title: The European Portuguese adaptation of the Fear of Pain Questionnaire.
abstract: In Portugal, it is estimated that chronic pain affects 36.7% of the population, constituting a multifactorial phenomenon with great impact on individual, family, community, and social levels. In the fear-avoidance model of pain, one of the most consistent consensus in the literature, the fear arises as one of the variables that can contribute to the development and maintenance of this condition. Thus, instruments for evaluating the fear of pain, as Fear of Pain Questionnaire (FPQ-III), may be useful in the conceptualization of the subjective experience of pain. Accordingly, this paper aims to describe the adaptation of FPQ-III to the European Portuguese idiom. A total of 1,094 participants (795 female; mean age=25.16, SD=7.72 years old) completed the web based questionnaire. The results point to a different factor model found in the first study of the original scale (five factors: minor pain, severe pain, medical pain, injection pain, and afflicted pain), good internal consistency (0.75 to 0.85) and good correlations (between 0.30 and 0.59) between subscales and (between 0.68 e 0.85) for the total score and subscales. Given the need to meet the various dimensions of the subjective experience of pain, the Fear of Pain Questionnaire is assumed as a useful tool that, in combination with other tools, may contribute to the evaluation and intervention procedures progressively more comprehensive and adjusted to the challenges raised with the issue of chronic pain.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Neuropsicofisiologia, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Centro de Psicologia, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Espanha. Electronic address: susanacardoso2004@yahoo.es.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Centro de Psicologia, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Esculpi
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Neuropsicofisiologia, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana Rita
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Neuropsicofisiologia - CIPsi, Escola de Psicologia, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: R Pereira
authors.affiliation: Centro de Psicologia, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Espanha.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mercado
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Neuropsicofisiologia, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barbosa
keywords: Ansiedade; Anxiety; Avaliação da dor; Chronic pain; Dor crônica; Fear; Medo; Pain assessment