title: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in diagnosis of epithelioid renal angiomyolipoma with renal vein and inferior vena cava extension.
abstract: Epithelioid angiomyolipoma is considered to be a rare variant of angiomyolipoma and potentially malignant. Reported cases of renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma with extension into the renal vein and inferior vena cava are even rarer. Once it occurs, it is difficult to differentiate from renal cell carcinoma on imaging. In addition, very few of the reported cases presented contrast-enhanced ultrasound images. Here, we report a case of a renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma extending into the renal vein and inferior vena cava along with its contrast-enhanced ultrasonic information. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound provided valuable information for diagnosis in this case.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Wenwu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Changli
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. luoyanddoc@163.com.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018207:Angiomyolipoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D012082:Renal Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media
keywords: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound; Epithelioid angiomyolipoma; Inferior vena cava; Renal vein