title: Cigarette Smoking Is Associated with a Lower Prevalence of Newly Diagnosed Diabetes Screened by OGTT than Non-Smoking in Chinese Men with Normal Weight.
abstract: Different studies have produced conflicting results regarding the association between smoking and diabetes mellitus, and detailed analysis of this issue in Chinese males based on nationwide samples is lacking. We explored the association between cigarette smoking and newly-diagnosed diabetes mellitus (NDM) in Chinese males using a population-based case-control analysis; 16,286 male participants without previously diagnosed diabetes were included. Prediabetes and NDM were diagnosed using the oral glucose tolerance test. The cohort included 6,913 non-smokers (42.4%), 1,479 ex-smokers (9.1%) and 7,894 current smokers (48.5%). Age-adjusted glucose concentrations (mmol/L) were significantly lower at fasting and 120 min in current smokers than non-smokers (5.25 vs. 5.30, 6.46 vs. 6.55, respectively, both P < 0.01). After adjustment for demographic and behavioral variables (age, region, alcohol consumption status, physical activity, education, and family history of diabetes), logistic regression revealed significant negative associations between smoking and NDM in males of a normal weight (BMI < 25 kg/m2: adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.75, P = 0.007; waist circumference < 90 cm: AOR = 0.71, P = 0.001) and males living in southern China (AOR = 0.75, P = 0.009), but not in males who were overweight/obese, males with central obesity, or males living in northern China. Compared to non-smokers, current smokers were less likely to be centrally obese or have elevated BP (AOR: 0.82 and 0.74, both P < 0.05), and heavy smokers (≥ 20 pack-years) were less likely to have elevated TG (AOR = 0.84, P = 0.012) among males of a normal weight. There were no significant associations between quitting smoking and metabolic disorders either among males of a normal weight or males who were overweight/obese. In conclusion, smokers have a lower likelihood of NDM than non-smokers among Chinese males with a lower BMI/smaller waist.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xuhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jieyuzhen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Peizhu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiaojing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Juming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Linong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
authors.forename: Zhongyan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Haoming
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Qiuhe
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Dalong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Jiapu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Lixiang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Zhiguang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wenying
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Weiping
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D001835:Body Weight; D002681:China; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology