title: Resistance training reduces systolic blood pressure in metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of resistance training on metabolic syndrome risk factors through comparison with a control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Meta-analysis comparing resistance training interventions with control groups. Two independent reviewers selected the studies and assessed their quality and data. The pooled mean differences between resistance training and the control group were calculated using a fixed-effects model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The MEDLINE, PEDro, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus and The Cochrane Library databases were searched from their earliest records to 10 January 2015.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomised controlled trials that compared the effect of resistance training on metabolic syndrome risk factors with a control group were included. All types of resistance training, irrespective of intensity, frequency or duration, were eligible.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only systolic blood pressure was significantly reduced, by 4.08 mm Hg (95% CI 1.33 to 6.82; p<0.01), following resistance training. The pooled effect showed a reduction of 0.04 mmol/L (95% CI -0.12, 0.21; p>0.05) for fasting plasma glucose, 0.00 (95% CI -0.05, 0.04; p>0.05) for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, 0.03 (95% CI -0.14, 0.20; p>0.05) for triglycerides, 1.39 mm Hg (95% CI -0.19, 2.98; p=0.08) for diastolic blood pressure and 1.09 cm (95% CI -0.12, 2.30; p=0.08) for waist circumference. Inconsistency (I2) for all meta-analysis was 0%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Resistance training may help reduce systolic blood pressure levels, stroke mortality and mortality from heart disease in people with metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  CRD42015016538.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ítalo Ribeiro
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9245-287X
authors.initials: ÍR
authors.lastname: Lemes
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, Discipline of Physiotherapy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Paulo Henrique
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Stephanie Nogueira
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Linares
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aryane Flauzino
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Marcelo
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Pastre
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jayme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Netto
keywords: Cardiovascular; Exercise training; Strength