title: Specific Detection of Two Divergent Simian Arteriviruses Using RNAscope In Situ Hybridization.
abstract: Simian hemorrhagic fever (SHF) is an often lethal disease of Asian macaques. Simian hemorrhagic fever virus (SHFV) is one of at least three distinct simian arteriviruses that can cause SHF, but pathogenesis studies using modern methods have been scarce. Even seemingly straightforward studies, such as examining viral tissue and cell tropism in vivo, have been difficult to conduct due to the absence of standardized SHFV-specific reagents. Here we report the establishment of an in situ hybridization assay for the detection of SHFV and distantly related Kibale red colobus virus 1 (KRCV-1) RNA in cell culture. In addition, we detected SHFV RNA in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from an infected rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). The assay is easily performed and can clearly distinguish between SHFV and KRCV-1. Thus, if further developed, this assay may be useful during future studies evaluating the mechanisms by which a simian arterivirus with a restricted cell tropism can cause a lethal nonhuman primate disease similar in clinical presentation to human viral hemorrhagic fevers.
authors.affiliation: Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Shu Qìng
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Yú
authors.affiliation: Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Yíngyún
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Caì
authors.affiliation: Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Cassandra
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lyons
authors.affiliation: Emerging Infectious Pathogens Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Reed F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Postnikova
authors.affiliation: Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mazur
authors.affiliation: Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Joshua C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sheli R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Radoshitzky
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.
authors.forename: Adam L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lauck
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.
authors.forename: Tony L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.affiliation: Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America.|Emerging Infectious Pathogens Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Peter B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Jahrling
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.
authors.forename: Thomas C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Friedrich
authors.affiliation: Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jens H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kuhn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018018:Arterivirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018174:Arterivirus Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000821:virology*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral