title: Behaviors of N-ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide ethanol (N-EtFOSE) in a soil-earthworm system: Transformation and bioaccumulation.
abstract: N-ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamido ethanol (N-EtFOSE) is a typical precursor of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). In this study, the behaviors of N-EtFOSE in a soil-earthworm system, including biodegradation in soil and bioaccumulation and biotransformation in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were investigated. N-EtFOSE could be biodegraded in soil and biotransformed in earthworms to several metabolites, including n-ethylperfluorooctane sulfonamide acetate (N-EtFOSAA), perfluorooctane sulfonamide acetate (FOSAA), perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) and PFOS, with N-EtFOSAA as the predominant intermediate and PFOS as the terminal product in both soil and earthworm. The uptake rate coefficients (ku, 0.746 goc gdw(-1)d(-1)), degradation rate constant in soil (k0, 0.138 d(-1)) and the biota-to-soil accumulation factor (BSAF, 0.523 goc gdw(-1)) of N-EtFOSE were estimated. For N-EtFOSE, N-EtFOSAA, FOSAA, FOSA and PFOS, their loss rate constants in earthworms were in the range of 0.467-30.2 (α) and 0.006-0.415 (β) d(-1), respectively. The results provided important information about the behaviors of N-EtFOSE in the soil-earthworm system.
authors.affiliation: School of Food and Environment, Dalian University of Technology (Panjin Campus), Panjin 124221, PR China.
authors.forename: Shuyan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
authors.forename: Xinxin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
authors.forename: Shuhong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China. Electronic address: zhuly@nankai.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lingyan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D001711:Biotransformation; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000378:metabolism*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005466:Fluorocarbons
chemical_list: D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013449:Sulfonamides; C435127:2-(N-ethylperfluorooctanesulfonamido)ethyl alcohol; D005466:Fluorocarbons
keywords: Bioaccumulation; Biotransformation; Earthworm; N-EtFOSE; Soil