title: Successful Treatment of Scrub Typhus-Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis With Chloramphenicol: Report of 3 Pediatric Cases and Literature Review.
abstract: Scrub typhus is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. Any delay in diagnosis can result in delayed treatment and severe complications, including secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, which is rare but potentially fatal.In this paper, the authors present 3 cases of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with scrub typhus, successfully treated with chloramphenicol without additional antineoplastic therapy. All patients cured and achieved complete resolution.This report highlights the effectiveness of chloramphenicol without the need for chemotherapy in the treatment of scrub typhus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a pediatric population under the age of 8 years.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Pediatrics (Y-HZ, F-QX), The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Anesthesiology (SVP), Intensive Care, Emergency Medicine and Pain Therapy, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium; Department of Infection and Liver Diseases (M-HZ), Liver Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; and Institute of Hepatology (M-HZ), Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Hai
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Fang-Qing
authors.initials: FQ
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Van Poucke
authors.forename: Ming-Hua
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051359:Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D012612:Scrub Typhus / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002701:Chloramphenicol