title: Hierarchy Low CD4+/CD8+ T-Cell Counts and IFN-γ Responses in HIV-1+ Individuals Correlate with Active TB and/or M.tb Co-Infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Detailed studies of correlation between HIV-M.tb co-infection and hierarchy declines of CD8+/CD4+ T-cell counts and IFN-γ responses have not been done. We conducted case-control studies to address this issue.
  
  
  METHODS
  164 HIV-1-infected individuals comprised of HIV-1+ATB, HIV-1+LTB and HIV-1+TB- groups were evaluated. Immune phenotyping and complete blood count (CBC) were employed to measure CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell counts; T.SPOT.TB and intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) were utilized to detect ESAT6, CFP10 or PPD-specific IFN-γ responses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant differences in median CD4+ T-cell counts between HIV-1+ATB (164/μL), HIV-1+LTB (447/μL) and HIV-1+TB- (329/μL) groups. Hierarchy low CD4+ T-cell counts (<200/μL, 200-500/μL, >500/μL) were correlated significantly with active TB but not M.tb co-infection. Interestingly, hierarchy low CD8+ T-cell counts were not only associated significantly with active TB but also with M.tb co-infection (P<0.001). Immunologically, HIV-1+ATB group showed significantly lower numbers of ESAT-6-/CFP-10-specific IFN-γ+ T cells than HIV-1+LTB group. Consistently, PPD-specific IFN-γ+CD4+/CD8+ T effector cells in HIV-1+ATB group were significantly lower than those in HIV-1+LTB group (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hierarchy low CD8+ T-cell counts and effector function in HIV-1-infected individuals are correlated with both M.tb co-infection and active TB. Hierarchy low CD4+ T-cell counts and Th1 effector function in HIV-1+ individuals are associated with increased frequencies of active TB, but not M.tb co-infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
authors.forename: Lingyun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
authors.forename: Xinyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Honghe No.1 People's Hospital, Mengzi, Mengzi County, 661100, China.
authors.forename: Yunya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
authors.forename: Shenglei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
authors.forename: Xinhua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.affiliation: Chinese Academy of Science and Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200040, China.
authors.forename: Hongbo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Center for Primate Biomedical Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, 60612, United States of America.
authors.forename: Zheng W
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
authors.forename: Weimin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
authors.forename: Wenhong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D060085:Coinfection / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007371:Interferon-gamma