title: Long non-coding RNA: A newly deciphered "code" in prostate cancer.
abstract: As one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in males, the development and progression of prostate cancer remains an open area of research. The role of lncRNAs in prostate cancer is an emerging field of study. In this review, we summarize what is currently known about lncRNAs in prostate cancer while focusing on a few key lncRNAs. PCA3 was the first lncRNA identified in prostate cancer and has been shown to be expressed in a majority of prostate cancer cases. It may act in both an androgen dependent and independent fashion and has clinical utility as a biomarker. Other lncRNAs are known to interact directly with the androgen receptor pathway including PlncRNA-1, HOTAIR, PRNCR1 and PCGEM1. Additionally, lncRNAs have been shown to interfere with tumor suppressors, DNA break repair, transcription and alternate RNA splicing. While only in its infancy, an understanding of the role of lncRNAs in prostate cancer development should present ample opportunities for the discovery of new cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
authors.forename: Ailin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Jiawei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
authors.forename: Arja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaipainen
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
authors.forename: Jared M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.affiliation: Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China. Electronic address: yanghong0012@sina.com.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000235:genetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding
keywords: Androgen receptor; Biomarker; LNCaP