title: Role of the vestibular nuclear complex in facilitating the jaw-opening reflex following stimulation of the red nucleus.
abstract: According to our previous studies, stimulation of the red nucleus (RN) facilitates the low-threshold afferent-evoked jaw-opening reflex (L-JOR). It has been reported that the RN projects to the superior (SVN), lateral (LVN) and inferior vestibular (IVN) nuclei. The SVN and the LVN have reciprocal intrinsic connections with the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN). Our previous study demonstrated that stimulation of the vestibular nuclear complex (VN) modulates the L-JOR. These facts suggest that RN-induced facilitation of the L-JOR is mediated via the VN. In the present work we investigated whether electrically induced lesions of the VN, or microinjection of muscimol into the VN, affects RN-induced facilitation of the L-JOR. The L-JOR was evoked by electrical stimulation of the inferior alveolar nerve. The stimulus intensity was 1.2 times the evocation threshold. Lesions of the MVN or the LVN or the SVN, and the muscimol injection into the MVN or the LVN or the SVN, reduced the RN-induced facilitation of the L-JOR. Conversely, lesions of the IVN, and the muscimol injection into the IVN, increased the RN-induced facilitation of the L-JOR. These results suggest that the RN-induced facilitation of the L-JOR is mediated by a relay in the VN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Chuou-ku, Niigata 951-8580, Japan. Electronic address: ysatoh@ngt.ndu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Chuou-ku, Niigata 951-8580, Japan.
authors.forename: Ken'Ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishizuka
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Chuou-ku, Niigata 951-8580, Japan; Department of Removable Prosthodontics, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Chuou-ku, Niigata 951-8580, Japan.
authors.forename: Mutsumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Chuou-ku, Niigata 951-8580, Japan.
authors.forename: Shin-Ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004560:Electricity; D007568:Jaw / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008406:Masseter Muscle / Q000502:physiology; D008845:Microinjections; D009118:Muscimol / Q000494:pharmacology; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012012:Red Nucleus / Q000502:physiology*; D012018:Reflex; D014726:Vestibular Nuclei / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D009118:Muscimol
keywords: Electric lesions; Jaw-opening reflex; Muscimol; Red nucleus; Vestibular nuclear complex