title: Opsoclonus in a patient with increased titers of anti-GAD antibody provides proof for the conductance-based model of saccadic oscillations.
abstract: Paucity in gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) due to blockage in the action of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), as seen in the syndrome of anti-GAD antibody, causes adult onset cerebellar ataxia, muscle rigidity, and episodic spasms. Downbeat nystagmus, saccadic dysmetria, impaired ocular pursuit, and impaired cancelation of vestibular ocular reflex are typical ocular motor deficits in patients with syndrome of anti-GAD antibody. We describe opsoclonus, in addition to downbeat nystagmus, in a patient with increased titers of anti-GAD antibody. Paucity in GABA leading to disinhibition to Purkinje target neurons at deep cerebellar and vestibular nuclei might have caused downbeat nystagmus in our patient. Anti-GAD antibody can also increase levels of glutamate the precursor of GABA and the substrate for the action of GAD. We propose that opsoclonus might be due to increased levels of glutamate and subsequent hyperexcitability of excitatory and inhibitory burst neurons leading to reverberation in their reciprocally innervating circuit.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States; Daroff-DelOsso Ocular Motility Laboratory and Neurology Service, Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States. Electronic address: aasefshaikh@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Aasef G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Shaikh
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wilmot
mesh_terms: D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D005260:Female; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009759:Nystagmus, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012438:Saccades / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase
keywords: Burst neuron; Cerebellum; GABA; Glutamate; Immune; Saccade