title: Hydraulic fracturing water use variability in the United States and potential environmental implications.
abstract: A U.S. map of water volumes used to hydraulically fracture oil and gas wells, 2011-2014Hydraulic fracturing water volumes differ regionally across the U.S.Discussion of variation in water use and potential environmental implications.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Geological Survey, Eastern Energy Resources Science Center Reston Virginia USA.
authors.forename: Tanya J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Gallegos
authors.affiliation: U.S. Geological Survey, Central Energy Resources Science Center Denver Colorado USA.
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Varela
authors.affiliation: U.S. Geological Survey, Central Energy Resources Science Center Denver Colorado USA.
authors.forename: Seth S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Haines
authors.affiliation: U.S. Geological Survey, Eastern Energy Resources Science Center Reston Virginia USA; Department of Geological Sciences University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Engle
keywords: hydraulic fracturing; shale gas; unconventional oil and gas; water use; well stimulation