title: Neuroprotective effects of ginsenosides on neural progenitor cells against oxidative injury.
abstract: Ginsenosides exhibit various neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress. However, which ginsenoside provides optimal effects for the treatment of neurological disorders as a potent antioxidant remains to be elucidated. Therefore, the present study investigated and compared the neuroprotective effects of the Rb1, Rd, Rg1 and Re ginsenosides on neural progenitor cells (NPCs) following tert-Butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced oxidative injury. Primary rat embryonic cortical NPCs were prepared from E14.5 embryos of Sprague-Dawley rats. The oxidative injury model was established with t‑BHP. A lactate dehydrogenase assay and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick‑end labeling staining were used to measure the viability of the NPCs pre‑treated with ginsenosides under oxidative stress. Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to determine the activation of intracellular signaling pathways triggered by the pretreatment of ginsenosides. Among the four ginsenosides, only Rb1 attenuated t‑BHP toxicity in the NPCs, and the nuclear factor (erythroizd‑derived 2)‑like 2/heme oxygenase‑1 pathway was found to be key in the intracellular defense against oxidative stress. The present study demonstrated the anti-oxidative effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on NPCs, and suggested that Rb1 may offer potential as a potent antioxidant for the treatment of neurological disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zheijiang 310016, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery II, The First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jian-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Minying
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chengwei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jian-Bo
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Huanxing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Su
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D015415:Biomarkers; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D020122:tert-Butylhydroperoxide / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D036145:Ginsenosides; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D020122:tert-Butylhydroperoxide