title: The value of otoendoscopy in the management of middle ear cholesteatoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The surgical management of cholesteatoma is a controversial issue, particularly regarding intact-canal-wall mastoidectomy (ICWM) versus canal-wall-down mastoidectomy (CWDM). The current experiment compared the quality of visualization in different middle ear structures using ICWM with otoendoscopy with findings of CWDM by microscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients diagnosed with cholesteatoma underwent tympanomastoidectomy, and then the patients selected for CWDM were included in the study (25 patients: 11 females and 14 males). After removing the cholesteatoma from the involved areas, otoendoscopic examination was done with a 4 mm, 0° endoscope by a neurootologist. All five middle ear structures (lateral epitympanum, sinus tympani, posterior crus of the stapes, round window niche, and Eustachian tube orifice) suspected of occult cholesteatoma were evaluated in terms of having or lacking the pathology. Then, CWDM was performed and all of the mentioned sites were reevaluated for diagnosing occult cholesteatoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The symmetric measures were 73%, 92%, 63%, 81%, and 100% for lateral epitympanum, sinus tympani, posterior crus of the stapes, round window niche, and Eustachian tube orifice, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Otoendoscopy was confirmed to have a great potential to be adopted by surgeons as a less invasive procedure in the surgical management of middle ear cholesteatoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Sayed Hamidreza
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Abtahi
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Farzaneh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abootalebian
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehrdad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rogha
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Nezamoddin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Berjis
keywords: Canal-wall-down mastoidectomy (CWDM); cholesteatoma; otoendoscopy