title: Conventional and innate lymphocytes response at the acute phase of HEV infection in transplanted patients.
abstract: The hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes usually benign and spontaneously resolving acute hepatitis in immunocompetent individuals. In immunocompromised patients with a solid-organ transplant (SOT), chronic infections occur in about 2/3 of cases. We aimed to evaluate the immune cells implicated at the acute phase of HEV infection.
  
  
  
  We studied the activation and memory markers on CD4, CD8, γδ and NK cells in 32 HEV-free control SOT patients and 23 SOT recipients, including 14 who became chronically infected. Samples from 7 immunocompetent individuals with an acute infection and 8 healthy donor samples were included for comparison.
  
  
  
  In acutely-infected SOT patients, NK and Vδ2 cells, but not other γδ cells, had an increased expression of CD69. Based on CD45RA/CD27 markers, solid-organ recipients infected with HEV contained a larger pool of circulating naive subsets among lymphocyte Tγδ cells. However, these alterations of Vδ2 cells were not associated with HEV clearance. Only the adaptive IFN-γ responses to HEV peptides, determined by ELISpot, were associated with a favorable outcome in immunocompromised patients.
  
  
  
  Transplanted patients mobilized their γδ cells at the acute phase of infection. Their precise role in HEV infection will thus deserve further investigations as they could be specifically immunomanipulated.
authors.affiliation: Inserm, U1043, Toulouse, F-31300, France; CNRS, U5282, Toulouse, F-31300, France; CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Laboratoire de virologie, Centre National de Référence Hépatite E, Institut fédératif de biologie de Purpan, F-31300, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse, UPS, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse (CPTP), F-31300, Toulouse, France. Electronic address: abravanel.f@chu-toulouse.fr.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abravanel
authors.affiliation: Inserm, U1043, Toulouse, F-31300, France; CNRS, U5282, Toulouse, F-31300, France; Université Toulouse, UPS, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse (CPTP), F-31300, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Barragué
authors.affiliation: Inserm, U1043, Toulouse, F-31300, France; CNRS, U5282, Toulouse, F-31300, France; CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Rangueil, Service de Néphrologie, Dialyse et Transplantation multi-organe, F-31049, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Gaëlle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dörr
authors.affiliation: Inserm, U1043, Toulouse, F-31300, France; CNRS, U5282, Toulouse, F-31300, France; CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Laboratoire de virologie, Centre National de Référence Hépatite E, Institut fédératif de biologie de Purpan, F-31300, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse, UPS, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse (CPTP), F-31300, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sauné
authors.affiliation: CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Département de Gastroentérologie, F-31300, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Marie
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Péron
authors.affiliation: CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Service de médecine interne, F-31300, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Alric
authors.affiliation: Inserm, U1043, Toulouse, F-31300, France; CNRS, U5282, Toulouse, F-31300, France; Université Toulouse, UPS, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse (CPTP), F-31300, Toulouse, France; CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Rangueil, Service de Néphrologie, Dialyse et Transplantation multi-organe, F-31049, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Nassim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kamar
authors.affiliation: Inserm, U1043, Toulouse, F-31300, France; CNRS, U5282, Toulouse, F-31300, France; CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Laboratoire de virologie, Centre National de Référence Hépatite E, Institut fédératif de biologie de Purpan, F-31300, Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse, UPS, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse (CPTP), F-31300, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Izopet
authors.affiliation: Inserm, U1043, Toulouse, F-31300, France; CNRS, U5282, Toulouse, F-31300, France; Université Toulouse, UPS, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse (CPTP), F-31300, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Champagne
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D016751:Hepatitis E / Q000276:immunology*; D016752:Hepatitis E virus / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012367:RNA, Viral; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000276:immunology; D066027:Transplant Recipients; D000099192:CD69 Antigens
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D012367:RNA, Viral; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta; D000099192:CD69 Antigens
keywords: Chronic viral hepatitis; Gamma-delta T cells; Hepatitis E virus; Solid organ transplantation