title: A Standardized Discharge Process Decreases Length of Stay for Ventilator-Dependent Children.
abstract: Children who require chronic mechanical ventilation via tracheostomy are medically complex and require prolonged hospitalization, placing a heavy burden on caregivers and hospital systems. We developed an interdisciplinary Ventilator Care Program to relieve this burden, through improved communication and standardized care. We hypothesized that a standardized team approach to the discharge of tracheostomy- and ventilator-dependent children would decrease length of stay (LOS), reduce patient costs, and improve safety.
  
  
  
  We used process mapping to standardize the discharge process for children requiring chronic ventilation. Interventions included developing education materials, a Chronic Ventilation Road Map for caregivers, utilization of the electronic medical record to track discharge readiness, team-based care coordination, and timely case management to arrange home nursing. We aimed to decrease overall and pediatric respiratory care unit LOS as the primary outcomes. We also analyzed secondary outcomes (mortality, emergency department visits, unplanned readmissions), and per-patient hospital costs during 2-year "preintervention" and "postintervention" periods (n = 18 and 30, respectively).
  
  
  
  Patient demographics were not different between groups. As compared with the preintervention cohort, the overall LOS decreased 42% (P = .002). Pediatric respiratory care unit LOS decreased 56% (P = .001). As a result, unplanned readmissions, emergency department visits, and mortality were not increased. Direct costs per hospitalization were decreased by an average of 43% (P = .01).
  
  
  
  Although LOS remained high, a standardized discharge process for chronically ventilated children by an interdisciplinary Ventilator Care Program team resulted in decreased LOS and costs without a negative impact on patient safety.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Heart Lung Center, Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, and christopher.baker@ucdenver.edu.
authors.forename: Christopher D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.
authors.forename: Jodi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thrasher
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Heart Lung Center, Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, and.
authors.forename: Heather M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.
authors.forename: Joyce
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Heart Lung Center, Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, and.
authors.forename: Steven H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Abman
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Heart Lung Center, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; and.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gien
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003266:Continuity of Patient Care / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000592:standards*; D010351:Patient Discharge / Q000592:standards*; D058996:Quality Improvement / Q000592:standards; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D014139:Tracheostomy / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D015300:Ventilator Weaning / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D055815:Young Adult