title: Gender Preference in the Sexual Attractions, Fantasies, and Relationships of Voluntarily Castrated Men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Some men seek castration outside a clear medical need. This study explored how their sexuality changed after castration.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore changes in preferred gender(s) of sexual attraction, fantasy, and relationships in voluntarily castrated men with or without gonadal hormone therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire was posted at http://www.eunuch.org that yielded data on men who had been voluntarily castrated physically (n = 198) or chemically (n = 96).
  
  
  METHODS
  Respondents were asked to report retrospectively on their sexuality, including their sexual activity and which gender(s) they were sexually attracted to, fantasized about, or had sexual relations with 6 months to 1 year before and after castration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A substantial proportion of men remained sexually active after castration; 37% had sex at least several times per week. Most respondents did not report a change in preferred gender(s) of attraction (65%, n = 181), fantasies (62%, n = 169), or sexual relationships (66%, n = 163), although approximately 20% to 30% of respondents did report such changes and 8% to 11% became non-sexual after castration. Respondents who were attracted to and fantasized about "only men" or who had sexual relationship with "only women" before castration were the least likely to report a change subsequent to castration. Respondents who were taking neither supplemental testosterone nor estrogen were more likely to report (i) becoming attracted to no one, (ii) fantasizing about no one, and (iii) becoming sexually inactive.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sexual changes in voluntarily castrated men vary and can be influenced by various factors including the use of supplemental testosterone or estrogen therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Ariel B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Handy
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Robyn A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Jackowich
authors.affiliation: Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wibowo
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology (Emeritus), California State University-Chico, Chico, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas Wayne
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada; Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Electronic address: Richard.wassersug@ubc.ca.
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Wassersug
keywords: Castration; Eunuchs; Gender Preference; Sexual Attraction; Sexual Fantasy; Sexual Relationship