title: OsSPL13 controls grain size in cultivated rice.
abstract: Although genetic diversity has a cardinal role in domestication, abundant natural allelic variations across the rice genome that cause agronomically important differences between diverse varieties have not been fully explored. Here we implement an approach integrating genome-wide association testing with functional analysis on grain size in a diverse rice population. We report that a major quantitative trait locus, GLW7, encoding the plant-specific transcription factor OsSPL13, positively regulates cell size in the grain hull, resulting in enhanced rice grain length and yield. We determine that a tandem-repeat sequence in the 5' UTR of OsSPL13 alters its expression by affecting transcription and translation and that high expression of OsSPL13 is associated with large grains in tropical japonica rice. Further analysis indicates that the large-grain allele of GLW7 in tropical japonica rice was introgressed from indica varieties under artificial selection. Our study demonstrates that new genes can be effectively identified on the basis of genome-wide association data.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Lizhen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Si
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jiaying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xuehui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jianghong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qingqing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Taoying
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jingjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yingying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shangguan
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Erwang
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Chengxiang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Lingling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Danlin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yiqi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qijun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yongchun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qilin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Kunyan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xinghua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyungsook
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Gynheung
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: National Center for Gene Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000235:genetics*; D017343:Genes, Plant; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D012275:Oryza / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000235:genetics*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA
chemical_list: D018749:RNA, Plant