title: Effects of silver nanoparticles on primary cell cultures of fibroblasts and keratinocytes in a wound-healing model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nanoparticles are widely used in different technological fields, one of which is medicine. Because of their antibacterial properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used in several types of wound dressings for the treatment of burns and nonhealing wounds, but their influence on each component of the wound-healing process remains unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of AgNPs on normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) and normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). Both cell types are important for wound healing, including with regard to inflammation, proliferation and tissue remodeling. Each phase of wound healing can be characterized by the secretion of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  The production of inflammatory parameters (tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α], interleukin-6 [IL-6], IL-8 and IL-12 and cyclooxygenase-2 [COX-2]), angiogenesis parameters (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3 and MMP-9) by NHDFs and NHEKs were examined by ELISA or Western blot after 24 and 48 hours of incubation with AgNPs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that AgNPs decreased some inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-12) and growth factors (VEGF) that were produced by NHDFs and NHEKs after 24 and 48 hours and decreased the expression of COX-2 after 24 hours but only at the highest concentration of AgNPs (25 parts per million).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that NHEKs are more susceptible to the application of AgNPs than NHDFs, and AgNPs may be useful for medical applications for the treatment of wounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc - Czech Republic.|Institute of Molecular and Translation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc - Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Franková
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc - Czech Republic.|Institute of Molecular and Translation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc - Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pivodová
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc - Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vágnerová
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc - Czech Republic.|Institute of Molecular and Translation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc - Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Juráňová
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc - Czech Republic.|Institute of Molecular and Translation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc - Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jitka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ulrichová
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008954:Models, Biological; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D012834:Silver