title: Primary renal carcinoid tumor: case report and review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this case report is to discuss the clinicopathological features of a patient with a primary renal carcinoid tumor.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report on the clinical and pathological information of one case of a patient with a primary renal carcinoid tumor as well as review relative literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patient was diagnosed with a renal tumor when she received physical examination, and exhibited no positive symptoms. The diameter of tumor was 5 cm, the cross surface of the tumor was light yellow and firm, and the central part was soft with hemorrhage and necrosis. Immunohistochemical staining revealed strong and diffuse staining with synaptophysin, chromogranin A, and neuron-specific enolase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A primary renal carcinoid tumor is extremely rare. Surgical resection is a preferred therapeutic method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Changle County, Changle, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tongyue
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Community Health Center, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ziqin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ban
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lijiang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
keywords: carcinoid tumors; parenchyma; renal