title: Sensitive and rapid detection of aflatoxin M1 in milk utilizing enhanced SPR and p(HEMA) brushes.
abstract: The rapid and sensitive detection of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk by using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor is reported. This low molecular weight mycotoxin is analyzed using an indirect competitive immunoassay that is amplified by secondary antibodies conjugated with Au nanoparticles. In order to prevent fouling on the sensor surface by the constituents present in analyzed milk samples, an interface with poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) p(HEMA) brush was employed. The study presents a comparison of performance characteristics of p(HEMA)-based sensor with a regularly used polyethylene glycol-based architecture relying on mixed thiol self-assembled monolayer. Both sensors are characterized in terms of surface mass density of immobilized AFM1 conjugate as well as affinity bound primary and secondary antibodies. The efficiency of the amplification strategy based on Au nanoparticle is discussed. The biosensor allowed for highly sensitive detection of AFM1 in milk with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 18pgmL(-1) with the analysis time of 55min.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Engineering and Biotechnology, Ernst-Abbe-University of Applied Sciences Jena, Carl-Zeiss Promenade 2, 07745 Jena, Germany; Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Josef-Engert Straße, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karczmarczyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Engineering and Biotechnology, Ernst-Abbe-University of Applied Sciences Jena, Carl-Zeiss Promenade 2, 07745 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dubiak-Szepietowska
authors.affiliation: Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 16206 Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Mariia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vorobii
authors.affiliation: Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 16206 Prague, Czech Republic; DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials and Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Cesar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Emmenegger
authors.affiliation: BioSensors Technologies, AIT Austrian Institute of Technologies GmbH, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Wien, Austria.
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dostálek
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Engineering and Biotechnology, Ernst-Abbe-University of Applied Sciences Jena, Carl-Zeiss Promenade 2, 07745 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Karl-Heinz
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Feller
mesh_terms: D016607:Aflatoxin M1 / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D057230:Limit of Detection; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D008689:Methacrylates; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D016607:Aflatoxin M1; C005044:hydroxyethyl methacrylate; D006046:Gold
keywords: Aflatoxin; Gold nanoparticles; Inhibition immunoassay; Polymer brushes; Signal amplification; Surface plasmon resonance