title: MyoD promotes porcine PPARγ gene expression through an E-box and a MyoD-binding site in the PPARγ promoter region.
abstract: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a key transcription factor in adipogenesis and can be regulated by adipogenesis-related factors. However, little information is available regarding its regulation by myogenic factors. In this study, we found that over-expression of MyoD enhanced porcine adipocyte differentiation and up-regulated PPARγ expression, whereas small interfering RNA against MyoD significantly attenuated porcine adipocyte differentiation and inhibited PPARγ expression. The MyoD-binding sites in the PPARγ promoter region at -412 to -396 and -155 to -150 were identified by promoter deletion analysis and site-directed mutagenesis. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation further showed that these two regions are MyoD-binding sites, both in vitro and in vivo, indicating that MyoD directly interacts with the porcine PPARγ promoter. Thus, our results demonstrate that an Enhancer box and a binding site for a cooperative co-activator of MyoD are present in the promoter region of porcine PPARγ; furthermore, MyoD up-regulates PPARγ expression and promotes porcine adipocyte differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Wuhan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430208, Peoples Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Peoples Republic of China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Peoples Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Peoples Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jianghui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Wuhan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430208, Peoples Republic of China.
authors.forename: Haijun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Wuhan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430208, Peoples Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Wuhan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430208, Peoples Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shengqiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Wuhan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430208, Peoples Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lixia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Wuhan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430208, Peoples Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Wuhan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430208, Peoples Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Agricultural Ministry and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Peoples Republic of China. jiangsiwen@mail.hzau.edu.cn.|The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, Peoples Republic of China. jiangsiwen@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Siwen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D024506:5' Flanking Region / Q000235:genetics; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D024721:E-Box Elements / Q000235:genetics*; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D017570:MyoD Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000235:genetics; D032496:Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D017384:Sequence Deletion / Q000235:genetics; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D017570:MyoD Protein; D047495:PPAR gamma
keywords: MyoD; MyoD-binding site; PPARγ; Porcine; Promoter