title: Tardive intermittent massive vaginal bleeding from abnormal blood vessels within cesarean scar: Two more new cases should bring our attention to a new entity.
abstract: The two cases in this report had intermittent massive vaginal bleeding with a distant history of cesarean delivery. Such severe bleeding was life-threating but was eventually cured by surgical management. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second report of cases of tardive vaginal bleeding caused by abnormal blood vessels embedded within cesarean scars. The two new cases in this report suggest a novel cause of tardive vaginal bleeding, which should bring our special attention to post-cesarean clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hunan Province Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Xiangling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hunan Province Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Pu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hunan Province Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Caiyi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lu
keywords: abnormal blood vessel; cesarean scar; intermittent massive vaginal bleeding; tardive