title: Aesthetic restoration in maxillo-mandibular malformations: the role of genioplasty.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determinate how orthognatic surgery aids to cure many skull and face abnormalities and to help re-establishing the correct occlusive relation thanks to the repositioning of the maxillo-mandibular skeleton basis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 183 male patients and 338 female patients, with an average age of 23 years. The sample series was divided according to specific pathologies. All patients underwent surgical procedures and the therapeutic strategy was determined based on the anomalies presented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  113 patients had a II class dental skeletal occlusion, 180 patients had a III class dental-skeletal occlusion and 222 patients had skull-facial abnormalities. 5 patients underwent only a genioplasty, 82 patients underwent a genioplasty associated with BSSO, 175 patients underwent a genioplasty associated with Le Fort I osteotomy and the remaining 253 patients underwent a genioplasty associated with BSSO and Le Fort I osteotomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The experience shows that genioplasty has been successfully introduced in orthognathic surgical therapeutic procedures, for dental-skeleton abnormalities and mandibular asymmetries treatment. In recent years, the evolution of computer systems has allowed an accurate assessment and programming, by means of the three-dimensional display, which are of great help in the course of diagnosis and evaluation of the displacements to be carried out, in order to obtain optimal aesthetic results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ungari
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Emiliano
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Riccardi
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reale
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agrillo
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rinna
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mitro
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Filiaci
keywords: facial profile change; genioplasty; maxillo-mandibular malformations; orthognathic surgery; plastic surgery