title: Three-dimensional Quantitative Porosity Characterization of Syringe- versus Hand-mixed Set Epoxy Resin Root Canal Sealer.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to compare the porosity characteristics of AH Plus Jet(tm) syringe-mix and the conventional hand-mixed AH Plus root canal sealers by three-dimensional quantitative high-resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Seven test specimens were prepared from each tested sealer by a single operator following the manufacturer's instructions and poured into pre-lubricated plastic split-ring moulds. Set sealer test specimens were scanned using a micro-CT device and the shadow images were reconstructed into cross-sectional slices. The evaluated parameters were (i) total pore count, (ii) total pore volume and mean pore volume, (iii) total porosity (% of pore volume in relation to total sealer volume) and (iv) mean pore distance to the sealer lateral external surface. In both groups, most pores were localized within the external sealer perimeter (0.05 mm from the external surface). Hand-mixed AH Plus specimens showed statistically significant higher mean total pore count, total pore volume and total porosity (p=0.001) than the syringe-mixed specimens. However, mean pore sizes in AH Plus syringe-mixed specimens were significantly higher (p=0.046) than the AH Plus hand-mixed counterparts. Hand-mixed AH Plus was associated with higher total mean pore count, volume and total porosity compared to syringe mixed AH Plus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, UFF - Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De-Deus
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, UFF - Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Miriam Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Scelza
authors.affiliation: Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Department, Saveetha University, Chennai, Temil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Prasanna
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Neelakantan
authors.affiliation: Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Department, Saveetha University, Chennai, Temil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Subash
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, UFRJ - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline de Almeida
authors.initials: Ade A
authors.lastname: Neves
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, UNIGRANRIO - Grande Rio University, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D004853:Epoxy Resins; D016062:Porosity; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D013594:Syringes; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: D004853:Epoxy Resins; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials