title: Modeling and optimization of red currants vacuum drying process by response surface methodology (RSM).
abstract: Fresh red currants were dried by vacuum drying process under different drying conditions. Box-Behnken experimental design with response surface methodology was used for optimization of drying process in terms of physical (moisture content, water activity, total color change, firmness and rehydratation power) and chemical (total phenols, total flavonoids, monomeric anthocyanins and ascorbic acid content and antioxidant activity) properties of dried samples. Temperature (48-78 °C), pressure (30-330 mbar) and drying time (8-16 h) were investigated as independent variables. Experimental results were fitted to a second-order polynomial model where regression analysis and analysis of variance were used to determine model fitness and optimal drying conditions. The optimal conditions of simultaneously optimized responses were temperature of 70.2 °C, pressure of 39 mbar and drying time of 8 h. It could be concluded that vacuum drying provides samples with good physico-chemical properties, similar to lyophilized sample and better than conventionally dried sample.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Zdravko
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Šumić
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vakula
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tepić
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Čakarević
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Jasmina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vitas
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia. Electronic address: bpavlic@uns.ac.rs.
authors.forename: Branimir
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pavlić
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D003890:Desiccation / Q000379:methods*; D005612:Freeze Drying; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D011312:Pressure; D031965:Ribes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development; D055771:Serbia; D013696:Temperature; D014618:Vacuum
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D010636:Phenols; D010851:Picrates; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: Optimization; Physico-chemical properties; Response surface methodology (RSM); Ribes rubrum L.; Vacuum drying