title: Systemic inflammatory impact of periodontitis on acute coronary syndrome.
abstract: A causative relationship between acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and periodontitis has yet to be defined. The aim of this study was to assess differences in levels of serum cytokines between individuals with or without ACS or periodontal comorbidity.
  
  
  
  In a case-control study, individuals with ACS (78 individuals, 10.3% females) and matching healthy controls (78 individuals, 28.2% females) were included. Medical and dental examinations were performed to diagnose ACS and periodontitis. Serum levels of cytokines were assessed, using Luminex technology.
  
  
  
  A diagnosis of periodontitis in the ACS and control group was diagnosed in 52.6% and 12.8% of the individuals, respectively. The unadjusted odds-ratio that individuals with ACS also had periodontitis was 7.5 (95% CI: 3.4, 16.8, p < 0.001). Independent of periodontal conditions, individuals with ACS had significantly higher serum levels of IL8 (mean: 44.3 and 40.0 pg/ml) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (mean: 82.3 and 55.3 pg/ml) than control individuals. A diagnosis of periodontitis made no difference in serum cytokine expressions.
  
  
  
  Elevated serum levels of VEGF were associated with ACS. Serum cytokine expression in individuals with ACS is unrelated to periodontal conditions.
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Society, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden.
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Widén
authors.affiliation: Kristianstad Central Hospital, Kristianstad, Sweden.
authors.forename: Helene
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Holmer
authors.affiliation: Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.affiliation: Kristianstad Central Hospital, Kristianstad, Sweden.
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tudor
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Society, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden.|Kristianstad Central Hospital, Kristianstad, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ola
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ohlsson
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Society, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden.
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sättlin
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Society, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden.|Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden.|Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Renvert
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Society, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden.|University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Goesta Rutger
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Persson
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010518:Periodontitis; D012307:Risk Factors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
chemical_list: D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: VEGF; cardiovascular disease; cytokines; hs-CRP; human; oral disease; serum