title: Adsorption of reactive blue BF-5G dye by soybean hulls: kinetics, equilibrium and influencing factors.
abstract: The textile industry is known for the high use of chemicals, such as dyes, and large volumes of effluent that contaminate waters, a fact that has encouraged research and improved treatment techniques. In this study, we used unprocessed soybean hulls for the removal of reactive blue BF-5G dye. The point of zero charge of soybean hulls was 6.76. Regarding the speed of agitation in the adsorption process, the resistance to mass transfer that occurs in the boundary layer was eliminated at 100 rpm. Kinetics showed an experimental amount of dye adsorbed at equilibrium of 57.473 mg g(-1) obtained under the following conditions: dye initial concentration = 400 mg L(-1); diameter of particle = 0.725 mm; dosage = 6 g L(-1); pH 2; 100 rpm; temperature = 30 °C; and duration of 24 hours. The pseudo-second order best showed the dye removal kinetics. The adsorption isotherms performed at different temperatures (20, 30, 40 and 50 °C) showed little variation in the concentration range assessed, being properly adjusted by the Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum capacity of dye adsorption was 72.427 mg g(-1) at 30 °C. Since soybean hull is a low-cost industrial byproduct, it proved to be a potential adsorbent for the removal of the textile dye assessed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Western Paraná State University, Campus of Toledo, Rua da Faculdade, 645, Jardim La Salle, CEP:85.903-000, Toledo, PR, Brazil E-mail: jacqueline-fh@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Jacqueline Ferandin
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Honorio
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Western Paraná State University, Campus of Toledo, Rua da Faculdade, 645, Jardim La Salle, CEP:85.903-000, Toledo, PR, Brazil E-mail: jacqueline-fh@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Márcia Teresinha
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Veit
authors.affiliation: Federal University Technology of Paraná, Campus of Toledo, Rua Cristo Rei, 19, Vila Becker CEP: 85902-490, Toledo, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gilberto da Cunha
authors.initials: Gda C
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Western Paraná State University, Campus of Toledo, Rua da Faculdade, 645, Jardim La Salle, CEP:85.903-000, Toledo, PR, Brazil E-mail: jacqueline-fh@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Élvio Antonio
authors.initials: ÉA
authors.lastname: de Campos
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Western Paraná State University, Campus of Toledo, Rua da Faculdade, 645, Jardim La Salle, CEP:85.903-000, Toledo, PR, Brazil E-mail: jacqueline-fh@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Márcia Regina
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Fagundes-Klen
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis; D007700:Kinetics; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D013783:Textile Industry; D014227:Triazines / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007220:Industrial Waste; D014227:Triazines; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C000607829:reactive blue BF-5G; D014867:Water