title: Alteration of syncytiotrophoblast mitochondria function and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in the placenta of rural residents.
abstract: The impact of environmental organophosphate (OP) pesticide exposure on respiratory complexes, enzymatic antioxidant defense activities, and oxidative damage markers in the syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast mitochondria was evaluated. Placental progesterone (PG) levels and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression were studied. Samples from women non-exposed (control group-CG) and women living in a rural area (rural group-RG) were collected during pesticide spraying season (RG-SS) and non-spraying season (RG-NSS). In RG-SS, the exposure biomarker placental carboxylesterase decreased and syncytiotrophoblast cytochrome c oxidase activity increased, while 4-hydroxynonenal levels decreased. PG levels decreased in RG-SS and in the RG. Nitric oxide synthase expression decreased in RG, RG-SS and RG-NSS. No significant changes in mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme activities were found. These results suggest that the alteration of syncytiotrophoblast mitochondrial complex IV activity and steroidogenic function may be associated to pesticide exposure. Reduction in placental PG and eNOS expression may account for low newborn weight in RG.
authors.affiliation: LIBIQUIMA, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Neuquén, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Cipolletti, Río Negro, Argentina.
authors.forename: Valeria L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Rivero Osimani
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina; IMBECU-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina.
authors.forename: Susana R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Valdez
authors.affiliation: LIBIQUIMA, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Neuquén, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias del Ambiente y la Salud, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Neuquén, Argentina. Electronic address: natanien@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Guiñazú
authors.affiliation: LIBIQUIMA, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Neuquén, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Cipolletti, Río Negro, Argentina.
authors.forename: Gladis
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Magnarelli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001118:Argentina; D001724:Birth Weight; D043182:Carboxylesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D045222:Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000378:metabolism; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism*; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010575:Pesticides; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D012424:Rural Population; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D045222:Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010575:Pesticides; D011374:Progesterone; C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV; D043182:Carboxylesterase
keywords: Endothelial NOS; Mitochondria; Organophosphate pesticides; Placenta; Progesterone; Syncytiotrophoblast