title: Financial Conflicts of Interest and Study Results in Environmental and Occupational Health Research.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To date, there is no comprehensive analysis of the relationship between financial conflict of interest (COI) and a potential publication bias in environmental and occupational health studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed original research articles published in 2012 in 17 peer-reviewed journals. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression models were developed to evaluate the relationship between financial COI and the study outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 373 studies included in the analysis, 17.2% had a financial COI associated with organizations involved with the processing, use, or disposal of industrial and commercial products, and studies with this type of COI were more likely to report negative results (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 4.31), as were studies with any COI associated with the military (employment or funding; Adjusted Odds Ratio = 9.15).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings show a clear relationship between direction of reported findings and specific types of financial COI.
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health (L Friedman); and The Social Policy Research Institute, Skokie, Illinois (M Friedman).
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Friedman
mesh_terms: D015706:Bibliometrics; D016265:Conflict of Interest; D004782:Environmental Health; D032984:Ethics, Research; D006077:Government Agencies / Q000191:economics*; D006801:Humans; D007221:Industry / Q000191:economics*; D016272:Occupational Health; D017594:Publication Bias; D012109:Research Support as Topic / Q000191:economics / Q000941:ethics*