title: Modulation of antigen processing by haem-oxygenase 1. Implications on inflammation and tolerance.
abstract: Haem-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an enzyme responsible for the degradation of haem that can suppress inflammation, through the production of carbon monoxide (CO). It has been shown in several experimental models that genetic and pharmacological induction of HO-1, as well as non-toxic administration of CO, can reduce inflammatory diseases, such as endotoxic shock, type 1 diabetes and graft rejection. Recently, it was shown that the HO-1/CO system can alter the function of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and reduce T-cell priming, which can be beneficial during immune-driven inflammatory diseases. The molecular mechanisms by which the HO-1 and CO reduce both APC- and T-cell-driven immunity are just beginning to be elucidated. In this article we discuss recent findings related to the immune regulatory capacity of HO-1 and CO at the level of recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns and T-cell priming by APCs. Finally, we propose a possible regulatory role for HO-1 and CO over the recently described mitochondria-dependent immunity. These concepts could contribute to the design of new therapeutic tools for inflammation-based diseases.
authors.affiliation: Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.|INSERM, UMR 1064, CHU Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Sebastián A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Riquelme
authors.affiliation: Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.|Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Leandro J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Carreño
authors.affiliation: Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Janyra A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Espinoza
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine and Experimental Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU), Science and Technology Center (CCT) of Mendoza, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina.|Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.
authors.forename: Juan Pablo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Mackern-Oberti
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Gastroenterología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Manuel M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Lobos
authors.affiliation: Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Claudia A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Riedel
authors.affiliation: Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.|INSERM, UMR 1064, CHU Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Bueno
authors.affiliation: Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.|INSERM, UMR 1064, CHU Nantes, ITUN, Nantes, France.|Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Alexis M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kalergis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000378:metabolism; D015195:Drug Design; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007154:Immune System Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D056747:Immunomodulation; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D002248:Carbon Monoxide; C496541:HMOX1 protein, human; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1
keywords: antigen presentation; carbon monoxide; cytokine; dendritic cells; haem-oxygenase 1