title: Recent advancements in ion concentration polarization.
abstract: In this minireview, we discuss advancements in ion concentration polarization (ICP)-based preconcentration, separation, desalination, and dielectrophoresis that have been made over the past three years. ICP as a means of controlling the distribution of the ions and electric field in a microfluidic device has rapidly expanded its areas of application. Recent advancements have focused on the development of ion-permselective materials with tunable dimensions and surface chemistry, adaptation to paper microfluidics, higher-throughput device geometries, and coupling ICP with other separation (isotachophoresis and dielectrophoresis) and fluidic (valve and droplet microfluidic) strategies. These studies have made great strides toward solving real-world problems such as low-cost and rapid analysis, accessible desalination technology, and single-cell research tools.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, Ames, IA 50011-3111, USA. rkanand@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Robbyn K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Anand