title: Effect of Tadalafil on Prevention of Urethral Stricture After Urethral Injury: An Experimental Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the preventive effect of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (tadalafil) on the formation of urethral stricture after urethral injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 28, 4-month-old male New Zealand rabbits were included and divided into 3 groups. Group 1 was a sham group with 8 rabbits that underwent only urethroscopy. Group 2 was a nontreatment group with 10 rabbits that underwent urethral electrocoagulation without any treatment. Group 3 was the treatment group with 10 rabbits that underwent urethral electrocoagulation with systemic tadalafil treatment. After 30 days of follow-up, urethroscopy and retrograde urethrography were performed to evaluate the morphological changes in the urethra. The urethra tissues were examined with standard light microscopy by a histologist, and apoptosis was evaluated by the terminal dUTP nick end-labeling assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Urethral diameters in group 1, group 2, and group 3 were 9.14 ± 0.73 mm, 3.52 ± 1.2 mm, and 7.68 ± 1.14 mm, respectively. The differences in urethral diameters were statistically significant between groups (P < .01). Collagen deposition in submucosal connective tissue was significantly less in the tadalafil group vs the nontreatment group. The numbers of apoptotic cells in submucosal connective tissue were also quantitatively higher in urethral stricture groups compared to the sham group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tadalafil treatment had a protective effect against the formation of urethral stricture in rabbit model. This treatment can be a promising opportunity for urethral stricture and must be supported by clinical studies.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey. Electronic address: drkurtomer@ygmail.com.
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kurt
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ebru
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yesildag
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cenk M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Yazici
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cevat
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aktas
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey.
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ozcaglayan
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yeliz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bozdemir
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D008297:Male; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011817:Rabbits; D000068581:Tadalafil / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014521:Urethra / Q000293:injuries; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors; D000068581:Tadalafil