title: A review on bisphenol A occurrences, health effects and treatment process via membrane technology for drinking water.
abstract: Massive utilization of bisphenol A (BPA) in the industrial production of polycarbonate plastics has led to the occurrence of this compound (at μg/L to ng/L level) in the water treatment plant. Nowadays, the presence of BPA in drinking water sources is a major concern among society because BPA is one of the endocrine disruption compounds (EDCs) that can cause hazard to human health even at extremely low concentration level. Parallel to these issues, membrane technology has emerged as the most feasible treatment process to eliminate this recalcitrant contaminant via physical separation mechanism. This paper reviews the occurrences and effects of BPA toward living organisms as well as the application of membrane technology for their removal in water treatment plant. The potential applications of using polymeric membranes for BPA removal are also discussed. Literature revealed that modifying membrane surface using blending approach is the simple yet effective method to improve membrane properties with respect to BPA removal without compromising water permeability. The regeneration process helps in maintaining the performances of membrane at desired level. The application of large-scale membrane process in treatment plant shows the feasibility of the technology for removing BPA and possible future prospect in water treatment process.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA), Research Institute for Sustainable Environment (RISE), Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. msuliza@gmail.com.|Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. msuliza@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mimi Suliza
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Muhamad
authors.affiliation: Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA), Research Institute for Sustainable Environment (RISE), Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. mohdrazman@utm.my.|Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. mohdrazman@utm.my.
authors.forename: Mohd Razman
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Salim
authors.affiliation: Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Woei Jye
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA), Research Institute for Sustainable Environment (RISE), Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.|Department of Hydraulics and Hydrology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Zulkifli
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yusop
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity*; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D060766:Drinking Water; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010636:Phenols; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: Bisphenol A; Effects; Membrane technology; Occurrences; Surface modification; Water treatment plant