title: Assessment of the Effectiveness of a Seasonal-Long Insecticide-Based Control Strategy against Aedes albopictus Nuisance in an Urban Area.
abstract: Seasonal-long larvicide treatments and/or outdoor space-spray applications of insecticides are frequently applied to reduce Aedes albopictus nuisance in urban areas of temperate regions, where the species has become a permanent pest affecting people's quality of life and health. However, assessments of the effectiveness of sequential interventions is a difficult task, as it requires to take into account the cumulative and combined effect of multiple treatments, as well as the mosquito seasonal dynamics (rather than mosquito abundance before and after single treatments). We here present the results of the effectiveness assessment of a seasonal-long calendar-based control intervention integrating larvicide treatments of street catch basins and night-time adulticide ground spraying in the main University hospital in Rome (Italy). Cage-experiments and an intensive monitoring of wild mosquito abundance in treated and untreated sites were carried out along an entire season. Sticky traps were used to monitor adult abundance and site-specific eco-climatic variations (by recording water left over in each trap), in order to disentangle the effect of insecticide treatments from eco-climatic drivers on mosquito seasonal dynamics. Despite the apparent limited impact of single adulticide sprayings assessed based on mortality in caged and wild mosquitoes, the results of the temporal analysis showed that mosquito seasonal patterns were initially comparable in the two sites, diverged in the absence of diverging eco-climatic conditions and remained stable afterwards. This allowed to attribute the lack of the expected Ae. albopictus population expansion in the treated site to the combined effect of multiple adulticide sprayings and larvicide treatments carried out during the whole season. The approach proposed was proved to be successful to assess effects of seasonal-long control treatments on adult mosquito population dynamics and could represent a valuable instrument to assess the effectiveness of other control interventions, to evaluate their actual cost-benefits and to possibly minimize space-spraying applications to reduce mosquito nuisance.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Università di Roma "Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Beniamino
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Caputo
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Università di Roma "Sapienza", Rome, Italy.|Dipartimento di Biodiversità ed Ecologia Molecolare, Centro Ricerca e Innovazione, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Trentino, Italia.
authors.forename: Mattia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manica
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Università di Roma "Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonello
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'Alessandro
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Università di Roma "Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giordano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bottà
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Università di Roma "Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Filipponi
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Università di Roma "Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Carmela
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Protano
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Università di Roma "Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vitali
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Biodiversità ed Ecologia Molecolare, Centro Ricerca e Innovazione, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Trentino, Italia.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosà
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Università di Roma "Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: della Torre
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*; D000818:Animals; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005260:Female; D006302:Health Services Research; D007306:Insecticides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000191:economics; D008297:Male; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D012384:Rome; D012621:Seasons
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides