title: Molecular characterization of a Class I Newcastle disease virus strain isolated from a pigeon in China.
abstract: Constant monitoring is performed to elucidate the role of natural hosts in the ecology of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). In this study, an NDV strain isolated from an asymptomatic pigeon was sequenced and analysed. Results showed that the full-length genomes of this isolate were 15,198 nucleotides with the gene order of 3'-NP-P-M-F-HN-L-5'. This NDV isolate was lentogenic, with an intracerebral pathogenicity index of 0.00 and a mean time of death more than 148 h. The isolate possessed a motif of -(112)E-R-Q-E-R-L(117)- at the F protein cleavage site. In addition, 7 and 13 amino acid substitutions were identified in the functional domains of fusion protein (F) and haemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein (HN) proteins, respectively. Analysis of the amino acids of neutralizing epitopes of F and HN proteins showed 3 and 10 amino acid substitutions, respectively, in the isolate. Phylogenetic analysis classified the isolate into genotype Ib in Class I. This isolate shared high homologies with the NDV strains isolated from wild birds and waterfowl in southern and eastern parts of China from 2005 to 2013. To our knowledge, this study is the first to report a NDV strain isolated from pigeon that belongs to genotype Ib in Class I, rather than to the traditional genotype VI or other sub-genotypes in Class II. This study provides information to elucidate the distribution and evolution of Class I viruses for further NDV prevention.
authors.affiliation: a College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shanhui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: a College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiumei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: a College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yanping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: a College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaolong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: a College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yanqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: a College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Haixin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Mengfei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: a College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shuxia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Sa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: a College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xinglong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zengqi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002681:China; D010856:Columbidae / Q000821:virology*; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D015707:HN Protein / Q000235:genetics; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000821:virology*; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D010802:Phylogeny; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000662:veterinary; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015707:HN Protein; D014764:Viral Proteins
keywords: Class I; Ib; Newcastle disease virus; genotype; pigeon