title: Experience and Opinions of Forensic Psychiatrists Regarding PTSD in Criminal Cases.
abstract: By the end of 2014, 1.5 million veterans of the Second Iraq and Afghan wars were to have returned home, up to 35 percent with PTSD. The potential use of PTSD as the basis for legal claims in criminal defense is therefore a pressing problem. Using a Web-based survey, we examined the experiences and attitudes of members of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law (AAPL) regarding PTSD in the criminal forensic setting. Of 238 respondents, 50 percent had been involved in a criminal case involving PTSD, 41 percent in the previous year. Eighty-six percent of cases involved violent crime and 40 percent homicides. Forty-two percent of defendants were soldiers in active service or veterans, of whom 89 percent had had combat exposure, mostly in the Second Iraq and Afghan wars. Outcomes reported were not guilty by reason of insanity (NGRI) (7%), guilty on the original charge (40%), and pleading guilty to a lesser charge (23%). The findings suggest that many forensic psychiatrists will be asked to evaluate PTSD in the criminal setting, with a growing number of cases related to combat exposure in recent veterans. The implications of these findings for the practice of forensic psychiatry are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Cohen is Clinical Assistant Professor, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY. Dr. Appelbaum is Elizabeth K. Dollard Professor of Psychiatry, Medicine, and the Law, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, and Director, Division of Law, Ethics, and Psychiatry, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons and NY State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY.
authors.forename: Ziv E
authors.initials: ZE
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.affiliation: Dr. Cohen is Clinical Assistant Professor, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY. Dr. Appelbaum is Elizabeth K. Dollard Professor of Psychiatry, Medicine, and the Law, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, and Director, Division of Law, Ethics, and Psychiatry, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons and NY State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY. appelba@nyspi.columbia.edu.
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Appelbaum
mesh_terms: D003416:Criminal Law; D057237:Criminals / Q000523:psychology*; D005555:Forensic Psychiatry; D006801:Humans; D007298:Insanity Defense; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic