title: Melanin and humic acid-like polymer complex from olive mill waste waters. Part I. Isolation and characterization.
abstract: A water soluble humic acid and melanin-like polymer complex (OMWW-ASP) was isolated from olive mill waste waters (OMWW) by ammonium sulfate fractionation to be used as natural additive in food preparations. The dark polymer complex was further characterized by a variety of biochemical, physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques. OMWW-ASP is composed mainly of proteins associated with polyphenols and carbohydrates and the distribution of its relative molecular size was determined between about 5 and 190 kDa. SDS-PAGE shows the presence of a well separated protein band of 21.3 kDa and a low molecular weight peptide. The OMWW-ASP complex exhibits a monotonically increasing UV-Vis absorption spectrum and it contains stable radicals. Antioxidant activity measurements reveal the ability of the OMWW protein fraction to scavenge both the cationic 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS(+)) radical, as well as the stable nitroxide free radical 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPOL).
authors.affiliation: Ecole Supérieure des Industries Alimentaires de Tunis, 58, Avenue Alain Savary, 1003 Tunis, Tunisia; Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Structurale: Synthèse et Etude Physicochimique, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Campus Universitaire 2092 - El Manar, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Maissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khemakhem
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece. Electronic address: vpapa@eie.gr.
authors.forename: Vassiliki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Papadimitriou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sotiroudis
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Panagiotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zoumpoulakis
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arbez-Gindre
authors.affiliation: Ecole Supérieure des Industries Alimentaires de Tunis, 58, Avenue Alain Savary, 1003 Tunis, Tunisia; Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Structurale: Synthèse et Etude Physicochimique, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Campus Universitaire 2092 - El Manar, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Nabiha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bouzouita
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry & Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Theodore G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Sotiroudis
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D001704:Biopolymers / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002412:Cations; D006812:Humic Substances / Q000032:analysis*; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis; D008543:Melanins / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D031658:Olea / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001704:Biopolymers; D002412:Cations; D006812:Humic Substances; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008543:Melanins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D059808:Polyphenols; D062065:Wastewater
keywords: Ammonium sulfate fractionation; Humic acid size measurements; Melanin; Oil mill waste water; Scavenging activity; Spectroscopic characterization