title: The Kidney in Critical Cardiac Disease: Proceedings From the 10th International Conference of the Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Society.
abstract: The field of cardiac intensive care continues to advance in tandem with congenital heart surgery. The focus of intensive care unit care has now shifted to that of morbidity reduction and eventual elimination. Acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery is associated with adverse outcomes, including prolonged intensive care and hospital stays, diminished quality of life, and increased long-term mortality. Acute kidney injury occurs frequently, complicating the care of both postoperative patients and those with heart failure. Patients who become fluid overloaded and/or require dialysis are at high risk of mortality, but even minor degrees of AKI portend a significant increase in mortality and morbidity. Clinicians continue to seek methods of early diagnosis and risk stratification of AKI to prevent its adverse sequelae. Previous conventional wisdom that survivors of AKI fully recover renal function without subsequent consequences may be flawed.
authors.affiliation: The Heart Institute and the Center for Acute Care Nephrology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA david.cooper@cchmc.org.
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.affiliation: Division of Critical Care and the Center for Acute Care Nephrology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Rajit K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Basu
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Jack F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Price
authors.affiliation: The Heart Institute and the Center for Acute Care Nephrology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Stuart L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.affiliation: Dvision of Cardiology, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Catherine D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Krawczeski
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D059347:Cardio-Renal Syndrome; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D002648:Child; D003325:Coronary Care Units; D018450:Disease Progression; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000601:surgery*; D006333:Heart Failure; D006801:Humans; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D007902:Length of Stay; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D011788:Quality of Life; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014883:Water-Electrolyte Imbalance / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy
keywords: acute kidney injury; chronic kidney disease; congenital heart disease; congenital heart surgery; fluid overload; renal replacement therapy