title: Strategies for delivery of HIV test results in population-based HIV seroprevalence surveys: a review of the evidence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Many population-based demographic surveys assess local and national HIV prevalence in developing countries through home-based HIV testing and counselling (HBHTC), but results are rarely returned to participants. This review gathered evidence on the feasibility and best practices of providing HIV test results during such surveys by reviewing population-based surveys that provided test results.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature review.
  
  
  METHODS
  This review was conducted as part of a broader literature review related to HBHTC. We present results from population-based HIV seroprevalence surveys conducted between January 1984 and June 2013.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified eighteen population-based surveys describing uptake of results when testing or results were offered in the home, four of which compare home uptake to facility-based testing. All were from Sub-Saharan Africa. More people tested and received results in HBHTC compared to facility-based testing. Uptake of test results (72%) and the percentage of the population tested (59%) was highest when testing and the provision of results were provided in the home compared to the provision of results elsewhere (41% uptake; 37% population coverage), as well as mobile/facility-based testing and the provision of results (15% uptake; 13% population coverage). Providing results the same day as testing in HBHTC produces higher uptake (97% uptake; 74% population coverage) than delayed results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inclusion of home testing and provision of HIV results to participants in national population-based surveys in Sub-Saharan Africa is possible and should be prioritized. The timing and location of testing and the provision of results during HBHTC as part of population-based surveys affects uptake of testing and population coverage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Bateganya
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Sileo
authors.affiliation: Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Wanyenze
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA. Electronic address: susankiene@gmail.com.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kiene
mesh_terms: D017954:Africa South of the Sahara / Q000453:epidemiology; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015528:HIV Seroprevalence; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006699:Home Care Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Demographic health survey; HIV testing