title: Factors affecting metabolic syndrome by lifestyle.
abstract: [Purpose] The aim of this study was to explore lifestyle factors in relation to metabolic syndrome so as to be able to utilize the results as baseline data for the furtherance of health-care and medical treatment. [Subjects and Methods] This study was conducted with patients who visited a health care center located in Seoul and had abdominal ultrasonography between 2 March 2013 and 28 February, 2014. Heights, weights, and blood pressures were measured by automatic devices. Three radiologists examined the patients using abdominal ultrasonography for gallstone diagnosis. The statuses of patients with regard to smoking, alcohol, coffee, and physical activities were explored for the lifestyle investigation. For investigating baseline demographics, we first used descriptive statistics. We then used the χ(2) test to analyze lifestyles and gallstone prevalence with regard to the presence of metabolic syndrome. Lastly, logistic regression analysis was conducted to discover the risk factors of metabolic syndrome. [Results] For men, body mass index, maximum gallstone size, and waist circumference were revealed as risk factors for metabolic syndrome, in descending order of the degree of risk. For females, gallstone presence was the most significant risk factor, followed by waist circumference. [Conclusion] Metabolic disease mainly presents itself along with obesity, and we should become more focused on preventing and treating this disease. A large-scale prospective study is needed in the future, as the cause of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis remained unclear in this study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Korea Medical Institute, Republic of Korea; Department of International Radiological Science, Hallym University of Graduate Studies, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Nam-Kyun
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Ki
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hae-Kag
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of International Radiological Science, Hallym University of Graduate Studies, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Keimyung University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seon-Chil
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiological Science, Songho College, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Nak-Sang
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Gallstone; Lifestyle; Metabolic syndrome