title: Classification of Nonomuraea sp. ATCC 39727, an actinomycete that produces the glycopeptide antibiotic A40926, as Nonomuraea gerenzanensis sp. nov.
abstract: Strain ATCC 39727, which produces the antibiotic A40926 (the natural precursor of the antibiotic dalbavancin), was isolated from a soil sample collected in India, and it was originally classified as a member of the genus Actinomadura on the base of morphology and cell-wall composition. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicates that the strain forms a distinct clade within the genus Nonomuraea, and it is most closely related to Nonomuraea angiospora DSM 43173T (98.72 % similarity) and Nonomuraea jabiensis A4036T (98.69 %). The strain forms an extensively branched substrate mycelium and aerial hyphae that form spiral chains of spores with ridged surfaces. The cell wall contains meso-diaminopimelic acid and the whole-cell sugars are glucose, ribose, galactose, mannose and madurose (madurose as the diagnostic sugar). The N-acyl type of muramic acid is acetyl. The predominant menaquinone is MK-9(H4), with minor amounts of MK-9(H2), MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H0). The polar-lipid profile includes diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, hydroxyphosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and a series of uncharacterized phospholipids, glycolipids and phosphoglycolipids. The major cellular fatty acids are iso-C16 : 0 and 10-methyl C17 : 0. The genomic DNA G+C content is 71.2 mol%. Significant differences in the morphological, chemotaxonomic and biochemical data, together with DNA-DNA relatedness between strain ATCC 39727 and closely related type strains, clearly demonstrated that strain ATCC 39727 represents a novel species of the genus Nonomuraea, for which the name Nonomuraea gerenzanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ATCC 39727T ( = DSM 100948T).
authors.affiliation: ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development), Department for Sustainability of Production and Territorial Systems, via Anguillarese 301, 00123, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dalmastri
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, and 'The Protein Factory' Research Center, Politecnico of Milano, ICRM CNR Milano and University of Insubria, 21100, Varese, Italy.
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gastaldo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, and 'The Protein Factory' Research Center, Politecnico of Milano, ICRM CNR Milano and University of Insubria, 21100, Varese, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgia Letizia
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Marcone
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, and 'The Protein Factory' Research Center, Politecnico of Milano, ICRM CNR Milano and University of Insubria, 21100, Varese, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Binda
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100, Varese, Italy.
authors.forename: Terenzio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Congiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, and 'The Protein Factory' Research Center, Politecnico of Milano, ICRM CNR Milano and University of Insubria, 21100, Varese, Italy.
authors.forename: Flavia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marinelli
mesh_terms: D000192:Actinomycetales / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D003960:Diaminopimelic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000737:chemistry; D007194:India; D009112:Muramic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D017334:Teicoplanin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C054981:A 40926; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D006017:Glycolipids; D009112:Muramic Acids; D010743:Phospholipids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D024482:Vitamin K 2; C073355:menaquinone 9; D003960:Diaminopimelic Acid; D017334:Teicoplanin; C469289:dalbavancin