title: LC-MS/MS method development for quantitative analysis of acetaminophen uptake by the aquatic fungus Mucor hiemalis.
abstract: Acetaminophen is a pharmaceutical, frequently found in surface water as a contaminant. Bioremediation, in particular, mycoremediation of acetaminophen is a method to remove this compound from waters. Owing to the lack of quantitative analytical method for acetaminophen in aquatic organisms, the present study aimed to develop a method for the determination of acetaminophen using LC-MS/MS in the aquatic fungus Mucor hiemalis. The method was then applied to evaluate the uptake of acetaminophen by M. hiemalis, cultured in pellet morphology. The method was robust, sensitive and reproducible with a lower limit of quantification of 5 pg acetaminophen on column. It was found that M. hiemalis internalize the pharmaceutical, and bioaccumulate it with time. Therefore, M. hiemalis was deemed a suitable candidate for further studies to elucidate its pharmaceutical tolerance and the longevity in mycoremediation applications.
authors.affiliation: Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Ecology, Chair of Ecological Impact Research & Ecotoxicology, Ernst Reuter Platz 1, 10587 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Maranda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Esterhuizen-Londt
authors.affiliation: Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Ecology, Chair of Ecological Impact Research & Ecotoxicology, Ernst Reuter Platz 1, 10587 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.affiliation: Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Ecology, Chair of Ecological Impact Research & Ecotoxicology, Ernst Reuter Platz 1, 10587 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Balsano
authors.affiliation: Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Ecology, Chair of Ecological Impact Research & Ecotoxicology, Ernst Reuter Platz 1, 10587 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kühn
authors.affiliation: Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Ecology, Chair of Ecological Impact Research & Ecotoxicology, Ernst Reuter Platz 1, 10587 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: stephan.pflugmacher@tu-berlin.de.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pflugmacher
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000032:analysis*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D009089:Mucor / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000082:Acetaminophen
keywords: Acetaminophen; Bioconcentration; LC–MS/MS; Mucor hiemalis; Mycoremediation