title: Prevalence of anxiety, depression and kinesiophobia in patients with low back pain and their association with the symptoms of low back spinal pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prevalence of anxiety, depression and kinesiophobia and their association with the symptoms of low back pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 65 patients were divided into three groups: Organic, Amplified Organic and Non-Organic. They answered the Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia and were evaluated according to their pain level using the Visual Analogic Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average kinesiophobia scores of the patients in the Organic, Amplified Organic and Non-Organic groups were 36.26, 36.21 and 23.06 points, respectively. Patients who were classified into the Organic group experienced the most kinesiophobia out of all 3 groups (p=0.007). The average anxiety scores of the patients in the Organic, Amplified Organic and Non-Organic groups were 33.17, 32.79 and 32.81 points, respectively, with no significant difference among the groups (p=0.99). The average depression scores of the patients in the Organic, Amplified Organic and Non-Organic groups were 32.54, 28.79 and 37.69 points, respectively, with no significant difference among the groups (p=0.29).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no association between the groups and anxiety and depression. However, there was a positive correlation between kinesiophobia and the Organic group. Studies of other patient samples are needed to confirm the reproducibility and validity of these data in other populations.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurocirurgia do Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo (Iamspe), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Electronic address: tathitrocoli@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Tathiana O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Trocoli
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurocirurgia do Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo (Iamspe), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ricardo V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Botelho
keywords: Ansiedade; Anxiety; Cinesiofobia; Depression; Depressão; Kinesiophobia; Lombalgia; Low back pain; Somatoform disorders; Transtornos somatoformes