title: Pathological Analysis of Cell Differentiation in Cholesterol Granulomas Experimentally Induced in Mice.
abstract: In this study, cholesterin was implanted in the subcutaneous tissue in mice to induce the formation of cholesterol granuloma. Histological examination was carried out to determine the type and source of cells. The tissue surrounding the embedded cholesterin was examined histologically within the period of 6 months. Cell differentiation in cholesterol granulomas was investigated using ddY mice and GFP bone marrow transplanted mice. Cholesterin was embedded in mice subcutaneously and histopathological examination was carried out in a period of 6 months. Results showed that at 2 weeks, cholesterin was replaced partly by granulation tissues. The majority of cells in the granulation tissues were macrophages and foreign body giant cells and the center consists of small amount of fibroblasts, collagen fibers and capillaries. At 3 months, more granulation tissue was observed compared to 2 weeks. Similar cells were observed, however, there were more fibroblasts, collagen bundles and capillaries present compared to 2 weeks. At 6 months, the cholesterin was mostly substituted by fibrous tissues consisting mainly of fibroblasts and collagen fibers with some macrophages and foreign body giant cells. Specifically, the outer part of the tissue consists of fibroblasts, collagen bundles and capillaries and the inner portion is filled with collagen bundles. Immunohistochemistry revealed that macrophages and foreign body giant cells were positive to GFP and CD68 although the fibroblasts and capillaries in the outer portion of cholesterol granulomas were GFP negative. Some spindle shape fibroblasts were also GFP positive. Immunofluorescent double staining revealed that cells lining the blood vessels were both positive to GFP and CD31 indicating that those were endothelial cells and were actually derived from the transplanted bone marrow cells. The results suggest that macrophages, foreign body giant cells as well as fibroblasts and capillary endothelial cells are bone marrow derived mesenchymal cells.
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Hard Tissue Research, Matsumoto Dental University Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Shiojiri, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Hard Tissue Research, Matsumoto Dental University Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Shiojiri, Japan; 4. Department of Oral Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Hard Tissue Research, Matsumoto Dental University Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Shiojiri, Japan.
authors.forename: Saeka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.affiliation: 2. Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidetsugu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsujigiwa
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Hard Tissue Research, Matsumoto Dental University Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Shiojiri, Japan.
authors.forename: Takanaga
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.affiliation: 3. Department of Oral Health Promotion, Matsumoto Dental University Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Shiojiri, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shoumura
authors.affiliation: 3. Department of Oral Health Promotion, Matsumoto Dental University Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Shiojiri, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Osuga
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Hard Tissue Research, Matsumoto Dental University Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Shiojiri, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromasa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Hard Tissue Research, Matsumoto Dental University Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Shiojiri, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawakami
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism*; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015745:Granuloma, Foreign-Body / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D008822:Mice, Transgenic
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Cell differentiation; Cholesterol granuloma; Green fluorescent protein (GFP); Immunohistochemistry