title: Parasympathetic nervous system activity predicts mood repair use and its effectiveness among adolescents with and without histories of major depression.
abstract: Depressive disorders that onset in the juvenile years have been linked to far-reaching adverse consequences, making it imperative to elucidate key mechanisms and contributory factors. Excessive use of regulatory responses that exacerbate sadness (maladaptive mood repair) or insufficient use of regulatory responses that reduce it (adaptive mood repair) may reflect behavioral mechanisms of depression risk. Cardiac vagal control, indexed by patterns of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), has received attention as a putative physiological risk factor for depression. Although mood repair and RSA are related, the nature of this relationship is not well characterized in the context of depression risk. Therefore, we tested alternative models of the relationships between RSA patterns (at rest and in response to a sad film), trait mood repair, and the effectiveness of a mood repair response in the laboratory (state mood repair) among adolescents with depression histories (n = 210) and emotionally healthy peers (n = 161). In our data, a mediation model best explained the association between the key constructs: Adolescents with normative RSA patterns exhibited lower levels of depression and trait maladaptive mood repair, and benefited more from instructed (state) mood repair in the laboratory. By contrast, adolescents with atypical RSA patterns exhibited higher levels of depression and dispositional maladaptive mood repair, which, in turn, mediated the relations of RSA patterns and depression symptoms. Atypical RSA patterns also predicted reduced benefits from laboratory mood repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Cleveland State University.
authors.forename: Ilya
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yaroslavsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of South Florida.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rottenberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Lauren M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Bylsma
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.
authors.forename: J Richard
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Jennings
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: George
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged.
authors.forename: Ildikó
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Baji
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged.
authors.forename: István
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Benák
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dochnal
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged.
authors.forename: Kitti
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Halas
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged.
authors.forename: Krisztina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kapornai
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged.
authors.forename: Enikő
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kiss
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged.
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Makai
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged.
authors.forename: Hedvig
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Varga
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged.
authors.forename: Ágnes
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Vetró
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kovacs
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D065809:Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia / Q000502:physiology