title: Pathogenesis of New Strains of Newcastle Disease Virus From Israel and Pakistan.
abstract: In the past few years, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains with epizootic characteristics belonging to subgenotypes VIIi and XIIIb emerged in the Middle East and Asia. In this study, 2 NDV strains-1 representative of subgenotype VIIi isolated in Israel (Kvuzat/13) and 1 representative of subgenotype XIIIb isolated in Pakistan (Karachi/07)-were characterized by intracerebral pathogenicity index and detailed clinicopathologic assessment. The intracerebral pathogenicity index values for Kvuzat/13 and Karachi/07 were 1.89 and 1.85, respectively, classifying these strains as virulent by international standards. In 4-week-old White Leghorn chickens, both strains caused 100% mortality within 4 (Kvuzat/13) and 5 (Karachi/07) days postinfection. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry for NDV nucleoprotein showed that both strains had wide systemic distribution, especially targeting lymphoid organs and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues in the respiratory and intestinal tracts. Results of the animal experiment confirm that both Kvuzat/13 and Karachi/07 are highly virulent and behaved as velogenic viscerotropic NDV strains.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, Nusa Cendana University, Kupang, Indonesia Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pandarangga
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Athens, GA, USA.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan, Israel.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haddas
authors.affiliation: University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Rehmani
authors.affiliation: Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Athens, GA, USA.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Afonso
authors.affiliation: Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Athens, GA, USA Current address: Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada lsusta@uoguelph.ca.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Susta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D007422:Intestines / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D007557:Israel; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D009698:Nucleoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010154:Pakistan; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D009698:Nucleoproteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; C409209:nucleoprotein, Newcastle disease virus
keywords: Newcastle disease virus; avian paramyxovirus serotype 1; chickens; fifth NDV panzootic; pathogenesis; pathogenicity; subgenotype VIIi; subgenotype XIIIb; velogenic viscerotropic NDV