title: [Para-infectious seizures: A retrospective multicentre study].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Para-infectious seizures are afebrile seizures that are associated with mild infections, and occur in children with no pre-existing neurological illness. They are still little known in our environment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multicentre retrospective study was conducted that included patients with normal psychomotor development and had presented with one or more seizures in the context of a mild afebrile infection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 38 patients (47% male, 53% female) were included in the study over a period of three years (2012-2015). The mean age was 2.1 years. A previous history of febrile seizures was found in 7.9% of them. Mean number of seizures per patient was 2.2, with 57.9% of them being tonic-clonic seizures. The mean duration of seizures was 3.2minutes. An EEG was performed during admission in 73.7% of cases. Lumbar punctures were performed in 34.2% of cases. All were normal. Neuroimaging tests were carried out in 36.9% of cases. Brain MRI was the imaging test performed in most cases (21.1%), with no any pathological findings. The most frequent infection found was acute gastroenteritis (68%), followed by upper respiratory tract infection (32%). Almost two-thirds (63.2%) of patients did not require anticonvulsant medication. Rectal diazepam was the most frequently used drug in emergencies. Intravenous medication was required by 28.9% of patients due to repeated seizures. The most frequently used drug in the non-emergency setting was valproic acid. Anticonvulsant treatment was continued after discharge in 16% of patients. Para-infectious seizures was the diagnosis in 76.3% of cases when discharged.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Knowledge of para-infectious seizures, their clinical diagnosis and benign course is crucial, as this would avoid further testing and unnecessary treatments.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, España. Electronic address: dconejo@saludcastillayleon.es.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Conejo Moreno
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario de León, León, España.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodríguez Fernández
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, España.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ruíz Ayúcar de la Vega
authors.affiliation: Hospital Santa Bárbara de Soria, Soria, España.
authors.forename: Saturnino
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ortiz Madinaveitia
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, España.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hedrera Fernández
authors.affiliation: Hospital Rio Carrión de Palencia, Palencia, España.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maldonado Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, España.
authors.forename: Aranzazu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hernández Fabian
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, España.
authors.forename: María Montesclaros
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Hortigüela Saeta
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, España.
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cancho Candela
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007239:Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012640:Seizures / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Afebrile seizure; Antiepileptic drug; Convulsión afebril; Crisis; Fármaco antiepiléptico; Gastroenteritis; Infección respiratoria; Para-infectious seizures; Respiratory infection; Rotavirus; Seizures