title: Structural insights of a PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor with the morpholino-triazine scaffold.
abstract: Stimulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which controls cell proliferation and growth, is often observed in cancer cell. Inhibiting both PI3K and mTOR in this pathway can switch off Akt activation and hence, plays a powerful role for modulating this pathway. PKI-587, a drug containing the structure of morpholino-triazines, shows a dual and nano-molar inhibition activity and is currently in clinical trial. To provide an insight into the mechanism of this dual inhibition, pharmacophore and QSAR models were developed in this work using compounds based on the morpholino-triazines scaffold, followed by a docking study. Pharmacophore model suggested the mechanism of the inhibition of PI3Kα and mTOR by the compounds were mostly the same, which was supported by the docking study showing similar docking modes. The analysis also suggested the importance of the flat plane shape of the ligands, the space surrounding the ligands in the binding pocket, and the slight difference in the shape of the binding sites between PI3Kα and mTOR.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA.
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.affiliation: National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA. ywang@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Yanli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20894, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Bryant
mesh_terms: D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008958:Models, Molecular; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D009025:Morpholines / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000737:chemistry*; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D021281:Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014227:Triazines / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D008024:Ligands; D009025:Morpholines; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D014227:Triazines; C549060:gedatolisib; C546842:MTOR protein, human; C484760:PIK3CA protein, human
keywords: 3D-QSAR; Docking; PI3K; PKI-587; Pharmacophore; mTOR