title: Interface Magnetoelectric Coupling in Co/Pb(Zr,Ti)O3.
abstract: Magnetoelectric coupling at multiferroic interfaces is a promising route toward the nonvolatile electric-field control of magnetization. Here, we use optical measurements to study the static and dynamic variations of the interface magnetization induced by an electric field in Co/PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 (Co/PZT) bilayers at room temperature. The measurements allow us to identify different coupling mechanisms. We further investigate the local electronic and magnetic structure of the interface by means of transmission electron microscopy, soft X-ray magnetic circular dichroism, and density functional theory to corroborate the coupling mechanism. The measurements demonstrate a mixed linear and quadratic optical response to the electric field, which results from a magneto-electro-optical effect. We propose a decomposition method of the optical signal to discriminate between different components involved in the electric field-induced polarization rotation of the reflected light. This allows us to extract a signal that we can ascribe to interface magnetoelectric coupling. The associated surface magnetization exhibits a clear hysteretic variation of odd symmetry with respect to the electric field and nonzero remanence. The interface coupling is remarkably stable over a wide frequency range (1-50 kHz), and the application of a bias magnetic field is not necessary for the coupling to occur. These results show the potential of exploiting interface coupling with the prospect of optimizing the performance of magnetoelectric memory devices in terms of stability, as well as fast and dissipationless operation.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, CNRS, and Université de Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess, F-67300 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Ondřej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vlašín
authors.affiliation: Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, CNRS, and Université de Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess, F-67300 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Romain
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jarrier
authors.affiliation: CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS , 29 rue Jeanne-Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Rémi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arras
authors.affiliation: CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS , 29 rue Jeanne-Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Lionel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Calmels
authors.affiliation: CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS , 29 rue Jeanne-Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Bénédicte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Warot-Fonrose
authors.affiliation: CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS , 29 rue Jeanne-Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marcelot
authors.affiliation: SP2M, Université Grenoble Alpes, INAC, and CEA , F-38000 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jamet
authors.affiliation: Synchrotron SOLEIL , L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette F-91192, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ohresser
authors.affiliation: Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, CNRS, and Université de Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess, F-67300 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Scheurer
authors.affiliation: Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, CNRS, and Université de Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess, F-67300 Strasbourg, France.|Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Wolfgang-Gaede-Str. 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hertel
authors.affiliation: Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC , Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra 08193, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Gervasi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Herranz
authors.affiliation: Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, CNRS, and Université de Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess, F-67300 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Salia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cherifi-Hertel
keywords: artificial multiferroics; electro-optic effect; interface-mediated coupling; magneto-optic effect; magnetoelectrics