title: Tg6F ameliorates the increase in oxidized phospholipids in the jejunum of mice fed unsaturated LysoPC or WD.
abstract: Mouse chow supplemented with lysophosphatidylcholine with oleic acid at sn-1 and a hydroxyl group at sn-2 (LysoPC 18:1) increased LysoPC 18:1 in tissue of the jejunum of LDL receptor (LDLR)-null mice by 8.9 ± 1.7-fold compared with chow alone. Western diet (WD) contained dramatically less phosphatidylcholine 18:1 or LysoPC 18:1 compared with chow, but feeding WD increased LysoPC 18:1 in the jejunum by 7.5 ± 1.4-fold compared with chow. Feeding LysoPC 18:1 or feeding WD increased oxidized phospholipids in the jejunum by 5.2 ± 3.0-fold or 8.6 ± 2.2-fold, respectively, in LDLR-null mice (P < 0.0004), and 2.6 ± 1.5-fold or 2.4 ± 0.92-fold, respectively, in WT C57BL/6J mice (P < 0.0001). Adding 0.06% by weight of a concentrate of transgenic tomatoes expressing the 6F peptide (Tg6F) decreased LysoPC 18:1 in the jejunum of LDLR-null mice on both diets (P < 0.0001), and prevented the increase in oxidized phospholipids in the jejunum in LDLR-null and WT mice on both diets (P < 0.008). Tg6F decreased inflammatory cells in the villi of the jejunum, decreased dyslipidemia, and decreased systemic inflammation in LDLR-null and WT mice on both diets. We conclude that Tg6F reduces diet-induced inflammation by reducing the content of unsaturated LysoPC and oxidized phospholipids in the jejunum of mice.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1736.
authors.forename: Arnab
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chattopadhyay
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1736.
authors.forename: Mohamad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Navab
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1736.
authors.forename: Greg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hough
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1736.
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Grijalva
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1736.
authors.forename: Pallavi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1736.
authors.forename: Hannah R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Fogelman
authors.affiliation: Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1736.
authors.forename: Lin H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1736.
authors.forename: Kym F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Faull
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1736 Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1736 Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1736.
authors.forename: Aldons J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Lusis
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1736 Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1736 Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1736 sreddy@mednet.ucla.edu.
authors.forename: Srinivasa T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1736.
authors.forename: Alan M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fogelman
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D066273:Diet, Western / Q000009:adverse effects*; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D020895:Enterocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D007583:Jejunum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D008244:Lysophosphatidylcholines / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C000622214:6F peptide; D008244:Lysophosphatidylcholines; D010455:Peptides; D010743:Phospholipids; D011973:Receptors, LDL
keywords: E06 antibody; Western diet; apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptides; atherosclerosis; lysophosphatidic acid; lysophosphatidylcholine; transgenic tomatoes expressing the 6F peptide