title: Recent trends in the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Korean adults: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1998 to 2013.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with aging, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and has become a public health burden worldwide.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the trends of CKD prevalence over a period of 16 years in Korean adults based on the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES): phase I (1998), II (2001), III (2005), IV (2007-09), V (2010-2012), and VI (2013). Of the 105,504 individuals aged over 20 years who participated in KNHANES I-VI, 55,191 (23,729 men and 31,462 women) were included in the present study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sequential percentage of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <60 ml/min/1.73 m2in KNHANES I-VI was 1.0, 4.2, 3.2, 1.9, 1.6, and 2.1 % in men and 3.6, 9.3, 10.4, 3.1, 1.6, and 2.0 % in women, respectively. The percentage of proteinuria ≥1+ in men rebounded after KNHANES V (3.1, 2.9, 2.8, 1.9, 1.1, and 1.7 % in KNHANES I-VI, respectively), but in women declined across all KNHANES reads (3.4, 2.3, 1.4, 1.6, 1.0, and 0.9 %, respectively). The prevalence of CKD rebounded after KNHANES V for men (3.9, 6.8, 5.5, 3.5, 2.4, and 3.5 % in KNHANES I-VI) while those in women decreased to a plateau level (6.6, 10.9, 11.4, 4.2, 2.4, and 2.4 % in KNHANES I-VI, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows that the prevalence of CKD in Korean adults has decreased overall, but since KNHANES V there has been a rebound in men while no changes in women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Seonam University, College of Medicine, Goyang-city, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.|Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea. kanght0818@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hee-Taik
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D015995:Prevalence; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Glomerular filtration rate; Obesity; Prevalence; Proteinuria