title: MR urography (MRU) of non-dilated ureter with diuretic administration: Static fluid 2D FSE T2-weighted versus 3D gadolinium T1-weighted GE excretory MR.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this prospective study was to compare the efficiency of two types of MRU after diuretic administration to identify the non-dilated ureter.
  
  
  METHODS
  MR pelvic examinations were performed in 126 patients after receiving furosemide. Each patient underwent in addition to their protocol for context, two types of MRU: 2D T2-weighted FSE (T2w-MRU) and 3D Gd T1-weighted GE (CE-MRU). Four segments were checked for each ureter. For the first part of the analysis, readers evaluated the whole image quality using a four points subjective scale and for the second part, they were asked to score separately each ureteral segment as present or absent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1008 ureteral segments were checked. For the image quality, readers did not find any significant difference (3.8 ± 0.5 vs 3.6 ± 0.7, p value: 0.13) between MRU methods. The interobserver agreement was excellent with a κ correlation coefficient as high as 0.89 for T2w-MRU and 0.92 for CE-MRU, respectively. For the detection of the segments and considering the 9 rotations for the T2W MRU, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  T2-weighted MRU with multiple orientations and diuretic is sufficient to identify the non-dilated ureter. It offers information on ureteral peristaltism. It can be suggested that this sequence is able to detect an initial obstruction before hydronephrosis occurs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology B, University Hospital of Strasbourg - New Civil Hospital, 1, place de l'hopital BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology B, University Hospital of Strasbourg - New Civil Hospital, 1, place de l'hopital BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohana
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology B, University Hospital of Strasbourg - New Civil Hospital, 1, place de l'hopital BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Ph
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Host
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology B, University Hospital of Strasbourg - New Civil Hospital, 1, place de l'hopital BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alemann
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology B, University Hospital of Strasbourg - New Civil Hospital, 1, place de l'hopital BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Labani
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology - University Hospital of Strasbourg - Hospital Hautepierre, 1, place de l'hopital BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wattiez
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital of Strasbourg - New Civil Hospital, 1, place de l'hôpital BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lang
keywords: 2D, two dimensional; 3D, three dimensional; Diuretics; FSE, fast spin echo; GE, gradient echo; Gd, gadolinium; MIP, maximum intensity projection; MRU, magnetic resonance imaging; Magnetic resonance imaging; Technology; Ureter; Urography