title: Crystal Structure of the LysY·LysW Complex from Thermus thermophilus.
abstract: Several bacteria and archaea utilize the amino group-carrier protein, LysW, for lysine biosynthesis, in which an isopeptide bond is formed between the C-terminal Glu of LysW and an amino group of α-aminoadipate (AAA). The resulting LysW-γ-AAA is phosphorylated by LysZ to form LysW-γ-AAA phosphate, which is subsequently reduced to LysW-γ-aminoadipic semialdehyde (LysW-γ-AASA) through a reaction catalyzed by LysY. In this study, we determined the crystal structures of LysY from Thermus thermophilus HB27 (TtLysY) complexed with TtLysW-γ-AASA and TtLysW-γ-AAA, respectively. In both structures, the globular domain of TtLysW was recognized by positively charged residues on helix α9 and the β11-α10 loop of TtLysY through conformational changes. A mutational analysis confirmed that the interactions observed between TtLysY and TtLysW are important for the function of TtLysY. The extended LysW recognition loop and conserved arginine residue were identified as signatures to discriminate LysY from ArgC, which is involved in arginine biosynthesis. Combined with the previously determined TtLysZ·TtLysW complex structure, TtLysW may simultaneously bind TtLysZ and TtLysY. These structural insights suggest the formation of a TtLysWZY ternary complex, in which the flexible C-terminal extension of TtLysW promotes the efficient transfer of the labile intermediate from the active site of TtLysZ to that of TtLysY during the sequential reactions catalyzed by TtLysZY.
authors.affiliation: From the Biotechnology Research Center, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: From the Biotechnology Research Center, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.affiliation: From the Biotechnology Research Center, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuzuyama
authors.affiliation: From the Biotechnology Research Center, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan umanis@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D020836:Protein Structure, Quaternary; D016963:Thermus thermophilus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes
keywords: amino acid; biosynthesis; carrier protein; crystal structure; protein-protein interaction; structure-function; thermophile