title: Optimization of methyl jasmonate and β-cyclodextrin for enhanced production of taraxerol and taraxasterol in (Taraxacum officinale Weber) cultures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Taraxacum officinale Weber (TO) commonly known as "dandelion", is a tropical Asian medicinal plant which contains taraxasterol (TX) and taraxerol (TA) in its roots, which are reported to be commercially important anticancer compounds.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the increase in yield of TX and TA through elicitation by addition of abiotic elictors like methyl jasmonate (MJ) and β-cyclodextrin (CD), to the root callus suspension cultures of TO.
  
  
  METHODS
  The root callus suspension was maintained on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium MS + IAA + BA + 2, 4-D (0.5 ppm + 1 ppm + 0.5 ppm). The concentrations of the abiotic elicitors MJ and CD were optimized using central composite design (CCD) and quantification of TA and TX in elicited cultures was done by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was observed that MJ at a concentration of 0.2 mM showed good increase in content of TX to 0.032% w/w and at concentrations 0.05 mM, 0.1 mM and 0.2 mM showed similar increase in TA content to 0.018% w/w, whereas CD at the concentration of 25 mM showed highest increase in TX content to 0.036% w/w and at the concentrations of 25 mM, 50 mM showed increase in TA content to 0.023% w/w as compared to the plant root (PR) which showed content of TX as 0.0299% w/w and TA as 0.0169% w/w.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From the present investigation it was concluded that out of the two abiotic elicitors MJ and CD, CD was found to be more effective to increase TA and TX content in Dandelion cell cultures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
authors.forename: Kiran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India. Electronic address: Rasheedzafar@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Rasheeduz
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zafar
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003470:Culture Media; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D036226:Seedlings / Q000737:chemistry; D013261:Sterols / Q000378:metabolism*; D031205:Taraxacum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D003470:Culture Media; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D054883:Oxylipins; D013261:Sterols; D014315:Triterpenes; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; C079988:taraxasterol; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; C072239:methyl jasmonate; C005802:taraxerol
keywords: Methyl jasmonate (MJ); RP-HPLC; Taraxacum officinale (TO); Taraxasterol (TX); Taraxerol (TA); β-Cyclodextrin (CD)