title: A Commercial Conducting Polymer as Both Binder and Conductive Additive for Silicon Nanoparticle-Based Lithium-Ion Battery Negative Electrodes.
abstract: This work describes silicon nanoparticle-based lithium-ion battery negative electrodes where multiple nonactive electrode additives (usually carbon black and an inert polymer binder) are replaced with a single conductive binder, in this case, the conducting polymer
  PSS. While enabling the production of well-mixed slurry-cast electrodes with high silicon content (up to 95 wt %), this combination eliminates the well-known occurrence of capacity losses due to physical separation of the silicon and traditional inorganic conductive additives during repeated lithiation/delithiation processes. Using an in situ secondary doping treatment of the
  PSS with small quantities of formic acid, electrodes containing 80 wt % SiNPs can be prepared with electrical conductivity as high as 4.2 S/cm. Even at the relatively high areal loading of 1 mg/cm(2), this system demonstrated a first cycle lithiation capacity of 3685 mA·h/g (based on the SiNP mass) and a first cycle efficiency of ∼78%. After 100 repeated cycles at 1 A/g this electrode was still able to store an impressive 1950 mA·h/g normalized to Si mass (∼75% capacity retention), corresponding to 1542 mA·h/g when the capacity is normalized by the total electrode mass. At the maximum electrode thickness studied (∼1.5 mg/cm(2)), a high areal capacity of 3 mA·h/cm(2) was achieved. Importantly, these electrodes are based on commercially available components and are produced by the standard slurry coating methods required for large-scale electrode production. Hence, the results presented here are highly relevant for the realization of commercial LiB negative electrodes that surpass the performance of current graphite-based negative electrode systems.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) & Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.|School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Higgins
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) & Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.|School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Sang-Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) & Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.|Efficient Energy Transfer Deptmartment, Bell Labs Research , Nokia, Blanchardstown Business & Technology Park, Snugborough Road, Dublin 15, Ireland.
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: King
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) & Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.|School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Chuanfang John
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) & Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.|School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Niall
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: McEvoy
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) & Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.|School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Nina C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Berner
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) & Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.|School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Dermot
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Daly
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) & Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.|School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Aleksey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shmeliov
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) & Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.|School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Umar
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) & Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.|School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Duesberg
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) & Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.|School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nicolosi
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) & Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.|School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Jonathan N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Coleman
keywords: PEDOT:PSS; anode; battery; binder; conducting additive; conducting polymer; negative electrode; silicon