title: Beneficiation and recovery of indium from liquid-crystal-display glass by hydrometallurgy.
abstract: Considering indium scarcity, the end-of-life (EOL) LCD, which accounts for up to 90% of market share can be a feasible secondary resource upon successful recycling. In the preferred hydrometallurgical process of such critical metals, leaching is the essential primary and essential phase has been investigated. In this process, LCD was mechanically separated along with other parts from EOL TVs through a smartly engineered process developed at our institute, Institute for Advanced Engineering (IAE), the Republic of Korea. After removing plastics and metals from the LCD, it was mechanically shredded for size reduction. The mechanically shredded LCD waste was leached with HCl for recovery of indium. Possible leaching parameters such as; effect of acid concentration, pulp density, temperature and effect of oxidant H2O2concentration were investigated to identify the best conditions for indium extraction. Indium (76.16×10-3g/L) and tin (10.24×10-3g/L) leaching was achieved at their optimum condition, i.e. lixiviant of 5M HCl, a pulp density of 500g/L, temperature 75°C, agitation speed of 400rpm and time for 120min. At optimum condition the glass, plastic and the valuable metal indium have completely been separated. From indium enriched leach liquor, indium can be purified and recovered through hydrometallurgy.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Advanced Engineering, Advanced Materials & Processing Center, Yongin 449-863, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: swain@iae.re.kr.
authors.forename: Basudev
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Swain
authors.affiliation: Institute for Advanced Engineering, Advanced Materials & Processing Center, Yongin 449-863, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chinmayee
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.affiliation: Sungshin University, Dept. of Interdisciplinary ECO Science, Seoul 142-732, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Seon
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Institute for Advanced Engineering, Advanced Materials & Processing Center, Yongin 449-863, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D059029:Electronic Waste; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D007204:Indium / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007700:Kinetics; D050866:Liquid Crystals; D008669:Metallurgy / Q000379:methods; D010969:Plastics; D059027:Recycling / Q000379:methods*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D010969:Plastics; D007204:Indium; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide
keywords: Indium recovery; Indium–tin–oxide; LCD recycling; Recycling; Waste management