title: Intracanal Antibiotic Medication for Sustained Root Surface Disinfection-A Laboratory Evaluation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the release of an antibiotic mixture of ciprofloxacin, cerfuroxim and metronidazole (TreVitaMix, TVM) through human dentine and to assess the growth inhibition of Fusobacterium nucleatum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four extracted human incisors were scaled and endodontically treated. Root canals were either filled with antibiotic tri-mixture (TVM) or with the carrier material alone (propylene glycol, PG) and were coronally and apically sealed with a flowable composite. Transradicular medicament release was spectrophotometrically measured at 277 nm in simulated body fluid for up to 21 days. In a second part, an agar diffusion assay (F. nucleatum) with representative TVM concentrations as determined in the first part was performed to study the growth inhibition. Samples were anaerobical incubated for 48 h and inhibition zones were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TVM was spectrophotometrically detectable in the immersion solution and released in decreasing concentrations up to 21 days (222.5 ± 65.2 mg/ml at day 1 and 35.1 ± 15.6 mg/ml at day 21). In addition, inhibition zones were shown in the agar diffusion assay at representative TVM concentrations. The carrier material showed no antibacterial effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TVM showed the potential to penetrate through dentine and to inhibit bacterial growth. Therefore, it might have the potential to disinfect the outer root surface in perio-endo lesions, but further research is needed to confirm these observations.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Markus Tobias Winfried
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Zaruba
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Tilla
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Filli
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Dan-Krister
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Rechenberg
authors.affiliation: Section for Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Oral Biology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Thurnheer
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Attin
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Patrick Roger
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Schmidlin
keywords: Agar diffusion; TreVitaMix.; bacteria; dentine; perio-endo lesion