title: Relationship Between the Apolipoprotein E Genotype and LDL Particle Size in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with dyslipidemia and increased cardiovascular risk. We assessed the effects of apolipoprotein E ( APOE) genotype on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particle size and lipid subclasses (separated by gradient gel electrophoresis) in patients with OSA. Stable patients (n = 181) prospectively recruited underwent full polysomnography. Both LDL particle size and LDL I proportion were reduced from ∊3∊3 homozygotes to ∊2 carriers and to ∊4 carriers (analysis of variance: P = .024; P = .040, respectively); carriers of the ∊4 allele of the APOE genotype had significantly lower LDL particle size and LDL I proportion compared to ∊3∊3 homozygotes ( P < .05 for both comparisons). Insulin resistance increased from patients with no OSA to those with mild-moderate and to those with severe OSA ( P < .001). In multivariate analysis, LDL size was independently predicted by APOE genotype, male gender, and the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS; P = .001, P = .020, P = .027, respectively). The HDL particle size was not affected by APOE genotype. Our data demonstrate that both the ∊4 APOE genotype and MetS are independently related to smaller LDL size in patients with OSA.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vekic
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Respiratory Medicine and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia.|3 Department of Respiratory Medicine and Tuberculosis, L. Pasteur University Hospital, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Pavol
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Joppa
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Viera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Habalova
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Respiratory Medicine and Tuberculosis, L. Pasteur University Hospital, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Radovan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tisko
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zeljkovic
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Respiratory Medicine and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia.|3 Department of Respiratory Medicine and Tuberculosis, L. Pasteur University Hospital, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Pavol
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pobeha
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gojkovic
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Vesna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Spasojevic-Kalimanovska
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Respiratory Medicine and Tuberculosis, L. Pasteur University Hospital, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Zuzana
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Strbova
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Respiratory Medicine and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Zuzana
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kuklisova
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Slaba
authors.affiliation: 5 DIBIMIS, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.|6 Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Manfredi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Respiratory Medicine and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia.|3 Department of Respiratory Medicine and Tuberculosis, L. Pasteur University Hospital, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Ruzena
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tkacova
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006580:Genetic Carrier Screening; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010316:Particle Size; D017286:Polysomnography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: C000612345:ApoE protein, human; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL
keywords: APOE gene polymorphism; HDL subclasses; dense LDL; metabolic syndrome; obstructive sleep apnea; small