title: Serum nitric oxide is associated with the risk of chronic kidney disease in women: Tehran lipid and glucose study.
abstract: Background and aim This study was conducted to investigate the association between serum nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods We recruited 3462 and 2504 participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS), for a cross-sectional and prospective analysis, respectively. Serum NOx concentrations were measured at baseline (2006-2008), and demographics, anthropometrics and biochemical variables were evaluated at baseline and again after 3 years (2009-2011). Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and CKD were defined. Association between serum NOx and CKD in the cross-sectional phase and the predictability of NOx in CKD occurrence were assessed using multivariable logistic regression models with adjustment for confounders. Results Mean age of participants was 45.0 ± 15.9 years at baseline and 40.5% were male. The prevalence of CKD was 17.9% (13.4% in men, 21.0% in women) at baseline, at which point, marginally significant odds of CKD in the highest tertile of serum NOx in men (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 0.96-2.45, p for trend = 0.047) and a significant odds of CKD in women (OR = 2.48, 95% CI = 1.76-3.49, p for trend = 0.001) were observed. After a 3-year follow-up, in women, risk of CKD was higher in the highest compared to the lowest NOx tertiles (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.10-3.14, p for trend = 0.032) but no significant association was observed in men. Conclusion Serum NOx level was found to be an independent predictor of CKD in women; it could be a valuable surrogate for prediction of renal dysfunction in women and help to identify high-risk subjects.
authors.affiliation: a Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center , Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran ;
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bahadoran
authors.affiliation: b Department of Clinical Nutrition and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology , National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran ;
authors.forename: Parvin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mirmiran
authors.affiliation: a Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center , Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran ;
authors.forename: Zhale
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tahmasebi Nejad
authors.affiliation: c Endocrine Physiology Research Center , Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran ;
authors.forename: Asghar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghasemi
authors.affiliation: d Endocrine Research Center , Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Fereidoun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Azizi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D056808:Biostatistics; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D003124:Colorimetry; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013053:Spectrophotometry
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008055:Lipids; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D005949:Glucose Oxidase
keywords: Nitric oxide; chronic kidney disease; estimated glomerular filtration rate; nitric oxide metabolites