title: Effects of candesartan cilexetil and amlodipine orotate on receptor for advanced glycation end products expression in the aortic wall of Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OETFF) type 2 diabetic rats.
abstract: The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) plays a key role in the development of vascular inflammation and acceleration of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes. We investigated the effect of candesartan cilexetil (CDRT) and amlodipine orotate (AMDP) on the expression of RAGE in the aortic walls of Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats and AGE-treated endothelial cells. Twenty five-week-old OLETF rats were randomized to 8 week treatments consisting of CDRT (n = 8), AMDP (n = 8) or saline (control, n = 8). Immunohistochemical and dihydroethidine staining revealed reduced RAGE and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signals in rats treated with CDRT or AMDP compared with control rats. Both CDRT and AMDP suppressed the expression of p22phox and p47phox NADPH oxidase subunits. However, only CDRT significantly reduced expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated kinase (pERK)1/2 in the aortic wall of OLETF rats. In addition, both drugs reduced RAGE expression and total and mitochondrial ROS production in the AGE-treated endothelial cells. Both ARBs and CCBs reduced RAGE expression in the aortic walls of OLETF rats, which was attributed to decreased ROS production through inhibition of NADPH oxidase. In addition, only CDRT reduced aortic expression of RAGE via suppression of the ERK1/2 pathway unlike AMDP.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Kyu
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Woo-Baek
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seul-Ki
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ok-Ran
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea. heartihmsh@yahoo.co.kr.|Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 327 Sosa-ro, Wonmi-gu, Buchon-Si, Gyeonggi-do, 14647, Republic of Korea. heartihmsh@yahoo.co.kr.
authors.forename: Sang-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ihm
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kiyuk
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ki-Bae
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Seung
mesh_terms: D017311:Amlodipine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: C000593874:Ager protein, rat; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D013777:Tetrazoles; D017311:Amlodipine; C077793:candesartan cilexetil
keywords: Advanced glycation end products; Angiotensin receptor blockers; Calcium channel blockers; Diabetes mellitus; Receptor for advanced glycation end products