title: Effect of intravitreal dexamethasone implant on retinal and choroidal thickness in refractory diabetic macular oedema after multiple anti-VEGF injections.
abstract: AimsTo investigate the effect of intravitreal dexamethasone implant (IVD) on central foveal thickness (CFT), choroidal thickness (CT) and its correlation with visual acuity in eyes with refractory diabetic macular oedema (DMO).MethodsThis was a retrospective interventional case-series. Thirty-five eyes of 35 patients were treated with a single injection of IVD because of refractory DMO with CFT over 300 μm, and persistent intraretinal and subretinal fluid despite of multiple intravitreal bevacizumab injections. Patients were followed-up for 6 months for the evaluation of CFT and subfoveal CT by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.ResultsAll eyes (mean age: 59.4±12.35 years; 18 males, 17 females) had been previously treated with multiple bevacizumab injections and showed persistent DMO (mean number of injections 4.08±2.98) The preoperative logMAR BCVA was 0.49±0.24, which gradually improved to 0.46±0.32 at 6 months (P=0.652) and 26% gained two or more lines of Snellen visual acuity. At baseline, the mean CFT was 526.29±123.48 μm, which significantly improved to 316.15±100.09 μm at 3 months (P<0.001). However, CFT deteriorated to 457.07±136.53 μm at 6 months (P=0.051). Similarly, the mean preoperative subfoveal CT was 288.91±36.47 μm and it decreased to 266.85±30.93 μm at 3 months (P<0.01), but increased to 278.63±32.55 μm at 6 months (P=0.137). The reduction of CFT from baseline showed significant correlation with that of subfoveal CT at 3 months (P=0.041) and at 6 months (P=0.008).ConclusionsIn DMO refractory to multiple bevacizumab injections, IVD significantly reduced CFT and subfoveal CT, with BCVA improvement in one-fourth of the patients. The reduction of CFT showed significant correlation with reduction of subfoveal CT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068258:Bevacizumab / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002829:Choroid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004343:Drug Implants; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size; D012160:Retina / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D019233:Retreatment; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D004343:Drug Implants; D005938:Glucocorticoids; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D003907:Dexamethasone