title: Evaluation of the Usability of Selected Questionnaires Assessing Physical Activity in the Prophylaxis of Cardiovascular Diseases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The main health problem of the Polish population is posed by cardiovascular diseases (CDVD), coronary artery disease (CAD) in particular. Respectively higher physical activity linked with energy expenditure of at least 1000 kcal/week may significantly reduce the risk of CAD development. The protective effect of exercise applies not only to persons from high-risk groups and with diagnosed chronic diseases that increase the risk of the incidence of atherosclerosis and its complications, but also to healthy individuals.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the usability of the Seven-Day Physical Activity Recall (SDPAR) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) in research on the correlation between physical activity and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  A screening survey, conducted in 2012, included students (n = 340) of the Division of the Academy of Physical Education in Biała Podlaska, aged 18-29 years. Total cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose levels were analyzed, and arterial blood pressure and heart rate were measured. The physical activity of the students was estimated using IPAQ and SDPAR questionnaires. The effect of physical activity on the biochemical blood markers, arterial blood pressure and heart rate was analyzed in groups differing in weekly energy expenditure (WEE).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Along with increasing WEE values, calculated with IPAQ and SDPAR questionnaires, tangible descending tendencies were observed in cholesterol concentration in both genders. Significant differences were demonstrated in mean values of the resting heart rate between terciles of women ranked according to the increasing WEE values calculated using IPAQ (p < 0.05) and SDPAR (p < 0.01). Significant (p < 0.05) negative correlations were demonstrated only between the heart rate of women and WEE value calculated with IPAQ (r = -0.223) and SDPAR (r = -0.238).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Beneficial changes were observed in the blood lipid profile and in mean resting heart rate values as affected by the higher energy expenditure. The IPAQ and SDPAR may be applied to assess the level of physical activity; however the SDPAR seems to be a more useful tool in CDVD prevention screening.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Mazovia Innovative Higher School, Siedlce, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Czeczelewska
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Division of the Academy of Physical Education, Biała Podlaska, Poland.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Czeczelewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology and Anthropomotorics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Division of the Academy of Physical Education, Biała Podlaska, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wasiluk
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology and Anthropomotorics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Division of the Academy of Physical Education, Biała Podlaska, Poland.
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saczuk
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D062186:Arterial Pressure; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D009043:Motor Activity; D011044:Poland; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol