title: Timely Diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury Using Kinetic eGFR and the Creatinine Excretion to Production Ratio, E/eG - Creatinine Can Be Useful!
abstract: Post transplant repeated measurements of urine volume and serum creatinine (sCr) are used to assess kidney function. Under non-steady state conditions, repeated measurement of sCr allows calculation of the kinetic estimated GFR (KeGFR). Additional measurement of urinary creatinine allows the calculation of the creatinine excretion to (estimated) production ratio (E/eG). We hypothesized that post-transplant KeGFR and E/eG would predict delayed graft function (DGF), as early as 4 h and outperform a validated clinical model at 12 h. This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively acquired data in a study of 56 recipients of deceased-donor kidney transplant. We assessed predictive performance with the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) and the added value to a clinical model with integrated discrimination improvement analysis. At 4 h, the AUC for E/eG was 0.87 (95% CI 0.77-0.96) and for KeGFR 0.69 (95% CI 0.56-0.83). Both E/eG and KeGFR improved the risk prediction of a clinical model for DGF by 32 and 18%, and for non-DGF by 17 and 10%, respectively. While E/eG had better predictive performance of DGF than KeGFR, KeGFR might also facilitate perioperative management including drug dosing after kidney transplantation. Together these measurements may facilitate the possibility of conducting trials of early intervention to ameliorate the adverse effects of ischaemia-reperfusion injury on long-term DGF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Zoltán H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Endre
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Pianta
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Pickering
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury; D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000652:urine; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000652:urine*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000652:urine; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D003404:Creatinine