title: Association between secondary thrombocytosis and viral respiratory tract infections in children.
abstract: Secondary thrombocytosis (ST) is frequently observed in children with a variety of clinical conditions. The leading cause of ST is respiratory tract infection (RTI) in children. Nasopharyngeal aspirate samples were collected and assessed for common respiratory viruses. The relationships between virus infections and secondary thrombocytosis were analyzed retrospectively. The blood platelet count and the presence of respiratory viruses were determined for 3156 RTI patients, and 817 (25.9%) cases with platelet ≥500 × 10(9)/L were considered as the thrombocytosis group. Compared with the normal group, the detection rates of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human rhinovirus (HRV) were significantly higher in the thrombocytosis group (P = 0.017 and 0.042, respectively). HRV single infection was a risk factor associated with thrombocytosis [odds ratio (OR) = 1.560, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.108-2.197]. Furthermore, ST was more likely to occur in younger patients who had clinical manifestations of wheezing and dyspnea and who had been diagnosed with bronchiolitis. Furthermore, the course of disease lasted longer in these patients. ST is associated with viral respiratory tract infections, especially RSV and HRV infections. HRV single infection is a risk factor associated with thrombocytosis.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Shou-Yan
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Qiu-Yan
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Hong
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Luo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Dai-Yin
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Zheng-Xiu
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: Ai-Long
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: En-Mei
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010976:Platelet Count; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D012229:Rhinovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D013922:Thrombocytosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*