title: A Multichannel Recording System with Optical Stimulation for Closed-Loop Optogenetic Experiments.
abstract: Selective perturbation of the activity of specific cell types in the brain tissue is essential in understanding the function of neuronal circuits involved in cognition and behavior and might also provide therapeutic neuromodulation strategies. Such selective neuronal addressing can be achieved through the optical activation of light-sensitive proteins called opsins that are expressed in specific cell populations through genetic methods-hence the name "optogenetics." In optogenetic experiments, the electrical activity of the targeted cell populations is optically triggered and monitored using arrays of microelectrodes. In closed-loop studies, the optical stimulation parameters are adjusted based on the recorded activity, ideally in real time. Here we describe the basic tools and the protocols allowing closed-loop optogenic experiments in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium. carmen.bartic@fys.kuleuven.be.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bartic
authors.affiliation: Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud Universiteit, Geert Grooteplein Noord 21, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Francesco P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Battaglia
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium.
authors.forename: Thoa T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud Universiteit, Geert Grooteplein Noord 21, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Henrique
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cabral
authors.affiliation: Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud Universiteit, Geert Grooteplein Noord 21, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Zaneta
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Navratilova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000075402:Channelrhodopsins; D004867:Equipment Design; D008839:Microelectrodes; D055100:Optical Fibers; D062308:Optogenetics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D012984:Software
chemical_list: D000075402:Channelrhodopsins
keywords: Closed-loop; Multichannel recordings; Optic fibers; Optical stimulation; Spike-sorting; Tetrode