title: Analysis of National Institutes of Health Funding to Departments of Urology.
abstract: To elucidate the current portfolio of National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding to departments of urology at U.S. medical schools.
  
  
  
  The NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools Expenditures and Results was used to generate a comprehensive analysis of NIH research grants awarded to urology departments during 2014. Costs, mechanisms, and institutes were summarized with descriptive statistics. Demographic data were obtained for principal investigators and project abstracts were categorized by research type and area. Fiscal totals were calculated for 2005-2014 and compared with other surgical departments during 2014.
  
  
  
  One hundred one investigators at 36 urology departments received $55,564,952 in NIH funding during 2014. NIH-funded investigators were predominately male (79%) and PhD scientists (52%). Funding totals did not vary by terminal degree or sex, but increased with higher academic rank (P < .001). The National Cancer Institute (54.7%) and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (32.2%) supported the majority of NIH-funded urologic research. The R01 grant accounted for 41.0% of all costs. The top 3 NIH-funded clinical areas were urologic oncology (62.1%), urinary tract infection (8.8%), and neurourology (7.6%). A minority of costs supported clinical research (12.9%). In 2014, urology had the least number of NIH grants relative to general surgery, ophthalmology, obstetrics & gynecology, otolaryngology, and orthopedic surgery.
  
  
  
  NIH funding to urology departments lags behind awards to departments of other surgical disciplines. Future interventions may be warranted to increase NIH grant procurement in urology.
authors.affiliation: The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Silvestre
authors.affiliation: The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
authors.forename: Divyansh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. Electronic address: david.lee@uphs.upenn.edu.
authors.forename: David I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000191:economics*; D009316:National Institutes of Health (U.S.) / Q000191:economics*; D012577:Schools, Medical / Q000191:economics*; D014481:United States; D014572:Urology / Q000191:economics*