title: In vitro activities of five antifungal agents against 199 clinical and environmental isolates of Aspergillus flavus, an opportunistic fungal pathogen.
abstract: Aspergillus flavus is the second leading cause of invasive and non-invasive aspergillosis, as well as the most common cause of fungal sinusitis, cutaneous infections, and endophthalmitis in tropical countries. Since resistance to antifungal agents has been observed in patients, susceptibility testing is helpful in defining the activity spectrum of antifungals and determining the appropriate drug for treatment. A collection of 199 clinical and environmental strains of Aspergillus flavus consisted of clinical (n=171) and environmental (n=28) were verified by DNA sequencing of the partial b-tubulin gene. MICs of amphotericin B, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and MEC of caspofungin were determined in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M38-A2 document. Caspofungin, followed by posaconazole, exhibited the lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). All isolates had caspofungin MEC90 (0.063μg/ml) lower than the epidemiologic cutoff values, and 3.5% of the isolates had amphotericin B MIC higher than the epidemiologic cutoff values. However, their clinical effectiveness in the treatment of A. flavus infection remains to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Department of medical mycology and parasitology, Kurdistan university of medical science, Sanandaj, Iran; Division of molecular biology, department of medical mycology and parasitology, school of public health, Tehran university of medical science, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khodavaisy
authors.affiliation: Department of medical mycology and parasitology, antimicrobial resistance research center (ARRC), Mazandaran university of medical science, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Badali
authors.affiliation: Division of molecular biology, department of medical mycology and parasitology, school of public health, Tehran university of medical science, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.affiliation: Department of medical mycology and parasitology, Kurdistan university of medical science, Sanandaj, Iran.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aala
authors.affiliation: Department of medical mycology and parasitology, Kashan university of medical science, Kashan, Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nazeri
authors.affiliation: Department of medical microbiology, faculty of medicine, Yasouj university of medical sciences, Yasouj, Iran.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nouripour-Sisakht
authors.affiliation: Department of medical mycology and parasitology, faculty of medicine, Iran university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Sorkherizi
authors.affiliation: Student research committee, Mazandaran university of medical sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Amirizad
authors.affiliation: Student research committee, Mazandaran university of medical sciences, Sari, Iran.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aslani
authors.affiliation: Division of molecular biology, department of medical mycology and parasitology, school of public health, Tehran university of medical science, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: srezaie@sina.tums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rezaie
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000382:microbiology; D001231:Aspergillus flavus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D000077336:Caspofungin; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects; D054714:Echinocandins / Q000494:pharmacology; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D055666:Lipopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D065819:Voriconazole / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D054714:Echinocandins; D055666:Lipopeptides; D014230:Triazoles; D017964:Itraconazole; C101425:posaconazole; D000666:Amphotericin B; D000077336:Caspofungin; D065819:Voriconazole
keywords: Antifungal drugs; Aspergillus flavus; In vitro susceptibility; Médicaments antifongiques; Sensibilité in vitro