title: Interaction of CD38 Variant and Chronic Interpersonal Stress Prospectively Predicts Social Anxiety and Depression Symptoms Over Six Years.
abstract: Variation in the CD38 gene, which regulates secretion of the neuropeptide oxytocin, has been associated with several social phenotypes. Specifically, rs3796863 A allele carriers have demonstrated increased social sensitivity. In 400 older adolescents, we used trait-state-occasion modeling to investigate how rs3796863 genotype, baseline ratings of chronic interpersonal stress, and their gene-environment (GxE) interaction predicted trait social anxiety and depression symptoms over six years. We found significant GxE effects for CD38 A-carrier genotypes and chronic interpersonal stress at baseline predicting greater social anxiety and depression symptoms. A significant GxE effect of smaller magnitude was also found for C/C genotype and chronic interpersonal stress predicting greater depression; however, this effect was small compared to the main effect of chronic interpersonal stress. Thus, in the context of chronic interpersonal stress, heightened social sensitivity associated with the rs3796863 A allele may prospectively predict risk for social anxiety and (to a lesser extent) depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Benjamin A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Tabak
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vrshek-Schallhorn
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL; The Family Institute at Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Zinbarg
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Loyola University Maryland, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Jason M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Prenoveau
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mineka
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University.
authors.forename: Eva E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Redei
authors.affiliation: School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University; Cells to Society Center, Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University.
authors.forename: Emma K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Michelle G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Craske
keywords: CD38; depression; gene-environment interaction; interpersonal stress; oxytocin; social anxiety; trait-state-occasion modeling