title: A Cultural Paradigm--Learning by Observing and Pitching In.
abstract: We discuss Learning by Observing and Pitching In (LOPI) as a cultural paradigm that provides an interesting alternative to Assembly-Line Instruction for supporting children's learning. Although LOPI may occur in all communities, it appears to be especially prevalent in many Indigenous and Indigenous-heritage communities of the Americas. We explain key features of this paradigm, previewing the chapters of this volume, which examine LOPI as it occurs in the lives of families and communities. In this introductory chapter, we focus especially on one feature of the paradigm that plays an important role in its uptake and maintenance in families, institutions, and communities-the nature of assessment. We consider the power of the dominant paradigm and the challenges in making paradigm shifts.
authors.affiliation: University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA. Electronic address: brogoff@ucsc.edu.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rogoff
authors.affiliation: ITESO University, Guadalajara, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rebeca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mejía-Arauz
authors.affiliation: California State University, Long Beach.
authors.forename: Maricela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Correa-Chávez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001288:Attention; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003142:Communication; D062309:Community Integration; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D004991:Ethics, Institutional; D005195:Family Relations / Q000523:psychology; D005246:Feedback; D006379:Helping Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007207:Individuation; D007223:Infant; D009042:Motivation; D044382:Population Groups / Q000523:psychology*; D000067570:Social Learning; D012944:Social Support; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Assembly-Line Instruction; Assessment; Childhood; Development; Indigenous; LOPI; Learning; Learning by Observing and Pitching In; Paradigm; Paradigm shift