title: Serum S100B Is Related to Illness Duration and Clinical Symptoms in Schizophrenia-A Meta-Regression Analysis.
abstract: S100B has been linked to glial pathology in several psychiatric disorders. Previous studies found higher S100B serum levels in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls, and a number of covariates influencing the size of this effect have been proposed in the literature. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis on alterations of serum S100B in schizophrenia in comparison with healthy control subjects. The meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement to guarantee a high quality and reproducibility. With strict inclusion criteria 19 original studies could be included in the quantitative meta-analysis, comprising a total of 766 patients and 607 healthy control subjects. The meta-analysis confirmed higher values of the glial serum marker S100B in schizophrenia if compared with control subjects. Meta-regression analyses revealed significant effects of illness duration and clinical symptomatology, in particular the total score of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), on serum S100B levels in schizophrenia. In sum, results confirm glial pathology in schizophrenia that is modulated by illness duration and related to clinical symptomatology. Further studies are needed to investigate mechanisms and mediating factors related to these findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schümberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Maryna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Polyakova
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Magdeburg Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Johann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzig, Germany; Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University of LeipzigLeipzig, Germany; LIFE-Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of LeipzigLeipzig, Germany; German Consortium for Frontotemporal Lobar DegenerationUlm, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Schroeter
keywords: S100B; glia; meta-analysis; schizophrenia; serum marker