title: Radiative flux and forcing parameterization error in aerosol-free clear skies.
abstract: Radiation parameterizations in GCMs are more accurate than their predecessorsErrors in estimates of 4 ×CO2forcing are large, especially for solar radiationErrors depend on atmospheric state, so global mean error is unknown.
authors.affiliation: Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder Boulder Colorado USA; Physical Sciences Division NOAA/Earth System Research Lab Boulder Colorado USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0016-3470
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pincus
authors.affiliation: Atmospheric and Environmental Research Lexington Massachusetts USA.
authors.forename: Eli J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Mlawer
authors.affiliation: Earth Science Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt Maryland USA.
authors.forename: Lazaros
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Oreopoulos
authors.affiliation: Goddard Institute for Space Studies New York New York USA.
authors.forename: Andrew S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Ackerman
authors.affiliation: CNRS/IPSL/LMD, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris France; Korea Institute of Atmospheric Prediction Systems Seoul Korea.
authors.forename: Sunghye
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.affiliation: Meteorological Institute University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany.
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brath
authors.affiliation: Meteorological Institute University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan A
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6389-1160
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Buehler
authors.affiliation: Atmospheric and Environmental Research Lexington Massachusetts USA.
authors.forename: Karen E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Cady-Pereira
authors.affiliation: Canadian Center Climate Modelling and Analysis Environment Canada Victoria British Columbia Canada.
authors.forename: Jason N S
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.affiliation: CNRS/IPSL/LMD, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris France.
authors.forename: Jean-Louis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Dufresne
authors.affiliation: Goddard Institute for Space Studies New York New York USA; Trinnovim LLC New York New York USA.
authors.forename: Maxwell
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kelley
authors.affiliation: Canadian Center Climate Modelling and Analysis Environment Canada Victoria British Columbia Canada.
authors.forename: Jiangnan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Met Office Exeter UK.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manners
authors.affiliation: NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton New Jersey USA.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Paynter
authors.affiliation: Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques-GAME, Météo-France and CNRS Toulouse France.
authors.forename: Romain
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roehrig
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Electronics and Mechanical Engineering Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Tokyo Japan.
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sekiguchi
authors.affiliation: NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton New Jersey USA.
authors.forename: Daniel M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Schwarzkopf
keywords: Parameterization; Radiation; Radiative forcing