title: Physical activity, body composition and general health status of physically active students of the University of the Third Age (U3A).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate general health status of a group of older adults, physically active students of the University of the Third Age (U3A), based on results of biochemical analyses of blood, assessment of their physical activity (PA) level, body composition and cognitive function with respect to age and sex.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 104 students (85 women and 19 men, aged 63.7±6.6 y) of the U3A's located in the Upper Silesia region of Poland volunteered to participate in this study. A habitual PA level and body composition were objectively assessed by using ActiGraph GT1M and InBody 720, respectively. Serum lipid profile and glucose metabolism markers were measured for assessment of cardiovascular disease risk factors. Moreover, subjects' cognitive functions were tested.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most of the study participants reached the daily step goal of 10,000 steps and thus fulfilled the ACSM recommendations for the quantity and quality of cardiorespiratory exercise. Highly negative correlations between the number of steps per day and body adiposity markers, serum insulin and HOMA-IR confirmed that vigorous physical activity at the recommended level was associated with better body composition and lower levels of risk markers of coronary heart disease and diabetes. Most of the U3A students were characterized by a favorable lipid profile, prevalence of normal blood pressure, low rates of HOMA-estimated insulin resistance and normal cognitive function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adherence to ACSM recommendations is associated with beneficial changes in risk factors related to cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Mikołowska 72a, 40-065 Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: Izabela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zając-Gawlak
authors.affiliation: The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Mikołowska 72a, 40-065 Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: Dariusz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pośpiech
authors.affiliation: University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Chodakowska 19/31, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kroemeke
authors.affiliation: International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, 4 Ks. Trojdena Street, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mossakowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural Sciences in Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Tř. Míru 115, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Aleš
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gába
authors.affiliation: Center for Kinanthropology Research, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Tř. Míru 115, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pelclová
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural Sciences in Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Tř. Míru 115, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Miroslava
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Přidalová
authors.affiliation: The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Mikołowska 72a, 40-065 Katowice, Poland. Electronic address: b.klapcinska@awf.katowice.pl.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kłapcińska
mesh_terms: D056044:Actigraphy; D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D017097:Electric Impedance; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D013334:Students; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
keywords: Bioelectrical impedance analysis; Cognitive function; Lipid ratios; Physical activity; Trunk actigraphy; Visceral fat area