title: Ultrasound enhances lipase-catalyzed synthesis of poly (ethylene glutarate).
abstract: The present work explores the best conditions for the enzymatic synthesis of poly (ethylene glutarate) for the first time. The start-up materials are the liquids; diethyl glutarate and ethylene glycol diacetate, without the need of addition of extra solvent. The reactions are catalyzed by lipase B from Candida antarctica immobilized on glycidyl methacrylate-ter-divinylbenzene-ter-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate at 40°C during 18h in water bath with mechanical stirring or 1h in ultrasonic bath followed by 6h in vacuum in both the cases for evaporation of ethyl acetate. The application of ultrasound significantly intensified the polyesterification reaction with reduction of the processing time from 24h to 7h. The same degree of polymerization was obtained for the same enzyme loading in less time of reaction when using the ultrasound treatment. The degree of polymerization for long-term polyesterification was improved approximately 8-fold due to the presence of sonication during the reaction. The highest degree of polymerization achieved was 31, with a monomer conversion of 96.77%. The ultrasound treatment demonstrated to be an effective green approach to intensify the polyesterification reaction with enhanced initial kinetics and high degree of polymerization.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center for Functional Textiles, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Textile and Fiber Bioprocesses, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoman
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, The Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India.
authors.forename: Sneha Ramrao
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Bansode
authors.affiliation: CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Institute of Polymers and Composites (IPC) and Institute of Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (I3N), University of Minho, Campus de Azuém, Guimarães 4800-058, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Abreu
authors.affiliation: Centre of Chemistry, Departament of Chemistry, Universidade do Minho, Campus Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal.
authors.forename: César
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Centre of Chemistry, Departament of Chemistry, Universidade do Minho, Campus Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal.
authors.forename: Pier
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Parpot
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, The Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India.
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Gogate
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, The Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India.
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Rathod
authors.affiliation: International Joint Research Laboratory for Textile and Fiber Bioprocesses, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. Electronic address: artur@deb.uminho.pt.
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cavaco-Paulo
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D005977:Glutarates / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D008049:Lipase / Q000737:chemistry*; D020959:Polyethylene / Q000737:chemistry*; D058105:Polymerization; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D005977:Glutarates; D020959:Polyethylene; D008049:Lipase
keywords: Kinetics; Lipase; Poly (ethylene glutarate); Solvent-free synthesis; Ultrasound