title: Risk Factors for Development of Chronic Kidney Disease in Cats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Identification of risk factors for development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats may aid in its earlier detection.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Evaluation of clinical and questionnaire data will identify risk factors for development of azotemic CKD in cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and forty-eight client-owned geriatric (>9 years) cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cats were recruited into the study and followed longitudinally for a variable time. Owners were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their pet at enrollment. Additional data regarding dental disease were obtained when available by development of a dental categorization system. Variables were explored in univariable and multivariable Cox regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the final multivariable Cox regression model, annual/frequent vaccination (P value, .003; hazard ratio, 5.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.83-17.64), moderate dental disease (P value, .008; hazard ratio, 13.83; 95% confidence interval, 2.01-94.99), and severe dental disease (P value, .001; hazard ratio, 35.35; 95% confidence interval, 4.31-289.73) predicted development of azotemic CKD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study suggests independent associations between both vaccination frequency and severity of dental disease and development of CKD. Further studies to explore the pathophysiological mechanism of renal injury for these risk factors are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Bristol Renal, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Finch
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Herts, UK.
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Syme
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Elliott
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D063147:Animal Distribution; D000818:Animals; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D002415:Cats; D003625:Data Collection; D006801:Humans; D008131:London / Q000453:epidemiology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012307:Risk Factors; D009057:Stomatognathic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000662:veterinary*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014611:Vaccination / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary*
keywords: Feline; Predictors; Renal