title: Synthesis of N-Doped Hollow-Structured Mesoporous Carbon Nanospheres for High-Performance Supercapacitors.
abstract: We have demonstrated a facile and controllable synthesis of monodispersed N-doped hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres (N-HMCSs) and yolk-shell hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres (N-YSHMCSs) by a modified "silica-assisted" route. The synthesis process can be carried out by using resorcinol-formaldehyde resin as a carbon precursor, melamine as a nitrogen source, hexadecyl trimethylammonium chloride as a template, and silicate oligomers as structure-supporter. The morphological (i.e., particle size, shell thickness, cavity size, and core diameter) and textural features of the carbon nanospheres are easily controlled by varying the amount of ammonium. The resultant carbon nanospheres possess high surface areas (up to 2464 m(2) g(-1)), large pore volumes (up to 2.36 cm(3) g(-1)), and uniform mesopore size (∼2.4 nm for N-HMCSs, ∼ 4.5 nm for N-YSHMCSs). Through combining the hollow mesoporous structure, high porosity, large surface area, and N heteroatomic functionality, the as-synthesized N-doped hollow-structured carbon nanospheres manifest excellent supercapacitor performance with high capacitance (up to 240 F/g), favorable capacitance retention (97.0% capacitive retention after 5000 cycles), and high energy density (up to 11.1 Wh kg(-1)).
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing 210094, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing 210094, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing 210094, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jiansheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing 210094, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Mengli
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing 210094, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing 210094, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jinyou
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing 210094, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiuyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing 210094, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Weiqing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing 210094, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lianjun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
keywords: N-doped; carbon nanospheres; controllable; hollow mesoporous; supercapacitors; yolk−shell