title: Clinical Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in Non-Surgical Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial With 1-Year Follow-Up.
abstract: Probiotics are living microorganisms that provide beneficial effects for the host when administered in proper quantities. The aim of this double-masked placebo-controlled parallel-arm randomized clinical trial is to evaluate the clinical effects of a Lactobacillus rhamnosus SP1-containing probiotic sachet as an adjunct to non-surgical therapy.
  
  
  
  Twenty-eight systemically healthy volunteers with chronic periodontitis were recruited and monitored clinically at baseline and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after therapy. Clinical parameters measured included plaque accumulation, bleeding on probing, probing depths (PDs), and clinical attachment loss. Patients received non-surgical therapy, including scaling and root planing (SRP), and were assigned randomly to a test (SRP + probiotic, n = 14) or control (SRP + placebo, n = 14) group. The intake, once a day for 3 months, of an L. rhamnosus SP1 probiotic sachet commenced after the last session of SRP.
  
  
  
  Both test and control groups showed improvements in clinical parameters at all time points evaluated. However, the test group showed greater reductions in PD than the control. Also, at initial visits and after 1-year follow-up, the test group showed a statistically significant reduction in the number of participants with PD ≥6 mm, indicating a reduced need for surgery, in contrast to the placebo group.
  
  
  
  The results of this trial indicate that oral administration of L. rhamnosus SP1 resulted in similar clinical improvements compared with SRP alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carvajal
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Oral Pathology, Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile.
authors.forename: Nora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.|Department of Medicine and Oral Pathology, Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile.
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Godoy
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile.
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cabello
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Jocelyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garcia-Sesnich
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Periodontology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT.
authors.forename: Anilei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoare
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Periodontology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT.
authors.forename: Patricia I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gamonal
mesh_terms: D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000628:therapy*; D012534:Dental Scaling; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D052201:Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss; D010512:Periodontal Index; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016745:Root Planing
keywords: Chronic periodontitis; Lactobacillus rhamnosus; probiotics; root planing