title: Paracetamol-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress in rats: the protective role of Nigella sativa.
abstract: Context Nigella sativa L. (Ranunculaceae) (NS) is traditionally used to treat many conditions such as inflammation. Objective This study evaluates the effects of NS seeds ethanol extract in paracetamol-induced acute nephrotoxicity in rats. Materials and methods Forty-eight female Wistar Albino rats were divided into eight groups: I = sham; II = sham + 1000 mg/kg NS; III = sham + 140 mg/kg (N-acetyl cysteine) NAC; IV = 2 g/kg paracetamol; V = 2 g/kg paracetamol + 140 mg/kg NAC; VI, VII and VIII = 2 g/kg paracetamol + 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg NS, respectively. Paracetamol administration (oral) was carried out 1 h after NS and NAC administrations (oral), and all animals were sacrificed 24 h later. Results Paracetamol administration significantly increased serum urea (88.05 U/L) and creatinine (0.80 U/L) when compared with the sham group (49.80 and 0.31 U/L, respectively). However, serum urea level was reduced to 65.60, 56.00 and 54.18 U/L, with 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg doses of the extract, respectively. Also, serum creatinine level was reduced to 0.64, 0.57 and 0.52 U/L with 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg doses of the extract, respectively. NS administration increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione, and decreased malondialdehyde levels in the kidneys. Kidney histopathological examinations showed that NS administration antagonized paracetamol-induced kidney pathological damage. Discussion and conclusions The results suggest NS has a significant nephroprotective activity on paracetamol-induced nephrotoxicity. It may be suggested that the antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects of NS ethanolic extract originated from different compounds of its black seeds.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey ;
authors.forename: Dogukan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Canayakin
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey ;
authors.forename: Yasin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bayir
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey ;
authors.forename: Nurcan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kilic Baygutalp
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey ;
authors.forename: Esen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sezen Karaoglan
authors.affiliation: c Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Kirikkale University , Kirikkale , Turkey ;
authors.forename: Hasan Tarik
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Atmaca
authors.affiliation: d Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey ;
authors.forename: Fatma Betul
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Kocak Ozgeris
authors.affiliation: d Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine , Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey ;
authors.forename: Mevlut Sait
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Keles
authors.affiliation: e Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine , Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey.
authors.forename: Zekai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Halici
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen; D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D019610:Cytoprotection; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D031881:Nigella sativa / Q000737:chemistry; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012639:Seeds; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D000082:Acetaminophen; D000431:Ethanol; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D014508:Urea; D003404:Creatinine; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; D000111:Acetylcysteine
keywords: Glutathione; kidney; malondialdehyde; superoxide dismutase