title: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Pregnant and Postpartum Women With H1N1-Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess available evidence regarding the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in pregnant and postpartum women with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to H1N1 infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Databases from MEDLINE (U.S. National Library of Medicine, 1946 to April 1, 2015), the Cochrane Library Controlled Trials Register, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Web of Science were queried for studies on ECMO in pregnant or postpartum patients with ARDS. Search terms included: "ARDS," "ECMO," "pregnant," and "postpartum."
  
  
  RESULTS
  All relevant references in any language were reviewed. Literature for inclusion and methodologic quality were reviewed based on the meta-analyses and systematic reviews of observational studies (Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines. Of 266 citations, five retrospective studies (39 patients) fulfilled our inclusion criteria. No randomized controlled trials were found. The pooled estimate of the survival rate among pregnant and postpartum patients who received ECMO for ARDS secondary to H1N1 was 74.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 60.7-88.6%). Neonatal outcomes were reported in two studies and the rate of live birth was 70% (95% CI 43.7-95.2). Heterogeneity was not significant among studies (I ranged from 0% to 21%; P>.25).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The role of ECMO in pregnant and postpartum women with ARDS from H1N1 remains unclear and the benefits suggested from our review should be interpreted with caution.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Anesthesiology, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; the Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany; the Critical Care Research Group and the Prince Charles Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; and Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia & Intensive Care, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Antonio F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Saad
authors.forename: Mahbubur
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: Dirk M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Maybauer
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Fraser
authors.forename: Maged M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Costantine
authors.forename: Luis D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Pacheco
authors.forename: Marc O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Maybauer
mesh_terms: D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000150:complications*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011644:Puerperal Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology