title: Three-Dimensional Printing: Basic Principles and Applications in Medicine and Radiology.
abstract: The advent of three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology has enabled the creation of a tangible and complex 3D object that goes beyond a simple 3D-shaded visualization on a flat monitor. Since the early 2000s, 3DP machines have been used only in hard tissue applications. Recently developed multi-materials for 3DP have been used extensively for a variety of medical applications, such as personalized surgical planning and guidance, customized implants, biomedical research, and preclinical education. In this review article, we discuss the 3D reconstruction process, touching on medical imaging, and various 3DP systems applicable to medicine. In addition, the 3DP medical applications using multi-materials are introduced, as well as our recent results.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute of Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea.
authors.forename: Guk Bae
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute of Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea.
authors.forename: Sangwook
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute of Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea.
authors.forename: Haekang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Hak
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Screening and Promotion Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kyung
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea.
authors.forename: Choung-Soo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea.
authors.forename: Se Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea.
authors.forename: Bum Joon
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: POSTECH Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea.
authors.forename: Hojin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea.
authors.forename: Sun U
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea.
authors.forename: Namkug
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D057285:Precision Medicine; D066330:Printing, Three-Dimensional; D019736:Prostheses and Implants
keywords: 3D printing; Biomedical research; Customized implant; Multi-materials; Personalized treatments; Preclinical education