title: Anti-inflammatory effects of essential oils extracted from Chamaecyparis obtusa on murine models of inflammation and RAW 264.7 cells.
abstract: Antimicrobial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory effects of essential oils extracted from Chamaecyparis obtusa (EOCO) have previously been reported. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory effects of EOCO were investigated in two murine models of inflammation: Carrageenan-induced paw edema and thioglycollate-induced peritonitis, and in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. The expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines were analyzed by ELISA, the expression of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were determined by western blotting, and nitrite concentration was measured using Griess reagent. In mice with carrageenan-induced edema, paw thickness and the expression levels of interleukin (IL)‑1β and IL-6 in paw homogenates were significantly decreased in the EOCO (5 and 10 mg/kg) group, as compared with the control group. In mice with thioglycollate-induced peritonitis, treatment with EOCO (5 and 10 mg/kg) reduced the number of total cells and suppressed tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α), IL‑1β and IL‑6 levels in peritoneal fluid. In addition, EOCO reduced nitric oxide, TNF‑α and IL‑6 production, and suppressed iNOS and COX‑2 expression in LPS‑stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. These results suggest that EOCO may exert anti‑inflammatory effects in vivo and in vitro, and that these effects may be associated with the inhibition of inflammatory mediators. Therefore, EOCO may be considered an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Science, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yujin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Science, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Ah
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Wan-Uk
authors.initials: WU
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chul-Soo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Paik Hospital, School of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul 100‑032, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chong-Hyeon
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000633:toxicity; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D029780:Chamaecyparis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D013864:Thioglycolates / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D013864:Thioglycolates; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002351:Carrageenan; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2