title: Mechanical oscillations enhance gene delivery into suspended cells.
abstract: Suspended cells are difficult to be transfected by common biochemical methods which require cell attachment to a substrate. Mechanical oscillations of suspended cells at certain frequencies are found to result in significant increase in membrane permeability and potency for delivery of nano-particles and genetic materials into the cells. Nanomaterials including siRNAs are found to penetrate into suspended cells after subjecting to short-time mechanical oscillations, which would otherwise not affect the viability of the cells. Theoretical analysis indicates significant deformation of the actin-filament network in the cytoskeleton cortex during mechanical oscillations at the experimental frequency, which is likely to rupture the soft phospholipid bilayer leading to increased membrane permeability. The results here indicate a new method for enhancing cell transfection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Z L
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: X X
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Man
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: A S T
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: A Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: A H W
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Ngan
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D004705:Endocytosis; D005796:Genes; D006801:Humans; D049329:Nanostructures; D010539:Permeability; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods*; D014170:Transformation, Genetic