title: Cytokine Signatures Associated With Early Onset, Active Lesions and Late Cicatricial Events of Retinochoroidal Commitment in Infants With Congenital Toxoplasmosis.
abstract: Ocular toxoplasmosis is a prominent and severe condition of high incidence in Brazil. The current study provides new insights into the immunological events that can be associated with retinochoroiditis in the setting of congenital toxoplasmosis in human infants.
  
  
  
  Flow cytometry of intracytoplasmic cytokines in leukocyte subsets following in vitro short-term antigenic recall in infants with congenital T. gondii infection.
  
  
  
  Our data demonstrates that whereas neutrophils and monocytes from T. gondii-infected infants display a combination of proinflammatory and regulatory cytokine profiles, natural killer cells showed a predominantly proinflammatory profile upon in vitro T. gondii stimulation. The proinflammatory response of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, characterized by the production of interferon γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin 17 in patients with an active retinochoroidal lesion, revealed the presence of IFN-γ and tumor necrosis factor α during early and late immunological events. This specific proinflammatory pattern is associated with early events and active retinochoroidal lesion, whereas a robust monocyte-derived interleukin 10-mediated profile is observed in children with cicatricial ocular lesions.
  
  
  
  These findings support the existence of a progressive immunological environment concomitant with the initial, apical, and cicatricial phases in the process of retinochoroidal lesion formation in infants with congenital toxoplasmosis that may be relevant in the establishment of stage-specific clinical management.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Parasitologia.
authors.forename: Ana Carolina Aguiar Vasconcelos
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Carneiro
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Parasitologia.
authors.forename: Anderson Silva
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz.
authors.forename: Samantha Ribeiro
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Béla
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Parasitologia.
authors.forename: Julia Gatti Ladeia
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Pediatria.
authors.forename: Gláucia Manzan Queiroz
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Oftalmologia e Otorrinolaringologia, Faculdade de Medicina da UFMG, Belo Horizonte.
authors.forename: Daniel Vitor
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos-Santos
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Ações e Pesquisa em Apoio Diagnóstico, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
authors.forename: José Nélio
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Januário
authors.affiliation: Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz.
authors.forename: Jordana Grazziela
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Coelho-Dos-Reis
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eloisa Amália Vieira
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Ferro
authors.affiliation: Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz.
authors.forename: Andréa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Teixeira-Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Parasitologia.
authors.forename: Ricardo Wagner Almeida
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Vitor
authors.affiliation: Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores de Diagnóstico e Monitoração, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz.
authors.forename: Olindo Assis
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Martins-Filho
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002825:Chorioretinitis / Q000151:congenital / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000276:immunology*; D014126:Toxoplasmosis, Ocular / Q000151:congenital / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines
keywords: active and cicatricial lesions; congenital toxoplasmosis; cytokine profile; infants; retinochoroiditis