title: Prevalence of impaired fasting glucose and type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus in a large nationwide working population in Spain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To report the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), undiagnosed and diagnosed diabetes, and their association to occupational categories in a representative sample of working population in Spain.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study of workers who attended routine medical check-ups from January 2007 to December 2007. A structured questionnaire was completed, and physical examinations and routine serum biochemical tests were performed. IFG was defined as fasting glucose levels ranging from 100 to 125 mg/dl with no diagnosis of T1DM or T2DM; T1DM was defined as previous diagnosis of T1DM; and T2DM as previous diagnosis of T2DM, treatment with oral antidiabetic drugs or insulin or fasting glucose levels ≥126 mg/dl, according to ADA criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 371,997 participants (median age 35 [interquartile range 29-44] years), 72.4% were male. Raw prevalence rates (95% CI) of IFG, undiagnosed (UKDM), and previously known type 2 (KDM2) and type 1 (KDM1) diabetes were 10.4% (10.3-10.5%), 1.3% (1.2-1.3%), 1.1% (1.1-1.2%), and 0.3% (0.3-0.3%), respectively. With the exception of KDM1, prevalence of these conditions increased with age and was greater among manual/blue-collar workers (12.1%, 1.5%, 1.3% and 0.3%, respectively) as compared to non-manual/white-collar workers (7.3%, 0.8%, 0.8% and 0.3%, respectively). Age- and sex-adjusted prevalence rates of IFG, UKDM and KDM2 were 13.1%, 2.0% and 2.4%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this sample of Spanish working population, impaired glycemic profiles were common. Prevalence rates of IFG and T2DM were high among blue-collar workers (except for T1DM). These data emphasize the need for earlier structured preventive schemes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Research, Lilly, S.A., Alcobendas, Spain.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reviriego
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Research, Lilly, S.A., Alcobendas, Spain. Electronic address: vazquez_salvi_luis_alberto@lilly.com.
authors.forename: Luis Alberto
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Vázquez
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; CiberOBN CIBER Fisiopatología Nutrición y Obesidad, ISCIII, Spain.
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goday
authors.affiliation: Ibermutuamur Prevention Society, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cabrera
authors.affiliation: Ibermutuamur, Mutual of Work-Related Accidents and Diseases Social Security No. 274, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: María Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: García-Margallo
authors.affiliation: Ibermutuamur, Mutual of Work-Related Accidents and Diseases Social Security No. 274, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Calvo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000453:epidemiology; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose
keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Diagnosis; Diagnóstico; Epidemiological studies; Estudios epidemiológicos; Glucemia alterada en ayunas; Impaired fasting glucose