title: Oxidative Conversion of a Europium(II)-Based T1 Agent into a Europium(III)-Based paraCEST Agent that can be Detected In Vivo by Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
abstract: The Eu(II) complex of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) tetra(glycinate) has a higher reduction potential than most Eu(II) chelates reported to date. The reduced Eu(II) form acts as an efficient water proton T1 relaxation reagent, while the Eu(III) form acts as a water-based chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) agent. The complex has extremely fast water exchange rate. Oxidation to the corresponding Eu(III) complex yields a well-defined signal from the paraCEST agent. The time course of oxidation was studied in vitro and in vivo by T1-weighted and CEST imaging.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Alexander M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Funk
authors.affiliation: Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Clavijo Jordan
authors.affiliation: Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.|Department of Chemistry, University of Texas, Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA.
authors.forename: A Dean
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Sherry
authors.affiliation: Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA. james.ratnakar@utsouthwestern.edu.
authors.forename: S James
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Ratnakar
authors.affiliation: Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA. zoltan.kovacs@utsouthwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Zoltan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kovacs
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media; D005063:Europium / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005063:Europium
keywords: T1 weighting; contrast agents; divalent lanthanides; europium; paraCEST