title: National Burden of Eye Diseases in Iran, 1990-2010; Findings from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2010.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) lost due to eye diseases and trends in DALYs in Iran has not been previously reported. The object of this study is to report the burden of eye diseases in Iran and to compare changes from 1990 to 2010 based on age and gender.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (GBD 2010) are used to report DALYs for cataract, refraction/accommodation (functional) disorders, macular degeneration, and glaucoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cataract, refraction/accommodation (functional) disorders, macular degeneration, and glaucoma were the 84(th), 87(th), 138(th), and 151(st) causes of DALY in 1990 and the 89(th), 72(nd), 99(th), and 137(th) in 2010, respectively. Cataract accounted for 0.085% of national DALY in 1990 and 0.09% in 2010, refraction/accommodation (functional) disorders accounted for 0.42% in 1990 and 0.47% in 2010, macular degeneration accounted for 0.017% in 1990 and 0.071% in 2010 and glaucoma accounted for 0.0099% in 1990 and 0.025% in 2010. There was a steady increase in DALY with age for each eye disease for both genders and dichotomized for males and females from 1990 to 2010.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Epidemiologic transition is reflected in major ophthalmic and blinding diseases in the GBD data for Iran. The burden of macular degeneration is rising, followed by glaucoma. The burden of presbyopia affected individuals past their middle age. The burden of cataract manifested as a slower increase that could be attributable to better access to treatment.
authors.affiliation: General Preventive Medicine Residency Program, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Elham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hatef
authors.affiliation: Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Center for Non-Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed-Farzad
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.affiliation: Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Cyrus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alinia
authors.affiliation: Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Elham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ashrafi
authors.affiliation: Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: S-Mehrdad
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.affiliation: Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lashay
authors.affiliation: Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sadeghi-Tari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005102:Health Expenditures; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Blinding Eye Diseases; Disability-Adjusted Life-Years; Global Burden of Diseases; Iran