title: Valsalva retinopathy with double ring sign: Laser membranotomy for twin bleeds.
abstract: This report describes the case of a 27-year-old lady who presented with sudden decrease in vision in the right eye for one week. She was suffering from constipation and had a history of straining while passing stools. She was found to have two large sub-internal limiting membrane haemorrhages with the classical double ring sign, which were drained using laser membranotomy, following which her vision rapidly improved. This case of two sub-internal limiting membrane haemorrhages is reported for its rarity and also highlights the usefulness of laser hyaloidotomy or membranotomy in large haemorrhages of recent onset. The literature was also reviewed to discuss the other treatment options in brief.
authors.affiliation: Bansara Eye Care Centre, Laitumkhrah, Shillong 793003, India.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.affiliation: Bansara Eye Care Centre, Laitumkhrah, Shillong 793003, India.
authors.forename: Saurabh K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sarma
keywords: Double ring sign; Nd:YAG laser hyaloidotomy; Nd:YAG laser membranotomy; Valsalva retinopathy