title: Prevalence of snoring and facial profile type, malocclusion class and dental arch morphology among snorer and nonsnorer university population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of snoring in an adult male university population, and to test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in facial profile shape, malocclusion type, or palatal morphology among snorer and nonsnorer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Berlin questionnaire was given to 840 students and employees aged 18-45 years (24 ± 40). Both snorers and nonsnorers were assessed for the facial profile type, malocclusion type, and palatal morphology. Chi-square and Student's t-test were used to compare the difference between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of snoring was 16.28%. The most frequent findings among snorer were straight profiles (52.0%), Class I malocclusion (74.7%), and V palatal shape (16.0%), respectively. The Chi-square test revealed a significant difference in terms of V-shaped palatal morphology (P < 0.05); higher neck circumference (NC) (P < 0.007); upper arch length was significantly shorter (P < 0.038); and the inter- first upper premolar distance was significantly narrower (P < 0.013).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The null hypothesis is rejected. Snoring in our university population is associated with V-shape palatal morphology, increased NC and decrease in the upper arch length, and inter- first upper premolar distance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontic Dentistry, School of Dental Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Sana'a, Yemen.
authors.forename: Gassan H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Al-Madani
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontic Dentistry, School of Dental Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Sana'a, Yemen.
authors.forename: Saeed M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Banabilh
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontic Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
authors.forename: Medhat M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: El-Sakhawy
keywords: Adult; dental arch; facial profile; malocclusion; orthodontic; snoring