title: Effect of alpha-lipoic acid on radiation-induced small intestine injury in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Radiation therapy is a highly effective treatment for patients with solid tumors. However, it can cause damage and inflammation in normal tissues. Here, we investigated the effects of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) as radioprotection agent for the small intestine in a mouse model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Whole abdomen was evenly irradiated with total a dose of 15 Gy. Mice were treated with either ALA (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection [i.p.]) or saline (equal volume, i.p.) the prior to radiation as 100 mg/kg/day for 3 days. Body weight, food intake, histopathology, and biochemical parameters were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences in body weight and food intake were observed between the radiation (RT) and ALA + RT groups. Moreover, the number of crypt cells was higher in the ALA + RT group. Inflammation was decreased and recovery time was shortened in the ALA + RT group compared with the RT group. The levels of inflammation-related factors (i.e., phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa B and matrix metalloproteinase-9) and mitogen-activated protein kinases were significantly decreased in the ALA + RT group compared with those in the RT group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ALA treatment prior to radiation decreases the severity and duration of radiation-induced enteritis by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.|Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bae Kwon
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.|Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.|Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hojin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hoon Sik
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.|Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Hwa
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.|Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Ryeal
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hahm
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.|Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myeong Hee
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bong-Hoi
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.|Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.|Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ki Mun
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005720:Gamma Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011833:Radiation Injuries, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008063:Thioctic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D008063:Thioctic Acid
keywords: alpha-lipoic acid; inflammation; oxidative stress; radiation therapy; small intestine