title: Lithium Titanate Confined in Carbon Nanopores for Asymmetric Supercapacitors.
abstract: Porous carbons suffer from low specific capacitance, while intercalation-type active materials suffer from limited rate when used in asymmetric supercapacitors. We demonstrate that nanoconfinement of intercalation-type lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12) nanoparticles in carbon nanopores yielded nanocomposite materials that offer both high ion storage density and rapid ion transport through open and interconnected pore channels. The use of titanate increased both the gravimetric and volumetric capacity of porous carbons by more than an order of magnitude. High electrical conductivity of carbon and the small size of titanate crystals allowed the composite electrodes to achieve characteristic charge and discharge times comparable to that of the electric double-layer capacitors. The proposed composite synthesis methodology is simple, scalable, and applicable for a broad range of active intercalation materials, while the produced composite powders are compatible with commercial electrode fabrication processes.
authors.forename: Enbo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process & Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University , Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chuanli
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Hong-Ryun
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Sila Nanotechnologies, Inc. , Alameda, California 94501, United States.
authors.forename: Gene
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Berdichevsky
authors.affiliation: Sila Nanotechnologies, Inc. , Alameda, California 94501, United States.
authors.forename: Alper
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nese
authors.forename: Seth
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marder
authors.forename: Gleb
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yushin
keywords: Li4Ti5O12; anode; high rate; impregnation; supercapacitors