title: A home-based eyebrows lifting effect using a novel device that emits electrostatic pulses containing RF energy, resulting in high frequency, low level transdermal microcurrent pulsations: Double blind, randomized clinical study of efficacy and safety.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As the appearance of the face is a primary concern of many people, ways in which to tighten the skin are increasingly in demand. In recent years, radiofrequency (RF) has become a promising nonablative, non-invasive, technique for facial rejuvenation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the safety and the efficacy of a unipolar RF-based device for home use in increasing skin tightness (lifting effect) in the eyebrows area.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects (N = 50) aged between 30 and 70 years old showing skin wrinkledness all over the face and skin laxity in the eyebrows area were enrolled. The primary endpoint was the assessment of the eyebrow to hairline distance by means of a morphometric digital image analysis technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The eyebrows to hairline distance was statistically significant (both vs. basal condition and placebo) decreased by 1.338 ± 0.170 cm in the treated eyebrow.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The obtained results confirm the safety and the efficacy of the tested device in decreasing skin laxity in the eyebrows area. The treatment is not time-consuming (about 6 minutes) and can be done at home. The device seems to be then a useful tool to delay skin laxity or to prolong the time to the first surgical facial lift.
authors.affiliation: a Farcoderm S.R.L, San Martino Siccomario , Pavia , Italy.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nobile
authors.affiliation: a Farcoderm S.R.L, San Martino Siccomario , Pavia , Italy.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Michelotti
authors.affiliation: a Farcoderm S.R.L, San Martino Siccomario , Pavia , Italy.
authors.forename: Enza
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cestone
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004598:Electrosurgery / Q000379:methods*; D004954:Esthetics; D005138:Eyebrows; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D000078702:Radiofrequency Therapy; D012060:Rejuvenation; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000528:radiation effects*
keywords: Eyebrows; lifting effect; radiofrequency; unipolar