title: The prevalence and prognostic significance of KRAS mutation subtypes in lung adenocarcinomas from Chinese populations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We performed this retrospective study to identify the prevalence of KRAS mutation in Chinese populations and make a comprehensive investigation of the clinicopathological features of KRAS mutation in these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients from 2007 to 2013 diagnosed with primary lung adeno-carcinoma who received a radical resection were examined for KRAS, EGFR, HER2, BRAF mutations, and ALK, RET, and ROS1 fusions. Clinicopathological features, including sex, age, tumor-lymph node-metastasis stage, tumor differentiation, smoking status, histological subtypes, and survival information were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  KRAS mutation was detected in 113 of 1,368 patients. Nine different subtypes of KRAS mutation were identified in codon 12, codon 13, and codon 61. KRAS mutation was more frequently found in male patients and former/current smoker patients. Tumors with KRAS mutation had poorer differentiation. Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma predominant and solid predominant subtypes were more frequent in KRAS mutant patients. No statistical significance was found in relapse-free survival or overall survival between patients with KRAS mutation and patients with other mutations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In Chinese populations, we identified KRAS mutation in 8.3% (113/1,368) of the patients with lung adenocarcinoma. KRAS mutation defines a molecular subset of lung adenocarcinoma with unique clinicopathological features.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Difan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yunjian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xinghua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shanbo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ranxia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xuxia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yihua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Haiquan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
keywords: KRAS; NSCLC; prognosis; surgery