title: Influence of a low-carbohydrate diet on endothelial microvesicles in overweight women.
abstract: Low-carbohydrate diets (LCD) are increasing in popularity, but their effect on vascular health has been questioned. Endothelial microvesicles (EMV) are membrane-derived vesicles with the potential to act as a sensitive prognostic biomarker of vascular health and endothelial function. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of a LCD on EMV and other endothelial biomarkers of protein origin. Twenty-four overweight women (age, 48.4 ± 0.6 years; height, 1.60 ± 0.07 m; body mass, 76.5 ± 9.1 kg; body mass index, 28.1 ± 2.7 kg·m(-2); waist circumference, 84.1 ± 7.4 cm; mean ± standard deviation) were randomised to either 24 weeks on their normal diet (ND) or a LCD, after which they crossed over to 24 weeks on the alternative diet. Participants were assisted in reducing carbohydrate intake, but not below 40 g·day(-1). Body composition and endothelial biomarkers were assessed at the crossover point and at the end of the study. Daily carbohydrate intake (87 ± 7 versus 179 ± 11 g) and the percentage of energy derived from carbohydrate (29% versus 44%) were lower (p < 0.05) on the LCD compared to the ND, but absolute fat and saturated fat intake were unchanged. Body mass and waist circumference were 3.7 ± 0.8 kg and 3.5 ± 1.0 cm lower (p < 0.05), respectively, after the LCD compared with the ND phases. CD31(+)CD41(-)EMV, soluble (s) thrombomodulin, sE-selectin, sP-selectin, serum amyloid A and C-reactive protein were lower (p < 0.05) after the LCD compared to the ND, but serum lipids and apolipoproteins were not different. EMV along with a range of endothelial and inflammatory biomarkers are reduced by a LCD that involves modest weight loss.
authors.affiliation: a Schools of Health Science and Science and Computing, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.
authors.forename: Antony L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Wekesa
authors.affiliation: a Schools of Health Science and Science and Computing, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.
authors.forename: Lorna M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Doyle
authors.affiliation: a Schools of Health Science and Science and Computing, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.
authors.forename: Doreen
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fitzmaurice
authors.affiliation: a Schools of Health Science and Science and Computing, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.
authors.forename: Orla
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: O'Donovan
authors.affiliation: a Schools of Health Science and Science and Computing, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Phelan
authors.affiliation: a Schools of Health Science and Science and Computing, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.|b School of Life, Sport and Social Science, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.affiliation: c University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland.|d Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Keith S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Cross
authors.affiliation: a Schools of Health Science and Science and Computing, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harrison
mesh_terms: D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D050528:Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D002149:Energy Intake; D015444:Exercise; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D055806:Microvessels / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D050177:Overweight; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D018180:Thrombomodulin / Q000097:blood; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D001053:Apolipoproteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D019040:E-Selectin; D005227:Fatty Acids; D019007:P-Selectin; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein; D018180:Thrombomodulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: biomarqueurs endothéliaux; endothelial biomarkers; microparticles; microparticules; perte de poids; santé vasculaire; vascular health; weight loss