title: Emerging role of the brain in the homeostatic regulation of energy and glucose metabolism.
abstract: Accumulated evidence from genetic animal models suggests that the brain, particularly the hypothalamus, has a key role in the homeostatic regulation of energy and glucose metabolism. The brain integrates multiple metabolic inputs from the periphery through nutrients, gut-derived satiety signals and adiposity-related hormones. The brain modulates various aspects of metabolism, such as food intake, energy expenditure, insulin secretion, hepatic glucose production and glucose/fatty acid metabolism in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Highly coordinated interactions between the brain and peripheral metabolic organs are critical for the maintenance of energy and glucose homeostasis. Defective crosstalk between the brain and peripheral organs contributes to the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Here we comprehensively review the above topics, discussing the main findings related to the role of the brain in the homeostatic regulation of energy and glucose metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Appeptite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.affiliation: Appeptite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Do Kyeong
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Appeptite Regulation Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Seon
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8413-5006
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D005947:Glucose