title: Activation of peroxymonosulfate by base: Implications for the degradation of organic pollutants.
abstract: Increasing attention has been paid to environmentally friendly activation methods of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for organic pollutant elimination. This work demonstrates that Base can be applied as a novel activator for PMS. The Base/PMS system, at ambient temperature, was able to degrade a variety of organic pollutants, including acid orange 7 (AO7), phenol and bisphenol A. In subsequent experiments with AO7, the decolorization rates for AO7 followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, with rate constant values ranging from 0.0006 to 0.1749 min(-1) depending on the operating parameters (initial PMS, Base, AO7 concentrations and reaction temperature). Furthermore, the mechanism for PMS activation by the Base was elucidated by radical scavenger (tert-butyl alcohol, methanol, sodium azide and p-benzoquinone) and electron spin resonance trapping studies. The results revealed that superoxide anion radical and singlet oxygen other than sulfate radical were the primary reactive oxygen species in the Base/PMS system. The findings of this study present a new pathway for PMS activation and provide useful information for the treatment of wastewater.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Chengdu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China. Electronic address: liuxt@bnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xitao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Chunye
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Xiaowan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Huijuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000032:analysis*; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D006878:Hydroxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010545:Peroxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000737:chemistry; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D006878:Hydroxides; D010545:Peroxides; D010636:Phenols; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013431:Sulfates; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C069025:sulfate radical; C038288:peroxymonosulfate; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds; C014722:2-naphthol orange
keywords: Base; Decolorization; Peroxymonosulfate activation; Reactive oxygen species