title: Planar cell polarity: the Dachsous/Fat system contributes differently to the embryonic and larval stages of Drosophila.
abstract: The epidermal patterns of all three larval instars (L1-L3) ofDrosophilaare made by one unchanging set of cells. The seven rows of cuticular denticles of all larval stages are consistently planar polarised, some pointing forwards, others backwards. In L1 all the predenticles originate at the back of the cells but, in L2 and L3, they form at the front or the back of the cell depending on the polarity of the forthcoming denticles. We find that, to polarise all rows, the Dachsous/Fat system is differentially utilised; in L1 it is active in the placement of the actin-based predenticles but is not crucial for the final orientation of the cuticular denticles, in L2 and L3 it is needed for placement and polarity. We find Four-jointed to be strongly expressed in the tendon cells and show how this might explain the orientation of all seven rows. Unexpectedly, we find that L3 that lack Dachsous differ from larvae lacking Fat and we present evidence that this is due to differently mislocalised Dachs. We make some progress in understanding how Dachs contributes to phenotypes of wildtype and mutant larvae and adults.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 2EJ, UK.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Saavedra
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brittle
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 2EJ, UK.
authors.forename: Isabel M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Palacios
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Strutt
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 2EJ, UK.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Casal
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 2EJ, UK pal38@cam.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Lawrence
keywords: Dachs; Dachsous; Epidermis; Fat; Planar cell polarity