title: Septic cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.
abstract: Septic cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, once a common and deadly disease, has fortunately become rare now. Not only that the incidence has fallen significantly after the antibiotic era, the morbidity and mortality has also decreased substantially. Cavernous sinus thrombosis is by far the commonest form of septic cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Due to its rare occurrence, a lot of current generation clinicians have not encountered the entity in person. Despite all the advances in diagnostic modalities, a high index of clinical suspicion remains the mainstay in prompt diagnosis and management of this potentially lethal condition. Keeping this in view, the authors have reviewed the subject including the old literature and have summarized the current approach to diagnosis and management. Septic cavernous thrombosis is a fulminant disease with dramatic presentation in most cases comprised of fever, periorbital pain and swelling, associated with systemic symptoms and signs. The preceding infection is usually in the central face or paranasal sinuses. The disease rapidly spreads to contralateral side and if remains undiagnosed and untreated can result in severe complications or even death. Prompt diagnosis using radiological imaging in suspected patient, early use of broad spectrum antibiotics, and judicial use of anticoagulation may save the life and prevent disability. Surgery is used only to treat the nidus of infection.
authors.affiliation: King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: ismailkhatri@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ismail A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Khatri
authors.affiliation: The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. Electronic address: mohammad.wasay@aku.edu.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wasay
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000150:complications; D018805:Sepsis / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D012851:Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Anticoagulation; Cavernous sinus thrombosis; Cerebral venous thrombosis; Diagnosis; Management; Septic