title: Analysis of the entry mechanism of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, using a vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotyping system.
abstract: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne disease causing severe hemorrhagic symptoms with a nearly 30 % case-fatality rate in humans. The experimental use of CCHF virus (CCHFV), which causes CCHF, requires high-biosafety-level (BSL) containment. In contrast, pseudotyping of various viral glycoproteins (GPs) onto vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) can be used in facilities with lower BSL containment, and this has facilitated studies on the viral entry mechanism and the measurement of neutralizing activity, especially for highly pathogenic viruses. In the present study, we generated high titers of pseudotyped VSV bearing the CCHFV envelope GP and analyzed the mechanisms involved in CCHFV infection. A partial deletion of the CCHFV GP cytoplasmic domain increased the titer of the pseudotyped VSV, the entry mechanism of which was dependent on the CCHFV envelope GP. Using the pseudotype virus, DC-SIGN (a calcium-dependent [C-type] lectin cell-surface molecule) was revealed to enhance viral infection and act as an entry factor for CCHFV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.|Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuto
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suda
authors.affiliation: Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuetsu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukushi
authors.affiliation: Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tani
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.affiliation: Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saijo
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
authors.forename: Taisuke
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horimoto
authors.affiliation: Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan. shimoji-@nih.go.jp.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimojima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000502:physiology; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D003225:Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D006479:Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean / Q000209:etiology / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000502:physiology; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology; D014709:Vero Cells; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D053586:Virus Internalization; D000099215:DC-Specific ICAM-3 Grabbing Nonintegrin
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D000099215:DC-Specific ICAM-3 Grabbing Nonintegrin