title: The Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Post-Training Recovery in Jiu-Jitsu Athletes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of using hyperbaric oxygen therapy during post-training recovery in jiu-jitsu athletes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven experienced Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes were investigated during and following two training sessions of 1h30min. Using a cross-over design, the athletes were randomly assigned to passive recovery for 2 hours or to hyperbaric oxygen therapy (OHB) for the same duration. After a 7-day period, the interventions were reversed. Before, immediately after, post 2 hours and post 24 hours, blood samples were collected to examine hormone concentrations (cortisol and total testosterone) and cellular damage markers [creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)]. Moreover, the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and recovery (RPR) scales were applied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Final lactate [La] values (control: 11.9 ± 1.4 mmol/L, OHB: 10.2 ± 1.4 mmol/L) and RPE [control: 14 (13-17 a.u.), OHB: 18 (17-20 a.u.)] were not significantly different following the training sessions. Furthermore, there was no difference between any time points for blood lactate and RPE in the two experimental conditions (P>0.05). There was no effect of experimental conditions on cortisol (F1,20 = 0.1, P = 0.793, η2 = 0.00, small), total testosterone (F1,20 = 0.03, P = 0.877, η2 = 0.00, small), CK (F1,20 = 0.1, P = 0.759, η2 = 0.01, small), AST (F1,20 = 0.1, P = 0.761, η2 = 0.01, small), ALT (F1,20 = 0.0, P = 0.845, η2 = 0.00, small) or LDH (F1,20 = 0.7, P = 0.413, η2 = 0.03, small). However, there was a difference between the two experimental conditions in RPR with higher values at post 2 h and 24 h in OHB when compared to the control condition (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thus, it can be concluded that OHB exerts no influence on the recovery of hormonal status or cellular damage markers. Nonetheless, greater perceived recovery, potentially due to the placebo effect, was evident following the OHB condition.
authors.affiliation: Sports and Physical Education School of the University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.|Combat Sports and Martial Arts Research Group of the Physical Education and Sports School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Braulio Henrique Magnani
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Branco
authors.affiliation: University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America.
authors.forename: David Hideyoshi
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.affiliation: Santa Catarina State University, Florianopolis, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leonardo Vidal
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Andreato
authors.affiliation: Sports and Physical Education School of the University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.|Combat Sports and Martial Arts Research Group of the Physical Education and Sports School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jonatas Ferreira da Silva
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Victor Del Conti
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Esteves
authors.affiliation: Sports and Physical Education School of the University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.|Combat Sports and Martial Arts Research Group of the Physical Education and Sports School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Emerson
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Franchini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D016139:Martial Arts; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D006854:Hydrocortisone