title: Feasibility of Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy with Immediate Breast Reconstruction in Breast Cancer Patients with Tumor-Nipple Distance Less Than 2.0 cm.
abstract: Debate continues concerning the oncological risk of nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) with immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) if the tumor-nipple distance (TND) is less than 2.0 cm. In this retrospective study, we analyzed oncological outcomes after NSM with IBR for the treatment of breast cancer to determine the risk posed by NSM in cases in which magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a TND <2.0 cm but intraoperative frozen biopsy results were negative for tumor cells at the nipple base.
  
  
  
  We conducted a retrospective review of patients with breast cancer who underwent NSM with IBR at Samsung Medical Center between 2008 and 2014. Preoperative MRI was done in all cases to define the TND, and frozen biopsy specimens were obtained intraoperatively.
  
  
  
  Among the 266 NSMs performed, TND was <2.0 cm in 145 cases (54.5 %) and ≥2.0 cm in 121 cases (45.5 %). Median follow-up was 25.6 months. There were no significant differences between the two patient groups with respect to disease-free survival or local recurrence-free survival.
  
  
  
  Our results suggest that NSM can be a feasible treatment option when the intraoperative frozen biopsy is negative for tumor cells even with a TND <2.0 cm in MRI.
authors.affiliation: Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, 5th Floor, Irwon-ro 81, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.
authors.forename: Jai Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, 5th Floor, Irwon-ro 81, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.
authors.forename: Seok Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, 5th Floor, Irwon-ro 81, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.
authors.forename: Seok Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, 5th Floor, Irwon-ro 81, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.
authors.forename: Se Kyung
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, 5th Floor, Irwon-ro 81, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Youn
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, 5th Floor, Irwon-ro 81, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.
authors.forename: Ha Woo
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, 5th Floor, Irwon-ro 81, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.
authors.forename: Sungmin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, 5th Floor, Irwon-ro 81, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-June
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Paik
authors.affiliation: Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, 5th Floor, Irwon-ro 81, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea. paojlus@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Jeong Eon
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005629:Frozen Sections; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D016462:Mammaplasty; D008408:Mastectomy / Q000379:methods*; D018579:Patient Selection; D012189:Retrospective Studies