title: Biomarkers of (osteo)arthritis.
abstract: Arthritic diseases are a major cause of disability and morbidity, and cause an enormous burden for health and social care systems globally. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. The key risk factors for the development of OA are age, obesity, joint trauma or instability. Metabolic and endocrine diseases can also contribute to the pathogenesis of OA. There is accumulating evidence to suggest that OA is a whole-organ disease that is influenced by systemic mediators, inflammaging, innate immunity and the low-grade inflammation induced by metabolic syndrome. Although all joint tissues are implicated in disease progression in OA, articular cartilage has received the most attention in the context of aging, injury and disease. There is increasing emphasis on the early detection of OA as it has the capacity to target and treat the disease more effectively. Indeed it has been suggested that this is the era of "personalized prevention" for OA. However, the development of strategies for the prevention of OA require new and sensitive biomarker tools that can detect the disease in its molecular and pre-radiographic stage, before structural and functional alterations in cartilage integrity have occurred. There is also evidence to support a role for biomarkers in OA drug discovery, specifically the development of disease modifying osteoarthritis drugs. This Special Issue of Biomarkers is dedicated to recent progress in the field of OA biomarkers. The papers in this Special Issue review the current state-of-the-art and discuss the utility of OA biomarkers as diagnostic and prognostic tools.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences , School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey , Guildford , UK .|b Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Duke of Kent Building , University of Surrey , Guildford, Surrey , UK .|c Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, Medical Research Council and Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Queen's Medical Centre , Nottingham , UK .|d Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia .
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mobasheri
authors.affiliation: e Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, Arthropole Liege, Department of Motricity Sciences , Institute of Pathology, University of Liege , Liege , Belgium , and.|f Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Department , Princess Paola Hospital , Marche-en-Famenne , Belgium.
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Henrotin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001168:Arthritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007596:Joints / Q000378:metabolism*; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Arthritis; biomarker; diagnostic; musculoskeletal disorders; osteoarthritis; prognostic