title: Effect of Acacia catechu (L.f.) Willd. on Oxidative Stress with Possible Implications in Alleviating Selected Cognitive Disorders.
abstract: In human body, several categories of degenerative processes are largely determined by free radicals originating in cell. Free radicals are also known to have correlated with a variety of cognitive disorders (CDs) resulting in neuronal injury and eventually to death. Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are such kind of killer CDs that occur due to dysfunction of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons. Plant parts of Ginkgo biloba, Bacopa monnieri etc. are being used for the treatment of cognitive disorders in several countries. The present study was aimed to explore the detailed antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase activity of Acaciacatechu leaf (ACL) over CDs. Gas chromatography-Mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) were employed to identify the bioactive components present in ACL. Furthermore, the extract was evaluated to check the cytotoxic effects of ACL on normal cells. Amongst several antioxidant assays, DPPH assay, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide radical and hypochlorous acid inhibitory activities were found to be greater in ACL than that of the respective standards while other assays exhibited a moderate or at per inhibitory activity with standards. Total phenolic and flavonoid content were also found to be present in decent amount. In addition, we found, a greater acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity of ACL when compared to other medicinally important plants, indicating its positive effect over CDs. Forty one bioactive components were explored through GC-MS. Of these, gallic acid, epicatechin, catechin, isoquercitrin etc. were found, which are potent antioxidant and a few of them have anti-neurodegenerative properties. Eventually, ACL was found to be nontoxic and safer to consume. Further studies with animal or human model however, would determine its efficacy as a potential anti-schizophrenic drug.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, 734013, India.
authors.forename: Manas Ranjan
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.affiliation: Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, 734013, India.
authors.forename: Priyankar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dey
authors.affiliation: Phytochemistry and Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India.
authors.forename: Sainiara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Begum
authors.affiliation: Phytochemistry and Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India.
authors.forename: Bratati
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: De
authors.affiliation: Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, 734013, India.
authors.forename: Tapas Kr
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Chaudhuri
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Raiganj University, Raiganj, 733134, India.
authors.forename: Dilip De
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Sarker
authors.affiliation: Taxonomy and Envioronmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, 734013, India.
authors.forename: Abhaya Prasad
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, 734013, India.
authors.forename: Arnab
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sen
mesh_terms: D000045:Acacia / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts