title: Mast cell stabilizers obviate high fat diet-induced renal dysfunction in rats.
abstract: The present study investigated the infiltration of mast cells into the kidney tissue and the preventive role of mast cell stabilizers against high fat diet (HFD)-induced renal injury in rats. The animals were fed on HFD (30% fat) for 12 consecutive weeks to induce renal injury. The HFD-induced obesity was assessed by calculating obesity index, adiposity index, and estimation of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high density lipoproteins in plasma. The renal dysfunction was evaluated by measuring creatinine clearance, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, electrolytes and microproteinuria. The oxidative stress in renal tissues was determined by myeloperoxidase activity, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, superoxide anion generation and reduced glutathione level. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) was monitored using non-invasive blood pressure measuring apparatus. Histamine and hydroxyproline contents were quantified in renal tissues. Gross histopathological changes, mast cell density and collagen deposition in the renal tissue was determined by means of histopathology. The mast cell stabilizers, sodium cromoglycate and ketotifen were administered daily for 12 weeks. The HFD fed rats demonstrated significant increase in lipid profile, kidney injury with marked increase in renal oxidative stress, SBP, mast cell density, histamine content and hydroxyproline content that was attenuated by sodium cromoglycate and ketotifen treatment. Hence, the novel findings of this investigation suggest that HFD induced mast cells infiltration into kidney tissue seems to play an important role in renal pathology, and treatment with mast cell stabilizers serves as potential therapy in management of HFD induced renal dysfunction in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
authors.lastname: Reena
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India; Department of Pharmacology, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar, India.
authors.forename: Tajpreet
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
authors.forename: Anudeep
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
authors.forename: Manjinder
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
authors.forename: Harpal Singh
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Buttar
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India.
authors.forename: Devendra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pathak
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India. Electronic address: apsingh82@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Amrit Pal
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006636:Histamine Release / Q000187:drug effects; D006909:Hydroxyproline / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D006909:Hydroxyproline
keywords: High fat diet; Kidney; Mast cells; Obesity; cromoglycate; ketotifen