title: Emergence of a novel bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) prion from an atypical H-type BSE.
abstract: The H-type of atypical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (H-BSE) was serially passaged in bovinized transgenic (TgBoPrP) mice. At the fourth passage, most challenged mice showed a typical H-BSE phenotype with incubation periods of 223 ± 7.8 days. However, a different phenotype of BSE prion with shorter incubation periods of 109 ± 4 days emerged in a minor subset of the inoculated mice. The latter showed distinct clinical signs, brain pathology, and abnormal prion protein profiles as compared to H-BSE and other known BSE strains in mice. This novel prion was transmitted intracerebrally to cattle, with incubation periods of 14.8 ± 1.5 months, with phenotypes that differed from those of other bovine prion strains. These data suggest that intraspecies transmission of H-BSE in cattle allows the emergence of a novel BSE strain. Therefore, the continuation of feed ban programs may be necessary to exclude the recycling of H-BSE prions, which appear to arise spontaneously, in livestock. Such measures should help to reduce the risks from both novel and known strains of BSE.
authors.affiliation: Influenza and Prion Disease Research Center, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan.
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Masujin
authors.affiliation: Influenza and Prion Disease Research Center, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.affiliation: Influenza and Prion Disease Research Center, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan.
authors.forename: Kohtaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyazawa
authors.affiliation: Influenza and Prion Disease Research Center, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.affiliation: Influenza and Prion Disease Research Center, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan.
authors.forename: Morikazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imamura
authors.affiliation: Influenza and Prion Disease Research Center, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwamaru
authors.affiliation: Influenza and Prion Disease Research Center, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murayama
authors.affiliation: Influenza and Prion Disease Research Center, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D016643:Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000635:transmission*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010641:Phenotype; D011328:Prions / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011328:Prions