title: Cell-Free and Cell-Based Approaches to Explore the Roles of Host Membranes and Lipids in the Formation of Viral Replication Compartment Induced by Tombusviruses.
abstract: Plant positive strand RNA viruses are intracellular infectious agents that take advantage of cellular lipids and membranes to support replication and protect viral RNA from degradation by host antiviral responses. In this review, we discuss how Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) co-opts lipid transfer proteins and modulates lipid metabolism and transport to facilitate the assembly of the membrane-bound viral replicase complexes within intricate replication compartments. Identification and characterization of the proviral roles of specific lipids and proteins involved in lipid metabolism based on results from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) model host and cell-free approaches are discussed. The review also highlights the advantage of using liposomes with chemically defined composition to identify specific lipids required for TBSV replication. Remarkably, all the known steps in TBSV replication are dependent on cellular lipids and co-opted membranes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA. pdnagy2@uky.edu.
authors.forename: Peter D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA. jpoga2@uky.edu.
authors.forename: Judit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pogany
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA. kai.xu@uky.edu.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008566:Membranes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000821:virology; D017864:Tombusvirus / Q000502:physiology*; D014779:Virus Replication
keywords: in vitro replication; lipid metabolism; lipid transfer proteins; lipidomics; membrane contact site; phospholipids; sterol; viral replicase complex; virus infection; yeast