title: Psychosis as presenting symptom in adult-onset Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome is characterized by pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs, and dysarthria and dementia. Psychiatric symptomatology can emerge in the course of the disorder. Mutations in the pantothenate kinase 2 gene have been found in many cases. We report a case with psychosis as sole presenting symptom.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 41-year-old man presented with change in behavior and paranoid delusional ideation. Six months later, spasticity, extrapyramidal rigidity and dysarthria were added to the picture. Eventually, the patient became mute and wheel-chair bound. The brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was consistent with iron depositions in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this case, the combination of clinical and MRI findings was consistent with Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome. The combination of psychiatric and MRI findings should lead to further neurological investigation.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Neurology, Neurogenetics Unit, Eginition Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Marios
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Panas
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Neurology, Neurogenetics Unit, Eginition Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Spengos
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Neurology, Neurogenetics Unit, Eginition Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koutsis
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Neurology, Neurogenetics Unit, Eginition Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tsivgoulis
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Neurology, Neurogenetics Unit, Eginition Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sfagos
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Neurology, Neurogenetics Unit, Eginition Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kalfakis
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Neurology, Neurogenetics Unit, Eginition Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Dimitris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vassilopoulos