title: Systolic blood pressure response after high-intensity interval exercise is independently related to decreased small arterial elasticity in normotensive African American women.
abstract: Aerobic exercise transiently lowers blood pressure. However, limited research has concurrently evaluated blood pressure and small arterial elasticity (SAE), an index of endothelial function, among African American (AA) and European American (EA) women the morning after (i.e., ≈22 h later) acute bouts of moderate-intensity continuous (MIC) and high-intensity interval (HII) exercise matched for total work. Because of greater gradients of shear stress, it was hypothesized that HII exercise would elicit a greater reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) compared to MIC exercise. After baseline, 22 AA and EA women initiated aerobic exercise training 3 times/week. Beginning at week 8, three follow-up assessments were conducted over the next 8 weeks at random to measure resting blood pressure and SAE. In total all participants completed 16 weeks of training. Follow-up evaluations were made: (i) in the trained state (TS; 8-16 weeks of aerobic training); (ii) ≈22 h after an acute bout of MIC exercise; and (iii) ≈22 h after an acute bout of HII exercise. Among AAs, the acute bout of HII exercise incited a significant increase in SBP (mm Hg) (TS, 121 ± 14 versus HII, 128 ± 14; p = 0.01) whereas responses (TS, 116 ± 12 versus HII, 113 ± 9; p = 0.34) did not differ in EAs. After adjusting for race, changes in SAE were associated (partial r = -0.533; p = 0.01) with changes in SBP following HII exercise. These data demonstrate an acute, unaccustomed bout of HII exercise produces physiological perturbations resulting in a significant increase in SBP that are independently associated with decreased SAE among AA women, but not EA women.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Human Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.|c Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.affiliation: c Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.|d Office of Energetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
authors.forename: TaShauna U
authors.initials: TU
authors.lastname: Goldsby
authors.affiliation: a Department of Human Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.|b Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.affiliation: a Department of Human Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
authors.forename: Eric P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Plaisance
authors.affiliation: b Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Gower
authors.affiliation: e Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Glasser
authors.affiliation: a Department of Human Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.|b Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
authors.forename: Gary R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Hunter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D001158:Arteries / Q000502:physiology*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001823:Body Composition; D001835:Body Weight; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000652:urine; D004548:Elasticity / Q000502:physiology*; D002149:Energy Intake; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology; D059289:Vascular Stiffness; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines
keywords: aerobic training; arterial stiffness; disparité sanitaire; endothelial function; entraînement aérobie; fonction endothéliale; health disparity; hypertension; race; rigidité artérielle