title: Interprovincial Reliance for Improving Air Quality in China: A Case Study on Black Carbon Aerosol.
abstract: Black carbon (BC) is of global concern because of its adverse effects on climate and human health. It can travel long distances via atmospheric movement and can be geographically relocated through trade. Here, we explored the integrated patterns of BC transport within 30 provinces in China from the perspective of meteorology and interprovincial trade using the Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF/Chem) model and multiregional input-output analysis. In general, cross-border BC transport, which accounts for more than 30% of the surface concentration, occurs mainly between neighboring provinces. Specifically, Hebei contributes 1.2 μg·m(-3) BC concentration in Tianjin. By contrast, trade typically drives virtual BC flows from developed provinces to heavily industrial provinces, with the largest net flow from Beijing to Hebei (4.2 Gg). Shanghai is most vulnerable to domestic consumption with an average interprovincial consumption influence efficiency of 1.5 × 10(-4) (μg·m(-3))/(billion Yuan·yr(-1)). High efficiencies (∼8 × 10(-5) (μg·m(-3))/(billion Yuan·yr(-1))) are also found from regions including Beijing, Jiangsu, and Shanghai to regions including Hebei, Shandong, and Henan. The above source-receptor relationship indicates two control zones: Huabei and Huadong. Both mitigating end-of-pipe emissions and rationalizing the demand for pollution-intense products are important within the two control zones to reduce BC and other pollutants.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Junfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Geography and Resource Management & Institute of Environment, Energy and Sustainability, the Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia , Norfolk, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Dabo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tao
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols / Q000032:analysis*; D000388:Air / Q000592:standards*; D001272:Atmosphere / Q000737:chemistry; D000068476:Beijing; D002681:China; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D053260:Soot / Q000032:analysis*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D053260:Soot