title: PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF GLUTATHIONE SUPPLEMENTATION AGAINST OXIDATIVE STRESS DURING CRYOPRESERVATION OF HUMAN SPERMATOZOA.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Freeze damage is one of the most important factors which impair the membrane and DNA integrity of sperm cells.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study aims to investigate glutathione (GSH) supplementation on human spermatozoa cryopreservation. We determined sperm motility and viability, sperm lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and the amount of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and superoxide (O(2)(-)).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty pooled semen samples were freeze with 5mM GSH for 10 minute (test) and without GSH as control and stored in liquid nitrogen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After thawing, cryovials supplemented with 5mM GSH led to higher sperm viability compared with control samples (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the addition of 5mM GSH decreased sperm lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation, and H(2)O(2) and O(2)(-) content compared with controls (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GSH can be a good free radical scavenger in the freezing media and can support function of sperm cell after a cycle of freezing and thawing.
authors.affiliation: Students Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Marzieh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghorbani
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Akram
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vatannejad
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Iraj
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Khodadadi
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Iraj
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Amiri
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. tavilani@umsha.ac.ir or tavilani@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Heidar
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tavilani
mesh_terms: D015925:Cryopreservation; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004249:DNA Damage; D005978:Glutathione / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D055101:Semen Analysis; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D013481:Superoxides; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D005978:Glutathione