title: Neuroprotection of taurine against reactive oxygen species is associated with inhibiting NADPH oxidases.
abstract: It is well established that taurine shows potent protection against glutamate-induced injury to neurons in stroke. The neuroprotection may result from multiple mechanisms. Increasing evidences suggest that NADPH oxidases (Nox), the primary source of superoxide induced by N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation, are involved in the process of oxidative stress. We found that 100μM NMDA induced oxidative stress by increasing the reactive oxygen species level, which contributed to the cell death, in vitro. Neuron cultures pretreated with 25mM taurine showed lower percentage of death cells and declined reactive oxygen species level. Moreover, taurine attenuated Nox2/Nox4 protein expression and enzyme activity and declined intracellular calcium intensity during NMDA-induced neuron injury. Additionally, taurine also showed neuroprotection against H2O2-induced injury, accompanying with Nox inhibition. So, we suppose that protection of taurine against reactive oxygen species during NMDA-induced neuron injury is associated with Nox inhibition, probably in a calcium-dependent manner.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li-Yan
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yu-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hai-Yin
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chun-Xia
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China; The key laboratory of human functional genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: dyzhu@njmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Dong-Ya
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000494:pharmacology; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013654:Taurine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013654:Taurine; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Calcium; NADPH oxidase; NMDA; Reactive oxygen species; Taurine