title: Estimations of dietary vitamin D requirements in black and white children.
abstract: The Institute of Medicine (IOM) dietary guidelines for vitamin D are based on limited pediatric data. Our objective was to estimate the dietary vitamin D requirements for maintaining serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations at the various IOM-considered thresholds of vitamin D status (12, 16, and 20 ng/ml) during fall and winter in children.
  
  
  
  Ninety-six healthy 8- to 14-y-old Pittsburgh-area black and white children enrolled in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D3 1,000 IU daily for 6 mo with baseline and 2-mo follow-up assessments completed during October through April were studied. Vitamin D intake from diet and study supplement adjusted for adherence and serum 25(OH)D were measured.
  
  
  
  The vitamin D intakes needed to maintain serum 25(OH)D concentrations at 12, 16, and 20 ng/ml in 90% of the children were 581, 1,062, and 1543 IU/day, respectively. The estimated vitamin D intakes needed to maintain serum 25(OH)D concentrations at 20 ng/ml in 97.5% of the children was 2,098 IU/day.
  
  
  
  Our data suggest that the current vitamin D recommended dietary allowance (RDA) (600 IU/day) is insufficient to cover the skeletal health needs of at least 50% of black and white children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Kumaravel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rajakumar
authors.affiliation: Dickson Advanced Analytics Group, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Charity G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.affiliation: Center for Research on Health Care, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.|Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yabes
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Flora
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Olabopo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Haralam
authors.affiliation: Center for Research on Health Care, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.|Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Comer
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Holick
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Susan L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Greenspan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001741:Black or African American; D044383:Black People; D002648:Child; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010372:Pediatrics; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood* / Q000208:ethnology*; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D