title: Heat-Killed Enterococcus faecalis EF-2001 Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis in a Murine Model.
abstract: Recent reports have shown the immunomodulatory effect of heat-killed lactic acid bacteria. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an allergic skin disease, caused by immune dysregulation among other factors. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of heat-killed Enterococcus faecalis EF-2001 (EF-2001) on AD. We established an in vivo AD model by repeated local exposure of Dermatophagoides farinae extract (DFE; house dust mite extract) and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) to the ears of mice. After oral administration of EF-2001 for four weeks, the epidermal and dermal ear thickness, mast cell infiltration, and serum immunoglobulin levels were measured. In addition, the gene expression levels of pathogenic cytokines in the ears, lymph nodes, and splenocytes were assayed. EF-2001 attenuated AD symptoms based on the ear thickness, histopathological analysis, and serum immunoglobulin levels. Moreover, EF-2001 decreased the DFE/DNCB-induced expression of various pathogenic cytokines in the ears, lymph nodes, and splenocytes. These results suggest that EF-2001 has therapeutic potential in the treatment of AD owing to its immunomodulatory effects.
authors.affiliation: Division of Sport Science, College of Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Korea. ooj7990@kku.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Eun-Ju
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Research &amp; Development Center, Korea BeRM Co. Ltd., Seoul 135-878, Korea. masa@brm.co.jp.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwasa
authors.affiliation: Research &amp; Development Center, Korea BeRM Co. Ltd., Seoul 135-878, Korea. kihan@berm.co.kr.
authors.forename: Kwon-Il
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Research &amp; Development Center, Korea BeRM Co. Ltd., Seoul 135-878, Korea. wanjae74@berm.co.kr.
authors.forename: Wan-Jae
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Food BioScience, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Korea. yuanxi00@kku.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yujiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science &amp; Culinary, International University of Korea, Jinju 660-759, Korea. hyjnara@kebi.com.
authors.forename: Young Joung
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education, Department of Physical Education, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Korea. cjr@kunsan.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jeong Ryong
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.affiliation: Department Pathology, Sanbon Medical Center, Wonkwang University, Sanbon 435-040, Korea. bladeroyal@naver.com.
authors.forename: Weon Cheol
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Ginseng and Medicinal Herb National Institute of Horticulture Herbal Science, RDA, Chungbuk 27709, Korea. totoro69@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Yu-Su
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Division of Food BioScience, College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Korea. eunkyungkim@kku.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Eun-Kyung
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006358:Hot Temperature; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D019936:Probiotics; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators
keywords: atopic dermatitis; heat-killed Enterococcus faecalis EF-2001; immunomodulatory; lactic acid bacteria; pathogenic cytokines