title: Induction of Colonic M Cells during Intestinal Inflammation.
abstract: Intestinal M (microfold) cells are specialized epithelial cells overlying lymphoid tissues in the small intestine. Unlike common enterocytes, M cells lack an organized apical brush border, and are able to transcytose microparticles across the mucosal barrier to underlying antigen-presenting cells. We found that in both the dextran sodium sulfate and Citrobacter rodentium models of colitis, significantly increased numbers of Peyer's patch (PP) phenotype M cells were induced at the peak of inflammation in colonic epithelium, often accompanied by loosely organized lamina propria infiltrates. PP type M cells are thought to be dependent on cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand; these cytokines were also found to be induced in the inflamed tissues. The induction of M cells was abrogated by anti-TNF-α blockade, suggesting that anti-TNF-α therapies may have similar effects in clinical settings, although the functional consequences are not clear. Our results suggest that inflammatory cytokine-induced PP type M cells may be a useful correlate of chronic intestinal inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Interdepartmental Graduate Program, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California; Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California.
authors.forename: Kaila M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California.
authors.forename: Erinn A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Parnell
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Interdepartmental Graduate Program, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California; Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California.
authors.forename: Candice
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sanscartier
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California.
authors.forename: Sophia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parks
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California.
authors.forename: Meera G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California. Electronic address: david.lo@ucr.edu.
authors.forename: David D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Lo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000073883:CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1; D044082:Citrobacter rodentium; D003092:Colitis / Q000473:pathology*; D003106:Colon / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D016264:Dextran Sulfate / Q000633:toxicity; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000503:physiopathology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007509:Irritants / Q000633:toxicity; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008871:Microvilli / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010581:Peyer's Patches; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000073883:CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1; C471885:Cx3cr1 protein, mouse; D016207:Cytokines; D007509:Irritants; C113582:Pglyrp1 protein, mouse; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016264:Dextran Sulfate