title: Magnetic Interactions at the Nanoscale in Trilayer Titanates.
abstract: We report on the phase diagram of competing magnetic interactions at the nanoscale in engineered ultrathin trilayer heterostructures of LaTiO_{3}/SrTiO_{3}/YTiO_{3}, in which the interfacial inversion symmetry is explicitly broken. Combined atomic layer resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy with electron energy loss spectroscopy and electrical transport have confirmed the formation of a spatially separated two-dimensional electron liquid and high density two-dimensional localized magnetic moments at the LaTiO_{3}/SrTiO_{3} and SrTiO_{3}/YTiO_{3} interfaces, respectively. Resonant soft x-ray linear dichroism spectroscopy has demonstrated the presence of orbital polarization of the conductive LaTiO_{3}/SrTiO_{3} and localized SrTiO_{3}/YTiO_{3} electrons. Our results provide a route with prospects for exploring new magnetic interfaces, designing a tunable two-dimensional d-electron Kondo lattice, and potential spin Hall applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA.
authors.forename: Yanwei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhenzhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kareev
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaoran
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Meyers
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Middey
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA.|Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Choudhury
authors.affiliation: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shafer
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiandong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Freeland
authors.affiliation: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arenholz
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chakhalian