title: Antidepressant-like effects of sodium butyrate and its possible mechanisms of action in mice exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress.
abstract: Sodium butyrate (NaB) has exhibited neuroprotective activity. This study aimed to explore that NaB exerts beneficial effects on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression-like behaviors and its possible mechanisms. The behavioral tests including sucrose preference test (SPT), open field test (OFT), tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST) were to evaluate the antidepressant effects of NaB. Then changes of Nissl's body in the hippocampus, brain serotonin (5-HT) concentration, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tight junctions (TJs) proteins level were assessed to explore the antidepressant mechanisms. Our results showed that CUMS caused significant depression-like behaviors, neuropathological changes, and decreased brain 5-HT concentration, TJs protein levels and BDNF expression in the hippocampus. However, NaB treatment significantly ameliorated behavioral deficits of the CUMS-induced mice, increased 5-HT concentration, increased BDNF expression, and up-regulated Occludin and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1) protein levels in the hippocampus, which demonstrated that NaB could partially restore CUMS-induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairments. Besides, the pathologic changes were alleviated. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that NaB significantly improved depression-like behaviors in CUMS-induced mice and its antidepressant actions might be related with, at least in part, the increasing brain 5-HT concentration and BDNF expression and restoring BBB impairments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 College West Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathophysiology, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
authors.forename: Fangyan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
authors.forename: Guangliang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
authors.forename: Mengqi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
authors.forename: Hailing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
authors.forename: Haixiao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
authors.forename: Renchi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, 1210 University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China. Electronic address: wzjiaming_liu@163.com.
authors.forename: Jiaming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism; D020148:Butyric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D062725:Tight Junction Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D062725:Tight Junction Proteins; D020148:Butyric Acid; D012701:Serotonin
keywords: 5-HT; Antidepressant; BDNF; Blood–brain barrier (BBB); Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS); Sodium butyrate