title: Ultrastructural investigation of the protective effects of propolis on bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis.
abstract: We investigated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of propolis on bleomycin induced lung fibrosis and compared these effects to prednisolone treatment. Forty rats were divided into four groups of ten: group 1 was treated with intratracheal infusion of 0.2 ml physiological saline followed by daily treatment with 0.5 ml physiological saline for 20 days. In the remaining groups (groups 2 - 4), 5 mg/kg bleomycin was given via the trachea. Rats in group 2 were given 0.5 ml physiological saline. Rats in group 3 were treated with 100 mg/kg propolis, and 10 mg/kg prednisolone was given to rats in group 4. The treatments for all groups were continued for 20 days. On postoperative day 21, blood and lung samples were taken for biochemistry, histopathology and electron microscopy evaluation. We compared oxidative stress parameters and found lower malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase levels, and higher total sulfhydryl levels and catalase activities for the bleomycin + propolis group than for the bleomycin and bleomycin + prednisolone groups. The highest mean fibrosis score was detected in the bleomycin group. Although the mean fibrosis scores of the bleomycin + propolis and bleomycin + prednisolone groups were not significantly different, electron microscopy revealed that propolis diminished bleomycin induced lung fibrosis more effectively than prednisolone. The effects of propolis might be due to its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
authors.affiliation: a Ankara Education and Research Hospital , Department of Chest Diseases , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bilgin
authors.affiliation: b Ankara Education and Research Hospital , Department of General Surgery , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kismet
authors.affiliation: b Ankara Education and Research Hospital , Department of General Surgery , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuru
authors.affiliation: b Ankara Education and Research Hospital , Department of General Surgery , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.affiliation: c Ankara Education and Research Hospital , Department of Biochemistry , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Senes
authors.affiliation: c Ankara Education and Research Hospital , Department of Biochemistry , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bayrakceken
authors.affiliation: d Harran University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Department of Pathology , Sanliurfa , Turkey.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yumusak
authors.affiliation: e Ankara University Medical Faculty , Department of Histology and Embryology , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: F T
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Celikkan
authors.affiliation: e Ankara University Medical Faculty , Department of Histology and Embryology , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Erdemli
authors.affiliation: f Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science , Department of Biology , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: O G
authors.initials: OG
authors.lastname: Celemli
authors.affiliation: f Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science , Department of Biology , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sorkun
authors.affiliation: g Ankara Education and Research Hospital , Department of Nuclear Medicine , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koca
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001761:Bleomycin; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D011429:Propolis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001761:Bleomycin; D011429:Propolis
keywords: anti-inflammatory; antioxidant; bleomycin; fibrosis; lung; propolis