title: Direct application of bFGF without edge trimming on human subacute tympanic membrane perforation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the feasibility of direct application of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) without edge trimming on human subacute traumatic tympanic membrane perforation (TMP).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 29 patients with traumatic TMPs beyond 1 month after trauma were enrolled. Patients were placed into two groups: an observation group (n=17) and a bFGF-treated group (n=12). The bFGF-treated group was treated by direct application of bFGF, in which the margin of the perforation was not trimmed. All patients were followed at least once per week until the perforation was completely closed or for up to 6 months. The closure rate and closure time were estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 6 months, 11/12 (91.7%) perforations achieved complete closure after bFGF treatment. The mean closure time was 18.1 ± 11.4 days (range=3-65 days). Purulent otorrhea was found after treatment in five patients, but resolved after oral amoxicillin and ofloxacin ear drops. Of these five patients, four achieved complete closure. However, only 9/17 (52.9%) perforations achieved complete spontaneous closure in the observation group. FGF-treated groups had significantly improved closure rates compared to the observation group (91.7% vs. 52.9%, respectively, P=0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the margin of the perforation was not trimmed, direct application of bFGF on human subacute TMP was feasible, and it could significantly improve the closure rate of the subacute TMPs. The technique was simple and convenient. Thus, direct application of bFGF should be recommended pre-myringoplasty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Yiwu Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address: louzhengcai@163.com.
authors.forename: Zhengcai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Binzhou Centre Hospital, Shandong, China. Electronic address: hpent@163.com.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Yiwu Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address: 31616641@qq.com.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address: xfxj2000@126.com.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The 8th People's Hospital of Dongguan, Hainan, China. Electronic address: drcj2663@163.com.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009225:Myringoplasty; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014432:Tympanic Membrane / Q000293:injuries*; D018058:Tympanic Membrane Perforation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2