title: [Surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli producing urinary tract infections in Galicia (Spain)].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Escherichia coli is the microorganism responsible for most of the community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTI). Our purpose was to determine the susceptibility of E. coli associated with UTI in Galicia and consider the most appropriate antibiotics for empirical treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study during the period 2011- 2012 of the isolation of E. coli in urine samples from almost all the Galician population. Demographic variables, minimum inhibitory concentration, and reading data were collected: amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefotaxime, gentamicin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin. The identification and susceptibility studies were mainly conducted by automated systems. The interpretation of the results was performed according to CLSI criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period 55,046 E. coli were isolated in UTI. The percentages of resistance were: cotrimoxazole, 30%; ciprofloxacin, 33%; amoxicillin-clavulanate, 23% and 10% for 3rd generation cephalosporins. Fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin showed the highest activity with more than 96% of susceptibility in our study. The linear trend of resistance regarding age was statistically significant (p <0.0001) as it was regarding males (p <0.00001) for all antibiotics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In Galicia, the most active antibiotics against E. coli associated with UTI are fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin so they should be considered as empirical treatment of choice by the community-acquired UTI not complicated by E. coli.
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Treviño
authors.affiliation: Isabel Losada Castillo, Servizo de Epidemioloxía, Dirección Xeral de Innovación e Xestión da Saúde Pública, Consellería de Sanidade, Edif. San Lázaro s/n, 15703 Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain. isabel.losada.castillo@sergas.es.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Losada
authors.forename: Begoña
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fernández-Pérez
authors.forename: Amparo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coira
authors.forename: Maria F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Peña-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Xurxo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hervada
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D062486:Public Health Surveillance; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations