title: Bioengineered Magnetoferritin Nanoprobes for Single-Dose Nuclear-Magnetic Resonance Tumor Imaging.
abstract: Despite all the advances in multimodal imaging, it remains a significant challenge to acquire both magnetic resonance and nuclear imaging in a single dose because of the enormous difference in sensitivity. Indeed, nuclear imaging is almost 10(6)-fold more sensitive than magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); thus, repeated injections are generally required to obtain sufficient MR signals after nuclear imaging. Here, we show that strategically engineered magnetoferritin nanoprobes can image tumors with high sensitivity and specificity using SPECT and MRI in living mice after a single intravenous injection. The magnetoferritin nanoprobes composed of (125)I radionuclide-conjugated human H-ferritin iron nanocages ((125)I-M-HFn) internalize robustly into cancer cells via a novel tumor-specific HFn-TfR1 pathway. In particular, the endocytic recycling characteristic of TfR1 transporters solves the nuclear signal blocking issue caused by the high dose nanoprobes injected for MRI, thus enabling simultaneous functional and morphological tumor imaging without reliance on multi-injections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging , Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Yanzhao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical/Chinese Academy of Sciences-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology/Beijing Translational Engineering Center of Biomacromolecular Drugs, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Minmin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging , Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical/Chinese Academy of Sciences-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology/Beijing Translational Engineering Center of Biomacromolecular Drugs, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Kelong
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging , Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging , Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Yanli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging , Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Hongcheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical/Chinese Academy of Sciences-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology/Beijing Translational Engineering Center of Biomacromolecular Drugs, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States.
authors.forename: Hak Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging , Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Dengfeng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical/Chinese Academy of Sciences-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology/Beijing Translational Engineering Center of Biomacromolecular Drugs, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Xiyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D001052:Apoferritins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D064593:Heterografts; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000737:chemistry*; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin / Q000378:metabolism; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; C068126:CD71 antigen; D003287:Contrast Media; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D010087:Oxides; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin; C088922:magnetoferritin; D001052:Apoferritins; D007501:Iron
keywords: diagnostic imaging; magnetoferritin nanoparticles; multimodal imaging; nuclear signal blocking; tumor targeting