title: The impact of diabetes and other metabolic disorders on prostate cancer prognosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) and other metabolic disorders on the survival of men with prostate cancer (PCa).
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective cohort-study based on 715 men with PCa, originally enrolled in an Italian case-control study between 1995 and 2002. Anthropometric measures, self-reported medical conditions, and Gleason score were assessed at enrollment. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of death, with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), were estimated using Fine and Gray's regression model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a median follow-up of 11.6years, 244 (34.1%) deaths occurred, 77 (31.6%) due to PCa. Excess mortality from all causes was reported in PCa patients with DM (HR=1.56, 95% CI: 1.03-2.36), which increased to 1.76 (95% CI: 0.99-3.13) when at least two out of three metabolic disorders (i.e., waist circumference ≥102cm, drug-treated hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia) were additionally present. The impact of metabolic disorders was stronger on non-PCa-specific mortality with HRs equal to 2.21 (95% CI: 1.38-3.54) for DM, 1.45 (95% CI: 0.97-2.19) for waist circumference ≥102cm, and 1.63 (95% CI: 1.19-2.22) for drug-treated hypertension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DM and other metabolic disorders unfavorably affected the survival of PCa patients, mainly impacting on the risk of death from causes other than PCa.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy. Electronic address: polesel@cro.it.
authors.forename: Jerry
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Polesel
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy. Electronic address: agini@cro.it.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gini
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy. Electronic address: dalmaso@cro.it.
authors.forename: Luigino
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dal Maso
authors.affiliation: Venetian Cancer Registry, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, Passaggio Gaudenzio 1, 35131 Padua (PD), Italy. Electronic address: carmen.stocco@ioveneto.it.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stocco
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy. Electronic address: birris@cro.it.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Birri
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy. Electronic address: mtaborelli@cro.it.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taborelli
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy. Electronic address: serrainod@cro.it.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Serraino
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy. Electronic address: zucchetto.epi@cro.it.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zucchetto
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000150:complications*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009026:Mortality; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000150:complications*; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D057566:Self Report; D016019:Survival Analysis; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents
keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Metabolic disorders; Obesity; Prostate cancer; Survival