title: Rational design of a comprehensive cancer therapy platform using temperature-sensitive polymer grafted hollow gold nanospheres: simultaneous chemo/photothermal/photodynamic therapy triggered by a 650 nm laser with enhanced anti-tumor efficacy.
abstract: Combining multi-model treatments within one single system has attracted great interest for the purpose of synergistic therapy. In this paper, hollow gold nanospheres (HAuNs) coated with a temperature-sensitive polymer, poly(oligo(ethylene oxide) methacrylate-co-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate) (p(OEGMA-co-MEMA)), co-loaded with DOX and a photosensitizer Chlorin e6 (Ce6) were successfully synthesized. As high as 58% DOX and 6% Ce6 by weight could be loaded onto the HAuNs-p(OEGMA-co-MEMA) nanocomposites. The grafting polymer brushes outside the HAuNs play the role of "gate molecules" for controlled drug release by 650 nm laser radiation owing to the temperature-sensitive property of the polymer and the photothermal effect of HAuNs. The HAuNs-p(OEGMA-co-MEMA)-Ce6-DOX nanocomposites with 650 nm laser radiation show effective inhibition of cancer cells in vitro and enhanced anti-tumor efficacy in vivo. In contrast, control groups without laser radiation show little cytotoxicity. The nanocomposite demonstrates a way of "killing three birds with one stone", that is, chemotherapy, photothermal and photodynamic therapy are triggered simultaneously by the 650 nm laser stimulation. Therefore, the nanocomposites show the great advantages of multi-modal synergistic effects for cancer therapy by a remote-controlled laser stimulus.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. jlin@ciac.ac.cn zycheng@ciac.ac.cn zyhou@ciac.ac.cn and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoran
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. jlin@ciac.ac.cn zycheng@ciac.ac.cn zyhou@ciac.ac.cn and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
authors.forename: Yinyin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. jlin@ciac.ac.cn zycheng@ciac.ac.cn zyhou@ciac.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Ziyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. jlin@ciac.ac.cn zycheng@ciac.ac.cn zyhou@ciac.ac.cn and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
authors.forename: Kerong
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. jlin@ciac.ac.cn zycheng@ciac.ac.cn zyhou@ciac.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Ping'an
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. jlin@ciac.ac.cn zycheng@ciac.ac.cn zyhou@ciac.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Zhiyao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. jlin@ciac.ac.cn zycheng@ciac.ac.cn zyhou@ciac.ac.cn and Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
authors.forename: Bei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. jlin@ciac.ac.cn zycheng@ciac.ac.cn zyhou@ciac.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
authors.forename: Dayong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China. jlin@ciac.ac.cn zycheng@ciac.ac.cn zyhou@ciac.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004220:Disulfides; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004358:Drug Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry; D054118:Nanospheres / Q000737:chemistry; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D010789:Phototherapy / Q000379:methods*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D055672:Static Electricity; D013696:Temperature; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004220:Disulfides; D011108:Polymers; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D006046:Gold