title: HLA-B51 Carriers are Susceptible to Ocular Symptoms of Behçet Disease and the Association between the Two Becomes Stronger towards the East along the Silk Road: A Literature Survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Behçet disease (BD) is predominantly found between East Asia and the Mediterranean basin along the historic Silk Road. HLA-B51 is known to be strongly associated with BD. We investigated the association between HLA-B51 and the ocular manifestations of BD among various ethnic groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature survey was conducted, and 18 articles written in English were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A strong correlation was found between HLA-B51 and ocular lesions in the entire cohort discussed in the reviewed articles (OR = 1.76, p = 0.000057). HLA-B51 was shown to have a strong association with ocular manifestations of BD patients in East-Eurasian (OR = 2.40, p = 0.0030) and Middle-Eurasian (OR = 1.87, p = 0.0045), but not in West-Eurasian (OR = 1.28, p = 0.35) areas. This correlation seemed to become stronger towards the east.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A meta-analysis showed that the correlation became stronger towards the east along the Silk Road. The study results may facilitate understanding of the etiology and characteristics of BD.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Health Sciences University of Hokkaido , Sapporo , Japan.
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Horie
authors.affiliation: b Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meguro
authors.affiliation: c Research Institute of Personalized Heath Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido , Tobetsu , Japan.
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.affiliation: d Department of Internal Medicine and Graduate Program in Immunology , Medical Research Center, Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Bong
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: e Department of Ophthalmology , Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine , Sapporo , Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Namba
authors.affiliation: e Department of Ophthalmology , Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine , Sapporo , Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuomi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizuuchi
authors.affiliation: e Department of Ophthalmology , Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine , Sapporo , Japan.
authors.forename: Daiju
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.affiliation: b Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science , Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine , Yokohama , Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuhisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mizuki
authors.affiliation: f Department of Legal Medicine , Shinshu University School of Medicine , Matsumoto , Japan.
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.affiliation: g Department of Molecular Life Science , Tokai University School of Medicine , Isehara , Japan.
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inoko
authors.affiliation: e Department of Ophthalmology , Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine , Sapporo , Japan.
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.affiliation: e Department of Ophthalmology , Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine , Sapporo , Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeaki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Health Sciences University of Hokkaido , Sapporo , Japan.|e Department of Ophthalmology , Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine , Sapporo , Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kitaichi
mesh_terms: D001208:Asia / Q000453:epidemiology; D001528:Behcet Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D005006:Ethnicity; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D059949:HLA-B51 Antigen / Q000235:genetics*; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D059949:HLA-B51 Antigen
keywords: BD; Silk Road disease; meta-analysis; ocular manifestation