title: Molecular Cloning and Expression Analysis of Eight PgWRKY Genes in Panax ginseng Responsive to Salt and Hormones.
abstract: Despite the importance of WRKY genes in plant physiological processes, little is known about their roles in Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. Forty-eight unigenes on this species were previously reported as WRKY transcripts using the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. Subsequently, one gene that encodes PgWRKY1 protein belonging to subgroup II-d was cloned and functionally characterized. In this study, eight WRKY genes from the NGS-based transcriptome sequencing dataset designated as PgWRKY2-9 have been cloned and characterized. The genes encoding WRKY proteins were assigned to WRKY Group II (one subgroup II-c, four subgroup II-d, and three subgroup II-e) based on phylogenetic analysis. The cDNAs of the cloned PgWRKYs encode putative proteins ranging from 194 to 358 amino acid residues, each of which includes one WRKYGQK sequence motif and one C₂H₂-type zinc-finger motif. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis demonstrated that the eight analyzed PgWRKY genes were expressed at different levels in various organs including leaves, roots, adventitious roots, stems, and seeds. Importantly, the transcription responses of these PgWRKYs to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) showed that PgWRKY2, PgWRKY3, PgWRKY4, PgWRKY5, PgWRKY6, and PgWRKY7 were downregulated by MeJA treatment, while PgWRKY8 and PgWRKY9 were upregulated to varying degrees. Moreover, the PgWRKY genes increased or decreased by salicylic acid (SA), abscisic acid (ABA), and NaCl treatments. The results suggest that the PgWRKYs may be multiple stress-inducible genes responding to both salt and hormones.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China. haoxiu1990@163.com.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xiu
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China. nzaman_global@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nuruzzaman
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China. 142511013@csu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiangqian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China. caohongzhe1986@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Hongzhe
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China. huangjj1985@126.com.
authors.forename: Jingjia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China. chenxianghui@163.com.
authors.forename: Xianghui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China. wukunlu@163.com.
authors.forename: Kunlu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China. zhangru2002@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Ru
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China. 15399906281@163.com.
authors.forename: Yuzhao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China. jlluo@scripps.edu.
authors.forename: Junli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China. luozhiyong@csu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000085:Acetates / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism; D005894:Panax / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D012492:Salts / Q000378:metabolism; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism*; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D054883:Oxylipins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012492:Salts; D014157:Transcription Factors; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D000040:Abscisic Acid; C072239:methyl jasmonate; D020156:Salicylic Acid
keywords: Panax ginseng; abiotic stress; transcription factors