title: Evidence of moderation effects in predicting active transport to school.
abstract: Distance from home to school is an important influence on the decision to use active transport (AT); however, ecological perspectives would suggest this relationship may be moderated by individual, interpersonal and environmental factors. This study investigates whether (i) gender, (ii) biological maturation, (iii) perceived family support for physical activity (PA) and (iv) multiple deprivation moderate the relationship between distance to school and AT.
  
  
  
  A total of 611 children (11-12 years old, 334 females) were recruited from schools in Leicestershire, UK. Gender, family support for PA, and AT were self-reported. Home and school postcodes were used to determine multiple deprivation and distance to school (km). Predicted age at peak height velocity was used to indicate biological maturation.
  
  
  
  Logistic regressions revealed the main effects explained 40.2% of the variance in AT; however; distance to school was the only significant predictor. Further analyses revealed that distance to school had a greater negative impact on the use of AT in late-maturing (OR: 3.60, CI: 1.45-8.96), less deprived (OR: 3.54, CI: 1.17-10.72) and children with low family support of PA (OR: 0.26, CI: 0.11-0.61).
  
  
  
  This study provides evidence that, although distance to school might be the strongest predictor of AT, this relationship is complex.
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine; School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK.
authors.forename: Katy P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Garnham-Lee
authors.affiliation: The NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Unit in Nutrition, Diet and Lifestyle, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK.
authors.forename: Catherine L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Falconer
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine; School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK.|NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK.
authors.forename: Lauren B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Sherar
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine; School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK.
authors.forename: Ian M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D040362:Geographic Information Systems; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012574:Schools; D057566:Self Report; D014186:Transportation; D006113:United Kingdom
keywords: children; physical activity; transport