title: Perfusion-decellularized skeletal muscle as a three-dimensional scaffold with a vascular network template.
abstract: There exists a great need for repair grafts with similar volume to human skeletal muscle that can promote the innate ability of muscle to regenerate following volumetric muscle loss. Perfusion decellularization is an attractive technique for extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffold from intact mammalian organ or tissue which has been successfully used in tissue reconstruction. The perfusion-decellularization of skeletal muscle has been poorly assessed and characterized, but the bioactivity and functional capacity of the obtained perfusion skeletal muscle ECM (pM-ECM) to remodel in vivo is unknown. In the present study, pM-ECM was prepared from porcine rectus abdominis (RA). Perfusion-decellularization of porcine RA effectively removed cellular and nuclear material while retaining the intricate three-dimensional microarchitecture and vasculature networks of the native RA, and many of the bioactive ECM components and mechanical properties. In vivo, partial-thickness abdominal wall defects in rats repaired with pM-ECM showed improved neovascularization, myogenesis and functional recellularization compared to porcine-derived small intestinal submucosa (SIS). These findings show the biologic potential of RA pM-ECM as a scaffold for supporting site appropriate, tissue reconstruction, and provide a better understanding of the importance maintaining the tissue-specific complex three-dimensional architecture of ECM during decellularization and regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, PR China; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai Zhabei District Central Hospital, Shanghai 200072, PR China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhi Qian
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
authors.forename: Neill J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, PR China.
authors.forename: Shi Feng
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.affiliation: Department of Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai Zhabei District Central Hospital, Shanghai 200072, PR China.
authors.forename: Wen Yue
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, PR China.
authors.forename: Hai Yang
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Zhabei District Central Hospital, Shanghai 200072, PR China.
authors.forename: Hong Wei
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, PR China; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai Zhabei District Central Hospital, Shanghai 200072, PR China; Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Zhabei District Central Hospital, Shanghai 200072, PR China. Electronic address: wang2929@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA. Electronic address: badylaks@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Stephen F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Badylak
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D000007:Abdominal Injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001705:Bioprosthesis; D002460:Cell Line; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000737:chemistry / Q000637:transplantation*; D005260:Female; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000637:transplantation*; D010477:Perfusion; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013552:Swine; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
keywords: Abdominal defect repair; Extracellular matrix; Perfusion decellularization; Skeletal muscle; Three-dimensional scaffold; Volumetric muscle loss