title: Tryptophan-induced pathogenesis of breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The pathogenesis of breast cancer remains unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the pathogenesis of breast cancer through targeted metabolomics of amino acids components in serum of patients with breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with breast cancers were enrolled in our hospital between year January 1(st), 2013 and December 31(st), 2014. Targeted analysis of amino acids was performed using ESI-QTOF-MS instrument. In vitro experiment was performed to determine the influence of tryptophan towards interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion by CD4+ T cell.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Targeted metabolomics of amino acids showed that the level of tryptophan significantly (p<0.05) increased in patients with breast cancer. Furthermore, the biological function of tryptophan was determined through determining the influence of tryptophan towards IL-10 secretion using in vitro method. The addition of tryptophan (100 uM) in the cell medium can significantly inhibited the secretion of IL-10 by CD4+ T cells, as indicated by the mRNA level and protein concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The inhibition of IL-10 secretion by CD4+ T cells is a potential pathogenesis of breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Si'hong County People's Hospital, Si'hong, Jiangsu, 223900, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhu-Gen
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xu'zhou, Jiangsu, 221002, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Bing
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, Huai'an, Jiangsu223002, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Fang-Fang
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R.China.
authors.forename: Lei-Lei
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; C508609:IL10 protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016753:Interleukin-10; D014364:Tryptophan
keywords: T cell; breast cancer; interleukin-10 (IL-10); pathogenesis