title: HCV and Oxidative Stress: Implications for HCV Life Cycle and HCV-Associated Pathogenesis.
abstract: HCV (hepatitis C virus) is a member of the Flaviviridae family that contains a single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome of approximately 9600 bases. HCV is a major causative agent for chronic liver diseases such as steatosis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma which are caused by multifactorial processes. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered as a major factor contributing to HCV-associated pathogenesis. This review summarizes the mechanisms involved in formation of ROS in HCV replicating cells and describes the interference of HCV with ROS detoxifying systems. The relevance of ROS for HCV-associated pathogenesis is reviewed with a focus on the interference of elevated ROS levels with processes controlling liver regeneration. The overview about the impact of ROS for the viral life cycle is focused on the relevance of autophagy for the HCV life cycle and the crosstalk between HCV, elevated ROS levels, and the induction of autophagy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 51-59, 63225 Langen, Germany.
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Medvedev
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 51-59, 63225 Langen, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ploen
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 51-59, 63225 Langen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Gießen-Marburg-Langen, 63225 Langen, Germany.
authors.forename: Eberhard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hildt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000502:physiology*; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species