title: Development and Validation of a Lateral Flow Immunoassay Test Kit for Dual Detection of Casein and β-Lactoglobulin Residues.
abstract: Allergies to cow's milk are very common and can present as life-threatening anaphylaxis. Consequently, food labeling legislation mandates that foods containing milk residues, including casein and/or β-lactoglobulin, provide an indication of such on the product label. Because contamination with either component independent of the other can occur during food manufacturing, effective allergen management measures for containment of milk residues necessitates the use of dual screening methods. To assist the food industry in improving food safety practices, we have developed a rapid lateral flow immunoassay test kit that reliably reports both residues down to 0.01 μg per swab and 0.1 ppm of protein for foods. The assay utilizes both sandwich and competitive format test lines and is specific for bovine milk residues. Selectivity testing using a panel of matrices with potentially interfering substances, including commonly used sanitizing agents, indicated reduction in the limit of detection by one-to fourfold. With food, residues were easily detected in all cow's milk-based foods tested, but goat and sheep milk residues were not detected. Specificity analysis revealed no cross-reactivity with common commodities, with the exception of kidney beans when present at high concentrations (> 1%). The development of a highly sensitive and rapid test method capable of detecting trace amounts of casein and/or β-lactoglobulin should aid food manufacturers and regulatory agencies in monitoring for milk allergens in environmental and food samples.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology, Inc., 15300 Bothell Way N.E., Lake Forest Park, Washington 98155, USA.
authors.forename: Jongkit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Masiri
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology, Inc., 15300 Bothell Way N.E., Lake Forest Park, Washington 98155, USA.
authors.forename: Brianda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Barrios-Lopez
authors.affiliation: IEH Laboratories and Consulting Group, Inc., 15300 Bothell Way N.E., Lake Forest Park, Washington 98155, USA.
authors.forename: Lora
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Benoit
authors.affiliation: Taylor Farms, 1275 Hansen Street, Salinas, California 93901, USA.
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tamayo
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology, Inc., 15300 Bothell Way N.E., Lake Forest Park, Washington 98155, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Day
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology, Inc., 15300 Bothell Way N.E., Lake Forest Park, Washington 98155, USA.
authors.forename: Cesar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nadala
authors.affiliation: Pi Bioscientific, Inc., 8315 Lake City Way N.E., Seattle, Washington 98115, USA.
authors.forename: Shao-Lei
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology, Inc., 15300 Bothell Way N.E., Lake Forest Park, Washington 98155, USA. IEH Laboratories and Consulting Group, Inc., 15300 Bothell Way N.E., Lake Forest Park, Washington 98155, USA. ms@iehinc.com.
authors.forename: Mansour
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Samadpour
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002364:Caseins / Q000032:analysis*; D002417:Cattle; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D006041:Goats; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods*; D007782:Lactoglobulins / Q000032:analysis*; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D002364:Caseins; D007782:Lactoglobulins