title: Degradation of bifenthrin and pirimiphos-methyl residues in stored wheat grains (Triticum aestivum L.) by ozonation.
abstract: Pesticide insecticides are used on wheat grains in storage units but their efficiency is hindered by persistent residues in the grains. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ozone (O3) gas treatment on the degradation of residual bifenthrin and pirimiphos-methyl insecticides commonly used in storage wheat grains, as well as to evaluate degradation of their by-products. The residues of bifenthrin decreased after 180 min of exposure in a concentration of 60 μmol/mol (a 37.5 ± 7.4% reduction) with 20% moisture content and 0.9 water activity. On the other hand, under the same experimental conditions, the pirimiphos-methyl residues significantly decreased in the wheat grains (71.1 ± 8.6%) after 30 min of exposure. After O3 gas treatment, three by-products of pirimiphos-methyl (m/z=306.1) containing different molecular mass to charge ratios (m/z=278.1, 301.1 and 319.2) were identified by LC-MS. O3 is a strong oxidizer that has shown the potential to reduce pesticide residues in stored grain in order to ensure food quality and safety.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Mycotoxicology and Food Contaminants, Food Science and Technology Department, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Electronic address: geovanasavi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Geovana D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Savi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Mycotoxicology and Food Contaminants, Food Science and Technology Department, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Electronic address: karim.piacentini@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Karim C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Piacentini
authors.affiliation: Center of Structural Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Electronic address: tiago.bortolotto@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Tiago
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bortolotto
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Mycotoxicology and Food Contaminants, Food Science and Technology Department, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Electronic address: vildescussel_2000@yahoo.co.uk.
authors.forename: Vildes M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Scussel
mesh_terms: D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D061353:Food Storage; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D010126:Ozone / Q000737:chemistry*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D011722:Pyrethrins; C014153:pirimiphos methyl; D010126:Ozone; C099952:bifenthrin
keywords: Bifenthrin; Bifenthrin (PubChem CID: 6442842); By-products degradation; Ozone gas; Pirimiphos-methyl; Pirimiphos-methyl (PubChem CID: 34526); Wheat grains