title: Solution Behavior of the Intrinsically Disordered N-Terminal Domain of Retinoid X Receptor α in the Context of the Full-Length Protein.
abstract: Retinoid X receptors (RXRs) are transcription factors with important functions in embryonic development, metabolic processes, differentiation, and apoptosis. A particular feature of RXRs is their ability to act as obligatory heterodimerization partners of class II nuclear receptors. At the same time, these receptors are also able to form homodimers that bind to direct repeat separated by one nucleotide hormone response elements. Since the discovery of RXRs, most of the studies focused on its ligand binding and DNA binding domains, while its N-terminal domain (NTD) harboring a ligand-independent activation function remained poorly characterized. Here, we investigated the solution properties of the NTD of RXRα alone and in the context of the full-length receptor using small-angle X-ray scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We report the solution structure of the full-length homodimeric RXRα on DNA and show that the NTD remains highly flexible within this complex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U964 / Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7104 / Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Belorusova
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U964 / Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7104 / Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France.
authors.forename: Judit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Osz
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Outstation, Notkestrasse 85, 22603 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Maxim V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Petoukhov
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U964 / Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7104 / Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France.
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peluso-Iltis
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U964 / Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7104 / Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kieffer
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Outstation, Notkestrasse 85, 22603 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Dmitri I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Svergun
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Structural Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U964 / Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7104 / Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France.
authors.forename: Natacha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rochel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D007313:Insecta; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000502:physiology; D047490:Retinoid X Receptor alpha / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D047490:Retinoid X Receptor alpha; D004247:DNA