title: The importance of surgical margins in renal cell and urothelial carcinomas.
abstract: This chapter reviews the prevalence, outcomes, and management of positive surgical margins for patients with either renal cell or urothelial carcinomas. Though renal cell carcinoma tends to be resistant to conventional radio- or chemotherapy, kidney cancer patients with positive surgical margins can often be managed with close surveillance with acceptable outcomes. On the other hand, urothelial tumors tend to be more aggressive, and positive surgical margins after radical cystectomy often requires adjuvant therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Mehrdad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alemozaffar
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.|Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia.
authors.forename: Christopher P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Filson
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Viraj A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Master
mesh_terms: D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D015653:Cystectomy / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005629:Frozen Sections; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual / Q000517:prevention & control; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D059351:Organ Sparing Treatments / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery; D014571:Urologic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D019459:Urothelium / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
keywords: nephron-sparing surgery; positive surgical margins; radical cystectomy; renal cell carcinoma; urothelial carcinoma