title: Modulatory Effects of Antidepressant Classes on the Innate and Adaptive Immune System in Depression.
abstract: Current reviews exploring for unique immune-modulatory profiles of antidepressant classes are limited by focusing mainly on cytokine modulation only and neglecting other aspects of the innate and adaptive immune system. These reviews also do not include recent comparative clinical trials, immune-genetic studies and therapeutics with unique neurotransmitter profiles (e. g., agomelatine). This systematic review extends the established literature by comprehensively reviewing the effects of antidepressants classes on both the innate and adaptive immune system. Antidepressants appear, in general, to reduce pro-inflammatory factor levels, particularly C-reactive protein (CRP), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. We caution against conclusions as to which antidepressant possesses the greater anti-inflammatory effect, given the methodological heterogeneity among studies and the small number of comparative studies. The effects of antidepressant classes on adaptive immune factors are complex and poorly understood, and few studies have been conducted. Methodological heterogeneity is high among these studies (e. g., length of study, cohort characteristics, dosage used and immune marker analysis). We recommend larger, comparative studies - in clinical and pre-clinical populations.
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Eyre
authors.affiliation: Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lavretsky
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kartika
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Qassim
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Baune
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000145:classification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents