title: Acetylation of oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber as an adsorbent for removal of crude oil.
abstract: Removal of oil spillage from the environment is a global concern. Various methods, including the use of fibers as sorbents, have been developed for oil spill control. Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fiber is a plant biomass that may be acetylated by acetic anhydride using N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) as a catalyst; here, the extent of acetylation may be calculated in terms of weight percent gain (WPG). The modified fiber was used to remove Tapis and Arabian crude oils. The optimum time, temperature, and catalyst concentration were 4 h, 120 °C, and 3 %, respectively, and these parameters could achieve an 11.49 % increase in WPG. The optimized parameters improved the adsorption capacity of OPEFB fibers for crude oil removal. The acetylated OPEFB fibers were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy to observe the functional groups available and morphology. Kinetic and isotherm studies were conducted using different contact times and oil/water ratios. The rate of oil sorption onto the OPEFB fibers can be adequately described by the pseudo-second-order equation. Adsorption studies revealed that adsorption of crude oil on treated OPEFB fiber could be best described by the Langmuir isotherm model.
authors.affiliation: Geosciences and Petroleum Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia. asadpour1981@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Robabeh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Asadpour
authors.affiliation: Civil Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nasiman B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Sapari
authors.affiliation: Civil Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohamed Hasnain
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Isa
authors.affiliation: Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Saeid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kakooei
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000327:Adsorption; D028023:Arecaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D018533:Biomass; D005638:Fruit; D007700:Kinetics; D010578:Petroleum; D059392:Petroleum Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D010578:Petroleum
keywords: Acetylation; Kinetic and isotherm studies; Oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber; Oil spill; Sorption capacity