title: Antihypertensive Medications and the Survival Rate of Osseointegrated Dental Implants: A Cohort Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Antihypertensive drugs in general are beneficial for bone formation and remodeling, and are associated with lower risk of bone fractures. As osseointegration is influenced by bone metabolism, this study aimed to investigate the association between antihypertensive drugs and the survival rate of osseointegrated implants.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective cohort study included a total of 1,499 dental implants in 728 patients (327 implants in 142 antihypertensive-drugs-users and 1,172 in 586 nonusers). Multilevel mixed effects parametric survival analyses were used to test the association between antihypertensive drugs use and implant failure adjusting for potential confounders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 0.6% of the implants failed in patients using antihypertensive drugs while 4.1% failed in nonusers. A higher survival rate of dental implants was observed among users of antihypertensive drugs [HR (95% CI): 0.12 (0.03-0.49)] compared to nonusers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that treatment with antihypertensive drugs may be associated with an increased survival rate of osseointegrated implants. To our knowledge, this could be the first study showing that the systemic use of a medication could be associated with higher survival rate of dental implants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Xixi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Khadijeh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Al-Abedalla
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Hazem
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eimar
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Sreenath
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arekunnath Madathil
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Samer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abi-Nader
authors.affiliation: Private practice, East Coast Oral Surgery, Moncton, NB, Canada.
authors.forename: Nach G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Daniel
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Belinda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nicolau
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Faleh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tamimi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D005260:Female; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents
keywords: antihypertensive drugs; epidemiology; hypertension; medical devices; multilevel; osseointegrated implants