title: Effect of aerobic exercise during pregnancy on antenatal depression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antenatal depression is not uncommon and is associated with a greater risk of negative pregnancy outcomes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Exploring the effect of exercise in preventing and treating antenatal depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective interventional controlled study carried out in 100 pregnant women treated at the Ain-Shams Family Medicine Center and Maadi Outpatient Clinic, Cairo, Egypt. The participants were divided into two groups (n=50 in the exercise group and n=50 in the control group). The exercise group regularly attended supervised sessions for 12 weeks. The activities in each session included walking, aerobic exercise, stretching, and relaxation. The control group completed their usual antenatal care. The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to assess depression symptoms at the first interview and immediately after the 12-week intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to the control group, the exercise group showed significantly improved depressive symptoms as measured with the CES-D after the 12-week intervention on the CES-D (P=0.001). Within groups, the exercise group demonstrated a significant improvement of depressive symptoms from baseline to intervention completion, while the control group demonstrated no significant changes over time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exercise during pregnancy was positively associated with reduced depressive symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mervat M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: El-Rafie
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ghada M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Khafagy
authors.affiliation: Family Health Unit, Ministry of Health, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Marwa G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Gamal
keywords: antenatal depression; exercise; pregnant women