title: Protein expression of CYP1A1, CYP1B1, ALDH1A1, and ALDH2 in young patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of the enzymes involved in the biotransformation of tobacco and alcohol. A study group of 41 young patients (≤40 years old) with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was compared to 59 control subjects (≥50 years old) with tumours of similar clinical stages and topographies. The immunohistochemical expression of CYP1A1, CYP1B1, ALDH1A1, and ALDH2 was evaluated using the tissue microarray technique. There was a predominance of males, smokers, and alcohol drinkers in both groups. Most tumours were located in the tongue (43.9% vs. 50.8%), were well-differentiated (63.4% vs. 56.6%), and were in clinical stages III or IV (80.5% vs. 78.0%). No difference was observed in the expression of CYP1A1, ALDH1A1, or ALDH2 between the two groups. CYP1A1 and ALDH2 protein expression had no influence on the prognosis. The immunoexpression of CYP1B1 was significantly higher in the control group than in the young group (P<0.001). The 5-year relapse-free survival was better in patients with CYP1B1 overexpression vs. protein underexpression (64% vs. 25%; P<0.05), regardless of age. ALDH1A1 expression improved relapse-free survival in young patients. These results suggest a lower risk of recurrence with increased metabolism of carcinogens by CYP1B1. Further studies involving other genes and proteins are necessary to complement the results of this research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: estela@fosjc.unesp.br.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kaminagakura
authors.affiliation: Biopathology Program, Institute of Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caris
authors.affiliation: International Research Centre, A.C. Camargo Cancer Centre, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Centre, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Coutinho-Camillo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Centre, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Department of Specific Formation, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takahama-Júnior
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Centre, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Kowalski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000080924:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D065633:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality; D050697:Retinal Dehydrogenase; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: C585496:CYP1B1 protein, human; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D065633:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1; D000080924:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family; C096127:ALDH2 protein, human; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial; C510223:ALDH1A1 protein, human; D050697:Retinal Dehydrogenase
keywords: ALDH; CYP; aldehyde dehydrogenase; cytochrome P450; oral cancer; squamous cell carcinoma; young age