title: Macular Hole Formation After Intravitreal Ranibizumab Injection in Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration.
abstract: Ranibizumab is a monoclonal antibody fragment that inhibits angiogenesis by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor A, used as a treatment for patients with wet aged-related macular degeneration (ARMD). Adverse effects from intravitreal Ranibizumab injections are well recognised. Macular hole formation following Ranibizumab injection is a complication that has been recently reported in few case reports. We present a larger case series of five patients, who developed full thickness macular holes (FTMH) after intravitreal Ranibizumab injections for treatment of wet ARMD that we were aware of between 2009 and 2013.
authors.affiliation: The Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, City Hospital Dudley Road Birmingham, West Midlands B18 7QH, UK.
authors.forename: Chandoshi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.affiliation: The Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, City Hospital Dudley Road Birmingham, West Midlands B18 7QH, UK.
authors.forename: Arijit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mitra
authors.affiliation: The Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, City Hospital Dudley Road Birmingham, West Midlands B18 7QH, UK.
authors.forename: N Ajith
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: The Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, City Hospital Dudley Road Birmingham, West Midlands B18 7QH, UK.
authors.forename: Samer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elsherbiny
authors.affiliation: The Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, City Hospital Dudley Road Birmingham, West Midlands B18 7QH, UK.
authors.forename: Peck Lin
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Lip
keywords: Full thickness macular hole; intravitreal ranibizumab injection; pigment epithelial detachment; posterior vitreous traction; wet age-related macular degeneration.