title: Transforming Global Health by Improving the Science of Scale-Up.
abstract: In its report Global Health 2035, the Commission on Investing in Health proposed that health investments can reduce mortality in nearly all low- and middle-income countries to very low levels, thereby averting 10 million deaths per year from 2035 onward. Many of these gains could be achieved through scale-up of existing technologies and health services. A key instrument to close this gap is policy and implementation research (PIR) that aims to produce generalizable evidence on what works to implement successful interventions at scale. Rigorously designed PIR promotes global learning and local accountability. Much greater national and global investments in PIR capacity will be required to enable the scaling of effective approaches and to prevent the recycling of failed ideas. Sample questions for the PIR research agenda include how to close the gap in the delivery of essential services to the poor, which population interventions for non-communicable diseases are most applicable in different contexts, and how to engage non-state actors in equitable provision of health services in the context of universal health coverage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Margaret E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kruk
authors.affiliation: Evidence to Policy Initiative, Global Health Group, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Gavin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yamey
authors.affiliation: New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Long Island City, New York, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sonia Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Angell
authors.affiliation: Independent global health consultant, Arlington, Virginia, United States of America.
authors.forename: Alix
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beith
authors.affiliation: Health, Nutrition and Population, World Bank Group, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cotlear
authors.affiliation: Social Protection and Health Division, Inter-American Development Bank, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Frederico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guanais
authors.affiliation: Independent global health consultant, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.affiliation: Results for Development, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saxenian
authors.affiliation: International Center for Equity in Health, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cesar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Victora
authors.affiliation: Global Health Delivery and Diplomacy, Global Health Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Goosby
mesh_terms: D003695:Delivery of Health Care; D014943:Global Health / Q000191:economics; D006291:Health Policy