title: Evaluation of the effect of allopurinol as a protective factor in post ischemia and reperfusion inflammation in Wistar rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the potential protective effect of allopurinol on reperfusion injury by determining the inflammatory response through the measurement of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty rats were distributed into two groups: control and allopurinol and each group was divided into three subgroups, ischemia for two hours, ischemia for three hours and ischemia simulation. Allopurinol group rats received 100mg/kg dose of allopurinol, whereas control group rats received an equivalent dose of saline. Clamping of the infrarenal aorta was performed for two or three hours depending on the subgroup. Ischemia simulation subgroups did not suffer ischemia, just aortic dissection, and maintenance for three hours. After 72 hours of reperfusion, blood was collected by cardiac puncture for TNF-alpha measurement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Allopurinol reduced TNF-alpha significantly (p <0.001) when compared to the matching control subgroups (control X allopurinol in ischemia for two hours and for three hours).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Allopurinol reduced the concentrations of serum TNF-alpha when used at different times of ischemia followed by reperfusion, which might indicate reduction of the inflammation provoked by the reperfusion injury.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo Zanetti
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, UEPG, Grossa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriela Moreira Mahle
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Romanek
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, UEPG, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Michella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Przybycien
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, UEPG, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danielli Cristina
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Amaral
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, UEPG, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Hugo Genki Kagawa
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Akahane
mesh_terms: D034841:Abdominal Cavity / Q000098:blood supply*; D000493:Allopurinol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000963:Antimetabolites / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D007511:Ischemia / Q000601:surgery*; D023421:Models, Animal; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000517:prevention & control; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000963:Antimetabolites; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000493:Allopurinol