title: Gingival recession and oral health-related quality of life: a population-based cross-sectional study in Brazil.
abstract: To assess the association between gingival recession (GR) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in a Brazilian population of adults.
  
  
  
  A representative sample from Porto Alegre city was drawn in 2011 using a multistage probability sampling strategy. For this study, 740 individuals, 35-59 years of age and with ≥6 teeth, were included. GR was assessed by two calibrated examiners at four sites in all present teeth. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was used to assess OHRQoL. OHIP-14 was dichotomized using 'fairly often' as the cutoff point for a negative impact. Multiple logistic regression models were fitted to define which descriptors of GR were associated with the dichotomous outcome of OHIP-14, including dentine hypersensitivity in separate models, adjusting for age, gender, socioeconomic status, smoking, dental care, and missing teeth.
  
  
  
  Mean OHIP was significantly higher for individuals with ≥1 tooth with GR ≥2, ≥3, ≥4, and ≥5 mm. Individuals with ≥1 tooth with GR ≥2 mm had approximately two times higher chance of having a negative impact than individuals without GR of this threshold [odds ratio (OR) = 1.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-3.78]. When buccal and proximal sites were analyzed separately, the presence of GR was significantly associated with worst quality of life only in anterior and not in posterior teeth. GR in the lower arch had no impact on OHRQoL. GR ≥2 mm affected only physical pain (OR = 2.61; 95% CI 1.06-6.42), whereas GR ≥4 mm affected functional limitation, physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical and psychological disabilities, with ORs ranging from 1.43 to 1.91. Dentine hypersensitivity alone was not associated with OHRQoL, but it modified the association between GR and OHIP when present concomitantly with GR, mainly in buccal sites.
  
  
  
  OHRQoL is poorer in this adult population in the presence of GR, mainly in upper and anterior teeth. Dentine hypersensitivity and esthetics were found to be factors linking GR to OHRQoL.
authors.affiliation: Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tassiane P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.affiliation: Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo S A
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Rios
authors.affiliation: Preventive and Social Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mauricio S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Moura
authors.affiliation: Preventive and Social Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maltz
authors.affiliation: Preventive and Social Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Jardim
authors.affiliation: Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alex N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Haas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009909:Oral Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
keywords: Brazil; epidemiology; gingival recession; periodontal diseases; quality of life; risk assessment