title: Effect of yeast-derived products and distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on growth performance and local innate immune response of broiler chickens challenged with Clostridium perfringens.
abstract: This study evaluated the effect of yeast-derived products on growth performance, gut lesion score, intestinal population of Clostridium perfringens, and local innate immunity of broiler chickens challenged with C. perfringens. One-day-old broiler chickens were randomly assigned to eight dietary treatments providing six replicate pens of 55 birds each per treatment. Dietary treatments consisted of Control diets without and with C. perfringens challenge, and diets containing bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD, 55 g/tonne), nucleotides (150 g/tonne), yeast cell wall (YCW, 300 g/tonne), and a commercial product Maxi-Gen Plus (1 kg/tonne) fed to chickens challenged with C. perfringens. Diets containing 10% distillers dried grains with solubles without and with C. perfringens challenge were also used. Birds were orally challenged with C. perfringens (10(8) colony-forming units (cfu)/bird) on day 14. On day 21, intestinal samples were collected for gene expression analysis. Pathogen challenge significantly (P < 0.05) impaired feed intake, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) shortly after the challenge (14-21 days). Increased C. perfringens counts and intestinal lesion scores were observed for challenged birds except the BMD-containing diet. Over the entire trial (1-35 days), no difference in growth performance was observed except the BMD diet which improved FCR over the Control, challenged group. Birds receiving nucleotides showed increased expression of toll-like receptors and cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-18 compared to the Control, challenged group. Expression of macrophage mannose receptor and IL-18 was upregulated in birds receiving YCW. Increased expression of cytokines and receptors involved in innate immunity in broilers receiving nucleotides and YCW suggests the immunomodulatory properties of these products under pathogen challenge conditions.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Animal Science , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , Canada.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alizadeh
authors.affiliation: a Department of Animal Science , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , Canada.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rogiewicz
authors.affiliation: b Nutreco Canada Agresearch , Burford , Canada.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: McMillan
authors.affiliation: c Department of Pathology and Microbiology , Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island , Charlottetown , Canada.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Lecompte
authors.affiliation: d Canadian Bio-Systems Inc ., Calgary , Canada.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.affiliation: a Department of Animal Science , University of Manitoba , Winnipeg , Canada.
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Slominski
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D003016:Clostridium perfringens / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000032:analysis; D015430:Weight Gain; D015003:Yeasts
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
keywords: Clostridium perfringens; Yeast-derived product; broiler; cytokine; innate immunity; lesion score; pattern-recognition receptor