title: Complementary clinical effects of red complex bacteria on generalized periodontitis in a caucasian population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To relate five periodontopathogenic bacteria, including the red complex, to the severity, extent, and inflammation of the periodontal lesion in Caucasian patients with generalized aggressive and chronic periodontitis and to explore whether tobacco use is associated with a specific bacterial profile.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional and analytic study was conducted in patients with aggressive and chronic periodontitis. Data were gathered on socio-demographic and periodontal variables, and RH-PCR was used to determine subgingival bacterial profile. Linear and logistic regression analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study included 60 patients with aggressive and 123 with chronic periodontitis. Total red complex bacteria count was higher in aggressive periodontitis, mainly due to T. denticola (P = 0.015). In both periodontitis types, models showed an association between T. forsythia count and probing depth (B = 0.157, P = 0.030) and between T. denticola count and higher bleeding scores (B = 2.371, P = 0.027). Smoking did not affect the red complex bacteria count in either disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of red complex bacteria was similar between aggressive and chronic periodontitis, but their count was higher in the former. In both diseases, T. forsythia was associated with greater severity and T. denticola with more severe bleeding. Tobacco smoking was not associated with the presence of red complex bacteria in either disease.
authors.affiliation: Private Periodontology Practice, Malaga, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lanza
authors.affiliation: Periodontology Department, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6430-2276
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Magan-Fernandez
authors.affiliation: Echevarne Microbiology Laboratory, Malaga, Spain.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bermejo
authors.affiliation: Private Periodontology Practice, Malaga, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Rojas
authors.affiliation: Periodontology Department, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marfil-Alvarez
authors.affiliation: Periodontology Department, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mesa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D010520:Aggressive Periodontitis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000382:microbiology*; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000382:microbiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000382:microbiology; D064424:Tobacco Use / Q000473:pathology*; D048373:Treponema denticola / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014211:Treponemal Infections / Q000208:ethnology / Q000382:microbiology*; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial
keywords: bacteria; biofilms; periodontitis; polymerase chain reaction; smoking