title: An La-related protein controls cell cycle arrest by nuclear retrograde transport of tRNAs during diapause formation in Artemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In eukaryotes, tRNA trafficking between the nucleus and cytoplasm is a complex process connected with cell cycle regulation. Such trafficking is therefore of fundamental importance in cell biology, and disruption of this process has grave consequences for cell viability and survival. To cope with harsh habitats, Artemia has evolved a special reproductive mode to release encysted embryos in which cell division can be maintained in a dormancy state for a long period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using Artemia as a peculiar model of the cell cycle, an La-related protein from Artemia, named Ar-Larp, was found to bind to tRNA and accumulate in the nucleus, leading to cell cycle arrest and controlling the onset of diapause formation in Artemia. Furthermore, exogenous gene expression of Ar-Larp could induce cell cycle arrest in cancer cells and suppress tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model, similar to the results obtained in diapause embryos of Artemia. Our study of tRNA trafficking indicated that Ar-Larp controls cell cycle arrest by binding to tRNAs and influencing their retrograde movement from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, which is connected to pathways involved in cell cycle checkpoints.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings in Artemia offer new insights into the mechanism underlying cell cycle arrest regulation, as well as providing a potentially novel approach to study tRNA retrograde movement from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dian-Fu
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong-Liang
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Sheng-Nan
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the State Education Ministry of China, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410018, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jin-Shu
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Bodega Bay, California, 94923, USA.
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Clegg
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.|Department of Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromichi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagasawa
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China. w_jyang@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wei-Jun
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001156:Artemia / Q000166:cytology*; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002453:Cell Cycle; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D034443:RNA Transport; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D012343:RNA, Transfer