title: Nitidine chloride inhibits ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion by suppressing MMP-2/9 production via the ERK signaling pathway.
abstract: Nitidine chloride (NC) has been demonstrated to exert anti-tumor effects on various types of tumor. However, no studies have investigated the anti‑metastatic effect of NC on ovarian cancer cells, and the underlying mechanisms have not yet been clearly established. The present study aimed to determine the effect of NC on the migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. Cell viability and proliferation of ovarian cancer cells were assessed by MTT assay. A scratch wound healing assay and Transwell assays were performed to detect migration and invasion of cells, respectively. The expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑2 and 9 were detected at the mRNA and protein level following stimulation with NC. Subsequently, the expression of mitogen‑activated protein kinases was detected by western blot analysis. Finally, an inhibitor of extracellular signal‑regulated kinase (ERK) was applied to investigate the effect of NC on the expression of MMP‑2/9 as well as the migration and invasion of cells. It was found that NC suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of A2780 ovarian cancer cells. NC downregulated MMP‑2 and MMP‑9 in a dose‑ and time‑dependent manner. In addition, NC was also able to downregulate phosphorylation of ERK. Furthermore, by applying an ERK inhibitor, U0126, the effect of NC on the expression of MMP-2/9 and inhibition of cell migration and invasion was verified. Taken together, these results demonstrated that NC inhibited the migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells via the ERK signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obsterics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiangxiu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obsterics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obsterics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obsterics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Tianfeng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obsterics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ronghua
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhongde
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mou
authors.affiliation: Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong 255036, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Haibo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D053119:Benzophenanthridines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D053119:Benzophenanthridines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C013615:nitidine; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9