title: Annual Average Changes in Adult Obesity as a Risk Factor for Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Large-Scale Case-Control Study.
abstract: We evaluated the association between weight change in middle-aged adults and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) based on a large-scale case-control study. Our study included data from 1551 PTC patients (19.3% men and 80.7% women) who underwent thyroidectomy at the 3 general hospitals in Korea and 15,510 individually matched control subjects. The subjects' weight history, epidemiologic information, and tumor characteristics confirmed after thyroidectomy were analyzed. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were determined for the annual average changes in weight and obesity indicators (body mass index (BMI), body surface area, and body fat percentage (BF%) in subjects since the age of 35 years. Subjects with a total weight gain ≥10 kg after age 35 years were more likely to have PTC (men, OR, 5.39, 95% CI, 3.88-7.49; women, OR, 3.36, 95% CI, 2.87-3.93) compared with subjects with a stable weight (loss or gain <5 kg). A marked increase in BMI since age 35 years (annual average change of BMI ≥0.3 kg/m/yr) was related to an elevated PTC risk, and the association was more pronounced for large-sized PTC risks (<1 cm, OR, 2.34, 95% CI, 1.92-2.85; ≥1 cm, OR, 4.00, 95% CI, 2.91-5.49, P heterogeneity = 0.005) compared with low PTC risks. Weight gain and annual increases in obesity indicators in middle-aged adults may increase the risk of developing PTC.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Preventive Medicine (YH, DK, SKP), Seoul National University College of Medicine; Department of Biomedical Science (YH, DK, SKP), Seoul National University Graduate School; Cancer Research Institute (YH, KEL, DK, SKP), Seoul National University College of Medicine; Department of Surgery (KEL, S-JK, HK), Seoul National University Hospital and College of Medicine; Division of Surgery (KEL), Thyroid Center, Seoul National University Cancer Hospital; Department of Internal Medicine (YJP, DJP), Seoul National University College of Medicine; Department of Family Medicine (BC, H-CC), Health Promotion Center for Cancer Survivor, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul; and Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology (BC, H-CC), Seoul National University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Yunji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Kyu Eun
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young Joo
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Su-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyungju
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Do Joon
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Belong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Ho-Chun
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Daehee
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Sue K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D000077273:Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015430:Weight Gain