title: Enzymatic formation of carbohydrate rings catalyzed by single-walled carbon nanotubes.
abstract: Macrocyclic carbohydrate rings were formed via enzymatic reactions around single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) as a catalyst. Cyclodextrin glucanotransferase, starch substrate and SWNTs were reacted in buffer solution to yield cyclodextrin (CD) rings wrapped around individual SWNTs. Atomic force microscopy showed the resulting complexes to be rings of 12-50 nm in diameter, which were highly soluble and dispersed in aqueous solution. They were further characterized by Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and molecular simulation using density functional theory calculation. In the absence of SWNT, hydrogen bonding between glucose units determines the structure of maltose (the precursor of CD) and produces the curvature along the glucose chain. Wrapping SWNT along the short axis was preferred with curvature in the presence of SWNTs and with the hydrophobic interactions between the SWNTs and CD molecules. This synthetic approach may be useful for the functionalization of carbon nanotubes for development of nanostructures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.|National Nanofab Center, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-806, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Moon Seop
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hyun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Daegu Haany University, 290 Yugok-dong, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 712-715, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Pil
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dongkyun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: National Nanofab Center, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-806, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seok Jae
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Bioinformatics Research Center, BioProcess Engineering Research Center, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biotechnology, and Institute for BioCentury, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.|Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.|Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Yup
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Center of Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute of Basic Science (IBS), Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea. kkwak@korea.ac.kr.|Department of Chemistry, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea. kkwak@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Kyungwon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea. tjpark@cau.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Tae Jung
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D003505:Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry; D005964:Glucosyltransferases / Q000737:chemistry*; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D003505:Cyclodextrins; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D005964:Glucosyltransferases; C019963:cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase
keywords: Cyclodextrin-ring; Nanocomposite; Single-walled carbon nanotubes; Surface functionalization