title: The Structure of Fats and Fatty Acid Consumption in Elderly People with Cardiovascular System Diseases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with cardiovascular system diseases having their origin in arteriosclerosis require special dietetic treatment. Among many nutritional components, fats in the diet (both their quantity and quality) play a very important role in primary and secondary prevention of these diseases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was the estimation of total fats participation (saturated fatty acids, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol) in the Daily Nutritional Ration (DNR) of elderly people with cardiovascular system diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 128 persons (66 women and 62 men, mean age 73.2 ± 6.9) hospitalized in the 1st Clinic of Cardiology and Hypertension, UJCM in Kraków. Daily intakes of energy were estimated using the 24-h nutritional recall and Food Frequency Questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A higher consumption of fats and fatty acids was observed in men's diet than in women's diet. The percentage of energy from saturated fatty acids (10.6% M and W) was higher than dietary recommendations. The consumption of monounsaturated fatty acids was in accordance with nutritional recommendations. The participation in the diet of polyunsaturated fatty acids was insufficient versus the newest nutritional recommendations and was determined as 4.6% of energy in DNR in men and 4.1% of energy of DNR in women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The excessive amount of saturated fatty acids together with the insufficient amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet are the result of the excessive consumption of products which are a source of animal fat and insufficient consumption of plant fat, fish and seafood.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Agata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Skop-Lewandowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kolarzyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zając
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Jagoda
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jaworska
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences Jozef, The Malopolska Higher Vocational School of J. Dietl in Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Izabela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Załęska-Żyłka
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects; D002149:Energy Intake; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009752:Nutritional Status; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids