title: HLA-DMB in Amerindians: Specific linkage of DMB*01:03:01/DRB1 alleles.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  HLA-DMB proteins are important for intracellular microbial metabolism in order other major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules present peptides to lymphocytes. In addition, HLA-DMB alleles have been found linked to diseases in some ethnic groups and HLA-DMB molecules may be important to explain HLA disease association.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To detect HLA-DMB alleles profile in Amerindians for the first time and compare them to other populations. This will establish the bases to study HLA-DMB linkage to disease in Amerindians.
  
  
  METHODS
  A group of 168 voluntary Amerindians have been typed for HLA-DMB alleles. They have been characterized both, by genetic and genealogical bases. Cloning and automated HLA-DMB DNA (exons 2, 3 and 4) sequencing have been performed for allele assignation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HLA-DMB*01:01:01 and HLA-DMB*01:03:01 show the highest frequencies. These have been compared to other World wide populations. HLA-DMB*01:03:01 is tightly associated to certain specific HLA-DRB1 alleles in Amerindians.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The specific Amerindian HLA-DMB allele frequencies and their linkage disequilibrium with other MHC alleles may be crucial to determine HLA-DMB World wide variation, evolution and specific linkage to disease in Amerindians and other populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, University Complutense, School of Medicine, The Madrid Regional Blood Center, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: arnaizantonio@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arnaiz-Villena
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, University Complutense, School of Medicine, The Madrid Regional Blood Center, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Palacio-Grüber
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, University Complutense, School of Medicine, The Madrid Regional Blood Center, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ester
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Muñiz
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, University Complutense, School of Medicine, The Madrid Regional Blood Center, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rey
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, University Complutense, School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria Jose
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Recio
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, University Complutense, School of Medicine, The Madrid Regional Blood Center, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, University Complutense, School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Narcisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Martinez-Quiles
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, University Complutense, School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Jose Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Martin-Villa
authors.affiliation: Immunogenetics and Molecular Diagnosis Unit, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martinez-Laso
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005789:Genealogy and Heraldry; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006681:HLA-D Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D007197:Indians, Central American; D007198:Indians, North American; D007199:Indians, South American; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D006681:HLA-D Antigens; C084245:HLA-DM antigens; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains
keywords: Amerindians; Antigen presentation; HLA; HLA-DMB; HLA-DMB polymorphism; HLA-DRB1; ITIM motifs