title: Imaging Biomarkers in Immunotherapy.
abstract: Immune-based therapies have been in use for decades but recent work with immune checkpoint inhibitors has now changed the landscape of cancer treatment as a whole. While these advances are encouraging, clinicians still do not have a consistent biomarker they can rely on that can accurately select patients or monitor response. Molecular imaging technology provides a noninvasive mechanism to evaluate tumors and may be an ideal candidate for these purposes. This review provides an overview of the mechanism of action of varied immunotherapies and the current strategies for monitoring patients with imaging. We then describe some of the key researches in the preclinical and clinical literature on the current uses of molecular imaging of the immune system and cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Rosalyn A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Juergens
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Katherine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Zukotynski
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singnurkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Denis P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Snider
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Valliant
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Karen Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Gulenchyn
keywords: biomarker; immunotherapy; molecular imaging