title: Selective chemical genetic inhibition of protein kinase C epsilon reduces ethanol consumption in mice.
abstract: Reducing expression or inhibiting translocation of protein kinase C epsilon (PKCε) prolongs ethanol intoxication and decreases ethanol consumption in mice. However, we do not know if this phenotype is due to reduced PKCε kinase activity or to impairment of kinase-independent functions. In this study, we used a chemical-genetic strategy to determine whether a potent and highly selective inhibitor of PKCε catalytic activity reduces ethanol consumption. We generated ATP analog-specific PKCε (AS-PKCε) knock-in mice harboring a point mutation in the ATP binding site of PKCε that renders the mutant kinase highly sensitive to inhibition by 1-tert-butyl-3-naphthalen-1-ylpyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (1-NA-PP1). Systemically administered 1-NA-PP1 readily crossed the blood brain barrier and inhibited PKCε-mediated phosphorylation. 1-NA-PP1 reversibly reduced ethanol consumption by AS-PKCε mice but not by wild type mice lacking the AS-PKCε mutation. These results support the development of inhibitors of PKCε catalytic activity as a strategy to reduce ethanol consumption, and they demonstrate that the AS- PKCε mouse is a useful tool to study the role of PKCε in behavior.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 78712, USA.
authors.forename: Rajani
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maiya
authors.affiliation: The Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 5858 Horton Street, Suite 200, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: McMahon
authors.affiliation: The Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 5858 Horton Street, Suite 200, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 5858 Horton Street, Suite 200, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kanter
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 78712, USA.
authors.forename: Dev
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gandhi
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 78712, USA.
authors.forename: Holly L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.affiliation: The Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 5858 Horton Street, Suite 200, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA.
authors.forename: Jacklyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 78712, USA; The Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, University of California San Francisco, 5858 Horton Street, Suite 200, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA. Electronic address: romessing@austin.utexas.edu.
authors.forename: Robert O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Messing
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000378:metabolism*; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055879:Gene Knock-In Techniques; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D017354:Point Mutation; D051744:Protein Kinase C-epsilon / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C000620622:1-tert-butyl-3-naphthalen-1-ylpyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-4-amine; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; C546280:Gabrg2 protein, mouse; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011720:Pyrazoles; D011743:Pyrimidines; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D000431:Ethanol; C497256:Prkce protein, mouse; D051744:Protein Kinase C-epsilon
keywords: 1-NA-PP1; 1-tert-butyl-3-naphthalen-1-ylpyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (PubChem CID: 4877); AS-Kinase; Alcohol; Ethanol; Protein kinase C