title: Nanoscale Delivery of Resveratrol towards Enhancement of Supplements and Nutraceuticals.
abstract: Resveratrol was investigated in terms of its stability, biocompatibility and intestinal permeability across Caco-2 cell monolayers in its free form or encapsulated in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). SLNs and NLCs presented a mean diameter between 160 and 190 nm, high negative zeta potential of -30 mV and resveratrol entrapment efficiency of 80%, suggesting they are suitable for resveratrol oral delivery. Nanoencapsulation effectively protected resveratrol from photodegradation, and MTT assays demonstrated that neither resveratrol nor lipid nanoparticles adversely affected cell viability and integrity of Caco-2 cell monolayers. The in vitro intestinal permeability of resveratrol was significantly increased by NLCs, and SLNs did not impair the absorption of resveratrol. Resveratrol oral absorption can be enhanced during meals, since the intestinal permeability was increased in the presence of fed-state intestinal juices. SLNs and NLCs constitute carrier systems for resveratrol oral administration, for further use as supplements or nutraceuticals.
authors.affiliation: UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal. rutepneves@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ana Rute
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Neves
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Technology/Research Centre in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal. susana.am.martins@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal. msegundo@ff.up.pt.
authors.forename: Marcela A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Segundo
authors.affiliation: UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal. shreis@ff.up.pt.
authors.forename: Salette
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reis
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004339:Drug Compounding; D004355:Drug Stability; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D007419:Intestinal Secretions / Q000737:chemistry; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D053758:Nanoparticles; D036103:Nanotechnology; D010539:Permeability; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D008055:Lipids; D013267:Stilbenes; D000077185:Resveratrol
keywords: biocompatibility; intestinal permeability; lipid nanoparticles; nanodelivery systems; oral bioavailability; resveratrol