title: Quality of Life After a Low Anterior Resection for Rectal Cancer in Elderly Patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fecal incontinence is a major concern, and its incidence increases with age. Quality of life may decrease due to fecal incontinence after both sphincter-saving surgery and a rectal resection with a permanent stoma. This study investigated quality of life, with regard to fecal incontinency, in elderly patients after rectal-cancer surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients who underwent elective rectal surgery with anastomosis for rectal cancer between December 2008 and June 2012 at two Dutch hospitals were eligible for inclusion. The Wexner and the fecal incontinence quality of life (FIQoL) scores were collected. Young (<70 years of age) and elderly (≥70 years of age) patients were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-nine patients were included, of whom 19 were elderly patients (24.1%). All diverting stomas that had been placed (n = 60, 75.9%) had been closed at the time of the study. There were no differences in Wexner or FIQoL scores between the young and the elderly patients. Also, there were no differences between patients without a diverting stoma and patients in whom bowel continuity had been restored. Elderly females had significantly worse scores on the FIQoL subscales of coping/behavior (P = 0.043) and depression/self-perception (P = 0.004) than young females. Elderly females scored worse on coping/behavior (P = 0.010) and depression/self-perception (P = 0.036) than elderly males. Young and elderly males had comparable scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Quality of life with regard to fecal incontinency is worse in elderly females after sphincter-preserving surgery for rectal cancer. Patients should be informed of this impact, and a definite stoma may be considered in this patient group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Verena N N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Kornmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marieke S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Walma
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Rivierenland Hospital, Tiel, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marnix A J
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: de Roos
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Djamila
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Boerma
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Henderik L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: van Westreenen
keywords: Incontinence; Pelvic floor; Quality of life; Rectal cancer surgery; Stoma