title: Blocking rapid ice crystal growth through nonbasal plane adsorption of antifreeze proteins.
abstract: Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are a unique class of proteins that bind to growing ice crystal surfaces and arrest further ice growth. AFPs have gained a large interest for their use in antifreeze formulations for water-based materials, such as foods, waterborne paints, and organ transplants. Instead of commonly used colligative antifreezes such as salts and alcohols, the advantage of using AFPs as an additive is that they do not alter the physicochemical properties of the water-based material. Here, we report the first comprehensive evaluation of thermal hysteresis (TH) and ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) activity of all major classes of AFPs using cryoscopy, sonocrystallization, and recrystallization assays. The results show that TH activities determined by cryoscopy and sonocrystallization differ markedly, and that TH and IRI activities are not correlated. The absence of a distinct correlation in antifreeze activity points to a mechanistic difference in ice growth inhibition by the different classes of AFPs: blocking fast ice growth requires rapid nonbasal plane adsorption, whereas basal plane adsorption is only relevant at long annealing times and at small undercooling. These findings clearly demonstrate that biomimetic analogs of antifreeze (glyco)proteins should be tailored to the specific requirements of the targeted application.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands;
authors.forename: Luuk L C
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Olijve
authors.affiliation: Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
authors.forename: Konrad
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Meister
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801;
authors.forename: Arthur L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: DeVries
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556;
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Duman
authors.affiliation: Protein Function Discovery Group, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7l 3N6; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7l 3N6;
authors.forename: Shuaiqi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
authors.forename: Huib J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Bakker
authors.affiliation: Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands i.voets@tue.nl.
authors.forename: Ilja K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Voets
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D021301:Antifreeze Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003460:Crystallization; D005615:Freezing; D007053:Ice / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D021301:Antifreeze Proteins; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D007053:Ice
keywords: antifreeze protein; ice recrystallization inhibition; thermal hysteresis