title: Beyond Condoms: Risk Reduction Strategies Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men Receiving Rapid HIV Testing in Montreal, Canada.
abstract: Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) have adapted their sexual practices over the course of the HIV/AIDS epidemic based on available data and knowledge about HIV. This study sought to identify and compare patterns in condom use among gay, bisexual, and other MSM who were tested for HIV at a community-based testing site in Montreal, Canada. Results showed that while study participants use condoms to a certain extent with HIV-positive partners and partners of unknown HIV status, they also make use of various other strategies such as adjusting to a partner's presumed or known HIV status and viral load, avoiding certain types of partners, taking PEP, and getting tested for HIV. These findings suggest that MSM who use condoms less systematically are not necessarily taking fewer precautions but may instead be combining or replacing condom use with other approaches to risk reduction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sexology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case postale 8888, succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada. otis.joanne@uqam.ca.|CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network, Vancouver, Canada. otis.joanne@uqam.ca.
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Otis
authors.affiliation: Department of Sexology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case postale 8888, succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.
authors.forename: Amélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McFadyen
authors.affiliation: Department of Sexology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case postale 8888, succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.|CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network, Vancouver, Canada.|COCQ-SIDA, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Haig
authors.affiliation: Department of Sexology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case postale 8888, succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blais
authors.affiliation: Direction de santé publique du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Bluma
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.affiliation: RÉZO, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rousseau
authors.affiliation: Applied Human Sciences, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Gilbert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Émond
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, Centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roger
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wainberg
mesh_terms: D015492:AIDS Serodiagnosis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000328:Adult; D035041:Anonymous Testing; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011792:Quebec; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012747:Sexual Partners; D000072339:Sexual and Gender Minorities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D047568:Unsafe Sex / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: Combination HIV prevention; Condom use; Latent class analysis; Men who have sex with men; Risk-reduction strategies