title: Successful treatment of recurrent carotid in-stent restenosis and drug-eluting balloon failure with a coronary bioresorbable vascular scaffold: A case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Carotid in-stent restenosis is associated with substantial risk of recurrent restenosis, even after drug-eluting balloon usage.
  
  
  METHODS
  We hereby report the case of a patient with recurrent carotid in-stent restenosis and drug-eluting balloon failure treated with a coronary bioresorbable vascular scaffold, achieving a satisfactory acute and long-term result, as disclosed by duplex ultrasound scan performed more than 1 year after the procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While awaiting for external validation, this clinical vignette supports expanding the armamentarium of endovascular specialists focusing on carotid artery disease, while providing further proof of the safety and efficacy of current bioresorbable vascular scaffolds.
authors.affiliation: Unità Operativa di Interventistica Cardiovascolare, Presidio Ospedaliero Pineta Grande, Castel Volturno, Italy; Unità Operativa di Emodinamica, Casa di Salute Santa Lucia, San Giuseppe Vesuviano, Italy.
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giordano
authors.affiliation: Unità Operativa di Interventistica Cardiovascolare, Presidio Ospedaliero Pineta Grande, Castel Volturno, Italy; Unità Operativa di Emodinamica, Casa di Salute Santa Lucia, San Giuseppe Vesuviano, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ferraro
authors.affiliation: Unità Operativa di Interventistica Cardiovascolare, Presidio Ospedaliero Pineta Grande, Castel Volturno, Italy; Unità Operativa di Emodinamica, Casa di Salute Santa Lucia, San Giuseppe Vesuviano, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Corcione
authors.affiliation: Unità Operativa di Interventistica Cardiovascolare, Presidio Ospedaliero Pineta Grande, Castel Volturno, Italy; Unità Operativa di Emodinamica, Casa di Salute Santa Lucia, San Giuseppe Vesuviano, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Messina
authors.affiliation: Unità Operativa di Interventistica Cardiovascolare, Presidio Ospedaliero Pineta Grande, Castel Volturno, Italy; Unità Operativa di Emodinamica, Casa di Salute Santa Lucia, San Giuseppe Vesuviano, Italy.
authors.forename: Gennaro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maresca
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiac Surgery, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggì D'Aragona Hospital, Salerno, Italy.
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Coscioni
authors.affiliation: Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy; Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy. Electronic address: giuseppe.biondizoccai@uniroma1.it.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Biondi-Zoccai
keywords: Bioresorbable vascular scaffold; Carotid artery disease; Endovascular therapy; In-stent restenosis