title: Increased Expression of CSF-1 Associates With Poor Prognosis of Patients With Gastric Cancer Undergoing Gastrectomy.
abstract: Clinical significance of diametrically polarized tumor-associated macrophages in gastric cancer has been elucidated in our previous study, whereas the role of cytokines that orchestrate tumor-associated macrophages polarization in gastric cancer remains elusive. The study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of colony-stimulating factor-1 expression in patients with gastric cancer. We examined the colony-stimulating factor-1 expression in tumor tissues by immunohistochemical staining in retrospectively enrolled 365 patients with gastric cancer undergoing gastrectomy at Zhongshan Hospital during 2008. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression models were used to evaluate the prognostic value of colony-stimulating factor-1 expression and its association with clinicopathological factors. A predictive nomogram by integrating colony-stimulating factor-1 expression with the TNM staging system was generated for overall survival evaluation of the patients. High colony-stimulating factor-1 expression predicted an unfavorable outcome in gastric cancer. The colony-stimulating factor-1 expression in tumor tissue could give a further discrimination for the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Cox multivariate analysis identified the colony-stimulating factor-1 expression as an independent prognostic factor. The generated nomogram performed well in predicting the 3- and 5-year overall survival of gastric cancer patients.T he colony-stimulating factor-1 is a potential independent adverse prognosticator for gastric cancer patients, which could be integrated with the tumor-associated macrophages staging system to improve the predictive accuracy for overall survival, especially in advanced tumors.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of General Surgery (HL, HZ, ZS, CL, XW, JQ, XQ, YS), Zhongshan Hospital; and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (JX), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Heng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhenbin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Xuefei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Xinyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Jiejie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yihong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D049451:Nomograms; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor