title: Effect of exogenous leptin on serum levels of lipids, glucose, renal and hepatic variables in both genders of obese and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Leptin exerts various effects on appetite and body weight. Disruption of the obesity gene is precedent to fatness. Insulin or glucose elevates leptin, but streptozotocin reduces it. However, controversial data exist for the effects of leptin on diabetes and leptin level in each gender. Leptin can damage the kidney function but little evidence exists for its hepatic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the probable sex-dependent differences in blood sugar levels, lipid profile, and renal and hepatic biochemical factors in the obesity and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats after leptin administration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar rats of both sexes were randomly divided into two groups, namely obese and diabetic rats. Each group was further divided into male and female subgroups. Extra fat and carbohydrate was added to the diet to induce obesity. Furthermore, streptozotocin (55 mg/kg, IP) was injected to induce diabetes. The treatment groups received leptin (0.1 mg/kg SC) for 10 days, and then, blood samples were taken from the orbital sinus for laboratory evaluations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Leptin resulted in a significant weight loss in both sexes (P<0.001), food intake reduction in male rats (P<0.05), LDL reduction in female rats (obese (P<0.05) and diabetic (P<0.001)), and glucose level decline in the female diabetic rats (P<0.001). However, total protein concentration, LFT (liver function tests), urea and creatinin concentrations among different groups did not show any significant changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Leptin caused some discrepant results, especially regarding the LDL and glucose levels in diabetic female rats.
authors.affiliation: Neurogenic Inflammation Research center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Parichehr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hayatdavoudi
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghasemi
authors.affiliation: Neurogenic Inflammation Research center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Bamdad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zendehbad
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soukhtanloo
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Golshan
authors.affiliation: Neurocognitive Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Mousa Al-Reza
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hadjzadeh
keywords: Diabetes mellitus type 1; Glucose; LDL cholesterol; Leptin; Rat