title: Emerging roles of the acute phase protein pentraxin-3 during central nervous system disorders.
abstract: Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) is an acute phase protein (APP) and a member of the long pentraxin family that is recognised for its role in peripheral immunity and vascular inflammation in response to injury, infection and diseases such as atherosclerosis, cancer and respiratory disease. Systemic levels of PTX3 are highly elevated in these conditions, and PTX3 is now recognised as a new biomarker of disease risk and progression. There is extensive evidence demonstrating that central nervous system (CNS) disorders are primarily characterised by central activation of innate immunity, as well as activation of a potent peripheral acute phase response (APR) that influences central inflammation and contributes to poor outcome. PTX3 has been recently recognised to play important roles in CNS disorders, having both detrimental and neuroprotective effects. The present review aims to give an up-to-date account of the emerging roles of PTX3 in CNS disorders, and to provide a critical comparison between peripheral and central actions of PTX3 in inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences, A.V. Hill Building, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rajkovic
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest H-1450, Hungary.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Denes
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences, A.V. Hill Building, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
authors.forename: Stuart M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Allan
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences, A.V. Hill Building, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK. Electronic address: Emmanuel.pinteaux@manchester.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pinteaux
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D000818:Animals; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D000099153:Pentraxins
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component; D000099153:Pentraxins
keywords: Acute phase protein; Acute phase response; Biomarkers; Inflammation; Pentraxin-3; Repair