title: Comparison of vitrified outcomes between human early blastocysts and expanded blastocysts.
abstract: We compared the vitrified outcomes between early and expanded blastocysts with or without laser drilling. The grade III embryos from the patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in our reproductive center from September 2009 to February 2015 were incubated into early blastocysts and expanded blastocysts. The early blastocysts and expanded blastocysts were, respectively, divided into laser group (vitrification after laser drilling), non-laser group (direct vitrification), and control group (fresh non-vitrified blastocysts). After thawing, the blastular anabiosis rate, expansion rate, hatching rate, and apoptosis were observed in each group and then were compared amongst groups. This study indicated that the blastular expansion rate (all P < 0.01) and hatching rate (all P < 0.01) were significantly lower, but the blastular apoptosis (all P < 0.05) was significantly higher in both laser and non-laser groups than in the control group in the early blastocysts. In the expanded blastocysts, the blastular anabiosis rate was significantly higher in the laser group than in the non-laser group (P < 0.01), and the blastular expansion rate was significantly higher, but the blastular apoptosis was significantly lower in both laser group and control group than in the non-laser group (all P < 0.05). The blastular expansion rate (all P < 0.01) and hatching rate (all P < 0.01) were significantly higher, but the blastular apoptosis (all P < 0.05) was significantly lower in the expanded laser group than in both early laser and early non-laser groups. We conclude that vitrification for laser-drilling expanded blastocysts can achieve the best outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Number One, Constructive East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Yan
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Number One, Constructive East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
authors.forename: Xue-Gai
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Number One, Constructive East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Xia
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Number One, Constructive East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
authors.forename: Gui-Dong
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Number One, Constructive East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
authors.forename: Xiang-Yang
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Number One, Constructive East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
authors.forename: Sen-Lin
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Number One, Constructive East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Number One, Constructive East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
authors.forename: Zhao-Feng
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Number One, Constructive East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China. syp2008@vip.sina.com.
authors.forename: Ying-Pu
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D047108:Embryonic Development; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D058989:Vitrification
keywords: Human early blastocysts; Human expanded blastocysts; Laser shrinkage; Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay; Vitrification