title: Atrial Fibrillation Increases the Risk of Peripheral Arterial Disease With Relative Complications and Mortality: A Population-Based Cohort Study.
abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF), an increasing prevalent cardiac arrhythmia due to aging general population, has many common risk factors with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). However, it is unclear whether AF is associated with a risk of PAD. We investigated the prevalence of AF and PAD in the general population and the risk of PAD among the AF population. This longitudinal, nationwide, population-based cohort study was conducted using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database recorded during 2000 to 2011. In total, 3814 and 15,364 patients were included in the AF and non-AF cohorts, respectively. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used for examining the effects of AF on the risk of outcomes. The average follow-up periods of PAD were 4.96 ± 3.28 and 5.29 ± 3.35 years for the AF and non-AF cohorts, respectively. Overall, the risk of PAD showed a significantly higher risk in the AF cohort (adjusted HR=1.31, 95% CI=1.19-1.45) compared with the non-AF cohort. Similar results were observed for heart failure and stroke, where the AF cohort had a 1.83-fold and 2.53-fold higher risk of developing heart failure and stroke. The AF cohort also had a significant increased risk for mortality (adjusted HR=1.66, 95% CI=1.49-1.84). The present study indicated that the incidence of PAD, heart failure, stroke, and overall mortality is higher in patients with AF than in those without it.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Family Medicine (C-JC, Y-TC, C-SL, W-YL); Medical Research (C-JC, Y-TC), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung; School of Medicine (C-SL, W-YL), National Taiwan University Hospital; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science (C-SL, W-YL), National Taiwan University Hospital; Department of Family Medicine (W-YL), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei; Management Office for Health Data (C-LL); College of Medicine (C-LL), China Medical University, Taichung; Department of Nuclear Medicine (M-CL), E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science and School of Medicine (C-HK), College of Medicine, China Medical University; and Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center (C-HK), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Jung
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Yen-Ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chiu-Shong
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wen-Yuan
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Cheng-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Ming-Chia
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chia-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology