title: Single subject analyses reveal consistent recruitment of frontal operculum in performance monitoring.
abstract: There are continuing uncertainties regarding whether performance monitoring recruits the anterior insula (aI) and/or the frontal operculum (fO). The proximity and morphological complexity of these two regions make proper identification and isolation of the loci of activation extremely difficult. The use of group averaging methods in human neuroimaging might contribute to this problem. The result has been heterogeneous labeling of this region as aI, fO, or aI/fO, and a discussion of results oriented towards either cognitive or interoceptive functions depending on labeling. In the present article, we adapted the spatial preprocessing of functional magnetic resonance imaging data to account for group averaging artifacts and performed a subject-by-subject analysis in three performance monitoring tasks. Results show that functional activity related to feedback or action monitoring consistently follows local morphology in this region and demonstrate that the activity is located predominantly in the fO rather than in the aI. From these results, we propose that a full understanding of the respective role of aI and fO would benefit from increased spatial resolution and subject-by-subject analysis.
authors.affiliation: Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, 69500 Bron, France. Electronic address: celine.amiez@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Amiez
authors.affiliation: CNRS, LNC UMR 7291, Aix-Marseille Université, 13331 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Magdalena G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Wutte
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Pain Center, CHU de Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France; INSERM, U1028, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, NeuroPain, 69000 Lyon, France; Université Jean Monnet, ICD, 42023 Saint-Etienne, France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Faillenot
authors.affiliation: Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A2B4.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petrides
authors.affiliation: CNRS, LNC UMR 7291, Aix-Marseille Université, 13331 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Burle
authors.affiliation: Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, 69500 Bron, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Procyk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D025461:Feedback, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D058765:Neurofeedback / Q000379:methods*; D011999:Recruitment, Neurophysiological / Q000502:physiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis
keywords: Anterior insula; Feedback; Frontal operculum; Human; fMRI