title: Inactivation of Lytic Transglycosylases Increases Susceptibility to Aminoglycosides and Macrolides by Altering the Outer Membrane Permeability of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
abstract: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia harbors six lytic transglycosylases (LTs): mltA, mltB1, mltB2, mltD1, mltD2, and slt LT deletion increased susceptibility of S. maltophilia to aminoglycosides (AGs) and macrolides, and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. The expression of AG-modifying enzymes and efflux pumps was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). Susceptibility to 1-N-phenylnaphthylamine, vancomycin, SDS, and bile salts was measured to assess outer membrane permeability. In conclusion, increased outer membrane permeability contributes to LT deletion-mediated increase in aminoglycoside and macrolide susceptibility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chao-Jung
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Wei
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Tsung
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan tcyang@ym.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Tsuey-Ching
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D015057:1-Naphthylamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D018942:Macrolides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D020615:Stenotrophomonas maltophilia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D018942:Macrolides; D014640:Vancomycin; C005444:N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine; D015057:1-Naphthylamine