title: Multi-Dimensional Voice Program (MDVP) vs Praat for Assessing Euphonic Subjects: A Preliminary Study on the Gender-discriminating Power of Acoustic Analysis Software.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the discriminatory power of the Multi-Dimensional Voice Program (MDVP) and Praat in distinguishing the gender of euphonic adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The recordings of 100 euphonic volunteers (50 males and 50 females) producing a sustained vowel /a/ were analyzed with MDVP and Praat software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both computer programs identified significant differences between male and female volunteers in absolute jitter (MDVP P < 0.00001 and Praat P < 0.00001) and in shimmer in decibel (dB) (MDVP P = 0.006 and Praat P = 0.001). Using the scale proposed by Hosmer and Lemeshow, we found no gender discrimination for shimmer in dB with either the MDVP (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve [AUC] = 0.658) or Praat (AUC = 0.682). In our series, on the other hand, MDVP absolute jitter achieved an acceptable discrimination between males and females (AUC = 0.752), and Praat absolute jitter achieved an outstanding discrimination (AUC = 0.901). The discriminatory power of Praat absolute jitter was significantly higher than that of the MDVP (P = 0.003). Absolute jitter sensitivity and specificity were also higher for Praat (83% and 80%) than for the MDVP (74% and 49%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differences attributable to a subject's gender and to the software used to measure acoustic parameters should be carefully considered in both research and clinical settings. Further studies are needed to test the discriminatory power of different voice analysis programs when differentiating between normal and dysphonic voices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences DNS, Otolaryngology Section, University of Padova, Padova, Italy. Electronic address: andrea.lovato.3@hotmail.it.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lovato
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Audiology Unit, Treviso Hospital, University of Padova, Treviso, Italy.
authors.forename: Wladimiro
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: De Colle
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Giacomelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Audiology Unit, Treviso Hospital, University of Padova, Treviso, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piacente
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Audiology Unit, Treviso Hospital, University of Padova, Treviso, Italy.
authors.forename: Lara
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Righetto
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences DNS, Otolaryngology Section, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Gino
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marioni
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Audiology Unit, Treviso Hospital, University of Padova, Treviso, Italy.
authors.forename: Cosimo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Filippis
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010699:Phonation; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve; D012737:Sex Factors; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D012984:Software; D013061:Speech Acoustics; D013068:Speech Production Measurement / Q000379:methods*; D014833:Voice Quality; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Absolute jitter; Gender discrimination; MDVP; Praat; Voice analysis