title: Transport stability of pesticides and PAHs sequestered in polyethylene passive sampling devices.
abstract: Research using low-density polyethylene (LDPE) passive samplers has steadily increased over the past two decades. However, such research efforts remain hampered because of strict guidelines, requiring that these samplers be quickly transported in airtight metal or glass containers or foil wrapped on ice. We investigate the transport stability of model pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with varying physicochemical properties using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) bags instead. Transport scenarios were simulated with transport times up to 14 days with temperatures ranging between -20 and 35 °C. Our findings show that concentrations of all model compounds examined were stable for all transport conditions tested, with mean recoveries ranging from 88 to 113 %. Furthermore, PTFE bags proved beneficial as reusable, lightweight, low-volume, low-cost alternatives to conventional containers. This documentation of stability will allow for more flexible transportation of LDPE passive samplers in an expanding range of research applications while maintaining experimental rigor.
authors.affiliation: Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, ALS 1007, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
authors.forename: Carey E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Donald
authors.affiliation: Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, ALS 1007, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.|Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, 80045, USA.
authors.forename: Marc R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Elie
authors.affiliation: Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, ALS 1007, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
authors.forename: Brian W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, ALS 1007, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
authors.forename: Peter D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.affiliation: Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, ALS 1007, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA. kim.anderson@oregonstate.edu.
authors.forename: Kim A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D020959:Polyethylene / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D020959:Polyethylene
keywords: LDPE; PAH; Passive sampling device; Pesticide; Storage; Transport stability