title: Characterization of multiciliated ependymal cells that emerge in the neurogenic niche of the aged zebrafish brain.
abstract: In mammals, ventricular walls of the developing brain maintain a neurogenic niche, in which radial glial cells act as neural stem cells (NSCs) and generate new neurons in the embryo. In the adult brain, the neurogenic niche is maintained in the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) of the lateral wall of lateral ventricles and the hippocampal dentate gyrus. In the neonatal V-SVZ, radial glial cells transform into astrocytic postnatal NSCs and multiciliated ependymal cells. On the other hand, in zebrafish, radial glial cells continue to cover the surface of the adult telencephalic ventricle and maintain a higher neurogenic potential in the adult brain. However, the cell composition of the neurogenic niche of the aged zebrafish brain has not been investigated. Here we show that multiciliated ependymal cells emerge in the neurogenic niche of the aged zebrafish telencephalon. These multiciliated cells appear predominantly in the dorsal part of the ventral telencephalic ventricular zone, which also contains clusters of migrating new neurons. Scanning electron microscopy and live imaging analyses indicated that these multiple cilia beat coordinately and generate constant fluid flow within the ventral telencephalic ventricle. Analysis of the cell composition by transmission electron microscopy revealed that the neurogenic niche in the aged zebrafish contains different types of cells, with ultrastructures similar to those of ependymal cells, transit-amplifying cells, and migrating new neurons in postnatal mice. These data suggest that the transformation capacity of radial glial cells is conserved but that its timing is different between fish and mice. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:2982-2992, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogino
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.affiliation: Core Laboratory, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takase
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Chiemi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto Cavanilles, Universidad de Valencia, CIBERNED, 46980, Valencia, Spain.|Unidad Mixta de Esclerosis Múltiple y Neurorregeneración, IIS Hospital La Fe, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Herranz-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto Cavanilles, Universidad de Valencia, CIBERNED, 46980, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Arantxa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cebrián-Silla
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto Cavanilles, Universidad de Valencia, CIBERNED, 46980, Valencia, Spain.|Unidad Mixta de Esclerosis Múltiple y Neurorregeneración, IIS Hospital La Fe, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: José Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: García-Verdugo
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazunobu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sawamoto
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D002923:Cilia / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004805:Ependyma / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D055153:Stem Cell Niche / Q000502:physiology*; D013687:Telencephalon / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: adult neurogenesis; cilia; ependymal cells; neural stem cells; neurogenic niche; zebrafish