title: Validated multi-drug determination using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry for the evaluation of a commercial drug disposal product.
abstract: Currently, there are limited effective means of drug disposal for consumers, and this creates a gateway to illicit use and environmental contamination. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of a new drug disposal product, composed from a slurry of activated carbon, which claims to sequester up to 100% of a drug's active ingredient when the loading capacity is not exceeded, making it safe to dispose in landfill. High-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was applied to quantify as many as 24 drugs (opiates, barbiturates, statins, amphetamine, and benzodiazepine drugs) in the residual solvent solution from the product. Calibration curves were established in the concentration ranges of 0.25-7.0 μg/mL and showed good linearity. The limits of detection varied from 0.001 to 0.02 μg/mL, depending on the drug. Accuracy ranged from 80 to 111% for quality control samples, with a few minor exceptions. Precision overall varied between 0.2 to 12.7%. In sample bottles tested, where active ingredient of the loaded drug was below the maximum sorption capacity stated on the label, 98 to >99.9% of the active ingredient was sequestered. Percent active ingredient adsorbed was slightly lower in bottles loaded in excess of label specifications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Veronica B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Waybright
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Stephanie H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Schug
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D055553:Prescription Drugs / Q000032:analysis*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D055553:Prescription Drugs
keywords: Activated carbon; Controlled substances; Drug disposal; Drug diversion; Narcotics; Pain medicine