title: Bone mineral density is associated with left ventricular diastolic function in men with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with chronic heart failure and cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, low bone mineral density (BMD) predicts incident heart failure. Abnormal diastolic function reflects early changes in cardiac function and plays a key role in the development of heart failure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between BMD with left ventricular (LV) diastolic function in men with T2DM.
  
  
  METHODS
  In all, 344 men with T2DM and 331 age-matched control subjects were enrolled. BMD measurements were performed. LV diastolic function and structure were assessed by echocardiographic evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BMD was lower in men with T2DM than in controls. There were significant differences in the level of parameters reflecting cardiac structure and LV diastolic function between two groups. Moreover, LV diastolic function and structure parameters also showed significant differences as BMD reduced in T2DM group. BMD at femoral neck was correlated with LV diastolic function parameters in T2DM after adjusting for confounding factors. Multivariable logistic analysis revealed that osteopenia and osteoporosis were associated with diastolic dysfunction compared to the control in men with T2DM. However, no association between BMD and LV diastolic function was found in subjects without T2DM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Osteoporosis may be an independent factor for LV diastolic dysfunction in men with T2DM. Our data suggested that early detection of abnormal BMD should warrant for early search of undetected LV diastolic dysfunction in diabetic men.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Unit, Harbin Medical University, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
authors.forename: R-T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Unit, Harbin Medical University, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
authors.forename: H-T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Harbin Medical University (Da Qing), Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
authors.forename: Y-L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Harbin Medical University, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Division of Hypothalamic Research, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, 75390 Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 02215 Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Unit, Harbin Medical University, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. Electronic address: kaijiang_yu@yeah.net.
authors.forename: K-J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D004452:Echocardiography; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Bone mineral density; Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; Left ventricular diastolic function; Type 2 diabetes