title: Pre-column dilution large volume injection ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of multi-class pesticides in cabbages.
abstract: Pre-column dilution large volume injection (PD-LVI), a novel sample injection technique for reverse phase ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), was developed in this study. The PD-LVI UHPLC-MS/MS system was designed by slightly modifying the commercial UHPLC-MS/MS equipment with a mixer chamber. During the procedure of PD-LVI, sample solution of 200μL was directly carried by the organic mobile phase to the mixer and diluted with the aqueous mobile phase. After the mixture was introduced to the UHPLC column in a mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (15/85, v/v), the target analytes were stacked on the head of the column until following separation. Using QuEChERS extraction, no additional steps such as solvent evaporation or residue redissolution were needed before injection. The features of PD-LVI UHPLC-MS/MS system were systematically investigated, including the injection volume, the mixer volume, the precondition time and the gradient elution. The efficiency of this approach was demonstrated by direct analysis of 24 pesticides in cabbages. Under the optimized conditions, low limits of detection (0.00074-0.8 ng/kg) were obtained. The recoveries were in the range of 63.3-109% with relative standard deviations less than 8.1%. Compared with common UHPLC-MS/MS technique, PD-LVI UHPLC-MS/MS showed significant advantages such as excellent sensitivity and reliability. The mechanism of PD-LVI was demonstrated to be based on the column-head stacking effect with pre-column dilution. Based on the results, PD-LVI as a simple and effective sample injection technique of reverse phase UHPLC-MS/MS for the analysis of trace analytes in complex samples showed a great promising prospect.
authors.affiliation: Shimadzu Global COE for Application & Technical Development, Guangzhou 510010, China.
authors.forename: Qisheng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Shimadzu Global COE for Application & Technical Development, Guangzhou 510010, China.
authors.forename: Lingling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Shimadzu Global COE for Application & Technical Development, Guangzhou 510010, China.
authors.forename: Jiaqi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Shimadzu Global COE for Application & Technical Development, Guangzhou 510010, China.
authors.forename: Dianbao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Shimadzu Global COE for Application & Technical Development, Guangzhou 510010, China.
authors.forename: Siming
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Shimadzu Global COE for Application & Technical Development, Guangzhou 510010, China.
authors.forename: Jinting
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Shimadzu Global COE for Application & Technical Development, Guangzhou 510010, China.
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.affiliation: Shimadzu Global COE for Application & Technical Development, Guangzhou 510010, China.
authors.forename: Taohong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Shimadzu Global COE for Application & Technical Development, Guangzhou 510010, China.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hashi
authors.affiliation: Shimadzu Global COE for Application & Technical Development, Guangzhou 510010, China.
authors.forename: Shin-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Guangzhou 510180, China.
authors.forename: Zhaofeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China. Electronic address: tingzhou@scut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides
keywords: Column-head stacking; Pesticides; Pre-column dilution large volume injection (PD-LVI); Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS)