title: Serial 1- and 2-Dimensional Cerebral MRI Measurements in Full-Term Infants after Perinatal Asphyxia.
abstract: Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is associated with neurodevelopmental outcome in full-term infants with neonatal encephalopathy (NE) following presumed perinatal asphyxia. The aim of this study is to relate 2-dimensional measurements of the basal ganglia and thalami (BGT) and cerebellum in the first week after birth and after 3 months with neurodevelopmental outcome at 18 months.
  
  
  
  Retrospectively, 29 full-term infants with NE following presumed perinatal asphyxia who had a cranial MRI in the first week after birth were studied serially. One- and 2-dimensional measurements were obtained and related to different patterns of brain injury, and neurodevelopmental outcome at 18 months. A Griffiths developmental quotient <85 or cerebral palsy was considered adverse.
  
  
  
  On the first MRI, the adverse outcome group showed increased basal ganglia width (42.1 ± 0.1 vs. 40.3 ± 0.3 mm, p < 0.001), thalamic width (40.3 ± 0.1 vs. 39.3 ± 1.0 mm, p < 0.001), and basal ganglia surface (1,230 ± 21 vs. 1,199 ± 36 mm2, p = 0.007) compared to the favorable outcome group. In the BGT lesions group, basal ganglia width and thalamic width were increased compared to the watershed infarction group (42.1 ± 0.1 vs. 40.9 ± 0.8 mm, p < 0.001, and 40.3 ± 0.1 vs. 39.9 ± 0.5 mm, p = 0.01, respectively). On the second MRI, cerebellar width was larger in the favorable outcome group (p = 0.025). There was a greater increase in dimensions between both MRI time points for basal ganglia width (p = 0.014), basal ganglia surface (p = 0.028) and thalamic width (p = 0.012) in the favorable outcome group.
  
  
  
  One- and 2-dimensional measurements for basal ganglia surface, BGT width and cerebellar width are associated with neurodevelopmental outcome at 18 months.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital/University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Laura G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Spring In ''t Veld
authors.forename: Linda S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Alderliesten
authors.forename: Manon J N L
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Benders
authors.forename: Floris
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Groenendaal
mesh_terms: D001238:Asphyxia Neonatorum / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000209:etiology; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000209:etiology; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013788:Thalamus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology