title: Protective Effects of Curcumin on Renal Oxidative Stress and Lipid Metabolism in a Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and delaying the development of diabetic nephropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus is very important. In this study, we investigated inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism to assess whether curcumin ameliorates diabetic nephropathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animals were divided into three groups: Long-Evans-Tokushima-Otsuka rats for normal controls, Otsuka-Long-Evans-Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats for the diabetic group, and curcumin-treated (100 mg/kg/day) OLETF rats. We measured body and epididymal fat weights, and examined plasma glucose, adiponectin, and lipid profiles at 45 weeks. To confirm renal damage, we measured albumin-creatinine ratio, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in urine samples. Glomerular basement membrane thickness and slit pore density were evaluated in the renal cortex tissue of rats. Furthermore, we conducted adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and oxidative stress-related nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) signaling to investigate mechanisms of lipotoxicity in kidneys.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Curcumin ameliorated albuminuria, pathophysiologic changes on the glomerulus, urinary MDA, and urinary SOD related with elevated Nrf2 signaling, as well as serum lipid-related index and ectopic lipid accumulation through activation of AMPK signaling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Collectively, these findings indicate that curcumin exerts renoprotective effects by inhibiting renal lipid accumulation and oxidative stress through AMPK and Nrf2 signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Bo Hwan
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Soo
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology, Department of Preclinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Jarinyaporn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nawaboot
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeon Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea. cchung@yonsei.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Choon Hee
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003474:Curcumin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D007249:Inflammation; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D020334:Rats, Inbred OLETF; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D003474:Curcumin
keywords: Curcumin; diabetic nephropathy; lipid metabolism; oxidative stress