title: The association between non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A hospital based case-control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aimed to investigate the association between non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a case control study of patients who underwent surgical resection either for ICC or for a metastatic liver tumor (the control group). We assessed their clinical characteristics, pathological findings, and the prevalence of known ICC risk factors. For patients without known risk factors, we compared other factors including the prevalence of NASH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the patients without known risk factors, 15 of 34 patients in the ICC group and 13 of 69 patients in the control group were diagnosed with NASH. Univariate analysis showed significantly higher values in the ICC group for age (P = 0.0478), prevalence of obesity (P = 0.0365) and NASH (P = 0.0078), and serum levels of albumin (P = 0.0051), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP) (P = 0.0006) compared with the control group. Multivariate analysis showed that age and serum levels of γ-GTP and NASH were independent risk factors for ICC. In patients with NASH, the proportion of patients with hepatic fibrosis was significantly higher in the ICC group than in the control group (P = 0.0014).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NASH is a possible risk factor for ICC development. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:779-783. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahimachi, Abenoku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahimachi, Abenoku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahimachi, Abenoku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Shogo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahimachi, Abenoku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigekazu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takemura
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahimachi, Abenoku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishioka
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahimachi, Abenoku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Genya
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hamano
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahimachi, Abenoku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tokuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahimachi, Abenoku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Sayaka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahimachi, Abenoku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohsawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Asahimachi, Abenoku, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shibata
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000601:surgery; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: hepatic fibrosis; intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; non-alcoholic steatohepatitis