title: Experimental and Pathalogical study of Pistacia atlantica, butyrate, Lactobacillus casei and their combination on rat ulcerative colitis model.
abstract: This study evaluated the effects of Pistacia atlantica (P. atlantica), butyrate, Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) and especially their combination therapy on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced rat colitis model. Rats were divided into seven groups. Four groups received oral P. atlantica, butyrate, L. casei and the combination of three agents for 10 consecutive days. The remaining groups were negative and positive controls and a sham group. Macroscopic and histopathological examinations were carried out along with determination of the specific biomarker of colonic oxidative stress, the myeloperoxidase (MPO). Compared with controls, the combination therapy exhibited a significant alleviation of colitis in terms of pathological scores and reduction of MPO activity (55%, p=0.0009). Meanwhile, the macroscopic appearance such as stool consistency, tissue and histopathological scores (edema, necrosis and neutrophil infiltration) were improved. Although single therapy by each P. atlantica, butyrate, and L. casei was partially beneficial in reduction of colon oxidative stress markers, the combination therapy was much more effective. In conclusion, the combination therapy was able to reduce the severity of colitis that is clear from biochemical markers. Future studies have to focus on clinical effects of this combination in management of human ulcerative colitis. Further molecular and signaling pathway studies will help to understand the mechanisms involved in the treatment of colitis and inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gholami
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyedeh Farnaz
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Ghasemi-Niri
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran; International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Faheem
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Maqbool
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baeeri
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Pharmacy, Faculty of Traditional Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Memariani
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Iraj
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pousti
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran; International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Toxicology and Poisoning Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: Mohammad.Abdollahi@UToronto.Ca.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdollahi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002087:Butyrates / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D007780:Lacticaseibacillus casei; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D027927:Pistacia; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid
chemical_list: D002087:Butyrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid; D009195:Peroxidase
keywords: Butyrate; Lactobacillus casei; Myeloperoxidase; Pistacia atlantica; Ulcerative colitis