title: Status of vaccine research and development for Campylobacter jejuni.
abstract: Campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading causes of bacterial diarrhea worldwide and is associated with a number of sequelae, including Guillain-Barre Syndrome, reactive arthritis, irritable bowel syndrome and growth stunting/malnutrition. Vaccine development against C. jejuni is complicated by its antigenic diversity, a lack of small animal models, and a poor understanding of the bacterium's pathogenesis. Vaccine approaches have been limited to recombinant proteins, none of which have advanced beyond Phase I testing. Genomic analyses have revealed the presence of a polysaccharide capsule on C. jejuni. Given the success of capsule-conjugate vaccines for other mucosal pathogens of global importance, efforts to evaluate this established approach for C. jejuni are also being pursued. A prototypical capsule-conjugate vaccine has demonstrated efficacy against diarrheal disease in non-human primates and is currently in Phase I testing. In addition to proof of concept studies, more data on the global prevalence of capsular types, and a better understanding of the acute and chronic consequences of C. jejuni are needed to inform investments for a globally relevant vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA. Electronic address: mark.s.riddle10.mil@mil.mil.
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Riddle
authors.affiliation: Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Guerry
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000940:Antigenic Variation; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000639:trends; D002169:Campylobacter Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016123:Campylobacter jejuni; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate
keywords: Campylobacter jejuni; Enteric vaccine development; Impact assessment; Travelers’ diarrhea