title: Management of follow-up of neuroendocrine neoplasias.
abstract: Neuroendocrine neoplasias (NEN) comprise heterogeneous epithelial neoplasms with a large variety of clinical presentations, treatment options and outcomes. Since potentially all NEN bear malignant potential it is important for long-term clinical management and improvement of outcome to decide on successful and oncologically and economically meaningful follow-up strategies. Evidence-based outcome data validating specific follow-up strategies are, however, not available to date and thus outcome data, known prognostic factors and clinical experience guide the decisions on follow-up regimens. The review summarizes general recommendations as well as specific considerations based on tumor entities, clinicopathological tumor characteristics and clinical experience. Follow-up shall serve the patient to improve outcome, benefit from more effective therapies and suffer less from unnecessary and/or toxic therapeutic interventions and finally preserve or gain a good quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Medical Department, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Campus Mitte and Virchow Klinikum, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: ulrich-frank.pape@charite.de.
authors.forename: Ulrich-Frank
authors.initials: UF
authors.lastname: Pape
authors.affiliation: Medical Department, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Campus Mitte and Virchow Klinikum, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maasberg
authors.affiliation: Medical Department, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Campus Mitte and Virchow Klinikum, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jann
authors.affiliation: Medical Department, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Campus Mitte and Virchow Klinikum, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pschowski
authors.affiliation: Medical Department, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Campus Mitte and Virchow Klinikum, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krüger
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité Campus Mitte and Virchow Klinikum, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Charité Campus Mitte and Virchow Klinikum, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Timm
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Denecke
authors.affiliation: Medical Department, Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité Campus Mitte and Virchow Klinikum, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Bertram
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wiedenmann
authors.affiliation: Department of General, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Charité Campus Mitte und, Virchow Klinikum, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pascher
mesh_terms: D003266:Continuity of Patient Care; D019468:Disease Management; D006801:Humans; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic
keywords: follow-up; grading; neuroendocrine neoplasia; outcome; primary tumor; prognosis; quality of life; staging