title: Frontalis Sling Operation using Silicone Rod Compared with Autogenous Fascia Lata for Simple Congenital Ptosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate the cosmetic results and recurrence of unilateral frontalis sling surgery using a silicone rod compared with autogenous fascia lata in cases of simple congenital ptosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective comparative study of 59 patients who underwent a frontalis sling operation for congenital ptosis. Patients were divided into two groups according to the sling material used; an autogeneous fascia lata (fl) group (n = 24) and a silicone rod group (sl) (n = 35). Cosmetic results and recurrence rates were compared between these 2 groups. The cosmetic results of the frontalis sling operation were assessed as good, fair, or poor based on the difference between the Margin Reflex Distance (MRD) of both eyelids and graded as good if the difference in two eyes was ≤1mm and poor if it was 2mm or more. Recurrence was defined as the conversion of the cosmetic result from good or fair to poor category.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At postoperative day seven and 30, MRD of both the groups were good but on three months follow-up MRD of silicon rod group dropped, however it was not statistically significant .Lid contour was good in both the groups, however, lid symmetry was poor in two cases of fascia lata at three months follow-up. Repeat surgery for poor outcome was done in 8.6% of cases in silicon rod and 8.3% of fascia lata group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The frontalis sling operation using either a silicone rod or autogenous fascia lata showed equally good cosmetic results and lower recurrence rate at three months follow up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal.
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Sthapit
authors.affiliation: Tilganga Institute of Opthalmology, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saiju
authors.affiliation: Tilganga Institute of Opthalmology, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Limbu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000151:congenital / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D057186:Comparative Effectiveness Research; D005206:Fascia Lata / Q000637:transplantation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009390:Nepal; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D012008:Recurrence; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012828:Silicones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012828:Silicones
keywords: congenital ptosis; fascia lata; frontalis sling surgery; margin reflex distance; silicone rod.