title: Pharmacological Effect of Berberine Chloride in Propyl Thiouracil Induced Thyroidal Dysfunction - A Time Bound Study in Female Rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study is aimed at bringing out the information on the effect of berberine chloride in hyper and hypo thyroidal model with two dose levels.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The research article also reviewed details of various existing patents associated with comprehensive compilation regarding the therapeutic application of berberine and related forms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty female wistar rats weighing between 150-250 gm were divided in to 10 groups. The animals were grouped in to solvent control; hypothyroid; hyperthyroid; prophylactic with two different doses of berberine chloride (50 and 100 mg/kg); treatment groups similar to that of the prophylactic and therapeutic group. To substantiate the dose dependent effect of berberine chloride in 6-n-propyL-2-thiouracil (PTU) induced hypothyroidism, lipid profile, thyroid profile, enzymes profiles and blood profiles, in addition to histopathological studies were also carried out. There was no any significant difference in the lipid profile among solvent control, treatment and prophylactic groups. However, there was a significant difference (***p<0.001) in serum triglycerides, LDL and VLDL of hypothyroid group when compound to that of the rest.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As far as thyroid profile is concerned, T3 level of berberine chloride (50 mg/kg) treated groups (prophylactic+ treatment) showed a significant rise compared to hypothyroid group. TSH level in prophylactic groups was far higher than the rest of the groups (3.002±0.0192, 1.051±0.0008 against the solvent control, 0.308±0.008). SGOT, SGPT levels were significantly higher with the therapeutic group than that of the normal and hypo-thyroidal group. Blood profile of berberine chloride (100 mg/kg) treated therapeutic group was comparable to that of the solvent control than all other groups. The probable mechanism underlying may be that inactivation of type I 5.-iodothyronine deiodinase (5.DI) enzyme by NF-kB pathway.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From the findings of the current study it can be concluded that berberine chloride possesses both thyroid stimulating and suppressing activities depending on its dose, especially berberine chloride 50 mg/kg supports thyroid stimulating property.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Siddhartha Institute of Pharmacy, Near I.T. Park, Sahastradhara Road, Dehradun, India. mauryaharikesh2@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Harikesh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maurya
authors.forename: Sheena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dhiman
authors.forename: Kamal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dua
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. gauravpharma25@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Gaurav
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D013956:Antithyroid Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001599:Berberine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002712:Chlorides / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D010330:Patents as Topic; D011441:Propylthiouracil; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D013956:Antithyroid Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D002712:Chlorides; D008055:Lipids; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D001599:Berberine; D011441:Propylthiouracil