title: Spatiotemporal characterization of brain infarction by sequential multimodal MR imaging following transient focal ischemia in a Rat model of intra-arterial middle cerebral artery occlusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess spatiotemporal brain infarction evolution by sequential multimodal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in an endovascular model of acute stroke in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  A microwire was selectively placed in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in 16 consecutives rats during 90 minutes occlusion. Longitudinal 7-T MR imaging, including angiography, diffusion, and perfusion was performed during ischemia, immediately after reperfusion, 3 h and 24 h after subsequent reperfusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MCA occlusion was complete in 75 % and partial in 18.7 %. Hypoperfusion (mean ± SD) was observed in all animals during ischemia (-59 ± 18 % of contralateral hemisphere, area 31 ± 5 mm2). Infarction volume (mean ± SD) was 90 ± 64 mm3during ischemia and 57 ± 67 mm3at 24 h. Brain infarction was fronto-parietal cortical in five animals (31 %), striatal in four animals (25 %), and cortico-striatal in seven animals (44 %) at 24 h. All rats survived at 24 h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This model is suitable to neuroprotection studies because of possible acute and close characterization of spatiotemporal evolution of brain infarction by MR imaging techniques, and evidence of ischemic penumbra, the target of neuroprotection agents. However, optimization of the brain infarct reproducibility needs further technical and neurointerventional tools improvements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • Nitinol microwire is MRI compatible allowing spatiotemporal characterization of brain infarction in rats. • Microwire selective placement in middle cerebral artery allows complete artery occlusion in 75 %. • A diffusion/perfusion mismatch during arterial occlusion is observed in 77 % of rats.
authors.affiliation: FHU IRIS, Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 Bd Pinel, 69677, Bron, France. benjamin.gory@chu-lyon.fr.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gory
authors.affiliation: Lyon Neurosciences Research (CRNL), CNRS UMR 5292, INSERM U1028, University Lyon 1, 69003, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Fabien
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chauveau
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Radu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bolbos
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Baptiste
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Langlois
authors.affiliation: FHU IRIS, Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 Bd Pinel, 69677, Bron, France.
authors.forename: Paul-Emile
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Labeyrie
authors.affiliation: CERMEP-Imagerie du Vivant, Animage, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Signorelli
authors.affiliation: FHU IRIS, Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 Bd Pinel, 69677, Bron, France.
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Turjman
authors.affiliation: FHU IRIS, Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 Bd Pinel, 69677, Bron, France.
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Turjman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D010477:Perfusion; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020521:Stroke / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Diffusion/perfusion mismatch; Endovascular; Middle cerebral artery occlusion; Neuroprotection; Stroke model