title: Factors associated with thrombosis in pediatric patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The risk of thrombosis is increased in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Few studies have assessed factors associated with thrombosis within the pediatric SLE (pSLE) population. We sought to better characterize these associated factors in pSLE patients using the Childhood Arthritis & Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) registry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Within the CARRA registry, patients with a history of thrombosis were compared to those without. Univariate logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios. A multivariable logistic regression model was conducted that included variables from the univariate analysis that had a p value < 0.10 and other variables identified as clinically significant from published literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 979 pSLE patients in the CARRA registry, 24 (2.5%) patients had a history of arterial thrombosis and 35 (3.6%) of venous thrombosis. In the univariate analysis, the odds ratio of having a thrombotic event were found to be significantly higher in patients with a history of vasculitis, avascular necrosis (AVN), or antiphospholipid antibody (aPL). Similar results were found for vasculitis, AVN, and aPL in the multivariable analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study of pSLE patients suggests that vasculitis, positive APL, and AVN are associated with thrombotic events in this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, OH, USA kyla.driest@nationwidechildrens.org.
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Driest
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, OH, USA.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Sturm
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, OH, USA.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, OH, USA.
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, OH, USA.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Stanek
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, OH, USA.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Ardoin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000097:blood*; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016015:Logistic Models; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010372:Pediatrics; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D014481:United States; D014657:Vasculitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid
keywords: Systemic lupus erythematosus; antiphospholipid syndrome; avascular necrosis; pediatric; thrombosis; vasculitis