title: Short- and Long-term Outcomes in Patients with Connective Tissue Diseases Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs). Risk factors and clinical characteristics in these patients are not equivalent to those in traditional CAD patients. The objective of this study was to report short- and long-term clinical outcomes in a consecutive series of patients with CTD who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group comprised 106 consecutive patients with CTD who underwent PCI in Beijing Friendship Hospital between January 2009 and June 2012. Medical records were analyzed retrospectively including clinical basic material, coronary angiogram data, and the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) during the short- and long-term (median 3 years) follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-two of the patients (86.8%) had one or more traditional CAD risk factors. Multivessel disease was present in more than 2/3 of patients (73.6%). The left anterior descending coronary artery was the most commonly affected vessel (65.1%). Five bare-metal stents and 202 drug-eluting stents were implanted. After a median follow-up period of 36 months, thirteen patients (12.3%) died from cardiac causes, the rate of stent thrombosis was 9.4%, and the rate of target vessel revascularization (TVR) was 14.2%. Multivariate analysis revealed that hypertension (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.30-7.24, P = 0.041), anterior myocardial infarction (HR = 2.77, 95% CI: 1.06-7.03, P = 0.04), longer duration of steroid treatment (HR = 3.60, 95% CI: 1.43-9.08, P = 0.032), and C-reactive protein level >10 mg/L (HR = 3.98, 95% CI: 1.19-12.56, P = 0.036) were independent predictors of MACEs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with CTD and CAD may have severe coronary lesions. PCI in these patients tends to result in an increased rate of stent thrombosis and TVR during long-term follow-up, which may be influenced by traditional and nontraditional risk factors.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wei-Ping
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hong-Li
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Dong-Bao
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hui-Qiang
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Dao-Kuo
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Wei
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D003240:Connective Tissue Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein