title: Clinicopathologic significance of tumor microenvironment CD11c, and FOXP3 expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients receiving rituximab, cyclophosphamide, anthracycline, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) combination chemotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  CD11c is a dendritic cell marker in humans, which potentially induces a cytotoxic effect on lymphoma cells. Forkhead boxP3 (FOXP3) is a regulator of T lymphocyte in the microenvironment of the lymphoma. The principal objective of this study was to determine whether the tumors' microenvironment expressions of CD11c and FOXP3 are predictive of clinical outcomes in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients receiving treatment with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, anthracycline, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) combination chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population consisted of 100 patients with DLBCL. The CD11c and FOXP3 expression in primary tumors' microenvironment were evaluated using an immunohistochemistry (IHC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  CD11c and FOXP3 expression positivity in microenvironment were 25% and 35%, respectively. Each one counted for 1 point. In CD11c and FOXP3 stain, positive was counted as 0 and negative was 1. The points were separated into low risk (0 to 1) and high risk (2) groups. Only the extranodal DLBCL patient group analysis conveyed significant differences of progression-free survival (p= 0.019) and overall survival (p= 0.039) between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We can achieve possible clinical significance of lymphoma tumor microenvironments through CD11c and FOXP3 IHC stains in extranodal DLBCL patients receiving R-CHOP therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Seul
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.|Immune-Network Pioneer Research Center, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: So Yeon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Myeong Seok
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Suee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Immune-Network Pioneer Research Center, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.|Department of Biochemistry, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Gyoung
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Pak
authors.affiliation: Immune-Network Pioneer Research Center, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Ha
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Immune-Network Pioneer Research Center, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.|Department of Pathology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Sook
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jeong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D039521:CD11c Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011379:Prognosis; D000069283:Rituximab / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000276:immunology; D014750:Vincristine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D039521:CD11c Antigen; C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C571759:R-CHOP protocol; D000069283:Rituximab; D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D011241:Prednisone
keywords: CD11c; FOXP3; Lymphoma, large B-cell, diffuse; Tumor microenvironment