title: Apical Closure in Apexification: A Review and Case Report of Apexification Treatment of an Immature Permanent Tooth with Biodentine.
abstract: Materials such as calcium hydroxide paste and mineral trioxide aggregate are used in apexification treatment of immature permanent teeth, but the search for improved materials with higher characteristics of biocompatibility results in different materials. Biodentine is a tricalcium silicate cement that possesses adequate handling characteristics and acceptable mechanical and bioactivity properties. This report describes the case of a 9-year-old boy who was referred to the Department of Dental Clinic of Querétaro Autonomous University of Mexico. One month prior the patient had suffered a dental trauma of his upper left central incisor and had been treated by another dentist. The clinical diagnosis was previously initiated therapy and symptomatic apical periodontitis. The treatment was apexification with Biodentine. At follow-ups performed at 3, 6, and 18 months after treatment the tooth was asymptomatic. The cone-beam computed tomography scan at 18-month postoperative follow-up revealed continuity of periodontal ligament space, absence of periapical rarefactions, and a thin layer of calcified tissue formed apical to the Biodentine barrier. On the basis of sealing ability and biocompatibility, apexification treatment with Biodentine was applied in the present case report. The favorable clinical and radiographic outcome in this case demonstrated that Biodentine may be an efficient alternative to the conventional apexification materials.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research, University of Querétaro, Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico. Electronic address: karelivg@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Karla
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.affiliation: Endodontic Department, Dentistry School, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Medical Research, University of Querétaro, Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico.
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lozano
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Sciences, University of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salas
authors.affiliation: Odontology Research, Latin University, Celaya, Guanajuato, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trigueros
authors.affiliation: Private Practice, San Miguel de Allende, Guanajuato, Mexico.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aguilar
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D056624:Apexification / Q000379:methods*; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D003790:Dental Pulp Necrosis / Q000628:therapy; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D010087:Oxides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010485:Periapical Periodontitis / Q000188:drug therapy; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000473:pathology; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000379:methods; D012390:Root Canal Therapy / Q000379:methods; D017640:Silicates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects*; D014074:Tooth Calcification / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D017640:Silicates; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; C506393:tricalcium silicate; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide
keywords: Apexification; Biodentine; bioactivity