title: Prevalence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood products from hypermarkets in Shanghai.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important gastroenteritis pathogen contaminating seafood in China. In this study a total of 992 seafood samples from major hypermarkets in Shanghai were monitored for prevalence and burden of V. parahaemolyticus from January 2011 to December 2012. Additionally, appropriate probability distributions for describing V. parahaemolyticus concentrations were assessed based on these surveillance data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventeen of 992 samples were positive for V. parahaemolyticus and the geometric mean was 0.1581 most probable number (MPN) g-1. The variation in prevalence of V. parahaemolyticus was seasonal and the burden of contamination in August (0.1942 MPN g-1) was significant (P < 0.01) between 2011 and 2012. Also, the prevalence of V. parahaemolyticus was higher in shellfish and cephalopods than in other seafood (P < 0.05). By comparison, the lognormal distribution and integrated distribution showed no obvious difference for characterizing V. parahaemolyticus contamination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The low prevalence and burden found indicated that seafood from hypermarkets may not be an important risk source for V. parahaemolyticus infection in Shanghai, and more attention should be paid to other areas for selling seafood, such as farmlands or farmers' markets. The simple and effective lognormal distribution is recommended as a better choice for describing V. parahaemolyticus contamination in future risk assessment studies. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hu Cheng Huan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China.
authors.forename: Zhaohuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hu Cheng Huan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hu Cheng Huan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China.
authors.forename: Suping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hu Cheng Huan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China.
authors.forename: LiLi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hu Cheng Huan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China.
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hu Cheng Huan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China.|Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, 999 Hu Cheng Huan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China.|Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, 999 Hu Cheng Huan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China.
authors.forename: Yingjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hu Cheng Huan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China.|Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, 999 Hu Cheng Huan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China.|Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, 999 Hu Cheng Huan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D058491:Bacterial Load; D049830:Cephalopoda / Q000382:microbiology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003445:Crustacea / Q000382:microbiology; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005396:Fish Products / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics / Q000382:microbiology*; D005399:Fishes / Q000382:microbiology; D005506:Food Contamination; D005513:Food Inspection; D005517:Foodborne Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D058889:Molecular Typing; D012306:Risk; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017747:Seafood / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics / Q000382:microbiology*; D012621:Seasons; D012758:Shellfish / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics / Q000382:microbiology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014735:Vibrio Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D014736:Vibrio parahaemolyticus / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*
keywords: Vibrio parahaemolyticus; hypermarket; probability distribution; risk assessment; seafood