title: A quantum cascade laser infrared spectrometer for CO2 stable isotope analysis: Field implementation at a hydrocarbon contaminated site under bio-remediation.
abstract: Real-time methods to monitor stable isotope ratios of CO2 are needed to identify biogeochemical origins of CO2 emissions from the soil-air interface. An isotope ratio infra-red spectrometer (IRIS) has been developed to measure CO2 mixing ratio with δ(13)C isotopic signature, in addition to mixing ratios of other greenhouse gases (CH4, N2O). The original aspects of the instrument as well as its precision and accuracy for the determination of the isotopic signature δ(13)C of CO2 are discussed. A first application to biodegradation of hydrocarbons is presented, tested on a hydrocarbon contaminated site under aerobic bio-treatment. CO2 flux measurements using closed chamber method is combined with the determination of the isotopic signature δ(13)C of the CO2 emission to propose a non-intrusive method to monitor in situ biodegradation of hydrocarbons. In the contaminated area, high CO2 emissions have been measured with an isotopic signature δ(13)C suggesting that CO2 comes from petroleum hydrocarbon biodegradation. This first field implementation shows that rapid and accurate measurement of isotopic signature of CO2 emissions is particularly useful in assessing the contribution of contaminant degradation to the measured CO2 efflux and is promising as a monitoring tool for aerobic bio-treatment.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), CNRS et Université d'Orléans (UMR 7328), 45071 Orléans cedex 2, France. Electronic address: christophe.guimbaud@cnrs-orleans.fr.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guimbaud
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), CNRS et Université d'Orléans (UMR 7328), 45071 Orléans cedex 2, France; Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), 45060 Orléans cedex 2, France.
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Noel
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), CNRS et Université d'Orléans (UMR 7328), 45071 Orléans cedex 2, France.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chartier
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), CNRS et Université d'Orléans (UMR 7328), 45071 Orléans cedex 2, France.
authors.forename: Valéry
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Catoire
authors.affiliation: Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), 45060 Orléans cedex 2, France.
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blessing
authors.affiliation: Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM), 45060 Orléans cedex 2, France.
authors.forename: Jean Christophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Gourry
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), CNRS et Université d'Orléans (UMR 7328), 45071 Orléans cedex 2, France.
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Robert
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis*; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D005602:France; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis; D054023:Lasers, Semiconductor; D059392:Petroleum Pollution; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002245:Carbon Dioxide
keywords: BTEX; Biodegradation monitoring; Hydrocarbons; Isotope ratio infrared spectrometry; Isotopic signature δ(13)C of CO(2)