title: Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 associated with Behçet's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little information is available regarding the association between vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (VIN3) and Behçet's disease (BD). We report here concomitant VIN3 and genital ulcers in a patient with BD.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 44-year-old Caucasian woman with a history of BD, which had been evolving for 6 years, presented with ulcerated and papillomatous lesions on the vulva. Biopsies revealed a multifocal VIN3 positive for high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) 33. Multiple biopsies were performed to exclude invasive cancer and VIN3 was treated with laser vaporization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We report clinical and anatomopathological features of a rare case of multifocal, high-risk, HPV-related VIN3. We also discuss the possible pathogenesis in the context of BD, featuring chronic ulceration and intrinsic or treatment-induced immunosuppression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. daphne.germann@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Daphné
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2159-367X
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Germann
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Catarino
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Essia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Saiji
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Basel University Hospitals, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Daikeler
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Petignat
authors.affiliation: Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vassilakos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001528:Behcet Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D014846:Vulvar Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery
keywords: Behçet’s disease; Genital ulceration; Human papillomavirus; Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia