title: Intra-articular injection of mono-iodoacetate induces osteoarthritis of the hip in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The mechanism for hip pain has been unclear because of a lack of experimental animal models. We aimed to establish an intra-articular injection technique to the rat hip and to document the effect of intra-articular mono-iodoacetate (MIA) injection to the rat hip with radiography and histology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using 60 6-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats, 25 μl of sterile saline (control group; n = 30) and 25 μl of sterile saline with 2 mg of MIA (MIA group; n = 30) was injected into the right hip joints via posterior approach using a 27G needle. The animals were examined with X-ray and histology 7, 14, 28, 42, and 56 days later (MIA group [n = 6] and control group [n = 6], respectively).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MIA group showed progressive radiographic changes to the hip joint during the experimental period, whereas the control group maintained a normal appearance. The microanatomic appearance was consistent with X-ray images of progressive destruction in the MIA group and normal tissue in the control group. Osteoarthritic (OA) changes became apparent at 42 and 56 days in the MIA group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We established an intra-articular injection technique to the rat hip, creating a hip OA model in the rat by intra-articular injection of MIA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan. njonedr@chiba-u.jp.
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohtori
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
authors.forename: Sumihisa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Orita
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Omae
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
authors.forename: Takane
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D019807:Iodoacetic Acid; D008297:Male; D015207:Osteoarthritis, Hip / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019807:Iodoacetic Acid
keywords: Hip in rats; Intra-articular injection; Mono-iodoacetate; Osteoarthritis