title: VISUAL OUTCOME AND POOR PROGNOSTIC FACTORS IN ISOLATED IDIOPATHIC RETINAL VASCULITIS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the clinical course, visual outcome, and prognosis of isolated, idiopathic retinal vasculitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty patients (150 eyes) with isolated, idiopathic retinal vasculitis were included. Demographic data, clinical data, complications at the initial visit and during follow-up, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography findings were collected from the Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution (MERSI) database from September 2005 to February 2015.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-five (93.7%) patients required treatment with immunomodulatory therapy. Of those 75 patients, 60 (75%) patients were able to achieve durable remission. Factors which were independently significant predictive of poor visual outcome were lower initial visual acuity (OR: 3.78; 95% CI: 1.75-8.16; P = 0.001), cystoid macular edema (OR: 5.54; 95% CI: 1.81-16.99; P = 0.003), and macular ischemia (OR: 5.12; 95% CI: 1.12-23.04; P = 0.036).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority (67.25%) of our patients enjoyed a good visual outcome (most recent visit best-corrected visual acuity equal to or better than 20/40 and within one line or better from the baseline) with immunomodulatory therapy. We found that cystoid macular edema, macular ischemia, and lower best-corrected visual acuity during the first consultation visit were significant independent risk factors for poor visual outcome.
authors.affiliation: *Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, Massachusetts; †Ocular Immunology & Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, Massachusetts; ‡Department of Ophthalmology, Rajavithi Hospital, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Thailand; and §Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maleki
authors.forename: Jennifer H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Sukhum
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Silpa-Archa
authors.forename: C Stephen
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Foster
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D056747:Immunomodulation; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007511:Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D031300:Retinal Vasculitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents