title: Interleukin-10 as a Marker of Disease Progression in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the plasma interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels in patients suffering from dengue hemorrhagic fever between 4 to 7 days of onset of disease and 24 hours after the first sample, to find out the association of plasma IL-10 levels with the outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analytical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  All major hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan, from August to November 2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants included 50 registered patients of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) aged between 15 - 50 years. Plasma IL-10 concentrations were measured on above stated day. Outcome was described as recovery and shock. Platelet count and hematocrit percentages were also recorded. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS version 19. Ap-value ≤0.05 was considered significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma IL-10 levels were found to be raised in DHF patients and were associated with fatal outcome (p=0.004). In recovered DHF patients, plasma IL-10 levels decreased after 24 hours (mean 26.54 ± 16.03 pg/ml) as compared to admission time (mean 74.39 ± 61.69 pg/ml) but in case of DHF patients suffering from shock, plasma IL-10 was found to be higher after 24 hours (mean 87.69 ± 7.77 pg/ml) as compared to levels at admission time (mean 42.56 ± 28.09 pg/ml). ROC curve analysis revealed a change (30 units pg/ml) of plasma IL-10 concentration, within 24 hours of admission, raised from the base line to be 105 times more critical for shock in DHF patients (100% sensitivity and 71.4% specificity, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated plasma IL-10 is a potential predictor of disease severity and fatal outcome in DHF patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, CMH, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore.
authors.forename: Ambreen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tauseef
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Fatima Memorial College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore.
authors.forename: Naima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Umar
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Khawaja Muhammad Safdar Medical College, Sialkot.
authors.forename: Sana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sabir
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, CMH, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore.
authors.forename: Ayesha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akmal
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Azra Naheed Medical College, Lahore.
authors.forename: Saadia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sajjad
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Shaikh Zayed PGMI, Lahore.
authors.forename: Sibgha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zulfiqar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D010976:Platelet Count; D019595:Severe Dengue / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C508609:IL10 protein, human; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D016753:Interleukin-10