title: Fermentation of rapeseed meal, sunflower meal and faba beans in combination with wheat bran increases solubility of protein and phosphorus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To increase self-supply of protein and phosphorus (P) in European pig and poultry diets and reduce nitrogen (N) and P excretion, attention is directed to approaches increasing protein and P digestibility of rapeseed, sunflower and faba beans. Wheat bran is rich in enzymes degrading and solubilizing protein and phytate. Herein, solubilization of protein, N and P was investigated when increasing ratios of wheat bran were fermented with rapeseed meal (RSM), sunflower meal (SFM), faba beans (FB) or a combination of these (RSM/SFM/FB).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Protein, N and P solubility was greater, for all mixtures, the more wheat bran was included and the longer the mixtures were fermented. The increase in N (FB > RSM/SFM/FB > SFM > RSM) and protein solubility (RSM/SFM/FB > RSM > SFM > FB) was greatest from day 0 to day 3 and thereafter limited, whereas P solubility increased during the whole period (5 days; FB > RSM/SFM/FB > SFM > RSM). In general, FB showed the highest solubility and highest increase in N and P solubility, while RSM showed the highest protein solubility and RSM/SFM/FB the highest increase in protein solubility.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fermentation of RSM, SFM, FB and RSM/SFM/FB without or with wheat bran uncovers a potential for increased protein and P digestibility and thereby reduced N and P excretion from pigs and poultry. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Foulum, DK-8830, Tjele, Denmark.
authors.forename: Hanne Damgaard
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Poulsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Foulum, DK-8830, Tjele, Denmark.
authors.forename: Karoline
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blaabjerg
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D029741:Brassica rapa; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D004063:Digestion; D005285:Fermentation; D006368:Helianthus; D016226:Phosphorus, Dietary / Q000032:analysis*; D011200:Poultry; D012995:Solubility; D034421:Sus scrofa; D031307:Vicia faba
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D016226:Phosphorus, Dietary
keywords: fermentation; phosphorus; phytase; pig; protein; wheat bran