title: Hepatogenous diabetes: Is it a neglected condition in chronic liver disease?
abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) that occurs because of chronic liver disease (CLD) is known as hepatogenous diabetes (HD). Although the association of diabetes and liver cirrhosis was described forty years ago, it was scarcely studied for long time. Patients suffering from this condition have low frequency of risk factors of type 2 DM. Its incidence is higher in CLD of viral, alcoholic and cryptogenic etiology. Its pathophysiology relates to liver damage, pancreatic dysfunction, interactions between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and glucose metabolism mechanisms and genetic susceptibility. It associates with increased rate of liver complications and hepatocellular carcinoma, and decreased 5-year survival rate. It reduces sustained virological response in HCV infected patients. In spite of these evidences, the American Diabetes Association does not recognize HD. In addition, the impact of glucose control on clinical outcomes of patients has not been evaluated. Treatment of diabetes may be difficult due to liver insufficiency and hepatotoxicity of antidiabetic drugs. Notwithstanding, no therapeutic guidelines have been implemented up to date. In this editorial, authors discuss the reasons why they think that HD may be a neglected pathological condition and call attention to the necessity for more clinical research on different fields of this disease.
authors.affiliation: Diego García-Compeán, José Alberto González-González, Emmanuel Irineo González-Moreno, Héctor Jesús Maldonado-Garza, Gastroenterology Service and Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital "Dr. José E. González" and Medical School, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64320, México.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: García-Compeán
authors.affiliation: Diego García-Compeán, José Alberto González-González, Emmanuel Irineo González-Moreno, Héctor Jesús Maldonado-Garza, Gastroenterology Service and Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital "Dr. José E. González" and Medical School, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64320, México.
authors.forename: José Alberto
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: González-González
authors.affiliation: Diego García-Compeán, José Alberto González-González, Emmanuel Irineo González-Moreno, Héctor Jesús Maldonado-Garza, Gastroenterology Service and Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital "Dr. José E. González" and Medical School, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64320, México.
authors.forename: Fernando Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Lavalle-González
authors.affiliation: Diego García-Compeán, José Alberto González-González, Emmanuel Irineo González-Moreno, Héctor Jesús Maldonado-Garza, Gastroenterology Service and Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital "Dr. José E. González" and Medical School, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64320, México.
authors.forename: Emmanuel Irineo
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: González-Moreno
authors.affiliation: Diego García-Compeán, José Alberto González-González, Emmanuel Irineo González-Moreno, Héctor Jesús Maldonado-Garza, Gastroenterology Service and Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital "Dr. José E. González" and Medical School, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64320, México.
authors.forename: Jesús Zacarías
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Villarreal-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Diego García-Compeán, José Alberto González-González, Emmanuel Irineo González-Moreno, Héctor Jesús Maldonado-Garza, Gastroenterology Service and Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital "Dr. José E. González" and Medical School, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64320, México.
authors.forename: Héctor Jesús
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Maldonado-Garza
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents
keywords: Chronic liver disease; Diabetes mellitus; Hepatitis C virus; Hepatogenous diabetes; Outcomes; Therapy