title: Multimodal CT techniques for cerebrovascular and hemodynamic evaluation of ischemic stroke: occlusion, collaterals, and perfusion.
abstract: Neuroimaging of cerebrovascular status and hemodynamics has vastly improved our understanding of stroke mechanisms and provided information for therapeutic decision-making. CT techniques are the most commonly used techniques due to wide availability, rapid acquisition and acceptable tolerance. Numerous multimodal CT techniques have been developed in the last few years. We summarize and explain the various multimodal CT acquisition techniques within three categories based on the scanning mode, namely static mode (single-phase CTA), multiple static mode (multi-phase CTA) and continuous mode (CT perfusion and dynamic CTA). Post-processing methods based on different acquisition modes are also introduced in an easy manner by focusing on the information extracted and products generated. We also describe the applications for these techniques along with their advantages and disadvantages.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neuroradiology , Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China.|b China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases , Beijing , China.|c Center of Stroke , Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders , Beijing , China.|d Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Baixue
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: e Neurovascular Imaging Research Core , UCLA Stroke Center, University of California , Los Angeles , CA.
authors.forename: Fabien
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Scalzo
authors.affiliation: f Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science , Computer Science Department, University of California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
authors.forename: Elijah
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Agbayani
authors.affiliation: e Neurovascular Imaging Research Core , UCLA Stroke Center, University of California , Los Angeles , CA.
authors.forename: Graham W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Woolf
authors.affiliation: b China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases , Beijing , China.|c Center of Stroke , Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders , Beijing , China.|d Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease , Beijing , China.|g Department of Neurology , Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neuroradiology , Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China.|b China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases , Beijing , China.|c Center of Stroke , Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders , Beijing , China.|d Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Zhongrong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: h Department of Neurology , Stroke Center, University of California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Liebeskind
mesh_terms: D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D059906:Neuroimaging; D020521:Stroke; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: CT angiography; CT perfusion; Computed tomography technique; cerebral vascular; collateral; hemodynamics