title: Dietary High Fluorine Alters Intestinal Microbiota in Broiler Chickens.
abstract: This study investigated the effects of dietary high fluorine on ileal and cecal microbiota in broiler chickens. Two hundred eighty 1-day-old broiler chickens were randomly assigned to four groups and raised for 42 days. The control group was fed a corn-soybean basal diet (fluorine 22.6 mg/kg). The other three groups were fed the same basal diet, but supplemented with 400, 800, and 1200 mg/kg fluorine (high fluorine groups I, II, and III), administered in the form of sodium fluoride. The microbiota of ileal and cecal digesta was assessed with plate counts and polymerase chain reaction-based denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). It was found that, compared with those in the control group, the counts of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. were markedly decreased (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05), whereas the counts of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. were significantly increased (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05) in the high fluorine groups II and III. PCR-DGGE analysis showed that the number of DGGE bands, similarity, and Shannon index of ileal and cecal bacteria were markedly reduced in the high fluorine groups II and III from 21 to 42 days. Sequencing analysis revealed that the composition of the intestinal microbiota was altered in the high fluorine groups. In conclusion, dietary fluorine in the range of 800-1200 mg/kg obviously altered the bacterial counts, and the diversity and composition of intestinal microbiota in broiler chickens, a finding which implies that dietary high fluorine can disrupt the natural balance and structure of the intestinal microbiota.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China. cuihengmin2008@sina.com.
authors.forename: Hengmin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China.
authors.forename: Zhicai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China.
authors.forename: Junliang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China.
authors.forename: Yubing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development*; D002432:Cecum / Q000382:microbiology*; D002645:Chickens; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D005461:Fluorine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000502:physiology*; D007082:Ileum / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D005461:Fluorine
keywords: Broiler chickens; Fluorine; Intestinal microbiota; PCR-DGGE; Sequencing