title: A Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Detection of Antimicrobial Agents from Seven Classes in Calf Milk Replacers: Validation and Application.
abstract: Calf milk replacers are low-cost feeds that contain available, digestible protein. During their reconstitution, however, the addition of drugs, such as antibiotics, could make them a very simple route for illicit treatment for therapeutic, preventive, or growth-promoting purposes. We developed an HPLC-MS/MS method, preceded by a unique extraction step, able to identify 17 antibiotics from seven classes (penicillins, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, cephalosporins, amphenicols, and lincosamides) in this matrix. Prior to solid phase extraction (SPE), the sample underwent deproteinization and defatting. The method was fully validated according to Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. Decision limits (CCα) and detection capability (CCβ) were in the ranges of 0.13-1.26 and 0.15-1.47 ng/mL, respectively. Thirty-eight samples were finally analyzed, showing the occasional presence of marbofloxacin (six samples) and amoxicillin (one sample).
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, University of Milan , Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca Maria
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Chiesa
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, University of Milan , Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nobile
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, University of Milan , Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Panseri
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin , Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy.
authors.forename: Bartolomeo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Biolatti
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin , Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca Tiziana
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Cannizzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, University of Milan , Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Radmila
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pavlovic
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan , Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Arioli
mesh_terms: D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002417:Cattle; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D005526:Food, Formulated / Q000382:microbiology*; D055231:Lincosamides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010406:Penicillins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D013754:Tetracyclines / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D055231:Lincosamides; D010406:Penicillins; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013754:Tetracyclines; D000658:Amoxicillin; C080260:marbofloxacin
keywords: HPLC-MS/MS; antibiotics; calf; milk replacers