title: NMR- and GC/MS-based metabolomics of sulfur mustard exposed individuals: a pilot study.
abstract: Sulfur mustard (SM) is a potent alkylating agent and its effects on cells and tissues are varied and complex. Due to limitations in the diagnostics of sulfur mustard exposed individuals (SMEIs) by noninvasive approaches, there is a great necessity to develop novel techniques and biomarkers for this condition. We present here the first nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) metabolic profiling of serum from and healthy controls to identify novel biomarkers in blood serum for better diagnostics. Of note, SMEIs were exposed to SM 30 years ago and that differences between two groups could still be found. Pathways in which differences between SMEIs and healthy controls are observed are related to lipid metabolism, ketogenesis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and amino acid metabolism.
authors.affiliation: a Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran ;|b Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Department of Basic Sciences , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran ;
authors.forename: B Fatemeh
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Nobakht
authors.affiliation: c Pulmonary Department , Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran ;
authors.forename: Rasoul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aliannejad
authors.affiliation: a Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran ;
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rezaei-Tavirani
authors.affiliation: b Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Department of Basic Sciences , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran ;
authors.forename: Afsaneh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arefi Oskouie
authors.affiliation: d Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran ;
authors.forename: Mohammad Taghi
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Naseri
authors.affiliation: e Department of Chemistry , Sharif University of Technology , Tehran , Iran ;
authors.forename: Hadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Parastar
authors.affiliation: f Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science, University of Tehran , Tehran , Iran ;
authors.forename: Ghazaleh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aliakbarzadeh
authors.affiliation: e Department of Chemistry , Sharif University of Technology , Tehran , Iran ;
authors.forename: Fariba
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fathi
authors.affiliation: g Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Salman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taheri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D055432:Metabolomics; D008875:Middle Aged; D009151:Mustard Gas / Q000633:toxicity*; D010865:Pilot Projects
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D015415:Biomarkers; D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents; D008055:Lipids; D009151:Mustard Gas
keywords: Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; human serum; metabolomics; nuclear magnetic resonance; sulfur mustard