title: Lamotrigine monotherapy for paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of lamotrigine monotherapy in children with paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of eighteen children aged between 2 years old and 13 years old who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria from January 2008 to December 2014 was enrolled, they received video electroencephalography, brain image scans and proline-rich transmembrane protein 2 genetic tests. Children with known or suspected diseases which would cause secondary paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia were excluded. The initial dosage of lamotrigine was 6.25 mg, and it was gradually increased every week until attacks were controlled. Patients entered the maintenance dose phase upon reaching the effective dosage, and by being attack free at two consecutive outpatient visits. They were followed up for a couple of years until December 2014.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By the end of the 4th week, the attack-free rate reached 100% among all the patients. During the maintenance dose phase, 16 patients remained attack free, 2 patients received additional drug due to attack relapses when they entered puberty. Three patients had relapses because of non-compliance to the therapy, but they became attack free as soon as they re-started the medicine. The mean daily dosage was 26.4 mg (range 6.25-50). Definite adverse effect related to the drug was not reported in follow up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LTG monotherapy is effective and well tolerated for PKD in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, PR China. Electronic address: lilifefe@163.com.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Dong
authors.initials: ZD
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, PR China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, PR China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, PR China.
authors.forename: Chao-Chao
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, PR China.
authors.forename: Neha D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Poonit
mesh_terms: D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004421:Dystonia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D004832:Epilepsy, Absence / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000077213:Lamotrigine; D008297:Male; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014227:Triazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D014227:Triazines; D000077213:Lamotrigine
keywords: Children; Lamotrigine; Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia; Proline-rich transmembrane protein 2