title: Epidemiological Profile of Facial Fractures and Their Relationship With Clinical-Epidemiological Variables.
abstract: The objective of this study was to identify the epidemiological profile of facial fractures and to associate with clinical-epidemiological variables. An epidemiological survey was conducted in which data retrieved from the records of patients with facial fractures were analyzed. Pearson χ(2) test, Student t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Bonferroni post-hoc test, and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis, adopting a level of significance of 5%. The sample consisted of 718 patients ranging in age from 21 to 30 years (56.4%), including 480 (66.9%) men. Traffic accidents were the main etiological agent (62.7%) and the nasal bones were the most affected (41.8%). An association was observed between age and etiology (P < 0.001), fractured bone (P < 0.001), type of treatment (P < 0.001), hospital length of stay (P < 0.001), and complications (P = 0.001). Patients with traffic accident [odds ratio (OR) = 3.08, P < 0.001] and fall (OR = 2.50, P = 0.049) as etiology had more risk of complications. The type of fractured bone was associated with etiology (P < 0.001), type of treatment (P < 0.001), hospital length of stay (P < 0.001), and complications (maxilla--OR = 1.90, P = 0.004). In conclusion, facial fractures predominantly affect men aged 21 to 30 years. Traffic accidents are the main etiology and the nasal bone is the site most affected. It was observed that the older the patient, the greater the susceptibility to falls, surgical treatment, hospital stay, and complications. Patients with maxillary or mandibular fractures remain hospitalized for longer periods of time. Fractures by traffic accident and fall had more risk of complications. The risk of complications was also higher in patients with maxilla fracture.
authors.affiliation: *State University of Paraíba, Araruna†Integrated Colleges of Patos‡Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Brazil.
authors.forename: Amanda Lira Rufino
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: de Lucena
authors.forename: Gabriel Freire
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: da Silva Filho
authors.forename: Tássia Cristina
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: de Almeida Pinto Sarmento
authors.forename: Sérgio Henrique Gonçalves
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.forename: Fátima Roneiva Alves
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: Dmitry José
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: de Santana Sarmento
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001938:Brazil; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000293:injuries*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009295:Nasal Bone / Q000293:injuries; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult