title: [Protective Effects of Ginkgolide N Against Glutamate-Induced Injury in PC12 Cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the protective effects of ginkgolide N against glutamte-induced injury in PC12 cells and its mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  The injury model was established by treating PC12 cells with glutamate, and PC12 cells were treated with different concentrations of ginkgolide N with ginkgolide B as control. The cells activity was analyzed by MTT assay. The apoptosis of PC12 cells were examined by acridine orange( AO) staining, the reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial membrane potential of PC12 cells were examined by flow cytometry. Western blot method was used to examine the expression of Cleaved Caspase-3 protein.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ginkgolides N of 2-8 µgmol/L inhibited PC12 cells apoptosis and ROS accumulation induced by glutamate,stabilized membrane potential of damaged PC12, and reduced the expression of Cleaved Caspase-3 protein.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ginkgolide N has a protective effect on PC12 cells injury induced by glutamate, and the mechanism may be associated with reducing ROS generation, stabilizing membrane potential and inhibiting the expression of Cleaved Caspase-3 protein.
authors.forename: Zhen-dong
authors.initials: ZD
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Lei-hong
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Xian-tao
authors.initials: XT
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chun-sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Jian-rongi
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D046934:Ginkgolides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; D016716:PC12 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D046934:Ginkgolides; D020011:Protective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D018698:Glutamic Acid; C505410:Casp3 protein, rat; D053148:Caspase 3