title: Anti-inflammatory effects of conjugated linoleic acid on young athletic males.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the efficacy of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on some inflammatory factors in young healthy males during exhaustive exercise.
  
  
  METHODS
  The randomised double-blind controlled study was conducted at Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran, from December 2012 to March2013, and comprised healthy male athletes 18-24 years of age. The subjects were randomly distributed into control and intervention groups. About 5.6 g/day conjugated linoleic acid supplement and oral paraffin (placebo) were given to intervention and control groups respectively daily for two weeks. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and at the end of the two weeks of intervention. The subjects underwent exhaustive exercise and then fasting blood samples were taken. Serum levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, matrix metalloproteinases-2 and 9 were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 23 subjects in the study, with 13(56.5%) in the supplemented group and 10(43.4%) in the control group. Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and tumour necrosis factor alpha were significantly decreased in the supplemented group (p<0.05). After exhaustive exercise, serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases-2, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and tumour necrosis factor alpha significantly decreased in the supplemented group compared to the control group(p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two-week administration of conjugated linoleic acid reduced the inflammatory factors following exhaustive exercise in young healthy males.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, ArdabilUniversity of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
authors.forename: Abbas Naghizadeh
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Baghi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, ArdabilUniversity of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mazani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, ArdabilUniversity of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nemati
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, ArdabilUniversity of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
authors.forename: Mojtaba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, ArdabilUniversity of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyedyashar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alamolhoda
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, ArdabilUniversity of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza Alipanah
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Mogadam
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056352:Athletes; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000276:immunology; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; C439524:TNF protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: CLA, MMP2, MMP9, hs-CRP, Exercise.