title: RISK OF AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION IN END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE PATIENTS RECEIVING LONG-TERM DIALYSIS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) receiving long-term dialysis and compared the risk between various dialysis modalities using propensity score-matching methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  From the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, the authors identified 27,232 patients with ESRD newly diagnosed from 2000 to 2010, including 9,287 patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and 17,945 patients on hemodialysis (HD). A total of 108,928 controls without kidney disease were randomly selected and frequency matched by age, sex, and index year of ESRD patients. The authors established an additional HD cohort matched by propensity scores of PD patients (N = 9,256 each). All cohorts were followed up until the end of 2011 to measure the incidence of AMD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidences of AMD were 1.84, 4.03, 5.37, and 3.50 per 1,000 person-years in the control, ESRD (PD and HD), PD, and HD cohorts, respectively. The hazard ratios for AMD were 1.72, 2.47, and 1.43 for the ESRD, PD, and HD cohorts, with 95% confidence intervals of 1.50 to 1.97, 2.05 to 2.98, and 1.22 to 1.68, respectively, compared with the control cohort. The patients on PD exhibited a hazard ratio of 1.74 (95% confidence interval = 1.27-2.38) for developing AMD compared with propensity score-matched patients on HD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with ESRD may exhibit a higher risk of AMD than people without kidney disease. Patients on PD may be more likely to develop AMD than patients on HD.
authors.affiliation: *Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; †Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; ‡Division of Nephrology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; §Division of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; ¶School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; **Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; ††Division of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; ‡‡Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; and §§Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University College of Public Health, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: I-Kuan
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hui-Ju
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Cheng-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Tzung-Hai
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: Fung-Chang
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Sung
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009313:National Health Programs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D013624:Taiwan