title: Personality traits in patients with cluster headache: a comparison with migraine patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cluster headache (CH) has been associated with certain personality traits and lifestyle features, but there are few studies assessing personality profiles in CH. We aimed to analyze personality traits in patients with CH, and to compare them with those found in migraine.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included all consecutive patients with CH attending 5 outpatient offices between January and December 2013. Personality traits were evaluated using the Salamanca screening test, a validated inventory assessing 11 personality traits grouped in 3 clusters. We analyzed the test results in this population, and compared them with those of a migraine population previously assessed with the same test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty patients with CH (75 men, 5 women; mean age, 43.2 ± 9.9 years) were recruited. The reference population consisted of 164 migraine patients (30 men, 134 women; mean age 36.4 ± 12.7 years). In CH patients, the most frequent personality traits were anancastic (52.5 %), anxious (47.5 %), histrionic (45 %), schizoid (42.5 %), impulsive (32.5 %) and paranoid (30 %). When compared to migraine patients, paranoid (p < 0.001; χ2 test), and schizoid traits (p = 0.007; χ2 test) were significantly more prevalent in CH patients. In logistic regression analysis the paranoid trait was significantly associated with CH (p = 0.001; OR: 3.27, 95 % CI [1.66-6.43]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to the Salamanca screening test, personality traits included in cluster A (odd or eccentric disorders) are more prevalent in CH patients than in a population of migraineurs. Larger studies are needed to determine whether certain personality traits are related to CH.
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry Department Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry Department Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jurado
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario del Henares, Coslada, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario del Henares, Coslada, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Toribio
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry Department Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Sotelo
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Avda. Ramón y Cajal 3, 47005, Valladolid, Spain. gueneurol@gmail.com.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Guerrero
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry Department Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Molina
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry Department Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Uribe
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department. Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cuadrado
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D003027:Cluster Headache / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D010551:Personality; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cluster headache; Eccentric disorders; Migraine; Paranoid personality; Personality traits; Salamanca test; Schizoid personality