title: [Advance Care Planning and Decisions to limit treatment at the end of life - the view from medical ethics and psychooncology].
abstract: Decisions to limit treatment are important in order to avoid overtreatment at the end of life. They proceed more than half of expected deaths in Europe and the US, but are not always communicated with the patient in advance. One reason for non-involvement is that conversations that prepare patients for end-of-life decisions and work out their preferences do not take place on a regular basis. At the same time there is growing evidence that such communication improves patients' quality of life, reduces anxiety and depression and allows patients to develop a realistic understanding of their situation - which in turn is a prerequisite for shared decision making about limiting treatment. In this paper we define "treatment limitation" and explain the medical ethics perspective. The main focus, however, is on the causes that hinder advanced care planning and conversations about limiting treatment in the care of patients with advanced disease. Finally the evidence for approaches to improve the situation is presented with concrete suggestions for solutions.
authors.forename: Eva C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Winkler
authors.forename: Pia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Heußner
mesh_terms: D032722:Advance Care Planning; D003142:Communication; D003657:Decision Making; D004992:Ethics, Medical; D006801:Humans; D008495:Medical Oncology / Q000941:ethics*; D011788:Quality of Life