title: Prevalence, Patterns, and Predictors of T'ai Chi and Qigong Use in the United States: Results of a Nationally Representative Survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the prevalence, patterns, and predictors of t'ai chi and qigong use in the U.S. general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the 2012 National Health Interview Survey (n = 34,525). Weighted frequencies were used to analyze lifetime and 12-month prevalence and patterns of use. Independent predictors of practice were analyzed by using logistic regression models. Analyzes were conducted in 2015.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The lifetime and 12-month prevalence of t'ai chi/qigong practice were 3.1% and 1.2%, respectively. The 12-month prevalence was associated with age older than 30 years; being African American, Asian, or other ethnic origin; living in the West; being college educated and single; and being a light to heavy alcohol consumer. Almost 39% of users attended formal classes. T'ai chi/qigong was practiced for wellness/disease prevention and to improve energy, immune function, athletic performance, or memory/concentration. Stress, arthritis, and joint problems were the most frequent specific health problems for practice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite an only marginal increase of t'ai chi/qigong practice in the United States over the past 10 years, the proportion of minorities among practitioners has increased significantly. Gaps between clinical application and research are discussed.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany .|2 Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney , Sydney, Australia .
authors.forename: Romy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lauche
authors.affiliation: 3 Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Wayne
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany .
authors.forename: Gustav
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dobos
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen , Essen, Germany .|2 Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney , Sydney, Australia .
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cramer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D064906:Qigong / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D026302:Tai Ji / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult