title: Endoscopic palliation of malignant biliary strictures.
abstract: Malignant biliary strictures often present late after the window for curative resection has elapsed. In such patients, the goal of therapy is typically focused on palliation. While historically, palliative measures were performed surgically, the advent of endoscopic intervention offers minimally invasive options to provide relief of symptoms, improve quality of life, and in some cases, increase survival of these patients. Some of these therapies, such as endoscopic biliary decompression, have become mainstays of treatment for decades, whereas newer modalities, including radiofrequency ablation, and photodynamic therapy offer additional options for patients with incurable biliary malignancies.
authors.affiliation: Sanjay M Salgado, Monica Gaidhane, Michel Kahaleh, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, United States.
authors.forename: Sanjay M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Salgado
authors.affiliation: Sanjay M Salgado, Monica Gaidhane, Michel Kahaleh, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, United States.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gaidhane
authors.affiliation: Sanjay M Salgado, Monica Gaidhane, Michel Kahaleh, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, United States.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kahaleh
keywords: Biliary strictures; Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; Endoscopic ultrasound; Endoscopy; Malignant; Palliation; Photodynamic therapy; Radiofrequency ablation