title: Cytotoxic potential of few Indian fruit peels through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay on HepG2 cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate in vitro anticancer activity of a few Indian fruit peels through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay against HepG2 cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hydroalcoholic extracts were prepared of five fruit peels, i.e., banana, lemon, guava, orange, and papaya by maceration and thereafter subjected for MTT assay to evaluate anticancer potential on HepG2 cells. Plant extract showed best activity was further fractionated with petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate successively and screened again. Phytochemical analysis was then carried out to find out responsible components for the observed activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of the 40 samples from five fruit peel extracts with rich folklore usage, papaya extract showed maximum activity with least inhibitory concentration50 (IC50) value of 18.5 μg/ml. Further analysis after fractionation of the papaya peel extract, aqueous fraction showed the maximum inhibitory activity with least IC50 value of 17.3 μg/ml. Phytochemical analysis of the aqueous fraction of papaya peel extract revealed the presence of flavonoids and glycosides. Total flavonoid content found to be 72.25 mg/g.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Papaya fruit extract demonstrated the best activity against MTT assay which may be due to the presence of flavonoids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Munish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Kusum
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lata
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Saurabh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Satija
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C000598529:3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts
keywords: 3-(4; 5-dimethylthiazol-yl)-2; 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay; Anticancer activity; Carica papaya; fruit peels