title: Genome-wide identification, characterization and expression analyses of two TNFRs in Yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) provide insight into the disparity of responses to bacterial infections and heat stress in bivalves.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factors receptors (TNFRs) comprise a superfamily of proteins characterized by a unique cysteine-rich domain (CRD) and play important roles in diverse physiological and pathological processes in the innate immune system, including inflammation, apoptosis, autoimmunity and organogenesis. Although significant effects of TNFRs on immunity have been reported in most vertebrates as well as some invertebrates, the complete TNFR superfamily has not been systematically characterized in scallops. In this study, two different types of TNFR-like genes, including PyTNFR1 and PyTNFR2 genes were identified from Yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis, Jay, 1857) through whole-genome scanning. Phylogenetic and protein structural analyses were carried out to determine the identities and evolutionary relationships of the two genes. The expression profiling of PyTNFRs was performed at different development stages, in healthy adult tissues and in hemocytes after bacterial infection and heat stress. Expression analysis revealed that both PyTNFRs were significantly induced during the acute phase (3 h) after infection with Gram-positive (Micrococcus luteus) and Gram-negative (Vibrio anguillarum) bacteria, though much more dramatic chronic-phase (24 h) changes were observed after V. anguillarum challenge. For heat stress, only PyTNFR2 displayed significant elevation at 12 h and 24 h, which suggests a functional difference in the two PyTNFRs. Collectively, this study provides novel insight into the PyTNFRs and the specific role and response of TNFR-involved pathways in host immune responses against different bacterial pathogens and heat stress in bivalves.
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors.forename: Huaiqian
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dou
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors.forename: Ruojiao
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors.forename: Xianhui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China. Electronic address: rjwang@ouc.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ruijia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors.forename: Shi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China. Electronic address: lingling80@ouc.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lingling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors.forename: Zhenmin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bao
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D018869:Heat-Shock Response; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000382:microbiology; D016982:Micrococcus luteus / Q000502:physiology*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D049897:Pectinidae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014733:Vibrio / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor
keywords: Gram-positive and gram-negative infection; Heat stress; Innate immune; Patinopecten yessoensis; TNFR