title: Effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide and electron-beam irradiation treatment for removal and inactivation of viruses in equine-derived xenografts.
abstract: Bone grafting is a common procedure for bone reconstruction in dentistry, orthopedics, and neurosurgery. A wide range of grafts are currently used, and xenografts are regarded as an interesting alternative to autogenous bone because all mammals share the same bone mineral component composition and morphology. Antigens must be eliminated from bone grafts derived from animal tissues in order to make them biocompatible. Moreover, the processing method must also safely inactivate and/or remove viruses or other potential infectious agents. This study assessed the efficacy of two steps applied in manufacturing some equine-derived xenografts: hydrogen-peroxide and e-beam sterilization treatments for inactivation and removal of viruses in equine bone granules (cortical and cancellous) and collagen and pericardium membranes. Viruses belonging to three different human viral species (Herpes simplex virus type 1, Coxsackievirus B1, and Influenzavirus type A H1N1) were selected and used to spike semi-processed biomaterials. For each viral species, the tissue culture infective dose (TCID50) on cell lines and the number of genome copies through qPCR were assessed. Both treatments were found to be effective at virus inactivation. Considering the model viruses studied, the application of hydrogen peroxide and e-beam irradiation could also be considered effective for processing bone tissue of human origin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Via A. Gabelli, 63 35121 Padua, PD, Italy.
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cusinato
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Via A. Gabelli, 63 35121 Padua, PD, Italy. Electronic address: monia.pacenti@sanita.padova.it.
authors.forename: Monia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pacenti
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Via A. Gabelli, 63 35121 Padua, PD, Italy. Electronic address: thomas.martello@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Martello
authors.affiliation: Bioteck S.p.A., Via E. Fermi, 49 36057 Arcugnano, VI, Italy. Electronic address: p.fattori@bioteck.biz.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fattori
authors.affiliation: Bioteck S.p.A., Via E. Fermi, 49 36057 Arcugnano, VI, Italy. Electronic address: m.morroni@bioteck.com.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morroni
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Via A. Gabelli, 63 35121 Padua, PD, Italy. Electronic address: giorgio.palu@unipd.it.
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Palù
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D004583:Electrons; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000528:radiation effects; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000528:radiation effects; D064593:Heterografts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000821:virology*; D006736:Horses; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide
keywords: Bone graft; Deantigenation; Electron-beam irradiation; Hydrogen peroxide; Virus inactivation