title: Individual differences in early adolescents' latent trait cortisol (LTC): Relation to early adversity.
abstract: Substantial evidence suggests that youth who experience early adversity exhibit alterations in hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis functioning, thereby increasing risk for negative health outcomes. However, few studies have explored whether early adversity alters enduring trait indicators of HPA axis activity. Using objective contextual stress interviews with adolescents and their mothers to assess early adversity, we examined the cumulative impact of nine types of early adversity on early adolescents girls' latent trait cortisol (LTC). Adolescents (n = 122; M age = 12.39 years) provided salivary cortisol samples three times a day (waking, 30 min post-waking, and bedtime) over 3 days. Latent state-trait modeling indicated that the waking and 30 min post-waking samples contributed to a LTC factor. Moreover, greater early adversity was associated with a lower LTC level. Implications of LTC for future research examining the impact of early adversity on HPA axis functioning are discussed. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 58:700-713, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Williams College, Bronfman Science Center, 18 Hoxsey St, Williamstown 01267, MA. Catherine.B.Stroud@williams.edu.
authors.forename: Catherine B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Stroud
authors.affiliation: Department of Criminology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, PA.
authors.forename: Frances R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-1104, AZ.
authors.forename: Leah D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Doane
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-1104, AZ.|Institute for Interdisciplinary Salivary Bioscience Research, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-3604, AZ.|Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore 21218, MD.|School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21218, MD.|Department of Psychology, Salivary Bioscience Laboratory, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE.
authors.forename: Douglas A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Granger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism*; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000378:metabolism*; D007206:Individuality; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000378:metabolism*; D012463:Saliva; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone
keywords: adolescence; diurnal cortisol; early adversity; hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis; salivary cortisol; trait