title: Oral and maxillofacial considerations in Gardner's syndrome: a report of two cases.
abstract: Gardner's syndrome (GS) is a genetic disorder characterised by intestinal polyps, multiple osteomas, and soft-tissue tumours. Dentists play an important role in the syndrome diagnosis considering that craniomaxillofacial osteomas are a major criteria for Gardner's syndrome diagnosis. This study aimed to describe the main stomatological manifestation of GS and the importance of dentists in its diagnosis. Two patients presenting GS were evaluated. The first one had two osteomas in the mandible and GS was suspected. The colonoscopy confirmed the presence of polyposis and a prophylactic proctocolectomy was performed. The other patient had a late-stage diagnosis of GS and developed a rectum adenocarcinoma. The presence of craniomaxillofacial osteomas are a hallmark of the disease. Early-stage GS diagnosis may enable early diagnosis and preventive strategies in carriers. Other dental abnormalities, such as supernumerary teeth, hypercementosis and odontomas, can also be observed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, A. C. Camargo Cancer Centre, São Paulo, SP 01509-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Debora Lima
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, A. C. Camargo Cancer Centre, São Paulo, SP 01509-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Andre
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncogenetics, A. C. Camargo Cancer Centre, São Paulo, SP 01509-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Isabel Waddington
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Achatz
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, A. C. Camargo Cancer Centre, São Paulo, SP 01509-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: AndreCaroli
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Genomicsand Molecular Biology Laboratory, A. C. Camargo Cancer Centre, São Paulo, SP 01509-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Giovana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: TardinTorrezan
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, A. C. Camargo Cancer Centre, São Paulo, SP 01509-900, Brazil; Department of Stomatology, São Paulo University, São Paulo, SP 01509-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabio Abreu
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Alves
keywords: Gardner’s syndrome; familial adenomatous polyposis; maxillofacial; osteomas