title: Characterization and pharmacological potential of Lactobacillus sakei 1I1 isolated from fresh water fish Zacco koreanus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are still a large variety of microorganisms among aquatic animals which have not been explored for their pharmacological potential. Hence, present study was aimed to isolate and characterize a potent lactic acid bacterium from fresh water fish sample Zacco koreanus, and to confirm its pharmacological potential.
  
  
  METHODS
  Isolation of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from fresh water fish samples was done using serial dilution method. Biochemical identification and molecular characterization of selected LAB isolate 1I1, based on its potent antimicrobial efficacy, was accomplished using API kit and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. Further, 1I1 was assessed for α-glucosidase and tyrosinase inhibitory potential as well as antiviral efficacy against highly pathogenic human influenza virus H1N1 using MDCK cell line in terms of its pharmacological potential.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Here, we first time report isolation as well as biochemical and molecular characterization of a lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus sakei 1I1 isolated from the intestine of a fresh water fish Z. koreanus. As a result, L. sakei 1I1 exhibited potent antimicrobial effect in vitro, and diameter of zones of inhibition of 1I1 against the tested pathogens was found in the range of 13.32 ± 0.51 to 23.16 ± 0.32 mm. Also L. sakei 1I1 at 100 mg/ml exhibited significant (p < 0.05) α-glucosidase and tyrosinase inhibitory activities by 60.69 and 72.59%, in terms of its anti-diabetic and anti-melanogenic potential, respectively. Moreover, L. sakei 1I1 displayed profound anti-cytopathic effect on MDCK cell line when treated with its ethanol extract (100 mg/ml), confirming its potent anti-viral efficacy against H1N1 influenza virus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings reinforce the suggestions that L. sakei 1I1 isolated from the intestine of fresh water fish Z. koreanus might be a candidate of choice for using in pharmacological preparations as an effective drug.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiome Laboratory, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 712-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Vivek K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Bajpai
authors.affiliation: National Science Museum, Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, Daejeon, 32143, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiome Laboratory, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 712-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Gyeong-Jun
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiome Laboratory, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 712-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Rajib
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Majumder
authors.affiliation: National Science Museum, Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, Daejeon, 32143, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chanseo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: National Science Museum, Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, Daejeon, 32143, Republic of Korea. jeongheuilim@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jeongheui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: National Science Museum, Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, Daejeon, 32143, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Woon Kee
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Paek
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiome Laboratory, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 712-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Irfan A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Rather
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiome Laboratory, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 712-749, Republic of Korea. peter@ynu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yong-Ha
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D004285:Dogs; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005399:Fishes / Q000382:microbiology*; D005618:Fresh Water; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000187:drug effects; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology*; D061985:Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000821:virology; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000032:analysis; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase
keywords: Anti-tyrosinase activity; Anti-viral activity; Fish microbiota; Lactic acid bacteria; α-glucosidase inhibitory activity