title: Evaluation of Nosocomial Infection in Patients at hematology-oncology ward of Dr. Sheikh children's hospital.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Infections in critical care unit are high, and they are serious hospital problems. Infections acquired during the hospital stay are generally called nosocomial infections, initially known as infections arising after 48 h of hospital admission. The mostfrequent nosocomial infections (urinary, respiratory, gastroenteritis and blood stream infection) were common in patients at hospital.The aim was to study, the current status of nosocomial infection, rate of infection among hospitalized children at hematology-oncology ward of Dr. Sheikh children's hospital, Mashhad, Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected from 200 patient's records presented with symptoms of nosocomial infection at hematology-oncology ward of Dr. Sheikh children's hospital from March 2014 to September 2014. Descriptive statistics using percentage was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Incidence of nosocomial infections inpatients athematology-oncology ward was 31% (62/200). Of which 69.35% (43/62) blood stream infection being the most frequent; followed by 30.64% (19/62) was urinary tract infection (UTI), and the most common blood culture isolate was been Staphylococcus epidermidis 18 (41.86%), andour study showed that large numbers ofnosocomial UTIs causing by Gram‑negative bacteria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed blood stream infection and UTI are the common nosocomial infections among patients athematology-oncology ward. Early recognition of infections and short term use of invasive devices along with proper infection control procedures can significantly decrease the incidence of nosocomial infections in patients.
authors.affiliation: Associate professor of pediatric Hematology& Oncology & stem cell transplantation, Mashhad University of medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghassemi
authors.affiliation: Assistant professor of pediatric Hematology& Oncology, Mashhad University of medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Farhangi
authors.affiliation: Associate professor of pediatric Hematology& Oncology, Mashhad University of medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Badiee
authors.affiliation: Professor of pediatric Hematology& Oncology, Mashhad University of medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Banihashem
authors.affiliation: Head nurse of infectious control at Dr Sheikh children's hospital, Mashhad University of medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Mosaddegh
keywords: Blood Stream Infection; Nosocomial Infection; Respiratory; Urinary