title: Mortality in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: an Updated Review.
abstract: Both systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its treatments can contribute to increased mortality rates. The focus of this review is recent studies on mortality and comorbidities during the last 5 years from around the world. The authors conducted a literature review, using PUBMED, for articles relating to SLE mortality with a specific focus on literature published within the last 5 years. Our analysis found that while mortality in SLE patients continues to improve, there are differences in survival based on ethnicity, socioeconomic status, age, and gender. The most common cause of mortality is cardiovascular disease, followed closely by infection and severe disease activity. To conclude, while there have been significant advances in the treatment of SLE and its associated comorbidities, increased mortality remains a major concern in patient management.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, New York University School of Medicine, 301 E 17th St, Suite 1410, New York, NY, 10003, USA. cesar.forsnieves@nyumc.org.
authors.forename: César E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Fors Nieves
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, New York University School of Medicine, 301 E 17th St, Suite 1410, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Izmirly
mesh_terms: D001208:Asia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality*; D020945:Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System / Q000401:mortality; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Infection coronary artery disease; Lupus nephritis (LN); Mortality; Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)