title: Directly targeting the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis for cancer therapy using BH3 mimetics - recent successes, current challenges and future promise.
abstract: Apoptosis within cancer cells is controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins, making them powerful arbiters of cell fate in response to stress induced by neoplastic transformation as well as exposure to anti-cancer therapies. Many cancers evade pro-apoptotic stress signals by up-regulating anti-apoptotic proteins such as BCL-2, BCL-XLor MCL-1 to maintain their survival. However, this may come at a cost, as these cancers may also become dependent on these anti-apoptotic proteins for survival. The development and deployment of BCL-2 family inhibitors (drugs that mimic the activity of pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins or 'BH3 mimetics') is based on this paradigm, and the first potent and specific molecules are now being evaluated in clinical trials. We review the recent successes in this field, the challenges currently being faced, and the promising future ahead.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.|Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Kristopher A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Sarosiek
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. Anthony_Letai@dfci.harvard.edu.|Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Anthony_Letai@dfci.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Letai
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008495:Medical Oncology / Q000639:trends; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
keywords: BCL-2 family; apoptosis; chemotherapy; mitochondria; targeted therapy; therapeutics