title: Resistance to protein adsorption and adhesion of fibroblasts on nanocrystalline diamond films: the role of topography and boron doping.
abstract: Boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond (BNCD) films exhibit outstanding electrochemical properties that make them very attractive for the fabrication of electrodes for novel neural interfaces and prosthetics. In these devices, the physicochemical properties of the electrode materials are critical to ensure an efficient long-term performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relative contribution of topography and doping to the biological performance of BNCD films. For this purpose, undoped and boron-doped NCD films were deposited on low roughness (LR) and high roughness (HR) substrates, which were studied in vitro by means of protein adsorption and fibroblast growth assays. Our results show that BNCD films significantly reduce the adsorption of serum proteins, mostly on the LR substrates. As compared to fibroblasts cultured on LR BNCD films, cells grown on the HR BNCD films showed significantly reduced adhesion and lower growth rates. The mean length of fibronectin fibrils deposited by the cells was significantly increased in the BNCD coated substrates, mainly in the LR surfaces. Overall, the largest influence on protein adsorption, cell adhesion, proliferation, and fibronectin deposition was due to the underlying sub-micron topography, with little or no influence of boron doping. In perspective, BNCD films displaying surface roughness in the submicron range may be used as a strategy to reduce the fibroblast growth on the surface of neural electrodes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alcaide
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Papaioannou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physics, ASCR v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic.|Nano6 s.r.o., Kladno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physics, ASCR v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ladislav
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fekete
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, Aalborg University, Aalborg ∅, Denmark.
authors.forename: Leonid
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gurevich
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zachar
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Stem Cell Research, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 3B, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark. cpennisi@hst.aau.dk.
authors.forename: Cristian Pablo
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7716-1182
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Pennisi
mesh_terms: D015761:4-Aminopyridine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D000199:Actins / Q000502:physiology; D000077770:Amifampridine; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D001895:Boron / Q000737:chemistry*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018130:Diamond / Q000737:chemistry*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D053758:Nanoparticles; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D001798:Blood Proteins; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D018130:Diamond; D015761:4-Aminopyridine; D001895:Boron; D000077770:Amifampridine