title: Epigenetic regulation of insulin-like growth factor axis in hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway is an important pathway in the process of hepatocarcinogenesis, and the IGF network is clearly dysregulated in many cancers and developmental abnormalities. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), only a minority of patients are eligible for curative treatments, such as tumor resection or liver transplant. Unfortunately, there is a high recurrence of HCC after surgical tumor removal. Recent research efforts have focused on targeting IGF axis members in an attempt to find therapeutic options for many health problems. In this review, we shed lights on the regulation of members of the IGF axis, mainly by microRNAs in HCC. MicroRNAs in HCC attempt to halt the aberrant expression of the IGF network, and a single microRNA can have multiple downstream targets in one or more signaling pathways. Targeting microRNAs is a relatively new approach for identifying an efficient radical cure for HCC.
authors.affiliation: Hend Mohamed El Tayebi, Ahmed Ihab Abdelaziz, The Molecular Pathology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hend Mohamed
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: El Tayebi
authors.affiliation: Hend Mohamed El Tayebi, Ahmed Ihab Abdelaziz, The Molecular Pathology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed Ihab
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Abdelaziz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019175:DNA Methylation; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017451:Receptors, Somatomedin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013002:Somatomedins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D035683:MicroRNAs; D017451:Receptors, Somatomedin; D013002:Somatomedins
keywords: Epigenetics; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Insulin-like growth factor receptors; Insulin-like growth factors; microRNAs