title: Nightmare frequency in adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
abstract: Nightmare frequency in adult ADHD patients has not yet been studied systematically. In a sample of 65 patients, it could be shown that nightmare frequency was elevated in ADHD patients compared to a sample representative for Germany. Frequent nightmares (once a week or more often) were reported by 4.62 % of the patients and 1.77 % of the controls. This increase was neither explained by the increased dream recall in general nor by the presence of a comorbid mental disorder. Questions about nightmares should be included in the diagnostic procedures for ADHD patients, and it should be tested whether well-established nightmare treatment strategies like imagery rehearsal treatment might be beneficial to those patients with nightmares.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Schlaflabor, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Postfach 12 21 20, 68072, Mannheim, Germany. Michael.Schredl@zi-mannheim.de.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schredl
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Schlaflabor, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Postfach 12 21 20, 68072, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: J Malte
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bumb
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Schlaflabor, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Postfach 12 21 20, 68072, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Alm
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Schlaflabor, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Postfach 12 21 20, 68072, Mannheim, Germany.|Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Bad Dürkheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sobanski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D004325:Dreams / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D019018:Imagery, Psychotherapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; Comorbid mental disorder; Nightmares; Treatment