title: Quantitative pupillometry and transcranial Doppler measurements in patients treated with hypothermia after cardiac arrest.
abstract: Predicting outcome after cardiac arrest (CA) is particularly difficult when therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is used. We investigated the performance of quantitative pupillometry and transcranial Doppler (TCD) in this context.
  
  
  
  This prospective observational study included 82 post-CA patients. Quantitative assessment of pupillary light reflex (PLR) and TCD measurements of the two middle cerebral arteries were performed at admission (day 1) and after 24h (day 2) during TH (33-35°C) and sedation. Neurological outcome was assessed at 3 months using cerebral performance category (CPC) scores; patients were classified as having good (CPC 1-2) or poor (CPC 3-5) outcome. Prognostic performance was analyzed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC).
  
  
  
  Patients with good outcome (n=27) had higher PLR amplitude than patients with poor outcome (n=55) both at day 1, 13% (10-18) (median, 25th-75th percentile) vs. 8% (2-11) (P<0.001), and at day 2, 17% (13-20) vs. 8% (5-13) (P<0.001), respectively. The AUC-ROC curves at days 1 and 2 were 0.76 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65-0.86) and 0.82 (95% CI 0.73-0.92), respectively. The best cut-off values of PLR amplitude to predict a 3-month poor outcome were <9% and <11%, respectively. A PLR amplitude of <7% at day 2 predicted a 3-month poor outcome with a specificity of 100% (95% CI 86-100) and a sensitivity of 42% (95% CI 28-58). No differences in TCD measurements were found between the two patient groups.
  
  
  
  PLR measurements might be informative in the prediction of outcome of post-CA patients even under sedation and hypothermia.
authors.affiliation: Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation, CHU Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Heimburger
authors.affiliation: Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation, CHU Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Durand
authors.affiliation: Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation, CHU Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gaide-Chevronnay
authors.affiliation: Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation, CHU Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Geraldine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dessertaine
authors.affiliation: Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation, CHU Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Pierre-Henri
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Moury
authors.affiliation: Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation, CHU Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France; Univ Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, F-38000 Grenoble, France; INSERM, U1216, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bouzat
authors.affiliation: Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation, CHU Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS-TIMC-IMAG UMR, 5525-ThEMAS, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Albaladejo
authors.affiliation: Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation, CHU Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France; Univ Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, F-38000 Grenoble, France; INSERM, U1216, F-38000 Grenoble, France. Electronic address: jfpayen@ujf-grenoble.fr.
authors.forename: Jean-Francois
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Payen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003128:Coma; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012372:ROC Curve; D012025:Reflex, Pupillary / Q000502:physiology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler
keywords: Heart arrest; Hypothermia; Induced; Patient outcome assessment; Pupillary; Reflex; Transcranial Doppler sonography