title: Arctic Vortex changes alter the sources and isotopic values of precipitation in northeastern US.
abstract: Altered atmospheric circulation, reductions in Arctic sea ice, ocean warming, and changes in evaporation and transpiration are driving changes in the global hydrologic cycle. Precipitation isotopic (δ(18)O and δ(2)H) measurements can help provide a mechanistic understanding of hydrologic change at global and regional scales. To study the changing water cycle in the northeastern US, we examined the longest (1968-2010) record of precipitation isotope values, collected at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in New Hampshire, US (43(°)56'N, 71(°)45'W). We found a significant reduction in δ(18)O and δ(2)H values over the 43-year record, coupled with a significant increase in d-excess values. This gradual reduction in δ(18)O and δ(2)H values unexpectedly occurred during a period of regional warming. We provide evidence that these changes are governed by the interactions among the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, loss of Arctic sea ice, the fluctuating jet stream, and regular incursions of polar air into the northeastern US.
authors.affiliation: SUNY-ESF, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
authors.forename: Tamir
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Puntsag
authors.affiliation: SUNY-ESF, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
authors.forename: Myron J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.affiliation: US Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.affiliation: University of Alaska Anchorage, Biological Sciences Department, AK 99508, USA.
authors.forename: Eric S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.affiliation: Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545, USA.|University of Connecticut, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
authors.forename: Gene E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Likens
authors.affiliation: University of Alaska Anchorage, Biological Sciences Department, AK 99508, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Welker