title: Albendazole in environment: faecal concentrations in lambs and impact on lower development stages of helminths and seed germination.
abstract: Albendazole (ABZ), widely used benzimidazole anthelmintic, administered to animals enters via excrements into environment and may impact non-target organisms. Moreover, exposure of lower development stages of helminths to anthelmintics may also encourage the development of drug-resistant strains of helminths. In present project, the kinetics of ABZ (10 mg kg(-1) p.o.) and its metabolite (ABZ.SO, ABZSO2) elimination in faeces from treated Texel lambs were studied using UHPLC/MS/MS with the aim to find out their concentrations achievable in the environment. Consequently, the effect of these compounds on lower development stages of Barber's pole worm (Haemonchus contortus) and on germination of white mustard (Sinapis alba) seeds was evaluated. The results showed that ABZ concentrations in faeces excreted in 4-60 h after treatment were above the concentrations lethal for H. contortus eggs. Moreover, pre-incubation with sub-lethal doses of ABZ and ABZ.SO did not increase the resistance of H. contortus eggs and larvae to anthelmintics. On the other hand, concentrations of ABZ and ABZ.SO in faeces are so high that might have negative influence on non-target soil invertebrates. As neither ABZ nor its metabolites affect the germination of mustard seeds, phytoremediation could be considered as potential tool for detoxification of ABZ in the environment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, CZ-50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lukáš
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Prchal
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha 6, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Radka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Podlipná
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jiří
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lamka
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, CZ-50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tereza
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dědková
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, CZ-50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lenka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Skálová
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vokřál
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, CZ-50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lenka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lecová
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha 6, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tomáš
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vaněk
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, CZ-50005, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic. szotakova@faf.cuni.cz.
authors.forename: Barbora
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0377-0743
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Szotáková
mesh_terms: D015766:Albendazole / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects*; D006189:Haemonchus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D008297:Male; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects*; D012756:Sheep; D031226:Sinapis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D015766:Albendazole
keywords: Albendazole; Anthelmintics; Ecotoxicity; Haemonchus contortus; Plants; Sheep; UHPLC/MS/MS