title: Frailty and Constellations of Factors in Aging HIV-infected and Uninfected Women--The Women's Interagency HIV Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Biological similarities are noted between aging and HIV infection. Middle-aged adults with HIV infection may present as elderly due to accelerated aging or having more severe aging phenotypes occurring at younger ages.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We explored age-adjusted prevalence of frailty, a geriatric condition, among HIV+ and at risk HIV- women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS).
  
  
  METHODS
  2028 middle-aged (average age 39 years) female participants (1449 HIV+; 579 HIV-).
  
  
  METHODS
  The Fried Frailty Index (FFI), HIV status variables, and constellations of variables representing Demographic/health behaviors and Aging-related chronic diseases. Associations between the FFI and other variables were estimated, followed by stepwise regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall frailty prevalence was 15.2% (HIV+, 17%; HIV-, 10%). A multivariable model suggested that HIV infection with CD4 count<200; age>40 years; current or former smoking; income ≤$12,000; moderate vs low fibrinogen-4 (FIB-4) levels; and moderate vs high estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were positively associated with frailty. Low or moderate drinking was protective.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Frailty is a multidimensional aging phenotype observed in mid-life among women with HIV infection. Prevalence of frailty in this sample of HIV-infected women exceeds that for usual elderly populations. This highlights the need for geriatricians and gerontologists to interact with younger 'at risk' populations, and assists in the formulation of best recommendations for frailty interventions to prevent early aging, excess morbidities and early death.
authors.affiliation: Deborah Gustafson, PhD, MS, Professor, Department of Neurology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Ave, MSC 1213, Brooklyn, NY 11203, United States, Email: deborah.gustafson@downstate.edu, Phone: +1-718-270-1581, Fax: 718-221-5761.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Gustafson
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thurn
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Holman
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Minkoff
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Plankey
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Havlik
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gange
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gandhi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Milam
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hoover
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000032:analysis; D016330:Frail Elderly / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D005340:Fibrinogen