title: Prospective, randomized and controlled trial on magnesium sulfate administration during laparoscopic gastrectomy: effects on surgical space conditions and recovery profiles.
abstract: The degree of neuromuscular blockade is one of the important factors that determine the condition of surgical space during laparoscopic surgery. Magnesium sulfate potentiates the actions of neuromuscular blocking agent, and we hypothesized that intraoperative magnesium sulfate infusion may improve surgical space condition during laparoscopic surgery.
  
  
  
  Eighty-four patients undergoing elective laparoscopic gastrectomy were randomized to receive isotonic saline (group C) or magnesium sulfate (group M, loading dose with 50 mg/kg over 10 min and then 15 mg/kg/h by continuous infusion) to maintain the moderate neuromuscular blockade using rocuronium. Two experienced surgeons scored the quality of surgical space condition using a 5-point surgical rating scale (SRS). The secondary outcomes included recovery profiles, postoperative pain and adverse events.
  
  
  
  The SRS in group M was higher than that of group C. The proportion of patients with a SRS of 5 (optimal) was 2.7 % in the group C and 40.5 % in the group M (P < 0.0001) although a lower amount of rocuronium was required in group M than group C [24.2 (6.5) mg/h for group M vs. 27.5 (6) mg/h for group C; P = 0.017]. Pain after operation site was less severe in group M than in group C at postoperative 24 h (P = 0.009). Recovery profiles and adverse events were similar between the two groups.
  
  
  
  Intraoperative administration of magnesium sulfate improved the quality of surgical space conditions and decreased neuromuscular blocking agent requirement and postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.|Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 166 Gumi-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 166 Gumi-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea.|Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongjoo, South Korea.
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.|Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 166 Gumi-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea.
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.|Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 166 Gumi-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea.
authors.forename: A Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongjoo, South Korea.
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. shdo@snu.ac.kr.|Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 166 Gumi-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, South Korea. shdo@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Do
mesh_terms: D000732:Androstanols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019148:Neuromuscular Blockade; D009466:Neuromuscular Blocking Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077123:Rocuronium
chemical_list: D000732:Androstanols; D009466:Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate; D000077123:Rocuronium
keywords: Laparoscopic surgery; Magnesium sulfate; Neuromuscular blockade; Surgical space condition