title: Monitoring γ-glutamyl transpeptidase activity and evaluating its inhibitors by a water-soluble near-infrared fluorescent probe.
abstract: The first near-infrared fluorescent probe with excellent water-solubility for γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) has been developed by combining glutathione (GSH) as a recognition unit with a near-infrared hemicyanine fluorophore through an acrylyl linker. The probe exhibits a highly selective and sensitive fluorescent off-on response to GGT with a detection limit of 0.50U/L, and the response mechanism is based on the enzyme-catalyzed cleavage of the γ-glutamyl bond of GSH, followed by the spontaneous intramolecular cyclization and the release of the fluorophore. Notably, the probe has been used to image GGT in zebrafish and evaluate the inhibition ability of three common inhibitors of GGT both in vitro and in vivo, revealing that their inhibition efficiencies are acivicin >6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine >L-serine-borate complex, and their corresponding IC50 values are 0.11±0.01mM, 0.34±0.04mM and 2.06±0.24mM, respectively. The proposed probe is simple, and may have great potential for screening GGT inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Lihong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. Electronic address: shiwen@iccas.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Qiuyu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Huimin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057075:Enzyme Assays / Q000379:methods*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007259:Infrared Rays; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods; D012995:Solubility; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000378:metabolism; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; D014867:Water; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase
keywords: Inhibitors; Near-infrared fluorescent probe; Water-soluble fluorescent probe; γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase