title: Antibacterial Action of a Condensed Tannin Extracted from Astringent Persimmon as a Component of Food Addictive Pancil PS-M on Oral Polymicrobial Biofilms.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity against polymicrobial (PM) biofilms of a condensed tannin extracted from astringent persimmon (PS-M), which is contained in refreshing beverages commercially available in Japan. Salivary PM biofilms were formed anaerobically on glass coverslips for 24 and 72 h and were treated for 5 min with sterilized deionized water (DW), 0.05 and 0.2 wt% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), and 0.5-4.0 wt% PS-M solution. The colony forming units (CFU/mL) were determined and morphological changes of the biofilms were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The CFUs were lower in all PS-M and CHX groups compared to the DW group. PS-M exerted a dose-dependent effect. PS-M (1.53 × 10(7)) at a dose of 4.0 wt% had the same effect as 0.2 wt% CHX (2.03 × 10(7)), regardless of the culture period. SEM revealed the biofilm structures were considerably destroyed in the 4.0 wt% PS-M and 0.2 wt% CHX. These findings indicate that the antibacterial effects of PS-M, a naturally derived substance, are comparable to those of CHX. PS-M may keep the oral cavity clean and prevent dental caries and periodontal disease related to dental plaque, as well as systemic disease such as aspiration pneumonitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan; Institute of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomiyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan; Institute of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 1-1 Seiryomachi, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Education, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidefumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kumada
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biomaterials, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomotaro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nihei
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobushiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Teranaka
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001252:Astringents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001628:Beverages / Q000382:microbiology; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D029788:Diospyros / Q000737:chemistry; D005503:Food Additives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013634:Tannins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001252:Astringents; D005503:Food Additives; D010936:Plant Extracts; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D013634:Tannins; C010882:chlorhexidine gluconate; D002710:Chlorhexidine