title: Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of Heracleum verticillatum Pančić and H. ternatum Velen. (Apiaceae) Essential Oils.
abstract: In this work, the chemical composition, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of Heracleum verticillatum Pančić and H. ternatum Velen. root, leaf, and fruit essential oils were investigated. The composition was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Heracleum verticillatum and H. ternatum root oils were dominated by monoterpenes, mostly β-pinene (23.5% and 47.3%, respectively). Heracleum verticillatum leaf oil was characterized by monoterpenes, mainly limonene (20.3%), and sesquiterpenes, mostly (E)-caryophyllene (19.1%), while H. ternatum leaf oil by the high percentage of phenylpropanoids, with (Z)-isoelemicin (35.1%) being dominant constituent. Both fruit oils contained the majority of aliphatic esters, mostly octyl acetate (42.3% in H. verticillatum oil and 49.0% in H. ternatum oil). The antimicrobial activity of the oils was determined by microdilution method against eight bacterial and eight fungal strains. The strongest effect was exhibited by H. verticillatum root oil, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium (MICs = 0.14 mg/ml, MBCs = 0.28 mg/ml), and Trichoderma viride (MIC = 0.05 mg/ml, MFC = 0.11 mg/ml). Cytotoxic effect was determined by MTT test against malignant HeLa, LS174, and A549 cells (IC50 = 5.9 - 146.0 μg/ml), and against normal MRC-5 cells (IC50 > 120.1 μg/ml). The best effect was exhibited by H. verticillatum root oil on A549 cells (IC50 = 5.9 μg/ml), and H. ternatum root oil against LS174 cells (IC50 = 6.7 μg/ml).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, RS-11221, Belgrade.
authors.forename: Ljuboš J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Ušjak
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, RS-11221, Belgrade.
authors.forename: Silvana D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Petrović
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, RS-11221, Belgrade.
authors.forename: Milica M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Drobac
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, RS-11000, Belgrade.
authors.forename: Marina D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Soković
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, RS-11000, Belgrade.
authors.forename: Tatjana P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Stanojković
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, RS-11000, Belgrade.
authors.forename: Ana D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Ćirić
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, RS-11000, Belgrade.
authors.forename: Nađa Ð
authors.initials: NÐ
authors.lastname: Grozdanić
authors.affiliation: Natural History Museum, Njegoševa 51, RS-11000, Belgrade.
authors.forename: Marjan S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Niketić
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019661:Apiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D030002:Heracleum / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
keywords: Antimicrobial activity; Cytotoxic activity; Essential-oil composition; Heracleum ternatum; Heracleum verticillatum