title: Axonal activity-dependent myelination in development: Insights for myelin repair.
abstract: Recent advances in transgenic tools have allowed us to peek into the earliest stages of vertebrate development to study axon-glial communication in the control of peri-natal myelination. The emerging role of neuronal activity in regulating oligodendrocyte progenitor cell behavior during developmental myelination has opened up an exciting possibility-a role for neuronal activity in the early stages of remyelination. Recent work from our laboratory and others has also shown that contrary to previously established dogma in the field, complete remyelination up to pre-demyelination levels can be achieved in mouse models of MS by oligodendrogenic neural precursor cells that derive from the adult subventricular zone. These cells are electrically active and can be depolarized, suggesting that neuronal activity may have a modulatory role in their development and remyelination potential. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the development of axon-glia communication and apply those same concepts to remyelination, with an emphasis on the particular roles of different sources of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Stanislaw
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mitew
authors.affiliation: The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Yao Lulu
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. Electronic address: tmerson@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Tobias D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Merson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D058953:Neural Stem Cells; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000473:pathology
keywords: Demyelination; Multiple sclerosis; Myelin plasticity; Neural stem cells; Neuronal activity; Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells; Remyelination