title: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: A Driving Force for Urological Complications.
abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing epidemic associated with many adverse complications. Urological complications of diabetes mellitus in men are gaining recognition. Previously unknown associations between T2DM and risk for prostate cancer, bladder cancer, renal cell carcinomas, urinary tract infections, nephrolithiasis, penile lesions, androgen deficiency, and erectile dysfunction have been discovered. Significantly, metformin could play a role in the management of urological malignancies, and therapies used for management of these cancers could in return lead to increased risk for diabetes. In this review, we aim to bridge the gap between T2DM and urological complications by discussing the latest findings in these fields, with the ultimate goal being improved patient care on both fronts.
authors.affiliation: Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 610 University Avenue, M5G 2M9, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Rashid K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Sayyid
authors.affiliation: Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 610 University Avenue, M5G 2M9, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: neil.fleshner@uhn.ca.
authors.forename: Neil E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Fleshner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000209:etiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D008687:Metformin
keywords: bladder; kidney; metformin; prostate; testosterone; type 2 diabetes mellitus