title: Bioinspired negatively charged calcium phosphate nanocarriers for cardiac delivery of MicroRNAs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop biocompatible and bioresorbable negatively charged calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CaP-NPs) as an innovative therapeutic system for the delivery of bioactive molecules to the heart.
  
  
  METHODS
  CaP-NPs were synthesized via a straightforward one-pot biomineralization-inspired protocol employing citrate as a stabilizing agent and regulator of crystal growth. CaP-NPs were administered to cardiac cells in vitro and effects of treatments were assessed. CaP-NPs were administered in vivo and delivery of microRNAs was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CaP-NPs efficiently internalized into cardiomyocytes without promoting toxicity or interfering with any functional properties. CaP-NPs successfully encapsulated synthetic microRNAs, which were efficiently delivered into cardiac cells in vitro and in vivo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CaP-NPs are a safe and efficient drug-delivery system for potential therapeutic treatments of polarized cells such as cardiomyocytes.
authors.affiliation: National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Genetics & Biomedical Research, Milan Unit, Milan 20138, Italy.|Humanitas Clinical & Research Center, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy.
authors.forename: Vittoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Di Mauro
authors.affiliation: National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Science & Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC) 48018 Faenza (RA), Italy.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iafisco
authors.affiliation: National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Genetics & Biomedical Research, Milan Unit, Milan 20138, Italy.|Humanitas Clinical & Research Center, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicolò
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Salvarani
authors.affiliation: National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Genetics & Biomedical Research, Milan Unit, Milan 20138, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vacchiano
authors.affiliation: National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Genetics & Biomedical Research, Milan Unit, Milan 20138, Italy.|Humanitas Clinical & Research Center, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy.
authors.forename: Pierluigi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carullo
authors.affiliation: National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Science & Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC) 48018 Faenza (RA), Italy.
authors.forename: Gloria Belén
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Ramírez-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Science & Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC) 48018 Faenza (RA), Italy.
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Patrício
authors.affiliation: National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Science & Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC) 48018 Faenza (RA), Italy.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tampieri
authors.affiliation: National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Genetics & Biomedical Research, Milan Unit, Milan 20138, Italy.|Humanitas Clinical & Research Center, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miragoli
authors.affiliation: National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Genetics & Biomedical Research, Milan Unit, Milan 20138, Italy.|Humanitas Clinical & Research Center, Rozzano (MI) 20089, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Catalucci
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D004337:Drug Carriers; D035683:MicroRNAs; C020243:calcium phosphate
keywords: calcium phosphate nanoparticles; cardiomyocytes; drug-delivery systems; microRNA; nanomedicine