title: Evaluation of the effect of intranasal infiltrated botulinum toxin-A on a model of allergic rhinitis in rabbits: An Experimental Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Allergic Rhinitis (AR) effects 20-40% of the global population and its prevalance increases. Medical treatment and immunotherapy could be used in AR management. But they are not definitive solution. Medical treatment must be used a long time and has side effects. Immunotherapy cannot be applied to every patient and it also takes a long time. The aim of this study is to evaluate symptomatic and histopathological effects of intranasal infiltrated Botulinum Toxin-A (Btx-A) on an animal model of AR.
  
  
  METHODS
  15 rabbits were divided into 3 groups as control, disease and treatment. AR was formed in disease and treatment groups by intraperitoneal and intranasal ovalbumine. Allergic symptoms were observed and serum IgE levels were estimated to prove forming of AR. Btx-A was infiltrated in inferior turbinates of rabbits in treatment group. Rabbits were sacrified on 32nd day. Paranasal structures were disected and investigated histopathologically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serous nasal discharge and sneezing were observed after ovalbumine applying in disease and treatment groups. Serum IgE levels on 21st day were higher than 1st day and this difference was significant statistically in disease and treatment groups. Serous discharge and sneezing decreased after Btx-A infiltration in treatment group. In histopathological examination, there were significant difference between disease and treatment group in terms of some histopathological findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Considering the effect of Btx-A on AR in animal, it can be said that Btx-A can decrease symptoms and reorganize histopathological findings of AR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat Salih
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Güneş
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Külahlı
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey. Electronic address: dr.kokoglu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kerem
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kökoğlu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Alperen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vural
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Deniz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Avcı
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Special Neon Hospital, Erzincan, Turkey.
authors.forename: Safak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Güleç
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Fatih
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Sönmez
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kübra Tuğba
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Çilenk
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Barış Derya
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Erçal
mesh_terms: D065087:Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D065087:Acetylcholine Release Inhibitors; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A
keywords: Acetylcholine; Eosinophils; Immunotherapy; Metaplasia; Turbinates