title: Emerging Tools for Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation.
abstract: Ischaemic strokes resulting from atrial fibrillation (AF) constitute a devastating condition for patients and their carers with huge burden on health care systems. Prophylactic treatment against systemic embolization and ischaemic strokes is the cornerstone for the management of AF. Effective stroke prevention requires the use of the vitamin K antagonists or non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs). This article summarises the latest developments in the field of stroke prevention in AF and aims to assist physicians with the choice of oral anticoagulant for patients with non-valvular AF with different risk factor profile.
authors.affiliation: University of Birmingham, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, Birmingham B18 7QH, UK.
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Voukalis
authors.affiliation: University of Birmingham, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, Birmingham B18 7QH, UK.
authors.forename: Gregory Y H
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Lip
authors.affiliation: University of Birmingham, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, Birmingham B18 7QH, UK.
authors.forename: Eduard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shantsila
mesh_terms: D015110:4-Hydroxycoumarins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014812:Vitamin K / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D015110:4-Hydroxycoumarins; D000925:Anticoagulants; D014812:Vitamin K
keywords: Atrial fibrillation; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CrCl, creatinine clearance; DM, diabetes mellitus; ESRF, end stage renal failure; HF, heart failure; HTN, hypertension; ICH, intracranial haemorrhage; INR, international normalised ratio; LV, left ventricle; NCB, net clinical benefit; NICE, National institute for Health and Care Excellence; NVAF, non-valvular atrial fibrillation; Net clinical benefit; Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants; Oral anticoagulation; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; RSM, risk stratification model; Risk stratification; SE, systemic embolism; Stroke prevention; TE, thromboembolic episode; TIA, transient ischaemic attack; TTR, time in therapeutic range; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate