title: Increased expression with differential subcellular location of cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G in human CD4(+) T-cell activation and dendritic cell maturation.
abstract: APOBEC3G (apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G; A3G) is an innate defense protein showing activity against retroviruses and retrotransposons. Activated CD4(+) T cells are highly permissive for HIV-1 replication, whereas resting CD4(+) T cells are refractory. Dendritic cells (DCs), especially mature DCs, are also refractory. We investigated whether these differences could be related to a differential A3G expression and/or subcellular distribution. We found that A3G mRNA and protein expression is very low in resting CD4(+) T cells and immature DCs, but increases strongly following T-cell activation and DC maturation. The Apo-7 anti-A3G monoclonal antibody (mAb), which was specifically developed, confirmed these differences at the protein level and disclosed that A3G is mainly cytoplasmic in resting CD4(+) T cells and immature DCs. Nevertheless, A3G translocates to the nucleus in activated-proliferating CD4(+) T cells, yet remaining cytoplasmic in matured DCs, a finding confirmed by immunoblotting analysis of cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions. Apo-7 mAb was able to immunoprecipitate endogenous A3G allowing to detect complexes with numerous proteins in activated-proliferating but not in resting CD4(+) T cells. The results show for the first time the nuclear translocation of A3G in activated-proliferating CD4(+) T cells.
authors.affiliation: Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-AIDS Research Group and HIV Vaccine Development in Catalonia (HIVACAT), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Harold
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oliva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.|Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia and Vida, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pacheco
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Martinez-Navio
authors.affiliation: Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-AIDS Research Group and HIV Vaccine Development in Catalonia (HIVACAT), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.|Service of Immunology, Hospital Clínic Universitari de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-García
authors.affiliation: LIRAD (Laboratory of Immunobiology for Research and Diagnostic Applications), Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias-Pujol, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona (Barcelona), Spain.
authors.forename: Mar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naranjo-Gómez
authors.affiliation: Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-AIDS Research Group and HIV Vaccine Development in Catalonia (HIVACAT), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Núria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Climent
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia and Vida, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prado
authors.affiliation: Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-AIDS Research Group and HIV Vaccine Development in Catalonia (HIVACAT), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.affiliation: Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-AIDS Research Group and HIV Vaccine Development in Catalonia (HIVACAT), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Plana
authors.affiliation: Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-AIDS Research Group and HIV Vaccine Development in Catalonia (HIVACAT), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.|Service of Infectious Diseases and AIDS Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: García
authors.affiliation: Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-AIDS Research Group and HIV Vaccine Development in Catalonia (HIVACAT), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.|Service of Infectious Diseases and AIDS Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Miró
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.|CIBERNED Centro de Investigación en Red, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.affiliation: IVECAT-Group, Institut d'Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain.|Nephrology Service, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain.
authors.forename: Francesc E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Borras
authors.affiliation: MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK.
authors.forename: Naveenan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Navaratnam
authors.affiliation: Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-AIDS Research Group and HIV Vaccine Development in Catalonia (HIVACAT), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.|Service of Infectious Diseases and AIDS Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gatell
authors.affiliation: Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-AIDS Research Group and HIV Vaccine Development in Catalonia (HIVACAT), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.|Service of Immunology, Hospital Clínic Universitari de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gallart
mesh_terms: D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000378:metabolism; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology; D011485:Protein Binding; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000201:enzymology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase; C464924:APOBEC3G protein, human