title: The accuracy of delivery of target pressures using self-inflating bag manometers in a benchtop study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We tested whether operators using manometers attached to self-inflating bags could accurately deliver set targeted peak inspiratory pressures (PIPs) compared to the Neopuff(™) T-piece resuscitator (TPR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants provided positive pressure ventilation to a leak-free neonatal test lung at a rate of 60 inflations/min and a flow of 8 L/min. Participants used three manometers attached to self-inflating bags and a Neopuff(™) TPR to target PIPs of 20, 30 and 40 cmH2 O on each device. Mean PIPs delivered with each manometer were compared to the 'gold standard' Neopuff(™) TPR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 13 991 inflations delivered by 20 participants were analysed. At all target PIPs, the mean PIP delivered using the Mercury Medical manometer attached to a Laerdal self-inflating bag was significantly higher by 5 cmH2 O (p < 0.01) than the Neopuff(™) TPR. The PIP delivered using both the Ambu(™) and Parker Healthcare manometers attached to their respective devices was similar to that delivered by the Neopuff(™) TPR at all targeted PIPs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Accurately targeted PIPs can be achieved when a manometer specifically designed for use on a self-inflating bag is used during manual ventilation. This may be useful in settings where access to a Neopuff(™) TPR or a gas flow source is limited.
authors.affiliation: Newborn Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.|Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
authors.forename: Anthony R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Rafferty
authors.affiliation: Newborn Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.|Deakin University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
authors.forename: Lucy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Newborn Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
authors.forename: Dominic
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maxfield
authors.affiliation: Newborn Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.|Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.|The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.affiliation: Newborn Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.|Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.|The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
authors.forename: Peter G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: Newborn Research Centre, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.|Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.|The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.|PIPER-Neonatal Transport, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thio
mesh_terms: D008365:Manometry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: Low-resource; Manometer; Neonate; Resuscitation; Self-inflating bag