title: The Relation Between Risk and Protective Factors for Problem Behaviors and Depressive Symptoms, Antisocial Behavior, and Alcohol Use in Adolescence.
abstract: Both externalizing and internalizing psychopathology increase throughout adolescence and a similar set of risk and protective factors may underlie depressive symptoms, antisocial behavior, and alcohol use. Analyses test how risk and protective factors for externalizing behavior in community, school, family, peer and individual domains are related to depressive symptoms, antisocial behavior, and alcohol use concurrently and longitudinally in a sample of 2002 students assessed in 8thand 10thgrades (52% male; 58% Caucasian). Findings indicate that risk and protective factors for antisocial behavior and alcohol use are also associated with depressive symptoms, both concurrently and longitudinally. Prevention approaches that target risk and protective factors for externalizing problems may have crossover effects on depressive symptoms during adolescence.
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh.
authors.forename: Kathryn C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Monahan
authors.affiliation: University of Washington.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oesterle
authors.affiliation: University of Washington.
authors.forename: Isaac
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rhew
authors.affiliation: University of Washington.
authors.forename: J David
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Hawkins
keywords: adolescence; depressive symptoms; problem behavior; risk and protective factors