title: Standardization of a well-controlled in vivo mouse model of thrombus formation induced by mechanical injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vascular plug formation by mechanical injury that exposes abundant extracellular matrix is an ideal model to mimic thrombus formation. The objective of this study was to standardize our previously established in vivo mouse model of thrombus formation induced by mechanical injury.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mechanical injury was exerted by pinching the abdominal aorta with hemostatic forceps for either 15 (moderate injury) or 60 (severe injury) seconds. Thrombus formation was monitored for 20min in real time using a fluorescent microscope coupled to a CCD camera. In the moderate injury, thrombus formation peaked at approximately 1min after injury and resolved within 3min, with the mean AUC (area under the curve) of 165.2±17.29mm(2), whereas a larger thrombus was observed upon the severe injury, with the mean AUC of 600.5±37.77mm(2). Using scanning electron microscopy and HE staining, a complete deformation of the endothelium in the moderate injury model and the exposure of the media in the severe injury model were observed. The model was also evaluate for its application on the effects of antithrombotic drugs targeting GP IIb-IIIa (eptifibatide), ADP receptor P2Y1 (MRS2500) and P2Y12 (clopidogrel), and thrombin (hirudin) on thrombus formation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have improved a vascular injury model with optimal reproducibility and feasibility that allows evaluating the effect of anti-thrombotic drugs on thrombus formation in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Key Lab of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China. Electronic address: zjtang@suda.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chaojun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Key Lab of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yinyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Daoxi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Guixue
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Qingjia
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Yiming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S949, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Fédération de médecine translationelle (FMTS) de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS)-Alsace, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gachet
authors.affiliation: Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S949, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Fédération de médecine translationelle (FMTS) de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS)-Alsace, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Pierre H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Mangin
authors.affiliation: Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Key Lab of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology*; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D000077542:Eptifibatide; D024764:Hirudin Therapy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010455:Peptides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D010455:Peptides; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D000077542:Eptifibatide; D013988:Ticlopidine
keywords: Animal model; Anti-thrombotic; Mechanical injury; Thrombosis