title: Removing heavy metals from Isfahan composting leachate by horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland.
abstract: Composting facility leachate usually contains high concentrations of pollutants including heavy metals that are seriously harmful to the environment and public health. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate heavy metals removal from Isfahan composting facility (ICF) leachate by a horizontal flow constructed wetland (HFCWs) system. Two horizontal systems were constructed, one planted with vetiver and the other without plant as a control. They both operated at a flow rate of 24 L/day with a 5-day hydraulic retention time (HRT). The average removal efficiencies for Cr (53 %), Cd (40 %), Ni (35 %), Pb (30 %), Zn (35 %), and Cu (40 %) in vetiver constructed wetland were significantly higher than those of the control (P < 0.05). Accumulations of heavy metals in roots were higher than shoots. Cd and Zn showed the highest and the lowest bioconcentration factor (BCF), respectively. Vetiver tolerates the extreme condition in leachate including high total dissolved solids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Water Science Engineering, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bakhshoodeh
authors.affiliation: Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. alavi@sbmu.ac.ir.|Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. alavi@sbmu.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Nadali
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alavi
authors.affiliation: Microbial Biotechnology and Biosafety Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Karaj, Iran.|Department of Irrigation and Drainage, School of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soltani Mohammadi
authors.affiliation: Microbial Biotechnology and Biosafety Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Karaj, Iran.|Department of Irrigation and Drainage, School of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ghanavati
mesh_terms: D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis; D053833:Wetlands
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012987:Soil; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Compost; Constructed wetland systems; Heavy metals; Horizontal flow; Leachate; Vetiver