title: Acute encephalopathy in an immunocompromised boy with astrovirus-MLB1 infection detected by next generation sequencing.
abstract: We report a case of an immunodeficient 4-year-old boy with acute encephalopathy possibly related to human astrovirus-MLB1 infection. The astrovirus-MLB1 genome was identified in his stool, serum, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and throat swabs by next generation sequencing. We present additional evidence showing human astroviruses are important infectious agents, regardless of their clades, involving the central nervous system in immunocompromised hosts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Nagano Children's Hospital, 3100 Toyoshina, Azumino City, Nagano 399-8288, Japan. Electronic address: watasihasatoanataha@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Nagano Children's Hospital, 3100 Toyoshina, Azumino City, Nagano 399-8288, Japan.
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kasai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Nagano Children's Hospital, 3100 Toyoshina, Azumino City, Nagano 399-8288, Japan.
authors.forename: Hikoro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Neurology, Nagano Children's Hospital, 3100 Toyoshina, Azumino City, Nagano 399-8288, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuhiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukuyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
authors.forename: Harutaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katano
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka-Taya
mesh_terms: D019350:Astroviridae Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D008297:Male; D001257:Mamastrovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*
keywords: Astrovirus MLB1; Encephalopathy; Immunodeficiency; Next generation sequencing