title: Multi-Modal Longitudinal Evaluation of Subthreshold Laser Lesions in Human Retina, Including Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope-Adaptive Optics Imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Subthreshold retinal laser therapy is efficacious for a variety of retinovascular disorders. Currently, it is unknown which laser parameters can ensure no detectable damage to human retina tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  One informed physician participant with a normal retina was treated with three levels (75%, 50%, and 25%) of subthreshold 577-nm laser (PASCAL; Topcon, Santa Clara, CA) at 20-millisecond (ms) duration and 100 µm spot size. Several high-resolution retinal imaging modalities, including spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and scanning laser ophthalmoscope-adaptive optics (SLO-AO), were used to longitudinally image retinal laser lesions during a 9-month period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SLO-AO and SD-OCT imaging of subthreshold laser therapy in human retina showed no cone cell or RPE damage at all time points during a 9-month period using the 25% threshold power 577-nm laser in the human retina.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is likely that subthreshold laser therapy with 577-nm laser at 20-ms duration in the human retina is safe at the 25% of threshold power level.
authors.forename: Edward H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: Theodore
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Leng
authors.forename: Ira H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Schachar
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Karth
mesh_terms: D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D017075:Laser Coagulation / Q000295:instrumentation; D054023:Lasers, Semiconductor / Q000009:adverse effects*; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D019721:Ophthalmoscopes; D020419:Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate / Q000473:pathology*; D012160:Retina / Q000293:injuries*; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence