title: Sensing of redox status by TRP channels.
abstract: Cellular redox status is maintained by the balance between series of antioxidant systems and production of reactive oxygen/nitrogenous species. Cells utilize this redox balance to mediate diverse physiological functions. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are non-selective cation channels that act as biosensors for environmental and noxious stimuli, such as capsaicin and allicin, as well as changes in temperature and conditions inside the cell. TRP channels also have an emerging role as essential players in detecting cellular redox status to regulate cellular signals mediating physiological phenomena. Reactive species activate TRP channels either directly through oxidative amino acid modifications or indirectly through second messengers. For instance, TRPA1, TRPV1 and TRPC5 channels are directly activated by oxidizing agents through cysteine modification; whereas, TRPM2 channel is indirectly activated by production of ADP-ribose. One intriguing property of several TRP channels is susceptibility to both oxidizing and reducing stimuli, suggesting TRP channels could potentially act as a bidirectional sensor for detecting deviations in redox status. In this review, we discuss the unique chemical physiologies of redox sensitive TRP channels and their physiological significance in Ca(2+) signaling.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Nozomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan; Laboratory of Environmental Systems Biology, Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan. Electronic address: mori@sbchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004194:Disease; D006801:Humans; D015640:Ion Channel Gating; D008954:Models, Biological; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D015398:Signal Transduction; D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels
keywords: Inflammation; Oxidative stress; Reactive oxygen species; Transient receptor potential channels