title: Biotransformation of polyphenols in a dynamic multistage gastrointestinal model.
abstract: A multi-reactor gastrointestinal model was used to digest a mixture of pure polyphenol compounds, including non-flavonoid phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid) and a flavonoid (rutin) to identify phenolic metabolites and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and compare relative antioxidant capacities following a 24h digestion. Biotransformation of these polyphenols occurred in the colonic compartments generating phenylpropionic, benzoic, phenylacetic and cinnamic acids. Total SCFAs increased in all colonic vessels with a rise in the proportion of propionic to acetic acid. Antioxidant capacity increased significantly in all compartments, but first in the stomach, small intestine and ascending colon. After 24h, the colonic vessels without parent polyphenols, but containing new metabolites, had antioxidant capacities similar to the stomach and small intestine, containing parent compounds. Biotransformation of pure polyphenols resulted in different phenolic metabolite and SCFAs profiles in each colonic segment, with important health implications for these colonic compartments.
authors.affiliation: School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada. Electronic address: shima.sadeghi@mail.mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Shima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sadeghi Ekbatan
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Université du Québec à Montréal, 2101 Jeanne-Mance, Montreal, QC H2X2J6, Canada. Electronic address: sleno.lekha@uqam.ca.
authors.forename: Lekha
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sleno
authors.affiliation: School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada. Electronic address: kebba.sabally@mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Kebba
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sabally
authors.affiliation: School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada. Electronic address: joelle.khairallah@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Joelle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Khairallah
authors.affiliation: School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada. Electronic address: behnam.azadi@mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Behnam
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Azadi
authors.affiliation: Plant Science Department, McGill University, Raymond Building, 21111 Lakeshore, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada. Electronic address: laetitia.rodes@mail.mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Laetitia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rodes
authors.affiliation: Plant Science Department, McGill University, Raymond Building, 21111 Lakeshore, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada. Electronic address: satya.prakash@mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Satya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duff Medical Building, 3775 rue University, Montreal, QC H3A2B4, Canada. Electronic address: danielle.donnelly@mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Danielle J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Donnelly
authors.affiliation: School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada. Electronic address: stan.kubow@mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Stan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kubow
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001711:Biotransformation; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism; D004063:Digestion; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D059808:Polyphenols
keywords: Antioxidant capacity; Caffeic acid; Chlorogenic acid; Digestion; Ferulic acid; Rutin; Short chain fatty acids