title: The Manchester Respiratory Activities of Daily Living questionnaire for use in COPD patients: translation into Portuguese and cross-cultural adaptation for use in Brazil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To translate The Manchester Respiratory Activities of Daily Living (MRADL) questionnaire into Portuguese and to create a version of the MRADL that is cross-culturally adapted for use in Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  The English-language version of the MRADL was translated into Portuguese by two health care researchers who were fluent in English. A consensus version was obtained by other two researchers and a pulmonologist. That version was back-translated into English by another translator who was a native speaker of English and fluent in Portuguese. The cognitive debriefing process consisted in having 10 COPD patients complete the translated questionnaire in order to test its understandability, clarity, and acceptability in the target population. On the basis of the results, the final Portuguese-language version of the MRADL was produced and approved by the committee and one of the authors of the original questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The author of the MRADL questioned only a few items in the translated version, and some changes were made to the mobility and personal hygiene domains. Cultural differences regarding the domestic activities domain were found, in particular regarding the item "Do you have the ability to do a full clothes wash and hang them out to dry?", due to socioeconomic and climatic issues. The item "Do you take care of your garden?" was questioned by the participants who lived in apartments, being modified to "Do you take care of your garden or plants in your apartment?"
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The final Portuguese-language version of the MRADL adapted for use in Brazil was found to be easy to understand and easily applied.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maíra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Junkes-Cunha
authors.affiliation: Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil.
authors.forename: Anamaria Fleig
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil.
authors.forename: Cardine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Professions, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Abebaw M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Yohannes
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil.
authors.forename: Rosemeri
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maurici
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D001938:Brazil; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012119:Respiration; D013147:Spirometry; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D014177:Translations