title: TRIM29 Overexpression Promotes Proliferation and Survival of Bladder Cancer Cells through NF-κB Signaling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  TRIM29 overexpression has been reported in several human malignancies and showed correlation with cancer cell malignancy. The aim of the current study is to examine its clinical significance and biological roles in human bladder cancer tissues and cell lines.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 102 cases of bladder cancer tissues were examined for TRIM29 expression by immunohistochemistry. siRNA and plasmid transfection were performed in 5637 and BIU-87 cell lines. Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry, western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction were performed to examine its biological roles and mechanism in bladder cancer cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that TRIM29 overexpression showed correlation with invading depth (p=0.0087). Knockdown of TRIM29 expression in bladder cancer cell line 5637 inhibited cell growth rate and cell cycle transition while its overexpression in BIU-87 cells accelerated cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. TRIM29 overexpression also inhibited cell apoptosis induced by cisplatin. In addition, we demonstrated that TRIM29 depletion decreased while its overexpression led to upregulated expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, and Bcl-2. We also showed that TRIM29 knockdown inhibited protein kinase C (PKC) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling while its overexpression stimulated the PKC and NF-κB pathways. BAY 11-7082 (NF-κB inhibitor) partly attenuated the effect of TRIM29 on expression of cyclin and Bcl-2. Treatment with PKC inhibitor staurosporine resulted in ameliorated TRIM29 induced activation of NF-κB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current study demonstrated that TRIM29 upregulates cyclin and Bcl family proteins level to facilitate malignant cell growth and inhibit drug-induced apoptosis in bladder cancer, possibly through PKC-NF-κB signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Shu-Tao
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Sheng-Ye
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000235:genetics; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C530104:CCND1 protein, human; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C087296:TRIM29 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D019938:Cyclin D1; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D002945:Cisplatin
keywords: NF-κB; PKC; TRIM29; Urinary bladder neoplasms