title: Smells like inhibition: The effects of olfactory and visual alcohol cues on inhibitory control.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  How the smell of alcohol impacts alcohol-related thoughts and behaviours is unclear, though it is well-documented that alcohol-related stimuli and environments may trigger these.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The current study, therefore, aimed to investigate the priming effects of both visual and olfactory alcohol cues on inhibitory control.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty individuals (M age = 23.65, SD = 6.52) completed a go/no-go association task (GNAT) which measured reaction times, response accuracy and false alarm rates whilst being exposed to alcohol-related (or neutral) olfactory and visual cues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Alcohol-related visual cues elicited lower false alarm rates, slower reaction times and higher accuracy rates relative to neutral pictorial cues. False alarm rates were significantly higher for those exposed to alcohol as opposed to neutral olfactory cues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By highlighting that exposure to alcohol-related olfactory cues may impede response inhibition, the results indicate that exposure to such stimuli may contribute to the activation of cognitive responses which may drive consumption.
authors.affiliation: Edge Hill University, St Helens Rd, Ormskirk, L39 4QP, UK. monkre@edgehill.ac.uk.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Monk
authors.affiliation: Edge Hill University, St Helens Rd, Ormskirk, L39 4QP, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sunley
authors.affiliation: Edge Hill University, St Helens Rd, Ormskirk, L39 4QP, UK.
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.affiliation: Edge Hill University, St Helens Rd, Ormskirk, L39 4QP, UK.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Heim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003463:Cues; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012903:Smell / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol
keywords: Alcohol; Context; Cues; GNAT; Inhibition; Olfactory