title: A Brazilian Marseillevirus Is the Founding Member of a Lineage in Family Marseilleviridae.
abstract: In 2003, Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus (APMV) was discovered as parasitizing Acanthamoeba. It was revealed to exhibit remarkable features, especially odd genomic characteristics, and founded viral family Mimiviridae. Subsequently, a second family of giant amoebal viruses was described, Marseilleviridae, whose prototype member is Marseillevirus, discovered in 2009. Currently, the genomes of seven different members of this family have been fully sequenced. Previous phylogenetic analysis suggested the existence of three Marseilleviridae lineages: A, B and C. Here, we describe a new member of this family, Brazilian Marseillevirus (BrMV), which was isolated from a Brazilian sample and whose genome was fully sequenced and analyzed. Surprisingly, data from phylogenetic analyses and comparative genomics, including mean amino acid identity between BrMV and other Marseilleviridae members and the analyses of the core genome and pan-genome of marseilleviruses, indicated that this virus can be assigned to a new Marseilleviridae lineage. Even if the BrMV genome is one of the smallest among Marseilleviridae members, it harbors the second largest gene content into this family. In addition, the BrMV genome encodes 29 ORFans. Here, we describe the isolation and genome analyses of the BrMV strain, and propose its classification as the prototype virus of a new lineage D within the family Marseilleviridae.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Vírus, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil. fabiopiod154@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Fábio P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Dornas
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Vírus, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil. felipelopesassis@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Felipe L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Assis
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE) UM63 CNRS 7278 IRD 198 INSERM U1095, Aix-Marseille Univ., 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille 13385, France. aherfi.s@gmail.com.|Fondation Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Timone, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, 264 rue Saint-Pierre, Marseille 13385, France. aherfi.s@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aherfi
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Vírus, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil. tsarantes@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Thalita
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arantes
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Vírus, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil. jonatas.abrahao@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jônatas S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Abrahão
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE) UM63 CNRS 7278 IRD 198 INSERM U1095, Aix-Marseille Univ., 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille 13385, France. philippe.colson@univ-amu.fr.|Fondation Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Timone, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, 264 rue Saint-Pierre, Marseille 13385, France. philippe.colson@univ-amu.fr.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Colson
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE) UM63 CNRS 7278 IRD 198 INSERM U1095, Aix-Marseille Univ., 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille 13385, France. bernard.la-scola@univ-amu.fr.|Fondation Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Timone, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, 264 rue Saint-Pierre, Marseille 13385, France. bernard.la-scola@univ-amu.fr.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: La Scola
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004267:DNA Viruses / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D023061:Gene Order; D016679:Genome, Viral; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology; D026801:Synteny
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral
keywords: Brazilian marseillevirus; Marseilleviridae; Marseillevirus; genomic analyses; giant virus; lineage D