title: Techniques to administer oral, inhalational, and IV sedation in dentistry.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sedation in dentistry is a controversial topic given the variety of opinions regarding its safe practice.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This article evaluates the various techniques used to administer sedation in dentistry and specific methods practiced to form a recommendation for clinicians.
  
  
  METHODS
  An extensive literature search was performed using PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, Google, and local library resources.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most of the literature revealed a consensus that light sedation on low-risk American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) groups, that is ASA I, and possibly II, is the safest method for sedation in a dental outpatient setting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Formal training is essential to achieve the safe practice of sedation in dentistry or medicine. The appropriate setting for sedation should be determined as there is an increased risk outside the hospital setting. Patients should be adequately assessed and medication titrated appropriately, based on individual requirements.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Diana Krystyna
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Harbuz
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Halloran
keywords: Sedation; anaesthetic agents; conscious sedation; deep sedation; dental phobia; dentistry; pharmacology