title: Effect of individual thinking styles on item selection during study time allocation.
abstract: The influence of individual differences on learners' study time allocation has been emphasised in recent studies; however, little is known about the role of individual thinking styles (analytical versus intuitive). In the present study, we explored the influence of individual thinking styles on learners' application of agenda-based and habitual processes when selecting the first item during a study-time allocation task. A 3-item cognitive reflection test (CRT) was used to determine individuals' degree of cognitive reliance on intuitive versus analytical cognitive processing. Significant correlations between CRT scores and the choices of first item selection were observed in both Experiment 1a (study time was 5 seconds per triplet) and Experiment 1b (study time was 20 seconds per triplet). Furthermore, analytical decision makers constructed a value-based agenda (prioritised high-reward items), whereas intuitive decision makers relied more upon habitual responding (selected items from the leftmost of the array). The findings of Experiment 1a were replicated in Experiment 2 notwithstanding ruling out the possible effects from individual intelligence and working memory capacity. Overall, the individual thinking style plays an important role on learners' study time allocation and the predictive ability of CRT is reliable in learners' item selection strategy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.|Department of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
authors.forename: Weijian
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Liren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
authors.forename: Meiling
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China.
authors.forename: Xinyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D058013:Test Taking Skills / Q000379:methods*; D013850:Thinking / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Agenda-based; Habitual responding; Item selection; Study time allocation; Thinking styles