title: Role of Pharmacogenomics in Kidney Disease and Injury.
abstract: There has been considerable excitement in the kidney community surrounding the research findings on the genetic contributions to kidney diseases. However, positive outcomes of personalized therapeutic interventions can be circumvented by unpredictable pharmacokinetics of prescribed drugs. Furthermore, unpredictable drug disposition can result in toxicities such as kidney injury. Patient covariates, disease covariates, and pharmacogenetics all contribute to variability in drug disposition. Further treatment personalization and avoidance of drug- and biologic- induced kidney injury will require extensive knowledge and expertise in renal clinical pharmacology. The current review will focus on the pharmacogenetics of drugs and biologics used in the treatment of glomerular kidney diseases and drugs implicated in inducing kidney injury phenotypes.
authors.affiliation: Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA; Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO; and Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Awdishu
authors.affiliation: Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, CA; Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO; and Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO. Electronic address: Melanie.Joy@ucdenver.edu.
authors.forename: Melanie S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Joy
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced*; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics; D004798:Enzymes / Q000235:genetics*; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D006886:Hydroxychloroquine / Q000378:metabolism; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D000069283:Rituximab / Q000378:metabolism; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000378:metabolism; D000068698:Tenofovir / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D004798:Enzymes; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D000069283:Rituximab; D006886:Hydroxychloroquine; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D000068698:Tenofovir; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D001379:Azathioprine; D002945:Cisplatin; D016559:Tacrolimus
keywords: Acute kidney disease; CKD; Pharmacogenetic; Pharmacogenomics