title: Rapid bacterial antibiotic susceptibility test based on simple surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic biomarkers.
abstract: Rapid bacterial antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) measurement are important to help reduce the widespread misuse of antibiotics and alleviate the growing drug-resistance problem. We discovered that, when a susceptible strain of Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli is exposed to an antibiotic, the intensity of specific biomarkers in its surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra drops evidently in two hours. The discovery has been exploited for rapid AST and MIC determination of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus and wild-type E. coli as well as clinical isolates. The results obtained by this SERS-AST method were consistent with that by the standard incubation-based method, indicating its high potential to supplement or replace existing time-consuming methods and help mitigate the challenge of drug resistance in clinical microbiology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Ying
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Traumatology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.|Graduate Institute of Electrical engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yin-Yi
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Po-Han
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Nan
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.affiliation: Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Huai-Hsien
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Po-Ren
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Hsueh
authors.affiliation: Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.|Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Juen-Kai
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yuh-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015415:Biomarkers; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D015415:Biomarkers