title: Adipose derived pericytes rescue fractures from a failure of healing--non-union.
abstract: Atrophic non-union is attributed to biological failure of the fracture repair process. It occurs in up to 10% of fractures, results in significant morbidity to patients, and treatment often requires complex reconstructive procedures. We tested the ability of human bone derived marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), and human adipose derived pericytes (the native ancestor of the MSC) delivered percutaneously to the fracture gap to prevent the formation of atrophic non-union in a rat model. At eight weeks, 80% of animals in the cell treatment groups showed evidence of bone healing compared to only 14% of those in the control group. Radiographic parameters showed significant improvement over the eight-week period in the cell treatment groups, and histology confirmed bone bridges at the fracture gap in the both treatment groups. The quality of bone produced and its biomechanical properties were significantly enhanced in both treatment groups. The results from this study demonstrate that MSC and pericytes have significant bone regeneration potential in an atrophic non-union model. These cells may have a role in the prevention of atrophic non-union and could enable a paradigm shift in the treatment of fractures at high risk of failing to heal and developing non-union.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Edinburgh, UK.|BHF Centre for Vascular Regeneration, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK.|The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tawonsawatruk
authors.affiliation: BHF Centre for Vascular Regeneration, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK.|The Department of Plastic Surgery, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: West
authors.affiliation: The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Edinburgh, UK.|BHF Centre for Vascular Regeneration, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK.
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Hospital Research Centre, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, California, USA.|Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095. 7Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.|Orthopaedic Hospital Research Centre, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Soo
authors.affiliation: BHF Centre for Vascular Regeneration, Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK.|Orthopaedic Hospital Research Centre, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Péault
authors.affiliation: The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: A H R W
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Simpson
mesh_terms: D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D017102:Fracture Healing; D006801:Humans; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology; D020286:Pericytes / Q000502:physiology / Q000637:transplantation*; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013977:Tibia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*