title: A Comparison of the Progression and Recurrence Risk Index in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Tumors Detected by Narrow-Band Imaging Versus White Light Cystoscopy, Based on the EORTC Scoring System.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, the second most common urologic malignancy, is amenable to early diagnosis. This study presents the potential prognostic benefit for a less invasive modification to the standard endoscopic approach.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the risk index for the progression and recurrence of additional tumors detected with narrow-band imaging (NBI) cystoscopy compared to standard white light imaging (WLI) cystoscopy in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), based on the European organization for research and treatment of cancer (EORTC) scoring system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with NMIBC, who were scheduled for resection between May 2012 and May 2013, were studied and mapped under NBI and WLI cystoscopy by independent surgeons prior to resection. Detection rates and tumor characteristics, including EORTC progression and the recurrence risk index, were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty patients, aged 63.86 ± 10.05 years, were enrolled. The overall detection rate was 98.9% for NBI vs. 89.4% for WLI (P = 0.001), and the false-positive rates were 9.6% and 5.8%, respectively (P = 0.051). Ten tumors were detected by NBI alone, including four grade I tumors, four grade III tumors, and two carcinomas in situ. The tumor progression index was not significantly reduced with NBI compared to WLI (P > 0.05); however, the recurrence index was significantly lower in the NBI group (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NBI cystoscopy improved the detection rate. Although false positives were more common with NBI, this was not statistically significant. NBI found additional aggressive tumors, which underscores the impact of detection in EORTC recurrence risk scoring.
authors.affiliation: Hasheminejad Kidney Center (HKC), Hospital Management Research Center (HMRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Pejman
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shadpour
authors.affiliation: Hasheminejad Kidney Center (HKC), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Emami
authors.affiliation: Hasheminejad Kidney Center (HKC), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Saeid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haghdani
keywords: Bladder Cancer; Cystoscopy; EORTC Score; Narrowband Imaging; Recurrence; Transitional Cell Carcinoma; Urothelial Carcinoma