title: Use of cadA-Specific Primers and DNA Probes as Tools to Select Cadmium Biosorbents with Potential in Remediation Strategies.
abstract: Biosorption, using cadmium-resistant bacterial isolates, is often regarded as a relatively inexpensive and efficient way of cleaning up wastes, sediments, or soils polluted with cadmium. Therefore, many efforts have been devoted to the isolation of cadmium-resistant isolates for the efficient management of cadmium remediation processes. However, isolation, identification and in situ screening of efficient cadmium-resistant isolates are primary challenges. To overcome these challanges, in this study, cadA, cadmium resistance coding gene, specific primers and DNA probes were used to identify and screen cadmium-resistant bacteria in the cadmium-polluted river waters through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fluorescein in situ hybridization (FISH). PCR amplification of the cadA amplicon coupled with 16S rRNA sequencing revealed various gram-positive and -negative bacterial isolates harboring cadA. Accordingly, a cadA-mediated DNA probe was prepared and used for in situ screening of cadmium-resistant isolates from water samples collected from cadmium-polluted river waters. The FISH analyses of cadA probe showed highly specific and efficient hybridization with cadA harboring isolates. The use of primers and DNA probes specific for cadA gene seems to be very helpful tools for the selection and screening of cadmium biosorbents with potential to be used in the remediation of cadmium-polluted sites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey. bicgen@metu.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Icgen
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fadime
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000235:genetics*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000737:chemistry*; D017931:DNA Primers; D015342:DNA Probes; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D015342:DNA Probes; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D002104:Cadmium; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; C059771:cadmium translocating ATPase
keywords: Cadmium biosorbents; cadA; cadA primers; cadA probe