title: A study of ambient fine particles at Tianjin International Airport, China.
abstract: The total count number concentration of particles from 10 to 1000nm, particle size distribution, and PM2.5 (aerodynamic diameter≤2.5μm) mass concentration were measured on a parking apron next to the runway at Tianjin International Airport in China. The data were collected 250, 270, 300, 350, and 400m from the runway. Wind direction and wind speed played important roles in determining the characteristics of the atmospheric particles. An inverted U-shaped relationship was observed between the measured particle number concentration and wind speed, with an average peak concentration of 2.2×10(5)particles/cm(3) at wind speeds of approximately 4-5m/s. The atmospheric particle number concentration was affected mainly by aircraft takeoffs and landings, and the PM2.5 mass concentration was affected mainly by the relative humidity (RH) of the atmosphere. Ultrafine particles (UFPs, diameter<100nm), with the highest number concentration at a particle size of approximately 16nm, dominated the measured particle size distributions. The calculated particle emission index values for aircraft takeoff and landing were nearly the same, with mean values of 7.5×10(15)particles/(kg fuel) and 7.6×10(15)particles/(kg fuel), respectively. The particle emission rate for one aircraft during takeoff is two orders of magnitude higher than for all gasoline-powered passenger vehicles in Tianjin combined. The particle number concentrations remained much higher than the background concentrations even beyond 400m from the runway.
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Jianlin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China. Electronic address: jjliu@tju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Junjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Shengxiong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: Yifang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D059028:Airports; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter; D001335:Vehicle Emissions
keywords: Aircraft emissions; Airport; Fine particles; Number size distribution; On-site measurements; PM(2.5)