title: Health-related physical fitness in patients with multiple myeloma or lymphoma recently treated with autologous stem cell transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to examine health-related physical fitness and its demographic and clinical correlates in patients recently treated with autologous stem cell transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 109 patients (multiple myeloma: n=58, lymphoma: n=51, median age: 55, range: 19-67 years) maximal exercise testing was conducted to assess cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak). Upper and lower extremity muscle strength were assessed with hand grip- and fixed dynamometry and body composition with whole body DXA scans. In addition, we assessed the patients' demographic and clinical characteristics and examined whether they were associated with health-related physical fitness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VO2peakwas 21.7 (5.5) mL/min/kg, 26% below reference values. Muscle strength was also reduced when compared with reference values (upper extremity: 90%, lower extremity: 80%) and 73% of our population was classified as overweight or obese. Being female and being older were significantly associated with a lower cardiorespiratory fitness (gender: β=-2.7, 95%CI=-4.6;-0.7mL/min/kg; age: β=-0.2, 95%CI=-0.3;-0.1mL/min/kg), upper (gender: β=-17.7, 95%CI=-20.1;-15.3kg; age: β=-0.2, 95%CI=-0.3;-0.1kg) and lower (gender: β=-58.3, 95%CI=-73.5;- 43.0Nm; age: β=-1.7, 95%CI=-2.4;-1.1Nm) extremity muscle strength. Patients who were non-smoking (β=-5.3, 95%CI=-8.7;-1.9), women (β=7.2, 95%CI=4.8;9.6) and diagnosed with multiple myeloma (β=4.6, 95%CI=2.2;6.9) had a higher percentage body fat.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The physical fitness deficits in this population indicate the need for targeted interventions.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Netherlands Trial Register - NTR2341.
authors.affiliation: Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Rehabilitation, the Netherlands. Electronic address: s.persoon@amc.uva.nl.
authors.forename: Saskia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Persoon
authors.affiliation: Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Hematology, the Netherlands. Electronic address: m.j.kersten@amc.uva.nl.
authors.forename: Marie José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kersten
authors.affiliation: VU University Medical Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: l.buffart@vumc.nl.
authors.forename: Laurien M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Buffart
authors.affiliation: De Sportartsen Groep, locatie Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: g.vanderslagmolen@amc.uva.nl.
authors.forename: Griet
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vander Slagmolen
authors.affiliation: Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Hematology, the Netherlands. Electronic address: j.baars@nki.nl.
authors.forename: Joke W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Baars
authors.affiliation: VU University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, the Netherlands. Electronic address: o.visser@vumc.nl.
authors.forename: Otto
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Visser
authors.affiliation: Isala, Department of Oncology, Dr. Van Heesweg 2, the Netherlands. Electronic address: j.manenschijn@isala.nl.
authors.forename: Annelies
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manenschijn
authors.affiliation: Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Rehabilitation, the Netherlands. Electronic address: f.nollet@amc.uva.nl.
authors.forename: Frans
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nollet
authors.affiliation: VU University Medical Center, Department of Public and Occupational Health and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, the Netherlands. Electronic address: m.chinapaw@vumc.nl.
authors.forename: Mai J M
authors.initials: MJM
authors.lastname: Chinapaw
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000601:surgery*; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012737:Sex Factors; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous / Q000009:adverse effects
keywords: Body composition; Exercise tolerance; Hematology; Muscle strength