title: Dynamic Mechanical and Nanofibrous Topological Combinatory Cues Designed for Periodontal Ligament Engineering.
abstract: Complete reconstruction of damaged periodontal pockets, particularly regeneration of periodontal ligament (PDL) has been a significant challenge in dentistry. Tissue engineering approach utilizing PDL stem cells and scaffolding matrices offers great opportunity to this, and applying physical and mechanical cues mimicking native tissue conditions are of special importance. Here we approach to regenerate periodontal tissues by engineering PDL cells supported on a nanofibrous scaffold under a mechanical-stressed condition. PDL stem cells isolated from rats were seeded on an electrospun polycaprolactone/gelatin directionally-oriented nanofiber membrane and dynamic mechanical stress was applied to the cell/nanofiber construct, providing nanotopological and mechanical combined cues. Cells recognized the nanofiber orientation, aligning in parallel, and the mechanical stress increased the cell alignment. Importantly, the cells cultured on the oriented nanofiber combined with the mechanical stress produced significantly stimulated PDL specific markers, including periostin and tenascin with simultaneous down-regulation of osteogenesis, demonstrating the roles of topological and mechanical cues in altering phenotypic change in PDL cells. Tissue compatibility of the tissue-engineered constructs was confirmed in rat subcutaneous sites. Furthermore, in vivo regeneration of PDL and alveolar bone tissues was examined under the rat premaxillary periodontal defect models. The cell/nanofiber constructs engineered under mechanical stress showed sound integration into tissue defects and the regenerated bone volume and area were significantly improved. This study provides an effective tissue engineering approach for periodontal regeneration-culturing PDL stem cells with combinatory cues of oriented nanotopology and dynamic mechanical stretch.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.|Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Joong-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.|Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min Sil
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.|Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eltohamy
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.|Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae-Hyun
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.|Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.|Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hae-Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D008297:Male; D057139:Nanofibers; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D023822:Tissue Engineering
chemical_list: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase