title: Augmentation of the hard palate thin masticatory mucosa in the potential connective tissue donor sites using two collagen materials-Clinical and histological comparison.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Due to the similarity of keratinized gingival and palatal mucosa the latter can pose as a potential donor site for gingival recession coverage. However, its availability is restricted and a thin transplant bears the risk of being rejected. The aim of the present study was to compare the clinical and histological results of thin palatal mucosa augmentation, using lyophilized Biokol®xenogenous collagen sponge and a suspension of xenogenous Gel 0®pure collagen with non-augmented tissue from the same patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients simultaneously underwent bilateral augmentation procedures using Biokol®and Gel 0®collagen material. The donor sites were augmented 8 weeks prior to the harvesting of the connective tissue graft (CTG) for the gingival recession coverage procedures. Prior to the implantation of the collagen material and during the course of harvesting the augmented CTG, tissue specimens were taken for histological examination. Prior to the commencement of the study and after it, the parameters of palatal gingival thickness at 4mm (PGT1), and at 8mm apical to the gingival margin (PGT2) around the teeth neighboring the operating fields were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both groups the palatal mucosa had thickened significantly in both measuring sites. An intergroup comparison revealed greater thickening of the masticatory mucosa in the Biokol®group at both measuring points. The histological image of the grafts, obtained from sites augmented using both test methods, revealed a typical pattern of mature fibrous connective tissue. No epithelial cells were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Augmentation of thin masticatory mucosa using Biokol®or Gel 0®collagen materials resulted in a significant thickening of the mucosa, which could be demonstrated to be greater in the first group.
authors.affiliation: Specialistic Outpatient Medical Clinic MEDIDENT, Okulickiego 19 Street, Pl-38-300 Gorlice, Poland.
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bednarz
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Wrocław, Chałubińskiego 6A Street, Pl-50-368 Wrocław, Poland; Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University School of Physical Education, Paderewskiego 35 Street, Pl-51-612 Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kobierzycki
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Wrocław, Chałubińskiego 6A Street, Pl-50-368 Wrocław, Poland; Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University School of Physical Education, Paderewskiego 35 Street, Pl-51-612 Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dzięgiel
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Carl Gustav Carus Campus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, D-01309 Dresden, Germany. Electronic address: ute.botzenhart@uniklinikum-dresden.de.
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Botzenhart
authors.affiliation: Dental Surgery Department, Medical University of Wrocław, Krakowska 26 Street, Pl-50-425 Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gedrange
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Medical University of Wrocław, Krakowska 26 Street, Pl-50-425 Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ziętek
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000328:Adult; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D003094:Collagen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D021362:Palate, Hard / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen
keywords: Augmentation; Connective tissue; Grafts; Thickness of hard palate masticatory mucosa