title: Presence of Antiphospholipid Antibodies as a Risk Factor for Thrombotic Events in Patients with Connective Tissue Diseases and Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a well-known complication of habitual abortion and/or thrombosis and is frequently associated with autoimmune diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively investigated the relationships between the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) and the incidence of thrombotic events (THEs) in 147 patients with various connective tissue diseases (CTD) suspected of having APS and 86 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). THEs were observed in 41 patients, including 14 cases of venous thrombosis, 21 cases of arterial thrombosis and eight cases of complications of pregnancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of THE was significantly high in the systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients compared with the other CTD patients and ITP patients. The frequency of lupus anticoagulant (LA), anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL)-β2-glycoprotein (GPI) complex IgG and aPL was significantly high in the SLE patients compared with the ITP patients. Subsequently, the rate of development of THE was significantly high in the patients with aPLs. In particular, the incidence of THE was significantly high in the SLE or ITP patients with LA, aCL-β2GPI IgG or aPL. The optimal cut-off values for LA, aCL IgG and aCL-β2GPI complex IgG for the risk of THEs were higher in the SLE patients in comparison to the values obtained when using the kit provided by the manufacturer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although aPLs is frequently associated with SLE and is a causative factor for thrombosis, the optimal cut-off value for aPL for predicting the occurrence of THEs varies among different underlying diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Habe
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Kohshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohishi
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikejiri
authors.forename: Kimiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: Tatsuhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morioka
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamimoto
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Katayama
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mizutani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011250:Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015995:Prevalence; D016553:Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; D015415:Biomarkers; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I