title: Apolipoproteins as Differentiating and Predictive Markers for Assessing Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study aimed to investigate the value of apolipoproteins, including ApoA-1, ApoC-III, and ApoE, in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) as potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and cancer progression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lung samples were collected from 89 patients with SCLC. Nineteen lung samples from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and 12 normal lung tissues were used as controls. Expression profiles of ApoA-1, ApoC-III, and ApoE in different samples were examined using immunohistochemical methods, and the expression levels were correlated with cancer types, treatment, and outcomes using chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression of ApoA-1 and ApoC-III in SCLC was significantly different, compared with that in NSCLC and normal lung tissues, and was correlated with recurrence of SCLC. Patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery showed significantly reduced expression of ApoA-1 and increased expression of ApoC-III and ApoE. Nevertheless, the expression levels of ApoA-1, ApoC-III, and ApoE were not correlated with SCLC staging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ApoA-1 and ApoC-III may be used as differentiating and predictive markers for SCLC. ApoA-1, ApoC-III, and ApoE may be used to monitor the efficacy of chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. jianshihebei@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Huichai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Lulu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Junjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000235:genetics*; D053305:Apolipoprotein C-III / Q000235:genetics*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics*; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D053305:Apolipoprotein C-III; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D015415:Biomarkers; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: Small cell lung cancer; apolipoprotein; biomarker; prognosis