title: Does the Bovine Pre-Ovulatory Follicle Harbor Progenitor Stem Cells?
abstract: Recent studies have revealed the presence of a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) population in human and in gilt granulosa cells (GCs), thus increasing the interest in identifying the same population in the bovine species. We first isolated GCs by scraping from bovine preovulatory follicles and then tested several different media to define the ideal conditions to select granulosa-derived stem cells. Although expressing MSC-associated markers, none of the media tested proven to be efficient in selecting MSC-like cells that were able to differentiate into mesodermic or ectodermic lineages. We performed another experimental approach exposing cells to a chemical stress, such as lowering of pH, as a system to select a more plastic population. Following the treatment, granulosa-specific granulose markers [follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), follistatin (FST), and leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR)] were lost in bovine GCs, whereas an increase in multi- (CD29, CD44, CD73) and pluripotent (Oct-4 and c-Myc) genes was noticed. The stress allowed up-regulation of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β expression and the dedifferentiation of GCs, which was demonstrated by differentiation studies. Indeed, pH-treated cells were able to differentiate into the mesodermic and ectodermic lineages, thus suggesting that the chemical stress allows for the selection of cells that are more prone to adjust and respond to the environmental changes.
authors.affiliation: 1 Large Animal Hospital, Reproduction Unit, Università degli Studi di Milano , Lodi, Italy .
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lange-Consiglio
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona, Italy .
authors.forename: Alessio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Romaldini
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona, Italy .
authors.forename: Alessio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Correani
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona, Italy .
authors.forename: Bruna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Corradetti
authors.affiliation: 1 Large Animal Hospital, Reproduction Unit, Università degli Studi di Milano , Lodi, Italy .
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Esposti
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona, Italy .
authors.forename: Maria Francesca
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Cannatà
authors.affiliation: 1 Large Animal Hospital, Reproduction Unit, Università degli Studi di Milano , Lodi, Italy .
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Perrini
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona, Italy .
authors.forename: Maria Giovanna
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Marini
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona, Italy .
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bizzaro
authors.affiliation: 1 Large Animal Hospital, Reproduction Unit, Università degli Studi di Milano , Lodi, Italy .|3 Department of Veterinary Science for Animal Health, Production and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan, Italy .
authors.forename: Fausto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cremonesi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation