title: How botulinum toxin in neurogenic detrusor overactivity can reduce upper urinary tract damage?
abstract: Intradetrusor injections of botulinum toxin are the cornerstone of medical treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity. The primary aim of this treatment is to ensure a low pressure regimen in the urinary bladder, but the mechanisms leading to long-term protection of the urinary tract remain poorly understood. In this paper, we highlight the potential benefits of intradetrusor injections of botulinum toxin regarding local effects on the bladder structures, urinary tract infections, stone disease, vesico ureteral reflux, hydronephrosis, renal function based on a comprehensive literature review.
authors.affiliation: Maximilien Baron, Philippe Grise, Jean-Nicolas Cornu, Department of Urology, Rouen University Hospital, 76031 Rouen Cedex 1, France.
authors.forename: Maximilien
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baron
authors.affiliation: Maximilien Baron, Philippe Grise, Jean-Nicolas Cornu, Department of Urology, Rouen University Hospital, 76031 Rouen Cedex 1, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grise
authors.affiliation: Maximilien Baron, Philippe Grise, Jean-Nicolas Cornu, Department of Urology, Rouen University Hospital, 76031 Rouen Cedex 1, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Nicolas
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Cornu
keywords: Botulinum toxin; Hydronephrosis; Kidney function; Neurogenic detrusor overactivity; Urinary tract infection; Urolithiasis