title: Roles of EDNs in regulating oviductal NO synthesis and smooth muscle motility in cows.
abstract: Endothelins (EDNs) participate in various physiological events including smooth muscle contraction, nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, and embryonic development. In this study, we investigated the regional roles of EDNs produced by bovine oviductal epithelial cells in NO synthesis and smooth muscle motility. Quantification of mRNA expressions indicated that expression of EDN receptor B (EDNRB) in the ampullary region was higher after ovulation than before ovulation, whereas expression of EDNRA in the isthmic region was higher after ovulation than before ovulation. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the EDN receptors (EDNRA and EDNRB) were expressed in the epithelium, whereas smooth muscle showed positive staining only for EDNRA. The expressionsPlease suggest whether 'NOS2' can be treated as the updated symbol for 'iNOS' as per gene nomenclature. of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) protein and its mRNA (NOS2) in cultured epithelial cells isolated from the ampulla were stimulated by EDN1, but not by EDN2 or EDN3, after 1h of incubation. In isthmic epithelial cells, none of the EDNs affected the expression of NOS2 Isometric contraction tests indicated that spontaneous waves were strong in the isthmic region but weak in the ampullary region. EDN1 modulated smooth muscle motility in both the regions. The overall findings suggest that EDN1 plays region-specific roles in smooth muscle motility and epithelial NO synthesis, providing an optimal oviductal microenvironment for transport of gametes, fertilization, and development/transport of early embryo.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Reproductive PhysiologyGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Reproductive PhysiologyGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshimoto
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Reproductive PhysiologyGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Reproductive PhysiologyGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Reproductive PhysiologyGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineHokkaido, Japan kokuda@okayama-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okuda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D016232:Endothelins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D016232:Endothelins; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase