title: The expression and prognostic relevance of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in tongue squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: Conclusion IDO might be useful for predicting progression of primary tumor stage T2 and T3 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), but does not seem like a specific biomarker for diagnosing TSCC and predicting patient survival. Objectives Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is expressed in many cells and it catabolises the essential amino acid tryptophan to kynurenine. IDO acts as an immune modulator through suppression of T-cell immunity and other pathways. In cancer cells, IDO has been proposed to promote tumor progression by enabling malignant cells to escape from the immune system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association and prognostic relevance of IDO expression in TSCC. Method One hundred and eight retrospective tongue and lymph node specimens were stained immunohistochemically with monoclonal antibody anti-indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. The relative abundance of IDO positive epithelial cells, IDO staining intensity, and inflammation were assessed semi-quantitatively with light microscopy. Results IDO was expressed stronger in tongue hyperplasia than in TSCC. However, IDO expression associated with poor survival in the sub-groups with primary tumor stage T2-T4 and in the sub-group with strong inflammation in tumors' invasive front.
authors.affiliation: a Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland ;
authors.forename: Miia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seppälä
authors.affiliation: b Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Tampere University Hospital, Tampere , Finland ;
authors.forename: Elina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Halme
authors.affiliation: c Department of Pathology , University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland ;
authors.forename: Lauri
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tiilikainen
authors.affiliation: a Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland ;
authors.forename: Annika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luukkainen
authors.affiliation: b Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Tampere University Hospital, Tampere , Finland ;
authors.forename: Jussi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Laranne
authors.affiliation: b Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Tampere University Hospital, Tampere , Finland ;
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rautiainen
authors.affiliation: d School of Health Sciences, University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland ;
authors.forename: Heini
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huhtala
authors.affiliation: c Department of Pathology , University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland ;|e Fimlab Laboratories Ltd , Tampere , Finland ;
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Paavonen
authors.affiliation: a Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland ;|f Department of Allergy , University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland.
authors.forename: Sanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toppila-Salmi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000201:enzymology; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014059:Tongue / Q000473:pathology; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C576710:IDO1 protein, human; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase
keywords: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; immunohistochmistry; inflammation; survival; tongue squamous cell carcinoma