title: Benzoylsalicylic acid isolated from seed coats of Givotia rottleriformis induces systemic acquired resistance in tobacco and Arabidopsis.
abstract: Systemic acquired resistance (SAR), a whole plant defense response to a broad spectrum of pathogens, is characterized by a coordinated expression of a large number of defense genes. Plants synthesize a variety of secondary metabolites to protect themselves from the invading microbial pathogens. Several studies have shown that salicylic acid (SA) is a key endogenous component of local and systemic disease resistance in plants. Although SA is a critical signal for SAR, accumulation of endogenous SA levels alone is insufficient to establish SAR. Here, we have identified a new acyl derivative of SA, the benzoylsalicylic acid (BzSA) also known as 2-(benzoyloxy) benzoic acid from the seed coats of Givotia rottleriformis and investigated its role in inducing SAR in tobacco and Arabidopsis. Interestingly, exogenous BzSA treatment induced the expression of NPR1 (Non-expressor of pathogenesis-related gene-1) and pathogenesis related (PR) genes. BzSA enhanced the expression of hypersensitivity related (HSR), mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and WRKY genes in tobacco. Moreover, Arabidopsis NahG plants that were treated with BzSA showed enhanced resistance to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) as evidenced by reduced leaf necrosis and TMV-coat protein levels in systemic leaves. We, therefore, conclude that BzSA, hitherto unknown natural plant product, is a new SAR inducer in plants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India; Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamatham
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: Kishore Babu
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Neela
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: Anil Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Pasupulati
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: Reddanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pallu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: Surya Satyanarayana
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India. Electronic address: gudipallipadmaja@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Padmaja
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gudipalli
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000737:chemistry*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D012459:Salicylates; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000737:chemistry*; D014027:Tobacco Mosaic Virus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D012459:Salicylates; C000610797:benzoylsalicylic acid; D020156:Salicylic Acid
keywords: Acetylsalicylic acid; Benzoylsalicylic acid; Givotia rottleriformis (Euphorbiaceae); Hypersensitive response; Non-expressor of pathogenesis-related gene-1; Pathogenesis-related genes; Salicyclic acid; Systemic acquired resistance