title: Risk Factors for Driving After and During Marijuana Use.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Use of marijuana before or while driving significantly contributes to driving impairment and elevated risk of motor vehicle accidents; however, this risk behavior is common among users. Little is known about the etiology of driving while under the influence of marijuana.
  
  
  METHODS
  Guided by social learning theory, this study examined marijuana outcome expectancies and other driving-related cognitions as predictors of the frequency of driving after smoking marijuana (DASM) and smoking marijuana while driving (SMWD). A community sample of 151 (64% male) non-treatment-seeking frequent marijuana users completed questionnaires on variables of interest.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Perceived driving-related peer norms (i.e., perception that fewer friends disapprove of DASM and SMWD and of riding with a driver under the influence of marijuana) were associated with lower frequency of both DASM and SMWD. Perceived dangerousness of DASM was also associated with decreased frequency of DASM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest a range of potentially important targets for interventions intended to reduce the likelihood and frequency of driving while under the influence of marijuana.
authors.affiliation: Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: Elizabeth R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Aston
authors.affiliation: Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Merrill
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.
authors.forename: Denis M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.affiliation: Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island.|Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island.
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Metrik
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000523:psychology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology*; D003617:Dangerous Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008385:Marijuana Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult