title: Indocyanine green kinetics to assess liver function: Ready for a clinical dynamic assessment in major liver surgery?
abstract: Indocyanine green (ICG) kinetics (PDR/R15) used to quantitatively assess hepatic function in the perioperative period of major resective surgery and liver transplantation have been the object of an extensive, updated and critical review. New, non invasive bedside monitors (pulse dye densitometry technology) make this opportunity widely available in clinical practice. After having reviewed basic concepts of hepatic clearance, we analysed the most common indications ICG kinetic parameters have nowadays in clinical practice, focusing in particular on the diagnostic and prognostic role of PDR and R15 in the perioperative period of major liver surgery and liver transplantation. As recently pointed out, even if of extreme interest, ICG clearance parameters have still some limitations, to be considered when using these tests.
authors.affiliation: Andrea De Gasperi, Ernestina Mazza, Manlio Prosperi, 2° Servizio Anestesia e Rianimazione, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, 20162 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Gasperi
authors.affiliation: Andrea De Gasperi, Ernestina Mazza, Manlio Prosperi, 2° Servizio Anestesia e Rianimazione, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, 20162 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Ernestina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mazza
authors.affiliation: Andrea De Gasperi, Ernestina Mazza, Manlio Prosperi, 2° Servizio Anestesia e Rianimazione, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, 20162 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Manlio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prosperi
keywords: Hepatic clearance; Indocyanine green; Intraabdominal hypertension; Liver function tests; Liver surgery; Liver transplantation; Portal hypertension