title: Effects of hope promoting interventions based on religious beliefs on quality of life of patients with congestive heart failure and their families.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Heart failure is one of the most important and prevalent diseases that may have negative effects on the quality of life (QOL). Today, the promotion of QOL in patients with heart failure is important in nursing care programs. This research aimed to determine the efficacy of hope-promoting interventions based on religious beliefs on the QOL of patients with congestive heart failure (CHF).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this randomized clinical trial (IRCT2014100619413N1) conducted in Isfahan, Iran, 46 adult patients with CHF were selected and randomly assigned to study and control groups. Ferrans and Powers Quality of Life Index (QLI) was completed by both groups before, immediately after, and 1 month after the intervention. For the study group participants and their families, 60-min sessions of hope-promoting interventions based on religious beliefs were held twice a week for 3 weeks. Independent t, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and Fisher's exact tests were adopted for data analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (standard deviation) overall QOL score in the area of satisfaction significantly increased in the study group, compared to the controls, immediately [70.7 (8.5) vs. 59.2 (12.5)] and 1 month after the intervention [75.2 (7.4) vs. 59.4 (12.9)] (P < 0.05). There was also a similar difference between the two groups in the area of importance immediately [73.6 (5.8) vs. 65.7 (7.5)] and 1 month after the intervention [76.3 (8.1) vs. 66.8 (8.5)] (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hope-promoting intervention based on religious beliefs is a useful method for improving QOL in patients with CHF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Adult Health, Student of Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Niloufar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Binaei
authors.affiliation: Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moeini
authors.affiliation: Associated Professor of Cardiology, Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Masoumeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sadeghi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Najafi
authors.affiliation: PHD Student of Quran and Hadith, Isfahan university, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mohagheghian
keywords: Congestive heart failure; Iran; hope promoting; quality of life; religious beliefs