title: The immediate effect of lumbopelvic manipulation on EMG of vasti and gluteus medius in athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome: A randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the immediate effect of lubmopelvic manipulation on EMG activity of vastus medialis, vastus lateralis and gluteus medius as well as pain and functional performance of athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized placebo-controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty eight athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome were randomly assigned to two groups. One group received a lubmopelvic manipulation at the side of the involved knee while the other group received a sham manipulation. EMG activity of the vasti and gluteus medius were recorded before and after manipulation while performing a rocking on heel task. The functional abilities were evaluated using two tests: step-down and single-leg hop. Additionally, the pain intensity during the functional tests was assessed using a visual analog scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The onset and amplitude of EMG activity from vastus medialis and gluteus medius were, respectively, earlier and higher in the manipulation group compared to the sham group. There were no significant differences, however, between two groups in EMG onset of vastus lateralis. While the scores of one-leg hop test were similar for both groups, significant improvement was observed in step-down test and pain intensity in the manipulation group compared to the sham group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lubmopelvic manipulation might improve patellofemoral pain and functional level in athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome. These effects could be due to the changes observed in EMG activity of gluteus medius and vasti muscles. Therefore, the lubmopelvic manipulation might be considered in the rehabilitation protocol of the athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Motealleh
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Elham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gheysari
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Esmaeil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shokri
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Electronic address: sobhan132@gamil.com.
authors.forename: Sobhan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sobhani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D056352:Athletes; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008161:Lumbosacral Region / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D026201:Musculoskeletal Manipulations; D046788:Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D052097:Quadriceps Muscle / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Anterior knee pain; Chondromalacia; Electromyography; Manual therapy