title: Gender Roles and the Expression of Driving Anger Among Ukrainian Drivers.
abstract: The current study investigated the validity of the revised (25-item) version of the driving anger expression inventory (DAX) on a novel sample of 385 drivers from Ukraine. The roles of sex and gender in relation to self-reported aggressive tendencies were also examined. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the four-factor structure of the DAX (adaptive/constructive expression; use of the vehicle to express anger; verbal aggressive expression; and personal physical aggressive expression), and the three aggressive factors were found to have positive relationships with trait anger and driving anger, while adaptive/constructive expression was negatively related to trait and driving anger. Drivers who reported recent near-misses or loss of concentration scored higher on verbal aggressive expression. Those who had recently received a traffic ticket also reported higher levels of all three types of aggressive anger expression. Further, the presence of feminine traits, but not sex, predicted more adaptive/constructive behaviors and lower scores for verbal aggressive expression, personal physical aggressive expression, and total aggressive expression. However, masculine traits did not predict any of these factors. This research concludes that the revised DAX is a valid tool to measure the expression of driving anger and that the endorsement of feminine traits is related to less aggressive expression of driving anger.
authors.affiliation: Driving Research Group, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, UK.
authors.forename: M J M
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Sullman
authors.affiliation: Accident Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Stephens
authors.affiliation: National Aviation University, Kiev, Ukraine.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hill
keywords: Aggressive driving; Ukraine; anger; anger expression; driving anger; gender roles