title: Application of plant carbon source for denitrification by constructed wetland and bioreactor: review of recent development.
abstract: Water quality standard for nitrate becomes more and more strict, and the plant carbon source is widely used for denitrification by constructed wetland (CW) and bioreactor. However, the nitrate removal efficiency by different types of plant carbon source are not evaluated comprehensively. Denitrification performance of different plant carbon sources, and the influence of dosing method and pretreatment are thoroughly reviewed in this paper, which aims to investigate the accurate utilization of plant carbon source for nitrogen (as nitrate) removal. It is concluded that plant carbon source addition for all types of CWs and bioreactors can improve the nitrate removal efficiency to some extent, and the dosing method of plant carbon source for denitrification should be further studied and optimized in the future. The popular carbon sources for CW and bioreactor denitrification enhancement are woodchip, chopped macrophytes, crop plants, macrophytes litters, etc. The recommended optimum C:N ratios for CW and bioreactor are 4.0:5.0 and 1.8:3.0, respectively. The physical and biological pretreatments are selected to supply organic carbon for long-term denitrification.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Of Environmental Criteria And Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 8 Da Yang Fang, Anwai, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China.|Research Center for Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 8 Da Yang Fang, Anwai, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qianyu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Hang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Of Environmental Criteria And Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 8 Da Yang Fang, Anwai, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China. wanghy@craes.org.cn.|Research Center for Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 8 Da Yang Fang, Anwai, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China. wanghy@craes.org.cn.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1100-8927
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Of Environmental Criteria And Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 8 Da Yang Fang, Anwai, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China.|Research Center of Lake Eco-Environments, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 8 Da Yang Fang, Anwai, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhaosheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Of Environmental Criteria And Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 8 Da Yang Fang, Anwai, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China.|Research Center of Lake Eco-Environments, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 8 Da Yang Fang, Anwai, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bibi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Of Environmental Criteria And Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 8 Da Yang Fang, Anwai, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China.|Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chunmei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory Of Environmental Criteria And Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 8 Da Yang Fang, Anwai, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China.|Research Center of Lake Eco-Environments, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, No. 8 Da Yang Fang, Anwai, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zeying
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hou
mesh_terms: D019149:Bioreactors; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism*; D058440:Denitrification; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D053833:Wetlands
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002244:Carbon; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Bioreactor; Constructed wetland; Denitrification; Nitrate removal; Plant carbon source