title: Cooling and freezing of sperm from captive, free-living and endangered squirrel monkey species.
abstract: Germoplasm banking is an important tool for the preservation of genetic material from Neotropical primates in captivity, and from free living species, especially the endangered ones like Saimiri vanzolinii (Black-headed squirrel monkey), a primate with a low incidence area (870 km(2) of floodplains) in the southern part of the Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve, Brazil. Therefore, in the present study we aimed to develop a sperm cryopreservation protocol comparing sperm cooling in presence (T1) and absence (T2) of egg yolk, and to test freezing protocols to preserve semen from captive (Saimiri collinsi), and free-living (Saimiri vanzolinii, Saimiri cassiquiarensis and Saimiri macrodon) New World primates. Cooling preserved sperm of S. collinsi in all evaluated microscopic parameters, except for sperm motility. No differences were observed among the treatments, indicating that semen of this species can be cooled without egg yolk. Freezing did not affect sperm quality of S. collinsi, except plasma membrane integrity that was negatively affected. Generally, a good maintenance rate was observed between cooling and thawing of semen for the four species, showing the positive translational application of protocols from S. collinsi to the free-living species. Developed freezing protocol proved to be useful for sperm cryopreservation of S. collinsi and in field conditions.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Wild Animal Biology and Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, PA, CEP 68740-970, Brazil; National Primate Center, Ananindeua, PA, CEP 66645-000, Brazil. Electronic address: karolgoliveira83@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Karol G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Wild Animal Biology and Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, PA, CEP 68740-970, Brazil. Electronic address: regianerdossantos@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Regiane R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Wild Animal Biology and Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, PA, CEP 68740-970, Brazil. Electronic address: danleao.88@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Danuza L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Leão
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Wild Animal Biology and Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, PA, CEP 68740-970, Brazil. Electronic address: adrielbehn@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Adriel B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Brito
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Wild Animal Biology and Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, PA, CEP 68740-970, Brazil. Electronic address: juliannesilvabio@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Julianne S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Wild Animal Biology and Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, PA, CEP 68740-970, Brazil. Electronic address: wlaisa.sampaio@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Wlaísa V
authors.initials: WV
authors.lastname: Sampaio
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Wild Animal Biology and Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, PA, CEP 68740-970, Brazil. Electronic address: shfarha@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sheyla F S
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Domingues
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D004530:Egg Yolk; D056727:Endangered Species; D005615:Freezing; D008297:Male; D012453:Saimiri; D012661:Semen; D012662:Semen Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013094:Spermatozoa
keywords: ACP118™; Coconut water; Glycerol; Neotropical primate; Saimiri sp; Semen; Sperm cryopreservation