title: Testing a Longitudinal Integrated Self-Efficacy and Self-Determination Theory Model for Physical Activity Post-Cardiac Rehabilitation.
abstract: Self-determination theory and self-efficacy theory are prominent theories in the physical activity literature, and studies have begun integrating their concepts. Sweet, Fortier, Strachan and Blanchard (2012) have integrated these two theories in a cross-sectional study. Therefore, this study sought to test a longitudinal integrated model to predict physical activity at the end of a 4-month cardiac rehabilitation program based on theory, research and Sweet et al.'s cross-sectional model. Participants from two cardiac rehabilitation programs (N=109) answered validated self-report questionnaires at baseline, two and four months. Data were analyzed using Amos to assess the path analysis and model fit. Prior to integration, perceived competence and self-efficacy were combined, and labeled as confidence. After controlling for 2-month physical activity and cardiac rehabilitation site, no motivational variables significantly predicted residual change in 4-month physical activity. Although confidence at two months did not predict residual change in 4-month physical activity, it had a strong positive relationship with 2-month physical activity (β=0.30, P<0.001). The overall model retained good fit indices. In conclusion, results diverged from theoretical predictions of physical activity, but self-determination and self-efficacy theory were still partially supported. Because the model had good fit, this study demonstrated that theoretical integration is feasible.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Ottawa , Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Shane N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Sweet
authors.affiliation: School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa , Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Michelle S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Fortier
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
authors.forename: Shaelyn M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Strachan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University , Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
authors.forename: Chris M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Blanchard
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, University of Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boulay
keywords: cardiac rehabilitation; exercise; theory integration