title: Relationships among maxillofacial morphologies, bone properties, and bone metabolic markers in patients with jaw deformities.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the relationships among bone properties, bone metabolic markers, and types of jaw deformity. The subjects were 55 female patients with jaw deformities. Skeletal morphology was examined using lateral cephalograms, and the patients were divided into three groups according to the type of anteroposterior skeletal pattern. Serum osteocalcin, bone alkaline phosphatase, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b, as well as deoxypyridinoline in urine, were measured as bone metabolic markers. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) measurements were used to assess bone properties at the calcaneal bone. The bone volume and bone density of the condylar process were measured in 43 patients by computed tomography. There were no significant differences in bone metabolic markers and QUS parameters between the groups, although bone formation and resorption markers tended to be higher in patients with a protrusive mandible. On the other hand, patients with mandibular retrusion had a higher tendency to have small and dense condylar processes. In conclusion, the results suggest that growth depression or a degenerative change in the mandibular condyle is involved in the pathogenesis of mandibular retrusion, although risk factors for progressive condylar resorption were not determined.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan. Electronic address: dai-saito@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mikami
authors.affiliation: Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.affiliation: Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hasebe
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000652:urine; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D015519:Bone Density; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007569:Jaw Abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D015415:Biomarkers; D015675:Osteocalcin; C036020:deoxypyridinoline; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
keywords: bone metabolic marker; bone property; jaw deformity