title: A Novel Approach to Understanding Pathogenesis and Treatment of Capillary Dropout in Retinal Vascular Diseases.
abstract: Capillary dropout is a common sequela of endothelial cell dysfunction that underlies the pathology of multiple retinal vascular diseases, including familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR). Wide-field fluorescein angiography allowed for identification of areas of capillary inflammatory changes and late-phase angiographic posterior and peripheral vascular leakage (LAPPEL). We propose LAPPEL as a precursor in pathogenesis of capillary dropout and a marker of endothelial cell inflammation in the retina. The authors describe a case of FEVR with significant macular edema associated with LAPPEL, which was successfully treated with topical and intravitreal steroids. The implication for disease mechanism and potential future treatment applications are also discussed.
authors.forename: Aristomenis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thanos
authors.forename: Bozho
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Todorich
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Trese
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001813:Blood-Retinal Barrier; D002196:Capillaries; D002199:Capillary Permeability; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000473:pathology*; D015785:Eye Diseases, Hereditary; D000080345:Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathies; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; C009935:prednisolone acetate; D011239:Prednisolone; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide