title: Adverse Events in Children Receiving General Anaesthesia with Laryngeal Mask Airway Insertion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Perioperative adverse events are more common in children compared to adult population. Reporting an adverse event proves effective in identifying problems and helps in prevention and early management. Our objective was to identify the types, incidence, and the time of occurrence of perioperative adverse event. We also aimed to find out whether the occurrence of the types of adverse events differ in children below and above five years.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective study in 242, ASA Physical Status I and II children aged day one to 14 years, receiving general anesthesia with laryngeal mask airway for various elective surgeries. Adverse events observed in the perioperative period were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adverse events related to respiratory system (n=26, 55%) were the most common followed by cardiovascular system (n= 14, 30%). Adverse events were observed in 24(10%) children in the operating room and in 20 (8%) children in the post anaesthesia care unit. In the operating room, majority (14 of 27, 52%) of the events occurred immediately after removal of laryngeal mask airway. Respiratory events were more common in children below five years (p=0.007), whereas cardiac events were more common in children above five years (p=0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The commonest adverse event in children is related to respiratory system. Adverse events occur more frequently in the operating room, mostly immediately after removal of laryngeal mask airway. Respiratory events are more frequent in children below five years whereas cardiac events are more frequent in children above five years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, BPKIHS, Dharan, Nepal.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khatiwada
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, BPKIHS, Dharan, Nepal.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bhattarai
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, BPKIHS, Dharan, Nepal.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pokharel
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, BPKIHS, Dharan, Nepal.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Subedi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D001986:Bronchial Spasm / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017214:Laryngeal Masks; D007826:Laryngismus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D009390:Nepal / Q000453:epidemiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies
keywords: adverse events; children; laryngeal mask airway; laryngospasm; perioperative.