title: A night float week in a surgical clerkship improves student team cohesion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We hypothesize that night float rotations in the third-year surgical clerkship improve student learning and perceptions of team cohesion.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 1-week night float (NF) system was implemented during the 2013 to 2014 academic year for students. Each student completed 1 week of NF with the Trauma/Emergency General Surgery service. The Perceived Cohesion Scale survey was prospectively administered and National Board of Medical Examiners academic performance retrospectively reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We surveyed 70 medical students, 37 traditional call and 33 NF students, with 91% response rate. Perception of team cohesion increased significantly, without perceived loss of educational benefit. Examination scores increased significantly comparing pre- and postintervention groups, with this trend continuing in the following academic year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A week-long student NF experience significantly improved perception of team cohesion and standardized examination results. A dedicated period of NF during the surgical clerkship may improve its overall educational value.
authors.affiliation: Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code: L611, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Electronic address: connelch@ohsu.edu.
authors.forename: Christopher R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Connelly
authors.affiliation: Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code: L611, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
authors.forename: Phillip M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Kemp Bohan
authors.affiliation: Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code: L611, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
authors.forename: Mackenzie R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.affiliation: Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code: L611, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
authors.forename: Alexis M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Moren
authors.affiliation: Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code: L611, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
authors.forename: Martin A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Schreiber
authors.affiliation: Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code: L611, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
authors.forename: Laszlo N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Kiraly
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002982:Clinical Clerkship / Q000458:organization & administration*; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate / Q000458:organization & administration; D005260:Female; D013502:General Surgery / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D009551:Night Care / Q000523:psychology*; D010348:Patient Care Team; D010561:Personnel Staffing and Scheduling; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Medical education; Night float; Resident duty hours; Surgical clerkship; Team cohesion