title: Substance Abuse Prevention.
abstract: Substance use disorders account for approximately 6% of deaths worldwide and cost about $700 billion in the United States. Approximately 80% of drug users begin using during adolescence, underscoring the public health importance of effective substance prevention programs for youth and families. Prevention science designates 3 intervention categories: (1) universal prevention, targeting all individuals in the population, (2) selective interventions, targeting high-risk groups, and (3) indicated prevention interventions for youth with risk-taking behaviors. School-based and non-school-based interventions are reviewed, as well as the limitations of existing research, gaps in access and availability, and directions for future research and development.
authors.affiliation: University of Colorado School of Medicine, 13001 East 17th Place, Campus Box F546, Building 500, Room E2322, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Denver Health Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, 777 Bannock Street, Mail Stop- 0490, Denver, CO 80204, USA. Electronic address: sean.lenoue@ucdenver.edu.
authors.forename: Sean R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: LeNoue
authors.affiliation: Division of Substance Dependence, Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Building 400, Mail Stop F478, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
authors.forename: Paula D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Riggs
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D061345:Early Medical Intervention / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D012572:School Health Services; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control*
keywords: Early intervention; Prevention; Risk factors; School-based programs; Substance abuse; Substance use disorders