title: Tumour Cell Heterogeneity.
abstract: The population of cells that make up a cancer are manifestly heterogeneous at the genetic, epigenetic, and phenotypic levels. In this mini-review, we summarise the extent of intra-tumour heterogeneity (ITH) across human malignancies, review the mechanisms that are responsible for generating and maintaining ITH, and discuss the ramifications and opportunities that ITH presents for cancer prognostication and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Evolution and Cancer Laboratory, Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gay
authors.affiliation: Evolution and Cancer Laboratory, Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
authors.forename: Ann-Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.affiliation: Evolution and Cancer Laboratory, Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
authors.forename: Trevor A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Graham
keywords: Cancer evolution; evolutionary biomarkers; intra-tumour heterogeneity; personalised medicine