title: Observation of Skin-to-Skin Contact and Analysis of Factors Linked to Failure to Breastfeed Within 2 Hours After Birth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Successful breastfeeding at birth seems to be associated with skin-to-skin contact between mother and newborn and newborn suckling, both within the first 2 hours of life. In practice, knowledge about the number and cause of interruptions of this contact has to be increased.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To measure the actual time of skin-to-skin contact in the first 2 hours after birth, study the events that occur during this period, and search for factors linked to failure to breastfeed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty women wishing to breastfeed gave their consent for us to observe and analyze the first 2 hours of the baby's life during skin-to-skin contact.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean total duration of skin-to-skin contact for the 30 newborns during the first 2 hours was 90.4 ± 25.0 minutes; 17 (56.7%) were interrupted at least twice during this time, mainly for neonatal care. The first interruption took place before the first breastfeed in 60% of cases. Mean time before the first breastfeed was 44.6 ± 21.1 minutes. Seven infants did not breastfeed in the first 2 hours (23.3%). The factors linked to this failure were nulliparity, lower umbilical arterial pH at birth, and early interruptions in skin-to-skin contact. Among them, only early interruptions of skin-to-skin contact appear to be modifiable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the first 2 hours of life, early interruptions of skin-to-skin contact should be discouraged as they reduce the chances of early breastfeed.
authors.affiliation: 1 Pôle Femme Mère Nouveau-né, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Université Lille , Lille, France .
authors.forename: Perrine
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Robiquet
authors.affiliation: 1 Pôle Femme Mère Nouveau-né, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Université Lille , Lille, France .
authors.forename: Pierre-Emmanuel
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Zamiara
authors.affiliation: 1 Pôle Femme Mère Nouveau-né, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Université Lille , Lille, France .
authors.forename: Thameur
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rakza
authors.affiliation: 1 Pôle Femme Mère Nouveau-né, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Université Lille , Lille, France .|2 EA 4489, Environnement Périnatal et Croissance, PRES Université Lille Nord de France, Université Lille , Lille, France .
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Deruelle
authors.affiliation: 1 Pôle Femme Mère Nouveau-né, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Université Lille , Lille, France .
authors.forename: Béatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mestdagh
authors.affiliation: 1 Pôle Femme Mère Nouveau-né, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Université Lille , Lille, France .
authors.forename: Géraldine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Blondel
authors.affiliation: 1 Pôle Femme Mère Nouveau-né, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Université Lille , Lille, France .
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Turck
authors.affiliation: 1 Pôle Femme Mère Nouveau-né, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, Université Lille , Lille, France .|3 EA 2694 Santé Publique, Epidémiologie et Qualité des Soins, Université Lille , Lille, France .
authors.forename: Damien
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Subtil
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000067289:Behavior Observation Techniques; D001942:Breast Feeding; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007224:Infant Care; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D060127:Kangaroo-Mother Care Method; D010298:Parity; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult