title: Phenolic acid protects of renal damage induced by ochratoxin A in a 28-days-oral treatment in rats.
abstract: The present study aimed to characterize the chlorogenic acid (ChlA) capacity to reverse the toxic effects induced by ochratoxin A (OTA) in a subacute toxicity test in rats. Male Wistar rats were fed orally by gavage for 28 days with OTA (0.4mg/kg bw/day), ChlA (5mg/kg bw/day) or the combination OTA (0.4mg/kg bw/day)+ChlA (5mg/kg bw/day). No deaths, no decrease in feed intake or body weight in any experimental group were recorded. The negative control group and the animals treated with ChlA alone showed no changes in any parameters evaluated. In OTA-treated group significant changes such as decrease in urine volume, proteinuria, occult blood, increase in serum creatinine values; decrease in absolute and relative kidney weight and characteristics histopathological lesions that indicated kidney damage were observed. However, limited effect on oxidative stress parameters were detected in kidneys of OTA-treated group. Animals treated with the combination OTA+ChlA were showed as negative control group in the evaluation of several parameters of toxicity. In conclusion, ChlA, at given concentration, improved biochemical parameters altered in urine and serum and pathological damages in kidneys induced by OTA exposure, showing a good protective activity, but not by an apparent antioxidant mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, CP C1033AAJ, Argentina. Electronic address: lcariddi@exa.unrc.edu.ar.
authors.forename: L N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Cariddi
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, CP C1033AAJ, Argentina.
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Escobar
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, CP C1033AAJ, Argentina.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Sabini
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Campra
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bagnis
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Decote-Ricardo
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Freire-de-Lima
authors.affiliation: Cátedra de Farmacología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mañas
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Sabini
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Ruta 36 Km 601, Río Cuarto, CP 5800 Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, CP C1033AAJ, Argentina.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Dalcero
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D036401:Toxicity Tests, Chronic
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D009793:Ochratoxins; D020011:Protective Agents; C025589:ochratoxin A; C017616:phenolic acid
keywords: Chlorogenic acid; Kidney damage; Ochratoxin A; Oral treatment; Oxidative stress; Protective effects