title: Sustainability of Forefoot Reconstruction for the Rheumatoid Foot.
abstract: Ninety percent of patients with rheumatoid arthritis will display foot and ankle pathologic features, including hallux valgus, lesser metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint subluxation/dislocation, and hammertoe deformity. Recently, a trend has ensued toward joint preservation with distal metatarsal osteotomies and various bunion corrective procedures. However, the reference standard remains first MTP joint fusion, lesser metatarsal head resection, and lesser proximal interphalangeal joint fusion. The present retrospective study followed the results of 4 different surgeons who had performed the reference standard rheumatoid forefoot reconstruction from August 2008 to August 2012 on patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Radiographic and statistical analysis of the data from 20 patients determined an overall first MTP joint fusion rate of 90%, often occurring by 108 (range 64 to 202) days postoperatively. Radiographic nonunion occurred in 2 of the 20 patients (10%), although both were asymptomatic, with no revision necessary. Lesser digit deformity revision occurred in 1 patient (5%), and mild to moderate infection developed in 4 patients (20%). The radiographic and clinical follow-up period was 12 months. Our study found that this technique provides exceptional radiographic improvement, an acceptable time to fusion, a low reoperation rate, and minimal complications. In addition, correction of the deformity was maintained at 1 year postoperatively. In conclusion, first MTP joint fusion with lesser metatarsal head resection should remain the reference standard for surgical intervention of the rheumatoid foot.
authors.affiliation: Resident, Grant Medical Center, Columbus, OH.
authors.forename: Kathie J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Whitt
authors.affiliation: Foot and Ankle Surgeon, Eugene Foot and Ankle Health Center, Eugene, OR.
authors.forename: Sarah A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Rincker
authors.affiliation: Fellowship Director, Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Center, Westerville, OH. Electronic address: ofacresearch@orthofootankle.com.
authors.forename: Christopher F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Hyer
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D001174:Arthrodesis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005531:Foot Deformities, Acquired / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D005545:Forefoot, Human / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008683:Metatarsophalangeal Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D011859:Radiography / Q000379:methods; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Hoffman Clayton; first metatarsophalangeal joint fusion; forefoot reconstruction; inflammatory arthritis; rheumatoid arthritis