title: The Strength Model of Self-Control in Sport and Exercise Psychology.
abstract: The strength model of self-control assumes that all acts of self-control (e.g., emotion regulation, persistence) are empowered by a single global metaphorical strength that has limited capacity. This strength can become temporarily depleted after a primary self-control act, which, in turn, can impair performance in subsequent acts of self-control. Recently, the assumptions of the strength model of self-control also have been adopted and tested in the field of sport and exercise psychology. The present review paper aims to give an overview of recent developments in self-control research based on the strength model of self-control. Furthermore, recent research on interventions on how to improve and revitalize self-control strength will be presented. Finally, the strength model of self-control has been criticized lately, as well as expanded in scope, so the present paper will also discuss alternative explanations of why previous acts of self-control can lead to impaired performance in sport and exercise.
authors.affiliation: Department of Educational Psychology, Institute of Educational Science, University of Bern Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Englert
keywords: ego depletion; emotion; self-control; self-regulation; sport; willpower