title: Detection of Campylobacter in human and animal field samples in Cambodia.
abstract: Campylobacter are zoonotic bacteria and a leading cause of human gastroenteritis worldwide with Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli being the most commonly detected species. The aim of this study was to detect Campylobacter in humans and livestock (chickens, ducks, pigs, cattle, water buffalo, quail, pigeons and geese) in rural households by routine culturing and multiplex PCR in faecal samples frozen before analysis. Of 681 human samples, 82 (12%) tested positive by PCR (C. jejuni in 66 samples and C. coli in 16), but none by routine culture. Children were more commonly Campylobacter positive (19%) than adult males (8%) and females (7%). Of 853 livestock samples, 106 (12%) tested positive by routine culture and 352 (41%) by PCR. Campylobacter jejuni was more frequent in chickens and ducks and C. coli in pigs. In conclusion, Campylobacter proved to be highly prevalent by PCR in children (19%), ducks (24%), chickens (56%) and pigs (72%). Routine culturing was insufficiently sensitive in detecting Campylobacter in field samples frozen before analysis. These findings suggest that PCR should be the preferred diagnostic method for detection of Campylobacter in humans and livestock where timely culture is not feasible.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproduction, Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Osbjer
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tano
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Public Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
authors.forename: Leang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chhayheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Akofa Olivia
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Mac-Kwashie
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lise-Lotte
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Fernström
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.|Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonosis Science Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Patrik
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ellström
authors.affiliation: Centre for Livestock and Agriculture Development, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
authors.forename: Seng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sokerya
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Public Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
authors.forename: Choup
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sokheng
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Public Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
authors.forename: Veng
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mom
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Public Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
authors.forename: Kannarath
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chheng
authors.affiliation: National Veterinary Research Institute, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
authors.forename: Sorn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: San
authors.affiliation: National Veterinary Research Institute, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
authors.forename: Holl
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Davun
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boqvist
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Hilpi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rautelin
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproduction, Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Magnusson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002160:Cambodia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002167:Campylobacter / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002169:Campylobacter Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000662:veterinary*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D058751:Livestock; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D015995:Prevalence; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cambodia; Campylobacter; humans; livestock; zoonosis