title: ROS-generating TiO2 nanoparticles for non-invasive sonodynamic therapy of cancer.
abstract: The non-invasive photodynamic therapy has been limited to treat superficial tumours, primarily ascribed to poor tissue penetration of light as the energy source. Herein, we designed a long-circulating hydrophilized titanium dioxide nanoparticle (HTiO2 NP) that can be activated by ultrasound to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). When administered systemically to mice, HTiO2 NPs effectively suppressed the growth of superficial tumours after ultrasound treatments. In tumour tissue, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines were elevated several fold and intense vascular damage was observed. Notably, ultrasound treatments with HTiO2 NPs also suppressed the growth of deeply located liver tumours at least 15-fold, compared to animals without ultrasound treatments. This study provides the first demonstration of the feasibility of using HTiO2 NPs as sensitizers for sonodynamic therapy in vivo.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.|Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Gil
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: V G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Deepagan
authors.affiliation: Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.|Samsung Advance Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Wooram
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Um
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.|Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sangmin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sejin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Son
authors.affiliation: Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.|Korea University of Science and Technology, 113 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeyoun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.|Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hwa In
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Woo
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School, Baltimore, Maryland 21287-0006, United States.
authors.forename: Maggie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Swierczewska
authors.affiliation: The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School, Baltimore, Maryland 21287-0006, United States.
authors.forename: Seulki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School, Baltimore, Maryland 21287-0006, United States.
authors.forename: Martin G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Pomper
authors.affiliation: Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ick Chan
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.|Korea University of Science and Technology, 113 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwangmeyung
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.|Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.|Samsung Advance Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Hyung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D065767:Activation, Metabolic / Q000528:radiation effects; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D053758:Nanoparticles; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014025:Titanium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000069453:Ultrasonic Waves
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium