title: Implementation of the participatory approach for supervisors to prevent sick leave: a process evaluation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To perform a process evaluation of a multifaceted strategy to implement the participatory approach for supervisors to prevent sick leave in three organisations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The implementation strategy incorporated a working group meeting with stakeholder representatives, supervisor training, and optional supervisor coaching. Context, recruitment, reach, dose delivered, dose received, fidelity, and satisfaction with the strategy were assessed at organisational and supervisor level using questionnaires and registration forms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At least 4 out of 6 stakeholders were represented in the working group meetings, and 11 % (n = 116) of supervisors could be reached. The working group meetings and supervisor training were delivered and received as planned and were well appreciated within all three organisations. Three supervisors made use of coaching. At 6-month follow-up, 11 out of 41 supervisors (27 %) indicated that they had applied the participatory approach at least one time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The implementation strategy was largely carried out as intended. However, reach of both supervisors and department managers should be improved. Future studies should consider targeting employees with the strategy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Kraaijeveld
authors.affiliation: Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. f.schaafsma@vumc.nl.|Research Center for Insurance Medicine, Collaboration Between AMC-UMCG-UWV-VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. f.schaafsma@vumc.nl.
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Schaafsma
authors.affiliation: Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ketelaar
authors.affiliation: Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.|Body@Work, Research Center Physical Activity, Work and Health, TNO-VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C R L
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Boot
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bültmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.|Research Center for Insurance Medicine, Collaboration Between AMC-UMCG-UWV-VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Anema
mesh_terms: D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004651:Employment / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006284:Health Plan Implementation / Q000379:methods* / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000071252:Mentoring; D008875:Middle Aged; D010559:Personnel Management / Q000379:methods*; D017064:Process Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods; D015397:Program Evaluation; D018582:Sick Leave; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013663:Teaching
keywords: Participatory approach; Prevention; Process evaluation; Sick leave; Supervisors; Workplace