title: Genomic variation in recently collected maize landraces from Mexico.
abstract: The present dataset comprises 36,931 SNPs genotyped in 46 maize landraces native to Mexico as well as the teosinte subspecies Zea maiz ssp. parviglumis and ssp. mexicana. These landraces were collected directly from farmers mostly between 2006 and 2010. We accompany these data with a short description of the variation within each landrace, as well as maps, principal component analyses and neighbor joining trees showing the distribution of the genetic diversity relative to landrace, geographical features and maize biogeography. High levels of genetic variation were detected for the maize landraces (H E = 0.234 to 0.318 (mean 0.311), while slightly lower levels were detected in Zea m. mexicana and Zea m. parviglumis (H E = 0.262 and 0.234, respectively). The distribution of genetic variation was better explained by environmental variables given by the interaction of altitude and latitude than by landrace identity. This dataset is a follow up product of the Global Native Maize Project, an initiative to update the data on Mexican maize landraces and their wild relatives, and to generate information that is necessary for implementing the Mexican Biosafety Law.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología de la Conservación, División de Biología Experimental y Aplicada, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Baja California, Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana 3918, 22860 Ensenada, B.C., Mexico.
authors.forename: María Clara
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Arteaga
authors.affiliation: Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, DF, 04510, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moreno-Letelier
authors.affiliation: CONACYT Research Fellow - Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad, Mexico, Liga Periférico - Insurgentes Sur, No. 4903, 14010, México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mastretta-Yanes
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, DF, 04510, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Lobo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, DF, 04510, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Breña-Ochoa
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Andrés
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moreno-Estrada
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, DF, 04510, Mexico.
authors.forename: Luis E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Eguiarte
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, DF, 04510, Mexico.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Piñero
keywords: Maize; Maize SNP50K BeadChip; Mexican landraces; Proyecto Global de Maíces Nativos; Teosinte