title: Xanthelasma palpebrarum associated with increased cardio-ankle vascular index in asymptomatic subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Xanthelasma palpebrarum (XP) is associated with increased risk of ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction independent of other well-known cardiovascular risk factors. Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is a novel index of arterial stiffness and important marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between XP and CAVI in asymptomatic subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive 50 subjects with XP and age-gender matched 50 control subjects were enrolled. Patients with known atherosclerotic vascular disease were excluded. Arterial stiffness was assessed by CAVI and defined as abnormal if CAVI is ≥ 8.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects with XP had higher mean CAVI than control subjects (8.05 ± 1.72 vs. 6.76 ± 1.18, p < 0.001). Frequency of abnormal CAVI was higher in subjects with XP (n = 27) compared to those without XP (n = 9, 54 vs. 18 %, p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between XP and CAVI (r = 0.42, p < 0.001). Conditional logistic regression analysis showed that XP (odds ratio OR 8.80, 95 % confidence interval CI 2.63-29.49, p < 0.001) and age (OR 1.17, 95 % CI 1.08-1.26, p < 0.001) were independent predictors for abnormal CAVI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study suggests that XP is associated with increased arterial stiffness in asymptomatic subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ahi Evren Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey. dralirizaakyuz@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ali Rıza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Akyüz
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ahi Evren Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Turhan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Turan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Musluhittin Emre
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Erkuş
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Osmaniye State Hospital, Osmaniye, Turkey.
authors.forename: İsmail
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Gürbak
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ahi Evren Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Selim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kul
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ahi Evren Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Korkmaz
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa Tarık
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Ağaç
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ahi Evren Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Şükrü
authors.initials: Ş
authors.lastname: Çelik
mesh_terms: D055109:Ankle Brachial Index / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015984:Causality; D015897:Comorbidity; D005141:Eyelid Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D059289:Vascular Stiffness; D014973:Xanthomatosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: Cardio-ankle vascular index; Subclinical atherosclerosis; Xanthelasma