title: Immunoexpression of hoxb7 and hoxb9 in salivary gland tumours.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Salivary gland carcinomas are uncommon neoplasms and the identification of new prognostic indicators could improve their management. HOXB7 and HOXB9 are members of the class I homeobox-containing genes important for normal embryogenesis and that are dysregulated in several human neoplasms. This study investigated HOXB7 and HOXB9 expressions in salivary gland tumourigenesis, their correlation with neoplastic proliferative and angiogenic features and their importance as prognostic markers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A hundred and fifty salivary gland tumours were organized in tissue microarray and expressions of CD105, Ki67, HOXB7 and HOXB9 were determined through immunohistochemistry. Reactions were quantified and correlated with clinicopathological parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In normal glands, HOXB7 was found in basal cells, whereas HOXB9 was seen in serous acinar and scattered ductal cells. Malignancies exhibited an increased vascular density, proliferative index, HOXB7 and HOXB9 expressions when compared with pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin's tumour. Significant correlation was found between HOXB7 and CD105 (P = 0.004) in adenoid cystic carcinomas, and HOXB7 higher expression significantly correlated with the presence of paresthesia (P = 0.02). No marker exhibited a significant association with survival rates (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HOXB7 and HOXB9 were expressed in normal salivary gland and were present in benign and malignant tumours derived from these structures, and HOXB7 significantly correlated with neoangiogenesis in AdCC. These findings suggest that both proteins might play a role in salivary gland tumourigenesis, but they were not significant prognostic determinants in this sample.
authors.affiliation: Piracicaba Dental School and Faculty of Medicine, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.|Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
authors.forename: Felipe Paiva
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
authors.forename: Lynne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bingle
authors.affiliation: Piracicaba Dental School and Faculty of Medicine, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alan Roger
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Santos-Silva
authors.affiliation: Piracicaba Dental School and Faculty of Medicine, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Márcio Ajudarte
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: Piracicaba Dental School and Faculty of Medicine, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Coletta
authors.affiliation: Dental School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Piracicaba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno Augusto Benevenuto
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: de Andrade
authors.affiliation: Piracicaba Dental School and Faculty of Medicine, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda Viviane
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Mariano
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Paulo
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Kowalski
authors.affiliation: Dental School, State University of Western Paraná, Cascavel, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Lúcia Carrinho Ayroza
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rangel
authors.affiliation: Medical and Dental Schools, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Manoela Domingues
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Medical and Dental Schools, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meurer
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.|Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
authors.forename: Keith D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Speight
authors.affiliation: Piracicaba Dental School and Faculty of Medicine, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil. pavargas@fop.unicamp.br.|Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. pavargas@fop.unicamp.br.
authors.forename: Pablo Agustin
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Vargas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D000071063:Endoglin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D012468:Salivary Gland Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D000071063:Endoglin; C490538:HOXB7 protein, human; C491257:HOXB9 protein, human; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen
keywords: HOXB7; HOXB9; adenoid cystic carcinoma; mucoepidermoid carcinoma; salivary gland tumours