title: Sociocultural variation in attitudes toward use of genetic information and participation in genetic research by race in the United States: implications for precision medicine.
abstract: "Precision medicine" (PM) requires researchers to identify actionable genetic risks and for clinicians to interpret genetic testing results to patients. Whether PM will equally benefit all populations or exacerbate existing disparities is uncertain.
  
  
  
  We ascertained attitudes toward genetic testing and genetic research by race in the United States using the online Amazon mTurk US workforce (n = 403 White; n = 56 African American (AA)). Generalized linear models were used to test differences in beliefs and preferences by race, adjusting for sociodemographics and prior genetic experience.
  
  
  
  AA were less likely than White to believe that genetic tests should be promoted or made available. Further, AA were less likely to want genetic testing results or to participate in genetic research.
  
  
  
  Important dimensions that underlay PM are not universally accepted by all populations. Without clear attention to concerns, AA communities may not equally benefit from the rapidly-emerging trend in PM-centered research and clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA tim_dye@urmc.rochester.edu.
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dye
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Dongmei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Demment
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Groth
authors.affiliation: Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.affiliation: Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dozier
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D036281:Genetic Research; D005820:Genetic Testing; D006801:Humans; D057285:Precision Medicine; D014481:United States; D044465:White People
keywords: African-American; disparities; genetic research; genetic testing; personalized medicine; precision medicine; race