title: Effect of continuous passive motion initiated after the onset of arthritis on inflammation and secondary hyperalgesia in rats.
abstract: This study investigated the effect of continuous passive motion (CPM) initiated after the onset of arthritis in rats. Rats were injected with 3 % kaolin/carrageenan in the knee joint and randomized to the control, immobilization (IM), or CPM group. The knee joints of the IM and CPM groups were immobilized with a cast for 56 days. In the CPM group, CPM exercise was administered for 60 min/day (6 times/week). Joint transverse diameter and pressure pain threshold (PPT) were assessed as indicators of inflammation, and paw withdrawal response (PWR) was assessed as indicator of secondary hyperalgesia. Central sensitization was analyzed by measuring calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) expression levels in the spinal dorsal horn. In the CPM group, the PPT was significantly increased compared with the IM group from 14 to 35 days, and PWR was significantly decreased from 14 to 56 days. Additionally, CGRP expression in the super facial layer (I-II) of the spinal dorsal horn (L4-5) in the CPM group was significantly decreased compared with the IM group. Our study found the CPM initiated after the onset of arthritis promoted the recovery of inflammation and mitigated secondary hyperalgesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Locomotive Rehabilitation Science, Unit of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan; Department of Physical Therapy Science, Unit of Physical and Occupational Therapy Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan. jun-saka@nagasaki-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakabayashi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kataoka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hamaue
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okita
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001168:Arthritis / Q000150:complications*; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000378:metabolism; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D015915:Motion Therapy, Continuous Passive; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017288:Pain Threshold; D011897:Random Allocation; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012149:Restraint, Physical; D066148:Spinal Cord Dorsal Horn / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide