title: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Revealed Splenic Targeting of Canine Parvovirus Capsid Protein VP2.
abstract: Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a highly contagious infectious virus, whose infectious mechanism remains unclear because of acute gastroenteritis and the lack of an efficient tool to visualize the virus in real time during virology research. In this study, we developed an iron oxide nanoparticle supported by graphene quantum dots (GQD), namely, FeGQD. In this composite material, GQD acts as a stabilizer; thus, vacancies are retained on the surface for further physical adsorption of the CPV VP2 protein. The FeGQD@VP2 nanocomposite product showed largely enhanced colloidal stability in comparison with bare FeGQD, as well as negligible toxicity both in vitro and in vivo. The composite displayed high uptake into transferrin receptor (TfR) positive cells, which are distinguishable from FeGQD or TfR negative cells. In addition, the composite developed a significant accumulation in spleen rather than in liver, where bare FeGQD or most iron oxide nanoparticles gather. As these evident targeting abilities of FeGQD@VP2 strongly suggested, the biological activity of CPV VP2 was retained in our study, and its biological functions might correspond to CPV when the rare splenic targeting ability is considered. This approach can be applied to numerous other biomedical studies that require a simple yet efficient approach to track proteins in vivo while retaining biological function and may facilitate virus-related research.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping No1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.|CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Yufei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping No1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.|CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Haiming
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping No1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping No1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.
authors.forename: Yanquan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Yuhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Peiwei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Hailu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Zongwu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Jianwu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping No1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.
authors.forename: Xiangtao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping No1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.
authors.forename: Jianxun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Zhijun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping No1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.
authors.forename: Shiqi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping No1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.
authors.forename: Huichen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D005260:Female; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D006108:Graphite / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D009928:Organ Specificity; D017993:Parvovirus, Canine / Q000502:physiology*; D045663:Quantum Dots / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin / Q000378:metabolism; D013154:Spleen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology*; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin; C000499:ferric oxide; D006108:Graphite