title: Columnar propeller-like 1,3,5-triphenylbenzenes: the missing link of shape-persistent hekates.
abstract: Triphenylbenzenes with different substitution patterns at the outer phenyl rings have been successfully synthesised. Sixfold n-alkoxy substitution was insufficient for mesomorphism, but already increasing the number of side chains by three methoxy groups led to liquid crystalline behaviour and mesophase formation. Symmetrical triphenylbenzenes with nine n-alkoxy side chains (≥C9) formed broad enantiotropic mesophases. The symmetry of the liquid crystalline phases was unambiguously determined by X-ray diffraction measurements as Colh and Colho for symmetry-reduced methoxy-alkoxy derivatives and symmetrical nona-alkoxy-triphenylbenzenes, respectively. Based on X-ray diffraction data a stacking model was proposed in which the single molecules aggregate to helical columns forming a mesophase.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. sabine.laschat@oc.uni-stuttgart.de.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wöhrle
authors.affiliation: Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. sabine.laschat@oc.uni-stuttgart.de.
authors.forename: Stuart James
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Beardsworth
authors.affiliation: Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. sabine.laschat@oc.uni-stuttgart.de.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schilling
authors.affiliation: Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. sabine.laschat@oc.uni-stuttgart.de.
authors.forename: Angelika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baro
authors.affiliation: Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giesselmann
authors.affiliation: Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. sabine.laschat@oc.uni-stuttgart.de.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laschat