title: The comparative gastrointestinal morphology of Jaculus jaculus (Rodentia) and Paraechinus aethiopicus (Erinaceomorpha).
abstract: Jaculus jaculus (Lesser Egyptian jerboa) and Paraechinus aethiopicus (Desert hedgehog) are small mammals which thrive in desert conditions and are found, among others, in the Arabian Peninsula. Jaculus jaculus is omnivorous while P. aethiopicus is described as being insectivorous. The study aims to describe the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) morphology of these animals which differ in diet and phylogeny. The GITs of J. jaculus (n = 8) and P. aethiopicus (n = 7) were weighed, photographed, and the length, basal surface areas, and luminal surface areas of each of the anatomically distinct gastrointestinal segments were determined. The internal aspects of each area were examined and photographed while representative histological sections of each area were processed to wax and stained using haematoxylin and eosin. Both species had a simple unilocular stomach which was confirmed as wholly glandular on histology sections. Paraechinus aethiopicus had a relatively simple GIT which lacked a caecum. The caecum of J. jaculus was elongated, terminating in a narrow cecal appendix which contained lymphoid tissue on histological examination. The internal aspect of the proximal colon of J. jaculus revealed distinct V-shaped folds. Stomach content analysis of J. jaculus revealed mostly plant and seed material and some insects, whereas P. aethiopicus samples showed plant material in addition to insects, indicating omnivorous feeding tendencies in areas where insects may be scarce.
authors.affiliation: Division of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa.
authors.forename: Daniella L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Division of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa.
authors.forename: Jacklynn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walters
authors.affiliation: KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.|Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa.
authors.forename: Nigel C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.affiliation: KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.|Saudi Wildlife Authority, Riyadh, 11575, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdulaziz N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Alagaili
authors.affiliation: KSU Mammals Research Chair, Department of Zoology College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Osama B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Mohammed
authors.affiliation: Division of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa.
authors.forename: Sanet H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kotzé
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017753:Ecosystem; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005766:Gastrointestinal Contents; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006364:Hedgehogs / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012377:Rodentia / Q000033:anatomy & histology*
keywords: Jaculus jaculus; Paraechinus aethiopicus; Saudi Arabia; gastrointestinal tract; mammals; morphology