title: Terpene evolution during the development of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Shiraz grapes.
abstract: The flavour of wine is derived, in part, from the flavour compounds present in the grape, which change as the grapes accumulate sugar and ripen. Grape berry terpene concentrations may vary at different stages of berry development. This study aimed to investigate terpene evolution in grape berries from four weeks post-flowering to maturity. Grape bunches were sampled at fortnightly intervals over two vintages (2012-13 and 2013-14). In total, five monoterpenoids, 24 sesquiterpenes, and four norisoprenoids were detected in grape samples. The highest concentrations of total monoterpenoids, total sesquiterpenes, and total norisoprenoids in grapes were all observed at pre-veraison. Terpenes derived from the same biosynthetic pathway had a similar production pattern during berry development. Terpenes in grapes at harvest might not necessarily be synthesised at post-veraison, since the compounds or their precursors may already exist in grapes at pre-veraison, with the veraison to harvest period functioning to convert these precursors into final products.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Pangzhen
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Sigfredo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fuentes
authors.affiliation: Australian Wine Research Institute, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia.
authors.forename: Tracey
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Siebert
authors.affiliation: Australian Wine Research Institute, Mooroolbark, Vic 3138, Australia.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krstic
authors.affiliation: Australian Wine Research Institute, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Herderich
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Edward William R
authors.initials: EWR
authors.lastname: Barlow
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia; INRA, UMR1083 SPO, 2, Place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier, France. Electronic address: khowell@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Howell
mesh_terms: D005421:Flavoring Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D013649:Taste; D013729:Terpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005421:Flavoring Agents; D013729:Terpenes
keywords: Grape ripening; Rotundone; Sesquiterpene; Terpene