title: Strategy breakdown following muscarinic blockade in rats.
abstract: The present study examined the effects of systemically administered atropine sulfate, a muscarinic cholinergic antagonist, on a series of probe tests in the retention of a highly-structured serial pattern in a serial multiple choice (SMC) task. Rats were trained on a 24-element pattern composed of eight 3-element chunks ending with a violation element: 123-234-345-456-567-678-781-818 where the digits represent the clockwise position of levers in an octagonal chamber, dashes indicate 3-s pauses termed "phrasing cues," and other intertrial intervals were 1s. In daily acquisition trials rats were given either 50mg/kg of atropine sulfate or an equivalent amount of saline (Chenoweth & Fountain, 2015). Following acquisition, rats were given a series of drug challenges, and the present study reports a series of Phrasing Cue Removal Probes that tested rats' abilities to make correct responses in the absence of phrasing cues. Rats tested under atropine demonstrated more difficulty in recalling encoded responses in these probe trials than did rats tested under saline. The results indicate that intact central muscarinic cholinergic systems were needed for rats to display efficient adaptive response strategies under conditions where some features of the previously-learned pattern change.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Hiram College, Hiram, OH 44234, USA. Electronic address: chenowetham@hiram.edu.
authors.forename: Amber M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Chenoweth
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242-0001, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Fountain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000187:drug effects*; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D012691:Serial Learning / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D001285:Atropine
keywords: Atropine; Cue removal; Phrasing cue; Rats; Sequential behavior; Serial multiple choice task; Serial pattern learning