title: Antimicrobial metabolites from marine microorganisms.
abstract: Marine ecological niches have recently been described as "particularly promising" sources for search of new antimicrobials to combat antibiotic-resistant strains of pathogenic microorganisms. Marine organisms are excellent sources for many industrial products, but they are partly explored. Over 30 000 compounds have been isolated from marine sources. Bacteria, fungi, and cyanobacteria obtained from various marine sources secret several industrially useful bioactive compounds, possessing antibacterial, antifungal, and antimycobacterial activities. Sustainable cultivation methods for promising marine organisms and biotechnological processes for selected compounds can be developed, along with the establishment of biosensors for monitoring the target compounds. The semisynthetic modifications of marine-based bioactive compounds produce their new derivatives, structural analogs and mimetics that could serve as novel lead compounds against resistant pathogens. The present review focuses on promising antimicrobial compounds isolated from marine microbes from 1991-2013.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, SET's College of Pharmacy, Dharwad 580002, Karnataka, India. Electronic address: prasherbs@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Prasanna
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Habbu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Sridevi College of Pharmacy, Mangalore 575006, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Vijayanand
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Warad
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, SET's College of Pharmacy, Dharwad 580002, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shastri
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, SET's College of Pharmacy, Dharwad 580002, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Smita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Madagundi
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Department of Pharmacology, SET's College of Pharmacy, Dharwad 580002, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Venkatrao H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D005658:Fungi / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents
keywords: Antibacterial metabolites; Antifungal metabolites; Marine microbes