title: Safety of indwelling pleural catheter use in patients undergoing chemotherapy: a five-year retrospective evaluation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Indwelling pleural catheters (IPC) are increasingly becoming a first-line treatment in the management of malignant pleural effusions. Ambulatory management using IPC are increasingly used in this patient group whilst they are receiving concurrent chemotherapy. There are currently no prospective trials examining IPC safety in chemotherapy. This study's objective is to determine if IPC insertion is safe in patients undergoing chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent IPC insertion for malignant pleural effusion at our trust from September 2010 to December 2014. Data was collected on IPC insertion and removal, tumour type, systemic chemotherapy, pleural infection and other complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred four patients were identified, 43 in chemotherapy group and 61 in non-chemotherapy group. The incidence of pleural infection in chemotherapy group vs non-chemotherapy group, 4 (9.3%) vs 3 (4.9%) respectively, was not statistically different (Fisher's exact p = 0.311). There was no significant difference in six-month infection-free duration from the date of IPC insertion (log rank p = 0.394). Overall six-month mortality in chemotherapy group was significantly lower than in non-chemotherapy group (log rank p = 0.007).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the second largest retrospective case-control series that concludes systemic chemotherapy is safe in patients with IPC undergoing chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. charleen.chan@gmail.com.|School of Medicine, King's College London, London, UK. charleen.chan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Charleen Chan Wah
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hak
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.|School of Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Parthipan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sivakumar
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.|School of Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Liju
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ahmed
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D055499:Catheter-Related Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling; D002481:Cellulitis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008654:Mesothelioma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D016066:Pleural Effusion, Malignant / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010997:Pleural Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D010998:Pleurisy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: Antineoplastic agents; Catheters; Indwelling; Malignant; Pleura; Pleural effusion