title: Evaluation of Tear Meniscus Dynamics Using Anterior Segment Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography After Topical Solution Instillation for Dry Eye.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate tear meniscus dynamics using anterior segment swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) after the instillation of topical solutions for dry eye.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, observational, cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six healthy subjects (28 men and 8 women; mean age, 34.4 ± 6.7 years) were enrolled in this study. The lower tear meniscus height, tear meniscus area, and tear meniscus volume were assessed using anterior SS-OCT. After baseline measurements, 40 μL of 0.1% sodium hyaluronate, 0.3% sodium hyaluronate, 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution, or 2% rebamipide ophthalmic solution was instilled in one eye of 10 subjects each, whereas 40 μL saline was instilled in the other eye. Tear meniscus measurements were obtained using SS-OCT at 30 seconds and 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 minutes after instillation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tear meniscus measurements showed a significant increase until 1, 3, 10, 10, and 3 minutes after the instillation of saline, 0.1% sodium hyaluronate, 0.3% sodium hyaluronate, 3% diquafosol, and 2% rebamipide, respectively, compared with the baseline levels (P < 0.05). Compared with those after saline instillation, the tear meniscus measurements were significantly higher until 30 seconds and 3, 30, and 15 minutes after the instillation of 0.1% sodium hyaluronate, 0.3% sodium hyaluronate, 3% diquafosol, and 2% rebamipide, respectively (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The instillation of ophthalmic solutions for the treatment of dry eye greatly increased tear meniscus measurements in healthy subjects. Thus, SS-OCT can be a practical tool for the quantitative evaluation of early-phase tear fluid dynamics.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Ophthalmology, JR Tokyo General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; and†Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Reina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Akiyama-Fukuda
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Usui
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamagami
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000409:Alanine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000869:Anterior Eye Segment; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011122:Polyphosphates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015363:Quinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013666:Tears / Q000378:metabolism*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014500:Uracil Nucleotides / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011122:Polyphosphates; D015363:Quinolones; D014500:Uracil Nucleotides; C403315:diquafosol; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; C052785:rebamipide; D000409:Alanine