title: Automated In-Injector Derivatization Combined with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Fluorescence Detection for the Determination of Semicarbazide in Fish and Bread Samples.
abstract: Semicarbazide (1) is a widespread genotoxic food contaminant originating as a metabolic byproduct of the antibiotic nitrofurazone used in fish farming or as a thermal degradation product of the common flour additive azodicarbonamide. The goal of this study is to develop a simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) method for the detection of compound 1 in food products. In comparison to existing methods for the determination of compound 1, the reported method combining online precolumn derivatization and HPLC-FLD is less labor-intensive, produces higher sample throughput, and does not require the use of expensive analytical instruments. After validation of accuracy and precision, this method was applied to determine the amount of compound 1 in fish and bread samples. Comparative studies using an established liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry method did not yield systematically different results, indicating that the developed HPLC-FLD method is accurate and suitable for the determination of compound 1 in fish and bread samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Yinan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Wan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D001939:Bread / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005399:Fishes; D005433:Flour / Q000032:analysis*; D009583:Nitrofurazone / Q000494:pharmacology; D012663:Semicarbazides / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D012663:Semicarbazides; C010059:carbamylhydrazine; C004525:azodicarbonamide; D009583:Nitrofurazone
keywords: azodicarbonamide; fluorescence; high-performance liquid chromatography; nitrofurazone; semicarbazide