title: Antimanic-like effects of (R)-(-)-carvone and (S)-(+)-carvone in mice.
abstract: Carvone is a monoterpene that is present in spearmint (Mentha spicata) and caraway (Carum carvi) essential oils and has been shown to have anticonvulsant effects, likely through the blockade of voltage-gated sodium channels, and anxiolytic-like effects. Considering that some anticonvulsants that blocked voltage-gated sodium channels (e.g., sodium valproate and carbamazepine) exert clinical antimanic effects, the aim of the present study was to evaluate (R)-(-)-carvone and (S)-(+)-carvone in animal models of mania (i.e., hyperlocomotion induced by methylphenidate and sleep deprivation). Mice that were treated with methylphenidate (5mg/kg) or sleep-deprived for 24h using a multiple-platform protocol exhibited an increase in locomotor activity in an automated activity box. This effect was blocked by pretreatment with acute (R)-(-)-carvone (50-100mg/kg), (S)-(+)-carvone (50-100mg/kg), and lithium (100mg/kg, positive control). These doses did not alter spontaneous locomotor activity in the methylphenidate-induced experiments while (S)-(+)-carvone decreased spontaneous locomotor activity in sleep deprivation experiment, indicating a sedative effect. Chronic 21-day treatment with (R)-(-)-carvone (100mg/kg), (S)-(+)-carvone (100mg/kg), and lithium also prevented methylphenidate-induced hyperactivity. The present results suggest that carvone may have an antimanic-like effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba CEP 81531-980, Brazil. Electronic address: fran_nogoceke@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Francianne P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Nogoceke
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba CEP 81531-980, Brazil. Electronic address: receptorgababdz@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Inara M R
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Barcaro
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa CEP 58051-900, Brazil. Electronic address: damiao_desousa@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Damião P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: de Sousa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba CEP 81531-980, Brazil. Electronic address: randreatini@ufpr.br.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Andreatini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018692:Antimanic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D008297:Male; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D012892:Sleep Deprivation; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D018692:Antimanic Agents; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D008774:Methylphenidate; C006923:carvone
keywords: (R)-(−)-Carvone (PubChem CID 439570); Essential oil; Mania; Natural product; Psychostimulant; S-(+)-carvone (PubChem CID 16724); Sleep deprivation; lithium carbonate (PubChem CID 21917306); methylphenidate (PubChem CID 10945497)