title: Comparative evaluation of antiplatelet effect of lycopene with aspirin and the effect of their combination on platelet aggregation: An in vitro study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective was to compare antiplatelet effect of lycopene with aspirin and to study effect of combination of the two on platelet aggregation in vitro, using platelets from healthy volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Platelets were harvested; platelet count of platelet-rich plasma adjusted to 2.5 Χ 10(5)/μL. Aspirin (140 μmol/L) and lycopene (4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 μmol/L) were studied in vitro against adenosine-5'- diphosphate (ADP) (2.5 μM/L) and collagen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the concentrations of lycopene (4-12 μmol/L) exhibited reduction in maximum platelet aggregation induced by aggregating agents ADP and collagen (P < 0.01 vs. vehicle) and were comparable with aspirin. Lycopene at concentration 10 μmol/L showed maximum platelet inhibition (47.05% ± 19.56%) against ADP, whereas lycopene at concentration 8 μmol/L showed maximum platelet inhibition (54.26% ± 30.71%) against collagen. Four μmol/L of lycopene combined with 140 μmol/L and 70 μmol/L aspirin showed greater inhibition of platelets as compared to aspirin 140 μmol/L alone, against both ADP and collagen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study favorably compares lycopene and aspirin with respect to their antiplatelet activities against ADP and collagen. Lycopene can be considered as a potential target for modifying the thrombotic and pro-inflammatory events associated with platelet activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth G.S. Medical College and K.E.M. Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Swapna B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Sawardekar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth G.S. Medical College and K.E.M. Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Tejal C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth G.S. Medical College and K.E.M. Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Dinesh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Uchil
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001241:Aspirin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D000077276:Lycopene; D008297:Male; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D002338:Carotenoids; D001241:Aspirin; D000077276:Lycopene
keywords: Adenosine-5’- diphosphate; antiplatelet; aspirin; collagen; lycopene; optical aggregometry