title: Low vitamin D3 and high anti-Müllerian hormone serum levels in the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Is there a link?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Low vitamin D serum level has been reported in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) compared to controls. A few in vitro studies showed that the bioactive form of vitamin D is able to modulate the expression of the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) gene. However, in vivo studies failed to demonstrate clearly whether low vitamin D3 serum level is involved in the AMH excess of PCOS. This prospective study evaluates serum vitamin D3 and AMH levels in women with PCOS and in controls, before and after vitamin D supplementation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Among vitamin D deficient patients, 23 patients with PCOS were compared to 27 women with normal ovarian reserve (NOR). The vitamin D deficient patients received a vitamin D supplementation according to the depth of their insufficiency. For the 23 patients with PCOS and the 27 controls, serum AMH assay and serum calciotropic hormone assays [25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]2D) and parathyroid hormone (PTH)] were performed before and after supplementation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum 25(OH)D levels before treatment were statistically lower in PCOS women than in NOR patients (P<0.05), even after adjustment for BMI, age and AMH level, but not after adjustment for waist circumference measurement. No difference in the serum AMH levels before and after treatment was observed neither in PCOS patients nor in NOR patients. In both groups, 25(OH)D serum levels were not related to serum AMH levels, serum 1,25(OH)2D and serum PTH levels, before and after treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found no evidence that serum calciotropic hormones are linked to circulating AMH levels, particularly in PCOS.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Endocrine Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, CHRU de Lille, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Lille II, 59037 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cappy
authors.affiliation: Inserm U1172 Team 2, JPARC, Université de Lille II, 59045 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Giacobini
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry and Hormonology, Biology Center, CHRU de Lille, 59037 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pigny
authors.affiliation: Departments of Endocrine Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, CHRU de Lille, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Lille II, 59037 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Aude
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bruyneel
authors.affiliation: Departments of Endocrine Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, CHRU de Lille, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Lille II, 59037 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Maryse
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leroy-Billiard
authors.affiliation: Departments of Endocrine Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, CHRU de Lille, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Lille II, 59037 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dewailly
authors.affiliation: Departments of Endocrine Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, CHRU de Lille, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Lille II, 59037 Lille, France; Inserm U1172 Team 2, JPARC, Université de Lille II, 59045 Lille, France. Electronic address: sophie.jonard@chru-lille.fr.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Catteau-Jonard
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D055105:Waist Circumference; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002762:Cholecalciferol; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone
keywords: Anti-Müllerian Hormone; Hormone anti-Müllérienne; Infertility; Infertilité; Ovaires polykystiques; Polycystic ovaries; Tour de taille; Vitamin D; Vitamine D; Waist circumference