title: Risk factors associated with seropositivity for Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi in dogs in the state of Paraiba, Brazil.
abstract: The aim of this survey was to determine the seropositivity and risk factors for Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi in dogs in the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. A total of 1,043 dogs were tested, and the serological diagnoses of Chagas disease (CD) and canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) was performed by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Animals that tested seropositive for both diseases (by IFAT) were further subjected to ELISA. Of the 1,043 dogs 81 (7.8%; 95% CI = 6.1-9.4%) tested seropositive for Leishmania spp., while 83 were seropositive for T. cruzi (7.9%; 95% CI = 6.3-9.6%). Simultaneous serological reactions were detected in 49 animals (4.6%; 95% CI= 3.6-6.2%). Semi-domiciled housing (OR = 2.044), free housing (OR = 4.151), and soil (OR = 3.425) and soil/cement (OR = 3.065) environmental conditions were identified as risk factors for CVL seropositivity. The risk factors identified for CD seropositivity were semi-domiciled (OR = 2.353) or free housing (OR = 3.454), and contact with bovine (OR = 2.015). This study revealed the presence of dogs in the Paraíba State seropositive for CVL and CD, suggesting the need for revisiting and intensification of disease control measures through constant monitoring of the canine population.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, PB, Brasil.
authors.forename: Annielle Regina da Fonseca
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, PB, Brasil.
authors.forename: Carla Lauise Rodrigues Menezes
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Pimenta
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, PB, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ivana Fernandes
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Gabriela Capriogli
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Raissa Saran
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Sartori
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, PB, Brasil.
authors.forename: Raizza Barros
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, PB, Brasil.
authors.forename: Márcia Almeida
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Melo
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Hélio
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Langoni
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, PB, Brasil.
authors.forename: Sérgio Santos
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Azevedo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D004285:Dogs; D007891:Leishmania / Q000276:immunology*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000276:immunology*