title: Phenotypical and biochemical characterisation of resistance for parasitic weed (Orobanche foetida Poir.) in radiation-mutagenised mutants of chickpea.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Some radiation-mutagenised chickpea mutants potentially resistant to the broomrape, Orobanche foetida Poir., were selected through field trials. The objectives of this work were to confirm resistance under artificial infestation, in pots and mini-rhizotron systems, and to determine the developmental stages of broomrape affected by resistance and the relevant resistance mechanisms induced by radiation mutagenesis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 30 mutants tested for resistance to O. foetida, five shared strong resistance in both pot experiments and mini-rhizotron systems. Resistance was not complete, but the few individuals that escaped resistance displayed high disorders of shoot development. Results demonstrated a 2-3-fold decrease in stimulatory activity of root exudates towards broomrape seed germination in resistant mutants in comparison with non-irradiated control plants and susceptible mutants. Resistance was associated with an induction of broomrape necrosis early during infection. When infested, most of the resistant mutants shared enhanced levels of soluble phenolic contents, phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, guaiacol peroxidase activity and polyphenol oxidase activity, in addition to glutathione and notably ascorbate peroxidase gene expression in roots.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results confirmed enhanced resistance in chickpea radiation-mutagenised mutants, and demonstrated that resistance is based on alteration of root exudation, presumed cell-wall reinforcement and change in root oxidative status in response to infection. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Technobiologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia.|Laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologies Végétales, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Brahmi
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Technobiologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia.|Unité d'Utilisation Médicale et Agricole des Techniques Nucléaires, Centre National des Sciences et Technologies Nucléaires, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Yassine
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mabrouk
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologies Végétales, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brun
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologies Végétales, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Delavault
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Technobiologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Omrane
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Belhadj
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologies Végétales, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France. philippe.simier@univ-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Simier
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D004156:Catechol Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D029863:Cicer / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D018525:Germination; D016296:Mutagenesis / Q000528:radiation effects; D031672:Orobanche / Q000502:physiology*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D053147:Plant Exudates / Q000494:pharmacology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000502:physiology; D057685:Plant Weeds / Q000502:physiology*; D012639:Seeds / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D053147:Plant Exudates; D004156:Catechol Oxidase; C121048:guaiacol peroxidase; D009195:Peroxidase
keywords: Orobanche foetida; ROS-scavenging enzymes; broomrape; legumes; mutants; oxidative stress; parasitic weeds