title: Ovarian parameters and ovarian blood flow of women living in the area of environmental crisis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Exposure to environmental hazards will destroy a number of ovarian primordial follicles, reduce ovarian reserve and subsequent reproductive ability. This study designed to evaluate ovarian parameters and ovarian blood flow of women living in the area of environmental crisis Shalkar city (Kazakhstan) compared to women living in Aktobe city (Kazakhstan).
  
  
  METHODS
  220 women in their reproductive age studied and classified into two groups; study (Shalkar) group and control (Aktobe) group. Blood sample taken from studied women during follicular phase (day 3) for hormonal level evaluation including; follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH). Studied women evaluated using trans-vaginal ultrasound (TVS) to detect antral follicle count (AFC) during follicular scan and ovarian volume (OV), ovarian blood flow (OBF) using pulsatility index (PI) during follicular scan and luteal scan.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both ovaries AFC was significantly less in study (Shalkar) group compared to and control (Aktobe) group (p=0.0001). Mean ovarian volume was significantly less in Shalkar group in both follicular phase and luteal phase (5.86±0.23 and 6.19±0.22Cm(3); respectively) compared to Aktobe group (6.85±0.19 and 6.92±0.18Cm(3); respectively). In addition, mean ovarian pulsatility index was significantly high with subsequent decrease in ovarian blood flow in Shalkar group in both follicular phase and luteal phase (3.36±0.20 and 3.45±0.19Cm/s; respectively) compared to Aktobe group (2.96±0.16 and 2.92±0.15Cm/s; respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests definite environmental effect on ovarian parameters as indicated by decreased AFC, decreased both follicular and luteal OV and OBF in women living in environmental crisis Shalkar group compared to Aktobe group.
authors.affiliation: West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: Aru
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balmagambetova
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Ahmadi Hospital, Kuwait Oil Company (KOC), Kuwait. Electronic address: dr.ibrahimanwar@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ibrahim A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Abdelazim
authors.affiliation: West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: Erbol
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bekmukhambetov
authors.affiliation: West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University, Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: Gulmira
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhurabekova
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Amr H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Yehia
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Ahmadi Hospital, Kuwait Oil Company (KOC), Kuwait.
authors.forename: Mohannad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: AbuFaza
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004777:Environment; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D005498:Follicular Phase; D006801:Humans; D007623:Kazakhstan; D008183:Luteal Phase; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000502:physiology; D010053:Ovary / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone
keywords: Aktobe; Blood flow; Environmental crisis; Ovarian parameters; Shalkar