title: Vegetable oils rich in alpha linolenic acid increment hepatic n-3 LCPUFA, modulating the fatty acid metabolism and antioxidant response in rats.
abstract: Alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3, ALA) is an essential fatty acid and the metabolic precursor of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) from the n-3 family with relevant physiological and metabolic roles: eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5 n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 n-3, DHA). Western diet lacks of suitable intake of n-3 LCPUFA and there are recommendations to increase the dietary supply of such nutrients. Seed oils rich in ALA such as those from rosa mosqueta (Rosa rubiginosa), sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubis) and chia (Salvia hispanica) may constitute an alternative that merits research. This study evaluated hepatic and epididymal accretion and biosynthesis of n-3 LCPUFA, the activity and expression of Δ-5 and Δ-6 desaturase enzymes, the expression and DNA-binding activity of PPAR-α and SREBP-1c, oxidative stress parameters and the activity of antioxidative enzymes in rats fed sunflower oil (SFO, 1% ALA) as control group, canola oil (CO, 10% ALA), rosa mosqueta oil (RMO, 33% ALA), sacha inchi oil (SIO, 49% ALA) and chia oil (ChO, 64% ALA) as single lipid source. A larger supply of ALA increased the accretion of n-3 LCPUFA, the activity and expression of desaturases, the antioxidative status, the expression and DNA-binding of PPAR-α, the oxidation of fatty acids and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, whereas the expression and DNA-binding activity of SREBP-1c transcription factor and the biosynthetic activity of fatty acids declined. Results showed that oils rich in ALA such as SIO and ChO may trigger metabolic responses in rats such as those produced by n-3 PUFA.
authors.affiliation: Lipid Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Miguel Ángel
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Rincón-Cervera
authors.affiliation: Lipid Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. Electronic address: rvalenzuelab@med.uchile.cl.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Valenzuela
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: María Catalina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hernandez-Rodas
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barrera
authors.affiliation: Medical Technology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Espinosa
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Macarena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marambio
authors.affiliation: Lipid Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valenzuela
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001892:Camphanes; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000378:metabolism; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D050602:Linoleoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D053723:Panax notoginseng; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D027826:Rosa / Q000737:chemistry; D027561:Salvia miltiorrhiza; D000074242:Sunflower Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D015854:Up-Regulation; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001892:Camphanes; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; C000604051:danshen dripping pill; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; D050602:Linoleoyl-CoA Desaturase
keywords: Alpha linolenic acid (ALA); Metabolic and antioxidative responses; Vegetable oils rich in ALA; n-3 LCPUFA