title: Who Multitasks on Smartphones? Smartphone Multitaskers' Motivations and Personality Traits.
abstract: This study aimed to explore the psychological determinants of smartphone multitasking. Smartphone multitasking comprises the following three different subtypes: multitasking with nonmedia activities, cross-media multitasking with nonsmartphone media, and single-device multitasking within the smartphone. The primary motivations for smartphone multitasking were first identified--efficiency, utility, and positive affect--and the ways in which they are associated with the three subtypes were examined; among the primary motivations, efficiency and positive affect predicted the degree of total smartphone-multitasking behavior. The personality traits that are pertinent to all of the primary motivations--need for cognition (NFC) and sensation seeking (SS)--were also investigated. Further analyses revealed that the motivations for and the extent of smartphone multitasking can vary as functions of a user's NFC and SS. In this study, NFC was not only a meaningful predictor of the cognitive needs that drive smartphone multitasking but also increased the likelihood of multitasking through its interaction with SS.
authors.affiliation: 1 School of Communication and Media, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sohye
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: 2 Broadcasting and Media Research Division, Korea Information Society Development Institute , Chungcheongbukdo, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hongjin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D010551:Personality / Q000502:physiology*; D000068997:Smartphone; D055815:Young Adult