title: Optical Dental Whitening Efficacy of Blue Covarine Toothpaste in Teeth Stained by Different Colors.
abstract: Evaluate the immediate and cumulative optical whitening efficacy of a blue covarine toothpaste.
  
  
  
  180 bovine tooth specimens with similar shade (ΔE < 3.5) were staining of different beverage: black tea(BT), green tea (GT), red wine (RW), orange soda (OS), and brazilian açai juice (AJ), and then submitted to tooth brushing with a blue covarine toothpaste (Op) or a control abrasive toothpaste (Ab). The whitening effect was evaluated at baseline (B), after staining (S), after 1 day (1D) and 7 days of cumulative use of toothpastes (7D). The color shade chances were assessment by Vita Easyshade reflectance spectroscope and the data of CIELab color coordinates (L*, a*, and b*), color difference (ΔE) and the whiteness index optimized (WIO), were analyzed by two-way mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures and Bonferroni-corrected t-tests (α = 0.05).
  
  
  
  The analysis showed statistically significant differences before and after staining by colored beverages (p < 0.05), but no differences were found due to the action of toothpaste (p > 0.05), in the CIELab coordinates, ΔE and WIO index.
  
  
  
  The use of toothpastes (Op or Ab) reduced the dental staining caused by different colored beverage, but the whitening effect of blue covarine toothpaste could not be confirmed (p > 0.05).
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Morgana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Janaína
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bortolatto
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Osmir
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Oliveira Junior
authors.affiliation: College of Dentistry, UNICEUMA University, Brazil.
authors.forename: Matheus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bandeca
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials, College of Dentistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, USA.
authors.forename: Sharukh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khajotia
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials, College of Dentistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, USA.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Florez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003116:Color; D004396:Coloring Agents; D054833:Isoindoles; D008665:Metalloporphyrins; D014073:Tooth Bleaching; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000628:therapy; D014100:Toothpastes
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D054833:Isoindoles; D008665:Metalloporphyrins; D014100:Toothpastes; C532297:blue covarine