title: Determination of uptake, accumulation, and stress effects in corn (Zea mays L.) grown in single-wall carbon nanotube contaminated soil.
abstract: Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are projected to increase in usage across many industries. Two studies were conducted using Zea L. (corn) seeds exposed to SWNT spiked soil for 40 d. In Study 1, corn was exposed to various SWNT concentrations (0, 10, and 100 mg/kg) with different functionalities (non-functionalized, OH-functionalized, or surfactant stabilized). A microwave induced heating method was used to determine SWNTs accumulated mostly in roots (0-24 μg/g), with minimal accumulation in stems and leaves (2-10 μg/g) with a limit of detection at 0.1 μg/g. Uptake was not functional group dependent. In Study 2, corn was exposed to 10 mg/kg SWNTs (non-functionalized or COOH-functionalized) under optimally grown or water deficit conditions. Plant physiological stress was determined by the measurement of photosynthetic rate throughout Study 2. No significant differences were seen between control and SWNT treatments. Considering the amount of SWNTs accumulated in corn roots, further studies are needed to address the potential for SWNTs to enter root crop species (i.e., carrots), which could present a significant pathway for human dietary exposure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Amanda M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cano
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kohl
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deleon
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS, Cropping Systems Research Laboratory, Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, Lubbock, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Paxton
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Payton
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Fahmida
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Irin
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saed
authors.affiliation: Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Smit Alkesh
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Micah J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Green
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA. Electronic address: jaclyn.e.canas@ttu.edu.
authors.forename: Jaclyn E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Cañas-Carrell
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects*; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014867:Water
keywords: Drought plant stress; Microwave-induced heating; Photosynthetic rate; Single-wall carbon nanotube