title: Cross reactivity of S. aureus to murine cytokine assays: A source of discrepancy.
abstract: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the versatile Gram positive bacteria causing a range of diseases. Upon challenge, host immune cells recognize S. aureus and mount diverse immune responses including production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α. These cytokines are important mediators of inflammation which can be detected via various immunological methods such as enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblotting. In the current study, we found that a number of clinical isolates as well as laboratory strains of S. aureus exhibited cross reactivity with ELISA antibodies for murine IL-1β and TNF-α assays. This cross reactivity generates exaggerated false positive signals which can be a source of discrepancy for the understanding of real immune responses against S. aureus infection by host immune cells.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics (MMG), Quaid-e-Azam Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Numan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Javed
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Ailing
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: Division of Experimental Animal Immunology, Center for Animal Disease Models, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-0022, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwakura
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Institut Pasteur, CNRS URA 2581, Unité de Parasitologie moléculaire et Signalisation, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lecoeur
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, CNRS URA 2581, Unité de Parasitologie moléculaire et Signalisation, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Gerald F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Späth
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China. Electronic address: gxmeng@ips.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Guangxun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Meng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003429:Cross Reactions / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000276:immunology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D013045:Species Specificity; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: Cross reactivity; IL-1β; Inflammasome; S. aureus; TNF-α