title: Effects of dietary canthaxanthin and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol supplementation on the antioxidant status and tibia quality of duck breeders and newly hatched ducklings.
abstract: This study evaluated the effects of dietary canthaxanthin (CX) and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D3) supplementation on the antioxidant status and tibia quality of duck breeders and newly hatched ducklings. In total, 780 female and 156 male duck breeders were randomly allotted to 2 treatments. Duck breeders were fed either a commercial diet (containing 3,000 IU/kg vitamin D3) or the same diet plus a mixture of CX (6 mg/kg) and 25-OH-D3 (0.069 mg/kg) for 40 wk. The antioxidant status of duck breeders, egg yolk, and ducklings; tibia quality of duck breeders and ducklings; and shell quality of breeder eggs were investigated. The total antioxidant capacity of breeder female liver (P = 0.028), breeder male testis (P = 0.049), egg yolk (P = 0.032), one-day-old duckling liver (P = 0.024), and one-day-old duckling yolk sac (P = 0.012) were increased by dietary supplementation of the mixture of CX and 25-OH-D3 The inclusion of CX and 25-OH-D3 decreased liver protein carbonyl of breeder females (P = 0.030), and liver malonaldehyde (P = 0.050) and protein carbonyl (P = 0.030) of breeder males. Yolk (P < 0.001), shank (P < 0.001), and yolk sac pigmentation (P < 0.001) of one-day-old ducklings were increased by the supplementation of the CX and 25-OH-D3 mixture. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed in tibia quality or eggshell quality between treatments. In conclusion, the inclusion of the mixture of CX and 25-OH-D3 in a diet sufficient in vitamin D3 increased antioxidant status but not tibia quality of duck breeders and newly hatched ducklings.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130.
authors.forename: Z Z
authors.initials: ZZ
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130.
authors.forename: S Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130.
authors.forename: Q F
authors.initials: QF
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130.
authors.forename: X M
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130.
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130.
authors.forename: Z W
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xuan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130 zkeying@sicau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: K Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D002112:Calcifediol / Q000378:metabolism; D016644:Canthaxanthin / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D004372:Ducks / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D013977:Tibia / Q000502:physiology*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014815:Vitamins; D016644:Canthaxanthin; D002112:Calcifediol
keywords: 25-hydroxycholecalciferol; antioxidant status; canthaxanthin; duck; tibia quality