title: Comparison of latex body paint with wetted gauze wipes for sampling the chemical warfare agents VX and sulfur mustard from common indoor surfaces.
abstract: Comparison of solvent-wetted gauze with body paint, a peelable surface sampling media, for the sampling of the chemical warfare agents VX and sulfur mustard from nine surfaces was performed. The nine surfaces sampled are those typical of interior public venues and include smooth, rough, porous, and non-porous surfaces. Overall, solvent-wetted gauze (wipes) performed better for the recovery of VX from non-porous surfaces while body paint (BP) performed better for the porous surfaces. The average percent VX recoveries using wipes and BP, respectively, are: finished wood flooring, 86.2%, 71.4%; escalator handrail, 47.3%, 26.7%; stainless steel, 80.5%, 56.1%; glazed ceramic tile, 81.8%, 44.9%; ceiling tile, 1.77%, 13.1%; painted drywall 7.83%, 21.1%; smooth cement, 0.64%, 10.3%; upholstery fabric, 24.6%, 23.1%; unfinished wood flooring, 9.37%, 13.1%. Solvent-wetted gauze performed better for the recovery of sulfur mustard from three of the relatively non-porous surfaces while body paint performed better for the more porous surfaces. The average percent sulfur mustard recoveries using wipes and BP, respectively, are: finished wood flooring, 30.2%, 2.97%; escalator handrail, 4.40%, 4.09%; stainless steel, 21.2%, 3.30%; glazed ceramic tile, 49.7%, 16.7%; ceiling tile, 0.33%, 11.1%; painted drywall 2.05%, 10.6%; smooth cement, 1.20%, 35.2%; upholstery fabric, 7.63%, 6.03%; unfinished wood flooring, 0.90%, 1.74%.
authors.affiliation: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Avenue, Columbus, OH 43201, United States.
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Hernon-Kenny
authors.affiliation: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Avenue, Columbus, OH 43201, United States.
authors.forename: Deborah L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Behringer
authors.affiliation: Battelle Memorial Institute, 505 King Avenue, Columbus, OH 43201, United States. Electronic address: crenshaw@battelle.org.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Crenshaw
keywords: Chemical warfare agent; Sulfur mustard; Surface sampling; VX