title: The influence of salinity on the fate and behavior of silver standardized nanomaterial and toxicity effects in the estuarine bivalve Scrobicularia plana.
abstract: Because of their antibacterial properties, silver (Ag) engineered nanomaterials are included in many products. The present study used a standardized Ag nanomaterial (NM-300K, 20 nm) supplied with a stabilizing agent. The aim was to investigate the behavior of Ag nanomaterial in an estuarine-like medium at 2 salinities (15 psu and 30 psu). Uptake as well as sublethal effects of Ag nanomaterial (10 μg Ag/L), its stabilizing agent, and AgNO3(10 μg Ag/L) were assessed in the clam Scrobicularia plana, after 7 d of exposure. The release of soluble Ag from Ag nanomaterial in the experimental media was quantified by using diffusive gradient in thin films and ultrafiltration. A multibiomarker approach was employed to reveal responses of clams at subindividual and individual levels. The bioaccumulation of Ag was significantly greater at 15 psu versus 30 psu, which could be explained by differences in Ag speciation. In conclusion, the present study showed different impacts of Ag nanomaterial that were not always explained by the release of Ag ions in clams at both salinities; such impacts were particularly characterized by induction of oxidative stress, cell damage, and impairment of energetic levels. Burrowing of clams was affected by the stabilizing agent depending on the salinity tested, with stronger effects at 15 psu. Finally, the present study highlighted salinity-dependent changes in the physiology of estuarine bivalves. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2550-2561. © 2016 SETAC.
authors.affiliation: ILaboratoire interdisciplinaire des environnements continentaux (LIEC), Université de Lorraine, Metz, France.|Laboratoire Mer, Molécules et Santé, Nantes, Angers, Le Mans Université, Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers, France.|Laboratoire Mer, Molécules et Santé, Nantes, Angers, Le Mans Université (LUNAM), Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.|International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France.
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bertrand
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Mer, Molécules et Santé, Nantes, Angers, Le Mans Université (LUNAM), Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.|International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France.
authors.forename: Aurore
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zalouk-Vergnoux
authors.affiliation: ILaboratoire interdisciplinaire des environnements continentaux (LIEC), Université de Lorraine, Metz, France.
authors.forename: Laure
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Giambérini
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Mer, Molécules et Santé, Nantes, Angers, Le Mans Université (LUNAM), Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.|International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Poirier
authors.affiliation: ILaboratoire interdisciplinaire des environnements continentaux (LIEC), Université de Lorraine, Metz, France.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Devin
authors.affiliation: National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Aix en Provence, France.|International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France.
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Labille
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Mer, Molécules et Santé, Nantes, Angers, Le Mans Université, Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers, France.|International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France.
authors.forename: Hanane
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Perrein-Ettajani
authors.affiliation: ILaboratoire interdisciplinaire des environnements continentaux (LIEC), Université de Lorraine, Metz, France.|International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pagnout
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Mer, Molécules et Santé, Nantes, Angers, Le Mans Université, Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers, France.|International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France.
authors.forename: Amélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Châtel
authors.affiliation: National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Aix en Provence, France.|International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France.
authors.forename: Clément
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Levard
authors.affiliation: National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Aix-Marseille Université, Aix en Provence, France.|International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France.
authors.forename: Mélanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Auffan
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Mer, Molécules et Santé, Nantes, Angers, Le Mans Université, Université Catholique de l'Ouest, Angers, France. Catherine.mouneyrac@uco.fr.|International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix en Provence, France. Catherine.mouneyrac@uco.fr.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mouneyrac
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010316:Particle Size; D054712:Salinity; D012834:Silver / Q000633:toxicity*; D012995:Solubility; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D012834:Silver
keywords: Behavior; Biomarkers; NM-300K; Salinity; Scrobicularia plana