title: Effects of vitamin A, C and E, or omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on the level of paraoxonase and arylesterase activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: an investigation of activities in plasma, and heart and liver homogenates.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was designed and conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin A, C and E supplementation, and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on the activity of paraoxonase and arylesterase in an experimental model of diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 64 male Sprague Dawley® rats, each weighing 250 g, were randomly distributed into four groups: (a) normal control; (b) diabetic control; (c) diabetic with vitamin A, C and E supplementation; and (d) diabetic with omega-3 fatty acid supplementation. The animals were anaesthetised after four weeks of intervention, and paraoxonase and arylesterase activity in blood plasma, and liver and heart homogenates were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Arylesterase activity in the heart and liver homogenates was significantly lower in the diabetic control group than in the normal control group (p < 0.01). Vitamin A, C and E supplementation, and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation significantly increased liver arylesterase activity (p < 0.05). No significant change was observed in paraoxonase activity and other investigated factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vitamin A, C and E, or omega-3 fatty acid supplementation were found to increase liver arylesterase activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. These supplements may be potential agents for the treatment of diabetes mellitus complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahnaz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zarei
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Shima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fakher
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Mohammad Bagher
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Tabei
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hassan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Javanbakht
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hoda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Derakhshanian
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Payam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Farahbakhsh-Farsi
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Embryology, Avesina Research Institute, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sadeghi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ebrahim
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mostafavi
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Djalali
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000378:metabolism*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D014815:Vitamins; D014801:Vitamin A; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; C019734:arylesterase; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: arylesterase; omega-3 fatty acid; paraoxonase; vitamin C; vitamin E