title: Disturbed sleep in individuals with idiopathic environmental intolerance attributed to electromagnetic fields (IEI-EMF): Melatonin assessment as a biological marker.
abstract: Individuals who suffer from idiopathic environmental intolerance attributed to electromagnetic fields (IEI-EMF) complain of a variety of adverse health effects. Troubled sleep remains a recurrent and common symptom in IEI-EMF individuals. Melatonin, a circadian hormone, plays a major role in the sleep process. In this study, we compared levels of melatonin between a sensitive group (IEI-EMF, n = 30) and a non-sensitive control group (non IEI-EMF, n = 25) without exposure to electromagnetic sources. Three questionnaires were used to evaluate the subjective quality and sleep quantity: the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Spiegel Sleep Inventory. Melatonin was quantified in saliva and its major metabolite 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) in urine. Melatonin levels were compared by a two-way analysis of variance at various times between the control and IEI-EMF group. Despite significantly different sleep scores between the two groups, with a lower score in the IEI-EMF group (P < 0.001), no statistical difference was found between the two groups for saliva melatonin (P > 0.05) and urine aMT6s (P > 0.05). Bioelectromagnetics. 37:175-182, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Toxicology, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques INERIS, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.|Peritox Laboratoire de Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques UMR-I-01 Unité mixte INERIS, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.
authors.forename: Soafara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Andrianome
authors.affiliation: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre MEG-EEG, CRICM et CENIR, UMR 7225, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hugueville
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Toxicology, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques INERIS, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.|Peritox Laboratoire de Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques UMR-I-01 Unité mixte INERIS, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Seze
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Toxicology, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques INERIS, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.|Peritox Laboratoire de Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques UMR-I-01 Unité mixte INERIS, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.
authors.forename: Maïté
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hanot-Roy
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Toxicology, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques INERIS, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.|Peritox Laboratoire de Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques UMR-I-01 Unité mixte INERIS, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blazy
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Toxicology, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques INERIS, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.|Peritox Laboratoire de Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques UMR-I-01 Unité mixte INERIS, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.
authors.forename: Christelle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gamez
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Toxicology, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques INERIS, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.|Peritox Laboratoire de Périnatalité & Risques Toxiques UMR-I-01 Unité mixte INERIS, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.
authors.forename: Brahim
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Selmaoui
keywords: electromagnetic fields; idiopathic environmental intolerance; marker; melatonin; saliva; urine