title: Cornuside inhibits mast cell-mediated allergic response by down-regulating MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study is to investigate the effect of cornuside on mast cell-mediated allergic response, as well as its possible mechanisms of action.
  
  
  METHODS
  To test the anti-allergic effects of cornuside in vivo, local extravasation was induced by local injection of anti-dinitrophenyl immunoglobulin E (IgE) followed by intravenous antigenic challenge in passive cutaneous anaphylaxis model rats. Mast cell viability was determined using MTT assay. Histamine content from rat peritoneal mast cells was measured by the radioenzymatic method. To investigate the mechanisms by which cornuside affects the reduction of histamine release, the levels of calcium uptake were measured. To examine whether cornuside affects the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, Western blotting and ELISA were carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oral administration of cornuside inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats. Presence of cornuside attenuated IgE-induced histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells. The inhibitory effect of cornuside on histamine release was mediated by the modulation of intracellular calcium. In addition, cornuside decreased phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore A23187-stimulated production and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6 in human mast cells. The inhibitory effect of cornuside on pro-inflammatory cytokines was dependent on nuclear factor-κB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study provides evidence that cornuside inhibits mast cell-derived inflammatory allergic reactions by blocking histamine release and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Furthermore, in vivo and in vitro anti-allergic effects of cornuside suggest a possible therapeutic application of this agent in inflammatory allergic diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, PR China.
authors.forename: Liangchang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Yanbian University Hospital, Medicine College, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133000, PR China.
authors.forename: Guangyu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, PR China.
authors.forename: Jingzhi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, PR China.
authors.forename: Mingyu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, PR China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology & Cancer Research Center, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, 133002, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhenhua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, PR China.
authors.forename: Guangzhao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: why76@jbnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yunho
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, PR China. Electronic address: ghyan2015@sina.com.
authors.forename: Guanghai
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006636:Histamine Release / Q000187:drug effects; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000276:immunology; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000276:immunology*; D011714:Pyrans / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005960:Glucosides; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011714:Pyrans; C080726:cornuside
keywords: Allergic response; Calcium; Histamine; Mast cell; NF-κB; Sesamin