title: Procedure optimization for extracting short-chain fatty acids from human faeces.
abstract: Short-chain fatty acids play an important role in the physiology and metabolism of the colon. Disturbed balance of such compounds in human gut can significantly contribute to etiological factors of various gastrointestinal disorders and it may also increase the risk of developing cancer or cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to select the optimal parameters for acetic, propionic and butyric acids extraction from stool samples. The experimental conditions were optimized with respect to the solvent sample shacking time, sample ultrasounds (Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction, UAE) exposure time and the number of extractions from the particulate stool samples. The screening of experimental parameters was conducted with fractional factorial design of experiments, namely 3(3-1). The optimal conditions for UAE were found, namely ultrasound digestion time of 40 min (at 35°C), shaking time of 4 min, and the three subsequent extractions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College Jagiellonian University, 30-688 Kraków, Medyczna 9, Poland.
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dobrowolska Iwanek
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College Jagiellonian University, 30-688 Kraków, Medyczna 9, Poland; Department of Nuclear Physical Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Scienece, 31-142 Kraków, Radzikowskiego 152, Poland.
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zagrodzki
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Forensic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-060, Ingardena 3, Poland.
authors.forename: Michał
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Woźniakiewicz
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Forensic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 30-060, Ingardena 3, Poland.
authors.forename: Aneta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Woźniakiewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical College Jagiellonian University, 31-501 Kraków, Śniadeckich 5, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zwolińska Wcisło
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College Jagiellonian University, 30-688 Kraków, Medyczna 9, Poland.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Winnicka
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College Jagiellonian University, 30-688 Kraków, Medyczna 9, Poland; Faculty of Health and Medical Science, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Kraków University, 30-705, Herlinga-Grudzińskiego 1, Poland. Electronic address: paskopaw@poczta.fm.
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Paśko
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile
keywords: Extraction; Optimization; Short-chain fatty acids; Stool