title: Molecular identification of Anisakis and Hysterothylacium larvae in commercial cephalopods from the Spanish Mediterranean coast.
abstract: This study aims to investigate the occurrence of nematode larvae in commercial cephalopods in the Western Mediterranean Sea. A total of 202 animals comprising 123 broadtail shortfin squid (Illex coindetii), 34 European squid (Loligo vulgaris) and 45 common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) were examined using enzymatic digestion. A total of 31 larvae were isolated (prevalence: 14.6%) and identified using molecular analyses which included PCR and sequencing of the ITS (ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2) region. Phylogenetic tree inferred from ITS sequences yielded supported relationships for Anisakis (P: 12.2%) and Hysterothylacium species (P: 4.1%). All parasites were found parasitizing I. coindetii and, as expected, A. pegreffii presented the highest prevalence (11.4%). A. physeteris was also found with a lower prevalence (1.6%) but confirming the role of the broadtail shortfin squid as paratenic host and, its potential host for anisakidosis transmission. A hybrid larva between Anisakis simplex and A. pegreffi was also identified. All Anisakis larvae were found within the visceral cavity; in contrast most of the Hysterothylacium larvae were isolated from the mantle. A significant correlation was found between total nematode prevalence and depth, explained by the presence of larger broadtail shortfin squids inhabiting deeper depths. Therefore, the results obtained in the present study improve the knowledge of the occurrence of Anisakis and Hysterothylacium species in the I. coindetii from the Spanish Mediterranean Sea highlighting the importance of considering I. coindetii as a potential hazard for humans if it is consumed raw or not well cooked and the need of further research in other cephalopods.
authors.affiliation: Dpto. Sanidad Animal, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; Campus de Excelencia Internacional Regional "Campus Mare Nostrum", Spain.
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Picó-Durán
authors.affiliation: Dpto. Sanidad Animal, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; Campus de Excelencia Internacional Regional "Campus Mare Nostrum", Spain.
authors.forename: Lorena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pulleiro-Potel
authors.affiliation: Centro Tecnológico del Mar, Eduardo Cabello s/n, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
authors.forename: Elvira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Abollo
authors.affiliation: Ecobiomar, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas de Vigo. CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pascual
authors.affiliation: Dpto. Sanidad Animal, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; Campus de Excelencia Internacional Regional "Campus Mare Nostrum", Spain. Electronic address: pilarmun@um.es.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Muñoz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017163:Anisakis / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D001199:Ascaridoidea / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D049830:Cephalopoda / Q000469:parasitology*; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D007814:Larva; D008522:Mediterranean Sea; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer
keywords: Anisakis; Cephalopods; Hybrid; Hysterothylacium; Mediterranean sea; Nematodes