title: Characterization of the Migration of Hop Volatiles into Different Crown Cork Liner Polymers and Can Coatings.
abstract: Absorption of hop volatiles by crown cork liner polymers and can coatings was investigated in beer during storage. All hop volatiles measured were prone to migrate into the closures, and the absorption kinetics was demonstrated to fit Fick's second law of diffusion well for a plane sheet. The extent and rate of diffusion were significantly dissimilar and were greatly dependent upon the nature of the volatile. Diffusion coefficients ranged from 1.32 × 10(-5) cm(2)/day (limonene) to 0.26 × 10(-5) cm(2)/day (α-humulene). The maximum amounts absorbed into the material at equilibrium were in the following order: limonene > α-humulene > trans-caryophyllene > myrcene ≫ linalool > α-terpineol > geraniol. With the application of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) liners with oxygen-scavenging functionality, oxygen-barrier liners made up from high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or liner polymers from a different manufacturer had no significant effect on the composition of hop volatiles in beers after prolonged storage of 55 days; however, significantly higher amounts of myrcene and limonene were found in the oxygen-barrier-type crown cork, while all other closures behaved similarly. Can coatings were demonstrated to absorb hop volatiles in a similar pattern as crown corks but to a lesser extent. Consequently, significantly higher percentages of myrcene were found in the beers.
authors.affiliation: Chair of Brewing Science, Department of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin , Seestraße 13, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Philip C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Wietstock
authors.affiliation: Chair of Brewing Science, Department of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin , Seestraße 13, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Glattfelder
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Hochschule Neubrandenburg , Brodaer Straße 2, 17033 Neubrandenburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Leif-Alexander
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Garbe
authors.affiliation: Chair of Brewing Science, Department of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin , Seestraße 13, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Frank-Jürgen
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Methner
mesh_terms: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000475:Alkenes; D001515:Beer / Q000032:analysis; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D027582:Humulus / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077222:Limonene; D000081222:Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D020959:Polyethylene; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D013729:Terpenes / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000475:Alkenes; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D000081222:Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D011108:Polymers; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D013729:Terpenes; C016775:alpha-terpineol; C509595:myrcene; C042686:humulene; D020959:Polyethylene; D000077222:Limonene; C024714:caryophyllene; C018584:linalool; C007836:geraniol
keywords: can coatings; crown cork liner polymers; hop aroma; hop volatiles; scalping