title: Reprogramming of hepatic fat accumulation and 'browning' of adipose tissue by the short-chain fatty acid acetate.
abstract: Short-chain fatty acids, produced by microbiome fermentation of carbohydrates, have been linked to a reduction in appetite, body weight and adiposity. However, determining the contribution of central and peripheral mechanisms to these effects has not been possible.
  
  
  
  C57BL/6 mice fed with either normal or high-fat diet were treated with nanoparticle-delivered acetate, and the effects on metabolism were investigated.
  
  
  
  In the liver, acetate decreased lipid accumulation and improved hepatic function, as well as increasing mitochondrial efficiency. In white adipose tissue, it inhibited lipolysis and induced 'browning', increasing thermogenic capacity that led to a reduction in body adiposity.
  
  
  
  This study provides novel insights into the peripheral mechanism of action of acetate, independent of central action, including 'browning' and enhancement of hepatic mitochondrial function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, UK.|Nutrition and Dietetic Research Group, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sahuri-Arisoylu
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Dietetic Research Group, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Brody
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, UK.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Parkinson
authors.affiliation: CR-UK Clinical MR Research Group, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, UK.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Parkes
authors.affiliation: Cellular Stress Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Navaratnam
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, UK.
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Dietetic Research Group, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Frost
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, UK.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Bell
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D052437:Adipocytes, Brown / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D019342:Acetic Acid