title: Multiple Layers of Stress-Induced Regulation in tRNA Biology.
abstract: tRNAs are the fundamental components of the translation machinery as they deliver amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis. Beyond their essential function in translation, tRNAs also function in regulating gene expression, modulating apoptosis and several other biological processes. There are multiple layers of regulatory mechanisms in each step of tRNA biogenesis. For example, tRNA 3' trailer processing is altered upon nutrient stress; tRNA modification is reprogrammed under various stresses; nuclear accumulation of tRNAs occurs upon nutrient deprivation; tRNA halves accumulate upon oxidative stress. Here we address how environmental stresses can affect nearly every step of tRNA biology and we describe the possible regulatory mechanisms that influence the function or expression of tRNAs under stress conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Indiana University, 915 E third St., Myers 300, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA. hh24@indiana.edu.
authors.forename: Hsiao-Yun
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics and Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. hopper.64@osu.edu.
authors.forename: Anita K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Hopper
keywords: tRNA fragments; tRNA modification; tRNA processing; tRNA subcellular dynamics