title: Recommendations and practice of healthy behaviors among patients with diagnosis and diabetes in Brazil: National Health Survey (PNS), 2013.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze healthy life style recommendations given in health care and the adoption of healthy behaviors among hypertension and diabetes patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the recommendations according to the place of the last health care visit (primary health care, other public facilities, and private health care facilities). The effects of having a diagnosis of hypertension or diabetes on the adoption of healthy practices were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression models, using sex, age, and educational level as control variables, and the following outcomes: current use of tobacco products; regular physical activity during leisure time; recommended intake of fruits and vegetables; perception of low salt intake; frequent consumption of sweets; and excessive alcohol consumption.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Approximately 88% of hypertension patients received recommendations to have a healthy diet, 91% to eat less salt, 83% to practice regular physical activity, and 76% to not to smoke. Among diabetic patients, all recommendations related to nutrition were very frequent, reaching 95% for the habit of having fruits and vegetables regularly. The effect of having a diagnosis of hypertension was significant for non-use of tobacco products and perception of low salt intake. The diagnosis of diabetes mainly influenced the habit of not consuming sweets often.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results evidenced that people with diagnosis of hypertension and diabetes give priority to not use (stop) harmful health behaviors than to adopt practices that will bring benefits to their health. It is necessary to promote not only the adverse effects of harmful habits, but also the benefits of healthy behaviors to aging well.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Celia Landmann
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Szwarcwald
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Roberto Borges
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: de Souza Júnior
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Giseli Nogueira
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Damacena
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Wanessa da Silva
authors.initials: Wda S
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
authors.forename: Deborah Carvalho
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Malta
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sheila Rizzato
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Stopa
authors.affiliation: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maria Lúcia França Pontes
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.affiliation: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
authors.forename: Cimar Azeredo
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Pereira
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus; D015438:Health Behavior; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension