title: [Role of fractalkine/CX3CL1 and its receptor CX3CR1 in allergic diseases].
abstract: Allergic asthma and atopic dermatitis are diseases mainly resulting from the activation of Th2 cells, that produce cytokines favouring IgE production and eosinophilia but also of Th1 cells, that contribute to inflammation chronicity. Lymphocyte recruitment and retention of Th cells in target organs are 2 key events for asthma and atopic dermatitis pathogenesis. While lymphocyte migration is regulated by chemokines and lipid mediators such as leukotrienes and prostaglandins, factors involved in lymphocyte retention and survival within inflammatory tissues remain poorly understood. Recent works show that, in allergic diseases, there is an increased expression of fractalkine/CX3CL1 and its unique receptor CX3CR1 and that this chemokine does not act as chemoattractant. In allergic asthma, CX3CR1 expression regulates Th2 and Th1 cell survival in the inflammatory lung, while, in atopic dermatitis, it regulate Th2 and Th1 cell retention into the inflammatory site. Use of peptides blocking fractalkine binding to its receptor is currently tested in the treatment of asthma and atopic dermatitis.
authors.affiliation: CNRS, Inserm, université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, institut de pharmacologie moléculaire et cellulaire, 660, route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France.
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Julia
authors.affiliation: Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, European genomic institute of diabetes, institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011 - récepteurs nucléaires, maladies cardiovasculaires et diabète, 59000 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Staumont-Salle
authors.affiliation: Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, European genomic institute of diabetes, institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011 - récepteurs nucléaires, maladies cardiovasculaires et diabète, 59000 Lille, France.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dombrowicz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000073883:CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000235:genetics; D054428:Chemokine CX3CL1 / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000502:physiology*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D000073883:CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1; C515538:CX3CL1 protein, human; C095235:CX3CR1 protein, human; D054428:Chemokine CX3CL1; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine