title: Possible biomarkers modulating haloperidol efficacy and/or tolerability.
abstract: Haloperidol (HP) is widely used in the treatment of several forms of psychosis. Despite of its efficacy, HP use is a cause of concern for the elevated risk of adverse drug reactions. adverse drug reactions risk and HP efficacy greatly vary across subjects, indicating the involvement of several factors in HP mechanism of action. The use of biomarkers that could monitor or even predict HP treatment impact would be of extreme importance. We reviewed the elements that could potentially be used as peripheral biomarkers of HP effectiveness. Although a validated biomarker still does not exist, we underlined the several potential findings (e.g., about cytokines, HP metabolites and genotypic biomarkers) which could pave the way for future research on HP biomarkers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical & NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Porcelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science & Morphological & Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Concetta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Crisafulli
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science & Morphological & Functional Images, University of Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calabrò
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical & NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Serretti
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rujescu
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005838:Genotype; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006220:Haloperidol
keywords: cytokines; genetics; haloperidol; metabolites; peripheral biomarkers