title: In Vitro Assessment Reveals Parameters-Dependent Modulation on Excitability and Functional Connectivity of Cerebellar Slice by Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation.
abstract: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an increasingly common technique used to selectively modify neural excitability and plasticity. There is still controversy concerning the cortical response to rTMS of different frequencies. In this study, a novel in vitro paradigm utilizing the Multi-Electrodes Array (MEA) system and acute cerebellar slicing is described. In a controllable environment that comprises perfusion, incubation, recording and stimulation modules, the spontaneous single-unit spiking activity in response to rTMS of different frequencies and powers was directly measured and analyzed. Investigation using this in vitro paradigm revealed frequency-dependent modulation upon the excitability and functional connectivity of cerebellar slices. The 1-Hz rTMS sessions induced short-term inhibition or lagged inhibition, whereas 20-Hz sessions induced excitation. The level of modulation is influenced by the value of power. However the long-term response fluctuated without persistent direction. The choice of evaluation method may also interfere with the interpretation of modulation direction. Furthermore, both short-term and long-term functional connectivity was strengthened by 1-Hz rTMS and weakened by 20-Hz rTMS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
authors.forename: Rongyu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Guanghao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
authors.forename: Xiechuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
authors.forename: Yiran
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
authors.forename: Yuwei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
authors.forename: Xiaobo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
authors.forename: Qiuxia
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
authors.forename: Changyong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000502:physiology*; D063132:Connectome; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation