title: Psychosocial Work Conditions and Burnout Among Brazilian Bank Employees: A Cross-Sectional Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Changes in the modern economy have affected the financial sector. Time pressures, excessive work demands, and job stress are frequent concerns among bank employees, which might predispose them to burnout symptoms. The objective of the present study was to investigate the association between burnout symptoms and exposure to psychosocial work conditions in bank employees.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study of 1046 bank employees was carried out in Pará and Amapá, northern Brazil. We applied a self-administered questionnaire evaluating socio-demographic characteristics, burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory), and two job stress models (Demand-Control-Support and Effort-Reward Imbalance). Two levels of burnout symptoms were analysed: moderate level of burnout (MLB) and high level of burnout (HLB). Logistic regression models were used to estimate associations between the two levels of burnout and the two stress models, controlling for relevant covariates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of burnout was 71.8% (31.1% for HLB; 40.7% for MLB), regardless of gender. Exposure to adverse psychosocial conditions in the workplace, such as high strain, low social support at work, high effort/low reward, and over commitment showed strong association with HLB and MLB, and these associations were independent of age, gender, and other occupational characteristics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that psychosocial conditions in the financial sector involving high strain, low social support at work, high effort/low reward, and over commitment represent possible risk factors for moderate and HLB symptoms in bank employees.
authors.affiliation: 1.Department of Preventive Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; 2.Department of Community Health, State University of Pará, Belém, Brazil; xmarival@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Maria do Socorro da Silva
authors.initials: Mdo S
authors.lastname: Valente
authors.affiliation: 3.Institute of Social Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;
authors.forename: Cláudia S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.affiliation: 4.Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, Spain; 5.CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pastor-Valero
authors.affiliation: 1.Department of Preventive Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;
authors.forename: Paulo Rossi
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Menezes
mesh_terms: D000066:Accounting; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil; D002055:Burnout, Professional / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017132:Workplace; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: burnout; cross-sectional studies; occupational health; psychological stress; working conditions; working environment