title: A review of occupational physical activity and sedentary behaviour correlates.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Physical activity reduces the risk of morbidity and high sedentary time may be associated with negative health outcomes. The workplace offers an arena to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary time, but existing workplace-based interventions have typically yielded small effects.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To collate the literature on correlates of occupational physical activity and sedentary behaviour and to inform future novel approaches to workplace-based intervention or policy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Systematic literature searches were conducted in December 2014 using multiple databases. Identified papers were screened against an inclusion criterion. Papers were deemed eligible for this review if they included occupational physical activity and sedentary behaviour as an outcome, were quantitative observational studies and included an adult working population. Identified correlates of occupational physical activity and sedentary behaviour were organized into levels of the socioecological model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty studies met the inclusion criterion. A higher number of studies included only occupational physical activity, not sedentary time, as an outcome and were carried out in the USA and Australia. The review identified that white-collar workers are at greater risk of low occupational physical activity and high sedentary time. The majority of correlates found to be associated with occupational physical activity and sedentary time were intrapersonal and non-modifiable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intervention efforts to increase occupational physical activity and reduce sedentary time may be most effective when targeted at white-collar workers. Research is needed to identify additional modifiable correlates of occupational physical activity and sedentary behaviour, in white-collar workers.
authors.affiliation: Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK, lee.smith@ucl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: McCourt
authors.affiliation: Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sawyer
authors.affiliation: UCL, Bartlett Faculty of the Built Environment, London NW1 2BX, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ucci
authors.affiliation: UCL, Bartlett Faculty of the Built Environment, London NW1 2BX, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marmot
authors.affiliation: Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wardle
authors.affiliation: Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fisher
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008297:Male; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016272:Occupational Health; D009790:Occupations; D011050:Policy Making; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012931:Social Environment; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D017132:Workplace
keywords: Occupation; physical activity; review; sedentary behaviour; socioecological correlates.