title: "ROCAMBOLE-LIKE" BICEPS TENODESIS: TECHNIQUE AND RESULTS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present a new technique for bicipital tenodesis and its results: accomplished partially via arthroscopy and grounded in concepts of the normal and pathological anatomy of the tendon of the biceps long head. It is based on the predisposition of this tendon towards becoming attached to the intertubercular sulcus after rupture or tenotomy (auto-tenodesis).
  
  
  METHODS
  Evaluations were conducted on 63 patients (63 shoulders), aged from 32 to 77 years (average 55), consisting of 32 females (51%) and 31 males (49%). Thirty-five of the patients (55.6%) were over 60 years of age and 28 patients (44.4%) were under 60 years of age. Eighteen were sports participants (28.6%). Fourteen had injuries associated with the subscapularis (22.2%). The average follow up was 43 months (ranging from 12 to 74 months). The right shoulder accounted for 48 cases (76.2%), of which one was a left-handed individual and 47 were right-handed. The left shoulder accounted for 15 (23%) of the patients, of whom two were left-handed and 13 were right-handed. There were no bilateral occurrences. The statistical analysis were done using SPSS version 18. Pearson's chi-square test and continuity corrections were used to investigate the statistical significance of associations between variables. Associations were taken to be statistically significant when p was less than 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Residual Popeye deformity was perceived by seven patients (11.1%); it was only observed by the examiner in 15 cases (23.8%); and neither the patient nor the examiner observed it in 41 cases (65%). There were no statistically valid influences from age, participation in contact or throwing sports, subscapularis tendon-associated injury or Popeye deformity. Fifty-eight patients (92.06%) were satisfied, two patients were dissatisfied (3.17%) and three patients were indifferent (4.76%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The technique presented high patient satisfaction rates (92.06%) and residual deformity was perceived by 11.1% of the patients. The appearance did not have any statistically valid correlation with ages over or under 60 years (p = 0.883), sports practice (p = 0.195) or subscapularis-associated injury (p = 0.958).
authors.affiliation: Head Surgeon of the Shoulder Group of the Lifecenter, Belo Horizonte and Clínica Ortopédico-BH hospitals - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Glaydson Gomes
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Godinho
authors.affiliation: Third-year Resident of Hospital Belo Horizonte - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabrício Augusto Silva
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Mesquita
authors.affiliation: Surgeon of the Shoulder Group, Hospital Lifecenter and Clínica Ortopédico-BH - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávio de Oliveira
authors.initials: Fde O
authors.lastname: França
authors.affiliation: Surgeon of the Shoulder Group, Hospital Lifecenter and Clínica Ortopédico-BH - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Márcio Alves
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Freitas
keywords: Arthroscopy; Shoulder/injuries; Shoulder/surgery