title: [Autophagy in T and B cell homeostasis: recycling for sustainable growth].
abstract: Macroautophagy often abbreviated by "autophagy" is an intracellular degradation mechanism linked to lysosomal activity. Autophagy is conserved from yeast to mammals and plays a role in the response to energetic stress and in organelle homeostasis. Autophagy is also involved in the regulation of immunity, in particular in the adaptive immune response, which involves B and T lymphocytes. It was indeed shown that autophagy impacts the development of B and T cells as well as the education of T cells in the thymus. Autophagy also modulates activation, survival and polarization of T cells. It plays a role in antigen presentation by B cells, and in their TLR-mediated activation, and thus likely in their initial activation. Finally, autophagy is required for the survival of memory lymphocytes and effector cells like antibody-producing plasma cells. Interestingly, autophagy is deregulated in several autoimmune pathologies. The modulation of this phenomenon could possibly lead to new treatments aiming at limiting lymphocyte activation driving these pathologies.
authors.affiliation: CNRS, immunopathologie et chimie thérapeutique, laboratoire d'excellence MEDALIS, institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire, 15, rue Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.affiliation: CNRS, immunopathologie et chimie thérapeutique, laboratoire d'excellence MEDALIS, institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire, 15, rue Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Murera
authors.affiliation: CNRS, immunopathologie et chimie thérapeutique, laboratoire d'excellence MEDALIS, institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire, 15, rue Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Florent
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Arbogast
authors.affiliation: CNRS, immunopathologie et chimie thérapeutique, laboratoire d'excellence MEDALIS, institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire, 15, rue Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg, France - Université de Strasbourg, institut d'études avancées (USIAS), Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Sylviane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.affiliation: CNRS, immunopathologie et chimie thérapeutique, laboratoire d'excellence MEDALIS, institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire, 15, rue Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg, France - Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gros
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy / Q000502:physiology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology*