title: Fine mapping and candidate gene analysis of an anthocyanin-rich gene, BnaA.PL1, conferring purple leaves in Brassica napus L.
abstract: Because of the advantages of anthocyanins, the genetics and breeding of crops rich in anthocyanins has become a hot research topic. However, due to the lack of anthocyanin-related mutants, no regulatory genes have been mapped in Brassica napus. In this study, we first report the characterization of a B. napus line with purple leaves and the fine mapping and candidate screening of the BnaA.PL1 gene. The amount of anthocyanins in the purple leaf line was six times higher than that in a green leaf line. A genetic analysis indicated that the purple character was controlled by an incomplete dominant gene. Through map-based cloning, we localized the BnaA.PL1 gene to a 99-kb region at the end of B. napus chromosome A03. Transcriptional analysis of 11 genes located in the target region revealed that the expression level of only the BnAPR2 gene in seedling leaves decreased from purple to reddish green to green individuals, a finding that was consistent with the measured anthocyanin accumulation levels. Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of BnAPR2 showed that the purple individual-derived allele contained 17 variants. Markers co-segregating with BnaA.PL1 were developed from the sequence of BnAPR2 and were validated in the BC4P2 population. These results suggested that BnAPR2, which encodes adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate reductase, is likely to be a valuable candidate gene. This work may lay the foundation for the marker-assisted selection of B. napus vegetables that are rich in anthocyanins and for an improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling anthocyanin accumulation in Brassica.
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Sub-center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.|College of Yingdong Agricultural Science and Engineering, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, 512005, China.
authors.forename: Haibo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Sub-center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Lixia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Sub-center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Gaigai
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Sub-center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Shuangping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heng
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Sub-center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Sub-center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Chaozhi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Sub-center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Jinxiong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Sub-center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Jinxing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Sub-center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Tingdong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Sub-center of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. wenjing@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wen
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D029688:Brassica napus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002874:Chromosome Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D010940:Plant Proteins
keywords: Anthocyanin-rich mutant; Brassica napus; Fine mapping; Purple leaf trait