title: Bacteriological Profile of Neonatal Sepsis in Neonatal Intermediate Care Unit of Central Paediatric Referral Hospital in Nepal.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sepsis is one of the leading causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Because of difference in local epidemiology and possible variation with time, regular monitoring and updates on pathogen and their antimicrobial sensitivity pattern is important for prevention and treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective descriptive study was carried out among cases of neonatal sepsis admitted in neonatal intermediate care unit of Kanti Children's hospital from August 2014 to August 2015. The data was collected from medical records of neonatal intermediate care unit and microbiology department and analyzed using SPSS version 20.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 644 admissions, among which 210 (32%)were suspected of having neonatal sepsis. Thirty(14%) of the suspected cases had positive blood culture. Proportions of late and early onset were 25 (83.3%) and 5(17.7%) respectively.In blood culture Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism(80%),followed by Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (6.66%), Acinetobacter (6.66%), Enterobacter species(3.33%) and Morgonellamorgoni (3.33.5%).Gram positive organisms were isolated in all cases of early onset sepsis and in 84% of late onset sepsis. Most of the isolated organisms showed sensitivity to amikacin, cloxacillin, ciprofloxacin and vancomycin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study has indicated possible emergence of Staphylococcus aureus as the dominant cause of neonatal sepsis. Cloxacillin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin have high proportion of efficacy against the commonly isolated bacteria in neonatal sepsis.
authors.affiliation: National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Chapagain
authors.affiliation: Kanti Children's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Acharya
authors.affiliation: Kanti Children's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shrestha
authors.affiliation: Kanti Children's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Giri
authors.affiliation: Kanti Children's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Bagale
authors.affiliation: Kanti Children's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kayastha
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009390:Nepal / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Neonatal sepsis; drug sensitivity; risk factor.