title: Preeclampsia: Long-term effects on pediatric disability.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Preeclampsia affects up to 10% of pregnancies worldwide and is one of the main causes of fetal morbidity and mortality. Although it has been linked to developmental delay, its long-term effects on neurologic development in children have yet to be sufficiently quantified.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether preeclampsia's severity and its obstetric management correlate to the degree of disability in these infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is an observational and descriptive study performed on a population of 96 women who were diagnosed with preeclampsia at Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón between 2007 and 2014, and their 111 children. To evaluate the mother, we gathered data pertaining to her medical history, renal function markers, and medical management of the preeclampsia. To assess the children, we collected fetal growth measurements, acute fetal distress markers and main diagnoses at birth. We used the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory in its computerized adaptive test version (PEDI-CAT) to study performance in the relevant areas, and the TNO-AZL Preschool children Quality of Life (TAPQOL) to estimate health-related quality of life.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PEDI-CAT percentiles were consistently lower in the social/cognitive domain than in other areas. Lower social/cognitive percentiles were associated to both lower maternal IgG levels and presence of necrotizing enterocolitis during the neonatal period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A connection between preeclampsia and poor social/cognitive outcomes exists that warrants further research.
authors.affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nicolás
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Service, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: P Rodríguez
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Benítez
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Rehabilitation Service, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M O Arroyo
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Riaño
authors.affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: L Matesanz
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Canencia
authors.affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mercurio
authors.affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M Silva
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.affiliation: Neonatology Service, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M Sánchez
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Luna
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Service, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: A Tejedor
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Jorge
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D019988:Children with Disabilities; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D011594:Psychometrics; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: PEDI-CAT; Quality of life; TAPQOL; autism spectrum disorders; cognitive delay; gut microbiome; immunoglobulin G; necrotizing enterocolitis; social functioning