title: The Chromatin Remodelling Enzymes SNF2H and SNF2L Position Nucleosomes adjacent to CTCF and Other Transcription Factors.
abstract: Within the genomes of metazoans, nucleosomes are highly organised adjacent to the binding sites for a subset of transcription factors. Here we have sought to investigate which chromatin remodelling enzymes are responsible for this. We find that the ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling enzyme SNF2H plays a major role organising arrays of nucleosomes adjacent to the binding sites for the architectural transcription factor CTCF sites and acts to promote CTCF binding. At many other factor binding sites SNF2H and the related enzyme SNF2L contribute to nucleosome organisation. The action of SNF2H at CTCF sites is functionally important as depletion of CTCF or SNF2H affects transcription of a common group of genes. This suggests that chromatin remodelling ATPase's most closely related to the Drosophila ISWI protein contribute to the function of many human gene regulatory elements.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wiechens
authors.affiliation: Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Vijender
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Triantaffyllos
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gkikopoulos
authors.affiliation: Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.|Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Pieta
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schofield
authors.affiliation: Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Owen-Hughes
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D000076246:CCCTC-Binding Factor; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly / Q000235:genetics; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004330:Drosophila; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D000076246:CCCTC-Binding Factor; C000619697:CTCF protein, human; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C086468:ISWI protein; D009707:Nucleosomes; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C499336:SMARCA1 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; C409462:SMARCA5 protein, human