title: Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of lidocaine in kainic acid-injected rats.
abstract: Lidocaine, the most commonly used local anesthetic, inhibits glutamate release from nerve terminals. Given the involvement of glutamate neurotoxicity in the pathogenesis of various neurological disorders, this study investigated the role of lidocaine in hippocampal neuronal death and inflammatory events induced by an i.p. injection of kainic acid (KA) (15 mg/kg), a glutamate analog. The results showed that KA significantly led to neuronal death in the CA3 pyramidal layers of the hippocampus and this effect was attenuated by the systemic administration of lidocaine (0.8 or 4 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min before KA injection. Moreover, KA-induced microglia activation and gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines, namely, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, in the hippocampus were reduced by the lidocaine pretreatment. Altogether, the results suggest that lidocaine can effectively treat glutamate excitotoxicity-related brain disorders.
authors.affiliation: aCardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery bDepartment of Anesthesiology, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital cDepartment of Nursing, Oriental Institute of Technology dDepartment of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital eGraduate Institute of Basic Medicine fSchool of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City gDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuan Ming
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Cheng Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Ming Yi
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ming Jiuh
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tzu Yu
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Su Jane
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D056654:CA3 Region, Hippocampal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000378:metabolism; D007608:Kainic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D017628:Microglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D008012:Lidocaine; D007608:Kainic Acid