title: Comparative Studies on the Stenogamous and Eurygamous Behavior of Eight Anopheles Species of the Hyrcanus Group (Diptera: Culicidae) in Thailand.
abstract: Establishment of laboratory colony is essential for mosquito-borne-disease research. Mating behavior of stenogamous Anopheles peditaeniatus and seven eurygamous species (Anopheles argyropus, Anopheles crawfordi, Anopheles nigerrimus, Anopheles nitidus, Anopheles paraliae (=An. lesteri), Anopheles pursati and Anopheles sinensis), were investigated and compared in this study. The self-mating success of adult mosquitoes in different size cages at two density resting surface (DRS) values, 3.6 and 7.2, was statistically significant between stenogamous and eurygamous species. The results obtained from comparative measurements of specific characters in adult females (maxillary palpomere and antennal sensilla characters) and males (wing and genitalia) indicate those characters might influence the mating success of An. peditaeniatus in a small cage. The gonostylus of An. peditaeniatus was shorter than the eurygamous species. Additionally, the lower frequency of clasper movement and shorter mating time could be important mechanisms that control the stenogamous behavior of An. peditaeniatus. Interestingly, for the first time, a cluster of large sensilla coeloconica was recorded on the antenna of An. argyropus and An. peditaeniatus females. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean number per female of those large antennal sensilla coeloconica among six of the eurygamous species.
authors.affiliation: Office of Disease Prevention and Control, 1st, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. adulsakw@gmail.com.|Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. adulsakw@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Adulsak
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wijit
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. kritsana_taai@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Kritsana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taai
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. watchratip@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Watcharatip
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dedkhad
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. chayanit.hem@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Chayanit
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hempolchom
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Science (Establishment Project), Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand. sorawat_ton@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Sorawat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thongsahuan
authors.affiliation: Entomology Section, Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, P.O. Box 7, Chiang Mai 50180, Thailand. wsrisuka@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Wichai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Srisuka
authors.affiliation: Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8580, Japan. yotsuka@cpi.kagoshima-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Science Research, Research Promotion Institute, Oita University, Hasama, Oita 879-5593, Japan. mfukuda@oita-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Masako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. atisaeung.noi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Atiporn
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saeung
keywords: Anopheles peditaeniatus; density resting surface; male genitalia; mating behavior; self-mating