title: The new workplace II: protocol for a prospective full-panel registry study of work factors, sickness absence, and exit from working life among Norwegian employees.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies on the effects of work factors on absence and disability retirement have only addressed a limited set of factors and little is known about the mechanisms that govern relationships between work exposures and sickness absence/disability retirement. The main aims of the present project are (1) to examine the impact of a comprehensive set of psychological, social, organizational, and mechanical work factors work factors on sickness absence and disability retirement, and (2) to identify moderating and mediating variables that determine how and when exposures at the workplace are related to sickness absence and disability retirement.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study design is prospective and based on longitudinal survey data linked to registry data on sickness absence and disability. Altogether 14,501 respondents have given their permission to the linking of their survey questionnaire data to registry data. The project has been approved by the Regional Committees for Medical and Health Research Ethics and has permission from The Norwegian Data Protection Authority. The questionnaire instruments contain psychometrically validated items and inventories on demographic background factors, work exposures, individual dispositions and attitudes, somatic health, mental distress, well-being, lifestyle factors, and work ability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings will have relevance for, and benefit working life and the larger society in a number of ways. Firstly, it will lead to a more knowledge about which work factors that contribute to health, sickness absence, and participation in/exit from the labour force. Secondly, a better understanding of which mediators and moderators that modify and govern these relationships. Both are central to the development of laws and regulations and to any political decision on measures to tackle sickness absence and early retirement.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Occupational Health, PB 8149 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Morten Birkeland
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Occupational Health, PB 8149 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Solveig
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Christiansen
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Occupational Health, PB 8149 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Anne-Marthe Rustad
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Indregard
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Occupational Health, PB 8149 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Jan Shahid
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Emberland
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Occupational Health, PB 8149 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Shahrooz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elka
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Occupational Health, PB 8149 Dep, 0033 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Stein
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Knardahl
keywords: Disability; Health and well-being; Mediators and moderators; Sickness absence; Work exposure