title: Relationships between retinal arteriole anatomy and aortic geometry and function and peripheral resistance in hypertensives.
abstract: Microvascular remodeling and large artery stiffness are key determinants of cardiovascular hemodynamics and can now be studied with new non-invasive methods. Our objective was to study the relationships between retinal arteriole anatomy and aortic geometry and function and peripheral resistance (total peripheral resistance (TPR)) in hypertensives. In 80 subjects (age 52±13 years; 53% males; including 23 normotensives and 57 hypertensives, among which 29 were uncontrolled hypertensives), we used: (1) the new non-invasive RTX1 adaptive optics (AO) camera (Imagine Eyes, Orsay, France) to measure the wall-to-lumen ratio (WLR) on retinal microvasculature; (2) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging to assess aortic stiffness, geometry and cardiac output; and (3) the validated SphymoCor Xcel device to measure central blood pressure (BP) and carotido-femoral pulse wave velocity (Cf-PWV). TPR was calculated as the central mean BP/cardiac output ratio. WLR and TPR were significantly higher and aortic distensibility was significantly lower in hypertensives. Aortic dilation and arch elongation were found in uncontrolled hypertensives. In the univariate analysis, WLR was positively correlated with central BP (P<0.001), TPR (P<0.001) and Cf-PWV (P<0.05), and it was negatively correlated with aortic distensibility (P=0.003); however, it was not correlated with age or cardiovascular risk factors. The multivariate analysis indicated that WLR was associated with TPR (P=0.002) independent of age, BMI, gender, antihypertensive treatments, aortic diameter and central SBP. As expected, age was the major correlate of ascending aorta distensibility and Cf-PWV. New non-invasive vascular imaging methods are complementary for the detection of the deleterious effects of aging or high BP on large and small arteries. AO examination could represent a useful tool for the study and follow-up of microvasculature anatomical changes.
authors.affiliation: Preventive Cardiovascular Unit, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.|Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM 1146, - CNRS 7371, Laboratoire d'imagerie Biomédicale, Paris, France.|Imaging Core Lab, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Paris, France.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rosenbaum
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM 1146, - CNRS 7371, Laboratoire d'imagerie Biomédicale, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Nadjia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kachenoura
authors.affiliation: Unité INSERM 968 Institut de la vision-Centre d'Investigation Clinique 503 Centre Hospitalier National des Quinze-Vingts, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Edouard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.affiliation: Unité INSERM 968 Institut de la vision-Centre d'Investigation Clinique 503 Centre Hospitalier National des Quinze-Vingts, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paques
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM 1146, - CNRS 7371, Laboratoire d'imagerie Biomédicale, Paris, France.|Imaging Core Lab, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Paris, France.|Département d'imagerie cardiovasculaire et de radiologie interventionnelle, Pôle Imagerie-Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cluzel
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM 1146, - CNRS 7371, Laboratoire d'imagerie Biomédicale, Paris, France.|Imaging Core Lab, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Paris, France.|Département d'imagerie cardiovasculaire et de radiologie interventionnelle, Pôle Imagerie-Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Alban
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Redheuil
authors.affiliation: Preventive Cardiovascular Unit, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Girerd
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D001011:Aorta / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D001160:Arterioles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D014655:Vascular Resistance; D059289:Vascular Stiffness