title: Expression of the env gene from the avian endogenous retrovirus ALVE and regulation by miR-155.
abstract: Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are important retroelements that reside in host genomes. However, ERV expression patterns and regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) and MSB1 cells infected with Marek's disease virus (MDV) exhibited significantly increased expression of env from the endogenous retrovirus ALVE. In contrast, env expression was significantly lower in CEF and MSB1 cells infected with exogenous avian leukosis virus J (ALVJ) at the early infection stage. Furthermore, env was found to be ubiquitously expressed in various chicken tissues, with high expression in certain tissues at 2 days of age and low levels in most tissues, including immune organs (thymus, spleen and bursa) as well as the brain and heart, at 35 days of age. Sequence analysis revealed miR-155 target sites in env transcripts, which was verified using a firefly luciferase reporter assay, and treatment with miR-155 agomir significantly decreased levels of env transcripts in MSB1 and CEF cells. Together, these findings suggest that the env gene from the endogenous retrovirus ALVE is regulated by miR-155.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Yangzhou University, No. 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xuming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Yangzhou University, No. 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wenqi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Yangzhou University, No. 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shihao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Yangzhou University, No. 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yangyang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Yangzhou University, No. 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Yangzhou University, No. 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tuoyu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Yangzhou University, No. 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Yangzhou University, No. 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Yangzhou University, No. 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chengyi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Lab for Avian Preventive Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.|Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Aijian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Yangzhou University, No. 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China. hmcui@yzu.edu.cn.|College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China. hmcui@yzu.edu.cn.|Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China. hmcui@yzu.edu.cn.|Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China. hmcui@yzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hengmi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cui
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001353:Avian Leukosis / Q000821:virology; D001354:Avian Leukosis Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002645:Chickens; D020077:Endogenous Retroviruses / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D015752:Genes, env; D025922:Mardivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs