title: Interleukin-11 protects mouse liver from warm ischemia/reperfusion (WI/Rp) injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  IL-11 is a multifunctional cytokine that belongs to the IL-6 family. Previous studies have demonstrated that IL-11 has underlying anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. In this study, we evaluated the potential effects of IL-11 on mouse liver WI/Rp injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  For in vivo experiments, mice were randomly divided into four main experimental groups (n=5 each): (1) normal group - anesthesia; (2) sham group- laparotomy; (3) I/R group- liver WI/Rp; and (4) IL-11 pretreatment (500μg/kg, tail vein injection) group- administration of RhIL-11 2h before liver WI/Rp induced in the same manner as in group 3. For in vitro experiments, cells were divided into two groups: (1) H/R group- H/R; and (2) IL-11 pretreatment group- pretreatment with RhIL-11 (2μg/mL for 12h) before the induction of H/R. For both groups, three periods of reoxygenation were examined (2h, 6h, and 12h).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the in vivo experiments, IL-11 protected mouse livers from WI/Rp by reducing liver enzyme levels and cellular degeneration. In the in vitro experiments, IL-11 significantly reduced hepatocyte apoptosis. In both the in vivo and in vitro experiments, IL-11 pre-treatment significantly reduced the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β. In addition, NF-κB, a target of IL-11, was suppressed in macrophages after IL-11 pre-treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pre-treatment with IL-11 protects mouse livers from WI/Rp injury by suppressing NF-kB activity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Zhiwen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Longwei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, 210029 Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Liyong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.affiliation: Department of Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Road, 210029 Nanjing, China. Electronic address: lbkong@njmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lianbao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kong
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000473:pathology; D017370:Interleukin-11 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D052096:Warm Ischemia
chemical_list: D017370:Interleukin-11; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase