title: Chemical Genetics in Dissecting Membrane Glycerolipid Functions.
abstract: Chemical genetics has emerged as a powerful approach to dissect biological processes, based on the utilization of small molecules disturbing the function of specific target proteins. By analogy with classical genetics, 'reverse chemical genetics' refers to the utilization of drugs acting on a known target, enabling its functional characterization at the levels of the cells, tissues and organisms. Likewise, 'direct chemical genetics' refers to the utilization of a drug of unknown mode of action, but triggering a phenotype of interest. In that case, one has to identify the target(s) possibly blocked (or possibly activated) by the small molecule. This chapter illustrates both approaches, like the analysis of the elongation of fatty acids, the biosynthesis of galactoglycerolipids or the catabolism of phosphoglycerolipids by reverse chemical genetics or the study of the membrane glycerolipid remodeling triggered upon phosphate starvation, by direct chemical genetics.
authors.affiliation: UMR 5168 CNRS-CEA-INRA-Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, iRTSV, CEA-Grenoble, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chevalier
authors.affiliation: UMR 7265 CNRS-CEA-Université Aix-Marseille, Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, iBEB, CEA Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France.
authors.forename: Laura Cuyàs
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Carrera
authors.affiliation: UMR 7265 CNRS-CEA-Université Aix-Marseille, Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementale, iBEB, CEA Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nussaume
authors.affiliation: UMR 5168 CNRS-CEA-INRA-Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, iRTSV, CEA-Grenoble, Grenoble, France. eric.marechal@cea.fr.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maréchal
mesh_terms: D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D008563:Membrane Lipids
keywords: Cerulenin; Diacylglycerol; Galactolipids; Galvestine; Halopemide; Haloxyfop; Phosphate starvation; Phosphatidic acid; Phostatin; Thiolactomycin; Triclosan