title: Lipase cocktail for efficient conversion of oils containing phospholipids to biodiesel.
abstract: The presence of phospholipid has been a challenge in liquid enzymatic biodiesel production. Among six lipases that were screened, lipase AY had the highest hydrolysis activity and a competitive transesterification activity. However, it yielded only 21.1% FAME from oil containing phospholipids. By replacing portions of these lipases with a more robust bioFAME lipase, CalT, the combination of lipase AY-CalT gave the highest FAME yield with the least amounts of free fatty acids and partial glycerides. A higher methanol addition rate reduced FAME yields for lipase DF-CalT and A10D-CalT combinations while that of lipase AY-CalT combination improved. Optimizing the methanol addition rate for lipase AY-CalT resulted in a FAME yield of 88.1% at 2h and more than 95% at 6h. This effective use of lipases could be applied for the rapid and economic conversion of unrefined oils to biodiesel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Jerome
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Amoah
authors.affiliation: Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Shih-Hsin
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: Bio-energy Corporation, Research and Development Laboratory, 2-9-7 Minaminanamatsu, Amagasaki 660-0053, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hama
authors.affiliation: Bio-energy Corporation, Research and Development Laboratory, 2-9-7 Minaminanamatsu, Amagasaki 660-0053, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.affiliation: Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasunuma
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Chiaki
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ogino
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan. Electronic address: akondo@kobe-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kondo
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008049:Lipase / Q000737:chemistry*; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D009821:Oils; D010743:Phospholipids; D008049:Lipase
keywords: Biodiesel; Enzyme biocatalysis; Mixed lipase; Phospholipid; Transesterification