title: Resistin-Like Molecule-β Promotes Invasion and Migration of Gastric Carcinoma Cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Resistin-like molecule-β (RELMβ) is a novel secretory protein from intestinal goblet cells and participates in epithelial differentiation, tumor occurrence, and immune response. RELMβ is absent in normal gastric mucosa but is abundantly expressed in gastric carcinoma tissues, and is correlated with tumor invasion and metastasis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important mechanism governing tumor cell invasion. This study thus investigated the modulation of RELMβ in gastric cancer metastasis and its correlation with EMT.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used RELMβ-low expression AGS cell line of gastric cancer and normal mucosa cell line GES1 as in vitro models, on which RELMβ0-expressing vector was transfected. The invasion and migration of cells were quantified by Transwell assay. EMT-related protein including E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Snail, and Vimentin were detected by Western blotting in transfected AGS cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RELMβ transfection significantly potentiated invasion and migration abilities of AGS cells, whose RELMβ protein level was significantly elevated compared to those in untransfected AGS or GES1 cells. After RELMb transfection, EMT-related proteins, including N-cadherin, Snail, and Vimentin levels, were elevated, but E-cadherin expression was depressed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RELMβ-overexpression can facilitate invasion and migration of gastric carcinoma cells and it increases the expression of EMT-related proteins, such as N-cadherin, Snail, Vimentin, but decreases E-cadherin level, thus promoting the progression of EMT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Chunming
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Xinyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Shengxi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Xiaogang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics*; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000235:genetics; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C486574:RETNLB protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger