title: Hepatitis B and D viruses replication interference: Influence of hepatitis B genotype.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis D virus (HDV) replication interferences in patients with chronic hepatitis delta infected with different HBV genotypes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a transversal study including 68 chronic hepatitis delta (CHD) (37 HIV-positive) patients and a control group of 49 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) (22 HIV-positive) patients. In addition, a dynamic follow-up was performed in 16 CHD patients. In all the samples, the surface antigen of hepatitis B (HBsAg) serum titers were analyzed with the Monolisa HBsAg Ultra system (Bio-Rad), using as quantification standard a serial dilution curve of an international HBsAg standard. Serum HBV-DNA titers were analyzed using the Roche Cobas TaqMan (Roche, Barcelona, Spain), and the serum HDV-RNA using an in-house real-time qRT-PCR method, with TaqMan probes. HBV genotype was determined with the line immunoassay LiPA HBV genotyping system (Innogenetics, Ghent, Belgium). In those patients negative for LiPA assay, a nested PCR method of complete HBsAg coding region, followed by sequence analysis was applied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No differences in the HBV-DNA levels were found in CHB patients infected with different HBV genotypes. However, in CHD patients the HBV-DNA levels were lower in those infected with HBV-A than in those with HBV-D, both in HIV negative [median (IQR): 1.25 (1.00-1.35) vs 2.95 (2.07-3.93) log10 (copies/mL), P = 0.013] and HIV positive patients [2.63 (1.24-2.69) vs 7.25 (4.61-7.55) log10 (copies/mL), P < 0.001]. This was confirmed in the dynamic study of the HBV/HDV patients. These differences induce an under-estimation of HBV-A incidence in patients with CHD analyzed with LiPA assay. Finally, the HBsAg titers reflected no significant differences in CHD patients infected with HBV-A or D.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Viral replication interference between HBV and HDV is HBV-genotype dependent, and more evident in patients infected with HBV-genotype A, than with HBV-D or E.
authors.affiliation: Antonio Madejón, Míriam Romero, Ángela Hernández, Araceli García-Sánchez, Marta Sánchez-Carrillo, Antonio Olveira, Javier García-Samaniego, Hepatology Section, Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Madejón
authors.affiliation: Antonio Madejón, Míriam Romero, Ángela Hernández, Araceli García-Sánchez, Marta Sánchez-Carrillo, Antonio Olveira, Javier García-Samaniego, Hepatology Section, Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Míriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.affiliation: Antonio Madejón, Míriam Romero, Ángela Hernández, Araceli García-Sánchez, Marta Sánchez-Carrillo, Antonio Olveira, Javier García-Samaniego, Hepatology Section, Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ángela
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.affiliation: Antonio Madejón, Míriam Romero, Ángela Hernández, Araceli García-Sánchez, Marta Sánchez-Carrillo, Antonio Olveira, Javier García-Samaniego, Hepatology Section, Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Araceli
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Antonio Madejón, Míriam Romero, Ángela Hernández, Araceli García-Sánchez, Marta Sánchez-Carrillo, Antonio Olveira, Javier García-Samaniego, Hepatology Section, Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Carrillo
authors.affiliation: Antonio Madejón, Míriam Romero, Ángela Hernández, Araceli García-Sánchez, Marta Sánchez-Carrillo, Antonio Olveira, Javier García-Samaniego, Hepatology Section, Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Olveira
authors.affiliation: Antonio Madejón, Míriam Romero, Ángela Hernández, Araceli García-Sánchez, Marta Sánchez-Carrillo, Antonio Olveira, Javier García-Samaniego, Hepatology Section, Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García-Samaniego
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D060085:Coinfection; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology*; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000276:immunology; D019701:Hepatitis D, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology*; D003698:Hepatitis Delta Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D019562:Viral Load; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004279:DNA, Viral; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: Delta hepatitis; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis D virus; Replication interference; Viral replication