title: Effect of whey protein on blood lipid profiles: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
abstract: Previous studies have suggested that whey supplementation may have beneficial effects on lipid profiles, although results were inconsistent. A literature search was performed in March 2015 for randomized controlled trials observing the effects of whey protein and its derivatives on circulating levels of triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). A meta-analysis was subsequently conducted. The meta-analysis results of 13 trials showed that whey supplementation significantly reduced the circulating TG level by 0.11 mmol/l (95% CI: -0.21, 0 mmol/l), whereas the whey protein had no effects on circulating TC (-0.11 mmol/l, 95% CI: -0.27, 0.05 mmol/l), LDL-C (-0.08 mmol/l, 95% CI: -0.23, 0.07 mmol/l) and HDL-C (0.01 mmol/l, 95% CI: -0.04, 0.05 mmol/l). Subgroup analysis showed that significant TG reduction disappeared in participants with low body mass index, low supplemental whey dose or under exercise training/energy restriction during the trial. No evidence of heterogeneity across studies and publication bias was observed. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that the effects of whey protein supplementation were modest, with an overall lowering effect on TG but no effect on TC, LDL-C and HDL-C.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: J-W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.|Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: L-Q
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China.
authors.forename: I M Y
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Szeto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D002149:Energy Intake; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*; D000067816:Whey Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D000067816:Whey Proteins; D002784:Cholesterol