title: p-Coumaric acid, a novel and effective biomarker for quantifying hypoxic stress by HILIC-ESI-MS.
abstract: In this study, we report p-coumaric acid as novel and effective response marker for indirectly measuring the levels of hypoxia in normal primary bronchial epithelial cells. We developed a simple and rapid technique based on hydrophilic interaction chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (HILIC-ESI-MS). During 168h of hypoxia without induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), an almost linear increase of p-coumaric acid levels was observed. We interpret the increasing p-coumaric acid concentrations during hypoxia as a result of cell damage, triggered by reduced co-enzyme Q10 levels, because the oxidative cascade was not able to supply sufficient energy. The HILIC-ESI-MS assay within p-coumaric acid exhibited a linear dynamic range from 60 to 610 ng/μL with correlation coefficient of 0.9998. The precision of the assay was ≤15% RSD and method accuracies between 97 and 108%.
authors.affiliation: INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus B2.2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany. Electronic address: yuliya.silina@leibniz-inm.de.
authors.forename: Yuliya E
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Silina
authors.affiliation: INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fink-Straube
authors.affiliation: INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
authors.forename: Rainer G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Hanselmann
authors.affiliation: INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
authors.forename: Henrike
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Peuschel
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus B2.2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
authors.forename: Dietrich A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Volmer
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000502:physiology*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D011422:Propionates; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000166:cytology; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D015415:Biomarkers; D003373:Coumaric Acids; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D011422:Propionates; D014451:Ubiquinone; C024989:coenzyme Q10; C495469:p-coumaric acid
keywords: Cellular hypoxia; Co-enzyme Q10; HILIC-ESI–MS; ROS; p-Coumaric acid