title: Variables associated with disability in male and female long-term survivors from acute myocardial infarction. Results from the MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry.
abstract: Increasing attention is paid on functional limitations and disability among people with chronic diseases. However, only few studies have explored disability in persons with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The objective of this study was to provide a description of disability and to identify determinants of disability in a population-based sample of long-term AMI survivors. The sample consisted of 1943 persons (35-85years) with AMI from the German population-based MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry, who responded to a postal follow-up survey in 2011. Disability was assessed with the 12-item version of the World Health Organization Disability Schedule (WHODAS). Multivariate linear regression models were established in order to identify socioeconomic and clinical factors, risk factors and comorbidities which are associated with disability. The mean WHODAS score for the total sample was 7.86±9.38. The regression model includes 26 variables that explained 37.2% of the WHODAS variance. Most of the explained variance could be attributed to the presence of depression, female sex, joint disorders, digestive disorders, and stroke. Depression was the most important determinant of disability in both sexes. Replacement of single comorbidities by the total number of comorbidities resulted in a model with 15 variables explaining 31.9% of the WHODAS variance. Most of the variance was explained by the number of comorbidities. Further significant determinants of disability were female sex, low education level, angina pectoris, and no revascularization therapy. In AMI patients, the number of comorbidities and particularly the presence of depression are important determinants of disability and should be considered in post-AMI health care.
authors.affiliation: Central Hospital of Augsburg, MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry, Stenglinstr. 2, D-86156 Augsburg, Germany; Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany. Electronic address: Inge.Kirchberger@helmholtz-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Inge
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kirchberger
authors.affiliation: Central Hospital of Augsburg, MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry, Stenglinstr. 2, D-86156 Augsburg, Germany; Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Margit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heier
authors.affiliation: Central Hospital of Augsburg, MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry, Stenglinstr. 2, D-86156 Augsburg, Germany; Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Amann
authors.affiliation: Hospital of Nördlingen, Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Stoffelsberg 4, 86720 Nördlingen, Germany; Central Hospital of Augsburg, Department of Internal Medicine I - Cardiology, Stenglinstr. 2, D-86156 Augsburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kuch
authors.affiliation: Central Hospital of Augsburg, Department of Internal Medicine I - Cardiology, Stenglinstr. 2, D-86156 Augsburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thilo
authors.affiliation: Central Hospital of Augsburg, MONICA/KORA Myocardial Infarction Registry, Stenglinstr. 2, D-86156 Augsburg, Germany; Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Institute of Epidemiology II, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meisinger
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015897:Comorbidity; D003863:Depression; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors
keywords: Comorbidity; Disability evaluation; Myocardial infarction