title: Polymorphisms in FADS1 and FADS2 alter plasma fatty acids and desaturase levels in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To explore whether plasma fatty acids and SNPs in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary artery disease (CAD).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional study, we utilized gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis and the high-resolution melting method to detect plasma fatty acids and SNPs respectively (rs174537G>T, rs174616C>T, rs174460T>C, and rs174450A>C) in 234 T2D, 200 CAD, 185 T2D&CAD patients, and 253 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that T2D&CAD patients had the highest plasma arachidonic acid, dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid and delta-6 desaturase, and the lowest stearic acid, linolenic acid, and saturated fatty acids; plasma eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid elevated in T2D patients, but significantly reduced in CAD patients. Moreover, T2D patients with rs174537 GG genotype were at risk of developing T2D&CAD (odds ratio (OR) 1.763; 95 % CI 1.143-2.718; p = 0.010), with elevated plasma LDL-cholesterol, arachidonic acid, and delta-6 desaturase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that SNPs in FADS gene (particularly rs174537) associate with plasma fatty acids and desaturase levels in patients with both T2D and CAD, which maybe increases the risk of CAD in diabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169#, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Si-Wei
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169#, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Jie
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, 442000, China.
authors.forename: Huan-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169#, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169#, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169#, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China. smliu@whu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Song-Mei
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000235:genetics*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D012015:Reference Standards; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D005227:Fatty Acids; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; C000716847:FADS1 protein, human; C533241:FADS2 protein, human
keywords: Coronary artery disease (CAD); Desaturase; Fatty acids; Polymorphism(s); Type 2 diabetes (T2D)