title: A black-and-red stick insect from the Philippines - observations on the external anatomy and natural history of a new species of Orthomeria.
abstract: A new stick insect of the genus Orthomeria Kirby, 1904 (Phasmatodea, Aschiphasmatidae) is described from the Philippines. Orthomeria (Orthomeria) kangi sp. n. is readily distinguished from all other congeners by the distinctive blood red colouration of the costal region of the hind wings. Major features of the external morphology of adults, eggs, and first-instar nymphs are illustrated. Locomotory attachment pads are of the smooth type with irregular microgrooves on the contact surface. An unusual condition of male terminalia is the absence of tergal thorn pads on segment 10. The male clasping organs are represented by an elongated vomer terminating in a prominent spine, and by incurved cerci featuring a bilobed apex equipped with a sharp blade-like ridge. Intraspecific variation in body colouration and hind wing length occurs in females. The new species lives at 400-650 m elevation in the surroundings of the Sablang and Tuba regions, in the Benguet Province of Luzon island. Host plants include Ficus spp. (Moraceae), and Pipturus spp. and Leucosyke spp. (Urticaceae). Observations on the mating and defensive behaviour are presented. Orthomeria (Orthomeria) catadromus (Westwood, 1859) is recognised as a junior synonym of Orthomeria (Orthomeria) pandora (Westwood, 1859), syn. n. A lectotype is designated for both species. Finally, an updated identification key to the species of the subgenus Orthomeria is provided.
authors.affiliation: LCM - Laboratorio di Caratterizzazione Materiali, Department of Philosophy and Cultural Heritage, Ca' Foscari University, Malcanton Marcorà Dorsoduro 3484d, 30123 Venice, Italy.
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vallotto
authors.affiliation: Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, D.O. Phylogeny and Taxonomy, Entomology, Vautier Street 29, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bresseel
authors.affiliation: P.O. Box 2632, Manila CPO, Philippines.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Heitzmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gottardo
keywords: Aschiphasmatidae; Insecta; Phasmatodea; morphology; new species; stick insects; taxonomy