title: Volatiles from Plants Induced by Multiple Aphid Attacks Promote Conidial Performance of Lecanicillium lecanii.
abstract: Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) are clues that help predatory insects search for food. The hypothesis that entomopathogenic fungi, which protect plants, benefit from the release of HIPVs was tested. The plant Arabidopsis thaliana was used as the source of HIPVs. The insect herbivore Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) was used as the inducer, and the fungal pathogen of the aphid Lecanicillium lecanii was exposed to HIPVs to test our hypothesis. When exposed to aphid-induced A. thaliana volatiles, the mortality of aphids pre-treated with a conidial suspension of L. lecanii, the conidial germination and the appressorial formation were significantly increased compared with the control. The decan-3-ol and 4-methylpentyl isothiocyanate that were detected in the headspace seemed to have positive and negative affection, respectively. Moreover, HIPVs generated from groups of eight aphids per plant promoted significantly increased conidial germination and appressorial formation compared with HIPVs from groups of one, two and four aphids per plant. Our results demonstrated that the pathogenicity of the entomopathogenic fungus L. lecanii was enhanced when exposed to HIPVs and that the HIPVs were affected by the number of insect herbivores that induced them.
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.|Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.|Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yongwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.|Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.|Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Mubasher
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.affiliation: Indian River Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America.
authors.forename: Pasco Bruce
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Avery
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.|Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qasim
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.|Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Dalin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.|Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Liande
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001042:Aphids / Q000502:physiology*; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000737:chemistry*; D060434:Herbivory / Q000187:drug effects; D006999:Hypocreales / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds