title: Prevalence of depression in patients with type 2 diabetes attended in primary care in Spain.
abstract: To estimate the prevalence of known and undiagnosed depression in patients with type 2 diabetes attended in primary care setting in Spain, and to determine the factors associated with the presence of depression.
  
  
  
  This was a cross-sectional and multicenter study performed in a random sample of patients with type 2 diabetes attended in 21 primary care centers. Depressive symptoms were measured with the self-administered Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).
  
  
  
  A total of 411 patients were analyzed (mean age 70.8 (SD 10.3) years; 53.8% women). 29.2% of patients met the diagnostic criteria of depression, of whom 17% had known depression and 12.2% undiagnosed depression (PHQ-9 score ≥10, without a previous diagnosis of depression). Depression was more common in women (43.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 34.5-52.3%), widow (33.3%; 95% CI 27.9-38.7%), and hypothyroidism (12.5%; 95% CI 8.7-16.3%). Cardiovascular risk factors, the degree of control, complications related to diabetes, antidiabetic therapy and the number of drugs were not associated with the presence of depression.
  
  
  
  The prevalence of depression was high in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, in approximately 40% of patients depression was undiagnosed. The complications related to diabetes and antidiabetic therapy were not associated with the presence of depression.
authors.affiliation: Área Básica de Salud Martorell Rural, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: celiacolssagarra@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Cèlia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cols-Sagarra
authors.affiliation: Área Básica de Salud Martorell, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Flora
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: López-Simarro
authors.affiliation: Centro de Salud La Ería, Asturias, Spain.
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alonso-Fernández
authors.affiliation: Centro de Salud Ciudad Jardín, Málaga, Spain.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mancera-Romero
authors.affiliation: Centro de Salud Dr Castroviejo, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M Paz
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Pérez-Unanua
authors.affiliation: Centro de Salud Burgos Rural, Burgos, Spain.
authors.forename: José Javier
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Mediavilla-Bravo
authors.affiliation: EAP Trujillo, Cáceres, Spain.
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barquilla-García
authors.affiliation: Área Básica de Salud Martorell, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Sònia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miravet-Jiménez
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000073222:Patient Health Questionnaire; D015995:Prevalence; D011320:Primary Health Care; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Depression; Primary care; Type 2 diabetes