title: Covalent functionalization of reduced graphene oxide with porphyrin by means of diazonium chemistry for nonlinear optical performance.
abstract: Reduced graphene oxide (RGO)-porphyrin (TPP) nanohybrids (RGO-TPP 1 and RGO-TPP 2) were prepared by two synthetic routes that involve functionalization of the RGO using diazonium salts. The microscopic structures, morphology, photophysical properties and nonlinear optical performance of the resultant RGO-TPP nanohybrids were investigated. The covalent bonding of the porphyrin-functionalized-RGO nanohybrid materials was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Attachment of the porphyrin units to the surface of the RGO by diazotization significantly improves the solubility and ease of processing of these RGO-based nanohybrid materials. Ultraviolet/visible absorption and steady-state fluorescence studies indicate considerable π-π interactions and effective photo-induced electron and/or energy transfer between the porphyrin moieties and the extended π-system of RGO. The nonlinear optical properties of RGO-TPP 1 and RGO-TPP 2 were investigated by open-aperture Z-scan measurements at 532 nm with both 4 ns and 21 ps laser pulses, the results showing that the chemical nanohybrids exhibit improved nonlinear optical properties compared to those of the benchmark material C60, and the constituent RGO or porphyrins.
authors.affiliation: China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.|China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, Scientific Research Academy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Aijian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, Scientific Research Academy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.|China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, Scientific Research Academy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhipeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, Scientific Research Academy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jingbao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yinglin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, Scientific Research Academy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lingliang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia.
authors.forename: Marie P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Cifuentes
authors.affiliation: Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia.
authors.forename: Mark G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Humphrey
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jianda
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.|Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia.|Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang