title: Vascular endothelial microparticles-incorporated microRNAs are altered in patients with diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Circulating microRNAs (miRs) are differentially regulated and selectively packaged into microparticles (MPs). We evaluated whether diabetes mellitus alters circulating vascular and endothelial MP-incorporated miRs expression levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Circulating MPs were isolated from 135 patients with or without diabetes mellitus type II and characterized using flow cytometer and electron microscope. Nine miRs involved in the regulation of vascular performance-miR-126, miR-222, miR-let7d, miR-21, miR-30, miR-92a, miR-139, miR-199a and miR-26a-were quantified in circulating MPs by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Among those, miR-126 and miR-26a were significantly reduced in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic patients. Patients with low miR-26a and miR-126 levels were at higher risk for a concomitant coronary artery disease. MP-sorting experiments showed that endothelial cells were the major cell sources of MPs containing miR-126 and miR-26a, respectively. Finally, in accordance with our clinical results, in vitro experiments revealed that hyperglycemia reduces the packaging of miR-126 and miR-26a into EMPs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diabetes mellitus significantly alters the expression of vascular endothelial miRs in circulating endothelial MPs with potential implications on vascular heath.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Przybilla
authors.affiliation: Institute for Innate Immunity, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Bernardo S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Franklin
authors.affiliation: Institut für Molekulare Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dolf
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pfeifer
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Theresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schmitz
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flender
authors.affiliation: Institut für Molekulare Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Elmar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Endl
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nickenig
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany. nikos.werner@ukb.uni-bonn.de.
authors.forename: Nikos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Werner
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008875:Middle Aged; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005819:Genetic Markers; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Microparticles; Vascular; microRNA