title: Effect of a low dose of midazolam on high blood pressure in dental patients: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-centre study.
abstract: Some patients have transient hypertension before dental treatment as a result of anxiety and stress. Midazolam is an anxiolytic, and thought to be effective for the management of this sort of transient hypertension. We have evaluated in a randomised, controlled trial whether a low dose of midazolam can lower blood pressure in dental patients to an acceptable level without excessive sedation. Suitable patients were randomised to be given midazolam (trial group) or physiological saline (control group) intravenously. Blood pressure, heart rate, degree of anxiety, and amount of sedation were measured before and after injection. After injection, blood pressure in the trial group significantly decreased to clinically acceptable levels compared with controls. The degree of anxiety in the trial group was also significantly less than that in the control group, but there were no significant differences in sedation. These results suggest that injection of a low dose of midazolam stabilises the blood pressure of dental patients with transient hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Anaesthesiology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan. Electronic address: gmd421105@s.okayama-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Anaesthesiology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan. Electronic address: higuti@md.okayama-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Anaesthesiology and Special Care Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan. Electronic address: ishii-m@md.okayama-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Minako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishii-Maruhama
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Anaesthesiology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan. Electronic address: pk162dga@s.okayama-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yuka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.affiliation: Center for Promotion of Dental Education and International Collaboration, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan. Electronic address: gmd422102@s.okayama-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yabuki-Kawase
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Anaesthesiology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan. Electronic address: gmd422103@s.okayama-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Ayaka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamane-Hirano
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Anaesthesiology and Special Care Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan. Electronic address: tamoyumi@md.okayama-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomoyasu
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Anaesthesiology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan. Electronic address: maedas@md.okayama-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Anaesthesiology and Special Care Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan. Electronic address: miyawaki@md.okayama-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyawaki
mesh_terms: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D001794:Blood Pressure; D016292:Procedural Sedation; D016854:Dental Anxiety / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008874:Midazolam / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008874:Midazolam
keywords: Anxiety; Hypertension; Midazolam; Sedation