title: Biotechnological Chondroitin a Novel Glycosamminoglycan With Remarkable Biological Function on Human Primary Chondrocytes.
abstract: Cartilage tissue engineering, with in vitro expansion of autologus chondrocytes, is a promising technique for tissue regeneration and is a new potential strategy to prevent and/or treat cartilage damage (e.g., osteoarthritis). The aim of this study was (i) to investigate and compare the effects of new biotechnological chondroitin (BC) and a commercial extractive chondroitin sulfate (CS) on human chondrocytes in vitro culture; (ii) to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of the innovative BC compared to extractive CS. A chondrogenic cell population was isolated from human nasoseptal cartilage and in vitro cultures were studied through time-lapse video microscopy (TLVM), immunohistochemical staining and cytometry. In order to investigate the effect of BC and CS on phenotype maintainance, chondrogenic gene expression of aggrecan (AGN), of the transcriptor factor SOX9, of the types I and II collagen (COL1A1 and COL1A2), were quantified through transcriptional and protein evaluation at increasing cultivation time and passages. In addition to resemble the osteoarthritis-like in vitro model, chondrocytes were treated with IL-1β and the anti-inflammatory activity of BC and CS was assessed using cytokines quantification by multiplex array. BC significantly enhances cell proliferation also preserving chondrocyte phenotype increasing type II collagen expression up to 10 days of treatment and reduces inflammatory response in IL-1β treated chondrocytes respect to CS treated cells. Our results, taken together, suggest that this new BC is of foremost importance in translational medicine because it can be applied in novel scaffolds and pharmaceutical preparations aiming at cartilage pathology treatments such as the osteoarthritis. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2158-2169, 2016. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology "A. Cascino," Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonietta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stellavato
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology "A. Cascino," Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tirino
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology "A. Cascino," Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Novellis
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology "A. Cascino," Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Della Vecchia
authors.affiliation: dei Pellegrini Hospital, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cinquegrani
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology "A. Cascino," Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Rosa
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology "A. Cascino," Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianpaolo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Papaccio
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology "A. Cascino," Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schiraldi
mesh_terms: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002807:Chondroitin / Q000737:chemistry*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D002807:Chondroitin
keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGICAL CHONDROITIN; CHONDROITIN SULFATE; ECM BIOMARKERS; INFLAMMATION IN VITRO MODEL; NASAL CHONDROCYTES; TIME-LAPSE VIDEOMICROSCOPY