title: Nanoparticle drug delivery systems and their use in cardiac tissue therapy.
abstract: Cardiovascular diseases make up one of the main causes of death today, with myocardial infarction and ischemic heart disease contributing a large share of the deaths reported. With mainstream clinical therapy focusing on palliative medicine following myocardial infarction, the structural changes that occur in the diseased heart will eventually lead to end-stage heart failure. Heart transplantation remains the only gold standard of cure but a shortage in donor organs pose a major problem that led to clinicians and researchers looking into alternative strategies for cardiac repair. This review will examine some alternative methods of treatment using chemokines and drugs carried by nanoparticles as drug delivering agents for the purposes of treating myocardial infarction through the promotion of revascularization. We will also provide an overview of existing studies involving such nanoparticulate drug delivery systems, their reported efficacy and the challenges facing their translation into ubiquitous clinical use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA #07-25, Singapore 117575.|NUS Graduate School of Integrative Sciences & Engineering, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456.
authors.forename: Yan Teck
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA #07-25, Singapore 117575.|NUS Graduate School of Integrative Sciences & Engineering, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Poinard
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Block EA #07-25, Singapore 117575.|NUS Graduate School of Integrative Sciences & Engineering, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456.
authors.forename: James Chen Yong
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kah
mesh_terms: D042682:Angiopoietins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D018925:Chemokines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D042682:Angiopoietins; D018925:Chemokines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors
keywords: cardiac repair; drug delivery; nanoparticles