title: Resistance trends among clinical isolates in China reported from CHINET surveillance of bacterial resistance, 2005-2014.
abstract: With the aim of gathering temporal trends on bacterial epidemiology and resistance from multiple laboratories in China, the CHINET surveillance system was organized in 2005. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out according to a unified protocol using the Kirby-Bauer method or automated systems. Results were analyzed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 2014 definitions. Between 2005 and 2014, the number of bacterial isolates ranged between 22,774 and 84,572 annually. Rates of extended-spectrum β-lactamase production among Escherichia coli isolates were stable, between 51.7 and 55.8%. Resistance of E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, piperacillin/tazobactam and cefoperazone/sulbactam decreased with time. Carbapenem resistance among K. pneumoniae isolates increased from 2.4 to 13.4%. Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains against all of antimicrobial agents tested including imipenem and meropenem decreased with time. On the contrary, resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii strains to carbapenems increased from 31 to 66.7%. A marked decrease of methicillin resistance from 69% in 2005 to 44.6% in 2014 was observed for Staphylococcus aureus. Carbapenem resistance rates in K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii in China are high. Our results indicate the importance of bacterial surveillance studies.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: F-P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: D-M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: fuwang31@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: X-F
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Y-C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: X-J
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, The First Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: C-X
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, The First Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: C-Q
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: A-M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Y-H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: J-L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Techonology, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Z-Y
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Techonology, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Z-J
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Y-X
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: J-Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Y-Z
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: S-F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Z-D
authors.initials: ZD
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Y-S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan Medical University, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan Medical University, Yunnan, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia, China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Gansu Province Hospital, Gansu, China.
authors.forename: L-H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Gansu Province Hospital, Gansu, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Y-J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: X-M
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhuo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: D-H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011159:Population Surveillance
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii; CHINET surveillance of bacterial resistance; Escherichia coli; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus aureus; antimicrobial resistance; carbapenems