title: High apolipoprotein M serum levels correlate with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recently, variations in a component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), namely apolipoprotein M (apoM), were found to be associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between apoM and COPD severity. Factors associated with apoM, COPD, or coronary artery disease (CAD) were also assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 110 COPD patients and 110 age- and sex-matched non-COPD controls were included. Among them, thirty COPD patients and seven non-COPD controls had CAD. ApoM and pentraxin-3 levels were measured by ELISA. Additionally, the levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), cholesterol, and triglyceride were assessed using an automatic biochemical analyzer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum apoM levels increased gradually with COPD severity, with the most prominent apoM elevation observed in very severe COPD cases. In addition, ApoM was correlated with percent-predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (% predicted FEV1) (r = -0.38, P < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (r = 0.23, P < 0.017), and hs-CRP (r = 0.24, P = 0.01) in COPD patients. Furthermore, apoM was shown to be a risk factor for COPD onset (OR = 1.095, 95% CI = 1.034-1.160, P = 0.002), but not associated with CAD in COPD patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum apoM was elevated in COPD patients and increased gradually with COPD severity. However, there was no association between apoM and CAD development in COPD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Centre South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Centre South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Yinyin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Centre South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Centre South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Centre South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Wenhan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Centre South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Zhijun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Centre South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
authors.forename: Ruohong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Centre South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China. minhu013@sina.com.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D000075243:Apolipoproteins M; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: C400523:APOM protein, human; D001053:Apolipoproteins; D000075243:Apolipoproteins M; D015415:Biomarkers; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D054834:Lipocalins
keywords: Apolipoprotein M; Cardiovascular disease; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Forced expiratory volume in one second, % predicted FEV1