title: Detection and Molecular Typing of Human Adenoviruses Associated with Respiratory Illnesses in Kerala.
abstract: Adenoviruses are responsible for approximately 5-10% of acute respiratory infections globally. However, there are a limited number of reports on the types of circulating respiratory human adenoviruses (HAdV) in India. We detected HAdV in the post-mortem specimens of a young child who died as a result of an acute febrile illness. To retrospectively investigate the circulating adenovirus types in the Alappuzha region, samples (n = 235) collected from patients with influenza-like illnesses who participated in the influenza surveillance program were screened for HAdV. Fourteen samples were identified as positive for adenovirus by PCR analysis. Adenovirus was isolated from 3 of the 14 PCR-positive samples cultured using HEK-293 cell lines. The viral strains isolated in the study were from children between 6 and 10 years of age. The isolates were identified as adenovirus species C and E. Sequencing analysis of the fiber gene and a BLAST search revealed that 2 of the isolates were type HAdV-C2, and the third isolate was a HAdV-E4. A fiber gene sequence-based phylogenetic tree showed that the HAdV-E4 isolate was similar to the Japanese HAdV-E4 strain, whereas the HAdV-C2 isolates formed a distinct cluster. Respiratory infections due to HAdV-E4 are generally observed in adults; this study is the first to demonstrate the involvement of the HAdV-E4 strain in respiratory illnesses in children.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Virology (Kerala Unit), Government Thirumala Dewaswom Medical College (TDMC) Hospital.
authors.forename: Asia Devi
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Thounaojam
authors.forename: Anukumar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balakrishnan
authors.forename: Amol Baburao
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Mun
mesh_terms: D000258:Adenovirus Infections, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D000260:Adenoviruses, Human / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058889:Molecular Typing; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology; D014776:Virus Cultivation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; C018315:hexon capsid protein, Adenovirus