title: Acute seizures in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: What predicts it?
abstract: Seizures are the presenting feature of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) in 12-31.9% of patients. 44.3% of patients have seizures in the early stage of the disease. Acute seizures (AS), refers to seizures which take place before the diagnosis or during the first 2 weeks afterward.
  
  
  
  To report the predictors of acute seizures in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST).
  
  
  
  100 patients with CVST were included in the study. The occurrence of acute seizures was noted. The predictors of acute seizure were evaluated by univariate analysis including the demographic (gender, age), clinical (headache, focal neurological deficit, papilloedema, GCS score), type and number of risk factors, MRI findings (Type of lesion: hemorrhagic infarction or hematoma, location of lesion) and MRV findings (superficial or deep sinus, cortical veins).
  
  
  
  A total of 46 patients had acute seizures. On univariate analysis, altered mental status (p<0.001), paresis (p=0.03), GCS score <8 (p=0.009), hemorrhagic infarct on imaging (p=0.04), involvement of frontal lobe (p=0.02), superior sagittal sinus (p=0.008), and high D-dimer levels (p=0.03) were significantly associated with acute seizure. On multivariate analysis, the hemorrhagic infarct on MRI and high D-dimer was independently predictive for early seizure.
  
  
  
  The predictive factors for the acute seizures are altered mental status (GCS<8), focal deficits, hemorrhagic infarct, involvement of frontal lobe and superior sagittal sinus with high D-dimer levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, MS Ramaiah Medical College & Hospital, MSRIT Post, New BEL Road, Bangalore 560054, Karnataka, India. Electronic address: rohanmahale83@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rohan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mahale
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, MS Ramaiah Medical College & Hospital, MSRIT Post, New BEL Road, Bangalore 560054, Karnataka, India. Electronic address: anishmehta1302@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Anish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, MS Ramaiah Medical College & Hospital, MSRIT Post, New BEL Road, Bangalore 560054, Karnataka, India. Electronic address: aaajohn99@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Aju Abraham
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: John
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, MS Ramaiah Medical College & Hospital, MSRIT Post, New BEL Road, Bangalore 560054, Karnataka, India. Electronic address: kiranb@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kiran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Buddaraju
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, MS Ramaiah Medical College & Hospital, MSRIT Post, New BEL Road, Bangalore 560054, Karnataka, India. Electronic address: abhiks@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Abhinandan K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Shankar
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, MS Ramaiah Medical College & Hospital, MSRIT Post, New BEL Road, Bangalore 560054, Karnataka, India. Electronic address: jvmahend@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mahendra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Javali
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, MS Ramaiah Medical College & Hospital, MSRIT Post, New BEL Road, Bangalore 560054, Karnataka, India. Electronic address: Srinivasa-drsrinivas@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Rangasetty
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Srinivasa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006261:Headache / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D006406:Hematoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D000073216:Mental Status and Dementia Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012640:Seizures / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D012851:Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial / Q000150:complications*; D054063:Superior Sagittal Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D063189:Symptom Assessment
keywords: Acute; Cerebral venous sinus; Predictors; Seizure; Thrombosis