title: Translation Control of Swarming Proficiency in Bacillus subtilis by 5-Amino-pentanolylated Elongation Factor P.
abstract: Elongation factor P (EF-P) accelerates diprolyl synthesis and requires a posttranslational modification to maintain proteostasis. Two phylogenetically distinct EF-P modification pathways have been described and are encoded in the majority of Gram-negative bacteria, but neither is present in Gram-positive bacteria. Prior work suggested that the EF-P-encoding gene (efp) primarily supports Bacillus subtilis swarming differentiation, whereas EF-P in Gram-negative bacteria has a more global housekeeping role, prompting our investigation to determine whether EF-P is modified and how it impacts gene expression in motile cells. We identified a 5-aminopentanol moiety attached to Lys(32) of B. subtilis EF-P that is required for swarming motility. A fluorescent in vivo B. subtilis reporter system identified peptide motifs whose efficient synthesis was most dependent on 5-aminopentanol EF-P. Examination of the B. subtilis genome sequence showed that these EF-P-dependent peptide motifs were represented in flagellar genes. Taken together, these data show that, in B. subtilis, a previously uncharacterized posttranslational modification of EF-P can modulate the synthesis of specific diprolyl motifs present in proteins required for swarming motility.
authors.affiliation: From the Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Program and Center for RNA Biology and.
authors.forename: Andrei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rajkovic
authors.affiliation: the Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47305.
authors.forename: Katherine R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Hummels
authors.affiliation: Departments of Molecular Genetics.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Witzky
authors.affiliation: Chemistry, and.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Erickson
authors.affiliation: the Proteomics Facility, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, and.
authors.forename: Philip R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Gafken
authors.affiliation: the Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095.
authors.forename: Julian P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Whitelegge
authors.affiliation: the Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095.
authors.forename: Kym F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Faull
authors.affiliation: the Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47305.
authors.forename: Daniel B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Kearns
authors.affiliation: From the Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Program and Center for RNA Biology and Microbiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, ibba.1@osu.edu.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ibba
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D008239:Lysine / Q000737:chemistry; D009068:Movement; D000439:Pentanols / Q000737:chemistry; D010445:Peptide Elongation Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D000439:Pentanols; D010445:Peptide Elongation Factors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C020746:factor EF-P; D008239:Lysine
keywords: Bacillus; cell motility; microbiology; posttranslational modification; protein synthesis; translation elongation factor