title: Comparison of propofol-hydromorphone and propofol-dexmedetomidine in patients with intubation after maxillofacial plastic surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the sedation and analgesic effects between propofol-hydromorphone and propofol-dexmedetomidine in patients with postoperative intubation after maxillofacial plastic surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-two patients undertaking maxillofacial plastic surgery with intubation were randomly assigned into propofol plus hydromorphone (P-H) group or propofol plus dexmedetomidine (P-D) group, receiving intravenous infusion of P-H or P-D, respectively. Cerebral state index, Ramsay sedation score, arterial blood gas analysis, and physiology indices were recorded before admission (T0), 30 minutes (T1), 1 hour (T2), 2 hours (T3), 6 hours (T4), and 12 hours after admission (T5) to intensive care unit, and 10 minutes after extubation (T6). Blood interleukin-6 was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in arterial blood gas analysis, oxygen saturation, mean arterial pressure, and respiratory rate between two groups at all time-points (P>0.05). The changes of heart rate (at T4, T5, and T6), cerebral state index (T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5), and Ramsay score (at T3) in P-H group were significantly different from that in P-D group (P<0.05). The plasma interleukin-6 at T4 in P-H group was significantly lower than that in P-D group (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The P-H approach takes advantages over P-D approach in relieving the pain and discomfort, reducing the overstimulation of sympathetic nerve and the stress level, and enhancing the tolerance of postoperative intubation after maxillofacial plastic surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China; Department of Anesthesiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tiejun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yanlin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
keywords: dexmedetomidine; hydromorphone; intubation; maxillofacial plastic surgery; propofol