title: Removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil spiked with model mixtures of petroleum hydrocarbons and heterocycles using biosurfactants from Rhodococcus ruber IEGM 231.
abstract: Removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil using biosurfactants (BS) produced by Rhodococcus ruber IEGM 231 was studied in soil columns spiked with model mixtures of major petroleum constituents. A crystalline mixture of single PAHs (0.63g/kg), a crystalline mixture of PAHs (0.63g/kg) and polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles (PASHs), and an artificially synthesized non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) containing PAHs (3.00g/kg) dissolved in alkanes C10-C19 were used for spiking. Percentage of PAH removal with BS varied from 16 to 69%. Washing activities of BS were 2.5 times greater than those of synthetic surfactant Tween 60 in NAPL-spiked soil and similar to Tween 60 in crystalline-spiked soil. At the same time, amounts of removed PAHs were equal and consisted of 0.3-0.5g/kg dry soil regardless the chemical pattern of a model mixture of petroleum hydrocarbons and heterocycles used for spiking. UV spectra for soil before and after BS treatment were obtained and their applicability for differentiated analysis of PAH and PASH concentration changes in remediated soil was shown. The ratios A254nm/A288nm revealed that BS increased biotreatability of PAH-contaminated soils.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Golev Street, 614081 Perm, Russia; Perm State University, 15 Bukirev Street, 614990 Perm, Russia.
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ivshina
authors.affiliation: Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Golev Street, 614081 Perm, Russia.
authors.forename: Ludmila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kostina
authors.affiliation: Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Golev Street, 614081 Perm, Russia; Perm State University, 15 Bukirev Street, 614990 Perm, Russia. Electronic address: nast@iegm.ru.
authors.forename: Anastasiya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krivoruchko
authors.affiliation: Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Golev Street, 614081 Perm, Russia; Perm State University, 15 Bukirev Street, 614990 Perm, Russia.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuyukina
authors.affiliation: Strathclyde Eco-Innovation Unit (SEIU), University of Strathclyde, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XQ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Tatyana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peshkur
authors.affiliation: Strathclyde Eco-Innovation Unit (SEIU), University of Strathclyde, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XQ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: Strathclyde Eco-Innovation Unit (SEIU), University of Strathclyde, 204 George Street, Glasgow G1 1XQ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cunningham
mesh_terms: D059392:Petroleum Pollution; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012240:Rhodococcus / Q000737:chemistry*; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013501:Surface-Active Agents
keywords: Co-contaminants; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Rhodococcus biosurfactants; Soil contamination; UV spectrophotometry