title: Auditory Temporal Processing Deficits in Chronic Stroke: A Comparison of Brain Damage Lateralization Effect.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There have been a few reports about the effects of chronic stroke on auditory temporal processing abilities and no reports regarding the effects of brain damage lateralization on these abilities. Our study was performed on 2 groups of chronic stroke patients to compare the effects of hemispheric lateralization of brain damage and of age on auditory temporal processing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy persons with normal hearing, including 25 normal controls, 25 stroke patients with damage to the right brain, and 20 stroke patients with damage to the left brain, without aphasia and with an age range of 31-71 years were studied. A gap-in-noise (GIN) test and a duration pattern test (DPT) were conducted for each participant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences were found between the 3 groups for GIN threshold, overall GIN percent score, and DPT percent score in both ears (P ≤ .001). For all stroke patients, performance in both GIN and DPT was poorer in the ear contralateral to the damaged hemisphere, which was significant in DPT and in 2 measures of GIN (P ≤ .046). Advanced age had a negative relationship with temporal processing abilities for all 3 groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In cases of confirmed left- or right-side stroke involving auditory cerebrum damage, poorer auditory temporal processing is associated with the ear contralateral to the damaged cerebral hemisphere. Replication of our results and the use of GIN and DPT tests for the early diagnosis of auditory processing deficits and for monitoring the effects of aural rehabilitation interventions are recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Sciences in Rehabilitation, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran; Canadian Center for Behavioral Neuroscience (CCBN), Lethbridge University, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada; Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR), Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: jafari.z@iums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jafari
authors.affiliation: Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR), Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahdiye
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Esmaili
authors.affiliation: Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (USWR), Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Delbari
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Firouzgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mehrpour
authors.affiliation: Canadian Center for Behavioral Neuroscience (CCBN), Lethbridge University, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Majid H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Mohajerani
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D001303:Auditory Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology; D001306:Auditory Pathways / Q000503:physiopathology; D001307:Auditory Perception; D001308:Auditory Perceptual Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D001309:Auditory Threshold; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D054022:Cerebrum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D046709:Pattern Recognition, Physiological; D011571:Psychoacoustics; D017603:Signal Detection, Psychological; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Stroke; aging; auditory cerebrum; brain damage; gap in noise; temporal processing