title: High Efficiency of Functional Carbon Nanodots as Entry Inhibitors of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1.
abstract: Nanostructures have been lately identified as an efficient therapeutic strategy to modulate viral attachment and entry. The high concentrations of ligands present on nanostructures can considerably enhance affinities toward biological receptors. We demonstrate here the potential of carbon nanodots (C-dots) surface-functionalized with boronic acid or amine functions to interfere with the entry of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). C-dots formed from 4-aminophenylboronic acid hydrochloride (4-AB/C-dots) using a modified hydrothermal carbonization are shown to prevent HSV-1 infection in the nanograms per milliliter concentration range (EC50 = 80 and 145 ng mL(-1) on Vero and A549 cells, respectively), whereas the corresponding C-dots formed from phenylboronic acid (B/C-dots) have no effects even at high concentrations. Some of the presented results also suggest that C-dots are specifically acting on the early stage of virus entry through an interaction with the virus and probably the cells at the same time.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics, and Nanotechnology (IEMN, UMR CNRS 8520), Université Lille 1 , Cité Scientifique, Avenue Poincaré, BP60069, 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barras
authors.affiliation: Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics, and Nanotechnology (IEMN, UMR CNRS 8520), Université Lille 1 , Cité Scientifique, Avenue Poincaré, BP60069, 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
authors.forename: Quentin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Pagneux
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Virologie EA3610, Université Lille 2 et CHU Lille, Batiment P Boulanger Hôpital A Calmette CHRU de Lille , Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclerc, 59037 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Famara
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sane
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University , Jinan 250061, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics, and Nanotechnology (IEMN, UMR CNRS 8520), Université Lille 1 , Cité Scientifique, Avenue Poincaré, BP60069, 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
authors.forename: Rabah
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boukherroub
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Virologie EA3610, Université Lille 2 et CHU Lille, Batiment P Boulanger Hôpital A Calmette CHRU de Lille , Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclerc, 59037 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hober
authors.affiliation: Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics, and Nanotechnology (IEMN, UMR CNRS 8520), Université Lille 1 , Cité Scientifique, Avenue Poincaré, BP60069, 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Szunerits
mesh_terms: D000072283:A549 Cells; D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001897:Boronic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D016466:CHO Cells; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D014709:Vero Cells; D053586:Virus Internalization / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: C000599649:4-aminophenylboronic acid; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D001897:Boronic Acids; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon
keywords: 4-aminophenylboronic acid; carbon nanodots; herpes simplex virus 1; inhibition; viral entry