title: EVIDENCE FOR TUBULAR MATING STRUCTURES INDUCED IN EACH MATING TYPE OF HETEROTHALLIC GONIUM PECTORALE (VOLVOCALES, CHLOROPHYTA)(1).
abstract: Gametes were induced separately in cultures of each mating type of the heterothallic, isogamous colonial volvocalean Gonium pectorale O. F. Müll. to examine the tubular mating structure (TMS) of both mating types plus and minus (plus and minus), referred to as "bilateral mating papillae." Addition of dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (DcAMP or db-cAMP) and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) to approximately 3-week-old cultures of each mating type induced immediate release of naked gametes from the cell walls. Both plus and minus gametes formed a TMS in the anterior region of the protoplasts. Accumulation of actin was visualized by antibody staining in the TMS of both mating types as occurs in the TMS (fertilization tubule) of the plus gametes of the unicellular volvocalean Chlamydomonas reinhardtii P. A. Dang. Induction of naked gametes with a TMS in each mating type will be useful for future cell biological and evolutionary studies of the isogametes of colonial volvocalean algae.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanDepartment of Botany, Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Kyoto University, Oiwake-cho, Kita-shirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, JapanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USAWaseda Institute for Advanced Study (WIAS), Waseda University, 1-6-1 Nishiwaseda, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8050, JapanCenter for Frontier Research, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, JapanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Graduate school of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mogi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanDepartment of Botany, Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Kyoto University, Oiwake-cho, Kita-shirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, JapanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USAWaseda Institute for Advanced Study (WIAS), Waseda University, 1-6-1 Nishiwaseda, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8050, JapanCenter for Frontier Research, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, JapanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Graduate school of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hamaji
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanDepartment of Botany, Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Kyoto University, Oiwake-cho, Kita-shirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, JapanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USAWaseda Institute for Advanced Study (WIAS), Waseda University, 1-6-1 Nishiwaseda, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8050, JapanCenter for Frontier Research, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, JapanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Graduate school of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanDepartment of Botany, Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Kyoto University, Oiwake-cho, Kita-shirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, JapanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USAWaseda Institute for Advanced Study (WIAS), Waseda University, 1-6-1 Nishiwaseda, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8050, JapanCenter for Frontier Research, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, JapanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Graduate school of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ferris
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanDepartment of Botany, Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Kyoto University, Oiwake-cho, Kita-shirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, JapanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USAWaseda Institute for Advanced Study (WIAS), Waseda University, 1-6-1 Nishiwaseda, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8050, JapanCenter for Frontier Research, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, JapanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Graduate school of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanDepartment of Botany, Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Kyoto University, Oiwake-cho, Kita-shirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, JapanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USAWaseda Institute for Advanced Study (WIAS), Waseda University, 1-6-1 Nishiwaseda, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8050, JapanCenter for Frontier Research, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, JapanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Graduate school of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kabeya
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanDepartment of Botany, Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Kyoto University, Oiwake-cho, Kita-shirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, JapanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USAWaseda Institute for Advanced Study (WIAS), Waseda University, 1-6-1 Nishiwaseda, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8050, JapanCenter for Frontier Research, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, JapanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Graduate school of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Shin-Ya
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Miyagishima
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanDepartment of Botany, Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Kyoto University, Oiwake-cho, Kita-shirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, JapanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USAWaseda Institute for Advanced Study (WIAS), Waseda University, 1-6-1 Nishiwaseda, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8050, JapanCenter for Frontier Research, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, JapanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Graduate school of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisayoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nozaki
keywords: Chlorophyta; Gonium pectorale; Volvocales; bilateral mating papilla; isogamete; mating type; sexual reproduction; tubular mating structure