title: Dynamic change of the systemic immune inflammation index predicts the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the study was to determine the utility of the dynamic change and serial monitoring of the systemic immune inflammation index (SII), which was based on the numbers of patients' lymphocytes (L), platelets (P), neutrophils (N) and defined as P*N/L, for predicting prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative resection.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a prospective study of 163 patients with HCC who underwent curative resection at Zhongshan Hospital from January 2012 to May 2013. SII was calculated using data acquired before and approximately 1 month after surgery. An optimal cutoff value stratified patients into groups with high or low SII. Patients were classified into unfavorable and favorable groups using the dynamic change of the SII. Two groups that were further divided into four categories within the entire cohort and the low-risk subgroups were serially monitored for ≥6 months. Prognostic values of the SII and other factors were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method, the Cox proportional hazards model, and the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The favorable group was likely to have cirrhosis, and the unfavorable group was likely to have larger tumors and a higher recurrence rate. Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor size and dynamic change of the SII were independent risk factors for early recurrence. Moreover, the predictive value of the SII was retained in α-fetoprotein (AFP)-negative and HBeAg-negative-HBV-DNA <2000 IU/mL subgroups. Further, the serial changes of the SII for recurrence and no recurrence groups were statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The dynamic change and serial monitoring of the SII represent new indicators for predicting the early recurrence of HCC determining advance optimal therapy in advance.
authors.forename: Bei-Li
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Xing-Hui
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Xiao-Lu
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Jiong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chun-Yan
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Xin-Rong
authors.initials: XR
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis