title: A Review of Ribonuclease 7's Structure, Regulation, and Contributions to Host Defense.
abstract: The Ribonuclease A Superfamily is composed of a group of structurally similar peptides that are secreted by immune cells and epithelial tissues. Several members of the Ribonuclease A Superfamily demonstrate antimicrobial activity, and it has been suggested that some of these ribonucleases play an essential role in host defense. Ribonuclease 7 (RNase 7) is an epithelial-derived secreted peptide with potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. This review summarizes the published literature on RNase 7's antimicrobial properties, structure, regulation, and contributions to host defense. In doing so, we conclude by highlighting key knowledge gaps that must be investigated to completely understand the potential of developing RNase 7 as a novel therapeutic for human infectious diseases.
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA. brian.becknell2@nationwidechildrens.org.|Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA. brian.becknell2@nationwidechildrens.org.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Becknell
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA. John.Spencer@nationwidechildrens.org.|Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Nationwide Children's, Columbus, OH 43205, USA. John.Spencer@nationwidechildrens.org.
authors.forename: John David
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Spencer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D012260:Ribonucleases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D012260:Ribonucleases; C470000:Ribonuclease 7
keywords: antimicrobial peptides; host defense; infection; innate immunity; ribonuclease; ribonuclease 7