title: Transcription of thymic stromal lymphopoietin via Toll-like receptor 2 in canine keratinocytes: a possible association of Staphylococcus spp. in the deterioration of allergic inflammation in canine atopic dermatitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Colonization, overgrowth and subsequent infection by Staphylococcus spp. is frequently observed in canine atopic dermatitis (CAD), where it contributes to the intensity of cutaneous inflammation. The mechanisms by which staphylococci contribute to the pathogenesis of CAD are unclear. Studies suggest that thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), a cytokine induced by a cell wall component of Staphylococcus spp., may play a critical role in Th2 responses including the pathogenesis of CAD.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine if synthetic triacylated lipopeptide (TLR1/2 ligand), a cell wall component of Staphylococcus spp., induces the transcription of TSLP via TLR2 in canine keratinocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Transcription of TSLP was quantified in a canine keratinocyte cell line after stimulation with synthetic triacylated lipopeptide, and again after inhibition of TLR2 by a targeted small interfering RNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The transcription of TSLP was enhanced 6 h after stimulation with the synthetic triacylated lipopeptide; it was completely suppressed by knockdown of TLR2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrated that a synthetic cell wall component of Staphylococcus spp. induced transcription of TSLP via TLR2 in canine keratinocytes. Additional studies will be required to investigate whether Staphylococcus spp. contributes to Th2 responses in CAD through TLR2-mediated TSLP production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
authors.forename: Mayu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryota
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Asahina
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kamishina
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
authors.forename: Sadatoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maeda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000662:veterinary; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D013207:Staphylococcal Skin Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary; D013210:Staphylococcus; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000094632:Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D000094632:Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin