title: Effect of heat dissipation of superparamagnetic nanoparticles in alternating magnetic field on three human cancer cell lines in magnetic fluid hyperthermia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to propose a method for constructing the software setup required for investigating thermal effect of superparamagnetic nanoparticles on three human cell lines. This article aimed to examine the required nanoparticle dose, frequency, field intensity and the exposure time.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present study, first some general details were given about design and construction of the setup required for generating a safe magnetic field in order to examine the thermal effect of superparamagnetic nanoparticles on three human cancer cell lines, cultured under laboratory conditions. Next, a series of experimental tests were conducted to study the effect of magnetic field, on the cells. Finally, by applying three types of iron-based nanoparticles with mean diameters of 8, 15 and 20 nm, for 30 min, the temperature rise and specific absorption rate (SAR) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By conducting experimental tests, the maximum temperature rise at the resonance frequency of the coil was reported to be 80 kHz, and it was observed that all the cells died when temperature of the cells reached 42°C/30 min. Based on the experiments, it was observed that magnetic field with intensity of 8 kA/m within the frequency range of 80-180 kHz did not have any effect on the cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the results, it can be concluded that the nanoparticle dose of 80 µg/ml with diameter of 8 nm at the resonance frequency of coil for 30 min was sufficient to destroy all the cancerous cells in the flask.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Science and Research Branch , Islamic Azad University , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Mahdi
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Attar
authors.affiliation: b Department of Mechanical Engineering , Iran University of Science and Technology , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haghpanahi
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000295:instrumentation*; D060526:Magnetic Fields; D053758:Nanoparticles; D010316:Particle Size
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; C000499:ferric oxide
keywords: Hyperthermia; cancer cell line; electromagnetic field; magnetic nanoparticles; thermal analysis