title: ["My Home, my Car, my Boat" - Satisfaction with One's Own Standard of Living as a Predictor of Gender-Specific Mortality].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Men have a higher risk of mortality than women and react much more sensitively to status-related stressors. The relationship between hierarchical rank and health, mediated on the HPA axis, delivers possible explanations for the more pronounced male sensitivity. In this context, the construct of status unease has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. It links social comparison with a reduced general wellbeing and considers it to be a major risk factor for various diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  An analysis of secondary data from the Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) was used to analyze the extent to which subjective dissatisfaction with one's own standard of living is associated with an increased gender-related mortality risk. The statistical modeling of the question was carried out by performing gender-disaggregated Cox proportional hazard models. The unbalanced sub-sample consisted of 6 454 men (685 deaths) and 6 908 women (618 deaths).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dissatisfaction with one's standard of living has a significant influence on the mortality risk of men but not women: Men with low satisfaction have nearly a twice as high risk of mortality than the reference group (HR=1,95, 95% CI 1,48-2,58), men with moderate satisfaction a 25% higher mortality risk (HR=1,26, 95% CI 1,08-1,49). Furthermore, subjective status shows stronger dose-response relationships than objective status parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dissatisfaction with one's standard of living turns out to be a clear predictor for male mortality. Stress reactions due to disparaging social comparison processes triggered by the HPA-axis could be a central cause. The results indicate that the standardized inclusion of subjective status indicators should be considered in social-epidemiological analysis. The distinctive gender difference also points out that gender-sensitive epidemiological data analysis is reasonable.
authors.affiliation: Fakultät Soziale Arbeit, Gesundheit und Pflege, Hochschule Ravensburg-Weingarten, Weingarten.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.affiliation: ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften, Zentrum für Gesundheitswissenschaften, Bachelorstudiengang Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention, Winterthur, Schweiz.
authors.forename: B U
authors.initials: BU
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.affiliation: Fakultät Soziale Arbeit, Gesundheit und Pflege, Hochschule Ravensburg-Weingarten, Weingarten.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.affiliation: Fakultät Soziale Arbeit, Gesundheit und Pflege, Hochschule Ravensburg-Weingarten, Weingarten.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Szagun
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005382:Financing, Personal; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; D008297:Male; D009026:Mortality; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological