title: Degradation pattern of porous CaCO3 and hydroxyapatite microspheres in vitro and in vivo for potential application in bone tissue engineering.
abstract: Despite superior clinical handling, excellent biocompatibility, biodegradation property of calcium phosphate needs to be improved to coincide with the rate of new bone formation. In this study, spherical CaCO3 are fabricated in the presence of the silk sericin and then transformed into porous hydroxyapatite (HAP) microspheres via hydrothermal method. The degradation behavior of obtained CaCO3, HAP and their mixture is first investigated in vitro. The result demonstrates that the weight loss of HAP microspheres are almost 24.3% after immersing in pH 7.40 Tris-HCl buffer solution for 12 weeks, which is far slower than that of spherical CaCO3 (97.5%). The degradation speed of the mixtures depends on the proportion of CaCO3 and HAP. The mixture with higher content of CaCO3 possesses a quicker degradation speed. The obtained CaCO3 and HAP microspheres are injected into subcutaneous tissue of ICR mice with the assistance of sodium alginate. The result in vivo also shows an obvious difference of degradation speed between the obtained CaCO3 and HAP microspheres, implying it is feasible to modulate the degradation property of the mixture through changing the proportion of CaCO3 and HAP The good cytocompatibility of the two kinds of microspheres is proved and a mild inflammation response is observed only at early stage of implantation. The job offers a simple method to modify the degradation properties of biomaterial for potential use in bone tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, College of Materials and Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
authors.forename: Qiwei
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, College of Materials and Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
authors.forename: Wenhua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, College of Materials and Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
authors.forename: Xiuping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, College of Materials and Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
authors.forename: Geng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, College of Materials and Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.
authors.forename: Subhas C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kundu
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, College of Materials and Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
authors.forename: Juming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education, National Engineering Lab for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, College of Materials and Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China. Electronic address: caiyr@zstu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yurong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000601:surgery; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000737:chemistry*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D008863:Microspheres; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016062:Porosity; D047030:Sericins / Q000737:chemistry*; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D047030:Sericins; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D017886:Durapatite; C020243:calcium phosphate; D002119:Calcium Carbonate
keywords: Bone tissue engineering; Degradation; Hydroxyapatite; Injectable composite; Microspheres