title: Hypovitaminosis D is an independent associated factor of overactive bladder in older adults.
abstract: Urinary incontinence and vitamin D deficiency are common problems encountered in geriatric population. We aimed to investigate if there is a relationship between these conditions.
  
  
  
  Among 2281 patients who were admitted to our geriatric medicine outpatient clinic spanning the last three years, 705 patients with known vitamin D status, urinary incontinence and subtype, and calcium plus vitamin D therapy data were included in statistical analysis. Patients who are using calcium plus vitamin D therapy were excluded. SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 15.0 for Windows was used for statistical analysis and p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
  
  
  
  Mean age of the study population was 72.3±6.4years and 62.8% were female. Plasma vitamin D level (OR: 0.968, 95%CI: 0.943-0.993, p=0.013), MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination) score (OR: 0.944, 95%CI: 0.902-0.989, p=0.014), and serum ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase) level (OR: 0.995, 95%CI: 0.992-0.998, p=0.001) were found to be inversely correlated factors, and serum calcium level (OR: 1.772, 95%CI: 1.008-2.888, p=0.022) was found to be a positively correlated factor of overactive bladder. Considering the different clinical subtypes of urinary incontinence, only urgency incontinence was associated with lower plasma vitamin D level (p=0.013).
  
  
  
  Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are independent associated factors for overactive bladder in older adults. This is explicable by effects of vitamin D on muscle growth and function.
authors.affiliation: Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: mustafakemalkilic@mynet.com.
authors.forename: Mustafa Kemal
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Kilic
authors.affiliation: Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Muhammet Cemal
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kizilarslanoglu
authors.affiliation: Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozgur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kara
authors.affiliation: Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gunes
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Arik
authors.affiliation: Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hacer Dogan
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Varan
authors.affiliation: Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Emin
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kuyumcu
authors.affiliation: Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yusuf
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yesil
authors.affiliation: Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Burcu Balam
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Yavuz
authors.affiliation: Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Meltem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Halil
authors.affiliation: Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cankurtaran
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000150:complications*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014815:Vitamins; D014807:Vitamin D
keywords: Cholecalciferol; Older adults; Overactive bladder; Urinary incontinence; Vitamin D