title: Learning Processes and Trajectories for the Reduction of Antibiotic Use in Pig Farming: A Qualitative Approach.
abstract: Since 2011, French public policy has been encouraging a reduction in the use of antibiotics in animal farming. The aim of this article is to look at how some farms have already managed to lower their consumption of antibiotics, and to highlight the levers of change in farming health practices. Our research uses a qualitative study based on 21 semi-structured interviews with farmers and veterinarians in the French pig-farming sector. We use the notion of "trajectory of change" to examine, over time, the intersection of the technical, economic, social and organisational determinants which affect the reduced use of antibiotics. The "learning process" concept makes it possible to take account of the way in which the actors assimilate, appropriate and implement new health practices. We have identified three interdependent levels of learning: technical learning, cognitive learning and organisational learning.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UR 1323 RiTME, 65 boulevard de Brandebourg, F-94205 Ivry-sur-Seine, France. nicolas.fortane@ivry.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fortané
authors.affiliation: LUNAM Université, Oniris, Ecole nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique, UMR Biologie, Epidémiologie et Analyse de Risque en santé animale, CS 40706, F-44307 Nantes, France. florence.beaugrand@oniris-nantes.fr.|Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1300, F-44307 Nantes, France. florence.beaugrand@oniris-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bonnet-Beaugrand
authors.affiliation: IFIP-Institut du porc, Domaine de la Motte au Vicomte, BP 35104, F-35651 Le Rheu, France. anne.hemonic@ifip.asso.fr.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hémonic
authors.affiliation: LUNAM Université, Oniris, Ecole nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique, UMR Biologie, Epidémiologie et Analyse de Risque en santé animale, CS 40706, F-44307 Nantes, France. carole.samedi@oniris-nantes.fr.|Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1300, F-44307 Nantes, France. carole.samedi@oniris-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Samedi
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UR 1323 RiTME, 65 boulevard de Brandebourg, F-94205 Ivry-sur-Seine, France. arnaud.savy@ivry.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Savy
authors.affiliation: LUNAM Université, Oniris, Ecole nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique, UMR Biologie, Epidémiologie et Analyse de Risque en santé animale, CS 40706, F-44307 Nantes, France. catherine.belloc@oniris-nantes.fr.|Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR1300, F-44307 Nantes, France. catherine.belloc@oniris-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Belloc
keywords: animal health; antibiotics; farmers; learning process; qualitative approach; trajectory of change; veterinarians