title: Choreography of molecular movements during ribosome progression along mRNA.
abstract: During translation elongation, ribosome translocation along an mRNA entails rotations of the ribosomal subunits, swiveling motions of the small subunit (SSU) head and stepwise movements of the tRNAs together with the mRNA. Here, we reconstructed the choreography of the collective motions of the Escherichia coli ribosome during translocation promoted by elongation factor EF-G, by recording the fluorescence signatures of nine different reporters placed on both ribosomal subunits, tRNA and mRNA. We captured an early forward swiveling of the SSU head taking place while the SSU body rotates in the opposite, clockwise direction. Backward swiveling of the SSU head starts upon tRNA translocation and continues until the post-translocation state is reached. This work places structures of translocation intermediates along a time axis and unravels principles of the motions of macromolecular machines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3333-0466
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Belardinelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Heena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Neva
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Caliskan
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Carlos E
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2229-4113
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Peske
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wintermeyer
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Marina V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Rodnina
mesh_terms: D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D006868:Hydrolysis; D056004:Molecular Dynamics Simulation; D020653:Peptide Elongation Factor G / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D054681:Ribosome Subunits, Large, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D054680:Ribosome Subunits, Small, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D020653:Peptide Elongation Factor G; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate; D012343:RNA, Transfer