title: Galectin-1 knockdown in carcinoma-associated fibroblasts inhibits migration and invasion of human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by modulating MMP-9 expression.
abstract: Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play central roles in facilitating tumor progression and metastasis in breast cancer. Galectin-1 (Gal-1), a marker of CAFs, was previously reported to be associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis of various types of tumors. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of Gal-1 in CAF-mediated breast cancer metastasis and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results showed that CAFs isolated from human breast tumor tissues expressed higher level of Gal-1 compared with paired normal fibroblasts, and the conditioned medium (CM) of CAFs significantly induced the migration and invasion of human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Knockdown of Gal-1 in CAFs dramatically inhibited CAF-CM-induced cell migration and invasion, probably by inhibiting the expression of matrix metalloprotein 9 (MMP-9). Our findings demonstrate that Gal-1-regulated CAFs activation promotes breast cancer cell metastasis by upregulating MMP-9 expression, which indicated that Gal-1 in CAFs might be a potential novel target for breast cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China yinyongxiang1221@outlook.com.
authors.forename: Yongxiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2000, Australia.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Fanfan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D054338:Cell Transdifferentiation; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D037483:Galectin 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006801:Humans; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D058628:Myofibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D064726:Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D037483:Galectin 1; C445499:LGALS1 protein, human; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: carcinoma-associated fibroblasts; galectin-1; matrix metalloprotein 9; metastasis