title: Bovine Lactoferrampin, Human Lactoferricin, and Lactoferrin 1-11 Inhibit Nuclear Translocation of HIV Integrase.
abstract: This study aimed to investigate fragments derived from human and bovine lactoferrins for ability to inhibit nuclear translocation of HIV-1 integrase. It was shown that human lactoferricin, human lactoferrin 1-11, and bovine lactoferrampin reduced nuclear distribution of HIV-1 integrase. Bovine lactoferrampin could inhibit both the activity and nuclear translocation of HIV-1 integrase. Human lactoferrampin, bovine lactoferricin, and bovine lactoferrin 1-11 had no effect on HIV-1 integrase nuclear translocation. Human lactoferrampin which inhibited the activity of integrase did not prevent its nuclear translocation. Human lactoferricin and lactoferrin 1-11 did not inhibit HIV-1 integrase nuclear translocation despite their ability to attenuate the enzyme activity. The discrepancy between the findings on reduction of HIV-1 activity and inhibition of nuclear translocation of HIV-1 integrase was due to the different mechanisms involved. A similar reasoning can also be applied to the different inhibitory potencies of the milk peptides on different HIV enzymes, i.e., nuclear translocation.
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Winston Yan
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. b111590@mailserv.cuhk.edu.hk.|Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. b111590@mailserv.cuhk.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Jack Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Denis Tsz Ming
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Ip
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: David Chi Cheong
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Randy Chifai
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. b021770@mailserv.cuhk.edu.hk.|Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. b021770@mailserv.cuhk.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Tzi Bun
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Ng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019427:HIV Integrase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019428:HIV Integrase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000235:genetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D019428:HIV Integrase Inhibitors; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C502040:lactoferrampin; C466658:lactoferrin (1-11), human; C082171:lactoferricin B; D019427:HIV Integrase; D007781:Lactoferrin
keywords: HIV-1 integrase; Milk peptides; Nuclear translocation