title: Periodontitis is associated with rheumatoid arthritis: a study with longstanding rheumatoid arthritis patients in Korea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A cross-sectional study was undertaken to investigate the association between severity of periodontitis and clinical manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred sixty-four RA patients and 88 age- and sex-matched controls underwent dental exam. Additionally, clinical manifestations including disease activity and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies were evaluated in RA patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of moderate or severe periodontitis was higher in RA patients compared to controls (63.6% vs 34.1%, p < 0.001). In markers of periodontal inflammation, bleeding on probing was correlated with disease activity score 28 (r = 0.128, p = 0.041), RA disease duration (r = 0.211, p = 0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR; r = 0.141, p = 0.023), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (r = 0.183, p = 0.009), and anti-citrullinated α-enolase peptide-1 antibody (r = 0.143, p = 0.025). Gingival index was correlated with RA duration (r = 0.262, p < 0.001), ESR (r = 0.162, p = 0.009), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (r = 0.203, p = 0.004) and anti-citrullinated α-enolase peptide-1 antibody (r = 0.225, p < 0.001). Periodontal structural damage represented by probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level were less in RA patients with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1 shared epitope compared than those without shared epitope (p = 0.005 and p =0.006, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of moderate or severe periodontitis was increased in RA patients compared to controls. Periodontal inflammation was correlated with RA disease duration, ESR, and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies. Periodontal structural damage was less in RA patients with HLA-DRB1 shared epitope.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: In Ah
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Mi
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Joo Youn
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.|Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Hwa
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Bong
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.|Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Moo
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yeong Wook
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000276:immunology; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; C487763:cyclic citrullinated peptide
keywords: Arthritis, rheumatoid; Periodontitis