title: Tumor lysis-like syndrome in a child during treatment for visceral leishmaniasis.
abstract: A 2.5-year-old girl was admitted due to splenomegaly and pancytopenia. Laboratory analysis revealed pancytopenia and hypergammaglobulinemia, and due to the absence of fever and the relevant clinical and hematological presentation the child was initially suspected for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Bone marrow aspiration displayed macrophages and extracellular space containing Leishmania amastigotes. Visceral leishmaniasis diagnosis due to Leishmania infantum was confirmed by the presence of high titers of Leishmania antibodies and by PCR. The patient was successfully treated with liposomal amphotericin B but during the third post-treatment day significant increases in the levels of serum uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, and phosphate were registered. The child was successfully treated with hydration and urine alkalization and resulted in full recovery of the metabolic abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Second Pediatric Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Greece atragian@auth.gr.
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tragiannidis
authors.affiliation: Second Pediatric Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Papageorgiou
authors.affiliation: Second Pediatric Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stamou
authors.affiliation: Second Pediatric Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Greece.
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hatzipantelis
authors.affiliation: Second Pediatric Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Greece.
authors.forename: Theodotis
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Papageorgiou
authors.affiliation: Second Pediatric Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Greece.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giannopoulos
authors.affiliation: Second Pediatric Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Greece.
authors.forename: Lamprini
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Damianidou
authors.affiliation: First Microbiology Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pappa
authors.affiliation: First Microbiology Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Stiliani
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pappa
authors.affiliation: Second Pediatric Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hatzistilianou
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018314:Leishmania infantum / Q000187:drug effects*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D010198:Pancytopenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D013163:Splenomegaly / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: C068538:liposomal amphotericin B; D000666:Amphotericin B
keywords: childhood; liposomal amphotericin B; lysis syndrome; visceral leishmaniasis