title: Differentiation of Spiral Ganglion-Derived Neural Stem Cells into Functional Synaptogenetic Neurons.
abstract: Spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) are usually damaged in sensorineural hearing loss. SGN-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) have been identified and proposed to differentiate into neurons to replace damaged SGNs. However, it remains obscure whether SGN-NSC-derived neurons (ScNs) are electrophysiologically functional and possess the capability to form neural connections. Here, we found that SGN-derived cells demonstrated NSC characteristics and differentiated into SGN-like glutamatergic neurons. Neurotrophins significantly increased neuronal differentiation and neurite length of ScNs. Patch clamp recording revealed that ScNs possessed SGN-like NaV and HCN channels, suggesting electrophysiological function. FM1-43 staining and synaptic protein immunofluorescence showed ScNs possess the ability to form neural connections. Astrocyte-conditioned medium was able to stimulate ScNs to express synaptic proteins. These data suggested that neurotrophins are able to stimulate postnatal SGN-NSCs to differentiate into functional glutamatergic ScNs with the capability to form synaptic connections in vitro.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Otolaryngology-HNS, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, Michigan.
authors.forename: Xiaoyang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, Michigan.
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aleardi
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Otolaryngology-HNS, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, Michigan.
authors.forename: Jue
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Otolaryngology-HNS, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, Michigan.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, Michigan.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Otolaryngology-HNS, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, Michigan.
authors.forename: Zhengqing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000494:pharmacology; D055724:Electrophysiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects; D005971:Glutamates / Q000378:metabolism; D064428:Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology*; D018874:Spheroids, Cellular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013136:Spiral Ganglion / Q000166:cytology*; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D005971:Glutamates; D064428:Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels