title: Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of a novel picornavirus from swine feces in Japan.
abstract: During an investigation of porcine fecal viruses using a metagenomics approach, a novel picornavirus was identified from the feces of a healthy two-month-old pig. This virus, named porcine picornavirus Japan (PPVJ), had a standard picornavirus genome organization, including the L protein region. The 5' untranslated region harbored a type II internal ribosomal entry site. This virus was most closely related to lesavirus 1 (amino acid sequence identity: 38.2 %) in P1, equine rhinitis A virus (25.8 %) in P2, and lesavirus 2 (40.9 %) in P3. According to the genus demarcations for the family Picornaviridae (less than 40 %, 40 %, and 50 % amino acid sequence identity in P1, P2, and P3, respectively), PPVJ represents a new genus in the family Picornaviridae. PPVJ was detected in 23.3 % of the fecal samples (from 58.3 % of the farms across a wide area) from pigs less than four months old, by reverse transcription PCR, using specific primers designed from the 3D sequence, followed by sequencing. The host range and pathogenic potential of this virus in animals is yet to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Naoi
authors.affiliation: Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
authors.forename: Mai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kishimoto
authors.affiliation: Kurayoshi Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kurayoshi, Tottori, 683-0017, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuneyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.affiliation: Ishikawa Nanbu Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-3101, Japan.
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinobu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsuchiaka
authors.affiliation: Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.affiliation: Kurayoshi Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kurayoshi, Tottori, 683-0017, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamasato
authors.affiliation: Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Omatsu
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, 180-8602, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.affiliation: Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.|Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Furuya
authors.affiliation: Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Katayama
authors.affiliation: Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
authors.forename: Mami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oba
authors.affiliation: Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.affiliation: Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.|Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
authors.forename: Junsuke
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shirai
authors.affiliation: Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.affiliation: Research and Education Center for Prevention of Global Infectious Disease of Animal, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan. m-nagai@cc.tuat.ac.jp.|Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan. m-nagai@cc.tuat.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5884-620X
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagai
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D000818:Animals; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D016679:Genome, Viral; D007564:Japan; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D010802:Phylogeny; D010849:Picornaviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D012367:RNA, Viral