title: Mixed Phenolic Acids Mediated Proliferation of Pathogens Talaromyces helicus and Kosakonia sacchari in Continuously Monocultured Radix pseudostellariae Rhizosphere Soil.
abstract: Radix pseudostellariae L. is a common and popular Chinese medication. However, continuous monoculture has increased its susceptibility to severe diseases. We identified two pathogenic microorganisms, Talaromyces helicus M. (KU355274) and Kosakonia sacchari W. (KU324465), and their antagonistic bacterium, Bacillus pumilus Z. in rhizosphere soil of continuously monocultured R. pseudostellariae. Nine types of phenolic acids were identified both in the rhizosphere soil and in culture medium under sterile conditions. A syringic acid and phenolic acid mixture significantly promoted the growth of T. helicus and K. sacchari. T. helicus could utilize eight types of phenolic acids, whereas K. sacchari could only use four phenolic acids. K. sacchari produced protocatechuic acid when consuming vanillin. Protocatechuic acid negatively affected the growth of B. pumilus. The 3A-DON toxin produced by T. helicus promoted the growth of K. sacchari and inhibited growth of B. pumilus at low concentrations. These data help explain why phenolic exudates mediate a microflora shift and structure disorder in the rhizosphere soil of continuously monocultured R. pseudostellariae and lead to increased replanting disease incidence.
authors.affiliation: Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Hongmiao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Linkun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Juanying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jiahui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Cailiang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xianjin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Changxun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhixing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Saadia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Azeem
authors.affiliation: Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Wenxiong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lin
keywords: Bacillus pumilus; Kosakonia sacchari; Radix pseudostellariae; Talaromyces helicus; monoculture cropping problem; phenolic acids