title: (1)H NMR and MS based metabolomics study of the therapeutic effect of Cortex Fraxini on hyperuricemic rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cortex Fraxini (CF) is an important traditional Chinese herbal medicine used for the treatment of gout and hyperuricemia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-hyperuricemic effect of CF on hyperuricemic rats and to investigate its mechanism of action.
  
  
  METHODS
  Metabolomics based on NMR and MS was used to study the therapeutic effect of CF on hyperuricemic rats. Plasma determination of uric acid (UA) showed that CF treatment markedly improved the UA level. Subsequently, metabolomics analysis was conducted using samples of plasma, kidney and urine, and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) combined with principal component analysis (PCA) were used to detect potential biomarkers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 26 biomarkers were identified as being primarily involved in amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, purine metabolism, amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism, and hyperuricemia can disturb the balance of many of these metabolic pathways in vivo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The variations in biomarkers revealed the therapeutic mechanism of CF, and a number of these biomarkers are not only significant for early diagnosis but also for predicting hyperuricemia.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
authors.forename: Yinan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
authors.forename: Jiajia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China. Electronic address: lab433@163.com.
authors.forename: Chunjie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D031319:Aesculus; D000818:Animals; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000652:urine; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C517354:horse chestnut seed
keywords: (1)H NMR; Aesculetin, (PubChem CID: 5281416); Aesculin (PubChem CID: 5281417); Cortex Fraxini; Fraxetin, (PubChem CID: 5273569); Fraxin (PubChem CID: 5273568); Hyperuricemia; Isoscopoletin, (PubChem CID: 69894); MS; Metabolomics; Sopoletin, (PubChem CID: 5280460)