title: Evaluation of computed tomographic enterography with an orally administered lactulose solution in clinically normal dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine optimal techniques for CT enterography in clinically normal dogs and to evaluate luminal distention after oral administration of lactulose solution as a contrast agent.
  
  
  METHODS
  15 healthy dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  CT was performed in a control group (2 dogs that underwent CT to evaluate metastasis and 5 other dogs). In a bolus administration group (5 dogs from the control group), lactulose solution (1.34 g/mL) was administered (60 mL/kg) rapidly via gastric tube to anesthetized dogs, and CT was performed every 10 minutes for 1 hour. In a continuous administration group of 8 other dogs, lactulose solution (60 mL/kg) was administered slowly via nasoesophageal tube over a period of 45 minutes. Then, 15 minutes after anesthetic induction, CT was performed every 10 minutes for 1 hour. Luminal distention of the small intestines was evaluated qualitatively by use of a 3-point scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All small intestinal segments had poor luminal distention in the control group. The terminal ileum had poor luminal distention for the bolus administration group. Nearly all segments had good luminal distention for the continuous administration group with mild adverse effects. Luminal distention scores from 0 to 20 minutes after lactulose administration were significantly higher than scores from 30 to 60 minutes. Interobserver reproducibility was high for all intestinal segments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CT performed between 0 and 20 minutes after continuous administration of lactulose solution (60 mL/kg) may reveal adequate luminal distention for examination of small intestinal segments in dogs.
authors.forename: Seoyeon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keh
authors.forename: Jungmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.forename: Mihyun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Namsoon
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jaeyoung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Hyunwook
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dongwoo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Mincheol
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Junghee
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D023881:Colonography, Computed Tomographic; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004285:Dogs / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal / Q000662:veterinary; D007792:Lactulose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D007792:Lactulose