title: Mood Disorders in Middle-Aged and Older Veterans With Multimorbidity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study identified the prevalence of and relationship between mood disorders and multimorbidity in middle-aged and older veterans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional data were obtained from veterans who received primary care services at VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System from January 2007 to December 2011 ( n = 34,786).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most veterans had three or more organ systems with chronic disease (95.3%), of which 4.1% had a depressive disorder, 2.5% had an anxiety disorder, and 0.7% had co-occurring depression and anxiety. The odds of having a mood disorder increased with each additional organ system with chronic disease, with odds being the greatest in those with 10 to 13 organ systems with chronic disease. Younger age, female gender, non-married marital status, and having a service connected disability were also significant predictors of having a mood disorder.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest a need to integrate mental health assessment and treatment in chronic health care management for veterans.
authors.affiliation: 1 VISN 4 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.|2 Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: DiNapoli
authors.affiliation: 1 VISN 4 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.|2 Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Adam D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Bramoweth
authors.affiliation: 3 Dartmouth Centers for Health and Aging, Lebanon, NH, USA.|4 The Dartmouth Institute, Lebanon, NH, USA.
authors.forename: Karen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Whiteman
authors.affiliation: 1 VISN 4 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Barbara H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Hanusa
authors.affiliation: 1 VISN 4 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.|5 Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.|6 Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kasckow
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D000076322:Multimorbidity / Q000639:trends*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012737:Sex Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: aged; chronic health conditions; mental health; multimorbidity; veterans