title: Surfactin, Iturin, and Fengycin Biosynthesis by Endophytic Bacillus sp. from Bacopa monnieri.
abstract: Endophytic microorganisms which are ubiquitously present in plants may colonize intracellularly or intercellularly without causing any diseases. By living within the unique chemical environment of a host plant, they produce a vast array of compounds with a wide range of biological activities. Because of this, natural products of endophytic origin have been exploited for antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. Also, they can be considered to function as an efficient microbial barrier to protect plants from various pathogens. In the present study, endophytic bacterium BmB 9 with antifungal and antibacterial activity isolated from the stem tissue of Bacopa monnieri was studied for the molecular and chemical basis of its activity. PCR-based genome mining for various biosynthetic gene clusters proved the presence of surfactin, iturin, and type I polyketide synthase (PKS) genes in the isolate. The LC-MS/MS based analysis of the extract further confirmed the production of surfactin derivatives (M + H(+)-1008.6602, 1022.6755), iturin (M + H(+)-1043.5697), and fengycin (M + H(+)-1491.8195, 1477.8055) by the selected bacterial isolate. The 16S rDNA sequence similarity based analysis identified the isolate BmB 9 as Bacillus sp. with 100 % identity to Bacillus sp. LCF1 (KP257289).
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, PD Hills (PO), Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jasim
authors.affiliation: School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidhyapeetham, Clapppana, Kollam, Kerala, 690 525, India.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Sreelakshmi
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, PD Hills (PO), Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India.
authors.forename: Jyothis
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, PD Hills (PO), Kottayam, Kerala, 686 560, India. radhakrishnanek@mgu.ac.in.
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Radhakrishnan
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D001407:Bacillus / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D034681:Bacopa / Q000382:microbiology*; D001688:Biological Products / Q000378:metabolism; D060026:Endophytes / Q000378:metabolism; D055666:Lipopeptides / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005810:Multigene Family; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D001688:Biological Products; D055666:Lipopeptides; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; C049972:fengycin
keywords: Bacopa monnieri; Endophytic Bacillus sp.; LC-MS/MS; Lipopetide antibiotics; PCR-based genome mining