title: Early-life stress exposure associated with altered prefrontal resting-state fMRI connectivity in young children.
abstract: Early-life stress (ELS) exposure is associated with adverse outcomes across the lifespan. We examined the relation of ELS exposure to resting-state fMRI in children ages 4-7 years. ELS in the first years of life, but not concurrent, was associated with higher regional homogeneity of resting-state fMRI in the left lateral frontal cortex. Resting-state fMRI functional connectivity analyses showed that the region of left lateral frontal cortex demonstrating heightened regional homogeneity associated with ELS was negatively correlated with right temporal/parahippocampal areas. Moreover, higher regional homogeneity in the left lateral frontal cortex and its negative coupling with the right middle temporal/parahippocampal areas were associated with poorer performance on a reversal-learning task performed outside the scanner. Association of ELS exposure with regional homogeneity was independent of other early adversities. These findings suggest that ELS may influence the development of cognitive control in the lateral prefrontal cortex and its interactions with temporal cortex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Özlem Ece
authors.initials: ÖE
authors.lastname: Demir-Lira
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Joel L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Voss
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: O'Neil
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.
authors.forename: Margaret J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Briggs-Gowan
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA; Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: lauriew@northwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Lauren S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Wakschlag
authors.affiliation: Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. Electronic address: j-booth@austin.utexas.edu.
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Booth
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017579:Domestic Violence / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012146:Rest; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: Cognitive control; Development; Early-life stress; Prefrontal cortex; Resting-state fMRI