title: Regulating proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts on poly(l-lactide)/gelatin composite nanofibers via timed biomineralization.
abstract: Mimicking the natural bone extracellular matrix, biomineralized nanofibers are envisioned as good choices for bone regeneration. Herein, composite nanofibers composed of poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) and gelatin (50/50, w/w) were electrospun and soaked in a modified five times simulated body fluid (SBF) for 6-24 h. Along with the soaking time, the amounts of deposited minerals increased, and the minerals transformed from dicalcium phosphate dehydrate (DCPD) to hydroxyapatite (HA). Mineral dissolution and Ca(2+) ion release of these biomineralized nanofibers were investigated by putting them in deionized water or Hank's balanced salt solution. MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts were cultured in transwell chambers without contacting the materials or on the biomineralized nanofibers directly. In the noncontact culture, the released ions were found able to enhance osteogenic differentiation more significantly in comparison with cell proliferation. In the contact culture, all biomineralized nanofibers demonstrated strong ability in promoting both cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Due to the fast dissolution of DCPD, the biomineralized nanofibers obtained from short SBF soaking was found to be inferior in enhancing osteogenic differentiation. Whereas the cells displayed high levels of alkaline phosphatase activity and collagen I synthesis when the material had abundant deposition of apatite. The results revealed that cell biological behaviors were synergistically influenced by the ionic dissolution products, the composition, and the morphology of biomineralized nanofibers, which could be regulated by timed biomineralization. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1968-1980, 2016.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Caijin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Man
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jinle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Pengfei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.|Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.|Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D002417:Cattle; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005780:Gelatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008970:Molecular Weight; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D011091:Polyesters / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D011091:Polyesters; C033616:poly(lactide); D005780:Gelatin; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase
keywords: biomineralization; bone regeneration; tissue engineering