title: Digestive enzyme activity in the intestine of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) under pond and cage farming systems.
abstract: The effect of different farming systems (cage, pond) upon digestive enzyme activities of Nile tilapia was evaluated. Juvenile Nile tilapia (87.61 ± 1.52 g) were simultaneously cultured in pond and cage systems during 90 days. Cages used nutritional biphasic plan (35 and 32 % crude protein-CP feeds) and ponds used nutritional triphasic plan (35, 32 and 28 % CP feeds). Biometric measurements were monthly performed for adjustments in feeding regimes and removal of intestine tissues to evaluate the performance of enzyme activities. Total proteolytic, amylase and lipase activities were not statistically different between the treatments throughout the periods analyzed (31, 63 and 94 days of culture). However, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities were higher with 31 and 63 days of culture in fish from pond system, suggesting that natural food may have influenced these activities. A positive correlation was observed between the recommended concentration of essential amino acids for Nile tilapia and specific aminopeptidases activity in fish cage system. Substrate-SDS-PAGE revealed 12 active proteolytic bands in both systems. However, integrated density (ID) values were higher in the bands of ponds. Specimens of either cage or pond exhibited five bands of amylolytic activity. Fish from cage and pond systems showed the highest values of ID within 31 days of cultivation. In this study, the complexity of digestive functions could be verified for animals maintained under commercial conditions. Some of the assessed enzymes may show adaptations of their activities and/or expression that allow the fish to achieve a more efficient nutrient assimilation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Enzimologia (LABENZ), Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-420, Brazil.|Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-901, Brazil.|Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada, Av. Gregório Ferraz Nogueira, S/N - José Tomé de Souza Ramos, Serra Talhada, PE, CEP 56909-535, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana Ferreira
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Enzimologia (LABENZ), Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-420, Brazil.|Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karollina Lopes Siqueira
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Enzimologia (LABENZ), Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-420, Brazil.|Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Caio Rodrigo Dias
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Assis
authors.affiliation: Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco (IPA), Fazenda Saco, Serra Talhada, PE, CEP 56900-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Augusto Martins
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Guerra
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Aquicultura (LAM), Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lemos
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Enzimologia (LABENZ), Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-420, Brazil.|Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Bezerra
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Enzimologia (LABENZ), Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-420, Brazil. ransoube@uol.com.br.|Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, CEP 50670-901, Brazil. ransoube@uol.com.br.
authors.forename: Ranilson Souza
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Bezerra
mesh_terms: D000626:Aminopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D000681:Amylases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture / Q000379:methods*; D002918:Chymotrypsin / Q000378:metabolism; D023681:Cichlids / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D004063:Digestion / Q000502:physiology; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000201:enzymology*; D008049:Lipase / Q000378:metabolism; D010839:Phytoplankton; D061005:Ponds; D014357:Trypsin / Q000378:metabolism; D015048:Zooplankton
chemical_list: D029941:Fish Proteins; D008049:Lipase; D000681:Amylases; D000626:Aminopeptidases; D002918:Chymotrypsin; D014357:Trypsin
keywords: Cage; Digestive enzymes; Farming systems; Nile tilapia; Pond