title: Effect of intrauterine growth pattern on serum visfatin concentrations in full-term infants at birth and at 6 months of life.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Visfatin is a hormone discovered in fat cells and is directly related to diabetes. We aimed to investigate the relationship between intrauterine growth pattern and serum visfatin concentrations in full-term infants at birth and at 6 months of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cord blood visfatin concentrations were assessed in 90 full-term neonates enrolled into; Group I: 30 appropriate for gestational age (AGA) neonates to healthy mothers, Group II: 30 intra-uterine growth restricted (IUGR) neonates, 19 were born to mothers with pre-eclampsia, Group III: 30 large for gestational age (LGA) neonates, 16 were infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs). Neonates were followed up at six months of age for visfatin concentrations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cord blood visfatin concentrations were increased in IUGR compared to AGA group (p = 0.002). Cord blood visfatin concentrations were increased in LGA compared to AGA and IUGR groups (P <  0.001, P <  0.001). Cord blood visfatin concentrations were positively correlated to birth weight in AGA, LGA groups (r = 0.39, p = 0.045, r = 0.449, p = 0.013 respectively). Visfatin concentrations in neonates born to mothers with pre-eclampsia and IDMs were higher than in those born to mothers without pre-eclampsia and to non-diabetic mothers (p = 0.040, p = 0.002 respectively). At six months, serum visfatin concentrations decreased compared to cord blood visfatin concentrations in IUGR and LGA groups (p <  0.001). Levels in LGA were still higher than IUGR (p = 0.004). Serum visfatin concentrations were positively correlated to cord visfatin in IUGR neonates (r = 0.497, p = 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cord blood visfatin concentrations were increased in LGA and IUGR neonates. At six months, serum visfatin concentrations decreased compared to cord blood visfatin concentrations in LGA and IUGR groups, still higher in the former than the latter.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatric and Neonatology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: El Shemi
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatric and Neonatology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: AbdelRahman
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abdel Al
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Ramadan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001724:Birth Weight; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D004534:Egypt; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000097:blood*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; C085455:nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, human
keywords: AGA; Adipokine; IDMs; IUGR; LGA; fetal growth; infants of pre-eclamptic mothers; visfatin