title: Psf3 is a prognostic biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma: a larger trial using tissue microarrays of 864 consecutive resections.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Partner of Sld five (Psf) 3 is a member of the evolutionarily conserved heterotetrameric complex GINS (Go-Ichi-Ni-San). We previously reported that Psf3 could serve as a biomarker of poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. Here, we used tissue microarrays to analyse Psf3 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and investigated whether its expression is associated with survival outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 864 consecutive patients with lung adenocarcinoma who underwent complete resection at Hyogo Cancer Center between January 2002 and December 2009. Tissue microarrays were prepared, and Psf3 was detected using mouse antihuman Psf3 primary monoclonal antibodies. The status of Psf3 expression was determined using these microarrays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 864 patients, 375 had high-positive Psf3 expression and 489 had low-positive expression. Psf3 expression was significantly associated with age, sex, T factor, lymph node metastasis, stage and P factor. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate was significantly lower in patients with high-positive Psf3 expression than in those with low-positive expression, and Psf3 expression, sex, age, T factor and lymph node metastasis were identified as independent and significant prognostic determinants. Among patients with Stage I adenocarcinoma, the 5-year DFS rate was significantly lower in those with high-positive Psf3 expression than in those with low-positive expression, and Psf3 expression was the most powerful survival predictor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present findings strengthened our previous data demonstrating that high Psf3 expression in primary lung adenocarcinoma plays an important role in disease progression and is a prognostic indicator, particularly in early-stage adenocarcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Japan.
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tauchi
authors.affiliation: Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuntaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tane
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hokka
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Japan.
authors.forename: Yugo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Hyogo Cancer Center, Hyogo prefecture, Japan.
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Nishio
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Hyogo Cancer Center, Hyogo prefecture, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.affiliation: Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Japan.
authors.forename: Emmy
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yanagita
authors.affiliation: Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshitake
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Japan maniwa@med.kobe-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshimasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maniwa
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000032:analysis*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012737:Sex Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; C521092:GINS3 protein, human
keywords: Adjuvant therapy; GINS complex; Lung adenocarcinoma; Prognostic indicator; Psf3; Tissue microarray