title: Chemical Elicitor-Induced Modulation of Antioxidant Metabolism and Enhancement of Secondary Metabolite Accumulation in Cell Suspension Cultures of Scrophularia kakudensis Franch.
abstract: Scrophularia kakudensis is an important medicinal plant with pharmaceutically valuable secondary metabolites. To develop a sustainable source of naturaceuticals with vital therapeutic importance, a cell suspension culture was established in S. kakudensis for the first time. Friable calli were induced from the leaf explants cultured on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 3.0 mg·L(-1) 6-benzyladenine (BA) in a combination with 2 mg·L(-1) 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D). From the callus cultures, a cell suspension culture was initiated and the cellular differentiation was investigated. In addition, the effect of biotic elicitors such as methyl jasmonate (MeJa), salicylic acid (SA), and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on the accumulation of secondary metabolites and antioxidant properties was demonstrated. Among the elicitors, the MeJa elicited the accumulation of total phenols, flavonoids, and acacetin, a flavonoid compound with multiple pharmaceutical values. Similarly, the higher concentrations of the MeJa significantly modulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes and enhanced the scavenging potentials of free radicals of cell suspension extracts. Overall, the outcomes of this study can be utilized for the large scale production of pharmaceutically important secondary metabolites from S. kakudensis through cell suspension cultures.
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea. abinayamanivannan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Abinaya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manivannan
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea. prabhakaran.s.bioinfo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Prabhakaran
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soundararajan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea. ygpark615@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yoo Gyeong
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea. brjeong@gmail.com.|Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea. brjeong@gmail.com.|Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea. brjeong@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Byoung Ryong
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Jeong
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000378:metabolism; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000494:pharmacology; D010636:Phenols / Q000378:metabolism; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D032266:Scrophularia / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000975:Antioxidants; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D005419:Flavonoids; D054883:Oxylipins; D010636:Phenols; D009599:Nitroprusside; C072239:methyl jasmonate; D020156:Salicylic Acid
keywords: acacetin; antioxidant enzymes activity; cell culture; elicitation; free radicals; secondary metabolites