title: Preoperative Differential Diagnosis of Canine Adrenal Tumors Using Triple-Phase Helical Computed Tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the computed tomography (CT) findings for canine adrenal tumors, including cortical adenoma, cortical adenocarcinoma, and pheochromocytoma, and to evaluate the feasibility and usefulness of preoperative triple-phase helical CT for differentiation of tumor types and surgical planning.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dogs with adrenal tumors (n=36).
  
  
  METHODS
  All dogs underwent triple-phase helical CT, followed by adrenalectomy and histopathological diagnosis of the resected mass. Precontrast images, arterial, venous, and delayed phase images were obtained. In all cases, morphological characteristics and CT values and calculations, including the percentage enhancement washout ratio, relative percentage washout, enhancement washin, and enhancement washout, were analyzed and compared among the tumor types.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 36 dogs with adrenal masses, cortical adenocarcinoma was most commonly diagnosed (16 dogs), followed by pheochromocytoma (13 dogs), and cortical adenoma (7 dogs). The precontrast minimum CT value and enhancement washout between venous and delayed phases in the cortical adenoma were significantly higher than those in the cortical adenocarcinoma. The maximum CT values of the precontrast image and arterial and venous phases, the enhancement washin and washouts, percentage enhancement washout ratio, and relative percentage washout in the pheochromocytomas were significantly higher than those in cortical adenocarcinoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The differential diagnosis of canine adrenal tumors was feasible based on triple-phase CT findings, including morphological features, CT values, and intratumoral contrast attenuation. Preoperative diagnosis using triple-phase helical CT may be useful for surgical planning in dogs with adrenal tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Orie
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kutara
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Mamiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishigaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Teshima
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Chieko
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Gentoku
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Edamura
authors.affiliation: North Lab, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kagawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazushi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asano
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary; D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D000315:Adrenalectomy / Q000662:veterinary; D018268:Adrenocortical Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010673:Pheochromocytoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000662:veterinary; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media