title: Efficient biodegradation of phenanthrene by a novel strain Massilia sp. WF1 isolated from a PAH-contaminated soil.
abstract: A novel phenanthrene (PHE)-degrading strain Massilia sp. WF1, isolated from PAH-contaminated soil, was capable of degrading PHE by using it as the sole carbon source and energy in a range of pH (5.0-8.0), temperatures (20-35 °C), and PHE concentrations (25-400 mg L(-1)). Massilia sp. WF1 exhibited highly effective PHE-degrading ability that completely degraded 100 mg L(-1) of PHE over 2 days at optimal conditions (pH 6.0, 28 °C). The kinetics of PHE biodegradation by Massilia sp. WF1 was well represented by the Gompertz model. Results indicated that PHE biodegradation was inhibited by the supplied lactic acid but was promoted by the supplied carbon sources of glucose, citric acid, and succinic acid. Salicylic acid (SALA) and phthalic acid (PHTA) were not utilized by Massilia sp. WF1 and had no obvious effect on PHE biodegradation. Only two metabolites, 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (1H2N) and PHTA, were identified in PHE biodegradation process. Quantitatively, nearly 27.7 % of PHE was converted to 1H2N and 30.3 % of 1H2N was further metabolized to PHTA. However, the PHTA pathway was broken and the SALA pathway was ruled out in PHE biodegradation process by Massilia sp. WF1.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. wanghz@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Haizhen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Haiping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.|Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
authors.forename: Laosheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.|Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agro-Environmental Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Jianming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D009284:Naphthols / Q000378:metabolism; D042802:Oxalobacteraceae / Q000378:metabolism*; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009284:Naphthols; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D010795:Phthalic Acids; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C031181:phenanthrene; C032279:phthalic acid; C050175:1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid
keywords: Biodegradation; Massilia sp. WF1; Metabolic pathway; Phenanthrene