title: Clearance of cardiovascular medications during hemodialysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the current understanding of hemodialysis-mediated clearance of commonly used cardiovascular medications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although cardiovascular drug dialyzability is poorly understood, many drug classes appear to include agents with substantially different degrees of dialyzability. Recent data suggest that more readily dialyzable beta-blockers associate with higher short-term mortality in patients initiating these drugs when on hemodialysis. Although this relationship was not observed in a later study with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors of varying dialyzability, studies of this kind are currently limited by pharmacokinetic data that are either incomplete or no longer applicable to modern hemodialysis procedures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are substantial deficits in our understanding of cardiovascular medication dialyzability, which relates in large part to advances in the process of hemodialysis that have rendered older studies of dialyzability irrelevant. The importance of cardiovascular disease in patients receiving hemodialysis demands a better understanding of the effect hemodialysis exerts on cardiovascular drug pharmacokinetics.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada bDivision of Renal Disease and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA cDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine dDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Alvin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tieu
authors.forename: Maxwell
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leither
authors.forename: Bradley L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Urquhart
authors.forename: Matthew A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Weir
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents