title: Antiretroviral Drugs-Loaded Nanoparticles Fabricated by Dispersion Polymerization with Potential for HIV/AIDS Treatment.
abstract: Highly active antiretroviral (ARV) therapy (HAART) for chronic suppression of HIV replication has revolutionized the treatment of HIV/AIDS. HAART is no panacea; treatments must be maintained for life. Although great progress has been made in ARV therapy, HIV continues to replicate in anatomical and intracellular sites where ARV drugs have restricted access. Nanotechnology has been considered a platform to circumvent some of the challenges in HIV/AIDS treatment. Dispersion polymerization was used to fabricate two types (PMM and ECA) of polymeric nanoparticles, and each was successfully loaded with four ARV drugs (zidovudine, lamivudine, nevirapine, and raltegravir), followed by physicochemical characterization: scanning electron microscope, particle size, zeta potential, drug loading, and in vitro availability. These nanoparticles efficiently inhibited HIV-1 infection in CEM T cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells; they hold promise for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. The ARV-loaded nanoparticles with polyethylene glycol on the corona may facilitate tethering ligands for targeting specific receptors expressed on the cells of HIV reservoirs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), College of Pharmacy, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Oluwaseun
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ogunwuyi
authors.affiliation: Center for Sickle Cell Disease, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Namita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kumari
authors.affiliation: Center for Sickle Cell Disease, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Kahli A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), College of Pharmacy, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Oleg
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bolshakov
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), College of Pharmacy, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Simeon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adesina
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Ayele
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gugssa
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Winston A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: Center for Sickle Cell Disease, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.; Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Sergei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nekhai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), College of Pharmacy, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Emmanuel O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Akala
keywords: ARV drugs; CEM T cells; GALT; PBMCs; dispersion polymerization; nanoparticles