title: Conjugated linoleic acids suppress inflammatory response and ICAM-1 expression through inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK signaling in human bronchial epithelial cells.
abstract: Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) comprise a group of natural unsaturated fatty acids. CLA was reported to have anti-asthma, anti-adiposity, and anti-tumor effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the suppressive effects of cis-9, trans-11-CLA (c9,t11-CLA) on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in TNF-α-stimulated human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells. After treating with various doses of c9,t11-CLA (12.5-100 μg ml(-1)), BEAS-2B cells were induced into an inflamed state by adding TNF-α or TNF-α/IL-4. The presence of c9,t11-CLA significantly suppressed the secretion of cytokines IL-6, IL-8, CCL5, and MCP-1. We also found that c9,t11-CLA inhibited ICAM-1 expression, and decreased monocyte adhesion to inflamed bronchial epithelial cells. Interestingly, c9,t11-CLA attenuated the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and down-regulated the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). These results suggested that the anti-inflammatory effects of c9,t11-CLA were mediated by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and ICAM-1 expression by blocking NF-κB transcription regulation and by attenuating MAPK signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan and Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan. ccliu@gw.cgust.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Wen-Chung
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Rong-Syuan
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology and Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan and Department of Food Science, Nutrition, and Nutraceutical Biotechnology, Shih Chien University, No. 70, Dazhi St., Zhongshan Dist., Taipei City 104, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yun-Yun
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chwan-Fwu
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan. ccliu@gw.cgust.edu.tw and Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33303, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chian-Jiun
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Liou
mesh_terms: D001980:Bronchi / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases