title: Virosome engineering of colloidal particles and surfaces: bioinspired fusion to supported lipid layers.
abstract: Immunostimulating reconstituted influenza virosomes (IRIVs) are liposomes with functional viral envelope glycoproteins: influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase intercalated in the phospholipid bilayer. Here we address the fusion of IRIVs to artificial supported lipid membranes assembled on polyelectrolyte multilayers on both colloidal particles and planar substrates. The R18 assay is used to prove the IRIV fusion in dependence of pH, temperature and HA concentration. IRIVs display a pH-dependent fusion mechanism, fusing at low pH in analogy to the influenza virus. The pH dependence is confirmed by the Quartz Crystal Microbalance technique. Atomic Force Microscopy imaging shows that at low pH virosomes are integrated in the supported membrane displaying flattened features and a reduced vertical thickness. Virosome fusion offers a new strategy for transferring biological functions on artificial supported membranes with potential applications in targeted delivery and sensing.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fleddermann
authors.affiliation: Soft Matter Nanotechnology Group, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182 C, 20009 San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain. smoya@cicbiomagune.es.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Diamanti
authors.affiliation: Biosurfaces Group, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182 C, 20009 San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain and Structural Biology Unit, CIC bioGUNE Technological Park, Bld 800 48160 Derio, Vizcaya, Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Azinas
authors.affiliation: Soft Matter Nanotechnology Group, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182 C, 20009 San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain. smoya@cicbiomagune.es.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Košutić
authors.affiliation: Surflay Nanotec GmbH, Max Planck Str.3, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dähne
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Estrela-Lopis
authors.affiliation: Mymetics SA, Route de la Corniche 4, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amacker
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Donath
authors.affiliation: Soft Matter Nanotechnology Group, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo Miramón 182 C, 20009 San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain. smoya@cicbiomagune.es.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Moya
mesh_terms: D057005:Bioengineering; D003102:Colloids; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000737:chemistry; D008561:Membrane Fusion; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D058525:Quartz Crystal Microbalance Techniques; D022701:Virosomes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D003102:Colloids; C543345:H1N1 virus hemagglutinin; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D022701:Virosomes