title: Diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG-labeled white blood cell PET/CT for cyst infection in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cyst infection (CI) is a common problem in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and the accurate detection of infected cysts is very important. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose-labeled white blood cell (WBC) PET/computed tomography (CT) for detection of infected cysts in patients with ADPKD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen patients with ADPKD (male : female, 6 : 11; age, 53±9 years) and suspected CI were enrolled in this prospective study. Patients were classified as having definite/probable/possible CI. All patients underwent WBC PET/CT within 2 days of starting antibiotic treatment. The degree of WBC accumulation was evaluated qualitatively by nuclear medicine physicians. The diagnostic performance of WBC PET/CT was evaluated by sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values. These values were compared with those generated from CT scans and MRI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven patients were classified as having renal CI (definite 6, probable 1). In this group, WBC PET/CT showed six positive findings and one equivocal finding. Seven patients were diagnosed with possible infection. In this group, WBC PET/CT showed six negative findings and one indeterminate finding. The diagnostic performance of WBC PET/CT showed advantages over CT or MRI scans (sensitivity 85.7%, specificity 87.5%, positive predictive value 85.7%, negative predictive value 87.5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This prospective study shows that WBC PET/CT can provide an accurate diagnosis of CI in patients with ADPKD.
authors.affiliation: Departments of aNuclear Medicine bInternal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine cCancer Research Institute, Seoul National University dDepartment of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul eDepartment of Internal Medicine, The Korean Armed Forces Capital Hospital fDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Woo
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Ho-Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young-Hwan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Hayne Cho
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Curie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Keon Wook
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003560:Cysts / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016891:Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant / Q000150:complications*; D000072078:Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18