title: Bioremediation of Hexavalent Chromium Pollution by Sporosarcina saromensis M52 Isolated from Offshore Sediments in Xiamen, China.
abstract: Cr(VI) removal from industrial effluents and sediments has attracted the attention of environmental researchers. In the present study, we aimed to isolate bacteria for Cr(VI) bioremediation from sediment samples and to optimize parameters of biodegradation.
  
  
  
  Strains with the ability to tolerate Cr(VI) were obtained by serial dilution and spread plate methods and characterized by morphology, 16S rDNA identification, and phylogenetic analysis. Cr(VI) was determined using the 1,5-diphenylcarbazide method, and the optimum pH and temperature for degradation were studied using a multiple-factor mixed experimental design. Statistical analysis methods were used to analyze the results.
  
  
  
  Fifty-five strains were obtained, and one strain (Sporosarcina saromensis M52; patent application number: 201410819443.3) having the ability to tolerate 500 mg Cr(VI)/L was selected to optimize the degradation conditions. M52 was found be able to efficiently remove 50-200 mg Cr(VI)/L in 24 h, achieving the highest removal efficiency at pH 7.0-8.5 and 35 °C. Moreover, M52 could completely degrade 100 mg Cr(VI)/L at pH 8.0 and 35 °C in 24 h. The mechanism involved in the reduction of Cr(VI) was considered to be bioreduction rather than absorption.
  
  
  
  The strong degradation ability of S. saromensis M52 and its advantageous functional characteristics support the potential use of this organism for bioremediation of heavy metal pollution.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Bi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Jinshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201599, China.
authors.forename: Qing Tao
authors.initials: QT
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Xiao Xia
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Dong Bei
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Xiamen Medical School, Xiamen 361008, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fan
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002681:China; D002857:Chromium / Q000378:metabolism*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics*; D058644:Sporosarcina / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D002857:Chromium; C074702:chromium hexavalent ion
keywords: Degradation; Hexavalent chromium; Sediment; Sporosarcina saromensis