title: Calcium Sensors as Key Hubs in Plant Responses to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses.
abstract: The Ca(2+) ion is recognized as a crucial second messenger in signaling pathways coupling the perception of environmental stimuli to plant adaptive responses. Indeed, one of the earliest events following the perception of environmental changes (temperature, salt stress, drought, pathogen, or herbivore attack) is intracellular variation of free calcium concentrations. These calcium variations differ in their spatio-temporal characteristics (subcellular location, amplitude, kinetics) with the nature and strength of the stimulus and, for this reason, they are considered as signatures encrypting information from the initial stimulus. This information is believed to drive a specific response by decoding via calcium-binding proteins. Based on recent examples, we illustrate how individual calcium sensors from the calcium-dependent protein kinase and calmodulin-like protein families can integrate inputs from various environmental changes. Focusing on members of these two families, shown to be involved in plant responses to both abiotic and biotic stimuli, we discuss their role as key hubs and we put forward hypotheses explaining how they can drive the signaling pathways toward the appropriate plant responses.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS Auzeville, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
authors.forename: Benoît
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ranty
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS Auzeville, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aldon
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS Auzeville, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cotelle
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS Auzeville, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Galaud
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS Auzeville, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thuleau
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS Auzeville, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mazars
keywords: CML; CPK; biotic and abiotic stress; calcium sensor; calcium signaling; decoding; plant; specificity