title: Impressions of pharmacogenomic testing among Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists: a mixed-method study.
abstract: Pharmacogenomic testing is useful in helping to predict and explain patient responsiveness to medication. In clinical practice, the use of pharmacogenomic testing has been shown to help reduce adverse drugs events and increase patient satisfaction with their healthcare. Prior to a test being useful, it must have clinical utility. There is a gap in the literature about the perceived clinical utility of pharmacogenomic testing among anesthesia providers.
  
  
  
  This qualitative-quantitative sequential mixed-method study used focused interviews to formulate probes for a quantitative survey aimed at quantifying the perceptions of anesthesia providers about pharmacogenomic testing.
  
  
  
  The results indicate anesthesia providers do not have enough knowledge about pharmacogenomic testing for it to be considered clinically useful in anesthesia practice.
  
  
  
  Although outcomes data indicate pharmacogenomic testing can help predict outcomes, anesthesia providers do not have enough knowledge and have concerns about the ethical implications of pharmacogenomic testing.
authors.affiliation: Center for Evidence Based Practice & Research: A Collaborating Center of the Joanna Briggs Institute, School of Nurse Anesthesia, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298626, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA.
authors.forename: Dru
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Riddle
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
authors.forename: Mat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gregoski
authors.affiliation: Division of Graduate Nursing & Scholarship, Harris College of Nursing & Health Sciences, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298626, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA.
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
authors.forename: Bonnie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dumas
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
authors.forename: Carolyn H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Jenkins
mesh_terms: D000776:Anesthesiology / Q000379:methods; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009719:Nurse Anesthetists / Q000523:psychology*; D000071185:Pharmacogenomic Testing / Q000379:methods*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: anesthesia; clinical utility; factor analysis; mixed-method; pharmacogenomic testing