title: Long-Distance Transport of Thiamine (Vitamin B1) Is Concomitant with That of Polyamines.
abstract: Thiamine (vitamin B1) is ubiquitous and essential for cell energy supply in all organisms as a vital metabolic cofactor, known for over a century. In plants, it is established that biosynthesis de novo is taking place predominantly in green tissues and is furthermore limited to plastids. Therefore, transport mechanisms are required to mediate the movement of this polar metabolite from source to sink tissue to activate key enzymes in cellular energy generating pathways but are currently unknown. Similar to thiamine, polyamines are an essential set of charged molecules required for diverse aspects of growth and development, the homeostasis of which necessitates long-distance transport processes that have remained elusive. Here, a yeast-based screen allowed us to identify Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) PUT3 as a thiamine transporter. A combination of biochemical, physiological, and genetic approaches permitted us to show that PUT3 mediates phloem transport of both thiamine and polyamines. Loss of function of PUT3 demonstrated that the tissue distribution of these metabolites is altered with growth and developmental consequences. The pivotal role of PUT3 mediated thiamine and polyamine homeostasis in plants, and its importance for plant fitness is revealed through these findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland (J.M., E.G.-P., N.S., M.C., A.G., T.B.F.); andInstitute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland (L.B.).
authors.forename: Jacopo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martinis
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland (J.M., E.G.-P., N.S., M.C., A.G., T.B.F.); andInstitute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland (L.B.).
authors.forename: Elisabet
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gas-Pascual
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland (J.M., E.G.-P., N.S., M.C., A.G., T.B.F.); andInstitute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland (L.B.).
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Szydlowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland (J.M., E.G.-P., N.S., M.C., A.G., T.B.F.); andInstitute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland (L.B.).
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Crèvecoeur
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland (J.M., E.G.-P., N.S., M.C., A.G., T.B.F.); andInstitute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland (L.B.).
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gisler
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland (J.M., E.G.-P., N.S., M.C., A.G., T.B.F.); andInstitute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland (L.B.).
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bürkle
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland (J.M., E.G.-P., N.S., M.C., A.G., T.B.F.); andInstitute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland (L.B.) theresa.fitzpatrick@unige.ch.
authors.forename: Teresa B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Fitzpatrick
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001692:Biological Transport; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D052585:Phloem / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011073:Polyamines / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics; D013831:Thiamine / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D011073:Polyamines; C573329:RMV1 protein, Arabidopsis; D013831:Thiamine