title: Trapa japonica Pericarp Extract Reduces LPS-Induced Inflammation in Macrophages and Acute Lung Injury in Mice.
abstract: In this study, we found that chloroform fraction (CF) from TJP ethanolic extract inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and intracellular ROS in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) genes was reduced, as evidenced by western blot. Our results indicate that CF exerts anti-inflammatory effects by down-regulating expression of iNOS and COX-2 genes through inhibition of MAPK (ERK, JNK and p38) and NF-κB signaling. Similarly we also evaluated the effects of CF on LPS-induced acute lung injury. Male Balb/c mice were pretreated with dexamethasone or CF 1 h before intranasal instillation of LPS. Eight hours after LPS administration, the inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined. The results indicated that CF inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-6 production in a dose dependent manner. It was also observed that CF attenuated LPS-induced lung histopathologic changes. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that the protective effect of CF on LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice might relate to the suppression of excessive inflammatory responses in lung tissue. Thus, it can be suggested that CF might be a potential therapeutic agent for ALI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea. kimyonsuk@kku.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yon-Suk
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea. croucard@kku.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jin-Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Chemical Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang 28116, Korea. jangjh@kribb.re.kr.
authors.forename: Jae-Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Chemical Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang 28116, Korea. sonski@kribb.re.kr.
authors.forename: Sangkeun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Son
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, College of Oriental Medicine, Semyung University, Jecheon 27136, Korea. seoib@semyung.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Il-Bok
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong 27909, Korea. jhjeong@ut.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jae-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Acupoint and Meridian, College of Oriental Medicine, Semyung University, Jecheon 27136, Korea. kimeh@semyung.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Ee-Hwa
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea. moon0204@kku.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sang-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea. hannokwon@kku.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Byong-Tae
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea. parkpj@kku.ac.kr.|Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea. parkpj@kku.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Pyo-Jam
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity; D029561:Lythraceae / Q000737:chemistry; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2
keywords: Trapa japonica pericarp; acute lung injury (ALI); anti-inflammatory effect; bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)