title: Effects of chlorpyrifos on the gut microbiome and urine metabolome in mouse (Mus musculus).
abstract: In this study, the toxic effects of clorpyrifos (CPF) on the gut microbiome and related urine metabolome in mouse (Mus musculus) were investigated. Mice were exposed to a daily dose of 1 mg kg(-1) bodyweight of CPF for 30 d. As a result, CPF significantly altered the gut microbiota composition in terms of the relative abundance of key microbes. Meanwhile, CPF exposure induced the alterations of urine metabolites related to the metabolism of amino acids, energy, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), phenyl derivatives and bile acids. High correlations were observed between perturbed gut microbiome and altered metabolic profiles. These perturbations finally resulted in intestinal inflammation and abnormal intestinal permeability, which were also confirm by the histologic changes in colon and remarkable increase of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and diamine oxidase (DAO) in the serum of CPF-treated mice. Our findings will provide a new perspective to reveal the mechanism of CPF toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, School of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Yanping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, School of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China. Electronic address: wangguoxiang@njnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Guoxiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, School of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Ruiming
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Center for Hydrosciences Research, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Xianchuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D006631:Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing) / Q000097:blood; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000378:metabolism; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000633:toxicity*; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000187:drug effects*; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000382:microbiology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D055442:Metabolome / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D006631:Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing); D004390:Chlorpyrifos
keywords: Chlorpyrifos; Gut microbiome; High-throughput sequencing; Metabolomics; Mice