title: The effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus and smoking on periodontal parameters and salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 levels.
abstract: The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and smoking on periodontal parameters and on the levels of salivary matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-8). One hundred and twenty five subjects were divided into five groups: group 1, systemically and periodontally healthy subjects (n = 25); group 2, systemically healthy subjects but with chronic periodontitis (n = 25); group 3, subjects with type 2 DM and chronic periodontitis (n = 25); group 4, smokers with chronic periodontitis (n = 25); group 5, diabetic-smokers with chronic periodontitis (n = 25). MMP-8 level in saliva was estimated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using Quantikine human total MMP-8 immunoassay kit. The result showed that the clinical periodontal parameters and the mean levels of the salivary MMP-8 were significantly higher for diabetic-smokers than other study groups. A highly significant positive correlation (r) between MMP-8 and periodontal parameters was also observed in diabetic-smoker patients. The findings suggest that diabetic-smokers have increased periodontal breakdown and are associated with an increased extent and severity of periodontitis. (J Oral Sci 58, 1-6, 2016).
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Dr. Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University.
authors.forename: Namita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Narinder D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Sagar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.forename: Lata
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Goyal
authors.forename: Akash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Saif
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Shagufta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000201:enzymology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications*; D012463:Saliva / Q000201:enzymology*; D012907:Smoking
chemical_list: D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8