title: Effects of changes in chemical and structural characteristic of ammonia fibre expansion (AFEX) pretreated oil palm empty fruit bunch fibre on enzymatic saccharification and fermentability for biohydrogen.
abstract: Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fibre is widely available in Southeast Asian countries and found to have 60% (w/w) sugar components. OPEFB was pretreated using the ammonia fibre expansion (AFEX) method and characterised physically by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that there were significant structural changes in OPEFB after the pretreatment step, and the sugar yield after enzymatic hydrolysis using a cocktail of Cellic Ctec2® and Cellic Htec2® increased from 0.15gg(-1) of OPEFB in the raw untreated OPEFB sample to 0.53gg(-1) of OPEFB in AFEX-pretreated OPEFB (i.e. almost a fourfold increase in sugar conversion), which enhances the economic value of OPEFB. A biohydrogen fermentability test of this hydrolysate was carried out using a locally isolated bacterium, Enterobacter sp. KBH6958. The biohydrogen yield after 72h of fermentation was 1.68mol H2 per mol sugar. Butyrate, ethanol, and acetate were the major metabolites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Peer Mohamed
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Abdul
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: jamal@ukm.edu.my.
authors.forename: Jamaliah Md
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jahim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Shuhaida
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harun
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Masturah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Markom
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nabilah Aminah
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Lutpi
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Science and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Osman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI 48823, USA.
authors.forename: Venkatesh
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Balan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI 48823, USA.
authors.forename: Bruce E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Dale
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohd Tusirin
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Mohd Nor
mesh_terms: D028023:Arecaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D019149:Bioreactors; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005285:Fermentation; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D010938:Plant Oils; D000073878:Palm Oil
keywords: Ammonia fibre expansion (AFEX); Biohydrogen; Biomass characterisation; Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fibre; Oil palm residues