title: Smoking and Serum Lipid Profiles in Schizophrenia.
abstract: Schizophrenia is associated with a high prevalence of cigarette-smoking and abnormal lipid profiles. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the profiles differ between schizophrenic smokers and non-smokers and whether the lipid profiles are related to psychopathological symptoms. Serum lipid profiles were measured in 130 male inpatients with DSM-IV-defined schizophrenia: 104 smokers and 26 non-smokers. Symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Our results showed that positive PANSS symptoms were fewer in smokers than in non-smokers, while the negative symptoms were fewer in those who smoked more cigarettes. Total protein and globulin levels were significantly lower in the smokers than in the non-smokers. However, there was no significant difference in total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, or apolipoprotein B between the smokers and non-smokers. However, the PANSS positive subscale had a significant negative correlation with the HDL-c levels (a protective factor) in the smokers but not in the non-smokers. Our findings suggest that schizophrenic patients who smoke have fewer psychotic symptoms, but contrary to expectation, smoking does not alter lipid profile levels.
authors.affiliation: Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100096, China.
authors.forename: Hui-Mei
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100096, China.
authors.forename: Yun-Long
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100096, China.
authors.forename: Shu-Ping
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100096, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100096, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Ren
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100096, China.
authors.forename: Fu-De
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Centre for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Xu-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Jair C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Soars
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. Kosten@bcm.edu.
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Kosten
authors.affiliation: Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100096, China. xiang.y.zhang@uth.tmc.edu.|Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA. xiang.y.zhang@uth.tmc.edu.
authors.forename: Xiang-Yang
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids
keywords: Cigarette smoking; Lipid profiles; Nicotine; Schizophrenia; Symptoms