title: Secret talk between adipose tissue and central nervous system via secreted factors-an emerging frontier in the neurodegenerative research.
abstract: First seen as a storage organ, the white adipose tissue (WAT) is now considered as an endocrine organ. WAT can produce an array of bioactive factors known as adipokines acting at physiological level and playing a vital role in energy metabolism as well as in immune response. The global effect of adipokines in metabolic activities is well established, but their impact on the physiology and the pathophysiology of the central nervous system (CNS) remains poorly defined. Adipokines are not only produced by the WAT but can also be expressed in the CNS where receptors for these factors are present. When produced in periphery and to affect the CNS, these factors may either cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) or modify the BBB physiology by acting on cells forming the BBB. Adipokines could regulate neuroinflammation and oxidative stress which are two major physiological processes involved in neurodegeneration and are associated with many chronic neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we focus on four important adipokines (leptin, resistin, adiponectin, and TNFα) and one lipokine (lysophosphatidic acid-LPA) associated with autotaxin, its producing enzyme. Their potential effects on neurodegeneration and brain repair (neurogenesis) will be discussed. Understanding and regulating these adipokines could be an interesting lead to novel therapeutic strategy in order to counteract neurodegenerative disorders and/or promote brain repair.
authors.affiliation: Université de La Réunion, UMR 1188, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490, France.|Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), plateforme CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490, France.
authors.forename: Avinash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Parimisetty
authors.affiliation: Université de La Réunion, UMR 1188, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490, France.|Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), plateforme CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490, France.
authors.forename: Anne-Claire
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Dorsemans
authors.affiliation: Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Rana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Awada
authors.affiliation: Apoptosis and Cell Death Research Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology University, Vellore, India.
authors.forename: Palaniyandi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ravanan
authors.affiliation: Université de La Réunion, UMR 1188, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490, France.|Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), plateforme CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Diotel
authors.affiliation: Université de La Réunion, UMR 1188, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490, France. Christian.Lefebvre-d-Hellencourt@univ-reunion.fr.|Inserm, UMR 1188 Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), plateforme CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, F-97490, France. Christian.Lefebvre-d-Hellencourt@univ-reunion.fr.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lefebvre d'Hellencourt
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000503:physiopathology*; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055495:Neurogenesis
keywords: Adipocytokines; Central nervous system; Diabetes; Neurodegeneration; Neurogenesis; Neuroinflammation; Obesity; White adipose tissue