title: Analysis of urine biomarkers for early determination of acute kidney injury in non-septic and non-asphyxiated critically ill preterm neonates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We designed the present study to test the hypothesis that urinary biomarkers might predict acute kidney injury (AKI) development in non-septic and non-asphyxiated critically ill preterm infants. We evaluated urine (u) sistatin-C (uCys-C), kidney injury molecule-1 (uKIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase associate lipocaline (uNGAL) as markers of AKI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-four preterm infants with gestational age between 28 and 32 weeks were included in this study. Biomarkers were measured on day of life (DOL) 1, 3, and 7.
  
  
  RESULTS
  uNGAL levels in the AKI group were significantly higher than in no-AKI group on DOL 1, 3 and 7 (p = 0.016, p = 0.007 and p = 0.0014, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  uNGAL is sensitive, early, and noninvasive AKI biomarkers, increasing significantly in non-septic and non-asphyxiated critically ill preterm neonates.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatric Nephrology.
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Elmas
authors.affiliation: b Department of Neonatology , and.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karadag
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatric Nephrology.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tabel
authors.affiliation: b Department of Neonatology , and.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ozdemir
authors.affiliation: c Department of Biochemistry , İnönü University Medical Faculty , Malatya , Turkey.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Otlu
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016638:Critical Illness; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000652:urine*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D000072596:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine; D000071068:Lipocalin-2 / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C525030:CST3 protein, human; D055316:Cystatin C; C491143:HAVCR1 protein, human; D000072596:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1; C489506:LCN2 protein, human; D000071068:Lipocalin-2
keywords: Acute kidney injury; kidney injury molecule–1; neutrophil gelatinase associate lipocaline; preterm infants; sistatin–C; urine