title: Selective Modulation of MicroRNA Expression with Protein Ingestion Following Concurrent Resistance and Endurance Exercise in Human Skeletal Muscle.
abstract: We examined changes in the expression of 13 selected skeletal muscle microRNAs (miRNAs) implicated in exercise adaptation responses following a single bout of concurrent exercise. In a randomized cross-over design, seven healthy males undertook a single trial consisting of resistance exercise (8 × 5 leg extension, 80% 1 Repetition Maximum) followed by cycling (30 min at ~70% VO2peak) with either post-exercise protein (PRO: 25 g whey protein) or placebo (PLA) ingestion. Muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) were obtained at rest and 4 h post-exercise. Detection of miRNA via quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) revealed post-exercise increases in miR-23a-3p (~90%), miR-23b-3p (~39%), miR-133b (~80%), miR-181-5p (~50%), and miR-378-5p (~41%) at 4 h post-exercise with PRO that also resulted in higher abundance compared to PLA (P < 0.05). There was a post-exercise decrease in miR-494-3p abundance in PLA only (~88%, P < 0.05). There were no changes in the total abundance of target proteins post-exercise or between conditions. Protein ingestion following concurrent exercise can modulate the expression of miRNAs implicated in exercise adaptations compared to placebo. The selective modulation of miRNAs with target proteins that may prioritize myogenic compared to oxidative/metabolic adaptive responses indicate that miRNAs can play a regulatory role in the molecular machinery enhancing muscle protein synthesis responses with protein ingestion following concurrent exercise.
authors.affiliation: Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Centre for Exercise and Nutrition, Australian Catholic UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia; Exercise and Nutrition Research Group, School of Medical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of TechnologyMelbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Donny M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Camera
authors.affiliation: Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Centre for Exercise and Nutrition, Australian Catholic University Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Jun N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Ong
authors.affiliation: Bond Institute of Health and Sport and Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
authors.forename: Vernon G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Coffey
authors.affiliation: Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Centre for Exercise and Nutrition, Australian Catholic UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia; Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool, UK.
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hawley
keywords: adaptation; anabolic; endurance exercise; metabolic; molecular; resistance exercise