title: Mosquito adulticidal activity of the leaf extracts of Spondias mombin L. against Aedes aegypti L. and isolation of active principles.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Aedes aegypti is a domestic mosquito and one of the primary vectors for dengue and yellow fever. Since, it is a vector of deadly diseases, its control becomes essential. Medicinal plants may be an alternative to adulticidal agents since they contain rich source of bioactive compounds. This study was designed to determine the adulticidal activity of Spondias mombin leaf methanol crude extract, n-hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions against female adults of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes and isolate active compound(s) responsible for the bioactivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  All leaf extract and fractions were evaluated for adulticidal activity against Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. Adult mortality was observed after 24 h of exposure. The dichloromethane fraction was further purified being the most active fraction using silica gel column chromatography and the active compounds were identified with the aid of HPLC and LC-ESI-MS/MS. The LC50 and LC90 were determined by Probit analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dichloromethane fraction was the most effective fraction with LC50 value of 2172.815 μg/ml. Compounds identified were mainly ellagic acid and 1-O-Galloyl-6-O-luteoyl-α-D-glucose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The S. mombin leaf extracts and fractions proved to be a strong candidate for a natural, safe and stable adulticide, alternative to synthetic adulticide.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Agulu, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Elijah Eze
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Ajaegbu
authors.forename: Simon Pierre Yinyang
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Danga
authors.forename: Ikemefuna Uzochukwu
authors.initials: IU
authors.lastname: Chijoke
authors.forename: Festus Basden Chiedu
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Okoye
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D027926:Anacardiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D016019:Survival Analysis; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010936:Plant Extracts