title: Efficient Data Gathering in 3D Linear Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks Using Sink Mobility.
abstract: Due to the unpleasant and unpredictable underwater environment, designing an energy-efficient routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) demands more accuracy and extra computations. In the proposed scheme, we introduce a mobile sink (MS), i.e., an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), and also courier nodes (CNs), to minimize the energy consumption of nodes. MS and CNs stop at specific stops for data gathering; later on, CNs forward the received data to the MS for further transmission. By the mobility of CNs and MS, the overall energy consumption of nodes is minimized. We perform simulations to investigate the performance of the proposed scheme and compare it to preexisting techniques. Simulation results are compared in terms of network lifetime, throughput, path loss, transmission loss and packet drop ratio. The results show that the proposed technique performs better in terms of network lifetime, throughput, path loss and scalability.
authors.affiliation: COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan. mariam.akbar@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mariam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akbar
authors.affiliation: COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan. nadeemjavaid@comsats.edu.pk.
authors.forename: Nadeem
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Javaid
authors.affiliation: COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan. ayeshahussainkhan6@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ayesha Hussain
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. cimran@ksu.edu.sa.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imran
authors.affiliation: College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. muhshoaib@ksu.edu.sa.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shoaib
authors.affiliation: Lulea University of Technology, Lulea 97187, Sweden. vasilako@ath.forthnet.gr.
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vasilakos
keywords: courier nodes; direct transmission; energy consumption; mobile sink; underwater wireless sensor network