title: Protective effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG against dyslipidemia in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.
abstract: Recent reports suggest that gut microbiota can be a major determinant of dyslipidemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its modulation by treating probiotics is a valid strategy to exert a protective effect. In this study, high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice were orally administrated with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) for 13 weeks. Significant reductions in the weights of the liver, mesenteric and subcutaneous adipose tissues were observed in LGG-treated HFD-fed mice compared to LGG-non-treated controls. The serum levels of triglyceride and cholesterol were also significantly reduced in LGG-treated mice. Gut microbial composition analysis showed that shifts in the diversity of dominant gut bacteria were caused by HFD and restored by LGG treatment. A remarkable decrease of hepatic fat content was also observed in LGG-treated mice, accompanied by downregulated expressions of lipogenic and pro-inflammatory genes in the liver. LGG-treated mice had lower expression levels of genes involved in cholesterol synthesis, but conversely, higher expression levels of cholesterol efflux-related genes compared to LGG-non-treated controls. The cholesterol-lowering effect of LGG was also found to be mediated by suppression of FXR and FGF15 signaling, resulting in the upregulation of hepatic CYP7A1. Our findings confirm a therapeutic potential of probiotics for ameliorating dyslipidemia and NAFLD.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang, Gyungbuk 791-708, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bobae
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang, Gyungbuk 791-708, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kun-Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang, Gyungbuk 791-708, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yosep
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang, Gyungbuk 791-708, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soyoung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang, Gyungbuk 791-708, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Wilhelm
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Holzapfel
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang, Gyungbuk 791-708, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: ckhyun@handong.edu.
authors.forename: Chang-Kee
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Hyun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D052201:Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus / Q000502:physiology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008820:Mice, Obese; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Cholesterol; Dyslipidemia; Gut microbiota; Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)