title: Teaching psychomotor skills in the twenty-first century: Revisiting and reviewing instructional approaches through the lens of contemporary literature.
abstract: A diverse range of health professionals use psychomotor skills as part of their professional practice roles. Most health disciplines use large or complex psychomotor skills. These skills are first taught by the educator then acquired, performed, and lastly learned. Psychomotor skills may be taught using a variety of widely-accepted and published teaching models. The number of teaching steps used in these models varies from two to seven. However, the utility of these models to teach skill acquisition and skill retention are disputable when teaching complex skills, in contrast to simple skills. Contemporary motor learning and cognition literature frames instructional practices which may assist the teaching and learning of complex task-based skills. This paper reports 11 steps to be considered when teaching psychomotor skills.
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science , Flinders University , Adelaide , Australia.|b Sydney Ultrasound for Women , Sydney , Australia.
authors.forename: Delwyn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nicholls
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science , Flinders University , Adelaide , Australia.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sweet
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science , Flinders University , Adelaide , Australia.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.affiliation: c RPA Women and Babies , Royal Prince Alfred Hospital , Sydney , Australia.|d Discipline of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Sydney , Sydney , Australia.
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hyett
mesh_terms: D003071:Cognition; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate / Q000379:methods*; D000068156:Formative Feedback; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012057:Reinforcement, Verbal; D013337:Students, Medical; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D013663:Teaching