title: Asking 'What about' questions in chronic illness self-management meetings.
abstract: This study investigates 'What about' questions asked by patients in the course of diabetes self-management groups led by nurses, and explores their functions in these empowerment-informed settings.
  
  
  
  Conversation Analysis of 24 video-recorded sessions of a Start Insulin Group Programme for patients with type 2 diabetes, in a diabetes centre in the South of England. The groups included 2-7 patients and were led by 5 nurses, all of whom had received training in the empowerment approach.
  
  
  
  The analysis revealed a prevalence of single-unit 'Whatabout X' questions and found that they were used to embed requests for information in current or just closed activities. The nurses always provided the information, but could ask patients to specify the content of the question and collaborate to the answer.
  
  
  
  The analysis suggests that the short form of the question may be adapting to the nurses' restraint in giving recommendations or immediate responses to information seeking-questions.
  
  
  
  When healthcare communication practices are shaped in observance to a theoretical approach, such as empowerment, it is recommendable that practitioners monitor not only what they do, but also how patients change their habitual forms of speech in response.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK. Electronic address: alessandra.fasulo@port.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fasulo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pragmatics, Institute for the German Language, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zinken
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Psychology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zinken
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D003142:Communication; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D011209:Power, Psychological; D012648:Self Care / Q000523:psychology*; D014741:Video Recording
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin
keywords: Conversation analysis; Empowerment; Epistemics; Nurse-patient communication; What-about questions