title: Cytotoxic mechanisms of immunotherapy: Harnessing complement in the action of anti-tumor monoclonal antibodies.
abstract: Several mAbs that have been approved for the treatment of cancer make use of complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) to eliminate tumor cells. Comprehensive investigations, based on in vitro studies, mouse models and analyses of patient blood samples after mAb treatment have provided key insights into the details of individual steps in the CDC reaction. Based on the lessons learned from these studies, new and innovative approaches are now being developed to increase the clinical efficacy of next generation mAbs with respect to CDC. These improvements include engineering changes in the mAbs to enhance their ability to activate complement. In addition, mAb dosing paradigms are being developed that take into account the capacity as well as the limitations of the complement system to eliminate a substantial burden of mAb-opsonized cells. Over the next few years it is likely these approaches will lead to mAbs that are far more effective in the treatment of cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States. Electronic address: rpt@virginia.edu.
authors.forename: Ronald P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States.
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lindorfer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D003167:Complement Activation; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D003165:Complement System Proteins
keywords: Complement; Immunotherapy of Cancer; Monoclonal antibodies