title: Monitoring the Spread of Swine Enteric Coronavirus Diseases in the United States in the Absence of a Regulatory Framework.
abstract: The reporting and monitoring of swine enteric coronavirus diseases (SECD), including porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and porcine delta coronavirus, in the United States have been challenging because of the initial absence of a regulatory framework and the emerging nature of these diseases. The National Animal Health Laboratory Network, the Emergency Management and Response System, and the Swine Health Monitoring Project were used to monitor the disease situation between May 2013 and March 2015. Important differences existed between and among them in terms of nature and extent of reporting. Here, we assess the implementation of these systems from different perspectives, including a description and comparison of collected data, disease metrics, usefulness, simplicity, flexibility, acceptability, representativeness, timeliness, and stability. This assessment demonstrates the limitations that the absence of premises identification imposes on certain animal health surveillance and response databases, and the importance of federally regulated frameworks in collecting accurate information in a timely manner. This study also demonstrates the value that the voluntary and producer-organized systems may have in monitoring emerging diseases. The results from all three data sources help to establish the baseline information on SECD epidemiological dynamics after almost 3 years of disease occurrence in the country.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota , St. Paul, MN , USA.
authors.forename: Andres M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota , St. Paul, MN , USA.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alba
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota , St. Paul, MN , USA.
authors.forename: Dane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Goede
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture , Fort Collins, CO , USA.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: McCluskey
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota , St. Paul, MN , USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morrison
keywords: United States; epidemiology; monitoring; swine enteric coronavirus