title: [Chromium supplementation in patients with type 2 diabetes and high risk of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chromium is an essential trace mineral for carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, which is currently prescribed to control diabetes mellitus. Results of previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses of chromium supplementation and metabolic profiles in diabetes have been inconsistent.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this meta-analysis was to assess the effects on metabolic profiles and safety of chromium supplementation in type 2 diabetes mellitus and cholesterol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature searches in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were made by use of related terms-keywords and randomized clinical trials during the period of 2000-2014.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirteen trials fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. Total doses of Cr supplementation and brewer's yeast ranged from 42 to 1,000 μg/day, and duration of supplementation ranged from 30 to 120 days. The analysis indicated that there was a significant effect of chromium supplementation in diabetics on fasting plasma glucose with a weighted average effect size of -29.26 mg/dL, p = 0.01, CI 95% = -52.4 to -6.09; and on total cholesterol with a weighted average effect size of -6.7 mg/dL, p = 0.01, CI 95% = -11.88 to -1.53.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The available evidence suggests favourable effects of chromium supplementation on glycaemic control in patients with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: . nutricion@grupoaran.com.
authors.forename: Ismael
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: San Mauro-Martin
authors.forename: Ana María
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ruiz-León
authors.forename: María Alicia
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Camina-Martín
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garicano-Vilar
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Collado-Yurrita
authors.forename: Beatriz de
authors.initials: Bd
authors.lastname: Mateo-Silleras
authors.forename: María De Paz
authors.initials: Mde P
authors.lastname: Redondo Del Río
mesh_terms: D002857:Chromium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014131:Trace Elements; D002857:Chromium
keywords: Cholesterol; Chromium; HbA1c; Hyperglycaemia; Randomized controlled trial; Type 2 diabetes