title: Clinical development of reovirus for cancer therapy: An oncolytic virus with immune-mediated antitumor activity.
abstract: Reovirus is a double-stranded RNA virus with demonstrated oncolysis or preferential replication in cancer cells. The oncolytic properties of reovirus appear to be dependent, in part, on activated Ras signaling. In addition, Ras-transformation promotes reovirus oncolysis by affecting several steps of the viral life cycle. Reovirus-mediated immune responses can present barriers to tumor targeting, serve protective functions against reovirus systemic toxicity, and contribute to therapeutic efficacy through antitumor immune-mediated effects via innate and adaptive responses. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the broad anticancer activity of wild-type, unmodified type 3 Dearing strain reovirus (Reolysin(®)) across a spectrum of malignancies. The development of reovirus as an anticancer agent and available clinical data reported from 22 clinical trials will be reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Jun Gong, Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, United States.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Jun Gong, Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, United States.
authors.forename: Esha
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sachdev
authors.affiliation: Jun Gong, Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, United States.
authors.forename: Alain C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Mita
authors.affiliation: Jun Gong, Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, United States.
authors.forename: Monica M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mita
keywords: Clinical trial; Epidermal growth factor receptor; Immune modulation; Oncolytic virus; Preclinical; Ras; Reovirus; Type 3 Dearing