title: Fumigant Toxicity of Lamiaceae Plant Essential Oils and Blends of Their Constituents against Adult Rice Weevil Sitophilus oryzae.
abstract: To find a new and safe alternative to conventional insecticides, we evaluated the fumigant toxicity of eight Lamiaceae essential oils and their constituents against the adult rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae. Of the eight species tested, hyssop (Hyssopus offcinalis), majoram (Origanum majorana), and Thymus zygis essential oils showed strong fumigant toxicity against S. oryzae adults at 25 mg/L air concentration. Constituents of active essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization detector (FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 13, 15, and 17 compounds were identified from hyssop, majoram, and Thymus zygis essential oils, respectively. Pinocamphone and isopinocamphone were isolated by open column chromatography. Among the test compounds, pinocamphone and isopinocamphone showed the strongest fumigant toxicity against S. oryzae. Sabinene hydrate, linalool, α-terpineol, and terpinen-4-ol exhibited 100% fumigant toxicity against S. oryzae at 3.9 mg/L air concentration. The measured toxicity of the artificial blends of the constituents identified in hyssop, majoram, and Thymus zygis oils indicated that isopinocamphone, terpine-4-ol, and linalool were major contributors to the fumigant toxicity of the artificial blend, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea. ksw1945@naver.com.
authors.forename: Sung-Woong
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea. kazu21c@naver.com.
authors.forename: Hyo-Rim
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Forest Insect Pests and Diseases, Korea Forest Research Institute, Seoul 02455, Korea. pokey12@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Myeong-Jin
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Division of Forest Insect Pests and Diseases, Korea Forest Research Institute, Seoul 02455, Korea. csjung@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Chan-Sik
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea. parkik1@snu.ac.kr.|Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea. parkik1@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Il-Kwon
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005651:Fumigation; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D019686:Lamiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D012275:Oryza / Q000469:parasitology; D048889:Weevils / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009822:Oils, Volatile
keywords: artificial blends; fumigant toxicity; lamiaceae; plant essential oils; rice weevil