title: Biomolecule-loaded chitosan nanoparticles induce apoptosis and molecular changes in cancer cell line (SiHa).
abstract: The present study reports on the synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) using methanol extracts of Gymnema sylvestre (GS) leaves and Cinnamomum zeylanicum (CZ) bark. Biomolecule-loaded nanoparticles induced apoptosis in a human cervical cancer (SiHa) cell line, and experiments were carried out to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. FT-IR and XRD showed possible functional groups of the biomolecules and the crystalline nature of CNPs, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy images revealed that synthesized GSCNPs and CZCNPs had a smooth spherical shape with average sizes of about 58-80 and 60-120nm, respectively. Dynamic light scattering studies indicated that both GSCNPs and CZCNs were structurally stable with homogenous and heterogeneous natures, respectively. Furthermore, synthesized GSCNPs and CZCNPs exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity against the SiHa cancer cell line, with inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 102.17μg/ml, 87.75μg/ml, 132.74μg/ml and 90.35μg/ml for GS leaf extract, GSCNPs, CZBE and CZCNPs, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Anbu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sujima Anbu
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, South Korea.
authors.forename: Palanivel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Velmurugan
authors.affiliation: Sunchang Research Institute of Health and Longevity, Sunchang, Jeonbuk 56015, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, South Korea. Electronic address: btoh@jbnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Byung-Taek
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: pvenkat67@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Perumal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Venkatachalam
mesh_terms: D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D002935:Cinnamomum zeylanicum / Q000737:chemistry*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004339:Drug Compounding; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D031104:Gymnema sylvestre / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D000432:Methanol; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D048271:Chitosan; D020169:Caspases; D000432:Methanol
keywords: Apoptotic pathways; Characterization; Chitosan; In vitro; Nanoparticles