title: Hair cortisol levels, perceived stress and body mass index in women and children living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods: the READI study.
abstract: Disadvantaged communities provide adverse psychosocial exposures that have been linked to high levels of stress, and this may provide one explanatory pathway linking socioeconomic disadvantage to obesity. This study used hair cortisol analysis to quantify associations between stress and body mass index (BMI), and between hair cortisol and perceived psychological stress levels, in women and children living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods. Participants were a volunteer sample of 70 women from the Resilience for Eating and Activity Despite Inequality study, including 30 maternal-child pairs. Women self-reported body weight, height and perceived psychological stress using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and provided hair samples for themselves and their child. Children's body weight and height were measured. Following extraction, hair cortisol levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Multiple linear regression models examined associations between stress and BMI, and between hair cortisol and perceived stress levels in women and children. Women's hair cortisol levels were not associated with their BMI or PSS scores. Women's PSS scores were positively associated with their BMI (p = 0.015). Within maternal-child pairs, mothers and children's hair cortisol levels were strongly positively associated (p = 0.006). Maternal hair cortisol levels and PSS scores were unrelated to their child's zBMI. Children's hair cortisol levels were not associated with their zBMI or with their mother's PSS score. Findings suggest that cortisol-based and perceived psychological measures of stress may be distinct among women and children living in disadvantaged neighborhoods. Perceived psychological measures may be more important predictors of weight-related risk.
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Health , Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University , Burwood , VIC , Australia.
authors.forename: Dana Lee
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Olstad
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Health , Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University , Burwood , VIC , Australia.
authors.forename: Kylie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Health , Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University , Burwood , VIC , Australia.
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Health , Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University , Burwood , VIC , Australia.
authors.forename: Gavin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Health , Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University , Burwood , VIC , Australia.
authors.forename: Erin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Health , Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University , Burwood , VIC , Australia.
authors.forename: Anne Isabella
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Turner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000032:analysis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009035:Mothers; D009765:Obesity; D010465:Perception; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000378:metabolism*; D035862:Vulnerable Populations; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone
keywords: BMI; Perceived psychological stress; acute stress; chronic stress; obesity; physiological stress; socioeconomic disadvantage