title: Mutually exclusive BCOR internal tandem duplications and YWHAE-NUTM2 fusions in clear cell sarcoma of kidney: not the full story.
abstract: Internal tandem duplication within the BCOR gene sequence that encodes the PUFD domain, important in the formation of the non-canonical or variant polycomb repressor complex 1 (v-PRC1), was very recently described in 100% of 20 clear cell sarcomas of kidney (CCSKs). None of those 20 cases bore the YWHAE-NUTM2 transcript, previously described by us in CCSK, and which constitutes the only other recurrent genetic aberration observed in CCSK, prompting consideration that these mutations might be mutually exclusive in CCSK. We analysed a cohort of 159 CCSKs and can now not only confirm that there is indeed mutual exclusivity of these BCOR and YWHAE mutations, but also show that a substantial proportion (in this series 11.8%) of CCSKs bear neither mutation when tested by these assays, raising the possibility of distinct aetiologies for subsets of CCSK. Clinical differences observed between the subsets support this notion. As CCSK may show poor chemo-responsiveness, and current treatment protocols mandate the use of doxorubicin with its associated side-effects, advances in understanding the disease biology with a view to more targeted and personalized treatment is a pressing need.
authors.affiliation: The National Children's Research Centre, Oncology Division, Gate 5, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland.
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kenny
authors.affiliation: Theodor-Boveri-Institute/Biocenter, Developmental Biochemistry, and Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Wuerzburg University, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bausenwein
authors.affiliation: The National Children's Research Centre, Oncology Division, Gate 5, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lazaro
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Saarland University Hospital, 66421, Homburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Rhoikos
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Furtwängler
authors.affiliation: Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Saskia L M
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Gooskens
authors.affiliation: Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marry
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van den Heuvel Eibrink
authors.affiliation: Kiel Paediatric Cancer Registry, Christian Albrechts University, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vokuhl
authors.affiliation: Kiel Paediatric Cancer Registry, Christian Albrechts University, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Ivo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Leuschner
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Saarland University Hospital, 66421, Homburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Graf
authors.affiliation: Theodor-Boveri-Institute/Biocenter, Developmental Biochemistry, and Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Wuerzburg University, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gessler
authors.affiliation: The National Children's Research Centre, Oncology Division, Gate 5, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland.|Histology Laboratory, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland.|University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Maureen J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: O'Sullivan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005260:Female; D020440:Gene Duplication; D050939:Gene Fusion; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D011379:Prognosis; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D018227:Sarcoma, Clear Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences
chemical_list: C411984:BCOR protein, human; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins
keywords: BCOR; PUFD domain; YWHAE-NUTM2; chromosomal translocation; clear cell sarcoma of kidney (CCSK); duplication; fusion gene; t(10;17)(q22;p13); variant PRC1