title: Modern Endodontic Principles Part 4: Irrigation.
abstract: The complex anatomy of the tooth limits the ability to eradicate pathogens by mechanical means alone. Irrigation is the key to solving this problem. This paper highlights the importance of irrigation, the key irrigants available and methods of improving the performance of irrigants within the canal. CPD/CLINICAL RELEVANCE: To provide advice on which irrigants to use, how to use them effectively and safely and what to do if irrigants are extruded beyond the apex.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Darcey
authors.forename: Sarra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jawad
authors.forename: Carly
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Reza Vahid
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Roudsari
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hunter
mesh_terms: D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D012390:Root Canal Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants