title: Molecular characterization of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto and Echinococcus canadensis in humans and livestock from Algeria.
abstract: In Algeria, previous studies investigated genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in animals and identified E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) genotypes G1 and G3 whereas Echinococcus canadensis genotype G6 was only reported from dromedary cysts. Molecular data on human cystic echinococcosis (CE) were limited. We implemented a large genotyping study of hydatid cysts from humans and livestock animals to specify CE's molecular epidemiology and the genetic diversity in Algeria. Fifty-four human CE cysts from patients predominantly admitted in surgical units from Mustapha Hospital, Algiers, and 16 cysts from livestock animals gathered in two geographically distinct slaughterhouses, Tiaret and Tamanrasset, were collected. Molecular characterization was performed using sequencing of two mitochondrial genes, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit I (NDI). In humans, G1 of E. granulosus s.s. was the main genotype (90.7 %); four samples (7.4 %) were characterized as E. granulosus s.s. G3 and one cyst as E. canadensis G6 (1.8 %). This molecular confirmation of E. canadensis G6 human infection in Algeria was observed in a Tuareg female living in a desertic area in Tamanrasset. All cysts from sheep, cattle, and goat were identified as E. granulosus s.s. G1 and the two cysts originating from dromedary as E. canadensis G6. Twenty concatenated haplotypes (COI + NDI) were characterized. Among E. granulosus s.s., one haplotype (HL1) was highly predominant in both humans and animals cysts (71.6 %). This study revealed main occurrence of E. granulosus s.s. in humans and livestock animals, with description of a predominant shared haplotype corresponding to the main worldwide observed haplotype E.granulosus s.s. G1. E. canadensis G6 was limited to South Algeria, in dromedary as well as in human.
authors.affiliation: Parasitology and Mycology department, Mustapha University Hospital, 16000, Algiers, Algeria. zaithouria@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Houria
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zait
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary Science, Ibn-khaldoun University of Tiaret, 14000, Tiaret, Algeria.
authors.forename: Mokhtaria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kouidri
authors.affiliation: Parasitology & Mycology Department, French National Reference Center for Alveolar Echinococcosis and WHO Collaborating Center for Prevention and Treatment of Human Echinococcosis, University Hospital, Besançon, France.|Chrono-environnement, UMR UFC/CNRS 6249 aff. INRA, University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Florence Elisabeth
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Grenouillet
authors.affiliation: ANSES, LRFSN, Unité de Surveillance et Eco-épidémiologie des Animaux Sauvages, National Reference Laboratory for Echinococcus spp, Malzéville, France.
authors.forename: Gérald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Umhang
authors.affiliation: Parasitology & Mycology Department, French National Reference Center for Alveolar Echinococcosis and WHO Collaborating Center for Prevention and Treatment of Human Echinococcosis, University Hospital, Besançon, France.|Chrono-environnement, UMR UFC/CNRS 6249 aff. INRA, University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Millon
authors.affiliation: Parasitology and Mycology department, Mustapha University Hospital, 16000, Algiers, Algeria.
authors.forename: Boussad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hamrioui
authors.affiliation: Parasitology & Mycology Department, French National Reference Center for Alveolar Echinococcosis and WHO Collaborating Center for Prevention and Treatment of Human Echinococcosis, University Hospital, Besançon, France.|Chrono-environnement, UMR UFC/CNRS 6249 aff. INRA, University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Grenouillet
mesh_terms: D000003:Abattoirs; D000462:Algeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D000818:Animals; D002162:Camelus / Q000469:parasitology; D002417:Cattle / Q000469:parasitology; D004443:Echinococcosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000662:veterinary*; D048209:Echinococcus granulosus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D050259:Genes, Mitochondrial; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006041:Goats / Q000469:parasitology; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D058751:Livestock / Q000469:parasitology; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D012756:Sheep / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV
keywords: Algeria; Echinococcus canadensis G6; Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto; Human; Livestock; Molecular epidemiology