title: The Toll of Vascular Insufficiency: Implications for the Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease.
abstract: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) can result in limb loss within six months of diagnosis in a subset of patients who cannot undergo endovascular or surgical revascularization yet continues to maintain a marginal position in cardiovascular research. While a body of literature continues to grow describing the role of danger signaling and innate immunity in cardiac biology, the role of these pathways in the ischemic myopathy associated with PAD has not been extensively studied. The following report will review the current literature on the role of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling in cardiovascular biology as well as in nonischemic myopathy. While attenuation of TLR signaling has not been shown to be clinically useful in the treatment of infectious inflammation, it may show promise in the management of severe arterial insufficiency.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop Street, Suite A1011, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop Street, Suite A1011, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Ulka
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sachdev
mesh_terms: D033942:Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D001158:Arteries / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007511:Ischemia / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D033942:Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport; C507779:MYD88 protein, human; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; C470409:TICAM1 protein, human; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors