title: Enantioselective Determination of Polycyclic Musks in River and Wastewater by GC/MS/MS.
abstract: The separation of chiral compounds is an interesting and challenging topic in analytical chemistry, especially in environmental fields. Enantioselective degradation or bioaccumulation has been observed for several chiral pollutants. Polycyclic musks are chiral and are widely used as fragrances in a variety of personal care products such as soaps, shampoos, cosmetics and perfumes. In this study, the gas chromatographic separation of chiral polycyclic musks, 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclo-penta-γ-2-benzopyrane (HHCB), 7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetra-hydronaphthalene (AHTN), 6-acetyl-1,1,2,3,3,5-hexamethylindane (AHDI), 5-acetyl-1,1,2,6-tetramethyl-3-iso-propylindane (ATII), and 6,7-dihydro-1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-4(5H)-indanone (DPMI) was achieved on modified cyclodextrin stationary phase (heptakis (2,3-di-O-methyl-6-O-tert-butyl-dimethylsilyl-β-CD in DV-1701)). Separation techniques are coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS), as it provides the sensitivity and selectivity needed. River and wastewaters (influents and effluents of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs)) in the Nakdong River were investigated with regard to the concentrations and the enantiomeric ratios of polycyclic musks. HHCB was most frequently detected in river and wastewaters, and an enantiomeric enrichment was observed in the effluents of one of the investigated wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). We reported the contamination of river and wastewaters in Korea by chiral polycyclic musks. The results of this investigation suggest that enantioselective transformation may occur during wastewater treatment.
authors.affiliation: Nakdong River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environment Research, Gyoungbuk 717-873, Korea. ijlee5344@korea.kr.|Department of Chemistry Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. ijlee5344@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Injung
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. algopal99@gmail.com.|Research Institute of Advanced Energy Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. algopal99@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Anantha-Iyengar
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Gopalan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. kplee@knu.ac.kr.|Research Institute of Advanced Energy Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea. kplee@knu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Kwang-Pill
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D010476:Perfume / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D056910:Republic of Korea; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012722:Sewage / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D010476:Perfume; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds; D012722:Sewage; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C008563:musk
keywords: Korea; chiral pollutants; enantioselective transformation; polycyclic musks; river and wastewaters