title: Electrically stimulated liquid-based extraction techniques in bioanalysis.
abstract: Sample preparation is a vital and inseparable part of an analytical procedure. This issue has motivated the analytical research community around the world to develop new, fast and cost-effective extraction methods which can eliminate interfering substances, provide high preconcentration factors and increase the determination sensitivity. Electrical field induced extraction technique is a topic that has received major attention in recent years. This fact can be attributed to the considerable advantages provided by imposition of an electrical driving force especially control of different properties of an extraction system such as selectivity, cleanup, rate and efficiency. In this review, focus is centered on the electrical field induced liquid phase extraction techniques and their potential for bioanalysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rezazadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Yadollah
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamini
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Shahram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seidi
mesh_terms: D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D004566:Electrodes; D059625:Liquid-Liquid Extraction; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations
keywords: bioanalysis; electrical field; electrochemically modulated extraction; electroextraction; electromembrane extraction; sample preparation