title: Long-Latency Feedback Coordinates Upper-Limb and Hand Muscles during Object Manipulation Tasks.
abstract: Suppose that someone bumps into your arm at a party while you are holding a glass of wine. Motion of the disturbed arm will engage rapid and goal-directed feedback responses in the upper-limb. Although such responses can rapidly counter the perturbation, it is also clearly desirable not to destabilize your grasp and/or spill the wine. Here we investigated how healthy humans maintain a stable grasp following perturbations by using a paradigm that requires spatial tuning of the motor response dependent on the location of a virtual target. Our results highlight a synchronized expression of target-directed feedback in shoulder and hand muscles occurring at ∼60 ms. Considering that conduction delays are longer for the more distal hand muscles, these results suggest that target-directed responses in hand muscles were initiated before those for the shoulder muscles. These results show that long-latency feedback can coordinate upper limb and hand muscles during object manipulation tasks.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Communication Technologies, Electronics and Applied Mathematics (ICTEAM), Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium; Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1147-1153
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Crevecoeur
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium; Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jean-Louis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Thonnard
authors.affiliation: Institute of Communication Technologies, Electronics and Applied Mathematics (ICTEAM), Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium; Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2032-3635
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lefèvre
authors.affiliation: Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L3N6, Canada; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L3N6, Canada.
authors.forename: Stephen H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Scott
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004576:Electromyography; D056228:Feedback, Sensory / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006040:Goals; D006225:Hand / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D018737:Hand Strength; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: feedback control; grip force control; motor prediction; object manipulation