title: Intracranial volume (ICV) in isolated sagittal craniosynostosis measured by 3D photocephalometry: A new perspective on a controversial issue.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are still controversies regarding the intracranial volumes in patients with isolated sagittal craniosynostosis compared to a healthy population. This study aimed to compare the intracranial volume of children with sagittal synostosis and scaphocephaly to an age- and gender-matched control cohort using three-dimensional (3D) photogrammetry.
  
  
  METHODS
  62 boys and nine girls with sagittal craniosynostosis were included in this study. The intracranial volume was measured at the first clinical presentation. However, 3D photogrammetry was performed at children not younger than 3 months. The 3D photogrammetric data of 547 healthy boys and 287 healthy girls between the ages of 3-10 month was analyzed to establish an age- and gender-matched control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Male patients with sagittal synostosis showed a significantly reduced intracranial volume compared to the reference group. For female patients, the intracranial volume was slightly lower compared to the norm group, but not significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Male children with sagittal synostosis showed significantly decreased intracranial volume between the age of 3 and 10 months compared to an age- and gender-matched control group. Female patients in the same age group presented a lower intracranial volume compared to the norm group. Measuring intracranial volume using 3D photogrammetry is a comparable and valuable alternative to CT scans that leads to a significant reduction of radiation exposure to the growing brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seeberger
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Freudlsperger
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bodem
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Horn
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: michael.engel@med.uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Engel
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002508:Cephalometry; D003398:Craniosynostoses / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010780:Photogrammetry; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012984:Software
keywords: 3D photogrammetry; Intracranial volume; Sagittal synostosis; Scaphocephaly