title: Sources of varieties and quality of circular Fructus Ligustri Lucidi.
abstract: This study aimed to trace sources and quantitatively analyze the specnuezhenide content of circular Fructus Ligustri Lucidi for clinical use. Different specifications of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi were identified using DNA barcoding technology and the specnuezhenide content was analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The ITS sequence of circular Fructus Ligustri Lucidi was identical to that of standard privet, which was determined through botanical identification. ITS sequence similarity between circular Fructus Ligustri Lucidi and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi which was registered in NCBI ranged from 99.5% to 100%. The sequences of circular and other Fructus Ligustri Lucidi were clustered in a Neighbor-Joining tree with bootstrap value of 95, and these sequences could be distinguished from adulterants. Conforming to pharmacopoeia standard, the average specnuezhenide content of circular Fructus Ligustri Lucidi was higher than that of chicken waist Fructus Ligustri Lucidi. Circular Fructus Ligustri Lucidi derived from Ligustrum lucidum Ait. and the specnuezhenide content was higher in circular Fructus Ligustri Lucidi than that in chicken waist Fructus Ligustri Lucidi.
authors.affiliation: College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Peng
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Hu Qiao Pharmaceutical Co. Engineering Research Center, Bozhou 236000, China.
authors.forename: Si-Jia
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Mei
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Zang
authors.affiliation: Hu Qiao Pharmaceutical Co. Engineering Research Center, Bozhou 236000, China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Sheng
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China. Electronic address: max_liucs@263.net.
authors.forename: Chun-Sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D058893:DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic; D018744:DNA, Plant; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D005960:Glucosides / Q000302:isolation & purification; D031659:Ligustrum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011714:Pyrans / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011786:Quality Control
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D005960:Glucosides; D011714:Pyrans; C083178:nuezhenide
keywords: DNA barcoding; Fructus Ligustri Lucidi; Specifications; Specnuezhenide