title: Evaluation of the National Tips From Former Smokers Campaign: the 2014 Longitudinal Cohort.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Since 2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has aired a national tobacco education campaign to encourage quitting, Tips From Former Smokers (Tips), which consists of graphic antismoking advertisements that feature former cigarette smokers. We evaluated phase 2 of the 2014 campaign by using a nationally representative longitudinal cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cigarette smokers who participated in a baseline survey were re-contacted for follow-up (n = 4,248) approximately 4 months later, immediately after the campaign's conclusion. The primary outcomes were incidence of a quit attempt in the previous 3 months, intention to quit within 30 days, and intention to quit within 6 months during the postcampaign period. We used multivariate logistic regression models to estimate the odds of each outcome. We also stratified models by race/ethnicity, education, and mental health status. Postcampaign rates of quit attempts, intentions to quit, and sustained quits were also estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exposure to the campaign was associated with increased odds of a quit attempt in the previous 3 months (OR, 1.17; P = .03) among baseline smokers and intentions to quit within the next 6 months (OR, 1.28; P = .01) among current smokers at follow-up. The Tips campaign was associated with an estimated 1.83 million additional quit attempts, 1.73 million additional smokers intending to quit within 6 months, and 104,000 sustained quits of at least 6 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Tips campaign continued to have a significant impact on cessation-related behaviors, providing further justification for the continued use of tobacco education campaigns to accelerate progress toward the goal of reducing adult smoking in the United States.
authors.affiliation: Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341. Email: Len2@cdc.gov.
authors.forename: Linda J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Neff
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Deesha
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ridgeway
authors.affiliation: RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shafer
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Shanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cox
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002487:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008402:Mass Media; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult