title: Comparison of Non-Invasive Individual Monitoring of the Training and Health of Athletes with Commercially Available Wearable Technologies.
abstract: Athletes adapt their training daily to optimize performance, as well as avoid fatigue, overtraining and other undesirable effects on their health. To optimize training load, each athlete must take his/her own personal objective and subjective characteristics into consideration and an increasing number of wearable technologies (wearables) provide convenient monitoring of various parameters. Accordingly, it is important to help athletes decide which parameters are of primary interest and which wearables can monitor these parameters most effectively. Here, we discuss the wearable technologies available for non-invasive monitoring of various parameters concerning an athlete's training and health. On the basis of these considerations, we suggest directions for future development. Furthermore, we propose that a combination of several wearables is most effective for accessing all relevant parameters, disturbing the athlete as little as possible, and optimizing performance and promoting health.
authors.affiliation: Integrative and Experimental Training Science, Department of Sports Science, Institute for Sport Sciences, Julius-Maximilians University Würzburg Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Düking
authors.affiliation: Data Mining and Information Retrieval Group, Computer Science VI, Artificial Intelligence and Applied Computer Science, Julius-Maximilians University Würzburg Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hotho
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Mid Sweden UniversityÖstersund, Sweden; School of Sport Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of NorwayTromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Hans-Christer
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Holmberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Franz Konstantin
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Fuss
authors.affiliation: Integrative and Experimental Training Science, Department of Sports Science, Institute for Sport Sciences, Julius-Maximilians University Würzburg Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Billy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sperlich
keywords: health monitoring; performance monitoring; performance parameters; sports technology; wearable technologies