title: Directional fluorescence emission co-enhanced by localized and propagating surface plasmons for biosensing.
abstract: We investigated the simultaneous excitation of localized surface plasmons (LSPs) and propagating surface plasmons (PSPs) on a thin metallic film with an array of nanoholes for the enhancement of fluorescence intensity in heterogeneous bioassays. Experiments supported by simulations reveal that the co-excitation of PSP and LSP modes on the nanohole array in a Kretschmann configuration allows for fluorescence enhancement of about 10(2) as compared to a flat Au surface irradiated off-resonance. Moreover, this fluorescence signal was about 3-fold higher on the substrate supporting both PSPs and LSPs than that on a flat surface where only PSPs were resonantly excited. Simulations also indicated the highly directional fluorescence emission as well as the high fluorescence collection efficiency on the nanohole array substrate. Our contribution attempts to de-convolute the origin of this enhancement and identify further ways to maximize the efficiency of surface plasmon-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy for implementation in ultra-sensitive bioassays.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553. bliedberg@ntu.edu.sg and Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325001 China. wangyi@wibe.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Electronics and Photonics Department, Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138632.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602.
authors.forename: Ten It
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Biosensor Technologies, AIT-Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria. Jakub.dostalek@ait.ac.at.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bauch
authors.affiliation: Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325001 China. wangyi@wibe.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Qingwen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553. bliedberg@ntu.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Jinling
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553. bliedberg@ntu.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Xiaohu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Electronics and Photonics Department, Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138632.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Biosensor Technologies, AIT-Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria. Jakub.dostalek@ait.ac.at.
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dostalek
authors.affiliation: Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553. bliedberg@ntu.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liedberg
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006046:Gold; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D058608:Nanopores / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D006046:Gold