title: Prevalence of macular complications associated with high myopia by multimodal imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the prevalence of macular complications in patients with visual acuity decrease related to high myopia (HM). To establish correlations between these complications and demographic or anatomical characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional observational study including HM patients undergoing best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus examination, macular SD-OCT, and fluorescein angiography in the case of suspicion of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). The presence of anatomical criteria (staphyloma, subfoveal choroidal thickness [CT]) and macular complications (CNV, lacquer cracks, central chorioretinal atrophy, dome-shaped macula with serous retinal detachment [SRD], retinal foveoschisis, macular hole and epiretinal membrane) was investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 87 eyes of 47 patients were included (39 eyes without macular complication and 48 eyes with macular complications). In the case of macular complications, decrease in BCVA was related to CNV in 33%, macular hole in 25%, chorioretinal atrophy in 19%, foveoschisis in 11%, lacquer crack in 6%, to a dome-shape macula with serous retinal detachment in 4% and epiretinal membrane in 2%. After adjusting for interocular correlation and degree of myopia, staphyloma (P=0.0023), choroidal thinning (P=0.0036), and extrafoveal chorioretinal atrophy (P=0.042) were significantly associated with macular complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High myopic patients with staphyloma or choroidal thinning should undergo regular comprehensive retinal screening for retinal complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of ophthalmology, Poitiers university hospital, 2, rue de la Milétrie, 86021 Poitiers, France. Electronic address: olivier.lichtwitz@hotmail.fr.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lichtwitz
authors.affiliation: Department of ophthalmology, Poitiers university hospital, 2, rue de la Milétrie, 86021 Poitiers, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boissonnot
authors.affiliation: Department of ophthalmology, Poitiers university hospital, 2, rue de la Milétrie, 86021 Poitiers, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mercié
authors.affiliation: Department of public health, Poitiers university hospital, 2, rue de la Milétrie, 86021 Poitiers, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ingrand
authors.affiliation: Department of ophthalmology, Poitiers university hospital, 2, rue de la Milétrie, 86021 Poitiers, France; Inserm 1084, 86021 Poitiers, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Leveziel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D064847:Multimodal Imaging; D009216:Myopia / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D047728:Myopia, Degenerative / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Choroidal neovascularization; Choroidal thickness; Complications maculaires; High myopia; Macular complications; Myopie forte; Néovascularisation choroïdienne; Prevalence; Prévalence; Épaisseur choroïdienne