title: Gene aberrations for precision medicine against lung adenocarcinoma.
abstract: Lung adenocarcinoma (LADC), the most frequent histological type of lung cancer, is often triggered by an aberration in a driver oncogene in tumor cells. Examples of such aberrations are EGFR mutation and ALK fusion. Lung adenocarcinoma harboring such mutations can be treated with anticancer drugs that target the aberrant gene products. Additional oncogene aberrations, including RET, ROS1, and NRG1 fusions, skipping of exon 14 of MET, and mutations in BRAF, HER2, NF1, and MEK1, were recently added to the list of such "druggable" driver oncogene aberrations, and their responses to targeted therapies are currently being evaluated in clinical trials. However, approximately 30% and 50% of LADCs in patients in Japan and Europe/USA, respectively, lack the driver oncogene aberrations listed above. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies, such as those that exploit the vulnerabilities of cancer cells with non-oncogene aberrations, are urgently required. This review summarizes the current status of research on precision medicine against LADC and enumerates the research priorities for the near future.
authors.affiliation: Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.|Department of Organ Regulatory Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Motonobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kunitoh
authors.affiliation: Department of Organ Regulatory Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takenoshita
authors.affiliation: Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.|Cancer Genome Biology Group, Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yokota
authors.affiliation: Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kohno
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D000077192:Adenocarcinoma of Lung; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009857:Oncogenes / Q000235:genetics; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000639:trends
chemical_list: C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors
keywords: Chromatin remodeling genes; driver oncogene aberration; gene fusion; molecular targeting therapy; smoking