title: Systematically frameshifting by deletion of every 4th or 4th and 5th nucleotides during mitochondrial transcription: RNA self-hybridization regulates delRNA expression.
abstract: In mitochondria, secondary structures punctuate post-transcriptional RNA processing. Recently described transcripts match the human mitogenome after systematic deletions of every 4th, respectively every 4th and 5th nucleotides, called delRNAs. Here I explore predicted stem-loop hairpin formation by delRNAs, and their associations with delRNA transcription and detected peptides matching their translation. Despite missing 25, respectively 40% of the nucleotides in the original sequence, del-transformed sequences form significantly more secondary structures than corresponding randomly shuffled sequences, indicating biological function, independently of, and in combination with, previously detected delRNA and thereof translated peptides. Self-hybridization decreases delRNA abundances, indicating downregulation. Systematic deletions of the human mitogenome reveal new, unsuspected coding and structural informations.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Émergentes, Faculté de Médecine, URMITE CNRS-IRD 198 UMER 6236, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France. Electronic address: varanuseremius@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seligmann
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D016368:Frameshift Mutation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D054629:Genome, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D009711:Nucleotides / Q000235:genetics*; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D000077278:RNA, Mitochondrial; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D009711:Nucleotides; D000077278:RNA, Mitochondrial; D012313:RNA
keywords: Mimivirus; Natural circular code; Palindrome; Swinger RNA; Systematic deletions; Systematically exchanging nucleotides; Virophage