title: Rapid Degradation and High Renal Clearance of Cu3BiS3 Nanodots for Efficient Cancer Diagnosis and Photothermal Therapy in Vivo.
abstract: A key challenge for the use of inorganic nanomedicines in clinical applications is their long-term accumulation in internal organs, which raises the common concern of the risk of adverse effects and inflammatory responses. It is thus necessary to rationally design inorganic nanomaterials with proper accumulation and clearance mechanism in vivo. Herein, we prepared ultrasmall Cu3BiS3 nanodots (NDs) as a single-phased ternary bimetal sulfide for photothermal cancer therapy guided by multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) and X-ray computed tomography (CT) due to bismuth's excellent X-ray attenuation coefficient. We then monitored and investigated their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. We also used CT imaging to demonstrate that Cu3BiS3 NDs can be quickly removed through renal clearance, which may be related to their small size, rapid chemical transformation, and degradation in an acidic lysosomal environment as characterized by synchrotron radiation-based X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy. These results reveal that Cu3BiS3 NDs act as a simple but powerful "theranostic" nanoplatform for MSOT/CT imaging-guided tumor ablation with excellent metabolism and rapid clearance that will improve safety for clinical applications in the future.
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellent in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellent in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.|College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Pengyang
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellent in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellent in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Liming
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellent in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Dongliang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellent in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Zhanjun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellent in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Jinglong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellent in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Mengyu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellent in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Mingjing
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellent in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Huige
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellent in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellent in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ambient Particles Health Effects and Prevention Techniques, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Chunying
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001729:Bismuth / Q000737:chemistry*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D010316:Particle Size; D061088:Photoacoustic Techniques; D010789:Phototherapy / Q000379:methods; D065608:Renal Reabsorption; D013440:Sulfides / Q000737:chemistry*; D000068936:Theranostic Nanomedicine; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D013440:Sulfides; D003300:Copper; D001729:Bismuth
keywords: Cu3BiS3 nanodots; X-ray computed tomography; chemical transformation; clearance; degradation; multispectral optoacoustic tomography; photothermal therapy