title: Signaling pathways for stress responses and adaptation in Aspergillus species: stress biology in the post-genomic era.
abstract: Aspergillus species are among the most important filamentous fungi in terms of industrial use and because of their pathogenic or toxin-producing features. The genomes of several Aspergillus species have become publicly available in this decade, and genomic analyses have contributed to an integrated understanding of fungal biology. Stress responses and adaptation mechanisms have been intensively investigated using the accessible genome infrastructure. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades have been highlighted as being fundamentally important in fungal adaptation to a wide range of stress conditions. Reverse genetics analyses have uncovered the roles of MAPK pathways in osmotic stress, cell wall stress, development, secondary metabolite production, and conidia stress resistance. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the stress biology of Aspergillus species, illuminating what we have learned from the genomic data in this "post-genomic era."
authors.affiliation: a Medical Mycology Research Center , Chiba University , Chiba , Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hagiwara
authors.affiliation: b National Research Institute of Brewing , Higashi-Hiroshima , Japan.
authors.forename: Kazutoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.affiliation: c Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Tohoku University , Sendai , Japan.
authors.forename: Keietsu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.affiliation: c Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Tohoku University , Sendai , Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gomi
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics*; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D016681:Genome, Fungal; D023281:Genomics; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000235:genetics*; D009997:Osmotic Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000235:genetics*
keywords: Aspergillus; MAPK pathway; TCS system; stress response; transcription factor