title: Stability evaluation of lutein nanodispersions prepared via solvent displacement method: The effect of emulsifiers with different stabilizing mechanisms.
abstract: The stability of lutein nanodispersions was evaluated during storage and when exposed to different environmental conditions. Lutein nanodispersions were prepared using Tween 80, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium caseinate (SC) and SDS-Tween 80 as the emulsifiers. During eight weeks of storage, all samples showed remarkable physical stability. However, only the SC-stabilized nanodispersion showed excellent chemical stability. Under different environmental conditions, the nanodispersions exhibited a varied degree of stability. All nanodispersions showed constant particle sizes at temperatures between 30 and 60°C. However, at pH 2-8, only the SC-stabilized nanodispersion was physically unstable. The addition of NaCl (300-400 mM) only caused flocculation in nanodispersion stabilized by SDS-Tween 80. All nanodispersions were physically stable when subjected to different centrifugation speeds. Only Tween 80-stabilized nanodispersion was stable against the effect of freeze-thaw cycles (no phase separation observed). In this study, there was no particular emulsifier that was effective against all of the environmental conditions tested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Tai Boon
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nor Shariffa
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Yussof
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Faridah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abas
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Hamed
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mirhosseini
authors.affiliation: King Saud University, College of Science, Chemistry Department, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Imededdine Arbi
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Nehdi
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: tancp@upm.edu.my.
authors.forename: Chin Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D045703:Emulsifying Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry*; D014975:Lutein / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D045703:Emulsifying Agents; D004655:Emulsions; D012997:Solvents; D014975:Lutein
keywords: Centrifugation speed; Freeze–thaw cycle; Heat treatment; Ionic strength; Storage stability; pH