title: Sublingual misoprostol plus laminaria for cervical preparation before surgical management of late first trimester missed abortions, a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Comparing the efficacy of low-dose sublingual misoprostol plus laminaria to medium-dose sublingual misoprostol alone for cervical dilation before surgical management of late first trimester missed abortions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, controlled trial evaluated 70 women with missed abortion, admitted for surgical termination of pregnancy. The patients were randomly assigned to receive 200 μg sublingual misoprostol with cervical laminaria (intervention group) or 400 μg sublingual misoprostol without laminaria (control group), four hours before surgical process. The study is registered at www.irct.ir (IRCT2014070711020N4).
  
  
  RESULTS
  More patients in the intervention group achieved the desired cervical dilation (≥Hegar7) before surgical process than the control group (91.4% versus 17.1%, p < 0.001). Patients in the intervention group experienced less pain during the waiting period (mean Visual Analog Scale scores: 30.8 ± 3.7 versus 43.7 ± 5.9, p < 0.001), and had higher satisfaction level (highly satisfied: 97.1% versus 77.1%, p = 0.02). Four patients in the intervention group and none in the control group had spontaneous expulsion of pregnancy products (p = 0.11).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared to medium-dose sublingual misoprostol alone, using a combination of cervical laminaria plus low-dose sublingual misoprostol before surgical process is associated with significantly more effective and rapid cervical dilation, lower requirement for mechanical dilation, lower abdominal pain and discomfort during the waiting period and higher patients' satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khooshideh
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Nasim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yarmohammadi
authors.affiliation: b Department of Anesthesiology , Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran , and.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shahriari
authors.affiliation: c Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
authors.forename: Mahdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sheikh
mesh_terms: D000028:Abortion, Induced; D000030:Abortion, Missed / Q000601:surgery*; D000282:Administration, Intravaginal; D000286:Administration, Sublingual; D000328:Adult; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007747:Labor Stage, First / Q000187:drug effects*; D007795:Laminaria; D016595:Misoprostol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010120:Oxytocics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D010120:Oxytocics; D016595:Misoprostol
keywords: Cervix; dilation; prostaglandin; ripening; termination