title: PIK3CA promotes proliferation and motility but is unassociated with lymph node metastasis or prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: The PIK3CA mutation has been extensively reported in the setting of cancers; however, the clinicopathological significance of PIK3CA expression has rarely been discussed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. In the present study, to confirm the significance of PIK3CA expression in association with metastasis and prognosis, which has been somewhat controversial in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the relationship between clinicopathological features of ESCC and PIK3CA expression was analyzed using immunohistochemistry with a tissue microarray. Meanwhile, as additional verification and an ethnic control, another independent small cohort of Kazakh ESCC were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. To investigate the pilot role of PIK3CA in ESCC cells, ESCC cell lines ECa109 and EC9706 were transiently transfected with specific siRNA against PIK3CA. The silencing effect was detected by Western blot. Cell proliferation was examined using the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide assay; apoptosis and the cell cycles were analyzed by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the migratory and invasive ability were evaluated by wound healing and transwell invasion assay, respectively. Expression of PIK3CA was significantly higher in ESCC than in paired normal controls and was ethnicity independent; no statistically significant difference was observed between PIK3CA expression and sex, age, depth of invasion, tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, or prognosis. Proliferation, migration, and invasion were all markedly reduced after knockout of PIK3CA. Moreover, the cell cycle was arrested at the S phase, and the apoptosis rate was significantly increased, suggesting that PIK3CA plays a key role in promoting the proliferation and motility of ESCC cells.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Medical Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830054 PR China; State Key Lab Incubation Base of Xinjiang Major Diseases Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830054 PR China.
authors.forename: Shutao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Clinical Medical Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830054 PR China; State Key Lab Incubation Base of Xinjiang Major Diseases Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830054 PR China.
authors.forename: Chenchen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Clinical Medical Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830054 PR China; State Key Lab Incubation Base of Xinjiang Major Diseases Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830054 PR China.
authors.forename: Mang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Clinical Medical Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830054 PR China; State Key Lab Incubation Base of Xinjiang Major Diseases Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830054 PR China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Clinical Medical Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830054 PR China; State Key Lab Incubation Base of Xinjiang Major Diseases Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830054 PR China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Clinical Medical Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830054 PR China; State Key Lab Incubation Base of Xinjiang Major Diseases Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830054 PR China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Clinical Medical Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830054 PR China; State Key Lab Incubation Base of Xinjiang Major Diseases Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830054 PR China.
authors.forename: Xiangpeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: State Key Lab Incubation Base of Xinjiang Major Diseases Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830054 PR China. Electronic address: ilyarsha@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Ilyar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sheyhidin
authors.affiliation: Clinical Medical Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830054 PR China; State Key Lab Incubation Base of Xinjiang Major Diseases Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830054 PR China. Electronic address: luxiaomei88@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiaomei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017209:Apoptosis; D044466:Asian People; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics / Q000556:secondary; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D000077277:Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D034622:RNA Interference; D059807:S Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; C484760:PIK3CA protein, human
keywords: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; Metastasis; Motility; PIK3CA; Prognosis; Proliferation