title: The Risk Factors of Child Lead Poisoning in China: A Meta-Analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To investigate the risk factors of child lead poisoning in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  A document retrieval was performed using MeSH (Medical subject heading terms) and key words. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the studies, and the pooled odd ratios with a 95% confidence interval were used to identify the risk factors. We employed Review Manager 5.2 and Stata 10.0 to analyze the data. Heterogeneity was assessed by both the Chi-square and I² tests, and publication bias was evaluated using a funnel plot and Egger's test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-four articles reporting 13,587 lead-poisoned children met the inclusion criteria. Unhealthy lifestyle and behaviors, environmental pollution around the home and potential for parents' occupational exposure to lead were risk factors of child lead poisoning in the pooled analyses. Our assessments yielded no severe publication biases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Seventeen risk factors are associated with child lead poisoning, which can be used to identify high-risk children. Health education and promotion campaigns should be designed in order to minimize or prevent child lead poisoning in China.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No.22, Nanning 530021, China. liyou121300@163.com.
authors.forename: You
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No.22, Nanning 530021, China. gxmucommoner@163.com.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No.22, Nanning 530021, China. gxmu_xwei@126.com.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No.22, Nanning 530021, China. lichunhong@gxmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chunhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No.22, Nanning 530021, China. wangjian2007@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No.22, Nanning 530021, China. 13481022184@163.com.
authors.forename: Meiyu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No.22, Nanning 530021, China. 490275305@139.com.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No.22, Nanning 530021, China. xiatianlong@126.com.
authors.forename: Tianlong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road No.22, Nanning 530021, China. rpazz@163.com.
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: China; children; lead poisoning; meta-analysis; risk factors