title: Multidrug Efflux Systems in Microaerobic and Anaerobic Bacteria.
abstract: Active drug efflux constitutes an important mechanism of antibiotic and multidrug resistance in bacteria. Understanding the distribution, expression, and physiological functions of multidrug efflux pumps, especially under physiologically and clinically relevant conditions of the pathogens, is the key to combat drug resistance. In animal hosts, most wounded, infected and inflamed tissues display low oxygen tensions. In this article, we summarize research development on multidrug efflux pumps in the medicinally relevant microaerobic and anaerobic pathogens and their implications in the effort to combat drug-resistant infections.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China. zelingxu@hku.hk.
authors.forename: Zeling
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China. ayan8@hku.hk.|Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 1-1, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. ayan8@hku.hk.
authors.forename: Aixin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yan
keywords: anaerobic bacteria; efflux  pump inhibitors; microaerobic bacteria; multi-drug efflux pump