title: IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF THE FERMENTED MARINE MICROALGA PAVLOVA LUTHERI (HAPTOPHYTA) WITH THE YEAST HANSENULA POLYMORPHA(1).
abstract: Microalgae are major primary producers of organic matter in aquatic environments through their photosynthetic activities. Fermented microalga (Pavlova lutheri Butcher) preparation (FMP) is the product of yeast fermentation by Hansenula polymorpha. It was tested for the antioxidant activities including lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity, free-radical-scavenging activity, inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on mouse macrophages (RAW264.7 cell), and inhibited myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in human myeloid cells (HL60). FMP exhibited the highest antioxidant activity on free-radical scavenging, inhibitory intracellular ROS, and inhibited MPO activity. MTT [3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay showed no cytotoxicity in mouse macrophages (RAW264.7 cell), human myeloid cells (HL60), and human fetal lung fibroblast cell line (MRC-5). Furthermore, the antioxidative mechanism of FMP was evaluated by protein expression levels of antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase [SOD] and glutathione [GSH]) using Western blot. The results obtained in the present study indicated that FMP is a potential source of natural antioxidant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research and Education Center, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759 and Wando 537-863, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, KoreaSchool of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, KoreaKorea Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Ansan, P.O. BOX 29, Seoul 426-744, KoreaDepartment of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-701, South KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 614-735, South Korea.
authors.forename: Zhong-Ji
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research and Education Center, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759 and Wando 537-863, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, KoreaSchool of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, KoreaKorea Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Ansan, P.O. BOX 29, Seoul 426-744, KoreaDepartment of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-701, South KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 614-735, South Korea.
authors.forename: Won-Kyo
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research and Education Center, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759 and Wando 537-863, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, KoreaSchool of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, KoreaKorea Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Ansan, P.O. BOX 29, Seoul 426-744, KoreaDepartment of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-701, South KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 614-735, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyong-Hwa
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research and Education Center, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759 and Wando 537-863, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, KoreaSchool of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, KoreaKorea Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Ansan, P.O. BOX 29, Seoul 426-744, KoreaDepartment of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-701, South KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 614-735, South Korea.
authors.forename: BoMi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research and Education Center, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759 and Wando 537-863, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, KoreaSchool of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, KoreaKorea Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Ansan, P.O. BOX 29, Seoul 426-744, KoreaDepartment of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-701, South KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 614-735, South Korea.
authors.forename: Se-Kwon
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research and Education Center, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759 and Wando 537-863, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, KoreaSchool of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, KoreaKorea Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Ansan, P.O. BOX 29, Seoul 426-744, KoreaDepartment of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-701, South KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 614-735, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Je
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research and Education Center, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759 and Wando 537-863, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, KoreaSchool of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, KoreaKorea Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Ansan, P.O. BOX 29, Seoul 426-744, KoreaDepartment of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-701, South KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 614-735, South Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research and Education Center, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759 and Wando 537-863, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, KoreaSchool of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, KoreaKorea Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Ansan, P.O. BOX 29, Seoul 426-744, KoreaDepartment of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-701, South KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 614-735, South Korea.
authors.forename: Chulhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research and Education Center, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759 and Wando 537-863, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, KoreaSchool of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, KoreaKorea Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Ansan, P.O. BOX 29, Seoul 426-744, KoreaDepartment of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-701, South KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 614-735, South Korea.
authors.forename: Do-Hyung
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research and Education Center, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759 and Wando 537-863, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, KoreaSchool of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, KoreaKorea Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Ansan, P.O. BOX 29, Seoul 426-744, KoreaDepartment of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-701, South KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 614-735, South Korea.
authors.forename: Won Sun
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Life Science and Marine Life Research and Education Center, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759 and Wando 537-863, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, KoreaSchool of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, KoreaKorea Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Ansan, P.O. BOX 29, Seoul 426-744, KoreaDepartment of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 200-701, South KoreaDepartment of Microbiology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 614-735, South Korea.
authors.forename: Il-Whan
authors.initials: IW
authors.lastname: Choi
keywords: Hansenula polymorpha; Pavlova lutheri; antioxidant activities; fermented; marine microalgae