title: The Role of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in the Management of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder.
abstract: Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) constitutes of a group of diseases that functionally affect the masticatory system, including the muscles of mastication and temporomandibular joint (TMJ). A number of etiologies with specific treatment have been identified, including the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). The current paper presents a literature review on the use of TENS in the management of TMD patients. Temporomandibular joint disorder is very common disorder with approximately 75% of people showing some signs, while more than quarter (33%) having at least one symptom. An attempt to treat the pain should be made whenever possible. However, in cases with no defined etiology, starting with less intrusive and reversible techniques is prescribed. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is one such treatment modality, i.e. useful in the management of TMD. It comprises of controlled exposure of electrical current to the surface of skin, causing hyperactive muscles relaxation and decrease pain. Although the value of TENS to manage chronic pain in TMD patients is still controversial, its role in utilization for masticatory muscle pain is significant. However, an accurate diagnosis is essential to minimize its insufficient use. Well-controlled randomized trials are needed to determine the utilization of TENS in the management of TMD patients.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Phone: (966) (1) 467-7422, e-mail: kamranhabibawan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kamran Habib
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Awan
authors.affiliation: College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Shankargouda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patil
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008410:Masticatory Muscles; D063806:Myalgia; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation
keywords: Masticatory muscles; Orofacial pain; Review; Temporomandibular disorder; Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation