title: Anti-Taenia solium monoclonal antibodies for the detection of parasite antigens in body fluids from patients with neurocysticercosis.
abstract: Neurocysticercosis (NCC), an infection of the brain by Taenia solium (Ts) cysts, is the most common cause of adult-onset epilepsy in developing countries. Serological testing consists primarily of varying methods to detect antibodies in body fluids and more recently antigen (Ag) detection assays to identify individuals or animals with viable parasites. Antigen assays currently in use employ monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) raised against T. saginata, which have known cross reactivity to animal cestodes but are highly specific in human samples. We produced, characterized and tested 21 mAbs raised against T. solium whole cyst antigens, vesicular fluid or excretory secretory products. Reactivity of the TsmAbs against specific cyst structures was determined using immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry on histological sections of Ts muscle cysts. Four TsmAbs reacted to vesicular space alone, 9 to the neck and cyst wall, one to the neck and vesicular space and 7 to the neck, cyst wall and vesicular space. An in-house ELISA assay to detect circulating Ts antigen, using the TsmAbs as capture antibodies and a rabbit polyclonal anti-Ts whole cyst antibody as a detector antibody demonstrated that eight of the 21 TsmAbs detected antigens in known NCC-positive human sera and three of these also in urine samples. Reactivity was expressed as normalized ratios of optical densities (OD positive control/OD negative control). Three TsmAbs had ratios >10 and five between 2 and 10. The TsmAbs have potential utility for the diagnosis and post-treatment monitoring of patients with viable NCC infections.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunopatologia en Neurocisticercosis, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paredes
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunopatologia en Neurocisticercosis, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sáenz
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunopatologia en Neurocisticercosis, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Miguel W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Marzal
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunopatologia en Neurocisticercosis, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Orrego
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunologia Parasitaria, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Yesenia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunopatologia en Neurocisticercosis, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunopatologia en Neurocisticercosis, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Siddhartha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahanty
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunopatologia en Neurocisticercosis, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Departamento de Ciencias Celulares y Moleculares, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. Electronic address: cristina.guerra@upch.pe.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guerra-Giraldez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunologia Parasitaria, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Departamento de Ciencias Celulares y Moleculares, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Unidad de Cisticercosis, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurologicas, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Hector H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: García
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunopatologia en Neurocisticercosis, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Theodore E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Nash
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000276:immunology; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D001646:Bile / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006825:Hybridomas / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D020019:Neurocysticercosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D011817:Rabbits; D013045:Species Specificity; D013552:Swine; D041201:Taenia solium / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000909:Antibodies, Helminth; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000947:Antigens, Helminth
keywords: Capture ELISA; Diagnosis; Monoclonal antibodies; Neurocysticercosis; Taenia solium