title: Use of mobile and passive badge air monitoring data for NOXand ozone air pollution spatial exposure prediction models.
abstract: Air pollution exposure prediction models can make use of many types of air monitoring data. Fixed location passive samples typically measure concentrations averaged over several days to weeks. Mobile monitoring data can generate near continuous concentration measurements. It is not known whether mobile monitoring data are suitable for generating well-performing exposure prediction models or how they compare with other types of monitoring data in generating exposure models. Measurements from fixed site passive samplers and mobile monitoring platform were made over a 2-week period in Baltimore in the summer and winter months in 2012. Performance of exposure prediction models for long-term nitrogen oxides (NOX) and ozone (O3) concentrations were compared using a state-of-the-art approach for model development based on land use regression (LUR) and geostatistical smoothing. Model performance was evaluated using leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV). Models performed well using the mobile peak traffic monitoring data for both NOXand O3, with LOOCV R2s of 0.70 and 0.71, respectively, in the summer, and 0.90 and 0.58, respectively, in the winter. Models using 2-week passive samples for NOXhad LOOCV R2s of 0.60 and 0.65 in the summer and winter months, respectively. The passive badge sampling data were not adequate for developing models for O3. Mobile air monitoring data can be used to successfully build well-performing LUR exposure prediction models for NOXand O3and are a better source of data for these models than 2-week passive badge data.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.|Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Erin A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Austin
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Miyoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasakura
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Lanae
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schaal
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Timothy R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Gould
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Kris
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hartin
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Sampson
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Yost
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.|Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Timothy V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Larson
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Guangli
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Sverre
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vedal
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D001336:Automobiles; D015142:Baltimore; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D008377:Maps as Topic; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides / Q000032:analysis*; D010126:Ozone / Q000032:analysis*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012621:Seasons; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D010126:Ozone