title: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D concentration and all-cause mortality: the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate relationships between mortality and circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3) and 25-hydroxyergocalciferol (25(OH)D2).
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-cohort study within the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS). We measured 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3 in archived dried blood spots by LC-MS/MS. Cox regression was used to estimate mortality hazard ratios (HR), with adjustment for confounders.
  
  
  METHODS
  General community.
  
  
  METHODS
  The MCCS included 29 206 participants, who at recruitment in 1990-1994 were aged 40-69 years, had dried blood spots collected and no history of cancer. For the present study we selected participants who died by 31 December 2007 (n 2410) and a random sample (sub-cohort, n 2996).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The HR per 25 nmol/l increment in concentration of 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D3 were 0·86 (95 % CI 0·78, 0·96; P=0·007) and 0·85 (95 % CI 0·77, 0·95; P=0·003), respectively. Of 5108 participants, sixty-three (1·2 %) had detectable 25(OH)D2; their mean 25(OH)D concentration was 11·9 (95 % CI 7·3, 16·6) nmol/l higher (P<0·001). The HR for detectable 25(OH)D2 was 1·80 (95 % CI 1·09, 2·97; P=0·023); for those with detectable 25(OH)D2, the HR per 25 nmol/l increment in 25(OH)D was 1·06 (95 % CI 0·87, 1·29; P interaction=0·02). HR were similar for participants who reported being in good, very good or excellent health four years after recruitment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Total 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D3 concentrations were inversely associated with mortality. The finding that the inverse association for 25(OH)D was restricted to those with no detectable 25(OH)D2 requires confirmation in populations with higher exposure to ergocalciferol.
authors.affiliation: 1Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health,The University of Melbourne,Level 3,207 Bouverie Street,Melbourne,Victoria 3010,Australia.
authors.forename: Alicia K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Heath
authors.affiliation: 3Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research,London,UK.
authors.forename: Elizabeth J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.affiliation: 5Queensland Brain Institute,The University of Queensland,St Lucia,Queensland,Australia.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kvaskoff
authors.affiliation: 2Cancer Epidemiology Centre,Cancer Council Victoria,Melbourne,Victoria,Australia.
authors.forename: Allison M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hodge
authors.affiliation: 6Department of Medicine,School of Clinical Sciences,Monash University,Clayton,Victoria,Australia.
authors.forename: Peter R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Ebeling
authors.affiliation: 1Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health,The University of Melbourne,Level 3,207 Bouverie Street,Melbourne,Victoria 3010,Australia.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Baglietto
authors.affiliation: 9Population Health Division,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute,Brisbane,Queensland,Australia.
authors.forename: Rachel E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Neale
authors.affiliation: 1Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health,The University of Melbourne,Level 3,207 Bouverie Street,Melbourne,Victoria 3010,Australia.
authors.forename: Graham G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Giles
authors.affiliation: 5Queensland Brain Institute,The University of Queensland,St Lucia,Queensland,Australia.
authors.forename: Darryl W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Eyles
authors.affiliation: 1Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health,The University of Melbourne,Level 3,207 Bouverie Street,Melbourne,Victoria 3010,Australia.
authors.forename: Dallas R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: English
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009026:Mortality; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
keywords: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D; All-cause mortality; Cholecalciferol; Ergocalciferol