title: The association between S100A13 and HMGA1 in the modulation of thyroid cancer proliferation and invasion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  S100A13 and high mobility group A (HMGA1) are known to play essential roles in the carcinogenesis and progression of cancer. However, the correlation between S100A13 and HMGA1 during cancer progression is not yet well understood. In this study, we determined the effects of S100A13 on HMGA1 expression in thyroid cancer cells and examined the role of HMGA1 in thyroid cancer progression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stable ectopic S100A13 expression TT cellular proliferation was evaluated by nude mice xenografts assays. The effect of lentivirus-mediated S100A13 knockdown on thyroid cancer cellular oncogenic properties were evaluated by MTT, colony formation assays and transwell assays in TPC1 and SW579 cells. The effect of siRNA-mediated HMGA1 knockdown on thyroid cancer cellular proliferation and invasion were evaluated by MTT, colony formation assays and transwell assays. The tissue microarray was performed to investigate the correlation between S100A13 and HMGA1 expression in tumor tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ectopic expression of S100A13 could increase tumor growth in a TT cell xenograft mouse model. Moreover, lentivirus-mediated S100A13 knockdown led to the inhibition of cellular oncogenic properties in thyroid cancer cells, and HMGA1 was found to be involved in the effect of S100A13 on thyroid cancer growth and invasion. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated HMGA1 knockdown was proved to inhibit the growth of TPC1 cells and invasive abilities of SW579 cells. Clinically, it was revealed that both S100A13 and HMGA1 showed a higher expression levels in thyroid cancer cases compared with those in matched normal thyroid cases (P = 0.007 and P = 0.000); S100A13 and HMGA1 expressions were identified to be positively correlated (P = 0.004, R = 0.316) when analyzed regardless of thyroid cancer types.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report for the association between HMGA1 and S100A13 expression in the modulation of thyroid cancer growth and invasion. Those results would provide an essential insight into the effect of S100A13 on carcinogenesis of thyroid tumor, rending S100A13 to be potential biological marker for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China.|Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Luojiajing Road, 102, 423000, Chenzhou, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China.|Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ya-jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qing-hai
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Si-Rui
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China.|Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ge-bo
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China. zuxuyu0108@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Xu-yu
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China. caorenxian@hotmail.com.|Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, 421001, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China. caorenxian@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Ren-xian
authors.initials: RX
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D025741:HMGA1a Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D009418:S100 Proteins; C511523:S100A13 protein, human; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025741:HMGA1a Protein
keywords: HMGA1; Invasion; Proliferation; RNA interference; S100A13; Thyroid cancer