title: [Evolution of total knee arthroplasty. From robotics and navigation to patient-specific instruments].
abstract: In this article the evolution beginning with the robotics of total knee arthroplasty to CT-based and kinematic navigation and patient-specific instruments is described. Thereby it is pointed out that in the early 1990s, CT imaging solely for the planning of a knee endoprosthesis was considered as obsolete radiation exposure and this led to the widespread development of kinematical systems.Also a patient specific planning tool based on CAD built acryl harz blocs existed at the time. There is an ongoing process of implanting total knee arthroplasties in a more exact position. Nowadays the new evolution of soft tissue balancing by using a kinematic alignment has put these efforts into perspective.
authors.affiliation: Orthopädische Klinik, St. Vincenz Hospital Brakel im Klinikum Weser-Egge, Danziger Str. 17, 33034, Brakel, Deutschland. r.haaker@khwe.de.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haaker
mesh_terms: D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D007720:Knee Prosthesis / Q000639:trends*; D018579:Patient Selection; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D017755:Prosthesis Fitting / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D065287:Robotic Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*
keywords: CT scan; Historical aspects; Joint prosthesis implantation; Robotics; Surgical procedures