title: The national survey of natural radioactivity in concrete produced in Israel.
abstract: The main goal of the current survey was to collect the results of the natural radiation tests of concrete produced in the country, to analyze the results statistically and make recommendations for further regulation on the national scale. Totally 109 concrete mixes produced commercially during the years 2012-2014 by concrete plants in Israel were analyzed. The average concentrations of NORM did not exceed the values recognized in the EU and were close to the values obtained from the Mediterranean countries such as Greece, Spain and Italy. It was also found that although the average value of the radon emanation coefficient of concrete containing coal fly ash (FA) was lower, than that of concrete mixes without FA, there was no significant difference between the indexes of both total radiation (addressing gamma radiation and radon together), and gamma radiation only, of the averages of the two sub-populations of concrete mixes: with and without FA.
authors.affiliation: National Building Research Institute, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel. Electronic address: cvrkost@technion.ac.il.
authors.forename: Konstantin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kovler
mesh_terms: D000396:Air Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis*; D060729:Coal Ash / Q000032:analysis; D003252:Construction Materials / Q000032:analysis*; D005720:Gamma Rays; D007557:Israel; D011834:Radiation Monitoring; D011886:Radon / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000396:Air Pollutants, Radioactive; D060729:Coal Ash; D011886:Radon
keywords: Concrete; Gamma radiation; National survey; Natural radioactivity; Radon emanation; Statistical analysis