title: IL-1β at the crossroad between rheumatoid arthritis and type 2 diabetes: may we kill two birds with one stone?
abstract: Although in the past the prevention of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was strongly emphasized, now a great interest is focused on associated comorbidities in these patients. Multiple data suggest that a large percentage of RA patients are affected by Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), whose incidence has reached epidemic levels in recent years, thus increasing the health care costs. A better knowledge about the pathogenesis of these diseases as well as the mechanisms of action of drugs may allow both policy designers and physicians to choose the most effective treatments, thus lowering the costs. This review will focus on the role of Interleukin (IL)-1β in the pathogenesis of both the diseases, the efficacy of IL-1 blocking molecules in controlling these diseases, and will provide information suggesting that targeting IL-1β, in patients affected by both RA and T2D, may be a promising therapeutic choice.
authors.affiliation: a Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Science , School of Medicine, University of L'Aquila , L'Aquila , Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giacomelli
authors.affiliation: a Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Science , School of Medicine, University of L'Aquila , L'Aquila , Italy.
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ruscitti
authors.affiliation: a Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Science , School of Medicine, University of L'Aquila , L'Aquila , Italy.
authors.forename: Saverio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alvaro
authors.affiliation: b Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ciccia
authors.affiliation: a Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Science , School of Medicine, University of L'Aquila , L'Aquila , Italy.
authors.forename: Vasiliki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Liakouli
authors.affiliation: a Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Science , School of Medicine, University of L'Aquila , L'Aquila , Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Di Benedetto
authors.affiliation: b Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy.
authors.forename: Giuliana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guggino
authors.affiliation: a Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Science , School of Medicine, University of L'Aquila , L'Aquila , Italy.
authors.forename: Onorina
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Berardicurti
authors.affiliation: a Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Science , School of Medicine, University of L'Aquila , L'Aquila , Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carubbi
authors.affiliation: b Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Triolo
authors.affiliation: a Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Science , School of Medicine, University of L'Aquila , L'Aquila , Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cipriani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019138:Antibodies, Blocking / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019138:Antibodies, Blocking; D053583:Interleukin-1beta
keywords: IL-1 blocking agents; IL-1β; Rheumatoid arthritis; biologic drug; macrophage; pathogenesis; type 2 diabetes