title: What can happen after lung transplantation and the importance of the time since transplantation: radiological review of post-transplantation complications.
abstract: Lung transplantation is the best treatment option in the final stages of diseases such as cystic fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Better surgical techniques and advances in immunosuppressor treatments have increased survival in lung transplant recipients, making longer follow-up necessary because complications can occur at any time after transplantation. For practical purposes, complications can be classified as early (those that normally occur within two months after transplantation), late (those that normally occur more than two months after transplantation), or time-independent (those that can occur at any time after transplantation). Many complications have nonspecific clinical and radiological manifestations, so the time factor is key to narrow the differential diagnosis. Imaging can guide interventional procedures and can detect complications early. This article aims to describe and illustrate the complications that can occur after lung transplantation from the clinical and radiological viewpoints so that they can be detected as early as possible.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España. Electronic address: idaimiel@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Daimiel Naranjo
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alonso Charterina
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D016040:Lung Transplantation; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: Complicaciones; Complications; High resolution computed tomography; Lung transplantation; Plain-film chest X-rays; Radiografía de tórax; TCAR; Trasplante pulmonar