title: Mapping the Connectome Following Traumatic Brain Injury.
abstract: There is a paucity of accurate and reliable biomarkers to detect traumatic brain injury, grade its severity, and model post-traumatic brain injury (TBI) recovery. This gap could be addressed via advances in brain mapping which define injury signatures and enable tracking of post-injury trajectories at the individual level. Mapping of molecular and anatomical changes and of modifications in functional activation supports the conceptual paradigm of TBI as a disorder of large-scale neural connectivity. Imaging approaches with particular relevance are magnetic resonance techniques (diffusion weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, susceptibility weighted imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomographic methods including molecular neuroimaging). Inferences from mapping represent unique endophenotypes which have the potential to transform classification and treatment of patients with TBI. Limitations of these methods, as well as future research directions, are highlighted.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases and Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Yousef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hannawi
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. rstevens@jhmi.edu.|Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. rstevens@jhmi.edu.|Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. rstevens@jhmi.edu.|Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. rstevens@jhmi.edu.|Division of Neuroscience Critical Care, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St, Phipps 455, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. rstevens@jhmi.edu.
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Stevens
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis*; D063132:Connectome; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography
keywords: Amyloid beta; Arterial spin labeling; Cognition; Coma; Diffusion tensor imaging; Diffusion-weighted imaging; Electroencephalography; Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Magnetic resonance imaging; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Magnetoencephalography; Neural plasticity; Neurologic recovery; Positron imaging tomography; Susceptibility-weighted imaging; Tau protein; Translocator protein; Traumatic axonal injury; Traumatic brain injury