title: Mutagenic and genotoxic potential of direct electric current in Escherichia coli and Salmonella thyphimurium strains.
abstract: Direct electric current has several therapeutic uses such as antibacterial and antiprotozoal action, tissues scarring and regeneration, as well as tumor treatment. This method has shown promising results in vivo and in vitro, with significant efficacy and almost no side effects. Considering lack of studies regarding direct electric current mutagenic and/or genotoxic effects, the present work evaluated both aspects by using five different bacterial experimental assays: survival of repair-deficient mutants, Salmonella-histidine reversion mutagenesis (Ames test), forward mutations to rifampicin resistance, phage reactivation, and lysogenic induction. In these experimental conditions, cells were submitted to an approach that allows evaluation of anodic, cathodic, and electro-ionic effects generated by 2 mA of direct electric current, with doses ranging from 0.36 to 3.60 Coulombs. Our results showed these doses did not induce mutagenic or genotoxic effects.
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Ciências Biomédicas Aplicadas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marina das Neves
authors.initials: Md
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Radiobiologia Molecular, Programa de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Janine Simas
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Radiobiologia Molecular, Programa de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alvaro Costa
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Leitão
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carla Holandino
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Quaresma
mesh_terms: D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000502:physiology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004560:Electricity / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology / Q000821:virology; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000235:genetics; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology / Q000821:virology
keywords: Ames test; electrochemical treatment; lysogenic induction; phage reactivation; survival of repair-deficient mutants