title: Evaluation of Macular Ganglion Cell-inner Plexiform Layer and Choroid in Psoriasis Patients Using Enhanced Depth Imaging Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate changes in the thickness of the central macula, macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL), and subfoveal choroid in patients with psoriasis using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  The measurements of macular, mGCIPL thicknesses and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) obtained by SD-OCT of psoriasis patients (n = 46). These measurements were compared with those of 50 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The macular, mGCIPL, and choroidal thicknesses did not differ between the controls and psoriatic subjects (p>0.05). When the patients were divided into two distinct groups, only the SFCT was significantly thicker in the severe psoriasis group compared with the mild psoriasis group (p = 0.003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that choroidal alterations are seen without macular changes in patients with psoriasis. Severe psoriasis appears to be related to increases in SFCT as a consequence of possible inflammatory cascades that are part of the disease's pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine , Canakkale , Turkey.
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ersan
authors.affiliation: b Department of Dermatology , Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine , Canakkale , Turkey.
authors.forename: Sevilay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kilic
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine , Canakkale , Turkey.
authors.forename: Sedat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arikan
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine , Canakkale , Turkey.
authors.forename: Selcuk
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kara
authors.affiliation: b Department of Dermatology , Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine , Canakkale , Turkey.
authors.forename: Selda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Işik
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine , Canakkale , Turkey.
authors.forename: Baran
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gencer
authors.affiliation: b Department of Dermatology , Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Medicine , Canakkale , Turkey.
authors.forename: Zerrin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ogretmen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002829:Choroid / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000473:pathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Choroidal thickening; macular ganglion cell layer; psoriasis area and severity index; systemic inflammation; tumor necrosis factor alpha