title: Nisin and lysostaphin activity against preformed biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus involved in bovine mastitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The biofilm produced by Staphylococcus aureus isolates involved in clinical or subclinical bovine mastitis and the activity of nisin and lysostaphin against the preformed biofilm produced by these strains were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen strains were tested and all produced biofilm. Eight strains with distinct biofilm composition were selected for the antimicrobial activity assays. The minimal inhibitory concentration of each bacteriocin was determined against the planktonic cells and ranged from 15·6 to 500 μg ml(-1) for nisin, and from 3·9 to 50 μg ml(-1) , for lysostaphin. Lysostaphin treatment (0·4 μg ml(-1) ) for 4 h caused a strong Staph. aureus 4181 biofilm detachment and death of the majority of the sessile cells, while nisin treatment (100 μg ml(-1) ) for the same time caused only a great reduction in cell viability. Additionally, combination of both bacteriocins for 4 h resulted in significant death of the sessile cells but no biofilm detachment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The treatment with lysostaphin alone or in combination with nisin was effective in killing most biofilm sessile cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The action of lysostaphin, either alone or in combination with nisin, against established staphylococcal biofilm may represent an alternative to bovine mastitis control. However, the duration of the treatment should be considered for its application so that the best effectiveness can be achieved.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ceotto-Vigoder
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: S L S
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: I N S
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: M D B
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia, Duque de Caxias, Brazil.
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Barrias
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Potter
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Alviano
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: M C F
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bastos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D002417:Cattle; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D008248:Lysostaphin / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D009561:Nisin / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010933:Plankton / Q000187:drug effects; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009561:Nisin; D008248:Lysostaphin
keywords: Staphylococcus aureus; antimicrobials; biofilms; bovine mastitis; lysostaphin; nisin