title: A framework for organ dose estimation in x-ray angiography and interventional radiology based on dose-related data in DICOM structured reports.
abstract: Although interventional x-ray angiography (XA) procedures involve relatively high radiation doses that can lead to deterministic tissue reactions in addition to stochastic effects, convenient and accurate estimation of absorbed organ doses has traditionally been out of reach. This has mainly been due to the absence of practical means to access dose-related data that describe the physical context of the numerous exposures during an XA procedure. The present work provides a comprehensive and general framework for the determination of absorbed organ dose, based on non-proprietary access to dose-related data by utilizing widely available DICOM radiation dose structured reports. The framework comprises a straightforward calculation workflow to determine the incident kerma and reconstruction of the geometrical relation between the projected x-ray beam and the patient's anatomy. The latter is difficult in practice, as the position of the patient on the table top is unknown. A novel patient-specific approach for reconstruction of the patient position on the table is presented. The proposed approach was evaluated for 150 patients by comparing the estimated position of the primary irradiated organs (the target organs) with their position in clinical DICOM images. The approach is shown to locate the target organ position with a mean (max) deviation of 1.3 (4.3), 1.8 (3.6) and 1.4 (2.9) cm for neurovascular, adult and paediatric cardiovascular procedures, respectively. To illustrate the utility of the framework for systematic and automated organ dose estimation in routine clinical practice, a prototype implementation of the framework with Monte Carlo simulations is included.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Omar
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bujila
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fransson
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Andreo
authors.forename: Gavin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Poludniowski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D015642:Radiology, Interventional / Q000379:methods*; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014965:X-Rays; D055815:Young Adult