title: Typical rise and fall of troponin in (peri-procedural) myocardial infarction: A systematic review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the typical shape of the rise and fall curve of troponin (Tn) following the different types of myocardial infarction (MI).
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a systematic search in PubMed and Embase including all studies which focused on the kinetics of Tn in MI type 1, type 4 and type 5. Tn levels were standardized using the 99(th) percentile, a pooled mean with 95%CI was calculated from the weighted means for each time point until 72 h.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 34 of the 2528 studies identified in the systematic search were included. The maximum peak level of the Tn was seen after 6 h after successful reperfusion of an acute MI, after 12 h for type 1 MI and after 72 h for type 5 MI. In type 1 MI there were additional smaller peaks at 1 h and at 24 h. After successful reperfusion of an acute MI there was a second peak at 24 h. There was not enough data available to analyze the Tn release after MI associated with percutaneous coronary intervention (type 4).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The typical rise and fall of Tn is different for type 1 MI, successful reperfusion of an acute MI and type 5 MI, with different timing of the peak levels and different slopes of the fall phase.
authors.affiliation: Dianne van Beek, Bas van Zaane, Linda Peelen, Wilton van Klei, Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Dianne
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: van Beek
authors.affiliation: Dianne van Beek, Bas van Zaane, Linda Peelen, Wilton van Klei, Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bas
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: van Zaane
authors.affiliation: Dianne van Beek, Bas van Zaane, Linda Peelen, Wilton van Klei, Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marjolein
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Looije
authors.affiliation: Dianne van Beek, Bas van Zaane, Linda Peelen, Wilton van Klei, Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peelen
authors.affiliation: Dianne van Beek, Bas van Zaane, Linda Peelen, Wilton van Klei, Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wilton
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: van Klei
keywords: Coronary artery bypass grafting; Myocardial infarction; Reperfusion; Systematic review; Troponin