title: Mobile Phone Interventions for the Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease.
abstract: Mobile health in the form of text messaging and mobile applications provides an innovative and effective approach to promote prevention and management of cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, the magnitude of these effects is unclear. Through a comprehensive search of databases from 2002-2016, we conducted a quantitative systematic review. The selected studies were critically evaluated to extract and summarize pertinent characteristics and outcomes. A large majority of studies (22 of 28, 79%) demonstrated text messaging, mobile applications, and telemonitoring via mobile phones were effective in improving outcomes. Some key factors associated with successful interventions included personalized messages with tailored advice, greater engagement (2-way text messaging, higher frequency of messages), and use of multiple modalities. Overall, text messaging appears more effective than smartphone-based interventions. Incorporating principles of behavioral activation will help promote and sustain healthy lifestyle behaviors in patients with CVD that result in improved clinical outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Systems, University of California, San Francisco. Electronic address: Linda.Park@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Linda G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Medical Center, Cardiology Section, Seattle, WA; University of Washington, Department of Medicine. Electronic address: beattya@uw.edu.
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beatty
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA. Electronic address: Zoey.Stafford@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Zoey
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Stafford
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA; San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Medicine. Electronic address: Mary.Whooley@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Mary A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Whooley
mesh_terms: D020811:Biomedical Technology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D040421:Cell Phone; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D063731:Mobile Applications; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D055502:Secondary Prevention / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000295:instrumentation*; D060145:Text Messaging
keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Mobile applications; Mobile health; Mobile phone; Systematic review; Text messaging