title: Preferences for Prostate Cancer Outcomes: A Comparison of the Patient Perspective, the General Population Perspective, and a Population at Risk for Prostate Cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To collect disease-specific and generic preference values for three populations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prostate cancer-specific health states were developed with attributes that varied across five health domains: sexual function, urinary function, bowel function, pain, and fear of the future. Men with prostate cancer, men at risk for prostate cancer, and a sample of the general population assigned value to 18 disease-specific health states using standard gamble (SG) methodology. Study participants also completed the Health Utilities Index (HUI) to obtain generic, community-based preference values to capture their current health rating.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 136 participants were enrolled (n = 43 prostate cancer; n = 40 at risk for prostate cancer; n = 49 general population). Mean HUI mark 3 current health ratings: men with prostate cancer 0.75 ± 0.260; men at risk for prostate cancer 0.77 ± 0.238; general population 0.84 ± 0.178. Mean SG preference values ranged from 0.46 to 0.85 among men with prostate cancer, 0.37 to 0.75 among men at risk for prostate cancer, and 0.32 to 0.81 among the general population group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In general, preference values for disease-specific health states using the patient perspective were higher than those for the general population. Generic preference values calculated from the HUI were higher than disease-specific preference values calculated from the SG. The higher values calculated from the HUI, from all three perspectives, indicate that a generic measure may not be sensitive enough to capture the disutility of prostate cancer symptoms, specifically sexual dysfunction, urinary dysfunction, and bowel dysfunction, which are being directly measured in the disease-specific health states.
authors.affiliation: Evidera, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address: Katharine.gries@evidera.com.
authors.forename: Katharine S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Gries
authors.affiliation: Canadian Centre for Applied Research in Cancer Control, BC Cancer Agency Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Dean A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Regier
authors.affiliation: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Scott D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Ramsey
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Donald L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Patrick
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002755:Choice Behavior; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005239:Fear; D005715:Gambling; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006304:Health Status; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000503:physiopathology; D007610:Kallikreins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000523:psychology; D057240:Patient Preference; D010465:Perception; D011379:Prognosis; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D011639:Public Opinion; D011788:Quality of Life; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000503:physiopathology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C549870:KLK3 protein, human; D007610:Kallikreins; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen
keywords: outcomes; perspective; preference values; prostate cancer