title: Neuroprotective Role of Steroidal Sex Hormones: An Overview.
abstract: Progesterone, estrogens, and testosterone are the well-known steroidal sex hormones, which have been reported to have "nonreproductive "effects in the brain, specifically in the neuroprotection and neurotrophy. In the last one decade, there has been a surge in the research on the role of these hormones in neuroprotection and their positive impact on different brain injuries. The said interest has been sparked by a desire to understand the action and mechanisms of these steroidal sex hormones throughout the body. The aim of this article was to highlight the potential outcome of the steroidal hormones, viz. progesterone, estrogens, and testosterone in terms of their role in neuroprotection and other brain injuries. Their possible mechanism of action at both genomic and nongenomic level will be also discussed. As far as our knowledge goes, we are for the first time reporting neuroprotective effect and possible mechanism of action of these hormones in a single article.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Ali Nasir
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Siddiqui
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Nahida
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Siddiqui
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Rashid Ali
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Abul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kalam
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Nasimudeen R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Jabir
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.|Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Mohammad Amjad
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kamal
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Chelapram Kandy
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Firoz
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Shams
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tabrez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents
keywords: Estrogen; Neuroprotection; Neurotrophy; Progesterone; Steroids; Testosterone