title: Foot-related pain and disability and spatiotemporal parameters of gait during self-selected and fast walking speeds in people with gout: A two-arm cross sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine gait parameters in people with gout during different walking speeds while adjusting for body mass index (BMI) and foot-pain, and to determine the relationship between gait parameters and foot-pain and disability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gait parameters were measured using the GAITRite™ walkway in 20 gout participants and 20 age- and sex-matched controls during self-selected and fast walking speeds. Foot-pain and disability was measured using the Manchester Foot Pain and Disability Index (MFPDI) which contains four domains relating to function, physical appearance, pain and work/leisure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the self-selected speed, gout participants demonstrated increased step time (p=0.017), and stance time (p=0.012), and reduced velocity (p=0.031) and cadence (p=0.013). At the fast speed, gout participants demonstrated increased step time (p=0.007), swing time (p=0.005) and stance time (p=0.019) and reduced velocity (p=0.036) and cadence (p=0.009). For participants with gout, step length was correlated with total MFPDI (r=-0.62, p=0.008), function (r=-0.65, p=0.005) and physical appearance (r=-0.50, p=0.041); stride length was correlated with total MFPDI (r=-0.62, p=0.008), function (r=-0.65, p=0.005) and physical appearance (r=-0.50, p=0.041); and velocity was correlated with total MFPDI (r=-0.60, p=0.011), function (r=-0.63, p=0.007) and work/leisure (r=-0.53, p=0.030).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gait patterns exhibited by people with gout are different from controls during both self-selected and fast walking speeds, even after adjusting for BMI and foot-pain. Additionally, gait parameters were strongly correlated with patient-reported functional limitation, physical appearance and work/leisure difficulties, while pain did not significantly influence gait in people with gout.
authors.affiliation: Department of Podiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Health & Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand Zealand. Electronic address: sarah.stewart@aut.ac.nz.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.affiliation: Department of Podiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Health & Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand Zealand.
authors.forename: Trish
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morpeth
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand; Department of Rheumatology, Auckland District Health Board, P.O. Box 92189, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dalbeth
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, School of Public Health & Psychosocial Studies, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand; Health Intelligence and Informatics, Ko Awatea, Counties Manukau Health, Private Bag 93311, Auckland, 1640, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Alain C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Vandal
authors.affiliation: Department of Podiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Health & Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand Zealand.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.affiliation: Department of Podiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Health & Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand Zealand.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Davidtz
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, School of Clinical Sciences, Health & Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Grant
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mawston
authors.affiliation: Department of Podiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Health & Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand Zealand; School of Health Science, University of Brighton, 49 Darley Rd, Eastbourne, BN20 7UR, UK.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Otter
authors.affiliation: Department of Podiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Health & Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand Zealand.
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rome
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006073:Gout / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Activities of daily living; Disability; Foot pain; Gout; Spatiotemporal gait