title: Clinical Characteristics of Primary Vitreoretinal Lymphoma in an Indian Population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Primary vitreoretinal lymphomas (PVRL) pose a major diagnostic challenge, especially in the countries with a high prevalence of infectious variety of uveitis. The present study aims to report the clinical characteristics and diagnostic difficulties in patients with PVRL in an Indian Population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective chart reviews of 12 patients with a diagnosis of PVRL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study included 6 men and 6 women, with a mean age of 55.66 ± 8.76 years. All had bilateral disease. The clinical signs included anterior uveitis (12 eyes; 50.0%); vitritis (18 eyes; 75%); vitreous clumps (16 eyes; 66.6%); subretinal deposits (11 eyes; 45.8%); retinal vasculitis (6 eyes; 25%); and optic disc swelling (2 eyes; 8.3%). The most commonly mistaken diagnosis was intraocular tuberculosis. The intraocular lesions responded to multiple intravitreal methotrexate injections.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PVRL in India was likely to be mistaken for an infectious variety of uveitis. A high index of suspicion and thorough clinical examination is necessary to make the diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: a Departments of Ophthalmology.
authors.forename: Sarakshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahajan
authors.affiliation: b Cytopathology and Gynae Pathology.
authors.forename: Raje
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nijhawan
authors.affiliation: b Cytopathology and Gynae Pathology.
authors.forename: Aravind
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rajwanshi
authors.affiliation: a Departments of Ophthalmology.
authors.forename: Samendra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karkhur
authors.affiliation: a Departments of Ophthalmology.
authors.forename: Samyak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mulkutar
authors.affiliation: a Departments of Ophthalmology.
authors.forename: Mohit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dogra
authors.affiliation: c Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research , Chandigarh , India.
authors.forename: Vivek
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lal
authors.affiliation: a Departments of Ophthalmology.
authors.forename: Vishali
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: a Departments of Ophthalmology.
authors.forename: Amod
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D005134:Eye Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007194:India; D064090:Intraocular Lymphoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D010211:Papilledema / Q000175:diagnosis; D019572:Retinal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D031300:Retinal Vasculitis / Q000175:diagnosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014606:Uveitis, Anterior / Q000175:diagnosis; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D014821:Vitrectomy; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D008727:Methotrexate
keywords: Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma; intravitreal methotrexate; primary CNS lymphoma; subretinal deposits; uveitis