title: Cannabinoid-glutamate interactions in the regulation of food intake in neonatal layer- type chicks: role of glutamate NMDA and AMPA receptors.
abstract: The involvement of the endocannabinoid system in the brain functions is likely the conclusion of its capability to interact with specific neurotransmitters in several brain regions. The present study was designed to examine the role of the glutamatergic system on cannabinoid-induced hyperphagia in chicken. In this survey 10 experiments designed to investigate interaction of cannabinoidergic and glutamatergic systems on feeding behavior in neonatal chickens. In experiment 1, chicken were intracerebroventricular (ICV) injected with saline, 2-AG (2-Arachidonoylglycerol, 5.28 nmol, CB1 receptors agonist), MK-801(NMDA receptor antagonist, 15 nmol) and co-administration of 2-AG + MK-801. In experiment 2, injection of saline, 2-AG (5.28 nmol), CNQX) AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist, 390 nmol) and their combination (2-AG + CNQX) was done. In Experiment 3, injections were saline, 2-AG (5.28 nmol), AIDA)mGluR1 antagonist, 2 nmol) and 2-AG + AIDA. Experiments 4 and 5 were similar to experiment 3, except birds injected with LY341495 (mGLUR2 glutamate antagonist, 150 nmol) and UBP1112 (mGLUR3 glutamate antagonist, 2 nmol) instead of AIDA. Experiments 6-10 followed the procedure similar to experiments 1-5, except chickens received ICV injection of CB65 (CB2 receptor agonist, 3 nmol), instead of 2-AG. Then the cumulative food intake measured until 120 min post injection. According to the results, ICV injection of 2-AG and CB65 significantly increased food intake (P < 0.001). Co-injection of 2-AG and MK-801 significantly amplified hyperphagic effect of CB1 receptors agonist(P < 0.001). Moreover, co-administration of CB65 plus CNQX significantly increased CB65- induced hyperphagia in FD3 neonatal layer-type chickens (P < 0.001). These results suggest there is an interaction between endocannabinoids and glutamatergic systems via NMDA and AMPA receptors in feeding behavior of neonatal layer-type chickens.
authors.affiliation: Section of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, PO Box: 14155-6453, Tehran, 14155-6453, Iran.
authors.forename: Negar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Keyshams
authors.affiliation: Section of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, PO Box: 14155-6453, Tehran, 14155-6453, Iran. zendedel@ut.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Morteza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zendehdel
authors.affiliation: Section of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, PO Box: 14155-6453, Tehran, 14155-6453, Iran.
authors.forename: Vahab
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Babapour
authors.affiliation: Section of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, PO Box: 14155-6453, Tehran, 14155-6453, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baghbanzadeh
mesh_terms: D018750:6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D063386:Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D002186:Cannabinoids / Q000378:metabolism*; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D063388:Endocannabinoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005989:Glycerides / Q000494:pharmacology; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000378:metabolism*; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D063386:Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists; D002186:Cannabinoids; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D005989:Glycerides; D018091:Receptors, AMPA; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; D018750:6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; C094503:glyceryl 2-arachidonate
keywords: Cannabinoidergic; Chicken; Food intake; Glutamatergic system