title: Serological Survey of West Nile Virus in Domestic Animals from Northwest Senegal.
abstract: In Africa, infection with West Nile virus (WNV) is frequent but almost always asymptomatic in humans and equids. The aim of this study was to identify whether any other domestic animal living in the same enzootic locality may be the sentinel of WNV circulation. In northwest Senegal, blood samples were collected from 283 adult domestic animals (136 sheep, 64 horses, 29 donkeys, 29 goats, 14 cattle, and 11 dogs), in three localities near Keur Momar Sarr. Each serum was tested for WNV immunoglobulin G using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The prevalence among donkeys, horses, dogs, goats, cattle, and sheep was 86.2%, 68.7%, 27.3%, 6.9%, 0%, and 0%, respectively. This survey confirms that equids and dogs could be the best sentinel animals for surveillance of WNV. The ruminants do not play a role in WNV epidemiology.
authors.affiliation: 1 Research Unit of Emerging Infectious and Tropical Diseases (URMITE) UMR CNRS 7278 IRD 198 INSERM U1095 Aix-Marseille University , Marseille, France .
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Davoust
authors.affiliation: 2 French National Reference Centre for Arbovirus-Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Marseille , France .
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maquart
authors.affiliation: 3 Animal Epidemiology Working Group of the Military Health Service , Toulon, France .
authors.forename: Cédric
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roqueplo
authors.affiliation: 2 French National Reference Centre for Arbovirus-Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Marseille , France .
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gravier
authors.affiliation: 4 Research Unit of Emerging Infectious and Tropical Diseases (URMITE - IRD 198) , Dakar, Senegal .
authors.forename: Masse
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sambou
authors.affiliation: 4 Research Unit of Emerging Infectious and Tropical Diseases (URMITE - IRD 198) , Dakar, Senegal .
authors.forename: Oleg
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mediannikov
authors.affiliation: 2 French National Reference Centre for Arbovirus-Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Marseille , France .
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Leparc-Goffart
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D012675:Senegal / Q000453:epidemiology; D014901:West Nile Fever / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*
keywords: Dog; Horse; Livestock; Senegal; Sentinel animal; Serology; West Nile virus