title: CA-MRSA Infection Incidence and Care in High School and Intercollegiate Athletics.
abstract: Position papers offer solutions to manage community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA), yet few studies establish the infection rate, management protocols, and referral practices among student-athletes. Over the 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 school years, we assessed the annual CA-MRSA infection incidence, sport risk, referral practices, and management steps among high school and intercollegiate athletics.
  
  
  
  This study targeted high school and intercollegiate athletic programs in the Northeastern United States. For the 2012-2013 study, 156 athletic trainers completed a one-time questionnaire. In the 2013-2014 study, 87 athletic trainers reported data bimonthly during the academic year. Each questionnaire targeted demographic information, physician-confirmed CA-MRSA infection occurrence, and management of CA-MRSA infections and bacterial skin lesions.
  
  
  
  The CA-MRSA infection incidence was 15.5 per 10,000 athletes (95% confidence interval [CI], 13-19) in 2012-2013 and 16.3 per 10,000 athletes (95% CI, 13-21) in 2013-2014. The CA-MRSA infection incidence was higher in wrestling and football compared to the general student-athlete population. During the 2012-2013 study, the wrestling incidence rate was 90.2 per 10,000 (95% CI, 62-132); the football incidence rate was 42.3 per 10,000 (95% CI, 31-59). In the 2013-2014 study, the wrestling incidence rate was 89.0 per 10,000 (95% CI, 50-158); the football incidence rate was 61.4 per 10,000 (95% CI, 42-90). In both studies, primary care and general physicians received over 60% (2012-2013: 60.5%, n = 133; 2013-2014: 66.5%, n = 125) of referrals. In the 2012-2013 study, respondents indicated that student-athlete isolation and setting decontamination were common management steps used (58.1%, n = 306).
  
  
  
  The incidence of CA-MRSA infections among student-athletes remains high. Therefore, it is critical that sports medicine providers continually reassess management protocols and best practices.
authors.affiliation: 1Rocky Mountain University of Health Professions, Provo, UT; 2Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID; 3Misericordia University, Dallas, PA; 4Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN; 5University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.forename: Leamor
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kahanov
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dannelly
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lauber
mesh_terms: D056352:Athletes; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003666:Decontamination; D005260:Female; D005538:Football; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; D010356:Patient Isolation; D012574:Schools; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014495:Universities; D014952:Wrestling