title: Steroidal Saponin Diosgenin from Dioscorea bulbifera Protects Cardiac Cells from Hypoxia-reoxygenation Injury Through Modulation of Pro-survival and Pro-death Molecules.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diosgenin, a steroidal saponin from plants, exhibits many biological potentials. Herein, the cardioprotective role of diosgenin is studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of diosgenin, isolated from Dioscorea bulbifera, was studied on hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR) in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells. The amount of diosgenin in the plant extract was analyzed by high-performance thin layer chromatography using a solvent system comprising of chloroform:methanol:acetic acid:formic acid (13:4.5:1.5:1). Cardioprotection was checked by (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Further, the release of lactate dehydrogenase, an enzyme released during cell death was checked. The proteins responsible for cell death (Bax) and cell survival (Bcl-2, hemeoxygenase-1 and Akt) were analyzed using Western blot to check the cardioprotective role of diosgenin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supplementation of diosgenin mitigates HR injury, thereby exhibiting cardioprotective potential.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cardioprotective effect of Diosgenin was evidenced from the improved cell survival after hypoxia-reoxygenation injury demonstrated through MTT cell survival assay.The release of lactate dehydrogenase, an enzyme released during cell death was decreased by Diosgenin.Diosgenin upregulated the pro-survival molecules like B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), heme oxygenase-1 and the phosphorylation of ATK (at serine 473); and at the same time pro-.death molecules like Bax was downregulated.Thus, Diosgenin as a plant based steroidal saponin is confirmed to mitigate ischemic reperfusion injury. Figure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Advanced Research in Indian System of Medicine, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Karuppiah Shanmugasundarapandian
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Jayachandran
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India.
authors.forename: A Hannah Rachel
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Vasanthi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Narasimman
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gurusamy
keywords: Cardioprotection; H9c2; diosgenin; hypoxia; reoxygenation