title: Prevalence and Geographical Variation of Prothrombin G20210A Mutation in Patients with Cerebral Vein Thrombosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the prevalence of prothrombin G20210A in patients with objectively confirmed cerebral vein or cortical vein thrombosis against healthy controls, and evaluate geographical variations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Systematic review and meta-analysis of case control studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a systematic review of electronic databases including MEDLINE and EMBASE. The main outcome was the prevalence of prothrombin G20210A in patients with objectively confirmed cerebral vein or cortical vein thrombosis; we also analyzed individual country variations in the prevalence. The random-effects model OR was used as the primary outcome measure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total 19 studies evaluated 868 cases of cerebral venous thrombosis and 3981 controls. Prothrombin G20210A was found in 103/868 of the patients with cerebral venous thrombosis and 105/3999 of the healthy controls [random effects pooled OR 5.838, 95% CI 3.96 to 8.58; I217.9%]. The prevalence of prothrombin G20210A was significantly elevated in Italian studies (OR 9.69), in Brazilian studies (OR 7.02), and in German studies (OR 3.77), but not in Iranian studies (OR 0.98).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prothrombin G20210A is significantly associated with cerebral venous thrombosis when compared to healthy controls, although this association is highly dependent on the country of origin.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.
authors.forename: Joaquín V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Division of neurology and neuro-intensive care, Hospital Central de Mendoza, Mendoza, Argentina.|Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad del Aconcagua, Mendoza, Argentina.
authors.forename: Andrés G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Barboza
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.|Internal Medicine Research Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Fernando J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Vazquez
authors.affiliation: Thrombosis Program, Division of Hematology-Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa-Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada.|Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.|School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa-Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada.
authors.forename: Esteban
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gándara
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002550:Cerebral Veins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D016017:Odds Ratio; D017354:Point Mutation; D015995:Prevalence; D011516:Prothrombin / Q000235:genetics*; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D011516:Prothrombin