title: Alteration of spermatogenesis following spermatogonial stem cells transplantation in testicular torsion-detorsion mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Testicular ischemia is the main consequence of testicular torsion, in both clinical and experimental aspects. Preservation and auto-transplantation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) could be a new treatment for infertility in testicular ischemia following testicular torsion.
  
  
  METHODS
  To apply the idea in this study, animals were randomly divided into four groups of control, sham, with torsion, and with torsion followed by transplantation (TT). Isolated SSCs from neonatal mice were cultured and identified by flow cytometry (C-KIT(-), INTEGRIN β1 (+)) and RT-PCR (Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) for specific spermatogonial cell markers (Oct4, Gfrα-1, Plzf, Vasa, Itgα 6 , and Itgβ 1 ). SSCs were transplanted upon a 2-h testicular torsion in the TT group. Cultured cells were transplanted into ischemia reperfusion testicle 2 weeks post-testicular torsion. Eight weeks after SSCs transplantation, the SSCs-transplanted testes and epididymis were removed for sperm analysis, weight and histopathological evaluation, and pre- and post-meiotic gene expression assessment by qRT-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our findings indicated that all evaluated parameters (epididymal sperm profile, Johnsen score, Plzf, Gfrα-1, Scp-1, Tekt-1 expressions, and histopathological profile) were significantly decreased following testicular torsion (group 3) when compared to the control group (p ≤ 0.05). However, all abovementioned parameters showed a significant increase/improvement in torsion-transplantation group compared to torsion group. However, these parameters in the TT group were significantly lower in the sham and control groups (p ≤ 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SSCs transplantation could up-regulate the expression of pre- and post-meiotic genes in testicular ischemia, which resulted in improvement of both testicular function and structure after testicular torsion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Saeid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Azizollahi
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aflatoonian
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sadighi Gilani
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program, NIH, Office of the Director, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.|National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.|Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Highway, P. O. Box 14155-5983, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Babak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Behnam
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tajik
authors.affiliation: Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asghari-Jafarabadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid Reza
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Asgari
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. koruji.m@iums.ac.ir.|Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Highway, P. O. Box 14155-5983, Tehran, Iran. koruji.m@iums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Morteza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koruji
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D013086:Spermatic Cord Torsion / Q000473:pathology*; D013091:Spermatogenesis; D013093:Spermatogonia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation*; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Pre- and post-meiotic genes; SSCs transplantation; Testicular torsion