title: SUPPRESSOR OF APICAL DOMINANCE1 of Sporisorium reilianum changes inflorescence branching at early stages in di- and monocot plants and induces fruit abortion in Arabidopsis thaliana.
abstract: sporisorium reilianum f. sp. zeae is a biotrophic smut fungus that infects maize (Zea mays). Among others, the fungus-plant interaction is governed by secreted fungal effector proteins. The effector SUPPRESSOR OF APICAL DOMINANCE1 (SAD1) changes the development of female inflorescences and induces outgrowth of subapical ears in S. reilianum-infected maize. When stably expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana as a GFP-SAD1 fusion protein, SAD1 induces earlier inflorescence branching and abortion of siliques. Absence of typical hormone-dependent phenotypes in other parts of the transgenic A. thaliana plants expressing GFP-SAD1 hint to a hormone-independent induction of bud outgrowth by SAD1. Silique abortion and bud outgrowth are also known to be controlled by carbon source concentration and by stress-induced molecules, making these factors interesting potential SAD1 targets.
authors.affiliation: a Microbial Genetics, Institute of Applied Microbiology, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University , Aachen , Germany.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Drechsler
authors.affiliation: a Microbial Genetics, Institute of Applied Microbiology, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University , Aachen , Germany.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schwinges
authors.affiliation: a Microbial Genetics, Institute of Applied Microbiology, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University , Aachen , Germany.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schirawski
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology*; D005638:Fruit / Q000382:microbiology*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D056626:Inflorescence / Q000382:microbiology*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D014587:Ustilaginales / Q000378:metabolism*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins
keywords: Apical dominance; arabidopsis thaliana; branching; effector; maize; smut fungus; sporisorium reilianum