title: Bone marrow metastasis of malignant melanoma in childhood arising within a congenital melanocytic nevus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Malignant melanoma in childhood is infrequent and can arise within congenital melanocytic nevi. Spread of malignant melanoma to the bone marrow, especially in children, is extremely rare.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reported is a case of a 5-year-old boy with a congenital large melanocytic nevus of the head and neck who presented with a short history of low back and leg pain, fever and cervical lymphadenopathy. Despite regular follow-up by a dermatologist and plastic surgeon and repeatedly negative histology of previous partial excisions, diffuse bone marrow infiltration with malignant melanoma was diagnosed. The primary site was identified in the post-excision area. The disease progressed rapidly on ipilimumab immunotherapy and led to death at four months from the diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surveillance is indispensable in children with a predisposition to melanoma and nonspecific symptoms such as bone pain, gait impairment or cytopenia, should always be taken into account.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.|Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Volejnikova
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Oncology, Masaryk University, Brno and University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Viera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bajciova
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sulovska
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Geierova
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Buriankova
authors.affiliation: Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jarosova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hajduch
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Oncology, Masaryk University, Brno and University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jaroslav
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sterba
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.|Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mihal
mesh_terms: D019046:Bone Marrow Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000151:congenital* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000151:congenital* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009508:Nevus, Pigmented / Q000151:congenital* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography
keywords: bone marrow; childhood; congenital melanocytic nevus; malignant melanoma; metastasis