title: [Physical activity and exercise training in the prevention and therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus].
abstract: Lifestyle in general (nutrition, exercise, smoking habits), besides the genetic predisposition, is known to be a strong predictor for the development of diabetes. Exercise in particular is not only useful in improving glycaemia by lowering insulin resistance and positively affect insulin secretion, but to reduce cardiovascular risk.To gain substantial health benefits a minimum of 150 min of moderate or vigorous intense aerobic physical activity and muscle strengthening activities per week are needed. The positive effect of training correlates directly with the amount of fitness gained and lasts only as long as the fitness level is sustained. The effect of exercise is independent of age and gender. It is reversible and reproducible.Based on the large evidence of exercise referral and prescription the Austrian Diabetes Associations aims to implement the position of a "physical activity adviser" in multi-professional diabetes care.
authors.affiliation: Sonderkrankenanstalt Rehabilitationszentrum Alland, Alland, Österreich. claudia.francesconi@pensionsversicherung.at.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Francesconi
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention, Sportunion Österreich, Wien, Österreich.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lackinger
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Innere Medizin, Privatklinik Wehrle-Diakonissen, Salzburg, Österreich.|Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin I, Landeskrankenhaus Salzburg - Universitätsklinikum, Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität, Salzburg, Österreich.
authors.forename: Raimund
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Weitgasser
authors.affiliation: Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin II, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Haber
authors.affiliation: Universitätsinstitut für Präventive und Rehabilitative Sportmedizin, Landeskrankenhaus Salzburg - Universitätsklinikum, Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität, Salzburg, Österreich.
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Niebauer
mesh_terms: D001317:Austria; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D015444:Exercise; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D064797:Physical Conditioning, Human / Q000592:standards*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D013177:Sports / Q000592:standards*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Cardiovascular risk; Exercise; Improvement of glycemia; Physical activity counseling