title: PRAME promotes in vitro leukemia cells death by regulating S100A4/p53 signaling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  PRAME (Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma) is a tumor-associated antigen recognized by immunocytes, and it induces cytotoxic T cell-mediated responses in melanoma. PRAME is expressed in a wide variety of tumors, but in contrast with most other tumor-associated antigens, it is also expressed in leukemias. The physiologic role of PRAME remains elusive. Recently, it has found PRAME could be involved in the regulation of cell death in leukemias, but the mechanism of the function is unclear. Here, we confirm that PRAME induces leukemias cell death by regulation of S100A4/p53 signaling.
  
  
  METHODS
  The pCDNA3-PRAME plasmid and its control were transfected with the KG-1 cells. The pCDNA3-PRAME transfected KG-1 cells were then transiently transfected with S100A4 cDNA or wt-p53 siRNA. The PRAME siRNA and its control were transfected with the K562 cells. The PRAME siRNA transfected K562 cells were then transiently transfected with S100A4 siRNA or pGMp53-Lu. PRAME, S100A4 and P53 were detected by Western blot assay in different time point. Annexin V/propidium iodide and MTT methods were used to detect apoptosis and cell survival rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  KG-1 cells overexpressing the PRAME gene significantly induces apoptosis and decreases proliferation in vitro, followed by down-regulation of S100A4 and up-regulation of p53. Up-regulation of S100A4 by S100A4 transfection inhibits PRAME-induced p53 up-regulation. Furthermore, up-regulation of S100A4 by S100A4 transfection or down-regulation of p53 by p53 siRNA transfection reduces apoptosis and increases proliferation in vitro. Knockdown of PRAME in K562 cells significantly increases proliferation in vitro, followed by up-regulation of S100A4 and down-regulation of p53. The downregulation of S100A4 by S100A4 siRNA transfection increased p53 expression. Furthermore, downregulation of S100A4 by S100A4 siRNA transfection or up-regulation of p53 by p53 transfection decreases proliferation in vitro.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the leukemias expressing high levels of PRAME has a favorable prognosis. PRAME promotes in vitro leukemia cells death by regulating S100A4/p53 signaling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, People's Hospital of Linyi, Shandong, China. xypgj@sina.com.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: L-J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Rong
authors.forename: S-L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: F-L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: J-H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D016923:Cell Death / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D007938:Leukemia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D000071999:S100 Calcium-Binding Protein A4 / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; C404944:PRAME protein, human; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D000071999:S100 Calcium-Binding Protein A4; C077591:S100A4 protein, human