title: Convection-enhanced delivery in glioblastoma: a review of preclinical and clinical studies.
abstract: Glioblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor, and it carries an extremely poor prognosis. Attempts to develop targeted therapies have been hindered because the blood-brain barrier prevents many drugs from reaching tumors cells. Furthermore, systemic toxicity of drugs often limits their therapeutic potential. A number of alternative methods of delivery have been developed, one of which is convection-enhanced delivery (CED), the focus of this review. The authors describe CED as a therapeutic measure and review preclinical studies and the most prominent clinical trials of CED in the treatment of glioblastoma. The utilization of this technique for the delivery of a variety of agents is covered, and its shortcomings and challenges are discussed in detail.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Arman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jahangiri
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Aaron T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Patrick M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Flanigan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Krystof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bankiewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors.forename: Manish K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Aghi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018481:Convection; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans
keywords: BBB = blood-brain barrier; CED = convection-enhanced delivery; GDL = gadoteridol-loaded liposomes; HSV-TK = herpes simplex virus–thymidine kinase; IL-4 = interleukin-4; OS = overall survival; PFS = progression-free survival; TF = transferrin; TMZ = temozolomide; TRAIL = tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand; blood-brain barrier; convection enhanced delivery; glioblastoma; oncology