title: iTRAQ-based analysis of developmental dynamics in the soybean leaf proteome reveals pathways associated with leaf photosynthetic rate.
abstract: Photosynthetic rate which acts as a vital limiting factor largely affects the potential of soybean production, especially during the senescence phase. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms that underlying the change of photosynthetic rate during the developmental process of soybean leaves remain unclear. In this study, we compared the protein dynamics during the developmental process of leaves between the soybean cultivar Hobbit and the high-photosynthetic rate cultivar JD 17 using the iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification) method. A total number of 1269 proteins were detected in the leaves of these two cultivars at three different developmental stages. These proteins were classified into nine expression patterns depending on the expression levels at different developmental stages, and the proteins in each pattern were also further classified into three large groups and 20 small groups depending on the protein functions. Only 3.05-6.53 % of the detected proteins presented a differential expression pattern between these two cultivars. Enrichment factor analysis indicated that proteins involved in photosynthesis composed an important category. The expressions of photosynthesis-related proteins were also further confirmed by western blotting. Together, our results suggested that the reduction in photosynthetic rate as well as chloroplast activity and composition during the developmental process was a highly regulated and complex process which involved a serial of proteins that function as potential candidates to be targeted by biotechnological approaches for the improvement of photosynthetic rate and production.
authors.affiliation: National Soybean Improvement Center Shijiazhuang Sub-Center, North China Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean Ministry of Agriculture, Cereal and Oil Crop Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050031, People's Republic of China.|Department of Horticulture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: National Foxtail Millet Improvement Center, Minor Cereal Crops Laboratory of Hebei Province Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050035, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jianan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Geochemical Environmental Research Group, Texas A&M University, 833 Graham Road, College Station, TX, 77845, USA.
authors.forename: Duan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Beijing Protein Innovation, B-8, Beijing Airport Industrial Zone, Beijing, 101318, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Changcheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: National Soybean Improvement Center Shijiazhuang Sub-Center, North China Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean Ministry of Agriculture, Cereal and Oil Crop Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050031, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fengmin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
authors.forename: Pengyin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Beijing Protein Innovation, B-8, Beijing Airport Industrial Zone, Beijing, 101318, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
authors.forename: Jinbing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, People's Republic of China. xujin@xtbg.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: National Soybean Improvement Center Shijiazhuang Sub-Center, North China Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean Ministry of Agriculture, Cereal and Oil Crop Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050031, People's Republic of China. mengchenzhang@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Mengchen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D010788:Photosynthesis; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D060066:Protein Interaction Maps; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D013025:Glycine max / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins
keywords: Photosynthesis; Proteome; Soybean; iTRAQ