title: Novel gold nanoparticles coated with somatostatin as a potential delivery system for targeting somatostatin receptors.
abstract: Targeting of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) like somatostatin-14 (SST-14) could have a potential interest in delivery of anti-cancer agents to tumor cells. Attachment of SST to different nano-carriers e.g. polymeric nanoparticles is limited due to the difficulty of interaction between SST itself and those nano-carriers. Furthermore, the instability problems associated with the final formulation. Attaching of SST to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using the positive and negative charge of SST and citrate-AuNPs could be considered a new technique to get stable non-aggregated AuNPs coated with SST. Different analyses techniques have been performed to proof the principle of coating between AuNPs and SST. Furthermore, cellular uptake studies on HCC-1806, HELA and U-87 cell lines has been investigated to show the ability of AuNPs coated SST to enter the cells via SST receptors. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) indicated a successful coating of SST on the MUA-AuNPs surface. Furthermore, all the performed analysis including DLS, SDS-PAGE and UV-VIS absorption spectra indicated a successful coating of AuNPs with SST. Cellular uptake studies on HCC-1806, HELA and U-87 cell lines showed that the number of AuNPs-SST per cell is signiflcantly higher compared to citrate-AuNPs when quantified using inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy. Moreover, the binding of AuNPs-SST to cells can be suppressed by addition of antagonist, indicating that the binding of AuNPs-SST to cells is due to receptor-specific binding. In conclusion, AuNPs could be attached to SST via adsorption to get stable AuNPs coated SST. This new formulation has a potential to target SST receptors localized in many normal and tumor cells.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Assiut , Egypt ;
authors.forename: Ahmed A H
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Abdellatif
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Assiut , Egypt ;
authors.forename: Gamal
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zayed
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo , Egypt ;
authors.forename: Asmaa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Bakry
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Al-Azhar University , Cairo , Egypt ;
authors.forename: Alaa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zaky
authors.affiliation: c School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science , Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool , UK ;
authors.forename: Imran Y
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Saleem
authors.affiliation: d Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Assiut University , Assiut , Egypt.
authors.forename: Hesham M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Tawfeek
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival; D002951:Citrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D017481:Receptors, Somatostatin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002951:Citrates; D017481:Receptors, Somatostatin; D013004:Somatostatin; D006046:Gold
keywords: Citrate gold nanoparticles; HCC-1806 cell lines; nanoparticles targeting; somatostatin acetate; somatostatin targeting