title: A novel M2e-multiple antigenic peptide providing heterologous protection in mice.
abstract: Swine influenza viruses (SwIVs) cause considerable morbidity and mortality in domestic pigs, resulting in a significant economic burden. Moreover, pigs have been considered to be a possible mixing vessel in which novel strains loom. Here, we developed and evaluated a novel M2e-multiple antigenic peptide (M2e-MAP) as a supplemental antigen for inactivated H3N2 vaccine to provide cross-protection against two main subtypes of SwIVs, H1N1 and H3N2. The novel tetra-branched MAP was constructed by fusing four copies of M2e to one copy of foreign T helper cell epitopes. A high-yield reassortant H3N2 virus was generated by plasmid based reverse genetics. The efficacy of the novel H3N2 inactivated vaccines with or without M2e-MAP supplementation was evaluated in a mouse model. M2e-MAP conjugated vaccine induced strong antibody responses in mice. Complete protection against the heterologous swine H1N1 virus was observed in mice vaccinated with M2e-MAP combined vaccine. Moreover, this novel peptide confers protection against lethal challenge of A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1). Taken together, our results suggest the combined immunization of reassortant inactivated H3N2 vaccine and the novel M2e-MAP provided cross-protection against swine and human viruses and may serve as a promising approach for influenza vaccine development.
authors.affiliation: Division of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Division of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Ji-Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Division of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Division of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Fu-Ru
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Division of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Division of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Division of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Ze-Jun
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Division of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Xiu-Hui
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Division of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Xin
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Division of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Division of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Wu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: Division of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
authors.forename: Guang-Zhi
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Tong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D001835:Body Weight; D056738:Cross Protection / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D053122:Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D010455:Peptides; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic
keywords: H3N2; M2e-multiple antigenic peptide; high-yield; inactivated vaccine; swine influenza virus