title: Maternal diet of polyunsaturated fatty acid altered the cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus and influenced glutamatergic and serotoninergic systems of neonatal female rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are major components of the phospholipids that forming the cell membrane. Insufficient availability of PUFAs during prenatal period decreases accretion of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the developing brain. DHA deficiency is associated with impaired attention and cognition, and would precipitate psychiatric symptoms. However, clinical studies on the potential benefits of dietary DHA supplementation to neural development have yielded conflicting results.
  
  
  METHODS
  To further investigate the neurochemical influence of maternal PUFAs levels, we assessed the functioning of various neurotransmitter systems including glutamatergic, dopaminergic, norepinephrinergic and serotoninergic systems in the brain of neonatal female rats by HPLC-MS/MS. Meanwhile, the cell proliferation of neonatal rats was investigated using immunefluorescence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Different maternal n-3 PUFAs dietary influenced the FA composition, cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus and the contents of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamine (GLN), dopamine (DA) and its metabolites [3,4- dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA)], norepinephrine (NE), vanilmandelic acid (VMA) and 5-HT turnover in the brain of neonatal rats. However, the mRNA expression of key synthase of neurotransmitters remains stable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study showed that maternal deficiency of n-3 PUFAs might play an important role in central nervous system of neonatal female rats mainly through impairing the normal neurogenesis and influencing glutamatergic system and 5-HT turnover.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China.|School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Mimi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China.|School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China.
authors.forename: Hualin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China. lihuande1953@126.com.
authors.forename: Huande
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272000, PR China.
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272000, PR China.
authors.forename: Ruili
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China.
authors.forename: Yiping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China.|School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China.|School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China.|School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Lingjuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China.|School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Yanqin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D018891:Dentate Gyrus / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000172:deficiency / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D012701:Serotonin; D018698:Glutamic Acid
keywords: Arachidonic acid (AA); Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); Neurogenesis; Neurotransmitter system; Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)