title: Effects of Pyrolysis Temperature on Product Yields and Energy Recovery from Co-Feeding of Cotton Gin Trash, Cow Manure, and Microalgae: A Simulation Study.
abstract: The intensive search of new and cleaner energy catches interest in recent years due to huge consumption of fossil fuels coupled with the challenge of energy and environmental sustainability. Production of renewable and environmentally benign energy from locally available raw materials is coming in the frontline. In this work, conversion of the combined biomass (cotton gin trash, cow manure, and Microalgae [Nannochloropsis oculata]) through batch pyrolysis has been investigated. The effect of temperature to the production of energy fuels such as bio-oil, char, and biogas have been simulated considering the yield and energy content as responses. Result of the investigation generally revealed that the proportions of the different biomass did not significantly affect the product yield and energy recovery. Significant effect of temperature is evident in the simulation result of energy recovery whereby maximum conversion was achieved at 400°C for char (91 wt%), 600°C for syngas (22 wt%), and 551°C for bio-oil (48 wt%). Overall energy conversion efficiency of 75.5% was obtained at 589°C in which 15.6 MJ/kg of mixed biomass will be elevated to pyrolysis products.
authors.affiliation: Bio-Energy Testing and Analysis Laboratory (BETA Lab), Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, United States of America.|Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad, 46000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad Usman
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Hanif
authors.affiliation: Bio-Energy Testing and Analysis Laboratory (BETA Lab), Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sergio C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Capareda
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad, 46000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.affiliation: Bio-Energy Testing and Analysis Laboratory (BETA Lab), Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, United States of America.|Institute of Engineering and Technology, Misamis Oriental State College of Agriculture and Technology, Northern Mindanao, 9004, Philippines.
authors.forename: Renato Ortiz
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Arazo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad, 46000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad Anwar
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Baig
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D056804:Biofuels; D002417:Cattle; D032561:Cotton Fiber; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008372:Manure; D058086:Microalgae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D008372:Manure