title: College Students' Physical Activity and Health-Related Quality of Life: An Achievement Goal Perspective.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The 2 × 2 achievement goal model, including the mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance goal orientations, has recently been used to explain motivational outcomes in physical activity. This study attempted to examine the relationships among 2 × 2 achievement goal orientations, physical activity, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in college students.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 325 students (130 men and 195 women; Mage = 21.4 years) enrolled in physical activity classes at a Southern university. They completed surveys validated in previous research assessing achievement goal orientations, physical activity, and HRQOL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Path analyses revealed a good fit between the model and data (root mean square error of approximation = .06; Comparative Fit Index = .99; Bentler-Bonett Nonnormed Fit Index = .98; Incremental Fit Index = .99), but the model explained small variances in the current study. Mastery-approach and performance-approach goal orientations only had low or no relationships with physical activity. Mastery-approach goal orientation and physical activity also had low positive relationships with HRQOL, but mastery-avoidance and performance-avoidance goal orientations had low negative relationships with HRQOL. The hypothesized mediational role of physical activity in the relationship between mastery-approach and performance-approach goal orientations and HRQOL was not supported in this study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the data fit the proposed model well, only small variance was explained by the model. The relationship between physical activity and HRQOL of the college students and other related correlates should be further studied.
authors.affiliation: a University of North Texas.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: b Texas A & M University.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: a University of North Texas.
authors.forename: Xiangli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: a University of North Texas.
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rose
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006040:Goals; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D010809:Physical Fitness; D011788:Quality of Life; D013334:Students; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Achievement motivation; health benefits; physical inactivity; well-being