title: Differences in Mental Health Symptoms Across Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Questioning Youth in Primary Care Settings.
abstract: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and questioning (LGBQ) youth exhibit significantly higher rates of mental health problems, including anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, and nonsuicidal self-injury than their heterosexual peers. Past studies tend to group LGBQ youth together; however, more recent studies suggest subtle differences in risk between sexual minority groups. This study examined differences in mental health symptoms across male and female youth who are attracted to the same sex (gay and lesbian), opposite sex (heterosexual), both sexes (bisexual), or are unsure of whom they were attracted to (questioning) in a sample of 2,513 youth (ages 14-24 years).
  
  
  
  Data were collected using the Behavioral Health Screen-a Web-based screening tool that assesses psychiatric symptoms and risk behaviors-during routine well visits.
  
  
  
  Bisexual and questioning females endorsed significantly higher scores on the depression, anxiety, and traumatic distress subscales than did heterosexual females. Lesbians, bisexual females, and questioning females all exhibited significantly higher lifetime suicide scores than heterosexual females. Interestingly, bisexual females exhibited the highest current suicide scores. Gay and bisexual males endorsed significantly higher scores on the depression and traumatic distress subscales than did heterosexual males. Gay males also exhibited higher scores on the anxiety subscale than heterosexual males, with bisexual males exhibiting a nonsignificant trend toward higher scores as well.
  
  
  
  Findings highlight varying level of risk across subgroups of LGBQ youth and suggest the importance of considering LGBQ groups separately in the context of a behavioral health assessment, especially for females.
authors.affiliation: Department of Couple and Family Therapy, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Electronic address: ams694@drexel.edu.
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shearer
authors.affiliation: Department of Couple and Family Therapy, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Herres
authors.affiliation: Department of Couple and Family Therapy, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Tamar
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kodish
authors.affiliation: Department of Couple and Family Therapy, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Squitieri
authors.affiliation: Department of Couple and Family Therapy, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Kiera
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: James
authors.affiliation: Department of Couple and Family Therapy, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Jody
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Russon
authors.affiliation: Department of Couple and Family Therapy, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Tita
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Atte
authors.affiliation: Department of Couple and Family Therapy, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Guy S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Diamond
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001007:Anxiety; D001526:Behavioral Symptoms / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008297:Male; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000379:methods*; D012306:Risk; D012737:Sex Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D000072339:Sexual and Gender Minorities / Q000523:psychology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Adolescence; LGBQ; Mental health screening; Primary care