title: "Scar-cinoma": viewing the fibrotic lung mesenchymal cell in the context of cancer biology.
abstract: Lung cancer and pulmonary fibrosis are common, yet distinct, pathological processes that represent urgent unmet medical needs. Striking clinical and mechanistic parallels exist between these distinct disease entities. The goal of this article is to examine lung fibrosis from the perspective of cancer-associated phenotypic hallmarks, to discuss areas of mechanistic overlap and distinction, and to highlight profibrotic mechanisms that contribute to carcinogenesis. Ultimately, we speculate that such comparisons might identify opportunities to leverage our current understanding of the pathobiology of each disease process in order to advance novel therapeutic approaches for both. We anticipate that such "outside the box" concepts could be translated to a more precise and individualised approach to fibrotic diseases of the lung.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA jchorow@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Jeffrey C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Horowitz
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Osterholzer
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis, Dept of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Greece.
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marazioti
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Molecular Respiratory Carcinogenesis, Dept of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Greece Comprehensive Pneumology Center and Institute for Lung Biology and Disease, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Georgios T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Stathopoulos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy; D063646:Carcinogenesis; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000473:pathology*; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D054990:Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000473:pathology*; D007249:Inflammation; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology*; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D010641:Phenotype; D057285:Precision Medicine; D015398:Signal Transduction