title: Interferon lambda and hepatitis C virus core protein polymorphisms associated with liver cancer.
abstract: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is often persistent and gradually advances from chronic hepatitis to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Worldwide, hepatocellular carcinoma is the fifth most common neoplasm.
  
  
  
  the Interferon lambda (IFNL) polymorphisms genotypes (rs8099917, rs12979860 and rs12980275) and the presence of mutations in HCV core protein were analyzed in 59 patients with HCC, and also in 50 cirrhotic patients (without HCC).
  
  
  
  the rs12980275-AG genotype was associated with HCC on age-adjusted analysis (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.03-5.69, P=0.043). Core substitutions R70Q and L91M were mainly found in genotype 1b isolates. Furthermore, a borderline level of statistical significance association was found among the presence of amino acid Glutamine (Q) in the position 70 and IFNL3 genotype AG (P=0.054).
  
  
  
  the screening of these polymorphisms and functional studies would be useful in clinical practice for identifying groups at high risk of HCC development.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology "João Alves de Queiroz and Castorina Bittencourt Alves", LIM-07, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Paulo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology "João Alves de Queiroz and Castorina Bittencourt Alves", LIM-07, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: femalta@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Fernanda de Mello
authors.initials: Fde M
authors.lastname: Malta
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Samuel Oschin Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
authors.forename: Márcio Augusto
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Diniz
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline Lopes
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Chagas
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology "João Alves de Queiroz and Castorina Bittencourt Alves", LIM-07, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Livia de Souza Botelho
authors.initials: Lde S
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology "João Alves de Queiroz and Castorina Bittencourt Alves", LIM-07, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Michele Soares
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Gomes-Gouvêa
authors.affiliation: Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vanessa Fusco Duarte
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: de Castro
authors.affiliation: Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rubia Anita Ferraz
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Santana
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory Division of Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nairo Massakazu
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Sumita
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Denise Cerqueira
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Paranagua Vezozzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flair José
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Carrilho
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology "João Alves de Queiroz and Castorina Bittencourt Alves", LIM-07, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Renato Rebello
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Pinho
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics*; D018936:Hepatitis C Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007372:Interferons; D007378:Interleukins / Q000235:genetics*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D014758:Viral Core Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D000095022:Interferon Lambda
chemical_list: D018936:Hepatitis C Antigens; D007372:Interferons; D007378:Interleukins; D014758:Viral Core Proteins; C000624353:interferon-lambda, human; D000095022:Interferon Lambda; C579163:IFNL4 protein, human
keywords: Chronic hepatitis; Hepatitis C virus; Immune responses; Infection; Mutation; Oncogenesis