title: Robotic surgery training: construct validity of Global Evaluative Assessment of Robotic Skills (GEARS).
abstract: The objective of this study is to determine the ability of the GEARS scale (Global Evaluative Assessment of Robotic Skills) to differentiate individuals with different levels of experience in robotic surgery, as a fundamental validation. This is a cross-sectional study that included three groups of individuals with different levels of experience in robotic surgery (expert, intermediate, novice) their performance were assessed by GEARS applied by two reviewers. The difference between groups was determined by Mann-Whitney test and the consistency between the reviewers was studied by Kendall W coefficient. The agreement between the reviewers of the scale GEARS was 0.96. The score was 29.8 ± 0.4 to experts, 24 ± 2.8 to intermediates and 16 ± 3 to novices, with a statistically significant difference between all of them (p < 0.05). All parameters from the scale allow discriminating between different levels of experience, with exception of the depth perception item. We conclude that the scale GEARS was able to differentiate between individuals with different levels of experience in robotic surgery and, therefore, is a validated and useful tool to evaluate surgeons in training.
authors.affiliation: Robotic Surgery Program. University Hospital of Caracas, Medicine Faculty, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.|Robotic and Minimally Invasive Surgery (UNIC), Caracas, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Robotic Surgery Program. University Hospital of Caracas, Medicine Faculty, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela. orodriguez@unic.com.ve.|Robotic and Minimally Invasive Surgery (UNIC), Caracas, Venezuela. orodriguez@unic.com.ve.
authors.forename: Omaira
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0322-8073
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Robotic Surgery Program. University Hospital of Caracas, Medicine Faculty, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rosciano
authors.affiliation: Robotic Surgery Program. University Hospital of Caracas, Medicine Faculty, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Liumariel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vegas
authors.affiliation: Robotic Surgery Program. University Hospital of Caracas, Medicine Faculty, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bond
authors.affiliation: Robotic Surgery Program. University Hospital of Caracas, Medicine Faculty, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Aram
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rojas
authors.affiliation: Robotic Surgery Program. University Hospital of Caracas, Medicine Faculty, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.|Robotic and Minimally Invasive Surgery (UNIC), Caracas, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Ismayel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015588:Observer Variation; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D065287:Robotic Surgical Procedures / Q000191:economics* / Q000592:standards*; D012371:Robotics / Q000193:education*; D066231:Surgeons / Q000193:education* / Q000592:standards; D014687:Venezuela
keywords: Evaluation; GEARS; Robotic surgery; Training