title: Eclipta yellow vein virus enhances chlorophyll destruction, singlet oxygen production and alters endogenous redox status in Andrographis paniculata.
abstract: The infection of Eclipta yellow vein virus [EcYVV-IN, Accession No. KC476655], recently reported for the first time, on Andrographis paniculata was studied for redox-mediated alteration mechanism in infected plants. A. paniculata, an important medicinal plant, is used in traditional Indian, Chinese and modern system of medicine. Andrographolide, one of the foremost components of this plant, is known for its varied pharmacological properties. Our investigation provides insight into the effect of virus-induced changes in the singlet oxygen quenching due to the alteration in pigment content (chlorophyll and carotenoids) as well as activation of plant secondary metabolism along with defense activation leading to changes in enzymatic and non-enzymatic redox status. Due to infection, a reduction in carotenoid content was observed which leads to reduced quenching of singlet oxygen. An increased level of enzymatic (SOD and APX) and non-enzymatic antioxidant (DPPH, FRAP, RP, NO, TAC and TP) activities were also observed in virus-infected plants with a positive correlation (>0.9). However, CAT activity was diminished which could be either due to its proteolytic degradation or inactivation by superoxide anions (O(2-.)), NO or peroxynitrite radicals. A significant (p < 0.05) increase in total phenolic content was observed in the infected plants while no considerable difference was seen in the total flavonoid content. Our results highlighted the alteration in redox status caused by virus-induced biotic stress on the plants and could be useful for understanding the after effects of viral infection This study could also be helpful in developing biomimetic methods for improving the production of secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical importance.
authors.affiliation: Plant Pathology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India.
authors.forename: Asifa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India.
authors.forename: Suaib
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luqman
authors.affiliation: Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India.
authors.forename: Nusrat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Masood
authors.affiliation: Molecular Bioprospection Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India.
authors.forename: Dhananjay Kumar
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Plant Pathology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India.
authors.forename: Sana Tabanda
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Saeed
authors.affiliation: Plant Pathology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India. Electronic address: samad_cimap@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: Abdul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Samad
mesh_terms: D035685:Andrographis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000378:metabolism; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010942:Plant Viruses / Q000502:physiology*; D026082:Singlet Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002734:Chlorophyll; D026082:Singlet Oxygen; D002338:Carotenoids
keywords: Andrographis paniculata; Antioxidant; Free radicals; Plant stress response; Redox; Singlet oxygen; Virus