title: Optimization of Betulinic Acid Extraction from Tecomella undulata Bark Using a Box-Behnken Design and Its Densitometric Validation.
abstract: Betulinic acid (BA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid acid obtained from the stem bark of Tecomella undulata Seem. (Bignoniaceae). Development of an efficient extraction method for the isolation of BA is important as it has a wide range of pharmacological activity. A Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to investigate the effect of extraction variables such as temperature (30-60 °C), time (4-8 h) and solvent to drug ratio (300-500 mL/100 g) on the maximization of BA yield and its quantification using validated densitometric high performance thin layer chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection (HPTLC-VIS). A quadratic polynomial model was found to best fit the model with R² = 0.99. The optimized Soxhlet extraction yielded 2.449% w/w of BA at a temperature 53.86 °C, time 6.38 h and solvent to drug ratio 371 mL/100 g. BA in Tecomella undulata bark was detected at Rf value of 0.65 at 510 nm using the solvent system toluene-ethyl acetate-glacial acetic acid (8.5:1.5:0.02 v/v/v). The analytical method was validated and the linear regression analysis reflects good linear relationship (R² = 0.9902). Lower %RSD and SEM suggested that the developed HPTLC-VIS method was precise, accurate and robust. Therefore, these economical techniques are very efficient and promising for the extraction and quantification of pharmaceutically important BA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India. nahida62khan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nahida
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Siddiqui
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India. vaeri@jamiahamdard.ac.in.
authors.forename: Vidhu
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Aeri
mesh_terms: D029402:Bignoniaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000094062:Betulinic Acid
chemical_list: D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014315:Triterpenes; D000094062:Betulinic Acid
keywords: Bignoniaceae; Box-Behnken design; Tecomella undulata; betulinic acid; high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC)