title: Short-pulse duration retinal lasers: a review.
abstract: The development of lasers for biological use was an important medical advance in the 20th century with numerous evidence-based therapeutic applications to retinal disease, including capillary leakage at the macula. Although the role of photocoagulative laser in the treatment of macular oedema has diminished, there is evidence for a modified role in clinical management, particularly for extrafoveal leakage. Additionally, it may reduce the frequency of required intravitreal injections and assist in visual stabilization when used as an adjunct. The tissue destructive effect of photocoagulative lasers has motivated the development of safer macular lasers and the search for novel therapeutic applications, including treatment of drusen and regeneration of dysfunctional retinal pigment epithelium.
authors.affiliation: South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Hanson Institute, Australia.|University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Luke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chehade
authors.affiliation: South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Hanson Institute, Australia.|University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Glyn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chidlow
authors.affiliation: South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Hanson Institute, Australia.|University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.affiliation: South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Hanson Institute, Australia.|University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Casson
mesh_terms: D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D017075:Laser Coagulation / Q000266:history / Q000295:instrumentation*; D054023:Lasers, Semiconductor; D012160:Retina / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: laser; nanosecond; photocoagulation; retina; subthreshold diode micropulse