title: What do I do? Developing a competency inventory for postgraduate (residency) program directors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few new Residency Program Directors (PD) are formally trained for the demands and responsibilities of the leadership aspect of their role. Currently, there are no comprehensive frameworks that describe specific leadership competencies that can inform PD self-reflection or faculty development.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors developed a Postgraduate Program Director Competency Inventory (PPDCI) in order to frame the performance of PDs for a multisource feedback (MSF) program. The development of the PPDCI occurred in five phases which involved: development of an initial inventory, implementation of a key informant survey of national opinion leaders, execution of a validity survey with postgraduate education leaders and committee members and implementation of a further refined inventory with 17 PD and 147 raters as part of a pilot MSF program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five distinct domains of leadership competence were identified which included: Communication and relationship management, leadership, professionalism and self-management, environmental engagement, and management skills and knowledge. The content validity of the PPDCI was endorsed by 85% of the key informants. The validity survey indicated strong endorsement of the PPDCI domains and recognition of its utility for both orientation of new PD as well as a frame for self-assessment. The pilot MSF program yielded a further refined and reduced inventory of 26 items of competence as well as recommendations for its utility.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of this leadership inventory has the potential to ensure effective leadership of postgraduate programs.
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.|b Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Faculty Development , St. Michael's Hospital , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.
authors.forename: Susan J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lieff
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.|c Department of Psychiatry , Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.
authors.forename: Ari
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zaretsky
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.|b Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Faculty Development , St. Michael's Hospital , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.
authors.forename: Glen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bandiera
authors.affiliation: d Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine , Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imrie
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.|d Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine , Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spadafora
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Glover Takahashi
mesh_terms: D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000458:organization & administration; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D005180:Faculty, Medical / Q000592:standards*; D000068156:Formative Feedback; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000458:organization & administration; D007857:Leadership; D009864:Ontario; D011361:Professional Competence / Q000592:standards*; D012577:Schools, Medical; D012647:Self-Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires