title: Access, treatment and outcomes of care: a study of ethnic minorities in Europe.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent research has shown that ethnic minorities still have less access to medical care and are less satisfied with the treatment they receive and the outcomes of the health care process. This article assesses how migrants in Europe experience access, treatment and outcomes in the European health care systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were obtained from the QUALICOPC study (Quality and Costs of Primary Care in Europe). Regression analyses were used to estimate the access, treatment and outcomes of care for ethnic minorities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In several countries, migrants experience that the opening hours of their GP practice were too limited and indicate that the practice was too far away from their work or home (lower access). They are more likely to report negative patient-doctor communication and less continuity of care than native patients (worse treatment). In addition, they are less satisfied with the care they received and are more likely to postpone care (worse outcomes).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In general, migrants are still disadvantaged during the health care process. However, our results also indicate that satisfaction with the health care process improves for second-generation migrants in comparison with first-generation migrants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, Ghent University, Pintelaan 185, 6K3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. lise.hanssens@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Lise G M
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Hanssens
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, Ghent University, Pintelaan 185, 6K3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Detollenaere
authors.affiliation: Department of Criminology, Criminal Law and Social Law, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hardyns
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine and Primary Health Care, Ghent University, Pintelaan 185, 6K3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Sara J T
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Willems
mesh_terms: D003266:Continuity of Patient Care; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005060:Europe; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D054625:Healthcare Disparities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008913:Minority Groups / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011787:Quality of Health Care
keywords: Ethnic minorities; Europe; Logistic regression; Primary health care