title: The spread of non-OIE-listed avian diseases through international trade of chicken meat: an assessment of the risks to New Zealand.
abstract: Twelve avian diseases are listed by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), although more than 100 infectious diseases have been described in commercial poultry. This article summarises a recent assessment of the biosecurity risks posed by non-listed avian diseases associated with imports of chilled or frozen chicken meat and meat products into New Zealand. Following the guidelines described in Chapter 2.1 of the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code, avian adenovirus splenomegaly virus, avian paramyxovirus-2 (APMV-2), Bordetella avium, Mycoplasma spp., Ureaplasma spp., Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale, Riemerella anatipestifer, and Salmonella arizonae have been identified as hazards. However, of all the non-listed avian diseases discussed here, only APMV-2 and S. arizonae are assessed as being risks associated with the commercial import of chicken meat into New Zealand. Specific control measures may have to be implemented to mitigate such risks. This conclusion is likely to reflect both the high-health status of New Zealand poultry and the threat posed by these infectious agents to New Zealand's unique population of native psittacine species.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Cobb
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000827:Animal Welfare / Q000592:standards; D000818:Animals; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary; D002645:Chickens; D003132:Commerce; D038622:Internationality; D008460:Meat / Q000382:microbiology*; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D010273:Parasitic Diseases, Animal / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology