title: Cost-effectiveness of stent-retriever thrombectomy in combination with IV t-PA compared with IV t-PA alone for acute ischemic stroke in the UK.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of neurothrombectomy with a stent retriever (Solitaire * Revascularization Device) in treating acute ischemic stroke patients from the UK healthcare provider perspective.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Markov model was developed to simulate health outcomes and costs of two therapies over a lifetime time horizon: stent-retriever thrombectomy in combination with intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator (IV t-PA), and IV t-PA alone. The model incorporated an acute phase (0-90 days) and a rest of life phase (90+ days). Health states were defined by the modified Rankin Scale score. During the rest of life phase, patients remained in the same health state until a recurrent stroke or death. Clinical effectiveness and safety data were taken from the SWIFT PRIME study. Resource use and health state utilities were informed by published data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Combined stent-retriever thrombectomy and IV t-PA led to improved quality-of-life and increased life expectancy compared to IV t-PA alone. The higher treatment costs associated with the use of stent-retriever thrombectomy were offset by long-term cost savings due to improved patient health status, leading to overall cost savings of £33 190 per patient and a net benefit of £79 402. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses demonstrated that the results were robust to a wide range of parameter inputs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The acute and long-term costs resource use data were taken from a study based on a patient population that was older and may have had additional comorbidities than the SWIFT PRIME population, resulting in costs that may not be representative of the cohort within this model. In addition, the estimates may not reflect stroke care today as no current evidence is available; however, the cost estimates were deemed reasonable by clinical opinion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined stent-retriever neurothrombectomy and IV t-PA is a cost-effective treatment for acute ischemic stroke compared with IV t-PA alone.
authors.affiliation: a Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust , London , UK ;
authors.forename: Kyriakos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lobotesis
authors.affiliation: b Division of Brain Sciences , Imperial College , London , UK ;
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Veltkamp
authors.affiliation: c York Health Economics Consortium, University of York , York , UK ;
authors.forename: Isobel H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Carpenter
authors.affiliation: c York Health Economics Consortium, University of York , York , UK ;
authors.forename: Lindsay M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Claxton
authors.affiliation: d Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center, David Geffen School of Medicine , University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Saver
authors.affiliation: c York Health Economics Consortium, University of York , York , UK ;
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hodgson
mesh_terms: D061605:Administration, Intravenous; D000368:Aged; D002548:Cerebral Revascularization / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008017:Life Expectancy; D008297:Male; D008390:Markov Chains; D008875:Middle Aged; D017059:Models, Econometric; D011788:Quality of Life; D015607:Stents; D020521:Stroke / Q000191:economics / Q000628:therapy*; D017131:Thrombectomy / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator
keywords: Cost-effectiveness; Solitaire; Stent retriever; Stroke; Tissue-type plasminogen activator