title: Accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: A new, minimally-invasive corticotomy technique using a 3D-printed surgical template.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A reduction in orthodontic treatment time can be attained using corticotomies. The aggressive nature of corticotomy due to the elevation of muco-periosteal flaps and to the duration of the surgery raised reluctance for its employ among patients and dental community. This study aims to provide detailed information on the design and manufacture of a 3D-printed CAD-CAM (computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing) surgical guide which can aid the clinician in achieving a minimally-invasive, flapless corticotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  An impression of dental arches was created; the models were digitally-acquired using a 3D scanner and saved as STereoLithography ( STL ) files. The patient underwent cone beam computed tomography (CBCT): images of jaws and teeth were transformed into 3D models and saved as an STL file. An acrylic template with the design of a surgical guide was manufactured and scanned. The STLs of jaws, scanned casts, and acrylic templates were matched. 3D modeling software allowed the view of the 3D models from different perspectives and planes with perfect rendering. The 3D model of the acrylic template was transformed into a surgical guide with slots designed to guide, at first, a scalpel blade and then a piezoelectric cutting insert. The 3D STL model of the surgical guide was printed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This procedure allowed the manufacturing of a 3D-printed CAD/CAM surgical guide, which overcomes the disadvantages of the corticotomy, removing the need for flap elevation. No discomfort, early surgical complications or unexpected events were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effectiveness of this minimally-invasive surgical technique can offer the clinician a valid alternative to other methods currently in use.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via Caserta, 6, 00161, Rome, Italy, michele.cassetta@uniroma1.it.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cassetta
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giansanti
mesh_terms: D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques