title: Evaluation of the detoxication efficiencies for acrylonitrile wastewater treated by a combined anaerobic oxic-aerobic biological fluidized tank (A/O-ABFT) process: Acute toxicity and zebrafish embryo toxicity.
abstract: Acrylonitrile (ACN) wastewater generated during ACN production has been reported to be toxic to many aquatic organisms. However, few studies have evaluated toxicity removal of ACN wastewater during and after the treatment process. In this study, the detoxication ability of an ACN wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was evaluated using Daphnia magna, Danio rerio and zebrafish embryo. This ACN WWTP has a combined anaerobic oxic-aerobic biological fluidized tank (A/O-ABFT) process upgraded from the traditional anaerobic oxic (A/O) process. Moreover, the potential toxicants of the ACN wastewaters were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The raw ACN wastewater showed high acute and embryo toxicity. 3-Cyanopyridine, succinonitrile and a series of nitriles were detected as the toxic contributors of ACN wastewater. The A/O process was effective for the acute and embryo toxicity removal, as well as the organic toxicants. However, the A/O effluent still showed acute and embryo toxicity which was attributed by the undegraded and the newly generated toxicants during the A/O process. The residual acute and embryo toxicity as well as the organic toxicants in the A/O effluent were further reduced after going through the downstream ABFT process system. The final effluent displayed no significant acute and embryo toxicity, and less organic toxicants were detected in the final effluent. The upgrade of this ACN WWTP results in the improved removal efficiencies for acute and embryo toxicity, as well as the organic toxicants.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
authors.forename: Chunhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Na
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
authors.forename: Minjie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China. Electronic address: quanxie@dlut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Quan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
authors.forename: Shuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
authors.forename: Yaobin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000181:Acrylonitrile / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D000332:Aerobiosis; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000818:Animals; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects*; D018505:Waste Management; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000196:embryology*
chemical_list: D000181:Acrylonitrile; D062065:Wastewater
keywords: Acrylonitrile wastewater; Danio rerio; Daphnia magna; GC-MS; Toxicant; Upgrade