title: Intravitreous Injection of Interleukin-6 Leads to a Sprouting in the Retinotectal Pathway at Different Stages of Development.
abstract: The development of retinotectal pathways form precise topographical maps is usually completed by the third postnatal week. Cytokines participate in the development and plasticity of the nervous system. We have previously shown that in vivo treatment with interleukin 2 disrupts the retinocollicular topographical order in early stages of development. Therefore, we decided to study the effect of a single intravitreous injection of IL-6 upon retinotectal circuitry in neonates and juvenile rats.
  
  
  
  Lister Hooded rats received an intravitreous injection of IL-6 (50 ng/ml) or vehicle (PBS) at either postnatal day (PND)10 or PND30 and the ipsilateral retinotectal pathway was evaluated 4 or 8 days later, respectively.
  
  
  
  Our data showed that, at different stages of development, a single IL-6 intravitreous treatment did not produce an inflammatory response and increased retinal axon innervation throughout the visual layers of the superior colliculus.
  
  
  
  Taken together, our data provide the first evidence that a single intravitreous injection with IL-6 leads to sprouting in the subcortical visual connections and suggest that small changes in IL-6 levels might be sufficient to impair the correct neuronal circuitry fine-tuning during brain development.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Neurocix00EA;ncias, Departamento de Neurobiologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterx00F3;i, Brazil.
authors.forename: Grasielle D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Menezes
authors.forename: Vanessa G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Goulart
authors.forename: Sheila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Espírito-Santo
authors.forename: Priscilla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Oliveira-Silva
authors.forename: Claudio Alberto
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Serfaty
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Campello-Costa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D013477:Superior Colliculi / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6