title: Elevated plasma concentrations of bacterial ClpB protein in patients with eating disorders.
abstract: Caseinolytic protease B (ClpB) produced by Enterobacteria, such as Escherichia coli, has been identified as a conformational mimetic of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), an anorexigenic and anxiogenic neuropeptide. In mice, ClpB induces α-MSH cross-reactive antibodies and activates anorexigenic brain neurons. In patients with eating disorders (ED), anti-ClpB and anti-α-MSH antibodies correlate with psychopathological traits. However, it is not known if ClpB is present in human plasma including ED patients.
  
  
  
  Plasma concentrations of ClpB were measured using a recently developed ClpB immunoassay in female patients with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder and compared with healthy participants, all characterized by the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) scale.
  
  
  
  We found that ClpB was readably detectable in plasma of healthy participants and ED patients and that its concentrations were elevated in ED patients, without significant differences in patient's subgroups. Plasma ClpB concentrations correlated with the EDI-2 scores, with α-MSH as well as with plasma levels of anti-ClpB and anti-α-MSH antibodies.
  
  
  
  These data revealed that bacterial ClpB is naturally present in human plasma and that its concentrations can be elevated in ED patients and associated with ED-related psychopathological traits. These results support a link between bacterial ClpB and the ED pathophysiology. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:805-808).
authors.affiliation: Nutrition, Gut and Brain Laboratory, Inserm UMR1073, Rouen, 76183, France.|Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Rouen University, Normandy University, Rouen, 76000, France.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Breton
authors.affiliation: Nutrition, Gut and Brain Laboratory, Inserm UMR1073, Rouen, 76183, France.|Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Rouen University, Normandy University, Rouen, 76000, France.
authors.forename: Romain
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Legrand
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Estonian Centre of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Tartu, 50409, Estonia.
authors.forename: Kirsti
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akkermann
authors.affiliation: Tartu University Clinics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50417, Estonia.
authors.forename: Anu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Järv
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Estonian Centre of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Tartu, 50409, Estonia.
authors.forename: Jaanus
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harro
authors.affiliation: Nutrition, Gut and Brain Laboratory, Inserm UMR1073, Rouen, 76183, France.|Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Rouen University, Normandy University, Rouen, 76000, France.|CHU Charles Nicolle, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, 76183, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Déchelotte
authors.affiliation: Nutrition, Gut and Brain Laboratory, Inserm UMR1073, Rouen, 76183, France.|Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Rouen University, Normandy University, Rouen, 76000, France.
authors.forename: Sergueï O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Fetissov
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology; D056912:Binge-Eating Disorder / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology; D052018:Bulimia Nervosa / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D049071:Endopeptidase Clp; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D055815:Young Adult; D000521:alpha-MSH / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D000521:alpha-MSH; D049071:Endopeptidase Clp; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; C028307:endopeptidase B; C069775:ClpB protein, E coli
keywords: appetite; gut microbiota; peptide hormones; psychoneuroimmunology