title: Quantitative Sonographic Differences in Mid-Urethra between Postmenopausal Women with and without Stress Urinary Incontinence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate midurethral tissue characteristics in continent and stress urinary incontinent postmenopausal women by using transvaginal ultrasound gray-level histogram.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-seven patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and 77 patients without SUI were evaluated. Vaginal ultrasound gray-level histograms were performed by 2 gynecologists blinded to patients' SUI statuses. The mean gray-level (MGL) of ultrasound gray-level histogram, representing the echogenicity of a region of interest, was measured in the anterior and posterior midurethral wall along a vertical ultrasound beam. The difference in MGL between anterior and posterior (AP difference) midurethra was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MGL value of SUI patients was found to be lower in posterior (p = 0.008) and higher in anterior midurethral region (p = 0.001) when compared with control group. In addition, the difference in MGL between anterior and posterior midurethra (AP difference) was found to be higher in SUI group (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis by logistic regression including confounding factors revealed that AP difference was independently associated with presence of SUI (adjusted OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.08-1.20, p < 0.001). Intra- and inter-observer reproducibility was found to be high with intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.83 and 0.78, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postmenopausal SUI patients might have a distinct midurethral echogenicity pattern with the quantitative ultrasonography.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Safak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Olgan
authors.forename: Ozge Piri
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Mantar
authors.forename: Recep Emre
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Okyay
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gulekli
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005320:Fetal Macrosomia; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D010298:Parity; D017698:Postmenopause; D011247:Pregnancy; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012907:Smoking; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods; D014521:Urethra / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*