title: Autism Spectrum Disorder and Chiari 1 Malformation Co-occurring in a Child.
abstract: Very few studies have shown associations between autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and Chiari 1 malformation. Here, we report an 10-year-old male that presented after having seizures with a history of Chiari 1 malformation, autism spectrum disorder and ADHD with moderate mental retardation and speech delay. This case highlights the fact that autism spectrum disorder as biologically based neurodevelopmental disorder with altered brain growth may be associated with Chiari 1 malformation and ADHD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, MI, 1000 Houghton Avenue, Saginaw, MI 48602 USA. Ferdnand.osuagwu@cmich.edu.
authors.forename: Ferdnand C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Osuagwu
authors.forename: Benedict
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Amalraj
authors.forename: Bernard D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Noveloso
authors.forename: Salisu A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Aikoye
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bradley
mesh_terms: D001139:Arnold-Chiari Malformation / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D000067877:Autism Spectrum Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D007805:Language Development Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male