title: Dominant viral pathologies in the extensive and semi-intensive animal breeding and their treatment mode in ethno veterinary medicine in Benin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to identify the dominant viral animal pathologies and to list the traditional recipes used by the breeders for their treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  The method of data collection was based on a retrospective survey. Thus, 787 breeders and agro-breeders scattered in the eight agro-ecological areas of Benin were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 5 pathologies were reported by breeders. Among those pathologies, foot and mouth disease was reported by all of the breeders of the southern part of Borgou compared with the other areas (p<0.05) and treated by 25 species of medicinal plants. African swine fever was the main pathology reported (22.92%) (p<0.05) in the fishery areas which is controlled by 7 medicinal plants. Pseudorinderpest was more reported (33.78%) (p<0.05) in the cotton area of central Benin and treated by 8 medicinal plants. There is also Newcastle disease that was mostly reported in the Western Atacora and treated by 32 medicinal plants as well as fowl pox which was a more reported in the lands of the bar area and the low-pressure area about 34.48% and 36.17% proportions, respectively, and treated by eight medicinal plants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The breeders in Benin possess rich ethno veterinary knowledge on medicinal plants and their uses in the treatment of livestock. A total of 57 medicinal plants have been inventoried to fight against five major viral diseases as African swine fever, pseudorinderpest and foot and mouth disease. The common plants used to treat viral disease in general were Euphorbia unispina, Euphorbia poissonii, Lannea acida, and Mangifera indica. The most harvested organs on the plants reported in this survey were the barks, the leaves, and the whole plants. To better develop our indigenous resources, it would be important to expand this ethno-pharmacological investigation to other diseases category.
authors.affiliation: University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi (EPAC), Department of Animals Health and Production, Research Laboratory of Applied Biology (LARBA), 01 BP 2009 Cotonou, Benin.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kpodékon
authors.affiliation: University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi (EPAC), Department of Animals Health and Production, Research Laboratory of Applied Biology (LARBA), 01 BP 2009 Cotonou, Benin.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ogni
authors.affiliation: University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Plant Biology, Laboratory of Botany and Plant Ecology, 01 BP 4521 Cotonou, Benin.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dassou
authors.affiliation: University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi (EPAC), Department of Animals Health and Production, Research Laboratory of Applied Biology (LARBA), 01 BP 2009 Cotonou, Benin.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Dougnon
authors.affiliation: University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi (EPAC), Department of Animals Health and Production, Research Laboratory of Applied Biology (LARBA), 01 BP 2009 Cotonou, Benin.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boko
authors.affiliation: University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi (EPAC), Department of Animals Health and Production, Research Laboratory of Applied Biology (LARBA), 01 BP 2009 Cotonou, Benin.
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Koutinhouin
authors.affiliation: University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi (EPAC), Department of Animals Health and Production, Research Laboratory of Applied Biology (LARBA), 01 BP 2009 Cotonou, Benin.
authors.forename: J S E
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Goussanou
authors.affiliation: University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Plant Biology, Laboratory of Botany and Plant Ecology, 01 BP 4521 Cotonou, Benin.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akoegninou
authors.affiliation: University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi (EPAC), Department of Animals Health and Production, Research Laboratory of Applied Biology (LARBA), 01 BP 2009 Cotonou, Benin.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Youssao
keywords: Benin; ethnoveterinary survey; medicinal plants; viral diseases