title: Characterization of the N2O-producing soil bacterium Rhizobium azooxidifex sp. nov.
abstract: In the context of studying the bacterial community involved in nitrogen transformation processes in arable soils exposed to different extents of erosion and sedimentation in a long-term experiment (CarboZALF), a strain was isolated that reduced nitrate to nitrous oxide without formation of molecular nitrogen. The presence of the functional gene nirK, encoding the respiratory copper-containing nitrite reductase, and the absence of the nitrous oxide reductase gene nosZ indicated a truncated denitrification pathway and that this bacterium may contribute significantly to the formation of the important greenhouse gas N2O. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence and the housekeeping genes recA and atpD demonstrated that the investigated soil isolate belongs to the genus Rhizobium. The closest phylogenetic neighbours were the type strains of Rhizobium. subbaraonis and Rhizobium. halophytocola. The close relationship with R. subbaraonis was reflected by similarity analysis of the recA and atpD genes and their amino acid positions. DNA-DNA hybridization studies revealed genetic differences at the species level, which were substantiated by analysis of the whole-cell fatty acid profile and several distinct physiological characteristics. Based on these results, it was concluded that the soil isolate represents a novel species of the genus Rhizobium, for which the name Rhizobium azooxidifex sp. nov. (type strain Po 20/26T=DSM 100211T=LMG 28788T) is proposed.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Eberswalder Str. 84, D-15374 Müncheberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Undine
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Behrendt
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, IFZ-Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kämpfer
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, IFZ-Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefanie P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Glaeser
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Eberswalder Str. 84, D-15374 Müncheberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Augustin
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Eberswalder Str. 84, D-15374 Müncheberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ulrich
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D058440:Denitrification; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D058458:Nitrogen Cycle; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012231:Rhizobium / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D009569:Nitric Oxide