title: Mouth Level Exposure and Similarity to Machine-smoked Constituent Yields.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this review was to evaluate which standard machine-smoking regimen may be most appropriate to inform tobacco product regulation based on the fraction of cigarette smoke yields that best represents the range of human smoke exposures.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched PubMed and Web of Science to identify peer-reviewed studies that reported percentages of smokers who smoked more or less like a particular machine-smoking regimen based on human mouth level exposure (MLE) tobacco constituent yields.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three studies met our inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Studies found that Canadian Intense (CI) yields were equal to or greater than 86% to 97% of smokers' nicotine and tar MLE yields.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MLE yields indicate that a small percentage of individuals (less than 14%) are exposed to nicotine and tar yields equal to or greater than those measured by the CI regimen. Whereas no machine-smoking regimen reflects human puffing behavior with complete accuracy, based on MLE data, CI constituent yields constitute the best representation of exposure that encompasses the majority of smokers, and may be the most informative for regulatory purposes.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacologist, Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD.
authors.forename: Kia J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.affiliation: Pharmacologist, Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD.
authors.forename: Megan J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.affiliation: Associate Director of Science Coordination and Communication, Office of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD.
authors.forename: Allison C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Hoffman
keywords: Canadian Intense; human smoke exposure; machine smoking regimen; mouth level exposure; tobacco constituent yields