title: Effects of irrigation fluid in shoulder arthroscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Extravasation of irrigation fluid used in shoulder arthroscopy can lead to life-threatening airway and systemic complications. This study was conducted to assess the effect of irrigation fluid absorption on measurable anthropometric parameters and to identify whether these parameters predict airway/respiratory compromise.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty six American Society of Anaesthesiologists physical status one or two patients aged 15-60 years undergoing shoulder arthroscopy under general anaesthesia were recruited. Measured variables preoperatively (baseline) and at the end of surgery were neck, chest, midarm and midthigh circumferences, weight, haemoglobin and serum sodium. Temperature, endotracheal tube cuff pressure, airway pressure, duration of surgery, amount of irrigation fluid and intravenous fluid used were also noted. Measured parameters were correlated with the duration of surgery and the amount of irrigation fluid used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperatively, the changes in variables showed a significant increase in the mean values (cm) for neck, chest, midarm and midthigh circumference (mean ± standard deviation: 2.35 ± 1.9, P < 0.001; 2.9 ± 3.88 cm, P < 0.001; 3.28 ± 2.44, P < 0.001 and 0.39 ± 0.71, P = 0.002, respectively) and weight (kg) (1.17 ± 1.24, P < 0.001). The post-operative haemoglobin (g/dL) levels decreased significantly (0.89 ± 1.23, P < 0.001) as compared to the baseline. No significant change was found in the serum sodium levels (P = 0.92). No patient experienced airway/respiratory compromise.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regional and systemic absorption of irrigation fluid in arthroscopic shoulder surgery is reflected in the degree of change in the measured anthropometric variables. However, this change was not significant enough to cause airway/respiratory compromise.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, St. John's Medical College and Hospital, Johnnagara, Koramangala, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Surbhi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, St. John's Medical College and Hospital, Johnnagara, Koramangala, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manjuladevi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, St. John's Medical College and Hospital, Johnnagara, Koramangala, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Vasudeva Upadhyaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, St. John's Medical College and Hospital, Johnnagara, Koramangala, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kutappa
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, St. John's Medical College and Hospital, Johnnagara, Koramangala, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Rajkumar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Amaravathi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, St. John's Medical College and Hospital, Johnnagara, Koramangala, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arpana
keywords: Adverse effects; airway obstruction; arthroscopy; irrigation fluid; post-operative complications; shoulder joint