title: Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Among Children and Youth in the United States With Perinatal HIV.
abstract: Among 234 US youths with perinatal human immunodeficiency virus, 75% had antiretroviral resistance, substantially higher than that of the reference laboratory overall (36%-44%). Resistance to newer antiretrovirals and to all antiretrovirals in a class was uncommon. The only factor independently associated with future resistance was a higher peak viral load.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
authors.forename: Russell B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Van Dyke
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Kunjal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Focus Diagnostics, a Quest Diagnostics Subsidiary, San Juan Capistrano, California.
authors.forename: Ron M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Kagan
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Brad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Karalius
authors.affiliation: Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Shirley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Traite
authors.affiliation: Quest Diagnostics, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Katherine K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Tassiopoulos
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: George R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Seage
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans.
authors.forename: Lorna M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Seybolt
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Burchett
authors.affiliation: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: Rohan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hazra
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Lurie
authors.forename: Ram
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yogev
authors.forename: Margaret Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Malee
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shearer
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Norma
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Lynnette
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Murli
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Purswani
authors.forename: Mahboobullah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baig
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cintron
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Puga
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Garvie
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blood
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Burchett
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Karthas
authors.forename: Betsy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kammerer
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wiznia
authors.forename: Marlene
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Burey
authors.forename: Molly
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nozyce
authors.forename: Arry
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dieudonne
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bettica
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adubato
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Maria Garcia
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Bulkley
authors.forename: Latreaca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ivey
authors.forename: Mitzie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Knapp
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Allison
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wilkins
authors.forename: Midnela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Acevedo-Flores
authors.forename: Heida
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rios
authors.forename: Vivian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Olivera
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silio
authors.forename: Medea
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sirois
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spector
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Norris
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nichols
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: McFarland
authors.forename: Alisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Katai
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dunn
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Gwendolyn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bryan
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Willen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents
keywords: adolescents; antiviral resistance; children; human immunodeficiency virus; perinatal infection