title: Manufacturing conductive polyaniline/graphite nanocomposites with spent battery powder (SBP) for energy storage: A potential approach for sustainable waste management.
abstract: A potential approach for sustainable waste management of the spent battery material (SBM) is established for manufacturing conductive polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites as electrode materials for supercapacitors, following the principle of "What comes from the power should be used for the power". The ternary nanocomposites (G/MnO2/PANI) containing PANI, graphite powder (G) and remanent MnO2 nanoparticles and the binary nanocomposites of polyaniline and graphite powder (G/PANI) are synthesized by the chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline in hydrochloric aqueous solution with the MnO2 nanoparticles in the spent battery powder (SBP) as oxidant. The G/PANI sample, which was prepared with MnO2/aniline mole ratio of 1:1 with 1.0mL aniline in 50mL of 1.0molL(-1) HCl, exhibits the electrical conductivity of 22.22Scm(-1), the highest specific capacitance up to 317Fg(-1) and the highest energy density of 31.0 Wh kg(-1), with retention of as high as 84.6% of its initial capacitance after 1000 cycles, indicating good cyclic stability.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
authors.forename: Xiaojuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
authors.forename: Jinxing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
authors.forename: Jinshan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; Joint Research Center of Urban Resource Recycling Technology of Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University and Shenzhen Green Eco-Manufacturer High-Tech, Shenzhen 518055, China. Electronic address: pliu@lzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
keywords: Energy storage; Polyaniline; Spent battery powder; Supercapacitor; Sustainable waste management