title: Anatomy of the ankle ligaments: a pictorial essay.
abstract: Understanding the anatomy of the ankle ligaments is important for correct diagnosis and treatment. Ankle ligament injury is the most frequent cause of acute ankle pain. Chronic ankle pain often finds its cause in laxity of one of the ankle ligaments. In this pictorial essay, the ligaments around the ankle are grouped, depending on their anatomic orientation, and each of the ankle ligaments is discussed in detail.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Arthroscopic and Surgical Anatomy, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (Human Anatomy Unit), University of Barcelona, c/Feixa Llarga s/n (Campus Bellvitge), 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. pgolano@ub.edu.
authors.forename: Pau
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Golanó
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Hospital Asepeyo San Cugat, Avenida Alcalde Barnils 54-56, 08174, San Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vega
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 22700, 1100 DE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Peter A J
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: de Leeuw
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Hospital de Mataró, Carretera de Cirera s/n, 08304, Mataró, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Francesc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Malagelada
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (Human Anatomy Unit), University of Barcelona, c/Feixa Llarga s/n (Campus Bellvitge), 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: M Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Manzanares
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (Human Anatomy Unit), University of Barcelona, c/Feixa Llarga s/n (Campus Bellvitge), 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Víctor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Götzens
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 22700, 1100 DE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: C Niek
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: van Dijk
mesh_terms: D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D017885:Collateral Ligaments / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006801:Humans; D008023:Ligaments, Articular / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008488:Medical Illustration
keywords: Ankle anatomy; Ankle impingement; Ankle sprain; Lateral collateral ligament; Medial collateral ligament