title: [The efficiency of macrophage extracellular trap formation induced by different inducers in vitro].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the different methods of inducing the formation of macrophage extracellular trap (MET) in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  MET release was initiated by culturing RAW264.7 cells with 0.5, 1, 5, 10 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or 10, 25, 50, 80 μmol/L phorbolmyristate acetate (PMA), or 50, 100, 150 μg/mL silicon dioxide (SiO2). Three and 6 hours later, MET were validated by immunofluorescence staining, followed by immunofluorescence-based semi-quantitative analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunofluorescence staining showed that the network structures were mainly composed of DNA and histones. RAW264.7 cells treated with 1 μg/mL LPS for 6 hours produced the highest percent of MET [(37.04±10.02)%], which was statistically higher compared with control group [(7.90±2.71)%]. RAW264.7 cells treated with 80 μmol/L PMA for 6 hours also produced the higher percent of MET [(22.40±1.83)%] compared with control group [(10.11±1.13)%]. However, there was no significantly increased MET formation in cells treated with SiO2 compared with control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LPS and PMA can induce MET formation in vitro, while SiO2 was not efficient inducer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Pingjin Hospital, Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300162, China.
authors.forename: Chengcheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Pingjin Hospital, Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300162, China.
authors.forename: Guoan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Center, Tianjin 300162, China.
authors.forename: Yongqiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Pingjin Hospital, Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300162, China.
authors.forename: Yidan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Center, Tianjin 300162, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Pingjin Hospital, Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300162, China.
authors.forename: Shouchun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Pingjin Hospital, Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300162, China. Corresponding authors, E-mail: ji_wenjie@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Luqing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Pingjin Hospital, Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300162, China. *Corresponding authors, wei_luqing@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Wenjie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ji
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D065206:Extracellular Traps / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D010703:Phorbol Esters / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010703:Phorbol Esters; C119222:phorbol-12-myristate; D012822:Silicon Dioxide