title: Deer Bone Oil Extract Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses in RAW264.7 Cells.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of deer bone oil extract (DBOE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 cells. DBOE was fractionated by liquid-liquid extraction to obtain two fractions: methanol fraction (DBO-M) and hexane fraction (DBO-H). TLC showed that DBO-M had relatively more hydrophilic lipid complexes, including unsaturated fatty acids, than DBOE and DBO-H. The relative compositions of tetradecenoyl carnitine, α-linoleic acid, and palmitoleic acid increased in the DBO-M fraction by 61, 38, and 32%, respectively, compared with DBOE. The concentration of sugar moieties was 3-fold higher in the DBO-M fraction than DBOE and DBO-H. DBO-M significantly decreased LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. This DBO-M-mediated decrease in NO production was due to downregulation of mRNA and protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In addition, mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as cyclooxygenase (COX-2), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-12β, was suppressed by DBO-M. Our data showed that DBO-M, which has relatively higher sugar content than DBOE and DBO-H, could play an important role in suppressing inflammatory responses by controlling pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul Women's University.
authors.forename: Hyeon-Son
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Suji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: Yooheon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ki-Bae
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Hyung Joo
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Suh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000737:chemistry*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics; D003670:Deer; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000235:genetics; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D045424:Complex Mixtures; D005227:Fatty Acids; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009821:Oils; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018664:Interleukin-12; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2