title: Definitive host influences the proteomic profile of excretory/secretory products of the trematode Echinostoma caproni.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Echinostoma caproni is an intestinal trematode extensively used as experimental model for the study of factors that determine the course of intestinal helminth infections, since this markedly depends on the host species. Although the host-dependent mechanisms for either chronic establishment or early parasite rejection have been broadly studied, little is known regarding the parasite response against different host environments.
  
  
  METHODS
  To identify host-dependent differentially expressed proteins, a comparative proteomic analysis of the excretory/secretory products released from E. caproni adults, isolated from hosts displaying different compatibility with this trematode, was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 19 differential protein spots were identified (14 overexpressed in mice and 5 overexpressed in rats). The establishment of chronic infections in mice is mainly associated with the overexpression by adult worms of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes (e.g. glutathione S-transferase, hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase, thiopurine S-transferase, etc.) and metabolic enzymes like enolase, leucine aminopeptidase or malate dehydrogenase. However, the overexpression of cathepsin L and the structural protein actin observed in worms isolated from rats seems not to be effective for the colonization of the intestinal mucosa of this host.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The observed differences suggest that protein expression and/or release is modulated by the local environment generated inside the host and provide useful insights in regards to the resistance mechanisms developed by parasites to ensure their long-term survival.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain. alba.cortes@uv.es.
authors.forename: Alba
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cortés
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.|Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sotillo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Antolí
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trelis
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: J Guillermo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Esteban
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Toledo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004449:Echinostoma / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development*; D015801:Helminth Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D051379:Mice; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis*; D040901:Proteomics; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D015801:Helminth Proteins; D020543:Proteome
keywords: 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis; Echinostoma caproni; Excretory/secretory products; Helminth; Proteome plasticity