title: Detection of Helicobacter pylori glmM gene in bovine milk using Nested polymerase chain reaction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to detect the glmM gene of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in cow's milk from different dairy farms in Khartoum State using Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 50 milk samples were collected from different dairy farms in Khartoum State (13 from Khartoum, 24 Khartoum North, and 13 from Omdurman Provinces).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The generated results showed that 11/50 (22%) were harboring the investigated H. pylori glmM gene in Khartoum State (1/13 [7.7%] Khartoum, 9/24 [37.5%] Khartoum North, and 1/13 [7.7%] Omdurman provinces, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To the best of our knowledge, this was the first report on the detection of H. pylori glmM gene in cattle milk in Khartoum State. Nonetheless, the high percentages of H. pylori DNA detection in milk opened new avenues toward exploring the risk of human infection with H. pylori through the consumption of raw milk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Diagnosis, Veterinary Research Institute, P. O. Box 8067, ALAmart (St. 1), Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Eyman Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Bisha University, P.O. Box: 1140, KSA.
authors.forename: A M S
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: El-Eragi
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Maliha Municipality, P. O. Box: 13888, Sharjah, UAE.
authors.forename: Abuobeida M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Musa
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Veterinary Research Institute, P. O. Box 8067, ALAmart (St. 1), Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Salma B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: El-Magboul
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Diagnosis, Veterinary Research Institute. P. O. Box 8067, ALAmart (St. 1), Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Magdi B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: A/Rahman
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Director of the National Centre for Gastrointestinal and liver disease, Ibnsina Hospital, Alamarat (St. 17) postal code 122117 P. O. Box: 15004, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Abdelmounem E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Abdo
keywords: Helicobacter pylori; Khartoum; Nested polymerase chain reaction; bovine; glmM gene; milk