title: Genetic Diversity and Hybridisation between Native and Introduced Salmonidae Fishes in a Swedish Alpine Lake.
abstract: Understanding the processes underlying diversification can aid in formulating appropriate conservation management plans that help maintain the evolutionary potential of taxa, particularly under human-induced activities and climate change. Here we assessed the microsatellite genetic diversity and structure of three salmonid species, two native (Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus and brown trout, Salmo trutta) and one introduced (brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis), from an alpine lake in sub-arctic Sweden, Lake Ånn. The genetic diversity of the three species was similar and sufficiently high from a conservation genetics perspective: corrected total heterozygosity, H'T = 0.54, 0.66, 0.60 and allelic richness, AR = 4.93, 5.53 and 5.26 for Arctic charr, brown trout and brook charr, respectively. There were indications of elevated inbreeding coefficients in brown trout (GIS = 0.144) and brook charr (GIS = 0.129) although sibling relationships were likely a confounding factor, as a high proportion of siblings were observed in all species within and among sampling locations. Overall genetic structure differed between species, Fst = 0.01, 0.02 and 0.04 in Arctic charr, brown trout and brook charr respectively, and there was differentiation at only a few specific locations. There was clear evidence of hybridisation between the native Arctic charr and the introduced brook charr, with 6% of individuals being hybrids, all of which were sampled in tributary streams. The ecological and evolutionary consequences of the observed hybridisation are priorities for further research and the conservation of the evolutionary potential of native salmonid species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Genetics - Animal Ecology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden.|Sugadaira Montane Research Centre, University of Tsukuba, Sugadaira-kogen 1278-294, Ueda, Nagano, 386-2204, Japan.
authors.forename: Leanne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Faulks
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Genetics - Animal Ecology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden.|Department of Aquatic Resources, Institute of Coastal Research, Skolvägen 6, 742 42 Öregrund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Örjan
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Östman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057231:Climate Change; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D058865:Introduced Species; D060106:Lakes; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D012487:Salmonidae / Q000235:genetics*; D013548:Sweden