title: Influenza A Virus and Influenza B Virus Can Induce Apoptosis via Intrinsic or Extrinsic Pathways and Also via NF-κB in a Time and Dose Dependent Manner.
abstract: Influenza viruses are able to cause annual epidemics and pandemics due to their mutation rates and reassortment capabilities leading to antigenic shifts and drifts. To identify host response to influenza A and B viruses on A549 and MDCK II cells at low and high MOIs, expressions of MxA and caspases 3, 8, and 9 and BAD, TNFα, and IκBα genes were measured in the cells supernatants. H1N1 and H3N2 prefer to initially enhance the intrinsic pathway, determined by higher caspase 9 activity in MDCK II cells compared to caspase 8 activity and vice versa in A549 cells at different MOIs, while INF B prefers extrinsic pathway in A549 cells according to significant low or undetectable caspase 9 activity and high activity of caspase 8 but also can induce intrinsic pathway in MDCK II cells as determined by significant low or undetectable activity of caspase 8 and high caspase 9 activity at different MOIs; the considerable MxA expression was found in influenza A and B viruses infected A549 and MDCK II cells at low MOIs. In conclusion, influenza A and B viruses induced extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis in parallel, and the induction was associated with viral infection in a dose dependent manner.
authors.affiliation: Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: El-Sayed
authors.affiliation: Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt.
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6072-5167
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bassiouny
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 35527, Egypt.
authors.forename: Aziz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nokaly
authors.affiliation: Central Public Health Laboratories (CPHL), Cairo 11613, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Abdelghani
authors.affiliation: Central Public Health Laboratories (CPHL), Cairo 11613, Egypt.
authors.forename: Wael
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8412-3128
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Roshdy