title: [Adverse effects of low dose exposures to cadmium below renal damage level should be emphasized for human health effect studies].
abstract: Currently, the pollution of heavy metal, including lead, cadmium (Cd) and mercury, was one of the major environmental problems in China. Cd could cause adverse effects on kidney, bone, lung and reproductive system. Most of the past researches focused on renal damage effect, and some evidences suggestedadverse effects on bone, tumor, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and mineral elements, etc, which was occurred at low dose exposures to Cd below renal damage level. An important content of human health effect Studies on exposures to Cd is to follow up the development and consequences of adverse effects after long-term exposure to environmental Cd and then reduction or cessation of its exposure among this population. In this paper, the progress and development trend of long-term environmental exposure to Cd and its health damage effect were reviewed.
authors.affiliation: National Reference Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Surveillance, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.
authors.forename: X F
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Y N
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D015519:Bone Density; D001842:Bone and Bones; D002104:Cadmium / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002105:Cadmium Poisoning / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D004787:Environmental Pollution; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D002104:Cadmium