title: The complete mitochondrial genomes of four cockroaches (Insecta: Blattodea) and phylogenetic analyses within cockroaches.
abstract: Three complete mitochondrial genomes of Blaberidae (Insecta: Blattodea) (Gromphadorhina portentosa, Panchlora nivea, Blaptica dubia) and one complete mt genome of Blattidae (Insecta: Blattodea) (Shelfordella lateralis) were sequenced to further understand the characteristics of cockroach mitogenomes and reconstruct the phylogenetic relationship of Blattodea. The gene order and orientation of these four cockroach genomes were similar to known cockroach mt genomes, and contained 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes and one control region. The mt genomes of Blattodea exhibited a characteristics of a high A+T composition (70.7%-74.3%) and dominant usage of the TAA stop codon. The AT content of the whole mt genome, PCGs and total tRNAs in G. portentosa was the lowest in known cockroaches. The presence of a 71-bp intergenic spacer region between trnQ and trnM was a unique feature in B. dubia, but absent in other cockroaches, which can be explained by the duplication/random loss model. Based on the nucleotide and amino acid datasets of the 13 PCGs genes, neighbor-joining (NJ), maximum parsimony (MP), maximum likelihood (ML) and bayesian inference (BI) analyses were used to rebuild the phylogenetic relationship of cockroaches. All phylogenetic analyses consistently placed Isoptera as the sister cluster to Cryptocercidae of Blattodea. Ectobiidae and Blaberidae (Blaberoidea) formed a sister clade to Blattidae. Corydiidae is a sister clade of all the remaining cockroach species with a high value in NJ and MP analyses of nucleotide and amino acid datasets, and ML and BI analyses of the amino acid dataset.
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Xue-Fang
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Le-Ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Lab of Wildlife Biotechnology and Conservation and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Dan-Na
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Kenneth B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Storey
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Lab of Wildlife Biotechnology and Conservation and Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China. Electronic address: zhang3599533@163.com.
authors.forename: Jia-Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003058:Cockroaches / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D054629:Genome, Mitochondrial; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D012343:RNA, Transfer
keywords: Blaberidae; Blattidae; Mitochondrial genome; Phylogeny