title: Antibiotic resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus in various countries: A review.
abstract: Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus are the leading causes of seafood associated infections and mortality in the United States. The main syndromes caused by these pathogens are gastroenteritis, wound infections, and septicemia. This article reviewed the antibiotic resistance profile of V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus in the United States and other countries including Italy, Brazil, Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, China, India, Iran, South Africa and Australia. The awareness of antimicrobial resistance of these two pathogens is not as well documented as other foodborne bacterial pathogens. Vibrio spp. are usually susceptible to most antimicrobials of veterinary and human significance. However, many studies reported that V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus showed multiple-antibiotic resistance due to misuse of antibiotics to control infections in aquaculture production. In addition, both environmental and clinical isolates showed similar antibiotic resistance profiles. Most frequently observed antibiotic resistance profiles involved ampicillin, penicillin and tetracycline regardless of the countries. The presence of multiple-antibiotic resistant bacteria in seafood and aquatic environments is a major concern in fish and shellfish farming and human health.
authors.affiliation: Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elmahdi
authors.affiliation: Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA.
authors.forename: Ligia V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: DaSilva
authors.affiliation: Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA. Electronic address: sparveen@umes.edu.
authors.forename: Salina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parveen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D017747:Seafood / Q000382:microbiology; D014735:Vibrio Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D014736:Vibrio parahaemolyticus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D041261:Vibrio vulnificus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Antibiotic resistance; Aquaculture environment; Vibrio parahaemolyticus; Vibrio vulnificus