title: Biofilm formation, antimicrobial susceptibility, serogroups and virulence genes of uropathogenic E. coli isolated from clinical samples in Iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Uropathogenic Escherichia coli O- Serogroups with their virulence factors are the most prevalent causes of UTIs. The present research performed to track common uropathogenic E.coli serogroups, antibiotic resistance pattern of strains and prevalence of virulence genes in isolations having the ability to constitute biofilm.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this research 130 E.coli isolation from patients having UTI symptoms were collected and antimicrobial resistance pattern was performed by Kirby-Bauer method. Polymerase chain reaction was done using primer pairs to identify common serogroups of uropathogenic E.coli and studying virulence genes in isolations creating biofilm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 130 E.coli isolates, 80 (61.53 %) were able to make biofilm that 15 isolates (18.75 %) indicated strong reaction, 20 (25 %) of medium and 45 (56.25 %) of weak biofilm reaction. Among isolations creating biofilm, the highest resistance reported to Ampicillin (87.5 %) and the lowest to Nitrofurantoin (3.75 %). The frequency of fimH, pap, sfa and afa genes in isolations having the ability to create strong biofilm reported 93.33 %, 86.66 %, 86.66 % and 66.66 %, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings indicated the importance of virulence genes in serogroups producing uropathogenic E.coli biofilm. It is recommended that strains producing biofilm before antibiotic use should be studied.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors.forename: Elahe
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tajbakhsh
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors.forename: Parvin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ahmadi
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors.forename: Elham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Abedpour-Dehkordi
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran.
authors.forename: Nazila
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arbab-Soleimani
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
authors.forename: Faham
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Khamesipour
keywords: Antibiotic resistance pattern; Biofilm; Urinary Tract Infection; Uropathogenic E. coli; Virulence genes