title: Hearing Loss in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has many characteristics of autoimmune diseases. Sensorineural hearing loss has been reported in many autoimmune diseases. Little is known about hearing loss in patients with IBD.
  
  
  
  A prospective blinded comparative study was conducted over a 3-year period. IBD patients and controls underwent a complete otorhinolaryngeal examination and eudiometry test.
  
  
  
  Altogether 105 participants (76 patients and 29 controls) took part in this study. Mean age was 36, 51 % were males, and 40 % of the patients were presently hospitalized due to IBD exacerbation. Audiometric examination revealed that any hearing loss (mild to severe) was found in 29 (38 %) of the IBD population, compared to 4 (14 %) of the control group (p = 0.02). Extraintestinal manifestation (EIM) was present in 33/76 (43 %) of IBD patients. Any hearing loss and moderate to severe hearing loss were found in 17/33 (52 %) and 7/33 (21 %) in the EIM-positive group compared to 12/43 (28 %) and 4/43 (9 %) in the EIM-negative group (p = 0.036 and p = 0.14, respectively). Out of patients over the age of 40 with other EIMs, all 11/11 (100 %) of patients had any hearing loss compared to 8/12 (66 %) of patients over the age of 40 without other EIMs, p = 0.035.
  
  
  
  Hearing loss may be another EIM of IBD. It is found in 38 % of IBD patients and in up to 52 % of patients with other EIMs and increases over the age of 40. Early hearing evaluation should be recommended to these high-risk IBD patients.
authors.affiliation: Digestive Diseases Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School, 12 Bayit St., 91031, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Dov
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wengrower
authors.affiliation: Digestive Diseases Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School, 12 Bayit St., 91031, Jerusalem, Israel. binyaminkos@szmc.org.il.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6935-6051
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Koslowsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Uri
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Peleg
authors.affiliation: Digestive Diseases Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School, 12 Bayit St., 91031, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Betty
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mazuz
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Leore
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterolgy, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Allin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ben-David
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Menahem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.affiliation: Digestive Diseases Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Hebrew University Medical School, 12 Bayit St., 91031, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Eran
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Goldin
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Chanan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shaul
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Audiometric examination; Extraintestinal manifestations; Hearing loss; Inflammatory bowel disease