title: Physicochemical properties of skim milk powders prepared with the addition of mineral chelators.
abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of mineral chelator addition during skim milk powder (SMP) manufacture on the solubility, turbidity, soluble protein, and heat stability (HS). Three chelators (sodium citrate dihydrate, sodium polyphosphate, and disodium EDTA) at 3 different concentrations (5, 15, and 25mM) were added to skim milk concentrate (30% total solids), and the pH was adjusted to 6.65 before spray drying to produce SMP. Spray-dried SMP samples were tested for solubility index (SI). Additionally, samples were reconstituted to contain 9% total solids, adjusted to pH 7.0, and tested for turbidity, protein content from supernatants of ultracentrifuged samples, and HS. Lower SI values were observed for samples treated with 5mM disodium EDTA and sodium polyphosphate than control samples or samples with 5mM sodium citrate dihydrate. Furthermore, lower SI values were observed with an increased level of chelating agents regardless of chelator type. A decreased turbidity value was found with increasing levels of mineral chelating salt treatment. Low turbidity with increasing levels of added chelators may be associated with the dissociation of caseins from micelles. Furthermore, higher protein content was observed in supernatants of ultracentrifuged samples treated with increased level of chelators as compared with the control sample. Higher HS was observed in samples treated with 5mM compared with samples treated with 25mM mineral chelator. The results suggest improved solubility and HS upon addition of mineral chelators to SMP during its manufacture.
authors.affiliation: Dairy Products Technology Center, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo 93407.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sikand
authors.affiliation: Dairy Products Technology Center, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo 93407. Electronic address: ptong@calpoly.edu.
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: Dairy Products Technology Center, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo 93407.
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vink
authors.affiliation: Statistics Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo 93407.
authors.forename: Soma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002364:Caseins; D002614:Chelating Agents; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008823:Micelles; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D008894:Milk Proteins; D008903:Minerals; D011208:Powders / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002364:Caseins; D002614:Chelating Agents; D008823:Micelles; D008894:Milk Proteins; D008903:Minerals; D011208:Powders
keywords: chelators; heat stability; skim milk powder; solubility; turbidity