title: Advancing a vaccine to prevent hookworm disease and anemia.
abstract: A human hookworm vaccine is under development and in clinical trials in Africa and the Americas. The vaccine contains the Na-APR-1 and Na-GST-1 antigens. It elicits neutralizing antibodies that interfere with establishment of the adult hookworm in the gut and the ability of the parasite to feed on blood. The vaccine target product profile is focused on the immunization of children to prevent hookworm infection and anemia caused by Necator americanus. It is intended for use in low- and middle-income countries where hookworm is highly endemic and responsible for at least three million disability-adjusted life years. So far, the human hookworm vaccine is being developed in the non-profit sector through the Sabin Vaccine Institute Product Development Partnership (PDP), in collaboration with the HOOKVAC consortium of European and African partners. We envision the vaccine to be incorporated into health systems as part of an elimination strategy for hookworm infection and other neglected tropical diseases, and as a means to reduce global poverty and address the Sustainable Development Goals.
authors.affiliation: National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; Sabin Vaccine Institute, Washington, DC, USA. Electronic address: hotez@bcm.edu.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Hotez
authors.affiliation: National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Coreen M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Beaumier
authors.affiliation: National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Portia M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Gillespie
authors.affiliation: National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Strych
authors.affiliation: Sabin Vaccine Institute, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Tara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayward
authors.affiliation: National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA; Sabin Vaccine Institute, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Maria Elena
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bottazzi
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000639:trends; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004285:Dogs; D006725:Hookworm Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D017221:Necator americanus; D014612:Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014612:Vaccines
keywords: Hookworm; Necator; Neglected tropical disease; Vaccine