title: Skeletal muscle phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine are related to insulin sensitivity and respond to acute exercise in humans.
abstract: Several recent reports indicate that the balance of skeletal muscle phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) is a key determinant of muscle contractile function and metabolism. The purpose of this study was to determine relationships between skeletal muscle PC, PE and insulin sensitivity, and whether PC and PE are dynamically regulated in response to acute exercise in humans. Insulin sensitivity was measured via intravenous glucose tolerance in sedentary obese adults (OB; n = 14), individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D; n = 15), and endurance-trained athletes (ATH; n = 15). Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were obtained at rest, immediately after 90 min of cycle ergometry at 50% maximal oxygen consumption (V̇o2 max), and 2-h postexercise (recovery). Skeletal muscle PC and PE were measured via infusion-based mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry analysis. ATH had greater levels of muscle PC and PE compared with OB and T2D (P < 0.05), with total PC and PE positively relating to insulin sensitivity (both P < 0.05). Skeletal muscle PC:PE ratio was elevated in T2D compared with OB and ATH (P < 0.05), tended to be elevated in OB vs. ATH (P = 0.07), and was inversely related to insulin sensitivity among the entire cohort (r = -0.43, P = 0.01). Muscle PC and PE were altered by exercise, particularly after 2 h of recovery, in a highly group-specific manner. However, muscle PC:PE ratio remained unchanged in all groups. In summary, total muscle PC and PE are positively related to insulin sensitivity while PC:PE ratio is inversely related to insulin sensitivity in humans. A single session of exercise significantly alters skeletal muscle PC and PE levels, but not PC:PE ratio.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado;
authors.forename: Sean A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Newsom
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana; and.
authors.forename: Joseph T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Brozinick
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado;
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kiseljak-Vassiliades
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado;
authors.forename: Allison N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Strauss
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado;
authors.forename: Samantha D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Bacon
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado;
authors.forename: Anna A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Kerege
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana; and.
authors.forename: Hai Hoang
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Bui
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana; and.
authors.forename: Phil
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana; and.
authors.forename: Parker
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Siddall
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana; and.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana; and.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana; and.
authors.forename: Ming Shang
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
authors.forename: Travis
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nemkov
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'Alessandro
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
authors.forename: Kirk C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado;
authors.forename: Leigh
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Perreault
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; bryan.bergman@ucdenver.edu.
authors.forename: Bryan C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Bergman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D056352:Athletes; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000378:metabolism*; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines; C483858:phosphatidylethanolamine
keywords: acute exercise; insulin sensitivity; phospholipids; skeletal muscle