title: Age-specific changes in electrocardiographic parameters in bipolar limb leads of conscious female native cats of Odisha.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study and compare the age-specific changes in electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters in bipolar limb leads of conscious female native cats of Odisha.
  
  
  METHODS
  20 healthy female native cats aged between 4 and 36 months of age were selected for the study. These queens were divided into two groups of 10 animals each. Group 1 constituted the queens aged 4-10 months (before puberty) with a mean weight of 2.28 kg (±0.4 standard error [SE]), and those aged 11-36 months (after puberty) with a mean weight of 3.72 kg (±0.6 SE) were in Group 2. The ECG was recorded with a 12-lead standard ECG recorder, Cardiart 108 T-MK VII-BPL (India) in the Leads I, II, and III.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean heart rates were 160.73 (±7.83) beats/min and 139.09 (±2.72) beats/min in the cats aged 4-10 months and 11-36 months, respectively. Significant differences existed among Q- and R-wave amplitudes and duration of QT-interval in Lead I. In Lead II, duration of QT and RR intervals, duration of ST-segment and amplitudes of P- and R-waves varied significantly. Significant differences were also observed in the P- and R-wave amplitudes in Lead III. The mean electrical axis was 63.11 (±1.98°) and 50.03 (±4.86°) in the cats aged 4-10 months and 11-36 months, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since the ECG studies on conscious cats are scanty, and the number of native cats being presented in veterinary hospitals and clinics has increased drastically, there is a need to establish the reference values for ECG parameters in conscious native cats so that the cardiovascular abnormalities can be predicted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar - 751 003, Odisha, India.
authors.forename: Subhashree
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarangi
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar - 751 003, Odisha, India.
authors.forename: A P K
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Mahapatra
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar - 751 003, Odisha, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohapatra
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar - 751 003, Odisha, India.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Kundu
keywords: age-specific; conscious cat; electrocardiogram; mean electrical axis; native