title: Different Dimensions: Internalized Homonegativity Among African American Men Who Have Sex With Men in the Deep South.
abstract: This study examined the psychometric properties of the Internalized Homonegativity Inventory (IHNI) among African American men who have sex with men (AAMSM) in the southeastern United States. Data from 261 AAMSM were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis. Results showed evidence of a two-factor solution: personal and moral homonegativity and gay affirmation. Internal consistencies were greater than .80, and correlations with other variables (e.g., sociodemographics, religiosity, masculinity) provided evidence of validity. Findings suggesting a two-factor instead of a three-factor solution may indicate that the IHNI manifests differently for AAMSM in the Deep South than for predominantly White MSM. Further research should examine how incorporating new conceptions of internalized homonegativity into culturally specific health-promotion interventions for AAMSM might enhance effectiveness.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Community Health Behavior and Education , Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University , Statesboro , Georgia , USA.
authors.forename: Stacy W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Smallwood
authors.affiliation: b Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health , University of South Carolina , Columbia , South Carolina , USA.
authors.forename: S Melinda
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.affiliation: b Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health , University of South Carolina , Columbia , South Carolina , USA.
authors.forename: Lucy Annang
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Ingram
authors.affiliation: b Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health , University of South Carolina , Columbia , South Carolina , USA.
authors.forename: Jim F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Thrasher
authors.affiliation: c Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health , University of Nevada , Las Vegas , Nevada , USA.
authors.forename: Melva V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Thompson-Robinson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D003674:Defense Mechanisms; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D057228:Masculinity; D011287:Prejudice / Q000523:psychology; D011594:Psychometrics; D012067:Religion; D012647:Self-Assessment; D015144:Southeastern United States; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: African American MSM; Deep South; internalized homonegativity; measurement