title: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease severity is associated with the ratios of total cholesterol and triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Limited data support the notion that lipid ratios are risk factors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We evaluated the association between lipid ratios and NAFLD.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a large population, cross-sectional, retrospective study. Data on NAFLD severity, blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were obtained from 44,767 examinees at single health checkup center. The enrollees were stratified into four subgroups based on their TC/HDL-C and TG/HDL-C ratios. We used multivariate analyses to evaluate the odds between lipid ratios and NAFLD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence rate of fatty liver in this study was 53.76%. In the baseline subgroup with the lowest TC/HDL-C and TG/HDL-C ratios, the prevalence of NAFLD, hypertension, and diabetes was lower than that of the other three subgroups. Patients with higher lipid ratios had a significantly greater risk for advanced NAFLD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adults with high TC/HDL-C or TG/HDL-C ratios, or both, have a greater risk for NAFLD, especially advanced NAFLD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, and Health Management Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuan-Ta
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Po-Lin
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Leisure, Recreation and Tourism Management, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shih-Bin
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, and Health Management Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Yu
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Lum
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ching-I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, and Health Management Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jeng-Fu
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, and Health Management Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, and Health Management Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Meng-Hsuan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Yen
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chung-Feng
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wen-Yi
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, and Center for Lipid and Glycomedicine Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Lung
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, and Health Management Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Faculty of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, and Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, and Center for Lipid and Glycomedicine Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Electronic address: daichiayen@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Chia-Yen
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Sport Management, College of Leisure and Recreation Management, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan. Electronic address: hsienyiwang@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hsien-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides
keywords: Diabetes; Hepatic steatosis; Hypertension; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); Ultrasound