title: Diversified mcr-1-Harbouring Plasmid Reservoirs Confer Resistance to Colistin in Human Gut Microbiota.
abstract: Colistin is an ultimate line of refuge against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. Very recently, the emergence of plasmid-mediatedmcr-1colistin resistance has become a great challenge to global public health, raising the possibility that dissemination of themcr-1gene is underestimated and diversified. Here, we report three cases of plasmid-carried MCR-1 colistin resistance in isolates from gut microbiota of diarrhea patients. Structural and functional analyses determined that the colistin resistance is conferred purely by the singlemcr-1gene. Genetic and sequence mapping revealed thatmcr-1-harbouring plasmid reservoirs are present in diversity. Together, the data represent the first evidence of diversity inmcr-1-harbouring plasmid reservoirs of human gut microbiota.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The plasmid-mediated mobile colistin resistance gene (mcr-1) challenged greatly the conventional idea mentioned above that colistin is an ultimate line of refuge against lethal infections by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. It is a possibility that diversified dissemination of themcr-1gene might be greatly underestimated. We report three cases of plasmid-carried MCR-1 colistin resistance in isolates from gut microbiota of diarrhea patients and functionally define the colistin resistance conferred purely by the singlemcr-1gene. Genetic and sequence mapping revealed unexpected diversity among themcr-1-harbouring plasmid reservoirs of human gut microbiota.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning City, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Huiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China Shenzhen Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen City, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Yihui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Zhencui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Rongsui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning City, Guangxi, China.
authors.forename: Ronghui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: George F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Shenzhen Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen City, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Qinghua
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China fengyj@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Youjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D002681:China; D003091:Colistin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000382:microbiology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004982:Ethanolaminephosphotransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000187:drug effects*; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D010957:Plasmids; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004982:Ethanolaminephosphotransferase; D003091:Colistin