title: Identification of a novel bufavirus in domestic pigs by a viral metagenomic approach.
abstract: Bufavirus is a single-stranded DNA virus belonging to the genus Protoparvovirus. This study reports the identification and characterization of a porcine bufavirus by a metagenomic approach, and a limited epidemiology investigation of bufavirus in six swine farms. A comparative genome analysis showed a similarity of 93 % to a Hungarian porcine bufavirus. Bayesian and maximum-likelihood analyses of genome sequences showed a close relationship of porcine bufaviruses to human and monkey bufaviruses. Molecular dating of the most recent common ancestors supported a recent introduction of bufaviruses into human and pig populations, respectively. A real-time PCR method was developed to screen 60 faecal samples for the porcine bufavirus DNA, and eight positive samples were found in two neighbouring farms, suggesting a relatively low prevalence (13.3 %). No direct transmission of porcine bufaviruses between two neighbouring farms was found, suggesting that bufaviruses may have spread widely in different geographical regions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology (MIK), National Veterinary Institute (SVA), 751 89 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lihong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: University Clinic for Swine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology (MIK), National Veterinary Institute (SVA), 751 89 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ullman
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology (MIK), National Veterinary Institute (SVA), 751 89 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Harri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ahola
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yafeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: University Clinic for Swine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hennig-Pauka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded / Q000235:genetics; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D056186:Metagenomics / Q000379:methods; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000821:virology*; D019219:Parvovirinae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded; D004279:DNA, Viral