title: Dose-Dependent Associations between Wine Drinking and Breast Cancer Risk - Meta-Analysis Findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate any potential association between wine and breast cancer risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  We quantitatively assessed associations by conducting a meta-analysis based on evidence from observational studies. In May 2014, we performed electronic searches in PubMed, EmBase and the Cochrane Library to identify studies examining the effect of wine drinking on breast cancer incidence. The relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) were used to measure any such association.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The analysis was further stratified by confounding factors that could influence the results. A total of twenty-six studies (eight case-control and eighteen cohort studies) involving 21,149 cases were included in our meta-analysis. Our study demonstrated that wine drinking was associated with breast cancer risk. A 36% increase in breast cancer risk was observed across overall studies based on the highest versus lowest model, with a combined RR of 1.0059 (95%CI 0.97-1.05) in dose-response analysis. However, 5 g/d ethanol from wine seemed to have protective value from our non-linear model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings indicate that wine drinking is associated with breast cancer risk in a dose-dependent manner. High consumption of wine contributes to breast cancer risk with protection exerted by low doses. Further investigations are needed for clarification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China E-mail : sunxinchen2012@163.com.
authors.forename: Jia-Yan
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hong-Cheng
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.forename: Xu-Hui
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hong-Yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Xin-Chen
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D014920:Wine / Q000009:adverse effects*