title: Relationship of dental diseases with coronary artery diseases and diabetes in Bangladesh.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Evidence suggests that dental diseases might have a role in the development and progression of coronary artery diseases (CAD) and diabetes mellitus (DM). The objective of this study was to determine the relationship of dental diseases with CAD and DM in Bangladesh.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a cross-sectional study among 216 consecutive patients admitted in a tertiary hospital between March and July 2011. Data were collected on socio-demographic status, smoking, blood pressure (BP), diet, physical activities, and biochemical measurements of lipid profile, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, creatinine kinase MB (CK-MB), troponin, serum creatinine and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT). CAD was detected using echocardiographic and coronary angiogram (CAG) reports. All patients underwent oral examination for dental disease. Relationship between dental disease with CAD and DM were explored statistically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the participants was 57.8±12.5 years and almost two-thirds (67.1%) were male. A great majority of the patients had CAD (90.3%) and type 2 DM (83.8%), and only 44% suffered from dental diseases. Less than one-third patients presented with acute myocardial infarction (MI), 23% with old MI, 11% unstable angina (UA) and 26.4% with non-ST elevation MI. Logistic regression results indicated that patients with DM and CAD had approximately 2.6 and 4.6 times more odds of association with dental diseases than those without DM and CAD (both P value <0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests a relationship of dental diseases with CAD and DM among Bangladeshi patients. Further studies are required to confirm these relationships in large clinical studies. Screening for CAD and DM should be considered among those with dental diseases and vice-versa.
authors.affiliation: 1 Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Shahbagh, Dhaka, Bangladesh ; 2 National Centre for Control of Rheumatic Fever and Heart Disease, Dhaka, Bangladesh ; 3 Center for Control of Chronic Diseases (CCCD), International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh ; 4 Center for International Health (CIH), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Arup Ratan
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Choudhury
authors.affiliation: 1 Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Shahbagh, Dhaka, Bangladesh ; 2 National Centre for Control of Rheumatic Fever and Heart Disease, Dhaka, Bangladesh ; 3 Center for Control of Chronic Diseases (CCCD), International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh ; 4 Center for International Health (CIH), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Kamrun Nahar
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Choudhury
authors.affiliation: 1 Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Shahbagh, Dhaka, Bangladesh ; 2 National Centre for Control of Rheumatic Fever and Heart Disease, Dhaka, Bangladesh ; 3 Center for Control of Chronic Diseases (CCCD), International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh ; 4 Center for International Health (CIH), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Islam
keywords: Bangladesh; Dental diseases; coronary artery diseases (CAD); diabetes mellitus (DM)