title: Outcome and Predicting Factor Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major and challenging problem in critical care medicine.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the outcome and predicting factor following severe TBI.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective and cross-sectional study. Data were collected from two sections; one section consisting of a questionnaire answered by the patients and other section from the patient records. The instruments used included the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS), SF-36 and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mortality rate of the patients was 46.2%. The quality of life (QOL) of the patients in most dimension were impaired and (58%) of patients had unfavourable QOL. About (37.5%) of patients with anxiety and (27.5%) had a depression. A significant correlation was found between age, GCS arrival, length of ICU stay, mechanical ventilation, VAP & ARDS and pupil reactivity with QOL, GOS, HAD-A and HAD-D (p<0.05, p< 0.001). GCS arrival a predicate factor for QOL and GOS (p <0.001, OR: 1.75, 1.94 respectively); length of ICU stay a predicate factor for QOL and GOS (p <0.05, OR : 1.11, 1.28 respectively); mechanical ventilation a predicate factor for GOS (p <0.001, OR : 1.78); ventilation associated pneumonia (VAP) & acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and pupil reactivity a predicate factor for GOS (p <0.05, OR : 1.36; p<0.001, OR: 1.94 respectively). The GCS arrival and ICU stay a predicate factor for HAD-A (p<0.05, OR: 1.73, 1.38 respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With respect to results advanced in pre hospital, medical and surgical care for the decrease in mortality rates of Head trauma (HT), the use of trauma triage tools and strict enforcement of traffic rules are necessary.
authors.affiliation: Anaesthesiologist, Department of Anesthesiology, Medicine Faculty, Ilam University of Medical Science , Ilam, IR-Iran .
authors.forename: Javaher
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Khajavikhan
authors.affiliation: Anaesthesiologist, Department of Anesthesiology, Medicine Faculty, Ilam University of Medical Science , Ilam, IR-Iran .
authors.forename: Aminolah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vasigh
authors.affiliation: MSc of Nursing, Department of Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Ilam University of Medical Science , Ilam, IR-Iran .
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khani
authors.affiliation: MSc of Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Ilam University of Medical Science , Ilam, IR-Iran .
authors.forename: Molouk
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jaafarpour
authors.affiliation: MSc of Nursing, Department of Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Ilam University of Medical Science , Ilam, IR-Iran .
authors.forename: Taleb
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kokhazade
keywords: Glasgow Coma Scale; Glasgow Outcome Scale; Head trauma; Quality of Life; SF-36