title: Potentiation of antibiotic activity of aminoglycosides by natural products from Cordia verbenacea DC.
abstract: Medicinal plants are often the only therapeutic resource for many communities and ethnic groups. Cordia verbenacea DC., "Erva-baleeira," is one of the species of plants currently used to produce a phytotherapeutic product extracted from its leaves. The present study aimed to establish its chemical profile, antibacterial activity and resistance-modulating potential. The C. verbenacea extracts were prepared from fresh leaves using solvents as methanol and hexane. Ethyl Acetate was used for the preparation of the fraction. Phytochemical screening was carried out using HPLC-DAD for determination and quantification of the secondary metabolites present in the fractions. Antibacterial and resistance-modulation assays were performed to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using a microdilution assay. The data were subjected to statistical analysis with two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni posttests. Results of phytochemical prospecting and HPLC analysis of the fractions were in agreement with the literature. The natural products presented moderate antibacterial activity when considering the clinical relevance of a MIC of 256 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 512 μg/mL against P. aeruginosa. However, when the fractions were combined with antibiotics we observed a synergic effect, as natural products enhanced the antibacterial effect of aminoglycosides, significantly decreasing the MIC of antibiotics at 12.5%-98.4%. We believe that the data obtained from phytochemical analysis and from antibacterial and resistance modulation assays of C. verbenacea extracts new can open perspectives in the search for new alternatives for the treatment of bacterial infections and stimulate the renewed use of antibiotics with reduced effectiveness due to resistance.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade Leão Sampaio - FALS, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edinardo F F
authors.initials: EFF
authors.lastname: Matias
authors.affiliation: Faculdade Leão Sampaio - FALS, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Erivania F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: Faculdade Leão Sampaio - FALS, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria K N
authors.initials: MKN
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Faculdade Leão Sampaio - FALS, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Victoria R A
authors.initials: VRA
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Faculdade Leão Sampaio - FALS, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cassio R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.affiliation: Faculdade Leão Sampaio - FALS, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francisco A V
authors.initials: FAV
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Faculdade Leão Sampaio - FALS, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vanessa C N
authors.initials: VCN
authors.lastname: Bitu
authors.affiliation: Faculdade Leão Sampaio - FALS, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Celestina E S
authors.initials: CES
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Faculdade Leão Sampaio - FALS, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Figueredo
authors.affiliation: Faculdade Leão Sampaio - FALS, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Boligon
authors.affiliation: Faculdade Leão Sampaio - FALS, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Margareth L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Athayde
authors.affiliation: Faculdade Leão Sampaio - FALS, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: José G M
authors.initials: JGM
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Faculdade Leão Sampaio - FALS, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil. Electronic address: hdmcoutinho@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Henrique D M
authors.initials: HDM
authors.lastname: Coutinho
mesh_terms: D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001688:Biological Products / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D031213:Cordia / Q000737:chemistry*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001688:Biological Products; D064209:Phytochemicals
keywords: Antibacterial activity; Cordia verbenacea; Microbiology; Resistance modulation