title: ROLE OF GLUTAMATE DEHYDROGENASE AND GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE IN CHLORELLA VULGARIS DURING ASSIMILATION OF AMMONIUM WHEN JOINTLY IMMOBILIZED WITH THE MICROALGAE-GROWTH-PROMOTING BACTERIUM AZOSPIRILLUM BRASILENSE(1).
abstract: Enzymatic activities of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and glutamine synthetase (GS) participating in the nitrogen metabolism and related ammonium absorption were assayed after the microalga Chlorella vulgaris Beij. was jointly immobilized with the microalgae-growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense. At initial concentrations of 3, 6, and 10 mg · L(-1)  NH4 (+) , joint immobilization enhances growth of C. vulgaris but does not affect ammonium absorption capacity of the microalga. However, at 8 mg · L(-1)  NH4 (+) , joint immobilization enhanced ammonium absorption by the microalga without affecting the growth of the microalgal population. Correlations between absorption of ammonium per cell and per culture showed direct (negative and positive) linear correlations between these parameters and microalga populations at 3, 6, and 10 mg · L(-1)  NH4 (+) , but not at 8 mg · L(-1)  NH4 (+) , where the highest absorption of ammonium occurred. In all cultures, immobilized and jointly immobilized, having the four initial ammonium concentrations, enzymatic activities of Chlorella are affected by A. brasilense. Regardless of the initial concentration of ammonium, GS activity in C. vulgaris was always higher when jointly immobilized and determined on a per-cell basis. When jointly immobilized, only at an initial concentration of 8 mg · L(-1)  NH4 (+) was GDH activity per cell higher.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico Département des Sols et de Génie Agroalimentaire, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USAEnvironmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), La Paz, B.C.S., MexicoDépartement des Sols et de Génie Agroalimentaire, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico Département des Sols et de Génie Agroalimentaire, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Luz E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: De-Bashan
authors.affiliation: Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico Département des Sols et de Génie Agroalimentaire, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USAEnvironmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), La Paz, B.C.S., MexicoDépartement des Sols et de Génie Agroalimentaire, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico Département des Sols et de Génie Agroalimentaire, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Magallon
authors.affiliation: Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico Département des Sols et de Génie Agroalimentaire, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USAEnvironmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), La Paz, B.C.S., MexicoDépartement des Sols et de Génie Agroalimentaire, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico Département des Sols et de Génie Agroalimentaire, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Hani
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Antoun
authors.affiliation: Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico Département des Sols et de Génie Agroalimentaire, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USAEnvironmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), La Paz, B.C.S., MexicoDépartement des Sols et de Génie Agroalimentaire, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico Département des Sols et de Génie Agroalimentaire, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Yoav
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bashan
keywords: Azospirillum; Chlorella; PGPB; PGPR; enzymes; glutamate dehydrogenase; glutamine synthetase; microalgae; nitrogen metabolism; plant-growth-promoting bacteria