title: Mutations in Human Tubulin Proximal to the Kinesin-Binding Site Alter Dynamic Instability at Microtubule Plus- and Minus-Ends.
abstract: The assembly of microtubule-based cellular structures depends on regulated tubulin polymerization and directional transport. Here, we purify and characterize tubulin heterodimers that have human β-tubulin isotype III (TUBB3), as well as heterodimers with one of two β-tubulin mutations (D417H or R262H). Both point mutations are proximal to the kinesin-binding site and have been linked to an ocular motility disorder in humans. Compared to wild-type, microtubules with these mutations have decreased catastrophe frequencies and increased average lifetimes of plus- and minus-end-stabilizing caps. Importantly, the D417H mutation does not alter microtubule lattice structure or Mal3 binding to growing filaments. Instead, this mutation reduces the affinity of tubulin for TOG domains and colchicine, suggesting that the distribution of tubulin heterodimer conformations is changed. Together, our findings reveal how residues on the surface of microtubules, distal from the GTP-hydrolysis site and inter-subunit contacts, can alter polymerization dynamics at the plus- and minus-ends of microtubules.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Chemistry and Cell Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
authors.forename: Shih-Chieh
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Ti
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Chemistry and Cell Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
authors.forename: Melissa C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Pamula
authors.affiliation: Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Stuart C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Howes
authors.affiliation: The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Duellberg
authors.affiliation: The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK.
authors.forename: Nicholas I
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Cade
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Chemistry and Cell Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
authors.forename: Ralph E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Kleiner
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Chemistry and Cell Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Forth
authors.affiliation: The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Surrey
authors.affiliation: Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nogales
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Chemistry and Cell Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA. Electronic address: kapoor@mail.rockefeller.edu.
authors.forename: Tarun M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kapoor
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D016547:Kinesins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism*; D017354:Point Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D058105:Polymerization; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000235:genetics; D011487:Protein Conformation; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D014404:Tubulin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C498585:TUBB3 protein, human; D014404:Tubulin; D016547:Kinesins