title: Investigating Resilience to Depression in Adults With ADHD.
abstract: ADHD is associated with elevated rates of comorbid depressive disorders, yet the nature and development of this comorbidity remain understudied. We hypothesized that a longer period of prior ADHD treatment, being less likely to engage in maladaptive cognitive/behavioral coping strategies, and less severe ADHD symptoms would predict greater likelihood of lifetime resilience to depression.
  
  
  
  Seventy-seven adults with ADHD completed diagnostic interviews, clinician-administered symptom rating scales, a stressful life events measure, and self-report questionnaires. We used logistic regression analyses to identify factors associated with resilience to depression.
  
  
  
  Adults with more extensive ADHD treatment histories were more likely to be resilient to depression. Those who were less likely to report ruminative thinking patterns and cognitive-behavioral avoidance were also more resilient. Severity of current or childhood ADHD symptoms and recent negative life events did not predict resilience.
  
  
  
  Results identify protective factors that may promote the resiliency to ADHD-depression comorbidity.
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Richmond, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Lauren E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Oddo
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Richmond, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Laura E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Knouse
authors.affiliation: 2 Massachusetts General Hospital, Cambridge, USA.
authors.forename: Craig B H
authors.initials: CBH
authors.lastname: Surman
authors.affiliation: 3 University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Safren
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D003071:Cognition; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D057566:Self Report; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: adult ADHD; depression; resilience