title: Deliberate Rumination and Positive Reappraisal as Serial Mediators Between Life Impact and Posttraumatic Growth in Victims of State Terrorism in Chile (1973-1990).
abstract: This study examines the role of coping strategies related to positive reappraisal versus other cognitive strategies (deliberate rumination) as mediators between life impact and posttraumatic growth in survivors of the military dictatorship in Chile between 1973 and 1990 (tortured political prisoners and family members of political prisoners executed and missing). Survey data from 251 political violence survivors were analyzed using the SPSS PROCESS macro for bootstrapping indirect effects (Hayes, 2013). Results indicated that positive reappraisal (or reframing) coping mediated the relationship between life impact and posttraumatic growth. A serial multiple mediation model indicates that in the life impact to growth moderation process, rumination must be followed by positive reappraisal to drive this growth. These findings suggest that positive reappraisal of the traumatic experience is essential to achieve growth reports. Implications of these more complex relations are discussed for both counseling interventions and further research.
authors.affiliation: 1 Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cárdenas Castro
authors.affiliation: 2 Universidad del País Vasco, Vizcaya, España.
authors.forename: Maitane
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arnoso Martínez
authors.affiliation: 1 Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
authors.forename: Ximena
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Faúndez Abarca
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002677:Chile; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000078002:Posttraumatic Growth, Psychological; D000074222:Rumination, Cognitive; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D023481:Terrorism / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014104:Torture / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: memory and trauma; mental health and violence; spirituality and violence; violence exposure