title: Schrieffer-Wolff Transformation for Periodically Driven Systems: Strongly Correlated Systems with Artificial Gauge Fields.
abstract: We generalize the Schrieffer-Wolff transformation to periodically driven systems using Floquet theory. The method is applied to the periodically driven, strongly interacting Fermi-Hubbard model, for which we identify two regimes resulting in different effective low-energy Hamiltonians. In the nonresonant regime, we realize an interacting spin model coupled to a static gauge field with a nonzero flux per plaquette. In the resonant regime, where the Hubbard interaction is a multiple of the driving frequency, we derive an effective Hamiltonian featuring doublon association and dissociation processes. The ground state of this Hamiltonian undergoes a phase transition between an ordered phase and a gapless Luttinger liquid phase. One can tune the system between different phases by changing the amplitude of the periodic drive.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Marin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bukov
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.|Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.|Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kolodrubetz
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Anatoli
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Polkovnikov