title: Comprehensive metabolite profiling of Plantaginis Semen using ultra high performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry coupled with elevated energy technique.
abstract: Plantaginis Semen is commonly used in traditional medicine to treat edema, hypertension, and diabetes. The commercially available Plantaginis Semen in China mainly comes from three species. To clarify the chemical composition and distinct different species of Plantaginis Semen, we established a metabolite profiling method based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry coupled with elevated energy technique. A total of 108 compounds, including phenylethanoid glycosides, flavonoids, guanidine derivatives, terpenoids, organic acids, and fatty acids, were identified from Plantago asiatica L., P. depressa Willd., and P. major L. Results showed significant differences in chemical components among the three species, particularly flavonoids. This study is the first to provide a comprehensive chemical profile of Plantaginis Semen, which could be involved into the quality control, medication guide, and developing new drug of Plantago seeds.
authors.affiliation: The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the STACM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Dandan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the STACM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the STACM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qiming
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the STACM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Renchao
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the STACM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, UK.
authors.forename: S W Annie
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Bligh
authors.affiliation: The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the STACM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.|Center for Chinese Medical Therapy and Systems Biology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the STACM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Zhengtao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000032:analysis*; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010943:Plantago / Q000737:chemistry*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal
keywords: Elevated energy mass spectrometry; Metabolite profiles; Plantaginis Semen; Traditional Chinese medicines; Ultra high performance liquid chromatography