title: MG132 Induces Expression of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-Induced Protein 1 in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.
abstract: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) has been reported to induce the expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1), which undergoes ubiquitination degradation. Therefore, we predict that in vascular smooth muscle (VSMCs), MCPIP1 may be induced by MCP-1 and undergo degradation, which can be inhibited by the proteasome inhibitor, MG132. Our results showed that treatment of human VSMCs with MCP-1 did not increase the expression of MCPIP1. Treatment with MG132, however, elevated MCPIP1 protein levels through stimulation of the gene transcription, but not through increasing protein stability. MCPIP1 expression induced by MG132 was inhibited by α-amanitin inhibition of gene transcription or cycloheximide inhibition of protein synthesis. Our further studies showed that MCPIP1 expression induced by MG132 was inhibited by the inhibitors of AKT and p38 kinase, suggesting a role of the AKT-p38 pathway in MG132 effects. We also found that treatment with MG132 induces apoptosis, but overexpression of MCPIP1 inhibited bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation of human VSMCs without induction of significant apoptosis. In summary, MCPIP1 expression is induced by MG132 likely through activation of the AKT-p38 pathway. MCPIP1 inhibits SMC proliferation without induction of apoptosis. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 122-128, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Smooth Muscle Research Group, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.|Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation), Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Smooth Muscle Research Group, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Zhan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Smooth Muscle Research Group, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Shi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Smooth Muscle Research Group, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Leona Loretta
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Dao-Quan
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Powder and Medicine Innovation in Hunan (Incubation), Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Duan-Fang
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Smooth Muscle Research Group, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.|Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Key Lab for Arteriosclerogy of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Sheng
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, A. T. Still University, Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kirksville, Missouri.
authors.forename: Ying-Zi
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gui
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Smooth Muscle Research Group, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. xlzheng@ucalgary.ca.
authors.forename: Xi-Long
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007976:Leupeptins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D061988:Proteasome Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D007976:Leupeptins; D061988:Proteasome Inhibitors; D014157:Transcription Factors; C072553:benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde