title: Fast implementation for compressive recovery of highly accelerated cardiac cine MRI using the balanced sparse model.
abstract: Sparsity-promoting regularizers can enable stable recovery of highly undersampled magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), promising to improve the clinical utility of challenging applications. However, lengthy computation time limits the clinical use of these methods, especially for dynamic MRI with its large corpus of spatiotemporal data. Here, we present a holistic framework that utilizes the balanced sparse model for compressive sensing and parallel computing to reduce the computation time of cardiac MRI recovery methods.
  
  
  
  We propose a fast, iterative soft-thresholding method to solve the resulting ℓ1-regularized least squares problem. In addition, our approach utilizes a parallel computing environment that is fully integrated with the MRI acquisition software. The methodology is applied to two formulations of the multichannel MRI problem: image-based recovery and k-space-based recovery.
  
  
  
  Using measured MRI data, we show that, for a 224 × 144 image series with 48 frames, the proposed k-space-based approach achieves a mean reconstruction time of 2.35 min, a 24-fold improvement compared a reconstruction time of 55.5 min for the nonlinear conjugate gradient method, and the proposed image-based approach achieves a mean reconstruction time of 13.8 s.
  
  
  
  Our approach can be utilized to achieve fast reconstruction of large MRI datasets, thereby increasing the clinical utility of reconstruction techniques based on compressed sensing. Magn Reson Med 77:1505-1515, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.|Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Samuel T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Ting
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.|Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Rizwan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Siemens Medical Solutions, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Craft
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Serafim da Silveira
authors.affiliation: The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.|Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.|Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.|Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Orlando P
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Simonetti
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D057791:Cardiac Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D044962:Data Compression / Q000379:methods*; D006321:Heart / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
keywords: cardiac MRI; cine; compressed sensing; parallel imaging reconstruction