title: A Multi-Layered Needle Injection Simulator.
abstract: Insuring correct needle location is crucial in many medical procedures. This can be even more challenging for physicians injecting in a new location for the first time. Since they do not necessarily know how the tissue is supposed to feel, finding the correct location and correct depth can be difficult. In this study we designed a simulator for training needle injection. The simulator was fabricated to give a realistic feeling of injecting Botox® in the temporalis and the semispinalis muscles as part of migraine treatment. In addition the simulator provided real-time feedback of correct needle location. Nine residents and medical students evaluated the simulator. They made several errors that were corrected real time using the real time feedback provided. They found the simulator to be very useful and that the training significantly improved their confidence. The methods described in this study can easily be implemented for developing needle injection simulators for other anatomical locations.
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Surgery.
authors.forename: Shlomi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laufer
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Surgery.
authors.forename: Steve J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kempton
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Surgery.
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maciolek
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Surgery.
authors.forename: Aliyya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Terry
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Surgery.
authors.forename: Rebeca D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Surgery.
authors.forename: Carla M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Pugh
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Surgery.
authors.forename: Ahmed M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Afifi
mesh_terms: D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D002983:Clinical Competence; D005260:Female; D000070856:High Fidelity Simulation Training; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry*; D011677:Punctures / Q000379:methods*