title: The movement time analyser task investigated with functional near infrared spectroscopy: an ecologic approach for measuring hemodynamic response in the motor system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Movement time analyzer (MTA) is an objective instrument to evaluate the degree of motor impairment as well as to investigate the dopaminergic drug effect in Parkinson's disease patients. The aim of this study is to validate a new ecologic neuroimaging tool for quantifying MTA-related hemodynamic response of the cortical motor system by means of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).
  
  
  METHODS
  11 right-handed healthy volunteers (six male and five female, age range 27-64 years) were studied with fNIRS and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while performing MTA task for each hand.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MTA performance was better for the dominant hand and younger participants. Both fNIRS and fMRI analyses revealed MTA-related increase of haemoglobin levels in the primary motor and premotor cortices contralateral to the moving hand. This response progressively increased with aging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings supported the translation of fNIRS-based MTA behavioural tool in clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology-CNR, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vasta
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology-CNR, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy. a.cerasa@unicz.it.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cerasa
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology-CNR, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gramigna
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology-CNR, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Augimeri
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology-CNR, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Olivadese
authors.affiliation: Multimodal Functional Imaging Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Department, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Quebec, H3A 2B4, Canada.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pellegrino
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology-CNR, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Iolanda
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Martino
authors.affiliation: Multimodal Functional Imaging Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Department, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Quebec, H3A 2B4, Canada.
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: Multimodal Functional Imaging Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Department, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Quebec, H3A 2B4, Canada.|Physics Department and PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Zhengchen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology-CNR, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caracciolo
authors.affiliation: Multimodal Functional Imaging Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Department, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Quebec, H3A 2B4, Canada.|Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.|Physics Department and PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology-CNR, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.|Institute of Neurology, University Magna Graecia, Germaneto, CZ, Italy.
authors.forename: Aldo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quattrone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D059907:Functional Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods; D006225:Hand / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis
keywords: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy; Movement time analyzer; Parkinson’s disease; fMRI