title: Thermally Induced Graphene Rotation on Hexagonal Boron Nitride.
abstract: In this Letter, we report the observation of thermally induced rotation of graphene on hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN). After the rotation, two thermally stable configurations of graphene on h-BN with a relative lattice twisting angle of 0° (most stable) and 30° (metastable), respectively, were found. Graphene on h-BN with a twisting angle below (above) a critical angle of ∼12±2° tends to rotate towards 0° (30°) at a temperature of >100 °C, which is in line with our theoretical simulations. In addition, by manipulating the annealing temperature and the flake sizes of graphene, moiré superlattices with large spatial periods of graphene on h-BN are achieved. Our studies provide a detailed understanding of the thermodynamic properties of graphene on h-BN and a feasible approach to obtaining van der Waals heterostructures with aligned lattices.
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Duoming
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Guorui
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Chaokai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Guibai
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Xiaobo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Guole
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Jianling
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Congli
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Donghua
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Dongxia
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.affiliation: International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Yuanbo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100190, China.
authors.forename: Guangyu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang