title: Limited independent prognostic value of MMP-14 and MMP-2 expression in ovarian cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In cancer, various MMPs play a role in progression and metastasis and their overexpression generally indicates a poor prognosis. MMP-14 is the main activator of MMP-2 and both molecules play a role in normal ovarian follicular development. Earlier reports indicated a prognostic value for both MMP-14 and MMP-2 in ovarian cancer. This study was designed to determine the prognostic value of MMP-14 and MMP-2 expression in ovarian cancer with data on long-term follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tumor samples of 94 consecutive ovarian cancer patients from one regional laboratory were evaluated. Clinical and survival data were collected and related to known prognostic factors, as well as to the expression of MMP-14 and MMP-2 as determined by semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Epithelial MMP-14 expression correlated with stromal MMP-14 expression (rho = .47, p < .01) and epithelial MMP-2 expression was found to correlate with both MMP-14 epithelial and stromal expression (rho = -.28, p < .01 respectively rho = -.21, p < .05). In univariable analysis of 64 advanced-staged tumours, no MMP parameter was significant for progression-free or overall survival. In multivariable analysis for PFS, stromal MMP-14 expression and epithelial MMP-2 expression remained in the model. For overall survival, no MMP parameter showed significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We confirmed the correlation between epithelial and stromal MMP-14 expression and between epithelial MMP-2 and both epithelial and stromal MMP-14 expression. In this study with long-term follow-up, the independent prognostic value of MMP-14 and MMP-2 expression in ovarian cancer is limited to a role in PFS for stromal MMP-14 expression and epithelial MMP-2 expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Elisabeth Tweesteden Hospital, PO Box 90151, 5000 LC, Tilburg, The Netherlands. c.vos@elisabeth.nl.
authors.forename: M Caroline
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Vos
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Elisabeth Tweesteden Hospital, PO Box 90151, 5000 LC, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anneke A M
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: van der Wurff
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bulten
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tweesteden Ziekenhuis, PO Box 90107, 5000 LA, Tilburg, The Netherlands.|Present address: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kruitwagen
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amphia Hospital, Langedijk 75, 4819 EV, Breda, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Harrie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Feijen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Insitute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Toin H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: van Kuppevelt
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Thijs
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hendriks
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Leon F A G
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Massuger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000201:enzymology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D053511:Matrix Metalloproteinase 14 / Q000032:analysis*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000032:analysis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009426:Netherlands; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000201:enzymology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C507086:MMP14 protein, human; D053511:Matrix Metalloproteinase 14
keywords: Immunohistochemistry; MMP-14; MMP-2; Ovarian cancer; Prognosis