title: TOR Pathway-Mediated Juvenile Hormone Synthesis Regulates Nutrient-Dependent Female Reproduction in Nilaparvata lugens (Stål).
abstract: The "target of rapamycin" (TOR) nutritional signaling pathway and juvenile hormone (JH) regulation of vitellogenesis has been known for a long time. However, the interplay between these two pathways regulating vitellogenin (Vg) expression remains obscure. Here, we first demonstrated the key role of amino acids (AAs) in activation of Vg synthesis and egg development in Nilaparvata lugens using chemically defined artificial diets. AAs induced the expression of TOR and S6K (S6 kinase), whereas RNAi-mediated silencing of these two TOR pathway genes and rapamycin application strongly inhibited the AAs-induced Vg synthesis. Furthermore, knockdown of Rheb (Ras homologue enriched in brain), TOR, S6K and application of rapamycin resulted in a dramatic reduction in the mRNA levels of jmtN (juvenile hormone acid methyltransferase, JHAMT). Application of JH III on the RNAi (Rheb and TOR) and rapamycin-treated females partially rescued the Vg expression. Conversely, knockdown of either jmtN or met (methoprene-tolerant, JH receptor) and application of JH III had no effects on mRNA levels of Rheb, TOR and S6K and phosphorylation of S6K. In summary, our results demonstrate that the TOR pathway induces JH biosynthesis that in turn regulates AAs-mediated Vg synthesis in N. lugens.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China. lukaiqw@163.com.|State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China. lukaiqw@163.com.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China. 18659105423@163.com.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China. liuwting123@163.com.
authors.forename: Wen-Ting
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China. lsszhou@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006430:Hemiptera / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007605:Juvenile Hormones / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008780:Methyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010063:Ovum / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D034622:RNA Interference; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012098:Reproduction; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000494:pharmacology; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014818:Vitellogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D014819:Vitellogenins / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D019476:Insect Proteins; D007605:Juvenile Hormones; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014819:Vitellogenins; D008780:Methyltransferases; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; C448959:ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70kD, polypeptide 2; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D020123:Sirolimus
keywords: Nilaparvata lugens; RNA interference; juvenile hormone; target of rapamycin; vitellogenesis