title: PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade in non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: The programmed death 1 (PD-1) pathway is an immune checkpoint that has been implicated in tumoral immune escape, and has emerged as a major focus of immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Multiple agents have progressed through clinical development in recent years, including antibodies targeting both PD-1 and its key ligand, programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). This article reviews PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in NSCLC, including completed clinical trials, ongoing studies, future directions, and challenges.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Abramson Cancer Center and the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Bagley
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Abramson Cancer Center and the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Joshua M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bauml
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Abramson Cancer Center and the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Corey J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Langer
mesh_terms: D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; C423236:CD274 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C105992:PDCD1 protein, human; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor