title: Gambling Motives in a Representative Swedish Sample of Risk Gamblers.
abstract: Motives for gambling have been shown to be associated with gambling involvement, and hence important in the understanding of the etiology of problem gambling. The aim of this study was to describe differences in gambling motives in different subgroups of lifetime risk gamblers, categorized by: age, gender, alcohol- and drug habits and type of game preferred, when considering the level of risk gambling. A random Swedish sample (n = 19,530) was screened for risk gambling, using the Lie/Bet questionnaire. The study sample (n = 257) consisted of the respondents screening positive on Lie/Bet and completing a postal questionnaire about gambling and motives for gambling (measured with the NODS-PERC and the RGQ respectively). When considering the level of risk gambling, motives for gambling were not associated with gender, whereas younger persons gambled for the challenge more often than did older participants. Card/Casino and Sport gamblers played to a greater extent for social and challenge reasons then did Lotto/Bingo-gamblers. EGM-gamblers played more for coping reasons than did Lotto/Bingo gamblers. However, this association turned non-significant when considering the level of risk gambling. Moderate risk gamblers played for the challenge and coping reasons to a greater extent than low risk gamblers motives for gambling differ across subgroups of preferred game and between gamblers with low and moderate risk. The level of risk gambling is intertwined with motives for gambling and should be considered when examining gambling reasons.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs (SoRAD), Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden. kristina.sundqvist@sorad.su.se.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sundqvist
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jakob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jonsson
authors.affiliation: Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs (SoRAD), Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wennberg
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D010551:Personality; D011998:Recreation; D012309:Risk-Taking; D057566:Self Report; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden
keywords: Gambling; Gambling motives; Motives for gambling; Problem gambling; Risk gambling