title: Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Renal Impairment Parameters in Diabetic Nephropathy: Preliminary Data.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL Abs) represented an independent factor that was associated with the occurrence and/or progression of nephropathy in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome, but their role in diabetic nephropathy is not elucidated. Therefore, we evaluated the association of aPL Abs with the renal impairment parameters in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Concentrations of analyzed antibodies were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cystatin C and anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies of the immunoglobulin (Ig) G ( r = .349, P = .004) and the IgM isotype ( r = .316, P = .009) were in positive correlation. The IgG isotype of the aCL Abs was in positive correlation with creatinine ( r = .252, P = .038), urea ( r = .241, P = .048), and uric acid ( r = .271, P = .025). The concentrations of the IgG isotype of the aCL Abs were significantly different between subgroups of patients with diabetic polyneuropathy and patients without this clinical finding (Mann-Whitney, P = .033).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report on positive correlation between aCL Abs and renal impairment parameters. Larger studies are necessary for elucidation whether this association is involved in further progression of the disease.
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Novi Sad, Medical Faculty, Department of Pharmacy, Serbia.|2 Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Mirjana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bećarević
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Novi Sad, Medical Faculty, Department of Pharmacy, Serbia.|3 Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Velibor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Čabarkapa
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Novi Sad, Medical Faculty, Department of Pharmacy, Serbia.|3 Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Mirjana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Đerić
authors.affiliation: 2 Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.|4 University of Belgrade, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Serbia.
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ignjatović
mesh_terms: D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000378:metabolism*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid
keywords: anti-β2glycoprotein I antibodies; anticardiolipin antibodies; cystatin C; diabetic nephropathy; diabetic polyneuropathy