title: Vanillin Attenuated Behavioural Impairments, Neurochemical Deficts, Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis Against Rotenone Induced Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease.
abstract: Vanillin (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde), a pleasant smelling organic aromatic compound, is widely used as a flavoring additive in food, beverage, cosmetic and drug industries. It is reported to cross the blood brain barrier and also displayed antioxidant and neuroprotective activities. We previously reported the neuroprotective effect of vanillin against rotenone induced in in vitro model of PD. The present experiment was aimed to analyze the neuroprotective effect of vanillin on the motor and non-motor deficits, neurochemical variables, oxidative, anti-oxidative indices and the expression of apoptotic markers against rotenone induced rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD). Rotenone treatment exhibited motor and non-motor impairments, neurochemical deficits, oxidative stress and apoptosis, whereas oral administration of vanillin attenuated the above-said indices. However further studies are needed to explore the mitochondrial protective and anti-inflammatory properties of vanillin, as these processes play a vital role in the cause and progression of PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Chidambaram, 608002, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Chinnasamy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dhanalakshmi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Chidambaram, 608002, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Udaiyappan
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Janakiraman
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Chidambaram, 608002, Tamil Nadu, India. mani_pdresearchlab@rediffmail.com.
authors.forename: Thamilarasan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Manivasagam
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Chidambaram, 608002, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Arokiasamy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Justin Thenmozhi
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.|Ageing and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.|Food and Brain Research Foundation, Chennai, 600094, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Musthafa Mohamed
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Essa
authors.affiliation: College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
authors.forename: Ameer
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kalandar
authors.affiliation: Department of Anathesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Mohammed Abdul Sattar
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Neuropharmacology Group, MND and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Centre, Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, Balaclava Road, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
authors.forename: Gilles J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Guillemin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D001547:Benzaldehydes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012402:Rotenone / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001547:Benzaldehydes; D012402:Rotenone; C100058:vanillin
keywords: Motor and non-motor symptoms; Oxidative stress, apoptosis; Parkinson’s disease; Vanillin