title: Effects of carbonaceous materials on microbial bioavailability of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) in sediments.
abstract: In this study, we investigated the influence of various types of carbonaceous materials (CMs) on the bioavailability of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) to polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE)-degrading microorganisms in CM-amended sediments. The microbial debromination ratio of BDE-47 was reduced by 92.8%-98.2% in the 5.0% CM-amended sediment compared with in sediment without CM amendment after 100 d of anaerobic incubation. The concentrations of lower brominated products also decreased when the content of CMs increased from 0.2% to 5.0%. The inhibitory effects of CMs on BDE-47 debromination were CM content- and characteristic-specific. The reciprocals of BDE-47 debromination ratios and lower brominated product concentrations showed positive linear correlations with CM contents in sediments (p<0.01), and the slopes of linear regression fitting generally correlated with specific surface areas (SSAs) of CMs. Desorption of BDE-47 from CMs indicated the declined desorbing fraction of BDE-47 was responsible for the reduction in BDE-47 bioavailability to microorganisms, thus decreasing its debromination in sediments amended with CMs. This study revealed that CM amendment could reduce the PBDE bioavailability to PBDE-degrading microorganisms in sediments, and it is expected to help deepen our understanding of the environmental behaviors and risks of PBDEs.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Baotong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment Pollution Integrated Control, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China. Electronic address: xiaxh@bnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xinghui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoxia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Xiaotian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D001682:Biological Availability; D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic / Q000737:chemistry*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000737:chemistry*; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C511295:2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
keywords: Bioavailability; Carbonaceous materials; Desorption; Microorganisms; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers