title: A field test of female mate preference for male plumage coloration in eastern bluebirds.
abstract: A growing body of evidence shows that female birds use male plumage coloration as an important criterion in mate choice. In the field, however, males with brighter coloration may both compete better for high quality territories and be the object of female choice. Positive associations between territory quality, male-male competitive ability, and female preferences can make it difficult to determine whether females actively choose the most ornamented males. Male eastern bluebirds (Sialia sialis) display brilliant ultraviolet (UV)-blue plumage coloration on their heads, backs, wings, and tails, and chestnut coloration on their breasts which is positively correlated with condition, reproductive effort, and reproductive success. We tested the hypothesis that female bluebirds prefer males that display brighter and more chromatic coloration by widowing males in the field and allowing replacement females to choose partners. We controlled for the influence of territory quality on female choice by widowing dyads of males with adjacent territories. We found no evidence that UV-blue or chestnut plumage coloration, body size, or body condition predicted the male with which females would pair. We found no support for the hypothesis that the coloration of male eastern bluebirds functions as a criterion in female mate choice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, Appalachian State University.
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Siefferman
authors.affiliation: Cincinnati Museum Center, Geier Collections & Research Center.
authors.forename: Herman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mays
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University.
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Steffen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University.
authors.forename: Geoffrey E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Hill
keywords: Eastern bluebird; Sialia sialis; female preferences; male-male competition; mate choice; plumage coloration; sexual selection