title: Cytogenetic and immunohistochemical biomarker profiling of therapy-relevant factors in salivary gland carcinomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is currently no established algorithm for the molecular profiling of therapy-relevant defects in salivary gland carcinomas (SGC). HER2 overexpression in a subfraction of SGC and low frequencies of EGFR mutations are known. Here, we established receptor and cell signalling profiles of 17 therapy-relevant factors and propose a molecular diagnostic algorithm for SGC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples from SGC (n = 38) were analysed with immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two or more expressed receptors and/or receptor gene amplification were detectable in eight of 38 (21%) tumours: HER2 3+/AR 1+, HER3 gene amplification/AR 1+/EGFR 1+, ER 3+/AR 1+, EGFR 2+/PR 1+ and EGFR 2+/PR 1+/AR 1+. No FGFR1-3, MET, ALK1, ROS1, RET, BRAF nor VEGFA defects were detectable, and ERCC1 was not overexpressed. No PD1+ tumour-infiltrating T cells were detectable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Personalised therapy of patients with salivary gland carcinomas should include HER2 and EGFR signalling testing and, in negative cases, evaluation of rare potential target molecules. ERCC1 and PD1 do not appear to be reliable markers for the decision for or against chemotherapy or immunotherapy, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lemound
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Maxie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schenk
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Gunter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Angelika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stucki-Koch
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Witting
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kreipe
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany. Hussein.Kais@MH-Hannover.de.
authors.forename: Kais
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hussein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004720:Endonucleases / Q000235:genetics; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005784:Gene Amplification; D018734:Genes, erbB-2 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / Q000235:genetics; D020893:Receptor, ErbB-3 / Q000235:genetics; D011987:Receptors, Steroid / Q000235:genetics; D012468:Salivary Gland Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; C581292:ERBB3 protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met; D020893:Receptor, ErbB-3; C071447:ERCC1 protein, human; D004720:Endonucleases
keywords: 
  EGFR
  ; HER2; molecular profiling; salivary gland carcinoma