title: The Dual Function of Reactive Oxygen/Nitrogen Species in Bioenergetics and Cell Death: The Role of ATP Synthase.
abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) targeting mitochondria are major causative factors in disease pathogenesis. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP) is a mega-channel modulated by calcium and ROS/RNS modifications and it has been described to play a crucial role in many pathophysiological events since prolonged channel opening causes cell death. The recent identification that dimers of ATP synthase form the PTP and the fact that posttranslational modifications caused by ROS/RNS also affect cellular bioenergetics through the modulation of ATP synthase catalysis reveal a dual function of these modifications in the cells. Here, we describe mitochondria as a major site of production and as a target of ROS/RNS and discuss the pathophysiological conditions in which oxidative and nitrosative modifications modulate the catalytic and pore-forming activities of ATP synthase.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kaludercic
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4229-3054
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Giorgio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D025261:Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000502:physiology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D025261:Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases