title: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in morbid obese patients: coffee consumption vs. disease severity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity correlates with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and occurs in 90 to 100% of severely obese individuals (body mass index [BMI] > 35 kg/m2). Coffee consumption (CC) has been associated with reduced progression of fibrosis in both hepatitis C infection and NAFLD; however, this topic is still under discussion when this liver disease affects severely obese individuals.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the association between CC, insulin resistance (IR) and histological NAFLD morbid obese patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study, including obese individuals undergoing bariatric surgery, liver biopsy and histological diagnosis between September 2013 and August 2014. The patients were classified into 3 groups according to their weekly CC: 0- 239.9 mL; 240-2099.9 mL and ≥ 2100 mL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 112 obese individuals were included (BMI = 41.9 ± 4.3 kg/m2), with a mean age of 34.7 ± 7.4 years; 68.6% were women. CC was reported by 72.3% of patients. There were no statistical significant differences between groups regarding the presence of IR (84.8% vs. 74.2% vs. 75.9%; p = 0.536). Progressively higher percentages of individuals with normal liver histology were observed (14.7% vs. 21.9% vs. 24.3%). NASH (65.7% vs. 70.3% vs. 57.5%) were observed among those who consumed greater coffee volumes (p = 0.812). In conclusion, obese individuals with elevated CC exhibited lower frequencies of NASH, although with no statistical significance in this sample.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Saúde (PPgMS) and GNASH/CNPq-Faculdade de Medicina-Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador-Bahia, Brazil; Núcleo de Tratamento e Cirurgia da Obesidade (NTCO), Salvador- Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raffaelle K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Saúde (PPgMS) and GNASH/CNPq-Faculdade de Medicina-Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador-Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Helma P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Cotrim
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Saúde (PPgMS) and GNASH/CNPq-Faculdade de Medicina-Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador-Bahia, Brazil; Núcleo de Tratamento e Cirurgia da Obesidade (NTCO), Salvador- Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Daltro
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Tratamento e Cirurgia da Obesidade (NTCO), Salvador- Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Erivaldo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia (UFBA), Brazil; Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz-Fundação Osvaldo Cruz, Salvador-Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz A R
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: de Freitas
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Saúde (PPgMS) and GNASH/CNPq-Faculdade de Medicina-Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador-Bahia, Brazil; Núcleo de Tratamento e Cirurgia da Obesidade (NTCO), Salvador- Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Daltro
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Saúde (PPgMS) and GNASH/CNPq-Faculdade de Medicina-Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador-Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Yanaihara
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oliveira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D050110:Bariatric Surgery; D001706:Biopsy; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003069:Coffee; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D065840:Protective Factors; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee