title: Rare associations of tetralogy of Fallot with anomalous left coronary artery from pulmonary artery and totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection.
abstract: We describe the cases of two patients with tetralogy of Fallot, aged 4 years and 8 months, who were incidentally detected to have concomitant anomalous left coronary artery from pulmonary artery and total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, respectively, on preoperative imaging. They underwent surgical correction with good mid-term outcomes. In this study, we discuss the embryological basis, physiological effects, and review the literature of these two unusual associations. Awareness of these rare associations will avoid missed diagnoses and consequent surgical surprises.
authors.affiliation: Children's Heart Centre,Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital,Mumbai,India.
authors.forename: Supratim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.affiliation: Children's Heart Centre,Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital,Mumbai,India.
authors.forename: Suresh G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Children's Heart Centre,Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital,Mumbai,India.
authors.forename: Snehal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003330:Coronary Vessel Anomalies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D004452:Echocardiography; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D012587:Scimitar Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D013771:Tetralogy of Fallot / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: Tetralogy of Fallot; anomalous left coronary artery from pulmonary artery; total anomalous pulmonary venous connection; unusual associations of tetralogy of Fallot