title: Combined exercise training reduces fatigue and modulates the cytokine profile of T-cells from multiple sclerosis patients in response to neuromediators.
abstract: Fatigue is a common and disabling symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS), a classical Th1- and Th17-mediated autoimmune disease. There is no effective pharmacological treatment for fatigue, but some reports point towards beneficial effects of physical activity on management of the fatigue in MS patients. As both MS and fatigue have been associated with dysregulated cytokine network production, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of a physical activity program consisting of a 12-week series of combining Pilates and aerobic exercises on fatigue severity, determined by FSS, and cytokine production, quantified by ELISA, by T cells from MS patients (n=08) with low disability (EDSS≤2). The results showed decrease in FSSs in all patients at the end of physical activity intervention. Regarding the cytokines, a significant reduction of IL-22 release was observed in polyclonally-activated T cells form MS patients post-training follow-up. Interestingly, while the physical activity attenuated the ability of dopamine in up-regulating Th17-related cytokines, it enhanced the anti-inflammatory effects of serotonin, evidenced by high IL-10 production. In summary, all results suggest that programmed physical activity has beneficial effects on management of fatigue in MS patients, and it could be related, at least in part, to its ability in regulating neuroimmune parameters into T cell compartment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Helcio
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alvarenga-Filho
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscila M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Sacramento
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thais B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Joana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hygino
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jorge Eduardo Canto
authors.initials: JEC
authors.lastname: Abreu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pneumology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sonia Regina
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Cristina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Wing
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Regina Maria Papais
authors.initials: RMP
authors.lastname: Alvarenga
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: cbento@unirio.br.
authors.forename: Cleonice A M
authors.initials: CAM
authors.lastname: Bento
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D004298:Dopamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015444:Exercise; D026241:Exercise Movement Techniques / Q000379:methods; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D012701:Serotonin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D012701:Serotonin; D004298:Dopamine
keywords: Cytokines; Dopamine; Fatigue; Multiple sclerosis; Physical activity; Serotonin