title: Young Barley Indicates Antitumor Effects in Experimental Breast Cancer In Vivo and In Vitro.
abstract: The effect of dietary administered young barley containing a mixture of phytochemicals to female rats for the prevention of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mammary carcinogenesis was evaluated. After carcinogen administration (14 wk), mammary tumors were removed and prepared for histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. Moreover, in vitro evaluation of possible mechanisms in MCF-7 breast cancer cell line was performed. Barley (0.3%) demonstrated mild antitumor effect in mammary carcinogenesis, yet 3% barley did not further improve this effect. Immunohistochemical analysis of rat tumor cells in treated groups showed significant increase in caspase-3 expression and significant reduction in Ki67 expression. In addition, 3% barley significantly decreased dityrosine levels versus control. Barley in higher dose significantly decreased serum low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol in rats. In vitro studies showed that barley significantly decreased survival of MCF-7 cells in 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and significantly decreased 5-bromo-20-deoxyuridine incorporation versus control. Barley prevented cell cycle progression and extended incubation with barley showed significant increase in the percentage of annexin V/propidium iodide-positive MCF-7 cells. Our results propose an antitumor effect for the mixture of phytochemicals present in young barley in a breast cancer model.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Biology , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kubatka
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmacology , Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University , Košice , Slovakia.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kello
authors.affiliation: c Department of Pathology , Slovak Medical University and St. Elisabeth Oncology Institute , Bratislava.
authors.forename: Karol
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kajo
authors.affiliation: d Laboratory of Structural Biology and Proteomics, Central Laboratories, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Brno , Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kruzliak
authors.affiliation: e Department of Anatomy , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia.
authors.forename: Desanka
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Výbohová
authors.affiliation: f Department of Natural Drugs, Department of Molecular Biology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno , Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Karel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Šmejkal
authors.affiliation: g Department of Quality of Agricultural Products , Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague , Prague , Czech Republic.|h Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, v. v. i. , Prague , Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maršík
authors.affiliation: i The Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention & Management (CCDPM), College of Health & Biomedicine, Victoria University , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zulli
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmacology , Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University , Košice , Slovakia.
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gönciová
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmacology , Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University , Košice , Slovakia.
authors.forename: Ján
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mojžiš
authors.affiliation: j Department of Medical Biochemistry , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kapinová
authors.affiliation: j Department of Medical Biochemistry , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia.
authors.forename: Radovan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Murin
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Biology , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Péč
authors.affiliation: k Department of Histology and Embryology , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia.
authors.forename: Marián
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adamkov
authors.affiliation: l Department of Veterans Affairs , Washington DC , USA.
authors.forename: Ronald M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Przygodzki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis; D001943:Breast Neoplasms; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D001467:Hordeum / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008770:Methylnitrosourea / Q000633:toxicity; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D005419:Flavonoids; D008770:Methylnitrosourea