title: Cell cycle dependent cellular uptake of zinc oxide nanoparticles in human epidermal cells.
abstract: Metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), including zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs have shown success for use as vehicles for drug delivery and targeting gene delivery in many diseases like cancer. Current anticancer chemotherapeutics fail to effectively differentiate between cancerous and normal cells. There is an urgent need to develop novel drug delivery system that can better target cancer cells while sparing normal cells and tissues. Particularly, ZnO NPs exhibit a high degree of cancer cell selectivity and induce cell death, oxidative stress, interference with the cell cycle progression and genotoxicity in cancerous cells. In this scenario, effective cellular uptake of NP seems to be crucial, which is shown to be affected by cell cycle progression. In the present study, the cytotoxic potential of ZnO NPs and the effect of different cell cycle phases on the uptake of ZnO NPs were examined in A431 cells. It is shown that the ZnO NPs led to cell death and reactive oxygen species generation and were able to induce cell cycle arrest in S and G2/M phase with the higher uptake in G2/M phase compared with other phases.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, University Road, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India and.
authors.forename: Pal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, University Road, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India and.
authors.forename: Krupa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kansara
authors.affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, University Road, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India and.
authors.forename: Violet Aileen
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Senapati
authors.affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, University Road, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India and.
authors.forename: Rishi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shanker
authors.affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, University Road, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India and CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, PO Box 80, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Alok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dhawan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Ahmedabad University, University Road, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India and ashutosh.kumar@ahduni.edu.in.
authors.forename: Ashutosh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D001692:Biological Transport; D002453:Cell Cycle; D016923:Cell Death; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D000078404:Epidermal Cells; D004817:Epidermis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D015034:Zinc Oxide