title: Bronchoalveolar lavage is an ideal tool in evaluation of local immune response of pigs vaccinated with Pasteurella multocida bacterin vaccine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to study the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) technique in evaluating the local immune response of pig immunized with Pasteurella multocida bacterin vaccine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Weaned piglets were immunized with formalin-inactivated P52 strain of P. multocida bacterin and evaluated for pulmonary immune response in BAL fluid. BAL was performed before vaccination and at different post vaccination days. The BAL fluid was assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to study the development of P. multocida specific antibody isotypes and also evaluated for different cell populations using standard protocol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average recovery percentage of BAL fluid varies from 58.33 to 61.33 in vaccinated and control group of piglets. The BAL fluid of vaccinated pigs showed increase in antibody titer up to 60(th) days post vaccination (8.98±0.33), IgG being the predominant isotype reached maximum titer of 6.12±0.20 on 45(th) days post vaccination, followed by IgM and a meager concentration of IgA could be detected. An increased concentration of the lymphocyte population and induction of plasma cells was detected in the BAL fluid of vaccinated pigs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Though intranasal vaccination with P. multocida plain bacterin vaccine could not provoke a strong immune response, but is promising as lymphocyte population was increased and plasma cells were detected. BAL can be performed repeatedly up to 3/4 months of age in pigs to study pulmonary immune response without affecting their health.
authors.affiliation: North Eastern Regional Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Government of Assam, Khanapara, Guwahati - 781 022, Assam, India.
authors.forename: Shiney
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: George
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science, Khanapara, Guwahati - 781 022, Assam, India.
authors.forename: Nagendra Nath
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Barman
authors.affiliation: Pasteur Institute of India, Coonoor - 643 013, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Anjan Jyoti
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Nath
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati - 781 022, Assam, India.
authors.forename: Bhupen
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sarma
keywords: P. multocida; bronchoalveolar lavage; cell types; isotype specific enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; pig; pulmonary immune response