title: Kinematic gait patterns and their relationship to pain in mild-to-moderate hip osteoarthritis.
abstract: Mild-to-moderate hip osteoarthritis is often managed clinically in a non-surgical manner. Effective non-surgical management of this population requires characterizing the specific impairments within this group. To date, a complete description of all lower extremity kinematics in mild-to-moderate hip osteoarthritis patients has not been presented. The aim of the present study is to describe the lower extremity gait kinematics in mild-to-moderate hip osteoarthritis patients and explore the relationship between kinematics and pain.
  
  
  
  22 subjects with mild-to-moderate radiographic hip osteoarthritis (Kellgren-Lawrence grade 2-3) and 22 healthy age and BMI matched control subjects participated. Kinematic treadmill walking data were collected across all lower extremity joints. A two-way repeated measures analysis of variance estimated mean differences in gait kinematics between groups. Correlations between gait kinematics and pain were assessed using a Spearman correlation coefficient.
  
  
  
  Hip osteoarthritis subjects hiked their unsupported hemi-pelvis 1.40° (P<0.001) more than controls and tilted their pelvis 4.65° more anteriorly (P=0.01). Osteoarthritis subjects walked with 4.30° more peak hip abduction (P<0.001), 8.57° less peak hip extension (P<0.001), and 10.54° more peak hip external rotation (P<0.001). Kinematics were related to pain in the ankle frontal plane only (r=-0.43, P<0.05).
  
  
  
  Individuals with mild-to-moderate hip osteoarthritis demonstrate altered gait biomechanics not related to pain. These altered biomechanics may represent effective therapeutic targets by clinicians working with this population. Understanding the underlying patho-anatomic changes that lead to these biomechanical changes requires further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Kinesiology, Running Injury Clinic, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. Electronic address: rjleigh@ucalgary.ca.
authors.forename: Ryan J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Leigh
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Kinesiology, Running Injury Clinic, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. Electronic address: stosis@ucalgary.ca.
authors.forename: Sean T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Osis
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Kinesiology, Running Injury Clinic, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. Electronic address: rferber@ucalgary.ca.
authors.forename: Reed
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ferber
mesh_terms: D000842:Ankle / Q000502:physiology; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006615:Hip / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015207:Osteoarthritis, Hip / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010388:Pelvis / Q000502:physiology; D012399:Rotation
keywords: Gait analysis; Hip; Kinematics; Osteoarthritis; Walking