title: Red blood cell coagulation induced by low-temperature plasma treatment.
abstract: Low-temperature plasma (LTP) treatment promotes blood clot formation by stimulation of the both platelet aggregation and coagulation factors. However, the appearance of a membrane-like structure in clots after the treatment is controversial. Based on our previous report that demonstrated characteristics of the form of coagulation of serum proteins induced by LTP treatment, we sought to determine whether treatment with two plasma instruments, namely BPC-HP1 and PN-110/120TPG, formed clots only from red blood cells (RBCs). LTP treatment with each device formed clots from whole blood, whereas LTP treatment with BPC-HP1 formed clots in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing 2 × 10(9)/mL RBCs. Light microscopic analysis results showed that hemolysis formed clots consisting of materials with membrane-like structures from both whole blood and PBS-suspended RBCs. Moreover, electron microscopic analysis results showed a monotonous material with high electron density in the formed clots, presenting a membrane-like structure. Hemolysis disappeared with the decrease in the current through the targets contacting with the plasma flare and clot formation ceased. Taken together, our results and those of earlier studies present two types of blood clot formation, namely presence or absence of hemolysis capability depending on the current through the targets.
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305-8568, Japan; Medical Business Development Division, Nikon Co., Ltd., Yokohama, 244-8533, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: Sanae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ikehara
authors.affiliation: Medical Business Development Division, Nikon Co., Ltd., Yokohama, 244-8533, Japan.
authors.forename: Hikaru
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takei
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, 181-8611, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akimoto
authors.affiliation: Electronics and Photonics Research Institute, AIST, Tsukuba, 305-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakakita
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutica Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun-Ichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamagishi
authors.affiliation: Electronics and Photonics Research Institute, AIST, Tsukuba, 305-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: Jaeho
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, 464-8681, Japan.
authors.forename: Hayao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.affiliation: Terraplasma GmbH, 85748, Garching, Germany.
authors.forename: Tetsuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: SANNO Hospital, Akasaka, 107-0052, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305-8568, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 107-0052, Japan. Electronic address: yuzuru-ikeahra@aist.go.jp.
authors.forename: Yuzuru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ikehara
mesh_terms: D001777:Blood Coagulation; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004583:Electrons; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000737:chemistry; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000737:chemistry; D006461:Hemolysis; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D058626:Plasma Gases; D012492:Salts / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D010710:Phosphates; D058626:Plasma Gases; D012492:Salts
keywords: Blood coagulation; Clot; Low-temperature plasma; Red blood cells