title: Iberis amara Extract Induces Intracellular Formation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Inhibits Colon Cancer.
abstract: Massively increasing global incidences of colorectal cancer require efficient treatment and prevention strategies. Here, we report unexpected anticancerogenic effects of hydroethanolic Iberis amara extract (IAE), which is known as a widely used phytomedical product for treating gastrointestinal complaints. IAE significantly inhibited the proliferation of HT-29 and T84 colon carcinoma cells with an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 6 and 9 μg/ml, respectively, and further generated inhibitory effects in PC-3 prostate and MCF7 breast cancer cells. Inhibition of proliferation in HT-29 cells was associated with a G2/M phase cell cycle arrest including reduced expression of various regulatory marker proteins. Notably, in HT-29 cells IAE further induced apoptosis by intracellular formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Consistent with predictions derived from our in vitro experiments, bidaily oral gavage of 50 mg/kg of IAE over 4 weeks resulted in significant inhibition of tumor growth in a mouse HT-29 tumor xenograft model. Taken together, Iberis amara extracts could become useful alternatives for preventing and treating the progression of colon cancer.
authors.affiliation: Otto Warburg Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weidner
authors.affiliation: Otto Warburg Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Morten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rousseau
authors.affiliation: Otto Warburg Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Annabell
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Plauth
authors.affiliation: Otto Warburg Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Sylvia J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Wowro
authors.affiliation: Otto Warburg Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Cornelius
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.affiliation: Scientific Department, Steigerwald Arzneimittelwerk GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany.
authors.forename: Heba
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abdel-Aziz
authors.affiliation: Otto Warburg Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.|CU Systems Medicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sascha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sauer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019607:Brassicaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D064593:Heterografts; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species