title: Sagittal osteotomy inclination in medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Unlike postoperative changes in posterior tibial slope after medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy, sagittal osteotomy inclination has not been examined. It has been recommended that the osteotomy line in the sagittal plane be parallel to the medial posterior tibial slope. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of parallel osteotomy in medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  To determine the sagittal osteotomy inclination, the angle between the medial joint line and the osteotomy line was measured in the lateral radiograph. A positive angle value indicates that the osteotomy is anteriorly inclined relative to the medial posterior tibial slope. Correlation between the sagittal osteotomy inclination and posterior tibial slope was also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean sagittal osteotomy inclination was 15.1 ± 7.5°. The majority 87.1 % of knees showed an anterior-inclined osteotomy. There was a significantly positive correlation between the postoperative posterior tibial slope and the sagittal osteotomy inclination (r, 0.33; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.19-0.46; P < 0.001). The postoperative change in posterior tibial slope also showed a significantly positive correlation with the sagittal osteotomy inclination (r, 0.35; 95 % CI 0.21-0.47; P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although parallel osteotomy in the sagittal plane relative to the medial joint line was planned, only 12.9 % of cases achieved osteotomy parallel to the medial posterior tibial slope in the sagittal plane. Because of high rate of the anterior-inclined osteotomy and their correlations with posterior tibial slope, surgeons should make all efforts to perform parallel osteotomy relative to medial posterior tibial slope.
  
  
  METHODS
  IV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul Barunsesang Hospital, 421 Siheung-daero, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul, 08523, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Yup
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul Barunsesang Hospital, 421 Siheung-daero, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul, 08523, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hong-Chul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Guro Hospital, Korea University, 80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Korea University, 516, Gojan 1-dong, Danwon-gu, Ansan, 425-707, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Gyoon
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, 6-2, Dunchon-dong, Kangdong-gu, Seoul, 134-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Se-Hyeok
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, 6-2, Dunchon-dong, Kangdong-gu, Seoul, 134-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, 6-2, Dunchon-dong, Kangdong-gu, Seoul, 134-791, Republic of Korea. momyjr@naver.com.
authors.forename: Jung-Ro
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000601:surgery*; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011859:Radiography; D013977:Tibia / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: High tibial osteotomy; Osteotomy inclination; Posterior tibial slope