title: Manipulation of Dysfunctional Spinal Joints Affects Sensorimotor Integration in the Prefrontal Cortex: A Brain Source Localization Study.
abstract: Objectives. Studies have shown decreases in N30 somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) peak amplitudes following spinal manipulation (SM) of dysfunctional segments in subclinical pain (SCP) populations. This study sought to verify these findings and to investigate underlying brain sources that may be responsible for such changes. Methods. Nineteen SCP volunteers attended two experimental sessions, SM and control in random order. SEPs from 62-channel EEG cap were recorded following median nerve stimulation (1000 stimuli at 2.3 Hz) before and after either intervention. Peak-to-peak amplitude and latency analysis was completed for different SEPs peak. Dipolar models of underlying brain sources were built by using the brain electrical source analysis. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to assessed differences in N30 amplitudes, dipole locations, and dipole strengths. Results. SM decreased the N30 amplitude by 16.9 ± 31.3% (P = 0.02), while no differences were seen following the control intervention (P = 0.4). Brain source modeling revealed a 4-source model but only the prefrontal source showed reduced activity by 20.2 ± 12.2% (P = 0.03) following SM. Conclusion. A single session of spinal manipulation of dysfunctional segments in subclinical pain patients alters somatosensory processing at the cortical level, particularly within the prefrontal cortex.
authors.affiliation: Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Dina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lelic
authors.affiliation: Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand; Centre for Sensory-Motor Interactions (SMI), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9100 Aalborg, Denmark; Faculty of Health & Environmental Sciences, Health & Rehabilitation Research Institute, AUT University, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Imran Khan
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Niazi
authors.affiliation: Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Holt
authors.affiliation: Centre for Sensory-Motor Interactions (SMI), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9100 Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Mads
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jochumsen
authors.affiliation: Centre for Sensory-Motor Interactions (SMI), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9100 Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dremstrup
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, ON, Canada L1H 7K4.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yielder
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, ON, Canada L1H 7K4.
authors.forename: Bernadette
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.affiliation: Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark; Centre for Sensory-Motor Interactions (SMI), Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, 9100 Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Asbjørn Mohr
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Drewes
authors.affiliation: Centre for Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, Auckland 1060, New Zealand; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, ON, Canada L1H 7K4.
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Haavik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005073:Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020393:Manipulation, Spinal; D008475:Median Nerve; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D059408:Pain Management; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055815:Young Adult