title: Associations of blood pressure variability and retinal arteriolar diameter in participants with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: Blood pressure variability is associated with macrovascular complications and stroke, but its association with the microcirculation in type II diabetes has not been assessed. This study aimed to determine the relationship between blood pressure variability indices and retinal arteriolar diameter in non-diabetic and type II diabetes participants. Digitized retinal images were analysed to quantify arteriolar diameters in 35 non-diabetic (aged 52 ± 11 years; 49% male) and 28 type II diabetes (aged 61 ± 9 years; 50% male) participants. Blood pressure variability was derived from 24-h ambulatory blood pressure. Arteriolar diameter was positively associated with daytime rate of systolic blood pressure variation (p = 0.04) among type II diabetes participants and negatively among non-diabetics (p = 0.008; interaction p = 0.001). This finding was maintained after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index and mean daytime systolic blood pressure. These findings suggest that the blood pressure variability-related mechanisms underlying retinal vascular disease may differ between people with and without type II diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
authors.forename: Panagiota
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Veloudi
authors.affiliation: Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
authors.forename: Leigh
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Blizzard
authors.affiliation: Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Velandai K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Srikanth
authors.affiliation: Hobart Eye Surgeons, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: McCartney
authors.affiliation: National Cardiology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Elena V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Lukoshkova
authors.affiliation: UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Alun D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.affiliation: Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
authors.forename: Geoffrey A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Head
authors.affiliation: Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia James.Sharman@menzies.utas.edu.au.
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Sharman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001160:Arterioles / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation; D008875:Middle Aged; D010781:Photography; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Blood pressure variability; arteriolar diameter; diabetes; microcirculation