title: Malodor reductions and improved oral hygiene by toothbrushing and mouthrinsing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This clinical study compared the effects of an antibacterial regimen, comprising a triclosan toothpaste and a 0.075% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) mouthrinse, on malodor, self-reported malodor, and oral hygiene measures such as dental plaque, gingivitis, and bleeding relative to brushing with a fluoride toothpaste.
  
  
  METHODS
  At baseline, 36 subjects were evaluated for malodor (9-point organoleptic scale [OLT]), dental plaque (Turesky modification of Quigley-Hein; PI), gingivitis (Lφe-Silness; GI) and bleeding (Ainamo and Bay; BI) and randomized to (1) tooth brushing with fluoride toothpaste, or (2) a regimen comprising tooth brushing with a triclosan toothpaste and mouth rinsing with CPC mouthrinse. After the first use of assigned treatments, subjects were evaluated for malodor 2 h after breakfast (OLT-2 h) and used provided treatments for the next 14 days. On the 7 th and 14 th days, subjects refrained from oral hygiene for 12 h before evaluations (OLT, PI, GI, and BI) and then performed oral hygiene at the dental clinic. Subjects were evaluated for malodor 2 h after breakfast (OLT-2 h) and self-assessed their malodor on a 100 mm visual analog scale (VAS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment groups demonstrated no significant differences in OLT, PI, GI, BI at baseline (P > 0.05). OLT-2 h scores after the first use of regimen and after tooth brushing alone were 5.94 and 6.21, respectively, and were statistically significantly different (P < 0.05). Correspondingly, the regimen demonstrated progressive reductions in OLT and OLT-2 h on the 7 th and 14 th day evaluations (5.81, 4.88, and 5.09, 4.20, respectively) and were significantly lower than after tooth brushing alone (6.49, 6.18, and 6.35, 5.99, respectively) (P < 0.05). From the 7 th to 14 th days, the regimen also demonstrated progressively lower PI, GI, BI, and self-reported malodor (VAS scores) which were significantly lower than tooth brushing alone (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results from this study demonstrated that a regimen comprising a triclosan toothpaste and CPC mouthrinse demonstrated significant malodor reductions 2 h after the first use and progressively increasing reductions in malodor, dental plaque, gingivitis, bleeding and self-reported malodor from the 7 th to 14 th days than tooth brushing alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, JSS University, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nandlal
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shahikumar
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Avinash
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Sreenivasan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Subramanyam
mesh_terms: D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000188:drug therapy; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000188:drug therapy; D006209:Halitosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D014099:Toothbrushing; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D009067:Mouthwashes; D014100:Toothpastes