title: Severe refractory hypertension during shoulder arthroscopy.
abstract: The use of epinephrine-containing saline irrigating solutions during arthroscopic shoulder surgery gained popularity after it was reported that the addition of epinephrine reduced bleeding and improved visualization without adverse cardiovascular effects. We share a case of a patient undergoing shoulder arthroscopy who received a standard intra-articular infusion of epinephrine-containing normal saline (1 mcg/mL) and experienced severe hemodynamic consequences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
authors.forename: R O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Abrons
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Ellis
keywords: Epinephrine-containing irrigant; inadvertant epinephrine administration; refractory hypertension; shoulder arthroscopy