title: Symptoms Experienced by Jordanian Men and Women After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients who undergo coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery experience a wide spectrum of physical and psychological symptoms after surgery. Studies have shown that symptoms usually decline over time; however, some can persist up to months after discharge.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to assess symptoms experienced by patients after CABG surgery and any associations with demographic variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used. A convenience sample of 100 Jordanian post-CABG surgery patients was selected from 5 hospitals in Jordan. Patients were surveyed using the Cardiac Symptom Survey. To examine the associations between the symptoms experienced and selected demographic variables, χ(2) analyses were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chest incisional pain (65%) was the most frequently perceived symptom by the participants. Leg swelling (60%) was also reported by a nearly equivalent number of respondents. Symptoms like fluttering (15%), angina (8%), and depression (3%) were reported by a handful of participants. Three symptoms (poor appetite, sleeping problem, and fatigue) had significant associations with demographic variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The identification of frequently perceived symptoms among post-CABG patients enables health care providers to focus their assessments in identifying and alleviating them. The demographic associations identified facilitate nurses to forecast certain specific symptoms in targeted populations, like women are more prone to experience poor appetite and sleeping difficulties and strengthen these groups with strategies to prevent themselves from these distressing symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Ali Ahmad Ammouri, RN, MSN, PhD, is an associate professor at the College of Nursing in Hashemite University. He earned his PhD degree from the University of Kansas. His research interest includes cardiovascular nursing care and rehabilitation. Zaher Mohammed Al-Daakak, RN, MSc, is a medical instructor at the Department of Emergency and public Safety, Ministry of Interior General Head Quarters. He earned his master's degree from the Jordan University of Science and Technology in Jordan. His research interest is primary health and cardiovascular disease. Chandrani Isac, RN, MSc, is a lecturer at the College of Nursing in Sultan Qaboos University. She earned her master's degree from Dr. MGR Medical University in India. Her research interest is nursing education. Huda Gharaibeh, PhD, RN, is an associate professor at the College of Nursing at Jordan University of Science and Technology. Ibtisam Al-Zaru, PhD, RN, is an associate professor at the College of Nursing at Jordan University of Science and Technology.
authors.forename: Ali Ahmad
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ammouri
authors.forename: Zaher Mohammed
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Al-Daakak
authors.forename: Chandrani
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Isac
authors.forename: Huda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gharaibeh
authors.forename: Ibtisam
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Al-Zaru
mesh_terms: D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000209:etiology; D001282:Atrial Flutter / Q000209:etiology; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology; D004487:Edema / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007597:Jordan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012494:Sampling Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D063189:Symptom Assessment