title: Adding magnesium sulfate to bupivacaine in transversus abdominis plane block for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A single blinded randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Use of transversus abdominis plane block (TAP) in the management of postoperative pain after the laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has been a common anesthetic practice. This study evaluates the effect of adding magnesium sulfate to bupivacaine in TAP block in LC regarding postoperative analgesia and analgesic consumption.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists I and II was divided into three groups: Control group (C group, n = 30), bupivacaine group (B group, n = 30), bupivacaine magnesium group (M group, n = 30).
  
  
  RESULTS
  M group showed better analgesic profile in the 1(st) postoperative day in the form of lower mean visual analog scale score (2.8 ± 0.6 for C group, 2.1 ± 0.5 for B group, 2.2 ± 0.5 for M group, P < 0.001), longer duration of analgesia (7 ± 2.8 h for C group, 16 ± 2.5 h for B group, 19 ± 2.2 h for M group, P < 0.006), lower morphine consumption (2 ± 0.1 mg for C group, 0.9 ± 0.1 mg for B group, 0.5 ± 0.1 mg for M group, P < 0.011). There was a significant lower incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) (32% for C group, 6% B group, 7% M group, P < 0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adding MgSo4 as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in TAP block; during anesthesia for LC; improved postoperative analgesia in the form of increased duration, decreased analgesic requirements and PONV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Al-Refaey
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Usama
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Al-Hefnawey
keywords: Anesthesia; laparoscopic cholecystectomy; regional; transversus abdominis plane