title: Apically extruded debris during root canal preparation using ProTaper Gold, ProTaper Universal, ProTaper Next, and RECIPROC instruments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the amount of apically extruded debris during root canal preparation with ProTaper Gold (PTG) (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), ProTaper Universal (PTU) (Dentsply Maillefer), ProTaper Next (PTN) (Dentsply Maillefer), and RECIPROC (VDW, Munich, Germany) in curved canals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty human mandibular molar teeth were divided into 4 groups according to the system used for root canal preparation: PTG, PTU, PTN, and RECİPROC groups. The mean weight of extruded debris was statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and post-hoc Tukey's test (α = 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PTU was associated with significantly more extruded debris than the PTG, PTN, and RECIPROC (p&lt;0.05). The PTG was associated with significantly more extruded debris than the PTN and RECIPROC (p&lt;0.05), whereas no significant difference was found between the RECIPROC and PTN (p&gt;0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All systems caused apical debris extrusion during curved canal preparations. However, the PTG, PTN, and RECIPROC systems resulted in significantly less debris extrusion than the PTU system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu - Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cakici
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu - Turkey.
authors.forename: Elif B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Cakici
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu - Turkey.
authors.forename: Funda F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Küçükekenci
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum - Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Uygun
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum - Turkey.
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arslan
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D005858:Germany; D006046:Gold; D006801:Humans; D008963:Molar / Q000601:surgery*; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D019227:Tooth Apex
chemical_list: D006046:Gold