title: Do Variants in GSTs Modify the Association between Traffic Air Pollution and Asthma in Adolescence?
abstract: Polymorphisms in genes involved in the oxidative stress response may partially explain the documented heterogeneous associations between traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) exposure and asthma and allergies in children. We investigated whether the GSTT1, GSTM1 and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms modified the associations between TRAP exposure during the first year of life and asthma, wheeze and hay fever in adolescence. We used a birth cohort of 620 high risk infants from the Melbourne Atopy Cohort Study. TRAP exposure during the first year of life was defined as the cumulative length of major roads within 150 m of each participant's residence during the first year of life. Wheeze, asthma and hay fever were measured at ages 12 (n = 370) and 18 (n = 434) years. The associations and interactions with glutathione S-transferases (GST s) were investigated using regression models. Overall, there was no relationship between TRAP exposure during the first year of life and current asthma, wheeze and hay fever at ages 12 or 18 years. However, in GSTT1 null carriers, every 100 m increase in cumulative lengths of major road exposure during the first year of life was associated with a 2.31-fold increased risk of wheeze and a 2.15-fold increased risk of asthma at 12 years. TRAP is associated with some respiratory outcomes in carriers of genetic polymorphisms in oxidative stress metabolism genes.
authors.affiliation: Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population &amp; Global Health, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia. gayan.bowatte@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Gayan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bowatte
authors.affiliation: Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population &amp; Global Health, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia. clodge@unimelb.edu.au.|Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia. clodge@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Caroline J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lodge
authors.affiliation: Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population &amp; Global Health, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia. lowea@unimelb.edu.au.|Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia. lowea@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Adrian J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology &amp; Public Health, Department of Public Health, Latrobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia. b.erbas@latrobe.edu.au.
authors.forename: Bircan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Erbas
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health &amp; Preventive Medicine, Monash University, The Alfred, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia. martine.dennekamp@monash.edu.
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dennekamp
authors.affiliation: Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia. guy.marks@sydney.edu.au.|South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. guy.marks@sydney.edu.au.
authors.forename: Guy B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.affiliation: Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population &amp; Global Health, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia. jennifer.perret@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Perret
authors.affiliation: Busselton Population Medical Research Institute, Perth WA 6009, Australia. jennie.hui@health.wa.gov.au.
authors.forename: Jennie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hui
authors.affiliation: Molecular Genetics of Lung Diseases, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum, Muenchen 81377, Germany. wjst@helmholtz-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wjst
authors.affiliation: Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population &amp; Global Health, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia. lgurrin@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Lyle C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Gurrin
authors.affiliation: Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia. katrina.allen@mcri.edu.au.|Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. katrina.allen@mcri.edu.au.
authors.forename: Katrina J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health &amp; Preventive Medicine, Monash University, The Alfred, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia. michael.abramson@monash.edu.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Abramson
authors.affiliation: Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population &amp; Global Health, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia. mcmat@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Melanie C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Matheson
authors.affiliation: Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population &amp; Global Health, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia. s.dharmage@unimelb.edu.au.|Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia. s.dharmage@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Shyamali C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Dharmage
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi / Q000235:genetics*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000209:etiology; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D001335:Vehicle Emissions
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1
keywords: asthma; glutathione S-transferase; hay fever; traffic related air pollution; wheeze