title: Preliminary results for treatment of early stage breast cancer with endoscopic subcutaneous mastectomy combined with endoscopic sentinel lymph node biopsy in China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate efficacy and aesthetic outcome for combined endoscopic subcutaneous mastectomy (E-SM) and endoscopic sentinel lymph node biopsy (E-SLNB) in early stage breast cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Combined E-SM+E-SLNB was compared to modified radical resection in a cohort of Chinese patients (n = 49) with stages I and II breast cancer. Patient satisfaction with the aesthetic results was assessed 1 year after surgery with a 5-item-by-4-step scoring system for evaluating cosmetic outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients were alive 1 year following surgery with no locoregional recurrence or distant metastases and without any critical complications. The average length of incision was less in patients receiving E-SM+E-SLNB (4.4 vs. 19.4 cm; P < 0.001), but time in surgery was longer (131.6 vs. 99.2 min; P = 0.024). After 1 year, nearly all E-SM+E-SLNB patients rated satisfaction with their appearance as excellent or good (23/24; 95.8% vs. 19/25; 76.0%; P < 0.001), and exhibited less disturbance of sensory (P < 0.001) and motor function (P = 0.014) relative to modified radical resection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  E-SM+E-SLNB provides significant aesthetic and functional advantages for patients with early stage breast cancer without compromising medical efficacy as assessed at 16 months postsurgery. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:616-620. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zi-Han
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Chang-Sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Cheng
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hui-Ming
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yin-Guang
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Center for Prevention and Cure of Breast Diseases, Beijing Daxing Maternal and Child Care Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Can
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jian-An
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Tao
authors.initials: ZT
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002681:China; D004724:Endoscopy; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015414:Mastectomy, Subcutaneous / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: breast cancer; endoscopic mastectomy; reconstructive surgery