title: Near- and supercritical ethanol treatment of biocrude from hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae.
abstract: Biocrude produced from algae by hydrothermal liquefaction was treated with near- and supercritical ethanol and ethanol-water mixtures at 210-290°C for 0.5-4h. Longer reaction times and higher temperatures better promoted esterification reactions. Dilution of the ethanol with water led to lower yields of treated biocrude and reduced ester content. The viscosity of treated biocrude was an order of magnitude lower than that of the crude bio-oil, and the treated biocrude exhibited the characteristics of a Newtonian fluid. Overall, treatment of biocrude with near- and supercritical ethanol generated a treated bio-oil with lower viscosity, more ester content, and in nearly 100wt% yield.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2136, United States; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
authors.forename: Yongdan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2136, United States; Pennsylvania State University, Department of Chemical Engineering, University Park, PA 16802, United States. Electronic address: psavage@psu.edu.
authors.forename: Phillip E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Savage
mesh_terms: D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry*; D058086:Microalgae / Q000737:chemistry*; D010578:Petroleum / Q000382:microbiology*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D010578:Petroleum; D000431:Ethanol
keywords: Algae; Biofuel; Ethanol; Supercritical