title: Understanding cardiovascular risk in hemophilia: A step towards prevention and management.
abstract: Advances in hemophilia care have led to increased life expectancy and new challenges in the management of the aging hemophilia population, including cardiovascular risk. Despite the deep knowledge into cardiovascular disease in terms of pathophysiology, risk prediction, prevention, early detection and management gained over the last decades, studies in hemophiliacs are scarce and mainly descriptive. As a growing amount of evidence points towards a similar or increased prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors in hemophilia compared to the general population, the role of non-traditional, disease-related and treatment-related cardiovascular risk factors remains under investigation. Better understanding of cardiovascular risk in hemophilia is mandatory for proper cardiovascular risk prevention and management. Therefore, this review aims to summarize current knowledge on cardiovascular risk in hemophilia patients focusing on a) cardiovascular risk factors (traditional, non-traditional, disease-related and treatment-related), b) cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and c) cardiovascular prevention and management.
authors.affiliation: Haematology Unit - Haemophilia Centre of Northern Greece, 2nd Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. Electronic address: nsousos@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sousos
authors.affiliation: Haematology Unit - Haemophilia Centre of Northern Greece, 2nd Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gavriilaki
authors.affiliation: Haematology Unit - Haemophilia Centre of Northern Greece, 2nd Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vakalopoulou
authors.affiliation: Haematology Unit - Haemophilia Centre of Northern Greece, 2nd Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Vasileia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Garipidou
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019468:Disease Management; D006467:Hemophilia A / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control
keywords: Cardiovascular mortality; Cardiovascular risk; Hemophilia; Hypertension; Thrombosis