title: Avian leukosis virus subgroup J induces its receptor--chNHE1 up-regulation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) is an oncogenic retrovirus which causes immunosuppression and neoplasia in meat-type and egg-type chickens. ALV-J infects host cells via specific interaction between the viral Env and the cell surface receptor -chicken sodium hydrogen exchanger type 1 (chNHE1). NHE1 involved in altering the cellular pH and playing a critical role in tumorigenesis. However, little is known about the other relationship between ALV-J and chNHE1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In ALV-J infected DF-1 cells, the mRNA level of chNHE1 was up-regulated with time-dependent manner tested by real time PCR, and accordingly, intracellular pH was increased tested by spectrofluorometer. In vivo, the mRNA level of chNHE1 was determined by real time PCR in ALV-J infected experimental chickens and field cases. The result showed that the mRNA level of chNHE1 was up-regulated after virus shedding, especially in continuous viremic shedders (CS group). However, no significant difference was found between non-shedding group (NS group) and control group. In field cases, mRNA level of chNHE1 was positively correlated with increasing ALV-J load in tumor bearing and immune tolerance chickens. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry results showed that the protein expression of chNHE1 was up-regulated in different organs of both experimental chickens and tumor bearing chickens compared with the control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, we conclude that ALV-J induces chNHE1 up-regulation in viremia and neoplasia chickens.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.|Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.
authors.forename: Weiguo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
authors.forename: Liming
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
authors.forename: Xiyao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.
authors.forename: Zhifang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.|Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
authors.forename: Guihua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China. czqsd@126.com.|Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China. czqsd@126.com.
authors.forename: Ziqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001354:Avian Leukosis Virus / Q000502:physiology*; D002645:Chickens; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D011991:Receptors, Virus; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers
keywords: Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J); Chicken sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform 1 (chNHE1); Receptor; Up-regulation