title: Time-dependent low-field MRI characteristics of canine blood: an in vitro study.
abstract: This study was conducted to assess time-sensitive magnetic resonance (MR) changes in canine blood using low-field MR. Arterial and venous blood samples were collected from eight healthy beagle dogs. Samples were placed in 5-mL tubes and imaged within 3 hours of collection at 1 day intervals from day 1 to day 30. The following sequences were used: T1-weighted (T1W), T2-weighted (T2W), fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), short tau inversion recovery (STIR), and T2-star gradient-echo (T2(*)-GRE). Visual comparison of the images revealed that four relatively homogenous blood clots and twelve heterogeneous blood clots developed. The margination of the clot and plasma changed significantly on day 2 and day 13. On day 2, heterogeneous blood clots were differentiated into 2 to 3 signal layers in the T2W, T1W, and especially the STIR images. Hypointense signal layers were also detected in the blood clots in STIR images, which have T2 hypo, FLAIR hypo, and T1 hyper intense signals. In all images, these signal layers remained relatively unchanged until day 13. Overall, the results suggest that hematomas are complex on low-field MRI. Accordingly, it may not be feasible to accurately characterize hemorrhages and predict clot age based on low-field MRI.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Specialized Campus, Iksan 54596, Korea.
authors.forename: Jimo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Specialized Campus, Iksan 54596, Korea.
authors.forename: Sangjun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Specialized Campus, Iksan 54596, Korea.
authors.forename: Eunseok
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Specialized Campus, Iksan 54596, Korea.
authors.forename: Namsoo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Specialized Campus, Iksan 54596, Korea.
authors.forename: Minsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Specialized Campus, Iksan 54596, Korea.
authors.forename: Yechan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: College of Health Sciences, Radiologic Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Korea.
authors.forename: Youngkwon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University Specialized Campus, Iksan 54596, Korea.
authors.forename: Kichang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001769:Blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D001790:Blood Physiological Phenomena; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006406:Hematoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013995:Time
keywords: blood; canine; in vitro; low field; magnetic resonance