title: Novel Nonsense Variants c.58C>T (p.Q20X) and c.256G>T (p.E85X) in the CHEK2 Gene Identified dentified in Breast Cancer Patients from Balochistan.
abstract: Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring and leading cause of cancer deaths among women globally. Hereditary cases account 5-10% of all the cases and CHEK2 is considered as a moderate penetrance breast cancer risk gene. CHEK2 plays a crucial role in response to DNA damage to promote cell cycle arrest and repair DNA damage or induce apoptosis. Our objective in the current study was to analyze mutations in the CHEK2 gene related to breast cancer in Balochistan. A total of 271 individuals including breast cancer patients and normal subjects were enrolled. All 14 exons of CHEK2 were amplified and sequenced. The majority of the patients (>95%) had invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs), 52.1% were diagnosed with tumor grade III and 56.1% and 27.5% were diagnosed with advance stages III and IV. Two novel nonsense variants i.e. c.58C>T (P.Q20X) and c.256G>T (p.E85X) at exon 1 and 2 in two breast cancer patients were identified in the current study. Both the variants identified were novel and have not been reported elsewhere.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Pakistan E-mail : hameedbaloch77@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Abdul Hameed
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Baloch
authors.forename: Ahmad Nawaz
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Khosa
authors.forename: Nasrullah
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bangulzai
authors.forename: Jamila
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shuja
authors.forename: Hafiz Khush
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Naseeb
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jan
authors.forename: Illahi Bakhsh
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Marghazani
authors.forename: Masood-Ul-Haq
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Kakar
authors.forename: Dost Mohammad
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Baloch
authors.forename: Abdul Majeed
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cheema
authors.forename: Jamil
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D064447:Checkpoint Kinase 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D018389:Codon, Nonsense / Q000235:genetics*; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods; D010154:Pakistan
chemical_list: D018389:Codon, Nonsense; D064447:Checkpoint Kinase 2; C578634:CHEK2 protein, human