title: Efficacy of intravenous fluid warming during goal-directed fluid therapy in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical efficacy of intravenous (IV) fluid warming in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery were randomly assigned to receive either IV fluids at room temperature (control group) or warmed IV fluids (warm fluids group). Each patient received a standardized goal-directed fluid regimen based on stroke volume variances. Oesophageal temperature was measured at 15 min intervals for 2 h after induction of anaesthesia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 52 patients were enrolled in the study. The drop in core temperature in the warm fluids group was significantly less than in the control group 2 h after the induction of anaesthesia. This significant difference was seen from 30 min after induction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IV fluid warming was associated with a smaller drop in core temperature than room temperature IV fluids in laparoscopic colorectal surgery incorporating goal-directed fluid therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea dikei@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Duk-Kyung
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Bo
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Gyu-Hong
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D003107:Colorectal Surgery; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006040:Goals; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011182:Postoperative Care; D013696:Temperature; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Colorectal surgery; enhanced recovery after surgery; fluid warmer; goal-directed fluid therapy; hypothermia