title: Norovirus Infection: Replication, Manipulation of Host, and Interaction with the Host Immune Response.
abstract: Noroviruses (NoVs) belong to the Caliciviridae family of viruses and are responsible for causing the majority of gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide. In the past decade, research on NoV biology has intensified because of the discovery of murine NoV and subsequently the first cell culture system and small animal model for NoV replication and pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss the current literature on NoV biology, focusing particularly on NoV replication and the interaction between NoV and the host immune response. Understanding the NoV replication cycle and its interaction with cellular processes and innate immune immunity will help develop molecular targets to control human NoV infection and prevent outbreaks. In addition to the innate immune response, we have documented the current efforts to develop NoV vaccines to control outbreaks.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia .
authors.forename: Soroush T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Sarvestani
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia .|2 Department of Microbiology, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Australia .
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cotton
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia .
authors.forename: Svenja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fritzlar
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia .
authors.forename: Tanya B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: O'Donnell
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia .
authors.forename: Jason M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Mackenzie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D051379:Mice; D029322:Norovirus / Q000502:physiology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D014765:Viral Vaccines