title: Evaluation and optimisation of propofol pharmacokinetic parameters in cats for target-controlled infusion.
abstract: The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a pharmacokinetic model-driven infusion of propofol in premedicated cats. In a first step, propofol (10 mg/kg) was administered intravenously over 60 seconds to induce anaesthesia for the elective neutering of seven healthy cats, premedicated intramuscularly with 0.3 mg/kg methadone, 0.01 mg/kg medetomidine and 2 mg/kg ketamine. Venous blood samples were collected over 240 minutes, and propofol concentrations were measured via a validated high-performance liquid chromatography assay. Selected pharmacokinetic parameters, determined by a three-compartment open linear model, were entered into a computer-controlled infusion pump (target-controlled infusion-1 (TCI-1)). In a second step, TCI-1 was used to induce and maintain general anaesthesia in nine cats undergoing neutering. Predicted and measured plasma concentrations of propofol were compared at specific time points. In a third step, the pharmacokinetic parameters were modified according to the results from the use of TCI-1 and were evaluated again in six cats. For this TCI-2 group, the median values of median performance error and median absolute performance error were -1.85 per cent and 29.67 per cent, respectively, indicating that it performed adequately. Neither hypotension nor respiratory depression was observed during TCI-1 and TCI-2. Mean anaesthesia time and time to extubation in the TCI-2 group were 73.90 (±20.29) and 8.04 (±5.46) minutes, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padua 35020, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cattai
authors.affiliation: AHP-Animal Hospital PostojnaÂ, 6230 Postojna, Slovenia Centro Veterinario di Diagnostica per Immagini, Udine 0432, Italy.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pilla
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cagnardi
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zonca
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padua 35020, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Franci
mesh_terms: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D005260:Female; D007260:Infusion Pumps / Q000662:veterinary; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D015742:Propofol
keywords: Anaesthesia; Cats; Clinical practice; Drug administration; Pharmacokinetics