title: Diminution of the gut resistome after a gut microbiota-targeted dietary intervention in obese children.
abstract: The gut microbiome represents an important reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Effective methods are urgently needed for managing the gut resistome to fight against the antibiotic resistance threat. In this study, we show that a gut microbiota-targeted dietary intervention, which shifts the dominant fermentation of gut bacteria from protein to carbohydrate, significantly diminished the gut resistome and alleviated metabolic syndrome in obese children. Of the non-redundant metagenomic gene catalog of ~2 × 10(6) microbial genes, 399 ARGs were identified in 131 gene types and conferred resistance to 47 antibiotics. Both the richness and diversity of the gut resistome were significantly reduced after the intervention. A total of 201 of the 399 ARGs were carried in 120 co-abundance gene groups (CAGs) directly binned from the gene catalog across both pre-and post-intervention samples. The intervention significantly reduced several CAGs in Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Escherichia, which were the major hubs for multiple resistance gene types. Thus, dietary intervention may become a potentially effective method for diminishing the gut resistome.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic &Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Guojun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic &Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chenhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic &Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic &Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic &Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ruirui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic &Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic &Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Linghua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic &Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic &Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaojun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic &Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic &Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Menghui
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D002648:Child; D002681:China; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D004032:Diet; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D004754:Enterobacter / Q000235:genetics; D004925:Escherichia / Q000235:genetics; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D007709:Klebsiella / Q000235:genetics; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents