title: Paclitaxel inhibits the hyper-activation of spleen cells by lipopolysaccharide and induces cell death.
abstract: Paclitaxel was isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew,Taxus brevifolia, and used as an anticancer agent. Paclitaxel prevents cancer cell division by inhibiting spindle fiber function, inducing cell death. A recent study demonstrated that paclitaxel binds to myeloid differentiation protein-2 of Toll-like receptor 4 and prevents the signal transduction of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Paclitaxel converts immune cells hypo-responsive to LPS. In this study, we investigated whether paclitaxel can inhibit the phenotype and function of immune cells. To accomplish this, we used spleen cells, a major type of immune cell, LPS, a representative inflammatory agent and a mitogen for B lymphocytes. LPS profoundly increased the activation and cytokine production of spleen cells. However, paclitaxel significantly inhibited LPS-induced hyper-activation of spleen cells. Furthermore, we found that paclitaxel induced cell death of LPS-treated spleen cells. These results suggest that paclitaxel can inhibit the hyper-immune response of LPS in spleen cells via a variety of mechanisms. These findings suggest that paclitaxel can be used as a modulating agent for diseases induced by hyper-activation of B lymphocytes. Taken together, these results demonstrate that paclitaxel inhibits the function of spleen cells activated by LPS, and further induces cell death.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Ji
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
authors.forename: Hong-Gu
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Joo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D017239:Paclitaxel
keywords: cell death; hyper-activation; lipopolysaccharide; paclitaxel; spleen cells