title: Poverty, Stress, and Brain Development: New Directions for Prevention and Intervention.
abstract: We review some of the growing evidence of the costs of poverty to children's neuroendocrine function, early brain development, and cognitive ability. We underscore the importance of addressing the negative consequences of poverty-related adversity early in children's lives, given evidence supporting the plasticity of executive functions and associated physiologic processes in response to early intervention and the importance of higher order cognitive functions for success in school and in life. Finally, we highlight some new directions for prevention and intervention that are rapidly emerging at the intersection of developmental science, pediatrics, child psychology and psychiatry, and public policy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Psychology, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY. Electronic address: clancy.blair@nyu.edu.
authors.forename: Clancy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Blair
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Psychology, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY.
authors.forename: C Cybele
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Raver
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001921:Brain / Q000254:growth & development*; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003071:Cognition; D018479:Early Intervention, Educational; D056344:Executive Function; D006801:Humans; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000378:metabolism; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016487:Parenting; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000378:metabolism; D011203:Poverty / Q000523:psychology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: brain development; early childhood; executive function; infancy; parenting; poverty; stress