title: Fetal gender is not associated with either gestational diabetes mellitus or placental weight: A cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study assessed whether male fetal gender increases the risk of maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and investigated the association with placental weight.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 20,149 women without pregestational diabetes who delivered singletons at our hospital between January 2002 and December 2010. There was universal screening for GDM, and all placentas were weighed at delivery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GDM (affecting 14.2% of women) was not associated with fetal gender (male fetuses in women without and with GDM: 51.8% vs. 51.7%, respectively; P=0.957), and remained likewise after logistic-regression analysis of risk factors for GDM (OR: 1.007, 95% CI: 0.930-1.091; P=0.858). Placental weights were 600±126g, 596±123g, 584±118g and 587±181g in women with GDM/female, GDM/male, no GDM/female and no GDM/male fetuses, respectively (GDM effect: P=0.017; gender effect: P=0.41; GDM * gender effect: P=0.16).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results suggest that fetal gender is not associated with GDM and, while placental weights were higher in cases of GDM, there were still no gender effects.
authors.affiliation: Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, AP-HP, Jean-Verdier Hospital, Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, 93000 Bondy, France; Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR U1153 Inserm, U11125 Inra, CNAM, Université Paris13, Unité de Recherche Épidémiologique Nutritionnelle, Bobigny, France. Electronic address: emmanuel.cosson@jvr.aphp.fr.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cosson
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Unité de Recherche Clinique Lariboisière Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diallo
authors.affiliation: Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, AP-HP, Jean-Verdier Hospital, Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, 93000 Bondy, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Docan
authors.affiliation: Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, AP-HP, Jean-Verdier Hospital, Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, 93000 Bondy, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sandre-Banon
authors.affiliation: Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, AP-HP, Jean-Verdier Hospital, Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, 93000 Bondy, France.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Banu
authors.affiliation: Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, AP-HP, Jean-Verdier Hospital, Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, 93000 Bondy, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cussac-Pillegand
authors.affiliation: Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, AP-HP, Jean-Verdier Hospital, Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, 93000 Bondy, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chiheb
authors.affiliation: Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, AP-HP, Jean-Verdier Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 93000 Bondy, France.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pharisien
authors.affiliation: Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, AP-HP, Jean-Verdier Hospital, Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, CRNH-IdF, CINFO, 93000 Bondy, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Valensi
authors.affiliation: Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, AP-HP, Jean-Verdier Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 93000 Bondy, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carbillon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D010920:Placenta / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Fetal gender; Gestational diabetes mellitus; Placenta