title: Effect of cuticular waxes compounds from table grapes on growth, germination and gene expression in Botrytis cinerea.
abstract: Botrytis cinerea attacks a broad range of host causing significant economic losses in the worldwide fruit export industry. Hitherto, many studies have focused on the penetration mechanisms used by this phytopathogen, but little is known about the early stages of infection, especially those such as adhesion and germination. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of cuticular waxes compounds from table grapes on growth, germination and gene expression of B. cinerea. To accomplish this, growth was analyzed using as substrate n-alkanes extracted from waxes of fresh fruit (table grapes, blueberries and apricots). Subsequently, the main compounds of table grape waxes, oleanolic acid (OA) and n-fatty alcohols, were mixed to generate a matrix on which conidia of B. cinerea were added to assess their effect on germination and expression of bctub, bchtr and bchex genes. B. cinerea B05.10, isolated from grapes, increased its growth on a matrix composed by table grapes n-alkanes in comparison to a matrix made with n-alkanes from apricot or blueberries. Moreover, at 2.5 h, B05.10 germination increased 17 and 33 % in presence of n-alkanes from table grape, in comparison to conditions without alkanes or with blueberries alkanes, respectively. Finally, expression of bchtr and bchex showed a significant increase during the first hour after contact with n-fatty alcohols and OA. In conclusion, B. cinerea displays selectivity towards certain compounds found in host waxes, mainly n-fatty alcohols, which could be a good candidate to control this phytopathogen in early stages of infection.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autonoma de Chile y Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Silva-Moreno
authors.affiliation: Postharvest Laboratory, Center of Plant Biotechnology, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. República 217, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Jocelyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brito-Echeverría
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. República 217, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: López
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. República 217, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ríos
authors.affiliation: Postharvest Laboratory, Center of Plant Biotechnology, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. República 217, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Iván
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Balic
authors.affiliation: Postharvest Laboratory, Center of Plant Biotechnology, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. República 217, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Reinaldo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Campos-Vargas
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. República 217, Santiago, Chile. rpolanco@unab.cl.
authors.forename: Rubén
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Polanco
mesh_terms: D020171:Botrytis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*; D014885:Waxes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014885:Waxes
keywords: Botrytis cinerea; Cuticular waxes; Early gene expression; Germination; n-Alkanes; n-Fatty alcohols