title: Predicting Functional Recovery in Chronic Stroke Rehabilitation Using Event-Related Desynchronization-Synchronization during Robot-Assisted Movement.
abstract: Although rehabilitation robotics seems to be a promising therapy in the rehabilitation of the upper limb in stroke patients, consensus is still lacking on its additive effects. Therefore, there is a need for determining the possible success of robotic interventions on selected patients, which in turn determine the necessity for new investigating instruments supporting the treatment decision-making process and customization. The objective of the work presented in this preliminary study was to verify that fully robot assistance would not affect the physiological oscillatory cortical activity related to a functional movement in healthy subjects. Further, the clinical results following the robotic treatment of a chronic stroke patient, who positively reacted to the robotic intervention, were analyzed and discussed. First results show that there is no difference in EEG activation pattern between assisted and no-assisted movement in healthy subjects. Even more importantly, the patient's pretreatment EEG activation pattern in no-assisted movement was completely altered, while it recovered to a quasi-physiological one in robot-assisted movement. The functional improvement following treatment was large. Using pretreatment EEG recording during robot-assisted movement might be a valid approach to assess the potential ability of the patient for recovering.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Industrial Technology and Automation (ITIA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy; University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9756-888X
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caimmi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurophysiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1399-2630
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Visani
authors.affiliation: Villa Beretta Rehabilitation Center, Via Nazario Sauro 17, 23845 Costa Masnaga, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3857-0426
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Digiacomo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Industrial Technology and Automation (ITIA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1896-9325
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scano
authors.affiliation: Institute of Industrial Technology and Automation (ITIA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6475-6374
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chiavenna
authors.affiliation: Villa Beretta Rehabilitation Center, Via Nazario Sauro 17, 23845 Costa Masnaga, Italy.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gramigna
authors.affiliation: Institute of Industrial Technology and Automation (ITIA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8541-3546
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Molinari Tosatti
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurophysiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Franceschetti
authors.affiliation: Villa Beretta Rehabilitation Center, Via Nazario Sauro 17, 23845 Costa Masnaga, Italy.
authors.forename: Franco
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0620-6996
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Molteni
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurophysiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Ferruccio
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0105-943X
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Panzica
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*; D012371:Robotics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D020521:Stroke / Q000503:physiopathology; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult