title: Split Bregman multicoil accelerated reconstruction technique: A new framework for rapid reconstruction of cardiac perfusion MRI.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Rapid reconstruction of undersampled multicoil MRI data with iterative constrained reconstruction method is a challenge. The authors sought to develop a new substitution based variable splitting algorithm for faster reconstruction of multicoil cardiac perfusion MRI data.
  
  
  METHODS
  The new method, split Bregman multicoil accelerated reconstruction technique (SMART), uses a combination of split Bregman based variable splitting and iterative reweighting techniques to achieve fast convergence. Total variation constraints are used along the spatial and temporal dimensions. The method is tested on nine ECG-gated dog perfusion datasets, acquired with a 30-ray golden ratio radial sampling pattern and ten ungated human perfusion datasets, acquired with a 24-ray golden ratio radial sampling pattern. Image quality and reconstruction speed are evaluated and compared to a gradient descent (GD) implementation and to multicoil k-t SLR, a reconstruction technique that uses a combination of sparsity and low rank constraints.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparisons based on blur metric and visual inspection showed that SMART images had lower blur and better texture as compared to the GD implementation. On average, the GD based images had an ∼18% higher blur metric as compared to SMART images. Reconstruction of dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) cardiac perfusion images using the SMART method was ∼6 times faster than standard gradient descent methods. k-t SLR and SMART produced images with comparable image quality, though SMART was ∼6.8 times faster than k-t SLR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SMART method is a promising approach to reconstruct good quality multicoil images from undersampled DCE cardiac perfusion data rapidly.
authors.affiliation: Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112; Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute (SCI), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112; and UCAIR, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108.
authors.forename: Srikant
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamesh Iyer
authors.affiliation: Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 and Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute (SCI), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112.
authors.forename: Tolga
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tasdizen
authors.affiliation: Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 and UCAIR, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108.
authors.forename: Devavrat
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Likhite
authors.affiliation: UCAIR, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108.
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: DiBella
mesh_terms: D000054:Acceleration; D000818:Animals; D055424:Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques; D004285:Dogs; D006321:Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D055420:Perfusion Imaging; D013997:Time Factors