title: Comparative transcriptome analyses of seven anurans reveal functions and adaptations of amphibian skin.
abstract: Animal skin, which is the tissue that directly contacts the external surroundings, has evolved diverse functions to adapt to various environments. Amphibians represent the transitional taxon from aquatic to terrestrial life. Exploring the molecular basis of their skin function and adaptation is important to understand the survival and evolutionary mechanisms of vertebrates. However, comprehensive studies on the molecular mechanisms of skin functions in amphibians are scarce. In this study, we sequenced the skin transcriptomes of seven anurans belonging to three families and compared the similarities and differences in expressed genes and proteins. Unigenes and pathways related to basic biological processes and special functions, such as defense, immunity, and respiration, were enriched in functional annotations. A total of 108 antimicrobial peptides were identified. The highly expressed genes were similar in species of the same family but were different among families. Additionally, the positively selected orthologous groups were involved in biosynthesis, metabolism, immunity, and defense processes. This study is the first to generate extensive transcriptome data for the skin of seven anurans and provides unigenes and pathway candidates for further studies on amphibian skin function and adaptation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyulu, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430079, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyulu, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430079, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyulu, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430079, China.
authors.forename: Housseni
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Anboukaria
authors.affiliation: Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyulu, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430079, China.
authors.forename: Zhenhua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyulu, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430079, China.
authors.forename: Mian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Evolution and Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyulu, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430079, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D029845:Amphibian Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000235:genetics; D001001:Anura / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA / Q000379:methods*; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D029845:Amphibian Proteins; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides