title: Potential of non-mulberry silk protein fibroin blended and grafted poly(Є-caprolactone) nanofibrous matrices for in vivo bone regeneration.
abstract: An in vivo investigation is conducted to evaluate effectiveness of poly(Є-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibrous matrices, with non-mulberry silk fibroin (NSF) (from Antheraea mylitta) inclusion, for bone tissue engineering. Inclusion is achieved by either blending NSF with PCL prior to electrospinning substrates or by grafting NSF onto electrospun PCL substrates. Proceeding from our previous in vitro results, showing that NSF grafted matrices have an edge when it comes to aiding cellular adhesion and proliferation, animal trials using rabbits are planned. As this is first in vivo trial of nanofibrous scaffolds with silk fibroin from A. mylitta, aim is to both evaluate the grafted and blended scaffolds independently and compare the method of silk fibroin introduction into the nanofibrous structures. The scaffolds are implanted at bone defect site in distal metaphysis region of the rabbits' femur. Host tissue immuno-compatibility of implants is assessed from measurements of IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α level through 4 weeks after implantation. Barring an initial inflammatory response, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α levels fall back at baseline values in 2 or 4 weeks, thus confirming long term compatibility. Substantial interfacial bonding strength between grafts and host bone is evidenced from mechanical push-out test. Formation of bone tissue for both implant varieties is confirmed using histological and radiological examinations along with fluorochrome labelling and scanning electron microscopy. Significantly better bone formation is observed for NSF grafted matrices. The cumulative results from in vivo tests indicate suitability of NSF grafted PCL nanofibrous matrix as an ECM for bone repair and regrowth.
authors.affiliation: Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India. Electronic address: promitabhatt@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Promita
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhattacharjee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.
authors.forename: Deboki
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Naskar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.
authors.forename: Tapas K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Maiti
authors.affiliation: Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India.
authors.forename: Debasis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bhattacharya
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata 700037, India.
authors.forename: Piyali
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata 700037, India. Electronic address: samitnandi1967@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Samit Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Nandi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India; Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, South Korea.
authors.forename: Subhas C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kundu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D005269:Femur / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D005349:Fibroins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D009036:Moths / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D011817:Rabbits; D013718:Tensile Strength; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015850:Interleukin-6; D011091:Polyesters; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C016240:polycaprolactone; D005349:Fibroins
keywords: Bone regeneration; In vivo; Non-mulberry silk fibroin protein; Poly(Є-caprolactone)