title: [Nutrition for diabetic patients].
abstract: Evidence demonstrates that medical diabetes treatment has to be accompanied by lifestyle modifications. Structured nutrition interventions and increased physical activity will help patients to normalise, respectively maintain their body weight. The main target of a diabetes therapy is aimed at achieving normal or nearly normal blood glucose levels. Reaching this goal may be facilitated by the following nutritional patterns: Using mainly carbohydrates from vegetables, whole grains, legumes and fruits, Restriction of mono- and disaccharides are often important factors in normalising body weight and blood glucose, Reduction of dietary fat could be indicated. However, the primary goal is the limitation of saturated fatty acids which to high percentage are consumed with animal products. There is not sufficient evidence to recommend a dietary protein consumption of more than 20% of energy intake. Individuals with diabetes should be aware of the importance of acquiring daily vitamin and mineral requirements. Natural food sources should be preferred.
authors.affiliation: Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich. karin.schindler@meduniwien.ac.at.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schindler
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Abteilung mit Diabetologie, Endokrinologie und Nephrologie, Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Wien, Österreich.
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brix
authors.affiliation: SIPCAN Institut, Salzburg, Österreich.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dämon
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Innere Medizin, Krankenhaus der Barmherzigen Brüder Salzburg, Salzburg, Österreich.|SIPCAN Institut, Salzburg, Österreich.
authors.forename: Friedrich
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hoppichler
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Abteilung mit Diabetologie, Endokrinologie und Nephrologie, Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Wien, Österreich.
authors.forename: Renate
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kruschitz
authors.affiliation: Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin, Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz, Österreich.
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toplak
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Abteilung mit Diabetologie, Endokrinologie und Nephrologie, Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Wien, Österreich.
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ludvik
mesh_terms: D001317:Austria; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004035:Diet Therapy / Q000592:standards*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000592:standards*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Body weight; Dietary carbohydrates; Dietary fats; Dietary protein; Micronutrients