title: Comparative study on the immunopotentiator effect of ISA 201, ISA 61, ISA 50, ISA 206 used in trivalent foot and mouth disease vaccine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A comparison study was conducted to explore the best internationally available adjuvant that could be used in production of a highly potent foot and mouth disease (FMD) vaccine, that could stimulate a strong immune response and possibly give greater protection against FMD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four experimental batches of trivalent FMD vaccine were prepared with different available oil adjuvants which included Montanide ISA 201, 206, 61 and 50.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicated that vaccines emulsified using Montanide ISA 201 and Montanide ISA 206 adjuvants elicited a protective humoral immune response from the 2(nd) week postvaccination (WPV) as for ISA 201 with serum neutralization test (SNT) and enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) antibody titers of 1.62±0.047(a) and 1.8±0.049(a), 1.59±0.076(a) and 1.836±0.077(a), and 1.71±0.06(b) and 1.96±0.074(b) for serotypes O, A, SAT2, respectively, and for ISA 206 at SNT and ELISA antibody titers of 1.5±0.082(a) and 1.84±0.084(a), 1.56±0.037(a) and 1.818±0.052(a), and 1.5±0.106(a,b) and 1.81±0.104(a,b) for FMD virus serotypes O, A and SAT2, respectively. For ISA 61 and ISA 50, the protective antibody titer appeared in the 3(rd) WPV. In the ISA 61 FMD vaccine, SNT and ELISA titer were 1.59±0.076(a) and 1.9±0.094(a), 1.53±0.056(a) and 1.83±0.070(a), and 1.5±0.082(a) and 1.84±0.094(a) for serotypes O, A and SAT2, respectively, and in the case of ISA 50 FMD vaccine, the SNT, and ELISA titer were recorded for serotypes O, A and SAT2 respectively, 1.59±0.037(a) and 1.8±0.030(a), 1.68±0.056(a,b) and 1.916±0.065(a,b), and 1.65±0.082(a) and 1.9±0.09(a). On estimating the cellular immune response, the highest delta optical density levels for ISA 201 (0.395-0.460) and ISA 206 (0.375-0.428) were observed on 14 and 21 days post vaccination (DPV) respectively, while the highest levels of lymphoproliferation for ISA 61 (0.375-0.455) and ISA 50 (0.411-0.430) were on 21 and 28 DPV, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The duration of immunity from Montanide ISA oils (201, 206, 61 and 50) FMD vaccines is a long-lived immunity which ranged between 32 and 38 weeks post vaccination but the Montanide ISA 201 FMD vaccine is superior to the others in the rapid cellular immune response of the vaccinated animals which showed its highest level within 14 days post vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ehab El-Sayed
authors.initials: Eel-S
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.affiliation: Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Wael Mossad
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Gamal
authors.affiliation: Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Amr Ismail
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Safy El-Din
authors.initials: Sel-D
authors.lastname: Mahdy
authors.affiliation: Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Akram Zakria
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Hegazy
authors.affiliation: Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Magdy Mahmoud
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Abdel-Atty
keywords: ELISA; FMD Montanide ISA vaccines; SNT; cellular immunity