title: External Validation of a risk stratification model to assist shared decision making for patients starting renal replacement therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Shared decision making is nowadays acknowledged as an essential step when deciding on starting renal replacement therapy. Valid risk stratification of prognosis is, besides discussing quality of life, crucial in this regard. We intended to validate a recently published risk stratification model in a large cohort of incident patients starting renal replacement therapy in Flanders.
  
  
  METHODS
  During 3 years (2001-2003), the data set collected for the Nederlandstalige Belgische Vereniging voor Nefrologie (NBVN) registry was expanded with parameters of comorbidity. For all incident patients, the abbreviated REIN score(aREIN), being the REIN score without the parameter "mobility", was calculated, and prognostication of mortality at 3, 6 and 12 month after start of renal replacement therapy (RRT) was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three thousand four hundred seventy-two patients started RRT in Flanders during the observation period (mean age 67.6 ± 14.3, 56.7 % men, 33.6 % diabetes). The mean aREIN score was 4.1 ± 2.8, and 56.8, 23.1, 12.6 and 7.4 % of patients had a score of ≤4, 5-6, 7-8 or ≥9 respectively. Mortality at 3, 6 and 12 months was 8.6, 14.1 and 19.6 % in the overall and 13.2, 21.5 and 31.9 % in the group with age >75 respectively. In RoC analysis, the aREIN score had an AUC of 0.74 for prediction of survival at 3, 6 and 12 months. There was an incremental increase in mortality with the aREIN score from 5.6 to 45.8 % mortality at 6 months for those with a score ≤4 or ≥9 respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The aREIN score is a useful tool to predict short term prognosis of patients starting renal replacement therapy as based on comorbidity and age, and delivers meaningful discrimination between low and high risk populations. As such, it can be a useful instrument to be incorporated in shared decision making on whether or not start of dialysis is worthwhile.
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Department Of Internal Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Peeters
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Department Of Internal Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. wim.vanbiesen@ugent.be.
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Van Biesen
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Department Of Internal Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Nic
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Veys
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Imelda Ziekenhuis, Bonheiden, Belgium.
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lemahieu
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Jessa Hospital, Hasselt, Belgium.
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: De Moor
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, AZ Nikolaas, St-Niklaas, Belgium.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Meester
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000453:epidemiology; D001530:Belgium; D015897:Comorbidity; D003657:Decision Making; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011788:Quality of Life; D012042:Registries; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods*; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D015996:Survival Rate