title: Surveillance of Wisconsin Antibacterial Susceptibility Patterns.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antimicrobial resistance presents a threat to quality patient care. Knowledge of localantibacterial susceptibility patterns can guide clinicians in empiric antibacterial administration andassist pharmacists and infectious disease physicians in development of appropriate therapeutic pathways.
  
  
  METHODS
  To characterize Wisconsin antibacterial susceptibility patterns and elucidate geographicor temporal variation in antibacterial resistance, a retrospective, observational analysis of antibiogram data was performed. Seventy-two members of the Wisconsin Clinical Laboratory Network(WCLN) submitted antibiograms describing clinically significant isolates tested in calendar year 2013 to the WCLN Laboratory Technical Advisory Group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the context of commonly reported antibacterial agents, data were compiled for approximately 75,800 isolates of Escherichia coi; 13,300 Klebsiella pneumoniae; 6300 Proteus mirobilis;2800 Enterobacter cloacae; 8400 Pseudomonas aeruginosa; 30,000 S aureus; 11,200 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp; and 13,800 Enterococcus spp. P mirobilis isolates from northern Wisconsin were more likely to demonstrate resistance than those in the southern region. In contrast, P aeruginosa isolates from southern Wisconsin had decreased susceptibility to a number ofagents when compared to other regions. Temporal trending in decreased E coli and P mirabilis susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole was observed. Increased methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus oureus (MRSA) rates were observed in northwest and southeastWisconsin. In general, northeast Wisconsin exhibited less frequency of antibacterial resistance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Geographic variation exists with respect to antibacterial resistance, particularly inareas of Wisconsin adjacent to large population centers of neighboring states. Antibacterial surveillance in Wisconsin is indicated on a regular basis to assess emerging trends in antibacterial resistance. Existing WCLN infrastructure allows for such investigations.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Munson
authors.forename: Timothy K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Block
authors.forename: Erin J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Bowles
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Costello
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dern
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Fritsche
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Helgesen
authors.forename: Joshua L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kropp
authors.forename: Raymond P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Podzorski
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Siebers
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Simmons
authors.forename: Mary A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Frances
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Spray
authors.forename: Tam T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Van
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Warshauer
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014922:Wisconsin
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents