title: Relationship between the lesion location of acute ischemic stroke and early depressive symptoms in Japanese patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Approximately one-third of stroke survivors suffer from post-stroke depression (PSD) in the acute or chronic stages. The presence of PSD in the acute stage after stroke is reportedly associated with poor patient prognosis; therefore, early recognition and treatment of PSD may alleviate these consequences. The aim of the current study was to examine the relationship between the lesion location and the presence of early depressive symptoms after acute ischemic stroke in Japanese patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our study included 421 patients who suffered from acute ischemic stroke. On the day of admission, the lesion location was determined using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Stroke severity was measured on the seventh day of hospitalization withat the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). On the tenth day of hospitalization, depressive symptoms were measured and functional assessments were performed with the Japan Stroke Scale (Depression Scale) (JSS-D) and functional independence measure (FIM), respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 71 subjects (16.9 %) were diagnosed with depression. According to the multiple logistic regression analysis, the infarcts located at frontal and temporal lobes were found to be a significant independent risk factor of early depressive symptoms in the acute stage of stroke.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients suffering from acute ischemic stroke, particularly in the frontal and temporal lobes, should be carefully assessed to detect and treat early depressive symptoms; such treatment may improve patient outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Hirosaki Stroke and Rehabilitation Center, Hirosaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Norifumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Metoki
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, 036-8562 Aomori Japan.
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sugawara
authors.affiliation: Hirosaki Stroke and Rehabilitation Center, Hirosaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Joji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hagii
authors.affiliation: Hirosaki Stroke and Rehabilitation Center, Hirosaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Hirosaki Stroke and Rehabilitation Center, Hirosaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shiroto
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, 036-8562 Aomori Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.affiliation: Hirosaki Stroke and Rehabilitation Center, Hirosaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yasujima
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okumura
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, 036-8562 Aomori Japan.
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yasui-Furukori