title: Alternate-Day High-Fat Diet Induces an Increase in Mitochondrial Enzyme Activities and Protein Content in Rat Skeletal Muscle.
abstract: Long-term high-fat diet increases muscle mitochondrial enzyme activity and endurance performance. However, excessive calorie intake causes intra-abdominal fat accumulation and metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an alternating day high-fat diet on muscle mitochondrial enzyme activities, protein content, and intra-abdominal fat mass in rats. Male Wistar rats were given a standard chow diet (CON), high-fat diet (HFD), or alternate-day high-fat diet (ALT) for 4 weeks. Rats in the ALT group were fed a high-fat diet and standard chow every other day for 4 weeks. After the dietary intervention, mitochondrial enzyme activities and protein content in skeletal muscle were measured. Although body weight did not differ among groups, the epididymal fat mass in the HFD group was higher than those of the CON and ALT groups. Citrate synthase and beta-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase activities in the plantaris muscle of rats in HFD and ALT were significantly higher than that in CON rats, whereas there was no difference between HFD and ALT groups. No significant difference was observed in muscle glycogen concentration or glucose transporter-4 protein content among the three groups. These results suggest that an alternate-day high-fat diet induces increases in mitochondrial enzyme activities and protein content in rat skeletal muscle without intra-abdominal fat accumulation.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15, Mikajima, Tokorozawa city, Saitama 359-1192, Japan. linokoto@akane.waseda.jp.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15, Mikajima, Tokorozawa city, Saitama 359-1192, Japan. higashida.k@shc.usp.ac.jp.|Institute of Advanced Active Aging Research, Waseda University, 2-579-15, Mikajima, Tokorozawa city, Saitama 359-1192, Japan. higashida.k@shc.usp.ac.jp.|Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The University of Shiga Prefecture, 2500 Hassaka-Cho, Hikone city, Shiga 522-8533, Japan. higashida.k@shc.usp.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Higashida
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15, Mikajima, Tokorozawa city, Saitama 359-1192, Japan. takuji@toki.waseda.jp.
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15, Mikajima, Tokorozawa city, Saitama 359-1192, Japan. mhiguchi@waseda.jp.|Institute of Advanced Active Aging Research, Waseda University, 2-579-15, Mikajima, Tokorozawa city, Saitama 359-1192, Japan. mhiguchi@waseda.jp.
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Higuchi
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; C501429:Ppargc1a protein, rat; D006003:Glycogen
keywords: alternate-day; high-fat diet; mitochondria; rat; skeletal muscle