title: Relationship of the American Heart Association's Impact Goals (Life's Simple 7) With Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease: Results From the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Cohort Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As part of its 2020 Impact Goals, the American Heart Association developed the Life's Simple 7 metric for cardiovascular health promotion. The relationship between the Life's Simple 7 metric and incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) is unknown.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We estimated the association between Life's Simple 7 and incident CKD in 14 832 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study participants. Ideal levels of Life's Simple 7 health factors were the following: nonsmoker or quit >1 year ago; body mass index <25 kg/m(2); ≥150 minutes/week of physical activity; healthy dietary pattern (high in fruits and vegetables, fish, and fiber-rich whole grains; low in sodium and sugar-sweetened beverages); total cholesterol <200 mg/dL; blood pressure <120/80 mm Hg; and fasting blood glucose <100 mg/dL. At baseline, mean age was 54 years, 55% were women, and 26% were African American. There were 2743 incident CKD cases over a median follow-up of 22 years. Smoking, body mass index, physical activity, blood pressure, and blood glucose were associated with CKD risk (all P<0.01), but diet and blood cholesterol were not. CKD risk was inversely related to the number of ideal health factors (P-trend<0.001). A model containing the Life's Simple 7 health factors was more predictive of CKD risk than the base model including only age, sex, race, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (Life's Simple 7 health factors area under the ROC curve: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.72, 0.74 versus base model area under the ROC curve: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.67, 0.69; P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The AHA's Life's Simple 7 metric, developed to measure and promote cardiovascular health, predicts a lower risk of CKD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD crebhol1@jhu.edu.
authors.forename: Casey M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Rebholz
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA.
authors.forename: Cheryl A M
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.affiliation: Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Morgan E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Grams
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA.
authors.forename: Lydia A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Bazzano
authors.affiliation: Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Deidra C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Crews
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA.
authors.forename: Alex R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Coresh
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Lawrence J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Appel
mesh_terms: D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006040:Goals; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012955:Societies, Medical; D014481:United States
keywords: epidemiology; kidney; lifestyle; prevention; risk factors