title: Comparison and Validation of 10 Equations Including a Novel Method for Estimation of LDL-cholesterol in a 168,212 Asian Population.
abstract: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is frequently estimated using the empirical Friedewald equation. We compared the accuracy of the novel equation named as the 180-cell method (180-c), which estimates LDL-C using a stratification approach, to those of 9 previously suggested formulas, including the Friedewald equation.We compared the accuracy of 10 equations by calculating intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and weighted kappa index in relation to direct LDL-C measurement values. Two independent populations used in the validation were the Severance Hospital LDL-C (SHL) registry (n = 164,358) and the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2009 to 2010 (n = 3,854), each representing the hospital patient population and the general Korean population, respectively.The 180-c and DeLong equations showed the highest ICCs, indicating the best agreement with direct LDL-C measurement. The 180-c and Chen equations showed the highest kappa indices. For the hypertriglyceridemic subpopulation from SHL, the 180-c equation showed the best agreement with direct LDL-C measurement in terms of ICC.We compared the novel 180-c method for LDL-C estimation with 9 previous formulas in a non-US population as the first external validation. The 180-c equation, with Chen equation, appeared to be more accurate than the Friedewald equation. Although the DeLong equation showed better performance in the hypertriglyceridemic subpopulation, the 180-c equation performed appropriately in Asian population.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (JHR, J-HK, S-GL), Department of Medicine (JHR), Department of Internal Medicine (Y-hL, B-WL, ESK, HCL, BSC), Department of Preventive Medicine (MHL), and Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (HYK, JC).
authors.forename: John Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Rim
authors.forename: Yong-Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Myung Ha
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ha Yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jiin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Byung-Wan
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eun Seok
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Hyun Chul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jeong-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sang-Guk
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Bong-Soo
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Cha
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055641:Mathematical Concepts; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL