title: Current approach to diagnosis and treatment of delirium after cardiac surgery.
abstract: Delirium after cardiac surgery remains a common occurrence that results in significant short- and long-term morbidity and mortality. It continues to be underdiagnosed given its complex presentation and multifactorial etiology; however, its prevalence is increasing given the aging cardiac surgical population. This review highlights the perioperative risk factors, tools to assist in diagnosing delirium, and current pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapy options.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Adam S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Menachem M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.forename: Rakesh C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Arora
authors.forename: Insung
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Ranjit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Deshpande
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Varghese
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Augoustides
authors.forename: Harish
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ramakrishna
mesh_terms: D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003693:Delirium / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors