title: Dietary supplementation of green synthesized manganese-oxide nanoparticles and its effect on growth performance, muscle composition and digestive enzyme activities of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii.
abstract: The green synthesized Mn3O4 nanoparticles (manganese-oxide nanoparticles) using Ananas comosus (L.) peel extract was characterized by various techniques. HR-SEM photograph showed that manganese-oxide nanoparticles (Mn-oxide NPs) were spherical in shape, with an average size of 40-50 nm. The Zeta potential revealed the surface charge of Mn-oxide NPs to be negative. Further, the Mn-oxide NPs were dietary supplemented for freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. The experimental basal diets were supplemented with Mn-oxide NPs at the rates of 0 (control), 3.0, 6.0, 9.0, 12, 15 and 18 mg/kg dry feed weight. The as-supplemented Mn-oxide NPs were fed in M. rosenbergii for a period of 90 days. The experimental study demonstrated that prawns fed with diet supplemented with 3-18 mg Mn-oxide NPs/kg shows enhanced (P<0.05) growth performance, including final weight and weight gain (WG). Significant differences (P<0.05) in feed conversion ratio (FCR) were observed in prawn fed with different diets. Additionally, prawns fed with 3.0-18 mg/kg Mn-oxide NPs supplemented diets achieved significant (P<0.05) improvement in growth performance, digestive enzyme activities and muscle biochemical compositions, while, the prawns fed with 16 mg/kg of Mn-oxide NPs showed enhanced performance. Prawns fed on diet supplemented with 16 mg/kg Mn-oxide NPs showed significantly (P<0.05) higher total protein level. The antioxidants enzymatic activity (SOD and CAT) metabolic enzymes status in muscle and hepatopancreas showed no significant (P>0.05) alterations in prawns fed with 3.0-18 mg/kg of Mn-oxide NPs supplemented diets. Consequently, the present work proposed that 16 mg/kg of Mn-oxide NPs could be supplemented for flexible enhanced survival, growth and production of M. rosenbergii. Therefore, the data of the present study recommend the addition of 16 mg/kg of Mn-oxide NPs diet to developed prawn growth and antioxidant defense system.
authors.affiliation: Crustacean Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: asai.protein@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Annamalai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asaikkutti
authors.affiliation: Crustacean Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Periyakali Saravana
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Bhavan
authors.affiliation: Proteomics and Molecular Cell Physiology, Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: vimala5484@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Karuppaiya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vimala
authors.affiliation: Crustacean Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Madhayan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karthik
authors.affiliation: Division of Insect Endocrinology, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Kerala 673 635, India.
authors.forename: Praseeja
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cheruparambath
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects*; D000067493:Dynamic Light Scattering; D005618:Fresh Water; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology / Q000379:methods*; D017895:Manganese Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010087:Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D033541:Palaemonidae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development*; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017895:Manganese Compounds; D008903:Minerals; D010087:Oxides; C027424:manganese oxide
keywords: Antioxidant defense enzymes; Biochemical constituents; Growth; Macrobrachium rosenbergii; Mn-oxide nanoparticles