title: Activated carbon from pyrolysed sugarcane bagasse: Silver nanoparticle modification and ecotoxicity assessment.
abstract: Activated carbon from pyrolysed sugarcane bagasse (ACPB) presented pore size ranges from 1.0 to 3.5nm, and surface area between 1200 and 1400m(2)g(-1) that is higher than commonly observed to commercial activated carbon. The ACPB material was successfully loaded with of silver nanoparticles with diameter around 35nm (0.81wt.%). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses showed that the material surface contains metallic/Ag(0) (93.60wt.%) and ionic/Ag(+) states (6.40wt.%). The adsorption capacity of organic model molecules (i.e. methylene blue and phenol) was very efficient to ACPB and ACPB loaded with silver nanoparticles (ACPB-AgNP), indicating that the material modification with silver nanoparticles has not altered its adsorption capacity. ACPB-AgNP inhibited bacteria growth (Escherichia coli), it is a promising advantage for the use of these materials in wastewater treatment and water purification processes. However, ACPB-AgNP showed environmental risks, with toxic effect to the aquatic organism Hydra attenuata (i.e. LC50 value of 1.94mgL(-1)), and it suppressed root development of Lycopersicum esculentum plant (tomato). Finally, this work draw attention for the environmental implications of activated carbon materials modified with silver nanoparticles.
authors.affiliation: Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), CEP 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: suely.goncalves@lnnano.cnpem.br.
authors.forename: Suely Patrícia C
authors.initials: SPC
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), CEP 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strauss
authors.affiliation: Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), CEP 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabrício S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Delite
authors.affiliation: Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), CEP 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Biosafety, Embrapa, CEP 13820-000 Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Zaira
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Clemente
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Biosafety, Embrapa, CEP 13820-000 Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vera L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.affiliation: Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), CEP 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil; School of Technology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), CEP 13484-332 Limeira, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: diego.martinez@lnnano.cnpem.br.
authors.forename: Diego Stéfani T
authors.initials: DST
authors.lastname: Martinez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006829:Hydra / Q000187:drug effects*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000187:drug effects*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D031786:Saccharum / Q000737:chemistry*; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute
chemical_list: D002606:Charcoal; D012834:Silver; D002482:Cellulose; C027433:bagasse
keywords: Econanotoxicology; Functionalization; Metallic nanoparticles; Nanomaterials; Porous carbon