title: How healthy is community-dwelling elderly population? Results from Southern Italy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the frequency of polypharmacy, functional and cognitive capacity among the elderly in Southern Italy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Population-based retrospective cross-sectional study. Information were retrieved from electronic-geriatric-forms matched by record-linkage to outpatient pharmacy-records. The following domains were collected from geriatric forms: BMI, cognitive capacity (SPMSQ), functional status (Barthel-index), mobility, living condition. Polypharmacy status was categorized as non-polypharmacy (0-4), polypharmacy (5-9) and excessive-polypharmacy (≥10). Prevalence of all variables were stratified by age and polypharmacy group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  88,878 old people received a geriatric assessment in the years 2013-2014. Mean age was 74.8 (±7.3) years, 56.6% females. Proportion of elderly in excessive-polypharmacy increased with age (18.9% in 65-75 age-group; 27.9% in >85). Referring to cognitive capacity, the proportion of lucid patients decreased with age (from 94.3% to 58.1%), while confused patient increased with age (from 4.7% to 30.9%). Proportion of subjects with a decline in cognitive status, functional status and mobility increased in polypharmacy and excessive polypharmacy group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Polypharmacy is common in people aged 65 years and older with difficulties in activities of daily living and impaired cognition. Furthermore, its prevalence raises with increasing age. Preventive strategies such us optimization of drug regimen should be performed routinely to reduce risk of adverse-health-events.
authors.affiliation: CIRFF, Center of Pharmacoeconomics, Federico II University of Naples, Italy;
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guerriero
authors.affiliation: CIRFF, Center of Pharmacoeconomics, Federico II University of Naples, Italy;
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Orlando
authors.affiliation: Caserta Local Health Unit,Caserta, Italy;
authors.forename: Daniele Ugo
authors.initials: DU
authors.lastname: Tari
authors.affiliation: Caserta Local Health Unit,Caserta, Italy;
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Giorgio
authors.affiliation: Department of Traslational Medical Science, Federico II University of Naples, Italy;
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cittadini
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy;
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Trifirò
authors.affiliation: CIRFF, Center of Pharmacoeconomics, Federico II University of Naples, Italy;
authors.forename: Enrica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Menditto
keywords: Polypharmacy; administrative databases; elderly; frailty; geriatric assessment