title: The effect of preceptor role effectiveness on newly licensed registered nurses' perceived psychological empowerment and professional autonomy.
abstract: The first year turnover rate for newly licensed registered nurses is roughly 30% and increases to about 57% in the second year (Twibell et al., 2012). An effective preceptorship has been shown to better facilitate the first year transition (Hodges et al., 2008) and increase retention rates (Pine and Tart, 2007). The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between newly licensed registered nurses' perceived preceptor role effectiveness, psychological empowerment and professional autonomy. A prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive research design was used. Sixty-nine newly licensed registered nurses were recruited and surveyed. Newly licensed registered nurses were found to have moderately high levels of perceived preceptor role effectiveness, psychological empowerment, and professional autonomy. Preceptor role effectiveness had significant, moderately, positive relationships with professional autonomy and psychological empowerment. There was also a significant relationship found between professional autonomy and psychological empowerment. Results show that preceptor role effectiveness is linked to increased professional autonomy and psychological empowerment. Therefore, effective preceptorships are necessary in easing the newly licensed registered nurse's transition to practice. Strategies to ensure effective preceptorships and enhance the NRLN's transition to practice are proposed.
authors.affiliation: 1218 Clarinbridge Pkwy, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, USA. Electronic address: nellnicole00@aol.com.
authors.forename: Chanell
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Watkins
authors.affiliation: Kennesaw State University, WellStar School of Nursing, 520 Parliament Garden Way, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, USA. Electronic address: phart@kennesaw.edu.
authors.forename: Patricia L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.affiliation: Kennesaw State University, WellStar School of Nursing, 520 Parliament Garden Way, Kennesaw, GA, 30144, USA. Electronic address: nmareno@kennesaw.edu.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mareno
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004508:Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024802:Nurse's Role / Q000523:psychology*; D009726:Nurses / Q000523:psychology*; D011209:Power, Psychological; D011231:Preceptorship / Q000379:methods*; D017009:Professional Autonomy; D011446:Prospective Studies
keywords: Newly licensed registered nurse; Preceptor effectiveness; Preceptors; Preceptorships; Professional autonomy; Psychological empowerment