title: The influence of altitude and landforms on some biochemical and hematological parameters in Ouled Djellal ewes from arid area of South East Algeria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted on Ouled Djellal ewes in arid area of south-east Algeria in order to reveal the influence of altitude and landforms on some hematological and biochemical parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 160 ewes having 3-5 years of age, multiparous, non-pregnant, non-lactating and reared in arid areas of South East Algeria were included. Blood samples were divided according to factors of altitude and landform (plain region at 150 m above sea level, tableland region at 600 m above sea level and mountain region at 1000 m above sea level). The whole blood was analyzed for hematology, and plasma samples for biochemical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study found lowest glucose concentrations were detected in tableland region at 600 m. In plain region at 150 m, ewes had a higher (p<0.01) concentration of cholesterol and triglyceride. Furthermore, a higher concentration of total proteins (p<0.01) and urea (p<0.05) were detected in plain region at 150 m. The average blood creatinine concentration in mountain ewes at 1000 m and tableland ewes at 600 m were higher (p<0.05) that in plain ewes at 150 m. The highest calcium concentration was found at the altitude of 150 m and the lowest at the altitude of 1000 m (1.12±0.35 mmol/L vs. 0.52±0.03 mmol/L). Phosphorus levels were higher at altitudes of 150 m than at the altitude of 600 m and 1000 m (0.93±0.42 mmol/L vs. 0.68±0.54 mmol/L, 0.23±0.01 mmol/L). The highest hemoglobin concentration and value of hematocrit were detected in mountain ewes at the altitude of 1000 m (120.61 g/L, 40%) and the lowest at the altitude of 150 m (73.2 g/L, 31%) (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that hematological and biochemical parameters in Ouled Djellel ewes reared in arid area may be affected by altitude and landforms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Environment, Animal Health and Production, University of El-Hadj Lakhdar, Batna 05000, Algeria; Department of Nature and Life Science, University of Mohamed Kheider, Biskra 07000, Algeria.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Titaouine
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Environment, Animal Health and Production, University of El-Hadj Lakhdar, Batna 05000, Algeria.
authors.forename: Toufik
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Meziane
keywords: Ouled Djallel ewes; altitude; arid area; biochemistry; hematology; landform