title: Role of the Mdm2 SNIP 309 Polymorphism in Gastric Mucosal Morphologic Patterns of Patients with Helicobacter pylori Associated Gastritis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The tumor suppressor p53 is as a regulator of cell proliferation, apoptosis and many other biological processes as well as external and internal stress responses. Mdm2 SNIP309 is a negative regulator of 53. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the role of the Mdm2 SNIP 309 polymorphism in the gastric mucosal morphological patterns in patients with Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2014 through November 2015. Biopsy specimens were obtained from patients and infection was proven by positive histology. Gastric mucosa specimens were sent to the Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Medicine, Suranaree University of Technology where they were tested by molecular methods to detect the patterns of Mdm2 SNIP 309 polymorphism using the real-time PCR hybridization probe method. The results were analyzed and correlated with gastric mucosal morphological patterns by using C-NBI endoscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 300 infected patients were enrolled and gastric mucosa specimens were collected. In this study the percentage of Mdm2 SNIP 309 T/T homozygous and Mdm2 SNIP309 G/T heterozygous was 78% and 19 % respectively whereas Mdm2 SNIP309 G/G homozygous was 3%. Mdm2 SNIP 309 T/T homozygous and Mdm2 SNIP309 G/T heterozygosity correlated with type 1 to type 3 gastric mucosal morphological patterns (P<0.01) whereas Mdm2 SNIP309 G/G homozygous correlated with type 4 and type 5 (P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study finds the frequency of Mdm2 SNIP309 G/G in a Thai population is very low, and suggests that this can explain ae Thailand enigma. Types 1 to type 3 are the most common gastric mucosal morphological patterns according to the unique genetic polymorphism of MDM2 SNIP 309 in the Thai population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhonrachasima, Thailand E-mail: weesak.t@sut.ac.th.
authors.forename: Taweesak
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tongtawee
authors.forename: Chavaboon
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dechsukhum
authors.forename: Wilairat
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Leeanansaksiri
authors.forename: Soraya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaewpitoon
authors.forename: Natthawut
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kaewpitoon
authors.forename: Ryan A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Loyd
authors.forename: Likit
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Matrakool
authors.forename: Sukij
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Panpimanmas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D005756:Gastritis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D005773:Gastroscopy / Q000379:methods; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 / Q000235:genetics*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D013785:Thailand; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C497206:MDM2 protein, human; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2