title: Detection of plasmid mediated colistin resistance (MCR-1) in Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolated from poultry and swine in Spain.
abstract: Recent findings suggest that use of colistin as a last resort antibiotic is seriously threatened by the rise of a new plasmid mediated mechanism of resistance (MCR-1). This work identifies, for the first time in Southern Europe, the gene mcr-1 in nine strains from farm animals (poultry and swine) corresponding to five Escherichia coli and four Salmonella enterica, among which three belong to serovar Typhimurium and one to Rissen. The MCR-1 was found encoded by a plasmid highly mobilizable by conjugation to the E. coli J53 strain. Two E. coli strains carried two determinants, mcr-1 plus pmrA or pmrB mutations, known to confer colistin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, Spain. Electronic address: aquesada@unex.es.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quesada
authors.affiliation: VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense Madrid, Avda Puerta Hierro, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ugarte-Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, Spain; Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, Spain.
authors.forename: M Rocío
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Iglesias
authors.affiliation: VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense Madrid, Avda Puerta Hierro, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M Concepción
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Porrero
authors.affiliation: Red de Grupos de Investigación en Recursos Faunísticos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, Spain; Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, Spain.
authors.forename: Remigio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.affiliation: VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense Madrid, Avda Puerta Hierro, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Florez-Cuadrado
authors.affiliation: MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal.
authors.forename: María J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense Madrid, Avda Puerta Hierro, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, Spain.
authors.forename: Segundo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Píriz
authors.affiliation: Subdirección General de Sanidad e Higiene Animal y Trazabilidad, Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente, Spain.
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Sáez
authors.affiliation: VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense Madrid, Avda Puerta Hierro, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Lucas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Domínguez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003091:Colistin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D019779:Salmonella enterica / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000662:veterinary; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D003091:Colistin
keywords: Colistin resistance; E. coli; Plasmid; PmrAB; S. enterica; mcr-1