title: Excess short-term mortality in women after isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
abstract: Female sex is considered a risk factor for adverse outcomes following isolated coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. We assessed the association between sex and short-term mortality following isolated CABG, and estimated the 'excess' deaths occurring in women.
  
  
  
  Short-term mortality was investigated in 13 327 consecutive isolated CABG patients in North Texas between January 2008 and December 2012. The association between sex and CABG short-term mortality, and the excess deaths among women were assessed via a propensity-adjusted (by Society of Thoracic Surgeons-recognised risk factors) generalised estimating equations model approach.
  
  
  
  Short-term mortality was significantly higher in women than men (adjusted OR=1.39; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.86; p=0.027). This significantly greater risk translates into 35 'excess' deaths among women included in this study (>10% of the total 343 deaths in the study cohort) and into 392 'excess' deaths among the ∼40 000 women undergoing isolated CABG in the USA each year.
  
  
  
  The higher risk associated with female sex lead to 35 'excess' deaths in women in this study cohort (over 10% of the total deaths) and to 392 'excess' deaths among women undergoing isolated CABG in the USA each year. Further research is needed to assess the causal mechanisms underlying this sex-related difference. Results of such work could inform the development and implementation of sex-specific treatment and management strategies to reduce women's mortality following CABG. Based on our results, if such work brought women's short-term mortality into line with men's, total short-term mortality could be reduced by up to 10%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology , Office of the Chief Quality Officer, Baylor Scott & White Health , Dallas, Texas , USA.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Filardo
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery , Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center , Dallas, Texas , USA.
authors.forename: Baron L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Hamman
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology , Office of the Chief Quality Officer, Baylor Scott & White Health , Dallas, Texas , USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Pollock
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology , Office of the Chief Quality Officer, Baylor Scott & White Health , Dallas, Texas , USA.
authors.forename: Briget
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: da Graca
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology , Office of the Chief Quality Officer, Baylor Scott & White Health , Dallas, Texas , USA.
authors.forename: Danielle M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Sass
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology , Office of the Chief Quality Officer, Baylor Scott & White Health , Dallas, Texas , USA.
authors.forename: Teresa K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Phan
authors.affiliation: The Heart Hospital Baylor , Plano, Texas , USA.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Edgerton
authors.affiliation: Cardiopulmonary Research Science & Technology Institute , Dallas, Texas , USA.
authors.forename: Syma L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Prince
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery , UT Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas , USA.
authors.forename: W Steves
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Ring
keywords: QUALITY OF CARE AND OUTCOMES