title: Insight into Biological Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoflowers on Bacteria: Why Morphology Matters.
abstract: Zinc oxides have gained exciting achievements in antimicrobial fields because of their advantageous properties, whereas their biological effects on bacteria are currently underexplored. In this study, biological effects of flower-shaped nano zinc oxides on bacteria were systematically investigated. Zinc oxide nanoflowers with controllable morphologies (viz., rod flowers, fusiform flowers, and petal flowers) were synthesized by modulating merely base type and concentration using the hydrothermal process. Their antibacterial power is in an order of petal flowers > fusiform flowers > rod flowers because of their differences in microscopic parameters such as specific surface area, pore size, and Zn-polar plane, etc. More importantly, the role of morphology in influencing biological effect on bacteria was examined, focusing on the morphology-induced effect on integrality of cell wall, permeability of cell membrane, DNA cleavage, etc. As for cytotoxicity, all petal flowers, fusiform flowers, and rod flowers show trivial cytotoxicity to the Hela cells. This work provides a guide for enhancing biological effect of the biocides on pathogenic bacteria by the morphological modulation.
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University , Hohhot 010021, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University , Hohhot 010021, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yangyang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University , Hohhot 010021, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tianyi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: College of Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University , Hohhot 010018, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.affiliation: Département de Chimie, Faculté Des Sciences (FDS), Université de Lomé (UL) , Lome BP 1515, Togo.
authors.forename: Oudjaniyobi
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Simalou
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University , Hohhot 010021, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xinyue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University , Hohhot 010021, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yanling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University , Hohhot 010021, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chokto
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Harnoode
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University , Hohhot 010021, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Alideertu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001419:Bacteria; D049329:Nanostructures; D015034:Zinc Oxide
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D015034:Zinc Oxide
keywords: antibacterial; bacteria; biological effect; morphology; zinc oxide nanoflower