title: Chromosomal profile of indigenous pig (Sus scrofa).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to investigate the chromosomal profile of indigenous pigs by computing morphometric measurements.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cytogenetic study was carried out in 60 indigenous pigs to analyze the chromosomal profile by employing the short term peripheral blood lymphocyte culture technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The modal chromosome number (2n) in indigenous pigs was found to be 38 and a fundamental number of 64 as in the exotic. First chromosome was the longest pair, and thirteenth pair was the second largest while Y-chromosome was the smallest in the karyotype of the pig. The mean relative length, arm ratio, centromeric indices and morphological indices of chromosomes varied from 1.99±0.01 to 11.23±0.09, 1.04±0.05 to 2.95±0.02, 0.51±0.14 to 0.75±0.09 and 2.08±0.07 to 8.08±0.15%, respectively in indigenous pigs. Sex had no significant effect (p>0.05) on all the morphometric measurements studied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study revealed that among autosomes first five pairs were sub metacentric, next two pairs were sub telocentric (6-7), subsequent five pairs were metacentric (8-12) and remaining six pairs were telocentric (13-18), while both allosomes were metacentric. The chromosomal number, morphology and various morphometric measurements of the chromosomes of the indigenous pigs were almost similar to those established breeds reported in the literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: P Guru
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Vishnu
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Punyakumari
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ekambaram
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: M Gnana
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: B V
authors.initials: BV
authors.lastname: Subramanyam
keywords: chromosomal profile; idiogram; indigenous pigs; morphometric measurements