title: The Global Burden of Anemia.
abstract: Anemia is an important cause of health loss. We estimated levels and trends of nonfatal anemia burden for 23 distinct etiologies in 188 countries, 20 age groups, and both sexes from 1990 to 2013. All available population-level anemia data were collected and standardized. We estimated mean hemoglobin, prevalence of anemia by severity, quantitative disability owing to anemia, and underlying etiology for each population using the approach of the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries and Risk Factors 2013 Study. Anemia burden is high. Developing countries account for 89% of all anemia-related disability. Iron-deficiency anemia remains the dominant cause of anemia.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address: nickjk@uw.edu.
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Kassebaum
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003906:Developing Countries; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Anemia; Burden of disease; Global health; Hemoglobin; Hemoglobinopathies; Iron-deficiency anemia; Nutrition