title: Worsening of Callus Hyperplasia after Bisphosphonate Treatment in Type V Osteogenesis Imperfecta.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Type V osteogenesis imperfecta is characterized by hyperplastic callus formation and interosseus membrane calcification.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 16-year-old boy who presented with history of recurrent fractures, had hard persistent swellings at fracture sites, and had radiographic features of hyperplastic callus and interosseus membrane calcification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sequence analysis of the IFITM5 gene revealed the c.-14 C>T mutation. The patient had significant exacerbation of callus hyperplasia after initiation of bisphosphonate therapy, which reversed following cessation of the treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bisphosphonates may exacerbate callus hyperplasia, and may therefore have to be used with caution in patients with type V osteogenesis imperfecta.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medical Genetics and *Orthopaedics, Nizams Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana; and Department of Medical Genetics, SGPGIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh; India. Correspondence to: Dr Prajnya Ranganath, Department of Medical Genetics, Nizams Institute of Medical Sciences, Punjagutta, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 082, India. prajnyaranganath@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Prajnya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ranganath
authors.forename: Joshi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stephen
authors.forename: Raju
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Iyengar
authors.forename: Shubha R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Phadke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002146:Bony Callus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005269:Femur / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D008297:Male; D010013:Osteogenesis Imperfecta / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D004164:Diphosphonates