title: NaHCO3-Buffered Lidocaine Gel for Outpatient Rigid Cystoscopy in Men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of NaHCO3-buffered lidocaine gel as a topical anesthetic agent for pain relief for rigid cystoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  ASA I-II male patients undergoing rigid cystoscopy randomly received 10 mL 2% Carbocaine lidocaine gel with 1 mL 0.9% saline (group 1) or 1 mL 5% NaHCO3 solution (group 2). After 3 minutes exposure, the cystoscope was inserted into the urethra. On receiving the gel, cystoscope insertion, and intravesical observation, pain score was recorded using the visual analog scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The gel pH with or without NaHCO3 was 7.20 and 6.41, respectively. The concentration of soluble lidocaine in the gel was stable for 24 hours or more. The visual analog scale score in group 2 was significantly lower (1.3 ± 0.9) than in group 1 (5.28 ± 1.99). No adverse effects were recorded.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alkalized lidocaine gel resulted in successful analgesia for rigid cystoscopy in men without adverse effects.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yanxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yongxue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jinge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Shuhong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Huiqiao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Wenpin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shijie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guanjie
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Senming
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D002021:Buffers; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D008012:Lidocaine
keywords: alkalization; cystoscopy; lidocaine gel; topical anesthesia