title: Dopant-Assisted Positive Photoionization Ion Mobility Spectrometry Coupled with Time-Resolved Thermal Desorption for On-Site Detection of Triacetone Triperoxide and Hexamethylene Trioxide Diamine in Complex Matrices.
abstract: Peroxide explosives, such as triacetone triperoxide (TATP) and hexamethylene trioxide diamine (HMTD), were often used in the terrorist attacks due to their easy synthesis from readily starting materials. Therefore, an on-site detection method for TATP and HMTD is urgently needed. Herein, we developed a stand-alone dopant-assisted positive photoionization ion mobility spectrometry (DAPP-IMS) coupled with time-resolved thermal desorption introduction for rapid and sensitive detection of TATP and HMTD in complex matrices, such as white solids, soft drinks, and cosmetics. Acetone was chosen as the optimal dopant for better separation between reactant ion peaks and product ion peaks as well as higher sensitivity, and the limits of detection (LODs) of TATP and HMTD standard samples were 23.3 and 0.2 ng, respectively. Explosives on the sampling swab were thermally desorbed and carried into the ionization region dynamically within 10 s, and the maximum released concentration of TATP or HMTD could be time-resolved from the matrix interference owing to the different volatility. Furthermore, with the combination of the fast response thermal desorber (within 0.8 s) and the quick data acquisition software to DAPP-IMS, two-dimensional data related to drift time (TATP: 6.98 ms, K0 = 2.05 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1); HMTD: 9.36 ms, K0 = 1.53 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1)) and desorption time was obtained for TATP and HMTD, which is beneficial for their identification in complex matrices.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China.|Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dandan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China.|Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Liying
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China.|Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China.|Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qinghua
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chuang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China.|Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wendong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Haiyang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000032:analysis*; D006573:Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring / Q000032:analysis*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010545:Peroxides / Q000032:analysis*; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D006573:Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring; D010545:Peroxides; C058103:hexamethylenetriperoxidediamine; C495284:triacetone triperoxide