title: [The state of the art of imaging in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors].
abstract: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are neoplasms presenting unpredictable and unusual biologic behavior that causes many clinical challenges. NETs can produce a variety of metabolically active substances (hormones and amines) leading to distinct clinical syndromes. This review will discuss the imaging techniques for the diagnosis of GEP-NETs including ultrasonography, CT, MRI and ultrasound endoscope. In this article, Gallium-68 labeled peptide binding to G protein coupled receptor including SSTR, CCKR1 and GLP1R is addressed, and the application of Gallium-68 labeled somatostin analogues and PET-CT for diagnosis of GEP-NETs is evaluated. In conclusion, Gallium-68 labeled peptide and molecular imaging will play important roles in diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic strategy development of GEP-NETs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinical Center of Respiratory Disease and Imaging, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China.
authors.forename: Xiaochen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinical Center of Respiratory Disease and Imaging, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D004724:Endoscopy; D005710:Gallium Radioisotopes / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011379:Prognosis; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000737:chemistry; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D005710:Gallium Radioisotopes; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled