title: Alcohol Used as Disinfectant before Venipuncture does not Lead to Sample Haemolysis or Sample Dilution.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sample haemolysis is often the leading cause of sample rejections in clinical laboratory. Isopropyl alcohol or ethyl alcohol, used as disinfectant during sample collection is often considered an important cause of sample haemolysis or sample dilution; although there is a paucity of scientific documentation verifying the same.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To verify whether avoidance to wipe out alcohol from the venipuncture site, before sample collection leads to sample haemolysis; or leads to sample dilution.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective randomized study, where every second patient coming to the phlebotomist during the study period, in the age group of 20 to 50 years, was considered for the study. A total of 60 patients were considered for the study. For unbiased comparison sample were collected from both left upper limb (alcohol dry) and right upper limb (alcohol wet) of all the patients. Visual inspection for haemolysis was done, and serum potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALKP) and Glucose were estimated in both the set. Also experiences of patients in both limb collections were considered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On visual inspection none of the sample was haemolysed. 51.67% of the patients experienced same level of discomfort in both limbs (alcohol dry and alcohol wet) during venipuncture. While 28.3% experienced burning sensation in alcohol wet limb, another 20% experienced a more soothing sensation in the alcohol wet limb during venipuncture. There is no statistically significant difference in the measured value of serum K, LDH, Ca, AST, ALT and ALKP and Glucose between the two sets of sample - alcohol dry and alcohol wet.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study concludes that avoidance to wipe alcohol before venipuncture does not lead to sample haemolysis or sample dilution. Also most patient experienced same or more soothing sensation in alcohol wet limb. Therefore sample can be collected without a waiting period for alcohol to dry off, thereby preventing haemoconcentration and decreasing sample collection time.
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Narayan Medical College , Jamuhar, Bihar, India .
authors.forename: Devajit
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sarmah
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, I Q City Medical College , Durgapur, West Bengal, India .
authors.forename: Booloo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, King George Medical University , Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India .
authors.forename: Dilutpal
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Research Assistant & Laboratory Technician, Department of Biochemistry, R D Gardi Medical College , Agar Road, Surasa, Ujjain, India .
authors.forename: Sheeja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mathew
keywords: CLSI; Dilution; Hemolysis; Isopropyl alcohol