title: [Emergencies of the external genital area].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In addition to epididymitis and testicular torsion, emergencies of the external genital are rare. Rapid diagnosis and therapy are essential so that immediate therapy can be provided, which is important for survival (Fournier gangrene) of the patient or for the preservation of erectile function (priapism and penile fracture). A detailed patient history and clinical examination are generally sufficient for correct diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Under certain circumstances, it might be useful to perform ultrasound, computed tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging or retrograde urethrography. A urine analysis is obligatory. In case of penetrating injuries and genital trauma in females, additional imaging should be performed because these are often associated with concomitant injuries of the rectum, vagina, or bladder. Special cases are gunshot wounds, in which caliber and type of weapon play an important role for the degree of damage, and animal or human bites. For animal bites, the risk for rabies infection and in case of a human bite the risk for transmission of HIV and hepatitis should be taken into consideration and post-exposure prophylaxis should possibly be offered.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Urologie, Kliniken Maria Hilf GmbH, Viersener Str. 450, 41063, Mönchengladbach, Deutschland. angelika.kaminsky@mariahilf.de.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaminsky
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Urologie, Kliniken Maria Hilf GmbH, Viersener Str. 450, 41063, Mönchengladbach, Deutschland.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sperling
mesh_terms: D016638:Critical Illness; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003950:Diagnostic Techniques, Urological; D004630:Emergencies; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000379:methods; D004638:Emergency Treatment / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D005832:Genital Diseases, Male / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014566:Urogenital System / Q000293:injuries*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Epididymitis; Fournier’s gangrene; Genital trauma; Priapism; Testicular torsion