title: High Frequency of CYP2D6 Ultrarapid Metabolizer Genotype in the Finnish Population.
abstract: CYP2D6 participates in the biotransformation of many commonly used drugs. Large genetic variability in CYP2D6 results in a wide interindividual variability in the response to CYP2D6 substrate drugs. Previous studies have assessed the phenotype and genotype distributions of CYP2D6 in relatively small Finnish population samples. The aim of our study was to investigate the frequencies of CYP2D6 genotypes in a larger Finnish population cohort of 857 healthy volunteers. The volunteers were genotyped for 10 CYP2D6 genetic variants (*2, *3, *4, *5, *6, *9, *10, *17, *39, *41) and copy number variation performed with TaqMan genotyping assays and copy number assay targeting exon 9. CYP2D6 phenotypes were inferred from the genotype data with the classical and activity score methods. According to the classical method, a large majority of the study cases were extensive metabolizers (EM; 87.3%; 95% confidence interval 84.9-89.3) and the second largest group was ultrarapid metabolizers (UM; 7.2%; 5.7-9.2%). Intermediate (IM) and poor metabolizers (PM) were in clear minority (3.0%; 2.1-4.4% and 2.3%; 1.5-3.6%, respectively). The activity score method yielded similar phenotype predictions. These results show that the frequency of UM genotype is higher and that of PM and IM genotype is lower in the Finnish population than in other North European populations. Accordingly, CYP2D6 genetic profile of the Finnish population differs from its geographically close neighbours, which has implications for the effective and safe use of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Paavo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pietarinen
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Aleksi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tornio
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Mikko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niemi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D019389:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 / Q000235:genetics*; D056915:DNA Copy Number Variations; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D005787:Gene Frequency; D014644:Genetic Variation; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019389:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6