title: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndrome after Liver Transplant.
abstract: Liver transplant is the unique curative therapy for patients with acute liver failure or end-stage liver disease, with or without hepatocellular carcinoma. Increase of body weight, onset of insulin resistance and drug-induced alterations of metabolism are reported in liver transplant recipients. In this context, post-transplant diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and arterial hypertension can be often diagnosed. Multifactorial illnesses occurring in the post-transplant period represent significant causes of morbidity and mortality. This is especially true for metabolic syndrome. Non-alcoholic steatosis and steatohepatitis are hepatic manifestations of metabolic syndrome and after liver transplant both recurrent and de novo steatosis can be found. Usually, post-transplant steatosis shows an indolent outcome with few cases of fibrosis progression. However, in the post-transplant setting, both metabolic syndrome and steatosis might play a key role in the stratification of morbidity and mortality risk, being commonly associated with cardiovascular disease. The single components of metabolic syndrome can be treated with targeted drugs while lifestyle intervention is the only reasonable therapeutic approach for transplant patients with non-alcoholic steatosis or steatohepatitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 1, 41124 Modena, Italy. stefano.gitto@studio.unibo.it.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gitto
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 1, 41124 Modena, Italy. erica.villa@unimore.it.
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Villa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000628:therapy; D058625:End Stage Liver Disease / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents
keywords: liver transplant; metabolic syndrome; multifactorial disease; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; non-alcoholic steatohepatitis