title: Concentration of Access to Information and Communication Technologies in the Municipalities of the Brazilian Legal Amazon.
abstract: This study fills demand for data on access and use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the Brazilian legal Amazon, a region of localities with identical economic, political, and social problems. We use the 2010 Brazilian Demographic Census to compile data on urban and rural households (i) with computers and Internet access, (ii) with mobile phones, and (iii) with fixed phones. To compare the concentration of access to ICT in the municipalities of the Brazilian Amazon with other regions of Brazil, we use a concentration index to quantify the concentration of households in the following classes: with computers and Internet access, with mobile phones, with fixed phones, and no access. These data are analyzed along with municipal indicators on income, education, electricity, and population size. The results show that for urban households, the average concentration in the municipalities of the Amazon for computers and Internet access and for fixed phones is lower than in other regions of the country; meanwhile, that for no access and mobile phones is higher than in any other region. For rural households, the average concentration in the municipalities of the Amazon for computers and Internet access, mobile phones, and fixed phones is lower than in any other region of the country; meanwhile, that for no access is higher than in any other region. In addition, the study shows that education and income are determinants of inequality in accessing ICT in Brazilian municipalities and that the existence of electricity in rural households is directly associated with the ownership of ICT resources.
authors.affiliation: Cyberspace Institute, Federal Rural University of Amazon, Pará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvana Rossy
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: de Brito
authors.affiliation: Cyberspace Institute, Federal Rural University of Amazon, Pará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aleksandra do Socorro
authors.initials: Ado S
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Pará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adejard Gaia
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: Amazon Higher Studies Nucleus, Federal University of Pará, Pará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maurílio de Abreu
authors.initials: Mde A
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.affiliation: Special Technologies Center, National Institute for Space Research, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nandamudi Lankalapalli
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Vijaykumar
authors.affiliation: Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará, Pará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelino Silva
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará, Pará, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Crisóstomo Weyl Albuquerque
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Institute of Technology, Federal University of Pará, Pará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Renato Lisboa
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Francês
mesh_terms: D022126:Access to Information; D001938:Brazil; D003142:Communication; D006801:Humans