title: Weight-Loss Diets, Adiponectin, and Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk in the 2-Year POUNDS Lost Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Compelling evidence suggests that the beneficial effects of weight-loss diet interventions on improvement of cardiometabolic risk factors may be partly through modulating secretion of adiponectin from adipose tissue.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of long-term weight-loss diets with different compositions of macronutrients on longitudinal changes in circulating adiponectin concentrations and how such changes, if they exist, affect cardiometabolic risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the 2-year Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies trial, 811 overweight or obese adults were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 diets varying in macronutrient intakes. The current analysis was restricted to participants who had baseline adiponectin measurement (n = 768). Circulating concentrations of adiponectin and cardiometabolic outcomes were repeatedly measured at baseline, 6 months, and 2 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Circulating concentrations of adiponectin and cardiometabolic risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Weight-loss diet interventions significantly increased circulating adiponectin concentrations over 2 years, similarly in 4 diet groups (P value for difference >.05). We found that the increase of adiponectin was significantly associated with reduction of waist circumference and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but associated with increase of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < .001 for each), after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, follow-up time, diet group, baseline body mass index, baseline level of respective outcome trait, and concurrent weight change.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings indicate that long-term interventions by weight-loss diets varying in macronutrients similarly increase circulating adiponectin, which may particularly improve abdominal fat distribution and lipid metabolism independently of weight change.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Epidemiology (W.M., M.W., L.Q.) and Nutrition (Y.Z., F.M.S., L.Q.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and Channing Division of Network Medicine (L.Q.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Epidemiology (T.H., L.Q.), School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112; and Pennington Biomedical Research Center of the Louisiana State University System (G.A.B.), Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808.
authors.forename: Wenjie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Departments of Epidemiology (W.M., M.W., L.Q.) and Nutrition (Y.Z., F.M.S., L.Q.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and Channing Division of Network Medicine (L.Q.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Epidemiology (T.H., L.Q.), School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112; and Pennington Biomedical Research Center of the Louisiana State University System (G.A.B.), Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Departments of Epidemiology (W.M., M.W., L.Q.) and Nutrition (Y.Z., F.M.S., L.Q.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and Channing Division of Network Medicine (L.Q.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Epidemiology (T.H., L.Q.), School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112; and Pennington Biomedical Research Center of the Louisiana State University System (G.A.B.), Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Departments of Epidemiology (W.M., M.W., L.Q.) and Nutrition (Y.Z., F.M.S., L.Q.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and Channing Division of Network Medicine (L.Q.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Epidemiology (T.H., L.Q.), School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112; and Pennington Biomedical Research Center of the Louisiana State University System (G.A.B.), Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808.
authors.forename: Molin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Departments of Epidemiology (W.M., M.W., L.Q.) and Nutrition (Y.Z., F.M.S., L.Q.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and Channing Division of Network Medicine (L.Q.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Epidemiology (T.H., L.Q.), School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112; and Pennington Biomedical Research Center of the Louisiana State University System (G.A.B.), Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808.
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Bray
authors.affiliation: Departments of Epidemiology (W.M., M.W., L.Q.) and Nutrition (Y.Z., F.M.S., L.Q.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and Channing Division of Network Medicine (L.Q.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Epidemiology (T.H., L.Q.), School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112; and Pennington Biomedical Research Center of the Louisiana State University System (G.A.B.), Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808.
authors.forename: Frank M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Sacks
authors.affiliation: Departments of Epidemiology (W.M., M.W., L.Q.) and Nutrition (Y.Z., F.M.S., L.Q.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and Channing Division of Network Medicine (L.Q.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Epidemiology (T.H., L.Q.), School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112; and Pennington Biomedical Research Center of the Louisiana State University System (G.A.B.), Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qi
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy*; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055105:Waist Circumference; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin