title: Low-Temperature TiOx Compact Layer for Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells.
abstract: Here, we demonstrate an effective low-temperature approach to fabricate a uniform and pinhole-free compact TiO2 layer for enhancing photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells. TiCl4 was used to modify TiO2 for efficient charge generation and significantly reduced recombination loss. We found that a TiO2 layer with an appropriate TiCl4 treatment possesses a smooth surface with full coverage of the conductive electrode. Further studies on charge carrier dynamics confirmed that the TiCl4 treatment improves the contact of the TiO2/perovskite interface, facilitating charge extraction and suppressing charge recombination. On the basis of the treatment, we improved the open circuit voltage from 1.01 V of the reference cell to 1.08 V, and achieved a power conversion efficiency of 16.4%.
authors.affiliation: Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China.|Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
authors.forename: Zonghao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
authors.forename: Ziruo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
authors.forename: Huanping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China.|Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
authors.forename: Xiaobao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: De Marco
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
authors.forename: Pengyu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhixin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P.R. China.|Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University , Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Yi-Bing
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
keywords: charge transport layer; low-temperature; perovskite solar cell; pinhole-free; surface modification