title: Identification of Oxygenated Fatty Acid as a Side Chain of Lipo-Alkaloids in Aconitum carmichaelii by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS and a Database.
abstract: Lipo-alkaloid is a kind of C19-norditerpenoid alkaloid usually found in Aconitum species. Structurally, they contain an aconitane skeleton and one or two fatty acid moieties of 3-25 carbon chains with 1-6 unsaturated degrees. Analysis of the lipo-alkaloids in roots of Aconitum carmichaelii resulted in the isolation of six known pure lipo-alkaloids (A1-A6) and a lipo-alkaloid mixture (A7). The mixture shared the same aconitane skeleton of 14-benzoylmesaconine, but their side chains were determined to be 9-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid, 13-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid and 10-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid, respectively, by MS/MS analysis after alkaline hydrolysis. To our knowledge, this is the first time of the reporting of the oxygenated fatty acids as the side chains in naturally-occurring lipo-alkaloids. In order to identify more lipo-alkaloids, a compound database was established based on various combinations between the aconitane skeleton and the fatty acid chain, and then, the identification of lipo-alkaloids was conducted using the database, UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS and MS/MS. Finally, 148 lipo-alkaloids were identified from A. carmichaelii after intensive MS/MS analysis, including 93 potential new compounds and 38 compounds with oxygenated fatty acid moieties.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China. 1309853gct20002@student.must.edu.mo.|School of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China. 1309853gct20002@student.must.edu.mo.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China. jlwu@must.edu.mo.
authors.forename: Jian-Lin
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China. lhleung@must.edu.mo.
authors.forename: Elaine Lai-Han
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China. hzhou@must.edu.mo.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China. liuzqsmu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Zhongqiu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China. 1209853gc211002@student.must.edu.mo.
authors.forename: Guanyu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medicinal Sciences and Nursing, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China. yingliu_1971@163.com.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China. lliu@must.edu.mo.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China. nli@must.edu.mo.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000157:Aconitine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D031841:Aconitum / Q000737:chemistry*; D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000737:chemistry; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D004224:Diterpenes; D005227:Fatty Acids; C085283:benzoylmesaconine; D010100:Oxygen; D000157:Aconitine
keywords: Aconitum carmichaelii; C19-aconitane skeletons; UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS; lipo-alkaloids; oxygenated fatty acids