title: Autistic-Like Behaviors, Oxidative Stress Status, and Histopathological Changes in Cerebellum of Valproic Acid Rat Model of Autism Are Improved by the Combined Extract of Purple Rice and Silkworm Pupae.
abstract: Due to the crucial role of oxidative stress on the pathophysiology of autism and the concept of synergistic effect, the benefit of the combined extract of purple rice and silkworm pupae (AP1) for autism disorder was the focus. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effect of AP1 on autistic-like behaviors, oxidative stress status, and histopathological change of cerebellum in valproic acid (VPA) rat model of autism. VPA was injected on postnatal day (PND) 14 and the animals were orally given AP1 at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg·kg(-1) BW between PND 14 and PND 40. The autism-like behaviors were analyzed via hot-plate, rotarod, elevated plus-maze, learning, memory, and social behavior tests. Oxidative stress and the histological change in the cerebellum were assessed at the end of study. AP1 treated rats improved behaviors in all tests except that in hot-plate test. The improvement of oxidative stress and Purkinje cell loss was also observed in the cerebellum of VPA-treated rats. Our data suggest that AP1 partially reduced autism-like behaviors by improving oxidative stress and Purkinje cell loss. Further research is required to identify the active ingredients in AP1 and gender difference effect.
authors.affiliation: Integrative Complementary Alternative Medicine Research and Development Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Anatomy and Graduate School, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Nartnutda
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7976-2264
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morakotsriwan
authors.affiliation: Integrative Complementary Alternative Medicine Research and Development Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Jintanaporn
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7383-2348
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wattanathorn
authors.affiliation: Integrative Complementary Alternative Medicine Research and Development Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Woranan
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5330-9421
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kirisattayakul
authors.affiliation: Integrative Complementary Alternative Medicine Research and Development Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: Kowit
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chaisiwamongkol
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000473:pathology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D012831:Bombyx / Q000737:chemistry*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D011679:Pupa / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D012919:Social Behavior; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D045424:Complex Mixtures; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D014635:Valproic Acid