title: Genome-based microbial ecology of anammox granules in a full-scale wastewater treatment system.
abstract: Partial-nitritation anammox (PNA) is a novel wastewater treatment procedure for energy-efficient ammonium removal. Here we use genome-resolved metagenomics to build a genome-based ecological model of the microbial community in a full-scale PNA reactor. Sludge from the bioreactor examined here is used to seed reactors in wastewater treatment plants around the world; however, the role of most of its microbial community in ammonium removal remains unknown. Our analysis yielded 23 near-complete draft genomes that together represent the majority of the microbial community. We assign these genomes to distinct anaerobic and aerobic microbial communities. In the aerobic community, nitrifying organisms and heterotrophs predominate. In the anaerobic community, widespread potential for partial denitrification suggests a nitrite loop increases treatment efficiency. Of our genomes, 19 have no previously cultivated or sequenced close relatives and six belong to bacterial phyla without any cultivated members, including the most complete Omnitrophica (formerly OP3) genome to date.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Daan R
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2361-5935
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Speth
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Michiel H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: In 't Zandt
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guerrero-Cruz
authors.affiliation: Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.|Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26-28, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.|Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bas E
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2329-7890
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Dutilh
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.|Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628BC Delft, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mike S M
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Jetten
mesh_terms: D064751:Ammonium Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology; D058440:Denitrification; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D056186:Metagenomics; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology; D062065:Wastewater; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D009573:Nitrites; D012722:Sewage; D062065:Wastewater