title: Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Properties of Flavonoids from the Fruits of Black Mulberry (Morus nigra L.).
abstract: We analyzed the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of total flavonoids (TF) found in black mulberry fruits. The TF content was 20.9 mg/g (dry weight). Two anthocyanins, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (8.3 mg/g) and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside (2.9 mg/g), were identified in the fruits by UPLC. The TF of black mulberry fruits had significant reducing power and radical (OH(-), O2(·-), DPPH and ABTS) scavenging activities that was demonstrated in a dose-response curve. The TF had inhibitory activities on xylene-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice. In addition, TF had antinociceptive activities in the two nociceptive phases of formalin test. We used ELISA to detect the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and NO in the serum of mice. These cytokines were significantly inhibited or scavenged by TF (50 and 100 mg/kg). The results demonstrated that TF of black mulberry possess anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects that might correlate to its antioxidant activities and inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
authors.forename: Hu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
authors.forename: Junsong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
authors.forename: Wansha
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
authors.forename: Yunying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
authors.forename: Guangwei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
authors.forename: Zhonghuai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
authors.forename: Ningjia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D031625:Morus / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids