title: Comparison of preoperative TN staging of gastric carcinoma by endoscopic ultrasonography with CT examination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the accuracy and limitations of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the preoperative staging of gastric carcinoma in comparison with computed tomography (CT).
  
  
  METHODS
  According to the new (1987) TN staging, 62 patients with gastric carcinomas were examined preoperatively by EUS and the results compared with those of postoperative pathological TN staging. CT of abdomen was performed before surgery for 32 of the patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall accuracy of T staging was 83.9% for EUS and 28.1% for CT. For the detection of regional lymph node metastases, EUS accuracy was 79.0%, sensitivity 80.0% and specificity 87.5%, versus 50.0% accuracy for CT. The coincidence of perigastric infiltration was 90.0% for EUS and 41.2% for CT. The most frequent causes of misdiagnosis by EUS were microscopic tumor invasion and peritumorous inflammatory or fibrous changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EUS is a reliable method for the clinical evaluation of locoregional extension of gastric cancer and more accurate than CT in the preoperative staging of gastric carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Wen Guo, Ya-Li Zhang, Dian-Yuan Zhou, Wan-Dai Zhang, PLA Research Institute for Digestive Diseases, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Wen Guo, Ya-Li Zhang, Dian-Yuan Zhou, Wan-Dai Zhang, PLA Research Institute for Digestive Diseases, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Y L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Wen Guo, Ya-Li Zhang, Dian-Yuan Zhou, Wan-Dai Zhang, PLA Research Institute for Digestive Diseases, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: G X
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Wen Guo, Ya-Li Zhang, Dian-Yuan Zhou, Wan-Dai Zhang, PLA Research Institute for Digestive Diseases, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: D Y
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Wen Guo, Ya-Li Zhang, Dian-Yuan Zhou, Wan-Dai Zhang, PLA Research Institute for Digestive Diseases, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Zhang
keywords: Endoscopy; Neoplasm staging; Stomach neoplasms/radiography; Stomach neoplasms/ultrasonography; Tomography, X-ray computed