title: Salivary Stone Pneumatic Lithotripsy in a Live Porcine Model.
abstract: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic fragmentation and removal of artificial calculi in a live porcine model employing intracorporeal pneumatic lithotripsy. In this experimental study, 7 submandibular ducts were accessed and artificial calculi placed. A salivary pneumatic lithotripter probe was inserted through an interventional sialendoscope to fragment the calculi. A salivary duct catheter was then used to flush stone fragments, followed by endoscopy to assess complete fragmentation and ductal trauma. Ultimately, 7 artificial stones (3-10 mm, 4F/5F) were successfully fragmented without causing significant endoluminal trauma. Number of pulses for adequate stone fragmentation averaged 20 (range, 5-31). In all cases, stone fragments were successfully flushed out with the salivary duct catheter. Postprocedure endoscopy confirmed ductal integrity in all 7 ducts. While more studies are needed, this preliminary animal model demonstrates efficacy of endoscopic pneumatic lithotripsy for the management of sialolithiasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA rwalve@lsuhsc.edu.
authors.forename: Rohan R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Walvekar
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
authors.forename: Henry T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.affiliation: University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kolenda
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hernandez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000379:methods*; D012465:Salivary Duct Calculi / Q000628:therapy*; D013552:Swine
keywords: endoscopic; lithotripsy; minimal access surgery; pneumatic lithotripsy; salivary gland; salivary stone; sialadenitis; sialendoscopy; sialolithiasis