title: Diabetes Dyslipidemia.
abstract: Diabetes mellitus is associated with a considerably increased risk of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Intensive glycemic control has essentially failed to significantly improve cardiovascular outcomes in clinical trials. Dyslipidemia is common in diabetes and there is strong evidence that cholesterol lowering improves cardiovascular outcomes, even in patients with apparently unremarkable lipid profiles. Here, the authors review the pathophysiology and implications of the alterations in lipoproteins observed in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, the effect of medications commonly used in the management of diabetes on the lipid profile, the evidence for lifestyle and pharmaceutical interventions, and national and international recommendations for the management of dyslipidemia in patients with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. jschofield@doctors.org.uk.|University Department of Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK. jschofield@doctors.org.uk.
authors.forename: Jonathan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Schofield
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Yifen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: University Department of Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Prasanna
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rao-Balakrishna
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.|Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
authors.forename: Rayaz A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.affiliation: University Department of Medicine, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Handrean
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Soran
keywords: Cardiovascular risk; Diabetes; Dyslipidemia; Lipoproteins; Low density lipoprotein cholesterol