title: The Gastric Mucosa from Patients Infected with CagA+ or VacA+ Helicobacter pylori Has a Lower Level of Dual Oxidase-2 Expression than Uninfected or Infected with CagA-/VacA- H. pylori.
abstract: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a well-recognized gastroduodenal pathogen and class I carcinogen. Dual oxidase-2 (DUOX2), a member of NADPH oxidase family, has several critical physiological functions, including thyroid hormone biosynthesis and host mucosal defense.
  
  
  
  To investigate the effect of H. pylori infection on DUOX2 gene expression in human stomach.
  
  
  
  The biopsies were obtained from patients who underwent endoscopic diagnosis. The patient serum was assayed for two virulence factors of H. pylori, CagA IgG and VacA. The inflammation in gastric mucosa was analyzed with histology. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of three members of NADPH oxidase, NOX1, NOX2, and DUOX2, as well as lactoperoxidase (LPO) in the gastric mucosa. NOX2, DUOX2, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) protein levels were quantified by Western blots or immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  
  The H. pylori-infected gastric mucosa had more severe inflammation than uninfected samples. However, the expression of DUOX2 mRNA and protein was lower in gastric mucosa of patients with H. pylori infection compared to the uninfected. Among the H. pylori-infected patients, those having CagA IgG or VacA in the serum had lower DUOX2 expression levels than those infected with H. pylori without either virulence factor. The NOX2 and MPO levels were higher in those patients infected with H. pylori irrespective of the virulence factors than those uninfected patients. NOX1 and LPO mRNA were undetectable in the gastric mucosa.
  
  
  
  CagA+ or VacA+ H. pylori in the stomach of patients may suppress DUOX2 expression to promote its own survival. Increased NOX2 could not eliminate H. pylori infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China.|Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China.|Department of Clinical Laboratory, Puyang Oilfield General Hospital, 124 Daqing Road, Puyang, 457001, Henan Province, China.
authors.forename: Hongqian
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Yunfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China.
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China.
authors.forename: Pan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China.
authors.forename: Dandan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China.
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China.
authors.forename: Moli
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China.
authors.forename: Yanli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China.
authors.forename: Yongchao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
authors.forename: Fong-Fong
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China. gaoq@mail.haust.edu.cn.|Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, 1 Gongliao Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100114, China. gaoq@mail.haust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D000074623:Dual Oxidases; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D005756:Gastritis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D005757:Gastritis, Atrophic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007784:Lactoperoxidase / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D000074624:NADPH Oxidase 1; D000074662:NADPH Oxidase 2; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C074689:VacA protein, Helicobacter pylori; C080866:cagA protein, Helicobacter pylori; D000074623:Dual Oxidases; D007784:Lactoperoxidase; D009195:Peroxidase; C056558:CYBB protein, human; D000074624:NADPH Oxidase 1; D000074662:NADPH Oxidase 2; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; C402799:NOX1 protein, human; C431515:DUOX2 protein, human
keywords: Dual oxidase-2 (DUOX2); Gastric mucosa; Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori); Lactoperoxidase (LPO); NOX2