title: Biosurfactant templated quantum sized fluorescent gold nanoclusters for in vivo bioimaging in zebrafish embryos.
abstract: We report the biosurfactant (sodium cholate) templated bright bluish-green emitting gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) by green chemical approach. Optical properties of the AuNCs were studied using UV-vis and luminescence spectroscopy. Lifetime of the fluorescent AuNCs was measured using time correlated single photon counting technique (TCSPC). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were used to measure the sizes of the clusters. In-vivo toxicity and bioimaging studies of sodium cholate (NaC) templated AuNCs were carried out at different developmental stages of zebrafish embryos. The survival rate, hatching rate, heart rate, malformation and apoptotic gene expression experiments shows no significant toxicity in developing embryos up to 100μL/mL of AuNCs concentration and the AuNCs stained embryos exhibited green fluorescence with high intensity over the period from 4 to 96hpf (hours post fertilization) which shows that AuNCs were stable in living organisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025 Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Chandirasekar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: S
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Cell biology laboratory, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Chandrasekaran
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: C
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025 Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Muthukumarasamyvel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: T
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Cell biology laboratory, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Sudhandiran
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: G
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025 Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: nrajendiar@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Rajendiran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: N
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D005453:Fluorescence; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D010316:Particle Size; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020358:Sodium Cholate / Q000737:chemistry*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015027:Zebrafish; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C587944:bcl2a protein, zebrafish; D006046:Gold; D053148:Caspase 3; D020358:Sodium Cholate
keywords: Bioimaging; Biosurfactant; Fluorescence; Gold nanocluster; Zebrafish