title: A diarylpentanoid curcumin analog exhibits improved radioprotective potential in the intestinal mucosa.
abstract: To best enhance the effects of radiotherapy, it is important to minimize adverse events, including free radical-induced intestinal cell damage. Given the threat of nuclear power plant accidents or nuclear terrorism, there is an urgent need for radioprotectants to counteract the radiation-induced toxicity and/or injuries. Curcumin exhibits protective effects against gamma irradiation; however, its in vivo efficacy is decreased due to the low bioavailability. We examined the radioprotective effect of a newly synthesized curcumin analog, GO-Y031, on 11-Gy X-ray-induced intestinal mucosal damage in mice.
  
  
  
  The radioprotection experiments were conducted by using C57BL/6J or Jcl:ICR mice. Molecules related to radiation damage, including p53, Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, and reactive carbonyl species (RCS), were investigated immunohistochemically.
  
  
  
  GO-Y031 protected against crypt hypoplasia relative to a mock treatment at 0.5% (weight/weight); the number of crypts were 11.00 ± 2.00/circumference (mm) in treated versus 6.86 ± 0.99/mm in mock-treated C57BL/6 mice (p = 0.0079). GO-Y031 also reduced the levels of RCS, p53, and cleaved caspase-3 accumulation in the irradiated intestinal cells.
  
  
  
  GO-Y031 suppresses the accumulation of RCS and apoptosis-related molecules in irradiated cells. This compound may be a good primary radioprotective compound.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Clinical Oncology , Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University , Akita , Japan ;
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory for Radiation Biology , Tohoku University , Sendai , Japan ;
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uehara
authors.affiliation: c Department of Radiation Oncology , Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University , Sendai , Japan ;
authors.forename: Eiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nakata
authors.affiliation: a Department of Clinical Oncology , Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University , Akita , Japan ;
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: a Department of Clinical Oncology , Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University , Akita , Japan ;
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimazu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Clinical Oncology , Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University , Akita , Japan ;
authors.forename: Taichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: d Division of Pathology , Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research , Tokyo , Japan ;
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kanda
authors.affiliation: e Department of Clinical Pathology , Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University , Akita , Japan ;
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nanjo
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory for Radiation Biology , Tohoku University , Sendai , Japan ;
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hosoi
authors.affiliation: f Department of Organic Chemistry , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical, Tohoku University , Sendai , Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamakoshi
authors.affiliation: f Department of Organic Chemistry , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical, Tohoku University , Sendai , Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwabuchi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Clinical Oncology , Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University , Akita , Japan ;
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shibata
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001555:Benzene Derivatives; D003474:Curcumin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D007659:Ketones; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011836:Radiation Tolerance / Q000502:physiology; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013280:Stomatitis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: C541015:1,5-bis(3,5-bis(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one; D001555:Benzene Derivatives; D007659:Ketones; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D003474:Curcumin
keywords: Curcumin; intestinal damage; radioprotection