title: Sleep Quality in Medical Students; the Impact of Over-Use of Mobile Cell-Phone and Social Networks.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Poor sleep quality is closely associated with lifestyle habits including use of mobile cell-phones.This study aimed to identify the relationship between sleep quality due to abuse in mobile cell-phones and engagement in social networks.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study was conducted on 380 undergraduate students selected by proportional stratified sampling in Qom, Iran in 2015. Data were collected by two standard questionnaire including Cell-Phone Over-Use Scale (COS) and Pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaire beside the status of usage in cell-phone social networks. T-test, chi-square, Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate logistic regression were used in data analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of participants was 21.8 ±3.2 yr, 69.1% were female, and 11.7% were married. The mean of COS and sleep quality scores were 48.18 ±17.5 and 5.38 ±2.31, respectively. The prevalence of over-use of cell phone was 10.7% (CI 0.95; 8.8%, 12.6%) and the prevalence of poor sleep quality was 61.7% (CI 0.95; 57.1%, 66.3%). The mean of all aspects and total score of sleep quality showed a direct significant association by cell-phone addiction score except sleep duration score that was inversely. Based on multivariate analysis affected to cell-phone addiction, being male gender and studying in general physician level are the most important predictors of poor sleep quality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Over use of internet and social networks via smart phones is related to poor sleep quality and quantity. Predefined sport programs, educational, cultural, and interesting entertainment are the essential needs for all medical students. These interventions are more important especially for male students who have longer educational.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Health Policy and Promotion Research Center, Qom University Of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
authors.forename: Abolfazl
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohammadbeigi
authors.affiliation: Student Research Committee, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
authors.forename: Rozita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Absari
authors.affiliation: General Practitioner, Genetic Counselor, Deputy of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Babolsar, Iran.
authors.forename: Farzaneh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Valizadeh
authors.affiliation: Student Research Committee, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammadreza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saadati
authors.affiliation: Student Research Committee, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
authors.forename: Soroush
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharifimoghadam
authors.affiliation: Modeling in Health Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmadi
authors.affiliation: MSc of Epidemiology, Health Vic Chancellor, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mokhtari
authors.affiliation: Health Promotion Research Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. ansarih88@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ansari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D040421:Cell Phone / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006184:Habits; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D061108:Social Media / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012944:Social Support; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cell-Phone Over-Use; Internet Addiction; Mobile Addiction; Sleep; Social Networks; Students