title: Development of a Japanese Culturally Modified Version of the Childhood Atopic Dermatitis Impact Scale (JCMV-CADIS).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Childhood Atopic Dermatitis Impact Scale (CADIS) was developed to measure the impact of AD on QoL in both affected children and their families. However, no scale of this kind exists in Japan. The aims of this study were to validate the Japanese Culturally Modified Version of the CADIS (JCMV-CADIS) and to describe the family impact of children with AD in a Japanese context.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants included primary-caregivers for children with AD between 2 and 6 years of age. Interviews were conducted, and new items for the Japanese version were drafted. Reliability and validity were evaluated and compared with the original CADIS, and unique features of the Japanese version were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exploratory factor analysis revealed the following factors: "Symptoms" and "Activity Limitations and Behavior" in the Child domain, and "Emotions Related to Social Factors," "Emotions Related to the Child's Condition," "Family and Social Function," "Complexity of Care," and "Approaches to Management of AD in Daily Life" in the Parent domain. The latter two factors were unique to the JCMV-CADIS and were not derived from the Original. "Emotion" was split into two independent factors. All factors showed good reliability (internal consistency and stability) and validity (concurrent validity and discriminant validity), except for the concurrent validity of "Approaches to Management of AD in Daily Life." This factor seemed to reflect characteristics similar to the family-related function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The JCMV-CADIS is a QoL scale developed for Japanese children with AD and their families. Further evaluation of clinical applicability is needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Nursing, Nagoya City University School of Nursing, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Nursing, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. Electronic address: cyamagu@med.nagoya-cu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Chikae
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatrics, Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Futamura
authors.affiliation: Division of Dermatology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Chamlin
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy, Department of Medical Specialties, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohya
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Midori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asano
mesh_terms: D017028:Caregivers; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D003469:Culture; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
keywords: Atopic dermatitis; Child; Family; Quality of life; Reliability and validity