title: Sex differences in Gadd45b expression and methylation in the developing rodent amygdala.
abstract: Precise spatiotemporal epigenetic regulation of the genome facilitates species-typical development; sexual differentiation of the brain by gonadal hormones and sex chromosomes causes extensive epigenetic reprogramming of many cells in the body, including the brain, and may indirectly predispose males and females to different psychiatric conditions. We and others have demonstrated sex differences in DNA methylation, as well as in the enzymes that form, or 'write', this epigenetic modification. However, while a growing body of evidence suggests that DNA methylation undergoes rapid turnover and is dynamically regulated in vivo, to our knowledge no studies have been done investigating whether sex differences exist in the epigenetic 'erasers' during postnatal development. Here we report sex differences in the expression of growth arrest and DNA damage inducible factor β (Gadd45b), but not family members α (a) or γ (g), in the neonatal and juvenile rodent amygdala.
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1202 W Johnson St., Madison, WI 53706, United States. Electronic address: kigar@wisc.edu.
authors.forename: Stacey L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Kigar
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1202 W Johnson St., Madison, WI 53706, United States. Electronic address: lchang9@wisc.edu.
authors.forename: Liza
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1202 W Johnson St., Madison, WI 53706, United States.
authors.forename: Margaret R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hayne
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1202 W Johnson St., Madison, WI 53706, United States.
authors.forename: Nicolette T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Karls
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1202 W Johnson St., Madison, WI 53706, United States; Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1202 W Johnson St., Madison, WI 53706, United States. Electronic address: apauger@wisc.edu.
authors.forename: Anthony P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Auger
mesh_terms: D000679:Amygdala / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000502:physiology; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D004967:Estrogens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006728:Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013739:Testosterone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D000097642:GADD45 Proteins
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone; D004967:Estrogens; D006728:Hormones; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013739:Testosterone; D000097642:GADD45 Proteins; C499073:Gadd45a protein, rat; C508094:Gadd45b protein, rat
keywords: Amygdala; Epigenetics; Gadd45b; Sex differences