title: Toxicity assessment using different bioassays and microbial biosensors.
abstract: Toxicity assessment of water streams, wastewater, and contaminated sediments, is a very important part of environmental pollution monitoring. Evaluation of biological effects using a rapid, sensitive and cost effective method can indicate specific information on ecotoxicity assessment. Recently, different biological assays for toxicity assessment based on higher and lower organisms such as fish, invertebrates, plants and algal cells, and microbial bioassays have been used. This review focuses on microbial biosensors as an analytical device for environmental, food, and biomedical applications. Different techniques which are commonly used in microbial biosensing include amperometry, potentiometry, conductometry, voltammetry, microbial fuel cells, fluorescence, bioluminescence, and colorimetry. Examples of the use of different microbial biosensors in assessing a variety of environments are summarized.
authors.affiliation: Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, New Valley Branch, 72511 Al-Kharja, Egypt.
authors.forename: Sedky H A
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
authors.forename: Steven W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Van Ginkel
authors.affiliation: Assiut University Mycological Centre (AUMC), Assiut, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed A M
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hussein
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIFO), 11516 Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Romany
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abskharon
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, 200-701 Chuncheon, Kangwon-do, South Korea. Electronic address: ohsangeun@kangwon.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sang-Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Oh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Bioassay; Environmental pollution; Microbial biosensors; Toxicity assessment