title: Single cell analysis in native tissue: Quantification of the retinoid content of hepatic stellate cells.
abstract: Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are retinoid storing cells in the liver: The retinoid content of those cells changes depending on nutrition and stress level. There are also differences with regard to a HSC's anatomical position in the liver. Up to now, retinoid levels were only accessible from bulk measurements of tissue homogenates or cell extracts. Unfortunately, they do not account for the intercellular variability. Herein, Raman spectroscopy relying on excitation by the minimally destructive wavelength 785 nm is introduced for the assessment of the retinoid state of single HSCs in freshly isolated, unprocessed murine liver lobes. A quantitative estimation of the cellular retinoid content is derived. Implications of the retinoid content on hepatic health state are reported. The Raman-based results are integrated with histological assessments of the tissue samples. This spectroscopic approach enables single cell analysis regarding an important cellular feature in unharmed tissue.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany.|Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Germany.
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Galler
authors.affiliation: Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Germany.
authors.forename: Robert Pascal
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Requardt
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany.|Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Germany.
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Glaser
authors.affiliation: Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Germany.
authors.forename: Robby
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Markwart
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany.|Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bocklitz
authors.affiliation: Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Germany.|Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany.|Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Germany.|Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany.|InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Center for Applied Research, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Popp
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany.|Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Germany.|InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Center for Applied Research, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Neugebauer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002138:Calibration; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D004224:Diterpenes; D005260:Female; D055166:Hepatic Stellate Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012176:Retinoids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards; D000084562:Retinyl Esters; D059010:Single-Cell Analysis; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000592:standards; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D004224:Diterpenes; D012176:Retinoids; D000084562:Retinyl Esters; D014801:Vitamin A; C014794:retinol palmitate