title: A proposed model of person-, family-, and culture-centered nursing care.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  For decades person-, patient-, family-centered, and culturally competent care models have been evolving and conceptualized in the literature as separate. To our knowledge, there has not been a systematic approach to comparing all four of these conceptual models of care.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explicate and compare four conceptual care models: person-, patient-, family-centered, and culturally competent care.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comparative concept analysis informed by Rogers' evolutionary concept analysis was used to compare 32 nursing research on person-, patient-, family-centered care, and culturally-competent care published between 2009 and 2013.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Collective results of analyses of 32 nursing research articles found 12 attributes: collaborative relationship, effective communication, respectful care, holistic perspective, individualized care, inter-professional coordination, self-awareness, empowerment, family as unit of care, interpersonal relationships, cultural knowledge, and cultural skills. Antecedents included: lack of empirical evidence, poor patient outcomes, implementation problems, knowledge deficits, patient/parent emotional distress, poor patient-provider relationships, and health disparities. Consequences included: improved health-related outcomes, increased satisfaction, enhanced patient/family-provider relationships, reduced hospitalization, improved quality of life, improved quality of parent-child relationships, increased trust, enrollment in research, insights about biases, and appreciation for cultural differences. Social justice, advocated by scholars and national organizations, was absent from all studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings informed the proposed blended conceptual care framework that embraces the attributes of each care model and includes social justice.
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Nursing, Madison, WI. Electronic address: mlor2@wisc.edu.
authors.forename: Maichou
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lor
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Nursing, Madison, WI.
authors.forename: Natasha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Crooks
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Nursing, Madison, WI.
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tluczek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D065246:Culturally Competent Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D022143:Family Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016294:Models, Nursing; D017146:Models, Organizational; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D018802:Patient-Centered Care / Q000458:organization & administration*
keywords: Concept analysis; Cultural competency; Family centered; Patient centered; Person centered