title: 16α, 17α-epoxypregnenolone-20-oxime inhibits NO and IL-6 production in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells.
abstract: It has previously been reported that 16α, 17α-epoxypregnenolone-20-oxime (EPREGO) exerts an inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression in microglia. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of EPREGO on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced inflammatory response in RAW264.7 macrophage cells, and to determine the underlying molecular mechanisms using western blot analysis, enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assays and fluorescence‑activated cell sorting. The present study demonstrated that LPS‑induced production of NO and interleukin (IL)-6, and the protein expression levels of iNOS, were reduced by EPREGO in a dose‑ and time‑dependent manner, whereas, EPREGO did not affect tumor necrosis factor‑α production. In addition, EPREGO suppressed LPS‑induced cellular reactive oxygen species production and phagocytosis. Furthermore, EPREGO significantly inhibited the LPS‑induced activation of mitogen‑activated protein kinases and inhibitor of κB α degradation in LPS‑stimulated RAW264.7 cells, thus resulting in modulation of the production of NO and IL‑6. Taken together, these results suggest that EPREGO exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in macrophages, thus validating the hypothesis that EPREGO may be useful as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of macrophage-mediated inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Disease Animal Model Research Center (DMARC), College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hu-Nan
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Disease Animal Model Research Center (DMARC), College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ying-Hao
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Disease Animal Model Research Center (DMARC), College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Disease Animal Model Research Center (DMARC), College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Cheng-Hao
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Disease Animal Model Research Center (DMARC), College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Disease Animal Model Research Center (DMARC), College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neurobiology School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative Bioresearch Group (BK21 plus project), Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Soek
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tea-Ho
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Disease Animal Model Research Center (DMARC), College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Le-Gong
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Disease Animal Model Research Center (DMARC), College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wen-Zhong
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Disease Animal Model Research Center (DMARC), College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yu-Dong
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Cui
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010091:Oximes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010091:Oximes; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide