title: Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) based controlled release topical gel of clobetasol propionate: design and in vivo characterization.
abstract: Nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC)-based gel was developed as a potential topical system for clobetasol propionate (CP) topical delivery for the treatment of eczema. The characterizations of the prepared NLC formulation for topical application on the skin were assessed by means of morphology (SEM), particle size distribution, zeta potential analysis, drug entrapment efficiency, and in vitro drug release studies to select the optimized NLC formulation. The optimized NLC formulation encompasses particle size of 137.9 nm with -20.5 mV zeta potential and 0.224 polydispersity index which indicates good stability of NLC dispersion. NLC formulation showed a good entrapment efficiency of 78.5 % ± 0.03 with cumulative in vitro release 85.42 % up to 24 h. The optimized NLC formulation was suitably gelled and characterized for rheology, drug content, ex vivo drug permeation studies, and drug release kinetics studies. The permeation study revealed that the permeability parameters like steady-state flux (Jss), permeability coefficient (Kp), and enhancement ratio were significantly higher for NLC-based gel formulation as compared to marketed formulation of clobetasol propionate. The value of r (2) (Korsmeyer-Peppas equation) indicated good linearity showing anomalous (non-Fickian) diffusion viz. drug release is controlled by more than one process, i.e., superposition of both phenomenon, the diffusion controlled as well as swelling controlled release. The anti-inflammatory activity of NLC gel via paw oedema technique showed a rapid onset of action, as well as a prolonged duration of action as compared with the marketed gel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, UP, India.
authors.forename: Upendra
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Nagaich
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, UP, India. ngulati88@gmail.com.|School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad, UP, India. ngulati88@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Neha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gulati
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002351:Carrageenan; D002990:Clobetasol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D065546:Drug Liberation; D004355:Drug Stability; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005782:Gels / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D008055:Lipids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D010539:Permeability; D051381:Rats; D012212:Rheology; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism; D012869:Skin Absorption; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005782:Gels; D008055:Lipids; D002351:Carrageenan; D002990:Clobetasol
keywords: Clobetasol propionate; Eczema; Lipoidal nanoparticles; NLC-based gel; Permeation studies