title: Mueller matrix microscope: a quantitative tool to facilitate detections and fibrosis scorings of liver cirrhosis and cancer tissues.
abstract: Today the increasing cancer incidence rate is becoming one of the biggest threats to human health.Among all types of cancers, liver cancer ranks in the top five in both frequency and mortality rate all over the world. During the development of liver cancer, fibrosis often evolves as part of a healing process in response to liver damage, resulting in cirrhosis of liver tissues. In a previous study, we applied the Mueller matrix microscope to pathological liver tissue samples and found that both the Mueller matrix polar decomposition (MMPD) and Mueller matrix transformation (MMT) parameters are closely related to the fibrous microstructures. In this paper,we take this one step further to quantitatively facilitate the fibrosis detections and scorings of pathological liver tissue samples in different stages from cirrhosis to cancer using the Mueller matrix microscope. The experimental results of MMPD and MMT parameters for the fibrotic liver tissue samples in different stages are measured and analyzed. We also conduct Monte Carlo simulations based on the sphere birefringence model to examine in detail the influence of structural changes in different fibrosis stages on the imaging parameters. Both the experimental and simulated results indicate that the polarized light microscope and transformed Mueller matrix parameter scan provide additional quantitative information helpful for fibrosis detections and scorings of liver cirrhosis and cancers. Therefore, the polarized light microscope and transformed Mueller matrix parameters have a good application prospect in liver cancer diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Tsinghua University, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Institute of Optical Imaging and Sensing, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, 2279 Lishui Street, Shenzhen 518055, ChinabTsinghua University, Department of Physics, 1 Tsinghu.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Tsinghua University, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Institute of Optical Imaging and Sensing, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, 2279 Lishui Street, Shenzhen 518055, China.
authors.forename: Honghui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Tsinghua University, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Institute of Optical Imaging and Sensing, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, 2279 Lishui Street, Shenzhen 518055, ChinabTsinghua University, Department of Physics, 1 Tsinghu.
authors.forename: Jintao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Tsinghua University, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Institute of Optical Imaging and Sensing, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, 2279 Lishui Street, Shenzhen 518055, ChinacTsinghua University, Department of Biomedical Enginee.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Sixth People's Hospital (Nanshan Hospital), 89 Taoyuan Street, Shenzhen 518052, China.
authors.forename: Shaoxiong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou Liss Optical Instrument Factory, 81 Taojinbei Street, Guangzhou 510095, China.
authors.forename: Migao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Tsinghua University, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Institute of Optical Imaging and Sensing, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, 2279 Lishui Street, Shenzhen 518055, China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Tsinghua University, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Institute of Optical Imaging and Sensing, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, 2279 Lishui Street, Shenzhen 518055, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Tsinghua University, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Institute of Optical Imaging and Sensing, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, 2279 Lishui Street, Shenzhen 518055, ChinabTsinghua University, Department of Physics, 1 Tsinghu.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods*; D009010:Monte Carlo Method