title: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluations of Lipid Anti-Cancer Nanoformulations: Insights and Assessment of Bioavailability Enhancement.
abstract: Lipid-based nanoformulations have been extensively investigated for improving oral efficacy of plethora of drugs. Chemotherapeutic agents remain a preferred option for effective management of cancer; however, most chemotherapeutic agents suffer from limitation of poor oral bioavailability that is associated with their physicochemical properties. Drug delivery via lipid-based nanosystems possesses strong rational and potential for improving oral bioavailability of such anti-cancer molecules through various mechanisms, viz. improving their gut solubilisation owing to micellization, improving mucosal permeation, improving lymphatic uptake, inhibiting intestinal metabolism and/or inhibiting P-glycoprotein efflux of molecules in the gastrointestinal tract. Various in vitro characterization techniques have been reported in literature that aid in getting insights into mechanisms of lipid-based nanodevices in improving oral efficacy of anti-cancer drugs. The review focuses on different characterization techniques that can be employed for evaluation of lipid-based nanosystems and their role in effective anti-cancer drug delivery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, 400098, India.
authors.forename: Ankitkumar S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, 400098, India.
authors.forename: Vivek V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Dhawan
authors.affiliation: INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto Rua do Campo Alegre, 823 - 4150-180, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sarmento
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai, 400098, India. mangal.nagarsenker@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mangal S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Nagarsenker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008066:Lipolysis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D008055:Lipids
keywords: bioavailability; ex vivo; in vitro; lipid; nanosystems