title: Violation of Bans on Tobacco Advertising and Promotion at Points of Sale in Viet Nam: Trend from 2009 - 2015.
abstract: Comprehensive bans on tobacco advertising and promotion were introduced through tobacco control legislation in Viet Nam, but it has been established that violations of the bans are very common. This study was conducted to explore the trend in violations of bans on tobacco advertising and promotion at points of sale in Viet Nam in the past six years and to explore any differences in the violation situations before and after the Law on Tobacco Control came into effect on 1st May 2013. Quantitative data were collected through observation of violations of the bans on tobacco advertising and promotion at points of sale in 10 provinces throughout Viet Nam in four survey rounds (2009, 2010, 2011, and 2015). Variation in violation prevalence over time was examined by chi-square test using a Bonferini method. Binary logistic regression was employed to identify the factors that may have influences on different types of violation. A level of significance of p<0.05 was used for all tests in this article. The most common form of violation was the display of more than one pack/one carton of a cigarette brand. Violation of bans on tobacco advertising increased while violations on promotion ban and on displaying tobacco decreased through time. Some factors associated with the tobacco advertising and promotion bans included surveyed years, types of points of sale, regions and areas where the points of sale were located. The enforcement of the bans did not improve even after the issuance and the enactment of the Law on Tobacco Control. This suggests that the monitoring and enforcement of bans on tobacco advertising and promotion at points of sale should be strengthened. Penalties should be strictly applied for violators as indicated in the current tobacco control legislation.
authors.affiliation: Hanoi School of Public Health, Hanoi, Viet Nam E-mail : tkl@hsph.edu.vn; lth@hsph.edu.vn.
authors.forename: Le Thi Thanh
authors.initials: le TT
authors.lastname: Huong
authors.forename: Tran Khanh
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Phung Xuan
authors.initials: PX
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: Do Phuc
authors.initials: do P
authors.lastname: Huyen
authors.forename: Phan Thuy
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Linh
authors.forename: Nguyen Ngoc
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Bich
authors.forename: Nguyen Xuan
authors.initials: NX
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Le Vu
authors.initials: le V
authors.lastname: Anh
authors.forename: Tran Thi
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Tuyet-Hanh
mesh_terms: D000329:Advertising / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D019460:Tobacco Industry / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D062789:Tobacco Products / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D014744:Vietnam / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution