title: New directions in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase biology.
abstract: Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) regulate the function of target proteins by modifying them with ADP-ribose, a large and unique post-translational modification. Humans express 17 PARPs; however, historically, much of the focus has been on PARP1 and its function in DNA damage repair. Recent work has uncovered an amazing diversity of function for these enzymes including the regulation of fundamental physiological processes in the cell and at the organismal level, as well as new roles in regulating cellular stress responses. In this review, we discuss recent advancements in our understanding of this important protein family, and technological developments that have been critical for moving the field forward. Finally, we discuss new directions that we feel are important areas of further scientific exploration.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, UK.|Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, UK.
authors.forename: Florian J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Bock
authors.affiliation: Ribon Therapeutics, Lexington, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004260:DNA Repair; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D005810:Multigene Family; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases
keywords: ADP-ribosylation; poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases; post-translational modification; stress response