title: Role of physical activity and sleep duration in growth and body composition of preschool-aged children.
abstract: The impact of physical activity patterns and sleep duration on growth and body composition of preschool-aged children remains unresolved. Aims were (1) to delineate cross-sectional associations among physical activity components, sleep, total energy expenditure (TEE), and body size and composition; and (2) to determine whether physical activity components, sleep, and TEE predict 1-year changes in body size and composition in healthy preschool-aged children.
  
  
  
  Anthropometry, body composition, accelerometry, and TEE by doubly labeled water were measured at baseline; anthropometry and body composition were repeated 1 year later (n = 111).
  
  
  
  Cross-sectionally, positive associations between sedentary activity and weight and fat-free mass (FFM) (P = 0.009-0.047), and a negative association between moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and percent fat mass (FM) (P = 0.015) were observed. TEE and activity energy expenditure (AEE) were positively associated with weight, body mass index (BMI), FFM, and FM (P = 0.0001-0.046). Prospectively, TEE, AEE, physical activity level, and MVPA, but not sedentary activity, were positively associated with changes in BMI (P = 0.0001-0.051) and FFM (P = 0.0001-0.037), but not percent FM. Sleep duration inversely predicted changes in FM (P = 0.005) and percent FM (P = 0.006).
  
  
  
  Prospectively, MVPA, TEE, AEE, and physical activity level promote normal growth and accretion of FFM, whereas sleep duration inversely predicts changes in adiposity in preschool-aged children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Nancy F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Butte
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Maurice R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Puyau
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Theresa A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: William W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Anne L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Adolph
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Issa F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Zakeri
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D049628:Body Size; D001835:Body Weight; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012890:Sleep