title: Characterisation of films and nanopaper obtained from cellulose synthesised by acetic acid bacteria.
abstract: Bacterial cellulose (BC) samples were obtained using two culture media (glucose and glucose+fructose) and two bacteria (Komagataeibacter rhaeticus and Komagataeibacter hansenii). Nanopaper was obtained from the BC through oxidation and both were studied to determine the impact of culture media and bacteria strain on nanofiber structure and mechanical properties. AFM and SEM were used to investigate fibre dimensions and network morphology; FTIR and XRD to determine cellulose purity and crystallinity; carboxyl content, degree of polymerisation and zeta potential were used to characterise nanofibers. Tensile testing showed that nanopaper has up to 24 times higher Young's modulus (7.39GPa) than BC (0.3GPa). BC displayed high water retention values (86-95%) and a degree of polymerisation up to 2540. Nanofibers obtained were 80-120nm wide and 600-1200nm long with up to 15% higher crystallinity than the original BC. It was concluded that BC is an excellent source for easily obtainable, highly crystalline and strong nanofibers.
authors.affiliation: Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, 27 Dzerbenes St., LV 1006 Riga, Latvia. Electronic address: linda.rzb@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rozenberga
authors.affiliation: Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, 27 Dzerbenes St., LV 1006 Riga, Latvia. Electronic address: polarlapsa@inbox.lv.
authors.forename: Marite
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skute
authors.affiliation: Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, 27 Dzerbenes St., LV 1006 Riga, Latvia. Electronic address: mlubova.belkova@edi.lvail.
authors.forename: Lubova
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Belkova
authors.affiliation: Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, 27 Dzerbenes St., LV 1006 Riga, Latvia. Electronic address: inese.sable@inbox.lv.
authors.forename: Inese
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sable
authors.affiliation: Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, 27 Dzerbenes St., LV 1006 Riga, Latvia; University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, Riga, Latvia. Electronic address: laura.vikele@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vikele
authors.affiliation: University of Latvia, Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kronvalda Blvd. 4, LV 1586 Riga, Latvia. Electronic address: psem@latnet.lv.
authors.forename: Pavels
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Semjonovs
authors.affiliation: University of Latvia, Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kronvalda Blvd. 4, LV 1586 Riga, Latvia. Electronic address: madara.saka@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Madara
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saka
authors.affiliation: University of Latvia, Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kronvalda Blvd. 4, LV 1586 Riga, Latvia. Electronic address: coryne@inbox.lv.
authors.forename: Maija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruklisha
authors.affiliation: University of Latvia, Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kronvalda Blvd. 4, LV 1586 Riga, Latvia. Electronic address: juniper@inbox.lv.
authors.forename: Longina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Paegle
mesh_terms: D016947:Acetobacteraceae / Q000378:metabolism*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D005632:Fructose / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D057139:Nanofibers; D010209:Paper; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D005632:Fructose; D002482:Cellulose; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Bacterial cellulose; Cellulose nanofibers; Komagataeibacter hansenii; Komagataeibacter rhaeticus; Mechanical properties; Nanopaper