title: Types of integration and depressive symptoms: A latent class analysis on the resettled population for the Three Gorges dam project, China.
abstract: Focusing on China's Three Gorges Project (TGP)-Induced Resettlement, the largest scale resettlement induced by a single development project, this study aims to investigate different types of integration patterns among the TGP re-settlers and how modes of integration associate with depressive symptoms. Using Latent Class Analysis, we analyzed survey data on 407 TGP re-settlers. We detected three integration patterns among these re-settlers: the fully integrated (68%), the culturally and economically integrated (21%) and the unintegrated (11%). We found that different integration types were linked to different levels of depressive symptoms. Unless fully integrated and experienced a warm feeling toward new community, re-settlers were vulnerable to elevated depressive symptoms. Our findings that culturally and economically integrated re-settlers had similar levels of depressive symptoms as the unintegrated re-settlers highlighted the importance of subjective dimension of integration and resettlement. We also found that rural re-settlers and those who move with the whole village were more likely to fall into the unintegrated category. Policy implications were discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sociology, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-1905, USA. Electronic address: jx@uakron.edu.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D004641:Emigration and Immigration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011157:Population Dynamics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D045483:Rivers; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends; D012939:Social Planning; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: China; Depressive symptoms; Integration; Latent class analysis; Resettlement