title: Antiviral molecules correlate with vitamin D pathway genes and are associated with natural resistance to HIV-1 infection.
abstract: The relationship between the immunomodulatory effects of Vitamin D (VitD) and the expression of anti-HIV-1 molecules has not been explored in HIV-1-exposed seronegative individuals (HESNs). Higher mRNA levels of cathelicidin and HAD-4 in oral-mucosa and peripheral-blood, along with higher CYP24A1 mRNA in vaginal-mucosa and lower TLR2 mRNA in endocervical-mucosa were found in HESNs compared to non-exposed controls. Furthermore, the mRNA of anti-HIV molecules Elafin, TRIM5, Cathelicidin, HAD-4 and RNase7, previously associated with natural resistance to HIV-1 infection, positively correlated with the mRNA expression of VDR in HESNs, suggesting the potential participation of VitD in natural resistance to HIV-1.
authors.affiliation: Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Wbeimar
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Aguilar-Jimenez
authors.affiliation: Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia; Grupo Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: Wildeman
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zapata
authors.affiliation: Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia. Electronic address: maria.rugeles@udea.edu.co.
authors.forename: María T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Rugeles
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007155:Immunologic Factors; D014807:Vitamin D
keywords: Antiviral agents; HIV-1; HIV-1-exposed seronegative individuals (HESNs); Natural resistance to HIV-1; Vitamin D