title: Effect of retinyl acetate on transglutaminase 2 activity in carcinogen treated rat liver.
abstract: Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) has been implicated in wound healing, cellular differentiation, apoptosis and cell survival. TG2 activity increases following acute and chronic liver injury; however, the role of TG2 in tumors, is controversial. TG2 is a retinoid-inducible enzyme. We investigated the effects of retinyl acetate (RA) on the activity and levels of TG2 during the initiation and promotion stages of liver cancer. p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene (p-DAB) was used as initiator and 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) was used as promoter in our model of carcinogenesis. Rats were divided into four groups of 24: control, corn oil control, p-DAB + TCDD, and p-DAB + TCDD + RA. Six rats from each group were sacrificed at days 30, 60, 90 and 120. TG2 activity decreased in the p-DAB + TCDD treated group, but TG2 immunostaining scores did not change by days 90 and 120. Neither TG2 enzyme activity nor the immunostaining score of TG2 protein changed in the tissues of the p-DAB + TCDD + RA group by days 90 and 120. TG2 activity was not be ameliorated by RA during the initiation or promotion stages of carcinogen induced liver cancer.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Biochemistry , Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University , Eskisehir , Turkey.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Aydin
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Biochemistry , Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University , Eskisehir , Turkey.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Akyuz
authors.affiliation: b Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology , Faculty of Science and Letters, Aksaray University , Aksaray , Turkey.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tekin
authors.affiliation: c Department of Medical Biology , Eskisehir , Turkey.
authors.forename: Mc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ustuner
authors.affiliation: c Department of Medical Biology , Eskisehir , Turkey.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Degirmenci
authors.affiliation: d Department of Histology and Embryology , Eskisehir , Turkey.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Burukoglu
authors.affiliation: e Department of Anatomy , Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University , Eskisehir , Turkey.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozden
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004224:Diterpenes; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects*; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000084562:Retinyl Esters; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000378:metabolism*; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D004224:Diterpenes; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D000084562:Retinyl Esters; C000717609:Tgm2 protein, rat; D014801:Vitamin A; C009166:retinol acetate; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D011503:Transglutaminases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins
keywords: carcinogen; liver; rat; retinyl acetate; transglutaminase 2