title: Microbial production of four biodegradable siderophores under submerged fermentation.
abstract: Four siderophore analogues were isolated and purified from Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp. ST13, and Streptomyces pilosus microorganisms under some specific submerged fermentation conditions. In order to evaluate the highest production of this siderophore analogues through the growth, a rapid spectrophotometric screening semi-quantitative method was used, in which interestingly the analogues were isolated in its own form not its iron chelate. After chromatographic separation, the chemical structures of the isolated and purified siderophores were illustrated using detailed spectroscopic techniques. The biodegradation studies were done on that four novel isolated and purified siderophores following OECD protocols. In addition, the bioactivities of these siderophores and their iron complexes were examined and evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia; Applied Research Sector, Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA Holding Company), 51 Wezaret El Zeraa Street, Agouza, Giza, Egypt. Electronic address: aefazary@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ahmed E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Fazary
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ayed S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Al-Shihri
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammad Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Alfaifi
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Kamel A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Saleh
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Alshehri
authors.affiliation: Applied Research Sector, Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA Holding Company), 51 Wezaret El Zeraa Street, Agouza, Giza, Egypt.
authors.forename: Serag Eldin I
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Elbehairi
authors.affiliation: Chemical Engineering Department, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Keelung Rd., Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Hsu
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Ju
mesh_terms: D001407:Bacillus / Q000737:chemistry; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000737:chemistry; D005285:Fermentation; D017262:Siderophores / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D017262:Siderophores
keywords: Bioactivities; Biodegradation; Isolation; Microorganisms; Purification; Siderophores