title: Influence of mandibular tori on stomatognathic system function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To verify the influence of prominent mandibular tori on the functioning of the stomatognathic system.
  
  
  METHODS
  The participants included 40 individuals, divided into two groups: those with mandibular tori (GI group: 20 subjects) and those without mandibular tori (GII group: 20 subjects). The authors used the Myosystem-Br1 electromyography system to analyze electromyographic (EMG) activity. For muscle thickness, images of the masseter and temporalis muscles were captured using the NanoMaxx ultrasound. The maximal molar bite force was obtained by means of the Kratos digital dynamometer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The EMG activity was higher in the masseter muscles in the GI group, compared with the GII group, in all clinical conditions assessed except for the mandibular at rest. In dynamic conditions, this higher EMG activity was also observed in the temporalis muscles. The GI group presented significantly less temporalis muscle thickness than seen in the GII group. The maximal bite force was significantly higher in the GI group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mandibular tori promoted morphological and functional changes in the stomatognathic system.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto Dental School , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil.|b Department of Dentistry , University State of Montes Claros , Montes Claros , Brazil.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mendes da Silva
authors.affiliation: a Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto Dental School , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil.|b Department of Dentistry , University State of Montes Claros , Montes Claros , Brazil.
authors.forename: Cássia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pérola Dos Anjos Braga Pires
authors.affiliation: a Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto Dental School , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil.
authors.forename: Laíse
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Angélica Mendes Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: a Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto Dental School , University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palinkas
authors.affiliation: c Department of Dentistry , Federal University of Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , Brazil.
authors.forename: Graziela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: de Luca Canto
authors.affiliation: d Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology , Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Batista de Vasconcelos
authors.affiliation: d Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology , Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Valéria Rancan
authors.affiliation: d Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology , Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil.
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Semprini
authors.affiliation: d Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology , Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil.
authors.forename: Selma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siéssere
authors.affiliation: d Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology , Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , Brazil.
authors.forename: Simone Cecilio Hallak
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Regalo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001732:Bite Force; D001938:Brazil; D004576:Electromyography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008406:Masseter Muscle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008963:Molar; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D013284:Stomatognathic System / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013703:Temporal Muscle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Mandibular tori; Masticatory muscles; Stomatognathic system