title: Birdshot Retinochoroidopathy: Differences in Clinical Characteristics between Patients with Early and Late Age of Onset.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe differences in the clinical characteristics of birdshot retinochoroidopathy (BSRC) patients diagnosed early and later in life.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective cohort study. Age was primarily analyzed and 50 years of age at diagnosis was selected as a cut-off point.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 144 patients (288 eyes) were included; 68 with early-onset and 76 with late-onset BSRC. The younger group had a statistically significant higher rate of more severe iritis (p = 0.04); an average number of non-steroidal immunosuppressants and biologic agents (NSIB) (p = 0.04); and a prolonged time to initiation of NSIB (p = 0.01). There were only four patients (3%) who had >0.5+ cells in the anterior chamber.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with early-onset BSRC carried a higher risk for anterior segment inflammation, had a more prolonged delay to initiation of treatment with NSIB, and required a greater number of NSIBs to achieve remission.
authors.affiliation: a Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution , Waltham , Massachusetts , USA.|b Ocular Immunology & Uveitis Foundation , Waltham , Massachusetts , USA.|c Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Rajavithi Hospital, College of Medicine , Rangsit University , Bangkok , Thailand.
authors.forename: Sukhum
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Silpa-Archa
authors.affiliation: a Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution , Waltham , Massachusetts , USA.|b Ocular Immunology & Uveitis Foundation , Waltham , Massachusetts , USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: a Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution , Waltham , Massachusetts , USA.|b Ocular Immunology & Uveitis Foundation , Waltham , Massachusetts , USA.|d Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital , Mahidol University , Bangkok , Thailand.
authors.forename: Sutasinee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boonsopon
authors.affiliation: a Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution , Waltham , Massachusetts , USA.|b Ocular Immunology & Uveitis Foundation , Waltham , Massachusetts , USA.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: a Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution , Waltham , Massachusetts , USA.|b Ocular Immunology & Uveitis Foundation , Waltham , Massachusetts , USA.
authors.forename: Janine M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Preble
authors.affiliation: a Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution , Waltham , Massachusetts , USA.|b Ocular Immunology & Uveitis Foundation , Waltham , Massachusetts , USA.|e Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts , USA.
authors.forename: C Stephen
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Foster
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000080365:Birdshot Chorioretinopathy; D002825:Chorioretinitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069285:Infliximab / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007500:Iritis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014792:Visual Acuity; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D001685:Biological Factors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D000069285:Infliximab; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid
keywords: Birdshot retinochoroidopathy; early-onset; inflammation; late-onset