title: miR-196, an Emerging Cancer Biomarker for Digestive Tract Cancers.
abstract: Over the past decade, the emergence of microRNA (miRNA) research has firmly established this molecular family as a key component in cells. MiRNAs, which function as negative gene regulators, participate in multiple biological processes and maintain homeostasis in cells. The dysregulation of miRNA may contribute to numerous human disorders, including cancer. Recently, miR-196 was found to be aberrantly expressed in a wide range of malignant diseases, which suggests that it plays important roles in carcinogenesis. Here, we summarize the current knowledge concerning miR-196 family in cancers. This review includes miR-196 gene structure and aberrant expression in various cancers, and current understanding of numerous functions and regulatory targets of miR-196 in specific cancers. Since miR-196 are consistently found over-expressed in digestive tract cancer tissues, we also reviewed the clinical significance and potential applications of miR-196 in these cancers. We highlight that miR-196 may serve as an emerging cancer biomarker for digestive tract cancers.
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
authors.forename: Ya-Ching
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: 2. Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
authors.forename: Joseph T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
authors.forename: Err-Cheng
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: 3. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
authors.forename: Yin-Kai
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.affiliation: 4. Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
authors.forename: Ta-Sen
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.affiliation: 5. Department of Colorectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jinn-Shiun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
authors.forename: Ann-Joy
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Cheng
keywords: cancer; clinical application; miR-196; regulatory mechanism.