title: Metabolic and histopathological effects of sleeve gastrectomy and gastric plication: an experimental rodent model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity has recently become a major health problem, and researchers have been directed to work toward the development of surgical techniques, with new mediators playing an important role in nutrition. Gastric plication (GP) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) have become popular recently. These are widely used techniques in bariatric surgery.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we aimed to compare the efficiency of SG and GP techniques on rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar-Hannover rats (n=18) were divided into three equal groups, namely SG, GP, and control. Blood samples were taken before the operation and on the 30th day after the operation. The weights of all rats were recorded both on first day and the 30th day after the operation. Serum gastrin, ghrelin, and leptin levels were also measured on the same days. For histopathological examination, gastrectomy was performed after the animals were sacrificed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Average weight loss was 10% for the SG group and 6.5% for the GP group. One month after the operations, the decrease in the ghrelin and leptin levels of GP and SG groups was significant compared with the levels of the control group. Gastrin levels of the SG group increased significantly compared with those of the control group. Histopathological examination revealed that there was significant decrease in the ghrelin and leptin levels of the GP and SG groups compared with those of the control group. Foveolar hyperplasia (FH), cystic glandular dilatation, and fibrosis were significantly higher in the GP and SG groups compared with the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although GP is not as effective as SG in terms of weight loss, it provides the same effectiveness in decreasing ghrelin and leptin levels. Histopathological findings revealed that FH, fibrosis, and the cystic glandular dilatation development rates were similar.
authors.affiliation: General Surgery Clinic, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey; drosmanbilgin@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Osman Bilgin
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Gulcicek
authors.affiliation: General Surgery Clinic, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kamil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ozdogan
authors.affiliation: General Surgery Clinic, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Solmaz
authors.affiliation: General Surgery Clinic, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yigitbas
authors.affiliation: Pathology Clinic, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Serdar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Altınay
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Clinic, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aysegul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gunes
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Medicine, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Duygu Sultan
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.affiliation: General Surgery Clinic, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Erkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yavuz
authors.affiliation: General Surgery Clinic, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Atilla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.affiliation: General Surgery Clinic, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Celebi
keywords: gastric plication; obesity; sleeve gastrectomy