title: LDL-lowering therapy and the risk of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis of 6 randomized controlled trials and 36 observational studies.
abstract: The role of statins in preventing prostate cancer is currently a controversial issue. The aim of this review is to investigate the effects of statins use on prostate cancer risk. Electronic databases (the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov) were searched systematically up to April, 2015. Weighted averages were reported as relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Statistic heterogeneity scores were assessed with the standard Cochran's Q test and I(2) statistic. The pooled estimates of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and retrospective studies suggest that statins have a neutral effect on total prostate cancer (RR = 1·02, 95% CI: 0·90-1·14; and RR = 0·91, 95% CI: 0·79-1·02, respectively). This research provides no evidence to suggest that the use of statins for cholesterol lowering is beneficial for the prevention of low-grade or localized prostate cancer, although a plausible association between statins use and the reduction risk of advanced (RR = 0·87, 95% CI: 0·82-0·91) or high-grade prostate cancer (RR = 0·83, 95% CI: 0·66-0·99) is observed. Furthermore, it shows that prostate cancer risk does not statistically significant benefit from long-term statins use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.|Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shiyou
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.|Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhuang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.|Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Pan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.|Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.|Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D056808:Biostatistics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D064887:Observational Studies as Topic; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents