title: Evidence for decreased expression of APPL1 associated with reduced insulin and adiponectin receptors expression in PCOS patients.
abstract: To investigate the expression of Adaptor protein containing a PH domain, PTB domain and leucine zipper motif 1 (APPL1), insulin receptor (INSR), adiponectin and adiponectin receptors (adipoR1 and R2) and their possible associations in granulosa cells (GCs) of 22 polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women compared to the 22 non-PCOS controls with normal ovulatory function matched for BMI (body mass index).
  
  
  
  In this study, 44 infertile women aged 18-40 years undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) protocol were recruited. After follicular fluid collection, GCs were isolated and then purified with MACS (Micro Beads conjugated to monoclonal anti-human CD45 antibodies). RNA was extracted from GCs and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to assess APPL1 gene expression.
  
  
  
  Expression of APPL1, insulin receptor and adiponectin system genes was significantly decreased in PCOS group compared to the controls.
  
  
  
  Reduction of APPL1, insulin receptor and adiponectin system genes in GCs could be involved in the development of PCOS.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dehghan
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saidijam
authors.forename: M
authors.lastname: Mehdizadeh
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shabab
authors.affiliation: Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yavangi
authors.affiliation: Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. artimani@umsha.ac.ir.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Artimani
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; C464801:APPL1 protein, human; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin; D011972:Receptor, Insulin
keywords: APPL 1; Adiponectin; Adiponectin receptor; Granulosa cell; Insulin receptor; Polycystic ovary syndrome