title: Surgical Treatment of Congenital Mitral Valve Dysplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Congenital mitral valve (MV) dysplasia is a relatively rare and highly complex cardiac disease. We present our results and illustrate the techniques used to repair these valves.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1972 and 2014, 100 consecutive patients underwent surgical repair of congenital MV dysplasia at our institution. Predominant MV regurgitation was present in 53 patients (53%) whereas mitral stenosis was prevalent in 47 (47%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were five early (5%) and eight late deaths (9%). Actuarial survival was 95%, 94%, and 93% at 5, 10, and 20 years, respectively. Sixteen patients (18%) required reintervention due to subsequent MV dysfunction. Actuarial freedom from reintervention for MV dysfunction was 95%, 92%, and 89% at 5, 10, and 20 years, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mechanism underlying the valve dysfunction in congenital mitral valve dysplasia is multifactorial and requires the application of a variety of surgical techniques for repair. doi: 10.1111/jocs.12743 (J Card Surg 2016;31:352-356).
authors.affiliation: Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Vladimiro L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Vida
authors.affiliation: Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimiliano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carrozzini
authors.affiliation: Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Padalino
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Child and Woman's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Ornella
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Milanesi
authors.affiliation: Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stellin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult