title: Effects of ecologically relevant concentrations of cadmium in a freshwater fish.
abstract: Sub-chronic effects of ecologically relevant concentrations of cadmium (Cd) were evaluated in the catfish Rhamdia quelen. The fish were exposed to Cd (0, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100μgL(-1)) for 15 days. Bioconcentration was observed in the liver of fish exposed to 10 and 100μgL(-1) of cadmium. The liver glutathione S-transferase activity decreased at 0.1 and 1μgL(-1) and increased at 100μgL(-1) and lipoperoxidation increased in all tested concentrations. Fish exposed to 0.1, 1 and 100µgL(-1) Cd presented increase in hepatic lesion index. In the kidney, the catalase activity and LPO reduced in all exposed groups. The gluthatione peroxidase, etoxiresorufin-O-deethylase activities and metallothionein increased at the highest concentration of Cd, but the level of reduced glutathione decreased. The genotoxicity was observed at 0.1 and 100μgL(-1). Neurotoxicity was not observed. The results showed that low concentrations (range of μgL(-1)) of Cd caused hepato-, nephro- and hematological alterations in this freshwater fish species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: J L C
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ribas
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vicari
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stival
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Baldan
authors.affiliation: Nacional Institute of Amazon Research (INPA), Brazil.
authors.forename: F X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Valdez Domingos
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Grassi
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Brazil.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Cestari
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Parana, Brazil. Electronic address: helassis@ufpr.br.
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Silva de Assis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002397:Catfishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000378:metabolism; D005618:Fresh Water; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D008668:Metallothionein; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Biomarkers; Genotoxicity; Metal; Oxidative stress; Rhamdia quelen