title: The role of glycine in regulated cell death.
abstract: The cytoprotective effects of glycine against cell death have been recognized for over 28 years. They are expressed in multiple cell types and injury settings that lead to necrosis, but are still not widely appreciated or considered in the conceptualization of cell death pathways. In this paper, we review the available data on the expression of this phenomenon, its relationship to major pathophysiologic pathways that lead to cell death and immunomodulatory effects, the hypothesis that it involves suppression by glycine of the development of a hydrophilic death channel of molecular dimensions in the plasma membrane, and evidence for its impact on disease processes in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System and University of Michigan, Room 1560, MSRB II, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-0676, USA. wnberg@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Joel M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Weinberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bienholz
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78234, USA.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Venkatachalam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death / Q000502:physiology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology*; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000502:physiology*; D005998:Glycine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D005998:Glycine
keywords: Cell death; Cytoprotection; Glycine