title: Diagnosis of retinopathy in children younger than 12 years of age: implications for the diabetic eye screening guidelines in the UK.
abstract: AimTo assess whether the current starting age of 12 is suitable for diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening and whether diabetes duration should be taken into account when deciding at what age to start screening patients.Materials and methodsA retrospective analysis of 143 patients aged 12 years or younger who attended diabetic eye screening for the first time in the Birmingham, Solihull and Black Country Diabetic Eye Screening Programme was performed.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 10.7 (7-12) years with 73 out of 143 aged below 12 years and 70 were 12 years of age. 98% had type 1 diabetes and mean diabetes duration was 5 (1 month-11 years) years. For those younger than 12 years, 7/73 (9.6%) had background DR (BDR), of these mean diabetes duration was 7 years (6-8). The youngest patient to present with DR was aged 8 years. In those aged 12 years, 5/70 (7.1%) had BDR; of these mean diabetes duration was 8 years (6-11). No patient developed DR before 6 years duration in either group.ConclusionsThe results show that no patient younger than the age of 12 had sight-threatening DR (STDR), but BDR was identified. Based on the current mission statement of the Diabetic Eye Screening Programme to identify STDR, 12 years of age is confirmed as the right age to start screening, but if it is important to diabetic management to identify first development of DR, then screening should begin after 6 years of diabetes diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Diabetes and Ophthalmology, Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hamid
authors.affiliation: Departments of Diabetes and Ophthalmology, Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Wharton
authors.affiliation: Departments of Diabetes and Ophthalmology, Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.affiliation: Departments of Diabetes and Ophthalmology, Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK.|School of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.affiliation: Departments of Diabetes and Ophthalmology, Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.affiliation: Departments of Diabetes and Ophthalmology, Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK.|School of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Dodson
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008485:Medical Audit; D010781:Photography; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic / Q000592:standards*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D006113:United Kingdom; D015351:Vision Screening / Q000592:standards*; D014792:Visual Acuity