title: The HopF family of Pseudomonas syringae type III secreted effectors.
abstract: Pseudomonas syringae is a bacterial phytopathogen that utilizes the type III secretion system to inject effector proteins into plant host cells. Pseudomonas syringae can infect a wide range of plant hosts, including agronomically important crops such as tomatoes and beans. The ability of P. syringae to infect such numerous hosts is caused, in part, by the diversity of effectors employed by this phytopathogen. Over 60 different effector families exist in P. syringae; one such family is HopF, which contains over 100 distinct alleles. Despite this diversity, research has focused on only two members of this family: HopF1 from P. syringae pathovar phaseolicola 1449B and HopF2 from P. syringae pathovar tomato DC3000. In this study, we review the research on HopF family members, including their host targets and molecular mechanisms of immunity suppression, and their enzymatic function. We also provide a phylogenetic analysis of this expanding effector family which provides a basis for a proposed nomenclature to guide future research. The extensive genetic diversity that exists within the HopF family presents a great opportunity to study how functional diversification on an effector family contributes to host specialization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St., Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3B2.
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St., Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3B2.
authors.forename: Noushin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Koulena
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St., Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3B2.
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Seto
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St., Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3B2.|Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution & Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Guttman
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St., Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3B2.|Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution & Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Darrell
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Desveaux
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D058947:Bacterial Secretion Systems / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D044224:Pseudomonas syringae / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D058947:Bacterial Secretion Systems
keywords: HopF; Pseudomonas syringae; type III secreted effectors