title: Oral Candida isolates and fluconazole susceptibility patterns in older Mexican women.
abstract: To assess the epidemiologic and microbiologic profile and in vitro fluconazole susceptibility of yeasts isolated from the oral mucosa colonization/infection of elderly patients.
  
  
  
  It has been reported that in older adults increases the oral colonization by Candida particularly C. non-albicans, showing a decreased response to fluconazole, which increases the risk of recalcitrant local and disseminated candidiasis.
  
  
  
  This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted in 120 elderly patients. Oral samples were obtained of mucosal Candida colonization or infection by swabbing. Each sample was plated on CHROMagar(®)Candida and incubated (36±1.5°C) for two days. The yeast species were identified using the API(®)ID32-C-AUX. Fluconazole susceptibility was tested using a broth microdilution assay according to the CLSI methods.
  
  
  
  The yeast colonization/infection frequency in the total population was 65.8%. The frequency of the highest Candida carriers was 67.4% in the 70-79-year-old-group. Oral candidiasis was present in 20%, with a tendency to increase with age (33.3% of adults aged>80years), it was determined that the use of prosthesis is associated with a higher colonization rate (Chi2, p=0.011). The frequency of colonization/infection cases with more than one species showed a tendency to increase with age; 18.9% in the 60-69 year-old-group, 20.9% in the 70-79-year-old-group and 29.2% in the ≥80 year-old-group. About fluconazole susceptibility: for C. albicans, 20.3%, about Candida non-albicans species 15.3% were dose dependently susceptible (DDS) and 17.9% were resistant.
  
  
  
  After 80 years of age, there is a considerable increase in Candida non-albicans species and a reduced susceptibility to fluconazole.
authors.affiliation: Master in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University Autonomous of San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Benito-Cruz
authors.affiliation: Oral Microbiology, Pathology and Biochemical laboratory, Faculty of Stomatology, University Autonomous of San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
authors.forename: Saray
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aranda-Romo
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Unit. Central Hospital "Ignacio Morones Prieto", University Autonomous of San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
authors.forename: Francisco Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: López-Esqueda
authors.affiliation: Department of Attention to Health, Metropolitan Autonomous University, Xochimilco, México City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Estela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de la Rosa-García
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biophysics laboratory, Physics Institute "Manuel Sandoval Vallarta", University Autonomous of San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rebeca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosas-Hernández
authors.affiliation: Oral Microbiology, Pathology and Biochemical laboratory, Faculty of Stomatology, University Autonomous of San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Electronic address: lo.sanchezvargas@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Luis Octavio
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Vargas
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002175:Candida / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D005260:Female; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D015725:Fluconazole
keywords: Candida; Diabetes; Elderly; Epidemiology; Infection