title: S100B and Neuron-Specific Enolase as mortality predictors in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine temporal profile and prognostic ability of S100B protein and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) for prediction of short/long-term mortality in patients suffering from severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-nine patients with sTBI were included in the study. Blood samples were drawn on admission and on subsequent 24, 48, 72, and 96 h.
  
  
  RESULTS
  15.2% of patients died in NeuroCritical Care Unit, and 19.2% died within 6 months of the accident. S100B concentrations were significantly higher in patients who died compared to survivors. NSE levels were different between groups just at 48 h. In the survival group, S100B levels decreased from 1st to 5th sample (p < 0.001); NSE just from 1st to 3rd (p < 0.001) and then stabilized. Values of S100B and NSE in non-survival patients did not significantly vary over the four days post sTBI. ROC-analysis showed that all S100B samples were useful tools for predicting mortality, the best the 72 h sample (AUC 0.848 for discharge mortality, 0.855 for six-month mortality). NSE ROC-analysis indicated that just the 48-h sample predicted mortality (AUC 0.733 for discharge mortality, 0.720 for six-month mortality).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  S100B protein showed higher prognostic capacity than NSE to predict short/long-term mortality in sTBI patients.
authors.affiliation: a NeuroCritical Care Unit , Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, IBIS/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville , Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: a NeuroCritical Care Unit , Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, IBIS/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville , Spain.
authors.forename: Juan José
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Egea-Guerrero
authors.affiliation: a NeuroCritical Care Unit , Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, IBIS/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville , Spain.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gordillo-Escobar
authors.affiliation: a NeuroCritical Care Unit , Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, IBIS/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville , Spain.
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Enamorado-Enamorado
authors.affiliation: b Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, IBIS/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville , Spain.
authors.forename: Conary
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hernández-García
authors.affiliation: a NeuroCritical Care Unit , Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, IBIS/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville , Spain.
authors.forename: Zaida
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ruiz de Azúa-López
authors.affiliation: c Statistics Department , University of Seville , Seville , Spain.
authors.forename: Ángel
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Vilches-Arenas
authors.affiliation: b Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, IBIS/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville , Spain.
authors.forename: Juan Miguel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Guerrero
authors.affiliation: a NeuroCritical Care Unit , Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, IBIS/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville , Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Murillo-Cabezas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000070642:Brain Injuries, Traumatic / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000097:blood*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit / Q000097:blood*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; C579160:S100B protein, human; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase
keywords: Biomarkers; Mortality; Neuron-Specific Enolase; S100B; Traumatic brain injury