title: Evaluation of the osteogenesis and angiogenesis effects of erythropoietin and the efficacy of deproteinized bovine bone/recombinant human erythropoietin scaffold on bone defect repair.
abstract: Erythropoietin (EPO) could promote the angiogenesis and may also play a role in bone regeneration. This study was conducted to evaluate the osteogenesis and angiogenesis effects of EPO and the efficacy of deproteinized bovine bone/recombinant human EPO scaffold on bone defect repair. Twenty-four healthy adult goats were chosen to build goat defects model and randomly divided into four groups. The goats were treated with DBB/rhEPO scaffolds (group A), porous DBB scaffolds (group B), autogenous cancellous bone graft (group C), and nothing (group D). Animals were evaluated with radiological and histological methods at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after surgery. The grey value of radiographs was used to evaluate the healing of the defects and the outcome revealed that the group A had a better outcome of defect healing compared with group B (P < 0.05). However, the grey values in group A were lower than group C at week 4 and week 8 (P < 0.05), but at week 12 their difference had no statistical significance (P > 0.05). The newly formed bone area was calculated from histological sections and the results demonstrated that the amount of new bone in group A increased significantly compared with that in group B (P < 0.05) but was inferior to that in group C (P > 0.05) at 4, 8, 12 weeks respectively. In addition, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by immunohistochemical testing and real-time polymerase chain reaction at 12 weeks in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (P < 0.05), and also better than that in group C at week 4 and week 8 (P < 0.05), but at week 12 their difference had no statistical significance (P > 0.05). Therefore, EPO has significant effects on bone formation and angiogenesis, and has capacity to promote the repair of bone defects. It is worthy of being recommended to further studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Wainan Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Donghai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, 20# Ximianqiaoheng Street, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Liqing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Wainan Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaowei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Wainan Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhouyuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Wainan Guoxue Road, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China. kangpd@163.com.
authors.forename: Pengde
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001846:Bone Development / Q000502:physiology; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D001842:Bone and Bones; D002417:Cattle; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000502:physiology*; D017102:Fracture Healing; D006041:Goats; D006801:Humans; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013977:Tibia / Q000502:physiology; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004921:Erythropoietin
keywords: Bone defect; Deproteinized bovine bone; Erythropoietin; Vascular endothelial growth factor