title: Metabolic analysis of osteoarthritis subchondral bone based on UPLC/Q-TOF-MS.
abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA), one of the most widespread musculoskeletal joint diseases among the aged, is characterized by the progressive loss of articular cartilage and continuous changes in subchondral bone. The exact pathogenesis of osteoarthritis is not completely clear. In this work, ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS) in combination with multivariate statistical analysis was applied to analyze the metabolic profiling of subchondral bone from 42 primary osteoarthritis patients. This paper described a modified two-step method for extracting the metabolites of subchondral bone from primary osteoarthritis patients. Finally, 68 metabolites were identified to be significantly changed in the sclerotic subchondral bone compared with the non-sclerotic subchondral bone. Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism and beta-alanine metabolism were probably relevant to the sclerosis of subchondral bone. Taurine, L-carnitine, and glycerophospholipids played a vital regulation role in the pathological process of sclerotic subchondral bone. In the sclerotic process, beta-alanine and L-carnitine might be related to the increase of energy consumption. In addition, our findings suggested that the intra-cellular environment of sclerotic subchondral bone might be more acidotic and hypoxic compared with the non-sclerotic subchondral bone. In conclusion, this study provided a new insight into the pathogenesis of subchondral bone sclerosis. Our results indicated that metabolomics could serve as a promising approach for elucidating the pathogenesis of subchondral bone sclerosis in primary osteoarthritis. Graphical Abstract Metabolic analysis of osteoarthritis subchondral bone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
authors.forename: Tingmei
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
authors.forename: Weiwen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
authors.forename: Shijia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
authors.forename: Kaiming
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
authors.forename: Zhongwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Traditional Chinese Medicine Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Chongqing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Chongqing, 400065, China.
authors.forename: Yanlei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. zhangjiancqmu@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000378:metabolism*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D013654:Taurine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D015091:beta-Alanine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015091:beta-Alanine; D013654:Taurine
keywords: Metabolic pathways; Metabolomics; Osteoarthritis; Subchondral bone; UPLC/Q-TOF-MS