title: Variations in the Histopathologic Type of Esophageal Carcinoma Between the United States of America and India.
abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of the different histopathologic types of esophageal carcinoma between the United States of American (US) and India. The Surveillance Epidemiology and End Result (SEER) database was analyzed to determine the incidence of different types of esophageal carcinoma in US. A retrospective review was conducted of all the patients that underwent resection for esophageal carcinoma at a regional oncology center in India from 2001 to 2007. Data relating to histopathologic variables was collected and compared to the patients in the SEER database for the same time period. Esophageal adenocarcinoma accounts for the majority of newly diagnosed cases in the US. Although squamous cell carcinoma is the dominant type of esophageal carcinoma in India, we noted a small but gradual increase (0 % in 2001 to 28 % in 2007) in the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma. The results of our study demonstrate a geographic variation in the histopathologic type of esophageal carcinoma. A recent increase in the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma in India was also demonstrated. Analysis of risk factors known to be associated with esophageal adenocarcinoma, in the context of India, can provide targets for implementing public health measures.
authors.affiliation: Methodist Hospital, General Surgery, Omaha, Nebraska.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kolkman
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA.
authors.forename: Apollo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stack
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion, Social and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA.
authors.forename: Molly
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA.
authors.forename: Marcy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kolkman
authors.affiliation: Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital and Research Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana India.
authors.forename: T Subramanyeshwar
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Mehdi Nawaz Jung Institute of Oncology, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh India.
authors.forename: Srinivasulu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mukta
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion, Social and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA.
authors.forename: Shireen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajaram
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA.
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA.
authors.forename: Chandrakanth
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Are
keywords: Esophageal neoplasms; Geographic variance in neoplasms; Westernization