title: Balloon dilation causing tracheal rupture: Endoscopic management and literature review.
abstract: A 72-year-old female with a history of idiopathic subglottic tracheal stenosis suffered tracheal rupture during endoscopic balloon dilation. The defect measured 7.5 cm in length, through which the mediastinum was visualized. An 80 × 20-mm silicone-covered tracheobronchial stent was deployed over the defect. The patient was extubated subsequent to intraoperative computed tomography demonstrating minimal air escape. Postoperatively, the patient saw no further complications and was discharged 3 days later. The stent was removed 80 days postoperatively revealing healed trachea. Tracheal rupture is a potential risk of balloon dilation, and the list of possible complications is extensive and morbid. Although traditional repair requires an open approach, endoscopic techniques are growing in description, and tracheal stenting was successful in this case. Laryngoscope, 126:2774-2777, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heyes
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Sergio S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Cervantes
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Matthaeus
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Dawn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jaroszewski
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A.
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Lott
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004106:Dilatation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D012421:Rupture / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D015607:Stents; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014132:Trachea / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D014135:Tracheal Stenosis / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Tracheal stenosis; balloon dilation; pneumomediastinum; tracheal rupture; tracheal stent