title: Structural Characterizations of Palladium Clusters Prepared by Polyol Reduction of [PdCl 4 ] (2-) Ions.
abstract: Palladium nanoparticles are of great interest in many industrial fields, ranging from catalysis and hydrogen technology to microelectronics, thanks to their unique physical and chemical properties. In this work, palladium clusters have been prepared by reduction of [PdCl4](2-) ions with ethylene glycol, in the presence of poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) as stabilizer. The stabilizer performs the important role of nucleating agent for the Pd atoms with a fast phase separation, since palladium atoms coordinated to the polymer side-groups are forced at short distances during nucleation. Quasispherical palladium clusters with a diameter of ca. 2.6 nm were obtained by reaction in air at 90°C for 2 hours. An extensive materials characterization by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and other characterizations (TGA, SEM, EDS-SEM, and UV-Vis) has been performed in order to evaluate the structure and oxidation state of nanopalladium.
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Italy; Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), National Research Council (CNR), Piazzale E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy.
authors.forename: Loredana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schiavo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism (IMEM), National Research Council (CNR), Via alla Cascata 56/C, 38123 Povo, Italy.
authors.forename: Lucrezia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aversa
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism (IMEM), National Research Council (CNR), Via alla Cascata 56/C, 38123 Povo, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tatti
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism (IMEM), National Research Council (CNR), Via alla Cascata 56/C, 38123 Povo, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Verucchi
authors.affiliation: Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), National Research Council (CNR), Piazzale E. Fermi 1, 80055 Portici, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Carotenuto