title: Influence of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on plasma bile acid profiles: a comparative study between rats, pigs and humans.
abstract: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) is the most widely used bariatric surgery procedure, which induces profound metabolic and physiological effects, such as substantial improvements in obesity, type 2 diabetes and their comorbidities. Increasing evidence identifies bile acids (BAs) as signaling molecules that contribute to the metabolic improvement after RYGBP. However, how and to what extent BAs mediate the metabolic effects of RYGBP still remains unclear and requires mechanism of action studies using preclinical models. In this study, we compared plasma BA profiles before and after RYGBP in two animal models, rats and pigs, with humans to evaluate their translational potential.
  
  
  
  Plasma BAs were profiled in rats, pigs and humans by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry before and after RYGBP.
  
  
  
  RYGBP increased baseline plasma total BA concentrations in humans and in the two animal models to a similar extent (∼3-fold increase), despite differences in presurgery BA levels and profiles between the models. However, qualitatively, RYGBP differently affected individual plasma BA species, with similar increases in some free species (cholic acid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA)), different increases in glyco-conjugated species depending on the model and globally no increase in tauro-conjugated species whatever the model.
  
  
  
  The tested animal models share similar quantitative RYGBP-induced increases in peripheral blood BAs as humans, which render them useful for mechanistic studies. However, they also present qualitative differences in BA profiles, which may result in different signaling responses. Such differences need to be taken into account when translating results to humans.
authors.affiliation: Université Lille, U1011, EGID, Lille, France.|Inserm, U1011, Lille, France.|CHU Lille, Lille, France.|Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, Lille, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Spinelli
authors.affiliation: Université Lille, U1011, EGID, Lille, France.|Inserm, U1011, Lille, France.|CHU Lille, Lille, France.|Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, Lille, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lalloyer
authors.affiliation: Université Lille, Inserm, UMR1190, EGID, Lille, France.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baud
authors.affiliation: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Zurich, Switzerland.|Department of Cardiology, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich and University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Osto
authors.affiliation: Centre Universitaire de Mesures et d'Analyses, Université Lille, Lille, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kouach
authors.affiliation: Université Lille, Inserm, UMR1190, EGID, Lille, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daoudi
authors.affiliation: Université Lille, U1011, EGID, Lille, France.|Inserm, U1011, Lille, France.|CHU Lille, Lille, France.|Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, Lille, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vallez
authors.affiliation: CHU Lille, Lille, France.|Université Lille, Inserm, UMR1190, EGID, Lille, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Raverdy
authors.affiliation: Centre Universitaire de Mesures et d'Analyses, Université Lille, Lille, France.
authors.forename: J-F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Goossens
authors.affiliation: Centre Universitaire de Mesures et d'Analyses, Université Lille, Lille, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Descat
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich and University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.|Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, Center of Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Doytcheva
authors.affiliation: Université Lille, Inserm, UMR1190, EGID, Lille, France.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hubert
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, Center of Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Lutz
authors.affiliation: Université Lille, U1011, EGID, Lille, France.|Inserm, U1011, Lille, France.|CHU Lille, Lille, France.|Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, Lille, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lestavel
authors.affiliation: Université Lille, U1011, EGID, Lille, France.|Inserm, U1011, Lille, France.|CHU Lille, Lille, France.|Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, Lille, France.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Staels
authors.affiliation: CHU Lille, Lille, France.|Université Lille, Inserm, UMR1190, EGID, Lille, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pattou
authors.affiliation: Université Lille, U1011, EGID, Lille, France.|Inserm, U1011, Lille, France.|CHU Lille, Lille, France.|Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011, Lille, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tailleux
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D015390:Gastric Bypass; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D001786:Blood Glucose