title: Waste biorefinery in arid/semi-arid regions.
abstract: The utilization of waste biorefineries in arid/semi-arid regions is advisable due to the reduced sustainable resources in arid/semi-arid regions, e.g. fresh water and biomass. This review focuses on biomass residues available in arid/semi-arid regions, palm trees residues, seawater biomass based residues (coastal arid/semi-arid regions), and the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. The present review aims to describe and discuss the availability of these waste biomasses, their conversion to value chemicals by waste biorefinery processes. For the case of seawater biomass based residues it was reviewed and advise the use of seawater in the biorefinery processes, in order to decrease the use of fresh water.
authors.affiliation: Institute Center for Energy - iEnergy, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, PO Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
authors.forename: Juan-Rodrigo
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Bastidas-Oyanedel
authors.affiliation: Institute Center for Energy - iEnergy, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, PO Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
authors.forename: Chuanji
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Institute Center for Energy - iEnergy, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, PO Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
authors.forename: Saleha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Almardeai
authors.affiliation: Institute Center for Energy - iEnergy, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, PO Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
authors.forename: Usama
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Javid
authors.affiliation: Institute Center for Energy - iEnergy, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, PO Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
authors.forename: Ahasa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yousuf
authors.affiliation: Institute Center for Energy - iEnergy, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, PO Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Electronic address: jschmidt@masdar.ac.ae.
authors.forename: Jens Ejbye
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D019149:Bioreactors; D003889:Desert Climate; D005618:Fresh Water; D012623:Seawater; D062611:Solid Waste
chemical_list: D062611:Solid Waste
keywords: Arid biorefinery; Seawater biorefinery; Waste biorefinery; Water scarcity