title: Adaptation to Global Change: A Transposable Element-Epigenetics Perspective.
abstract: Understanding how organisms cope with global change is a major scientific challenge. The molecular pathways underlying rapid adaptive phenotypic responses to global change remain poorly understood. Here, we highlight the relevance of two environment-sensitive molecular elements: transposable elements (TEs) and epigenetic components (ECs). We first outline the sensitivity of these elements to global change stressors and review how they interact with each other. We then propose an integrative molecular engine coupling TEs and ECs and allowing organisms to fine-tune phenotypes in a real-time fashion, adjust the production of phenotypic and genetic variation, and produce heritable phenotypes with different levels of transmission fidelity. We finally discuss the implications of this molecular engine in the context of global change.
authors.affiliation: CNRS, UPS, Station d'Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale, UMR 5321, 09200 Moulis, France; Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK. Electronic address: olivier.rey.1@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rey
authors.affiliation: CNRS, UPS, ENFA, Évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB) UMR 5174, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, Cedex 9, France; Université Paul Sabatier, Évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB), 31062 Toulouse, Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Danchin
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR232 DIADE Diversité Adaptation et Développement des Plantes, Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, 58 avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan, France.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mirouze
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Unité de Plasticité du Génome Bactérien, Paris, France; CNRS UMR3525, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Loot
authors.affiliation: CNRS, UPS, Station d'Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale, UMR 5321, 09200 Moulis, France; CNRS, UPS, ENFA, Évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB) UMR 5174, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, Cedex 9, France. Electronic address: simon.blanchet@sete.cnrs.fr.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blanchet
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D014644:Genetic Variation
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements