title: Association of CYP1A1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms with risk of non-small cell lung cancer in Andhra Pradesh region of South India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lung cancer is one of the most preventable causes of death globally both in developed and developing countries. Although it is well established that smokers develop lung cancer, there are some smokers who are free from the disease risk. The predisposition to lung cancer is attributed to genetic polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolizing genes. Reports on assessment of xenobiotic metabolizing genes like Cytochrome P 450 1A1 (CYP1A1), Glutathione -S -transferase M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1) polymorphisms from India are meagre, and reports from Andhra Pradesh are lacking.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Assessment of polymorphisms in CYP1A1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 in NSCLC patients and healthy individuals specific to population of Andhra Pradesh, a South Indian state was attempted by multiplex PCR and RFLP, and this is the first study which tried to correlate oxidative stress with the polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolizing genes. Results showed that CYP1A1 m1 'CC' genotype was significantly associated with lung cancer susceptibility with a 2.3-fold risk, CYP1A1 m2 'AG' gene polymorphisms with 8.8-fold risk and GSTT1 (-/-) genotype demonstrated a twofold risk of disease susceptibility.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A combined role of genetic polymorphisms and smoking status can be attributed for the cause of lung cancer. Further, the association between oxidative stress and genetic polymorphisms showed a correlation between GSTT1 and super oxide dismutase activity; CYP1A1 m1, m2 and GSTT1 with glutathione peroxidase activity; CYP1A1 m1 and GSTM1 with melondialdehyde levels; and CYP1A1 m1 and GSTT1 with 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine. A higher risk of lung cancer seems to be associated with combined gene polymorphisms of phase I and phase II enzymes than that ascribed to single gene polymorphism.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Begumpet, Hyderabad, 500016, Telangana, India. vidyullatha.p@gmail.com.|DST Woman Scientist, Department of Biotechnology, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India. vidyullatha.p@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Vidyullatha
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Peddireddy
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Begumpet, Hyderabad, 500016, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: Siva Prasad
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Badabagni
authors.affiliation: Indo-American Cancer Hospital, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500034, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: Sandhya Devi
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Gundimeda
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Begumpet, Hyderabad, 500016, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: Vasudha
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mamidipudi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Begumpet, Hyderabad, 500016, Telangana, India.|Bhagwan Mahavir Medical Research Centre, Hyderabad, 500004, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: Pardhanandana Reddy
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Penagaluru
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Begumpet, Hyderabad, 500016, Telangana, India.
authors.forename: Hema Prasad
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Mundluru
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics*; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking
chemical_list: D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1