title: Molecular mechanisms in the initiation phase of Wallerian degeneration.
abstract: Axonal degeneration is an early hallmark of nerve injury and many neurodegenerative diseases. The discovery of the Wallerian degeneration slow mutant mouse, in which axonal degeneration is delayed, revealed that Wallerian degeneration is an active progress and thereby illuminated the mechanisms underlying axonal degeneration. Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 2 and sterile alpha and armadillo motif-containing protein 1 play essential roles in the maintenance of axon integrity by regulating the level of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, which seems to be the key molecule involved in the maintenance of axonal health. However, the function of nicotinamide mononucleotide remains debatable, and we discuss two apparently conflicting roles of nicotinamide mononucleotide in Wallerian degeneration. In this article, we focus on the roles of these molecules in the initiation phase of Wallerian degeneration to improve our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopedics, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, 28th Fuxing Road, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Biao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopedics, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, 28th Fuxing Road, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Quan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopedics, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, 28th Fuxing Road, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shibi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopedics, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, 28th Fuxing Road, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.|The Neural Regeneration Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Province, Nantong, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopedics, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, 28th Fuxing Road, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.|The Neural Regeneration Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Province, Nantong, China.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D014855:Wallerian Degeneration / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009243:NAD
keywords: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; nicotinamide mononucleotide; nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 2; sterile alpha and armadillo motif-containing protein 1