title: New molecules and adjuvants in the treatment of infections by Acinetobacter baumannii.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The current problems of the treatment of infections by Acinetobacter baumannii are linked with the increase of multidrug- and extensive-drug resistance and the lack of development of new antimicrobial drugs for Gram-negative bacilli. For these reasons, new alternatives for the treatment and control of severe infections by A. baumannii are necessary. Several studies have reported the effect of adjuvants to restore the efficacy of existing antimicrobial agents.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present review, the authors describe the main results in the development of adjuvant drugs as well as new data on antimicrobial peptides, in monotherapy or in combination therapy with existing antimicrobial agents, which have shown promising preclinical results in vitro and in vivo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The preclinical evaluation of adjuvants and antimicrobial peptides, in monotherapy or in combination therapy, for A. baumannii infections has shown promising results. However, caution is needed and further extensive in vivo studies and clinical trials have to be performed to confirm the potential use of these adjuvants as true therapeutic alternatives.
authors.affiliation: a Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology, and Preventive Medicine , Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville , Spain.
authors.forename: Younes
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Smani
authors.affiliation: a Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology, and Preventive Medicine , Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville , Spain.
authors.forename: María Eugenia
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Pachón-Ibáñez
authors.affiliation: a Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology, and Preventive Medicine , Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville , Spain.
authors.forename: Jerónimo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pachón
mesh_terms: D000151:Acinetobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000187:drug effects*; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000379:methods; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii; adjuvant antibiotics; antimicrobial resistance