title: The Community Integration Questionnaire - Revised: Australian normative data and measurement of electronic social networking.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Consideration of the relationship between meaningful participation, health and wellbeing underpins occupational therapy intervention, and drives measurement of community integration following acquired brain injury (ABI). However, utility of community integration measures has been limited to date by lack of normative data against which to compare outcomes, and none examine the growing use of electronic social networking (ESN) for social participation. This research had four aims: (i) develop and pilot items assessing ESN to add to the Community Integration Questionnaire, producing the Community Integration Questionnaire-Revised (CIQ-R); (ii) examine factor structure of the CIQ-R; (iii) collect Australian CIQ-R normative data; and (iv) assess test-retest reliability of the revised measure.
  
  
  METHODS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  Australia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A convenience sample of adults without ABI (N = 124) was used to develop and pilot ESN items. A representative general population sample of adults without ABI aged 18-64 years (N = 1973) was recruited to gather normative CIQ-R data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographic items and the CIQ-R.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CIQ-R demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties, with minor modification to the original scoring based on the factor analyses provided. Large representative general population CIQ-R normative data have been established, detailing contribution of a range of independent demographic variables to community integration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of electronic social networking items to the CIQ-R offers a contemporary method of assessing community integration following ABI. Normative CIQ-R data enhance the understanding of community integration in the general population, allowing occupational therapists and other clinicians to make more meaningful comparisons between groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Therapy, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Libby
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Callaway
authors.affiliation: Summer Foundation Ltd, Blackburn, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Dianne
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Winkler
authors.affiliation: Summer Foundation Ltd, Blackburn, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tippett
authors.affiliation: Empirica Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Herd
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Therapy, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Migliorini
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Willer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001315:Australia; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D062309:Community Integration; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009788:Occupational Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D060756:Social Networking; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: community integration; social networking; social participation