title: Astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) and the A(E)Ging HIV/AIDS-HAND.
abstract: Recent attempts to analyze human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-induced gene expression changes in astrocytes uncovered a multifunctional oncogene, astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1). Our previous studies revealed that AEG-1 regulates reactive astrocytes proliferation, migration and inflammation, hallmarks of aging and CNS injury. Moreover, the involvement of AEG-1 in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Huntington's disease and migraine, and its induction in the aged brain suggest a plausible role in regulating overall CNS homeostasis and aging. Therefore, it is important to investigate AEG-1 specifically in aging-associated cognitive decline. In this study, we decipher the common mechanistic links in cancer, aging and HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders that likely contribute to AEG-1-based regulation of astrocyte responses and function. Despite AEG-1 incorporation into HIV-1 virions and its induction by HIV-1, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β, the specific role(s) of AEG-1 in astrocyte-driven HIV-1 neuropathogenesis are incompletely defined. We propose that AEG-1 plays a central role in a multitude of cellular stress responses involving mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and the nucleolus. It is thus important to further investigate AEG-1-based cellular and molecular regulation in order to successfully develop better therapeutic approaches that target AEG-1 to combat cancer, HIV-1 and aging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107-2699, USA; Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan; Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: Neha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vartak-Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107-2699, USA.
authors.forename: Shruthi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nooka
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107-2699, USA. Electronic address: anuja.ghorpade@unthsc.edu.
authors.forename: Anuja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghorpade
mesh_terms: D015526:AIDS Dementia Complex / Q000378:metabolism*; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; C483039:MTDH protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins
keywords: Aging; Astrocytes; ER/Nucleolar/Oxidative stress; Excitotoxicity; HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders; Neuroinflammation