title: Reasons for Electronic Nicotine Delivery System use and smoking abstinence at 6 months: a descriptive study of callers to employer and health plan-sponsored quitlines.
abstract: Describe cigarette smoking abstinence among employer and health plan-sponsored quitline registrants who were not using Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS), were using ENDS to quit smoking or were using ENDS for other reasons at the time of quitline registration.
  
  
  
  We examined 6029 quitline callers aged ≥18 years who smoked cigarettes at registration, and completed ≥1 counselling calls, baseline ENDS use questions and a 6-month follow-up survey (response rate: 52.4%). 30-day point prevalence smoking quit rates (PPQRs) were assessed at 6-month follow-up (ENDS-only users were considered quit). Data were weighted for non-response bias. Logistic regression analyses controlled for participant characteristics and programme engagement.
  
  
  
  At registration, 13.8% of respondents used ENDS (7.9% to quit smoking, 5.9% for other reasons). 30-day PPQRs were: 55.1% for callers using ENDS to quit, 43.1% for callers using ENDS for other reasons, and 50.8% for callers not using ENDS at registration. Callers using ENDS for other reasons were less likely to quit than other groups (adjusted ORs=0.65-0.77); quit rates did not significantly differ between non-ENDS users and those using ENDS to quit. Among callers using ENDS to quit at baseline, 40% used ENDS regularly at follow-up.
  
  
  
  ENDS users not using ENDS to quit smoking were less successful at quitting at 6-month follow-up compared with callers using ENDS to quit smoking and callers who did not use ENDS at programme registration. Incorporating reasons for ENDS use may be important for future studies examining the role of ENDS in tobacco cessation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, Training, Evaluation, Alere Wellbeing, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: K A
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3642-5265
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Vickerman
authors.affiliation: Battelle Public Health Center for Tobacco Research, Battelle Memorial Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.|Guest Researcher, Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: G L
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3719-8087
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Schauer
authors.affiliation: Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Malarcher
authors.affiliation: Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9418-168X
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Biostatistics, Inc., Sarasota, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mowery
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, Training, Evaluation, Alere Wellbeing, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: C M
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4450-912X
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Nash
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003376:Counseling; D066300:Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006264:Health Benefit Plans, Employee; D015277:Hotlines; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cessation; Electronic nicotine delivery devices; Surveillance and monitoring