title: Levels of soluble LR11/SorLA are highly increased in the bile of patients with biliary tract and pancreatic cancers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The utility of molecules derived from cancer cells as biomarkers of the pathological status in biliary tract and pancreatic cancers is still limited. Soluble LDL receptor relative with 11 ligand-binding repeats (sLR11), a molecule released from immature cells, has been shown to be a circulating biomarker for early stage hematological malignancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have evaluated the pathological significance of bile sLR11 levels in 147 samples from 72 patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC), pancreatic cancer (PC), or benign diseases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bile sLR11 levels in the cancer patients were significantly increased compared with those in patients without cancer, independent of cytological detection of cancer cells in bile. The average bile sLR11 levels in cancer patients were significantly higher than in those with benign diseases, while levels of bile carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were not different. LR11 protein was found to be highly expressed in the BTC and PC cells. The LR11 transcript levels in cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic cancer cell lines were sharply induced during proliferation and significantly increased under hypoxic conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therefore, sLR11 levels in bile may be indicative of cancer cell conditions and may serve as potential novel biomarker in patients with BTC and PC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical-Laboratory and Experimental-Research Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Japan; Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Japan; Department of Biomolecular Science, Toho University Graduate School of Science, Funabashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Terai
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical-Laboratory and Experimental-Research Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Japan.
authors.forename: Meizi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Japan.
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tokuyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical-Laboratory and Experimental-Research Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murano
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.affiliation: Tsukuba Research Institute, Sekisui Medical Co Ltd, Ryugasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Kengo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujimura
authors.affiliation: Tsukuba Research Institute, Sekisui Medical Co Ltd, Ryugasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ebinuma
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomolecular Science, Toho University Graduate School of Science, Funabashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kishimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical-Laboratory and Experimental-Research Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Japan; Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hiruta
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Wolfgang J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical-Laboratory and Experimental-Research Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Japan. Electronic address: hideaki.bujo@med.toho-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bujo
mesh_terms: D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism*; D001661:Biliary Tract Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D006801:Humans; D026502:LDL-Receptor Related Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D026502:LDL-Receptor Related Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; C102582:SORL1 protein, human
keywords: Bile; Biliary tract cancer; Pancreatic cancer; Soluble LR11