title: Alisma orientale: Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of an Important Traditional Chinese Medicine.
abstract: Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juzep. (Alismataceae) is a traditional and famous Chinese medicinal herb. Its rhizomes, which possess versatile bioactivities, are commonly used to treat oliguria, edema, gonorrhea with turbid urine, leukorrhea, diarrhea and dizziness. Approximately 120 compounds have been isolated from A. orientale. Terpenoids have been identified as A. orientale's characteristic constituents, which include protostane triterpenoids and guaiane sesquiterpenoids. The traditional medical uses of A. orientale in TCM have been evaluated in modern pharmacological studies, which have shown that A. orientale and its active constituents exhibit a wide range of bioactivities, such as diuretic, anti-urolithiatic, antinephritic, anti-atherosclerotic, immunomodulatory, and hepatoprotective activities. The medicinal potential of A. orientale makes it an ideal candidate for new drug development. Further studies are still required to identify its bioactive constituents, and elucidate the structure-activity relationship and detailed mechanisms of action. Additionally, the use of the other medicinal parts of A. orientale may reduce resource waste and afford novel secondary metabolites.
authors.affiliation: * Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.|† School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhiheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.affiliation: ‡ Administrative Office, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.affiliation: * Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: † School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yuanbin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: § Faculty of Science, School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool, John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, England, UK.
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: * Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Luping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: * Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chengjian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D034902:Alisma / Q000737:chemistry*; D004232:Diuretics; D055808:Drug Discovery; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D009393:Nephritis / Q000188:drug therapy; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D027343:Rhizome / Q000737:chemistry; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013729:Terpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D004232:Diuretics; D005419:Flavonoids; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; D013729:Terpenes
keywords: Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juzep.; Ethnopharmacology; Pharmacology; Phytochemistry; Review; Terpenoids