title: Synthesis of trace element Si and Sr codoping hydroxyapatite with non-cytotoxicity and enhanced cell proliferation and differentiation.
abstract: The main inorganic minerals in natural bones are non-stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (HA, Ca10[PO4]6[OH]2) doped with various trace elements, which may possess important biochemical effects. To investigate the functions of Sr and Si elements in human hard tissues, non-doped HA, trace Si doped HA, Si and Sr codoped HA with the concentration of natural bones are synthesized by hydrothermal method in this study. The samples are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The biological activities are evaluated via cytotoxicity study, adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast measurement, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay. All the synthesized materials are HA phase, which have hierarchical structures with oriented HA nanorods assembled into the platy particles. These materials are non-cytotoxic against L929 cells line even at 400 μg/ml powder suspension. The results clearly indicate that the proliferation of L929 cells increases with trace elements doping from trace Si-HA to Si + Sr-HA. The adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast measurement illustrates that proliferation of osteoblasts advances about 1.3 times for Si-HA and about 1.8 times for Si + Sr-HA compared with undoped HA. In general, Si-HA with trace Si element shows enhanced cell differentiation, and Si + Sr-HA dual-doped with Si and Sr elements presents increased biological activity compared with Si-HA.
authors.affiliation: Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200082, China.
authors.forename: Jianyong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Inorganic Coating Materials, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Inorganic Coating Materials, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Inorganic Coating Materials, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200082, China.
authors.forename: Dalin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Inorganic Coating Materials, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China. yzhu@mail.sic.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Yingchun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013324:Strontium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D014131:Trace Elements; D017886:Durapatite; D013324:Strontium; D012825:Silicon
keywords: Cell proliferation and differentiation; Codoping; Hydroxyapatite; Si; Sr; Trace element