title: Free flap combined with pectoralis major flap for reconstruction after total laryngopharyngectomy in patients with advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that a pectoralis major flap combined with a free flap is a safe and reliable method of reconstruction after total pharyngolaryngectomy; with this technique, one can help these patients remain disease free, with normal swallowing function, for a relatively acceptable survival duration.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the functional and oncological outcomes of a combined flap for the extensive defects after total pharyngolaryngectomy in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx (SCCHP).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study determined the perioperative morbidity and functional and oncologic outcomes of 21 patients with advanced SCCHP who underwent total laryngopharyngectomy and reconstruction using a combination of a pectoralis major flap and a free flap.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The free flap and pectoralis major flap were used to reconstruct the defects for all 21 patients. Fourteen patients were reconstructed with jejunal free flaps and pectoralis major flaps; in the remaining seven patients, anterolateral thigh flaps and pectoralis major flaps were used. All the combined flaps worked well, and patients recovered normal swallowing function a mean 19.4 days after surgery. After an overall mean follow-up time of 31.3 months, 30% of patients were still alive at the time of this analysis, with no evidence of disease.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , PR China.
authors.forename: Caiyun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , PR China.
authors.forename: Minhui
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , PR China.
authors.forename: Mengjie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , PR China.
authors.forename: Donghui
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , PR China.
authors.forename: Shicai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , PR China.
authors.forename: Hongliang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007012:Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D007825:Laryngectomy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010611:Pharyngectomy; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Free flap; hypopharyngeal carcinoma; pectoralis major flap; reconstruction