title: Encephalitis caused by an unusual human herpes virus type 6 and Toxoplasma gondii co-infection in a cord blood transplant recipient.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The case of a central nervous system human herpes virus type 6 (HHV-6) and Toxoplasma gondii co-infection after an umbilical cord blood transplantation in a chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia patient is reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 65-year-old Caucasian man underwent an umbilical cord blood transplantation within the context of chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia. On day 37 post-graft, he presented with a severe headache; PCRs of cerebrospinal fluid and blood were positive for T. gondii and HHV-6. The patient was treated with pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine associated with ganciclovir.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HHV-6 reactivation can trigger a reactivation of T. gondii. This case suggests that patients who are seropositive for T. gondii and who present with HHV-6 reactivation should be monitored closely for toxoplasmosis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre de Biologie, CHU Gabriel Montpied, 58, rue Montalembert, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chapuis
authors.affiliation: Service d'Hématologie clinique et Thérapie cellulaire, CHU Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chabrot
authors.affiliation: Service de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Enterovirus-Parechovirus, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Université d'Auvergne, EA4843 « Epidémiologie et Pathogénie des Infections à Entérovirus », Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mirand
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre de Biologie, CHU Gabriel Montpied, 58, rue Montalembert, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal-Université d'Auvergne-CNRS, UMR 6023 Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Poirier
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre de Biologie, CHU Gabriel Montpied, 58, rue Montalembert, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal-Université d'Auvergne-CNRS, UMR 6023 Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, Clermont-Ferrand, France. Electronic address: c_nourrisson@chu-clermontferrand.fr.
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nourrisson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D060085:Coinfection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000821:virology*; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000821:virology*; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000469:parasitology / Q000821:virology; D015774:Ganciclovir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015654:Herpesvirus 6, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019349:Roseolovirus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000821:virology; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D014123:Toxoplasmosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000469:parasitology; D066027:Transplant Recipients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D015774:Ganciclovir
keywords: Cerebral co-infection; Cord blood transplantation; Encephalitis; HHV-6; Toxoplasmosis