title: Effect of Photobiomodulation on Transforming Growth Factor-β1, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB, and Interleukin-8 Release in Palatal Wounds After Free Gingival Graft Harvesting: A Randomized Clinical Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the impact of photobiomodulation (PBM) on the healing of the donor palatal area following free gingival graft (FGG) harvesting by examining changes in transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB, and interleukin (IL)-8 levels in palatal wound fluid (PWF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients were selected and randomly assigned to receive PBM (laser group) or PBM sham (sham group) in the palatine area after FGG harvesting. A neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser (1064 nm) was applied to the test sites immediately after surgery and every 24 h thereafter for 4 days. PWF was collected on Days 7 and 12, and PWF TGF-β1, PDGF-BB, and IL-8 levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  PWF TGF-β1, PDGF-BB, and IL-8 levels were significantly lower on Day 12 than on Day 7 for both groups. PWF TGF-β1, PDGF-BB, and IL-8 levels of the laser group were significantly higher than those of sham group on Day 7 (p < 0.05). PWF TGF-β1 levels were also significantly higher in laser group than in the sham group on Day 12; however, differences in PDGF-BB and IL-8 levels between groups on Day 12 were statistically nonsignificant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Observed increases in PWF TGF-β1, PDGF-BB, and IL-8 levels suggest that PBM may accelerate wound healing by stimulating production of selected mediators.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Periodontology, Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Dentistry , Samsun, Turkey .
authors.forename: Ilker
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Keskiner
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Periodontology, Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Dentistry , Samsun, Turkey .
authors.forename: Muge
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lutfioğlu
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Periodontology, Baskent University Faculty of Dentistry , Istanbul Application and Research Center, Istanbul, Turkey .
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aydogdu
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Periodontology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy , Ankara, Turkey .
authors.forename: N Isil
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Saygun
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Biochemistry, Acibadem University , Ankara, Turkey .
authors.forename: Muhittin A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Serdar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000077214:Becaplermin; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000637:transplantation*; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism*; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State; D008297:Male; D010159:Palate / Q000601:surgery*; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis / Q000378:metabolism*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D000077214:Becaplermin