title: Electroacupuncture versus sham electroacupuncture for urinary retention in poststroke patients: study protocol for a multicenter, randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study protocol evaluates the effectiveness of adjuvant electroacupuncture (EA) for urinary retention in poststroke patients undergoing conventional treatments, in comparison with that of a sham control.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multicenter, blinded, randomized controlled trial will be conducted in three hospitals in the Republic of Korea. We are recruiting 54 stroke survivors (aged >19 years), who were diagnosed with urinary retention based on the results of two consecutive post-void residual (PVR) tests, and dividing them randomly into two arms: the EA and Park-sham control groups. They will receive ten sessions of EA or sham treatment for 2 weeks. The participants will be blinded with non-penetrating needles and fake sounds of EA stimulators. The daily PVR ratio will be primarily measured at baseline and at the end of the study to statistically test the effectiveness of EA for poststroke urinary retention. Then, the Korean version of the Qualiveen Questionnaire, the Korean version of the International Prostate Symptom Score, and the blinding index will be assessed. After each EA session or sham EA, adverse events will be reported to evaluate the safety of EA. Results will be analyzed by using the independent t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, based on both intention-to-treat and per-protocol principles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings will provide clinical evidence for the effectiveness of EA treatment to improve urinary retention in stroke survivors.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  This study protocol was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02472288) on 10 June 2015.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seungwon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jiwon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Junghee
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Motor & Cognition Rehabilitation, Korean National Rehabilitation Research Institute, 111 Gaorigil, Gangbuk-gu, Seoul, 01022, Republic of Korea. limsm@outlook.kr.
authors.forename: Sung Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea. sasangin@daum.net.
authors.forename: Euiju
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D002985:Clinical Protocols; D015671:Electroacupuncture; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D057194:Intention to Treat Analysis; D008297:Male; D020127:Recovery of Function; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012107:Research Design; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014554:Urination; D014563:Urodynamics
keywords: Cerebrovascular accident; Electroacupuncture; Randomized Controlled Trial; Stroke; Urinary retention