title: Effects of UV-ozone irradiation on copper doped nickel acetate and its applicability to perovskite solar cells.
abstract: The effects of UV-ozone (UVO) irradiation on copper-doped nickel acetate and its applicability to perovskite solar cells were investigated. UVO irradiation of copper-doped nickel acetate significantly increased the electrical conductivity (from 4.28 × 10(-4) S cm(-1) to 5.66 × 10(-2) S cm(-1)), which is due to the increased carrier concentration (from 3.53 × 10(13) cm(-3) to 2.41 × 10(16) cm(-3)), and the charge extraction efficiency was enhanced, leading to better compatibility with the hole transport layer. By UVO irradiation, the work function was increased from 4.95 eV to 5.33 eV by the surface dipole formation, which effectively reduced the interface barrier between the hole transport layer and the MAPbI3 light absorbing layer. UVO Irradiation of the underlying layer also allows the MAPbI3 precursors to form better morphology with highly arranged crystallinity. Compared to the cells using non-irradiated copper doped nickel acetate, UVO-irradiated copper-doped nickel acetate devices showed an enhanced open-circuit voltage (3% increase), short circuit current (16% increase), fill factor (5% increase), showing an enhanced power conversion efficiency of 12.2% (21% increase).
authors.affiliation: Advanced Display Research Center, Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemoon-goo, 130-701 Seoul, Korea. jjang@khu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jeongmo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Advanced Display Research Center, Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemoon-goo, 130-701 Seoul, Korea. jjang@khu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hee Ryung
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Advanced Display Research Center, Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemoon-goo, 130-701 Seoul, Korea. jjang@khu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hyeong Pil
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Advanced Display Research Center, Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemoon-goo, 130-701 Seoul, Korea. jjang@khu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Tengda
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Advanced Display Research Center, Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemoon-goo, 130-701 Seoul, Korea. jjang@khu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kanwat
authors.affiliation: Advanced Display Research Center, Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemoon-goo, 130-701 Seoul, Korea. jjang@khu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Abd Rashid Bin
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Mohd Yusoff
authors.affiliation: Advanced Display Research Center, Department of Information Display, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemoon-goo, 130-701 Seoul, Korea. jjang@khu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jang