title: Altered Mucosal Microbiome Diversity and Disease Severity in Sjögren Syndrome.
abstract: There is mounting evidence that the microbiome has potent immunoregulatory functions. We assessed the effects of intestinal dysbiosis in a model of Sjögren syndrome (SS) by subjecting mice to desiccating stress (DS) and antibiotics (ABX). We characterized the conjunctival, tongue and fecal microbiome profiles of patients with SS. Severity of ocular surface and systemic disease was graded. 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing characterized the microbiota. ABX + DS mice had a significantly worse dry eye phenotype compared to controls, a decrease in Clostridium and an increase in Enterobacter, Escherichia/Shigella, and Pseudomonas in stool after ABX + DS for 10 days. Goblet cell density was significantly lower in ABX treated groups compared to controls. Stool from SS subjects had greater relative abundances of Pseudobutyrivibrio, Escherichia/Shigella, Blautia, and Streptococcus, while relative abundance of Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Faecalibacterium, and Prevotella was reduced compared to controls. The severity of SS ocular and systemic disease was inversely correlated with microbial diversity. These findings suggest that SS is marked by a dysbiotic intestinal microbiome driven by low relative abundance of commensal bacteria and high relative abundance of potentially pathogenic genera that is associated with worse ocular mucosal disease in a mouse model of SS and in SS patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Cintia S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: de Paiva
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Dan B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Biological Sciences, Allergan, Irvine, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Stern
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Quianta L
authors.initials: QL
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.affiliation: Sjogren Syndrome Support Group, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Shani
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Corbiere
authors.affiliation: Dental Branch, Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHSC), Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Charles F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Streckfus
authors.affiliation: Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Diane S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Hutchinson
authors.affiliation: Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Nadim J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Ajami
authors.affiliation: Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Petrosino
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Pflugfelder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000382:microbiology*; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000382:microbiology; D064806:Dysbiosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D064307:Microbiota; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology*; D012601:Scopolamine; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D014059:Tongue / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D012601:Scopolamine