title: GC-MS studies reveal stimulated pesticide detoxification by brassinolide application in Brassica juncea L. plants.
abstract: Imidacloprid (IMI) is a commonly used pesticide against aphids and accumulates in plant parts, maximum in leaves. Present study was conducted to check the efficiency of seed pre-soaking with 24-epibrassinolide (24-EBL) for reduction of this pesticide in the leaves of Brassica juncea L. plants raised from 24-EBL pre-soaked seeds and grown in soils supplemented with IMI. Leaves were analyzed for IMI residues using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Activities of guaiacol peroxidase (POD), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione S-transferase (GST), and glutathione (GSH) content were determined by spectrophotometry. Soil containing 350 mg IMI/kilogram soil resulted in 88.66 μg/g fresh weight (FW) of IMI residue in the leaves, which was maximum decrease to 35.31 μg/g FW (60.17 %), when seeds were pre-soaked in 100 nM 24-EBL. In this treatment (350 mg IMI/kilogram soil + 100 nM 24-EBL), GSH content, GR, POD, and GST activities were increased by 42.30, 34.5, 20.5, and 13.4 %, respectively, as compared to plants grown in soils amended with 350 mg IMI/kilogram soil.
authors.affiliation: Plant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Anket
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Plant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India. renubhardwaj82@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Renu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bhardwaj
authors.affiliation: Plant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Vinod
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Plant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Ashwani Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Thukral
mesh_terms: D060406:Brassinosteroids / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic; D009149:Mustard Plant / Q000378:metabolism*; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil; D013260:Steroids, Heterocyclic / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D060406:Brassinosteroids; D007093:Imidazoles; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D010575:Pesticides; D012987:Soil; D013260:Steroids, Heterocyclic; C082359:imidacloprid; C023623:brassinolide
keywords: 24-Epibrassinolide; Artificial neural networks; Brassica juncea; GC-MS; Imidacloprid; Pesticide degradation