title: Co-ingestion of Nutritional Ergogenic Aids and High-Intensity Exercise Performance.
abstract: Many sports involve repeated bouts of high-intensity exercise. High-intensity exercise is compromised, however, by the early onset of exercise-induced fatigue. Metabolic by-products, ion dysbalance and amount of phosphocreatine are considered the main peripheral causes of fatigue during high-intensity exercise. Intake of nutritional ergogenic aids is commonplace to enhance performance of high-intensity exercise by offsetting the potential mechanisms of fatigue. Creatine, probably one of the best known nutritional aids to enhance performance of high-intensity exercise, has convincingly substantiated its ergogenic potential. Although multi-ingredient supplements are now common, the justification for effectiveness is mostly based on observations with single intake of those ingredients. In this narrative review, the main focus is on the evidence of the effect of co-ingestion of ergogenic aids on performance of high intensity exercise for which the single intake has shown beneficial effects on high-intensity performance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Physiology, Boroujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naderi
authors.affiliation: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Conrad P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Earnest
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, The University of Tampa, 318 N Boulevard, Tampa, FL, 33606, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Lowery
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences and Human Performance, The University of Tampa, 318 N Boulevard, Tampa, FL, 33606, USA.
authors.forename: Jacob M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Chichester, College Lane, Chichester, UK. m.willems@chi.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Mark E T
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Willems
mesh_terms: D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D002110:Caffeine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003401:Creatine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005221:Fatigue / Q000517:prevention & control; D000072696:High-Intensity Interval Training; D006801:Humans; D058573:Performance-Enhancing Substances / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015091:beta-Alanine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D058573:Performance-Enhancing Substances; D015091:beta-Alanine; D002110:Caffeine; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D003401:Creatine