title: Powder-based 3D printing for bone tissue engineering.
abstract: Bone tissue engineered 3-D constructs customized to patient-specific needs are emerging as attractive biomimetic scaffolds to enhance bone cell and tissue growth and differentiation. The article outlines the features of the most common additive manufacturing technologies (3D printing, stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, and selective laser sintering) used to fabricate bone tissue engineering scaffolds. It concentrates, in particular, on the current state of knowledge concerning powder-based 3D printing, including a description of the properties of powders and binder solutions, the critical phases of scaffold manufacturing, and its applications in bone tissue engineering. Clinical aspects and future applications are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: University of Padova, Department of Neurosciences, Section of Dentistry, Via Giustiniani 2, 35129 Padova, Italy. Electronic address: giulia-bru@libero.it.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brunello
authors.affiliation: University of Padova, Department of Neurosciences, Section of Dentistry, Via Giustiniani 2, 35129 Padova, Italy. Electronic address: stefano.sivolella@libero.it.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sivolella
authors.affiliation: University of Padova, Department of Management and Engineering, Stradella S. Nicola 3, 36100 Vicenza, Italy. Electronic address: roberto.meneghello@unipd.it.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Meneghello
authors.affiliation: University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy. Electronic address: letizia.ferroni@unipd.it.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferroni
authors.affiliation: University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy. Electronic address: chiara.gardin@unipd.it.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gardin
authors.affiliation: University of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy. Electronic address: apiattelli@unich.it.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piattelli
authors.affiliation: University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy. Electronic address: barbara.zavan@unipd.it.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zavan
authors.affiliation: University of Padova, Department of Neurosciences, Section of Dentistry, Via Giustiniani 2, 35129 Padova, Italy. Electronic address: eriberto.bressan@unipd.it.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bressan
mesh_terms: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D066330:Printing, Three-Dimensional; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes
keywords: 3D printing; Additive manufacturing technologies; Binder; Bone; Depowdering; Powder; Scaffold; Sintering