title: Economic Impacts from PM2.5 Pollution-Related Health Effects in China: A Provincial-Level Analysis.
abstract: This study evaluates the PM2.5 pollution-related health impacts on the national and provincial economy of China using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model and the latest nonlinear exposure-response functions. Results show that the health and economic impacts may be substantial in provinces with a high PM2.5 concentration. In the WoPol scenario without PM2.5 pollution control policy, we estimate that China experiences a 2.00% GDP loss and 25.2 billion USD in health expenditure from PM2.5 pollution in 2030. In contrast, with control policy in the WPol scenario, a control investment of 101.8 billion USD (0.79% of GDP) and a gain of 1.17% of China's GDP from improving PM2.5 pollution are projected. At the provincial level, GDP loss in 2030 in the WoPol scenario is high in Tianjin (3.08%), Shanghai (2.98%), Henan (2.32%), Beijing (2.75%), and Hebei (2.60%) and the top five provinces with the highest additional health expenditure are Henan, Sichuan, Shandong, Hebei, and Jiangsu. Controlling PM2.5 pollution could bring positive benefits in two-thirds of provinces. Tianjin, Shanghai, Beijing, Henan, Jiangsu, and Hebei experience most benefits from PM2.5 pollution control as a result of a higher PM2.5 pollution and dense population distribution. Conversely, the control investment is higher than GDP gain in some underdeveloped provinces, such as Ningxia, Guizhou, Shanxi, Gansu, and Yunnan.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan.|Center for Social and Environmental Systems Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies , 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Center for Social and Environmental Systems Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies , 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
authors.forename: Hancheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Center for Social and Environmental Systems Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies , 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
authors.forename: Huijuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Center for Social and Environmental Systems Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies , 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hanaoka
authors.affiliation: Center for Social and Environmental Systems Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies , 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masui
mesh_terms: D000068476:Beijing; D002681:China; D004787:Environmental Pollution; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D052638:Particulate Matter
chemical_list: D052638:Particulate Matter