title: Optimization of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane fabrication for protein binding using statistical experimental design.
abstract: Statistical experimental design was employed to optimize the preparation conditions of polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) membranes. Three variables considered were polymer concentration, dissolving temperature, and casting thickness, whereby the response variable was membrane-protein binding. The optimum preparation for the PVDF membrane was a polymer concentration of 16.55 wt%, a dissolving temperature of 27.5°C, and a casting thickness of 450 µm. The statistical model exhibits a deviation between the predicted and actual responses of less than 5%. Further characterization of the formed PVDF membrane showed that the morphology of the membrane was in line with the membrane-protein binding performance.
authors.affiliation: a School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seri Ampangan , Nibong Tebal , Penang , Malaysia.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: b Faculty of Chemical Engineering , Universiti Teknologi MARA , Shah Alam , Selangor , Malaysia.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ideris
authors.affiliation: a School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seri Ampangan , Nibong Tebal , Penang , Malaysia.
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Ooi
authors.affiliation: a School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Seri Ampangan , Nibong Tebal , Penang , Malaysia.
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Low
authors.affiliation: c Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Kubang Kerian , Kelantan , Malaysia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ismail
mesh_terms: D015151:Immunoblotting; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D011485:Protein Binding; D013696:Temperature; D005465:Fluorocarbon Polymers
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011145:Polyvinyls; C024865:polyvinylidene fluoride; D005465:Fluorocarbon Polymers
keywords: PVDF; experimental design; microporous membrane; morphology; optimization; protein binding