title: ABA-mediated responses to water deficit separate grapevine genotypes by their genetic background.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  ABA-mediated processes are involved in plant responses to water deficit, especially the control of stomatal opening. However in grapevine it is not known if these processes participate in the phenotypic variation in drought adaptation existing between genotypes. To elucidate this question, the response to short-term water-deficit was analysed in roots and shoots of nine Vitis genotypes differing in their drought adaptation in the field. The transcript abundance of 12 genes involved in ABA biosynthesis, catabolism, and signalling were monitored, together with physiological and metabolic parameters related to ABA and its role in controlling plant transpiration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although transpiration and ABA responses were well-conserved among the genotypes, multifactorial analyses separated Vitis vinifera varieties and V. berlandieri x V. rupestris hybrids (all considered drought tolerant) from the other genotypes studied. Generally, V. vinifera varieties, followed by V. berlandieri x V. rupestris hybrids, displayed more pronounced responses to water-deficit in comparison to the other genotypes. However, changes in transcript abundance in roots were more pronounced for Vitis hybrids than V. vinifera genotypes. Changes in the expression of the cornerstone ABA biosynthetic gene VviNCED1, and the ABA transcriptional regulator VviABF1, were associated with the response of V. vinifera genotypes, while changes in VviNCED2 abundance were associated with the response of other Vitis genotypes. In contrast, the ABA RCAR receptors were not identified as key components of the genotypic variability of water-deficit responses. Interestingly, the expression of VviSnRK2.6 (an AtOST1 ortholog) was constitutively lower in roots and leaves of V. vinifera genotypes and higher in roots of V. berlandieri x V. rupestris hybrids.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study highlights that Vitis genotypes exhibiting different levels of drought adaptation differ in key steps involved in ABA metabolism and signalling; both under well-watered conditions and in response to water-deficit. In addition, it supports that adaptation may be related to various mechanisms related or not to ABA responses.
authors.affiliation: UMR EGFV, ISVV-INRA, 210 chemin de Leysotte, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Landry
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rossdeutsch
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Agriculture, Private Bag 2, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia.
authors.forename: Everard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.affiliation: UMR EGFV, ISVV-INRA, 210 chemin de Leysotte, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Sarah J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Cookson
authors.affiliation: UMR EGFV, ISVV-Bordeaux University, 210 chemin de Leysotte, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barrieu
authors.affiliation: UMR EGFV, ISVV-Bordeaux Sciences-Agro, 210 chemin de Leysotte, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Gambetta
authors.affiliation: UMR EGFV, ISVV-Bordeaux University, 210 chemin de Leysotte, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Delrot
authors.affiliation: UMR EGFV, ISVV-INRA, 210 chemin de Leysotte, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France. ollat@bordeaux.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ollat
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D055864:Droughts; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D000068617:Genetic Background; D005838:Genotype; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054046:Plant Stomata / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D018526:Plant Transpiration / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D013045:Species Specificity; D027843:Vitis / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D014867:Water; D000040:Abscisic Acid
keywords: ABA signalling; Abscisic acid; Genotypic variability; Grapevine; Roots; Shoot; Transpiration; Water potential; Water-deficit