title: Label-free classification of colon cancer grading using infrared spectral histopathology.
abstract: In recent years spectral histopathology (SHP) has been established as a label-free method to identify cancer within tissue. Herein, this approach is extended. It is not only used to identify tumour tissue with a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 100%, but in addition the tumour grading is determined. Grading is a measure of how much the tumour cells differ from the healthy cells. The grading ranges from G1 (well-differentiated), to G2 (moderately differentiated), G3 (poorly differentiated) and in rare cases to G4 (anaplastic). The grading is prognostic and is needed for the therapeutic decision of the clinician. The presented results show good agreement between the annotation by SHP and by pathologists. A correlation matrix is presented, and the results show that SHP provides prognostic values in colon cancer, which are obtained in a label-free and automated manner. It might become an important automated diagnostic tool at the bedside in precision medicine.
authors.affiliation: Chair of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology Ruhr University Bochum, Germany. gerwert@bph.rub.de.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kuepper
authors.affiliation: Chair of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology Ruhr University Bochum, Germany. gerwert@bph.rub.de.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Großerueschkamp
authors.affiliation: Chair of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology Ruhr University Bochum, Germany. gerwert@bph.rub.de.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kallenbach-Thieltges
authors.affiliation: Chair of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology Ruhr University Bochum, Germany. gerwert@bph.rub.de.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mosig
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tannapfel
authors.affiliation: Chair of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology Ruhr University Bochum, Germany. gerwert@bph.rub.de.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gerwert
mesh_terms: D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared