title: Elevated CD1c+ Myeloid Dendritic Cell Proportions Associate With Clinical Activity and Predict Disease Reactivation in Noninfectious Uveitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the association between elevated proportions of CD1c+ myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) and disease activation/reactivation in noninfectious uveitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Noninfectious uveitis patients (n = 89) and healthy controls (n = 111) were recruited. The proportion of CD1c+ mDCs in the total dendritic cell (DC) population of peripheral blood was measured by flow cytometry (CD1c+ mDCs gated on Lineage 1+HLADR+ DCs). Disease activity was assessed per Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature criteria. Uveitis reactivation was ascribed to clinically quiescent patients who developed reactivation of intraocular inflammation within 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportions of CD1c+ mDCs were increased in noninfectious uveitis patients, especially in active disease, compared to healthy controls. This CD1c+ mDC elevation was not associated with underlying systemic diseases, anatomic locations of uveitis, medications, or demographic factors. Longitudinal data showed that the dynamics of CD1c+ mDC levels were correlated with disease activity. The average proportion of CD1c+ mDCs in active uveitis patients was 60% so we set this as the cutoff between high and low CD1c+ mDC levels. Although 74% of quiescent patients had low proportions of CD1c+ mDCs, 26% still had high proportions. Quiescent patients with high CD1c+ mDC proportions showed increased risk of disease reactivation, compared to quiescent patients with low CD1c+ mDC proportions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased proportions of CD1c+ mDCs were associated with clinical activity, and quiescent patients with elevated CD1c+ mDCs were more likely to undergo reactivation. This suggests that CD1c+ mDC proportion may be a potential biomarker for assessing clinical activation and reactivation in noninfectious uveitis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States 2Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Cristhian A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Urzua
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States.
authors.forename: Jared E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Knickelbein
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States 3School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States.
authors.forename: Jane S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States.
authors.forename: Zhiyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hannes
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States 3School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chaigne-Delalande
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Armbrust
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tucker
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States.
authors.forename: Baoying
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Application, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States.
authors.forename: Elvira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Agrón
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States.
authors.forename: H Nida
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States.
authors.forename: Robert B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Nussenblatt
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018949:Antigens, CD1; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002452:Cell Count / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D022423:Myeloid Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014605:Uveitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018949:Antigens, CD1; D015415:Biomarkers; C437944:CD1C protein, human; D006023:Glycoproteins