title: [Inflammation of the parathyroid glands].
abstract: Inflammation of the parathyroid glands is rare when compared to other endocrine organs. This leads to the use of descriptive terms as well as the lack of a generally accepted classification for inflammatory disorders of the parathyroid glands. This review article proposes that parathyroid inflammation be subdivided morphologically into (a) non-specific lymphocytic infiltration, which is more an expression of damage to small vessels, due to e. g. severe systemic inflammation or myocardial infarction, (b) autoimmunogenic lymphocytic parathyroiditis, (c) nonimmunogenic inflammation caused by granulomatous diseases or infections and (d) invasive sclerosing (peri) parathyroiditis. As only parathyroid glands removed due to hyperparathyroidism and normal parathyroid glands incidentally removed during thyroid surgery are seen almost exclusively in routine histopathology, virtually no information about the morphological correlate of hypoparathyroidism is available.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Deutschland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ting
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Deutschland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Synoracki
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Deutschland.
authors.forename: S-Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Sheu
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Deutschland. kw.schmid@uk-essen.de.
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Schmid
mesh_terms: D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007249:Inflammation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008218:Lymphocytosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D010279:Parathyroid Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D010280:Parathyroid Glands / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G
keywords: Autoimmune disease; IgG4-related disease; Lymphocytic infiltrate; Parathyroid glands; Parathyroiditis