title: Infrared micro-spectroscopy of human tissue: principles and future promises.
abstract: This article summarizes the methods employed, and the progress achieved over the past two decades in applying vibrational (Raman and IR) micro-spectroscopy to problems of medical diagnostics and cellular biology. During this time, several research groups have verified the enormous information contained in vibrational spectra; in fact, information on protein, lipid and metabolic composition of cells and tissues can be deduced by decoding the observed vibrational spectra. This decoding process is aided by the availability of computer workstations and advanced algorithms for data analysis. Furthermore, commercial instrumentation for the fast collection of both Raman and infrared micro-spectral data has enabled the collection of images of cells and tissues based solely on vibrational spectroscopic data. The progress in the field has been manifested by a steady increase in the number and quality of publications submitted by established and new research groups in vibrational spectroscopy in the biological and biomedical arenas.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Spectral Diagnosis (LSpD), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 316 Hurtig Hall, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, USA. m.diem@neu.edu and Cireca Theranostics, LLC, 19 Blackstone St, Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Diem
authors.affiliation: Cireca Theranostics, LLC, 19 Blackstone St, Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Ayşegül
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ergin
authors.affiliation: Cireca Theranostics, LLC, 19 Blackstone St, Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Stan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Remiszewski
authors.affiliation: Cireca Theranostics, LLC, 19 Blackstone St, Cambridge, MA, USA and Department of Mathematics and Statistics and Program in Bioinformatics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Xinying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akalin
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raz
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D003585:Cell Biology; D006801:Humans; D057089:Pathology, Molecular; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared / Q000639:trends*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D014732:Vibration