title: Association of proton pump inhibitors with the occurrence of gut-derived bacteraemia in patients with haematological malignancy after chemotherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gut-derived bacteraemia is a major complication in patients with haematological malignancy after chemotherapy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our study aimed to investigate the role of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in the occurrence of gut-derived bacteraemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared data from 92 hospitalized haematological malignancy patients after chemotherapy with gut-derived bacteraemia, collected from January 2009 to July 2015, with those of 92 contemporaneous, hospitalized haematological malignancy patients without bacteraemia. We evaluated PPIs use and analysed the effects of covariates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with gut-derived bacteraemia had a significantly higher incidence of PPIs use (69.6%) than that of controls (47.8%). Of the patients with gut-derived bacteraemia, only 44.6% had a documented indication for PPIs therapy. The antibacterial prophylaxis rate was 38.0% in the bacteraemia group and 58.7% in the non-antibacterial group. Based on multivariable logistic regression analysis, only PPIs use (P = 0.00, odds ratio (OR) = 0.546) was found to be associated with the risk of bacteraemia whereas antibacterial prophylaxis (P = 0.00, OR = 0.652) was protective. There were no significant differences in demographics, malignancy status, length of neutropenia, complications, or steroid use between the gut-derived bacteraemia and control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests a potential association between PPIs use and development of gut-derived bacteraemia in haematological malignancy patients after chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Hematology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Zhejiang 325000 , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shu-Juan
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: b Department of Prosthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology , Wenzhou Medical University , Zhejiang 325000 , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Si-Qian
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Hematology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Zhejiang 325000 , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yong-Yong
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: a Department of Hematology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Zhejiang 325000 , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Li-Yuan
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Hematology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Zhejiang 325000 , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yi-Fen
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Hematology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Zhejiang 325000 , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Hematology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Zhejiang 325000 , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: a Department of Hematology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Zhejiang 325000 , P.R. China.
authors.forename: Kang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000382:microbiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors
keywords: Gut-derived bacteraemia; Hematologic malignancy; Prophylactic antibiotics; Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)