title: Vanillin mitigates potassium bromate-induced molecular, biochemical and histopathological changes in the kidney of adult mice.
abstract: The present study aimed to explore the ability of vanillin to ameliorate the adverse effects induced by potassium bromate (KBrO3) in the renal tissue. Our results showed a significant increase in hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein product and protein carbonyl levels in the kidney of KBrO3 treated mice, compared with the control group. Nephrotoxicity was evidenced by a decrease in plasma uric acid and kidney glutathione levels, Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase, lactate dehydrogenase and catalase activities. Additionally, creatinine and urea levels significantly increased in the plasma and declined in the urine. Also, Kidney glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, metallothionein (MT1 and MT2) mRNA expression remarkably increased. These modifications in biochemical and molecular values were substantiated by histopathological data. Co-treatment with vanillin restored these parameters to near control values. Interestingly, vanillin proved to possess, in vitro, a stronger scavenging radical activity than vitamin C and Trolox. Thus, vanillin inhibited KBrO3-induced damage via its antioxidant and antiradical activities as well as its capacity to protect genes expression and histopathological changes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacology, UR/12 ES-13, Faculty of Medicine, 3029 Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia. Electronic address: hajerbensaad21@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Hajer
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ben Saad
authors.affiliation: Enzymes and Bioconversions Laboratory, National Engineering School, University of Sfax, BP 1173, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Dorra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Driss
authors.affiliation: Enzymes and Bioconversions Laboratory, National Engineering School, University of Sfax, BP 1173, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Samia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ellouz Chaabouni
authors.affiliation: Anatomopathology Laboratory, Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, 3029 Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Tahia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Boudawara
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacology, UR/12 ES-13, Faculty of Medicine, 3029 Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Khaled Mounir
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Zeghal
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacology, UR/12 ES-13, Faculty of Medicine, 3029 Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hakim
authors.affiliation: Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax, 3000 Sfax University, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Ibtissem
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ben Amara
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001547:Benzaldehydes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D052160:Benzothiazoles / Q000378:metabolism; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D001959:Bromates / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects; D006203:Hair Preparations / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001547:Benzaldehydes; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D001959:Bromates; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D006203:Hair Preparations; D010851:Picrates; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; C019536:potassium bromate; C002502:2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid; D008668:Metallothionein; C100058:vanillin; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases
keywords: Antioxidant activity; Genes expression; Metallothionein; Potassium bromate; Vanillin