title: Variables associated with vaginal discharge after ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation for adenomyosis.
abstract: Objective The aim of this study was to analyse the significant variables for vaginal discharge after ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation (PMWA) therapy. Materials and methods PMWA was performed on 117 patients with adenomyosis from October 2012 to July 2014. The presence or absence, colour, quantity and duration of vaginal discharge, which was different from pre-ablation, were recorded within 1 year after PMWA. Patients were categorised into G1 (n = 26, without vaginal discharge), G2 (n = 40, vaginal discharge lasting 1 to 19 days), and G3 (n = 51, vaginal discharge lasting ≥20 days) groups. The potentially correlative variables were analysed. Variables with significant correlations with vaginal discharge post-ablation were identified via binary logistic regression analysis. Results The differences in adenomyosis type, pre-ablation uterine volume, total microwave ablation energy, total non-perfused volume (NPV) and minimum distance from the non-perfused lesion (NPL) margin to the endomyometrial junction (EMJ) among groups were statistically significant (p = 0.005, p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.005 and p = 0.000, respectively). Minimum distance from the NPL margin to the EMJ was the strongest predictor of vaginal discharge post-ablation with odds ratio (OR) 0.632, p = 0.018, 95% CI 0.432-0.923. Patients with diffuse adenomyosis were more likely to have prolonged vaginal discharge (≥20 days) post-ablation (OR 3.461, p = 0.000, 95% CI 1.759-7.536). Conclusion The minimum distance from the NPL margin to the EMJ and adenomyosis type were significantly associated with vaginal discharge post-ablation.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Interventional Ultrasound , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Rui-Fang
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Interventional Ultrasound , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Interventional Ultrasound , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Yu
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: a Department of Interventional Ultrasound , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Bing-Song
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Interventional Ultrasound , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Interventional Ultrasound , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Xiu-Mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a Department of Interventional Ultrasound , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Hai-Long
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: a Department of Interventional Ultrasound , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Xue-Juan
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D062788:Adenomyosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D057086:High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008872:Microwaves; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014599:Uterus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D019522:Vaginal Discharge
keywords: Adenomyosis; logistic regression; microwave ablation; thermal ablation; vaginal discharge