title: Understanding plant cell-wall remodelling during the symbiotic interaction between Tuber melanosporum and Corylus avellana using a carbohydrate microarray.
abstract: A combined approach, using a carbohydrate microarray as a support for genomic data, has revealed subtle plant cell-wall remodelling during Tuber melanosporum and Corylus avellana interaction. Cell walls are involved, to a great extent, in mediating plant-microbe interactions. An important feature of these interactions concerns changes in the cell-wall composition during interaction with other organisms. In ectomycorrhizae, plant and fungal cell walls come into direct contact, and represent the interface between the two partners. However, very little information is available on the re-arrangement that could occur within the plant and fungal cell walls during ectomycorrhizal symbiosis. Taking advantage of the Comprehensive Microarray Polymer Profiling (CoMPP) technology, the current study has had the aim of monitoring the changes that take place in the plant cell wall in Corylus avellana roots during colonization by the ascomycetous ectomycorrhizal fungus T. melanosporum. Additionally, genes encoding putative plant cell-wall degrading enzymes (PCWDEs) have been identified in the T. melanosporum genome, and RT-qPCRs have been performed to verify the expression of selected genes in fully developed C. avellana/T. melanosporum ectomycorrhizae. A localized degradation of pectin seems to occur during fungal colonization, in agreement with the growth of the ectomycorrhizal fungus through the middle lamella and with the fungal gene expression of genes acting on these polysaccharides.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy.|Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Università di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, 10095, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabiano
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sillo
authors.affiliation: Section for Plant Glycobiology, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jonatan U
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Fangel
authors.affiliation: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7257, 13288, Marseille, France.|Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Aix-Marseille University, 13288, Marseille, France.|INRA, USC 1408 AFMB, 13288, Marseille, France.|Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Henrissat
authors.affiliation: Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (IPSP) del CNR, Torino Unit, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Faccio
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bonfante
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'excellence ARBRE, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR 1136 Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, INRA-Nancy, 54 280, Champenoux, France.
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Section for Plant Glycobiology, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: William G T
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Willats
authors.affiliation: Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (IPSP) del CNR, Torino Unit, Viale Mattioli 25, 10125, Torino, Italy. raffaella.balestrini@ipsp.cnr.it.
authors.forename: Raffaella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Balestrini
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D031211:Corylus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D038821:Mycorrhizae; D010368:Pectins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D010368:Pectins; C003181:polygalacturonic acid
keywords: Carbohydrate-Active enZYmes; CoMPP; Ectomycorrhiza; Hazel; Plant cell wall; Tuber