title: A preliminary proteomic characterisation of extracellular vesicles released by the ovine parasitic nematode, Teladorsagia circumcincta.
abstract: Teladorsagia circumcincta is a major cause of ovine parasitic gastroenteritis in temperate climatic regions. The development of high levels of anthelmintic resistance in this nematode species challenges its future control. Recent research indicates that many parasite species release extracellular vesicles into their environment, many of which have been classified as endocytic in origin, termed exosomes. These vesicles are considered to play important roles in the intercellular communication between parasites and their hosts, and thus represent potentially useful targets for novel control strategies. Here, we demonstrate that exosome-like extracellular vesicles can be isolated from excretory-secretory (ES) products released by T. circumcincta fourth stage larvae (Tci-L4ES). Furthermore, we perform a comparative proteomic analysis of vesicle-enriched and vesicle-free Tci-L4ES. Approximately 73% of the proteins identified in the vesicle-enriched fraction were unique to this fraction, whilst the remaining 27% were present in both vesicle-enriched and vesicle-free fraction. These unique proteins included structural proteins, nuclear proteins, metabolic proteins, proteolytic enzymes and activation-associated secreted proteins. Finally, we demonstrate that molecules present within the vesicles-enriched material are targets of the IgA and IgG response in T. circumcincta infected sheep, and could potentially represent useful targets for future vaccine intervention studies.
authors.affiliation: Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, EH26 0PZ, Edinburgh, UK. Electronic address: Thomas.Tzelos@moredun.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tzelos
authors.affiliation: Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, EH26 0PZ, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Jacqueline B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, EH9 3JL, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Amy H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Buck
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, EH9 3JL, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Simbari
authors.affiliation: Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, EH26 0PZ, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Frew
authors.affiliation: Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, EH26 0PZ, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Neil F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Inglis
authors.affiliation: Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, EH26 0PZ, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McLean
authors.affiliation: Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, EH26 0PZ, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Alasdair J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Nisbet
authors.affiliation: The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian,EH25 9RG, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: C Bruce A
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Whitelaw
authors.affiliation: Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, EH26 0PZ, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Knox
authors.affiliation: Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, EH26 0PZ, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Tom N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: McNeilly
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000067128:Extracellular Vesicles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D015801:Helminth Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions / Q000276:immunology; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000378:metabolism; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000378:metabolism; D007411:Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007814:Larva; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis; D040901:Proteomics; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D014251:Trichostrongyloidea / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D014252:Trichostrongyloidiasis / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D015801:Helminth Proteins; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D020543:Proteome
keywords: Extracellular vesicles; Nematode; Proteomics; Teladorsagia circumcincta