title: Cellular Trace Element Changes in Type 1 Diabetes Patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) may lead to deficiencies in trace elements that have substantial functions in the human organism. Changes in serum magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) levels are correlated with metabolic control and diabetes complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intra-erythrocyte levels of trace elements and urinary Mg excretion following intravenous (iv) Mg tolerance testing in children with T1DM.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 43 children aged 2-18 years with T1DM and age/gender-matched 25 healthy children were included in the study. The iv Mg tolerance test was performed following the measurement of intra-erythrocyte Mg (eMg1), Cu (eCu1), and Zn (eZn1) levels using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer method. The Mg retention ratio was estimated from measurements in 24 h urine samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant difference was found for eMg1, eCu1, and eZn1 levels between the patient and control groups (p>0.05). In the patient group, the eMg1, eCu1, and eZn1 levels measured after the iv Mg tolerance test significantly increased compared with the baseline levels (p<0.05), and the Mg excretion ratio measured from the urine collected after the iv MgSO4 infusion was >50%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increased retention value following the iv Mg tolerance testing indicates intracellular Mg deficiency in children with T1DM.
authors.forename: Vahap
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Uğurlu
authors.affiliation: Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Eskişehir, Turkey Phone: +90 532 377 14 96 E-mail: cigdembinay@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Çiğdem
authors.initials: Ç
authors.lastname: Binay
authors.forename: Enver
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Şimşek
authors.forename: Cengiz
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003300:Copper / Q000097:blood*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis; D015032:Zinc / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014131:Trace Elements; D003300:Copper; D008274:Magnesium; D015032:Zinc