title: [Influence of three booster doses hepatitis B vaccine on the persistence of immune-protection among infants with normal and high antibody response to primary vaccination: a matched case-control study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the influence of three-booster-doses hepatitis B vaccines on children with normal and high antibody response to primary vaccination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) were detected after primary vaccination and children with normal or high response to hepatitis B primary vaccination at infancy, were identified. Children who were given three booster doses were selected to form the booster group and who were given no booster dose were 1∶1 matched with the same gender and residence to form the control group. Blood samples were obtained from all the participants and tested for anti-HBs and anti-HBc, 5 years after the primary vaccination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The positive rates of anti-HBs response to primary vaccination were 97.39% (224/230, 95% CI: 94.41%-99.04%) in the booster group and 53.91% (124/230, 95% CI: 47.24%-60.48%) in the control group (P<0.05), 5 years after the primary vaccination. Geometric mean concentration (GMC) of anti-HBs were 1 140.02 (887.46-1 464.46) mIU/ml in the booster group and 11.53 (8.73-15.23) mIU/ml in the control group (P<0.05). The prevalence rates of breakthrough HBV infection were 0.87% (2/230) in the booster group and 2.17%(5/230) in the control group (P>0.05). RESULTS from the multivariable analysis showed that the booster doses (OR=38.75, 95%CI: 16.23-92.54) and the level of anti-HBs after the primary vaccination (OR =3.06, 95%CI:1.51-6.17) were independently associated with the positive rates of anti-HBs, 5 years after the primary vaccination (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Programs with three booster doses to children that showing normal and high antibody response to primary vaccination could improve the persistence of anti-HBs but possibly would not be able to prevent the HBV infection.
authors.affiliation: Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lyu
authors.affiliation: Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: Jiaye
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: Bingyu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: Lizhi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Guomin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Fuzhen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China.
authors.forename: Aiqiang
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000917:Antibody Formation; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus; D006801:Humans; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D007223:Infant; D015995:Prevalence; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines