title: Assessment of caprine corpora lutea growth, progesterone concentration, and eNOS expression: effect of a compensatory gain model.
abstract: The experiment was conducted to evaluate corpus luteum (CL) growth, progesterone (P4) concentration, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression in nutrient stair-step fed goats. Female goats (n = 32) that exhibited at least 2, normal, consecutive estrous cycles were randomly assigned to either the control or stair-step fed group. In the control group, goats were fed ad libitum (100% of nutrient requirement for goats). The goats in the stair-step group were fed 70% of the control consumption for the first 42 d and 130% for the later 42 d during 4 consecutive estrous cycles (84 d). Blood and luteal samples were collected on days 3, 8, 13, and 18 of the estrous cycle to determine concentration of glucose, insulin, P4, luteal growth, and eNOS expression. Luteal growth was determined using fresh CL weight, DNA content, DNA and protein concentrations, and cell proliferation (labeling index of Ki-67). During realimentation phase at 4 h, glucose and insulin concentrations were greater (P < 0.05) in stair-step fed goat than those in control goats. Fresh CL weight, DNA content, protein concentrations, and labeling index of Ki67 on day 8 of the estrous cycle in the stair-step group were greater (P < 0.05) than that in the control group. Protein for eNOS was located in the capillaries of CL throughout of the estrous cycle in both groups. Greater serum P4 concentrations and eNOS protein (P < 0.05) were observed in the stair-step fed goats on day 3 (1.83 ng/mL and 6.79%) compared with the control goats (0.98 ng/mL and 6.02%) and on day 8 (5.15 ng/mL and 7.88%) compared with the control goats (4.54 ng/mL and 7.07%). These data demonstrate that luteal growth, progesterone concentration, and eNOS protein were partially affected by nutrient compensatory gain in goats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thammasiri
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center for Sustainable Economy (ABRCSE), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. Electronic address: chanav@kku.ac.th.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Navanukraw
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uriyapongson
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Khanthusaeng
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Animal Science and Agricultural Technology, Silpakorn University Phetchaburi IT Campus, Phetchaburi 76120, Thailand.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lertchunhakiat
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Loei Rajabhat University, Loei 42000, Thailand.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boonkong
mesh_terms: D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D003338:Corpus Luteum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development*; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D030762:Estrous Cycle; D005260:Female; D006041:Goats / Q000502:physiology*; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood*; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D011506:Proteins; D011374:Progesterone; D004247:DNA; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
keywords: Goats; Luteal growth; Progesterone; Realimentation; Restriction; eNOS protein