title: Birth room images: what they tell us about childbirth. A discourse analysis of birth rooms in developed countries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  this study examined images of birth rooms in developed countries to analyse the messages and visual discourse being communicated through images.
  
  
  METHODS
  a small qualitative study using Kress and van Leeuwen's (2006) social semiotic theoretical framework for image analysis, a form of discourse analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  forty images of birth rooms were collected in 2013 from Google Images, Flickr, Wikimedia Commons and midwifery colleagues. The images were from obstetric units, alongside and freestanding midwifery units located in developed countries (Australia, Canada, Europe, New Zealand, United Kingdom and the United States of America).
  
  
  RESULTS
  findings demonstrated three kinds of birth room images; the technological, the 'homelike', and the hybrid domesticated birth room. The most dominant was the technological birth room, with a focus on the labour bed and medical equipment. The visual messages from images of the technological birth room reinforce the notion that the bed is the most appropriate place to give birth and the use of medical equipment is intrinsically involved in the birth process. Childbirth is thus construed as risky/dangerous.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  as images on the Internet inform and persuade society about stereotypical behaviours, the trends of our time and sociocultural norms, it is important to recognise images of the technological birth room on the Internet may be influential in dictating women's attitudes, choices and behaviour, before they enter the birth room.
authors.affiliation: University of Technology Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: calidaellora78@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Calida
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bowden
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing and Midwifery at Western Sydney University, Australia.
authors.forename: Athena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sheehan
authors.affiliation: Centre for Midwifery, Child and Family Health at the University of Technology Sydney, Australia; Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand; University of Southern Denmark.
authors.forename: Maralyn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Foureur
mesh_terms: D003696:Delivery Rooms; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000523:psychology*; D019049:Developed Countries; D004779:Environment Design; D005260:Female; D006272:Health Facility Environment / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D036801:Parturition / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011584:Psychology; D061108:Social Media
keywords: Birth environment; Discourse analysis; Image analysis; Internet; Qualitative research; Visual messages