title: The combination of UCP3-55CT and PPARγ2Pro12Ala polymorphisms affects BMI and substrate oxidation in two diabetic populations.
abstract: To evaluate the combined contribution of UCP3-55CT and PPARγ2 Pro12Ala polymorphisms as correlates of BMI, energy expenditure (REE) and substrate oxidation in people with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  
  Two independent population with type 2 diabetes were studied: population A, n = 272; population B, n = 269. Based on both UCP3 and PPARγ2 genotypes three groups were created. Carriers of the PPARγ2 Pro12Ala in combination with the CC genotype of UCP3 (ProAla/CC, group 1); carriers of only one of these genotypes (either CC/ProPro or CT-TT/ProAla, group 2); people with neither variants (CT-TT/ProPro, group 3). In both populations BMI (kg/m(2)) was highest in group 1, intermediate in group 2 and lowest in group 3, independent of energy intake (i.e 35.3 ± 6.7 vs 33.4 ± 5.4 vs 31.8 ± 3, p < 0.02, population A; 32.4 ± 4.2 vs 31.7 ± 3.8 vs 30.1 ± 2.7; p < 0.03, population B). People with the ProAla/CC genotype (group 1) showed similar REE, but lower lipid oxidation (10.9 vs 13.9 g/kg fat free mass/day; p = 0.04) and higher carbohydrate oxidation (23.6 vs 15.6 g/kg fat free mass/day; p = 0.02) than carriers of other genotypes.
  
  
  
  The combination of UCP3-55 CC and PPARγ2 Pro12Ala genotypes is associated with significantly higher BMI than other PPARγ2-UCP3 genotype combinations, partly due to a reduced ability in lipids oxidation. The relative importance of these mechanism(s) may be different in non diabetic people.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Italy. Electronic address: emanuela1978@hotmail.it.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lapice
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (DMMBM), University of Naples Federico II, Italy; Institute Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore" (IEOS) - CNR, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Monticelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cocozza
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (DMMBM), University of Naples Federico II, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pinelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Massimino
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giacco
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Rivellese
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (DMMBM), University of Naples Federico II, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cocozza
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Riccardi
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vaccaro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D000071247:Uncoupling Protein 3 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D047495:PPAR gamma; C000604392:UCP3 protein, human; D000071247:Uncoupling Protein 3
keywords: BMI; Polymorphism; Type 2 diabetes