title: Ultrasound-guided aspiration of hydrosalpinx occurring during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation could improve clinical outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether aspiration of hydrosalpinx during oocyte retrieval could improve the clinical outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET).
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical data of 598 IVF-ET cycles with tubal factor infertility at Reproductive Medical Center, 105 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Anhui, China, between March 2011 and July 2015 were analyzed in this retrospective study. Among them, 71 cycles with unilateral or bilateral hydrosalpinx confirmed on both hysterosalpingography (HSG) and ultrasonography before controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) were assigned to group A. A total of 51 cycles with unilateral or bilateral hydrosalpinx occurring during COH and confirmed on ultrasonography were assigned to group B. In both group A and group B, ultrasound-guided hydrosalpinx aspiration was performed in all patients when oocyte retrieval was finished. A further 35 cycles with unilateral or bilateral hydrosalpinx during COH received no intervention and were assigned to group C. A total of 441 cycles without hydrosalpinx on HSG or on ultrasonography before or during COH served as the control (group D). The IVF-ET outcomes of the four groups were analyzed and compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The embryo implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate in group A and group C were significantly lower than those in group B and group D. The ongoing pregnancy rate in group A was significantly lower than that in group B and group D, and the ongoing pregnancy rate in group C was significantly lower than that in group D.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aspiration of hydrosalpinx occurring during COH could significantly improve the clinical outcomes of IVF-ET, but not for the hydrosalpinx occurring before COH.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, Clinical College of People's Liberation Army Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.|Reproductive Medicine Center, 105 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, Clinical College of People's Liberation Army Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.|Reproductive Medicine Center, 105 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, Clinical College of People's Liberation Army Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.|Reproductive Medicine Center, 105 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Xiang
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, Clinical College of People's Liberation Army Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.|Reproductive Medicine Center, 105 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, Clinical College of People's Liberation Army Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.|Reproductive Medicine Center, 105 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Xue-Mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, Clinical College of People's Liberation Army Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.|Reproductive Medicine Center, 105 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hefei, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Min
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007047:Hysterosalpingography / Q000379:methods; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods*; D019152:Paracentesis / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*
keywords: controlled ovarian hyperstimulation; hydrosalpinx; in vitro fertilization outcome; tubal factor infertility