title: Somatic embryogenesis and enhanced shoot organogenesis in Metabriggsia ovalifolia W. T. Wang.
abstract: An efficient protocol providing a dual regeneration pathway via direct shoot organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis for an endangered species, Metabriggsia ovalifolia W. T. Wang, was established from leaf explants. When applied at 2.5 μM, the cytokinins 6-benzyladenine (BA) or thidiazuron (TDZ) and the auxins indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) could induce shoots when on basal Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. BA and TDZ could induce more adventitious shoots (19.1 and 31.2/explant, respectively) than NAA (4.6/explant), IBA (5.7/explant) or IAA (6.4/explant). BA and TDZ at 5-10 μM could induce both shoots and somatic embryos. A higher concentration of TDZ (25 μM) induced only somatic embryos (39.8/explant). The same concentration of BA induced both adventitious shoots (23.6/explant) and somatic embryos (9.7/explant). Thus, somatic embryogenesis in this plant needs a high cytokinin concentration (BA; TDZ), as evidenced by histology. Somatic embryos germinated easily when left on the same media, but formed adventitious roots in two weeks on MS supplemented with 0.5 μM NAA, 0.5 μM IBA and 0.1% activated charcoal. Over 93% of plantlets survived following acclimatization and transfer to a mixture of sand and vermiculite (1:1, v/v) in trays.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Yulu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Jinfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Jaime A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Teixeira da Silva
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
authors.forename: Xinhua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
authors.forename: Guohua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D003583:Cytokinins / Q000378:metabolism; D056727:Endangered Species; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000068378:Lamiales / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D058439:Plant Somatic Embryogenesis Techniques / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003583:Cytokinins; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids