title: Chitin-fibroin-hydroxyapatite membrane for guided bone regeneration: micro-computed tomography evaluation in a rat model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In guided bone regeneration (GBR) technique, many materials have been used for improving biological effectiveness by adding on membranes. The new membrane which was constructed with chitin-fibroin-hydroxyapatite (CNF/HAP) was compared with a collagen membrane (Bio-Gide®) by means of micro-computed tomography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four rats were used in this study. A critical-sized (8 mm) bony defect was created in the calvaria with a trephine bur. The CNF/HAP membrane was prepared by thermally induced phase separation. In the experimental group (n= 18), the CNF/HAP membrane was used to cover the bony defect, and in the control group (n= 18), a resorbable collagen membrane (Bio-Gide®) was used. In the negative control group (n= 18), no membrane was used. In each group, six animals were euthanized at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after surgery. The specimens were analyzed using micro-CT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bone volume (BV) and bone mineral density (BMD) of the new bone showed significant difference between the negative control group and membrane groups (P< 0.05). However, between two membranes, the difference was not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CNF/HAP membrane has significant effect on the new bone formation and has the potential to be applied for guided bone regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan, 50612 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Jae
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan, 50612 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan, 50612 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Good Gang-An Hospital, Busan, 48256 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hong-Sung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan, 50612 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Hun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Shin
keywords: Chitin-fibroin-hydroxyapatite; Guided bone regeneration; Micro-computed tomography; Rat calvarial defect