title: Turkish propolis protects human endothelial cells in vitro from homocysteine-induced apoptosis.
abstract: Chronic cardiovascular and neurodegenerative complications induced by hyperhomocysteinemia have been most relatively associated with endothelial cell injury. Elevated homocysteine (Hcy) generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) accompanying with oxidative stress which is hallmarks of the molecular mechanisms responsible for cardiovascular disease. Propolis is a natural product, obtained by honeybee from various oils, pollens, special resins and wax materials, conventionally used with the purpose of treatment by folks Propolis has various biological activities and powerful antioxidant capacity. The flavonoids and phenolic acids, most bioactive components of propolis, have superior antioxidant ability to defend cell from free radicals. This study was designed to examine the protective effects of Turkish propolis (from east of country) on Hcy induced ROS production and apoptosis in human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). According to results, co-treatment of HUVECs with propolis decreased Hcy-induced ROS overproduction and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels. Furthermore, overproductions of Bax, caspase-9 and caspase-3 protein, elevation of cytochrome c release in Hcy-treated HUVECs were significantly reduced by propolis. It was concluded that propolis has cytoprotective ability against cytotoxic effects of high Hcy in HUVECs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Bingol University, 12000 Bingol, Turkey. Electronic address: edarendelioglu@bingol.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Ekrem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Darendelioglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Bingol University, 12000 Bingol, Turkey. Electronic address: gaykutoglu@bingol.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Gurkan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aykutoglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Bingol University, 12000 Bingol, Turkey. Electronic address: musatartik@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Musa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tartik
authors.affiliation: Bingol University Rectorate, Bingol University, 12000 Bingol, Turkey. Electronic address: baydas@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Giyasettin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baydas
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011429:Propolis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D014421:Turkey
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D011429:Propolis
keywords: Apoptosis; HUVECs; Homocysteine; LPO; Propolis; ROS