title: Silencing of RTKN2 by siRNA suppresses proliferation, and induces G1 arrest and apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells.
abstract: Human bladder cancer is the most common urological malignancy in China. One of the causes of carcinogenesis in the cancer may be gene mutation. Therefore, the present study investigated the expression levels of Rhotekin 2 (RTKN2), a Rho effector protein, in human bladder cancer tissues and cell lines, and examined the effect of RTKN2 on the proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and invasion of human bladder cancer cell lines. The mRNA expression levels of RTKN2 in 30 human bladder cancer tissue samples were significantly higher, compared with those in 30 normal human bladder tissue samples. The protein expression levels of RTKN2 was markedly higher in T24 and 5637 cells, compared with those in four other human bladder cancer cell lines. The silencing of RTKN2 by small interfering (si)RNA inhibited cell proliferation and arrested cell cycle at the G1 phase, via reducing the expression levels of the MCM10, CDK2, CDC24A and CDC6 cell cycle‑associated proteins in the T24 and 5637 cells. Furthermore, RTKN2 knockdown in the cells led to cell apoptosis and the suppression of invasion. These results suggested that RTKN2 is involved in the carcinogenesis and progression of human bladder cancer, indicating that RTKN2 may be a molecular target in cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yi-Xiang
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jin-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jia-Jie
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Guang-Hua
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xian-Jue
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D059585:G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000235:genetics*; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C495970:RTKN2 protein, human