title: Mouse models of papillary thyroid carcinoma - short review.
abstract: Thyroid carcinoma (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy, and its frequency is still rising. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounts for 80% of all TCs and usually is related to a very good prognosis. However, the standard therapeutic approaches are not always sufficient and disease progression is sometimes observed. These data highlight the limitation of our understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis and how they vary between individual patients. Over the last 19 years mouse models of thyroid cancers have been developed in order to give answers to questions about their genetic background, relations of key molecular events with pathways fundamental for cancer, and many others. Among these models genetically engineered mice were of utmost importance regarding the input of knowledge about human tumorigenesis. In the present review the most significant mouse models of PTC are described with particular emphasis on BRAFV600E-induced ones, for the sake of its frequency in PTC, relation to factors of poor prognosis, and the fact that, since its identification, it became an attractive target in novel therapies. For the presented mouse models phenotype consequences of particular genetic alterations are described as well as the limitations of the used methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland. Dagmara.Rusinek@io.gliwice.pl.
authors.forename: Dagmara
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rusinek
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krajewska
authors.forename: Michał
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jarząb
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Q000235:genetics; D000077273:Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C482119:BRAF protein, human; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf
keywords: BRAFV600E; mouse model; papillary thyroid carcinoma