title: Optimization of the composition of zwitterionic copolymers for the easy-construction of bio-inactive surfaces.
abstract: Random copolymers (S-PCMBx) of the zwitterionic monomer carboxymethylbetaine (CMB) and a small percentage of 3-methacryloyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane with various composition ratios were synthesized in ethanol using 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile as the initiator. An S-PCMBx layer formed on the glass substrate after soaking in the copolymer solution and had a thickness of 2-3 nm. The S-PCMBx-modified surface was highly hydrophilic and suppressed both the non-specific adsorption of protein (bovine serum albumin) and NIH3T3-fibroblast adhesion. The degree of adsorption suppression increased with increasing copolymer CMB content with a maximum at 90 mol % CMB. In contrast, the modification of the glass substrate with a PCMB homopolymer terminally modified with a trimethoxysilyl group did not effectively suppress protein adsorption and cell adhesion due to the low graft density. The importance of balancing the number of fixation points and the length of the zwitterionic polymer loops to produce bio-inactive metal oxide surfaces is suggested. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 2029-2036, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama-Shi, Toyama, Japan.
authors.forename: Miku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama-Shi, Toyama, Japan.|Frontier Research Core for Life Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama-Shi, Toyama, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakaji-Hirabayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama-Shi, Toyama, Japan.|Research Laboratories and Head Office, Institute for Polymer-Water Interfaces, Yatsuo, Toyama, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitano
authors.affiliation: R&D Laboratories, Osaka Organic Chemical Industry, Osaka, Kashiwara-Shi, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.affiliation: R&D Laboratories, Osaka Organic Chemical Industry, Osaka, Kashiwara-Shi, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saruwatari
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D001622:Betaine / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D007477:Ions; D051379:Mice; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D007477:Ions; D011108:Polymers; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D001622:Betaine
keywords: bio-inert surface; cell adhesion; polymer layer; protein adsorption; zwitterionic copolymer