title: Body mass index and the visceral adipose tissue expression of IL-6 and TNF-alpha are associated with the morphological severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in individuals with class III obesity.
abstract: To analyze the mRNA expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the liver and white adipose tissue samples of individuals with class III obesity (body mass index ≥40.0kg/m2) with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
  
  
  
  This cross-sectional study included patients with class III obesity exhibiting early or late morphological presentation of NAFLD (non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis [NAFL], n=8 and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis [NASH], n=13, respectively). All patients underwent bariatric surgery and peripheral blood, liver, and visceral white adipose tissue (WAT) samples were collected. Socio-demographic, anthropometric, clinical, plasma biochemical, and nutritional characteristics of each study subject were assessed and compared between patients presenting with NAFL and NASH. IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression in the liver and WAT samples were measured by using quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
  
  
  
  Individuals with class III obesity and NASH showed higher body mass index (BMI) and higher IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression in the WAT compared to that of patients with NAFL (p=0.01, for all associations).
  
  
  
  Individuals with class III obesity with higher morphological severity of NAFLD exhibited higher BMI and higher IL-6 and TNF-α expression in the WAT. Future prospective studies are warranted to determine how BMI, IL-6, and TNF-α affect the progression of NAFLD in individuals with class III obesity.
authors.affiliation: Nucleus of Epidemiological and Molecular Research Catrumano. Health Research Laboratory. Health Science Post-graduate Programme, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, 39401-001 Montes Claros, MG, Brazil; Department of Physiopathology, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, 39401-001 Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antônio Sérgio Barcala
authors.initials: ASB
authors.lastname: Jorge
authors.affiliation: Nucleus of Epidemiological and Molecular Research Catrumano. Health Research Laboratory. Health Science Post-graduate Programme, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, 39401-001 Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Marcus Oliveira
authors.initials: JMO
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: Nucleus of Epidemiological and Molecular Research Catrumano. Health Research Laboratory. Health Science Post-graduate Programme, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, 39401-001 Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alanna Fernandes
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Paraíso
authors.affiliation: Nucleus of Epidemiological and Molecular Research Catrumano. Health Research Laboratory. Health Science Post-graduate Programme, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, 39401-001 Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gislaine Candida Batista
authors.initials: GCB
authors.lastname: Jorge
authors.affiliation: Nucleus of Epidemiological and Molecular Research Catrumano. Health Research Laboratory. Health Science Post-graduate Programme, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, 39401-001 Montes Claros, MG, Brazil; Department of Physiopathology, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, 39401-001 Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Christine Mendes
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Silveira
authors.affiliation: Nucleus of Epidemiological and Molecular Research Catrumano. Health Research Laboratory. Health Science Post-graduate Programme, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, 39401-001 Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ludmilla Regina
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.affiliation: Nucleus of Epidemiological and Molecular Research Catrumano. Health Research Laboratory. Health Science Post-graduate Programme, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, 39401-001 Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Erivelton Pereira
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Nucleus of Epidemiological and Molecular Research Catrumano. Health Research Laboratory. Health Science Post-graduate Programme, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, 39401-001 Montes Claros, MG, Brazil; Department of Food Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 39404-547 Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: André Luiz Sena
authors.initials: ALS
authors.lastname: Guimaraes
authors.affiliation: Nucleus of Epidemiological and Molecular Research Catrumano. Health Research Laboratory. Health Science Post-graduate Programme, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, 39401-001 Montes Claros, MG, Brazil; Department of Food Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 39404-547 Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sérgio Henrique Sousa
authors.initials: SHS
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Nucleus of Epidemiological and Molecular Research Catrumano. Health Research Laboratory. Health Science Post-graduate Programme, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, 39401-001 Montes Claros, MG, Brazil; Department of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, 39401-001 Montes Claros, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: ambpatologi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alfredo Maurício Batista
authors.initials: AMB
authors.lastname: De-Paula
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D050110:Bariatric Surgery; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
keywords: Anthropometric factors; Class III obesity; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; Proinflammatory cytokines; Real-time-PCR