title: Minimally invasive carcinosarcoma ex pleomorphic adenoma: A case report and literature review with cytohistological correlation.
abstract: Carcinosarcoma of the salivary glands is a rare neoplasm, and the minimally invasive form constitutes a subgroup with a more favorable prognosis. The cytomorphologic features of this neoplasm can be appreciated on fine-needle aspiration biopsy.
  
  
  
  We present a patient with a minimally invasive carcinosarcoma ex non-recurrent pleomorphic adenoma (Ca ex PA) who underwent initial fine-needle aspiration biopsy followed by surgical resection. The tumor was composed predominantly of a light microscopic pleomorphic high-grade sarcoma exhibiting partial myoepithelial immunohistochemical features, with a minor component of in situ and invasive salivary duct carcinoma (10%). A limited area with features of a hyalinized pleomorphic adenoma was identified.
  
  
  
  This is the third case report of the cytological features of Ca ex PA of the salivary gland, with histologic correlation. It further illustrates the oncogenic relationship between epithelial and myoepithelial elements in the early stages of carcinosarcomatous transformation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E2483-E2489, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National University Health System, Singapore.
authors.forename: Yingting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mok
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National University Health System, Singapore.
authors.forename: Nga
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Min En
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore.
authors.forename: Lim
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chwee Ming
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National University Health System, Singapore.
authors.forename: Fredrik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Petersson
mesh_terms: D008949:Adenoma, Pleomorphic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D002296:Carcinosarcoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D037981:Neck Dissection / Q000379:methods*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000601:surgery*; D010307:Parotid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D035583:Rare Diseases; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma; carcinosarcoma; fine-needle aspiration; parotid; salivary duct carcinoma