title: Epidermal growth factor receptor mutations and brain metastasis in patients with nonadenocarcinoma of the lung.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study explored the potential association between epidermal growth.factor receptor. (EGFR) mutation status and brain metastasis in patients with nonadenocarcinoma nonsmall cell lung cancer. (NSCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed clinical data from 286 patients with nonadenocarcinoma NSCLC, who were tested for EGFR mutations and underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging at diagnosis. We examined the relationship between EGFR mutation and brain metastasis at initial presentation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 286 patients, 20 patients (7.0%) had EGFR mutations. EGFR mutations were more frequent in younger patients (11.1% in patients =64 years vs. 3.3% in patients >64 years: P = 0.01), females (21.4% vs. 3.5% in males: P <0.001), never-smokers (25.0% vs. 3.4% in smokers: P < 0.001), and tumors with nonsquamous histology (25.0% vs. 4.1% in squamous histology: P < 0.001). At diagnosis, the frequency of EGFR mutations was significantly different in patients with metastasis to different sites (4.0% [no metastases] vs. 10.4% [extracranial metastases] vs. 40.0% [brain metastases], P < 0.001). The strong association between EGFR mutation and brain metastasis remained significant in multivariate analysis (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 9.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] =2.32-40.45; P = 0.002). Associations were also found for EGFR mutation status with nonsquamous histology (adjusted OR = 4.46, 95% CI = 1.46-13.56; P = 0.008).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that the likelihood of nonadenocarcinoma patients having EGFR mutant tumors may differ according to brain metastasis and squamous cell histology.
authors.forename: Dong-Yeop
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Dae Ho
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Cheol Hyeon
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: Jae Cheol
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hee Jong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: Sang-We
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chang-Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Cancer Center Hospital, Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Im Il
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Na
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation
chemical_list: C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors