title: Albumin Cys34 adducted by acrolein as a marker of oxidative stress in ischemia-reperfusion injury during hepatectomy.
abstract: The aim of this study was to measure and identify the reactive carbonyl species (RCSs) released in the blood of humans subjected to hepatic resection. Pre-anesthesia malondialdehyde (MDA) plasma content (0.36 ± 0.11 nmol/mg protein) remained almost unchanged immediately after anaesthesia, before clamping and at the 10th min after ischemia, while markedly increased (to 0.59 ± 0.07 nmol/mg; p < 0.01, Tukey's post test) at the 10th min of reperfusion. A similar trend was observed for the protein carbonyls (PCs), whose pre-anesthesia levels (0.17 ± 0.13 nmol/mg) did not significantly change during ischemia, while increased more than fourfold at the 10th min of reperfusion (0.75 ± 0.17 nmol/mg; p < 0.01, Tukey's post test). RCSs were then identified as covalent adducts to the albumin Cys34, which we previously found as the most reactive protein nucleophilic site in plasma. By using a mass spectrometry (MS) approach based on precursor ion scanning, we found that acrolein (ACR) is the main RCS adducted to albumin Cys34. In basal conditions, the adducted albumin was 0.6 ± 0.4% of the native form but it increased by almost fourfold at the 10th min of reperfusion (2.3 ± 0.7%; p < 0.01, t-test analysis). Since RCSs are damaging molecules, we propose that RCSs, and ACR in particular, are new targets for novel molecular treatments aimed at reducing the ischemia/reperfusion damage by the use of RCS sequestering agents.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences , University of Florence , Florence , Italy ;
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Witort
authors.affiliation: a Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences , University of Florence , Florence , Italy ;
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Capaccioli
authors.affiliation: a Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences , University of Florence , Florence , Italy ;
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Becatti
authors.affiliation: a Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences , University of Florence , Florence , Italy ;
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fiorillo
authors.affiliation: b Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine , University of Florence , Florence , Italy ;
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Batignani
authors.affiliation: c Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care , University-Hospital Careggi , Florence , Italy ;
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pavoni
authors.affiliation: a Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences , University of Florence , Florence , Italy ;
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Piccini
authors.affiliation: d Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Milan , Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Marica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Orioli
authors.affiliation: d Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Milan , Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carini
authors.affiliation: d Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Milan , Milan , Italy.
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aldini
authors.affiliation: a Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences , University of Florence , Florence , Italy ;
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lulli
mesh_terms: D000171:Acrolein / Q000378:metabolism*; D000418:Albumins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D000171:Acrolein
keywords: Hepatic resection; mass spectrometry; protein carbonyls; reactive carbonyl species