title: Elevated expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 in human osteosarcoma and its association with tumor metastasis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) is one of the several MMPs that is associated with malignant tumors of breast, colon, cervix and lung, where its expression has been correlated with tumor invasion and metastasis. However, the role of MMP-3 in metastasis of osteosarcoma has not yet been explored.
  
  
  METHODS
  MMP-3 expression in 15 primary and metastatic osteosarcomas with case-matched adjacent non-tumor tissue was assessed by immunohistochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR. Further, MMP-3 mRNA and protein levels were also determined in osteoblast and osteosarcoma cell lines. Additionally, migration and invasion assays were performed in MMP-3 knockdown cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MMP-3 was expressed in 86.6% (13/15) of the osteosarcoma patients and its expression was significantly higher in metastatic tumors as compared to the primary osteosarcoma tumor tissues. Furthermore, osteosarcoma cell lines showed higher MMP-3 expression as compared to osteoblast cell lines. siRNA mediated MMP-3 knockdown in osteosarcoma cell lines significantly inhibited their migration and invasion properties.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrated that MMP-3 expression is deregulated in osteosarcomas and this potentially contributes to metastasis and might be a promising marker for the prognosis and therapy of metastatic osteosarcoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, The first affiliated hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No.54 Youdian Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310006, China China.
authors.forename: Jie-Feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Wen-Xi
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Jun-Jie
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000556:secondary
chemical_list: C511768:MMP3 protein, human; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3