title: Family-based risk factors for non-suicidal self-injury: Considering influences of maltreatment, adverse family-life experiences, and parent-child relational risk.
abstract: The current investigation addressed the potential for unique influences of perceived childhood maltreatment, adverse family-life events, and parent-child relational trauma on the lifetime occurrence and addictive features of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). Participants included 957 undergraduate students (747 females; M = 20.14 years, SD = 3.88) who completed online questionnaires regarding the key variables under study. Although self-injuring youth reported more experiences with each family-based risk factor, different patterns of association were found when lifetime engagement in NSSI or its addictive features were under study. Perceived parent-child relational trauma was uniquely linked with NSSI behavior after accounting for perceived childhood maltreatment; adverse family-life events had an additional unique association. In contrast, perceived paternal maltreatment was uniquely related with NSSI's addictive features. Findings underline the importance of studying inter-related family-based risk factors of NSSI simultaneously for a comprehensive understanding of familial correlates of NSSI behavior and its underlying features.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, USA. Electronic address: martinmj@umn.edu.
authors.forename: Jodi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Bureau
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Canada.
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yurkowski
authors.affiliation: Département de psychoeducation et de psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Canada.
authors.forename: Tania Renaud
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Fournier
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Canada.
authors.forename: Marie-France
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Lafontaine
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Research, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cloutier
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000523:psychology*; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D012307:Risk Factors; D016728:Self-Injurious Behavior / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Adverse family-life events; Childhood maltreatment; Non-suicidal self-injury; Parent–child relationships