title: Tumor Volumes in Choroidal Melanoma: Agreement Between Three-Dimensional Ultrasound and Two Mathematical Models.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the degree of agreement between 2 mathematical models and 3-dimensional ultrasonography (3DUS) in estimating choroidal melanoma tumor volumes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Reliability analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tumor measurements estimated by 2 mathematical models (designated Formula 1 and Formula 2) were compared to those obtained by 3DUS in 45 consecutive patients with primary choroidal melanoma to determine the percentage agreement between the models and 3DUS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both formulas tended to overestimate the tumor volume. Overall, the mean volume differences between 3DUS and Formula 1 and between 3DUS and Formula 2, respectively, were 51.7 mm(3) (95% confidence interval [CI], 187.6 to 84.3) and 23.8 mm(3) (95% CI, 122.5 to 74.8). Excluding mushroom-shaped tumors, the mean volume differences were 52.0 mm(3) (95% CI, 194.9 to 91.0) and 23.0 mm(3) (95% CI, 127.0 to 81.0), respectively. In mushroom-shaped tumors, mean volume differences were 49.9 mm(3) (95% CI, 135.7 to 35.9) and 29.3 mm(3) (95% CI, 87.6 to 29.0), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The agreement between these mathematical models and the measured 3DUS volume was high. The data obtained in this study show that both formulas provide a simple, fast, and accurate method of estimating tumor volumes in the clinical setting, suggesting that these models could be used as a reliable and inexpensive alternative to time-consuming procedures such as 3DUS or magnetic resonance imaging. The accurate tumor volume values provided by these formulas may help to provide more reliable estimates of tumor regression or regrowth following globe-preserving treatment of choroidal melanomas, and may be a valuable prognostic indicator.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Josep M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Caminal
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Karol
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mejía
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Arias
authors.affiliation: Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Masuet-Aumatell
authors.affiliation: Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Larrucea-Maseda
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ignasi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Modolell
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: lorendan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lorenzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jaume
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Català
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Estefanía
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cobos
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Pere
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Garcia-Bru
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Filloy
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arruga
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002830:Choroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D047368:Tumor Burden; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*