title: A Waterborne Gastroenteritis Outbreak Caused by Norovirus GII.17 in a Hotel, Hebei, China, December 2014.
abstract: Norovirus (NoV) is responsible for an estimated 90 % of all epidemic nonbacterial outbreaks of gastroenteritis worldwide. Waterborne outbreaks of NoV are commonly reported. A novel GII.17 NoV strain emerged as a major cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks in China during the winter of 2014/2015. During this time, an outbreak of gastroenteritis occurred at a hotel in a ski park in Hebei Province, China. Epidemiological investigations indicated that one water well, which had only recently been in use, was the probable source. GII.17 NoV was detected by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction from samples taken from cases, from concentrated water samples from water well, and from the nearby sewage settling tank. Nucleotide sequences of NoV extracted from clinical and water specimens were genetically identical and had 99 % homology with Beijing/CHN/2015. All epidemiological data indicated that GII.17 NoV was responsible for this outbreak. This is the first reported laboratory-confirmed waterborne outbreak caused by GII.17 NoV genotype in China. Strengthening management of well drinking water and systematica monitoring of NoV is essential for preventing future outbreaks.
authors.affiliation: Fengtai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Beijing, 3 Xi An St., Feng-Tai District, Beijing, 100071, China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Fengtai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Beijing, 3 Xi An St., Feng-Tai District, Beijing, 100071, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Gen
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Fengtai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Beijing, 3 Xi An St., Feng-Tai District, Beijing, 100071, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Yan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.affiliation: Fengtai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Beijing, 3 Xi An St., Feng-Tai District, Beijing, 100071, China.
authors.forename: Xiu-Xia
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Fengtai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Beijing, 3 Xi An St., Feng-Tai District, Beijing, 100071, China.
authors.forename: Zhao-E
authors.initials: ZE
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Fengtai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Beijing, 3 Xi An St., Feng-Tai District, Beijing, 100071, China.
authors.forename: Hui-Ru
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Fengtai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Beijing, 3 Xi An St., Feng-Tai District, Beijing, 100071, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: China CDC, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, 100 Ying-Xin St., Xuan-Wu District, Beijing, 100052, China. lionalex@126.com.
authors.forename: Jin-Song
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Fengtai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Beijing, 3 Xi An St., Feng-Tai District, Beijing, 100071, China. lijie7111@sina.com.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D002681:China; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D029322:Norovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: Gastroenteritis; Norovirus GII.17; Outbreak; Waterborne