title: Gantzer muscle. An anatomical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The relationship of Gantzer muscle to the median and anterior interosseous nerve is debated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ìn an anatomical study with 80 limbs from 40 cadavers the incidence, origin, insertion, nerve supply and relations of Gantzer muscle have been documented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The muscle was found in 54 forearms (68% of limbs) and was supplied by the anterior interosseous nerve. It arose from the deep surface of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle, (42 limbs), coronoid process (eight limbs) and medial epicondyle (seven limbs). Its insertion was to the ulnar part of flexor pollicis longus muscle. The Gantzer muscle always lay posterior to both the median and anterior interosseous nerve.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Gantzer muscle may contribute to the median nerve and anterior interosseous nerve compression. The muscle was found in 68% of limbs and should be considered a normal anatomical pattern rather than an anatomical variation.
  .
authors.affiliation: PUC-SP, Faculdade de Medicina, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil, 1. Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da PUC-SP (Campus Sorocaba), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edie Benedito
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Caetano
authors.affiliation: PUC-SP, Faculdade de Medicina, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil, 1. Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da PUC-SP (Campus Sorocaba), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: João José
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sabongi
authors.affiliation: PUC-SP, Faculdade de Medicina, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil, 1. Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da PUC-SP (Campus Sorocaba), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Ângelo
authors.initials: LÂ
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.affiliation: PUC-SP, Faculdade de Medicina, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil, 1. Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da PUC-SP (Campus Sorocaba), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maurício Ferreira
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Caetano
authors.affiliation: PUC-SP, Faculdade de Medicina, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil, 1. Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculdade de Medicina da PUC-SP (Campus Sorocaba), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniel Vinhais
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Moraes
keywords: Cadaver; Forearm; Median nerve; Muscle, skeletal