title: Hand Function in Young Children with Cerebral Palsy: Current Practice and Parent-Reported Benefits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To (1) describe characteristics of current interventions to improve hand function in young children with Cerebral Palsy (CP), and explore factors associated with (2) increased likelihood of hand and ADL training and (3) child benefits of training.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional design was used with parent-reported data and data from the Norwegian CP Follow-up Program (CPOP). A total of 102 children (53% of the cohort of newly recruited children in the CPOP, mean age: 30.3 months, SD: 12.1) were included. Hand function was classified according to the Mini-Manual Ability Classification System (Mini-MACS). Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, cross-tables and direct multiple logistic regressions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of the children performed training of hand skills and ADL. Parents reported high amounts of training, and training was commonly integrated in everyday activities. Both parents (OR = 5.6, p < .011) and OTs (OR = 6.2, p < .002) reported more hand training for children at Mini-MACS levels II-III compared to level I. Parents reported larger child benefits when training was organized as a combination of training sessions and practice within everyday activities (OR = 7.090, p = .011).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parents reported that the children's everyday activities were utilized as opportunities for training, hence describing the intensity of therapy merely by counting minutes or number of sessions seems insufficient.
authors.affiliation: a Research Center for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Models and Services (CHARM) , Institute for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.
authors.forename: Gunvor Lilleholt
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Klevberg
authors.affiliation: b Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences , Oslo , Norway.
authors.forename: Sigrid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Østensjø
authors.affiliation: c Cerebral Palsy Follow-up Programme (CPOP), Department of Neurosciences for Children , Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway.
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elkjær
authors.affiliation: b Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences , Oslo , Norway.|d National Advisory Unit on Rehabilitation in Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital , Oslo , Norway.
authors.forename: Ingvild
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kjeken
authors.affiliation: b Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences , Oslo , Norway.|c Cerebral Palsy Follow-up Programme (CPOP), Department of Neurosciences for Children , Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway.|e Department of Research , Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital , Nesodden , Norway.
authors.forename: Reidun Birgitta
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Jahnsen
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006040:Goals; D006225:Hand / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills; D009788:Occupational Therapy; D010290:Parents; D011214:Practice, Psychological; D012574:Schools; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis
keywords: Cerebral palsy; children; current practice; hand function; occupational therapy; physical therapy