title: Proximity assays for sensitive quantification of proteins.
abstract: Proximity assays are immunohistochemical tools that utilise two or more DNA-tagged aptamers or antibodies binding in close proximity to the same protein or protein complex. Amplification by PCR or isothermal methods and hybridisation of a labelled probe to its DNA target generates a signal that enables sensitive and robust detection of proteins, protein modifications or protein-protein interactions. Assays can be carried out in homogeneous or solid phase formats and in situ assays can visualise single protein molecules or complexes with high spatial accuracy. These properties highlight the potential of proximity assays in research, diagnostic, pharmacological and many other applications that require sensitive, specific and accurate assessments of protein expression.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Medical Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex CM1 1SQ, UK.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Greenwood
authors.affiliation: Fluidigm Corporation, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ruff
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Medical Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex CM1 1SQ, UK.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kirvell
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Medical Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex CM1 1SQ, UK.
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Medical Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex CM1 1SQ, UK.
authors.forename: Harvinder S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Dhillon
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Medical Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, Essex CM1 1SQ, UK.
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bustin
keywords: Immuno-PCR; Immunoassays; In situ assays; Proximity extension assay; Proximity ligation assay