title: Novel biodegradable star-shaped polylactide scaffolds for bone regeneration fabricated by two-photon polymerization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the properties of 3D biodegradable scaffolds fabricated from novel star-shaped poly(D,L-lactide) (SSL) materials for bone tissue regeneration.
  
  
  METHODS
  The SSL polymer was synthesized using an optimized synthetic procedure and applied for scaffold fabrication by the two-photon polymerization technique. The osteogenic differentiation was controlled using human adipose-derived stem cells cultured for 28 days. The SSL scaffolds with or without murine MSCs were implanted into the cranial bone of C57/Bl6 mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SSL scaffolds supported differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells toward the osteogenic lineage in vitro. The SSL scaffolds with murine MSCs enhanced the mineralized tissue formation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SSL scaffolds provide a beneficial microenvironment for the osteogenic MSCs' differentiation in vitro and support de novo bone formation in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Photonic Technologies, Research Centrer of Crystallography and Photonics RAS, 108840, Troitsk, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Timashev
authors.affiliation: Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
authors.forename: Daria
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kuznetsova
authors.affiliation: Laser Zentrum Hannover e. V., Hollerithallee 8, 30419 Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Anastasia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koroleva
authors.affiliation: Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Prodanets
authors.affiliation: Laser Zentrum Hannover e. V., Hollerithallee 8, 30419 Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deiwick
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus.
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Piskun
authors.affiliation: Institute of Photonic Technologies, Research Centrer of Crystallography and Photonics RAS, 108840, Troitsk, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Ksenia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bardakova
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, College of Science, National University of Ireland, Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dzhoyashvili
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus.
authors.forename: Sergei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kostjuk
authors.affiliation: Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zagaynova
authors.affiliation: I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute for Uronephrology and Reproductive Health, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rochev
authors.affiliation: Institute of Photonic Technologies, Research Centrer of Crystallography and Photonics RAS, 108840, Troitsk, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chichkov
authors.affiliation: Institute of Photonic Technologies, Research Centrer of Crystallography and Photonics RAS, 108840, Troitsk, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Viktor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bagratashvili
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D063566:Biodegradable Plastics / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011091:Polyesters / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D063566:Biodegradable Plastics; D011091:Polyesters; C033616:poly(lactide)
keywords: MSCs; osteogenic differentiation; star-shaped polylactide; tissue engineering scaffolds; two-photon polymerization (2PP)