title: Polymorphisms of the coagulation system and risk of cancer.
abstract: Hypercoagulability is a frequently finding in patients with cancer, and is associated with an increased risk of venous thrombosis (VT). Cancer-associated VT is associated with poor prognosis and represents the leading non-cancer cause of death among these patients. Conversely, patients experiencing VT are at increased risk of subsequent cancer, suggesting an epidemiological bidirectional link between cancer and hemostasis, and indicating a role of the hemostatic system in cancer development. How the coagulation system relates to cancer etiology at the genetic level is largely unexplored. Data on the association of polymorphisms in genes involved in coagulation with cancer development is important to clarify the role of the coagulation system in cancer pathogenesis. Effects of coagulation-related gene polymorphisms on cancer risk may possibly be translated into novel treatment- and prevention strategies of cancer-associated thrombosis and the cancer itself. This article reviews the current knowledge of the relation between polymorphisms in genes involved in coagulation and cancer risk in solid tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Mari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tinholt
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: p.m.sandset@medisin.uio.no.
authors.forename: Per Morten
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Sandset
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iversen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D005165:Factor V / Q000235:genetics; D006487:Hemostasis; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D013925:Thromboplastin / Q000235:genetics; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D008074:Lipoproteins; C095381:factor V Leiden; C051928:lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor; D005165:Factor V; D013925:Thromboplastin
keywords: Cancer risk; Factor V; Single nucleotide polymorphisms; Tissue factor; Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI)