title: Dietary Fructose Activates Insulin Signaling and Inflammation in Adipose Tissue: Modulatory Role of Resveratrol.
abstract: The effects of high-fructose diet on adipose tissue insulin signaling and inflammatory process have been poorly documented. In this study, we examined the influences of long-term fructose intake and resveratrol supplementation on the expression of genes involved in insulin signaling and the levels of inflammatory cytokines and sex hormones in the white adipose tissues of male and female rats. Consumption of high-fructose diet for 24 weeks increased the expression of genes involved in insulin signaling including IR, IRS-1, IRS-2, Akt, PI3K, eNOS, mTOR, and PPARγ, despite induction of proinflammatory markers, iNOS, TNFα, IL-1β, IL-18, MDA, and ALT, as well as anti-inflammatory factors, IL-10 and Nrf2 in adipose tissues from males and females. Total and free testosterone concentrations of adipose tissues were impaired in males but increased in females, although there were no changes in their blood levels. Resveratrol supplementation markedly restored the levels of MDA, IL6, IL-10, and IL-18, as well as iNOS, Nrf2, and PI3K mRNA, in adipose tissues of both genders. Dietary fructose activates both insulin signaling and inflammatory pathway in the adipose tissues of male and female rats proposing no correlation between the tissue insulin signaling and inflammation. Resveratrol has partly modulatory effects on fructose-induced changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03100 Afyonkarahisar, Turkey; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Bilgehan
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Pektas
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03100 Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
authors.forename: Halit Bugra
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Koca
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, K.Ö. Science Faculty, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, 70100 Karaman, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gokhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Akar
mesh_terms: D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077185:Resveratrol; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016207:Cytokines; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D007328:Insulin; D013267:Stilbenes; D005632:Fructose; D000077185:Resveratrol