title: Development of fast dissolving oral films containing lercanidipine HCl nanoparticles in semicrystalline polymeric matrix for enhanced dissolution and ex vivo permeation.
abstract: Lercanidipine is a vasoselective dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, mainly used for the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris. However, it suffers from food dependent absorption, poor solubility, low permeability and considerable first pass metabolism, resulting in highly variable and low bioavailability of 10%. Nanoparticles of lercanidipine were incorporated in fast dissolving oral films (FDO) via preparation of nanosuspension by evaporative antisolvent precipitation method. Prepared nanosuspensions were incorporated in FDO without lyophilizing or spray drying. Two nanosuspensions containing PEG 400 and TPGS 1000 as stabilizers, were selected further for incorporation in FDO. Physicochemical and mechanical properties of the optimized films were observed to be within acceptance criteria. SEM images as well as FTIR chemical images of oral films show uniform distribution of nanoparticles in polymeric matrix. The DSC and XRD results proved the poorly crystalline nature of lercanidipine. However thermal processing of film induces crystallinity in hypromellose which results in embedding of amorphous drug nanoparticles in semicrystalline polymeric matrix. Superior dissolution and permeability properties of nanoparticles were confirmed by in vitro dissolution studies and about 4.5-folds higher ex vivo drug permeation was observed from formulation through porcine buccal mucosa. This may give the clue for enhancement of bioavailability in vivo via improving orotransmucosal absorption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576 104, India.
authors.forename: Ankita D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Chonkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576 104, India.
authors.forename: J Venkat
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576 104, India.
authors.forename: Renuka S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Managuli
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576 104, India.
authors.forename: Srinivas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mutalik
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576 104, India.
authors.forename: Swapnil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dengale
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576 104, India.
authors.forename: Prateek
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Management, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576 104, India. Electronic address: n.udupa@manipal.edu.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Udupa
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D004095:Dihydropyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D053758:Nanoparticles; D010539:Permeability; D012995:Solubility; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013552:Swine; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004095:Dihydropyridines; C060343:lercanidipine
keywords: Crystallinity; Fast dissolving oral films; Lercanidipine; Nanosuspension; Orotransmucosal