title: Roles of Dopamine D₂ Receptor Subregions in Interactions with β-Arrestin2.
abstract: β-Arrestins are one of the protein families that interact with G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The roles of β-arrestins are multifaceted, as they mediate different processes including receptor desensitization, endocytosis, and G protein-independent signaling. Thus, determining the GPCR regions involved in the interactions with β-arrestins would be a preliminary step in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the selective direction of each function. In the current study, we determined the roles of the N-terminus, intracellular loops, and C-terminal tail of a representative GPCR in the interaction with β-arrestin2. For this, we employed dopamine D₂ and D₃ receptors (D₂R and D₃R, respectively), since they display distinct agonist-induced interactions with β-arrestins. Our results showed that the second and third intracellular loops of D₂R are involved in the agonist-induced translocation of β-arrestins toward plasma membranes. In contrast, the N- and C-termini of D₂R exerted negative effects on the basal interaction with β-arrestins.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Xiaohan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bo-Gil
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyeong-Man
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Dopamine D₂ receptor; Dopamine D₃ receptor; G protein-coupled receptors; β-Arrestin