title: High levels of endemism in suckermouth catfishes (Mochokidae: Chiloglanis) from the Upper Guinean forests of West Africa.
abstract: Freshwater systems are under threat globally, yet the biodiversity in many areas is still unknown. This is especially true for the aquatic biodiversity of the Upper Guinean forests of Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Côte d'Ivoire. Access to this area is largely restricted, though recent surveys by the authors are allowing us to reassess the area's diversity. This area has vast mineral reserves and hydroelectric potential. As the area emerges from civil strife and the recent public health crisis, policy makers and resource managers require accurate accounts of biodiversity to evaluate future development projects. Here we look at the diversity of the suckermouth catfishes (Chiloglanis) populations from the area; inferred from mitochondrial (cyt b) and nuclear (Growth Hormone intron) markers. The phylogenies revealed additional lineages, independent of the currently recognized taxa, suggesting the presence of ten new candidate species. These new taxa are largely endemic and allopatrically distributed in rivers of the Upper Guinean forests. Our results suggest that the aquatic diversity within the Upper Guinean forests is currently underestimated. This study provides the foundation for elucidating the historical biogeography of the region and highlights the endemism within rivers in the Upper Guinean forests and surrounding areas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, 400 Boggs Hall, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States; Smithsonian Mpala Postdoctoral Fellow, Mpala Research Centre, PO Box 555, 10400 Nanyuki, Kenya. Electronic address: rschmidt@tulane.edu.
authors.forename: Ray C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, 400 Boggs Hall, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States.
authors.forename: Henry L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Bart
authors.affiliation: College of Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412-5806, United States.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pezold
mesh_terms: D000354:Africa, Western; D000818:Animals; D044822:Biodiversity; D002397:Catfishes / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D045303:Cytochromes b / Q000235:genetics; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000235:genetics; D007438:Introns; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D013006:Growth Hormone; D004247:DNA; D045303:Cytochromes b
keywords: Biodiversity; Cryptic species; Fouta Djallon; West Africa