title: Physical Training Status Determines Oxidative Stress and Redox Changes in Response to an Acute Aerobic Exercise.
abstract: Objective. To assess the influence of different physical training status on exercise-induced oxidative stress and changes in cellular redox state. Methods. Thirty male subjects participated in this study and were assigned as well-trained (WT), moderately trained (MT), and untrained (UT) groups. The levels of cortisol, creatine kinase, plasma reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG), cysteine/cystine (Cys/CySS), and GSH/GSSG ratio in red blood cells (RBCs) were measured immediately and 10 and 30 min after exercise. Results. Following the exercise, plasma GSH/GSSG (p = 0.001) and Cys/CySS (p = 0.005) were significantly reduced in all groups. Reduction in plasma GSH/GSSG ratio in all groups induced a transient shift in redox balance towards a more oxidizing environment without difference between groups (p = 0.860), while RBCs GSH/GSSG showed significant reduction (p = 0.003) and elevation (p = 0.007) in UT and MT groups, respectively. The highest level of RBCs GSH/GSSG ratio was recorded in MT group, and the lowest one was recorded in the WT group. Conclusion. Long term regular exercise training with moderate intensity shifts redox balance towards more reducing environment, versus intensive exercise training leads to more oxidizing environment and consequently development of related diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran; Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran.
authors.forename: Farnaz
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4065-379X
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Seifi-Skishahr
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
authors.forename: Arsalan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Damirchi
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Plants Research Center, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran.
authors.forename: Manoochehr
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farjaminezhad
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
authors.forename: Parvin
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4870-8182
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Babaei