title: Different extent in decline of infant mortality by region and cause in Shenyang, China.
abstract: To compare the pattern of cause of death of infant mortality rates by urban/rural areas as well as to generate knowledge for potential strategies to decrease this mortality, we carried out a study by analyzing the infant mortality data from the Shenyang Women and Children Health Care Centre. From 1997 to 2014, 970,583 live births and 6510 infant deaths were registered. Infant mortality rates, percent change, and annual percent change (APC) were calculated. The infant mortality significantly decreased by 5.92%, 7.41%, and 3.92% per year in overall, urban, and rural areas, respectively. Among the categories of causes of infant death, congenital anomalies (APC = -7.87%), asphyxia-related conditions (APC = -9.43), immaturity-related conditions (APC = -3.44%), diseases of the nervous system and sense organs (APC = -6.01%), and diseases of the respiratory system (APC = -6.29%) decreased significantly in the observational periods. Additionally, among selective causes of infant death, pneumonia, congenital heart disease, neural tube defects, preterm birth and low birth weight, birth asphyxia, and intracranial hemorrhage of the newborn significantly decreased by 5.45%, 5.45%, 16.47%, 2.18%, 10.95%, and 10.33% per year, respectively. In conclusion, infant mortality has been continuously decreased in Shenyang from 1997 to 2014, although further efforts are still needed to decrease the infant mortality in rural areas.
authors.affiliation: Department of science and education, Shenyang Women and Children Health Care Centre, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Qi-Jun
authors.initials: QJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of children's health prevention, Shenyang Women and Children Health Care Centre, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Li-Li
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Da
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of information statistics, Shenyang Women and Children Health Care Centre, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Lang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Ting-Ting
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Gong
mesh_terms: D002423:Cause of Death; D002681:China; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D066088:Infant Death / Q000209:etiology*; D007226:Infant Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D012424:Rural Population; D019371:Topography, Medical; D014505:Urban Population