title: Perceived loneliness among older adults with mild cognitive impairment.
abstract: The high prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Hong Kong, as previously reported, requires verification. Furthermore, the relationship between loneliness, depression, and cognitive impairment with regards to MCI are unclear. The present study aims to establish the prevalence of MCI in a community sample in Hong Kong and determine if participants with MCI feel significantly lonelier, even after depression has been taken into consideration.
  
  
  
  Participants from a community sample (N = 376) were assessed with subjective and objective measures of cognitive impairments to determine whether the criteria had been met for MCI. The MCI cases are then compared with age, sex, and education-matched controls on subjective measures of loneliness and depression.
  
  
  
  A total of 66 (17.6%) participants were diagnosed with MCI. These participants reported significantly higher levels of perceived loneliness and depression compared to the matched controls. Differences between groups in loneliness remained significant, even after depression levels have been controlled.
  
  
  
  Loneliness is implicated in MCI. The relationship between loneliness and MCI is, at least, partially independent of depression. The implications of these finding are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuropsychology,The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Junhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuropsychology,The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Charlene L M
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuropsychology,The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Tatia M C
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment / Q000379:methods; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D057187:Independent Living / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008132:Loneliness / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D000073216:Mental Status and Dementia Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012647:Self-Assessment
keywords: aging; depression; loneliness; mild cognitive impairment; prevalence