title: Histological and radiographic study of human edentulous and dentulous maxilla.
abstract: Data on the bone trabecular structure and density of the edentulous regions of the first upper molars are important for designing successful dental treatments, especially dental implants. However, no detailed defined morphometric properties on the human maxilla are available at the immunohistochemical and radiographic levels. Cone-beam computed tomography analysis and immunohistochemical observation were applied to the maxillary first molar region of 91 cadavers (46 males and 45 females). The edentulous maxilla can be classified into the following three forms: fully edentulous (FE), partially edentulous (PE), and immediately edentulous (IE). Compared with the first molar dentulous (FMD) specimens, significant differences in cortical bone structure and bone density exist among IE, PE, and FE in maxilla (P < 0.001). According to histochemical observations, the positive CD31 reaction clearly described a large vessel of the PE and small vessels of FMD and IE in maxillary sinus connective tissue. These structural issues were clearly related to tooth extraction. These morphological and radiographic data describing the edentulous region of the maxillary first molar might be useful for improving dental treatments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukino
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamigaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Iwao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan. yosue-t@tky.ndu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yosue
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015519:Bone Density; D002102:Cadaver; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000098:blood supply; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007575:Jaw, Edentulous / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000098:blood supply; D008875:Middle Aged; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D014081:Tooth Extraction
chemical_list: D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
keywords: Bone density; Bone structure; CBCT; CD31; Human alveolar bone