title: The intake of high-fat diets induces an obesogenic-like gene expression profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, which is reverted by dieting.
abstract: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) are increasingly used for nutrigenomic studies. In this study, we aimed to identify whether these cells could reflect the development of an obesogenic profile associated with the intake of high-fat (HF) diets. We analysed, by real-time RT-PCR, the dietary response of key genes related to lipid metabolism, obesity and inflammation in PBMC of control rats, rats fed a cafeteria or a commercial HF diet and rats fed a control diet after the intake of a cafeteria diet (post-cafeteria model). Cafeteria diet intake, which resulted in important overweight and related complications, altered the expressions of most of the studied genes in PBMC, evidencing the development of an obesogenic profile. Commercial HF diet, which produced metabolic alterations but in the absence of noticeably increased body weight, also altered PBMC gene expression, inducing a similar regulatory pattern as that observed for the cafeteria diet. Regulation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (Cpt1a) mRNA expression was of special interest; its expression reflected metabolic alterations related to the intake of both obesogenic diets (independently of increased body weight) even at an early stage as well as metabolic recovery in post-cafeteria animals. Thus, PBMC constitute an important source of biomarkers that reflect the increased adiposity and metabolic deregulation associated with the intake of HF diets. In particular, we propose an analysis of Cpt1a expression as a good biomarker to detect the early metabolic alterations caused by the consumption of hyperlipidic diets, and also as a marker of metabolic recovery associated to weight loss.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology,Universitat de les Illes Balears and CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn),E-07122 Palma de Mallorca,Spain.
authors.forename: Bàrbara
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3988-7780
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Reynés
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology,Universitat de les Illes Balears and CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn),E-07122 Palma de Mallorca,Spain.
authors.forename: Estefanía
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology,Universitat de les Illes Balears and CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn),E-07122 Palma de Mallorca,Spain.
authors.forename: Andreu
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0295-4452
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palou
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology,Universitat de les Illes Balears and CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn),E-07122 Palma de Mallorca,Spain.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7821-8806
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Oliver
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D050154:Adiposity; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004041:Dietary Fats; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
keywords: Biomarkers; Blood cells; Cpt1a
                  carnitine palmitoyltransferase I; HF high-fat; High-fat diets; Obesity; PBMC peripheral blood mononuclear cells; PCAF post-cafeteria