title: Vitamin D and/or calcium deficient diets may differentially affect muscle fiber neuromuscular junction innervation.
abstract: There is evidence that supports a role for Vitamin D (Vit. D) in muscle. The exact mechanism by which Vit. D deficiency impairs muscle strength and function is not clear.
  
  
  
  Three-week-old mice were fed diets with varied combinations of Vit. D and Ca2+deficiency. Behavioral testing, genomic and protein analysis, and muscle histology were performed with a focus on neuromuscular junction (NMJ) -related genes.
  
  
  
  Vit. D and Ca2+deficient mice performed more poorly on given behavioral tasks than animals with Vit. D deficiency alone. Genomic and protein analysis of the soleus and tibialis anterior muscles revealed changes in several Vit. D metabolic, NMJ-related, and protein chaperoning and refolding genes.
  
  
  
  These data suggest that detrimental effects of a Vit. D deficient or a Vit. D and Ca2+deficient diet may be a result of differential alterations in the structure and function of the NMJ and a lack of a sustained stress response in muscles. Muscle Nerve 54: 1120-1132, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company Research Laboratories, Laboratory for Experimental Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Gifondorwa
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company Research Laboratories, Cardiovascular Research, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Tyran D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.
authors.forename: June
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wiley
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company Research Laboratories, Musculoskeletal Research, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Alexander E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Culver
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company Research Laboratories, Musculoskeletal Research, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Pamela K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Shetler
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company Research Laboratories, Statistics - Discovery/Development, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Guilherme V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company Research Laboratories, Musculoskeletal Research, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Yanfei L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company Research Laboratories, Musculoskeletal Research, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Venkatesh
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Krishnan
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company Research Laboratories, Musculoskeletal Research, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Henry U
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Bryant
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001206:Ascorbic Acid Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000473:pathology*; D008124:Locomotion; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D053580:Muscle Strength; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood; D004856:Postural Balance; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D014807:Vitamin D; D010758:Phosphorus; D002118:Calcium
keywords: calcium; muscle; neuromuscular junction; stress response; vitamin D