title: Abattoir-based estimates of mycobacterial infections in Cameroon.
abstract: Mycobacteria cause major diseases including human tuberculosis, bovine tuberculosis and Johne's disease. In livestock, the dominant species is M. bovis causing bovine tuberculosis (bTB), a disease of global zoonotic importance. In this study, we estimated the prevalence of Mycobacteria in slaughter cattle in Cameroon. A total of 2,346 cattle were examined in a cross-sectional study at four abattoirs in Cameroon. Up to three lesions per animal were collected for further study and a retropharyngeal lymph node was collected from a random sample of non-lesioned animals. Samples were cultured on Lowenstein Jensen media and the BACTEC MGIT 960 system, and identified using the Hain® Genotype kits. A total of 207/2,346 cattle were identified with bTB-like lesions, representing 4.0% (45/1,129), 11.3% (106/935), 23.8% (38/160) and 14.8% (18/122) of the cattle in the Bamenda, Ngaoundere, Garoua and Maroua abattoirs respectively. The minimum estimated prevalence of M. bovis was 2.8% (1.9-3.9), 7.7% (6.1-9.6), 21.3% (15.2-28.4) and 13.1% (7.7-20.4) in the four abattoirs respectively. One M. tuberculosis and three M. bovis strains were recovered from non-lesioned animals. The high prevalence of M. bovis is of public health concern and limits the potential control options in this setting without a viable vaccine as an alternative.
authors.affiliation: Microbiology and Parasitology Unit, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.|Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Bamenda, P.O. Box 586 Bamenda, Cameroon.
authors.forename: N F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Egbe
authors.affiliation: The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muwonge
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.|Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ndip
authors.affiliation: Farm Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.affiliation: Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Bamenda, P.O. Box 586 Bamenda, Cameroon.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sander
authors.affiliation: Cameroon Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1457 Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tanya
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, B.P. 454, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Cameroon.
authors.forename: V Ngu
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Ngwa
authors.affiliation: The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK.
authors.forename: I G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Handel
authors.affiliation: The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Novak
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Recherches Vétérinaires et Zootechniques de Farcha, N'Djaména, Chad.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ngandalo
authors.affiliation: The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mazeri
authors.affiliation: Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, Wirral, CH64 7TE, UK.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.affiliation: Microbiology and Parasitology Unit, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asuquo
authors.affiliation: The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK.
authors.forename: B M de C
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Bronsvoort
mesh_terms: D000003:Abattoirs; D000818:Animals; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D002163:Cameroon / Q000453:epidemiology; D002417:Cattle; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015995:Prevalence; D014380:Tuberculosis, Bovine / Q000453:epidemiology*