title: Contrasting variability patterns in the default mode and sensorimotor networks balance in bipolar depression and mania.
abstract: Depressive and manic phases in bipolar disorder show opposite constellations of affective, cognitive, and psychomotor symptoms. At a neural level, these may be related to topographical disbalance between large-scale networks, such as the default mode network (DMN) and sensorimotor network (SMN). We investigated topographical patterns of variability in the resting-state signal-measured by fractional SD (fSD) of the BOLD signal-of the DMN and SMN (and other networks) in two frequency bands (Slow5 and Slow4) with their ratio and clinical correlations in depressed (n = 20), manic (n = 20), euthymic (n = 20) patients, and healthy controls (n = 40). After controlling for global signal changes, the topographical balance between the DMN and SMN, specifically in the lowest frequency band, as calculated by the Slow5 fSD DMN/SMN ratio, was significantly increased in depression, whereas the same ratio was significantly decreased in mania. Additionally, Slow5 variability was increased in the DMN and decreased in the SMN in depressed patients, whereas the opposite topographical pattern was observed in mania. Finally, the Slow5 fSD DMN/SMN ratio correlated positively with clinical scores of depressive symptoms and negatively with those of mania. Results were replicated in a smaller independent bipolar disorder sample. We demonstrated topographical abnormalities in frequency-specific resting-state variability in the balance between DMN and SMN with opposing patterns in depression and mania. The Slow5 DMN/SMN ratio was tilted toward the DMN in depression but was shifted toward the SMN in mania. The Slow5 fSD DMN/SMN pattern could constitute a state-biomarker in diagnosis and therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa 16100, Italy;
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martino
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa 16100, Italy; paola.magioncalda@gmail.com georg.northoff@theroyal.ca.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Magioncalda
authors.affiliation: Mind, Brain Imaging, and Neuroethics, Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1Z 7K4;
authors.forename: Zirui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa 16100, Italy;
authors.forename: Benedetta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Conio
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology, University of Genoa, Genoa 16100, Italy;
authors.forename: Niccolò
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Piaggio
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Humanities in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan; Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Brain and Consciousness Research Center, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; Centre for Cognition and Brain Disorders, Normal University Hangzhou, Hangzhou 31121, China;
authors.forename: Niall W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa 16100, Italy;
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rocchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa 16100, Italy;
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Escelsior
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa 16100, Italy;
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Marozzi
authors.affiliation: Mind, Brain Imaging, and Neuroethics, Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1Z 7K4;
authors.forename: Annemarie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Radiology, and Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029; Magnetic Resonance Research Center on Nervous System Diseases, University of Genoa, Genoa 16100, Italy;
authors.forename: Matilde
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inglese
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, Genoa 16100, Italy;
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amore
authors.affiliation: Mind, Brain Imaging, and Neuroethics, Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1Z 7K4; Graduate Institute of Humanities in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan; Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Brain and Consciousness Research Center, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; Centre for Cognition and Brain Disorders, Normal University Hangzhou, Hangzhou 31121, China; Research Center for Mind, Brain, and Learning, National Chengchi University, Taipei City 11605, Taiwan; Department of Philosophy and Cognition, Zhejang University, Hangzhou 310015, China; University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1Z 7K4 paola.magioncalda@gmail.com georg.northoff@theroyal.ca.
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Northoff
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011595:Psychomotor Agitation / Q000503:physiopathology; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D012677:Sensation / Q000502:physiology; D013850:Thinking / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
keywords: bipolar disorder; default mode network; neuronal variability; sensorimotor network