title: The World Health Organization Measles Programmatic Risk Assessment Tool-Pilot Testing in India, 2014.
abstract: Measles is a leading cause of child mortality, and reduction of child mortality is a key Millennium Development Goal. In 2014, the World Health Organization and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention developed a measles programmatic risk assessment tool to support country measles elimination efforts. The tool was pilot tested in the State of Uttarakhand in August 2014 to assess its utility in India. The tool assessed measles risk for the 13 districts of Uttarakhand as a function of indicator scores in four categories: population immunity, surveillance quality, program delivery performance, and threat. The highest potential overall score was 100. Scores from each category were totaled to assign an overall risk score for each district. From this risk score, districts were categorized as low, medium, high, or very high risk. Of the 13 districts in Uttarakhand in 2014, the tool classified one district (Haridwar) as very high risk and three districts (Almora, Champawat, and Pauri Garhwal) as high risk. The measles risk in these four districts was largely due to low population immunity from high MCV1-MCV2 drop-out rates, low MCV1 and MCV2 coverage, and the lack of a supplementary immunization activity (SIA) within the past three years. This tool can be used to support measles elimination in India by identifying districts that might be at risk for measles outbreaks, and to guide risk mitigation efforts, including strengthening routine immunization services and implementing SIAs.
authors.affiliation: India Epidemic Intelligence Service, India Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Kapil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Goel
authors.affiliation: State Immunization Office, Uttarakhand, India.
authors.forename: Saroj
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naithani
authors.affiliation: State Cold Chain Office, Uttarakhand, India.
authors.forename: Dheeraj
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bhatt
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Immunization & Child Health, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khera
authors.affiliation: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Global Health, Global Immunization Division, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Umid M
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Sharapov
authors.affiliation: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Global Health, Global Immunization Division, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kriss
authors.affiliation: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Global Health, Global Immunization Division, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Goodson
authors.affiliation: India Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Global Health Protection, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Kayla F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Laserson
authors.affiliation: India Epidemic Intelligence Service, India Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Parul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Goel
authors.affiliation: India Epidemic Intelligence Service, India Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: R Mohan
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: National Center for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Chauhan
mesh_terms: D002487:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D060740:Disease Eradication; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000517:prevention & control; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs; D015994:Incidence; D007194:India; D007223:Infant; D008457:Measles / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008458:Measles Vaccine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011159:Population Surveillance; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014481:United States; D014611:Vaccination; D014944:World Health Organization
chemical_list: D008458:Measles Vaccine
keywords: Elimination; India; measles; outbreak; risk assessment