title: Postoperative pain control after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.
abstract: Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) can provide excellent clinical results for patients who fail to respond to conservative management of symptomatic rotator cuff tears. ARCR, however, can be associated with severe postoperative pain and discomfort that requires adequate analgesia. As ARCR continues to shift toward being performed as an outpatient procedure, it is incumbent on physicians and ambulatory surgical centers to provide appropriate pain relief with minimal side effects to ensure rapid recovery and safe discharge. Although intravenous and oral opioids are the cornerstone of pain management after orthopedic procedures, they are associated with drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and increased length of hospital stay. As health care reimbursements continue to become more intimately focused on quality, patient satisfaction, and minimizing of complications, the need for adequate pain control with minimal complications will continue to be a principal focus for providers and institutions alike. We present a review of alternative modalities for pain relief after ARCR, including cryotherapy, intralesional anesthesia, nerve blockade, indwelling continuous nerve block catheters, and multimodal anesthesia. In choosing among these modalities, physicians should consider patient- and system-based factors to allow the efficient delivery of analgesia that optimizes recovery and improves patient satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Uquillas
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Brian M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Capogna
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: William H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Rossy
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: Siddharth.mahure@nyumc.org.
authors.forename: Siddharth A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mahure
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Rokito
mesh_terms: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling; D017679:Cryotherapy; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D000070636:Rotator Cuff Injuries / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid
keywords: Rotator cuff repair; arthroscopic; brachial plexus; nerve block; opioids, analgesia; postoperative pain; shoulder