title: A family of AA9 lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases in Aspergillus nidulans is differentially regulated by multiple substrates and at least one is active on cellulose and xyloglucan.
abstract: Fungal genomes contain multiple genes encoding AA9 lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), a recently discovered class of enzymes known to be active on cellulose and expressed when grown on biomass. Because of extensive genetic and biochemical data already available, Aspergillus nidulans offers an excellent model system to study the need for multiple AA9 LPMOs and their activity during oxidative degradation of biomass. We provide the first report on regulation of the entire family of AA9 LPMOs in A. nidulans over a range of polysaccharides including xylan, xyloglucan, pectin, glucan, and cellulose. We have successfully cloned and expressed AN3046, an AA9 LPMO in A. nidulans that is active on cellulose. Additionally, we performed mass spectral analyses that show the enzyme is active on the hemicellulose xyloglucan. The AN3046 LPMO showed synergy with other hydrolases in degrading sorghum stover. Our data showing activity of the overexpressed LPMO on cellulose and xyloglucan provides further evidence for the breadth of substrates acted on by AA9 LPMOs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
authors.forename: Guru
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jagadeeswaran
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
authors.forename: Lawrie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gainey
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Prade
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA. andrew.mort@okstate.edu.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Mort
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001233:Aspergillus nidulans / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000382:microbiology; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D002686:Chitin / Q000737:chemistry; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D005936:Glucans / Q000737:chemistry*; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D059828:Plant Cells / Q000382:microbiology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012331:RNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014990:Xylans / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005936:Glucans; D011134:Polysaccharides; D012331:RNA, Fungal; D014990:Xylans; D002686:Chitin; C029353:xyloglucan; C007916:hemicellulose; D002482:Cellulose; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases
keywords: A. nidulans; AA9 LPMO; Biomass degradation; Cellulose; Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases; Oxidative cleavage; Pectin; Transcriptional regulation; Xyloglucan