title: APPETITE PREDICTS INTAKE AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN PATIENTS RECEIVING PERITONEAL DIALYSIS.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sub-optimal nutrition status is common amongst patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD) and leads to poor clinical outcome. This population experiences multi-factorial challenges to achieving optimal nutritional status, particularly driven by inadequate intake.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this investigation was to identify factors associated with inadequate protein intake and sub-optimal nutritional status in patients undergoing PD.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional study of 67 adult patients receiving PD (mean age 59 ± 14 years; 57% male) within a single centre. Participants were consecutively recruited and interviewed by renal dietitians, collecting: Subjective Global Assessment (SGA); quality of life (using EQ-5D); dietary intake (via dietary interview); and appetite (using Appetite and Diet Assessment Tool). Participant demographics were obtained via survey or medical charts. Main outcome measures were inadequate dietary protein intake (<1.1 g/kg adjusted body weight/day) and malnutrition (as defined by SGA rating B or C).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 15 (22%) patients were malnourished and 29 (43%) had inadequate protein intake. Poor appetite (anorexia) was reported in 62% (18/29) of participants with inadequate protein malnourished patients reported anorexia versus 12 (23%) of the well-nourished patients (p = 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anorexia was a key risk factor for inadequate protein intake and malnutrition in patients undergoing PD. These findings highlight a need to closely monitor patients with appetite disturbances.
authors.affiliation: Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Balaam
authors.affiliation: Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Orazio
authors.affiliation: Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Annerley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bates
authors.affiliation: University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Sunil V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Badve
authors.affiliation: Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.|University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.|Translational Research Institute, Centre for Kidney Disease Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.|Metro South and Ipswich Nephrology and Transplant Services, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.|Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Katrina L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Campbell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001066:Appetite / Q000502:physiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis / Q000451:nursing* / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Anorexia; Appetite; Malnutrition; Peritoneal dialysis; Protein