title: Hyponatremia in cancer patients: Time for a new approach.
abstract: Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte disorder in cancer patients. It may be related to cancer, to anti-cancer therapy or to other concomitant treatments. In this setting hyponatremia is often caused by the syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone secretion, which is due to the ectopic production of antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin), to extracellular fluid depletion, to renal toxicity caused by chemotherapy or to other underlying conditions. Recent studies suggested that hyponatremia might be considered a negative prognostic factor for cancer patients therefore its early detection, monitoring and management might improve the patient's outcome. Treatment of hyponatremia depends on patient's symptoms severity, onset timing and extracellular volume status. In this review we summarize the main causes of hyponatremia in cancer patients and its management, including the available treatment options.
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I, GM Lancisi, G Salesi, Ancona, Italy. Electronic address: r.berardi@univpm.it.
authors.forename: Rossana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Berardi
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I, GM Lancisi, G Salesi, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rinaldi
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I, GM Lancisi, G Salesi, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caramanti
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Respiratory Diseases, Ev. Lungenklinik Berlin, Lindenberger Weg 27, 13125 Berlin, Germany, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grohè
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I, GM Lancisi, G Salesi, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santoni
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I, GM Lancisi, G Salesi, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Morgese
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I, GM Lancisi, G Salesi, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Mariangela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torniai
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I, GM Lancisi, G Salesi, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Agnese
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Savini
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I, GM Lancisi, G Salesi, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fiordoliva
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I, GM Lancisi, G Salesi, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cascinu
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D007010:Hyponatremia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*
keywords: Antidiuretic hormone; Cancer; Hyponatremia; SIADH; Sodium; Vasopressin