title: Benzopyrene promotes lung cancer A549 cell migration and invasion through up-regulating cytokine IL8 and chemokines CCL2 and CCL3 expression.
abstract: Tobacco-sourced carcinogen including benzopyrene (B[a]P) in lung cancer metastasis has not been fully reported. In this study, lung carcinoma A549 cell line was used to investigate the potential roles of tobacco-sourced B[a]P on cell metastasis and invasion and to assess its underlying mechanism. Effects of tobacco-sourced carcinogen on A549 cell proliferation, metastasis, and invasion were analyzed using MTT assay, Transwell assay, and scratch method, respectively. The effects of tobacco-sourced carcinogen on cytokines and chemokines secretion were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Moreover, correlation between inflammatory factor expression and cancer cell migration and invasion was assessed using siRNA-mediated gene silencing. Data showed that both B[a]P and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone either at high or low dose performed no significant difference on A549 cell proliferation with time increasing. 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone performed no significant difference on A549 cell migration and invasion while B[a]P significantly increased A549 cell migration and invasion compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Consequently, except for IL-6, IL-8, CCL-2, and CCL-3, secretions were significantly increased by B[a]P treatment compared to the control (P < 0.05). Furthermore, when CCL-2 and CCL-3 were silenced, the migrated and invasive A549 cells were significantly decreased compared to the control, respectively (P < 0.05), while silenced IL-8 drastically decreased the migrated and invasive cells compared to the control (P < 0.01). Taken together, this study illustrated that there may be significant correlation between smoking and lung cancer metastasis. B[a]P maybe an excellent contributor for lung cancer metastasis through up-regulating IL-8, CCL-2, and CCL-3 expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650118, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650118, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650118, China.
authors.forename: Hanyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650118, China.
authors.forename: Yaoxiong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650118, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650118, China.
authors.forename: Wenjie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650118, China wenhuili64@aliyun.com chenhong1251@126.com.
authors.forename: Wenhui
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region, Kunming 650032, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000072283:A549 Cells; D001580:Benzopyrenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054405:Chemokine CCL3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D034622:RNA Interference; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014026:Nicotiana
chemical_list: D001580:Benzopyrenes; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; C515429:CCL3 protein, human; C508606:CXCL8 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D016209:Interleukin-8; D009602:Nitrosamines
keywords: Lung cancer; cell invasion; cell migration; chemokine CCL-2 and CCL-3; cytokine IL-8