title: Pharmacological Effects of Niacin on Acute Hyperlipemia.
abstract: The well-known changes in modern lifestyle habits including over nutrition and physical inactivity have led to striking adverse effects on public health (e.g., obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome) over recent decades. One noticeable consequence is exaggerated and prolonged state of postprandial hyperlipemia due to the ingestion of multiple fat-enriched meals during the course of a day. Postprandial (non-fasting) hyperlipemia is characterized by increased blood levels of exogenous triglycerides (TG) in the form of apolipoprotein (apo) B48-containing TG-rich lipoproteins (TRL), which have a causal role in the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The cardiovascular benefits of lifestyle modification (healthy diet and exercise) and conventional lipid-lowering therapies (e.g., statins, fibrates, and niacin) could involve their favourable effects on postprandial metabolism. Pharmacologically, niacin has been used as an athero-protective drug for five decades. Studies have since shown that niacin may decrease fasting levels of plasma verylow- density lipoproteins (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and lipoprotein [a] (Lp[a]), while may increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Herein, the purpose of this review was to provide an update on effects and mechanisms related to the pharmacological actions of niacin on acute hyperlipemia.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, Ctra. de Utrera Km. 1, Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, 41013 Seville, Spain. delapaz@us.es.
authors.forename: Sergio Montserrat-de
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: la Paz
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bermudez
authors.forename: M Carmen
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Naranjo
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: Rocio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abia
authors.forename: Francisco J G
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Muriana
mesh_terms: D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017270:Lipoprotein(a) / Q000097:blood; D009525:Niacin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D054467:Phospholipases A2 / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D017270:Lipoprotein(a); D014280:Triglycerides; D009525:Niacin; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases