title: Changes in Course of Retinopathy of Prematurity from 1986 to 2013: Comparison of Three Studies in the United States.
abstract: To compare infant and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) characteristics from 3 clinical studies conducted over a 27-year period in the United States.
  
  
  
  Secondary analysis of results of 3 clinical studies.
  
  
  
  Infants with birth weight (BW) <1251 g.
  
  
  
  Analysis of data from the Cryotherapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity (CRYO-ROP) and Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity (ETROP) trials and the primary data from the Telemedicine Approaches for the Evaluation of Acute-Phase Retinopathy of Prematurity (e-ROP) study.
  
  
  
  Infant characteristics and onset, severity, and time course of ROP.
  
  
  
  Across the 3 studies, mean (standard deviation) BW and mean gestational age (GA) decreased over time from CRYO-ROP (954 g [185 g], 27.9 weeks [2.2 weeks]) to ETROP (907 g [205 g], 27.4 weeks [2.2 weeks]) to e-ROP (864 g [212 g], 27.0 weeks [2.2 weeks]), with an increase in the percentage of infants enrolled weighing <750 g (15.8% CRYO, 24.9% ETROP, 33.4% e-ROP; P<0.0001). The percentage of infants who developed ROP varied only minimally (65.8% CRYO, 68.0% ETROP, 63.7% e-ROP; P = 0.003). Moderately severe ROP (defined as prethreshold or referral warranted) varied (17.8% CRYO, 12.3% ETROP, 19.4% e-ROP; P<0.0001), whereas the time of onset of any ROP did not vary (34.3 weeks CRYO, 34.1 weeks ETROP, 34.8 weeks e-ROP).
  
  
  
  The BW and GA of infants enrolled in ROP studies in the United States have decreased over the past 27 years, whereas ROP prevalence and onset of disease are stable.
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Electronic address: quinn@email.chop.edu.
authors.forename: Graham E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barr
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: Don
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bremer
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: Rae
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fellows
authors.affiliation: University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas.
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.affiliation: Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Michael X
authors.initials: MX
authors.lastname: Repka
authors.affiliation: Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shepard
authors.affiliation: University of Oklahoma Department of Ophthalmology/Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
authors.forename: R Michael
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Siatkowski
authors.affiliation: Neonatology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wade
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Gui-Shuang
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Ying
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012178:Retinopathy of Prematurity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology