title: Deconstructing Circadian Rhythmicity with Models and Manipulations.
abstract: A master brain clock, localized to the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), coordinates daily rhythms of physiology and behavior. Within the SCN, interconnected individual neurons are oscillators that, as an ensemble, function to send a coherent timing signal to the brain and body. However, individually, these neurons display different amplitudes, periods, and phases of oscillation. The dynamic properties of the SCN have been characterized over several spatial levels of analysis, from proteins to cells to tissues, and over several temporal ranges, from milliseconds to weeks. Modeling tools guide empirical research in this complex and multiscale spatiotemporal environment. Given that the SCN is a prototypical example of oscillating neural systems, principles of its organization hold promise as general prototypes of rhythms in other frequencies.
authors.affiliation: Mathematics Department, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
authors.forename: Scott D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Pauls
authors.affiliation: Department of Chronomedicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Ken-Ichi
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Honma
authors.affiliation: Department of Chronomedicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Sato
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Honma
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Program, Barnard College, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: Rae.Silver@columbia.edu.
authors.forename: Rae
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Silver
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000502:physiology*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013493:Suprachiasmatic Nucleus / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins
keywords: clock genes; connectome; coupling; multiplex models; neural circuits; suprachiasmatic nucleus