title: Performance of a Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography (MSOT) System equipped with 2D vs. 3D Handheld Probes for Potential Clinical Translation.
abstract: A handheld approach to optoacoustic imaging is essential for the clinical translation. The first 2- and 3-dimensional handheld multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) probes featuring real-time unmixing have recently been developed. Imaging performance of both probes was determined in vitro and in a brain melanoma metastasis mouse model in vivo. T1-weighted MR images were acquired for anatomical reference. The limit of detection of melanoma cells in vitro was significantly lower using the 2D than the 3D probe. The signal decrease was more profound in relation to depth with the 3D versus the 2D probe. Both approaches were capable of imaging the melanoma tumors qualitatively at all time points. Quantitatively, the 2D approach enabled closer anatomical resemblance of the tumor compared to the 3D probe, particularly at depths beyond 3 mm. The 3D probe was shown to be superior for rapid 3D imaging and, thus, holds promise for more superficial target structures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Neuschmelting
authors.affiliation: iThera Medical GmbH, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Neal C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Burton
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Hannah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lockau
authors.affiliation: iThera Medical GmbH, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urich
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harmsen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum, Munich, Germany; Chair for Biological Imaging, Technische Universität München, Germany.
authors.forename: Vasilis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ntziachristos
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Center for Molecular Imaging and Nanotechnology (CMINT), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Moritz F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Kircher
keywords: Brain metastasis; Handheld optoacoustic imaging; Melanoma; Photoacoustic imaging; Transcranial imaging