title: Microcephaly and Zika virus: neonatal neuroradiological aspects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to describe some radiological features in the newborns with microcephaly caused by Zika virus infection during pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We radiologically analyzed 13 cases of newborns with microcephaly born to mothers who were infected by the Zika virus in the early stage of pregnancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most frequently observed radiological findings were microcephaly and decreased brain parenchymal volume associated with lissencephaly, ventriculomegaly secondary to the lack of brain tissue (not hypertensive), and coarse and anarchic calcifications mainly involving the subcortical cortical transition, and the basal ganglia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although it cannot be concluded that there is a definitive pathognomonic radiographic pattern of microcephaly caused by Zika virus, gross calcifications and anarchic distribution involving the subcortical cortical transition and the basal ganglia, in association with lissencephaly and in the absence of hypertensive ventriculomegaly, are characteristic of this type of infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 591, conj 41, Sao Paulo, SP, 04023-062, Brazil. sergiocavalheironeuro@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cavalheiro
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery Service of Hospital da Restauração, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery Service of Hospital da Restauração, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors.forename: Suzana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Serra
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery Service of Hospital da Restauração, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Da Cunha
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 591, conj 41, Sao Paulo, SP, 04023-062, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos Devanir S
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: da Costa
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moron
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Henrique M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Lederman
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008831:Microcephaly / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000821:virology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000071244:Zika Virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D000071243:Zika Virus Infection / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
keywords: Aedes aegypti; Intracranial calcifications; Lissencephaly; Microcephaly; Ventriculomegaly; Zika virus