title: [Conservative treatment of nonspecific, chronic low back pain : Evidence of the efficacy - a systematic literature review].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP): Which conservative therapy shows an evident effectiveness - A review of the current literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our results are based on literature reviews of current randomised control studies, reviews and meta-analysis drawn from the Cochrane Library and Medline-Database between the years 2004 until 2015. German and English Studies were included. We focused on different conservative Treatments of NSCLBP, which are listed at, the NVL-Guidelines. Based on the given evidence we evaluated their effectiveness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As part of the review we identified 4657 Publications, 85 were included in this study. Therapeutic options such as bed rest, TENS, Massage, Spine Supports, Back Schools and Antidepressants showed no evident effectiveness. Injections, NSAR analgesic therapy, Thermotherapy and Opioid analgesic therapy indicated a short-time effectiveness. A long term success (> 6 weeks) however, can not be shown. Only the Movement therapy can, in the summation of the included studies, postulate an evident (Evidence Level I) long-term effect treating NSCLBP. Only a few therapy options indicate a significant evident effectiveness for treating NSCLBP conservatively. At short notice methods such as injection therapy, thermo-therapy and analgesic therapies with NSAR and/or opioids help coping the acute phase. In the long term only movement therapy seems to provide an evident effectiveness. In the case of therapy-refractory NSCLBP a multimodal therapy should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Köln, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str.24, 50931, Köln, Deutschland. jan.bredow@uk-koeln.de.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bredow
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Köln, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str.24, 50931, Köln, Deutschland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bloess
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Köln, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str.24, 50931, Köln, Deutschland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oppermann
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Köln, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str.24, 50931, Köln, Deutschland.
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Boese
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Köln, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str.24, 50931, Köln, Deutschland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Löhrer
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Köln, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str.24, 50931, Köln, Deutschland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eysel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008405:Massage / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D026201:Musculoskeletal Manipulations / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics
keywords: Analgesia; Conservative therapy; Low back pain; Movement therapy; Pain, chronic