title: Multimodal management of primary adenocarcinoma of the female urethra: About four cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To retrospectively analyse female patients treated for urethral adenocarcinoma, modalities of treatment and long-term outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four cases of primary female urethral adenocarcinoma were treated in the departments of urology and radiation-oncology at Georges-Pompidou and Necker hospitals (France) over a 7-year period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All of them underwent surgery, with three presenting stage pT3-pT4 and one a positive cytology on inguinal node. Three patients received adjuvant cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy up to 60Gy, and one preoperative chemoradiotherapy at 45Gy. Two recurrences were observed: one local relapse occurred at 9months from the diagnosis and was treated by anterior pelvic exenteration followed by chemoradiotherapy, with no recurrence. One tumour relapsed both at the local level and on distant metastatic sites at 9months from the diagnosis, and died 21months after this progression. Median survival and progression-free survival are respectively 4.2years and 13months. Three patients are alive at 7, 4.5 and 3years from diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Female urethral adenocarcinoma is a very rare entity and often present in locally advanced stages. Initial extensive surgery with pelvic exenteration should be considered, followed by chemoradiotherapy according to the surgical margins and lymph nodes involvement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation-Oncology, centre hospitalier Lyon Sud, 165, chemin du Grand-Revoyet, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France. Electronic address: melanie.deberne@chu-lyon.fr.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deberne
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France; Inserm U765, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: M-O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Timsit
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, hôpital Necker, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Verkarre
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, hôpital Necker, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Eiss
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation-Oncology, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kreps
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation-Oncology, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dupont
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation-Oncology, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Housset
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014523:Urethral Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Adénocarcinome de l’urèthre féminin; Anterior pelvic exenteration; Chemoradiotherapy; Chimioradiothérapie; Exénteration pelvienne; Female urethral adenocarcinoma; Intensity-modulated-radiation therapy; RCMI