title: Antenatal ultrasound screening using check list before delivery for predicting a non-reassuring fetal status during labor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the effectiveness of ultrasound screening at 36 weeks' gestation for predicting a non-reassuring fetal status during labor (NRFS).
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective cohort study was conducted between 2012 and 2013. Ultrasound evaluations of umbilical cord and placental abnormalities and fetal biometry were performed among pregnant females at 36 weeks' gestation. Patients who underwent ultrasound screening were divided into three risk level groups according to their abnormalities. After delivery, NRFS and emergency Cesarean section (eCS) rate were compared between the risk groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 790 subjects were analyzed. Elective Cesarean section was performed in 111 cases. Consequently, 34 cases in the high-risk group, 45 cases in the middle-risk group and 600 cases in the low-risk group were analyzed. NRFS was diagnosed in 17.6%* of the patients in the high-risk group, 11.1%* of the patients in the middle-risk group and 5.6% of the patient's in the low-risk group. eCS was performed in 8.8%* of the high-risk subjects, 4.4%* of the middle-risk subjects and 0.8% of the low-risk subjects (*p < 0.05 compared to the low-risk group).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of antenatal ultrasound screening and risk classification effectively identifies cases of NRFS during delivery.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Showa University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takita
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Showa University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Showa University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arakaki
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Showa University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Masamitsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Showa University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tokunaka
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Showa University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oba
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Showa University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sekizawa
mesh_terms: D057189:Checklist; D005260:Female; D005316:Fetal Distress; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal
keywords: Emergency Cesarean section; non-reassuring fetal status; placenta; third trimester; umbilical cord