title: Age Moderates the Relationships between Family Functioning and Neck Pain/Disability.
abstract: This cross-sectional clinical study was designed to explore the relationships between family functioning, coping styles, and neck pain and neck disability. It was hypothesized that better family functioning and more effective coping styles would be associated with less pain and pain-related disability. It also was hypothesized that these relationships would be stronger in older people because they have fewer resources, more limited coping styles, and may depend more on their family for support. In this study, 88 women with chronic non-traumatic neck pain completed the Family Assessment Measure (FAM), Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS), Neck Disability Index (NDI), and a Visual-Analogue Scale (VAS) measuring the subjective intensity of neck pain. Zero-order and partial correlations and hierarchical stepwise regression were performed. CISS was not correlated with the NDI orVAS. Good family functioning was correlated with lower NDI and VAS scores. Age was found to moderate the relationship between the FAM and both NDI and VAS. This relationship was significant and positive in older patients, but non-significant in younger patients. It was concluded that better family functioning is associated with lower neck disability and pain intensity, especially in the case of older women suffering from non-traumatic neck pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Grażyna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guzy
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Romuald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Polczyk
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland.
authors.forename: Malwina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szpitalak
authors.affiliation: Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vernon
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000523:psychology*; D005195:Family Relations / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D019547:Neck Pain / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult