title: Airborne nanoparticles (PM0.1 ) induce autophagic cell death of human neuronal cells.
abstract: Airborne nanoparticles PM0.1 (<100 nm in diameter) were collected and their chemical composition was determined. Al was by far the most abundant metal in the PM0.1 followed by Zn, Cr, Mn, Cu, Pb and Ni. Exposure to PM0.1 resulted in a cell viability decrease in human neuronal cells SH-SY5Y in a concentration-dependent manner. Upon treatment with N-acetylcysteine, however, cell viability was significantly recovered, suggesting the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cellular DNA damage by PM0.1 was also detected by the Comet assay. PM0.1 -induced autophagic cell death was explained by an increase in the expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3A-ІІ (LC3A-ІІ) and autophagy-related protein Atg 3 and Atg 7. Analysis of 2-DE gels revealed that six proteins were upregulated, whereas eight proteins were downregulated by PM0.1 exposure. Neuroinflammation-related lithostathine and cyclophilin A complexed with dipeptide Gly-Pro, autophagy-related heat shock protein gp96 and neurodegeneration-related triosephosphate isomerase were significantly changed upon exposure to PM0.1 . These results, taken together, suggest that PM0.1 -induced oxidative stress via ROS generation plays a key role in autophagic cell death and differential protein expressions in SH-SY5Y cells. This might provide a plausible explanation for the underlying mechanisms of PM0.1 toxicity in neuronal cells and even the pathogenesis of diseases associated with its exposure. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Science, Graduate School of Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, 336-745, Republic of Korea.|Korea Brain Research Institute, Research Division, Daegu, 700-010, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yu-Mi
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Science, Graduate School of Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, 336-745, Republic of Korea.|Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam, 336-745, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mi-Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage; D006801:Humans; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010316:Particle Size; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: SH-SY5Y cells; airborne nanoparticles (PM0.1); autophagic cell death; proteomics; reactive oxygen species