title: The Impact of Buccal Bone Defects and Immediate Placement on the Esthetic Outcome of Maxillary Anterior Single-Tooth Implants.
abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of buccal bone defects and immediate placement on the esthetic outcome of maxillary anterior single-tooth implants. The archives of the Department of Dental Implants & Tissue Regeneration at Hygeia Hospital during a 5-year period (2010-2014) were retrospectively analyzed, in search of patients treated with a single-tooth implant after extraction of a maxillary incisor. The status of the buccal bone plate and the time of implant placement were recorded. The pink esthetic score (PES) of each case was evaluated, with a maximum score of 14. In total, 91 patients were included in the study. The mean PES was 10.5. The outcome was considered satisfactory (PES ≥ 8) in 89% and (almost) perfect (PES ≥ 12) in 35% of the cases. Immediate implant placement had no impact on PES (P > .05), even though it demonstrated slightly greater variability. On the other hand, buccal bone defects had a negative effect on PES (P < .0001). In conclusion, a satisfactory esthetic outcome can be achieved in single-tooth implants in the anterior maxilla. The presence of buccal bone defects is considered a negative prognostic factor, whereas immediate implant placement does not affect the esthetic outcome.
authors.affiliation: 1   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kamperos
authors.affiliation: 2   Department of Dental Implants & Tissue Regeneration, Hygeia Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Ioanna
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zambara
authors.affiliation: 1   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Vassileios
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Petsinis
authors.affiliation: 2   Department of Dental Implants & Tissue Regeneration, Hygeia Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zambaras
mesh_terms: D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D019250:Dental Implants, Single-Tooth; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D006801:Humans; D008437:Maxilla; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015050:Zygoma
keywords: anterior maxilla; dental implant; peri-implant soft tissue; pink esthetic score