title: Infection with Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food and the Effect of Increasing Use of Culture-Independent Diagnostic Tests on Surveillance--Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 U.S. Sites, 2012-2015.
abstract: To evaluate progress toward prevention of enteric and foodborne illnesses in the United States, the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) monitors the incidence of laboratory-confirmed infections caused by nine pathogens transmitted commonly through food in 10 U.S. sites. This report summarizes preliminary 2015 data and describes trends since 2012. In 2015, FoodNet reported 20,107 confirmed cases (defined as culture-confirmed bacterial infections and laboratory-confirmed parasitic infections), 4,531 hospitalizations, and 77 deaths. FoodNet also received reports of 3,112 positive culture-independent diagnostic tests (CIDTs) without culture-confirmation, a number that has markedly increased since 2012. Diagnostic testing practices for enteric pathogens are rapidly moving away from culture-based methods. The continued shift from culture-based methods to CIDTs that do not produce the isolates needed to distinguish between strains and subtypes affects the interpretation of public health surveillance data and ability to monitor progress toward prevention efforts. Expanded case definitions and strategies for obtaining bacterial isolates are crucial during this transition period.
authors.forename: Jennifer Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Olga L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Henao
authors.forename: Patricia M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Griffin
authors.forename: Duc J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Vugia
authors.forename: Alicia B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Cronquist
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hurd
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tobin-D'Angelo
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: Kirk
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lathrop
authors.forename: Shelley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zansky
authors.forename: Paul R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Cieslak
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dunn
authors.forename: Kristin G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Holt
authors.forename: Beverly J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Wolpert
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Patrick
mesh_terms: D046508:Culture Techniques / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003955:Diagnostic Tests, Routine / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005517:Foodborne Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D011159:Population Surveillance; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology