title: Moderate-dose cyclophosphamide in the treatment of relapsed/refractory T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia-associated pure red cell aplasia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia (T-LGLL) is a rare disorder characterized by clonal proliferation of large granular lymphocytes (commonly CD3+/CD8+/CD57+). However, the available data regarding the optimal treatment for relapsed/refractory T-LGLL patients are limited.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed 10 patients treated with immunosuppressive therapy consisting of intravenous moderate-dose cyclophosphamide (MD-CTX) together with oral cyclosporine A for relapsed/refractory T-LGLL in our hospital between July 2006 and March 2013.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall response rate to MD-CTX was 60% (6/10; hematologic complete remission rate, 50%; hematologic partial remission rate, 10%). The median time to response was 28.5 days (range, 20-118 days). The relapse rate of MD-CTX was 50% (3/6); two of these three patients achieved hematologic complete remission after receiving a second course of MD-CTX. Neutropenia was the major adverse event of the MD-CTX regimen. The median time to neutropenia was 5.5 days (range, 1-10 days) and the median neutropenia duration was 5 days (range, 3-15 days). None of the patients developed severe infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MD-CTX regimen appears efficacious and safe in the treatment of relapsed/refractory T-LGLL patients.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anemia Therapeutic Centre , Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS & PUMC) , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Guangxin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anemia Therapeutic Centre , Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS & PUMC) , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Wenrui
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anemia Therapeutic Centre , Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS & PUMC) , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anemia Therapeutic Centre , Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS & PUMC) , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Kang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anemia Therapeutic Centre , Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS & PUMC) , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anemia Therapeutic Centre , Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS & PUMC) , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anemia Therapeutic Centre , Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS & PUMC) , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anemia Therapeutic Centre , Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS & PUMC) , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anemia Therapeutic Centre , Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS & PUMC) , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Huihui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anemia Therapeutic Centre , Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS & PUMC) , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anemia Therapeutic Centre , Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS & PUMC) , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anemia Therapeutic Centre , Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS & PUMC) , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Zhijie
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anemia Therapeutic Centre , Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS & PUMC) , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Fengkui
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Anemia Therapeutic Centre , Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS & PUMC) , Tianjin , China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jing
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007945:Leukemia, Lymphoid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D003520:Cyclophosphamide
keywords: Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine A; Pure red cell aplasia; T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia