title: Dazl is a target RNA suppressed by mammalian NANOS2 in sexually differentiating male germ cells.
abstract: Evolutionally conserved Nanos RNA-binding proteins play crucial roles in germ cell development. While a mammalian Nanos family protein, NANOS2, is required for sexual differentiation of male (XY) germ cells in mice, the underlying mechanisms and the identities of its target RNAs in vivo remain elusive. Using comprehensive microarray analysis and a bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic system, here we identify Dazl, a germ cell-specific gene encoding an RNA-binding protein implicated in translation, as a crucial target of NANOS2. Importantly, removal of the Dazl 3'-untranslated region in XY germ cells stabilizes the Dazl mRNA, resulting in elevated meiotic gene expression, abnormal resumption of the cell cycle and impaired processing-body formation, reminiscent of Nanos2-knockout phenotypes. Furthermore, our data suggest that NANOS2 acts as an antagonist of the DAZL protein. We propose a dual system of NANOS2-mediated suppression of Dazl expression as a pivotal molecular mechanism promoting sexual differentiation of XY germ cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Mammalian Development, Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.|Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuzuru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katsuki
authors.affiliation: Division of Mammalian Development, Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7216-3066
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kokubo
authors.affiliation: Division of Mammalian Development, Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.
authors.forename: Aki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.affiliation: Division of Mammalian Development, Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.|Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI, Yata 1111, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.|Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saga