title: Carboxylesterase 1 Is Regulated by Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4α and Protects Against Alcohol- and MCD diet-induced Liver Injury.
abstract: The liver is a major organ that controls hepatic and systemic homeostasis. Dysregulation of liver metabolism may cause liver injury. Previous studies have demonstrated that carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) regulates hepatic triglyceride metabolism and protects against liver steatosis. In the present study, we investigated whether CES1 played a role in the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and methionine and choline-deficient (MCD) diet-induced liver injury. Both hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) and CES1 were markedly reduced in patients with alcoholic steatohepatitis. Alcohol repressed both HNF4α and CES1 expression in primary hepatocytes. HNF4α regulated CES1 expression by directly binding to the proximal promoter of CES1. Global inactivation of CES1 aggravated alcohol- or MCD diet-induced liver inflammation and liver injury, likely as a result of increased production of acetaldehyde and reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunctions. Knockdown of hepatic CES1 exacerbated ethanol-induced steatohepatitis. These data indicate that CES1 plays a crucial role in protection against alcohol- or MCD diet-induced liver injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA.
authors.forename: Jiesi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA.
authors.forename: Kavita
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jadhav
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA.
authors.forename: Liya
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA.
authors.forename: Yanqiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000438:Alcohols / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000473:pathology*; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005235:Fatty Liver, Alcoholic / Q000473:pathology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D051557:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols; C496592:HNF4A protein, human; D051557:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; C474609:CES1 protein, human