title: Relationship Between the Range of Motion and Isometric Strength of Elbow and Shoulder Joints and Ball Velocity in Women Team Handball Players.
abstract: Schwesig, R, Hermassi, S, Wagner, H, Fischer, D, Fieseler, G, Molitor, T, and Delank, K-S. Relationship between the range of motion and isometric strength of elbow and shoulder joints and ball velocity in women team handball players. J Strength Cond Res 30(12): 3428-3435, 2016-The aims of this study were to investigate relationships between isometric strength and range of motion (ROM) of shoulder and elbow joints and compare 2 different team handball throwing techniques in women team handball. Twenty highly experienced women team handball players (age: 20.7 ± 2.9 years; body mass: 68.4 ± 6.0 kg; and height: 1.74 ± 0.06 m) participated in this study. The isometric strength (hand-held dynamometer) and ROM (goniometer) of shoulder and elbow joints were measured at the beginning of the preseasonal training. After clinical examination, the subjects performed 3 standing throws with run-up (10 m) and 3 jump throws over a hurdle (0.20 m). The mean ball velocity was calculated from 3 attempts and measured using a radar gun. The results showed that the ball velocity of the standing throw with run-up (vST) was significantly higher than that of the jump throw (vJT) (25.5 ± 1.56 vs. 23.2 ± 1.31 m·s; p < 0.001). Therefore, significant playing position effects (p = 0.021) were only found for ST. Goalkeepers (n = 2) had the lowest (22.6 ± 0.04 m·s) and backcourt players (n = 9), the highest (26.1 ± 1.36 m·s) vST. The retroversion strength in the shoulder was the only parameter with relevant correlations to both throws (vST: r = 0.52, and vJT: r = 0.43). Other relevant relationships to vJT were found for adduction strength shoulder (r = 0.55) and ROM flexion elbow (r = -0.54). The vST was only correlated to the glenohumeral internal rotation deficit. As a consequence, strength is more important than the ROM, and in addition to this, the shoulder, compared with the elbow, has a greater influence on the vST in highly experienced women team handball players.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany; 2Tunisian Researches Laboratory, Sport Performance Optimization, Tunis, Tunisia; 3Department of Sports Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria; 4Institute for Applied Training Science Department Technique-Tactics, Leipzig, Germany; and 5Division for Shoulder Surgery and Sports Medicine Helios Clinic Warburg, Germany.
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schwesig
authors.forename: Souhail
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hermassi
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fieseler
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Molitor
authors.forename: Karl-Stefan
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Delank
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004551:Elbow Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D053581:Muscle Strength Dynamometer; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology*; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D013177:Sports / Q000502:physiology*