title: Candidate gene polymorphisms and risk of psoriasis: A pilot study.
abstract: Psoriasis is a complex genetic disease, which has previously been associated with numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are implicated in various processes, including skin barrier functions and in the regulation of inflammatory and immune responses. The present study aimed to investigate the genotypic and allelic frequencies of 32 SNPs at 24 genetic loci, and their association with psoriasis in a Mexican population. These SNPs, which were associated with psoriasis in previous studies, included the following genes: Major histocompatibility complex class I-C (HLA-C), interleukin (IL)-12B,IL-23R,IL-23A,IL-28RA, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, ring finger protein-114 (RNF114), cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like 1, late cornified envelope 3B/3C, signal transducer and activator of transcription 4,LINC01185, interferon induced with helicase C domain 1,IL-13, TNF-α-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3),TNFAIP3interacting protein 1, endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1, TNF receptor-associated factor interacting protein 2,Leptin, nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor-alpha, F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 19, nitric oxide synthase 2, cluster of differentiation 40, nuclear receptor coactivator 5, andADAMmetallopeptidase domain 33. A total of 32 male and 14 female subjects with a clinical diagnosis of chronic plaque psoriasis, as well as 103 control subjects, were analyzed. Molecular analyses were performed using TaqMan® assays in a TaqMan® OpenArray® Genotyping system. Results were analyzed using the Golden Helix SNP and Variation Suite 7 program. Of the 32 SNPs, six were associated with an increased risk of developing psoriasis, including:HLA-Crs10484554 [allele T: odds ratio (OR) 3.51],IL-12Brs3212227 (allele T: OR 1.88), IL-12B rs3213094 (allele C: OR 1.94), HLA complex group 27 rs1265181 (allele C: OR 2.83), annexin A6 rs17728338 (allele A: OR 2.41), andRNF114rs6125829 (allele G: OR 1.98). Fisher's exact test detected statistical significance; however, following false discovery rate and Bonferroni correction, this association was no longer significant (threshold for genome-wide significance, P<1.56×10-3). SNPs that were associated with an increased risk of psoriasis in the present study have previously been associated with psoriasis in European, American, and Asian populations. In order to establish genome-wide significance, future studies must analyze a greater sample size. To the best of our knowledge, the present pilot study is the first to investigate the association between these 32 SNPs and psoriasis in a Mexican Mestizo population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University Hospital 'Dr. José Eleuterio González', Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México.
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Villarreal-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, University Hospital 'Dr. José Eleuterio González', Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México.
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gallardo-Blanco
authors.affiliation: Population Genetics Department, School of Nursing, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cerda-Flores
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, University Hospital 'Dr. José Eleuterio González', Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México.
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Torres-Muñoz
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University Hospital 'Dr. José Eleuterio González', Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México.
authors.forename: Minerva
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gómez-Flores
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University Hospital 'Dr. José Eleuterio González', Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México.
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salas-Alanís
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University Hospital 'Dr. José Eleuterio González', Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ocampo-Candiani
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, University Hospital 'Dr. José Eleuterio González', Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martínez-Garza
keywords: gene association; genetic risk; polymorphisms; psoriasis genes