title: The 'when' and 'where' of semantic coding in the anterior temporal lobe: Temporal representational similarity analysis of electrocorticogram data.
abstract: Electrocorticograms (ECoG) provide a unique opportunity to monitor neural activity directly at the cortical surface. Ten patients with subdural electrodes covering ventral and lateral anterior temporal regions (ATL) performed a picture naming task. Temporal representational similarity analysis (RSA) was used, for the first time, to compare spatio-temporal neural patterns from the ATL surface with pre-defined theoretical models. The results indicate that the neural activity in the ventral subregion of the ATL codes semantic representations from 250 msec after picture onset. The observed activation similarity was not related to the visual similarity of the pictures or the phonological similarity of their names. In keeping with convergent evidence for the importance of the ATL in semantic processing, these results provide the first direct evidence of semantic coding from the surface of the ventral ATL and its time-course.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit, School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shimotake
authors.affiliation: Department of Epilepsy, Movement Disorders and Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan. Electronic address: matsumot@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kunieda
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.affiliation: Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukuyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Epilepsy, Movement Disorders and Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit, School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. Electronic address: matt.lambon-ralph@manchester.ac.uk.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lambon Ralph
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D000069280:Electrocorticography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Anterior temporal lobe; Multi-voxel pattern analysis; Representational similarity; Semantic representation