title: Neuromyelitis optica does not impact periventricular venous density versus healthy controls: a 7.0 Tesla MRI clinical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantify the periventricular venous density in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease (NMOSD) in comparison to that in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy control subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen patients with NMOSD, 16 patients with MS and 16 healthy control subjects underwent 7.0-Tesla (7T) MRI. The imaging protocol included T2*-weighted (T2*w) fast low angle-shot (FLASH) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences. The periventricular venous area (PVA) was manually determined by a blinded investigator in order to estimate the periventricular venous density in a region of interest-based approach.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences in periventricular venous density indicated by PVA were detectable in NMOSD versus healthy controls (p = 0.226). In contrast, PVA was significantly reduced in MS patients compared to healthy controls (p = 0.013).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unlike patients with MS, those suffering from NMOSD did not show reduced venous visibility. This finding may underscore primary and secondary pathophysiological differences between these two distinct diseases of the central nervous system.
authors.affiliation: NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.affiliation: NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.|Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, 1st Faculty of Medicine, General University Hospital in Prague, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pache
authors.affiliation: NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.|Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bellmann-Strobl
authors.affiliation: NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Janina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Behrens
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.|Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, 1st Faculty of Medicine, General University Hospital in Prague, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dusek
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.|Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Lutz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Harms
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.|Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Klemens
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ruprecht
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, 1st Faculty of Medicine, General University Hospital in Prague, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nytrova
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Sanjeev
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chawla
authors.affiliation: Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.|Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Thoralf
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Niendorf
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Multiple Sclerosis Care Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Ilya
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kister
authors.affiliation: NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. friedemann.paul@charite.de.|Clinical and Experimental Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. friedemann.paul@charite.de.|Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. friedemann.paul@charite.de.|Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany. friedemann.paul@charite.de.
authors.forename: Friedemann
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Yulin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.|Institute of Neuroradiology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.|Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.|Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.|Medical Image Analysis Center AG (MIAC), Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wuerfel
authors.affiliation: NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.|Medical Image Analysis Center AG (MIAC), Basel, Switzerland.|Department of Neurology, Asklepios Fachklinikum Teupitz, Teupitz, Germany.|Department of Neurology, Universitätsspital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sinnecker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D009471:Neuromyelitis Optica / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D014680:Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: 7T MRI; Multiple sclerosis; Neuromyelitis optica; Ultrahigh-field MRI; Venous density