title: Receptor activity-modifying proteins; multifunctional G protein-coupled receptor accessory proteins.
abstract: Receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs) are single pass membrane proteins initially identified by their ability to determine the pharmacology of the calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR), a family B G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). It is now known that RAMPs can interact with a much wider range of GPCRs. This review considers recent developments on the structure of the complexes formed between the extracellular domains (ECDs) of CLR and RAMP1 or RAMP2 as these provide insights as to how the RAMPs direct ligand binding. The range of RAMP interactions is also considered; RAMPs can interact with numerous family B GPCRs as well as examples of family A and family C GPCRs. They influence receptor expression at the cell surface, trafficking, ligand binding and G protein coupling. The GPCR-RAMP interface offers opportunities for drug targeting, illustrated by examples of drugs developed for migraine.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand DL.Hay@auckland.ac.nz D.R.Poyner@aston.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Debbie L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hay
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Christopher S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Joseph J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gingell
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 1PD, U.K.
authors.forename: Graham
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ladds
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Essex University, Colchester CO4 3SQ, U.K.
authors.forename: Christopher A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.affiliation: School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, U.K. DL.Hay@auckland.ac.nz D.R.Poyner@aston.ac.uk.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Poyner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D011487:Protein Conformation; D058261:Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D058261:Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
keywords: adrenomedullin; amylin; calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP); calcitonin receptor; calcitonin receptor-like receptor; family B G protein-coupled receptor; receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP)