title: Ocular Toxocariasis: Clinical Features and Long-term Visual Outcomes in Adult Patients.
abstract: To investigate clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of proven ocular toxocariasis (OT) in adult patients.
  
  
  
  Retrospective, consecutive, interventional case series.
  
  
  
  setting: Institutional.
  
  
  
  Consecutive OT patients with positive serum serology and positive western blot (WB) on ocular sample.
  
  
  
  Clinical features, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and treatment outcomes.
  
  
  
  Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and OCT central foveal thickness (CFT).
  
  
  
  Fourteen patients were included between 2011 and 2013. Mean age at diagnosis was 45.6 years. Mean duration between the first symptoms and diagnosis was 15.1 months. Uveitis was unilateral in all cases and all patients displayed vitreous inflammation. The main baseline findings were presence of ≥1 peripheral granulomas (57.1%), vasculitis (57.1%), vitreoretinal traction (57.1%), and chronic macular edema (ME) (71.4%). Delayed diagnosis (>8 months) seemed to be associated with higher rate of ME. All patients received albendazole. Systemic (n = 5) and/or local corticosteroids (CS) (n = 7) were administered in case of ME and/or posterior segment inflammation. Vitrectomy was performed when vitreous inflammation was severe and persistent despite CS or in case of threatening traction or visually significant epimacular membrane (28.6%). Overall, this regimen allowed significant decrease of CFT (P = .01). In the vitrectomy subgroup, mean BCVA increased (P = .01) and CFT decreased (P = .017).
  
  
  
  While some features such as granuloma are typical signs of OT, atypical features can delay the diagnosis. In doubtful situations, WB on ocular samples seems to be more specific than serum antibodies alone. ME seems to be a common complication of longstanding OT in the adult.
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, Reference Centre for Rare Diseases, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris VI University, DHU Sight Restore, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Raphaelle
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Despreaux
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, Reference Centre for Rare Diseases, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris VI University, DHU Sight Restore, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fardeau
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, Reference Centre for Rare Diseases, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris VI University, DHU Sight Restore, Paris, France. Electronic address: saratouhami@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Touhami
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brasnu
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, Reference Centre for Rare Diseases, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris VI University, DHU Sight Restore, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Champion
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Department, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris VI University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Paris
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, Reference Centre for Rare Diseases, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris VI University, DHU Sight Restore, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Touitou
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, Reference Centre for Rare Diseases, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris VI University, DHU Sight Restore, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Bahram
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bodaghi
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, Reference Centre for Rare Diseases, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris VI University, DHU Sight Restore, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Phuc
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lehoang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015766:Albendazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D015153:Blotting, Western; D057210:Delayed Diagnosis; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015822:Eye Infections, Parasitic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014120:Toxocariasis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D015766:Albendazole