title: Species identification of bivalve molluscs by pyrosequencing.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The increase in seafood consumption and the presence of different species of bivalves on the global markets has given rise to several commercial frauds based on species substitution. To prevent and detect wilful or unintentional frauds, reliable and rapid techniques are required to identify seafood species in different products. In the present work, a pyrosequencing-based technology has been used for the molecular identification of bivalve species.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Processed and unprocessed samples of 15 species belonging to the bivalve families Pectinidae, Mytilidae, Donacidae, Ostreidae, Pharide and Veneridae were analysed and correctly identified by the developed pyrosequencing-based method according to the homology between query sequences of the 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) and cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) genes and their correspondent reference libraries. This technique exhibits great potential in automated and high-throughput processing systems, allowing the simultaneous analysis of 96 samples in shorter execution and turnaround times.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The correct identification of all the species shows how useful this technique may prove to differentiate species from different products, providing an alternative, simple, rapid and economical tool to detect seafood substitution frauds. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abbadi
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marciano
authors.affiliation: National Reference Laboratory for Fish, Molluscs and Crustacean Diseases, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 45011 Adria, Rovigo, Italy.|Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tosi
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De Battisti
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Panzarin
authors.affiliation: National Reference Laboratory for Fish, Molluscs and Crustacean Diseases, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 45011 Adria, Rovigo, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Arcangeli
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cattoli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000235:genetics*; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics; D005607:Fraud; D015723:Gene Library; D006801:Humans; D049879:Mytilidae; D010125:Ostreidae; D049897:Pectinidae; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods*; D017385:Sequence Homology; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV
keywords: 16S ribosomal RNA; bivalve molluscs; commercial frauds; cytochrome c oxidase I; pyrosequencing; seafood species identification