title: Quantitative proteomics reveals the importance of nitrogen source to control glucosinolate metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica oleracea.
abstract: Accessing different nitrogen (N) sources involves a profound adaptation of plant metabolism. In this study, a quantitative proteomic approach was used to further understand how the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana adjusts to different N sources when grown exclusively under nitrate or ammonium nutrition. Proteome data evidenced that glucosinolate metabolism was differentially regulated by the N source and that both TGG1 and TGG2 myrosinases were more abundant under ammonium nutrition, which is generally considered to be a stressful situation. Moreover, Arabidopsis plants displayed glucosinolate accumulation and induced myrosinase activity under ammonium nutrition. Interestingly, these results were also confirmed in the economically important crop broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica). Moreover, these metabolic changes were correlated in Arabidopsis with the differential expression of genes from the aliphatic glucosinolate metabolic pathway. This study underlines the importance of nitrogen nutrition and the potential of using ammonium as the N source in order to stimulate glucosinolate metabolism, which may have important applications not only in terms of reducing pesticide use, but also for increasing plants' nutritional value.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain daniel.marino@ehu.eus.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marino
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciencias del Medio Natural, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain Faculdade de Ciências, Centro Ecologia Evolução e Alterações Ambientais, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Idoia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ariz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciencias del Medio Natural, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Berta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lasa
authors.affiliation: Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Fundación Miguel Servet, Proteored-ISCIII, Instituto de investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Santamaría
authors.affiliation: Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Fundación Miguel Servet, Proteored-ISCIII, Instituto de investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Joaquín
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fernández-Irigoyen
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: González-Murua
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciencias del Medio Natural, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Pedro M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Aparicio Tejo
mesh_terms: D064751:Ammonium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001937:Brassica / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000378:metabolism*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics
chemical_list: D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D005961:Glucosinolates; D009566:Nitrates; D010940:Plant Proteins; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Ammonium; Arabidopsis; broccoli; glucosinolates; myrosinase; nitrate; nitrogen nutrition; proteomics.; thaliana