title: Intestinal alkaline phosphatase: a summary of its role in clinical disease.
abstract: Over the past few years, there is increasing evidence implicating a novel role for Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase (IAP) in mitigating inflammatory mediated disorders. IAP is an endogenous protein expressed by the intestinal epithelium that is believed to play a vital role in maintaining gut homeostasis. Loss of IAP expression or function is associated with increased intestinal inflammation, dysbiosis, bacterial translocation and subsequently systemic inflammation. As these events are a cornerstone of the pathophysiology of many diseases relevant to surgeons, we sought to review recent research in both animal and humans on IAP's physiologic function, mechanisms of action and current research in specific surgical diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fawley
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee; Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. Electronic address: DGourlay@chw.org.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Gourlay
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism*; D018988:Bacterial Translocation; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D064806:Dysbiosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D020345:Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D018805:Sepsis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; C063088:ALPI protein, human; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase
keywords: Bacterial translocation; IAP; IBD; Intestinal microbiome; Metabolic syndrome; NEC; Sepsis