title: Allergic Rhinitis: Mechanisms and Treatment.
abstract: The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) has been estimated at 10% to 40%, and its economic burden is substantial. AR patients develop specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody responses to indoor and outdoor environmental allergens with exposure over time. These specific IgE antibodies bind to high-affinity IgE receptors on mast cells and basophils. Key outcome measures of therapeutic interventions include rhinitis symptom control, rescue medication requirements, and quality-of-life measures. A comprehensive multiple modality treatment plan customized to the individual patient can optimize outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Electronic address: bernstdd@ucmail.uc.edu.
authors.forename: David I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Bernstein
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Gene
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bernstein
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Allergic rhinitis treatment; Intranasal antihistamines; Intranasal corticosteroids; Leukotrienes; Mechanisms; Subcutaneous immunotherapy; Treatment