title: Association between maternal serum high mobility group box 1 levels and pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus.
abstract: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), is characterized by chronic, low-grade subclinical inflammation with altered production of cytokines and mediators. Recently, a new protein acting as a "danger signal", high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), that migrates quickly during electrophoresis, has been identified. The aim of our study was to analyze serum levels of HMGB1 in pregnant women, with or without GDM, in the third trimester of pregnancy to evaluate correlation with insulin resistance and other risk factors for GDM.
  
  
  
  Seventy five pregnant women positive to the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were included in the study group and 48 pregnant women who were negative to the screening test, were randomly selected using a computer-generated randomisation table. A significant positive univariate correlation was observed between serum HMGB1 levels, HOMA-IR index, glycaemia values at OGTT and pre-pregnancy BMI. Moreover, logistic regression analysis showed that serum HMGB1 was independent linked to GDM.
  
  
  
  Our study demonstrated that HMGB1, a marker of chronic inflammation, is associated to GDM and insulin resistance level, in the third trimester of pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giacobbe
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy. Electronic address: rgranese@unime.it.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Granese
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grasso
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University Hospital, via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Salpietro
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Corrado
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University Hospital, via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giorgianni
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Foti
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Amadore
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric, Gynecological, Microbiological and Biomedical Sciences, via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Triolo
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University Hospital, via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Giunta
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University Hospital, via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Benedetto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D016015:Logistic Models; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third / Q000097:blood; D012372:ROC Curve; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D024243:HMGB1 Protein; C585491:HMGB1 protein, human; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007328:Insulin
keywords: Gestational diabetes mellitus; High mobility group box 1; Insulin resistance