title: Transformation of metal-organic frameworks for molecular sieving membranes.
abstract: The development of simple, versatile strategies for the synthesis of metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived membranes are of increasing scientific interest, but challenges exist in understanding suitable fabrication mechanisms. Here we report a route for the complete transformation of a series of MOF membranes and particles, based on multivalent cation substitution. Through our approach, the effective pore size can be reduced through the immobilization of metal salt residues in the cavities, and appropriate MOF crystal facets can be exposed, to achieve competitive molecular sieving capabilities. The method can also be used more generally for the synthesis of a variety of MOF membranes and particles. Importantly, we design and synthesize promising MOF membranes candidates that are hard to achieve through conventional methods. For example, our CuBTC/MIL-100 membrane exhibits 89, 171, 241 and 336 times higher H2 permeance than that of CO2, O2, N2 and CH4, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oceanic and Environmental Chemical Engineering, State Key Lab Breeding Base of Green Chemical Synthesis Technology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Membrane Separation and Water Treatment of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18#, Hangzhou 310014, China.
authors.forename: Wanbin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Yufan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oceanic and Environmental Chemical Engineering, State Key Lab Breeding Base of Green Chemical Synthesis Technology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Membrane Separation and Water Treatment of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18#, Hangzhou 310014, China.
authors.forename: Congyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oceanic and Environmental Chemical Engineering, State Key Lab Breeding Base of Green Chemical Synthesis Technology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Membrane Separation and Water Treatment of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18#, Hangzhou 310014, China.
authors.forename: Zehai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oceanic and Environmental Chemical Engineering, State Key Lab Breeding Base of Green Chemical Synthesis Technology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Membrane Separation and Water Treatment of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18#, Hangzhou 310014, China.
authors.forename: Pengcheng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols, Ethers and Esters, Key Lab for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
authors.forename: Qingbiao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Chong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oceanic and Environmental Chemical Engineering, State Key Lab Breeding Base of Green Chemical Synthesis Technology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Membrane Separation and Water Treatment of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18#, Hangzhou 310014, China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oceanic and Environmental Chemical Engineering, State Key Lab Breeding Base of Green Chemical Synthesis Technology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Membrane Separation and Water Treatment of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18#, Hangzhou 310014, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oceanic and Environmental Chemical Engineering, State Key Lab Breeding Base of Green Chemical Synthesis Technology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Membrane Separation and Water Treatment of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chaowang Road 18#, Hangzhou 310014, China.
authors.forename: Guoliang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang