title: Association between PPAR-γ2 Pro12Ala genotype and insulin resistance is modified by circulating lipids in Mexican children.
abstract: The Pro12Ala (rs1801282) polymorphism in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2 (PPAR-γ2) has been convincingly associated with insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) among Europeans, in interaction with a high-fat diet. Mexico is disproportionally affected by obesity and T2D however, whether the Pro12Ala polymorphism is associated with early metabolic complications in this population is unknown. We assessed the association of PPAR-γ2 Pro12Ala with metabolic traits in 1457 Mexican children using linear regression models. Interactions between PPAR-γ2 Pro12Ala and circulating lipids on metabolic traits were determined by adding an interaction term to regression models. We observed a high prevalence of overweight/obesity (49.2%), dyslipidemia (34.9%) and IR (11.1%). We detected nominally significant/significant interactions between lipids (total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol), the PPAR-γ2 Pro12Ala genotype and waist-to-hip ratio, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR and IR (9.30 × 10(-4)  ≤ Pinteraction ≤ 0.04). Post-hoc subgroup analyses evidenced that the association between the PPAR-γ2 Pro12Ala genotype and fasting insulin, HOMA-IR and IR was restricted to children with total cholesterol or LDL-cholesterol values higher than the median (0.02 ≤ P ≤ 0.03). Our data support an association of the Pro12Ala polymorphism with IR in Mexican children and suggest that this relationship is modified by dyslipidemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stryjecki
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jesus
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peralta-Romero
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Akram
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alyass
authors.affiliation: Health Promotion Division, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Karam-Araujo
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Suarez
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gomez-Zamudio
authors.affiliation: Centro de investigación sobre enfermedades infecciosas. Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burguete-Garcia
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.|Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Meyre
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000150:complications; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008800:Mexico; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D047495:PPAR gamma