title: Neglected for too long? - CD8+ Tregs release NOX2-loaded vesicles to inhibit CD4+ T cells.
abstract: Tregs are critical for control of self-reactive T cells that escape thymic selection and end up in the periphery. Treg subsets suppress effector T cell populations through the secretion of immunosuppressive molecules and inhibitory cytokines as well as cell contact-dependent mechanisms. In this issue of the JCI, Wen and colleagues describe another mechanism by which Tregs suppress effector T cell populations. Specifically, the authors reveal that CD8+ T cells in close contact with target T cells release NADPH oxidase 2-containing microvesicles that inhibit TCR activation by elevating ROS and thereby reducing phosphorylation of the TCR-associated kinase ZAP70. Together, the results of this study provide important insight into CD8+ Treg function and into the development of autoimmunity in older individuals.
authors.forename: Christoph T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hess
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000276:immunology*; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000502:physiology*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D000074662:NADPH Oxidase 2; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000276:immunology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000276:immunology; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology; D051746:ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; C056558:CYBB protein, human; D000074662:NADPH Oxidase 2; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D051746:ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase; C497261:ZAP70 protein, human