title: Placental Expression Patterns of Galectin-1, Galectin-2, Galectin-3 and Galectin-13 in Cases of Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR).
abstract: Galectins (gal) are members of the mammalian β-galactoside-binding proteins and recognize Galβ1-4GlcNAc and Galβ1-4GalNac (Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (TF)) sequences of several cell surface oligosaccharides. In this study, gal-1, -2, -3 and -13 were investigated systematically in the trophoblast and decidua compartment of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) placentas and normal third trimester control placentas and stratified by fetal gender and gestational age. Within this study, 29 third trimester placentas after delivery were analyzed. Fetal gender was equally divided within both groups, and immunohistochemical staining was analyzed according to fetal gender and gestational age. Double immune-fluorescence with trophoblast-specific markers was used to identify galectin-expressing cells at the feto-maternal interface in the decidua. Gal-3 was significantly downregulated only in the extravillous trophoblast of IUGR placentas. In contrast, expressions of gal-2 and gal-13 were downregulated in both villous and extravillous trophoblast cells of IUGR placentas. In addition, gal-2 and gal-13 showed a highly correlated expression scheme in the placenta. There are significant gender-specific expression patterns for single prototype galectins with downregulation of gal-2 and gal-13 of male gender placentas in cases of IUGR. Gal-3 as the chimera type galectin shows only little gender-specific differences in expression, which disappear in IUGR cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Maistraße 11, 80337 Munich, Germany. Stefan.hutter@med.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hutter
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Maistraße 11, 80337 Munich, Germany. Julia.knabl@gmx.de.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knabl
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Maistraße 11, 80337 Munich, Germany. Ulrich.andergassen@med.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Andergassen
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Maistraße 11, 80337 Munich, Germany. simone.hofmann@med.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Maistraße 11, 80337 Munich, Germany. Christina.kuhn@med.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Maistraße 11, 80337 Munich, Germany. sven.mahner@med.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahner
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Hamburg, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany. p.arck@uke.de.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arck
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Maistraße 11, 80337 Munich, Germany. udo.jeschke@med.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Udo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Jeschke
mesh_terms: D003656:Decidua / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D037483:Galectin 1 / Q000032:analysis*; D037501:Galectin 2 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000032:analysis*; D037161:Galectins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D037483:Galectin 1; D037501:Galectin 2; D037502:Galectin 3; D037161:Galectins; C038195:LGALS13 protein, human; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: IUGR; decidua; galectins; placenta; trophoblast