title: Development and maintenance of intestinal regulatory T cells.
abstract: Gut-resident forkhead box P3 (FOXP3)(+)CD4(+) regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are distinct from those in other organs and have gut-specific phenotypes and functions. Whereas Treg cells in other organs have T cell receptors (TCRs) specific for self antigens, intestinal Treg cells have a distinct set of TCRs that are specific for intestinal antigens, and these cells have pivotal roles in the suppression of immune responses against harmless dietary antigens and commensal microorganisms. The differentiation, migration and maintenance of intestinal Treg cells are controlled by specific signals from the local environment. In particular, certain members of the microbiota continuously provide antigens and immunoregulatory small molecules that modulate intestinal Treg cells. Understanding the development and the maintenance of intestinal Treg cells provides important insights into disease-relevant host-microorganism interactions.
authors.affiliation: RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanoue
authors.affiliation: RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.|Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Atarashi
authors.affiliation: RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.|Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.|AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Honda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D060833:Cellular Microenvironment; D060965:Clonal Evolution / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D010581:Peyer's Patches / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*