title: Cartilage tissue engineering: From biomaterials and stem cells to osteoarthritis treatments.
abstract: Articular cartilage is a non-vascularized and poorly cellularized connective tissue that is frequently damaged as a result of trauma and degenerative joint diseases such as osteoarthrtis. Because of the absence of vascularization, articular cartilage has low capacity for spontaneous repair. Today, and despite a large number of preclinical data, no therapy capable of restoring the healthy structure and function of damaged articular cartilage is clinically available. Tissue-engineering strategies involving the combination of cells, scaffolding biomaterials and bioactive agents have been of interest notably for the repair of damaged articular cartilage. During the last 30 years, cartilage tissue engineering has evolved from the treatment of focal lesions of articular cartilage to the development of strategies targeting the osteoarthritis process. In this review, we focus on the different aspects of tissue engineering applied to cartilage engineering. We first discuss cells, biomaterials and biological or environmental factors instrumental to the development of cartilage tissue engineering, then review the potential development of cartilage engineering strategies targeting new emerging pathogenic mechanisms of osteoarthritis.
authors.affiliation: Inserm UMRS 791, laboratoire d'ingénierie osteo-articulaire et dentaire (LIOAD), group STEP « skeletal tissue engineering and physiopathology », 44042 Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, UFR d'odontologie, 44042 Nantes, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vinatier
authors.affiliation: Inserm UMRS 791, laboratoire d'ingénierie osteo-articulaire et dentaire (LIOAD), group STEP « skeletal tissue engineering and physiopathology », 44042 Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, UFR d'odontologie, 44042 Nantes, France; CHU de Nantes, PHU 4 OTONN, 44000 Nantes, France. Electronic address: jerome.guicheux@inserm.fr.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guicheux
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000601:surgery*; D013234:Stem Cells; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials
keywords: Biomaterials; Cartilage tissue engineering; Osteoarthritis; Stem cells