title: Highly Sensitive Detection of Hormone Estradiol E2 Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Based Immunoassays for the Clinical Diagnosis of Precocious Puberty.
abstract: The hormone estradiol (17β-estradiol, E2) plays an important role in sexual development and serves as an important diagnostic biomarker of various clinical conditions. Particularly, the serum E2 concentration is very low (<10 pg/mL) in prepubertal girls. Accordingly, many efforts to develop a sensitive method of detection and quantification of E2 in human serum have been made. Nonetheless, current clinical detection methods are insufficient for accurate assessment of E2 at low concentrations (<10 pg/mL). Thus, there is an urgent need for new technologies with efficient and sensitive detection of E2 for use in routine clinical diagnostics. In this study, we introduce a new E2 assay technique using a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based detection method. The SERS-based assay was performed with 30 blood samples to assess its clinical feasibility, and the results were compared with data obtained using the ARCHITECT chemiluminescence immunoassay. Whereas the commercial assay system was unable to quantify serum levels of E2 lower than 10 pg/mL, the limit of detection of E2 using the novel SERS-based assay described in this study was 0.65 pg/mL. Thus, the proposed SERS-based assay has a strong potential to be a valuable tool in the early diagnosis of precocious puberty due to its excellent analytical sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bionano Technology, Hanayng University , Ansan 426-791, South Korea.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Bionano Technology, Hanayng University , Ansan 426-791, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyangah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chon
authors.affiliation: Department of Bionano Technology, Hanayng University , Ansan 426-791, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sangyeop
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Bionano Technology, Hanayng University , Ansan 426-791, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ziyi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: EOne Laboratories , Songdo 406-840, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: EOne Laboratories , Songdo 406-840, South Korea.
authors.forename: Young Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Bionano Technology, Hanayng University , Ansan 426-791, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jaebum
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choo
mesh_terms: D004958:Estradiol; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay; D011629:Puberty, Precocious; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman
chemical_list: D004958:Estradiol
keywords: 17 β-estradiol (E2); clinical diagnosis; immunoassay; precocious puberty; surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)