title: Fish oil enhances intestinal barrier function and inhibits corticotropin-releasing hormone/corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 signalling pathway in weaned pigs after lipopolysaccharide challenge.
abstract: Stress induces injury in intestinal barrier function in piglets. Long-chain n-3 PUFA have been shown to exhibit potential immunomodulatory and barrier protective effects in animal models and clinical trials. In addition, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)/CRH receptor (CRHR) signalling pathways play an important role in stress-induced alterations of intestinal barrier function. We hypothesised that fish oil could affect intestinal barrier function and CRH/CRHR signalling pathways. In total, thirty-two weaned pigs were allocated to one of four treatments. The experiment consisted of a 2×2 factorial design, and the main factors included immunological challenge (saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)) and diet (5 % maize oil or 5 % fish oil). On d 19 of the trial, piglets were treated with saline or LPS. At 4 h after injection, all pigs were killed, and the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), liver, spleen and intestinal samples were collected. Fish oil decreased bacterial translocation incidence and the number of translocated micro-organisms in the MLN. Fish oil increased intestinal claudin-1 protein relative concentration and villus height, as well as improved the intestinal morphology. In addition, fish oil supplementation increased intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte number and prevented elevations in intestinal mast cell and neutrophil numbers induced by LPS challenge. Moreover, fish oil tended to decrease the mRNA expression of intestinal CRHR1, CRH and glucocorticoid receptors. These results suggest that fish oil supplementation improves intestinal barrier function and inhibits CRH/CRHR1 signalling pathway and mast cell tissue density.
authors.affiliation: Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Huiling
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yulan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shaokui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiuying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dingan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pi
authors.affiliation: Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Weibo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Leng
authors.affiliation: Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018988:Bacterial Translocation; D062445:Claudin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013552:Swine; D014886:Weaning; D000099052:CRF Receptor, Type 1
chemical_list: D062445:Claudin-1; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005395:Fish Oils; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D000099052:CRF Receptor, Type 1; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone
keywords: CRH corticotropin-releasing hormone; CRHR1 corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1; Fish oil; GR glucocorticoid receptor; HPA hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenall; IAP intestinal alkaline phosphatase; IEL intraepithelial lymphocytes; Intestinal barrier function; LPS lipopolysaccharide; Lipopolysaccharides; MLN mesenteric lymph nodes; Weaned pigs