title: [General concepts and pathogenesis of the spondyloarthropathies].
abstract: The spondyloarthritides are a group of interrelated diseases with a close association with the HLA-B27 antigen that share many common articular and extra-articular features. This paper summarizes the different classification criteria that are currently in use. While the exact pathogenesis of these diseases is not yet clearly elucidated, there are a number of hypotheses relating to HLA-B27, modifications of the microbiome and biomechanical stresses. This in turn leads to upregulation of various proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-17, IL-22 and IL-23, which results in further inflammation and osteoproliferation.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Nissen
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D015796:HLA-B27 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000097:blood; D053759:Interleukin-23 / Q000097:blood; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D025242:Spondylarthropathies / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D000097043:Interleukin-22
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D015796:HLA-B27 Antigen; D020381:Interleukin-17; D053759:Interleukin-23; D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000097043:Interleukin-22