title: Predictive value of ceruloplasmin for metabolic syndrome in adolescents.
abstract: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is precisely defined and the cardiovascular risk associated with the clustering of its components has been demonstrated in adults. However, data on children and adolescents are still scarce, in part, because of difficulties in transposing the definition from adults. The identification of risk factors for the development of MetS at an early age is essential for prevention purposes with low-grade inflammation acting as a determinant for the association among the MetS components. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of the MetS with systemic markers of inflammation and ceruloplasmin in a population of adolescents. The present is a cross-sectional study whose sample population consisted of 976 adolescents, 13.2 ± 1.2 years of age. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined by ELISA. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was determined by a solid-phase chemiluminiscent immunometric assay. Ceruloplasmin was measured by immunoturbidimetry. MetS adolescents exhibited higher levels of TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, and ceruloplasmin compared to non-MetS individuals. TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP showed strong correlations with the MetS components and insulin resistance but not relevant predictive values according to ROC curves (AUC values 0.544- 0.555). In contrast, ceruloplasmin only showed significant correlations in non-Mets individuals, but exhibited a very high predictive value (AUC=0.941, P < 0.001). The determination of serum ceruloplasmin in adolescents might be a useful tool to identify patients with the highest risk of future cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Departamento De Enfermería, Facultad De Ciencias De La Salud, Universidad De Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: González-Jiménez
authors.affiliation: Departamento De Enfermería, Facultad De Ciencias De La Salud, Universidad De Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schmidt-Riovalle
authors.affiliation: Instituto De La Grasa (CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo De Olavide, Seville, 41013, Spain.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sinausía
authors.affiliation: Departamento De Fisioterapia, Facultad De Ciencias De La Salud, Universidad De Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Maríe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carmen Valenza
authors.affiliation: Instituto De La Grasa (CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo De Olavide, Seville, 41013, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Perona
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D002570:Ceruloplasmin / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002570:Ceruloplasmin
keywords: adolescents; ceruloplasmin; inflammation; metabolic syndrome; obesity