title: Aligned nanofibers direct human dermal fibroblasts to tenogenic phenotype in vitro and enhance tendon regeneration in vivo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the effect of aligned nanofibers on inducing tenogenic phenotype of human dermal fibroblasts (hDFs) in vitro and on inducing de novo tendon regeneration in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Random and aligned nanofibers were electrospun, seeded with hDFs and cultured in vitro, and in vivo implanted without cell seeding to bridge segmental defect of rat Achilles tendon.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vitro, the well-aligned nanofibers could elongate hDFs, induce a tenogenic phenotype and form better organized neotendon respectively compared with random nanofibers. In vivo, the bridged nanofibers of aligned group could better recruit host cells and regenerate Achilles tendon de novo with enhanced tenogenic gene expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aligned nanofibers could induce tenogenic phenotype in vitro and regenerate tendon in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Tissue Engineering Key Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Wenbo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Bei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Tissue Engineering Key Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.|National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Tissue Engineering Key Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.|National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Wenjie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Tissue Engineering Key Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.|National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Guangdong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Tissue Engineering Key Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.|National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Yilin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Tissue Engineering Key Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.|National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000125:Achilles Tendon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
keywords: human dermal fibroblasts; nanofibers; tendon regeneration; tenogenic transdifferentiation