title: Fertility problems and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a nationwide cohort study.
abstract: To determine whether women with a history of fertility problems have a higher risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) than women without a history of fertility problems after adjustment for maternal factors.
  
  
  
  Nationwide population-based cohort study.
  
  
  
  Not applicable.
  
  
  
  All live and stillbirths during 2004-2010 among women with fertility problems (n = 49,616) and women without fertility problems (n = 323,061) were identified by linkage between the Danish Medical Birth Registry and the Danish Infertility Cohort. Information on GDM was obtained from the Danish National Patient Registry.
  
  
  
  None.
  
  
  
  Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between fertility problems and risk of GDM after adjustment for potentially confounding factors, including maternal age, prepregnancy BMI, parity, parental history of diabetes, level of education, and smoking during pregnancy.
  
  
  
  In total, 7,433 (2%) pregnant women received a diagnosis of GDM. Multivariate analysis showed that pregnant women with a history of fertility problems had a statistically significantly higher risk of GDM than pregnant women without fertility problems. In stratified analyses, the association between fertility problems and risk of GDM attenuated with increasing age and was more pronounced among primiparous women and women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
  
  
  
  Our findings suggest that pregnant women with a history of fertility problems are at increased risk of GDM.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Virus, Lifestyle, and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Signe
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Holst
authors.affiliation: Unit of Virus, Lifestyle, and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Susanne K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kjær
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology, Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark; National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Marit E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.affiliation: Center for Pregnant Women with Diabetes, Department of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Damm
authors.affiliation: Unit of Virus, Lifestyle, and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: allan@cancer.dk.
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jensen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016014:Linear Models; D016015:Logistic Models; D008423:Maternal Age; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010298:Parity; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012042:Registries; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cohort study; Denmark; fertility problems; gestational diabetes mellitus; infertility