title: Clinical Response to IncobotulinumtoxinA, after Demonstrated Loss of Clinical Response to OnabotulinumtoxinA and RimabotulininumtoxinB in a Patient with Musician's Dystonia.
abstract: Botulinum toxin is a mainstay therapy for dystonia. Formulations available are three types of botulinumtoxinA and one type of botulinumtoxinB.1Antibodies can develop against the toxin, leading to treatment failure. IncobotulinumtoxinA (Xeomin; Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany) is differentiated from other types of botulinumtoxinA preparations by being free from complexing proteins, speculated to make the product less antigenic.2.
authors.affiliation: Human Motor Control Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Vesper Fe Marie Llaneza
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.affiliation: CNS, IRB, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Barbara I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Karp
authors.affiliation: National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Codrin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lungu
authors.affiliation: Functional and Applied Biomechanics Section, Rehabilitaion Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Mount Washington Pediatric Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
authors.forename: Katharine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Alter
authors.affiliation: Human Motor Control Section, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hallett
keywords: incobotulinumtoxinA; musician’s dystonia; onabotulinumtoxinA; rimabotulinumtoxinB