title: Effect of organic fertilizers prepared from organic waste materials on the production of antibacterial volatile organic compounds by two biocontrol Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains.
abstract: Three organic fertilizers made of different animal and plant waste materials (BOFs) were evaluated for their effects on the production of antibacterial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by two Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains SQR-9 and T-5 against the tomato wilt pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum (RS). Both strains could produce VOCs that inhibited the growth and virulence traits of RS; however, in the presence of BOFs, the production of antibacterial VOCs was significantly increased. The maximum inhibition of growth and virulence traits of RS by VOCs of T-5 and SQR-9 was determined at 1.5% BOF2 and 2% BOF3, respectively. In case of strain T-5, 2-nonanone, nonanal, xylene, benzothiazole, and butylated hydroxy toluene and in case of strain SQR-9, 2-nonanone, nonanal, xylene and 2-undecanone were the main antibacterial VOCs whose production was increased in the presence of BOFs. The results of this study reveal another significance of using organic fertilizers to improve the antagonistic activity of biocontrol agents against phytopathogens.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei Gang Road, No. 1, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Waseem
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Raza
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei Gang Road, No. 1, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei Gang Road, No. 1, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei Gang Road, No. 1, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Qiwei
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei Gang Road, No. 1, 210095, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China. Electronic address: shenqirong@njau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Qirong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000362:Agar; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000069977:Bacillus amyloliquefaciens / Q000378:metabolism*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D001704:Biopolymers / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D005308:Fertilizers; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D043368:Ralstonia solanacearum / Q000187:drug effects; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014866:Waste Products
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001704:Biopolymers; D005308:Fertilizers; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D012987:Soil; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; D014866:Waste Products; D000362:Agar
keywords: Bacterial antagonists; Bacterial growth; Pathogen; Virulence traits