title: Isolated subcutaneous implantation of a borderline ovarian tumor: A case report and review of the literature.
abstract: Laparoscopy-related tumor implantations of gynecological malignancies into the subcutaneous tissue are rarely diagnosed. We report an interesting case of a 46-year-old female who presented with an abdominal subcutaneous metastasis of a borderline ovarian tumor. The patient received a laparoscopic unilateral adnexectomy for a solid-cystic tumor of the right ovary. Histopathological workup showed a papillary borderline tumor of mucinous type. Nine days later she underwent a hysterectomy, left adnexectomy, appendectomy and omentectomy. Exploration of the peritoneum revealed no intraperitoneal implants. Further exploration showed a non-invasive implant of a borderline tumor in the subcutaneous tissue above the fascia that had no contact to the peritoneum. It is hypothesized that tumor cells may have been implanted during a previous laparoscopy, the most recent of which had been fourteen years prior to her current presentation. Various risk factors for port-site malignancies have been identified. Tumor manipulation and extraction of tumor tissue without a protective bag may contribute to development of trocar-site metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Malgorzata Banys-Paluchowski, Borsu Yeganeh, Ruediger Langenberg, Holger Maul, Gerhard Gebauer, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marienkrankenhaus Hamburg, 22087 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Banys-Paluchowski
authors.affiliation: Malgorzata Banys-Paluchowski, Borsu Yeganeh, Ruediger Langenberg, Holger Maul, Gerhard Gebauer, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marienkrankenhaus Hamburg, 22087 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Borsu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yeganeh
authors.affiliation: Malgorzata Banys-Paluchowski, Borsu Yeganeh, Ruediger Langenberg, Holger Maul, Gerhard Gebauer, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marienkrankenhaus Hamburg, 22087 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jutta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luettges
authors.affiliation: Malgorzata Banys-Paluchowski, Borsu Yeganeh, Ruediger Langenberg, Holger Maul, Gerhard Gebauer, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marienkrankenhaus Hamburg, 22087 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Achim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maibach
authors.affiliation: Malgorzata Banys-Paluchowski, Borsu Yeganeh, Ruediger Langenberg, Holger Maul, Gerhard Gebauer, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marienkrankenhaus Hamburg, 22087 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ruediger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Langenberg
authors.affiliation: Malgorzata Banys-Paluchowski, Borsu Yeganeh, Ruediger Langenberg, Holger Maul, Gerhard Gebauer, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marienkrankenhaus Hamburg, 22087 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Krawczyk
authors.affiliation: Malgorzata Banys-Paluchowski, Borsu Yeganeh, Ruediger Langenberg, Holger Maul, Gerhard Gebauer, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marienkrankenhaus Hamburg, 22087 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Paluchowski
authors.affiliation: Malgorzata Banys-Paluchowski, Borsu Yeganeh, Ruediger Langenberg, Holger Maul, Gerhard Gebauer, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marienkrankenhaus Hamburg, 22087 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maul
authors.affiliation: Malgorzata Banys-Paluchowski, Borsu Yeganeh, Ruediger Langenberg, Holger Maul, Gerhard Gebauer, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marienkrankenhaus Hamburg, 22087 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gebauer
keywords: Borderline tumor of the ovary; Laparoscopy; Subcutaneous metastasis; Tumor implantation