title: SFE/SFHTA/AFCE consensus on primary aldosteronism, part 1: Epidemiology of PA, who should be screened for sporadic PA?
abstract: Depending on the study, the prevalence of primary aldosteronism (PA) in patients with hypertension varies from 6 to 18%. Prevalence is higher in each of the following conditions, any one of which requires screening for PA: severe hypertension (systolic blood pressure [BP]≥180mmHg and/or diastolic BP≥110mmHg); resistant hypertension (systolic BP≥140mmHg and/or diastolic BP≥90mmHg despite adherence to a tritherapy including a thiazide diuretic); hypertension associated with hypokalemia (either spontaneous or associated with a diuretic); Hypertension or hypokalemia associated with adrenal incidentaloma. It should be borne in mind that PA can induce hypertension without hypokalemia or, less frequently, hypokalemia without hypertension. Finally, as cardiovascular and renal morbidity in PA is greater than in essential hypertension of equivalent level, screening for PA is indicated when cardiovascular or renal morbidity is more severe than predicted from BP level.
authors.affiliation: Service de cardiologie, groupe hospitalier mutualiste, 38028 Grenoble, France. Electronic address: jp.baguet@ghm-grenoble.fr.
authors.forename: Jean-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Baguet
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine interne, hôpital Tenon, 75020 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Steichen
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine vasculaire et hypertension artérielle, centre hospitalier universitaire, 59037 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mounier-Véhier
authors.affiliation: Service de cardiologie/hypertension, CHU, 33075 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gosse
mesh_terms: D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006929:Hyperaldosteronism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007008:Hypokalemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D009017:Morbidity; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Adrenal incidentaloma; Cardiovascular morbidity; Hyperaldostéronisme primaire; Hypertension résistante; Hypertension sévère; Hypokalemia; Hypokaliémie; Incidentalome surrénalien; Morbidité cardiovasculaire; Primary aldosteronism; Resistant hypertension; Severe hypertension