title: Indications for adult circumcision: a contemporary analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Circumcision is the most common surgical procedure performed worldwide. However, there is a dearth of literature regarding medical indications for adult circumcisions. Here, we describe our experience with adult circumcision and contemporary demographics, indications and complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed all circumcisions performed in our institution between July 2008 and January 2015. Patient demographics, procedure indications and postoperative complications were recorded, and patients were grouped by age as either less than 50 years old or 50 years and older.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 202 charts were reviewed. The most common indications for circumcision were phimosis (46.5%), dyspareunia (17.8%), balanitis (14.4%), and concurrent phimosis and balanitis (8.9%). Older patients were more likely to undergo circumcision for concurrent phimosis and balanitis or cancer, whereas younger patients sought circumcision for dyspareunia. The complication rate was 3.5% and there was no significant difference in complication rates between the two age groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Circumcision is performed in the adult population for a variety of reasons. Circumcision remains a safe surgical option for patient management with a low complication rate.
authors.affiliation: The Smith Institute for Urology, NorthShore-LIJ Health System, New Hyde Park, New York USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Siev
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keheila
authors.forename: Piruz
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Motamedinia
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001446:Balanitis / Q000601:surgery*; D002944:Circumcision, Male; D004414:Dyspareunia / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009518:New York / Q000453:epidemiology; D010688:Phimosis / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014505:Urban Population