title: Variation in prevalence and patterns of peripherally inserted central catheter use in adults hospitalized with pneumonia.
abstract: Although peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are often used in adults hospitalized with pneumonia, patterns related to PICC use in this context are unknown.
  
  
  
  Premier's inpatient database was used to identify patients hospitalized with pneumonia between July 1, 2007 and November 30, 2011. PICC placement was identified via billing codes. Generalized estimating equations were used to identify factors associated with PICC placement. Hospital risk-standardized rates of PICC insertion were estimated using hierarchical generalized linear models.
  
  
  
  There were 545,250 patients (median age: 71 years; range: 57-82 years) included. A total of 41,849 (7.7%) patients received a PICC during hospitalization (median receipt: hospital day 4). PICC recipients were younger (median age: 69 years), had higher levels of comorbidity (Gagne score median: 4 vs 2) and were more often diagnosed with healthcare-associated pneumonia (43.1% vs 29.9%) than those who did not receive PICCs. The 3 patient variables most associated with PICC receipt included weight loss (odds ratio [OR]: 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.97-2.10), sepsis on admission (OR: 1.80, 95%CI: 1.75-1.85), and intensive care unit status on hospital day 1 or 2 (OR: 1.70, 95%CI: 1.64-1.75). Compared to internal medicine, admission by geriatricians and critical care physicians was associated with PICC placement (OR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.62-2.03 and OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.05-1.24, respectively). Risk-standardized rates of PICC utilization varied from 0.3% to 41.7%. Nearly 70% of the variability in PICC use could not be explained by available data.
  
  
  
  In adults hospitalized with pneumonia, PICC use appears directed towards those with severe illness and varies substantially between hospitals. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2016;11:568-575. © 2016 Society of Hospital Medicine.
authors.affiliation: The Patient Safety Enhancement Program, Ann Arbor VA Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan.|Department of General Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Vineet
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chopra
authors.affiliation: Center for Quality of Care Research, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Aruna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Priya
authors.affiliation: Center for Quality of Care Research, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts.|The School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachussets, Amherst.
authors.forename: Penelope S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Pekow
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Department of General Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Flanders
authors.affiliation: Center for Quality of Care Research, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts.|Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, School of Public Health & Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA.
authors.forename: Peter K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Lindenauer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral / Q000379:methods*; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D018805:Sepsis