title: Extracellular microRNA-21 and microRNA-26a increase in body fluids from rats with antigen induced pulmonary inflammation and children with recurrent wheezing.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aims to find out whether extracellular miRNAs is implicated in recurrent childhood wheezing with asthmatic risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and forty children of Chinese Han population were recruited for this study. Plasma and intracellular miRNAs from children with recurrent wheezing and rats with antigen induced pulmonary inflammation (AIPI) were detected by using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Differential leukocytes in blood were automatically counted. Total IgE was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical implication in diagnosis was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The increase of plasma miR-21 and miR-26a was screened out from 11 candidate miRNAs and validated in wheezing children. The level of expression for both miRNAs were comparable in different age and gender. Plasma miR-21 was more preferable to miR-26a and total IgE for diagnosis. Plasma miR-21 and miR-26a levels were not significantly correlated with various leukocyte counts or miRNA expression in blood cells. In acute and chronic AIPI rats, miR-21 levels increased in both plasma and lavaged lung compared with control. Moreover, circulating miR-21 and miR-26a levels were highly positively correlated with infiltrated cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of AIPI rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Circulating miR-21 and miR-26a increase in wheezing children and AIPI rats. This not only manifests their strong clinical implication in recurrent childhood wheezing with asthma risk, but also provides novel insights into the role of extracellular miRNAs during development of airway inflammation and recurrent wheezing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, West Yanta Road No.76, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.|Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
authors.forename: Congshan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xi'an Children Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
authors.forename: Hongchuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, West Yanta Road No.76, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.|Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
authors.forename: Qingzhu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, West Yanta Road No.76, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.|Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
authors.forename: Wenhua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, West Yanta Road No.76, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.|Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Bone and Joint Diseases, Xi'an Honghui Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, West Yanta Road No.76, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.|Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, West Yanta Road No.76, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.|Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaoying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, West Yanta Road No.76, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.|Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
authors.forename: Xudong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, West Yanta Road No.76, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China. mengliesu@gmail.com.|Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China. mengliesu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Liesu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, West Yanta Road No.76, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China. lushemin@mail.xjtu.edu.cn.|Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China. lushemin@mail.xjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shemin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology / Q000633:toxicity; D044466:Asian People; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology / Q000633:toxicity; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D051381:Rats; D012008:Recurrence; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014797:Vital Capacity
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D035683:MicroRNAs; D010047:Ovalbumin; C524940:MIRN21 microRNA, human; C556274:MIRN26 microRNA, rat; C528163:MIRN26 microRNA, human; C546082:mirn21 microRNA, rat
keywords: Animal model; Antigen induced pulmonary inflammation; Childhood wheezing; Extracellular miRNA