title: Selenium Incorporated Cationic Organochalcogen: Live Cell Compatible and Highly Photostable Molecular Stain for Imaging and Localization of Intracellular DNA.
abstract: Successful integration of selenium unit into a newly designed cationic chemical architecture led to the development of a highly photostable molecular maker PA5 to be used in fluorescence microscopy as cellular nucleus staining agent for longer duration imaging under continuous laser illumination. Adaptation of a targeted single-atom modification strategy led to the development of a series of proficient DNA light-up probes (PA1-PA5). Further, their comparative photophysical studies in the presence of DNA revealed the potential of electron rich heteroatoms of chalcogen family in improving binding efficiency and specificity of molecular probes toward DNA. The findings of cell studies confirmed the outstanding cell compatibility of probe PA5 in terms of cell permeability, biostability, and extremely low cytotoxicity. Moreover, the photostability experiment employing continuous laser illumination in solution phase as well as in cell assay (both fixed and live cells) revealed the admirable photobleaching resistance of PA5. Finally, while investigating the phototoxicity of PA5, the probe was found not to exhibit light-induced toxicity even when irradiated for longer duration. All these experimental results demonstrated the promising standing of PA5 as a futuristic cell compatible potential stain for bioimaging and temporal profiling of DNA.
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi , Mandi 175001, Himachal Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Pankaj
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gaur
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research , Chandigarh, 160012, India.
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi , Mandi 175001, Himachal Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Gourab
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dey
authors.affiliation: UGC Centre of Excellence in Applications of Nanomaterials, Nanoparticles & Nanocomposites, Panjab University , Chandigarh 160014, India.
authors.forename: Rajendra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research , Chandigarh, 160012, India.
authors.forename: Shalmoli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhattacharyya
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi , Mandi 175001, Himachal Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Subrata
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghosh
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006801:Humans; D042541:Intracellular Space; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D038761:Photobleaching; D012643:Selenium
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D004247:DNA; D012643:Selenium
keywords: DNA detection; cell imaging; fluorescence microscopy; nuclear stain; selenium organochalcogen