title: Dentoskeletal and Soft Tissue Effects in the Treatment of Class II Malocclusion with Klammt's Elastic Open Activator.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dentoskeletal and soft tissue effects resulting from treatment with Klammt's elastic open activator (EOA) functional orthopedic appliance in patients with Class II malocclusion characterized by mandibular deficiency.
  
  
  METHODS
  Teleradiographs were evaluated in the lateral aspect of the initial (T1) and final (T2) orthopedic phases for 16 patients with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion. The age range was from 9 to 11.2 years, with a mean age of 9.9 years. The cephalometric points were demarcated, and cephalometric measurements were obtained by the same investigator to avoid interobserver variability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The EOA promoted increased lower anterior facial height (LAFH), increased effective mandibular length, clockwise rotation of the mandible, retrusion and verticalization of the upper incisors, proclination and protrusion of the lower incisors, extrusion of the upper molars, mesial movement of the lower molars and anterior projection of the lower lip.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Skeletal changes characterized by an increase in mandibular length and dentoalveolar changes with an emphasis on the verticalization and retrusion of the upper incisors, proclination of the lower incisors and mesial positioning of the lower molars were key to improving the occlusal relationship and esthetic facial factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The EOA is well indicated in patients with Class II malocclusion due to mandibular deficiency with increased overbite, proclined upper incisors and verticalized lower incisors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of São Paulo City São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sheila Marques
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Inamassu-Lemes
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Orthodontics, University of São Paulo City São Paulo, Brazil 03071000, Phone: +551121781310, e-mail: acaciofuziy@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Acácio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fuziy
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of São Paulo City São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: André Luiz Ferreira
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of São Paulo City São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Eduardo Guedes
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of São Paulo City São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Carla Raphaelli
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Nahás-Scocate
mesh_terms: D000202:Activator Appliances; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy*; D008334:Mandible
keywords: Activator; Carvalho PEG; Cephalogram; Class II malocclusion; Costa ALF; Fuziy A; Nahas-Scocate ACR. Dentoskeletal and Soft Tissue Effects in the Treatment of Class II Malocclusion with Klammt's Elastic Open Activator. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(1):63-69. Source of support: Nil Conflicts of Interest: None declared.; Orthopedic appliance. How to cite this article: Inamassu-Lemes SM