title: Association of Diabetes and Prognosis of Minor Stroke and Its Subtypes: A Prospective Observational Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and prognosis of minor stroke is unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate whether DM contributes to the prognosis of minor stroke or its specific subtype.
  
  
  METHODS
  All minor ischemic stroke patients were derived from the China National Stroke Registry and classified into 5 subtypes according to the TOAST (Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment) criteria. DM was defined as either self-reported physician diagnosis of diabetes or use of hypoglycemic medications during hospitalization or at discharge. Patients were followed up for 1 year for clinical outcomes of recurrent stroke, death and functional outcome. Poor functional outcomes were defined as a score of 2-6 for modified Rankin Score. Associations between DM and prognosis of minor stroke and its subtypes were analyzed by univariable and multivariable logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 4,548 patients with minor stroke, 1,230(27.0%) patients had DM, 1,038(22.8%) had poor outcomes and 570(13.0%) of 4,401 patients had recurrent stroke at 1 year. In multivariable analyses, DM were significantly associated with 1-year stroke recurrence (Odds Ratio [OR], 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-1.59) and poor outcome (OR, 1.51; 95%CI: 1.28-1.77). Among the subtypes of minor stroke, DM was only significantly associated with 1-year stroke recurrence (OR, 1.63; 95%CI: 1.07-2.50) and poor outcome (OR, 1.73; 95%CI: 1.22-2.45) in the small-artery occlusion subtype.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DM significantly increased the risk of stroke recurrence and poor outcome in the small-artery occlusion subtype, but not in other subtypes of minor stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.|Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yuesong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.|China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.|Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yongjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.|China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.|Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Herbert Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Gaisano
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.|China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.|Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yilong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.|Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002681:China; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood / Q000145:classification*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood / Q000145:classification* / Q000150:complications*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose