title: Phytochemical composition and in vitro anti-tumour activities of selected tomato varieties.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies indicated that tomato is a rich source of phytochemicals that act on different tumours. In this research, the phytochemical composition of selected tomato varieties was assessed by GLC and UHPLC/HPLC-MS, as well as their anti-tumour activities on HT-29 colorectal cancer cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences were found among tomato varieties; lycopene was high in Racimo, phenolics in Pera, sterols in Cherry, and linoleic acid predominated in all varieties. The MTT and LDH assays showed significant time- and concentration-dependent inhibitory/cytotoxic effects of all tomato varieties on HT-29 cells. Furthermore, the joint addition of tomato carotenoids and olive oil to HT-29 cell cultures induced inhibitory effects significantly higher than those obtained from each of them acting separately, while no actions were exercised in CCD-18 normal cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tomato fruits constitute a healthy source of phytochemicals, although differences exist among varieties. In vitro, all of them inhibit colorectal cancer cell proliferation with Racimo variety at the top, and exercising a selective action on cancer cells by considering the lack of effects on CCD-18 cells. Furthermore, synergy was observed between olive oil and tomato carotenoids in inhibiting HT-29 cancer cell proliferation; conversely, phenolics showed no significant effects and hindered carotenoids actions. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Food Technology Division, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, University of Almería, E-04071, Almería, Spain.
authors.forename: Rebeca P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Ramos-Bueno
authors.affiliation: Research Group 'Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants', Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04071, Almeria, Spain.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Romero-González
authors.affiliation: Food Technology Division, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, University of Almería, E-04071, Almería, Spain.
authors.forename: María J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: González-Fernández
authors.affiliation: Food Technology Division, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, University of Almería, E-04071, Almería, Spain.
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Guil-Guerrero
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077276:Lycopene; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D000069463:Olive Oil / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000975:Antioxidants; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010636:Phenols; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010840:Phytosterols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002338:Carotenoids; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D000077276:Lycopene
keywords: HT-29 cancer cells; Lycopersicum esculentum; Mediterranean diet; carotenoids; cytotoxicity; fatty acids; olive oil; phenolics; sterols; tomato varieties