title: Moderate influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation with A(H3N2) and A(H1N1) influenza in 2013-14: Results from the InNHOVE network.
abstract: We conducted a multicentre test negative case control study to estimate the 2013-14 influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) against hospitalised laboratory confirmed influenza in 12 hospitals in France, Italy and Spain. We included all ≥18 years hospitalised patients targeted by local influenza vaccination campaign reporting an influenza-like illness within 7 days before admission. We defined as cases patients RT-PCR positive for influenza and as controls those negative for all influenza virus. We used a logistic regression to calculate IVE adjusted for country, month of onset, chronic diseases and age. We included 104 A(H1N1)pdm09, 157 A(H3N2) cases and 585 controls. The adjusted IVE was 42.8% (95%CI: 6.3;65;0) against A(H1N1)pdm09. It was respectively 61.4% (95%CI: -1.9;85.4), 39.4% (95%CI: -32.2;72.2) and 19.7% (95%CI:-148.1;74.0) among patients aged 18-64, 65-79 and ≥80 years. The adjusted IVE against A(H3N2) was 38.1% (95%CI: 8.3;58.2) overall. It was respectively 7.8% (95%CI: -145.3;65.4), 25.6% (95%CI: -36.0;59.2) and 55.2% (95%CI: 15.4;76.3) among patients aged 18-64, 65-79 and ≥80 years. These results suggest a moderate and age varying effectiveness of the 2013-14 influenza vaccine to prevent hospitalised laboratory-confirmed influenza. While vaccination remains the most effective prevention measure, developing more immunogenic influenza vaccines is needed to prevent severe outcomes among target groups.
authors.affiliation: a Epicon0063ept , Paris , France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rondy
authors.affiliation: b Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública , Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Castilla
authors.affiliation: c Inserm, CIC 1417 and F-CRIN, Innovative clinical research network in vaccinologie (I-REIVAC), Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cité ; Paris , France.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Launay
authors.affiliation: d Department of Epidemiology and Prevention , IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli (Isernia) , Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Costanzo
authors.affiliation: e Service of Clinical Microbiology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, IdiSNA , Pamplona , Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ezpeleta
authors.affiliation: f CHRU de Montpellier, Inserm, CIC 1411 and REIVAC , Montpellier , France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Galtier
authors.affiliation: g Department of Infectious Disease , Catholic University , Rome , Italy .
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: de Gaetano Donati
authors.affiliation: a Epicon0063ept , Paris , France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moren
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005062:European Union; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D053122:Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology*; D007558:Italy; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D012621:Seasons; D018571:Sentinel Surveillance; D013030:Spain; D014611:Vaccination; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007252:Influenza Vaccines
keywords: Influenza; Influenza vaccine; case control studies; hospital; multicentre studies