title: Comparison between continuous and discontinuous incremental treadmill test to assess velocity at V̇O2max.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The velocity associated with maximum aerobic power (vV̇O2max) is an important physiological parameter, which is utilized to determine relative workloads on the field. The testing modality adopted to evaluate it, though, may cause differences in vV̇O2max assessment and, in turn, in training intensity. The aim of the study was to compare two different testing modalities (continuous incremental ramp and discontinuous square wave (SW) protocols) for vV̇O2max assessment on the treadmill.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen physically active participants performed three maximum incremental tests on a treadmill: two continuous ramp protocols, with different ramp slopes (R1, 1 km/h every minute; and R2, 1 km/h every 2 minutes), and one discontinuous SW protocol, in random order, for maximum oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) and vV̇O2max determination. Cardiorespiratory and metabolic parameters were collected breath-by-breath at rest and during exercise.
  
  
  RESULTS
  vV̇O2max was significantly higher in R1 and R2 compared to SW (20.7±0.5, 18.6±0.4, 16.8±0.6 km/h for R1, R2, and SW, respectively; P<0.001). No significant differences were found among protocols for V̇O2max (56.7±1.1, 57.0±1.2, and 56.6±1.2 mL/min/kg for SW, R1, R2, respectively) as well as for expiratory ventilation, carbon dioxide production, blood lactate concentration, and heart rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In spite of similar V̇O2max values, vV̇O2max was higher during continuous incremental ramp tests compared to SW possibly due to the longer time for cardiorespiratory and metabolic adjustments, suggesting different aerobic and anaerobic metabolism involvement. The differences among protocols should be considered when vV̇O2max is used for training purposes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health (SCIBIS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riboli
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health (SCIBIS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Emiliano
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cè
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health (SCIBIS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rampichini
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health (SCIBIS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Venturelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health (SCIBIS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Giampietro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alberti
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health (SCIBIS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Eloisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Limonta
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health (SCIBIS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.|Center of Sports Medicine, Don Gnocchi Foundation, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Arsenio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Veicsteinas
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health (SCIBIS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy - fabio.esposito@unimi.it.|Center of Sports Medicine, Don Gnocchi Foundation, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Esposito
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid