title: The influence of exercise load with and without different levels of blood flow restriction on acute changes in muscle thickness and lactate.
abstract: The aim of this study was to compare exercise with and without different degrees of blood flow restriction (BFR) on acute changes in muscle thickness (MTH) and whole blood lactate (WBL). Forty participants were assigned to Experiment 1, 2 or 3. Each experiment completed protocols differing by pressure, load and/or volume. MTH and WBL were measured pre and postexercise. The acute changes in MTH appear be maximized at 30% one repetition maximum (1RM) with BFR, although the difference between 20% 1RM and 30% 1RM at the lateral site was small (0·1 versus 0·2 cm, P = 0·09). Increasing the exercise load from 20% to 30% 1RM with BFR produces clear changes in WBL (3·7 versus 5·5 mmol l-1, P<0·001). The acute changes in MTH and WBL for 30% 1RM in combination with BFR were similar to that observed with 70% 1RM and 20 and 30% to failure, albeit at a lower exercise volume. These findings may have implications for designing future studies as it suggest that exercise load (to a point) may have a greater influence on acute changes in MTH and metabolic accumulation than the applied relative pressure.
authors.affiliation: Kevser Ermin Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA.
authors.forename: Jeremy P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Loenneke
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
authors.forename: Daeyeol
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Education and Counseling, Lindenwood University-Belleville, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Fahs
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, Texas Wesleyan University, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Thiebaud
authors.affiliation: National institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Kanoya, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Larson
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
authors.forename: Debra A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bemben
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Bemben
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019344:Lactic Acid
keywords: 
  KAATSU
  ; muscle hypertrophy; muscle strength; occlusion training; vascular resistance