title: Comparison of transcriptomes of wild-type and isothiazolone-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa by using RNA-seq.
abstract: Isothiazolone biocides (such as Kathon) are widely used in a variety of industrial and domestic applications. However, the mechanisms through which bacteria develop resistance to these biocides are not completely clear. A better understanding of these mechanisms can contribute to optimal use of these biocides. In this study, transcription profiles of a Kathon-resistant strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa-R) and the wild-type strain were determined using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) with the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. RNA-Seq generated 18,657,896 sequence reads aligned to 7093 genes. In all, 1550 differently expressed genes (DEGs, log2 ratio ≥1, false discovery rate (FDR) ≤0.001) were identified, of which 482 were up-regulated and 1068 were down-regulated. Most Kathon-induced genes were involved in metabolic and cellular processes. DEGs significantly enriched nitrogen metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. In addition, Pa-R showed cross-resistance to triclosan and ciprofloxacin and showed repressed pyocyanin production. These results may improve our understanding of the resistance mechanisms of P. aeruginosa against isothiazolones, and provide insight into the development of more efficient isothiazolones.
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510070, People's Republic of China.|State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510070, People's Republic of China.|Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510070, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510070, People's Republic of China. shiqingshan@hotmail.com.|State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510070, People's Republic of China. shiqingshan@hotmail.com.|Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510070, People's Republic of China. shiqingshan@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Qing-Shan
authors.initials: QS
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510070, People's Republic of China.|State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510070, People's Republic of China.|Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510070, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Mo
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510070, People's Republic of China.|State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510070, People's Republic of China.|Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510070, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Bao
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000187:drug effects*; D014260:Triclosan / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004202:Disinfectants; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D013844:Thiazoles; D014260:Triclosan; D002939:Ciprofloxacin
keywords: Isothiazolones; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pyocyanin production; RNA-Seq technique; Transcriptomic analysis