Enrichment of microbial communities tolerant to the ionic liquids tetrabutylphosphonium chloride and tributylethylphosphonium diethylphosphate.
The aims of this study were to identify thermophilic microbial communities that degrade green waste in the presence of the ionic liquids (IL) tetrabutylphosphonium chloride and tributylethylphosphonium diethylphosphate and examine preservation methods for IL-tolerant communities. High-solids incubations with stepwise increases in IL concentration were conducted to enrich for thermophilic IL-tolerant communities that decomposed green waste. 16S rRNA sequencing of enriched communities revealed microorganisms capable of tolerating high levels of IL. Cryogenic preservation of enriched communities reduced the IL tolerance of the community and decreased the relative abundance of IL-tolerant organisms. The use of cryoprotectants did not have an effect on microbial activity on green waste of the stored community. A successful approach was developed to enrich communities that decompose green waste in thermophilic high-solids environments in the presence of IL. Alternative community storage and revival methods are necessary for maintenance and recovery of IL-tolerant communities. The enriched communities provide a targeted source of enzymes for the bioconversion of IL-pretreated green waste for conversion to biofuels.
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Sara
S
Pace
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Shannon J
SJ
Ceballos
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Duff
D
Harrold
Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94551, USA.
Whitney
W
Stannard
Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA.|Biological and Materials Science Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, 94551, USA.
Blake A
BA
Simmons
Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA.|Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
Steven W
SW
Singer
Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94551, USA.|Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA.
Michael P
MP
Thelen
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. jsvander@ucdavis.edu.|Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA. jsvander@ucdavis.edu.
Jean S
JS
VanderGheynst
D056804:Biofuels; D018533:Biomass; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D007093:Imidazoles; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059013:Microbial Consortia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods
D056804:Biofuels; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D007093:Imidazoles; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; C050172:tetrabutylphosphonium
Bioenergy; High-solids; Microbial communities; Phosphonium ionic liquids; Pretreatment; Storage