Lower Eyelid Blepharoplasty.
The goal of lower eyelid blepharoplasty is to rejuvenate the lower lid while maintaining a natural, unoperated appearance. Successful lower eyelid blepharoplasty depends on knowledge of the anatomy and surgical techniques, accurate preoperative analysis, and attention to detail. Common issues of the lower eyelid such as malar descent, tear trough deformity, pseudoherniated fat, lid laxity, and skin texture changes as well as dermatochalasis and festoons must be recognized. Specific techniques to address these include transcutaneous and transconjunctival approaches, fat excision, fat transposition, orbicularis suspension, lateral canthal tightening, malar suspension, and skin excision/resurfacing.
Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolarynogology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. Electronic address: Branhamg@wustl.edu.
Gregory H
GH
Branham
D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques; D004954:Esthetics; D005138:Eyebrows / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005143:Eyelids / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery*; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D012060:Rejuvenation; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods
Deramtochalasis; Festoon; Lower lid laxity; Orbital retaining ligament; Pseudoherniated fat; Tear trough deformity; Transconjunctival blepharoplasty; Transcutaneous blepharoplasty