High performance curcumin subcritical water extraction from turmeric (Curcuma longa L.).
Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric rhizome, which consists about 2-5% of the total rhizome content and is a more valuable component of turmeric. For reducing the drawbacks of conventional extraction (using organic solvents) of curcumin, the water as a clean solvent was used for extracting curcumin. Subcritical water extraction (SWE) experimental setup was fabricated in a laboratory scale and the influences of some parameters (e.g. extraction temperature, particle size, retention time and pressure) on the yield of extraction were investigated. Optimum extraction conditions such as SWE pressure of 10bar, extractive temperature of 140°C, particle size of 0.71mm and retention time of 14min were defined. The maximum amount of curcumin extracted at the optimum condition was 3.8wt%. The yield of curcumin extraction was more than 76wt% with regards to the maximum possible curcumin content of turmeric, as known to be 5%. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images from the outer surface of turmeric, before and after extraction, clearly demonstrated the effect of each parameter; changes in porosity and hardness of turmeric that is directly related to the amount of extracted curcumin in process optimization of the extraction parameters.
Biotechnology Research Lab, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran.
Mohammad
M
Valizadeh Kiamahalleh
Biotechnology Research Lab, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran. Electronic address: najafpour8@yahoo.com.
Ghasem
G
Najafpour-Darzi
Biotechnology Research Lab, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran.
Mostafa
M
Rahimnejad
Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Ali Akbar
AA
Moghadamnia
School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA5005, Australia.
Meisam
M
Valizadeh Kiamahalleh
D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D030024:Curcuma / Q000737:chemistry*; D003474:Curcumin / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010316:Particle Size; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
D010936:Plant Extracts; D014867:Water; D003474:Curcumin
Curcumin; Extraction; Solvent free; Subcritical water; Turmeric