Family income per capita, age, and smoking status are predictors of low fiber intake in residents of São Paulo, Brazil.
We hypothesized that dietary total fiber intake may be less than recommendations and that the intake of total, soluble, and insoluble fiber may be associated with demographic, lifestyle, and socioeconomic factors. Data were drawn from the Health Survey of São Paulo, a cross-sectional population-based study. Adolescents, adults, and elderly persons living in São Paulo city were included. Demographic, lifestyle, and anthropometric data were collected from households. Dietary intake was measured using two 24-hour dietary recalls. All analyses were conducted based on the sample design of the study. The proportion of individuals who met the adequate intake (AI) for total fiber intake was examined, and foods that contributed to the intake of fiber and fractions were evaluated. The relationship of total, soluble, and insoluble fiber intake with demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle characteristics was determined using multiple linear regression models. A low proportion of individuals met the AI for dietary fiber. The foods that most contributed to total fiber intake were beans, French bread, and rice. Total fiber intake was negatively associated with former and current smokers and positively associated with family income per capita and age. Soluble fiber intake was negatively associated with current smokers and positively associated with female sex, age, and family income per capita. Insoluble fiber intake was negatively associated with former or current smokers and positively associated with age. In summary, residents in the city of São Paulo had a low fiber intake, and demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors were associated with dietary fiber and intake of its fractions.
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira Cesar, 01246-904 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: paula.victoria@gmail.com.
Paula Victória Félix Dos
PV
Santos
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira Cesar, 01246-904 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: cristianehermes@yahoo.com.br.
Cristiane Hermes
CH
Sales
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira Cesar, 01246-904 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: diva.nutricao@gmail.com.
Diva Aliete Santos
DA
Vieira
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira Cesar, 01246-904 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: marianefontanelli@gmail.com.
Mariane
M
de Mello Fontanelli
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira Cesar, 01246-904 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: dirce.marchioni@gmail.com.
Dirce Maria
DM
Marchioni
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira Cesar, 01246-904 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: rfisberg@usp.br.
Regina Mara
RM
Fisberg
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001938:Brazil; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
Cross-sectional studies; Dietary fiber; Health surveys; Lifestyle; Socioeconomic factors