Adjuvant I-131 Lipiodol After Resection or Radiofrequency Ablation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
High rates of recurrence have been observed after curative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The main aim of this study was to establish the influence of adjuvant transarterial radioembolization-based I-131 lipiodol on survival and recurrence.



Between 2004 and 2010, 38 patients were treated with adjuvant I-131 lipiodol therapy, at a dosage of 2220 MBq, within 4 months after surgery. This treated cohort was compared to a control cohort consisting of 42 consecutive patients operated prior to the time the I-131 lipiodol treatment became available.



Recurrence-free survival in the control and in the I-131 lipiodol cohort was 12.6 and 18.7 months, respectively (HR = 1.871, p = 0.025). At 2 and 5 years, the cumulative incidence of a first recurrence or death was, respectively, 50 % and 61 % in the treated cohort versus 69 % and 74 % in the control cohort. Median overall survival was 55 and 29 months, respectively (p = 0.051). Among patients with a recurrence at 2 years, more patients had already experienced such recurrence at 1 year in the control cohort (70 % vs 33 %, p = 0.014).



Adjuvant I-131 lipiodol improves disease-free survival in patients with HCC.
Department of Digestive Surgery, Rouen University Hospital-Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France. lilian.schwarz@gmail.com.
Lilian
L
Schwarz
Department of Biostatistics, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France.
Michael
M
Bubenheim
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Henri Becquerel Center and Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France.
Isabelle
I
Gardin
Department of Digestive Surgery, Rouen University Hospital-Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France.
Emmanuel
E
Huet
Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France.
Ghassan
G
Riachi
Department of Radiology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France.
Erick
E
Clavier
Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France.
Odile
O
Goria
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Henri Becquerel Center and Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France.
Pierre
P
Vera
Department of Digestive Surgery, Rouen University Hospital-Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France.
Michel
M
Scotté
D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000628:therapy*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004998:Ethiodized Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D015996:Survival Rate
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D004998:Ethiodized Oil