Non-infectious Pulmonary Diseases and HIV.
Pulmonary complications remain among the most frequent causes of morbidity and mortality for individuals with HIV despite the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and improvement in its efficacy and availability. The prevalence of non-infectious pulmonary diseases is rising in this population, reflecting both an increase in smoking and the independent risk associated with HIV. The unique mechanisms of pulmonary disease in these patients remain poorly understood, and direct effects of HIV, genetic predisposition, inflammatory pathways, and co-infections have all been implicated. Lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pulmonary hypertension are the most prevalent non-infectious pulmonary diseases in persons with HIV, and the risk of each of these diseases is higher among HIV-infected (HIV+) persons than in the general population. This review discusses the latest advances in the literature on these important complications of HIV infection.
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. mtriplette@medicine.washington.edu.
M
M
Triplette
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
K
K
Crothers
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
E F
EF
Attia
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D060085:Coinfection; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000821:virology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D015995:Prevalence; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents
ART; Antiretroviral therapy; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Complications; Genetic predisposition; Pulmonary complications; Pulmonary disease; Review