New immune cells in spondyloarthritis: Key players or innocent bystanders?
The central role of the inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-23, and IL-17 in the disease pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis (SpA) is unquestionable, given the strong efficacy of anti-cytokine therapeutics used in the treatment of SpA patients. These cytokines are produced by a diverse range of immune cells, some extending beyond the typical spectrum of lineage-defined subsets. Recently, a number of specialized cells, such as innate-like T-cells, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and natural killer receptor (NKR)-expressing T cells, have been marked to be involved in SpA pathology. In this chapter, we will elaborate on the unique characteristics of these particular immune subsets and critically evaluate their potential contribution to SpA disease, taking into account their role in joint and gut pathology.
Laboratory for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address: koen.venken@ugent.be.
Koen
K
Venken
Laboratory for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address: dirk.elewaut@ugent.be.
Dirk
D
Elewaut
D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000276:immunology; D025241:Spondylarthritis / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology
D016207:Cytokines; D020381:Interleukin-17; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
HLA-B27; Innate lymphoid cells; KIR3DL2; KLRG1; MAIT; RORγt(+); Spondyloarthritis; iNKT