Bactericidal Effect of a Photoresponsive Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Nonwoven against Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms.
Staphylococcus aureus is a leading pathogen in skin and skin structure infections, including surgical and traumatic infections that are associated with biofilm formation. Because biofilm formation is accompanied by high phenotypic resistance of the embedded bacteria, they are almost impossible to eradicate by conventional antibiotics. Therefore, alternative therapeutic strategies are of high interest. We generated nanostructured hybrid nonwovens via the electrospinning of a photoresponsive carbon monoxide (CO)-releasing molecule [CORM-1, Mn2(CO)10] and the polymer polylactide. This nonwoven showed a CO-induced antimicrobial activity that was sufficient to reduce the biofilm-embedded bacteria by 70% after photostimulation at 405 nm. The released CO increased the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the biofilms, suggesting that in addition to inhibiting the electron transport chain, ROS might play a role in the antimicrobial activity of CORMs on S. aureus The nonwoven showed increased cytotoxicity on eukaryotic cells after longer exposure, most probably due to the released lactic acid, that might be acceptable for local and short-time treatments. Therefore, CO-releasing nonwovens might be a promising local antimicrobial therapy against biofilm-associated skin wound infections.
Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
Mareike
M
Klinger-Strobel
Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Jena, Germany.
Steve
S
Gläser
Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
Oliwia
O
Makarewicz
Innovent e.V., Biomaterials Department, Jena, Germany.
Ralf
R
Wyrwa
Innovent e.V., Biomaterials Department, Jena, Germany.
Jürgen
J
Weisser
Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany Mathias.Pletz@med.uni-jena.de alexander.schiller@uni-jena.de.
Mathias W
MW
Pletz
Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Jena, Germany Mathias.Pletz@med.uni-jena.de alexander.schiller@uni-jena.de.
Alexander
A
Schiller
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000379:methods; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D011091:Polyesters; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C033616:poly(lactide); D002248:Carbon Monoxide