Giving CD4+ T cells the slip: viral interference with MHC class II-restricted antigen processing and presentation.
Activation of CD4+ T cells through interactions with peptides bound to Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (MHC-II) molecules is a crucial step in clearance of most pathogens. Consequently, many viruses have evolved ways of blocking this aspect of adaptive immunity, from specific targeting of processing and presentation components to modulation of signaling pathways that regulate peptide presentation in addition to many other host defense mechanisms. Such cases of interference are far less common compared to what has been elucidated in MHC-I processing and presentation. This may be attributable in part to the complexity of MHC-II antigen processing, the scope of which is only now coming to light.
Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Katherine S
KS
Forsyth
Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States. Electronic address: eisenlc@mail.med.upenn.edu.
Laurence C
LC
Eisenlohr
D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D057131:Immune Evasion; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology*
D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II