Characterization of novel human papillomavirus types 157, 158 and 205 from healthy skin and recombination analysis in genus γ-Papillomavirus.
Gammapapillomavirus (γ-PV) is a diverse and rapidly expanding genus, currently consisting of 79 fully characterized human PV (HPV) types. In this study, three novel types, HPV157, HPV158 and HPV205, obtained from healthy sun-exposed skin of two immunocompetent individuals, were amplified by the "Hanging droplet" long PCR technique, cloned, sequenced and characterized. HPV157, HPV158 and HPV205 genomes comprise 7154-bp, 7192-bp and 7298-bp, respectively, and contain four early (E1, E2, E6 and E7) and two late genes (L1 and L2). Phylogenetic analysis of the L1 ORF placed all novel types within the γ-PV genus: HPV157 was classified as a new member of species γ-12 while HPV158 and HPV205 belong to species γ-1. We then explored potential recombination events in genus γ-PV with the RDP4 program in a dataset of 74 viruses (71 HPV types with available full-length genomes and the 3 novel types). Two events, both located in the E1 ORF, met the inclusion criterion (p-values <0.05 with at least four methods) and persisted in different ORF combinations: an inter-species recombination in species γ-8 (major and minor parents: species γ-24 and γ-11, respectively), and an intra-species recombination in species γ-7 (recombinant strain: HPV170; major and minor parents: HPV-109 and HPV-149, respectively). These findings were confirmed by phylogenetic tree incongruence analysis. An additional incongruence was found in members of species γ-9 but it was not detected by the RDP4. This report expands our knowledge of the family Papillomaviridae and provides for the first time in silico evidence of recombination in genus γ-PV.
Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET), Suipacha 590, 2000 Rosario, Argentina. Electronic address: bolatti@ibr-conicet.gov.ar.
Elisa M
EM
Bolatti
Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET), Suipacha 590, 2000 Rosario, Argentina; Area Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina. Electronic address: chouhy@ibr-conicet.gov.ar.
Diego
D
Chouhy
Area Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina. Electronic address: pcasal@fbioyf.unr.edu.ar.
Pablo E
PE
Casal
Area Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina. Electronic address: gperez@fbioyf.unr.edu.ar.
Germán R
GR
Pérez
Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET), Suipacha 590, 2000 Rosario, Argentina. Electronic address: emma_stella@yahoo.com.ar.
Emma J
EJ
Stella
División de Dermatología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe 3100, 2000 Rosario, Argentina. Electronic address: adrisa_61@hotmail.com.
Adriana
A
Sanchez
División de Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe 3100, 2000 Rosario, Argentina. Electronic address: mgorosi1@rosario.gov.ar.
Mario
M
Gorosito
División de Dermatología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe 3100, 2000 Rosario, Argentina. Electronic address: fbussy@gmail.com.
Ramón Fernandez
RF
Bussy
Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET), Suipacha 590, 2000 Rosario, Argentina; Area Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina. Electronic address: giri@ibr-conicet.gov.ar.
Adriana A
AA
Giri
D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D001483:Base Sequence; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D052689:Gammapapillomavirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000821:virology; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D012867:Skin / Q000821:virology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
D004279:DNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins
Genus γ-PV; HPV157; HPV158; HPV205; Novel human papillomavirus; Recombination