Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Retreatment Tuberculosis Patients in Benin.
Objective. To determine among retreatment tuberculosis patients in Benin baseline characteristics, culture, and drug sensitivity testing (DST) results and treatment outcomes. Materials and Methods. A retrospective national cohort study of all retreatment tuberculosis patients in Benin in 2013 using registers and treatment cards. Results. Of 3957 patients with tuberculosis, 241 (6%) were retreatment cases. Compared to new pulmonary bacteriologically confirmed tuberculosis (NPBCT) patients, there were significantly higher numbers of males (P = 0.04), patients from "Atlantique-Littoral" (P = 0.006), patients aged 45-64 years (P = 0.007), and HIV-positive patients (P = 0.04) among those retreated. Overall, 171 (71%) patients submitted sputum for DST, of whom (163) 95% were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis on Xpert MTB/RIF and/or culture and 17 (10%) were rifampicin resistant (9 with MDR-TB and 8 monoresistant to rifampicin). For those without MDR-TB (n = 224), treatment success was 93%. Worse outcomes occurred in those with unknown HIV status (RR: 0.27; 0.05-1.45; P < 0.01) while better outcomes occurred in those who relapsed (RR: 1.06, 95 CI: 1.02-1.10, P = 0.04). Conclusion. In 2013, a high proportion of retreatment patients received DST. Treatment success was good although more needs to be done to systematically increase the final follow-up smear examination. Reasons of high losses to follow-up from "Oueme-Plateau" should be investigated.
National Tuberculosis Programme, 01 BP 321 Cotonou, Benin; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Parakou, Parakou, Benin; International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France.
Serge
S
Ade
National Tuberculosis Programme, 01 BP 321 Cotonou, Benin.
Omer
O
Adjibodé
National Tuberculosis Programme, 01 BP 321 Cotonou, Benin.
Prudence
P
Wachinou
National Tuberculosis Programme, 01 BP 321 Cotonou, Benin.
Narcisse
N
Toundoh
National Tuberculosis Programme, 01 BP 321 Cotonou, Benin.
Bérénice
B
Awanou
National Tuberculosis Programme, 01 BP 321 Cotonou, Benin.
Gildas
G
Agodokpessi
National Tuberculosis Programme, 01 BP 321 Cotonou, Benin.
Dissou
D
Affolabi
National Tuberculosis Programme, 01 BP 321 Cotonou, Benin.
Gabriel
G
Adè
International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Anthony D
AD
Harries
National Tuberculosis Programme, 01 BP 321 Cotonou, Benin.
Séverin
S
Anagonou