Genome-wide mapping of transcription start sites yields novel insights into the primary transcriptome of Pseudomonas putida.
The environmental bacterium Pseudomonas putida is an organism endowed with a versatile metabolism and stress tolerance traits that are desirable in an efficient production organism. In this work, differential RNA sequencing was used to investigate the primary transcriptome and RNA regulatory elements of P. putida strain KT2440. A total of 7937 putative transcription start sites (TSSs) were identified, where over two-thirds were located either on the opposite strand or internal to annotated genes. For TSSs associated with mRNAs, sequence analysis revealed a clear Shine-Dalgarno sequence but a lack of conserved overrepresented promoter motifs. These TSSs defined approximately 50 leaderless transcripts and an abundance of mRNAs with long leader regions of which 18 contain RNA regulatory elements from the Rfam database. The thiamine pyrophosphate riboswitch upstream of the thiC gene was examined using an in vivo assay with GFP-fusion vectors and shown to function via a translational repression mechanism. Furthermore, 56 novel intergenic small RNAs and 8 putative actuaton transcripts were detected, as well as 8 novel open reading frames (ORFs). This study illustrates how global mapping of TSSs can yield novel insights into the transcriptional features and RNA output of bacterial genomes.
The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kogle Allé 6, DK-2970, Hørsholm, Denmark.
Isotta
I
D'Arrigo
The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kogle Allé 6, DK-2970, Hørsholm, Denmark.
Klara
K
Bojanovič
The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kogle Allé 6, DK-2970, Hørsholm, Denmark.
Xiaochen
X
Yang
The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kogle Allé 6, DK-2970, Hørsholm, Denmark.
Martin
M
Holm Rau
The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kogle Allé 6, DK-2970, Hørsholm, Denmark. kalon@biosustain.dtu.dk.
Katherine S
KS
Long
D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D016958:Pseudomonas putida / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D024363:Transcription Initiation Site; D059467:Transcriptome
D001426:Bacterial Proteins