Reference values of MostGraph measures for middle-aged and elderly Japanese individuals who participated in annual health checkups.
BACKGROUND
The forced oscillation technique (FOT) can measure respiratory system resistance and reactance under tidal volume respiration. MostGraph is a device that incorporates the FOT and enables the immediate, three-dimensional visualization of resistance and reactance parameters. The aim of this study was to establish MostGraph reference values for middle-aged and elderly Japanese individuals.


METHODS
From 2004 to 2006, 3253 subjects living in Takahata, Yamagata underwent spirometry. Of these, 872 again underwent spirometry in 2011, and 784 (368 men, ages 46-89 years; 416 women, ages 47-90 years) underwent FOT examinations using MostGraph-01.


RESULTS
In this study population, 19.0% of the men and 91.5% of the women were life-long never smokers. Abnormal spirometric findings were observed in 30.2% of the men and 14.6% of the women. Although the respiratory system resistance and reactance parameters obtained using MostGraph were not distributed normally, normal distribution was achieved via natural logarithm (R5, R20, Fres, and ALX), square root (R5-R20), or exponential (X5) transformation. Furthermore, the transformed values were converted back to the actual values after determining the values representing one and two standard deviations from the mean.


CONCLUSIONS
Respiratory system resistance and reactance reference values were determined using MostGraph in middle-aged and elderly Japanese individuals who participated in annual health checkups.
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan. Electronic address: yu-abe@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp.
Yuki
Y
Abe
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan. Electronic address: shibata@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp.
Yoko
Y
Shibata
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan. Electronic address: akigaras@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp.
Akira
A
Igarashi
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan. Electronic address: sinoue@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp.
Sumito
S
Inoue
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan. Electronic address: k-sato@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp.
Kento
K
Sato
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan. Electronic address: m-satoh@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp.
Masamichi
M
Sato
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan. Electronic address: n.takako@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp.
Takako
T
Nemoto
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan. Electronic address: m-kobayashi@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp.
Maki
M
Kobayashi
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan. Electronic address: m-nishi@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp.
Michiko
M
Nishiwaki
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan. Electronic address: tomomi-i@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp.
Tomomi
T
Kimura
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan. Electronic address: ytokair@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp.
Yoshikane
Y
Tokairin
Global Center of Excellence Program Study Group, Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan. Electronic address: pulmoyamagata@outlook.jp.
Takamasa
T
Kayama
Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan. Electronic address: ikubota@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp.
Isao
I
Kubota
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000403:Airway Resistance; D044466:Asian People; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010808:Physical Examination; D012016:Reference Values; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013147:Spirometry; D013990:Tidal Volume
Forced oscillation technique; MostGraph; Reference value; Respiratory system resistance and reactance; Yamagata–Takahata study