Acute dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis promotes gut microbial dysbiosis in mice.
The most widely used and characterized experimental model of ulcerative colitis (UC) is the epithelial erosion, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, which is developed by administration of DSS in drinking water. We investigated fecal and colonic mucosa microbial composition and functional changes in mice treated with DSS. C57Bl/6 mice received 5% DSS in drinking water for 5 days. Inflammation was evaluated clinically and by analysis of colonic tissue cytokine levels and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the serum. Colonic mucosa and fecal samples were used for DNA extraction and the V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA gene was subjected to MiSeq Illumina sequencing. Alpha- and beta-diversities, and compositional differences at phylum and genus levels were determined, and bacterial functional pathways were predicted. DSS increased disease severity, serum CRP and cytokines IL-1β and IL-6, but decreased bacterial species richness, and shifted bacterial community composition. Bacteroides, Turicibacter, Escherichia, Clostridium, Enterobacteriaceae, Clostridiaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Bacteroidales, among other taxa were associated with DSS treatment in fecal and colonic samples. Also, DSS altered microbial functional pathways in both colonic mucosa and fecal samples.


CONCLUSIONS
The development of colitis in DSS model was accompanied with reduced microbial diversity and dysbiosis of gut microbiota at lower taxonomical levels.
Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.|Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Peris Mumbi
PM
Munyaka
Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Mohammad Fazle
MF
Rabbi
Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. ehsan.Khafipour@umanitoba.ca.|Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. ehsan.Khafipour@umanitoba.ca.
Ehsan
E
Khafipour
Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. jean-eric.ghia@umanitoba.ca.|Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. jean-eric.ghia@umanitoba.ca.|Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical & Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. jean-eric.ghia@umanitoba.ca.
Jean-Eric
JE
Ghia
D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001483:Base Sequence; D044822:Biodiversity; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology*; D003106:Colon / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D064806:Dysbiosis / Q000473:pathology*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
C587672:IL1B protein, mouse; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; C577686:interleukin-6, mouse; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D016264:Dextran Sulfate
Colitis; Dextran sulfate sodium; Dysbiosis; Mice; Microbiota