Breast Cancer Risk Factors among Ugandan Women at a Tertiary Hospital: A Case-Control Study.
BACKGROUND
Although East Africa, like other countries in sub-Saharan Africa, has a lower incidence of breast cancer than high-income countries, the disease rate is rising steeply in Africa; it has nearly tripled in the past few decades in Uganda. There is a paucity of studies that have examined the relation between reproductive factors and breast cancer risk factors in Ugandan women.


OBJECTIVE
To determine breast cancer risk factors among indigenous Ugandan women.


METHODS
This is a hospital-based unmatched case-control study. Interviews were conducted between 2011 and 2012 using structured questionnaires. Patients with histology-proven breast cancer were recruited over a 2-year period. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).


RESULTS
A total of 350 women were recruited; 113 were cases and 237 were controls. The mean age was 47.5 years (SD 14) for the cases and 45.5 years (SD 14.1) for the controls. The odds of breast cancer risk seemed lower for those who breastfed (adjusted OR = 0.04; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.18). There was no significance for early age at first full-term birth (adjusted OR = 1.96; 95% CI: 0.97, 3.96; p = 0.061), and urban residence carried no increased odds of breast cancer either (p = 0.201).


CONCLUSIONS
Breastfeeding seems to be associated with reduced odds of breast cancer.
Department of Surgery, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda.
Moses
M
Galukande
Henry
H
Wabinga
Florence
F
Mirembe
Charles
C
Karamagi
Alexzander
A
Asea
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001942:Breast Feeding; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008423:Maternal Age; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D036801:Parturition; D017584:Reproductive History; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology