The polymorphisms of a MIF gene and their association with Vibrio resistance in the clam Meretrix meretrix.
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an important proinflammatory cytokine that mediates both innate and adaptive immune responses. In this study, a homolog of MIF was identified in the clam Meretrix meretrix. Ten SNPs in the DNA partial sequence of MmMIF were found to be significantly associated with Vibrio resistance (P < 0.05). Distinct expression patterns of MmMIF among different haplotypes were observed after Vibrio challenge. The results showed that haplotypes did not affect MmMIF expression in the negative control group, while the expression of MmMIF in clams with Hap1 and Hap1/Hap2 was significantly lower than that with Hap2 at 24 h in the PBS-injected group but significantly higher than that with Hap2 in the Vibrio-injected group. The results also indicate that Hap1 and Hap1/Hap2 can specifically respond to mechanical stimulation while Hap2 can specifically respond to Vibrio infection. The effect of a missense mutation was detected by site-directed mutagenesis using fusion expression of the protein, which showed that the SNP g.737 (I > V) has no effect on redox activity and tautomerase activity. These studies identified a potential marker that is enriched in Vibrio-resistant clams that can be used for the genetic breeding of Meretrix meretrix.
Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
Linhu
L
Zou
Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China. Electronic address: bzliu@qdio.ac.cn.
Baozhong
B
Liu
D000818:Animals; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000276:immunology*; D005838:Genotype; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D040542:Mechanotransduction, Cellular; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D015202:Protein Engineering; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014735:Vibrio Infections / Q000276:immunology*
D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins
Haplotype; Meretrix meretrix; MmMIF; SNPs; Vibrio resistance