The formulation of nanomedicines for treating tuberculosis.
Recent estimates indicate that tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death worldwide, alongside the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The current treatment is effective, but is associated with severe adverse-effects and noncompliance to prescribed regimens. An alternative route of drug delivery may improve the performance of existing drugs, which may have a key importance in TB control and eradication. Recent advances and emerging technologies in nanoscale systems, particularly nanoparticles (NPs), have the potential to transform such approach to human health and disease. Until now, several nanodelivery systems for the pulmonary administration of anti-TB drugs have been intensively studied and their utility as an alternative to the classical TB treatment has been suggested. In this context, this review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent progress in nanodelivery systems for pulmonary administration of anti-TB drugs. Additionally, more convenient and cost-effective alternatives for the lung delivery, different types of NPs for oral and topical are also being considered, and summarized in this review. Lastly, the future of this growing field and its potential impact will be discussed.
ICBAS - Instituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar,University of Porto,Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228,4050-313 Porto,Portugal; I3S,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica,Universidade do Porto,Rua Alfredo Allen 208,4200-135 Porto,Portugal; CESPU,Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde,Rua Central de Gandra 1317,4585-116 Gandra,Portugal.
Ana
A
Costa
REQUIMTE,Department of Chemical Sciences - Applied Chemistry Lab,Faculty of Pharmacy,University of Porto,Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228,4050-313 Porto,Portugal.
Marina
M
Pinheiro
REQUIMTE,Department of Chemical Sciences - Applied Chemistry Lab,Faculty of Pharmacy,University of Porto,Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228,4050-313 Porto,Portugal.
Joana
J
Magalhães
REQUIMTE,Department of Chemical Sciences - Applied Chemistry Lab,Faculty of Pharmacy,University of Porto,Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228,4050-313 Porto,Portugal.
Ricardo
R
Ribeiro
CESPU,Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde,Rua Central de Gandra 1317,4585-116 Gandra,Portugal.
Vitor
V
Seabra
REQUIMTE,Department of Chemical Sciences - Applied Chemistry Lab,Faculty of Pharmacy,University of Porto,Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228,4050-313 Porto,Portugal.
Salette
S
Reis
I3S,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica,Universidade do Porto,Rua Alfredo Allen 208,4200-135 Porto,Portugal; CESPU,Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde,Rua Central de Gandra 1317,4585-116 Gandra,Portugal; Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná,Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas,Rua Universitária,2069 Cascavel,Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address: bruno.sarmento@ineb.up.pt.
Bruno
B
Sarmento
D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D050997:Nanomedicine; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy*
D000995:Antitubercular Agents
Anti-tuberculosis drugs; Drug delivery systems; Nanoparticles; Oral administration; Pulmonary administration; Skin administration; Targeting