Surgical Results and Outcomes After Reimplantation for the Management of Anomalous Aortic Origin of the Right Coronary Artery.
BACKGROUND
Anomalous aortic origin of the right coronary artery (AAORCA) has been reported to cause myocardial ischemia, leading to angina, dyspnea, and decreased exercise tolerance. Reimplantation is a repair technique devised to exclude the abnormal intramural portion of the anomalous artery and avoid the known late attrition of saphenous vein grafts. Our study aims to evaluate the medium-term clinical outcomes with this technique.


METHODS
A retrospective review was made of patients who underwent repair of AAORCA by reimplantation between 2002 and 2014 in two institutions in Western Australia. Follow-up computed tomography coronary angiography was used to assess the status of the reimplanted right coronary artery (RCA). Data on survival, freedom from symptoms, cardiac events, and cardiac interventions were also analyzed.


RESULTS
Of the 16 patients (aged 17 to 70 years old), 14 (88%) were symptomatic before surgery, with angina (50%) and exertional dyspnea (56%) being the most common symptoms. Surgical reimplantation was successful in 15 patients (94%) without operative mortality. One patient required saphenous vein bypass grafting of the RCA intraoperatively after presumed failed repair and difficulty weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. All patients who had successful reimplantation of AAORCA were symptom-free after surgery, and none had subsequent cardiac events attributable to the RCA or required further interventions. Ten patients (67%) had computed tomography coronary angiography after surgery; none had stenosis, kinking, or compression of the RCA by the pulmonary artery. Two further patients (including the patient who underwent saphenous vein grafting for presumed failed reimplantation) underwent conventional angiography, which demonstrated patent reimplantations.


CONCLUSIONS
To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest reported series of anomalous RCA managed by surgical reimplantation. Our results suggest that this technique is safe and has excellent medium to long-term results regarding symptom-free survival.
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Western Australian Cardiothoracic Research and Audit Group, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia. Electronic address: timothynlaw@gmail.com.
Timothy
T
Law
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Western Australian Cardiothoracic Research and Audit Group, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.
Ben
B
Dunne
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Western Australian Cardiothoracic Research and Audit Group, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.
Nikki
N
Stamp
Intensive Care Unit, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, and School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia.
Kwok M
KM
Ho
Department of Cardiac Surgery, Princess Margaret Hospital, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia.
David
D
Andrews
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003330:Coronary Vessel Anomalies / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000637:transplantation*; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012092:Replantation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult