Neonatal hyperoxia increases airway reactivity and inflammation in adult mice.
Supplemental O2to treat bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants, is a major risk factor producing alteration in lung function, airway reactivity, and predisposition to respiratory infections. This study explores inflammatory and airway responses following neonatal hyperoxia in adult mice.



Newborn mouse litters were randomized to 85% O2or room air (RA) on P3 for 12 days; mice were sacrificed either on P15 or at 15 weeks following recovery in RA. Airway hyper reactivity (AHR) was assessed in vivo (8 and 12 weeks) and in vitro (15 weeks) with methacholine; Lung and BAL were assayed for inflammatory mediators, cell counts, CD3 immunohistochemistry, and histopathology.



Hyperoxic mice had increased airway reactivity at baseline and following methacholine challenge in vivo (8 and 12 weeks); isolated tracheal rings had a significantly higher constriction response to methacholine in vitro compared to RA group. Inflammatory markers were higher at 2 weeks (MCP-1, IL-12, INF-γ) and at 15 weeks (LTB4, VEGF); Lipoxin-A4was lower in the hyperoxia group at both time points. Increased airway smooth muscle thickness and angiogenesis in the lung was seen at 15 weeks. Hyperoxic lungs exhibited alveolar simplification at 2 and 15 weeks. Absolute lymphocyte count was higher in lavage fluid with an increased CD3 cell count at 15 weeks suggesting persistent inflammation in adult mice following neonatal hyperoxia.



Exposure to hyperoxia in newborn mice increases long-term airway reactivity with persistent lung inflammation associated with a marked increase in lymphocytes, suggesting long-term consequences in adults. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:1131-1141. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, New York. vkumar@upa.chob.edu.
Vasantha H S
VH
Kumar
Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, New York.
Satyan
S
Lakshminrusimha
Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, New York.
Sergei
S
Kishkurno
Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, New York.
Babu S
BS
Paturi
Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, New York.
Sylvia F
SF
Gugino
Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, New York.
Lori
L
Nielsen
Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, New York.
Huamei
H
Wang
Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
Rita M
RM
Ryan
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D018496:Hyperoxia / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D051379:Mice; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D010100:Oxygen; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
D015415:Biomarkers; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D018664:Interleukin-12; D010100:Oxygen
airway reactivity; cytokines; hyperoxia; inflammation; lymphocytes