L-Arginine Modulates Intestinal Inflammation in Rats Submitted to Mesenteric Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.
The goal of this study was to investigate whether exogenous offer of L-arginine (LARG) modulates the gene expression of intestinal dysfunction caused by ischemia and reperfusion.



Eighteen Wistar-EPM1 male rats (250-300 g) were anesthetized and subjected to laparotomy. The superior mesenteric vessels were exposed, and the rats were randomized into 3 groups (n = 6): the control group (CG), with no superior mesenteric artery interruption; the ischemia/reperfusion group (IRG), with 60 minutes of ischemia and 120 minutes of reperfusion and saline injections; and the L-arginine group (IRG + LARG), with L-arginine injected in the femoral vein 5 minutes before ischemia, 5 minutes after reperfusion, and after 55 minutes of reperfusion. The total RNA was extracted and purified from samples of the small intestine. The concentration of each total RNA sample was determined by using spectrophotometry. The first-strand complementary DNA (cDNA) was synthesized in equal amounts of cDNA and the Master Mix SYBR Green qPCR Mastermix (SABiosciences, a Qiagen Company, Frederick, Md). Amounts of cDNA and Master Mix SYBR Green qPCR Mastermix were distributed to each well of the polymerase chain reaction microarray plate containing the predispensed gene-specific primer sets for Bax and Bcl2. Each sample was evaluated in triplicate, and the Student t test was applied to validate the homogeneity of each gene expression reaction (P < .05).



The gene expression of Bax in IRG (+1.48) was significantly higher than in IRG-LARG (+9.69); the expression of Bcl2L1 in IRG (+1.01) was significantly higher than IRG-LARG (+22.89).



The apoptotic cell pathway of 2 protagonists showed that LARG improves the gene expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl2l1 (Bcl2-like 1) more than the pro-apoptotic Bax (Bcl2-associated X protein).
Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery Division, Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University-UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
M O
MO
Taha
Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery Division, Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University-UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
J V
JV
de Oliveira
Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery Division, Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University-UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
M
M
Dias Borges
Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery Division, Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University-UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
F
F
de Lucca Melo
Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery Division, Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University-UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
F G
FG
Gualtieri
Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery Division, Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University-UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
A L
AL
E Silva Aidar
Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery Division, Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University-UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
R L
RL
Pacheco
Medical School of Anhembi Morumbi University, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
T
T
de Melo Alexandre E Silva
Universitary Center São Camilo, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
R K
RK
Klajner
University of São Paulo Medical School-USP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
L R
LR
Iuamoto
Jundiaí Medical School, Jundiaí-SP, Brazil.
L
L
Munhoz Torres
Jundiaí Medical School, Jundiaí-SP, Brazil.
B J
BJ
Morais Mendes de Paula
Medical School of University of Mogi, Mogi das Cruzes-SP, Brazil.
K
K
de Campos
Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery Division, Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University-UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
I S
IS
Oliveira-Junior
Surgical Techniques and Experimental Surgery Division, Surgery Department, São Paulo Federal University-UNIFESP, São Paulo-SP, Brazil. Electronic address: djfagundes.dcir@epm.br.
D J
DJ
Fagundes
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D007511:Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D017538:Mesenteric Artery, Superior; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D001120:Arginine