MOLECULAR CLONING, EXPRESSION PATTERN OF MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 1 (MRP1, ABCC1) GENE, AND THE SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF VERAPAMIL ON TOXICITY OF TWO INSECTICIDES IN THE BIRD CHERRY-OAT APHID.
The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are important transmembrane proteins encoded by a supergene family. The majority of ABC proteins are primary active transporters that bind and hydrolyze ATP to mediate the efflux of a diverse range of substrates across lipid membranes. In this study, we cloned and characterized a putative multidrug resistance associated protein 1 (MRP1) from Rhopalosiphum padi encoded by ABCC1. Structural analysis showed that this protein has structural features typical of the ABC transporter family. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the amino acid sequence was highly similar that of the corresponding protein from Acyrthosiphon pisum. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis showed that ABCC1 was expressed throughout all R. padi developmental stages, with the highest level of expression in the fourth larval instar. We also examined ABCC1 expression in four different tissue types and found that it was most highly expressed in the midgut. Exposing R. padi to imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos increased ABCC1 expression. Furthermore, ABCC1 expression was higher in the imidacloprid-resistant (IR) and chlorpyrifos-resistant (CR) strains than in an insecticide-susceptible strain (SS) of R. padi. Exposing R. padi to verapamil in combination with insecticides significantly increased the toxicity of the insecticides. The respective synergy factor of CR and IR R. padi strain was 1.33 and 1.26, which was lower than that (2.72 and 1.64, respectively) of the SS. Our results clarify the biological function of ABCC1 in R. padi, particularly its role in insecticide resistance, and suggest novel strategies for pest management that use ABC transporter inhibitors to increase the effectiveness of insecticides.
Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Xin-Le
XL
Kang
Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Meng
M
Zhang
Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Kang
K
Wang
Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Xian-Feng
XF
Qiao
Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Mao-Hua
MH
Chen
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001042:Aphids / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000494:pharmacology; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004357:Drug Synergism; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D009758:Nymph / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014700:Verapamil / Q000494:pharmacology
D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004390:Chlorpyrifos; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D007093:Imidazoles; D019476:Insect Proteins; D007306:Insecticides; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D014700:Verapamil; C082359:imidacloprid; C421109:multidrug resistance-associated protein 1
ABCC1; Rhopalosiphum padi; expression; insecticide resistance; verapamil