Sleep abnormalities associated with alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, and opiate use: a comprehensive review.
Sleep abnormalities are associated with acute and chronic use of addictive substances. Although sleep complaints associated with use and abstinence from addictive substances are widely recognized, familiarity with the underlying sleep abnormalities is often lacking, despite evidence that these sleep abnormalities may be recalcitrant and impede good outcomes. Substantial research has now characterized the abnormalities associated with acute and chronic use of alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, and opiates. This review summarizes this research and discusses the clinical implications of sleep abnormalities in the treatment of substance use disorders.
Yale University Department of Psychiatry, Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
Gustavo A
GA
Angarita
Yale University Department of Psychiatry, Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
Nazli
N
Emadi
Yale University Department of Psychiatry, Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA.
Sarah
S
Hodges
Yale University Department of Psychiatry, Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA. peter.morgan@yale.edu.
Peter T
PT
Morgan
D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000145:classification / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000150:complications; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications; D012894:Sleep Stages; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications*
D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives
Alcohol; Cannabis; Cocaine; Insomnia; Opiates; Sleep