Effect of oil sands process-affected water on toxicity of retene to early life-stages of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes).
Toxicity of oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) to aquatic organisms has been studied, but effects of co-exposure to OSPW and polycyclic-aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are an important class of chemicals in tailings ponds used to store OSPW, has not been investigated. The goal of the current study was to determine if organic compounds extracted from the aqueous phase of relatively fresh OSPW from Base-Mine Lake (BML-OSPW) or aged OSPW from Pond 9 experimental reclamation pond (P9-OSPW) modulated toxic potency of the model alkyl-PAH, retene, to early life-stages of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). Embryos were exposed to retene by use of a partition controlled delivery (PCD) system made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) until day of hatch. Incidences of pericardial edema and expression of CYP1A were not significantly greater in larvae exposed only to dissolved organic compounds from either OSPW but were significantly greater in larvae exposed only to retene. Expression of CYP1A and incidences of pericardial edema were significantly greater in larvae co-exposed to retene and 5×equivalent of dissolved organic compounds from BML-OSPW compared to retene alone. However, there was no effect of co-exposure to retene and either a 1×equivalent of dissolved organic compounds from BML-OSPW or 5×equivalent of dissolved organic compounds from P9-OSPW. While there was evidence that exposure to 5×equivalent of dissolved organic compounds from BML-OSPW caused oxidative stress, there was no evidence of this effect in larvae exposed only to retene or co-exposed to retene and a 5×equivalent of dissolved organic compounds from BML-OSPW. These results suggest that oxidative stress is not a mechanism of pericardial edema in early-life stages of Japanese medaka. Relatively fresh OSPW from Base Mine Lake might influence toxicity of alkylated-PAHs to early life stages of fishes but this effect would not be expected to occur at current concentrations of OSPW and is attenuated by aging of OSPW.
Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Hattan A
HA
Alharbi
Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Garrett
G
Morandi
Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada,; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Zoology Department, Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: john.giesy@usask.ca.
John P
JP
Giesy
Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada,. Electronic address: steve.wiseman@usask.ca.
Steve B
SB
Wiseman
D000818:Animals; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000378:metabolism; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D061329:Oil and Gas Fields / Q000737:chemistry; D009990:Oryzias / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*
D029941:Fish Proteins; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C447880:retene; D012313:RNA; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1
Alkyl-PAH; Bitumen; Edema; Naphthenic acids; Orbitrap; Surfactant; Tailings pond; Ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry