Type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase in neonatal goats: molecular cloning, expression, localization, and methylation signature.
Type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO3) is an important enzyme in the metabolism of thyroid hormones. It plays critical roles in fetal development and neonatal growth and is especially important for brain development in mammals. In the present study, we profiled the expression pattern and methylation signature of the DIO3 gene in goats. The complete coding sequence of caprine DIO3 encoded a protein of 301 amino acids and harbored an internal selenocysteine-encoding TGA codon. The DIO3 messenger RNA (mRNA) was predominantly expressed in the neonatal goat liver (P < 0.01), while expression in other tissues was quite low, with the lowest levels in the lung. In in situ hybridization, the DIO3 mRNA was predominantly localized in the liver and the lowest content was detected in the lung. The DIO3 transcript was widely localized in neurons and the neuropil. Methylation profiling of the DIO3 CpG island showed a significant difference between the 5' region (CpGs_1∼24) and the 3' region (CpG_25∼51) of the coding region. Furthermore, no significant difference in methylation status was observed among the six tested tissues with levels in the range of 29.11-33.12 %. The CpG islands in the intergenic-differentially methylated region (IG-DMR) showed significantly different methylated levels among tissues, and the highest methylated level was observed in lung (CpG island 1, 69.34 %) and longissimus dorsi (LD) (CpG island 2, 52.62 %) tissues. Our study lays a foundation for understanding DIO3 function and the diseases caused by altered methylation profiles of the DIO3 gene.
Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Tao
T
Zhong
Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Peng-Fei
PF
Jin
Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Wei
W
Zhao
Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Lin-Jie
LJ
Wang
Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Li
L
Li
Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China. zhp@sicau.edu.cn.
Hong-Ping
HP
Zhang
D000818:Animals; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018899:CpG Islands; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000235:genetics*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006041:Goats / Q000235:genetics*; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; C117274:iodothyronine deiodinase type III; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase
DIO3; Expression; Goat; In situ hybridization; Methylation