The Topical Application of Rosuvastatin in Preventing Knee Intra-Articular Adhesion in Rats.
BACKGROUND Intra-articular adhesion is one of the common complications of post knee surgery and injury. The formation of joint adhesion can lead to serious dysfunction. Rosuvastatin (ROS) is a new 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, with multiple biological effects. In our study, the object was to evaluate the effectiveness of ROS in the prevention of post-operative knee adhesion in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Femoral condyle exposing surgery was performed on 45 healthy Sprague Dawley rats. Gelatin sponges soaked with 20 mg/kg of ROS, 10 mg/kg of ROS, or saline were used to cover the surgical site. The post-operative knee joints were fixed in a flexed position with micro Kirschner wires for four weeks. ROS effectiveness for treating intra-articular adhesion was determined with visual score evaluation, hydroxyproline content, histological analyses, immunohistochemistry, and inflammatory and vascular endothelial growth factors expression. RESULTS The animals' recovery was stable after surgery. The hydroxyproline content, visual score, and inflammatory vascular growth factors expression levels suggested that, compared with the control group, the ROS treatment groups showed better outcomes. ROS prevented joint adhesion formation, collagen deposition, and vascularization at the surgical site, and also inhibited inflammatory activity post-operatively. Compared with the 10 mg/kg ROS group, the 20 mg/kg ROS group showed significantly better outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The local application of ROS reduced intra-articular adhesion formation, collagen deposition, and vascularization at the surgical site, and inhibited inflammatory activity post-operatively. These results suggested optimal concentration of ROS to be 20 mg/kg.
Department of Orthopaedics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Haixiao
H
Wu
Department of Traumatology Orthopaedics, 1 Clinical City Hospital, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Alexey V
AV
Germanov
Department of Surgery, The Thrity-One City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Galina L
GL
Goryaeva
Department of Traumatology Orthopaedics, Northwestern State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.
Alexander N
AN
Yachmenev
Department of Traumatology Orthopaedics, 1 Clinical City Hospital, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Dmitriy I
DI
Gordienko
Department of Traumatology Orthopaedics, 1 Clinical City Hospital, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Victor V
VV
Kuzin
Department of Orthopaedics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Alexander V
AV
Skoroglyadov
D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D015850:Interleukin-6; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium