Thermodynamic Entropy as a Noether Invariant.
We study a classical many-particle system with an external control represented by a time-dependent extensive parameter in a Lagrangian. We show that thermodynamic entropy of the system is uniquely characterized as the Noether invariant associated with a symmetry for an infinitesimal nonuniform time translation t→t+ηℏβ, where η is a small parameter, ℏ is the Planck constant, β is the inverse temperature that depends on the energy and control parameter, and trajectories in the phase space are restricted to those consistent with quasistatic processes in thermodynamics.
Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Shin-Ichi
S
Sasa
International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, Survey No. 151, Shivakote, Hesaraghatta Hobli, Bengaluru North 560 089, India.|iTHES Research Group, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
Yuki
Y
Yokokura