The status of diabetic embryopathy.
Diabetic embryopathy is a theoretical enigma and a clinical challenge. Both type 1 and type 2 diabetic pregnancy carry a significant risk for fetal maldevelopment, and the precise reasons for the diabetes-induced teratogenicity are not clearly identified. The experimental work in this field has revealed a partial, however complex, answer to the teratological question, and we will review some of the latest suggestions.
a Department of Medical Cell Biology , Uppsala University, Biomedical Center , Uppsala , Sweden.
Ulf J
UJ
Eriksson
a Department of Medical Cell Biology , Uppsala University, Biomedical Center , Uppsala , Sweden.
Parri
P
Wentzel
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000378:metabolism; D000860:Hypoxia; D028421:Isoprostanes / Q000737:chemistry; D007659:Ketones / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products / Q000378:metabolism; D013723:Teratogens / Q000378:metabolism; D018600:Teratology
C000593873:Ager protein, mouse; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D028421:Isoprostanes; D007659:Ketones; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D013723:Teratogens; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D005947:Glucose; D009584:Nitrogen
Anomalies; development; diabetes in pregnancy; epigenetics; gene expression; malformations