Scaling in topological properties of brain networks.
The organization in brain networks shows highly modular features with weak inter-modular interaction. The topology of the networks involves emergence of modules and sub-modules at different levels of constitution governed by fractal laws that are signatures of self-organization in complex networks. The modular organization, in terms of modular mass, inter-modular, and intra-modular interaction, also obeys fractal nature. The parameters which characterize topological properties of brain networks follow one parameter scaling theory in all levels of network structure, which reveals the self-similar rules governing the network structure. Further, the calculated fractal dimensions of brain networks of different species are found to decrease when one goes from lower to higher level species which implicates the more ordered and self-organized topography at higher level species. The sparsely distributed hubs in brain networks may be most influencing nodes but their absence may not cause network breakdown, and centrality parameters characterizing them also follow one parameter scaling law indicating self-similar roles of these hubs at different levels of organization in brain networks. The local-community-paradigm decomposition plot and calculated local-community-paradigm-correlation co-efficient of brain networks also shows the evidence for self-organization in these networks.
Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India.|School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India.
Soibam Shyamchand
SS
Singh
McConnell Brain Imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.
Budhachandra
B
Khundrakpam
Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
Andrew T
AT
Reid
McConnell Brain Imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.
John D
JD
Lewis
McConnell Brain Imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.
Alan C
AC
Evans
Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India.
Romana
R
Ishrat
Department of Physics, Assam University, Silchar-788011, Assam, India.
B Indrajit
BI
Sharma
School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India.
R K Brojen
RK
Singh
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans; D002415:Cats; D017709:Fractals; D006801:Humans; D008251:Macaca; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009415:Nerve Net