Validation of the Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised across US and Portuguese college students.
The present study aimed to evaluate the invariance of the factor structure of the Drinking Motives Questionnaire Revised (DMQ-R) between Portuguese and US university students. Following tests of factor model invariance we further evaluated cross-cultural differences in (1) mean levels of the four motives, and (2) the association of the four motives with weekly drinking, peak drinking, and binge drinking among college students from the United States and Portugal. Participants were 983 undergraduate students (67% female) from the US (N=515) and Portugal (N=468). Participants completed a confidential online (US) or paper and pencil (Portugal) survey. Results of a CFA demonstrated that the four-factor model of the DMQ-R was invariant with respect to factor loadings, factor variances, and factor covariances across the two countries. Mean differences in ratings of drinking motives were found, with US students ranking all motives higher than Portuguese students. However, rank order of motives (social>enhancement>coping>conformity) were equivalent across countries. Support for convergent validity was demonstrated by significant associations between drinking motives and alcohol consumption for men and women of both samples. Results support the factorial invariance and convergent validity of the DMQ-R across US and Portuguese college students, making it a trustworthy means of assessing college students' drinking motives, and a useful instrument for clinical and research purposes, both within and across cultures.
Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, Division of Counseling Psychology, ED 220, University at Albany-State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA. Electronic address: jlmartin@albany.edu.
Jessica L
JL
Martin
Faculty of Psychology and Education, Room 5.21, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Joaquim Armando
JA
Ferreira
Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, Division of Counseling Psychology, ED 220, University at Albany-State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
Richard F
RF
Haase
Faculty of Psychology and Education, Room 5.21, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Jorge
J
Martins
Faculty of Psychology and Education, Room 5.21, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Mariana
M
Coelho
D000328:Adult; D000067292:Alcohol Drinking in College / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D011174:Portugal; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D014175:Translating; D014481:United States; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult
College students; Cross-cultural; Drinking Motives Questionnaire; Drinking motives; Invariance