Low prevalence of human papillomavirus in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma in Queensland, Australia.
BACKGROUND
While human papillomavirus (HPV) is an accepted risk factor for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), its aetiological role in oral cavity SCC remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the HPV prevalence in an Australian population.


METHODS
DNA was extracted from 63 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour specimens histologically confirmed as SCC of the oral cavity, diagnosed during 2006-2012. Clinical data were extracted from medical records. HPV presence was determined by polymerase chain reaction. Positive samples were typed by sequencing. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess p16INK4A, p53, pRB, Ki67, Cyclin D1 and p21WAF1expression.


RESULTS
Five of the 63 tumours (8%) were positive for HPV DNA (three HPV-16 positive and two HPV-18 positive). Two tumours overexpressed p16INK4A(3%) and one of these was also HPV positive. Overexpression of Cyclin D1 correlated significantly with tumour recurrence (P = 0.029) and death (P = 0.002).


CONCLUSIONS
This study has identified a low prevalence of high-risk HPV in Queensland, Australia.
Department of Population Heath, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.|Head and Neck Unit, Department of Otolaryngology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Sarah
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3102-6150
S
Emmett
Head and Neck Unit, Department of Otolaryngology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.|School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Glenn
G
Jenkins
Department of Pathology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Samuel
S
Boros
Department of Population Heath, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.|School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
David C
DC
Whiteman
Head and Neck Unit, Department of Otolaryngology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.|School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Benedict
B
Panizza
Department of Population Heath, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Annika
A
Antonsson
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D061809:Human Papillomavirus DNA Tests / Q000295:instrumentation; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000235:genetics; D052161:Human papillomavirus 18 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009055:Mouth / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011793:Queensland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019938:Cyclin D1

SCC
; human papillomavirus; oral cavity; p16