De Novo Malignancies After Transplantation: Risk and Surveillance Strategies.
De novo malignancies are one of the leading causes of late mortality after liver and kidney transplantation. Nonmelanoma skin cancer is the most common malignancy, followed by posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder and solid organ tumors. Immunosuppression is a key factor for cancer development, although many other transplant-related and traditional risk factors also play a role. In this review, the authors summarize risk factors and outcomes of frequently encountered de novo malignancies after liver and kidney transplantation to stratify recipients at highest risk. Future efforts in prospectively validated, cost-effective surveillance strategies that improve survival of these complex patients are greatly needed.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University-Sofia, 1 G. Sofiisky Boulevard, Sofia 1431, Bulgaria.
Iliana
I
Doycheva
Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 5777 East Mayo Boulevard, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA.
Syed
S
Amer
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, CH-10, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. Electronic address: watt.kymberly@mayo.edu.
Kymberly D
KD
Watt
D002423:Cause of Death; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000401:mortality; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000401:mortality; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate
Incidence; Mortality; Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder; Risk factors; Skin cancer; Solid organ tumors; Surveillance