Methylphenidate HCL for the treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents.
BACKGROUND
Since Ritalin (methylphenidate immediate-release or MPH IR) was first marketed in 1955, it has been a mainstay of treatment for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).


METHODS
The postulated mechanism of action, adverse events and efficacy of MPH are examined. MPH formulations that are currently on the market in the United States and those that will soon be available are considered. Various products are examined by comparing onset of effect and duration of action.


CONCLUSIONS
MPH has a well-known efficacy and safety profile. The development of extended-release (MPH-ER) was a significant advance in ADHD treatment. Recent products offer convenience in terms of dosing and timing of drug administration to improve symptom control, but efficacy is similar among all MPH-ER products. One formulation may be more appropriate for an individual patient, but no product offers significant advantages over all others. Since MPH is only effective in about 80% of patients, identifying factors that predict drug response is an active area of research. Although MPH is not effective for every patient, until there is a better understanding of the genetic contributions and nuances of functioning of central nervous system pathways, MPH will be a first choice for the treatment of ADHD.
a Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Inc ., Las Vegas , NV , USA.
Ann C
AC
Childress
D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D008774:Methylphenidate
ADHD; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; methylphenidate; stimulants