Predictors of physical activity levels of individuals following traumatic brain injury remain unclear: A systematic review.
OBJECTIVE
To identify factors which influence physical activity levels (PALs) of people with traumatic brain injury (TBI).


METHODS
Eight electronic databases.


METHODS
A systematic search was performed to identify articles that reported the measurement (quantity) of PALs of individuals with TBI.


METHODS
Two authors reviewed andextracted the data independently. Article quality was evaluated using the Law critical review tool.


RESULTS
Six studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. All studies found that PALs of participants with TBI were below those recommended for health benefits. Although a number of environmental and personal barriers restricted PA participation, motivation and exercise self-efficacy were the most frequently identified facilitators of PA in the TBI population. Despite apparent links, the relationship between mobility capacity and PALs was unclear from the results of this systematic review.


CONCLUSIONS
The results of this systematic review demonstrated that little is known about PALs of individuals with TBI. PALs of participants with TBI were less than required for health maintenance. Self-efficacy to exercise and motivation were the most frequently identified facilitators of PA in the TBI population.
a Physiotherapy Department, Epworth Rehabilitation , Epworth Healthcare , Melbourne , Australia.|b School of Physiotherapy , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia.
Megan
M
Hamilton
a Physiotherapy Department, Epworth Rehabilitation , Epworth Healthcare , Melbourne , Australia.|c Australian Catholic University , Melbourne , Australia.
Michelle
M
Khan
b School of Physiotherapy , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia.|c Australian Catholic University , Melbourne , Australia.
Ross
R
Clark
a Physiotherapy Department, Epworth Rehabilitation , Epworth Healthcare , Melbourne , Australia.|b School of Physiotherapy , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia.
Gavin
G
Williams
b School of Physiotherapy , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia.
Adam
A
Bryant
D000070642:Brain Injuries, Traumatic / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D009042:Motivation; D000068958:Return to Sport / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D020377:Self Efficacy
Head injury; physical activity; rehabilitation