CRISPR/Cas9 Platforms for Genome Editing in Plants: Developments and Applications.
The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein9 (Cas9) genome editing system (CRISPR/Cas9) is adapted from the prokaryotic type II adaptive immunity system. The CRISPR/Cas9 tool surpasses other programmable nucleases, such as ZFNs and TALENs, for its simplicity and high efficiency. Various plant-specific CRISPR/Cas9 vector systems have been established for adaption of this technology to many plant species. In this review, we present an overview of current advances on applications of this technology in plants, emphasizing general considerations for establishment of CRISPR/Cas9 vector platforms, strategies for multiplex editing, methods for analyzing the induced mutations, factors affecting editing efficiency and specificity, and features of the induced mutations and applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in plants. In addition, we provide a perspective on the challenges of CRISPR/Cas9 technology and its significance for basic plant research and crop genetic improvement.
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Guangdong Provincial Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Xingliang
X
Ma
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Guangdong Provincial Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Qinlong
Q
Zhu
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Guangdong Provincial Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Yuanling
Y
Chen
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Guangdong Provincial Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China. Electronic address: ygliu@scau.edu.cn.
Yao-Guang
YG
Liu
D064113:CRISPR-Cas Systems / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D000072669:Gene Editing; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D009154:Mutation; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017393:RNA Editing / Q000235:genetics*; D000069896:Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases / Q000235:genetics
D010940:Plant Proteins; D000069896:Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases
CRISPR/Cas9; genome editing; multiplex editing; mutation; plants