Relationship between saccadic eye movements and formation of the Krukenberg's spindle-a CFD study.
In this research, a series of numerical simulations for evaluating the effects of saccadic eye movement on the aqueous humour (AH) flow field and movement of pigment particles in the anterior chamber (AC) was performed. To predict the flow field of AH in the AC, the unsteady forms of continuity, momentum balance and conservation of energy equations were solved using the dynamic mesh technique for simulating the saccadic motions. Different orientations of the human eye including horizontal, vertical and angles of 10° and 20° were considered. The Lagrangian particle trajectory analysis approach was used to find the trajectories of pigment particles in the eye. Particular attention was given to the relation between the saccadic eye movement and potential formation of Krukenberg's spindle in the eye. The simulation results revealed that the natural convection flow was an effective mechanism for transferring pigment particles from the iris to near the cornea. In addition, the saccadic eye movement was the dominant mechanism for deposition of pigment particles on the cornea, which could lead to the formation of Krukenberg's spindle. The effect of amplitude of saccade motion angle in addition to the orientation of the eye on the formation of Krukenberg's spindle was investigated.
Hamidreza Hajiani
HH
Boushehrian
School of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Omid
O
Abouali
School of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Khosrow
K
Jafarpur
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USAand.
Alireza
A
Ghaffarieh
Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5725, USA.
Goodarz
G
Ahmadi
D000818:Animals; D000867:Anterior Chamber / Q000502:physiology*; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000502:physiology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D057446:Hydrodynamics; D055641:Mathematical Concepts; D008954:Models, Biological; D009799:Ocular Physiological Phenomena; D012168:Retinal Pigments / Q000502:physiology; D012212:Rheology; D012438:Saccades / Q000502:physiology*
D012168:Retinal Pigments
anterior chamber; pigment particles; Krukenberg's spindle; CFD; aqueous humour; numerical.