Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Enteric Viruses in Children with Diarrhea in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Enteric viruses are a major cause of diarrhea in children, especially those under five years old. Identifying the viral agents is critical to the development of effective preventive measures. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of common enteric viruses in children under five years old in Burkina Faso. Stool samples from children with (n = 263) and without (n = 50) diarrhea disorders were collected in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso from November 2011 to September 2012. Rotavirus, norovirus, sapovirus, astrovirus, adenovirus and Aichivirus A were detected using real-time or end-point (RT-)PCR. Rotavirus strains were G and P genotyped by multiplex RT-PCR and other viral strains were characterized by sequencing of viral subgenomic segements. At least one viral agent was detected in 85.6% and 72% of the symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, respectively. Rotavirus (63.5%), adenovirus (31.2%) and genogroup II norovirus (18.2%) were the most prevalent viruses in symptomatic patients, but only rotavirus and genogroup II norovirus were significantly associated with diarrhea (OR: 7.9, 95%CI: 3.7-17; OR: 3.5, 95%CI: 1-11.7, respectively). Sapovirus (10.3%), astrovirus (4.9%), genogroup I norovirus (2.7%) and Aichivirus A (0.8%) were less prevalent. The predominant genotype of rotavirus was G9P[8] (36.5%), and the predominant norovirus strain was GII.4 variant 2012 (71.4%). Among sapovirus, the genogroup II (87.5%) predominated. Astrovirus type 1 (41.7%) was the most frequent astrovirus identified. Aichivirus A belonged to the three genotypes (A, B and C). Enteric adenoviruses type 40 and 41 were identified in 10.2% and 5.1% respectively. Several cases of co-infections were detected. The results highlight the high prevalence and the high diversity of enteric viruses in Burkinabe children.
Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, d'Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus Transmis par les Aliments, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Biologiques Alimentaires et Nutritionnelles (CRSBAN), Université de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Nafissatou
N
Ouédraogo
National Reference Centre for enteric viruses, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France.
Jérôme
J
Kaplon
Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, d'Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus Transmis par les Aliments, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Biologiques Alimentaires et Nutritionnelles (CRSBAN), Université de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.|Laboratoire National de Santé Publique, Direction de la Biologie médicale (DBM), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Isidore Juste O
IJ
Bonkoungou
Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, d'Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus Transmis par les Aliments, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Biologiques Alimentaires et Nutritionnelles (CRSBAN), Université de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Alfred Sababénédjo
AS
Traoré
National Reference Centre for enteric viruses, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France.
Pierre
P
Pothier
Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, d'Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus Transmis par les Aliments, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Biologiques Alimentaires et Nutritionnelles (CRSBAN), Université de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Nicolas
N
Barro
National Reference Centre for enteric viruses, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France.
Katia
K
Ambert-Balay
D002050:Burkina Faso / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D060085:Coinfection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D014780:Viruses / Q000235:genetics*
D004279:DNA, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral