Modulating Composition and Metabolic Activity of the Gut Microbiota in IBD Patients.
The healthy intestine represents a remarkable interface where sterile host tissues come in contact with gut microbiota, in a balanced state of homeostasis. The imbalance of gut homeostasis is associated with the onset of many severe pathological conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic gastrointestinal disorder increasing in incidence and severely influencing affected individuals. Despite the recent development of next generation sequencing and bioinformatics, the current scientific knowledge of specific triggers and diagnostic markers to improve interventional approaches in IBD is still scarce. In this review we present and discuss currently available and emerging therapeutic options in modulating composition and metabolic activity of gut microbiota in patients affected by IBD. Therapeutic approaches at the microbiota level, such as dietary interventions alone or with probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics, administration of antibiotics, performing fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and the use of nematodes, all represent a promising opportunities towards establishing and maintaining of well-being as well as improving underlying IBD symptoms.
Center for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. mario.matijasic@mef.hr.
Mario
M
Matijašić
Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology Unit, Polyclinic "Dr. Zora Profozić", Bosutska 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. tomislav.mestrovic@gmail.com.
Tomislav
T
Meštrović
Center for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. mihaela.peric@mef.hr.
Mihaela
M
Perić
Center for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. hana.paljetak@mef.hr.
Hana
H
Čipčić Paljetak
Center for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. marina.panek@mef.hr.
Marina
M
Panek
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. dvranesi@kbc-zagreb.hr.
Darija
D
Vranešić Bender
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. ljubas.dina@gmail.com.
Dina
D
Ljubas Kelečić
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. zeljko.krznaric1@zg.t-com.hr.|Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. zeljko.krznaric1@zg.t-com.hr.|Department of Internal Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. zeljko.krznaric1@zg.t-com.hr.
Željko
Ž
Krznarić
Center for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. donatella.verbanac@mef.hr.
Donatella
D
Verbanac
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004032:Diet; D000069467:Fecal Microbiota Transplantation; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D006376:Helminths / Q000502:physiology; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000628:therapy; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D056692:Prebiotics; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058616:Synbiotics
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D056692:Prebiotics
dietary interventions; fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT); gut microbiota; inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); nematodes; probiotics