Severe acute kidney injury as presentation of Burkitt's lymphoma.
We discuss a case of acute kidney injury (AKI) at a very young age caused by primary lymphomatous renal infiltration due to Burkitt's lymphoma and analyse the literature on this rare condition. At presentation, clinical examination showed impressive bilateral nephromegaly and hypertension. Blood analysis indicated severe AKI, mild anaemia and normal serum electrolytes. There were no signs of tumour lysis syndrome. Urine sediment was normal, with neither haematuria nor proteinuria. Abdominal ultrasound demonstrated bilateral renal enlargement (+12 SD), with increased corticomedullar differentiation. MRI demonstrated the presence of a homogenous renal enlargement with features of an infiltrative lesion. Ultimately, microscopic and immunohistochemical analysis of the renal biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Burkitt's lymphoma. Early and aggressive therapy is the key to ensure a good outcome.
Department of Pediatric Hemato-oncology, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Eva
E
ter Haar
Department of Pediatric Hemato-oncology, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Veerle
V
Labarque
Department of Pathology, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Thomas
T
Tousseyn
Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Djalila
D
Mekahli
D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D001706:Biopsy; D002051:Burkitt Lymphoma / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D016482:Urinalysis