Transcutaneous and Percutaneous Neurostimulation for Headache Disorders.
Noninvasive and minimally invasive extracranial stimulation has now been widely investigated for the treatment of primary headache disorders, particularly migraine. In this review, we describe methodological challenges in studying occipital and supraorbital stimulation devices. We explore the efficacy and safety of implantable occipital nerve stimulation for primary headache disorders, including the 3 randomized, sham-controlled clinical trials for chronic migraine treatment. We also review noninvasive supraorbital transcutaneous stimulation as a preventive therapy for episodic migraine.
Department of Neurology, Montefiore Headache Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.|Departments of Epidemiology and Population Health, and Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
Matthew S
MS
Robbins
Departments of Epidemiology and Population Health, and Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
Richard B
RB
Lipton
D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D020773:Headache Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
chronic; intractable; migraine; minimally invasive; neuromodulation; neurostimulation; noninvasive; occipital; refractory; supraorbital