Associations of maternal personal exposure to air pollution on fetal weight and fetoplacental Doppler: A prospective cohort study.
We determined the influence of maternal air pollution exposure during each trimester of pregnancy on fetal and birth weight and fetoplacental hemodynamics. In total, 366 women with singleton pregnancies were prospectively followed in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) were measured during each trimester using passive personal samplers. We evaluated fetal weight and Doppler velocimetry data from the umbilical, middle cerebral, and uterine arteries in the 3rd trimester, and birth weight. Multivariate analysis was performed, controlling for known determinants of fetal weight. Exposure to higher levels of O3 during the 2nd trimester was associated with higher umbilical artery pulsatility indices (PIs) [p=0.013; beta=0.017: standard error (SE)=0.007]. Exposure to higher levels of O3 during the 3rd trimester was associated with lower umbilical artery PIs (p=0.011; beta=-0.021; SE=0.008). Our results suggest that in the environment of São Paulo, O3 may affects placental vascular resistance.
Procriar Study Group, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, São Paulo University School of Medicine, Brazil.
Mariana A
MA
Carvalho
Procriar Study Group, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, São Paulo University School of Medicine, Brazil. Electronic address: lisbernardes@usp.br.
Lisandra S
LS
Bernardes
Procriar Study Group, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, São Paulo University School of Medicine, Brazil.
Karen
K
Hettfleisch
Procriar Study Group, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, São Paulo University School of Medicine, Brazil.
Luciana D M
LD
Pastro
Procriar Study Group, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Paediatric, São Paulo University School of Medicine, Brazil.
Sandra E
SE
Vieira
Procriar Study Group, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil; Health Institute, State Health Secretariat, São Paulo, Brazil.
Silvia R D M
SR
Saldiva
Procriar Study Group, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Advanced Studies of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo University, School of Medicine, Brazil.
Paulo H N
PH
Saldiva
Procriar Study Group, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, São Paulo University School of Medicine, Brazil.
Rossana P V
RP
Francisco
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D001938:Brazil; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D020567:Fetal Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D010126:Ozone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D010920:Placenta / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014469:Umbilical Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D055815:Young Adult
D000393:Air Pollutants; D010126:Ozone; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide
Air pollution; Doppler; Fetal ultrasound; In utero growth; Personal monitoring; Placental function; Pregnancy