Family Impact Scale (FIS): Cross-cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties for the Peruvian Spanish Language.
The lack of a Family Impact Scale (FIS) in Spanish language limits its use as an indicator in Spanish-speaking countries and precludes comparisons with data from other cultural and ethnic groups. The purpose of this study was therefore to adapt the FIS cross-culturally to the Peruvian Spanish language and assess its reliability and validity. In order to translate and adapt the FIS cross-culturally, it was answered by 60 parents in two pilot tests, after which it was tested on 200 parents of children aged 11 to 14 years who were clinically examined for dental caries experience and malocclusions. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient while repeat administration of the FIS on the same 200 parents enabled the test-retest reliability to be assessed via intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Construct and discriminant validity were based on associations of the FIS with global ratings of oral health and clinical groups, respectively. Mean (standard deviation) FIS total score was 5.20 (5.86). Internal consistency was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha 0.84. Test-retest reliability revealed excellent reproducibility (ICC = 0.96). Construct validity was good, demonstrating statistically significant associations between total FIS score and global ratings of oral health (p=0.007) and overall wellbeing (p=0.002), as well as for the subscale scores (p<0.05) with exception of the financial burden subscale. The FIS was also able to discriminate between children with and without dental caries experience and malocclusions (p<0.05). Satisfactory psychometric results for the Peruvian Spanish FIS confirm it as a reliable, valid instrument for assessing the impact on the family caused by children's oral conditions.
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil. jennyaa@usp.br.
Jenny
J
Abanto
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School, Universidad Científica del Sur, Peru.
Ursula
U
Albites
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Marcelo
M
Bönecker
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Saul M
SM
Paiva
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Peru.
Jorge L
JL
Castillo
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School, Universidad Científica del Sur, Peru.
Denisse
D
Aguilar-Gálvez
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003731:Dental Caries; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D010568:Peru; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
family; oral health; quality of life