Gut to systemic immune-homeostasis mediated by innate signals.
To accommodate the vast antigenic exposure from both food components and commensal bacteria, the gut has evolved a naturally anti-inflammatory environment. We have recently shown that lactic acid bacteria (LAB), a major population of small intestinal microbiota and often found in fermented foods, contain a large amount of double-stranded RNA and capable of inducing interferon-β (IFN-β) production from dendritic cells (DCs) via the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) pathway. It is a significant feature of LAB and was not observed in other bacteria tested. Moreover, IFN-β secreted in response to LAB prevented experimental colitis. These results identify TLR3 as a sensor to small intestinal commensal bacteria and contribute to anti-inflammatory mechanism. We also show that oral administration of β-glucan enhance intestinal and systemic immune response in dectin-1-dependent manner. Thus elucidation of "gut to systemic immune-homeostasis" mediated by innate signals will be valued for the development of gut-biology and science-based food immunology, with a focus on innovation in the health and medical industries.
Immune Homeostasis Lab., Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST).
Noriko M
NM
Tsuji
Huimin
H
Yan
Yohei
Y
Watanabe
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D005502:Food; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000276:immunology*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D016899:Interferon-beta; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000276:immunology; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000502:physiology; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D051196:Toll-Like Receptor 3 / Q000502:physiology; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000099181:Dectin-1
D016899:Interferon-beta; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D051196:Toll-Like Receptor 3; D047071:beta-Glucans; D000099181:Dectin-1