Biosurfactant production by hydrocarbon-degrading Brevibacterium and Vibrio isolates from the sea pen Pteroeides spinosum (Ellis, 1764).
Among filter-feeders, pennatulids are the most complex and polymorphic members of the cnidarian class Anthozoa. They display a wide distribution throughout all the oceans, constituting a significant component of the sessile megafauna from intertidal to abyssal depths. In this study, a total of 118 bacterial isolates from enrichment cultures, carried out with homogenates of the sea pen Pteroeides spinosum (Ellis, 1764), were screened for hydrocarbon utilization by using the 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol assay. Among them, 83 hydrocarbon-oxidizing isolates were analyzed for biosurfactant production by standard screening tests (i.e., emulsifying activity, E24 detection, surface tension measurement, microplate assay). The 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed the affiliation of the most promising isolates to the genera Brevibacterium and Vibrio. Biosurfactant production resulted strongly affected by salinity and temperature conditions, and occurred in the presence of diesel oil and/or crude oil, whereas no production was observed when isolates were grown on tetradecane. The strains resulted able to create stable emulsions, thus suggesting the production of biosurfactants. Further analyses revealed a glycolipidic nature of the biosurfactant extracted from Vibrio sp. PBN295, a genus that has been only recently reported as biosurfactant producer. Results suggest that pennatulids could represent a novel source for the isolation of hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria with potential in biosurfactant production.
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Marco
M
Graziano
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Carmen
C
Rizzo
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Luigi
L
Michaud
Institute for the Marine Coastal Environment, National Research Council (IAMC-CNR), Castellammare del Golfo (TP), Italy.|Department of Earth and Sea Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Erika Maria Diletta
EM
Porporato
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Emilio
E
De Domenico
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Nunziacarla
N
Spanò
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy. angelina.logiudice@iamc.cnr.it.|Institute for the Marine Coastal Environment, National Research Council (IAMC-CNR), Messina, Italy. angelina.logiudice@iamc.cnr.it.
Angelina
A
Lo Giudice
D000473:Alkanes / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D037421:Anthozoa / Q000382:microbiology*; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000382:microbiology; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D001951:Brevibacterium / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010578:Petroleum / Q000378:metabolism*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D054712:Salinity; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature; D014733:Vibrio / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*; D014877:Water Pollution, Chemical
D000473:Alkanes; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D010578:Petroleum; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C024713:n-tetradecane
Biosurfactants; Filter-feeding organisms; Pennatulids