Current Insights into Long Non-Coding RNAs in Renal Cell Carcinoma.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents a deadly disease with rising mortality despite intensive therapeutic efforts. It comprises several subtypes in terms of distinct histopathological features and different clinical presentations. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-protein-coding transcripts in the genome which vary in expression levels and length and perform diverse functions. They are involved in the inititation, evolution and progression of primary cancer, as well as in the development and spread of metastases. Recently, several lncRNAs were described in RCC. This review emphasises the rising importance of lncRNAs in RCC. Moreover, it provides an outlook on their therapeutic potential in the future.
Department of Urology, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria. maximilian.seles@medunigraz.at.
Maximilian
M
Seles
Department of Urology, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria. georg.hutterer@medunigraz.at.
Georg C
GC
Hutterer
Department of Internal Medicine I, Salzburger Landeskliniken (SALK), Paracelsus Medical University, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria. t.kiesslich@salk.at.|Laboratory for Tumour Biology and Experimental Therapies, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria. t.kiesslich@salk.at.
Tobias
T
Kiesslich
Department of Urology, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria. karl.pummer@medunigraz.at.
Karl
K
Pummer
Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA. ioananeagoe29@gmail.com.|Research Center of Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. ioananeagoe29@gmail.com.|Department of Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute Ion Chiricuta, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania. ioananeagoe29@gmail.com.
Ioana
I
Berindan-Neagoe
Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria. samantha.perakis@medunigraz.at.
Samantha
S
Perakis
Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria. daniela.schwarzenbacher@medunigraz.at.
Daniela
D
Schwarzenbacher
Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria. michael.stotz@medunigraz.at.
Michael
M
Stotz
Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria. armin.gerger@medunigraz.at.|Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria. armin.gerger@medunigraz.at.
Armin
A
Gerger
Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA. martin.pichler@medunigraz.at.|Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria. martin.pichler@medunigraz.at.
Martin
M
Pichler
D000818:Animals; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000235:genetics*
D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding
long non-coding RNAs; metastases; renal cell cancer-carcinoma