Temperature Values Variability in Piezoelectric Implant Site Preparation: Differences between Cortical and Corticocancellous Bovine Bone.
OBJECTIVE
Various parameters can influence temperature rise and detection during implant site preparation. The aim of this study is to investigate local temperature values in cortical and corticocancellous bovine bone during early stages of piezoelectric implant site preparation.


METHODS
20 osteotomies were performed using a diamond tip (IM1s, Mectron Medical Technology, Carasco, Italy) on two different types of bovine bone samples, cortical and corticocancellous, respectively. A standardized protocol was designed to provide constant working conditions. Temperatures were measured in real time at a fixed position by a fiber optic thermometer.


RESULTS
Significantly higher drilling time (154.90 sec versus 99.00 sec; p < 0.0001) and temperatures (39.26°C versus 34.73°C; p = 0.043) were observed in the cortical group compared to the corticocancellous group. A remarkable variability of results characterized the corticocancellous blocks as compared to the blocks of pure cortical bone.


CONCLUSIONS
Bone samples can influence heat generation during in vitro implant site preparation. When compared to cortical bone, corticocancellous samples present more variability in temperature values. Even controlling most experimental factors, the impact of bone samples still remains one of the main causes of temperature variability.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Luca
L
Lamazza
Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, 90139 Palermo, Italy; Me. Di. Mediterranea Diagnostica, 80053 Castellammare di Stabia, Italy.
Girolamo
G
Garreffa
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Domenica
D
Laurito
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Marco
M
Lollobrigida
National Centre of Epidemiology, Surveillance, and Promotion of Health, National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Luigi
L
Palmieri
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Alberto
A
De Biase
D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D002417:Cattle; D000071538:Cortical Bone / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D059745:Piezosurgery; D013696:Temperature