Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Exosomes: A New Hope for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease?
Cardiovascular disease is a major target for numerous experimental stem (progenitor) cell-based therapies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from different sources confer regenerative effects in animal models of cardiovascular disease. Some of these investigations have proceeded into phase I and II clinical trials for limb ischemia, heart failure, and acute myocardial infarction. The rationale for MSC therapy is increasingly recognized on a secretion (paracrine) rather than differentiation mechanism. Recently, several groups have demonstrated that the "exosome" is a secreted agent mediating MSC therapeutic efficacy. Unlike cell therapy, exosomes have no risk of aneuploidy, and a lower rate of immune rejection following allogeneic administration. In this short review, we will focus on the potential of using this novel therapeutic modality for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, particularly acute myocardial infarction.


BACKGROUND
Cardiovascular disease; Exosome; Mesenchymal.
Department of Cardiology, Feng Yuan Hospital of the Ministry of Health and Welfare; ; L5 Research Center, China Medical University (CMU) Hospital, CMU;
Chen-Rong
CR
Tsao
Department of Cardiology, Feng Yuan Hospital of the Ministry of Health and Welfare;
Mau-Fang
MF
Liao
Department of Cardiology, Feng Yuan Hospital of the Ministry of Health and Welfare; ; Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung;
Min-Hsiung
MH
Wang
Department of Cardiology, Feng Yuan Hospital of the Ministry of Health and Welfare;
Chien-Ming
CM
Cheng
L5 Research Center, China Medical University (CMU) Hospital, CMU; ; Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU) Hospital, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; ; Vascular and Medicinal Research, Texas Heart Institute, 6770 Bertner Avenue, MC 2-255, Houston, TX 77030; ; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Chu-Huang
CH
Chen