Individual and Neighborhood Determinants of Late HIV Diagnosis Among Latinos, Florida, 2007-2011.
The objective of this study was to examine individual and neighborhood determinants of late HIV diagnosis by gender and birthplace among Latinos. Florida HIV surveillance data for 2007-2011 were merged with American Community Survey data to estimate the odds of late HIV diagnosis (AIDS within 3 months of HIV diagnosis). Of 5522 HIV-positive Latinos, 26.5 % were diagnosed late. The odds ratio (OR) for late diagnosis was 1.39 times higher for males than females [95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.14-1.69]. Neighborhood-level factors associated with late diagnosis included residing in the 3 highest quartiles of neighborhood unemployment for males. The OR was 1.22 times higher for foreign- than US-born Latinos (95 % CI 1.07-1.40). Among foreign-born, residing in areas in the 2nd and 3rd quartiles of unemployment, in rural areas, and areas with <25 % Hispanic/Latino population were associated with late diagnosis. Population-based HIV testing campaigns may require tailoring to ensure that they effectively reach male Latinos in areas with high unemployment and foreign-born Latinos in rural and predominantly non-Latino areas.
Center for Substance Use and HIV/AIDS Research on Latinos in the United States (C-SALUD), Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.|Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, AHC 5, Room 478, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
Diana M
DM
Sheehan
Center for Substance Use and HIV/AIDS Research on Latinos in the United States (C-SALUD), Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. trepkam@fiu.edu.|Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, AHC 5, Room 478, Miami, FL, 33199, USA. trepkam@fiu.edu.
Mary Jo
MJ
Trepka
Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, AHC 5, Room 478, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
Kristopher P
KP
Fennie
Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
Guillermo
G
Prado
Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, AHC 5, Room 478, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
Purnima
P
Madhivanan
Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, School of Education, University at Albany - State University of New York, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.
Frank R
FR
Dillon
HIV/AIDS Section, Florida Department of Health, 4052 Bald Cypress Way, Tallahassee, FL, 32399, USA.
Lorene M
LM
Maddox
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D057210:Delayed Diagnosis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology*; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Foreign-born Latinos; Human immunodeficiency virus; Late diagnosis; Latinos