High prevalence of malnutrition and deranged relationship between energy demands and food intake in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
The relation between dietary intake and metabolic profile in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was evaluated. Patients with NSCLC were recruited and their caloric requirement and resting energy expenditure (REE) were calculated using the Harris-Benedict equation and Katch-McArdle formula respectively. Hypermetabolic state was defined as REE more than 10% above the basal metabolic rate (BMR). Body composition parameters were calculated by bioelectric impedance method. The 24-h dietary intake method and Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool assessed nutritional intake. One hundred and forty-eight subjects were included (87% males). Of these, 46.6% subjects were hypermetabolic and 31% cachexic, with lower calorie and protein intakes than recommended, although per cent of total energy derived from protein, fat and carbohydrates were similar. Hypermetabolic patients had lower BMI, though the per cent deficit in energy and protein consumption was similar. Cachexia was associated with lower BMR but not with deficit in energy or protein consumption. No correlation was seen between dietary intake and body composition parameters. The calorie and protein intake of NSCLC patients is lower than recommended. The discordance between elevated REE and dietary intake implies that the relationship between increased energy demands and food intake may be altered.
Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Disorders, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
A
A
Mohan
Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Disorders, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
R
R
Poulose
Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Disorders, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
I
I
Kulshreshtha
Department of Dietitics and Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
A M
AM
Chautani
Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Disorders, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
K
K
Madan
Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Disorders, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
V
V
Hadda
Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Disorders, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
R
R
Guleria
D015992:Body Mass Index; D002100:Cachexia / Q000209:etiology; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017567:Karnofsky Performance Status; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D013147:Spirometry / Q000379:methods; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology
lung cancer; metabolic; nutrition