Association of Endoscopic Esophageal Variceal Ligation with Duodenal Ulcer.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the frequency of duodenal ulcer (DU), as well as other clinical characteristics occurring after endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) of the esophagus.


METHODS
Descriptive study.


METHODS
The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China, from April 2012 to April 2013.


METHODS
A total of 47 patients with esophageal varices (EVr) who had also undergone EVL and gastroscopic follow-up within 3 months of the procedure was retrospectively analyzed. The status of Helicobacter pylori(Hp) infection, Child-Pugh classification, and the grades of portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) were collected. Sixty EVr patients without EVL treatment, but with clinical data available, served as the control group.


RESULTS
The frequency of DU in the EVL group (29.8%, 14/47) was higher than the control group (6.7%, 4/60) (p=0.02). Hp infection rate in EVLgroup was 19.15% (9/47), while in control group was 21.67% (13/60) (p=0.813). Hp positive rate (12.5%, 1/8) in patients exhibited new DUs after EVL was comparable to the patients without DU in the EVL group (12.1%, 4/33) (p=1.00). Patients with DU after EVL received 18.79 &amp;plusmn;8.48 of ligating bands, while in those who did not exhibit DUs received 13.85 &amp;plusmn;6.47 (z = -2.042, p = 0.041). Logistic regression analysis showed that the occurrence of DU was not associated with age, gender, Child-Pugh classification, or the grade of PHG (p &amp;gt; 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Esophageal EVL is associated with a higher frequency of developing DU, which is related to a larger number of applied bands but is not correlated with Hp infection status or other variables.
Department of Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.
Ze-Hao
ZH
Zhuang
Department of Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.
Ai-Fang
AF
Lin
Department of Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.
Du-Peng
DP
Tang
Department of Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.
Jing-Jing
JJ
Wei
Department of Gastroenterology, People&amp;#039;s Hospital of Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Changji 831100, China.
Zheng-Ji
ZJ
Liu
Department of Gastroenterology, People&amp;#039;s Hospital of Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Changji 831100, China.
Xiao-Mei
XM
Xin
Department of Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.
Yu-Feng
YF
Pan
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D006975:Hypertension, Portal / Q000150:complications*; D015994:Incidence; D008026:Ligation / Q000379:methods; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013272:Stomach Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome