Use of Head Guards in AIBA Boxing Tournaments-A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.
OBJECTIVE
This study looks at the changes in injuries after the implementation of a new rule by the International Boxing Association (AIBA) to remove head guards from its competitions.


METHODS
A cross-sectional observational study performed prospectively. This brief report examines the removal of head guards in 2 different ways. The first was to examine the stoppages due to blows to the head by comparing World Series Boxing (WSB), without head guards, to other AIBA competitions with head guards. Secondly, we examined the last 3 world championships: 2009 and 2011 (with head guards) and 2013 (without head guards).


METHODS
World Series Boxing and AIBA world championship boxing.


METHODS
Boxers from WSB and AIBA world championships.


METHODS
The information was recorded by ringside medical physicians.


METHODS
Stoppages per 10 000 rounds; stoppages per 1000 hours.


RESULTS
Both studies show that the number of stoppages due to head blows was significantly decreased without head guards. The studies also showed that there was a notable increase in cuts.


CONCLUSIONS
Removing head guards may reduce the already small risk of acute brain injury in amateur boxing.
*AIBA Medical Commission, International Boxing Association, Lausanne, Switzerland; †Institute of Sport Exercise and Health, University College Hospital London, London, United Kingdom; ‡AIBA Scientific Commission, International Boxing Association, Lausanne, Switzerland; and §NorthShore Neurological Institute, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois.
Michael P
MP
Loosemore
Charles F
CF
Butler
Abdelhamid
A
Khadri
David
D
McDonagh
Vimal A
VA
Patel
Julian E
JE
Bailes
D001914:Boxing / Q000293:injuries*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016489:Head Injuries, Closed / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006260:Head Protective Devices; D006801:Humans; D022125:Lacerations / Q000453:epidemiology*