Metabolic regulation via enzyme filamentation.
Determining the mechanisms of enzymatic regulation is central to the study of cellular metabolism. Regulation of enzyme activity via polymerization-mediated strategies has been shown to be widespread, and plays a vital role in mediating cellular homeostasis. In this review, we begin with an overview of the filamentation of CTP synthase, which forms filamentous structures termed cytoophidia. We then highlight other important examples of the phenomenon. Moreover, we discuss recent data relating to the regulation of enzyme activity by compartmentalization into cytoophidia. Finally, we hypothesize potential roles for enzyme filament formation in the regulation of metabolism, development and disease.
a MRC Functional Genomics Unit, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics , University of Oxford , Oxford , UK.
Gabriel N
GN
Aughey
a MRC Functional Genomics Unit, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics , University of Oxford , Oxford , UK.
Ji-Long
JL
Liu
D000818:Animals; D019731:Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D055503:Protein Multimerization / Q000502:physiology*
D019731:Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases; C019951:CTP synthetase
CTP synthase; IMP dehydrogenase; cytoophidium; intracellular compartmentation; metabolism