Coronary Artery Disease Is a Predictor of Progression to Dialysis in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Anemia: An Analysis of the Trial to Reduce Cardiovascular Events With Aranesp Therapy (TREAT).
Although clear evidence shows that chronic kidney disease is a predictor of cardiovascular events, death, and accelerated coronary artery disease (CAD) progression, it remains unknown whether CAD is a predictor of progression of chronic kidney disease to end-stage renal disease. We sought to assess whether CAD adds prognostic information to established predictors of progression to dialysis in patients with chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and anemia.



Using the previously described Trial to Reduce Cardiovascular Events With Aranesp Therapy (TREAT) population, we compared baseline characteristics of patients with and without CAD. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between CAD and the outcomes of end-stage renal disease and the composite of death or end-stage renal disease. Of the 4038 patients, 1791 had a history of known CAD. These patients were older (mean age 70 versus 65 years, P<0.001) and more likely to have other cardiovascular disease. CAD patients were less likely to have marked proteinuria (29% versus 39%, P<0.001), but there was no significant difference in estimated glomerular filtration rate between the 2 groups. After adjusting for age, sex, race, estimated glomerular filtration rate, proteinuria, treatment group, and 14 other renal risk factors, patients with CAD were significantly more likely to progress to end-stage renal disease (adjusted hazard ratio 1.20 [95% CI 1.01-1.42], P=0.04) and to have the composite of death or end-stage renal disease (adjusted hazard ratio 1.15 [95% CI 1.01-1.30], P=0.03).



In patients with chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and anemia, a history of CAD is an independent predictor of progression to dialysis. In patients with diabetic nephropathy, a history of CAD contributes important prognostic information to traditional risk factors for worsening renal disease.
Cardiology Division, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA marwa.sabe@gmail.com.
Marwa A
MA
Sabe
Cardiovascular Division, Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
Brian
B
Claggett
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Emmanuel A
EA
Burdmann
Cardiovascular Division, Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
Akshay S
AS
Desai
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.
Peter
P
Ivanovich
Division of Research and Development, Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA.
Reshma
R
Kewalramani
Cardiovascular Division, Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
Eldrin F
EF
Lewis
Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK.
John J V
JJ
McMurray
Division of Research and Development, Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA.
Kurt A
KA
Olson
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.
Patrick
P
Parfrey
Cardiovascular Division, Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
Scott D
SD
Solomon
Cardiovascular Division, Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
Marc A
MA
Pfeffer
D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000068256:Darbepoetin alfa / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006397:Hematinics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors
D006397:Hematinics; D000068256:Darbepoetin alfa
coronary disease; diabetes mellitus; kidney