Biomolecular interaction analysis for carbon nanotubes and for biocompatibility prediction.
The interactions between carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and biologics have been commonly studied by various microscopy and spectroscopy methods. We tried biomolecular interaction analysis to measure the kinetic interactions between proteins and CNTs. The analysis demonstrated that wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and other proteins have high affinity toward carboxylated CNT (f-MWCNT) but essentially no binding to normal CNT (p-MWCNT). The binding of f-MWCNT-protein showed dose dependence, and the observed kinetic constants were in the range of 10(-9) to 10(-11) M with very small off-rates (10(-3) to 10(-7) s(-1)), indicating a relatively tight and stable f-MWCNT-protein complex formation. Interestingly in hemolysis assay, p-MWCNT showed good biocompatibility, f-MWCNT caused 30% hemolysis, but WGA-coated f-MWCNT did not show hemolysis. Furthermore, the f-MWCNT-WGA complex demonstrated enhanced cytotoxicity toward cancer cells, perhaps through the glycoproteins expressed on the cells' surface. Taken together, biomolecular interaction analysis is a precise method that might be useful in evaluating the binding affinity of biologics to CNTs and in predicting biological actions.
College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China. Electronic address: chxp@zjut.edu.cn.
Xiaoping
X
Chen
College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
Jinzhang
J
Fang
College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
Yun
Y
Cheng
College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
Jianhui
J
Zheng
College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
Jingjing
J
Zhang
College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
Tao
T
Chen
College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China. Electronic address: ruanbf@zjut.edu.cn.
Benfang Helen
BH
Ruan
D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002645:Chickens; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006461:Hemolysis; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D007962:Leukocytes; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014909:Wheat Germ Agglutinins / Q000737:chemistry*
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D014909:Wheat Germ Agglutinins
Biocompatibility; Biomolecular interaction analysis; Carbon nanotubes; Hemolysis; Modified biomaterials