A European Database of Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum Trichothecene Genotypes.
Fusarium species, particularly Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum, are the main cause of trichothecene type B contamination in cereals. Data on the distribution of Fusarium trichothecene genotypes in cereals in Europe are scattered in time and space. Furthermore, a common core set of related variables (sampling method, host cultivar, previous crop, etc.) that would allow more effective analysis of factors influencing the spatial and temporal population distribution, is lacking. Consequently, based on the available data, it is difficult to identify factors influencing chemotype distribution and spread at the European level. Here we describe the results of a collaborative integrated work which aims (1) to characterize the trichothecene genotypes of strains from three Fusarium species, collected over the period 2000-2013 and (2) to enhance the standardization of epidemiological data collection. Information on host plant, country of origin, sampling location, year of sampling and previous crop of 1147 F. graminearum, 479 F. culmorum, and 3 F. cortaderiae strains obtained from 17 European countries was compiled and a map of trichothecene type B genotype distribution was plotted for each species. All information on the strains was collected in a freely accessible and updatable database (www.catalogueeu.luxmcc.lu), which will serve as a starting point for epidemiological analysis of potential spatial and temporal trichothecene genotype shifts in Europe. The analysis of the currently available European dataset showed that in F. graminearum, the predominant genotype was 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON) (82.9%), followed by 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON) (13.6%), and nivalenol (NIV) (3.5%). In F. culmorum, the prevalent genotype was 3-ADON (59.9%), while the NIV genotype accounted for the remaining 40.1%. Both, geographical and temporal patterns of trichothecene genotypes distribution were identified.
Department of Environmental Research and Innovation, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology Belvaux, Luxembourg.
Matias
M
Pasquali
Department of Environmental Research and Innovation, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology Belvaux, Luxembourg.
Marco
M
Beyer
Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council Bari, Italy.
Antonio
A
Logrieco
Department of Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University Ghent, Belgium.
Kris
K
Audenaert
Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari Sassari, Italy.
Virgilio
V
Balmas
BIOGER UMR, INRA Thiverval-Grignon, France.
Ryan
R
Basler
ANSES, Plant Health Laboratory Angers, France.
Anne-Laure
AL
Boutigny
Division of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Crop Research Institute Prague, Czech Republic.
Jana
J
Chrpová
Department of Grasses, Legumes and Energy Plants, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute Radzikow, Poland.
Elżbieta
E
Czembor
Laboratory of Mycology and Phytopathology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection St. Petersburg, Russia.
Tatiana
T
Gagkaeva
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid Madrid, Spain.
María T
MT
González-Jaén
Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research Ås, Norway.
Ingerd S
IS
Hofgaard
Department of Plant Protection, Agriculture Faculty, Namık Kemal University Tekirdag, Turkey.
Nagehan D
ND
Köycü
Department of Environmental Research and Innovation, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology Belvaux, Luxembourg.
Lucien
L
Hoffmann
Laboratory of Phytopathology and Entomology, Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje Belgrade, Serbia.
Jelena
J
Lević
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid Madrid, Spain.
Patricia
P
Marin
Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim Stuttgart, Germany.
Thomas
T
Miedaner
Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari Sassari, Italy.
Quirico
Q
Migheli
Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council Bari, Italy.
Antonio
A
Moretti
Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry Müncheberg, Germany.
Marina E H
ME
Müller
Applied Microbiology, Earth and Life Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
Françoise
F
Munaut
Department Natural Resources and Bioproduction, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) Jokioinen, Finland.
Päivi
P
Parikka
Department of Environmental Research and Innovation, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology Belvaux, Luxembourg.
Marine
M
Pallez-Barthel
Department of Environmental Research and Innovation, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology Belvaux, Luxembourg.
Jonathan
J
Piec
Applied Microbiology, Earth and Life Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
Jonathan
J
Scauflaire
Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari Sassari, Italy.
Barbara
B
Scherm
Laboratory of Phytopathology and Entomology, Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje Belgrade, Serbia.
Slavica
S
Stanković
Section for Eukaryotic Biotechnology, DTU Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Ulf
U
Thrane
Section for Chemistry and Toxicology, Norwegian Veterinary Institute Oslo, Norway.
Silvio
S
Uhlig
Department of Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University Ghent, Belgium.
Adriaan
A
Vanheule
Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku Turku, Finland.
Tapani
T
Yli-Mattila
Research Division Grassland Sciences and Agro-Ecosystems, Institute for Sustainability Sciences, Agroscope Zürich, Switzerland.
Susanne
S
Vogelgsang
Fusarium; acetyldeoxynivalenol; chemotype; database; genotype; mycotoxin; nivalenol; trichothecene