Recovery effect of pre-germinated brown rice on the alteration of sperm quality, testicular structure and androgen receptor expression in rat model of depression.
Depression and antidepressant drugs induce adverse effects in male reproduction. Therefore, it is important to investigate alternative treatment for depression without adverse effects on the male reproductive system. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pre-germinated brown rice (PGBR) on sperm quality, testicular structure and androgen receptor (AR) expression in rat model of depression. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups including control (distilled water only), depression induced by forced swimming test (FST), FST + fluoxetine (antidepressant drug), FST + GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) (standard) and FST + PGBR. When compared with the control, sperm motility showed a significant decrease in FST + fluoxetine group. Sperm morphology also decreased significantly in depression and FST + fluoxetine groups. The morphological changes of seminiferous tubules showed significant increases in depression and FST + fluoxetine groups, while AR expression showed significant decreases in depression, FST + fluoxetine and FST + GABA groups. Interestingly, there were no significant differences in all sperm quality parameters, testicular structure and AR expression in FST + PGBR group. These findings reflect the recovery effects of PGBR treatment on sperm quality, morphological changes of seminiferous tubules and AR expression in stress-induced rats. Therefore, PGBR may potentially develop for the treatment for depression without adverse effect on male reproduction.
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
J
J
Roboon
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.|Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
S
S
Nudmamud-Thanoi
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.|Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
S
S
Thanoi
D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D012275:Oryza; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000378:metabolism*; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013550:Swimming; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology
D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D005473:Fluoxetine; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
Androgen receptor; depression; fluoxetine; pre-germinated brown rice; sperm quality; testicular structure