Biorefinery approach for cassava-based industrial wastes: Current status and opportunities.
Cassava, an important food crop, has been extensively employed as raw materials for various agri-industries to produce starch, bioethanol and other biobased products/chemicals. These cassava-based industries also generate large quantities of wastes/residues, rich in organic matter and suspended solids, and pose significant environmental issues. Their complex biochemical composition with high organic content endows them with a great potential for bioconversion into value-added products via biorefinery thereby providing economic and environmental sustainability to cassava industries. This state-of-the-art review covers the source, composition and characteristics of cassava industrial wastes and residues, and their bioconversion into value-added products, mainly biofuels (ethanol and butanol), biogas, biosurfactant, organic acids and other valuable biochemicals among others. This paper also outlines future perspectives with respect to developing more effective and efficient bioconversion processes for converting the cassava wastes and residues into high-value products.
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Institute of Biofilm Technology, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
Ming
M
Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Institute of Biofilm Technology, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China. Electronic address: sally.xieli@tongji.edu.cn.
Li
L
Xie
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Institute of Biofilm Technology, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
Zhixuan
Z
Yin
Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering (MBBE), University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Agricultural Sciences Building 218, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States.
Samir Kumar
SK
Khanal
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Institute of Biofilm Technology, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
Qi
Q
Zhou
D056804:Biofuels; D018533:Biomass; D001709:Biotechnology; D000431:Ethanol; D007220:Industrial Waste; D002365:Manihot / Q000737:chemistry*; D013213:Starch
D056804:Biofuels; D007220:Industrial Waste; D000431:Ethanol; D013213:Starch
Bioconversion; Bioenergy; Biorefinery; Cassava wastes/residues; Value-added products