Differences in autonomic neural activity during exercise between the second and third trimesters of pregnancy.
OBJECTIVE
To test the hypothesis that autonomic neural activity in pregnant women during exercise varies according to gestational age.


METHODS
This cross-sectional study involved 20 healthy women in their second (n = 13) or third (n = 7) trimester of pregnancy. Incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed with an electromagnetic cycle ergometer. Heart rate variability was analyzed by frequency analysis software.


RESULTS
The low-frequency to high-frequency (LF/HF) ratio, an indicator of the sympathetic nervous system, was significantly higher in third trimester than in second trimester subjects (P < 0.05) at 1, 2, and 3 min of incremental exercise testing. In contrast, the HF/total power ratio, an indicator of rapidly acting parasympathetic activity, was significantly higher in second trimester than in third trimester subjects (P < 0.05) at 2 and 3 min. In addition, a negative correlation was found between gestational age and the 'accumulation half-time' of the LH/HF ratio, the time point at which the sum of the LF/HF ratio reached 50% of that accumulated in the total 6 min of exercise testing (r = -0.49, P = 0.028).


CONCLUSIONS
The autonomic response to exercise in pregnant women differs between the second and third trimesters. These differences should be considered when prescribing exercise to pregnant women.
School of Nursing/Graduate School of Nursing, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.|Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.
Akemi
A
Nakagaki
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.
Takayuki
T
Inami
School of Nursing & Health, Aichi Prefectural University, Nagoya, Japan.
Tetsuji
T
Minoura
Department of Cardiology, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Centre, Obu, Japan.
Reizo
R
Baba
Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.
Satoshi
S
Iwase
Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.
Motohiko
M
Sato
D000328:Adult; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015444:Exercise; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third
autonomic neural activity; exercise; pregnant women; second trimester; third trimester