Monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility of respiratory tract pathogens isolated from diseased cattle and pigs across Europe, 2009-2012: VetPath results.
VetPath is an ongoing pan-European antibiotic susceptibility monitoring programme that collects pathogens from diseased cattle, pigs and poultry. In the current study, 996 isolates from cattle and pig respiratory tract infections were tested for their antimicrobial susceptibilities. Non-replicate lung samples or nasopharyngeal/nasal swabs were collected from animals with acute clinical signs in 10 countries during 2009-2012. Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica and Histophilus somni from cattle and P. multocida, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Haemophilus parasuis, Bordetella bronchiseptica and Streptococcus suis from pigs were isolated by standard methods. S. suis was also isolated from meningitis cases. MIC values of 16 or 17 antibiotics were assessed centrally by broth microdilution following CLSI standards. Results were interpreted using CLSI breakpoints where available. Cattle isolates were generally highly susceptible to most antibiotics, except to tetracycline (3.0-12.0% resistance). Low levels of resistance (0-4.0%) were observed for the macrolide antibiotics. Resistance to spectinomycin varied from 0 to 6.0%. In pig isolates similar observations were made. Resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, florfenicol, tulathromycin, tiamulin and tilmicosin was absent or <2%. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole resistance varied from 1.9 to 5.3%, but tetracycline resistance varied from 20.4% in P. multocida to 88.1% in S. suis. For most antibiotics and pathogens the percentage resistance remained unchanged or only increased numerically as compared to that of the period 2002-2006. In conclusion, absence or low resistance to antibiotics with defined clinical breakpoints, except for tetracycline, was observed among the major respiratory tract pathogens recovered from livestock. Comparison of all antibiotics and organisms was hampered since for almost half of the antibiotics no CLSI-defined breakpoints were available.
VetPath Study Group, c/o CEESA, 168 Ave de Tervueren, 1150 Brussels, Belgium; Vétoquinol S.A., Lure, France.
Farid
F
El Garch
VetPath Study Group, c/o CEESA, 168 Ave de Tervueren, 1150 Brussels, Belgium; Bayer Animal Health GmbH, Leverkusen, Germany.
Anno
A
de Jong
VetPath Study Group, c/o CEESA, 168 Ave de Tervueren, 1150 Brussels, Belgium; Elanco Animal Health, Basingstoke, UK.
Shabbir
S
Simjee
VetPath Study Group, c/o CEESA, 168 Ave de Tervueren, 1150 Brussels, Belgium; Zoetis, Zaventem, Belgium.
Hilde
H
Moyaert
VetPath Study Group, c/o CEESA, 168 Ave de Tervueren, 1150 Brussels, Belgium; Elanco Animal Health, Basingstoke, UK.
Ulrich
U
Klein
VetPath Study Group, c/o CEESA, 168 Ave de Tervueren, 1150 Brussels, Belgium; Bayer Animal Health GmbH, Leverkusen, Germany.
Carolin
C
Ludwig
VetPath Study Group, c/o CEESA, 168 Ave de Tervueren, 1150 Brussels, Belgium; European Animal Health Study Centre (CEESA), Brussels, Belgium.
Hervé
H
Marion
VetPath Study Group, c/o CEESA, 168 Ave de Tervueren, 1150 Brussels, Belgium; Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany.
Silke
S
Haag-Diergarten
VetPath Study Group, c/o CEESA, 168 Ave de Tervueren, 1150 Brussels, Belgium; Merial, Lyon, France.
Alexandra
A
Richard-Mazet
VetPath Study Group, c/o CEESA, 168 Ave de Tervueren, 1150 Brussels, Belgium; MSD Animal Health, Schwabenheim, Germany.
Valérie
V
Thomas
LGC, Fordham, UK,. Electronic address: anno.jong@bayer.com.
Ed
E
Siegwart
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005060:Europe; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000382:microbiology*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
Antimicrobial resistance; Cattle; Minimal inhibitory concentrations; Pigs; Surveillance