An optimized capillary electrophoresis method for the simultaneous analysis of biomass degradation products in ionic liquid containing samples.
An indirect capillary electrophoresis method for a quantitative determination of mono-, di- and oligosaccharides was developed to investigate biomass degradation, the isomerization of glucose into fructose and conversion of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) in ionic liquids (ILs). Three chromophores, namely 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (PDC), maleic acid and phthalic acid, were used to perform indirect detection. The electroosmotic flow (EOF) was reversed to reduce analysis time, using 1-tetradecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C14MImCl). The simultaneous separation of the underivatized mono-, di- and oligosaccharides was performed using four cellodextrin oligomers (cellotriose, cellotetraose, cellopentaose, cellohexaose), eight carbohydrates (xylose, fructose, glucose, galactose, lactose, cellobiose, raffinose, sucrose), two organic acids (acetic acid, levulinic acid) and 5-HMF. The best performance was obtained using background electrolyte (BGE) composed of 138.2mM NaOH, 40mM maleic acid and 5mMC14MImCl, the applied voltage was -21.7kV. The linear ranges for analyzed compounds were following: organic acids, raffinose and sucrose from 0.20 to 7mM, cellodextrin oligomers from 0.25 to 5mM, other analyzed carbohydrates from 0.25 to 7mM and 5-HMF from 0.05 to 7mM. The relative standard deviations (RSD) of peak areas varied from 3.47 to 9.62% during a 5-day analysis period and 0.58-5.29% during one day.
Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia. Electronic address: tiina.aid@ttu.ee.
Tiina
T
Aid
Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia.
Loore
L
Paist
Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia.
Margus
M
Lopp
Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia.
Mihkel
M
Kaljurand
Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia.
Merike
M
Vaher
D018533:Biomass; D002482:Cellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D003912:Dextrins / Q000737:chemistry; D004573:Electrolytes; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods; D005632:Fructose / Q000737:chemistry; D005947:Glucose / Q000737:chemistry; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D007536:Isomerism; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000032:analysis*
D003912:Dextrins; D004573:Electrolytes; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D005632:Fructose; D002482:Cellulose; C068994:cellodextrin; D005947:Glucose
Capillary electrophoresis; Carbohydrates; Cellulose; Ionic liquids