Right Place, Right Time: Focalization of Membrane Proteins in Gram-Positive Bacteria.
Membrane proteins represent a significant proportion of total bacterial proteins and perform vital cellular functions ranging from exchanging metabolites and genetic material, secretion and sorting, sensing signal molecules, and cell division. Many of these functions are carried out at distinct foci on the bacterial membrane, and this subcellular localization can be coordinated by a number of factors, including lipid microdomains, protein-protein interactions, and membrane curvature. Elucidating the mechanisms behind focal protein localization in bacteria informs not only protein structure-function correlation, but also how to disrupt the protein function to limit virulence. Here we review recent advances describing a functional role for subcellular localization of membrane proteins involved in genetic transfer, secretion and sorting, cell division and growth, and signaling.
Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
Sumitra D
SD
Mitra
Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
Irina
I
Afonina
Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. Electronic address: kkline@ntu.edu.sg.
Kimberly A
KA
Kline
D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D058947:Bacterial Secretion Systems / Q000502:physiology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals; D021381:Protein Transport; D014170:Transformation, Genetic; D014774:Virulence
D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D058947:Bacterial Secretion Systems; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals
Gram-positive; focal localization; membrane protein