Impact of the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the Brazilian routine childhood national immunization program.
Brazil introduced the 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV, Synflorix™, GSK Vaccines) in the routine childhood immunization program in 2010 with a 3+1 schedule (with catch-up for children <2 years-old). This review represents the first analysis of the overall impact of a second-generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal carriage and all the major pneumococcal disease manifestations in a single, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine-naïve, developing country. A total of 15 published articles and 13 congress abstracts were included in the analysis. In children <5 years-old, studies showed a positive impact of PHiD-CV on the incidence of vaccine-type and any-type invasive pneumococcal disease (including decreases in pneumococcal meningitis morbidity and mortality), on pneumonia incidence and mortality, and on otitis media. Nasopharyngeal carriage of vaccine-type and any-type pneumococci decreased after the primary doses, with no early signs of replacement with other pathogens. Finally, herd protection against vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia in unvaccinated subjects was shown in some studies for some age groups. In conclusion, pneumococcal disease decreased after the introduction of PHiD-CV into the Brazilian national immunization program. Further follow-up is needed to evaluate the long-term overall impact of PHiD-CV in the Brazilian population.
GSK Vaccines, Wavre, Belgium. Electronic address: marta.x.moreira@gsk.com.
Marta
M
Moreira
GSK Vaccines, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Otavio
O
Cintra
4Clinics, Paris, France.
Julie
J
Harriague
GSK Vaccines, Wavre, Belgium.
William P
WP
Hausdorff
GSK Vaccines, Wavre, Belgium.
Bernard
B
Hoet
D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002353:Carrier State / Q000382:microbiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D032521:Immunity, Herd; D017589:Immunization Programs; D008586:Meningitis, Pneumococcal / Q000517:prevention & control; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000382:microbiology; D064887:Observational Studies as Topic; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000517:prevention & control; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011018:Pneumonia, Pneumococcal / Q000517:prevention & control; D011159:Population Surveillance; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
C586648:10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines
Acute otitis media; Brazil; Invasive pneumococcal disease; Nasopharyngeal carriage; Pneumonia; Streptococcus pneumoniae