New insights into the bioactivity of peptides from probiotics.
Probiotics are unique bacteria that offer several therapeutic benefits to human beings when administered in optimum amounts. Probiotics are able to produce antimicrobial substances, which stimulate the body's immune responses. Here, we review in detail the anti-infective peptides derived from probiotics and their potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities, including a major role in cross-talk between probiotics and gut microbiota under adverse conditions. Insights from the engineered cell surface of probiotics may provide novel anti-infective therapy by heterologous expression of receptor peptides of bacterial toxins. It may be possible to use antigenic peptides from viral pathogens as live vaccines. Another possibility is to generate antiviral peptides that bind directly to virus particles, while some peptides exert anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. Some extracellular polymeric substances might serve as anti-infective peptides. These avenues of treatment have remained largely unexplored to date, despite their potential in generating powerful anti-inflammatory and anti-infective products.
Anti-Infective Research Lab., Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721102, WB, India, mandalsm@gmail.com.
Santi M
SM
Mandal
Anti-Infective Research Lab., Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721102, WB, India.
Bikas R
BR
Pati
Department of Biotechnology, North Bengal University, Siliguri- 734013, Darjeeling, India.
Ranadhir
R
Chakraborty
S-Inova, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Biotecnologia, Universidade Catolica Dom Bosco, 79117-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
Octavio L
OL
Franco
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000378:metabolism; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D019936:Probiotics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001430:Bacteriocins; D007155:Immunologic Factors