Unexpected Effect of Calcium Channel Blockers on the Optic Nerve Compartment Syndrome.
BACKGROUND
The optic nerve compartment syndrome is a pathological condition in which cerebrospinal fluid of the subarachnoid space surrounding the optic nerve is partly or totally segregated from the cerebrospinal fluid of the intracranial subarachnoid space, leading - inter alia - to an increase in the diameter of the optic nerve sheath. The pathogenesis of this condition remains unclear. We have observed clinically that optic nerve compartment syndrome often occurs in normal tension glaucoma patients with Flammer syndrome. To treat Flammer syndrome, some glaucoma patients received a low dose of a calcium channel blocker and we analysed whether this treatment also had an effect on the optic nerve compartment syndrome.


METHODS
We retrospectively analysed the data of 10 eyes of seven patients suffering from a combination of primary open angle glaucoma, optic nerve compartment syndrome, and Flammer syndrome. We included subjects who had eye socket echography before and after a few months of therapy with a calcium channel blocker.


RESULTS
All patients received a low dose of a calcium channel blocker (nifedipine or amlodipine) to treat Flammer syndrome. As expected, the symptoms of Flammer syndrome were mitigated. To our surprise, the optic nerve compartment syndrome also improved in eight of the 10 eyes (80 %), but remained unchanged in the remainder.


CONCLUSIONS
To some extent, the optic nerve compartment syndrome is related to the combination of primary open angle glaucoma and Flammer syndrome. On the basis of our results, we hypothesise that treatment of Flammer syndrome may also improve the optic nerve compartment syndrome.
University of Basel, Department of Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland (Chairman ad interim: Prof. S. Orguel).
K
K
Konieczka
University of Basel, Department of Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland (Chairman ad interim: Prof. S. Orguel).
M G
MG
Todorova
McGill University Department of Medicine, Montreal, Canada (Chair: Dr. James Martin).
R I
RI
Bojinova
University of Basel, Department of Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland (Chairman ad interim: Prof. S. Orguel).
T
T
Binggeli
University of Basel, Department of Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland (Chairman ad interim: Prof. S. Orguel).
T N
TN
Chackathayil
University of Basel, Department of Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland (Chairman ad interim: Prof. S. Orguel).
J
J
Flammer
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003161:Compartment Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009408:Nerve Compression Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018917:Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017211:Treatment Failure; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers