HIV-TB co-infection: mechanisms that drive reactivation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in HIV infection.
HIV infection predisposes the host to tuberculosis by impairing the hosts' immune system principally by killing and altering CD4 T-cell function. How HIV infection disrupts CD4 T-cell function, which specifically compromises host immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is poorly understood and is a critical roadblock in developing better vaccine- or immune-based strategies to control and monitor TB in HIV-infected subjects. This review considers key pathways that are altered in HIV-infected subjects that impair anti-TB immunity.
Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
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Ahmed
Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
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Rakshit
Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.|Department of Infectious Diseases, King's College London, London, UK.
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Vyakarnam
D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D060085:Coinfection / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000276:immunology*; D055985:Latent Tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000502:physiology; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000276:immunology*
D007370:Interferon Type I
CD4 T cell; HIV; Interferon; Tuberculosis; reactivation