Recent advances in understanding norovirus pathogenesis.
Noroviruses constitute a family of ubiquitous and highly efficient human pathogens. In spite of decades of dedicated research, human noroviruses remain a major cause of gastroenteritis and severe diarrheal disease around the world. Recent findings have begun to unravel the complex mechanisms that regulate norovirus pathogenesis and persistent infection, including the important interplay between the virus, the host immune system, and commensal bacteria. Herein, we will summarize recent research developments regarding norovirus cell tropism, the use of M cells, and commensal bacteria to facilitate norovirus infection, and virus, host, and bacterial determinants of persistent norovirus infections. J. Med. Virol. 88:1837-1843, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
Stephanie M
SM
Karst
Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
Scott A
SA
Tibbetts
D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D020895:Enterocytes / Q000821:virology*; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000821:virology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D051379:Mice; D029322:Norovirus / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D013559:Symbiosis; D056189:Viral Tropism; D014779:Virus Replication
D000998:Antiviral Agents
cell cultures; digestive system; model organisms