The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale in Critical Care Nurses: A Psychometric Analysis.
OBJECTIVE
(a) To investigate the factor structure of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) in critical care nurses, using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and (b) to assess reliability and known group differences of the CD-RISC on critical care nurses.


METHODS
CD-RISC surveys were collected on 744 critical care nurses across the United States. An abridged version of the CD-RISC was used for the EFA and CFA. Further reliability and known group differences were also tested.


RESULTS
EFA identified 3 factors with eigenvalues >1.0 and an explained variance of 59%. The factors were labeled personal competence, perseverance, and leadership, and each factor had salient loadings. The 3-factor CFA provided good fit to the data, χ(2) = 243.1, p < .001; RMSEA = .062; CFI = .935, although correlations among the 3 factors were high (.78-.86). A 1-factor model was subsequently tested but did not produce a better fit, and model comparison analyses supported retention of the 3-factor model. Known group differences was supported as intensive care unit (ICU) nurses with a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) had significantly lower total resilience scores (M = 75.43) compared to those without a diagnosis of PTSD (M = 83.21; t = 5.01; p < .001).


CONCLUSIONS
The current investigation found that the 3-factor structure provided the best fit for the data on the abridged version of the CD-RISC in a population of ICU nurses. Analyses also supported the reliability and known group differences of the 16-item measure. Further research is needed to examine trait and capacity features of resilience as it relates to this population.
University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA.
Meredith
M
Mealer
Sarah J
SJ
Schmiege
Paula
P
Meek
D000328:Adult; D064648:Critical Care Nursing; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000523:psychology*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000592:standards*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D014481:United States