Cytoprotective Mechanism of Cyanidin and Delphinidin against Oxidative Stress-Induced Tenofibroblast Death.
Age-related rotator cuff tendon degeneration is related to tenofibroblast apoptosis. Anthocyanins reduce oxidative stress-induced apoptotic cell death in tenofibroblasts. The current study investigated the presence of cell protective effects in cyanidin and delphinidin, the most common aglycon forms of anthocyanins. We determined whether these anthocyanidins have antiapoptotic and antinecrotic effects in tenofibroblasts exposed to H2O2, and evaluated their biomolecular mechanisms. Both cyanidin and delphinidin inhibited H2O2-induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. However, at concentrations of 100 μg/ml or greater, delphinidin showed cytotoxicity against tenofibroblasts and a decreased antinecrotic effect. Cyanidin and delphinidin both showed inhibitory effects on the H2O2-induced increase in intracellular ROS formation and the activation of ERK1/2 and JNK. In conclusion, both cyanidin and delphinidin have cytoprotective effects on cultured tenofibroblasts exposed to H2O2. These results suggest that cyanidin and delphinidin are both beneficial for the treatment of oxidative stress-mediated tenofibroblast cell death, but their working concentrations are different.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine and Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea.
Dae Cheol
DC
Nam
Biomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea.
Young Sool
YS
Hah
Department of Environmental Material Science, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
Jung Been
JB
Nam
Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
Ra Jeong
RJ
Kim
School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea.
Hyung Bin
HB
Park
Apoptosis; Cyanidin; Delphinidin; Rotator cuff; Tenofibroblast