Comparative evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of sulfadiazine-trimethoprim, oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin and florfenicol on Staphylococcus aureus-induced arthritis in broilers.
Staphylococcus aureus is an important human and veterinary pathogen that causes economic loss in the poultry industry. This study aimed to compare therapeutic efficacy of 4 commonly used antibiotics in poultry on S. aureus-induced arthritis in broilers. Sixty broilers, 8 weeks of age, were assigned at random into 7 groups as follows: (1) negative control (n = 5); (2) vehicle control (n = 5); (3) sulfadiazine-trimethoprim, 250 ml/1000 l drinking water (n = 10); (4) oxytetracycline 20%, 1 mg/l drinking water (n = 10); (5) florfenicol 10%, 1/1000 v/v in drinking water (n = 10); (6) enrofloxacin 10%, 1/1000 v/v in drinking water (n = 10) and (7) positive control (n = 10). Birds in group 2 were injected with 1 ml of sterile TSB medium into the right tibiotarsal joint on d 0 while other birds (except group 1) were challenged with 1 ml of 1.2 × 10(10) CFU/ml suspension of S. aureus bacteria. Antibiotic therapy was started from d 4 post challenge and continued for 5 d. At the end, birds were weighed and clinical severity of arthritis was determined. After blood collection, birds were slaughtered and tibiotarsal and hip joints were evaluated grossly. The content of inflammatory exudates of tibiotarsal joint and the degree of femoral head necrosis were recorded. Mucin clot test and histopathological evaluation were performed on right tibiotarsal joint. Serum interleukin 6 was also assayed. Sulfadiazine-trimethoprim had higher therapeutic efficiency with regard to most of the assayed criteria, whereas none of the antibiotics significantly affected femoral head necrosis and body weight. These data will help clinicians to have better antibiotic choice in field conditions.
a Department of Clinical Studies, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Basic Sciences , Shiraz University , Shiraz , Iran.
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N
Mosleh
a Department of Clinical Studies, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Basic Sciences , Shiraz University , Shiraz , Iran.
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T
Shomali
b Department of Pathobiology , School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University , Shiraz , Iran.
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F
Namazi
a Department of Clinical Studies, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Basic Sciences , Shiraz University , Shiraz , Iran.
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Marzban
a Department of Clinical Studies, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Basic Sciences , Shiraz University , Shiraz , Iran.
M
M
Mohammadi
b Department of Pathobiology , School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University , Shiraz , Iran.
A Motamedi
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Boroojeni
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001168:Arthritis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D002645:Chickens; D004338:Drug Combinations; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D010118:Oxytetracycline / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013411:Sulfadiazine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013839:Thiamphenicol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014295:Trimethoprim / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000096926:Benzenesulfonamides
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D010118:Oxytetracycline; D013411:Sulfadiazine; D013839:Thiamphenicol; D014295:Trimethoprim; C024873:sulfadiazine, trimethoprim drug combination; D000096926:Benzenesulfonamides; C035534:florfenicol