Atomic-scale control of graphene magnetism by using hydrogen atoms.
Isolated hydrogen atoms absorbed on graphene are predicted to induce magnetic moments. Here we demonstrate that the adsorption of a single hydrogen atom on graphene induces a magnetic moment characterized by a ~20-millielectron volt spin-split state at the Fermi energy. Our scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) experiments, complemented by first-principles calculations, show that such a spin-polarized state is essentially localized on the carbon sublattice opposite to the one where the hydrogen atom is chemisorbed. This atomically modulated spin texture, which extends several nanometers away from the hydrogen atom, drives the direct coupling between the magnetic moments at unusually long distances. By using the STM tip to manipulate hydrogen atoms with atomic precision, it is possible to tailor the magnetism of selected graphene regions.
Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
Héctor
H
González-Herrero
Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
José M
JM
Gómez-Rodríguez
Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut NEEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut NEEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
Pierre
P
Mallet
Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt.
Mohamed
M
Moaied
Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
Juan José
JJ
Palacios
Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
Carlos
C
Salgado
CIC nanoGUNE, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain. Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
Miguel M
MM
Ugeda
Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut NEEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut NEEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
Jean-Yves
JY
Veuillen
Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
Félix
F
Yndurain
Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. ivan.brihuega@uam.es.
Iván
I
Brihuega