Administrative prevalence of insomnia and associated clinical features in patients with addiction during active substance use.
BACKGROUND
A bidirectional relation between substance use and insomnia has been described, although there are few studies examining insomnia in the population of people with addiction. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of insomnia during active substance use in patients with addiction and its associated clinical features.


METHODS
Descriptive study in patients diagnosed with substance dependence disorder admitted to a Hospital Detoxification Unit. The existence of insomnia prior to admission was assessed using the Oviedo Sleep Questionnaire (OSQ). Demographic variables, consumptionrelated clinical variables, and diagnostic variables were collected and the SCID-I and -II (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV) and CAADID (Conners&#8217; Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV) were administered to evaluate the psychiatric diagnoses. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were made of the data.


RESULTS
481 patients (72.6% men, age 40.6±10.1 years) were enrolled. 64.3% of the patients reported insomnia during active substance use. The most common type of insomnia was fragmented nocturnal sleep (49.9%). The factors significantly associated with insomnia were polysubstance drug use, medical comorbidities (most notably, infectious diseases), anxiety disorder, personality disorder (particularly cluster C), a greater number of previous admissions for detoxication, and early age at onset of substance use.


CONCLUSIONS
Insomnia is highly prevalent in patients with addiction during active use of the substance. Fragmented nocturnal sleep was the most common type of insomnia. Patients with addiction and comorbid anxiety disorder, medical comorbidity, and early onset of dependence were more likely to experience insomnia.
Sección de Adicciones y Patología Dual, Vall d&#8217;Hebron. Hospital Universitario Vall Hebron. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario Vall d&#8217;Hebron. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. CIBERSAM.
Lara
L
Grau-López
Sección de Adicciones y Patología Dual, Vall d&#8217;Hebron. Hospital Universitario Vall Hebron. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario Vall d&#8217;Hebron. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. CIBERSAM.
Constanza
C
Daigre
Departamento de Neurociencias, Hospital Universitario Germans Trias i Pujol.
Laia
L
Grau-López
Sección de Adicciones y Patología Dual, Vall d&#8217;Hebron. Hospital Universitario Vall Hebron. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario Vall d&#8217;Hebron. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. CIBERSAM.
Laia
L
Rodriguez-Cintas
Sección de Adicciones y Patología Dual, Vall d&#8217;Hebron. Hospital Universitario Vall Hebron. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona.
Ángel
Á
Egido
Sección de Adicciones y Patología Dual, Vall d&#8217;Hebron. Hospital Universitario Vall Hebron. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario Vall d&#8217;Hebron. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. CIBERSAM.
Miquel
M
Casas
Sección de Adicciones y Patología Dual, Vall d&#8217;Hebron. Hospital Universitario Vall Hebron. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario Vall d&#8217;Hebron. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. CIBERSAM.
Carlos
C
Roncero
D000328:Adult; D015897:Comorbidity; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*