[Effects of socializing piglets in lactation on behaviour, including tail-biting, in growing and finishing pigs].
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to determine whether early socialising of piglets influences the later behaviour and the risk of tail biting in growing and finishing pigs.


METHODS
The behaviour of 183 animals (divided in three successive runs) was recorded from birth until the end of the fattening period. Furthermore, the condition of the teats of the sows as well as the integument and tails of the growing and finishing pigs were evaluated. To socialize the piglets, four litters of the experimental group (V) were provided with additional space (walkway) by opening "piglet-doors" (day 10 postpartum of the youngest litter). The piglets of the control group (K) were reared in conventional farrowing crates located in the same compartment of the stable. Post-weaning, the piglets were assigned to three groups: the experimental group (V/V, two litters of group V), the control group (K/K, two litters of group K) and the mixed group (V/K, one litter of group V and one litter of group K).


RESULTS
After opening the "piglet-doors", piglets of group V displayed significantly more playing behaviour than piglets of group K. Additionally, the agonistic behaviour increased in group V. Post-weaning, at allocation and mixing, animals of group V/V showed significantly less agonistic behaviour than pigs of group K/K. Tail-biting behaviour occurred in all three groups, but only in runs two and three. On the 100th day of the fattening period, 58.7% of the pigs of group V/V, 51.7% of group V/K and 43.3% of group K/K still had intact tails. In pigs of group K/K, the tails were significantly shorter compared to the other two groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Early socialization enhances piglet welfare in farrowing pens by encouraging playing behaviour. Less agonistic behaviour at allocation could furthermore reduce stress at mixing and allocation. The aim to reduce the incidence of tail-biting could not be achieved. However, socializing piglets in lactation could contribute, in accordance with other measures, to an influence on biting behaviour.
Sandrina Klein, Lehrstuhl für Tierschutz, Verhaltenskunde, Tierhygiene und Tierhaltung, Veterinärwissenschaftliches Department, Tierärztliche Fakultät, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Veterinärstraße 13/R, 80539 München, E-Mail: s.klein@tierhyg.vetmed.uni-muenchen.de.
Sandrina
S
Klein
Dorian
D
Patzkéwitsch
Sven
S
Reese
Michael
M
Erhard
D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D000833:Animals, Suckling / Q000502:physiology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006799:Housing, Animal; D007774:Lactation; D012919:Social Behavior; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000502:physiology*; D013552:Swine; D014886:Weaning
Agonistic behaviour; abnormal behaviour; fattening period; piglet; play behaviour; weaner