Metabolic Bone Disease in the Post-transplant Population: Preventative and Therapeutic Measures.
Post-transplant bone disease contributes significantly to patients' morbidity and mortality after transplantation and has an impact on their quality of life. This article discusses the major contributors to mechanisms causing bone loss, highlighting the role of preexisting disease in both kidney and liver failure and contributions from glucocorticoids and calcineurin inhibitors. Suggested monitoring and investigations are reviewed as well as treatment as far as the current literature supports, emphasizing the difference between kidney and liver recipients.
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tygerberg Hospital and University of Stellenbosch, PO Box 241, Cape Town, Western Cape 8000, South Africa. Electronic address: johannel@sun.ac.za.
Johan Daniël
JD
Nel
Mt Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Sol
S
Epstein
D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors
D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents
Bone loss; Fractures; Immunosuppressive agents; Investigations; Transplantation; Treatment