Transcription-induced DNA supercoiling: New roles of intranucleosomal DNA loops in DNA repair and transcription.
RNA polymerase II (Pol II) transcription through chromatin is accompanied by formation of small intranucleosomal DNA loops. Pol II captured within a small loop drives accumulation of DNA supercoiling, facilitating further transcription. DNA breaks relieve supercoiling and induce Pol II arrest, allowing detection of DNA damage hidden in chromatin structure.
a Biology Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow , Russia.
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Gerasimova
b Department of Pharmacology , Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , Piscataway , NJ , USA.
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Pestov
a Biology Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow , Russia.|c Cancer Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center , Philadelphia , PA , USA.
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Kulaeva
d Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA.
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Clark
a Biology Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow , Russia.|b Department of Pharmacology , Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , Piscataway , NJ , USA.|c Cancer Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center , Philadelphia , PA , USA.
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Studitsky
D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000737:chemistry; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D006801:Humans; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D002843:Chromatin; D004247:DNA; D012319:RNA Polymerase II
DNA repair; DNA supercoiling; RNA polymerase II; chromatin; elongation; intermediates; intranucleosomal DNA loops; mechanism; nucleosome; single strand DNA breaks; structure; transcription