Update on Imaging of Ovarian Cancer.
This review will make familiar with new concepts in ovarian cancer and their impact on radiological practice. Disseminated peritoneal spread and ascites are typical of the most common (70-80 %) cancer type, high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Other cancer subtypes differ in origin, precursors, and imaging features. Expert sonography allows excellent risk assessment in adnexal masses. Owing to its high specificity, complementary MRI improves characterization of indeterminate lesions. Major changes in the new FIGO staging classification include fusion of fallopian tube and primary ovarian cancer and the subcategory stage IIIA1 for retroperitoneal lymph node metastases only. Inguinal lymph nodes, cardiophrenic lymph nodes, and umbilical metastases are classified as distant metastases (stage IVB). In multidisciplinary conferences (MDC), CT has been used to predict the success of cytoreductive surgery. Resectability criteria have to be specified and agreed on in MDC. Limitations in detection of metastases may be overcome using advanced MRI techniques.
Department of Radiology, Landeskliniken Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstr. 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
Rosemarie
R
Forstner
Department of Radiology, Landeskliniken Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstr. 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
Matthias
M
Meissnitzer
Serviço de Radiologia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Rua Prof. Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal.
Teresa Margarida
TM
Cunha
Computed tomography; Diagnostic imaging; Neoplasm staging; Ovarian neoplasm/diagnosis; Ovarian neoplasm/therapy