Genome-wide analysis of Dongxiang wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) to investigate lost/acquired genes during rice domestication.
BACKGROUND
It is widely accepted that cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) was domesticated from common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.). Compared to other studies which concentrate on rice origin, this study is to genetically elucidate the substantially phenotypic and physiological changes from wild rice to cultivated rice at the whole genome level.


RESULTS
Instead of comparing two assembled genomes, this study directly compared the Dongxiang wild rice (DXWR) Illumina sequencing reads with the Nipponbare (O. sativa) complete genome without assembly of the DXWR genome. Based on the results from the comparative genomics analysis, structural variations (SVs) between DXWR and Nipponbare were determined to locate deleted genes which could have been acquired by Nipponbare during rice domestication. To overcome the limit of the SV detection, the DXWR transcriptome was also sequenced and compared with the Nipponbare transcriptome to discover the genes which could have been lost in DXWR during domestication. Both 1591 Nipponbare-acquired genes and 206 DXWR-lost transcripts were further analyzed using annotations from multiple sources. The NGS data are available in the NCBI SRA database with ID SRP070627.


CONCLUSIONS
These results help better understanding the domestication from wild rice to cultivated rice at the whole genome level and provide a genomic data resource for rice genetic research or breeding. One finding confirmed transposable elements contribute greatly to the genome evolution from wild rice to cultivated rice. Another finding suggested the photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation system in cultivated rice could have adapted to environmental changes simultaneously during domestication.
College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, P. R. China.
Fantao
F
Zhang
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, P. R. China.
Tao
T
Xu
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, WA, 20059, USA.
Linyong
L
Mao
Tianjin Institute of Crop Research, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, 300381, P. R. China.
Shuangyong
S
Yan
College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China.
Xiwen
X
Chen
School of Mathematical Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China.
Zhenfeng
Z
Wu
Tianjin Institute of Agricultural Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, 300381, P. R. China.
Rui
R
Chen
College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, P. R. China.
Xiangdong
X
Luo
College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, P. R. China. xiejiankun11@163.com.
Jiankun
J
Xie
College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China. gao_shan@mail.nankai.edu.cn.
Shan
S
Gao
D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D063990:Gene Ontology; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D018745:Genome, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000235:genetics; D012275:Oryza / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods; D013045:Species Specificity
Comparative genomics analysis; Dongxiang wild rice; Structural variation; Transcriptome; Whole genome sequencing