Bortezomib, Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide, Dexamethasone Induction Followed by Stem Cell Transplantation for Primary Plasma Cell Leukemia: A Prospective Phase II Study of the Intergroupe Francophone du Myélome.
Primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. With conventional chemotherapy, patients typically die within 1 year. In all but one of the retrospective studies reported to date, bortezomib and lenalidomide seem to improve survival. We conducted a prospective phase II trial in patients with pPCL to assess the efficacy of an alternate regimen that combines standard chemotherapy, a proteasome inhibitor, and high-dose melphalan and autologous stem cell transplantation (HDM/ASCT) followed by either allogeneic transplantation or bortezomib/lenalidomide maintenance.



Patients 70 years old and younger with newly diagnosed pPCL received four alternating cycles of bortezomib, dexamethasone plus doxorubicin or cyclophosphamide. Peripheral blood stem cells were collected from responding patients with < 1% of circulating plasma cells before HDM/ASCT. As consolidation, young patients received a reduced-intensity conditioning allograft, whereas the remaining patients underwent a second HDM/ASCT followed by 1 year of bortezomib, lenalidomide, dexamethasone. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS).



Forty patients (median age, 57 years; range, 27 to 71 years) were enrolled. The median follow-up was 28.7 months. In the intention-to-treat analysis, the median PFS and overall survival were 15.1 (95% CI, 8.4; -) and 36.3 (95% CI, 25.6; -) months, respectively. The overall response rate to induction was 69%. One patient underwent a syngeneic allograft and 25 HDM/ASCT (16 of whom subsequently received a reduced-intensity conditioning allograft and seven a second ASCT followed by maintenance).



In this prospective trial in patients with pPCL, we show that bortezomib, dexamethasone plus doxorubicin or cyclophosphamide induction followed by transplantation induces high response rates and appears to significantly improve PFS.
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France. royer.bruno@chu-amiens.fr.
Bruno
B
Royer
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Stéphane
S
Minvielle
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Momar
M
Diouf
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Murielle
M
Roussel
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Lionel
L
Karlin
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Cyrille
C
Hulin
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Bertrand
B
Arnulf
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Margaret
M
Macro
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Sylvie
S
Cailleres
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Annie
A
Brion
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Sabine
S
Brechignac
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Karim
K
Belhadj
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Marie Lorraine
ML
Chretien
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Marc
M
Wetterwald
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Carine
C
Chaleteix
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Mourad
M
Tiab
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Xavier
X
Leleu
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Laurent
L
Frenzel
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Laurent
L
Garderet
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Sylvain
S
Choquet
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Jean Gabriel
JG
Fuzibet
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Charles
C
Dauriac
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Luc-Matthieu
LM
Forneker
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Lotfi
L
Benboubker
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Thierry
T
Facon
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Philippe
P
Moreau
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Hervé
H
Avet-Loiseau
Bruno Royer, Momar Diouf, and Jean Pierre Marolleau, University Hospital, Amiens; Stéphane Minvielle and Philippe Moreau, University Hospital; Stéphane Minvielle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U892, Nantes; Murielle Roussel and Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Institute Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole; Hervé Avet-Loiseau, University Hospital, Toulouse; Lionel Karlin, University Hospital, Lyon; Cyrille Hulin, University Hospital, Vandœuvre lès Nancy; Bertrand Arnulf, St Louis University Hospital; Laurent Frenzel, Necker University Hospital; Laurent Garderet, St Antoine University Hospital; Sylvain Choquet, La Pitié University Hospital, Paris; Margaret Macro, University Hospital, Caen; Sylvie Cailleres, General Hospital, Aix en Provence; Annie Brion, University Hospital, Besançon; Sabine Brechignac, University Hospital, Bobigny; Karim Belhadj, University Hospital, Creteil; Marie Lorraine Chretien, University Hospital, Dijon; Marc Wetterwald, General Hospital, Dunkerque; Carine Chaleteix, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand; Mourad Tiab, General Hospital, La Roche/Yon; Xavier Leleu, University Hospital, Poitiers; Jean Gabriel Fuzibet, University Department, Nice; Charles Dauriac, University Hospital, Rennes; Luc-Matthieu Forneker, University Hospital, Strasbourg; Lotfi Benboubker, University Hospital, Tours; and Thierry Facon, University Hospital, Lille, France.
Jean Pierre
JP
Marolleau
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069286:Bortezomib / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007952:Leukemia, Plasma Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
D000069286:Bortezomib; D003907:Dexamethasone; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide