Risk factors for early implant-related surgical site infection.
To identify the risk factors and microbes associated with early implant-related surgical site infection (SSI).



Records of 193 implant-related SSIs secondary to primary orthopaedic surgery were reviewed. Early and late SSI was defined as infection diagnosed within and after 3 months of surgery, respectively.



Of the 193 implant-related SSIs, 29 were superficial incisional, 127 were deep incisional, and 37 were organ/space-related. 144 (90%) out of 160 SSIs used cefazolin in their prophylactic antibiotic regimen. In univariate analysis, early SSI was associated with diabetes mellitus, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score of >2, emergency procedures, and lack of antibiotic prophylaxis. In multivariable analysis, early SSI was associated with an ASA score of >2 (p=0.016).



It is important to cross-check ASA score with co-morbidities to reduce early SSIs. Peri-operative optimisation and antibiotic prophylaxis should be administered prior to surgery. Appropriate modification of antibiotic prophylaxis should be considered.
Department of Orthpaedic Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.
T W K
TW
Kok
N
N
Agrawal
S S
SS
Sathappan
W K
WK
Chen
D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology
risk factors; surgical wound infection