The Type 2 Diabetic Heart: Its Role in Exercise Intolerance and the Challenge to Find Effective Exercise Interventions.
The metabolic and microvascular benefits of regular exercise for people with diabetes are unequivocal. However, cardiovascular disease, which disproportionately affects people with diabetes, is not reduced by regular exercise, and heart disease remains the leading cause of death for people with type 2 diabetes. 'Subclinical' changes in the function of the diabetic left ventricle are common and reduce cardiac reserve and exercise capacity. This review describes the changes in resting and exercising left ventricular function, and the possible causes of these changes, and introduces the possibility that more vigorous exercise may be needed to improve left ventricular function and reduce rates of cardiovascular disease in people with type 2 diabetes.
Department of Medicine-HeartOtago, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. chris.baldi@otago.ac.nz.
J Chris
JC
Baldi
Department of Medicine-HeartOtago, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Genevieve A
GA
Wilson
Department of Medicine-HeartOtago, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Luke C
LC
Wilson
Department of Medicine-HeartOtago, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Gerard T
GT
Wilkins
Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Regis R
RR
Lamberts
D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015444:Exercise; D005080:Exercise Test; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*