Mortality pattern and cause of death in a long-term follow-up of patients with STEMI treated with primary PCI.
We aimed to assess the pattern of mortality and cause of death in a cohort of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).



Consecutive patients with STEMI treated with primary PCI during 2006-2013 were evaluated with a mean follow-up of 3.5 years (1-8.4 years). We used hospital and general practice records and mortality data from The Australian National Death Index.



Among 1313 patients (22.5% female) with mean age of 62.3±13.1 years, 181 patients (13.7%) died during long-term follow-up. In the first 7 days, 45 patients (3.4%) died, 76% of these due to cardiogenic shock. Between 7 days and 1 year, another 50 patients died (3.9%), 58% from cardiovascular causes and 22% from cancer. Beyond 1 year, there were 86 deaths with an estimated mean mortality rate of 2.05% per year, 36% of deaths were cardiovascular and 52% non-cardiovascular, including 29% cancer-related deaths. On multivariate analysis, age ≥75 years, history of diabetes, prior PCI, cardiogenic shock, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 and symptom-to-balloon time >360 min were independent predictors of long-term mortality. In 16 patients who died of sudden cardiac death postdischarge, only 4 (25%) had ejection fraction ≤35% and would have been eligible for an implantable cardioverter defibrillator.



In the era of routine primary PCI, we found a mortality rate of 7.3% at 1 year, and 2.05% per year thereafter. Cause of death was predominantly cardiovascular in the first year and mainly non-cardiovascular after 1 year. Age, diabetes, prior PCI, cardiogenic shock, eGFR <60 and delayed treatment were independent predictors of mortality.
Cardiology Department , The Canberra Hospital , Garran, Australian Capital Territory , Australia.
Ataollah
0000-0003-1344-6821
A
Doost Hosseiny
Cardiology Department , The Canberra Hospital , Garran, Australian Capital Territory , Australia.
Soniah
S
Moloi
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , Greater New York City Area, New York , USA.
Jaya
J
Chandrasekhar
Cardiology Department, The Canberra Hospital, Garran, Australian Capital Territory, Australia; Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
Ahmad
A
Farshid