The Prognostic Role of STEAP1 Expression Determined via Immunohistochemistry Staining in Predicting Prognosis of Primary Colorectal Cancer: A Survival Analysis.
STEAP1 (six transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 1) is a transmembrane protein that functions as a potential channel or transporter protein. It is overexpressed in certain cancers and is viewed as a promising therapeutic target. However, the prognostic role of STEAP1 is still controversial, and no role for STEAP1 has yet been indicated in colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association of STEAP1 expression with colorectal cancer prognosis. STEAP1 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining of a tissue array of 165 cancer specimens from primary colorectal cancer patients. The mean and medium follow-up times after surgery were 5.1 and 3.9 years, respectively. A total of 139 patients died during the 13 years of follow-up in the survey period. The prognostic value of STEAP1 with respect to overall survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models. In total, 164 samples displayed detectable STEAP1 expression in the cytoplasm and membrane. Low STEAP1 expression was correlated with poor overall survival (five-year survival: 33.7% vs. 57.0%, low expression vs. high expression, p = 0.020). Accordingly, multivariate analysis identified low STEAP1 expression as an independent risk factor (hazard ratio = 1.500, p = 0.018), especially in elderly patients or those with late stage cancers, late T values, and early N values. We suggest that analysis of STEAP1 expression by immunohistochemical staining could serve as an independent prognostic marker for colorectal patients. This finding should be validated by other investigative groups.
Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 356, Taiwan. heecs@ms38.hinet.net.
Ching-Hsiao
CH
Lee
School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan. cshy650@csh.org.tw.|Department of Urology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan. cshy650@csh.org.tw.
Sung-Lang
SL
Chen
Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 356, Taiwan. flutewayne@gmail.com.|School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan. flutewayne@gmail.com.|Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan. flutewayne@gmail.com.|Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan. flutewayne@gmail.com.
Wen-Wei
WW
Sung
Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan. 143809@cch.org.tw.|School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan. 143809@cch.org.tw.
Hung-Wen
HW
Lai
Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan. 170780@cch.org.tw.|Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan. 170780@cch.org.tw.|School of Optometry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan. 170780@cch.org.tw.
Ming-Ju
MJ
Hsieh
School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan. 91646@cch.org.tw.|Department of Gastroenterology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan. 91646@cch.org.tw.
Hsu-Heng
HH
Yen
Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan. 140062@cch.org.tw.
Tzu-Cheng
TC
Su
Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan. bearking7215@hotmail.com.
Yu-Hu
YH
Chiou
Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan. 160139@cch.org.tw.
Chia-Yu
CY
Chen
Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan. 157030@cch.org.tw.
Cheng-Yu
CY
Lin
Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan. 55828@cch.org.tw.
Mei-Ling
ML
Chen
Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 356, Taiwan. 132540@cch.org.tw.|School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan. 132540@cch.org.tw.|Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan. 132540@cch.org.tw.
Chih-Jung
CJ
Chen
D000368:Aged; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models
D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C432763:STEAP1 protein, human
STEAP1; colorectal cancer; prognosis