Effect of different levels of nitrogen on rhizosphere bacterial community structure in intensive monoculture of greenhouse lettuce.
Pyrosequencing-based analyses revealed significant effects among low (N50), medium (N80), and high (N100) fertilization on community composition involving a long-term monoculture of lettuce in a greenhouse in both summer and winter. The non-fertilized control (CK) treatment was characterized by a higher relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Chloroflexi; however, the average abundance of Firmicutes typically increased in summer, and the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes increased in winter in the N-fertilized treatments. Principle component analysis showed that the distribution of the microbial community was separated by a N gradient with N80 and N100 in the same group in the summer samples, while CK and N50 were in the same group in the winter samples, with the other N-level treatments existing independently. Redundancy analysis revealed that available N, NO3(-)-N, and NH4(+)-N, were the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of the bacterial community. Correlation analysis showed that nitrogen affected the shifts of microbial communities by strongly driving the shifts of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria in summer samples, and Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria in winter samples. The study demonstrates a novel example of rhizosphere bacterial diversity and the main factors influencing rizosphere microbial community in continuous vegetable cropping within an intensive greenhouse ecosystem.
Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China.
Jian-Gang
JG
Li
Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Min-Chong
MC
Shen
Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Jin-Feng
JF
Hou
Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Ling
L
Li
Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China.
Jun-Xia
JX
Wu
Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China.
Yuan-Hua
YH
Dong
D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D044822:Biodiversity; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018545:Lactuca / Q000382:microbiology*; D056186:Metagenomics; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis*; D058441:Rhizosphere; D012621:Seasons; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology
D005308:Fertilizers; D009584:Nitrogen