Prior exercise training blunts short-term high-fat diet-induced weight gain.
High-fat diets rapidly cause weight gain and glucose intolerance. We sought to determine whether these changes could be mitigated with prior exercise training. Male C57BL/6J mice were exercise-trained by treadmill running (1 h/day, 5 days/wk) for 4 wk. Twenty-four hours after the final bout of exercise, mice were provided with a high-fat diet (HFD; 60% kcal from lard) for 4 days, with no further exercise. In mice fed the HFD prior to exercise training, the results were blunted weight gain, reduced fat mass, and a slight attenuation in glucose intolerance that was mirrored by greater insulin-induced Akt phosphorylation in skeletal muscle compared with sedentary mice fed the HFD. When ad libitum-fed sedentary mice were compared with sedentary high-fat fed mice that were calorie restricted (-30%) to match the weight gain of the previously trained high-fat fed mice, the same attenuated impairments in glucose tolerance were found. Blunted weight gain was associated with a greater capacity to increase energy expenditure in trained compared with sedentary mice when challenged with a HFD. Although mitochondrial enzymes in white adipose tissue and UCP-1 protein content in brown adipose tissue were increased in previously exercised compared with sedentary mice fed a HFD, ex vivo mitochondrial respiration was not increased in either tissue. Our data suggest that prior exercise training attenuates high-fat diet-induced weight gain and glucose intolerance and is associated with a greater ability to increase energy expenditure in response to a high-fat diet.
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; and.
Laelie A
LA
Snook
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; and.
Rebecca E K
RE
MacPherson
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; and.
Cynthia M F
CM
Monaco
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; and.
Scott
S
Frendo-Cumbo
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; and.
Laura
L
Castellani
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; and.
Willem T
WT
Peppler
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; and.
Zachary G
ZG
Anderson
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; and.
Samyra L
SL
Buzelle
Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.
Paul J
PJ
LeBlanc
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; and.
Graham P
GP
Holloway
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; and dcwright@uoguelph.ca.
David C
DC
Wright
D000818:Animals; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000379:methods*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000379:methods*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology*
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005947:Glucose
adipose tissue; exercise training; glucose tolerance; high-fat diet