Sedative effects of inhaled essential oil components of traditional fragrance Pogostemon cablin leaves and their structure-activity relationships.
Plants rich in essential oils, such as Pogostemon cablin (P. cablin; guǎng huò xiāng), have been used for aromas and as herbal medicines since ancient times because of their sedative effects. We investigated the sedative effects of hexane extract from P. cablin using locomotor activity in mice. Inhalation of P. cablin hexane extract exhibited significant sedative activity in a dose-dependent manner. In order to isolate the active constituents, the extract was fractionated and diacetone alcohol was identified as an active compound. Inhalation of diacetone alcohol significantly reduced murine locomotor activity in a dose-dependent manner, and this effect was not observed in olfaction-impaired mice. We examined the structure-activity relationship of diacetone alcohol and similar compounds. The ketone group at the two-position and number of carbons may play important roles in the sedative activity of diacetone alcohol.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan; Division of Medicinal Chemical Sciences, Pharmacognosy, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashinaku, Kyoto, Japan; The Museum of Osaka University, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan.
Ken
K
Ito
Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
Yasuko
Y
Akahoshi
Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
Michiho
M
Ito
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
Shuji
S
Kaneko
Labiatae; Pogostemon cablin; behavioral pharmacology; diacetone alcohol; inhalation; sedative effect; structure–activity relationship