Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the adult Russian population (NATION study).
OBJECTIVE
To estimate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevalence in Russian adults.


METHODS
NATION is a national, epidemiological, cross-sectional study, conducted in Russia. In adults (aged 20-79 years), recruitment was stratified by age, sex, geographic region and settlement type to obtain a representative sample. Recruitment was in public areas with high numbers of people. T2DM was diagnosed by glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (diabetes: HbA1c ≥6.5% [≥48mmol/mol]; pre-diabetes: HbA1c ≥5.7 to <6.5% [≥39 to <48mmol/mol]). Socio-demographic and anthropometric data were collected.


RESULTS
Blood samples from 26,620 subjects were available. Overall, 5.4% were diagnosed with T2DM (previously diagnosed: 2.5%; previously undiagnosed: 2.9%); 19.3% were pre-diabetic. T2DM prevalence increased with age (up to 70 years) and was higher among females than males (6.1% vs. 4.7%, p<0.001). The estimated proportion of subjects with pre-diabetes and T2DM tended to increase with increasing body mass index. T2DM prevalence was higher in rural versus urban populations (6.7% vs. 5.0%, p<0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
In the Russian adult population, 19.3% had pre-diabetes, T2DM prevalence was 5.4%, and 54% of subjects with diabetes were previously undiagnosed. These results may help to develop a new T2DM predictive, preventative and management programme in Russia.
Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia.
Ivan
I
Dedov
Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Marina
M
Shestakova
Hub for International Health Research (HIRS), Perugia, Italy.
Massimo Massi
MM
Benedetti
Diabetes Department and Institute of Cardiometabolism and Metabolism (ICAN), Pitié-Salpétrière Hospital, Paris, France.
Dominique
D
Simon
Sanofi-Aventis Russia, Moscow, Russia.
Iakov
I
Pakhomov
Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia. Electronic address: galstyangagik964@gmail.com.
Gagik
G
Galstyan
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012424:Rural Population; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology; D014505:Urban Population; D055815:Young Adult
D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin
Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Epidemiological study; Prevalence; Russia; Undiagnosed diabetes mellitus