Biology and Metabolism of Sepsis: Innate Immunity, Bioenergetics, and Autophagy.
Sepsis is a complex, heterogeneous physiologic condition that represents a significant public health concern. While many insights into the pathophysiology of sepsis have been elucidated over the past decades of research, important questions remain. This article serves as a review of several important areas in sepsis research. Understanding the innate immune response has been at the forefront as of late, especially in the context of cytokine-directed therapeutic trials. Cellular bioenergetic changes provide insight into the development of organ dysfunction in sepsis. Autophagy and mitophagy perform crucial cell housekeeping and stress response functions. Finally, age-related changes and their potential impact on the septic response are reviewed.
Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Anthony J
AJ
Lewis
Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Timothy R
TR
Billiar
Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Matthew R
MR
Rosengart
D000375:Aging; D001343:Autophagy; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D018805:Sepsis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*