Association between metabolic syndrome and 10-year risk of developing cardiovascular disease in a Nigerian population.
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and consequential cardiovascular disease (CVD) events are on the increase in Nigeria. The study aimed to identify the prevalence of 10-year CVD risk in a Nigerian population and assess its relationship with different indices of MetS.



A cross-sectional study was carried out on apparently healthy persons aged 18 years of age or older. Ten-year risk was calculated using the ATPIII/Framingham criteria. Subjects with risk score <10% were considered as having low risk, 10-20% moderate risk and >20% at high risk of developing CVD in 10 years. MetS was defined based on the Joint Scientific Statement on Harmonizing the MetS.



Of the 211 subjects, mean age was 51.3±17.3 years. Average risk of developing CVD in the next 10 years was 3.7±5.3%. Prevalence of low, moderate and high risk of developing CVD among study participants was 86.3% (95% CI 82.0-91.3%), 11.8% (95% CI 6.9-16.1%) and 1.9% (95% CI 0.0-3.8%), respectively. Prevalence of MetS was 26.7% (95% CI 21.0-33.3%). There was poor agreement between MetS and the CVD risk scores (kappa=0.209, p=0.001) CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that complementary use of MetS and CVD risk score is imperative, as there is indication of risk in individuals without MetS. Also a large proportion of the study population requires lifestyle intervention. These findings provide the evidence necessary to tailor public health interventions in this population, especially towards younger age groups.
School of Psychological and Clinical Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Northern Territory, Australia victormaduabuchi.oguoma@cdu.edu.au oguomavm@yahoo.com.
Victor M
VM
Oguoma
School of Community Health, Charles Stuart University, New South Wales, Australia Department of Public and Community Health, Novena University, Oguma, Nigeria.
Ezekiel U
EU
Nwose
School of Psychological and Clinical Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Northern Territory, Australia.
Timothy C
TC
Skinner
School of Community Health, Charles Stuart University, New South Wales, Australia.
Ross S
RS
Richards
Department of Public and Community Health, Novena University, Oguma, Nigeria.
Kester A
KA
Digban
Onyx Hospital and Maternity, Lagos, Nigeria.
Innocent C
IC
Onyia
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
10-year CVD risk; ATPIII/Framingham risk score; CVD risk factors; Metabolic syndrome; Nigeria; Risk assessment tool