Design and Implementation of an On-Chip Patient-Specific Closed-Loop Seizure Onset and Termination Detection System.
This paper presents the design of an area- and energy-efficient closed-loop machine learning-based patient-specific seizure onset and termination detection algorithm, and its on-chip hardware implementation. Application- and scenario-based tradeoffs are compared and reviewed for seizure detection and suppression algorithm and system which comprises electroencephalography (EEG) data acquisition, feature extraction, classification, and stimulation. Support vector machine achieves a good tradeoff among power, area, patient specificity, latency, and classification accuracy for long-term monitoring of patients with limited training seizure patterns. Design challenges of EEG data acquisition on a multichannel wearable environment for a patch-type sensor are also discussed in detail. Dual-detector architecture incorporates two area-efficient linear support vector machine classifiers along with a weight-and-average algorithm to target high sensitivity and good specificity at once. On-chip implementation issues for a patient-specific transcranial electrical stimulation are also discussed. The system design is verified using CHB-MIT EEG database [1] with a comprehensive measurement criteria which achieves high sensitivity and specificity of 95.1% and 96.2%, respectively, with a small latency of 1 s. It also achieves seizure onset and termination detection delay of 2.98 and 3.82 s, respectively, with seizure length estimation error of 4.07 s.
Chen
C
Zhang
Muhammad Awais
MA
Bin Altaf
Jerald
J
Yoo
D000465:Algorithms; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D012640:Seizures / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D060388:Support Vector Machine