Risk factors for revision of total knee arthroplasty: a scoping review.
BACKGROUND
In spite of the increasing incidence of total knee arthroplasties (TKA), evidence is limited regarding risk factors for revision. The objective of this scoping review was to identify and assess demographic, surgical and health services factors that may increase the risk for revision surgery following TKA.


METHODS
A scoping review was undertaken following an electronic search in MEDLINE (1990 to December 2013), CINAHL (to December 2013), EMBASE (1990 to December 2013) and Web of Science (1990 to December 2013).


RESULTS
Of the 4460 articles screened, 42 were included of which 26 articles were based on registry data. Increased risk of revision was associated with demographic factors (younger age, African American), surgical factors related to the primary TKA (uncemented components, implant malalignment, increased surgery duration), and health services (low volume hospitals).


CONCLUSIONS
Identifying emerging trends in characteristics of those requiring revision following TKA can help identify those at risk and allocate appropriate resources. Further primary clinical articles on risk factors for revision of TKA are necessary to ensure maximal function and lifespan following TKAs.
Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, Rm 2-50 Corbett Hall, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G4, Canada.
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Jasper
Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, Rm 2-50 Corbett Hall, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G4, Canada. cajones@ualberta.ca.
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Jones
Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada.
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Mollins
Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, Ottawa, Canada.
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Pohar
Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, Rm 2-50 Corbett Hall, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G4, Canada.
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Beaupre
D001741:Black or African American / Q000208:ethnology; D000367:Age Factors; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D061646:Operative Time; D012086:Reoperation / Q000401:mortality / Q000639:trends*; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends
Failure; Revision; Risk factor; Scoping review; Total knee arthroplasty