International Pediatric ORL Group (IPOG) laryngomalacia consensus recommendations.
OBJECTIVE
To provide recommendations for the comprehensive management of young infants who present with signs or symptoms concerning for laryngomalacia.


METHODS
Expert opinion by the members of the International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG).


RESULTS
Consensus recommendations include initial care and triage recommendations for health care providers who commonly evaluate young infants with noisy breathing. The consensus statement also provides comprehensive care recommendations for otolaryngologists who manage young infants with laryngomalacia including: evaluation and treatment considerations for commonly debated issues in laryngomalacia, initial work-up of infants presenting with inspiratory stridor, treatment recommendations based on disease severity, management of the infant with feeding difficulties, post-surgical treatment management recommendations, and suggestions for acid suppression therapy.


CONCLUSIONS
Laryngomalacia care consensus recommendations are aimed at improving patient-centered care in infants with laryngomalacia.
Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: jmcarter@luriechildrens.org.
John
J
Carter
Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Reza
R
Rahbar
Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA.
Matthew
M
Brigger
Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
Kenny
K
Chan
Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, The Sydney Children's Hospital Network-Westmead Campus, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Alan
A
Cheng
Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Sam J
SJ
Daniel
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Alessandro
A
De Alarcon
Pediatric ENT Department, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
Noel
N
Garabedian
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Catherine
C
Hart
Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Christopher
C
Hartnick
Division of Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Ian
I
Jacobs
Department of Otolaryngology, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Bryan
B
Liming
Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, La Timone Children's Hospital, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
Richard
R
Nicollas
Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA.
Seth
S
Pransky
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
Gresham
G
Richter
Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.
John
J
Russell
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Michael J
MJ
Rutter
evidENT, UCL Ear Institute, Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, London, UK.
Anne
A
Schilder
Department of Otolaryngology, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Richard J H
RJ
Smith
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital at London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
Julie
J
Strychowsky
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Robert
R
Ward
Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Karen
K
Watters
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK.
Michelle
M
Wyatt
Department of Otolaryngology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
George
G
Zalzal
Division of Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Karen
K
Zur
Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Dana
D
Thompson
D000465:Algorithms; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D055092:Laryngomalacia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D018802:Patient-Centered Care; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000209:etiology; D014218:Triage
Infant; Laryngomalacia; Pediatric; Stridor