Link between Food Energy Density and Body Weight Changes in Obese Adults.
Regulating the energy density of food could be used as a novel approach for successful body weight reduction in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to conduct a systemic review of the literature on the relationship between food energy density and body weight changes in obese adults to obtain solid evidence supporting this approach. The search process was based on the selection of publications in the English language listed in public databases. A meta-analysis was performed to combine individual study results. Thirteen experimental and observational studies were identified and included in the final analysis. The analyzed populations consist of 3628 individuals aged 18 to 66 years. The studies varied greatly in terms of study populations, study design and applied dietary approaches. The meta-analysis revealed a significant association between low energy density foods and body weight reduction, i.e., -0.53 kg when low energy density foods were eaten (95% CI: -0.88, -0.19). In conclusions, this study adds evidence which supports the energy density of food as a simple but effective measure to manage weight in the obese with the aim of weight reduction.
Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal 14558, Germany. stelmach@dife.de.|Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 60-572, Poland. stelmach@dife.de.
Marta
M
Stelmach-Mardas
Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical Collage Jagiellonian University, Kraków 30-688, Poland. rodak13@wp.pl.
Tomasz
T
Rodacki
Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical Collage Jagiellonian University, Kraków 30-688, Poland. justyna.dobrowolska-iwanek@uj.edu.pl.
Justyna
J
Dobrowolska-Iwanek
Department of Human Nutrition, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warszawa 02-776, Poland. anna_brzozowska@sggw.pl.
Anna
A
Brzozowska
Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 60-572, Poland. jarwalk@ump.edu.pl.
Jarosław
J
Walkowiak
Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical Collage Jagiellonian University, Kraków 30-688, Poland. mfkrosni@cyf-kr.edu.pl.
Agnieszka
A
Wojtanowska-Krosniak
Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical Collage Jagiellonian University, Kraków 30-688, Poland. Pawel.Zagrodzki@ifj.edu.pl.
Paweł
P
Zagrodzki
German Nutrition Society, Bonn 53175, Germany. bechthold@dge.de.
Angela
A
Bechthold
Department of Human Nutrition and Hygiene, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań 60-624, Poland. mmardas@up.poznan.pl.
Marcin
M
Mardas
Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal 14558, Germany. boeing@dife.de.
Heiner
H
Boeing
D000328:Adult; D004032:Diet; D002149:Energy Intake; D005504:Food Analysis; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity
adults; body weight; energy intake; obesity