Microparticle Shedding by Erythrocytes, Monocytes and Vascular Smooth Muscular Cells Is Reduced by Aspirin in Diabetic Patients.
OBJECTIVE
Diabetes mellitus is associated with an enhanced risk for cardiovascular disease and its prevalence is increasing. Diabetes induces metabolic stress on blood and vascular cells, promoting platelet activation and vascular dysfunction. The level of vascular cell activation can be measured by the number and phenotype of microparticles found in the circulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a platelet-inhibitory dose of aspirin on the number and type of microparticles shed to the circulation.


METHODS
Forty-three diabetic patients were enrolled in the study and received a daily dose of 100mg of aspirin for 10 days to cover the average platelet life-span in the circulation. Before and after the intervention period, circulating microparticles were characterized and quantified by flow cytometry.


RESULTS
Type 1 diabetic patients had about twice the number of tissue factor-positive circulating microparticles (derived both from platelets and monocytes) and endothelial-derived E-selectin positive microparticles than type 2 diabetic patients. Aspirin therapy significantly inhibited platelets since cyclooxygenase 1 derived thromboxane generation levels were reduced by 99%. Microparticles derived from erythrocytes, activated monocytes, and smooth muscle cells were significantly reduced after 10 days of aspirin administration.


CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate that: a) vascular and blood cells in type 1 diabetic patients are exposed to more sustained stress shown by their specific microparticle origin and levels; b) aspirin therapy inhibits vascular wall cell activation and microparticle shedding, and c) the effects of aspirin are similar in type 1 and 2 diabetes.
Institut Català de Ciències Cardiovasculars (ICCC), Barcelona, Spain.
Gemma
G
Chiva-Blanch
Institut Català de Ciències Cardiovasculars (ICCC), Barcelona, Spain.
Rosa
R
Suades
Institut Català de Ciències Cardiovasculars (ICCC), Barcelona, Spain.
Teresa
T
Padró
Institut Català de Ciències Cardiovasculars (ICCC), Barcelona, Spain.
Gemma
G
Vilahur
Institut Català de Ciències Cardiovasculars (ICCC), Barcelona, Spain.
Esther
E
Peña
Centro Médico Teknon, Barcelona, Spain.
Juan
J
Ybarra
Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Jose M
JM
Pou
Institut Català de Ciències Cardiovasculars (ICCC), Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: lbadimon@csic-iccc.org.
Lina
L
Badimon
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001241:Aspirin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015539:Platelet Activation; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage
D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D001241:Aspirin
Activated cells; Aspirin; Circulating cell-derived microparticles; Células activadas; Diabetes mellitus; Factor tisular; Micropartículas circulantes derivadas de células; Tissue factor; Ácido acetilsalicílico