Anti-inflammatory Activity of Berry Fruits in Mice Model of Inflammation is Based on Oxidative Stress Modulation.
BACKGROUND
Many fruits have been used as nutraceuticals because the presence of bioactive molecules that play biological activities.


OBJECTIVE
The present study was designed to compare the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of methanolic extracts of Lycium barbarum (GOJI), Vaccinium macrocarpon (CRAN) and Vaccinium myrtillus (BLUE).


METHODS
Mices were treated with extracts (50 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.), twice a day through 10 days. Phytochemical analysis was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Antioxidant activity was determine by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, reducing power, lipid peroxidation thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) activity. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by paw edema followed by determination of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and TBARS.


RESULTS
High amount of phenolic compounds, including rutin, were identified in all berries extracts. However, quercetin was observed only in BLUE and CRAN. GOJI presents higher scavenging activity of DPPH radical and reducing power than BLUE and CRAN. The extracts improved antioxidant status in liver; BLUE showed the largest reduction (75.3%) in TBARS when compared to CRAN (70.7%) and GOJI (65.3%). Nonetheless, CAT activity was lower in BLUE group. However, hepatic concentrations of GSH were higher in animals treated with GOJI rather than CRAN and BLUE. Despite all fruits caused a remarkable reduction in paw edema and TBARS, only BLUE and CRAN were able to reduce MPO.


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that quercetin, rutin, or other phenolic compound found in these berry fruits extracts could produce an anti-inflammatory response based on modulation of oxidative stress in paw edema model.


CONCLUSIONS
Within fruits broadly consumed because of its nutraceuticals properties include, Lycium barbarum (Goji berry), Vaccinium myrtillus (Blueberry or Bilberry) and Vaccinium macrocarpon (Cranberry)The objectives of this study were the investigation and comparison of chemical composition, antioxidant activity "in vitro" and "in vivo" and anti inflammatory property of berry fruits bought dry form.In summary, two main findings can be addressed with this study: (1) Berry fruits presented antioxidant and anti inflammatory activities "in vitro" and "in vivo"; (2) the extracts of GOJI, CRAN, and BLUE modulate the inflammatory process by different mechanisms.
Laboratory of Pharmacology, Life Sciences Branch, University of the West of Santa Catarina - Unoesc, Brazil.
Geisson Marcos
GM
Nardi
Laboratory of Pharmacology, Life Sciences Branch, University of the West of Santa Catarina - Unoesc, Brazil.
Adriana Graziele
AG
Farias Januario
Post Graduate Program in Science and Biotechnology, Branch of Biotechnology, University of the West of Santa Catarina - Unoesc, Brazil.
Cassio Geremia
CG
Freire
Post Graduate Program in Science and Biotechnology, Branch of Biotechnology, University of the West of Santa Catarina - Unoesc, Brazil.
Fernanda
F
Megiolaro
Post Graduate Program in Science and Biotechnology, Branch of Biotechnology, University of the West of Santa Catarina - Unoesc, Brazil.
Kétlin
K
Schneider
Post Graduate Program in Science and Biotechnology, Branch of Biotechnology, University of the West of Santa Catarina - Unoesc, Brazil.
Marlene Raimunda Andreola
MR
Perazzoli
Laboratory of Pharmacology, Life Sciences Branch, University of the West of Santa Catarina - Unoesc, Brazil.
Scheley Raap
SR
Do Nascimento
Post Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chemical-Pharmaceutical Investigations Center, University of Itajaí Valley - Univali, Brazil.
Ana Cristina
AC
Gon
Post Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chemical-Pharmaceutical Investigations Center, University of Itajaí Valley - Univali, Brazil.
Luísa Nathália Bolda
LN
Mariano
Laboratory of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Life Sciences Branch, University of the West of Santa Catarina - Unoesc, Brazil.
Glauber
G
Wagner
Post Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chemical-Pharmaceutical Investigations Center, University of Itajaí Valley - Univali, Brazil.
Rivaldo
R
Niero
Post Graduate Program in Science and Biotechnology, Branch of Biotechnology, University of the West of Santa Catarina - Unoesc, Brazil.
Claudriana
C
Locatelli
Anti-inflammatory; Goji berry; antioxidant; blueberry; cranberry; paw edema