Comparison of residual salivary fluoride retention using amine fluoride toothpastes in caries-free and caries-prone children.
OBJECTIVE
This was to compare the salivary fluoride levels following tooth brushing with amine fluoride toothpastes containing three different concentrations of F (250 ppm F, 500 ppm F and 1250 ppm F) and to evaluate the effect of rinsing with water on the oral fluoride levels up to 90 min.


METHODS
A double blind randomised six-arm crossover study was conducted with 32 child participants. Patients were divided into two groups depending on their caries experience with caries-free group (n = 17, mean age = 72.9 months) and caries-prone group (n = 15, mean age = 69.6 months, mean dmfs = 12.3). Each participant brushed their teeth with a smear of dentifrice containing (250 ppm, 500 ppm and 1250 ppm F toothpastes) for 60 s. After spitting out the dentifrice/saliva slurry, participants either rinsed with water or did not rinse at all. Samples of whole mixed unstimulated saliva were collected at 0 (baseline), 1, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 mins post-brushing/rinsing.


RESULTS
After completing the study on residual fluoride concentration it was found that caries was not a significant variable (p = 0.567) while every other variable was (all p values <0.001). Time, toothpaste F concentration and rinse had significant effects (p < 0.001). In general, higher residual salivary F concentrations were found with increased F concentration in toothpastes and when no rinsing was performed after brushing.


CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study support the current recommendation of using toothpastes with >1000 ppm F concentration in children with an increased caries risk in addition to spitting excess toothpaste with no rinsing following brushing.
Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Leeds Dental Institute, Leeds, UK. denha@leeds.ac.uk.
H
H
Nazzal
Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Leeds Dental Institute, Leeds, UK.
M S
MS
Duggal
Hamdan Bin Mohamed College of Dental Medicine, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
M B
MB
Kowash
Department of Oral Biology, Leeds Dental Institute, Leeds, UK.
J
J
Kang
Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Leeds Dental Institute, Leeds, UK.
K J
KJ
Toumba
D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002648:Child; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003731:Dental Caries; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005459:Fluorides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism*; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000379:methods*; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D014100:Toothpastes; D005459:Fluorides
Amine Fluoride; Children; Clearance; Fluoride; Saliva; Toothpaste