title: Evaluation of the risk factors associated with high-dose chemotherapy-induced dysgeusia in patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: possible usefulness of cryotherapy in dysgeusia prevention.
abstract: Dysgeusia is one of the sporadic adverse effects induced by chemotherapy, but it remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to retrospectively identify the risk factors related with dysgeusia in patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT).
  
  
  
  Forty-eight patients with myeloma or lymphoma undergoing AHSCT were enrolled in this study. Data regarding dysgeusia and symptoms were collected by interviews conducted by medical workers. Patient characteristics and unfavorable effects induced by dysgeusia were obtained from medical records and analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors related with dysgeusia.
  
  
  
  Of the 48 patients, 20 (42 %) had dysgeusia after AHSCT. The total period of parenteral nutrition (TPN) administration and period of decreased oral intake in the dysgeusia group were statistically longer than those in the non-dysgeusia group. Multivariate analyses revealed that oral mucositis (odds ratio: 30.3; p < 0.01) and the type of chemotherapy prior to AHSCT (odds ratio: 6.56; p < 0.05) were independent risk factors, while oral cryotherapy was the independent suppressive factor of dysgeusia (odds ratio: 0.14; p < 0.05).
  
  
  
  Our study showed that dysgeusia after AHSCT led to the decrease in oral intake and extended the TPN administration period. Moreover, MEAM or LEED chemotherapy and oral mucositis were independent risk factors for dysgeusia in patients undergoing AHSCT, while oral cryotherapy was an independent suppressive factor for dysgeusia. Therefore, oral cryotherapy should be implemented into the regimen of supportive care management in patients undergoing AHSCT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice Pedagogy Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan. naoto-o@tokushima-u.ac.jp.|Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital, 2-50-1 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan. naoto-o@tokushima-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokushima, Shomachi-1, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hanafusa
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice Pedagogy Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice Pedagogy Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Chiemi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital, 2-50-1 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshimi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital, 2-50-1 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Teraoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-8-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice Pedagogy Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 1-78-1 Shomachi, Tokushima, 770-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawazoe
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital, 2-50-1 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.|Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-8-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishizawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017679:Cryotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D004408:Dysgeusia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Dysgeusia; Oral cryotherapy; Supportive care