title: Management of acute intestinal failure: A position paper from the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) Special Interest Group.
abstract: Intestinal failure (IF) is the consequence of a reduction of gut function below the minimum necessary for the absorption of nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract. Types I and II comprise acute intestinal failure (AIF). Although its prevalence is relatively low, type II AIF is serious and requires specialist multidisciplinary care, often for prolonged periods before its resolution. The key aspects are: sepsis control, fluid and electrolyte resuscitation, optimization of nutritional status, wound care, appropriate surgery and active rehabilitation. The ESPEN Acute Intestinal Failure Special Interest Group (AIF SIG) has devised this position paper to provide a state-of-the-art overview of the management of type II AIF and to point out areas for future research.
authors.affiliation: General and Oncology Surgery Unit, Stanley Dudrick's Memorial Hospital, Skawina, Poland. Electronic address: klek@poczta.onet.pl.
authors.forename: Stanislaw
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Klek
authors.affiliation: Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
authors.forename: Alastair
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Forbes
authors.affiliation: The Lennard-Jones Intestinal Failure Unit, St Mark's Hospital and Academic Institute, Harrow, UK.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Centre for Nutrition and Bowel Disease, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Mette
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Holst
authors.affiliation: Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Geert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wanten
authors.affiliation: Gastrosurgery Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, University Hospital North-Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Dept. of Gastroenterologic Surgery, University Hospital North-Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Øivind
authors.initials: Ø
authors.lastname: Irtun
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Steven Olde
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Damink
authors.affiliation: Department for Perioperative Nutrition, Clinic for General Surgery, Military Medica Academy, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Panisic-Sekeljic
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Support Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosa Burgos
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Pelaez
authors.affiliation: Center for Chronic Intestinal Failure, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Loris
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pironi
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Tartu, Puusepa 8, 51014 Tartu, Estonia; Department of Gastroenterology, Centre for Nutrition and Bowel Disease, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Annika Reintam
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Blaser
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Centre for Nutrition and Bowel Disease, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Henrik Højgaard
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, CHU of Nice, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France.
authors.forename: Stéphane M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Unit, Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, CHU Rennes, Université Rennes 1, INSERM U991, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Ronan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thibault
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ruben G J
authors.initials: RGJ
authors.lastname: Visschers
authors.affiliation: Intestinal failure Unit, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shaffer
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease / Q000628:therapy; D005060:Europe; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D033183:Interdisciplinary Communication; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000150:complications; D044623:Nutrition Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D018805:Sepsis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control
keywords: Acute intestinal failure (AIF); Intestinal failure; SNAP; SOWATS