title: In Vivo Trial of a Novel Atraumatic Urinary Catheter Design for Prevention of Catheter-Induced Trauma.
abstract: Clinically significant urinary tract infection may be the most familiar complication of urinary catheterization; however, catheter-associated trauma can entail even more significant morbidity. We have designed and patented a novel atraumatic urinary catheter (AUC) and through this study, we compare its efficacy with the conventional Foley catheter (FC) in vivo.
  
  
  
  Forty male rabbits were divided into two equal groups for FC and AUC. The animals were catheterized on day 4 for 8 hours to compare the maintenance of the tubes and sedated before standardized forcible extraction of the catheter under sedation with the balloon still inflated. They were then examined visually and by cystoscopy.
  
  
  
  In a number of animals in either group, the catheters failed to drain urine effectively due to anatomical issues. Those were excluded from the study. At the extraction phase, evidence of urethral trauma was found in 13 of 15 FC rabbits, but only in 4 of 14 in the AUC group (p = 0.009). Major trauma, however, was exclusively seen in the FC group, with 12 of 15 subjects sustaining deep lacerations or urethral disruption.
  
  
  
  The two catheters bear similar efficacy for maintaining urine drainage; however, traumatic injury is significantly less common following forceful extraction of the AUC than a conventional Foley.
authors.affiliation: 1 Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) , Tehran, Iran .
authors.forename: Ramyar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Azar
authors.affiliation: 2 Hasheminejad Kidney Center (HKC), Hospital Management Research Center (HMRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) , Tehran, Iran .
authors.forename: Pejman
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shadpour
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004867:Equipment Design; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D014521:Urethra / Q000293:injuries*; D014546:Urinary Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation; D062885:Urinary Catheters