title: Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations and Risk of Stroke.
abstract: Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are rare, with an estimated incidence of 2 to 3 cases per 100,000, with most PAVMs (50%-80%) occurring in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Hypoxemia and orthodeoxia are some of the more common clinical presentations. The estimated risk of stroke secondary to PAVMs is as high as 2.6% to 25.0%. A combination of chest radiograph and contrast echocardiography is a good screening evaluation in patients with suspected PAVMs. Transcatheter therapy is the most suitable therapeutic option in most patients with PAVMs, and a variety of devices can be used to occlude the PAVMs.
authors.affiliation: Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Sidra Medical and Research Center, PO Box 26999, Doha, Qatar. Electronic address: rholzer@sidra.org.
authors.forename: Ralf J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Holzer
authors.affiliation: The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
authors.forename: Clifford L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Cua
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000002:abnormalities*; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia; PAVMs; Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations; Risk; Stroke