title: Infant Growth following Maternal Participation in a Gestational Weight Management Intervention.
abstract: Obesity is widespread and treatment strategies have demonstrated limited success. Changes to obstetrical practice in response to obesity may support obesity prevention by influencing offspring growth trajectories.
  
  
  
  This retrospective cohort study examined growth among infants born to obese mothers who participated in Nutrition in Pregnancy (NIP), a prenatal nutrition intervention at one urban hospital. NIP participants had Medicaid insurance and BMIs of 30 kg/m(2) or greater. We compared NIP infant growth to a historical control cohort, matched on maternal factors: age, race/ethnicity, prepregnancy BMI, parity, and history of prepregnancy hypertension or preterm birth.
  
  
  
  Growth data were available for 61 NIP and 145 control infants. Most mothers were African American (94%). Mean maternal BMI was 39.9 kg/m(2) (standard deviation [SD], 5.6) for NIP participants and 38.8 kg/m(2) (SD, 6.0) for controls. Pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth, gestational diabetes, and birth weight, did not differ between groups. NIP participants were more likely to attend a postpartum visit (69% vs. 52%; p value, 0.03). At 1 year, 17% of NIP infants and 15% of controls had weight-for-length (WFL) ≥95th percentile (p value, 0.66). Other markers of accelerated infant growth, including crossing WFL percentiles and peak infant BMI, did not differ between groups.
  
  
  
  There was no difference in growth between infants whose mothers participated in a prenatal nutrition intervention and those whose mothers did not. Existing prenatal programs for obese women may be inadequate to prevent pediatric obesity without pediatric collaboration to promote family-centered support beyond pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: 1 General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Emily F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Gregory
authors.affiliation: 2 Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Matthew A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Goldshore
authors.affiliation: 3 Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Janice L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.affiliation: 3 Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Weatherford
authors.affiliation: 1 General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Nakiya N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Showell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D015992:Body Mass Index; D037001:Directive Counseling; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000379:methods*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D015430:Weight Gain; D061217:Weight Reduction Programs / Q000379:methods*