title: Is lymphovascular invasion a powerful predictor for biochemical recurrence in pT3 N0 prostate cancer? Results from the K-CaP database.
abstract: To assess the impact of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) on the risk of biochemical recurrence (BCR) in pT3 N0 prostate cancer, clinical data were extracted from 1,622 patients with pT3 N0 prostate cancer from the K-CaP database. Patients with neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (n = 325) or insufficient pathologic or follow-up data (n = 87) were excluded. The primary endpoint was the oncologic importance of LVI, and the secondary endpoint was the hierarchical relationships for estimating BCR between the evaluated variables. LVI was noted in 260 patients (21.5%) and was significantly associated with other adverse clinicopathologic features. In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, LVI was significantly associated with an increased risk of BCR after adjusting for known prognostic factors. In the Bayesian belief network analysis, LVI and pathologic Gleason score were found to be first-degree associates of BCR, whereas prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, seminal vesicle invasion, perineural invasion, and high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia were considered second-degree associates. In the random survival forest, pathologic Gleason score, LVI, and PSA level were three most important variables in determining BCR of patients with pT3 N0 prostate cancer. In conclusion, LVI is one of the most powerful adverse prognostic factors for BCR in patients with pT3 N0 prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Hyun
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Creative IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea.
authors.forename: Yejin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Creative IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea.
authors.forename: Hwanjo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Informatics, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: In Young
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Seok-Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Byun
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Cheol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Byung Ha
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Moo
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Choung Soo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Youl
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D019043:Vascular Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary*
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen