title: Comparison of features and outcomes of perforated peptic ulcer between Malaysians and foreigners.
abstract: Perforated peptic ulcers (PPU) present as serious surgical emergencies that carry high mortality and morbidity. Foreigners with PPU are also managed in our hospital setting. Their inclusion significantly alters the trend and pattern of PPU seen in Malaysia.
  
  
  
  To compare per-operative and post-operative features and outcomes of perforated peptic ulcers between Malaysians and foreigners.
  
  
  
  This was an analytical crosssectional study. All patients who underwent repair of perforated peptic ulcer disease during a 6-year period were included. 50 consecutive patients' records with perforated peptic ulcer were analysed. Data were collected from operation theatre database and hospital medical records. Chi square and t test were performed using SPSS statistical software.
  
  
  
  Total of 50 patients, of which 30 were Malaysians and 20 were foreigners. The mean age of Malaysian patients was 58.3 ± 15.2 years whereas the mean age for foreign patients was 30.3 ± 6.7 years, with foreign patients being significantly younger than local patients. Foreigners had significantly smaller ulcers with only 5% of them having ulcers more than 1cm while 36.7% of Malaysian patients had ulcers more than 1cm. Post-operative complications are significantly higher in Malaysian patients (p<0.05) with 40% of Malaysian patients and 10% of foreign patients developing post-operative complications.
  
  
  
  Foreign patients are younger with significantly smaller perforated ulcers and better post-operative outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Tuanku Ja'afar Hospital, Department of Surgery, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. gunpop.kl@gmail.com.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kugan
authors.affiliation: Tuanku Ja'afar Hospital, Department of Surgery, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Mahadevan
authors.affiliation: International Medical University, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kandasami
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004630:Emergencies; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010439:Peptic Ulcer Perforation / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies