title: Transthoracic Subarterial Ventricular Septal Defect Occlusion Using a Minimally Invasive Incision.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study sought to investigate the feasibility of transthoracic occlusion of a subarterial ventricular septal defect using a minimally invasive incision.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2009 and June 2014, we performed transthoracic subarterial ventricular septal defect occlusion for 81 patients via a minimally invasive incision. A special delivery sheath was used during surgery, and an eccentric occluder was implanted in the ventricular septal defect.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Successful defect closure was achieved in 74 cases, perioperative arrhythmia occurred in five cases, and a large pericardial effusion was observed in two cases. Open heart surgery was performed for two patients to repair postoperative dislocation of the occluder. Intraoperative conversion to surgical repair was required in seven cases. During one to five years of follow-up, there was no late occluder dislocation, residual leakage, or thrombus-related complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transthoracic subarterial ventricular septal defect occlusion using a minimally invasive incision may be an alternative to open surgical repair in selected patients. doi: 10.1111/jocs.12754 (J Card Surg 2016;31:398-402).
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Gui-Can
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Liang-Wan
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Huang
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000601:surgery*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D055989:Septal Occluder Device; D013249:Sternum / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult