title: Vascular ageing and endothelial cell senescence: Molecular mechanisms of physiology and diseases.
abstract: Ageing leads to a progressive deterioration of structure and function of all organs over the time. During this process endothelial cells undergo senescence and manifest significant changes in their properties, resulting in impairment of the vascular functionality and neo-angiogenic capability. This ageing-dependent impairment of endothelial functions is considered a key factor contributing to vascular dysfunctions, which is responsible of several age-related diseases of the vascular system and other organs. Several mechanisms have been described to control ageing-related endothelial cell senescence including microRNAs, mitochondrial dysfunction and micro environmental stressors, such as hypoxia. In this review, we attempt to summarize the recent literature in the field, discussing the major mechanisms involved in endothelial cell senescence. We also underline key molecular aspects of ageing-associated vascular dysfunction in the attempt to highlight potential innovative therapeutic targets to delay the onset of age-related diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Regina
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Panatta
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy; Biochemistry Laboratory, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IDI-IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Candi
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy; Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Hodgkin Building, Lancaster Road, P.O. Box 138, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK.
authors.forename: Gerry
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Melino
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Hodgkin Building, Lancaster Road, P.O. Box 138, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK.
authors.forename: Ivano
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Amelio
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Carmela Rita
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Balistreri
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Laboratory, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IDI-IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Margherita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Di Daniele
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy. Electronic address: giovanni.ruvolo@uniroma2.it.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ruvolo
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D016922:Cellular Senescence; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: Endotheliocyte; Endothelium; Hypoxia; Mitochondrial dysfunction; Oxidative stress; Transglutaminase 2; VEGF; microRNAs; p53 family; p73