title: Determination of the least amount of iodine load required for the detection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma at 80-kVp CT.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the iodine load per body weight (ILPBW) that is minimally required for the detection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma for 80kVp CT imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  Institutional review board approval and written informed consent were obtained. Fifty-seven consecutive patients with histopathologically-proven pancreatic adenocarcinoma were assigned to three groups at random according to iodine load (0.5, 0.4, and 0.3gI/kg) and underwent CT at 80kVp. Enhancement of the pancreas and visualization of the tumor were assessed during the pancreatic parenchymal-phase and compared among the three groups. The relationship between the iodine load and tumor conspicuity was also analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean CT number of the pancreas (HUpancreas) was higher in the 0.5gI/kg group (158.8HU) than in the 0.4 (121.7HU) and 0.3 (106.6HU) gI/kg groups (P<0.05). Tumor-to-pancreas contrast (HUtumor-to-pancreas) was also higher in 0.5gI/kg group (88.9HU) than in 0.4 (62.2HU) and 0.3 (54.5HU) gI/kg groups (P<0.05). Linear regression between HUpancreas or HUtumor-to-pancreas and ILPBW were expressed as HUpancreas=23.3+263.9×ILPBW (r=0.74, P<0.0001) and HUtumor-to-pancreas=-1.24+174.3×ILPBW (r=0.56, P<0.0001), respectively. The iodine load estimated to achieve an acceptable HUpancreas (>100HU) and HUtumor-to-pancreas (>50HU) were 0.29 and 0.30gI/kg, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An iodine load of 0.3gI/kg was the least amount required for the detection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma at 80kVp CT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Noda
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan. Electronic address: gossy@par.odn.ne.jp.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goshima
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology Services, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyoshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawada
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koyasu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; Department of Radiology Services, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanematsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Kyongtae
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: T Bae
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007455:Iodine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007479:Iopamidol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010179:Pancreas / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; C057937:iomeprol; D007455:Iodine; D007479:Iopamidol
keywords: 80kVp; CT; Contrast; Pancreas; Pancreatic adenocarcinoma