title: In vivo isolation of the effects of melanin from underlying hemodynamics across skin types using spatial frequency domain spectroscopy.
abstract: Skin is a highly structured tissue, raising concerns as to whether skin pigmentation due to epidermal melanin may confound accurate measurements of underlying hemodynamics. Using both venous and arterial cuff occlusions as a means of inducing differential hemodynamic perturbations, we present analyses of spectra limited to the visible or near-infrared regime, in addition to a layered model approach. The influence of melanin, spanning Fitzpatrick skin types I to V, on underlying estimations of hemodynamics in skin as interpreted by these spectral regions are assessed. The layered model provides minimal cross-talk between melanin and hemodynamics and enables removal of problematic correlations between measured tissue oxygenation estimates and skin phototype.
authors.affiliation: University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, 1002 Health Sciences Road East, Irvine, California 92612, United States.
authors.forename: Rolf B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Saager
authors.affiliation: University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, 1002 Health Sciences Road East, Irvine, California 92612, United States.
authors.forename: Ata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharif
authors.affiliation: University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, 1002 Health Sciences Road East, Irvine, California 92612, United StatesbUniversity of California, Irvine, Department of Dermatology, 118 Medical Surge 1, Irvine, California 9269.
authors.forename: Kristen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.affiliation: University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, 1002 Health Sciences Road East, Irvine, California 92612, United States.
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Durkin
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008543:Melanins / Q000737:chemistry*; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012880:Skin Pigmentation; D013057:Spectrum Analysis
chemical_list: D008543:Melanins