title: Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR) Applied to Study the Distribution of Ink Components in Printed Newspapers.
abstract: A new method was developed to study how the oil and cyan pigments of cold-set ink are distributed in newspaper thickness. The methodology involved laboratory printing followed by delamination of the printed paper. The unprinted side, printed side, and resulting layers were analyzed using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR). Three commercial newspapers and black and cyan cold-set inks were chosen for the study. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy enabled the proportion of oil and cyan pigment on the printed surface and throughout the sheet thickness to be measured. Oil percentage was evaluated as the area increment of the region from 2800 cm(-1) to 3000 cm(-1) The relative amount of cyan pigment was determined as the area of the absorption band at 730 cm(-1) The ink oil was found mainly below half the paper thickness, whereas the pigment was detected at the layers closer to the printed surface, at a depth penetration of less than 15 µm (20% of thickness). Distribution of these two components in paper thickness depended on the type of cold-set ink, the amount of ink transferred, and the newspaper properties.
authors.affiliation: Cellulose and Paper Laboratory, INIA-CIFOR (Forest Research Centre), Madrid, Spain nuria@inia.es.
authors.forename: Nuria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.affiliation: EUIT Forestal, Technical University of Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Molleda
authors.affiliation: Cellulose and Paper Laboratory, INIA-CIFOR (Forest Research Centre), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ester
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Quintana
authors.affiliation: Cellulose and Paper Laboratory, INIA-CIFOR (Forest Research Centre), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Carbajo
authors.affiliation: Holmen Paper Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Cellulose and Paper Laboratory, INIA-CIFOR (Forest Research Centre), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Villar
keywords: Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR); Cold-set ink; Ink penetration; Newspaper; Offset printing; Sheet splitting