title: The effect of vitamin D on primary dysmenorrhea with vitamin D deficiency: a randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial.
abstract: Dysmenorrhea is common among women of reproductive age. This study aim was to investigate the effect of vitamin D (vit D) supplementation in treatment of primary dysmenorrhea with vit D deficiency. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 60 women with primary dysmenorrhea and vit D deficiency referred to our clinic at Arash Women's Hospital from September 2013 to December 2014. Eligible women were randomly assigned into treatment and control groups (30 in each group). Individuals in the treatment group received 50 000 IU oral vit D and the control group received placebo weekly for eight weeks. After two months of treatment, there was a significant difference in serum vit D concentration between the two groups (p < 0.001). Pain severity decreased significantly in treatment group after eight weeks of treatment. There was a significant difference in pain intensity between the two groups after eight weeks of treatment and one month after the end of treatment (p < 0.001 for both). A weekly high dose (50 000 IU) oral vit D supplementation for eight weeks in patients with primary dysmenorrhea and vit D deficiency could improve pain intensity.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .|b Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center , Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Ashraf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moini
authors.affiliation: a Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Tabandeh
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ebrahimi
authors.affiliation: c Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .|d Department of Endocrinology , Vali-Asr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Complex Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Nooshin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shirzad
authors.affiliation: a Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Reihaneh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.affiliation: c Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .|e Department of Clinical Pharmacy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Mania
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Radfar
authors.affiliation: f Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bandarian
authors.affiliation: g Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran , and.
authors.forename: Shahrzad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jafari-Adli
authors.affiliation: h Department of Community Medicine , School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences , Karaj , Iran.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qorbani
authors.affiliation: d Department of Endocrinology , Vali-Asr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Complex Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Mahboobeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hemmatabadi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004412:Dysmenorrhea / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000188:drug therapy*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D
keywords: Dysmenorrhea; supplementation; vitamin D