title: Dietary nano-selenium relieves hypoxia stress and, improves immunity and disease resistance in the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis).
abstract: Hypoxia is a relevant physiological challenge for crab culture, and the hemolymph plays a crucial role in response to the hypoxia. In a 60 d feeding trial, Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) fed a diet containing 0.2 mg/kg nano-selenium (nanoSe) showed a significantly increased weight gain rate (WGR) and a reduced feed coefficient (FC) compared to those fed diets with 0, 0.1, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 mg/kg nanoSe. Another 90 d feeding trial was conducted to determine the influence of dietary nanoSe on the immune response in juvenile Chinese mitten crabs kept under the condition of hypoxia. The results showed that hypoxia stress resulted in significantly increased hemocyte counts (THC, LGC, SGC, and HC), expression levels of the hemocyanin gene and protein, lactic acid level, and antioxidant capacity (T-AOC activities, SOD activities, GSH-Px and GSH content) in hemolymph supernatant. When these crabs were infected with Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria, hypoxia exposure increased mortality, but it was alleviated by a diet supplemented with 0.2 mg/kg nanoSe. The up-regulative effects of nanoSe (0.2 mg/kg) on antioxidant capacity, hemocyte counts, and hemocyanin expression under hypoxia exposure were further strengthened throughout, whereas lactic acid levels induced by hypoxia stress were restored. Thus, the observations in this study indicate that the level of dietary nanoSe is important in regulating immunity and disease resistance in crabs kept under hypoxia stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China. Electronic address: qinfenju@mail.usts.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Fenju
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Miaomiao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science and Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
authors.forename: Hongxia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Jiangsu Bio-Engineering Research Centre of Selenium, Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Linxi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Taicang Fishery Guidance Station, Suzhou 215400, China.
authors.forename: Wenhao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.affiliation: School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China. Electronic address: songxh@suda.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xuehong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D060829:Arthropod Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003386:Brachyura / Q000187:drug effects*; D004032:Diet; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006433:Hemocyanins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006458:Hemolymph / Q000187:drug effects; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects*; D012643:Selenium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D060829:Arthropod Proteins; D006433:Hemocyanins; D012643:Selenium
keywords: Antioxidant capacity; Hemocyanin; Hemocytes; Hypoxia; Immunity; NanoSe