title: Maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnancies with multiple sclerosis: a case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether maternal multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes by determining the clinical course of disease during pregnancy and postpartum throughout a 10-year-period in a single tertiary center.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a case-control study that included pregnancies with a definitive diagnosis of MS (n=43), matched with 100 healthy pregnant women with similar characteristics. Maternal and perinatal data were retrieved from hospital files. Groups were compared with the Mann-Whitney and χ2 tests. Logistic regression models were constructed to determine independent effects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maternal demographic and baseline laboratory data were similar across the groups. Rates of preterm delivery, fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, stillbirth, cesarean delivery, congenital malformation, and 5-min Apgar score were comparable (P>0.05 for all). General anesthesia during cesarean delivery (96% vs. 39%, P=0.002), urinary tract infection (UTI) (12% vs. 3%, P=0.04), low 1-min Apgar score (21% vs. 9%, P=0.04), and nonbreastfeeding (33% vs. 2%, P=0.001) were more frequent in women with MS. The low 1-min Apgar score and breastfeeding rates were independent of general anesthesia and UTI in regression models.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MS during pregnancy was not associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes except UTI, low 1-min Apgar scores, and decreased breastfeeding rates.
authors.affiliation: .
authors.forename: Serenat Eris
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Yalcin
authors.affiliation: .
authors.forename: Yakup
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yalcin
authors.affiliation: .
authors.forename: And
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yavuz
authors.affiliation: .
authors.forename: Mehmet Ozgur
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Akkurt
authors.affiliation: .
authors.forename: Mekin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sezik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Apgar scores; breastfeeding; maternal morbidity; multiple sclerosis (MS); pregnancy