title: Cellular responses of the tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon haemocytes after lipopolysaccharide injection.
abstract: This study was aimed at investigating the in vivo effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection on Penaeus monodon haemocytes at a cellular level. Cellular responses of LPS-injected shrimp were analysed using flow cytometry. Results showed that LPS injection caused total haemocyte count (THC) and count of large cells (semigranular and granular cells) decline. In LPS-injected shrimp, percentage of large cells decreased at the initial stage, and returned to the original level later. After LPS infection, non-specific esterase activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and nitric oxide (NO) production in haemocytes were significantly induced, while apoptotic cell ratio of haemocytes increased. PO activity in plasma increased in shrimp received LPS at 2 μg g(-1) after 3-12 h and at 8 μg g(-1) after 3-6 h, and then returned to the initial levels. These results demonstrated that LPS induced immune responses on haemocytes, including production of ROS and NO, and release of esterase and PO. On the other hand, THC reduction might be due to the ROS/NO-induced apoptosis. Haemocyte apoptosis which would eliminate damaged or weak cells and contribute to haemocyte renewal, may be a defending strategie against pathogens.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jian-An
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Xian
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiu-Xia
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guang-dong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: wangdm1969@126.com.
authors.forename: Dong-Mei
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: wanganl@scnu.edu.com.
authors.forename: An-Li
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000502:physiology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides
keywords: Cellular response; Flow cytometry; Haemocyte; Immunity; Lipopolysaccharide; Penaeus monodon