title: Purple rice anthocyanin extract protects cardiac function in STZ-induced diabetes rat hearts by inhibiting cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) often causes chronic inflammation, hypertrophy, apoptosis and fibrosis in the heart and subsequently leads to myocardial remodeling, deteriorated cardiac function and heart failure. Anthocyanins are strong antioxidants that show effective cardioprotective properties. Our aim was to determine whether anthocyanin extracted from purple rice provides protective effects in DM hearts. Five-week-old male Wistar rats were administered with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce type 1 diabetes. Animals were randomly divided into normal group, DM group (induced by 55mg/kg STZ, i.p.) and DM with anthocyanin group (250mg/kg/day, feeding 4 weeks). After treatment, the left ventricular tissues were collected to observe the relevant changes in the heart and the associated molecular events were determined by Western blotting assay. STZ-induced DM increased the proinflammatory signaling proteins in the heart and triggered the development of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Significant reduction in the heart function index such as left ventricular end-diastolic dimension and left ventricular end-systolic dimension was observed in the STZ-induced DM rat hearts, suggesting myocardial tissue damage and loss of heart function. Treatment with anthocyanin from purple rice extract, however, reduced the effect of DM and showed significant reduction in cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Anthocyanin therefore restores the deteriorating cardiac functions in DM rats as evident from their heart functional parameters.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Section of Cardiology, Yuan Rung Hospital, Yuanlin, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Marthandam Asokan
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Shibu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Jen
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Division of Colorectal Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Cheng
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India.
authors.forename: Vijaya Padma
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Viswanadha
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Force Taichung General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chao-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuan-Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Chinese Medicine Department, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tsung-Jung
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Wen
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: cyhuang@mail.cmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chih-Yang
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D058065:Diabetic Cardiomyopathies / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005355:Fibrosis; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013311:Streptozocin
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D015415:Biomarkers; D013311:Streptozocin
keywords: Anthocyanin; Cardiac fibrosis; Cardiac inflammation; Cardiomyopathy; Diabetes mellitus