title: Malondialdehyde can predict survival in hemodialysis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Kidney disease is associated with increased oxidative stress (OS), a nontraditional CV risk factor. Few studies evaluate the effect of OS markers on CV events (CVE) and survival in HD patients. The aim of this study is to examine potential determinants of OS markers and their predictive role on survival and CV morbidity and mortality in HD patients during a long-term follow-up (108 months).
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted an analytical cross-sectional prospective observational study, carried on a cohort of randomly selected HD patients. We registered in 44 HD patients baseline characteristics, OS markers, mortality and CVE over a period of 108 months and we used statistical analysis (descriptive, Kaplan-Meier, univariate and multivariate Cox model) for interpretation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bound malondialdehyde (bMDA) was positively correlated with serum calcium, protein carbonyls (PC) were inversely correlated with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and directly correlated with ferritin, NOx was directly correlated with ceruloplasmin) and serum albumin. Of the measured OS markers only bMDA was related to survival (HR=3.29 95% CI (1.28-8.44), p=0.01), and approached statistical significance in the effect on CV mortality (HR=2.85 95% CI (0.88-9.22), p=0.07). None of the measured OS markers was associated with CVE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  bMDA has a strong predictive value on survival in HD patients in a long-term follow-up (9 years). Its value is correlated with CV mortality but is not a predictor of CV events. Regular assessment of MDA in HD patients and the development of strategies aimed at reducing oxidative stress in these patients might be beneficial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Crina Claudia
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Rusu
authors.affiliation: Department of Dialysis, Nefromed Dialysis Center, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Racasan
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Ina Maria
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Kacso
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Moldovan
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Alina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Potra
authors.affiliation: Department of Dialysis, Nefromed Dialysis Center, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Ioan Mihai
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Patiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vladutiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
authors.forename: Mirela Gherman
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Caprioara
keywords: cardiovascular disease; hemodialysis; malondialdehyde; oxidative stress; survival