title: Development and validation of the simulation-based learning evaluation scale.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The instruments that evaluate a student's perception of receiving simulated training are English versions and have not been tested for reliability or validity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to develop and validate a Chinese version Simulation-Based Learning Evaluation Scale (SBLES).
  
  
  METHODS
  Four stages were conducted to develop and validate the SBLES. First, specific desired competencies were identified according to the National League for Nursing and Taiwan Nursing Accreditation Council core competencies. Next, the initial item pool was comprised of 50 items related to simulation that were drawn from the literature of core competencies. Content validity was established by use of an expert panel. Finally, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted for construct validity, and Cronbach's coefficient alpha determined the scale's internal consistency reliability. Two hundred and fifty students who had experienced simulation-based learning were invited to participate in this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and twenty-five students completed and returned questionnaires (response rate=90%). Six items were deleted from the initial item pool and one was added after an expert panel review. Exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation revealed 37 items remaining in five factors which accounted for 67% of the variance. The construct validity of SBLES was substantiated in a confirmatory factor analysis that revealed a good fit of the hypothesized factor structure. The findings tally with the criterion of convergent and discriminant validity. The range of internal consistency for five subscales was .90 to .93. Items were rated on a 5-point scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study indicate that the SBLES is valid and reliable. The authors recommend that the scale could be applied in the nursing school to evaluate the effectiveness of simulation-based learning curricula.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology at ChiaYi Campus Puzi, Taiwan. Electronic address: cchung@gw.cgust.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chang-Chiao
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology at ChiaYi Campus Puzi, Taiwan. Electronic address: lhc@gw.cgust.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Hsiu-Chen
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology at ChiaYi Campus Puzi, Taiwan. Electronic address: cclin01@gw.cgust.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chun-Chih
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology at ChiaYi Campus Puzi, Taiwan; Nursing Department, Chia-Yi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Puzi, Taiwan. Electronic address: bih-olee@gw.cgust.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Bih-O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards; D003479:Curriculum; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000592:standards*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D000066908:Simulation Training; D013338:Students, Nursing; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013624:Taiwan; D014175:Translating; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: DeVellis' method; Nurse student competence; Simulation-based learning; Simulation-based learning evaluation scale