title: HIV and viral protein effects on the blood brain barrier.
abstract: The blood brain barrier (BBB) plays a critical role in the normal physiology of the central nervous system (CNS) by regulating what crosses from the periphery into the brain. Damage to the BBB or alterations in transport systems may mediate the pathogenesis of many CNS diseases, including HIV-associated CNS dysfunction. HIV-1 infection can result in neuropathologic changes in about one half of infected individuals and also can result in damage to the BBB. HIV-1 and the HIV-1 viral proteins, Tat and gp120, cause alterations in the integrity and function of the BBB through both paracellular and transcellular mechanisms. The current review discusses HIV and viral protein-mediated injury to the BBB with a focus on the effects on tight junction proteins, barrier permeability, and drug efflux proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Sciences; Virginia Commonwealth University ; Richmond, VA USA.
authors.forename: MaryPeace
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McRae
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D002199:Capillary Permeability; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D062725:Tight Junction Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D062725:Tight Junction Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins
keywords: HIV; P-glycoprotein; blood brain barrier; tight junctions; transporters