title: Comparison of Skeletal and Dental Reference Planes with the Hamulus-Incisive-Papilla Plane: A Pilot Study on 3D Reconstructed Tomographies of the Skull.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the hamulus-incisive-papilla (HIP) plane as an alternative for transferring the three-dimensional position of a patient's maxilla to an articulator.
  
  
  METHODS
  Camper, Frankfurt horizontal, occlusal, and HIP planes were evaluated in 21 patients' computed tomography scans and compared to one another.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of variance showed significant differences between all planes, with the HIP plane being closest to the occlusal plane (HIP-OP: 0.6 ± 4.0 degrees). Frankfurt and Camper planes, being more peripheral, showed higher geometric asymmetries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The HIP plane, when used for articulator mounting, results in a closer and more technically reliable patient relationship in a clinical and laboratory context.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pittschieler
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Foltin
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Falkensammer
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Figl
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Birkfellner
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jonke
authors.forename: Hans-Peter
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Bantleon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003725:Dental Articulators; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007180:Incisor / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007574:Jaw Relation Record / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008963:Molar / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015588:Observer Variation; D021362:Palate, Hard / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012016:Reference Values; D013100:Sphenoid Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult