title: Effect of temperature during embryonic development and first feeding of Trichogaster leeri larvae.
abstract: Temperature is an environmental factor that influences the development of fish, and when changed abruptly can lead to high mortality. Some species of fish are influenced by this factor, exhibiting a longer time for embryonic development and time to first feeding. This study aims to evaluate the effect of water temperature on embryonic and larval development up to first feeding, to describe the time in hours post fertilization (hpf) of the emergence of different structures and to determine the best hatching rate and survival of animals under different treatments. Five different egg incubation temperatures were used (24, 26, 28, 30 or 32°C, respectively). The eggs were observed at regular intervals of 30 min up to 24 h, every 2 h until 48 h and every 4 h until the display of first feeding in all treatments. Embryonic development was longer for eggs incubated at 24°C and the best results for hatching rate and survival of spawning efficiency were at 28°C. We recommend that incubation of Trichogaster leeri eggs is carried out at 28°C up to the first feeding of larvae.
authors.affiliation: State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro,Laboratory of Animal Science and Animal Nutrition,CEP - 28013-602,Campos dos Goytacazes,RJ,Brazil.
authors.forename: Samuel Louzada
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro,Laboratory of Animal Science and Animal Nutrition,CEP,Campos dos Goytacazes,RJ,Brazil.
authors.forename: Dalcio Ricardo
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: de Andrade
authors.affiliation: State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro,Laboratory of Animal Science and Animal Nutrition,CEP,Campos dos Goytacazes,RJ,Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcella Costa
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Radael
authors.affiliation: State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro,Laboratory of Animal Science and Animal Nutrition,CEP,Campos dos Goytacazes,RJ,Brazil.
authors.forename: João Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Fosse Filho
authors.affiliation: State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro,Laboratory of Animal Science and Animal Nutrition,CEP,Campos dos Goytacazes,RJ,Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael Vieira
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: de Azevedo
authors.affiliation: State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro,Laboratory of Animal Science and Animal Nutrition,CEP,Campos dos Goytacazes,RJ,Brazil.
authors.forename: Douglas da Cruz
authors.initials: Dda C
authors.lastname: Mattos
authors.affiliation: State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro,Laboratory of Animal Science and Animal Nutrition,CEP,Campos dos Goytacazes,RJ,Brazil.
authors.forename: Manuel Vazquez
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Vidal Junior
mesh_terms: D058500:Animal Fins / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007814:Larva / Q000254:growth & development; D008297:Male; D010473:Perciformes / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D014867:Water
keywords: Feeding; Larvae; Ornamental fish; Survival; Water temperature