title: Modulation of in vitro rumen biohydrogenation by Cistus ladanifer tannins compared with other tannin sources.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tannins are polyphenolic compounds able to modify the ruminal biohydrogenation (BH) of unsaturated fatty acids, but their activity may vary among different tannin sources. The effect of rockrose (Cistus ladanifer) on BH has never been compared with other more common tannin sources. Tannin extracts (100 g kg-1substrate dry matter) from chestnut (CH), quebracho (QB), grape seed (GS) and rockrose (CL) were incubated in vitro for 6 h with ruminal fluid using as substrate a feed containing 60 g kg-1of sunflower oil. A control treatment with no added tannins was also included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the control, GS and CL, but not CH and QB, increased (P < 0.05) the disappearance of c9,c12-18:2 with a consequent larger production of c9,t11-18:2 and t11-18:1. However, no differences among treatments (P > 0.05) were observed for the disappearance of c9-18:1 and c9,c12,c15-18:3. The production of 18:0 was not different (P > 0.05) among treatments, although its proportion in the total BH products was lower (P < 0.05) for GS than for the other treatments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Condensed tannins from GS and, to a lesser extent, from CL stimulate the first steps of BH, without a clear inhibition of 18:0 production. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, P-1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, P-1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Susana P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, P-1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ângelo
authors.initials: Â
authors.lastname: Cabo
authors.affiliation: Centro de Biotecnologia Agrícola e Agro-Alimentar do Alentejo (CEBAL), Instituto Politécnico de Beja, P-7801-908, Beja, Portugal.
authors.forename: Olinda
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Guerreiro
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, P-1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stilwell
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, P-1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Dentinho
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, P-1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Rui Jb
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Bessa
mesh_terms: D027926:Anacardiaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D029758:Cistus / Q000737:chemistry*; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism*; D004063:Digestion; D029962:Fagaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D056604:Grape Seed Extract / Q000737:chemistry; D006865:Hydrogenation; D008954:Models, Biological; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000378:metabolism; D011174:Portugal; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D012417:Rumen / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D034561:Sheep, Domestic; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D013634:Tannins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D056604:Grape Seed Extract; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010938:Plant Oils; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D013634:Tannins
keywords: Cistus ladanifer; biohydrogenation; fatty acids; rumen; tannins