title: History repeats itself: the family medication history and pharmacogenomics.
abstract: Related to many drug gene-product interactions, application of pharmacogenomics can lead to improved medication efficacy while decreasing or avoiding adverse drug reactions. However, utilizing pharmacogenomics without other information does not allow for optimal medication therapy. Currently, there is a lack of documentation of family medication history, in other words, inefficacy and adverse reactions across family members throughout generations. The family medication history can serve as an impetus for pharmacogenomic testing to explain lack of medication efficacy or an adverse drug reaction and pre-emptive testing can drive recognition and documentation of medication response in family members. We propose combining the family medication history via pedigree construction with pharmacogenomics to further optimize medication therapy. We encourage clinicians to combine family medication history with pharmacogenomics.
authors.affiliation: Manchester University Pharmacy Program, College of Pharmacy, Natural & Health Sciences, Fort Wayne, IN 46845, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Genomic Strategy Consulting, San Mateo, CA 94401, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kearney
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Genetics, NorthShore Research Institute, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60201, USA.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Hulick
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manchester University Pharmacy Program, Manchester University Pharmacogenomics Program, College of Pharmacy, Natural & Health Sciences, Fort Wayne, IN 46845, USA.
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Kisor
mesh_terms: D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008487:Medical History Taking; D010375:Pedigree; D000071185:Pharmacogenomic Testing; D057285:Precision Medicine; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: adverse drug reactions; drug efficacy; family history; pedigree; personalized medicine; pharmacogenomics; precision medicine