title: -1195 A/G promoter variants of the cyclooxygenase-2 gene increases the risk of pain occurrence in endometriotic women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between -1195 A/G polymorphism in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene and the risk of pain occurrence in women with endometriosis (EM).
  
  
  METHODS
  -1195 A/G polymorphism in the promoter region of COX-2 gene was analyzed in 32 EM patients with pain, 28 EM patients without pain, and 29 healthy controls in a Chinese population using a PCR-RFLP assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AA homozygote carriers and A allelic frequencies for -1195 A/G polymorphism in COX-2 gene were significantly increased in EM patients compared with the healthy controls (p < 0.001). In addition, further subgroup analysis revealed that the AA genotype and A allele of the -1195 A/G variant were present at a significantly higher frequency in the severe pain group than those in the mild and moderate pain groups. Compared with the controls, the risk of developing EM was 2.86-fold higher in individuals with -1195 AA containing the haplotype, and the risk of developing pain was 2.33-fold higher in EM patients with -1195 AA containing the haplotype.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the -1195 A/G on the promoter region of COX-2 gene may increase the risk of pain occurrence in EM women, possibly by affecting the rate of gene expression, especially in patients with the pain phenotype.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D001681:Biological Assay; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human