title: A Silk Fibroin and Peptide Amphiphile-Based Co-Culture Model for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering.
abstract: New biomaterials with the properties of both bone and cartilage extracellular matrices (ECM) should be designed and used with co-culture systems to address clinically applicable osteochondral constructs. Herein, a co-culture model is described based on a trilayered silk fibroin-peptide amphiphile (PA) scaffold cultured with human articular chondrocytes (hACs) and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) in an osteochondral cocktail medium for the cartilage and bone sides, respectively. The presence of hACs in the co-cultures significantly increases the osteogenic differentiation potential of hBMSCs based on ALP activity, RT-PCR for osteogenic markers, calcium analyses, and histological stainings, whereas hACs produces a significant amount of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) for the cartilage region, even in the absence of growth factor TGF-β family in the co-culture medium. This trilayered scaffold with trophic effects offers a promising strategy for the study of osteochondral defects.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
authors.forename: Soner
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Çakmak
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.|Division of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.
authors.forename: Anıl S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Çakmak
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.affiliation: Division of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.|Division of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.|Department of Chemical Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.
authors.forename: Menemşe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gümüşderelioğlu
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D012831:Bombyx; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002356:Cartilage / Q000166:cytology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D018920:Coculture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D005349:Fibroins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D010455:Peptides; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D005349:Fibroins; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium
keywords: co-culture; osteochondral model; peptide amphiphile; silk; trophic effect