title: Determination of estrogenic activity in the river Chienti (Marche Region, Italy) by using in vivo and in vitro bioassays.
abstract: Environmental estrogen-like compounds (i.e. xenoestrogens) are a variety of pollutants, ranging from synthetic to natural occurring molecules, that are found in surface and waste waters over a wide range of concentrations. In aquatic environment, the overall estrogenic activity is often due to the presence of a mixture of chemicals and their degraded products which can induce synergistic effects. Current strategies for monitoring estrogen-like chemicals are based on the use of a battery of in vivo and in vitro ecotoxicological tests. In this regard, the aim of the present work was to carry out a bio-monitoring study for testing estrogenicity of the Chienti river (Marche Region, Italy) by using both an E-screen and a vitellogenin (Vtg) induction assay in juvenile goldfish. Three sites were used for analysis, localized at the mouth (sampling point 1), in the middle (sampling point 2) and at the origin (sampling point 3) of Chienti river. For most of the water samples (i.e. samples collected at sampling points 2 and 3), clear estrogenic activity was detected in the E-screen assay suggesting different proliferation activities in function of the collecting site. In contrast, the Vtg ELISA demonstrated that water samples collected from each sampling point were estrogenic. Overall, we showed for the first time that the estrogenic activities in water samples from the Chienti river were significant in both in vivo and in vitro; we also observed a different sensitivity between bioassays.
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, I-62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cocci
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, I-62032 Camerino, MC, Italy. Electronic address: francesco.palermo@unicam.it.
authors.forename: Francesco Alessandro
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Palermo
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, I-62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
authors.forename: Luana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Quassinti
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, I-62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bramucci
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, I-62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miano
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, I-62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
authors.forename: Gilberto
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mosconi
mesh_terms: D001681:Biological Assay; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000032:analysis*; D007558:Italy; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D014819:Vitellogenins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004967:Estrogens; D014819:Vitellogenins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Bioassays; Carassius auratus; Chienti river; E-screen; Vitellogenin; Xenoestrogens