title: Red paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) and its main carotenoids, capsanthin and β-carotene, prevent hydrogen peroxide-induced inhibition of gap-junction intercellular communication.
abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of red paprika extract (RPE) and its main carotenoids, namely, capsanthin (CST) and β-carotene (BCT), on the H2O2-induced inhibition of gap-junction intercellular communication (GJIC) in WB-F344 rat liver epithelial cells (WB cells). We found that pre-treatment with RPE, CST and BCT protected WB cells from H2O2-induced inhibition of GJIC. RPE, CST and BCT not only recovered connexin 43 (Cx43) mRNA expression but also prevented phosphorylation of Cx43 protein by H2O2 treatment. RPE attenuated the phosphorylation of ERK, p38 and JNK, whereas pre-treatment with CST and BCT only attenuated the phosphorylation of ERK and p38 and did not affect JNK in H2O2-treated WB cells. RPE, CST and BCT significantly suppressed the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in H2O2-treated cells compared to untreated WB cells. These results suggest that dietary intake of red paprika might be helpful for lowering the risk of diseases caused by oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition in Human Ecology, College of Natural Sciences, Korea National Open University, 86, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03078, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Woo-Moon
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Protected Horticulture Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Haman, 52054, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Han Cheol
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition in Human Ecology, College of Natural Sciences, Korea National Open University, 86, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03078, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: ksuna7@knou.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Suna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002212:Capsicum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D018031:Connexin 43 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017629:Gap Junctions / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000494:pharmacology; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018031:Connexin 43; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D024341:Xanthophylls; D019207:beta Carotene; C006889:capsanthin; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
keywords: Capsanthin; Connexin 43; Gap junctional intercellular communication; Reactive oxygen species; Red paprika; β-Carotene