title: Paraoxonase-1 arylesterase activity is an independent predictor of myeloperoxidase levels in overweight patients with or without cardiovascular complications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Myeloperoxidase (MPO), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) were shown to contribute to atherogenesis, while human paraoxonase-1 (PON1) protects against oxidative stress. Although several studies investigated these biomarkers, their associations have not been completely clarified yet. We aimed to investigate these parameters in overweight hyperlipidemic, lipid-lowering therapy-naive patients (n=167) with and without vascular complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  MPO, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels were measured by ELISA. PON1 activities were detected spectrophotometrically. PON1 phenotype was calculated by using a dual substrate method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with vascular complications (VC) had significantly higher MPO and TIMP-1 levels compared to those without (patients with no vascular complications; NVC) (728 (367.25-1177.90) mg/ml vs. 315.9 (176.05-687.40) mg/ml; p<0.001; and 172.7 (157.7-197.7) ng/ml vs. 152.6 (129.3-172.3) ng/ml; p<0.0001; respectively). MPO levels showed a significant negative correlation with PON1 arylesterase activity (whole patient group (W): r=0.42, p<0.0001; VC: r=0.44, p=0.01; NVC: r=0.39, p<0.0001) and positive correlations with MMP-9 (W: r=0.37, p<0.0001; VC: r=0.29, p=0.07; NVC: r=0.42, p<0.0001) and TIMP-1 (W: r=0.42, p<0.0001; VC: r=0.33, p<0.05; NVC: r=0.41, p<0.0001), respectively. PON1 arylesterase activity was found to be an independent predictor of MPO levels in the whole patient group (β=-0.350, p<0.0001) or when studied separately in the subgroups with or without cardiovascular complications (VC: β=-0.57, p<0.05; NVC: β=-0.33, p<0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that parallel investigation of MPO, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels and PON1 arylesterase activity may be a more accurate indicator of atherosclerosis, which may allow earlier treatment and therefore, improvement of treatment efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine, University of Debrecen Faculty of Medicine, Hungary.
authors.forename: Noémi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zsíros
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine, University of Debrecen Faculty of Medicine, Hungary.
authors.forename: Péter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Koncsos
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine, University of Debrecen Faculty of Medicine, Hungary.
authors.forename: Hajnalka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lőrincz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine, University of Debrecen Faculty of Medicine, Hungary.
authors.forename: Ildikó
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Seres
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine, University of Debrecen Faculty of Medicine, Hungary.
authors.forename: Mónika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Katkó
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine, University of Debrecen Faculty of Medicine, Hungary.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szentpéteri
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine, University of Debrecen Faculty of Medicine, Hungary.
authors.forename: Viktória E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Varga
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine, University of Debrecen Faculty of Medicine, Hungary.
authors.forename: Péter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fülöp
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine, University of Debrecen Faculty of Medicine, Hungary.
authors.forename: György
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paragh
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine, University of Debrecen Faculty of Medicine, Hungary. Electronic address: mharangi@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Mariann
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harangi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D050177:Overweight / Q000150:complications*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C560822:TIMP1 protein, human; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D009195:Peroxidase; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C468406:PON1 protein, human; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
keywords: Hyperlipidemia; MMP-9; Myeloperoxidase; Obesity; Paraoxonase-1; TIMP-1