title: Spatial-Temporal Variations of Water Quality and Its Relationship to Land Use and Land Cover in Beijing, China.
abstract: Rapid urbanization with intense land use and land cover (LULC) change and explosive population growth has a great impact on water quality. The relationship between LULC characteristics and water quality provides important information for non-point sources (NPS) pollution management. In this study, we first quantified the spatial-temporal patterns of five water quality variables in four watersheds with different levels of urbanization in Beijing, China. We then examined the effects of LULC on water quality across different scales, using Pearson correlation analysis, redundancy analysis, and multiple regressions. The results showed that water quality was improved over the sampled years but with no significant difference (p > 0.05). However, water quality was significantly different among nonurban and both exurban and urban sites (p < 0.05). Forest land was positively correlated with water quality and affected water quality significantly (p < 0.05) within a 200 m buffer zone. Impervious surfaces, water, and crop land were negatively correlated with water quality. Crop land and impervious surfaces, however, affected water quality significantly (p < 0.05) for buffer sizes greater than 800 m. Grass land had different effects on water quality with the scales. The results provide important insights into the relationship between LULC and water quality, and thus for controlling NPS pollution in urban areas.
authors.affiliation: State Key laboratory for Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.18 Shuangqing Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China. xiang8234@126.com.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Rd., Beijing 100049, China. xiang8234@126.com.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key laboratory for Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.18 Shuangqing Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China. wzhou@rcees.ac.cn.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Rd., Beijing 100049, China. wzhou@rcees.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Weiqi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Box AB, 2801 Sharon Turnpike, Millbrook, NY 12545, USA. picketts@caryinstitute.org.
authors.forename: Steward T A
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Pickett
authors.affiliation: State Key laboratory for Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.18 Shuangqing Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China. li.wf@rcees.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Weifeng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key laboratory for Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.18 Shuangqing Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China. ljhan@rcees.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Lijian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000068476:Beijing; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D011158:Population Growth; D062211:Spatio-Temporal Analysis; D014507:Urbanization; D060753:Water Quality; D014881:Water Supply
keywords: Beijing; land use and land cover; non-point source pollution; scale; water quality