title: Analysis of random PCR-originated mutants of the yeast Ste2 and Ste3 receptors.
abstract: The G protein-coupled receptors Ste2 and Ste3 bind α- and a-factor, respectively, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These receptors share a similar conformation, with seven transmembrane segments, three intracellular loops, a C-terminus tail, and three extracellular loops. However, the amino acid sequences of these two receptors bear no resemblance to each other. Coincidently the two ligands, α- and a-factor, have different sequences. Both receptors activate the same G protein. To identify amino acid residues that are important for signal transduction, the STE2 and STE3 genes were mutagenized by a random PCR-based method. Mutant receptors were analyzed in MATα cells mutated in the ITC1 gene, whose product represses transcription of a-specific genes in MATα. Expression of STE2 or STE3 in these cells results in autocrine activation of the mating pathway, since this strain produces the Ste2 receptor in addition to its specific ligand, α-factor. It also produces a-factor in addition to its specific receptor, Ste3. Therefore, this strain provides a convenient model to analyze mutants of both receptors in the same background. Many hyperactive mutations were found in STE3, whereas none was detected in STE2. This result is consistent with the different strategies that the two genes have adopted to be expressed.
authors.affiliation: CNR, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), Monterotondo (Rome), 00015, Italy.
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gastaldi
authors.affiliation: CNR, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), Monterotondo (Rome), 00015, Italy.
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zamboni
authors.affiliation: EMBL, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Monterotondo (Rome), 00015, Italy.
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bolasco
authors.affiliation: CNR, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), Monterotondo (Rome), 00015, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Segni
authors.affiliation: CNR, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), Monterotondo (Rome), 00015, Italy.
authors.forename: Glauco P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Tocchini-Valentini
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D000072235:Mating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051964:Receptors, Mating Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C096063:MATA1 protein, S cerevisiae; D051964:Receptors, Mating Factor; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C498031:STE2 protein, S cerevisiae; C081863:STE3 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C000606786:alpha-factor (Saccharomyces cerevisiae); D000072235:Mating Factor
keywords: G protein-coupled receptors; hyperactive mutations; mating response; signal transduction