title: Trainers' Attitudes towards Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Current Care Guidelines, and Training.
abstract: Objectives. Studies have shown that healthcare personnel hesitate to perform defibrillation due to individual or organisational attitudes. We aimed to assess trainers' attitudes towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation (CPR-D), Current Care Guidelines, and associated training. Methods. A questionnaire was distributed to CPR trainers attending seminars in Finland (N = 185) focusing on the updated national Current Care Guidelines 2011. The questions were answered using Likert scale (1 = totally disagree, 7 = totally agree). Factor loading of the questionnaire was made using maximum likelihood analysis and varimax rotation. Seven scales were constructed (Hesitation, Nurse's Role, Nontechnical Skill, Usefulness, Restrictions, Personal, and Organisation). Cronbach's alphas were 0.92-0.51. Statistics were Student's t-test, ANOVA, stepwise regression analysis, and Pearson Correlation. Results. The questionnaire was returned by 124/185, 67% CPR trainers, of whom two-thirds felt that their undergraduate training in CPR-D had not been adequate. Satisfaction with undergraduate defibrillation training correlated with the Nontechnical Skills scale (p < 0.01). Participants scoring high on Hesitation scale (p < 0.01) were less confident about their Nurse's Role (p < 0.01) and Nontechnical Skills (p < 0.01). Conclusion. Quality of undergraduate education affects the work of CPR trainers and some feel uncertain of defibrillation. The train-the-trainers courses and undergraduate medical education should focus more on practical scenarios with defibrillators and nontechnical skills.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, HUS, Stenbäckinkatu 9, 00029 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Clinical Science and Education and Section of Emergency Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Solnavägen 1, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mäkinen
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science and Education and Section of Emergency Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Solnavägen 1, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Emergency Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, HUS, Stenbäckinkatu 9, 00029 Helsinki, Finland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 6300014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castrén
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, HUS, Stenbäckinkatu 9, 00029 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nurmi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, HUS, Stenbäckinkatu 9, 00029 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Clinical Science and Education and Section of Emergency Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Solnavägen 1, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Niemi-Murola