title: Cutaneous mucormycosis secondary to penetrative trauma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mucormycosis is a rare but serious sequelae of penetrating trauma [1-5]. In spite of aggressive management, mortality remains high due to dissemination of infection. We completed a review of literature to determine the most optimal treatment of cutaneous mucormycosis which occurs secondary to penetrating trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  We completed a review regarding the management of mucormycosis in trauma patients. We selected a total of 36 reports, of which 18 were case-based, for review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Surgical debridement is a primary predictor of improved outcomes in the treatment of mucormycosis [3,6,7]. Anti-fungal therapy, especially lipid soluble formulation of Amphotericin B, is helpful as an adjunct or when surgical debridement has been maximally achieved. Further research is needed to fully evaluate the impact of topical dressings; negative pressure wound therapy is helpful.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An aggressive and early surgical approach, even at the expense of disfigurement, is necessary to reduce mortality in the setting of cutaneous mucormycosis that results from penetrating trauma [4,8,9]. Anti-fungal therapy and negative pressure wound therapy are formidable adjuncts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD AU 4005, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD AU 4005, Australia; School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA. Electronic address: bilal.zahoor@uqconnect.edu.au.
authors.forename: Bilal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zahoor
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD AU 4005, Australia.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kent
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD AU 4005, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD AU 4005, Australia.
authors.forename: Daryl
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wall
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001315:Australia; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003646:Debridement / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D009091:Mucormycosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D054843:Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000666:Amphotericin B
keywords: Diagnosis; Management; Mucormycosis; Trauma; Treatment