title: Relationship Between Orthodontics and Temporomandibular Disorders: A Prospective Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the possible relationship between the orthodontic treatment of Class II malocclusion and the development of temporomandibular disorders (TMD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 40 patients was evaluated at four time points: the day before the start of treatment employing bilateral Class II elastics (baseline), as well as at 24 hours, 1 week, and 1 month after the start of treatment. The development of TMD pain complaints in the orofacial region and changes in the range of mouth opening were assessed at these times. Shapiro-Wilk, McNemar, and Friedman tests with 5% significance level were used to analyze the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The treatment produced pain of a transitory, moderate intensity, but there was no significant change from baseline after 1 month. There were no restrictions in the range of jaw motion or any evidence of limitations in mouth opening.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Orthodontic treatment with bilateral Class II elastics does not cause significant orofacial pain or undesirable changes in the range of mouth opening. Furthermore, this modality of orthodontic treatment was not responsible for inducing TMD.
authors.forename: Ana Carolina Bannwart
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Antunes Ortega
authors.forename: Daniel Humberto
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Pozza
authors.forename: Luciane Lacerda Franco
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Rocha Rodrigues
authors.forename: Antônio Sergio
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Guimarães
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006261:Headache / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000502:physiology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult