title: LC-MS Method for Studying the Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of Clonidine Hydrochloride in Healthy Male Volunteers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A simple and sensitive high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry method has been evaluated for the assignment of clonidine hydrochloride in human plasma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mobile phase composed of acetonitrile-water 60:40 (v/v) and 0.2% formic acid 20 μl of sample was chromatographically analyzed using a repacked ZORBAX-XDB-ODS C18 column (2.1 mm×30 mm, 3.5 μ). Detection of analytes was achieved by tandem mass spectrometry with Electrospray Ionization (ESI) interface in positive ion mode operated under the multiple-reaction monitoring mode (m/z 230.0 →213). Sample pretreatment consisted of a one-step Protein Precipitation (PPT) with methanol and perchloric acid (HClO4) of 0.10 ml plasma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Standard curve was linear (r=0.998) over the concentration range of 0.01-10.0 ng/ml and showed suitable accuracy and precision. The Limit of Quantification (LOQ) was 0.01 ng/ml. The mean (SD) Cmax, Tmax, AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ values after administration of the test and reference formulations, respectively, were in this manner: 6.16 (0.32) versus 6.21 (0.07) ng/ml, 30.12 (0.86) versus 30.13 (0.73) hr, 290.37 (1.13) versus 293.39 (1.22) ng/ml/hr, and 350.17 (1.98) versus 352.96 (1.67) ng/ml/hr. The mean (SD) t1/2 was 120.12 (1.90) hr for the test formulation and 120.96 (1.54) hr for the reference formulation. No statistical differences were showed for Cmax and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve for test and reference tablets.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The method is rapid, simple, very steady and precise for the separation, assignment, pharmacokinetic and bioavailability evaluation of clonidine in healthy Iranian adult male volunteers.
authors.affiliation: Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Danafar
authors.affiliation: Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehrdad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamidi
keywords: Clonidine hydrochloride; High performance liquid chromatography; Pharmacokinetics