title: Nuclear Accumulation of Heat-shock Protein 90 Is Associated with Poor Survival and Metastasis in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a molecular chaperone that stabilizes many client proteins in normal and cancer cells, and approximately 3% of intracellular HSP90 is located in the nucleus. HSP90 is also targeted for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to elucidate the clinical role of nuclear HSP90 levels in tissues from patients with NSCLC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nuclear and total HSP90 levels were assessed using immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariate logistic regression showed that the total HSP90 level was independently positively associated with age (p=0.041) and tumor histology of squamous type (p=0.007). By contrast, nuclear HSP90 level was independently positively associated with higher performance score (p=0.011), ever-smoking history (p=0.006) and presence of lymph node (p=0.036) or distant (p<0.001) metastasis, but not age or tumor histology. The level of nuclear HSP90, but not total HSP90, was negatively correlated with patient survival time (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nuclear accumulation of HSP90 might be a predictor of metastasis and survival in patients with NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Jang-Ming
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Ya-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Pinpin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Department of Pathology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. changhan@mail.cmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins
keywords: Heat-shock protein 90; metastasis; non-small cell lung cancer; survival