title: Renal stone in crossed fused renal ectopia and its laparoscopic management: Case report and review of literature.
abstract: Management of renal stone in crossed fused renal ectopia (CFRE) is difficult because of abnormal location, malrotation, and its relations with vertebral column and small bowel. Management is not standardized because of the paucity of literature and variable anatomy. We managed an 8-year-old boy with multiple renal stones in right side crossed kidney by laparoscopic pyelolithotomy and nephro pyeloscopy with the help of ureteroscope. Until now, there is only one prior report of laparoscopic pyelolithotomy in CFRE. We share our experience in this case and review the literature regarding the management of kidney stones in this rare anomaly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Santosh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Saurabh Sudhir
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chipde
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Jaisukh
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kalathia
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Rajeev
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Agrawal
keywords: Crossed fused renal ectopia; laparoscopy; pyelolithotomy; renal stone