title: White blood cell counts and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in the diagnosis of testicular cancer: a simple secondary serum tumor marker.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to investigate white blood cell counts and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as markers of systemic inflammation in the diagnosis of localized testicular cancer as a malignancy with initially low volume.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six patients with localized testicular cancer with a mean age of 34.22±14.89 years and 36 healthy controls with a mean age of 26.67±2.89 years were enrolled in the study. White blood cell counts and NLR were calculated from complete blood cell counts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  White blood cell counts and NLR were statistically significantly higher in patients with testicular cancer compared with the control group (p<0.0001 for all).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both white blood cell counts and NLR can be used as a simple test in the diagnosis of testicular cancer besides the well-known accurate serum tumor markers as AFP (alpha fetoprotein), hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) and LDH (lactate dehydrogenase).
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research & Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozgur Haki
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Yuksel
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research & Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayhan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verit
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research & Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aytac
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research & Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urkmez
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Research & Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Uruc
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008214:Lymphocytes; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D009504:Neutrophils; D011379:Prognosis; D012372:ROC Curve; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D047368:Tumor Burden; D014646:Varicocele / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D006454:Hemoglobins