title: Upconversion Nanoparticles and Monodispersed Magnetic Polystyrene Microsphere Based Fluorescence Immunoassay for the Detection of Sulfaquinoxaline in Animal-Derived Foods.
abstract: A novel fluorescence immunoassay for detecting sulfaquinoxaline (SQX) in animal-derived foods was developed using NaYF4:Yb/Tm upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) conjugated with antibodies as fluorescence signal probes, and monodisperse magnetic polystyrene microspheres (MMPMs) modified with coating antigen as immune-sensing capture probes for trapping and separating the signal probes. Based on a competitive immunoassay format, the detection limit of the proposed method for detecting SQX was 0.1 μg L(-1) in buffer and 0.5 μg kg(-1) in food samples. The recoveries of SQX in spiked samples ranged from 69.80 to 133.00%, with coefficients of variation of 0.24-25.06%. The extraction procedure was fast, simple, and environmentally friendly, requiring no organic solvents. In particular, milk samples can be analyzed directly after simple dilution. This method has appealing properties, such as sensitive fluorescence response, a simple and fast extraction procedure, and environmental friendliness, and could be applied to detecting SQX in animal-derived foods.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin 300457, China.
authors.forename: Gaoshuang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin 300457, China.|Tianjin Food Safety & Low Carbon Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center , Tianjin 300457, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin 300457, China.|Tianjin Food Safety & Low Carbon Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center , Tianjin 300457, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin 300457, China.|Tianjin Food Safety & Low Carbon Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center , Tianjin 300457, China.
authors.forename: Junping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin 300457, China.
authors.forename: Xuening
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin 300457, China.|Tianjin Food Safety & Low Carbon Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center , Tianjin 300457, China.
authors.forename: Shuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique / Q000379:methods*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008280:Magnetics; D008461:Meat Products / Q000032:analysis*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008863:Microspheres; D053758:Nanoparticles; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013428:Sulfaquinoxaline / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D011137:Polystyrenes; D013428:Sulfaquinoxaline
keywords: MMPMs; SQX; UCNPs; animal-derived foods; fluorescence immunoassay