title: Drug Use and Multiple Sex Partners Among Homeless Ex-Offenders: Secondary Findings From an Experimental Study.
abstract: Transitioning into society after release from incarceration presents real challenges for male offenders; in California, up to 60% return to prison within 3 years after release. The risk for ongoing drug use and having sex with multiple partners is a significant challenge for ex-offenders preparing to enter the community.
  
  
  
  The aims are to describe drug use and sexual behavior (sex with multiple partners) prior to incarceration and 6 and 12 months after study enrollment using data obtained as part of a randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  
  This is a planned secondary analysis of data obtained as part of a randomized controlled trial designed to study the effects of intensive peer coaching and nurse case management, intensive peer coaching, and brief nurse counseling on hepatitis A and B vaccination adherence compared to a usual care control treatment that also included brief peer coaching and brief nurse counseling. Self-report data from subjects enrolled at one residential drug treatment facility in Los Angeles were captured at three time points: baseline and 6- and 12-month follow-up.
  
  
  
  Findings showed substantive and significant reductions in drug use and engaging in sex with multiple partners 6 months after enrollment into the study compared to the baseline data, but results did not differ by study condition. At 12-month follow-up, drug use and sex with multiple partners increased but remained less than at baseline levels.
  
  
  
  Sustaining reductions in drug use and engaging in sex with multiple partners remains a challenge after incarceration.
authors.affiliation: Adeline M. Nyamathi, ANP, PhD, FAAN, is Distinguished Professor, School of Nursing, University of California at Los Angeles. Sheldon X. Zhang, PhD, is Research Sociologist, San Diego State University, California. Sarah Wall, is Bachelor of Science Nursing Undergraduate Student, School of Nursing, University of California at Los Angeles. Elizabeth A. Hall, PhD, is Professor, University of California at Los Angeles Integrated Substance Abuse Programs. Benissa E. Salem, PhD, RN, MSN, is Assistant Adjunct Professor, School of Nursing, University of California at Los Angeles. David Farabee, PhD, is Professor, University of California at Los Angeles Integrated Substance Abuse Programs. Mark Faucette, RAS, CAS, is Director, Amity Foundation, Los Angeles, California. Kartik Yadav, MSCR, BSc(H), is Research Project Director, School of Nursing, University of California at Los Angeles.
authors.forename: Adeline M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Nyamathi
authors.forename: Sheldon X
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wall
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Benissa E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Salem
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Farabee
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Faucette
authors.forename: Kartik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yadav
mesh_terms: D002140:California; D057237:Criminals / Q000523:psychology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015438:Health Behavior; D006703:Ill-Housed Persons / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D008297:Male; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D012747:Sexual Partners
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs