title: Central Administration of Galanin Receptor 1 Agonist Boosted Insulin Sensitivity in Adipose Cells of Diabetic Rats.
abstract: Our previous studies testified the beneficial effect of central galanin on insulin sensitivity of type 2 diabetic rats. The aim of the study was further to investigate whether central M617, a galanin receptor 1 agonist, can benefit insulin sensitivity. The effects of intracerebroventricular administration of M617 on insulin sensitivity and insulin signaling were evaluated in adipose tissues of type 2 diabetic rats. The results showed that central injection of M617 significantly increased plasma adiponectin contents, glucose infusion rates in hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp tests, GLUT4 mRNA expression levels, GLUT4 contents in plasma membranes, and total cell membranes of the adipose cells but reduced the plasma C-reactive protein concentration in nondiabetic and diabetic rats. The ratios of GLUT4 contents were higher in plasma membranes to total cell membranes in both nondiabetic and diabetic M617 groups than each control. In addition, the central administration of M617 enhanced the ratios of pAkt/Akt and pAS160/AS160, but not phosphorylative cAMP response element-binding protein (pCREB)/CREB in the adipose cells of nondiabetic and diabetic rats. These results suggest that excitation of central galanin receptor 1 facilitates insulin sensitivity via activation of the Akt/AS160 signaling pathway in the fat cells of type 2 diabetic rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China.
authors.forename: Zhenwen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Hanlin, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, China; Key Laboratory of Gerontology, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China.
authors.forename: Penghua
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Gerontology, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China.
authors.forename: Biao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Gerontology, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurochemistry, Arrhenius Laboratories for Natural Sciences Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Runesson
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurochemistry, Arrhenius Laboratories for Natural Sciences Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ülo
authors.initials: Ü
authors.lastname: Langel
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Gerontology, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China.
authors.forename: Mingyi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China; Key Laboratory of Gerontology, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bo
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019004:Galanin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D044091:Receptor, Galanin, Type 1 / Q000819:agonists* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; C499920:Adipoq protein, rat; D015415:Biomarkers; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; C000614145:M617 peptide; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D044091:Receptor, Galanin, Type 1; C495694:Slc2a4 protein, rat; C533101:TBC1D4 protein, rat; D019004:Galanin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D001920:Bradykinin