title: Liposomal butamben gel formulations: toxicity assays and topical anesthesia in an animal model.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity and the in vivo analgesic effect and local toxicity of the local anesthetic butamben (BTB) encapsulated in conventional or elastic liposomes incorporated in gel formulations. The results showed that both gel formulations of liposomal BTB reduced the cytotoxicity (p < 0.001; one-way ANOVA/Tukey's test) and increased the topical analgesic effect (p < 0.05; one-way ANOVA/Tukey's test) of butamben, compared to plain BTB gel. The gel formulations presented good rheological properties, and stability assays detected no differences in physicochemical stability up to 30 d after preparation. Moreover, histological assessment revealed no morphological changes in rat skin after application of any of the gel formulations tested.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology , Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas , Campinas, São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Cintia Maria Saia
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cereda
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology , Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas , Campinas, São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Viviane Aparecida
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Guilherme
authors.affiliation: b Department of Physical Chemistry , Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas , Campinas, São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Melissa Inger
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Alkschbirs
authors.affiliation: c Department of Molecular Biology , São Leopoldo Mandic Dental Research Institute , Campinas, São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Rui Barbosa
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: de Brito Junior
authors.affiliation: c Department of Molecular Biology , São Leopoldo Mandic Dental Research Institute , Campinas, São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Giovana Radomille
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Tofoli
authors.affiliation: d Department of Physiological Sciences , Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas , Piracicaba, São Paulo , Brazil , and.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Franz-Montan
authors.affiliation: e Federal University of ABC, Human and Natural Sciences Center , Santo André, São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniele Ribeiro
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: de Araujo
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology , Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas , Campinas, São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Eneida
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Paula
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D001566:Benzocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005782:Gels / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D008081:Liposomes; C004605:butamben; D001566:Benzocaine
keywords: Butamben; liposomes; local anesthetics; topical anesthesia