title: Is nurse managers' leadership style related to Japanese staff nurses' affective commitment to their hospital?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if nurse managers' leadership style is related to Japanese staff nurses' affective commitment to their hospital.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  In Western countries, nurse managers' transformational leadership style has been found to increase staff nurses' affective commitment to their hospital. However, there are few studies examining this relationship in the context of acute care hospitals in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Staff nurses completed measures of their nurse managers' perceived leadership style and factors related to their own affective commitment. The association between affective commitment and perception of leadership style was assessed with multiple logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 736 questionnaires distributed, 579 (78.9%) were returned, and data from 396 (53.8%) fully completed questionnaires were analysed. The intellectual stimulation aspect of transformational leadership positively increased staff nurses' affective commitment (odds ratio: 2.23). Nurse managers' transactional and laissez-faire leadership styles were not related to affective commitment among staff nurses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The intellectual stimulation aspect of transformational leadership may increase the retention of staff nurses through enhanced affective commitment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To increase staff nurses' affective commitment to their hospital, we suggest that hospital administrators equip nurse managers with intellectual stimulation skills.
authors.affiliation: Department of System Management in Nursing, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. kodama.y.kanr@tmd.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshimi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.affiliation: Department of System Management in Nursing, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukahori
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Nursing, Miyagi University, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Kana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Japanese Red Cross College of Nursing, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishida
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D007857:Leadership; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009718:Nurse Administrators / Q000523:psychology / Q000592:standards*; D009938:Organizations / Q000592:standards; D010558:Personnel Loyalty; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: affective commitment; leadership; nurse manager; transactional leadership; transformational leadership