title: New energy-transfer upconversion process in Er3+:ZBLAN mid-infrared fiber lasers.
abstract: We report a new energy-transfer process in erbium doped ZBLAN glass, which is critical for optimizing the operation of lasers that use the 3.5 μm band4F9/2to4I9/2transition. The magnitude of this energy-transfer process is measured for two different doping levels in Er3+:ZBLAN and the requirement for low doping in these lasers established.
authors.forename: Ori
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Henderson-Sapir
authors.forename: Jesper
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Munch
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Ottaway