title: Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Its Bone Marrow Niche.
abstract: Stem cells do not thrive without their niche. The bone marrow microenvironment is where hematopoietic stem cells maintain their cell state while receiving physiological input to modify their activity in response to changing physiological demands. The complexity of the bone marrow microenvironment is being unraveled and indicates that multiple different cell types contribute to the regulation of stem and progenitor cells. Further, it is becoming evident that the bone marrow represents a composite of niches with different components and different functional roles in hematopoiesis. It is now evident that alterations in specific stromal cells that comprise the bone marrow microenvironment can contribute to hematologic pathology. In this chapter, we will review the history of the niche concept, evolving information about its components and how niche dysfunction may contribute to disease.
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States; Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States.
authors.forename: V W C
authors.initials: VW
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States; Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States. Electronic address: david_scadden@harvard.edu.
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Scadden
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow; D019070:Cell Lineage; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000502:physiology; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D055153:Stem Cell Niche; D017154:Stromal Cells; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000166:cytology
keywords: Bone marrow; Cytokine; Engraftment; Extracellular matrix protein; Hematopoietic stem cell; Mesenchymal stem cell; Microenvironment; Mobilization; Niche; Osteolineage cells; Perivascular cell; Reconstitution; Stroma; Transgenic mouse model; Transplantation