title: Wheat straw biochar amendments on the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in contaminated soil.
abstract: Soil amendments of wheat straw biochar (BC), lignocellulosic substrate (LS), BC+LS, and BC+LS+BR (surfactant Brij30) were investigated for the first time in order to remedy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)-polluted soil using pilot scale microcosm incubation. We hypothesized that the removal of PAHs could be inhibited due to the adsorption and immobilization of biochar and the inhibition depends on the molecular-weight of PAHs. The removal rates of phenanthrene (PHE) and Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) ranked as C=BC>LS=LS+BC=LS+BC+BR and C=BC=LS+BC+BR>LS=LS+BC. Wheat straw biochar inhibited the removal of PHE and accelerated BaP removal. The activity of Dehydrogenase (DH) was depressed by the addition of the biochar while the activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) was stimulated. Lignocellulose and surfactant are favourable to sustain soil microbiological activity and the removal of PAHs although the diversity of bacterial community was not significantly changed. The findings implied that the components of PAHs are necessary to consider when the amendments are implemented by associated biochar in PAH-polluted soil.
authors.affiliation: School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Ecological Carbon Sink and Capture Utilization, Jinan 250022, China.
authors.forename: Yanan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Ecological Carbon Sink and Capture Utilization, Jinan 250022, China.
authors.forename: Baoshan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Ecological Carbon Sink and Capture Utilization, Jinan 250022, China.
authors.forename: Ziheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Ecological Carbon Sink and Capture Utilization, Jinan 250022, China. Electronic address: hwang_118@163.com.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Ecological Carbon Sink and Capture Utilization, Jinan 250022, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Ecological Carbon Sink and Capture Utilization, Jinan 250022, China.
authors.forename: Xuemei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D001419:Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology*; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D004156:Catechol Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D002606:Charcoal; D004787:Environmental Pollution; D008031:Lignin; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014908:Triticum
chemical_list: D010616:Phenanthrenes; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C540010:biochar; C036909:lignocellulose; D002606:Charcoal; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; C031181:phenanthrene; D008031:Lignin; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D004156:Catechol Oxidase
keywords: Amendment; Lignocellulosic substrate; PAHs; Surfactant; Wheat straw biochar