title: Global Emergency Medicine: A Review of the Literature From 2015.
abstract: The Global Emergency Medicine Literature Review (GEMLR) conducts an annual search of peer-reviewed and gray literature relevant to global emergency medicine (EM) to identify, review, and disseminate the most important new research in this field to a global audience of academics and clinical practitioners.
  
  
  
  This year 12,435 articles written in six languages were identified by our search. These articles were distributed among 20 reviewers for initial screening based on their relevance to the field of global EM. An additional two reviewers searched the gray literature. A total of 723 articles were deemed appropriate by at least one reviewer and approved by their editor for formal scoring of overall quality and importance. Two independent reviewers scored all articles.
  
  
  
  A total of 723 articles met our predetermined inclusion criteria and underwent full review. Sixty percent were categorized as emergency care in resource-limited settings (ECRLS), 17% as EM development (EMD), and 23% as disaster and humanitarian response (DHR). Twenty-four articles received scores of 18.5 or higher out of a maximum score 20 and were selected for formal summary and critique. Inter-rater reliability between reviewers gave an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.71 (95% confidence interval = 0.66 to 0.75). Studies and reviews with a focus on infectious diseases, trauma, and the diagnosis and treatment of diseases common in resource-limited settings represented the majority of articles selected for final review.
  
  
  
  In 2015, there were almost twice as many articles found by our search compared to the 2014 review. The number of EMD articles increased, while the number ECRLS articles decreased. The number of DHR articles remained stable. As in prior years, the majority of articles focused on infectious diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA. tbeckermd@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Torben K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Bhakti
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hansoti
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.|Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Cambridge, MA.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bartels
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bisanzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, and Boston University Center for Global Health and Development, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Gabrielle A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Jacquet
authors.affiliation: Medical Corps, US Navy, Department of Emergency Medicine, Navy Hospital Camp Lejeune, Camp Lejeune, NC.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lunney
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.|Partners In Health, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Regan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marsh
authors.affiliation: Accident & Emergency Department, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
authors.forename: Maxwell
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osei-Ampofo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO.|Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi.
authors.forename: Indi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Trehan
authors.affiliation: Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI.
authors.forename: Adam C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004635:Emergency Medicine; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D033181:Information Dissemination; D017712:Peer Review, Research; D010506:Periodicals as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*