title: Ice-Binding Proteins and Their Function.
abstract: Ice-binding proteins (IBPs) are a diverse class of proteins that assist organism survival in the presence of ice in cold climates. They have different origins in many organisms, including bacteria, fungi, algae, diatoms, plants, insects, and fish. This review covers the gamut of IBP structures and functions and the common features they use to bind ice. We discuss mechanisms by which IBPs adsorb to ice and interfere with its growth, evidence for their irreversible association with ice, and methods for enhancing the activity of IBPs. The applications of IBPs in the food industry, in cryopreservation, and in other technologies are vast, and we chart out some possibilities.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; email: maya.bar1@mail.huji.ac.il , ido.braslavsky@mail.huji.ac.il.
authors.forename: Maya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bar Dolev
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; email: maya.bar1@mail.huji.ac.il , ido.braslavsky@mail.huji.ac.il.
authors.forename: Ido
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Braslavsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada; email: daviesp@queensu.ca.
authors.forename: Peter L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Davies
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D021301:Antifreeze Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003080:Cold Temperature; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D061353:Food Storage / Q000379:methods; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007053:Ice / Q000032:analysis*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D000072417:Protein Domains; D015202:Protein Engineering; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D015003:Yeasts / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D021301:Antifreeze Proteins; D007053:Ice
keywords: anchored clathrate waters; antifreeze proteins; ice-binding site; ice-structuring proteins; thermal hysteresis