title: Vacuolar Sorting Receptor-Mediated Trafficking of Soluble Vacuolar Proteins in Plant Cells.
abstract: Vacuoles are one of the most prominent organelles in plant cells, and they play various important roles, such as degradation of waste materials, storage of ions and metabolites, and maintaining turgor. During the past two decades, numerous advances have been made in understanding how proteins are specifically delivered to the vacuole. One of the most crucial steps in this process is specific sorting of soluble vacuolar proteins. Vacuolar sorting receptors (VSRs), which are type I membrane proteins, are involved in the sorting and packaging of soluble vacuolar proteins into transport vesicles with the help of various accessory proteins. To date, large amounts of data have led to the development of two different models describing VSR-mediated vacuolar trafficking that are radically different in multiple ways, particularly regarding the location of cargo binding to, and release from, the VSR and the types of carriers utilized. In this review, we summarize current literature aimed at elucidating VSR-mediated vacuolar trafficking and compare the two models with respect to the sorting signals of vacuolar proteins, as well as the molecular machinery involved in VSR-mediated vacuolar trafficking and its action mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyangju
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea. ihhwang@postech.ac.kr.|Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea. ihhwang@postech.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Inhwan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hwang
keywords: molecular machinery; protein trafficking to vacuoles; soluble vacuolar proteins; sorting signals; vacuolar sorting receptors