title: Cardioprotective effect of Salvianolic acid B on acute myocardial infarction by promoting autophagy and neovascularization and inhibiting apoptosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the cardioprotective effect of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats and its potential mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  The AMI model was established in rats to study the effect of Sal B on AMI. Haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to evaluate the pathological change in AMI rats. Immunofluorescence and TUNEL staining were used to detect autophagy and apoptosis of myocardial cells in hearts of AMI rats, respectively. Protein expression of apoptosis-related, autophagy-related and angiogenesis-related proteins were examined by Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sal B attenuated myocardial infarction significantly compared with that of the model group. Rats administered with Sal B showed higher inhibition rate of infarction and lower infarct size than those of the model group. Moreover, Sal B decreased the serum levels of creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and malondialdehyde, while increased such level of superoxide dismutase significantly compared with those of the model group. Sal B inhibited the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved PARP, while promoted the expression of Bcl-2, LC3-II, Beclin1 and VEGF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sal B has cardioprotective effect on AMI and Sal B may be a promising candidate for AMI treatment.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Zhaoguo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Yayun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Meiyu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuai
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Shuaijun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Lizhen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Preclinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.|Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Qichun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.|Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacolgy and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Huimin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bian
mesh_terms: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects*; D000071186:Beclin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000096:biosynthesis; D053630:Depsides
chemical_list: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D000071186:Beclin-1; D001572:Benzofurans; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C512829:Becn1 protein, rat; C526109:Anxa3 protein, rat; C467498:vascular endothelial growth factor A, rat; C076944:salvianolic acid B; D053630:Depsides
keywords: Salvianolic acid B; acute myocardial infarction; apoptosis; autophagy; neovascularization