title: Nitrogen removal from wastewater and external waste activated sludge reutilization/reduction by simultaneous sludge fermentation, denitrification and anammox (SFDA).
abstract: This work demonstrates the feasibility of simultaneous nitrogen removal and external waste activated sludge (WAS) reutilization/reduction by using the synergy of sludge fermentation, denitrification and anammox processes in up-flow reactors (SFDA). Pre-treated domestic wastewater and synthetic wastewater (containing nitrite ∼20mg/L, ammonium ∼10mg/L in both) were fed to 1# and 2# SFDA, respectively. Long-term operation of 1# SFDA was investigated with achieving the peak ammonium removal rate of 0.021 and nitrite removal rate of 0.081kgN/(m(3)d) as nitrogen loading rate elevated from 0.075 to 0.106kgN/(m(3)d). Negative effect of dissolved oxygen on anammox or fermentation in the 2# SFDA was demonstrated negligible due to rapid depletion by microorganisms. Furthermore, a "net" sludge reduction of 38.8% was obtained due to sludge decay and organics consumption by denitrification. The SFDA process was expected to potentially be used for nitrogen removal and WAS reutilization/reduction in full-scale application.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China. Electronic address: pyz@bjut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yongzhen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
authors.forename: Mengyue
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
authors.forename: Shuying
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D064751:Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology; D058440:Denitrification; D005285:Fermentation; D052836:Heterotrophic Processes; D009573:Nitrites / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012722:Sewage; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D009573:Nitrites; D009584:Nitrogen; D010100:Oxygen; D012722:Sewage; D062065:Wastewater
keywords: Anammox; Denitrification; Fermentation; Nitrogen removal; Sludge reduction