title: Pure Erythroid Leukemia and Erythroblastic Sarcoma Evolving From Chronic Myeloid Neoplasms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pure erythroid leukemia (PEL) is an extremely rare entity that may, even more rarely, evolve from a preexisting chronic myeloid neoplasm (CMN); there is minimal literature regarding this latter phenomenon.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe 14 patients with PEL that represented progression from a preexisting myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS, n = 8) or myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN, n = 6), three of which manifested as erythroblastic sarcoma (EBS), a rare entity. These patients had a highly complex karyotype with prominent clonal evolution and a very aggressive clinical course.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with PEL from MDS showed a more rapid progression time to PEL and had lower platelet counts compared with PEL from MPN. No other significant differences were found between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data represent the largest cohort of patients with PEL and an antecedent CMN, as well as the largest series of EBS reported to date, and underscore the unique morphologic, cytogenetic, immunophenotypic, and clinical features of this uncommon entity.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
authors.forename: Hongmei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Hasserjian
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
authors.forename: Steven H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kroft
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
authors.forename: Alexandra M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Harrington
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Allina Health, Minneapolis, MN.
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Wheaton
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, Dallas.
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pildain
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Ewalt
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
authors.forename: Dita
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gratzinger
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hosking
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee holteanu@mcw.edu.
authors.forename: Horatiu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Olteanu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D004915:Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009196:Myeloproliferative Disorders / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Erythroblastic sarcoma; Myelodysplastic syndrome; Myeloproliferative neoplasm; Pure erythroid leukemia