title: Poplar-Root Knot Nematode Interaction: A Model for Perennial Woody Species.
abstract: Plant root-knot nematode (RKN) interaction studies are performed on several host plant models. Though RKN interact with trees, no perennial woody model has been explored so far. Here, we show that poplar (Populus tremula × P. alba) grown in vitro is susceptible to Meloidogyne incognita, allowing this nematode to penetrate, to induce feeding sites, and to successfully complete its life cycle. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed to study changes in poplar gene expression in galls compared with noninfected roots. Three genes (expansin A, histone 3.1, and asparagine synthase), selected as gall development marker genes, followed, during poplar-nematode interaction, a similar expression pattern to what was described for other plant hosts. Downregulation of four genes implicated in the monolignol biosynthesis pathway was evidenced in galls, suggesting a shift in the phenolic profile within galls developed on poplar roots. Raman microspectroscopy demonstrated that cell walls of giant cells were not lignified but mainly composed of pectin and cellulose. The data presented here suggest that RKN exercise conserved strategies to reproduce and to invade perennial plant species and that poplar is a suitable model host to study specific traits of tree-nematode interactions.
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale, Université libre de Bruxelles, Rue des Professeurs Jeener et Brachet 12, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium;
authors.forename: Fabien
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baldacci-Cresp
authors.affiliation: 2 University of Liege, CIRM, Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, CHU, B36, B-4000 Liege, Belgium;
authors.forename: Pierre-Yves
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Sacré
authors.affiliation: 3 Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging-CMMI, Université libre de Bruxelles;
authors.forename: Laure
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Twyffels
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale, Université libre de Bruxelles, Rue des Professeurs Jeener et Brachet 12, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium;
authors.forename: Adeline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mol
authors.affiliation: 3 Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging-CMMI, Université libre de Bruxelles;
authors.forename: Marjorie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vermeersch
authors.affiliation: 2 University of Liege, CIRM, Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, CHU, B36, B-4000 Liege, Belgium;
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ziemons
authors.affiliation: 2 University of Liege, CIRM, Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, CHU, B36, B-4000 Liege, Belgium;
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hubert
authors.affiliation: 3 Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging-CMMI, Université libre de Bruxelles;|4 Laboratoire de Parasitologie Moléculaire, Université libre de Bruxelles; and.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pérez-Morga
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale, Université libre de Bruxelles, Rue des Professeurs Jeener et Brachet 12, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium;
authors.forename: Mondher
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El Jaziri
authors.affiliation: 5 INRA, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, F-06900 Sophia Antipolis, France.
authors.forename: Janice
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Almeida Engler
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale, Université libre de Bruxelles, Rue des Professeurs Jeener et Brachet 12, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium;
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baucher
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000469:parasitology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000469:parasitology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000469:parasitology; D032107:Populus / Q000166:cytology / Q000469:parasitology*; D014431:Tylenchoidea / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D052584:Xylem / Q000469:parasitology