title: Gentamicin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles for the prevention of maxillofacial and orthopedic implant infections.
abstract: Trauma and orthopedic surgery can cause infections as any open surgical procedures. Such complications occur in only1 to 5% of the cases, but the treatment is rather complicated due to bacterial biofilm formation and limited drug access to the site of infection upon systemic administration. An interesting strategy to overcome this type of complications is to prevent bacterial proliferation and biofilm formation via the local and controlled release of antibiotic drugs from the implant itself. Obviously, the incorporation of the drug into the implant should not affect the latter's biological and mechanical properties. In this context, we optimized the preparation process for gentamicin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles, which can be incorporated in the macropores of calcium phosphate-based bone substitutes. Microparticles were prepared using a double emulsion solvent extraction/evaporation technique. The processing parameters were optimized in order to provide an average microparticle size of about 60μm, allowing for incorporation inside the macropores (100μm) of the hydroxyapatite scaffold. Gentamicin-loaded PLGA microparticles showed a sustained release for 25-30days and a rapid antibacterial activity due to a burst effect, the extent of which was controlled by the initial loading of the microparticles. SEM pictures revealed a highly porous microparticle structure, which can help to reduce the micro environmental pH drop and autocatalytic effects. The biological evaluation showed the cytocompatibility and non-hemolytic property of the microparticles, and the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus under the given conditions.
authors.affiliation: Univ. Lille, 59000 Lille, France; INSERM U1008, Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, 59000 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.affiliation: Univ. Lille, 59000 Lille, France; UMET, Ingénierie des Systèmes Polymères, Université de Lille 1, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Degoutin
authors.affiliation: Univ. Lille, 59000 Lille, France; INSERM U1008, Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, 59000 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.affiliation: Univ. Lille, 59000 Lille, France; INSERM U1008, Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, 59000 Lille, France; Service Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale, CHRU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Gwenael
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Raoul
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Matériaux Céramiques et Procédés Associés (LMCPA), Université de Valenciennes, 59300 Valenciennes, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Chritophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hornez
authors.affiliation: Univ. Lille, 59000 Lille, France; UMET, Ingénierie des Systèmes Polymères, Université de Lille 1, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Martel
authors.affiliation: Univ. Lille, 59000 Lille, France; INSERM U1008, Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, 59000 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Juergen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Siepmann
authors.affiliation: Univ. Lille, 59000 Lille, France; INSERM U1008, Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, 59000 Lille, France; Service Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale, CHRU de Lille, 59000 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ferri
authors.affiliation: Univ. Lille, 59000 Lille, France; INSERM U1008, Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, 59000 Lille, France. Electronic address: nicolas.blanchemain@univ-lille2.fr.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Blanchemain
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D008447:Maxillofacial Prosthesis / Q000382:microbiology*; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D005839:Gentamicins; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid
keywords: Bone infection; Controlled drug delivery; Gentamicin; Microparticules; Poly-lactide-co-glycolide