title: Phase-factor-dependent symmetries and quantum phases in a three-level cavity QED system.
abstract: Unlike conventional two-level particles, three-level particles may support some unitary-invariant phase factors when they interact coherently with a single-mode quantized light field. To gain a better understanding of light-matter interaction, it is thus necessary to explore the phase-factor-dependent physics in such a system. In this report, we consider the collective interaction between degenerate V-type three-level particles and a single-mode quantized light field, whose different components are labeled by different phase factors. We mainly establish an important relation between the phase factors and the symmetry or symmetry-broken physics. Specifically, we find that the phase factors affect dramatically the system symmetry. When these symmetries are breaking separately, rich quantum phases emerge. Finally, we propose a possible scheme to experimentally probe the predicted physics of our model. Our work provides a way to explore phase-factor-induced nontrivial physics by introducing additional particle levels.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China.
authors.forename: Jingtao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China.
authors.forename: Lixian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China.
authors.forename: Suotang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jia