title: Long term exposure to NO2 and diabetes incidence in the Black Women's Health Study.
abstract: While laboratory studies show that air pollutants can potentiate insulin resistance, the epidemiologic evidence regarding the association of air pollution with diabetes incidence is conflicting. The purpose of the present study was to assess the association of the traffic-related nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with the incidence of diabetes in a longitudinal cohort study of African American women. We used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for diabetes associated with exposure to NO2 among 43,003 participants in the Black Women's Health Study (BWHS). Pollutant levels at participant residential locations were estimated with 1) a land use regression model for participants living in 56 metropolitan areas, and 2) a dispersion model for participants living in 27 of the cities. From 1995 to 2011, 4387 cases of diabetes occurred. The hazard ratios per interquartile range of NO2 (9.7 ppb), adjusted for age, metropolitan area, education, vigorous exercise, body mass index, smoking, and diet, were 0.96 (95% CI 0.88-1.06) using the land use regression model estimates and 0.94 (95% CI 0.80, 1.10) using the dispersion model estimates. The present results do not support the hypothesis that exposure to NO2 contributes to diabetes incidence in African American women.
authors.affiliation: Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, 1010 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address: pcoogan@bu.edu.
authors.forename: Patricia F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Coogan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
authors.forename: Laura F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: White
authors.affiliation: Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, 1010 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Address Locator 0900C2, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0K9.
authors.forename: Richard T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Burnett
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo- Engineering, University of Minnesota, 122 Civil Engineering, 500 Pillsbury Drive S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Julian D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Box 357234, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Edmund
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Seto
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Domino's Farms, 24 Frank Lloyd Wright Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA.
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Brook
authors.affiliation: Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, 1010 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Julie R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.affiliation: Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, 1010 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, 650 Charles E. Young Drive S, Rm. 56-070 CHS, Mail Code 177220, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jerrett
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D002947:Cities / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide / Q000032:analysis*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D016387:Women's Health; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide
keywords: African American; Air pollution; Cohort study; Diabetes; Incidence