title: Effect of osmopriming on germination and initial growth of Physalis angulata L. under salt stress and on expression of associated genes.
abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of priming on seed germination under salt stress and gene expression in seeds and seedlings of P. angulata L. After priming for 10 days, seed germination was tested in plastic trays containing 15 ml of water (0 dS m-1 - control) or 15 ml of NaCl solution (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 dS m-1). Fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots of seedlings were evaluated at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 dS m-1. Total RNA was extracted from whole seeds and seedlings followed by RT-qPCR. The target genes selected for this study were: ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), thioredoxin (TXN), high affinity potassium transporter protein 1 (HAK1) and salt overly sensitive 1 (SOS1). At an electroconductivity of 14 dS m-1 the primed seeds still germinated to 72%, in contrast with the non-primed seeds which did not germinate. The relative expression of APX was higher in primed seeds and this may have contributed to the maintenance of high germination in primed seeds at high salt concentrations. GST and TXN displayed increased transcript levels in shoots and roots of seedlings from primed seeds. Priming improved seed germination as well as salt tolerance and this is correlated with increased expression of APX in seeds and SOS1, GST and TXN in seedlings.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Reconcavo da Bahia/UFRB/CETEC, Rua Rui Barbosa, 710, Centro, 44380-000 Cruz das Almas, BA, Brasil, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas BA , Brazil.
authors.forename: Manuela O DE
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana/UEFS, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, BR 116, Km 03, 44036-900 Feira de Santana, BA, Brasil, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Feira de Santana BA , Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudinéia R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Pelacani
authors.affiliation: Wageningen Seed Lab, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands, Wageningen UR, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen , Netherlands.
authors.forename: Leo A J
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Willems
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Biofunção, Universidade Federal da Bahia/UFBA, Av. Reitor Miguel Calmon, s/n, Vale do Canela, 40160-100 Salvador, BA, Brasil, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Biofunção, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador BA , Brazil.
authors.forename: Renato D DE
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.affiliation: Wageningen Seed Lab, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands, Wageningen UR, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen , Netherlands.
authors.forename: Henk W M
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Hilhorst
authors.affiliation: Wageningen Seed Lab, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands, Wageningen UR, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen , Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wilco
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ligterink
mesh_terms: D060387:Ascorbate Peroxidases / Q000235:genetics; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018525:Germination / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics; D032321:Physalis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D055049:Salt Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*; D036226:Seedlings / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; C110543:HAK1 protein, plant; D010940:Plant Proteins; D013879:Thioredoxins; D060387:Ascorbate Peroxidases; D005982:Glutathione Transferase