title: Advances in laparoscopic urologic surgery techniques.
abstract: The last two decades witnessed the inception and exponential implementation of key technological advancements in laparoscopic urology. While some of these technologies thrived and became part of daily practice, others are still hindered by major challenges. This review was conducted through a comprehensive literature search in order to highlight some of the most promising technologies in laparoscopic visualization, augmented reality, and insufflation. Additionally, this review will provide an update regarding the current status of single-site and natural orifice surgery in urology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, 85054, USA.
authors.forename: Haidar M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Abdul-Muhsin
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, 85054, USA.
authors.forename: Mitchell R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Humphreys
keywords: Augmented reality; Laparoendoscopic; Laparoendoscopic single site surgery; insufflation devices; laparoscopic urology; natural orifice transluminal surgery