title: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Crossover Study to Compare the Effectiveness of Montelukast on Atopic Dermatitis in Korean Children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Some studies report a role of leukotrienes in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis and suggest a rationale for the use of leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. This study aimed to evaluate the treatment effectiveness of montelukast in children with atopic dermatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four children between the ages of 2 and 6 years with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis were enrolled. Group A received montelukast for 8 weeks, followed by a crossover to 8 weeks of placebo after a 2-week washout period. Group B reversed the administration according to a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design. The SCORing atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) index, urinary leukotriene E₄ (LTE₄), and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) were assessed at every visit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-three patients (21 males) completed the study. Although the SCORAD index was decreased in both groups, there was no statistically significant difference between montelukast and placebo (-3.0±11.2 vs -5.7±11.3, P=0.43). The level of urinary LTE₄ was decreased after taking montelukast when compared to placebo, but there was no statistically significant difference (-65.9±556.2 vs 87.7±618.3, P=0.26). The changes in urinary EDN after taking montelukast and placebo had no significant difference (37.0±1,008.6 vs -195.8±916.7, P=0.10). When analyzing SCORAD indices, urinary LTE₄, and EDN, we could not prove the effectiveness of montelukast in the atopic, non-atopic or high ECP (ECP ≥15 μg/L) subgroups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no statistically significant difference in clinical improvement or biomarkers between montelukast and placebo treatment. Therefore, conventional treatments with skin care and infection control might be more important strategies in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Korea.
authors.forename: You Hoon
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Taek Ki
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeon Jong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. bypyun@schmc.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Bok Yang
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Pyun
keywords: Atopic dermatitis; montelukast; treatment effectiveness