title: Characterization of the variation of carbonyl compounds concentrations before, during, and after the renovation of an apartment at Niterói, Brazil.
abstract: The present work reports the variation of 31 carbonyl compounds (CC) in an apartment located at Niterói City, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Eight sampling campaigns were conducted through a 1-year period, and three areas (living room, kitchen, and bedroom) were evaluated before, during, and after the renovation activities and reoccupation of the apartment. Samples were collected using SEP-PAK cartridges impregnated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, and the hydrazones were analyzed using rapid resolution liquid chromatography with UV detection. The lowest total concentration of CC (19.0 ± 1.5 μg m(-3)) was found before the renovation when the apartment was empty, but door varnishing resulted in highest contamination of the apartment (1386 ± 384 μg m(-3)); however, an important dispersion of CC was observed in the subsequent sampling (148 ± 1.8 μg m(-3)). After apartment reoccupation, the indoor contamination seemed to depend on the routine activities taken there, such as household product use and cooking activities, but apparently, local temperature increase favored the vaporization of the volatile CC from the building materials in the apartment. As far as we are concerned, this is the first study comparing the concentrations of 31 CC in residential areas before, during, and after renovation activities taken in Brazil.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química-Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n, 24020-141, Valonguinho, Centro, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.|Laboratório de Química Analítica Fundamental e Aplicada-Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química-Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n, 24020-141, Valonguinho, Centro, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Soraya de Mendonça
authors.initials: Sde M
authors.lastname: Ochs
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química-Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n, 24020-141, Valonguinho, Centro, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leonardo de Almeida
authors.initials: Lde A
authors.lastname: Furtado
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química-Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n, 24020-141, Valonguinho, Centro, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.|Laboratório de Química Analítica Fundamental e Aplicada-Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química-Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n, 24020-141, Valonguinho, Centro, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Wildson Vieira
authors.initials: WV
authors.lastname: Cerqueira
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química-Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n, 24020-141, Valonguinho, Centro, Niterói, RJ, Brazil. annibal@vm.uff.br.|Laboratório de Química Analítica Fundamental e Aplicada-Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química-Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n, 24020-141, Valonguinho, Centro, Niterói, RJ, Brazil. annibal@vm.uff.br.
authors.forename: Annibal Duarte
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Pereira Netto
mesh_terms: D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis*; D001938:Brazil; D003252:Construction Materials / Q000032:analysis; D003296:Cooking; D006798:Housing; D006801:Humans; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D009930:Organic Chemicals
keywords: Building materials; Carbonyl compounds; Formaldehyde; Indoor air pollution; Indoor air sources; Painting and furnishing materials