title: Effect of photobiomodulation on endothelial cell exposed to Bothrops jararaca venom.
abstract: Bleeding is a common feature in envenoming caused by Bothrops snake venom due to extensive damage to capillaries and venules, producing alterations in capillary endothelial cell morphology. It has been demonstrated, in vivo, that photobiomodulation (PBM) decreases hemorrhage after venom inoculation; however, the mechanism is unknown. Thus, the objective was to investigate the effects of PBM on a murine endothelial cell line (tEnd) exposed to Bothrops jararaca venom (BjV). Cells were exposed to BjV and irradiated once with either 660- or 780-nm wavelength laser light at energy densities of 4 and 5 J/cm(2), respectively, and irradiation time of 10 s. Cell integrity was analyzed by crystal violet and cell viability/mitochondrial metabolism by MTT assay. The release of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) was quantified as a measure of cell damage. In addition, cytokine IL1-β levels were measured in the supernatant. PBM at 660 and 780 nm wavelength was able to increase cellular viability and decrease the release of LDH and the loss of cellular integrity. In addition, the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL1-β was reduced after PBM by both wavelengths. The data reported herein indicates that irradiation with red or near-infrared laser resulted in protection on endothelial cells after exposure to Bothrops venom and could be, at least in part, a reasonable explanation by the beneficial effects of PBM inhibiting the local effects induced by Bothrops venoms, in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, R: Vergueiro, 235 Liberdade, CEP 01504001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Tereza Barufi
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.affiliation: Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, R: Vergueiro, 235 Liberdade, CEP 01504001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana Miato Gonçalves
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Institute of Research and Development, University of Vale do Paraíba, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcília Silva
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, R: Vergueiro, 235 Liberdade, CEP 01504001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvia Fernanda
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Zamuner
authors.affiliation: Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, R: Vergueiro, 235 Liberdade, CEP 01504001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodolfo Paula
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Farmacologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Catarina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Fatima Pereira Teixeira
authors.affiliation: Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, R: Vergueiro, 235 Liberdade, CEP 01504001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. stella.rz@uninove.br.|, Rua Vergueiro, 234 Bairro Liberdade, São Paulo, CEP 01504-000, Brazil. stella.rz@uninove.br.
authors.forename: Stella Regina
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Zamuner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017837:Bothrops; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000528:radiation effects; D003435:Crotalid Venoms / Q000506:poisoning*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000528:radiation effects; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D003435:Crotalid Venoms; D053583:Interleukin-1beta
keywords: Bothrops jararaca; Cell integrity; Cellular cytotoxicity; Cellular viability; IL1-β; Photobiomodulation