title: Who benefits from chemoradiation in stage III-IVA endometrial cancer? An analysis of the National Cancer Data Base.
abstract: Adjuvant therapy for advanced endometrial cancer (AEC) is not standardized. We investigated whether regional radiotherapy with chemotherapy (CRT) compared to chemotherapy alone (CT) was associated with improved overall survival (OS) in an AEC cohort and among subgroups by stage and histologic grade.
  
  
  
  Women who received CT or CRT after hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for FIGO stage III-IVA AEC diagnosed in 2004-2012 were identified in the National Cancer Data Base. Multilevel modeling was used to identify covariates associated with treatment selection. OS was compared using Kaplan-Meier estimates, the log-rank test, Cox proportional hazards regression, and propensity score matching.
  
  
  
  We identified 9837 patients, of whom 6358 (65%) received CT and 3479 (35%) received CRT. Median follow-up was 59.6months. OS was higher in patients receiving CRT compared to CT (70% v 55% at 5years, log-rank P<0.001). Controlling for stage, histologic grade, tumor size, age, comorbidity and race, CRT remained independently associated with improved OS (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.57-0.70, P<0.001). When stratified by stage and histologic grade, there was a significant OS benefit for stage IIIA, IIIB, IIIC, grade 2, and grade 3 (all P<0.001), a trend for stage IVA (P=0.06), but no benefit for grade 1 (P=0.91). On multivariable subgroup analyses, these findings persisted, including lack of benefit in grade 1 patients (HR 0.72, P=0.14). These results were further confirmed after propensity score matching.
  
  
  
  Adjuvant CRT for AEC was associated with improved OS, except for patients with well-differentiated disease, who fared equally well with CT alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States. Electronic address: nataniel.lester-coll@yale.edu.
authors.forename: Nataniel H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Lester-Coll
authors.affiliation: Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
authors.forename: Henry S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
authors.forename: Charles E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Rutter
authors.affiliation: Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
authors.forename: Christopher D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Corso
authors.affiliation: Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
authors.forename: Melissa R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
authors.forename: Elena S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Ratner
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
authors.forename: Babak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Litkouhi
authors.affiliation: Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
authors.forename: Roy H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Decker
authors.affiliation: Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
authors.forename: James B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
authors.forename: Shari
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Damast
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D059186:Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010052:Ovariectomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Chemotherapy; Endometrial cancer; National Cancer Data Base; Radiation therapy