title: Analgesic Prodrugs for Combating their Side-Effects: Rational Approach.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Analgesics are the drugs which bring insensibility to pain without loosing consciousness. Treatment strategy is generally based on the type of pain. Most of the analgesics are associated with serious side effects, such as NSAIDS can cause severe GI disturbance and opioids can cause addiction. There are various ways to reduce their side effects The analgesic prodrug approach is one of the several strategies used to attain the required pharmacological response with a considerable decrease in side effects. The aim of this paper is to introduce in depth the rational behind the use of the analgesic prodrug approach from past to present.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data is collected from online as well as from extensive literature survey which have appeared on this subject during the last decades. This review will map the origins and development of the most important of the analgesic prodrugs to date.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This review indicates that, designing analgesic prodrugs represent successful strategy to gain the required pharmacological activity with a considerable decrease in side effects. However thorough knowledge of diverse biological phenomena is needed which enables scientists to invent and design superior, nontoxic and better-targeted prodrugs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The newly synthesized chemical entity or prodrugs may or may not have intrinsic pharmacological activity and also synthesizing novel molecules consume a lot of time and money than developing prodrugs of existing clinically used analgesic drugs which is surely an attractive and promising area of research now a days.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Hindu College of Pharmacy, Sonepat, Haryana-131001, India.
authors.lastname: Ruchita
authors.lastname: Sucheta
authors.forename: Sanju
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nanda
authors.forename: Dharampal
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pathak
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D011355:Prodrugs
keywords: Analgesics; NSAIDs; opioid; pain; paracetamol; prodrugs