title: Stress distributions of a bracket type orthodontic miniscrew and the surrounding bone under moment loadings: Three-dimensional finite element analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of moments and the combination of forces and moments on the mechanical properties of a bracket type miniscrew, resembling engagement of a rectangular wire by three-dimensional (3D) finite element study.
  
  
  METHODS
  By solid work software (Dassaunlt systems solid works, concord, Mass), a 3D miniscrew model of 6, 8, 10 mm lengths was designed and inserted in the osseous block, consisted of the cortical, and cancellous bones. The stress distributions, maximum stresses, and deflections of the miniscrew were evaluated for all parts using ANSYS (Work Bench, 2014).
  
  
  RESULTS
  As the magnitudes of the load increased from 100 to 200, 400 and 800 grf-mm, the peak of stresses in the 6 mm long miniscrew were increased from 7.7 to 61.5 Mpa. The maximum values of Von Mises in the cancellous bone were tremendously lower in comparison to the cortical bone by one hundredth. As the length of the miniscrew in contact with the bone was increased, the amounts and patterns of stress distribution in the cortical bone and the miniscrew did not change significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As the moment magnitude increased, the pick stresses increased linearly. The existence of cancellous bone was not significantly responsible for the stress distribution. The pattern of stress distribution did not change by the length of the miniscrew.
authors.affiliation: Orthodontic Research Center, Department of Orthodontic, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Shabnam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ajami
authors.affiliation: Undergraduate Student, Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mina
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Amin
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Nabavizadeh
keywords: Finite element; force; miniscrew; moment; orthodontic