title: Evaluation of asbestos-containing products and released fibers in home appliances.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to detect asbestos-containing products and released asbestos fibers from home appliances. The authors investigated a total of 414 appliances manufactured between 1986 and 2007. Appliances were divided into three categories: large-sized electric appliances, small-sized electric appliances, and household items. Analysis for asbestos-containing material (ACM) was performed using polarized light microscopy (PLM) and stereoscopic microscopy. Air sampling was performed to measure airborne concentration of asbestos using a phase-contrast microscope (PCM). The results of the analysis for ACM in appliances show that large-sized electric appliances (refrigerators, washing machines, kimchi-refrigerators) and household items (bicycles, motorcycles, gas boilers) contain asbestos material and small-sized electric appliances do not contain asbestos material. All appliances with detected asbestos material showed typical characteristics of chrysotile (7-50%) and tremolite (7-10%). No released fibers of ACM were detected from the tested appliances when the appliances were operating. This study gives the basic information on asbestos risk to people who use home appliances.
  
  
  
  All appliances with detected asbestos material showed typical characteristics of chrysotile (7-50%) and tremolite (7-10%). No released fibers of ACM were detected from the tested appliances when the appliances were operating.
authors.affiliation: a National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center , Goyang-si Gyeonggi-do , South Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: b Institute of Environmental and Industrial Medicine, Hanyang University , Seoul , South Korea.
authors.forename: Wha Me
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis*; D017636:Asbestos, Amphibole / Q000032:analysis*; D017632:Asbestos, Serpentine / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006794:Household Articles; D019016:Mineral Fibers / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D017636:Asbestos, Amphibole; D017632:Asbestos, Serpentine; D019016:Mineral Fibers; C005846:tremolite