title: Behavior-Related Factors Associated With Low Back Pain in the US Adult Population.
abstract: METHODS
  This study is based on data from the 2009-2012 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) of the civilian population of the United States. The NHIS focuses on a number of health conditions, including low back pain.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study is to explore behavior-related factors associated with low back pain in the US adult population, including leisure-time physical activity, alcohol use, tobacco use, sleep duration, and obesity.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Low back pain is a prevalent musculoskeletal health disorder with profound impact on individuals, business, and society. Addressing behavior-related factors holds the potential to reduce the burden of low back pain on a societal basis.
  
  
  METHODS
  To account for the complex sampling design of the NHIS, the Taylor linearized variance estimation methods were used to conduct weighted descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analyses in exploring the relationships between low back pain and a set of behavior-related risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study shows associations between self-reported lower back pain and reported leisure-time physical inactivity, current or former smoking, current or former alcohol drinking, short sleep duration, and obesity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study identified a number of behavior-related factors that appear to have a significant relationship with low back pain. Public health policy makers and clinicians should consider these factors to reduce the burden of low back pain. This study supports the need for longitudinal study design in future research.
  
  
  METHODS
  2.
authors.affiliation: Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of California, Irvine.
authors.forename: Haiou
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine.|Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA.
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haldeman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D057566:Self Report; D012890:Sleep; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult