title: Drp1 guarding of the mitochondrial network is important for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells.
abstract: Mitochondria form a tubular network in mammalian cells, and the mitochondrial life cycle is determined by fission, fusion and autophagy. Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) has a pivotal role in these processes because it alone is able to constrict mitochondria. However, the regulation and function of Drp1 have been shown to vary between cell types. Mitochondrial morphology affects mitochondrial metabolism and function. In pancreatic beta cells mitochondrial metabolism is a key component of the glucose-induced cascade of insulin secretion. The goal of the present study was to investigate the action of Drp1 in pancreatic beta cells. For this purpose Drp1 was down-regulated by means of shDrp1 in insulin-secreting INS1 cells and mouse pancreatic islets. In INS1 cells reduced Drp1 expression resulted in diminished expression of proteins regulating mitochondrial fusion, namely mitofusin 1 and 2, and optic atrophy protein 1. Diminished mitochondrial dynamics can therefore be assumed. After down-regulation of Drp1 in INS1 cells and spread mouse islets the initially homogenous mitochondrial network characterised by a moderate level of interconnections shifted towards high heterogeneity with elongated, clustered and looped mitochondria. These morphological changes were found to correlate directly with functional alterations. Mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP generation were significantly reduced in INS1 cells after Drp1down-regulation. Finally, a significant loss of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was demonstrated in INS1 cells and mouse pancreatic islets. In conclusion, Drp1 expression is important in pancreatic beta cells to maintain the regulation of insulin secretion.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rostock, D-18057 Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Reinhardt
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rostock, D-18057 Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rostock, D-18057 Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Rica
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Waterstradt
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rostock, D-18057 Rostock, Germany. Electronic address: simone.baltrusch@med.uni-rostock.de.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baltrusch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D034281:Dynamins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D063154:Mitochondrial Dynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; C486391:Dnm1l protein, mouse; D034281:Dynamins; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1); Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion; Mitochondrial dynamics; Mitochondrial fission; Pancreatic beta cells