title: The application of CT voiding urethrography in the evaluation of urethral stricture associated with fistula: a preliminary report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to evaluate the clinical utility of CT voiding urethrography (2D/3D reformatted CT images and virtual cystourethroscopy) in terms of its ability to detect urethral stricture associated with fistula.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the study period, 80 patients were found to have signs or symptoms of urine leakage, as detected by voiding CT scanning. 2D/3D reformatted CT images and the virtual cystourethroscopic view were generated by the software. Conventional urethrography and traditional cystourethroscopy were also used prior to operation. The accuracy of these techniques was compared to the actual findings during the operation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For 58 male patients suffering from urethral strictures associated with fistulas, the detection rate of the fistulas by 2D/3D reformatted CT images was superior to conventional urethrography for characterizing the site of the fistula and the length of the urethral stricture (P < 0.05). The detection rate of the fistula by 3D virtual cystourethroscopy was similar to that by traditional cystourethroscopy (P > 0.05). The duration of the examination was shorter for 3D virtual cystourethroscopy than for traditional cystourethroscopy (P < 0.05). The same results were observed in 22 cases that featured a urethrovaginal fistula.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CT voiding urethrography is a useful technique for the diagnosis of urethral disease, especially in male patients suffering from urethral stricture associated with fistula.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiang-Guo
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xu-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China. fengchao9901790@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China. xuyuemin@263.net.
authors.forename: Yue-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yu-Lan
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D000070621:Cystography / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061330:Multidetector Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D014548:Urinary Fistula / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D014554:Urination / Q000502:physiology; D014567:Urography / Q000379:methods*; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: CT voiding urethrography; Lower genitourinary tract fistula; Urethrovaginal fistula; Virtual urethroscopy