title: Possibilities of applying Ti (C, N) coatings on prosthetic elements - research with the use of human endothelial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study was to examine the effect of prosthetic alloys with Ti (C, N) coatings on viability and pro life ration of human cells employing an MTT assay with the use of human microvascular endothelial cells derived from the skin - HMEC-1 (Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells-1).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cylindrical shape samples made of Ni-Cralloy were divided into S1-S5 groups and coated with Ti (C, N) layers with different content of C and N. S0 group - control group without layer. The alloys (S0-S5) were stored in an experimental medium (MCDB131 with antibiotics) for 30 days and then HMEC-1 cells were incubated in the alloy extract for 24 and 96 hours. Next, cell viability was determined using MTT method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the case of samples incubated for both 24 and 96 hours there are statistically significant differences (with p-value <0.05) between the uncoated samples (S0 group) and all the other Ti (C, N) coated samples. Higher absorbance values were observed in all coated groups than in the control S0 group, where cell growth was statistically significantly lower.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During incubation of endothelial cells with coated samples the number of cells was significantly bigger than the number with uncoated alloys. The best viability of cells was obtained from the S = 3 (with 51.94% at. Ti, 28.22% at. C and 19.84% at. N) group of samples. Ti (C, N) coatings may be applied as protective components on prosthetic elements made of base metal alloys.
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Łódź, Department of General Dentistry, Chair of Restorative Dentistry, Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Banaszek
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Łódź, Inter-Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wiktorowska-Owczarek
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Łódź, Inter-Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kowalczyk
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Łódź, Department of Dental Technology, Chair of Restorative Dentistry, Łódź, Poland.|Łódź University of Technology, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Leszek
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Klimek
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys / Q000494:pharmacology; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D055806:Microvessels / Q000166:cytology; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D014025:Titanium / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D002244:Carbon; D014025:Titanium; D009584:Nitrogen