title: Role of surface heat fluxes underneath cold pools.
abstract: The role of surface heat fluxes underneath cold pools is investigated using cloud-resolving simulations with either interactive or horizontally homogenous surface heat fluxes over an ocean and a simplified land surface. Over the ocean, there are limited changes in the distribution of the cold pool temperature, humidity, and gust front velocity, yet interactive heat fluxes induce more cold pools, which are smaller, and convection is then less organized. Correspondingly, the updraft mass flux and lateral entrainment are modified. Over the land surface, the heat fluxes underneath cold pools drastically impact the cold pool characteristics with more numerous and smaller pools, which are warmer and more humid and accompanied by smaller gust front velocities. The interactive fluxes also modify the updraft mass flux and reduce convective organization. These results emphasize the importance of interactive surface fluxes instead of prescribed flux boundary conditions, as well as the formulation of surface heat fluxes, when studying convection.
authors.affiliation: Earth and Environmental Engineering, Earth Institute, School of Engineering and Applied Science Columbia University New York New York USA.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gentine
authors.affiliation: Earth and Environmental Engineering, Earth Institute, School of Engineering and Applied Science Columbia University New York New York USA.
authors.forename: Alix
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garelli
authors.affiliation: Earth and Environmental Engineering, Earth Institute, School of Engineering and Applied Science Columbia University New York New York USA.
authors.forename: Seung-Bu
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lamont Doherty Laboratory Columbia University New York New York USA.
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.affiliation: Earth and Planetary Sciences Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts USA.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Torri
authors.affiliation: Earth and Planetary Sciences and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts USA.
authors.forename: Zhiming
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kuang
keywords: cold pools; convection; entrainment; mass flux; surface fluxes