title: A randomized clinical trial comparing plaque removal efficacy of an oscillating-rotating power toothbrush to a manual toothbrush by multiple examiners.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether multiple examiners can demonstrate consistent plaque removal advantages for an oscillating-rotating power toothbrush versus a manual toothbrush.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a replicate-use, single brushing, examiner-blind, randomized, two-treatment, four-period crossover clinical trial involving four examiners. Subjects were randomized to one of four treatment sequences involving two toothbrushes: an oscillating-rotating power toothbrush or a manual toothbrush. At each of the four visits, subjects arrived having abstained from oral hygiene for 24 h prior, and brushed with their assigned toothbrush and a marketed fluoride dentifrice under supervision unaided by a mirror. Plaque was assessed by each examiner using the Turesky-Modified Quigley-Hein Plaque Index at each study period before and after brushing. Data was analysed separately for each examiner using the analysis of covariance for crossover design.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-five subjects between the ages of 18 and 70 met the entrance criteria and were enrolled in the study. Eighty-seven subjects completed all four periods of the study. Both brushes delivered a significant plaque reduction when compared to baseline. Significant treatment differences were observed for all four examiners - ranging from 0.10 to 0.16 - in favor of the oscillating-rotating brush (P < 0.001). There were no adverse events reported or observed for either brush.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All four examiners demonstrated the power toothbrush removed significantly more plaque after a single brushing than the standard manual toothbrush. Both brushes were well tolerated.
authors.affiliation: University of Jena, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kurtz
authors.affiliation: University of Jena, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reise
authors.affiliation: Procter & Gamble, Mason, OH, USA. klukowska.m@pg.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klukowska
authors.affiliation: Procter & Gamble, Mason, OH, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Grender
authors.affiliation: Procter & Gamble, Kronberg, Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Timm
authors.affiliation: University of Jena, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Sigusch
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003748:Dental Equipment; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: electric; manual; plaque; toothbrushes