title: Alcohol Use, Depression, and High-Risk Occupations Among Young Adults in the Ukraine.
abstract: This study examined alcohol consumption in relation to anxiety, depression, and involvement with high risk occupations (HRO; e.g., coal miners), among young adults in the Ukraine (aged 18-25) (N = 192; 60.9% male; 100% Caucasian). Participants were grouped on the basis of drinking status: (1) current drinkers (CDs; n = 132) or (2) nondrinkers (NDs; n = 60). Questionnaires assessed frequency of alcohol use, motives for drinking, problem identification, as well as anxiety and depression (i.e., Hamilton scales). Bivariate analyses showed that CDs were more likely than NDs to be single, have a HRO, and have greater anxiety and depression; for example, 91.7% of CDs had a HRO as compared to 56.7% of NDs. Drinking status was not significantly related to age or gender. Among CDs, common motives for use included: to reduce anxiety and fears (60.6%), because my friends use alcohol (75.0%), to fight stress (78.8%), and to increase self-esteem (64.4%). Among CDs, past month drinking days were: 25% 1-2 days, 37.9% 3-7 days, 25% 8-21 days, and 12.1% 22-30 days. Regarding problem identification, 29.5% reported not having a problem, 34.8% reported possibly having a problem, 21.9% reported having a problem but not needing help, and 13.6% reported having a problem/needing help. Young adults involved in HRO may be a particularly high risk population given increased likelihood of alcohol use, anxiety, and depression. Early intervention strategies that incorporate motivational interviewing approaches to address coping and social motives for use may be beneficial to address substance use and mental health problems.
authors.affiliation: a Departments of Psychiatry and Addiction Research Center , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA.|b Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ukrainian Scientific Research Institute of Social and Forensic Psychiatry and Narcology , Kyiv , Ukraine.
authors.forename: Svitlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Polshkova
authors.affiliation: a Departments of Psychiatry and Addiction Research Center , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA.|b Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ukrainian Scientific Research Institute of Social and Forensic Psychiatry and Narcology , Kyiv , Ukraine.
authors.forename: Oleg
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Chaban
authors.affiliation: a Departments of Psychiatry and Addiction Research Center , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan , USA.|b Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ukrainian Scientific Research Institute of Social and Forensic Psychiatry and Narcology , Kyiv , Ukraine.
authors.forename: Maureen A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Walton
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D001007:Anxiety; D003863:Depression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D009790:Occupations; D014455:Ukraine; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Alcohol use; anxiety; depression; high risk occupations; motivational interview