title: Assessment of methods of detection of water estrogenicity for their use as monitoring tools in a process of estrogenicity removal.
abstract: Methods of monitoring of estrogenicity in water were gathered, compared, and tested within the context of their practical use as measurement and design tools, in the development of a process of degradation of estrogenic endocrine disruptors. In this work, the focus was put on in vitro assays, with the use of analytical techniques as additional analysis when possible. Practically, from a literature review, four methods that seemed most suitable to practical use required in a process development were tested: the Yeast Estrogen Screen assay, the Lyticase-assisted Yeast Estrogen Screen assay (LYES), the MMV-LUC assay and the HPLC-UV analytical method. Dose-response curves in response to estrogenic standard 17β-estradiol were compared. Bisphenol A estrogenicity was measured by the methods as well. The model for the calculation of estradiol equivalents as measurements units was adapted. The methods were assessed in terms of ranges of detection, time of experiment, cost, ease of the experiment, reproducibility, etc. Based on that assessment, the LYES assay was selected and successfully applied to the monitoring of estrogenicity removal from 17β-estradiol and bisphenol A. More precisely, the bioassay allowed the acquisition of kinetic curves for a laboratory-scaled process of estrogenicity removal by immobilized enzymes in a continuous packed-bed reactor. The LYES assay was found to have a real methodological potential for scale-up and design of a treatment process. The HPLC-UV method showed good complementarity with the LYES assay for the monitoring of bisphenol A concentrations in parallel with estrogenicity, reporting no significant estrogenicity from degradation byproducts, among others.
authors.affiliation: a Department Transfers, Interfaces & Processes , Université Libre de Bruxelles , Bruxelles , Belgium.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blavier
authors.affiliation: b Department of Applied Microbiology , Université Libre de Bruxelles c/o Institut de Recherches Microbiologiques Jean-Marie Wiame , Bruxelles , Belgium.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Songulashvili
authors.affiliation: c Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Analysis , FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, Université de Liège , Liege , Belgium.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.affiliation: a Department Transfers, Interfaces & Processes , Université Libre de Bruxelles , Bruxelles , Belgium.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Penninckx
authors.affiliation: b Department of Applied Microbiology , Université Libre de Bruxelles c/o Institut de Recherches Microbiologiques Jean-Marie Wiame , Bruxelles , Belgium.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Flahaut
authors.affiliation: c Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Analysis , FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, Université de Liège , Liege , Belgium.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Scippo
authors.affiliation: a Department Transfers, Interfaces & Processes , Université Libre de Bruxelles , Bruxelles , Belgium.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Debaste
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D001681:Biological Assay; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000032:analysis; D004967:Estrogens / Q000032:analysis*; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D004693:Glucan Endo-1,3-beta-D-Glucosidase / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D049449:Luminescence; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000494:pharmacology; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000494:pharmacology; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020218:Response Elements; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014819:Vitellogenins / Q000235:genetics; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D018508:Water Purification; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000378:metabolism; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004958:Estradiol; D004967:Estrogens; D004693:Glucan Endo-1,3-beta-D-Glucosidase; D008156:Luciferases; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D010636:Phenols; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D014819:Vitellogenins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D001616:beta-Galactosidase; C025310:lyticase; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: Estrogenicity; bioassay; degradation; endocrine disruptors; process