title: A Placebo-Controlled Study on the Effects of the Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Mimetic, Exenatide, on Insulin Secretion, Body Composition and Adipokines in Obese, Client-Owned Cats.
abstract: Glucagon-like Peptide-1 mimetics increase insulin secretion and reduces body weight in humans. In lean, healthy cats, short-term treatment has produced similar results, whereas the effect in obese cats or with extended duration of treatment is unknown. Here, prolonged (12 weeks) treatment with the Glucagon-like Peptide-1 mimetic, exenatide, was evaluated in 12 obese, but otherwise healthy, client-owned cats. Cats were randomized to exenatide (1.0 μg/kg) or placebo treatment twice daily for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was changes in insulin concentration; the secondary endpoints were glucose homeostasis, body weight, body composition as measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and overall safety. An intravenous glucose tolerance test (1 g/kg body weight) was conducted at week 0 and week 12. Exenatide did not change the insulin concentration, plasma glucose concentration or glucose tolerance (P>0.05 for all). Exenatide tended to reduce body weight on continued normal feeding. Median relative weight loss after 12 weeks was 5.1% (range 1.7 to 8.4%) in the exenatide group versus 3.2% (range -5.3 to 5.7%) in the placebo group (P = 0.10). Body composition and adipokine levels were unaffected by exenatide (P>0.05). Twelve weeks of exenatide was well-tolerated, with only two cases of mild, self-limiting gastrointestinal signs and a single case of mild hypoglycemia. The long-term insulinotropic effect of exenatide appeared less pronounced in obese cats compared to previous short-term studies in lean cats. Further investigations are required to fully elucidate the effect on insulin secretion, glucose tolerance and body weight in obese cats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Kirsten M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Hoelmkjaer
authors.affiliation: NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Nicolai J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Wewer Albrechtsen
authors.affiliation: NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jens J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Holst
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Anna M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cronin
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Dorte H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.affiliation: Immuno-endocrinology laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mandrup-Poulsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Charlotte R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Bjornvad
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects*; D002415:Cats; D000077270:Exenatide; D005260:Female; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010455:Peptides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014688:Venoms / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D010455:Peptides; D014688:Venoms; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D005934:Glucagon; D000077270:Exenatide