title: Cohort Analysis of a 24-Week Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Efficacy of a Novel, Partial Meal Replacement Program Targeting Weight Loss and Risk Factor Reduction in Overweight/Obese Adults.
abstract: Our aim was to design and evaluate a weight-loss program, including a partial meal replacement program, point-of-care testing and face-to-face and smartphone app support, appropriate for delivery in a community pharmacy setting. Overweight or obese adults (n = 146, 71.2% female, 48.18 ± 11.75 years old) were recruited to participate in a 24-week weight loss study and randomised to two app conditions. The dietary intervention was consistent regardless of app. Twelve weeks of clinic appointments with a trained consultant were followed by only app support for an additional 12 weeks. By week 24, retention was 57.5%. There were no differences between app conditions. Based on a cohort analysis of the trial, the mean decrease in weight from baseline to week 24 was 6.43 ± 1.06 kg for males (p < 0.001) and 5.66 ± 0.70 kg for females (p < 0.001). Mixed models also revealed decreases for LDL Cholesterol (-0.13 ± 0.08 mmol/L, nonsignificant), triglycerides (-0.08 ± 0.05 mmol/L, nonsignificant) and an increase in HDL cholesterol (+0.08 ± 0.04 mmol/L, ns) were not significant by week 24. Blood glucose (-0.23 ± 0.08 mmol/L, p = 0.040) and blood pressure (Systolic blood pressure -5.77 ± 1.21 Hg/mm, p < 0.001) were significantly lower at week 24 compared to baseline. Weight loss self-efficacy increased and remained significantly higher than baseline at week 24 (16.85 ± 2.93, p < 0.001). Overall, the program supported participants and was successful in achieving significant weight loss and improvements in health outcomes over 24 weeks.
authors.affiliation: Food and Nutrition, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), PO Box 10041, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia. Emily.Brindal@csiro.au.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brindal
authors.affiliation: Food and Nutrition, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), PO Box 10041, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia. Gilly.Hendrie@csiro.au.
authors.forename: Gilly A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Hendrie
authors.affiliation: Food and Nutrition, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), PO Box 10041, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia. Pennie.Taylor@csiro.au.
authors.forename: Pennie
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.affiliation: Health and Biosecurity, CSIRO, GPO Box 76, Epping, New South Wales 1710, Australia. Jill.Freyne@csiro.au.
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Freyne
authors.affiliation: Food and Nutrition, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), PO Box 10041, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia. Manny.Noakes@csiro.au.
authors.forename: Manny
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noakes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals; D008875:Middle Aged; D050177:Overweight / Q000178:diet therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D015431:Weight Loss
keywords: diet; meal replacement; pharmacy; smartphone; weight loss