title: Grape seed proanthocyanidins protects against cadmium induced oxidative pancreatitis in rats by attenuating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis via Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling.
abstract: The present study has been designed and carried out to explore the role of grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSP) in the pancreas of cadmium (Cd)-induced cellular oxidative stress-mediated toxicity in rats. Four groups of healthy rats were given oral doses of Cd (5-mg/kg BW) and to identify the possible mechanism of action of GSP 100-mg/kg BW was selected and was given 90 min before Cd intoxication. The causative molecular and cellular mechanism of Cd was determined using various biochemical assays, histology, western blotting and ELISA. Cd intoxication revealed increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL1β and IFN-γ), reduced levels of cellular defense proteins (Nrf-2 and HO-1) and glucose transporter (GLUT-2 and GLUT-4) along with the enhanced levels of signaling molecules of apoptosis (cleaved Caspase-12/9/8/3) in the pancreas of Cd-intoxicated rats. Results suggested that the treatment with GSP reduced blood glucose level, increased plasma insulin and mitigated oxidative stress-related markers. GSP protects pancreatic tissue by attenuated inflammatory responses and inhibited apoptosis. This uniqueness and absence of any detectable adverse effect of GSP proposes the possibility of using it as an effective protector in the oxidative stress-mediated pancreatic dysfunction in rats.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608002, Tamil, Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Nazima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bashir
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608002, Tamil, Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Vaihundam
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Manoharan
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608002, Tamil, Nadu, India. Electronic address: smprabu73@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Selvaraj
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miltonprabu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002105:Cadmium Poisoning / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000009:adverse effects; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2 / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4 / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D056604:Grape Seed Extract / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D056604:Grape Seed Extract; C511402:Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; C495637:Nfe2l2 protein, rat; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; C495683:Slc2a2 protein, rat; C495694:Slc2a4 protein, rat; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); C491523:Hmox1 protein, rat; D019256:Cadmium Chloride
keywords: Antioxidant; Apoptosis; Cadmium; GSP; Inflammation; Oxidative stress