title: New horizons in neurometabolic and neurovascular coupling from calibrated fMRI.
abstract: Neurovascular coupling relates changes in neuronal activity to constriction/dilation of microvessels. However neurometabolic coupling, which is less well known, relates alterations in neuronal activity with metabolic demands. The link between the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal and neural activity opened doors for functional MRI (fMRI) to be a powerful neuroimaging tool in the neurosciences. But due to the complex makeup of BOLD contrast, researchers began to investigate the relationship between BOLD signal and blood flow and/or volume changes during functional brain activation, which together provided the tools to measure oxygen consumption on the basis of the biophysical model of BOLD. This field is called calibrated fMRI, thereby allowed probing of both neurometabolic and neurovascular couplings for a variety of health conditions in animals and humans. Calibrated fMRI may provide brain disorder biomarkers that could be used for monitoring effective therapies.
authors.affiliation: Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.affiliation: Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Magnetic Resonance Research Center (MRRC), Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Sanganahalli
authors.affiliation: Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Magnetic Resonance Research Center (MRRC), Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Coman
authors.affiliation: Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Magnetic Resonance Research Center (MRRC), Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Herman
authors.affiliation: Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Magnetic Resonance Research Center (MRRC), Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States. Electronic address: fahmeed.hyder@yale.edu.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hyder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D000069336:Neurovascular Coupling / Q000502:physiology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Field potentials; GABA; Glutamate; Multiunit activity; Neuroimaging