title: Vertical Muscle Transposition with Augmentation for Treatment of Exotropia Caused by Iatrogenic Lost Medial Rectus Muscle.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the results of vertical muscle transposition with augmentation in cases of exotropia caused by iatrogenic lost medial rectus muscle.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective review of 5 cases of lost medial rectus with exotropia and marked limitation of adduction that underwent surgery. All cases had a history of strabismus surgery on the medial rectus and failed attempt at retrieval of the lost muscle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five patients fulfilled the criteria. Full tendon vertical muscle transposition with augmentation sutures was done for all cases. Surgery led to a significant reduction of the angle of exotropia 25.8±13.6 ?D (P=0.027) and improvement in adduction of 7.5±3.8 degrees (P=0.034). There were no complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Isolated vertical muscle transposition with augmentation is a useful option to improve the exotropia and adduction deficit in patients with iatrogenic lost medial rectus muscle.
authors.affiliation: a University of Alexandria , Department of Ophthalmology , Alexandria , Egypt.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Elkamshoushy
authors.affiliation: a University of Alexandria , Department of Ophthalmology , Alexandria , Egypt.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: El Sayed
authors.affiliation: b Indiana University , Department of Ophthalmology , Indianapolis , IN , USA.
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Sprunger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D005099:Exotropia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D008297:Male; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013709:Tendon Transfer; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Adult strabismus; exotropia; operation dosage; techniques/procedures