title: An automatic tooth preparation technique: A preliminary study.
abstract: The aim of this study is to validate the feasibility and accuracy of a new automatic tooth preparation technique in dental healthcare. An automatic tooth preparation robotic device with three-dimensional motion planning software was developed, which controlled an ultra-short pulse laser (USPL) beam (wavelength 1,064 nm, pulse width 15 ps, output power 30 W, and repeat frequency rate 100 kHz) to complete the tooth preparation process. A total of 15 freshly extracted human intact first molars were collected and fixed into a phantom head, and the target preparation shapes of these molars were designed using customised computer-aided design (CAD) software. The accuracy of tooth preparation was evaluated using the Geomagic Studio and Imageware software, and the preparing time of each tooth was recorded. Compared with the target preparation shape, the average shape error of the 15 prepared molars was 0.05-0.17 mm, the preparation depth error of the occlusal surface was approximately 0.097 mm, and the error of the convergence angle was approximately 1.0°. The average preparation time was 17 minutes. These results validated the accuracy and feasibility of the automatic tooth preparation technique.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology &National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology &Research Centre of Engineering and Technology for Digital Dentistry of Ministry of Health, 22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
authors.forename: Fusong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Centre of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology &National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology &Research Centre of Engineering and Technology for Digital Dentistry of Ministry of Health, 22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Lab of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
authors.forename: Yaopeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Centre of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology &National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology &Research Centre of Engineering and Technology for Digital Dentistry of Ministry of Health, 22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
authors.forename: Yuchun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: State Key Lab of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
authors.forename: Dangxiao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Centre of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology &National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology &Research Centre of Engineering and Technology for Digital Dentistry of Ministry of Health, 22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
authors.forename: Peijun
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lyu
mesh_terms: D001331:Automation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008963:Molar; D012984:Software; D019246:Tooth Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*