title: Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndromes: A Comprehensive Imaging Review.
abstract: MEN1, MEN2, and MEN4 comprise a series of familial disorders involving the simultaneous occurrence of tumors in more than one endocrine organ, collectively known as multiple endocrine neoplasia. Patients with this family of disorders develop tumors of the parathyroid gland, pancreas, pituitary gland, adrenal gland, and thyroid gland, along with miscellaneous neuroendocrine tumors of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. Although some patients undergo early prophylactic surgical management, particularly in the setting of familial medullary thyroid carcinoma, many develop tumors later in life. These tumors are often discovered at imaging for screening purposes. Recognition of the imaging features of the known tumors is important for appropriate patient management.
authors.affiliation: Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Shands Medical Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, PO Box 100374, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA. Electronic address: grajjr@radiology.ufl.edu.
authors.forename: Joseph R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Grajo
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
authors.forename: Raj Mohan
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Paspulati
authors.affiliation: Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, White 270, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Dushyant V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Sahani
authors.affiliation: Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, White 270, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Avinash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kambadakone
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D005820:Genetic Testing / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D009377:Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: MEN1; MEN2; MEN4; Multiple endocrine neoplasia; Neuroendocrine tumor