title: Prenatal exposure to dental amalgam and pregnancy outcome.
abstract: Questions have been raised about potential risks of prenatal exposure to mercury from amalgam fillings during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to assess possible associations between exposure to amalgam fillings in pregnant women participating in a large cohort study and adverse pregnancy outcome.
  
  
  
  In the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), a valid information about the number of teeth with amalgam fillings and dental treatment, including new amalgam fillings placed or removed during pregnancy, was available from 69 474 pregnancies. The information was obtained from two questionnaires sent to the women at 17 and 30 weeks of pregnancy, and the data were linked to the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) as a measure of association between pregnancy outcome and prenatal exposure to amalgam fillings.
  
  
  
  Logistic regression models, including mothers' age, education, BMI, parity, smoking during pregnancy, and alcohol consumption during pregnancy revealed no significant associations between the number of teeth with amalgam fillings and early preterm delivery, late preterm delivery, low birthweight, malformation or stillbirth.
  
  
  
  We found no evidence for serious perinatal consequences of maternal exposure to amalgam fillings during pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Dental Biomaterials Adverse Reaction Unit, Uni Research Health, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Gunvor Bentung
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Lygre
authors.affiliation: Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Kjell
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haug
authors.affiliation: Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.|Medical Birth Registry of Norway, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Rolv
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Skjaerven
authors.affiliation: Dental Biomaterials Adverse Reaction Unit, Uni Research Health, Bergen, Norway.|Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Björkman
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D001719:Birth Certificates; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000453:epidemiology; D003723:Dental Amalgam / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008423:Maternal Age; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000139:chemically induced*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D050497:Stillbirth / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D003723:Dental Amalgam
keywords: birth cohort; dental amalgam; mercury; pregnancy outcome