title: Bioactivity-guided isolation of antioxidant and anti-hepatocarcinoma constituents from Veronica ciliata.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Veronica ciliata Fisch., widely distributed in western China, has been traditionally used in Tibetan Medicine as a treatment for hepatitis, cholecystitis, rheumatism, and urticaria. However, V. ciliata Fisch. has not been subjected to detailed chemical constitution analysis and the bioactive studies were restricted to its crude extracts. It is necessary to investigate the active chemical components of these extracts and identify their biological effects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four iridoid glycosides, (veronicoside, cataposide, amphicoside, and verminoside) were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction. Among these compounds, veronicoside and verminoside were isolated for the first time from this plant. These compounds exhibited strong antioxidant activity and inhibitory activity on HepG2 cell proliferation. The antioxidant activity of verminoside was equal to Vc. Cataposide, amphicoside and verminoside had stronger anti-hepatocarcinoma activity than 5-fluorouracil.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Four iridoid glycosides,(veronicoside, cataposide, amphicoside and verminoside) were isolated from the extract of V. ciliata Fisch. using bioassay-guided screening.Among these compounds, veronicoside and verminoside were isolated for the first time from this plant. The above results indicated that these compounds were the active chemical components responsible for the antioxidant and anti-hepatocarcinoma properties of V. ciliata Fisch. The underlying mechanism of their bioactivity is worthy of further investigation. Graphical abstractBioactivity-guided isolation of antioxidant and anti-hepatocarcinoma constituents from Veronica ciliata.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, No.24 South Sect. 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, People's Republic of China ; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-oil Production and Application, Chengdu, Sichuan China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, No.24 South Sect. 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, People's Republic of China ; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-oil Production and Application, Chengdu, Sichuan China.
authors.forename: Qiuxia
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, No.24 South Sect. 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, People's Republic of China ; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-oil Production and Application, Chengdu, Sichuan China.
authors.forename: Shancai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lisheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, No.24 South Sect. 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, People's Republic of China ; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-oil Production and Application, Chengdu, Sichuan China.
authors.forename: Yiran
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, No.24 South Sect. 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, People's Republic of China ; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-oil Production and Application, Chengdu, Sichuan China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, No.24 South Sect. 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, People's Republic of China ; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-oil Production and Application, Chengdu, Sichuan China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tang
keywords: Anti-hepatocarcinoma; Antioxidant; Bioactivity-guided screening; Iridoid glycosides; Scrophulariaceae; Veronica ciliata