title: Effects of insulin on peripheral nerves.
abstract: To assess the effects of insulin on peripheral nerve under normoglycemic and hyperglycemic conditions in the presence and absence of anoxia.
  
  
  
  This study uses the in-vitro sciatic nerve model to assess the effect of insulin on peripheral nerve with the nerve action potential (NAP) as an index of nerve function.
  
  
  
  Under normoglycemic conditions, low concentrations of regular insulin (0.01nM) reduced the conduction velocity of oxygenated nerves. Hyperglycemia increased the duration of the NAP and this increase was nearly completely eliminated by insulin in the 0.1nM-100nM concentration range. Insulin (1nM) also had effects on normoglycemic nerves exposed to intermittent anoxia, producing a decrease in the paired-pulse response and NAP amplitude and an increase in peak duration. This was associated with a reduced time to anoxia-induced conduction block. Similar effects were seen when regular insulin was replaced by insulin detemir, but the latter required much higher concentrations.
  
  
  
  Insulin has concentration dependent effects on the peripheral nerve that are dependent on glucose and anoxia. These effects may be important in modulating neuropathic consequences of diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola NY 11530. Electronic address: mmstecker@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stecker
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola NY 11530.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stevenson
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000517:prevention & control; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007328:Insulin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000069057:Insulin Detemir / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D009431:Neural Conduction / Q000187:drug effects; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010477:Perfusion; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012584:Sciatic Nerve
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D000069057:Insulin Detemir
keywords: Anoxia; Diabetes; Glucose; Insulin; Ischemia; Peripheral nerve