title: Importance of cystatin C and uric acid levels in the association of cardiometabolic risk factors in Japanese junior high school students.
abstract: Serum cystatin C (CysC), a novel marker of renal function, is associated with the components of metabolic syndrome in adults. Little is known about the utility of CysC and its association with cardiometabolic risks in young subjects.
  
  
  
  In a cohort of 454 Japanese junior high school students, the distribution of serum CysC levels and associated variables were analyzed. CysC levels were significantly higher in boys than in girls (0.92±0.10mg/L vs. 0.77±0.08mg/L, p<0.001). CysC was significantly correlated with serum creatinine (r=0.473, p<0.001), and serum uric acid (SUA) (r=0.546, p<0.001). Multivariable regression analysis revealed significant associations between CysC and SUA in all subjects (β=0.241, p<0.001), and in boys and girls separately (β=0.264 and 0.240, respectively, both p<0.001). Importantly, subjects with elevation of both serum CysC and SUA levels had the highest ratio of triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
  
  
  
  CysC had significant associations with both creatinine and SUA in Japanese junior high school students. The concomitant elevation of serum CysC and SUA levels was associated with subclinical lipid metabolism dysregulation, and suggested the presence of cardiometabolic risk accumulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
authors.forename: Mikiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan; School of Health Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan. Electronic address: izawa611@shinshu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Izawa
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hidaka
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan; Department of Nursing, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Terasawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirohiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Motoki
authors.affiliation: Saku Central Hospital, Saku, Nagano, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yazaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
authors.forename: Uichi
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hongo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D055316:Cystatin C; D014280:Triglycerides; D014527:Uric Acid; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: Adolescent; Cardiovascular risk; Cystatin C; Serum uric acid