title: A rare case of solitary brain Langerhans cell histiocytosis with intratumoral hemorrhage in a patient affected by Turner syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease involving clonal proliferation of cells with characteristics similar to bone marrow-derived Langerhans cells. The case of a young woman, affected by Turner syndrome and a solitary intraparenchymal LCH associated with an osteolytic lesion of the overlying skull, is presented.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patient, with an insidious history of headache and a growing soft mass in the left frontal region, presented with a sudden generalized tonic-clonic epileptic seizure. Neuroradiological investigations showed an osteolytic lesion of the left frontal bone and an underlying brain lesion associated with recent signs of bleeding. The patient was operated on with a complete removal of the lesion. The postoperative course was uneventful.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clinical, neuroradiological, and intraoperative findings are presented, along with a review of the literature. Although rare, LCH should be considered in the differential diagnosis when a scalp lesion occurs with a progressive growing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiological Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Granata
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiological Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morabito
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BIONEC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grasso
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Pathology, Medical Oncology Unit, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alafaci
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Salpietro
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Concetta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alafaci
keywords: Hemorrhage; Langerhans cell histiocytosis; skull neoplasm