title: Interleukin-25 is detrimental for recovery after spinal cord injury in mice.
abstract: The cytokine, interleukin (IL)-25, is thought to be critically involved in inducing a type 2 immune response which may contribute to regeneration after central nervous system (CNS) trauma. We investigated whether applying recombinant IL-25, locally or systemically, in a mouse model of spinal cord injury (SCI) improves functional and histological recovery.
  
  
  
  Repeated systemic administration of IL-25 did not influence functional recovery following SCI. In contrast, a single local administration of IL-25 significantly worsened locomotor outcome, which was evident from a decreased Basso mouse scale (BMS) score compared with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated controls. This was accompanied by a significant increase in lesion size, demyelination, and T helper cell infiltration.
  
  
  
  These data show for the first time that IL-25 is either ineffective when applied systemically or detrimental to spinal cord recovery when applied locally. Our findings question the potential neuroprotective role of IL-25 following CNS trauma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.|Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Dearbhaile
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dooley
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
authors.forename: Evi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lemmens
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ponsaerts
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium. sven.hendrix@uhasselt.be.
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hendrix
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C491049:Aif1 protein, mouse; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D007378:Interleukins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; C442281:Mydgf protein, mouse; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein
keywords: Basso mouse scale; IL-25; Locomotor recovery; Spinal cord injury; Th1; Th2; Type 2 immune response