title: Effect of mobile application-based versus DVD-based CPR training on students' practical CPR skills and willingness to act: a cluster randomised study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to compare students' practical cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skills and willingness to perform bystander CPR, after a 30 min mobile application (app)-based versus a 50 min DVD-based training.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventh grade students in two Swedish municipalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cluster randomised trial. The classes were randomised to receive app-based or DVD-based training. Willingness to act and practical CPR skills were assessed, directly after training and at 6 months, by using a questionnaire and a PC Skill Reporting System. Data on CPR skills were registered in a modified version of the Cardiff test, where scores were given in 12 different categories, adding up to a total score of 12-48 points. Training and measurements were performed from December 2013 to October 2014.
  
  
  METHODS
  63 classes or 1232 seventh grade students (13-year-old) were included in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary end point was the total score of the modified Cardiff test. The individual variables of the test and self-reported willingness to make a life-saving intervention were secondary end points.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The DVD-based group was superior to the app-based group in CPR skills; a total score of 36 (33-38) vs 33 (30-36) directly after training (p<0.001) and 33 (30-36) and 31 (28-34) at 6 months (p<0.001), respectively. At 6 months, the DVD group performed significantly better in 8 out of 12 CPR skill components. Both groups improved compression depth from baseline to follow-up. If a friend suffered cardiac arrest, 78% (DVD) versus 75% (app) would do compressions and ventilations, whereas only 31% (DVD) versus 32% (app) would perform standard CPR if the victim was a stranger.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At 6 months follow-up, the 50 min DVD-based group showed superior CPR skills compared with the 30 min app-based group. The groups did not differ in regard to willingness to make a life-saving effort.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nord
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Leif
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Svensson
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Håkan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hult
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kreitz-Sandberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lennart
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nilsson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001290:Attitude; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000193:education*; D004505:Education, Nonprofessional / Q000379:methods*; D004521:Educational Measurement; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000628:therapy*; D006379:Helping Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008348:Manikins; D063731:Mobile Applications; D013334:Students; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden; D014741:Video Recording
keywords: CPR training; DVD; Mobile application; students; willingness