title: Vitamin D Status and Cardio-Metabolic Risk in Indian Postmenopausal Women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prevalence of chronic and non-communicable health disorders like cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome is increasing worldwide including in India. The various risk factors for these health issues need to be addressed. The role of vitamin D deficiency in the causation of all these abnormal health conditions among postmenopausal women is a matter of debate now-a-days.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the correlation of serum vitamin D levels with various cardio-metabolic risk factors and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in postmenopausal women (PMW).
  
  
  METHODS
  Total of 64 PMW were included in this cross-sectional study. Clinical (waist circumference, body mass index, blood pressure) and biochemical (fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile and serum 25-hydroxyl vitamin D levels) parameters were measured. MetS was defined using modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP-III) guidelines. Serum 25-hydroxyl vitamin D levels <50 nmol/l, between 52.5-72.5 nmol/l and >75 nmol/l were classified as deficient, insufficient and sufficient, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MetS was prevalent in 33 (52%) subjects. There were no differences in serum vitamin D levels or proportion of vitamin D deficient individuals in those with and without MetS. 33 women (52%) had vitamin D deficiency. Cardio-metabolic risk profile was similar in both vitamin D deficient and replete women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and MetS in Indian PMW, serum vitamin D concentrations do not correlate with the cardio-metabolic risk factors or MetS.
authors.affiliation: Senior Resident, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , Raipur, India.
authors.forename: Subarna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mitra
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , Raipur, India .
authors.forename: Prasanta Kumar
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , Raipur, India .
authors.forename: Sarita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research , Puducherry, India .
authors.forename: Jaya Prakash
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Sahoo
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research , Puducherry, India .
authors.forename: Sadishkumar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamalanathan
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , Raipur, India .
authors.forename: Rachita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nanda
keywords: Dyslipidemia; Hypertension; Obesity