title: Fine-tuning of the mucosal barrier and metabolic systems using the diet-microbial metabolite axis.
abstract: The human intestinal microbiota has profound effects on human physiology, including the development and maintenance of the host immune and metabolic systems. Under physiological conditions, the intestinal microbiota maintains a symbiotic relationship with the host. Abnormalities in the host-microbe relationship, however, have been implicated in multiple disorders such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), metabolic syndrome, and autoimmune diseases. There is a close correlation between dietary factors and the microbial composition in the gut. Long-term dietary habits influence the composition of the gut microbial community and consequently alter microbial metabolic activity. The diet-microbiota axis plays a vital role in the regulation of the host immune system, at least partly through altering microbial metabolism. In this review, we will describe the current findings regarding how dietary factors and microbial metabolites regulate the host immune system.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
authors.forename: Motoyoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; International Research and Developmental Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Obata
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; International Research and Developmental Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan. Electronic address: hase-kj@pha.keio.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hase
mesh_terms: D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000178:diet therapy; D004035:Diet Therapy; D005503:Food Additives / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000382:microbiology*; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000178:diet therapy; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D005503:Food Additives
keywords: Dysbiosis; Intestinal microbiota; Metabolic syndrome; Regulatory T cells; Segmented filamentous bacteria