title: Diversity and Tropism of HIV-1 Rebound Virus Populations in Plasma Level After Treatment Discontinuation.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus-infected people discontinuing therapy experience a rebound in the virus level (hereafter, "rebound virus") from a persistent reservoir. We examined 10 samples from patients in AIDS Clinical Trials Group study A5068 with rebound virus, using single-genome amplification and Primer ID deep sequencing, to assess env genetic diversity of the virus population. Most rebound-virus populations showed significant diversity. All env examined required high levels of CD4 for entry, consistent with selection of replication in CD4(+) T cells. These results indicate that most people discontinuing therapy release a diverse population of virus and that this released virus has entry features of virus selected for replication in CD4(+) T cells, rather than in myeloid cells.
authors.affiliation: Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center.
authors.forename: Maria M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Bednar
authors.affiliation: Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center.
authors.forename: Blake M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.affiliation: Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center.
authors.forename: Shuntai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine and Neuroscience Center of Translational AIDS Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University.
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases.
authors.forename: Joseph J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Eron
authors.affiliation: Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Swanstrom
mesh_terms: D015658:HIV Infections / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology*; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006801:Humans; D010949:Plasma / Q000821:virology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D019562:Viral Load; D056189:Viral Tropism; D028761:Withholding Treatment; D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
keywords: HIV-1; genetic diversity; rebound virus; reservoir; tropism