title: Plasma S100P level as a novel prognostic marker of metastatic breast cancer.
abstract: Metastasis is the main cause of death in breast cancer patients. The development of reliable and cost-effective biomarker to evaluate the prognosis of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients is of great importance. S100P is a member of S100 family and has been proved to be associated with metastasis establishment.
  
  
  
  We investigated the plasma S100P levels in 60 healthy controls, 48 primary and 273 metastatic breast cancer patients. The MBC patients were followed-up for disease progression and death up to 3.5 years after recruitment. Radiographic response of MBC patients were also analyzed for investigation on treatment monitoring value of plasma S100P level. We found a robust association between high plasma S100P level (>7 ng/mL) and poor prognosis of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients (median progression-free survival time: 5.0 vs. 8.7 months, log-rank test p < 0.001; median overall survival time: 22.5 vs. 31.6 months, log-rank test p < 0.001). The plasma S100P level added additional prognostic relevance to the conventional prognostication model with clinicopathological factors and CTC enumeration. The plasma S100P level decreased significantly after treatment, while the reduction correlated with the radiographic response of the MBC patients. This finding indicates the value of plasma S100P in dynamic evaluation of treatment outcome. We hereby suggest plasma S100P level as a simple and cost-effective marker for the prognosis of metastatic breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. c.peng@dkfz.de.|Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. c.peng@dkfz.de.
authors.forename: Cike
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Hongda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.|National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wallwiener
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.|National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Modugno
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.|Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cuk
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.|Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Dharanija
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Madhavan
authors.affiliation: Hi-STEM-Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine, GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany.|Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trumpp
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heil
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Frederik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marmé
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.|National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Juliane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nees
authors.affiliation: Department of Tumor Biology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Riethdorf
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schott
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christof
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.affiliation: Department of Tumor Biology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pantel
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.|National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schneeweiss
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.|Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.|Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, University Women's Clinic University Heidelberg, ImNeuenheimer Feld 440, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Rongxi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Molecular Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.|Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.|Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, University Women's Clinic University Heidelberg, ImNeuenheimer Feld 440, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Burwinkel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C103003:S100P protein, human
keywords: Biomarker; Metastatic breast cancer; Plasma; Prognosis; S100P