title: Who jumps the highest? Anthropometric and physiological correlations of vertical jump in youth elite female volleyball players.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship of vertical jump (Abalakov jump [AJ]) with anthropometric and physiological parameters in youth elite female volleyball players.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-two selected volleyball players from the region of Athens (age 13.3±0.7 years, body mass 62.0±7.2 kg, height 171.5±5.7 cm, body fat 21.2±4.5%), classified into quartiles according to AJ performance (group A, 21.4-26.5 cm; group B, 26.8-29.9 cm; group C, 30.5-33.7 cm; group D, 33.8-45.9 cm), performed a series of physical fitness tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AJ was correlated with anthropometric (age at peak height velocity [APHV]: r=0.38, P<0.001; body mass: r=-0.43, P<0.001; Body Mass Index [BMI]: r=-0.37, P<0.001; body fat percentage [BF]: r=-0.64, P<0.001) and physiological parameters (isometric strength: r=0.50, P<0.001; squat jump [SJ]: r=0.92, P<0.001; countermovement jump [CMJ]: r=0.95, P<0.001, Bosco Test: r=0.70, P<0.001; mean power [Pmean]: r=0.61, P<0.001; Fatigue Index: r=-0.33, P=0.005) in the Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT). A one-way analysis of variance showed significant differences in APHV, chronological age, body mass, BMI, BF, aerobic capacity (step test and physical working capacity at heart rate 170 bpm), Pmean in the WAnT, isometric strength, SJ, CMJ and 30-s Bosco Test (P<0.05). A Bonferroni post-hoc analysis revealed that group D had older APHV and lower BMI, better aerobic capacity, isometric strength, SJ, CMJ, performance in the Bosco Test, and Pmean in the WAnT, was older and lighter than groups A, B, and C (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both the findings of the comparison among groups differing for AJ and the correlation analysis highlighted the negative role of excess body mass and fat, and the positive role of muscle strength and power on AJ. Also, there was indication that volleyball players that jumped the highest were those who matured later than others.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical and Cultural Education, Hellenic Army Academy, Athens, Greece - pademil@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Pantelis T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Nikolaidis
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Thrace, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gkoudas
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Afonso
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Science, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Vicente J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Clemente-Suarez
authors.affiliation: Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Beat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Knechtle
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Thrace, Greece.
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kasabalis
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Thrace, Greece.
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kasabalis
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Thrace, Greece.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Douda
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Thrace, Greece.
authors.forename: Savvas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tokmakidis
authors.affiliation: Area of Corporal Express, Faculty of Humanities and Science Education, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain.
authors.forename: Gema
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Torres-Luque
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D054798:Volleyball / Q000502:physiology*