title: Relationship Between Active Trigger Points and Head/Neck Posture in Patients with Migraine.
abstract: To investigate the relationship between the presence of active trigger points (TrPs), craniocervical posture, and clinical features (frequency, intensity, and duration) in patients with migraine.
  
  
  
  A cross-sectional study.
  
  
  
  Fifty patients with migraine (90% women; age, 34.1 years) participated. Clinical data regarding migraine (frequency, intensity, and duration) were obtained. Trigger points were bilaterally explored in the following muscles: masseter, suboccipital, temporalis (anterior, medium, and posterior fibers), sternocleidomastoid, upper trapezius, and splenius capitis. Eight measures of head and neck posture were obtained from radiographs using the K-Pacs software.
  
  
  
  Individuals with migraine showed active and latent TrPs in all the muscles, the suboccipital, upper trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, and temporalis muscles being the most affected. The results showed a relationship between the number of active TrPs and several x-ray outcomes, suggesting that the higher number of active TrPs was positively associated with a reduction in cervical lordosis and head extension of the head on the neck. No association between the number of active TrPs and clinical features of migraine was seen.
  
  
  
  Our study supports the hypothesis that active TrPs are associated with reduced cervical lordosis and head extension in individuals with migraine.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences/Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-FMRP-USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil (GNF, JGS); Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences/Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-FMRP-USP/Postgraduate Program of Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil (TCC); Postgraduate Program of Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil (DB-G); Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences/Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-FMRP-USP/Headache and Craniofacial Pain Outpatient Clinic, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil (FD); and Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Spain (CF-P).
authors.forename: Gabriela Natália
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Ferracini
authors.forename: Thaís Cristina
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.forename: Fabíola
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dach
authors.forename: Débora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bevilaqua-Grossi
authors.forename: César
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fernández-de-Las-Peñas
authors.forename: José Geraldo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Speciali
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006257:Head; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology*; D009333:Neck; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D011187:Posture; D061028:Trigger Points; D055815:Young Adult