title: An enduring role for quiescent stem cells.
abstract: The intestine's ability to recover from catastrophic injury requires quiescent intestinal stem cells (q-ISCs). While rapidly cycling (Lgr5+) crypt base columnar (CBC) ISCs normally maintain the intestine, they are highly sensitive to pathological injuries (irradiation, inflammation) and must be restored by q-ISCs to sustain intestinal homeostasis. Despite clear relevance to human health, virtually nothing is known regarding the factors that regulate q-ISCs. A comprehensive understanding of these mechanisms would likely lead to targeted new therapies with profound therapeutic implications for patients with gastrointestinal conditions. We briefly review the current state of the literature, highlighting homeostatic mechanisms important for q-ISC regulation, listing key questions in the field, and offer strategies to address them. Developmental Dynamics 245:718-726, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.|Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Camilla A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Richmond
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.|Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Manasvi S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.|Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.|Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Diana L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Carlone
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.|Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.|Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Breault
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D007422:Intestines / Q000166:cytology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
keywords: dormant; intestinal stem cells; quiescent