title: Hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction as harbingers of systemic disease.
abstract: Prescription sales of Testosterone and erectile aids such as phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors are at an all-time high, underscoring the importance of hypogonadism (HG) and erectile dysfunction (ED) to men's health. The effect of these debilitating conditions has a major impact on the quality of men's lives. Some risk factors for HG or ED including aging, obesity, smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle. Notably, these are the same risk factors for several other medical co-morbidities that contribute to significant morbidity and mortality in men. HG and ED often co-exist with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis. This review will explore these three co-morbidities that overlap with HG and ED, and will provide a review of their relationship with each other.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Urology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA ; 2 Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Kelly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Chiles
keywords: Testosterone; cardiovascular disease; diabetes; erectile dysfunction (ED); osteoporosis