title: Estimation of Apple Intake for the Exposure Assessment of Residual Chemicals Using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Database.
abstract: The aims of this study were to develop strategies and algorithms of calculating food commodity intake suitable for exposure assessment of residual chemicals by using the food intake database of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). In this study, apples and their processed food products were chosen as a model food for accurate calculation of food commodity intakes uthrough the recently developed Korea food commodity intake calculation (KFCIC) software. The average daily intakes of total apples in Korea Health Statistics were 29.60 g in 2008, 32.40 g in 2009, 34.30 g in 2010, 28.10 g in 2011, and 24.60 g in 2012. The average daily intakes of apples by KFCIC software was 2.65 g higher than that by Korea Health Statistics. The food intake data in Korea Health Statistics might have less reflected the intake of apples from mixed and processed foods than KFCIC software has. These results can affect outcome of risk assessment for residual chemicals in foods. Therefore, the accurate estimation of the average daily intake of food commodities is very important, and more data for food intakes and recipes have to be applied to improve the quality of data. Nevertheless, this study can contribute to the predictive estimation of exposure to possible residual chemicals and subsequent analysis for their potential risks.
authors.affiliation: School of Food Science, Kyungil University, Gyeongsan 38428, Korea.
authors.forename: Bumsik
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8793-7696
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Seok
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5947-6797
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea.
authors.forename: Yongmin
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8372-341X
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea.
authors.forename: Jean Kyung
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0393-0353
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Paik
authors.affiliation: Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Residues Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju 28159, Korea.
authors.forename: Moon-Ik
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0935-2080
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Residues Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju 28159, Korea.
authors.forename: Gyu-Seek
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7926-2630
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea.
authors.forename: Sanghoon
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0664-3173
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ko
keywords: Apple intake; Food commodity; KNHANES; Processed food; Residual chemicals