title: Attenuated PGC-1α Isoforms following Endurance Exercise with Blood Flow Restriction.
abstract: Exercise performed with blood flow restriction simultaneously enhances the acute responses to both myogenic and mitochondrial pathways with roles in training adaptation. We investigated isoform-specific gene expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 and selected target genes and proteins regulating skeletal muscle training adaptation.
  
  
  
  Nine healthy, untrained males participated in a randomized, counterbalanced, crossover design in which each subject completed a bout of low-intensity endurance exercise performed with blood flow restriction (15 min cycling at 40% of V˙O2peak, BFR-EE), endurance exercise (30 min cycling at 70% of V˙O2peak, EE), or resistance exercise (4 × 10 repetitions of leg press at 70% of one-repetition maximum) separated by at least 1 wk of recovery. A single resting muscle biopsy (vastus lateralis) was obtained 2 wk before the first exercise trial (rest) and 3 h after each bout.
  
  
  
  Total PGC-1α mRNA abundance, along with all four isoforms, increased above rest with EE only (P < 0.05) being higher than BFR-EE (P < 0.05). PGC-1α1, 2, and 4 were higher after EE compared with resistance exercise (P < 0.05). EE also increased vascular endothelial growth factor, Hif-1α, and MuRF-1 mRNA abundance above rest (P < 0.05), whereas COXIV mRNA expression increased with EE compared with BFR-EE (P < 0.05).
  
  
  
  The attenuated expression of all four PGC-1α isoforms when EE is performed with blood flow restriction suggests this type of exercise provides an insufficient stimulus to activate the signaling pathways governing mitochondrial and angiogenesis responses observed with moderate- to high-intensity EE.
authors.affiliation: 1Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, BRAZIL; 2Laboratory of Neuromuscular Adaptations to Resistance Training, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, BRAZIL; 3School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL; 4Department of Cell Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; 5Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Centre for Exercise and Nutrition, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA; and 6Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, England, UNITED KINGDOM.
authors.forename: Miguel Soares
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Conceição
authors.forename: Mara Patricia Traina
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Chacon-Mikahil
authors.forename: Guilherme Defante
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Telles
authors.forename: Cleiton Augusto
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Libardi
authors.forename: Edson Manoel Mendes
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Júnior
authors.forename: Felipe Cassaro
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Vechin
authors.forename: André Luis Lugnani
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: DE Andrade
authors.forename: Arthur Fernandes
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Gáspari
authors.forename: Patrícia Chakur
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Brum
authors.forename: Cláudia Regina
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Cavaglieri
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Serag
authors.forename: Bruce M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Spiegelman
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hawley
authors.forename: Donny M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Camera
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D010807:Physical Endurance; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D055070:Resistance Training; D000070584:Tripartite Motif Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D009124:Muscle Proteins; C486497:PPARGC1A protein, human; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D000070584:Tripartite Motif Proteins; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C440908:TRIM63 protein, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases