title: Cantharellus chicagoensis sp. nov. is supported by molecular and morphological analysis as a new yellow chanterelle in midwestern United States.
abstract: Recent molecular systematic studies of Cantharellus cibarius sensu lato have revealed previously unknown species in different regions of North America. This study investigates yellow chanterelles in the Midwest using phylogenetic analysis of three DNA regions: nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) and 28S sequences and translation elongation factor 1α gene (EF1α). This analysis reveals a locally common taxon Cantharellus chicagoensis sp. nov. as distinct from sympatric species present in northeastern Illinois, northwestern Indiana and Wisconsin. This chanterelle features a pileus that often has a greenish yellow margin when immature, a squamulose disk when mature, a yellow spore print and the absence of a fragrant odor. Multiple Cantharellus specimens group with C. flavus and C. phasmatis, expanding their known range, and others with C. roseocanus Our observations highlight the diversity of Cantharellus in midwestern USA and further document the need for additional systematic focus on the region's fungi.
authors.affiliation: Gantz Family Collections Center, Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605 mycoguide@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Patrick R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Leacock
authors.affiliation: Master of Fine Arts in Writing Program, School of the Art Institute of Chicago, 37 South Wabash Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60603.
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Riddell
authors.affiliation: Plant Conservation Science, Chicago Botanic Garden, 1000 Lake Cook Road, Glencoe, Illinois 60022.
authors.forename: Andrew W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Program in Plant Biology and Conservation, Northwestern University, 633 Clark Street, Evanston, Illinois 60201, and Chicago Botanic Garden, 1000 Lake Cook Road, Glencoe, Illinois 60022.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Program in Plant Biology and Conservation, Northwestern University, 633 Clark Street, Evanston, Illinois 60201, and Chicago Botanic Garden, 1000 Lake Cook Road, Glencoe, Illinois 60022.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.affiliation: Plant Conservation Science, Chicago Botanic Garden, 1000 Lake Cook Road, Glencoe, Illinois 60022.
authors.forename: Gregory M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Mueller
mesh_terms: D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D015146:Midwestern United States; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1; D010802:Phylogeny; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S
keywords: Cantharellales; Cantharellus cibarius; diversity; phylogeny; taxonomy