title: Cholesterol-based cationic liposome increases dsRNA protection of yellow head virus infection in Penaeus vannamei.
abstract: Protection of shrimp from yellow head virus (YHV) infection has been demonstrated by injection and oral delivery of dsRNA-YHV protease gene (dsYHV) or shrimp endogenous gene (dsRab7). However, to achieve complete viral suppression and to prolong dsRNA activity, the development of an effective dsRNA delivery system is required. In this study, four cationic liposomes were synthesized and tested for their ability to increase dsRNA efficiency. The results demonstrated that entrapping dsYHV in a cholesterol-based cationic liposome gave the best protection against YHV infection when compared with other cationic lipids. The cholesterol-based cationic liposome-dsYHV (Chol-dsYHV) complex conferred YHV protection in a dose-dependent manner. Injection with Chol-dsYHV at 0.05μg dsYHV/g shrimp could give comparable level of YHV protection to the injection with 1.25μg naked dsYHV/g shrimp. The shrimp injected with Chol- dsYHV at 1.25μg dsRNA/g shrimp showed only 50% mortality at 60days post injection whereas the naked dsYHV at the same concentration gave 90% mortality. Thus, the liposome-entrapped dsYHV could lower an effective dsRNA concentration in viral protection and prolong dsRNA activity. In addition, encapsulating dsRab7 in the cholesterol-based cationic liposome could protect the dsRab7 from enzymatic digestion, and continuous feeding the shrimp with the diet formulated with the liposome-entrapped dsRab7 for 4days in the total of 960μg dsRab7/g shrimp could enhance YHV protection efficiency compared with the naked dsRab7. Our studies reveal that cholesterol-based cationic liposome is a promising dsRNA carrier to enhance dsRNA efficiency in both injection and oral delivery systems.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
authors.forename: Poohrawind
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sanitt
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand.
authors.forename: Nuttapon
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Apiratikul
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand.
authors.forename: Nattisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Niyomtham
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand.
authors.forename: Boon-Ek
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Yingyongnarongkul
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
authors.forename: Wanchai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Assavalapsakul
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
authors.forename: Sakol
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Panyim
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand. Electronic address: apinunt.udo@mahidol.ac.th.
authors.forename: Apinunt
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Udomkit
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000737:chemistry*; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D030341:Nidovirales Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000821:virology*; D034622:RNA Interference / Q000187:drug effects; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000378:metabolism*; D046828:Roniviridae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D008081:Liposomes; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Cationic liposome; Double-stranded RNA delivery; RNA interference; Shrimp; Yellow head virus