title: Propranolol-induced gingival hyperplasia with Nager syndrome: A rare adverse drug reaction.
abstract: Drug reactions are a group of reactionary lesions generally show their manifestations in the oral cavity. The drug reactions may vary from local rashes to well-developed swellings in the oral cavity especially involving the gingiva. Most of the drug reactions are asymptomatic and commonly triggered from the active metabolite of a drug used for a long time. Nager syndrome is a group of acrofacial dysostosis that usually results in craniofacial and limb malformations. The craniofacial defects are very similar to the mandibulofacial dysostosis. A very early intervention is needed for the habilitation of the patient especially when it is concerned with speech and language development. This paper reports a case of a 32-year-old female with craniofacial, limb, and skeletal abnormalities along with a drug-induced gingival hyperplasia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Al Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Syed Ahamed
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Raheel
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Al Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Omar Bashar
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Kujan
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Al Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Bassel
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tarakji
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Sciences, Al Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Dilshad
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Umar
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Sciences, Al Farabi Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Salah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
keywords: Acrofacial dysostosis; Nager syndrome; gingival hyperplasia