title: Population transcriptomics uncovers the regulation of gene expression variation in adaptation to changing environment.
abstract: Expression variation plays an important role in plant adaptation, but little is known about the factors impacting the expression variation when population adapts to changing environment. We used RNA-seq data from 80 individuals in 14 Miscanthus lutarioriparius populations, which were transplanted into a harsh environment from native habitat, to investigate the expression level, expression diversity and genetic diversity for genes expressed in both environments. The expression level of genes with lower expression level or without SNP tended to be more changeable in new environment, which suggested highly expressed genes experienced stronger purifying selection than those at lower level. Low proportion of genes with population effect confirmed the weak population structure and frequent gene flow in these populations. Meanwhile, the number of genes with environment effect was the most frequent compared with that with population effect. Our results showed that environment and genetic diversity were the main factors determining gene expression variation in population. This study could facilitate understanding the mechanisms of global gene expression variation when plant population adapts to changing environment.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Caiyun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Yangyang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Shilai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Speciality Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.|State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sang
mesh_terms: D000220:Adaptation, Biological; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006109:Poaceae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA