title: Interactions between polyphenols in thinned young apples and porcine pancreatic α-amylase: Inhibition, detailed kinetics and fluorescence quenching.
abstract: Young apple polyphenols (YAP) and nine types of phenolic compounds were investigated regarding the inhibitory activity against porcine pancreatic α-amylase (PPA) in vitro. Tannic acid, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid in YAP showed relatively high inhibition with the IC50 values of 0.30, 1.96 and 3.69mg/mL, respectively. A detailed kinetics of inhibition study revealed that YAP and tannic acid were competitive inhibitors of PPA, whereas chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid were mixed inhibitors, exhibiting both competitive and uncompetitive characteristics. The fluorescence of PPA could be significantly quenched by YAP and the three polyphenols, and their quenching constants were determined. The results showed that for the polyphenols investigated, the order of the apparent static quenching constants (KFQ) was in agreement with that of the reciprocal competitive inhibition constants (1/Kic) (tannic acid>chlorogenic acid>caffeic acid>epicatechin); both of the parameters were contrary to the order of the IC50 values. Thus, combining detailed kinetics and fluorescence quenching studies can be applied to characterise the interactions between polyphenols in young apples and α-amylase.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nutrition and Food Science, Queensland Alliance for Agricultural and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China.
authors.forename: Lijun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China.
authors.forename: Weiqi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China.
authors.forename: Yonghong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China.
authors.forename: Xingbin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China. Electronic address: yrguo730@snnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yurong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Frederick J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gidley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D002392:Catechin / Q000378:metabolism; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005453:Fluorescence; D027845:Malus / Q000378:metabolism*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000378:metabolism; D055292:Pancreatic alpha-Amylases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010636:Phenols / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine; D013634:Tannins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002109:Caffeic Acids; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols; D013634:Tannins; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D002392:Catechin; D055292:Pancreatic alpha-Amylases; C040048:caffeic acid
keywords: Detailed kinetics; Fluorescence quenching; Young apple polyphenols; α-Amylase inhibition