title: Portal-drained viscera heat production in Iberian pigs fed betaine- and conjugated linoleic acid-supplemented diets.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Betaine and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) may alter growth and body composition in pigs, although their mode of action is not well understood. Portal-drained viscera (PDV) have a disproportionate influence with respect to their masses, and this may affect the productivity of more profitable tissues. The objective of this study was to determine if the use of betaine and/or CLA in the diet affects PDV heat production.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postprandial portal blood flow (PBF) was greater (19.0%, P = 0.004) for control compared with the other three diets. The lowest (P < 0.001) value for postprandial PDV O2consumption corresponded to betaine + CLA followed by betaine and CLA diets (32.7, 25.4 and 17.7% respectively with respect to control diet). Postprandial PDV heat production was greater (26.4%, P < 0.001) for control with respect to the other three diets, with the minimum value corresponding to betaine + CLA (34.1% lower than control).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supplementation with betaine and/or CLA reduced the PBF, O2consumption and therefore PDV heat production with respect to control diet. This effect was more pronounced when betaine and CLA were supplemented together, potentially increasing the energy availability for other body tissues. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Nutrition, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Camino del Jueves s/n, E-18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: María Luz
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Rojas-Cano
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Nutrition, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Camino del Jueves s/n, E-18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lachica
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Nutrition, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Camino del Jueves s/n, E-18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lara
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Nutrition, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Camino del Jueves s/n, E-18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haro
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Nutrition, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Camino del Jueves s/n, E-18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fernández-Fígares
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017849:Animals, Inbred Strains; D001622:Betaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D009919:Orchiectomy / Q000662:veterinary; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D011168:Portal System / Q000502:physiology; D019518:Postprandial Period; D011897:Random Allocation; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D013030:Spain; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D014781:Viscera / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D001622:Betaine
keywords: CLA; betaine; energy; heat production; pig; portal-drained viscera