title: Dermatophytosis among Schoolchildren in Three Eco-climatic Zones of Mali.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dermatophytosis, and particularly the subtype tinea capitis, is common among African children; however, the risk factors associated with this condition are poorly understood. To describe the epidemiology of dermatophytosis in distinct eco-climatic zones, three cross-sectional surveys were conducted in public primary schools located in the Sahelian, Sudanian and Sudano-Guinean eco-climatic zones in Mali.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 590 children (average age 9.7 years) the overall clinical prevalence of tinea capitis was 39.3%. Tinea capitis prevalence was 59.5% in the Sudano-Guinean zone, 41.6% in the Sudanian zone and 17% in the Sahelian eco-climatic zone. Microsporum audouinii was isolated primarily from large and/or microsporic lesions. Trichophyton soudanense was primarily isolated from trichophytic lesions. Based on the multivariate analysis, tinea capitis was independently associated with male gender (OR = 2.51, 95%CI [1.74-3.61], P<10(-4)) and residing in the Sudano-Guinean eco-climatic zone (OR = 7.45, 95%CI [4.63-11.99], P<10(-4)). Two anthropophilic dermatophytes species, Trichophyton soudanense and Microsporum audouinii, were the most frequent species associated with tinea capitis among primary schoolchildren in Mali.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tinea capitis risk increased with increasing climate humidity in this relatively homogenous schoolchild population in Mali, which suggests a significant role of climatic factors in the epidemiology of dermatophytosis.
authors.affiliation: IP-TPT UMR MD3, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.|Département d'Épidémiologie des Affections Parasitaires/Malaria Research and Training Center, Faculté de Médecine, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et Technologies de Bamako, Bamako, Mali.
authors.forename: Oumar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Coulibaly
authors.affiliation: Département d'Épidémiologie des Affections Parasitaires/Malaria Research and Training Center, Faculté de Médecine, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et Technologies de Bamako, Bamako, Mali.
authors.forename: Abdoulaye K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Kone
authors.affiliation: Département d'Épidémiologie des Affections Parasitaires/Malaria Research and Training Center, Faculté de Médecine, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et Technologies de Bamako, Bamako, Mali.
authors.forename: Safiatou
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Niaré-Doumbo
authors.affiliation: Département d'Épidémiologie des Affections Parasitaires/Malaria Research and Training Center, Faculté de Médecine, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et Technologies de Bamako, Bamako, Mali.
authors.forename: Siaka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goïta
authors.affiliation: SESSTIM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale / Institut de Recherche pour le Développement / Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gaudart
authors.affiliation: Département d'Épidémiologie des Affections Parasitaires/Malaria Research and Training Center, Faculté de Médecine, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et Technologies de Bamako, Bamako, Mali.
authors.forename: Abdoulaye A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Djimdé
authors.affiliation: IP-TPT UMR MD3, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.|Parasitologie & Mycologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Renaud
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Piarroux
authors.affiliation: Département d'Épidémiologie des Affections Parasitaires/Malaria Research and Training Center, Faculté de Médecine, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et Technologies de Bamako, Bamako, Mali.
authors.forename: Ogobara K
authors.initials: OK
authors.lastname: Doumbo
authors.affiliation: Département d'Épidémiologie des Affections Parasitaires/Malaria Research and Training Center, Faculté de Médecine, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et Technologies de Bamako, Bamako, Mali.
authors.forename: Mahamadou A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Thera
authors.affiliation: IP-TPT UMR MD3, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.|Parasitologie & Mycologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3293-5276
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ranque
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002980:Climate; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006813:Humidity; D008297:Male; D008302:Mali / Q000453:epidemiology; D008864:Microsporum / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012574:Schools; D012737:Sex Factors; D013334:Students; D014005:Tinea / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014249:Trichophyton / Q000302:isolation & purification*