title: Actinic Keratosis Pathogenesis Update and New Patents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Actinic keratosis is a common premalignant skin lesion. Because of its increasing incidence, several efforts have been made to earlier detectection and to improve knowledge on photocarcinogenic pathways of keratinocytes. As a consequence, recently new discoveries have been done in this field.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Starting from our previous review on actinic keratosis, we reviewed the literature focusing on pathogenesis and new patents in order to highlight the most recent progresses in diagnosis and therapeutic approach.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although several efforts have been done in the field of photodamaged skin, new upgrades in diagnosis and therapy are needed to detect superficial actinic keratosis earlier, to improve the disease free survival of patient and to better treat the field cancerization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy. cantisanicarmen@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cantisani
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paolino
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Melis
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Faina
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Romaniello
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Didona
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cardone
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Calvieri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055808:Drug Discovery; D006801:Humans; D055623:Keratosis, Actinic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010330:Patents as Topic; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents