title: The anti-inflammatory effect of Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil (Mate) in a murine model of pleurisy.
abstract: Ilex paraguariensis is a native plant from Southern America, where it is used as a beverage. In traditional medicine, it is used to treat many diseases including inflammation. However, we do not yet know precisely how this effect occurs. We therefore evaluated its anti-inflammatory effect in a murine model of pleurisy. The standardized CE, BF and ARF fractions, Caf, Rut and CGA were able to reduce leukocyte migration, exudate concentration, MPO and ADA activities and NOx levels. Moreover, I. paraguariensis also inhibited the release of Th1/Th17 pro-inflammatory cytokines, while increasing IL-10 production and improving the histological architecture of inflamed lungs. In addition, its major compounds decreased p65 NF-κB phosphorylation. Based on our results, we can conclude that I. paraguariensis exerts its anti-inflammatory action by attenuating the Th1/Th17 polarization in this model. This fact suggests that the use of this plant as a beverage can protect against Th1/Th17 inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis, Centre of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianopolis, Brazil. Electronic address: anaaabia@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ana Beatriz Gobbo
authors.initials: ABG
authors.lastname: Luz
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Centre of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianopolis, Brazil. Electronic address: carloshblum@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Carlos Henrique Blum
authors.initials: CHB
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis, Centre of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianopolis, Brazil. Electronic address: mmmarcusster@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Marcus Vinicius P S
authors.initials: MVPS
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis, Centre of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianopolis, Brazil. Electronic address: brunomatheusfacchin@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Bruno Matheus
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: de Campos Facchin
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis, Centre of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianopolis, Brazil. Electronic address: bruhb90@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Bruna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Baratto
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis, Centre of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianopolis, Brazil. Electronic address: tania.frode@ufsc.br.
authors.forename: Tânia Silvia
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Fröde
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Centre of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianopolis, Brazil. Electronic address: flavio.reginatto@ufsc.br.
authors.forename: Flávio Henrique
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Reginatto
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis, Centre of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianopolis, Brazil; Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy. Electronic address: eduardo.dalmarco@ufsc.br.
authors.forename: Eduardo Monguilhott
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Dalmarco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002110:Caffeine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D030019:Ilex paraguariensis / Q000276:immunology*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010998:Pleurisy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012431:Rutin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013020:South America; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D016753:Interleukin-10; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D002110:Caffeine; D012431:Rutin
keywords: Anti-inflammatory; Carrageenan; Ilex paraguariensis; Pleurisy; Th1/Th17 polarization