title: Predicting Factors for Successful Maturation of Autogenous Haemodialysis Fistulas After Salvage Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty in Diabetic Nephropathy: A Study on Follow-Up Doppler Ultrasonography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Maturation failure of autogenous arteriovenous fistula (aAVF) has been increasing after surgical procedures and the salvage percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (sPTA) for immature aAVF has been identified as an effective treatment modality.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to identify factors predicting successful aAVF maturation and to determine positive technical aspects of sPTA.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed medical records and radiological images of 59 patients who had undergone sPTA for non-maturing aAVFs. We analysed images from pre-surgical mapping Doppler ultrasonography, angiography, and angioplasty and follow-up Doppler ultrasonography performed within two weeks after sPTA. We assessed the following factors, for their ability to predict successful aAVF maturation: 1) patient factors (age; sex; co-morbidities; and aAVF age, side and type); 2) vessel factors (cephalic vein diameter and depth, presence of accessory veins, and pre- and postoperative radial artery disease); 3) lesion factors (stenosis number, location and severity); and 4) technical factors (presence of residual stenosis and anatomic success ratio (ASR) on follow-up Doppler ultrasonography).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The technical and clinical success rates were both 94.9% (56/59); the mean ASR was 0.84. An ASR of ≥ 0.7 and no significant residual stenosis (< 30%) (both P < 0.001) on two-week follow-up Doppler ultrasonography predicted successful aAVF maturation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For more precise prediction of successful aAVF maturation after sPTA, short-term follow-up Doppler ultrasonography (< 2 weeks) was useful. If the ASR was < 0.7 or if residual stenosis was ≥ 30%, immediate repeat sPTA is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Sheikh Khalifa Specialty Hospital, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.
authors.forename: Eui-Yong
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kangdong Seong-Sim Hospital , Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Kwon
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Korea University Anam Hospital , Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Bum
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kangdong Seong-Sim Hospital , Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Young
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Police Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seong O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Suh
keywords: Angioplasty; Arteriovenous Fistula; Autologous Transplantation; Doppler Ultrasonography