title: Laboratory studies of insecticide efficacy and resistance in Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) populations from British Columbia, Canada.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spotted wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), control can be improved with better knowledge of insecticide efficacy, timing of sprays and rotations with registered products during the crop year. An efficacy bioassay was applied to study the dose response of adult laboratory-reared SWD collected from a cherry orchard in British Columbia (BC), Canada, to 11 insecticides.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age- and sex-specific toxicities with the most effective insecticide, malathion, determined that older male SWD were significantly more susceptible than females. The selection for polygenic resistance to malathion using repeated exposure to sublethal concentrations with both the original and an additional blueberry-collected population of laboratory-reared SWD determined no significant difference in susceptibility after 30 generations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Possible reasons reported in D. melanogaster studies where resistance did not occur after insecticide selection included avoidance and associated microbial complexes. The low level of malathion resistance observed in the selected SWD populations and a field-collected population is useful information in the development of insecticide resistance management programmes. © 2016 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada Pest Management Science © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland Research and Development Centre, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Smirle
authors.affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland Research and Development Centre, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Cheryl L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Zurowski
authors.affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland Research and Development Centre, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Murali-Mohan
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ayyanath
authors.affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London Research and Development Center, London, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Ian M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland Research and Development Centre, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Kenna E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: MacKenzie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001955:British Columbia; D004330:Drosophila; D005260:Female; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods; D007305:Insecticide Resistance; D007306:Insecticides; D008294:Malathion; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D008294:Malathion
keywords: D. suzukii; insecticides; laboratory bioassays; microbial association; resistance