title: Synthesis and amylin receptor activity of glycomimetics of pramlintide using click chemistry.
abstract: Pramlintide (Symlin®), a synthetic analogue of the neuroendocrine hormone amylin, is devoid of the tendency to form cytotoxic amyloid fibrils and is currently used in patients with type I and type II diabetes mellitus as an adjunctive therapy with insulin or insulin analogues. As part of an on-going search for a pramlintide analogue with improved pharmacokinetic properties, we herein report the synthesis of mono- and di-glycosylated analogues of pramlintide and their activity at the AMY1(a) receptor. Introduction of N-glycosylated amino acids into the pramlintide sequence afforded the native N-linked glycomimetics whilst use of Cu(i)-catalysed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (click) chemistry delivered 1,2,3-triazole linked glycomimetics. AMY1(a) receptor activity was retained by incorporation of single or multiple GlcNAc moieties at positions 21 and 35 of native pramlintide. Importantly, no difference in AMY1(a) activity was observed between native N-linked glycomimetics and 1,2,3-triazole linked glycomimetics demonstrating that the click variants can act as surrogates for the native N-glycosides in a biological setting.
authors.affiliation: The School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, 3A Symonds St, Auckland 1010, New Zealand. dl.hay@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: Lauren R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Yule
authors.forename: Rebekah L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Bower
authors.forename: Harveen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kowalczyk
authors.forename: Debbie L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hay
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Brimble
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D057930:Click Chemistry; D006031:Glycosylation; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D058287:Receptors, Islet Amyloid Polypeptide / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D058287:Receptors, Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; C105254:pramlintide