title: Bacteria-Mediated Hypoxia-Specific Delivery of Nanoparticles for Tumors Imaging and Therapy.
abstract: The hypoxia region in a solid tumor has been recognized as a complex microenvironment revealing very low oxygen concentration and deficient nutrients. The hypoxic environment reduces the susceptibility of the cancer cells to anticancer drugs, low response of free radicals, and less proliferation of cancer cells in the center of the solid tumors. However, the reduced oxygen surroundings provide an appreciable habitat for anaerobic bacteria to colonize. Here, we present the bacteria-mediated targeting hypoxia to offer the expandable spectra for diagnosis and therapy in cancer diseases. Two delivery approaches involving a cargo-carrying method and an antibody-directed method were designed to deliver upconversion nanorods for imaging and Au nanorods for photothermal ablation upon near-infrared light excitation for two forms of the anaerobic Bifidobacterium breve and Clostridium difficile. The antibody-directed strategy shows the most effective treatment giving stronger imaging and longer retention period and effective therapy to completely remove tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Ting
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Hao
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chen-Sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Yeh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000737:chemistry; D000069984:Bifidobacterium breve / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016360:Clostridioides difficile / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D004337:Drug Carriers; D065546:Drug Liberation; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D064593:Heterografts; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008819:Mice, Nude; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D010316:Particle Size; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D000072258:Tumor Hypoxia
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D004337:Drug Carriers; D006046:Gold
keywords: Microbot; gold nanorod; hyperthermia; hypoxia; upconversion nanoparticle