title: Molecular Characterization of Two Major Dengue Outbreaks in Costa Rica.
abstract: Dengue virus (DENV) (Flavivirus, Flaviviridae) is a reemerging arthropod-borne virus with a worldwide circulation, transmitted mainly by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Since the first detection of its main transmitting vector in 1992 and the invasion of DENV-1 in 1993, Costa Rica has faced dengue outbreaks yearly. In 2007 and 2013, Costa Rica experienced two of the largest outbreaks in terms of total and severe cases. To provide genetic information about the etiologic agents producing these outbreaks, we conducted phylogenetic analysis of viruses isolated from human samples. A total of 23 DENV-1 and DENV-2 sequences were characterized. These analyses signaled that DENV-1 genotype V and DENV-2 American/Asian genotype were circulating in those outbreaks. Our results suggest that the 2007 and 2013 outbreak viral strains of DENV-1 and DENV-2 originated from nearby countries and underwent in situ microevolution.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET) (Research Center for Tropical Diseases), Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Soto-Garita
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET) (Research Center for Tropical Diseases), Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica. Molecular Diagnostics Unit, Hospital Mexico, Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social, San José, Costa Rica.
authors.forename: Teresita
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Somogyi
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET) (Research Center for Tropical Diseases), Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica. Conservation Genetics, School of Biology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vicente-Santos
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET) (Research Center for Tropical Diseases), Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica. eugenia.corrales@ucr.ac.cr.
authors.forename: Eugenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Corrales-Aguilar
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes; D000818:Animals; D003364:Costa Rica / Q000453:epidemiology; D003715:Dengue / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000821:virology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral