title: Mitochondrial remodeling: Rearranging, recycling, and reprogramming.
abstract: Mitochondria are highly dynamic and responsive organelles that respond to environmental cues with fission and fusion. They undergo mitophagy and biogenesis, and are subject to extensive post-translational modifications. Calcium plays an important role in regulating mitochondrial functions. Mitochondria play a central role in metabolism of glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids, and generate ATP with effects on redox poise, oxidative stress, pH, and other metabolites including acetyl-CoA and NAD(+) which in turn have effects on chromatin remodeling. The complex interplay of mitochondria, cytosolic factors, and the nucleus ensure a well-coordinated response to environmental stresses.
authors.affiliation: Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States. Electronic address: Roberta.Gottlieb@cshs.org.
authors.forename: Roberta A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Gottlieb
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology) and the Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bernstein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: Biogenesis; Fission; Fusion; Metabolism; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial unfolded protein response; Mitophagy; Retrograde signaling