title: Molecular evidence of undescribed Ceratonova sp. (Cnidaria: Myxosporea) in the freshwater polychaete, Manayunkia speciosa, from western Lake Erie.
abstract: We used PCR to screen pooled individuals of Manayunkia speciosa from western Lake Erie, Michigan, USA for myxosporean parasites. Amplicons from positive PCRs were sequenced and showed a Ceratonova species in an estimated 1.1% (95% CI=0.46%, 1.8%) of M. speciosa individuals. We sequenced 18S, ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2 and most of the 28S rDNA regions of this Ceratonova sp., and part of the protein-coding EF2 gene. Phylogenetic analyses of ribosomal and EF2 sequences showed the Lake Erie Ceratonova sp. is most similar to, but genetically distinct from, Ceratonova shasta. Marked interspecific polymorphism in all genes examined, including the ITS barcoding genes, along with geographic location suggests this is an undescribed Ceratonova species. COI sequences showed M. speciosa individuals in Michigan and California are the same species. These findings represent a third parasite in the genus Ceratonova potentially hosted by M. speciosa.
authors.affiliation: Francis Marion University, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 100547, Florence, SC 29502, USA. Electronic address: dmalakauskas@fmarion.edu.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Malakauskas
authors.affiliation: Francis Marion University, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 100547, Florence, SC 29502, USA. Electronic address: rsnipes2382@g.fmarion.edu.
authors.forename: R Benjamin
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Snipes
authors.affiliation: Francis Marion University, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 100547, Florence, SC 29502, USA. Electronic address: athompson4804@g.fmarion.edu.
authors.forename: Ann M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center, 1451 Green Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA. Electronic address: dschloesser@usgs.gov.
authors.forename: Donald W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Schloesser
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017125:Genes, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics; D060106:Lakes / Q000469:parasitology; D008824:Michigan; D055764:Myxozoa / Q000235:genetics*; D010273:Parasitic Diseases, Animal / Q000469:parasitology; D010802:Phylogeny; D011077:Polychaeta / Q000469:parasitology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
keywords: Aquatic; Barcoding; COI; ITS; Myxozoa; Phylogeny