title: Organic honey supplementation reverses pesticide-induced genotoxicity by modulating DNA damage response.
abstract: Glyphosate (GLY) and organophosphorus insecticides such as chlorpyrifos (CPF) may cause DNA damage and cancer in exposed individuals through mitochondrial dysfunction. Polyphenols ubiquitously present in fruits and vegetables, have been viewed as antioxidant molecules, but also influence mitochondrial homeostasis. Here, honey containing polyphenol compounds was evaluated for its potential protective effect on pesticide-induced genotoxicity.
  
  
  
  Honey extracts from four floral organic sources were evaluated for their polyphenol content, antioxidant activity, and potential protective effects on pesticide-related mitochondrial destabilization, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species formation, and DNA damage response in human bronchial epithelial and neuronal cells. The protective effect of honey was, then evaluated in a residential population chronically exposed to pesticides. The four honey types showed a different polyphenol profile associated with a different antioxidant power. The pesticide-induced mitochondrial dysfunction parallels ROS formation from mitochondria (mtROS) and consequent DNA damage. Honey extracts efficiently inhibited pesticide-induced mtROS formation, and reduced DNA damage by upregulation of DNA repair through NFR2. Honey supplementation enhanced DNA repair activity in a residential population chronically exposed to pesticides, which resulted in a marked reduction of pesticide-induced DNA lesions.
  
  
  
  These results provide new insight regarding the effect of honey containing polyphenols on pesticide-induced DNA damage response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology Research Unit, IRCCS Orthopaedic Institute Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy. rena.alleva@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alleva
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Manzella
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gaetani
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ciarapica
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bracci
authors.affiliation: Interdepartmental Centre of Agri-food Industrial Research, University of Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Fiorenza
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Caboni
authors.affiliation: Interdepartmental Centre of Agri-food Industrial Research, University of Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pasini
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Monaco
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amati
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology Research Unit, IRCCS Orthopaedic Institute Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Battista
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Borghi
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomasetti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002460:Cell Line; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006722:Honey / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis; D036401:Toxicity Tests, Chronic
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; C495635:NFE2L2 protein, human; D010575:Pesticides; D059808:Polyphenols
keywords: DNA damage response; Mitochondria; Organic honey; Pesticides; Polyphenols