title: Long-wavelength analyte-sensitive luminescent probes and optical (bio)sensors.
abstract: Long-wavelength luminescent probes and sensors become increasingly popular. They offer the advantage of lower levels of autofluorescence in most biological probes. Due to high penetration depth and low scattering of red and NIR light such probes potentially enablein vivomeasurements in tissues and some of them have already reached a high level of reliability required for such applications. This review focuses on the recent progress in development and application of long-wavelength analyte-sensitive probes which can operate both reversibly and irreversibly. Photophysical properties, sensing mechanisms, advantages and limitations of individual probes are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria sergey.borisov@tugraz.at.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Staudinger
authors.affiliation: Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010, Graz, Austria sergey.borisov@tugraz.at.
authors.forename: Sergey M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Borisov
keywords: long-wavelength; luminescence; near-infrared; probe; sensor