title: Electrodialysis heterogeneous ion exchange membranes modified by SiO2 nanoparticles: fabrication and electrochemical characterization.
abstract: In the current study mixed matrix heterogeneous cation exchange membranes were prepared by solution casting technique. The effect of SiO(2) nanoparticles in the polymeric solution on the physicochemical properties of prepared membranes was studied. Scanning optical microscope images showed uniform particle distribution and relatively uniform surfaces for the prepared membranes. The membrane water content was reduced by silica nanoparticles in the membranes' matrix. The membrane ion exchange capacity, membrane potential, transport number and selectivity were improved initially by an increase of SiO(2) nanoparticles concentration up to 1%wt in prepared membranes and then showed a decreasing trend with a further increase in additive ratio from 1 to 4%wt. The ionic permeability and flux were also decreased initially by an increase of silica nanoparticles concentration up to 0.5%wt in the membrane matrix and then increased again with a further increase in nanoparticles concentration from 0.5 to 4%wt. Moreover, the results exhibited that using silica nanoparticles in the membrane matrix caused an obvious decrease in areal electrical resistance. The opposite trend was found for membrane mechanical strength using SiO(2) nanoparticles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran E-mail: Sayedmohsen_Hosseini@yahoo.com; S-Hosseini@Araku.ac.ir.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran E-mail: Sayedmohsen_Hosseini@yahoo.com; S-Hosseini@Araku.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ahmadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran E-mail: Sayedmohsen_Hosseini@yahoo.com; S-Hosseini@Araku.ac.ir.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nemati
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran E-mail: Sayedmohsen_Hosseini@yahoo.com; S-Hosseini@Araku.ac.ir.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Parvizian
authors.affiliation: Membrane Research Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah 67149, Iran.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Madaeni
mesh_terms: D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D007474:Ion Exchange; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D010539:Permeability; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D012996:Solutions; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011108:Polymers; D012996:Solutions; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; D012822:Silicon Dioxide