title: Utility of a Virtual Trier Social Stress Test: Initial Findings and Benchmarking Comparisons.
abstract: The Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) is one of the most widely used laboratory-based acute psychosocial stressors. However, there may be advantages to conducting the TSST through the virtual world, including reducing the cost and burden (i.e., no need for colocation between the evaluators and participants). The virtual TSST might also increase the standardization between studies and provide the capacity to bring psychology experiments to more settings (e.g., the home, the magnetic resonance imaging scanner).
  
  
  
  Fifty undergraduate students participated in the TSST conducted through an online virtual reality program, using a computer screen and microphone/earphone headset.
  
  
  
  The present study found that the virtual TSST produced a significant acute stress response, measured both through cortisol (F(1,128) = 31.91, p < .001) and subjective report (F(1,148) = 72.86, p < .001). In addition, this method differentially produced a dampened cortisol response (F(1,126) = 4.41, p < .04) in those who had experienced recent loss (e.g., bereavement, romantic breakup, homesickness), similar to prior research.
  
  
  
  Virtual reality-based administration of the TSST and other mental challenge protocols increases the possibilities of many standard psychological experiments relevant to biobehavioral research.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
authors.forename: Monica A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Fallon
authors.forename: Jesus Serrano
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Careaga
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Sbarra
authors.forename: Mary-Frances
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: OʼConnor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019985:Benchmarking / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000592:standards*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012463:Saliva; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone