title: Thyroid Hormone Disruption by Water-Accommodated Fractions of Crude Oil and Sediments Affected by the Hebei Spirit Oil Spill in Zebrafish and GH3 Cells.
abstract: A crude oil and the coastal sediments that were affected by the Hebei Spirit Oil Spill (HSOS) of Taean, Korea were investigated for thyroid hormone disruption potentials. Water-accommodated fractions (WAFs) of Iranian Heavy crude oil, the major oil type of HSOS, and the porewater or leachate of sediment samples collected along the coast line of Taean were tested for thyroid disruption using developing zebrafish and/or rat pituitary GH3 cells. Major polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their alkylated forms were also measured from the test samples. In zebrafish larvae, significant decreases in whole-body thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) levels, along with transcriptional changes of thyroid regulating genes, were observed following 5 day exposure to WAFs. In GH3 cells, transcriptions of thyroid regulating genes were influenced following the exposure to the sediment samples, but the pattern of the regulatory change was different from those observed from the WAFs. Composition of PAHs and their alkylated homologues in the WAFs could partly explain this difference. Our results clearly demonstrate that WAFs of crude oil can disrupt thyroid function of larval zebrafish. Sediment samples also showed thyroid disrupting potentials in the GH3 cell, even several years after the oil spill. Long-term ecosystem consequences of thyroid hormone disruption due to oil spill deserve further investigation.
authors.forename: Sujin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ju Hae
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.affiliation: Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST) , Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: Habyeong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST) , Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Un Hyuk
authors.initials: UH
authors.lastname: Yim
authors.affiliation: Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST) , Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Won Joon
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Jong Seong
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Khim
authors.forename: Dawoon
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Kyungho
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007492:Iran; D010578:Petroleum; D059392:Petroleum Pollution; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D014867:Water; D015027:Zebrafish
chemical_list: D010578:Petroleum; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D014867:Water