title: Different effects of arginine vasopressin on high-mobility group box 1 expression in astrocytes isolated from stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats and congenic SHRpch1_18 rats.
abstract: Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP/Izm) develop severe hypertension and astrocytic oedema following ischaemic stimulation. During ischaemic stress high-mobility group box 1 (Hmgb1) expression in astrocytes is induced, and subsequently potentiates deterioration of the brain due to ischaemic injury, which manifests as both cerebral inflammation and astrocytic oedema. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) induces brain injury and increases astrocytic swelling. After stroke, Hmgb1 and peroxiredoxin (Prx) are released at different times and activate macrophages in the brain via Toll-like receptors (Tlr2s). The purpose of this study was to examine whether AVP and/or hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R) contribute to Hmgb1 regulation following ischaemic stroke. Thus, Hmgb1, Prx2 and Tlr2 expression levels in astrocytes isolated from Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY/Izm), spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR/Izm), SHRSP/Izm and congenic rat strain SHRpch1_18 treated with AVP and/or H/R were compared. Gene and protein expression levels were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time quantitative PCR, and Western blot. mRNA expression of Hmgb1, Prx2 and Tlr2 induced by AVP was dose-dependent, and Hmgb1 and Prx2 expression was higher in SHR/Izm, SHRSP/Izm and SHRch1_18 than in WKY/Izm. Tlr2 expression with AVP was reduced in SHR/Izm compared to WKY/Izm. In SHRpch1_18, Hmgb1 expression increased after AVP plus H/R. AVP-modulated expression of Hmgb1 protein was reduced by the addition of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC). These results suggest that oxidative stress by AVP enhanced expression of Hmgb1, Prx2 and Tlr2 in astrocytes. We hypothesize that regulation of Hmgb1 by AVP during H/R might be related to induction of inflammation and stroke in SHRSP/Izm and SHRpch1_18 rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University (NUBS), Fujisawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamagata
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University (NUBS), Fujisawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Natumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sone
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University (NUBS), Fujisawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Sari
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suguyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Functional Pathology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane, Japan.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nabika
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein; C104200:Hbp1 protein, rat; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C586264:Prrx2 protein, rat; C495343:Tlr2 protein, rat; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D014157:Transcription Factors; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin
keywords: HMGB1; SHRSP; astrocytes