title: Evaluation of ozone emissions and exposures from consumer products and home appliances.
abstract: Ground-level ozone can cause serious adverse health effects and environmental impacts. This study measured ozone emissions and impacts on indoor ozone levels and associated exposures from 17 consumer products and home appliances that could emit ozone either intentionally or as a by-product of their functions. Nine products were found to emit measurable ozone, one up to 6230 ppb at a distance of 5 cm (2 inches). One use of these products increased room ozone concentrations by levels up to 106 ppb (mean, from an ozone laundry system) and personal exposure concentrations of the user by 12-424 ppb (mean). Multiple cycles of use of one fruit and vegetable washer increased personal exposure concentrations by an average of 2550 ppb, over 28 times higher than the level of the 1-h California Ambient Air Quality Standard for ozone (0.09 ppm). Ozone emission rates ranged from 1.6 mg/h for a refrigerator air purifier to 15.4 mg/h for a fruit and vegetable washer. The use of some products was estimated to contribute up to 87% of total daily exposures to ozone. The results show that the use of some products may result in potential health impacts.
authors.affiliation: Research Division, California Air Resources Board, Sacramento, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Research Division, California Air Resources Board, Sacramento, CA, USA.
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Jenkins
mesh_terms: D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D006794:Household Articles; D006795:Household Products / Q000032:analysis*; D010126:Ozone / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D010126:Ozone
keywords: Consumer products; Emission rate; Home appliances; Indoor air quality; Ozone; Personal exposure