title: Increase in Gene Expression of TYMP, DPYD and HIF1A Are Associated with Response to Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy Including S-1 or UFT for Rectal Cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to identify biomarkers capable of predicting response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) including S-1 or UFT for rectal cancer using biopsy specimens obtained before CRT (Pre-samples) and 7 days after the start of CRT (Day-7 samples).
  
  
  METHODS
  Preoperative CRT including S-1 or UFT was performed in 82 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. The expression levels of 18 genes related to 5-fluorouracil, folate, and radiation in the Pre-samples and the Day-7 samples were evaluated using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The gene expression levels of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha subunit (HIF1A), dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) and thymidine phosphorylase (TYMP) were found significantly increased in Day-7 samples compared to Pre-samples in responders, but not in non-responders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increases in gene expression levels of TYMP, DPYD, and HIF1A in tumor tissues at 7 days after the start of CRT may be useful for predicting the efficacy of CRT including S-1 or UFT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan sadahiro@is.icc.tokai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Sotaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sadahiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazutake
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Gota
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Akemi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kamijo
authors.affiliation: Applied Pharmacology Lab., Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagase
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy; D042943:Dihydrouracil Dehydrogenase (NADP) / Q000235:genetics*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010094:Oxonic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D005641:Tegafur / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013939:Thymidine Phosphorylase / Q000235:genetics*; D014498:Uracil / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; C079198:S 1 (combination); D005641:Tegafur; D014498:Uracil; D010094:Oxonic Acid; D042943:Dihydrouracil Dehydrogenase (NADP); D013939:Thymidine Phosphorylase
keywords: Rectal cancer; S-1; UFT; chemoradiotherapy; dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase; hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha; radiotherapy; thymidine phosphorylase