title: Relationship between dental caries and metabolic syndrome among 13 998 middle-aged urban Chinese.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The association between dental caries and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is inconsistent. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between dental caries and MetS and its components in a middle-aged Chinese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional analysis was performed of 13 998 participants aged 45-65 years undergoing a health check during 2013-14. An index variable of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) was calculated. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) after adjustment for sex, age, education level, dietary habits, alcohol use, smoking, physical activity, and periodontitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 13 998 participants, 6164 had dental caries and 7834 did not; 3571 had MetS, whereas 10 427 did not. Participants with severe caries showed a higher prevalence of MetS, abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia than those with mild or no caries (all P < 0.01). Adjusted ORs for MetS for those with two or more dental caries and those with two or more DMFT were 1.12 (95 % CI 1.14-1.74) and 1.09 (95 % CI, 0.89-1.21), respectively (Ptrend< 0.001). Stratified analysis by individual MetS components showed that caries were associated with MetS among subjects with hyperglycemia (OR 1.14 [95%CI, 0.98-1.34]; P < 0.001). However, there was no significant relationship between caries and abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and elevated blood pressure (adjusted ORs [95 % CIs] 0.98 [0.82-1.16], 1.01 [0.85-1.19], 0.84 [0.70-1.00], and 0.96 [0.86-1.13], respectively; all P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dental caries were associated with MetS among middle-aged Chinese in the present study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Dongliang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Jiansong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Management, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Zhiheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
keywords: cardiometabolic risk; dental caries; metabolic syndrome; obesity; 代谢综合征; 心血管代谢危险; 肥胖; 龋齿