title: Prolonged QT interval is linked to all-cause and cardiac mortality in chronic peritoneal dialysis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prolonged QT interval is related to changes of electrolytes in haemodialysis (HD) and is associated with all-cause mortality in HD patients. It is unknown if prolonged QT interval is associated with all-cause mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients as the electrolytes were relatively stable in PD. We therefore investigated the association of prolonged QT interval and all-cause mortality in chronic PD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The QT intervals were measured in 2003 and all patients were followed to December 2012. A prolonged QT interval was defined as a QT interval > 450 ms. The association of prolonged QT interval with all-cause and cardiac-specific mortality was analyzed using Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 306 patients, 196 (64%) patients had prolonged QT interval. The incidence density rate was 9.7 per 100 persons-years for all-cause mortality and 5.6 for cardiac specific mortality in patients with prolonged QT interval. Prolonged QT interval was associated with all-cause mortality with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.59 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06-2.39, P = 0.03] and cardiac mortality (HR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.00-2.78, P = 0.05) with adjustments for age, gender, diabetes, and vintage of dialysis. Longer QT interval (>500 ms, 450-500 ms, and < 450 ms) was significantly associated with a worse overall survival (P = 0.03, log-rank test) and cardiac mortality free survival (P = 0.05, log-rank test).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prolonged QT interval was associated with all-cause and cardiac mortality in patients on peritoneal dialysis. The association is independent of patient's age and diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.|Kidney Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.|College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Huey-Liang
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.|College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yao-Lung
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Chia
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.|College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chiz-Tzung
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.|College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Su-Ming
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.|College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jiung-Hsiun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.|College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsin-Hung
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.|College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: I-Kuan
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.|College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Fei
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.|College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Che-Yi
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4029-9097
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: Kidney Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.|College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chiu-Ching
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002423:Cause of Death; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008133:Long QT Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: QT interval; cardiac mortality; mortality; peritoneal dialysis