title: Vanillic Acid Ameliorates Cationic Bovine Serum Albumin Induced Immune Complex Glomerulonephritis in BALB/c Mice.
abstract: Preclinical Research Vanillic acid (VA) is a dihydroxybenzoic acid derivative widely used as a flavoring agent. It has chemopreventive effects on experimentally-induced carcinogenesis and in ulcerative colitis. The object of the present study was to investigate the effects of VA, alone and in combination with methylprednisolone (MP), on cationic bovine serum albumin (cBSA induced immune-complex glomerulonephritis in female BALB/c mice. Pre-immunization was carried out with cBSA in BALB/c mice and repeated (cBSA, 13 mg/kg, 3 times/week, i.v.) for 6 weeks to induce glomerulonephritis which was confirmed by the presence of severe proteinuria. The effect of VA (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) and its combination with MP (12.5 mg/kg, p.o.) was assessed in the nephrotic disease model. Treatment with VA decreased inflammatory nephrotic injury as evidenced by decreased proteinuria, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, serum IgG1 and TNF-α levels. Co-administration of VA with MP showed an improvement in the immunohistochemistry of glomerular nephrin and podocin. The present results indicate that VA has a nephroprotective effect in the management of autoimmune nephritis. Drug Dev Res 77 : 171-179, 2016.   © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, 500 088, India.
authors.forename: Rahul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Motiram Kakalij
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, 500 088, India.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tejaswini
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Nutrition, (Indian Council of Medical Research), Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, 500 007, India.
authors.forename: Madhoosudan A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Nutrition, (Indian Council of Medical Research), Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, 500 007, India.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dinesh Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, 500 088, India.|Maratha Mandal Research Centre, Belgaum, Karnataka State, 590010, India.
authors.forename: Prakash V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Diwan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007105:Immune Complex Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014641:Vanillic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C407223:NPHS2 protein; C113267:nephrin; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D014641:Vanillic Acid; D008775:Methylprednisolone
keywords: glomerulonephritis; methylprednisolone; vanillic acid