title: Diet-induced obesity, energy metabolism and gut microbiota in C57BL/6J mice fed Western diets based on lean seafood or lean meat mixtures.
abstract: High protein diets may protect against diet-induced obesity, but little is known regarding the effects of different protein sources consumed at standard levels. We investigated how a mixture of lean seafood or lean meat in a Western background diet modulated diet-induced obesity, energy metabolism and gut microbiota. Male C57BL/6J mice fed a Western diet (WD) containing a mixture of lean seafood (seafood WD) for 12weeks accumulated less fat mass than mice fed a WD containing a mixture of lean meat (meat WD). Meat WD-fed mice exhibited increased fasting blood glucose, impaired glucose clearance, elevated fasting plasma insulin and increased plasma and liver lipid levels. We observed no first choice preference for either of the WDs, but over time, mice fed the seafood WD consumed less energy than mice fed the meat WD. Mice fed the seafood WD exhibited higher spontaneous locomotor activity and a lower respiratory exchange ratio (RER) than mice fed the meat WD. Thus, higher activity together with the decreased energy intake contributed to the different phenotypes observed in mice fed the seafood WD compared to mice fed the meat WD. Comparison of the gut microbiomes of mice fed the two WDs revealed significant differences in the relative abundance of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to the orders Bacteroidales and Clostridiales, with genes involved in metabolism of aromatic amino acids exhibiting higher relative abundance in the microbiomes of mice fed the seafood WD.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Jacob Bak
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Holm
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rønnevik
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Hanne Sørup
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Tastesen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Even
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fjære
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Kristin Røen
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Fauske
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Liisberg
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Lise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Madsen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: kk@bio.ku.dk.
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kristiansen
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, Bergen, Norway. Electronic address: bli@nifes.no.
authors.forename: Bjørn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liaset
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet; D066273:Diet, Western; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D064307:Microbiota; D009765:Obesity; D017747:Seafood
keywords: Dietary protein; Meat; Microbiota; Obesity; Protein source; Seafood; Western diet