title: Mono- to Octachlorinated Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran Emissions from Sintering Plants Synergistically Controlled by the Desulfurization Process.
abstract: The influence of desulfurization systems in sintering plants on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) concentrations, profiles, and emission factors was studied. Mono- to tri-CDD/Fs and tetra- to octa-CDD/F concentrations were 4.4 ± 2.3 and 10.5 ± 8.3 ng m(-3), respectively, at the inlets and 0.87 ± 0.48 and 0.47 ± 0.22 ng m(-3), respectively, after desulfurization. The toxic equivalents (TEQs) were 0.95 ± 0.093 and 0.51 ± 0.040 ng of I-TEQ m(-3) at the inlets and after desulfurization, respectively. The congener profiles and homologue distributions were dominated by 2-MoCDF and MoCDF, respectively. The PCDD/F removal efficiencies achieved by desulfurization increased as the chlorination level increased. The PCDD/Fs became adsorbed to gypsum. Annual mono- to tri-CDD/Fs PCDD/F and TEQ (tetra- to octa-CDD/F) emission factors for flue gas and gypsum between 2003 and 2012 were determined. The total amounts of mono- to tri-CDD/Fs emitted in flue gas and gypsum between 2003 and 2012 were 10.7 and 10.2 kg, respectively. The total TEQs emitted in flue gas and gypsum between 2003 and 2012 were estimated to be 15486 and 1878 g of I-TEQ, respectively. PCDD/Fs adsorbed to gypsum are not effectively eliminated. The PCDD/F concentrations increased as the fly ash surface area increased moving through the electrostatic precipitator stages.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China.|School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology , Shanghai 201418, China.
authors.forename: Mengjing
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Wenbin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology , Shanghai 201418, China.
authors.forename: Meifang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Qianqian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Haifeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100085, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Minghui
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001572:Benzofurans; D060729:Coal Ash; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D000072318:Dibenzofurans; D004147:Dioxins; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D017745:Incineration; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D011210:Power Plants
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001572:Benzofurans; D060729:Coal Ash; D000072318:Dibenzofurans; D004147:Dioxins; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls