title: Environmental factors affecting soil metals near outlet roads in Poznań, Poland: impact of grain size, soil depth, and wind dispersal.
abstract: We determined the Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn concentrations in soil samples collected along the eight main outlet roads of Poznań. Samples were collected at distances of 1, 5, and 10 m from the roadway edges at depth intervals of 0-20 and 40-60 cm. The metal content was determined in seven grain size fractions. The highest metal concentrations were observed in the smallest fraction (<0.063 mm), which were up to four times higher than those in sand fractions. Soil Pb, Cu, and Zn (and to a lesser extent Ni, Cr, and Cd) all increased in relation to the geochemical background. At most sampling sites, metal concentrations decreased with increasing distance from roadway edges and increasing depth. In some locations, the accumulation of metals in soils appears to be strongly influenced by wind direction. Our survey findings should contribute in predicting the behavior of metals along outlet road, which is important by assessing sources for further migration of heavy metals into the groundwater, plants, and humans.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Mineralogie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3, 30167, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ciazela
authors.affiliation: Department of Hydrogeology and Water Protection, Institute of Geology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Maków Polnych 16, 61-606, Poznań, Poland. Marcin.Siepak@amu.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Siepak
mesh_terms: D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D010316:Particle Size; D011044:Poland; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D014186:Transportation; D014919:Wind
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants
keywords: Grain size; Road transport; Soil metal; Soil pollution