title: Chandipura virus infection causing encephalitis in a tribal population of Odisha in eastern India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The sudden death of 10 children in a tribal village of Kandhamal district, Odisha in eastern India led to this investigation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a door-to-door survey to identify cases. Antibodies for Chandipura, Japanese encephalitis, dengue, chikungunya and West Nile viruses were tested by ELISA in probable cases. Chandipura virus RNA was tested from both human blood samples and sand flies by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. We conducted vector surveys in domestic and peridomestic areas, and collected sand flies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Entomological investigations revealed the presence of Phlebotomus argentipes and Sergentomiya sp. Thirty-five patients presented with fever, 12 of them had altered sensorium including 4 who had convulsions. The blood samples of 21 patients were tested; four samples revealed Chandipura virusspecific IgM antibody.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chandipura virus infection causing encephalitis affected this tribal population in eastern India at 1212 m above sea level.
authors.affiliation: Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India.
authors.forename: Bhagirathi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dwibedi
authors.affiliation: Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India.
authors.forename: Jyotsnamayee
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sabat
authors.affiliation: Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India.
authors.forename: Rupenangshu K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Hazra
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra.
authors.forename: Anu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Rajendra Memorial Research Institute, Patna, Bihar.
authors.forename: Diwakar Singh
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Dinesh
authors.affiliation: Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India, shantanukar123@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shantanu K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D065632:Chikungunya Fever / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004199:Disease Vectors; D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D010691:Phlebotomus / Q000821:virology*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D018116:Vesiculovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D012367:RNA, Viral