title: Effects of Lornoxicam on Anastomotic Healing: A Randomized, Blinded, Placebo-Control Experimental Study.
abstract: Introduction and Aim. With the implementation of multimodal analgesia regimens, Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are often administered for optimal pain control and reduction of opioid use. The aim of the study was to examine the effects of lornoxicam, a NSAID, on anastomotic healing employing an animal model. Materials and Methods. A total of 28 Wistar rats were randomly assigned in two groups. All animals underwent ascending colonic transection followed by an end-to-end hand sewn anastomosis. Group 1 received intraperitoneally lornoxicam before and daily after surgery. Group 2 received intraperitoneally an equal volume of placebo. Half of the animals in each group were euthanized on the 3rd pod and the remaining on the 7th pod. Macro- and microscopic indicators of anastomotic healing were compared using a two-tailed Fisher exact test. Results. The lornoxicam group significantly decreased fibroblast in growth and reepithelization of the mucosa at the anastomotic site on the 3rd pod and significantly increased occurrence of deep reaching defects, necrosis, and microabscess on the 7th pod. Conclusion. Lornoxicam administration during the perioperative period adversely affects histologic parameters of intestinal anastomotic healing. These effects of lornoxicam administration were not found to induce significant increase of anastomotic dehiscence in the rat model.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Surgery, "Aretaieio" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Stamatoula
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Drakopoulou
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Surgery, "Aretaieio" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Elissaios
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2619-1058
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kontis
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Surgery, "Aretaieio" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Eirini
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3654-335X
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pantiora
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Surgery, "Aretaieio" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Antonios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vezakis
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, "Aretaieio" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Despoina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Karandrea
authors.affiliation: Animal House Facility/Experimental Unit, "Aretaieio" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Eftychia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aravidou
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, "Aretaieio" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Agathi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Konti-Paphiti
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Anesthesiology, "Aretaieio" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Erifili
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Argyra
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Surgery, "Aretaieio" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Dionisios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Voros
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Surgery, "Aretaieio" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Andreas A
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6165-3492
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Polydorou
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Surgery, "Aretaieio" Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, 11528 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Georgios P
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6011-8674
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Fragulidis