title: The comparative oncologic effectiveness of available management strategies for clinically localized prostate cancer.
abstract: The primary goal of modern prostate cancer treatment paradigms is to optimize the balance of predicted benefits associated with prostate cancer treatment against the predicted harms of therapy. However, given the limitations in the existing evidence as well as the significant tradeoffs posed by each treatment, there remain myriad challenges associated with individualized prostate cancer treatment decision-making. In this review, we summarize the existing comparative effectiveness evidence of treatments for localized prostate cancer with an emphasis on oncologic control. While we focus on the major treatment categories of radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, and observation, we also provide a review of emerging therapies such as cryotherapy and high-intensity frequency ultrasound (HIFU).
authors.affiliation: Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN. Electronic address: mark.tyson@vanderbilt.edu.
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Tyson
authors.affiliation: Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Geriatric, Research, and Educational Center, Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Health Care System, Nashville, TN.
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Penson
authors.affiliation: Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Geriatric, Research, and Educational Center, Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Health Care System, Nashville, TN.
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Resnick
mesh_terms: D057186:Comparative Effectiveness Research; D017679:Cryotherapy / Q000379:methods; D000074059:Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008495:Medical Oncology / Q000379:methods*; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Active surveillance; Comparative effectiveness; Oncologic efficacy; Prostate cancer; Prostatectomy; Radiation therapy