title: Preparation Methods for Improving PEEK's Bioactivity for Orthopedic and Dental Application: A Review.
abstract: There is an increased interest in the use of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) for orthopedic and dental implant applications due to its elastic modulus close to that of bone, biocompatibility, and its radiolucent properties. However, PEEK is still categorized as bioinert due to its low integration with surrounding tissues. Many studies have reported on methods to increase the bioactivity of PEEK, but there is still one-preparation method for preparing bioactive PEEK implant where the produced implant with desirable mechanical and bioactivity properties is required. The aim of this review is to present the progress of the preparation methods for improvement of the bioactivity of PEEK and to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the existing methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials, Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Davood
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Almasi
authors.affiliation: Medical Implant Technology Group (MEDITEG), Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nida
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Maliheh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sadeghi
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials, Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Izman
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sudin
authors.affiliation: Medical Implant Technology Group (MEDITEG), Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohammed Rafiq
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Abdul Kadir
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NOCERAL, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Tunku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamarul