title: A silver lining of neuroinflammation: Beneficial effects on myelination.
abstract: Myelin accelerates action potential conduction velocity and provides essential energy support for axons. Unfortunately, myelin and myelinating cells are often vulnerable to injury or disease, resulting in myelin damage, which in turn can lead to axon dysfunction, overt pathology and neurological impairment. Inflammation is a common component of trauma and disease in both the CNS and PNS and therefore an active inflammatory response is often considered deleterious to myelin health. While inflammation can certainly damage myelin, inflammatory processes also can positively affect oligodendrocyte lineage progression, myelin debris clearance, oligodendrocyte metabolism and myelin repair. In the periphery, inflammatory cascades can also augment myelin repair, including processes initiated by infiltrating immune cells as well as by local Schwann cells. In this review, various aspects of inflammation beneficial to myelin repair are discussed and should be considered when designing or implementing anti-inflammatory therapies for CNS and PNS injury involving myelinating cells.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Graduate Program, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, United States; Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, United States.
authors.forename: Evan Z
authors.initials: EZ
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Graduate Program, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, United States; Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, United States.
authors.forename: Jamie S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Church
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Graduate Program, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, United States; Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, United States.
authors.forename: Zoe C
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Hesp
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, United States; Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, United States.
authors.forename: Phillip G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Popovich
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, United States; Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, United States. Electronic address: dana.mctigue@osumc.edu.
authors.forename: Dana M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: McTigue
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology*; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000473:pathology*; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000473:pathology; D009435:Synaptic Transmission; D020196:Trauma, Nervous System / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
keywords: Cytokines; Growth factors; Iron; Macrophages; Microglia; Oligodendrocyte; Peripheral nerve; Progenitor; Schwann cells; Spinal cord injury