title: [Role of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in the diagnosis of mediastinal tuberculosis].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mediastinal tuberculosis (TB) is rare and a diagnostic challenge. Transbronchial needle aspiration guided by endoscopic ultrasonography (EBUS-TBNA) is an essential tool for staging and diagnosing patients with lung cancer but to date there are no studies in our environment evaluating its efficacy in mediastinal TB.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with a final diagnosis of isolated intrathoracic tuberculous lymphadenitis over a 6-year period were included. We analyzed the cases on whom EBUS-TBNA was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-six patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy without pulmonary involvement were identified and 29 underwent EBUS-TBNA. In 28 of 29 patients (96.6%) EBUS-TBNA was diagnostic and cytological findings confirmed granulomas in 93% of cases. Microbiological investigation revealed positive TB culture in 14 (48.2%) and positive PCR for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 30% of cases on whom it was carried out. Eighty-four per cent of the patients were immigrants and when compared with the native population we found statistical differences in immune status and culture yield.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EBUS-TBNA is a safe and effective technique in the diagnosis of patients with suspected mediastinal TB.
authors.affiliation: Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, España; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, España; Universidad Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, España. Electronic address: RChalela@parcdesalutmar.cat.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chalela
authors.affiliation: Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, España; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Font
authors.affiliation: Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, España; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Marisol
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Domínguez-Álvarez
authors.affiliation: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Badenes-Bonet
authors.affiliation: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, España; Servei d'Anatomia Patològica, Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Lara
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pijuan
authors.affiliation: Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital del Mar-Parc de Salut Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, España; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Víctor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Curull
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D061765:Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008477:Mediastinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014388:Tuberculosis, Lymph Node / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology
keywords: EBUS-TBNA; Ecobroncoscopia; Endobronchial ultrasound; Intrathoracic tuberculous lymphadenitis; PATb-USEB; Tuberculosis ganglionar mediastínica