title: Neuromodulatory Role of Revascularization Surgery in Moyamoya Disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate the effectiveness of bypass surgery for moyamoya disease, electrocorticography was first evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 13 hemispheres in 9 patients with moyamoya disease were included in this study. To record the spectral power of electrocorticography continuously during the bypass procedure, a 4 × 5 subdural electrode grid was placed on the middle frontal gyrus. The changes in spectral power before and after bypass surgery were evaluated and compared with those in a control group. The correlation between changes in spectral power and regional cerebral blood flow was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average spectral power ratio of the beta band per total band in moyamoya disease before bypass surgery was lower than that of controls (P = 0.027), and the significance disappeared after bypass surgery (P = 0.800). The spectral power levels of the beta band and gamma band were increased in moyamoya disease after bypass surgery (P < 0.001). Changes in spectral power of the beta band correlated with changes in regional cerebral blood flow (P = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The spectral power of the beta band on electrocorticography was focally suppressed in patients with moyamoya disease, and the suppression was reversible by revascularization surgery. Steno-occlusive ischemic changes in moyamoya disease might cause suppression of neurophysiologic activity, and the present results provide insight into the potential neuromodulatory role of revascularization surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shouhei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Noshiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mikami
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kanno
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Rei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Enatsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Systems Neuroscience, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shogo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yazawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Systems Neuroscience, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagamine
authors.affiliation: Human Brain Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuhashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. Electronic address: mikunin@sapmed.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mikuni
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D058256:Brain Waves / Q000502:physiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002533:Cerebral Angiography / Q000379:methods; D002548:Cerebral Revascularization / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D000069280:Electrocorticography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009072:Moyamoya Disease / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Electrocorticography; Ischemia; Moyamoya disease