title: Modulation of the neurological and vascular complications by grape seed extract in a rat model of spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury by downregulation of both osteopontin and cyclooxygenase-2.
abstract: In this study, we investigated the effects of grape seed extract (GSE) on the expression of osteopontin (OPN) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in a rat model of spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (SC-IRI). Fifty male rats were divided into 5 groups: control (CON); control + GSE (CON + GSE) (received GSE for 28 days); sham operated (Sham); IRI; and IRI + GSE. SC-IRI was induced by clamping the aorta just above the bifurcation for 45 min, and then the clamp was released for 48 h for reperfusion. IRI + GSE group received GSE for 28 days before SC-IRI. Sensory, motor, and placing/stepping reflex assessment was performed. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured in spinal cord homogenate. Immunohistochemical examination of the spinal cord for OPN and COX-2 were carried out. SC-IRI resulted in significant increase in plasma nitrite/nitrate level and spinal cord homogenate levels of TBARs and PGE2, and OPN and COX-2 expression with significant decrease in TAC. GSE improves the sensory and motor functions through decreasing OPN and COX-2 expression with reduction of oxidative stress parameters. We conclude a neuroprotective effect of GSE in SC-IRI through downregulating COX-2 and OPN expression plus its antioxidants effects.
authors.affiliation: a Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.|b Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, KSA.
authors.forename: Hussein F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Sakr
authors.affiliation: a Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Amr M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Abbas
authors.affiliation: b Medical Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, KSA.
authors.forename: Ismaeel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bin-Jaliah
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D056604:Grape Seed Extract / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D056604:Grape Seed Extract; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D053495:Osteopontin; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2
keywords: cyclooxygenase-2; extrait de pépins de raisin; grape seed extract; ischemia–reperfusion injury; lésion d’ischémie–reperfusion; osteopontin; ostéopontine; oxidative stress; stress oxydatif