title: Stimuli-enabled zipper-like graphene interface for auto-switchable bioelectronics.
abstract: Graphene interfaces with multi-stimuli responsiveness are of particular interest due to their diverse super-thin interfacial behaviour, which could be well suited to operating complex physiological systems in a single miniaturised domain. In general, smart graphene interfaces switch bioelectrodes from the hydrophobic to hydrophilic state, or vice versa, upon triggering. In the present work, a stimuli encoded zipper-like graphene oxide (GrO)/polymer interface was fabricated with in situ poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-diethylaminoethylmethylacrylate), i.e., poly(NIPAAm-co-DEAEMA) directed hierarchical self-assembly of GrO and glucose oxidase (GOx). The designed interface exhibited reversible on/off-switching of bio-electrocatalysis on changing the pH between 5 and 8, via phase transition from super hydrophilic to hydrophobic. The study further indicated that the zipper-like interfacial bioelectrochemical properties could be tuned over a modest change of temperature (i.e., 20-40°C). The resulting auto-switchable interface has implications for the design of novel on/off-switchable biodevices with 'in-built' self-control.
authors.affiliation: Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre, IFM, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Physics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein ZA9300, South Africa.
authors.forename: Sachin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.affiliation: Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre, IFM, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Md
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ashaduzzaman
authors.affiliation: Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre, IFM, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden; Department of Physics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein ZA9300, South Africa.
authors.forename: Prashant
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein ZA9300, South Africa.
authors.forename: Hendrik C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Swart
authors.affiliation: Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre, IFM, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anthony P F
authors.initials: APF
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.affiliation: Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre, IFM, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden; Tekidag AB, UCS, Mjärdevi Science Park, Teknikringen 4A, SE 583 30 Linköping, Sweden; Vinoba Bhave Research Institute, Sirsa Road, Saidabad, Allahabad 221508, India. Electronic address: ashutosh.tiwari@liu.se.
authors.forename: Ashutosh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tiwari
mesh_terms: D000178:Acrylamides / Q000737:chemistry; D000179:Acrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000201:enzymology; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D004566:Electrodes; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry*; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000737:chemistry*; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D044367:Phase Transition; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000178:Acrylamides; D000179:Acrylates; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D010087:Oxides; D011108:Polymers; D006108:Graphite; C067295:N-isopropylacrylamide; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D005947:Glucose; C035956:methyl acrylate
keywords: Graphene bioelectronics; On/off-switchable bio-devices; Smart Bioelectrocatalysis; Triggered interfaces