title: Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases: Are Fructose-Containing Sugars More Involved Than Other Dietary Calories?
abstract: There is increasing concern that sugar consumption may be linked to the development of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. There is indeed strong evidence that consumption of energy-dense sugary beverages and foods is associated with increased energy intake and body weight gain over time. It is further proposed that the fructose component of sugars may exert specific deleterious effects due to its propension to stimulate hepatic glucose production and de novo lipogenesis. Excess fructose and energy intake may be associated with visceral obesity, intrahepatic fat accumulation, and high fasting and postprandial blood triglyceride concentrations. Additional effects of fructose on blood uric acid and sympathetic nervous system activity have also been reported, but their link with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases remains hypothetical. There is growing evidence that fructose at physiologically consumed doses may exert important effects on kidney function. Whether this is related to the development of high blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases remains to be further assessed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 7, CH-1005, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosset
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 7, CH-1005, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Surowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 7, CH-1005, Lausanne, Switzerland. Luc.Tappy@unil.ch.
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tappy
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology*; D005632:Fructose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D050155:Lipogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D005632:Fructose; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Endothelial dysfunction; Fructose and cardiovascular disease; Metabolic disease and sugar; Sugars and cardiovascular disease; Sympathetic nervous system; Uric acid; Visceral obesity