title: Experimental Models of Anxiety for Drug Discovery and Brain Research.
abstract: Animal models have been vital to recent advances in experimental neuroscience, including the modeling of common human brain disorders such as anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia. As mice express robust anxiety-like behaviors when exposed to stressors (e.g., novelty, bright light, or social confrontation), these phenotypes have clear utility in testing the effects of psychotropic drugs. Of specific interest is the extent to which mouse models can be used for the screening of new anxiolytic drugs and verification of their possible applications in humans. To address this problem, the present chapter will review different experimental models of mouse anxiety and discuss their utility for testing anxiolytic and anxiogenic drugs. Detailed protocols will be provided for these paradigms, and possible confounds will be addressed accordingly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical School, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
authors.forename: Peter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical School, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
authors.forename: Carisa L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Bergner
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical School, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
authors.forename: Amanda N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Smolinsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, 915 W State St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
authors.forename: Brett D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Dufour
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical School, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
authors.forename: Rupert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Egan
authors.affiliation: Stress Physiology and Research Center (SPaRC), Georgetown University Medical Center, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
authors.forename: Justin L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: LaPorte
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical School, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20057, USA. avkalueff@gmail.com.|Stress Physiology and Research Center (SPaRC), Georgetown University Medical Center, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20057, USA. avkalueff@gmail.com.|Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University Medical Center, 830 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA. avkalueff@gmail.com.|Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical School, Basic Science Building, Room 254, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC, 20057, USA. avkalueff@gmail.com.|The International Stress and Behavior Society (ISBS) and ZENEREI Research Center, Slidell, LA, 70458, USA. avkalueff@gmail.com.|Research Institute of Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong OceanUniversity, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 340001, China. avkalueff@gmail.com.|Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 13610, Russia. avkalueff@gmail.com.|Institutes of Chemical Technology and Natural Sciences, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russia. avkalueff@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Allan V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Kalueff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D055808:Drug Discovery; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents
keywords: Anxiety; Anxiogenic drugs; Anxiolytic drugs; Biological psychiatry; Experimental animal models; Exploration