title: Texture based classification of the severity of mitral regurgitation.
abstract: Clinically, the severity of valvular regurgitation is assessed by manual tracing of the regurgitant jet in the respective chambers. This work presents a computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) system for the assessment of the severity of mitral regurgitation (MR) based on image processing that does not require the intervention of the radiologist or clinician. Eight different texture feature sets from the regurgitant area (selected through an arbitrary criterion) have been used in the present approach. First order statistics have been used initially, however, observing their limitations, the other texture features such as spatial gray level difference matrix, gray level difference statistics, neighborhood gray tone difference matrix, statistical feature matrix, Laws' textures energy measure, fractal dimension texture analysis and Fourier power spectrum have additionally been used. For the classification task a supervised classifier i.e., support vector machine has been used in the present approach. The classification accuracy has been improved significantly by using these texture features in combination, in comparison to when fed individually as input to the classifier. The classification accuracy of 95.65±1.09, 95.65±1.09 and 95.36±1.13 has been obtained in apical two chamber, apical four chamber and parasternal long axis views, respectively. Therefore, the results of this paper indicate that the proposed CAD system may effectively assist the radiologists in establishing (confirming) the MR stages, namely, mild, moderate and severe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, India. Electronic address: drbalodi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balodi
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, India. Electronic address: mld.iitr@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Dewal
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, India. Electronic address: anandfee@iitr.ac.in.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun 248 016, India. Electronic address: anuragrwt@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Anurag
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rawat
mesh_terms: D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: Computer aided diagnostic (CAD) system; Echocardiography; Multiclass support vector machine (SVM); Texture feature; Valvular regurgitation