title: Effect of dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in phospholipids or triglycerides on brain DHA uptake and accretion.
abstract: Tracer studies suggest that phospholipid DHA (PL-DHA) more effectively targets the brain than triglyceride DHA (TAG-DHA), although the mechanism and whether this translates into higher brain DHA concentrations are not clear. Rats were gavaged with [U-(3)H]PL-DHA and [U-(3)H]TAG-DHA and blood sampled over 6h prior to collection of brain regions and other tissues. In another experiment, rats were supplemented for 4weeks with TAG-DHA (fish oil), PL-DHA (roe PL) or a mixture of both for comparison to a low-omega-3 diet. Brain regions and other tissues were collected, and blood was sampled weekly. DHA accretion rates were estimated using the balance method. [U-(3)H]PL-DHA rats had higher radioactivity in cerebellum, hippocampus and remainder of brain, with no differences in other tissues despite higher serum lipid radioactivity in [U-(3)H]TAG-DHA rats. TAG-DHA, PL-DHA or a mixture were equally effective at increasing brain DHA. There were no differences between DHA-supplemented groups in brain region, whole-body, or tissue DHA accretion rates except heart and serum TAG where the PL-DHA/TAG-DHA blend was higher than TAG-DHA. Apparent DHA β-oxidation was not different between DHA-supplemented groups. This indicates that more labeled DHA enters the brain when consumed as PL; however, this may not translate into higher brain DHA concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3E2, Canada.
authors.forename: Alex P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Kitson
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3E2, Canada.
authors.forename: Adam H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Metherel
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3E2, Canada.
authors.forename: Chuck T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3E2, Canada.
authors.forename: Anthony F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Domenichiello
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3E2, Canada.
authors.forename: Marc-Olivier
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Trépanier
authors.affiliation: Arctic Nutrition AS, NO-6155, Ørsta, Norway; Department of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108-1038, USA.
authors.forename: Alvin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3E2, Canada. Electronic address: richard.bazinet@utoronto.ca.
authors.forename: Richard P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Bazinet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000378:metabolism; D003677:Deficiency Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005228:Fatty Acids, Essential / Q000172:deficiency*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014316:Tritium
chemical_list: D005228:Fatty Acids, Essential; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010743:Phospholipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D014316:Tritium; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids
keywords: Brain; Docosahexaenoic acid; Phospholipid; Serum; Triacylglycerol; Uptake