title: Clinical implications for imaging of vascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second largest cause of cancer mortality in the world, with vascular invasion being one of the most important prognostic factors. HCC with tumor thrombus was traditionally considered to have very limited treatment options. However, multiple promising treatment strategies have emerged in recent years, with diagnostic and interventional radiologists playing a major role in patient management. We provide a comprehensive update on the diagnosis and management of HCC with vascular invasion and the role of the radiologist in this condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. akshaybaheti@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Akshay D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Baheti
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Gregor M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Dunham
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.|Department of Interventional Radiology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Ingraham
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Mariam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moshiri
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of California, Irvine, 101 The City Dr South, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.
authors.forename: Chandana
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lall
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
authors.forename: James O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, 525 E 68th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Winthrop-University Hospital, 259 First Street, Mineola, NY, 11501, USA.
authors.forename: Douglas S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.affiliation: Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, 525 E 68th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Madoff
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Puneet
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhargava
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms; D015021:Yttrium Radioisotopes
chemical_list: D015021:Yttrium Radioisotopes
keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); Macroscopic invasion; Radioembolization; Tumor thrombus; Y90 (Yttrium 90)