title: Dual-Channel Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Port for Evacuation of Deep-Seated Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage with Obstructive Hydrocephalus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In minimally invasive endoscopic port surgery, the medium is air, and the image is clearer than in fluid. The most commonly used port is a single-channel port, which accommodates the rod lens of the endoscope and 2 microsurgical instruments. This setup decreases the freedom of movement of the 3 instruments, making the bimanual procedure difficult. We describe a novel "dual-channel" endoscopic port to facilitate a bimanual refinement procedure for removing deep-seated spontaneous intracerebral hematomas, and we demonstrate the feasibility of this method.
  
  
  METHODS
  The small channel accommodates a 0° endoscope lens, and the large channel accommodates 2 microsurgical instruments. This method was used in 8 patients with deep-seated spontaneous intracerebral hematomas with obstructive hydrocephalus. It was necessary to evacuate the deep-seated hematomas in these patients as soon as possible to recover the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dual-channel port surgery was performed in 8 patients with an average age of 55 years (range, 44-79 years). The time from ictus to surgery ranged from 4 hours to 12 days. The duration of drainage tube placement was 2-5 days. The hematomas in all patients, in the third ventricle or thalamus, were evacuated thoroughly. In each patient, improvements in Glasgow Coma Scale scores were observed from admission to discharge.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The dual-channel endoscopic port facilitated bimanual refinement microsurgery during the evacuation of deep-seated intracerebral hematomas, and it prevented the disturbance of the 3 instruments without restraining the scope of the operation during the microsurgical procedure.
authors.affiliation: Fourth Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Fourth Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Xianyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Fourth Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Fourth Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Fourth Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Yunfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Fourth Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Zhisong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Sixth Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Changbin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Fourth Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China. Electronic address: h.e2000@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Zhiguo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000601:surgery*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000601:surgery*; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D044583:Neuroendoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Dual channel; Endoscopy; Intracerebral hemorrhage; Port retractor