title: Pediatric Posterior Vertebral Column Resection (PVCR): Before and After Ten Years of Age: Greater Than 10-Year Follow-Up.
abstract: METHODS
  A retrospective study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the surgical outcomes of posterior vertebral column resection (PVCR) and its long-term effects on the deformity correction for congenital scoliosis in children less than 18 years of age.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  There have been no reports on surgical outcomes that pertain to the timing of surgery for congenital scoliosis in children under age 18 years with long term follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five congenital scoliosis patients (N = 45) under age 18 at the time of surgery were treated by PVCR. These cases were retrospectively studied and had a minimum 10-year follow-up. We assigned patients into two groups: Group 1 (N = 19) patients who had surgery before 10 years of age, Group 2 (N = 26) patients who had surgery after 10 years of age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Group 1, the mean Cobb angle of the main curve was 44° before surgery, 10.2° after surgery, and 14.2° at last follow-up. In Group 2, the mean Cobb angle of the main curve was 48.7° before surgery, 17.2° after surgery, and 20.4° at the last follow-up. The mean operative time was 189 minutes in Group 1 and 245 minutes in Group 2. The mean estimated blood loss (EBL) per kilogram was 52.9 mL/kg in Group 1 and 48.1 mL/kg in Group 2. There were 22 complications for PVCR and the overall prevalence of complications was 48.9%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PVCR is an effective procedure for the management of congenital scoliosis under age 18. PVCR for congenital scoliosis before the age of 10 years had significantly better deformity correction compared with the group after the age of 10 years and did not cause crankshaft phenomenon.
  
  
  METHODS
  4.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, The Inje University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Gune
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Korea University Guro-Hospital, College of Medicine.
authors.forename: Jae Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyung Hee Hospital, College of Medicine.
authors.forename: Jung-Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, The Inje University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Hyok
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Korea University Guro-Hospital, College of Medicine.
authors.forename: Seung-Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine.
authors.forename: Young-Hoon
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine.
authors.forename: Kee-Yong
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, The Inje University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Se-Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Suk
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D065289:Pedicle Screws; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000379:methods*; D013131:Spine / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome