title: Combination of ESI and MALDI mass spectrometry for qualitative, semi-quantitative and in situ analysis of gangliosides in brain.
abstract: Gangliosides are a family of complex lipids that are abundant in the brain. There is no doubt the investigations about the distribution of gangliosides in brian and the relationship between gangliosides and Alzheimer's disease is profound. However, these investigations are full of challenges due to the structural complexity of gangliosides. In this work, the method for efficient extraction and enrichment of gangliosides from brain was established. Moreover, the distribution of gangliosides in brain was obtained by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). It was found that 3-aminoquinoline (3-AQ) as matrix was well-suited for MALDI MS analysis of gangliosides in negative ion mode. In addition, the pretreatment by ethanol (EtOH) cleaning brain section and the addition of ammonium formate greatly improved the MS signal of gangliosides in the brain section when MALDI MSI analysis was employed. The distribution of ganliosides in cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum was respectively acquired by electrospray ionization (ESI) MS and MALDI MSI, and the data were compared for reliability evaluation of MALDI MSI. Further, applying MALDI MSI technology, the distribution of gangliosides in amyloid precursor protein transgenic mouse brain was obtained, which may provide a new insight for bioresearch of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Mass Spectrum Center, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yangyang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Mass Spectrum Center, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jian'an
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Mass Spectrum Center, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Juanjuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Mass Spectrum Center, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shaoxiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Weidong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Mass Spectrum Center, Beijing, China.|Graduate School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhenwen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000737:chemistry*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000737:chemistry*; D005732:Gangliosides / Q000032:analysis*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000737:chemistry*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005732:Gangliosides