title: General morphology and ultrastructure of the female reproductive apparatus of Trichomalopsis shirakii crawford (Hymenoptera, Pteromalidae).
abstract: The morphology and ultrastructure of the female reproductive system were examined for a larval-pupal parasitoid Trichomalopsis shirakii Crawford of Oulema oryzae Kuwayama using light and electron microscopes. The reproductive system includes two ovaries, two pairs of accessory glands, an unbranched venom gland, a large venom reservoir and a Dufour gland. Each ovariole contains follicles and oocytes at different stages of maturation. A fibrous layer covers the surface of mature egg. The accessory glands are made up of a layer of secretory cells surrounded by muscle fibers. In these secretory cells, numerous mitochondria, electron-dense secretory granules and vesicles filled with dense granular particles are present. These granular particles appear as virus-like particles (VLPs). The venom gland consists of a single layer of secretory cells which are organelle rich with abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and vesicular organelles, a layer of duct cells and an inner intima. The reservoir consists of a muscular sheath, epidermal cells with few organelles and an intima layer. The Dufour gland has a relatively large lumen surrounded by a single layer of columnar epithelial cells which are characterized by clusters of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and lipid droplets. Aside from the venom, the fibrous layer coating the egg and the granular particles which may be VLPs have been discovered in our study. They may serve as one of the parasitoid-associated factors in their host-parasitoid relationship and play a role in host immune suppression. Microsc. Res. Tech. 79:625-636, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Pu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Wei
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
authors.forename: Xue-Xin
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005836:Genitalia, Female / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006927:Hymenoptera / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010063:Ovum / Q000648:ultrastructure
keywords: female reproductive system; fibrous layer; morphology; ultrastructure; virus-like particles