title: Seasonal influenza A/H3N2 virus infection and IL-1Β, IL-10, IL-17, and IL-28 polymorphisms in Iranian population.
abstract: Increased blood cytokines is the main immunopathological process that were attributed to severe clinical outcomes in cases of influenza A/H3N2 virus infection. The study was aimed to investigate the polymorphisms of IL-1β, IL-10, IL-17, and IL-28 genes to find the possibility of their association with the clinical outcome of influenza A/H3N2 virus infection among the infected patients in Iran. This is a Case-Control study in which influenza A/H3N2 virus positive confirmed with real-time PCR were the cases. DNA samples from groups were genotyped for polymorphisms in rs16944 (IL-1β), rs1800872 (IL-10), rs2275913 (IL-17), and rs8099917 (IL-28). Confidence interval (95%CI) and Odds ratio (OR) were calculated. IL-17 rs2275913 (GG and AG) were associated with risk of infection with that were statistically significant (P < 0.05, OR = 2.08-2.94). IL-1β (rs16944) (GG) was associated with reduced risk of infection (P < 0.01, OR = 0.46). Genotype GG and GT of IL-10 (rs1800872) were associated with increased risk of infection with influenza A/H3N2 virus (P < 0.05, OR = 2.04-2.58). In addition, IL-28 (rs8099917) genotypes GG (P < 0.05, OR = 0.49) and TG (P < 0.05, OR = 0.59) were associated with reduced risk of ILI symptom while genotype TT (P < 0.01, OR = 4.31) was associated with increased risk of ILI symptom. The results of this study demonstrated that polymorphisms of genes involved in the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory process affect the outcome of disease caused by influenza A/H3N2 virus. Thorough insight on host immune response at the time of influenza A virus infection is required to ensure adequate patient care in the case of feature outbreaks. J. Med. Virol. 88:2078-2084, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran.|Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Lawal Dahiru
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Rogo
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran. rezaei@tums.ac.ir.|National Influenza, Center Department of Medical Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. rezaei@tums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Farhad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rezaei
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Mahdi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Marashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mir Saeed
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Yekaninejad
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran.|National Influenza, Center Department of Medical Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naseri
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran.|National Influenza, Center Department of Medical Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Nastaran
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ghavami
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran. mokhtari@sina.tums.ac.ir.|National Influenza, Center Department of Medical Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. mokhtari@sina.tums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Talat
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mokhtari-Azad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D053122:Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D007372:Interferons; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D007378:Interleukins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012621:Seasons; D055815:Young Adult; D000095022:Interferon Lambda
chemical_list: D007372:Interferons; D020381:Interleukin-17; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D007378:Interleukins; C000624353:interferon-lambda, human; D000095022:Interferon Lambda; C508717:IL17A protein, human
keywords: IL-10; IL-17; IL-1β; IL-28; influenza A/H3N2 virus; polymorphism