title: Learning in Later Life: Benefits and Challenges for Volunteers and Agencies.
abstract: Older adults in most societies are keen volunteers in a myriad of contexts for the betterment of individuals and for the agencies in which they volunteer. This article discusses how volunteerism among older adults may enhance their learning and the kinds of benefits and challenges they encounter in their work for employing authorities. It also considers how agencies can be better attuned to the lifelong learning aspirations of older volunteers.
  
  
  
  Research related to older adults, lifelong learning and the character of volunteerism is reviewed with examples provided from New Zealand and Australia of older adults' participation in volunteerism and consequential impact.
  
  
  
  While volunteerism is normally viewed as a "win-win" situation for the volunteers and the organisations in which knowledge is further developed for varied purposes (economic sufficiency; personal development; active citizenship; social inclusion), there are nevertheless challenges for both parties. The article explores salient factors which function as enhancers or limitations for older volunteers in their work and learning.
  
  
  
  It is important that the motives of volunteers for participation are fully transparent and understood by the older adults themselves and by the relevant agencies. Organisations can provide considerable opportunities for older people to engage in continuing learning/ education but they need to be aware of effective recruitment and retention strategies; older people can provide a much needed labour resource where their previous life experiences can be drawn upon and they should be fully cognisant of the organisation's mission and how they can help to enhance it.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Education, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand. bfindsen@waikato.ac.nz.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Findsen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D009520:New Zealand; D014838:Volunteers / Q000523:psychology*