title: Preparation of alpha-bisabolol and phenylethyl resorcinol/TiO2 hybrid composites for potential applications in cosmetics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bifunctional alpha-bisabolol and phenylethyl resorcinol/TiO2 hybrids were prepared to apply in cosmetic fields, particularly in anti-ageing and hyperpigmentation treatment. The synergistic effect of combined antioxidant and UV filtering properties was achieved through functionalization of TiO2 particles with skin-lightening materials such as alpha-bisabolol and phenylethyl resorcinol.
  
  
  METHODS
  TiO2 microspheres with a diameter of about 1 μm were synthesized through surfactant-assisted sol-gel method for use as supporting materials in the formation of hybrid composites. Carboxylation treatment was performed for surface modification of the TiO2 surface with carboxyl groups as chemical binders. Esterification reaction between carboxyl groups of carboxylated TiO2 and hydroxyl groups of alpha-bisabolol or phenylethyl resorcinol was performed. The hybrids were characterized using various techniques such as FE-SEM, DLS, EDS, ATR-FTIR, XPS and TGA. For application of prepared TiO2 composites in the field of cosmetics, the anti-radicular antioxidant abilities were evaluated using ABTS and DPPH colorimetric antioxidant assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Organic/inorganic hybrid composites were successfully formed using esterification reaction between the carboxyl groups at TiO2 surface and the hydroxyl groups of the skin-lightening materials. The results demonstrate that both functionalized microspheres show scavenging ability towards the ABTS(•) and DPPH(•) radicals. Specifically, the phenylethyl resorcinol/TiO2 composites exhibited the highest antioxidant ability among the prepared samples owing to the presence of phenolic groups to scavenge free radicals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using this strategy, it could be possible to prepare not only inorganic UV filter but also hybrid organic/inorganic materials with multifunctions and advantages which would be in a great demand for cosmetic applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, Korea.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Leong
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, Korea.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Tonymoly Research Institute, Simin-daero 327 beon-gil 16, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: K-S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Hyun
authors.affiliation: Tonymoly Research Institute, Simin-daero 327 beon-gil 16, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: S-K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Tonymoly Research Institute, Simin-daero 327 beon-gil 16, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: G-H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Tonymoly Research Institute, Simin-daero 327 beon-gil 16, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: H-A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, Korea. seongoh@hanyang.ac.kr.
authors.forename: S-G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Oh
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D003358:Cosmetics; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D000081222:Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; D012118:Resorcinols / Q000737:chemistry*; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D003358:Cosmetics; D000081222:Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; D012118:Resorcinols; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C009495:titanium dioxide; C004497:bisabolol; D014025:Titanium; C031389:resorcinol
keywords: chemical analysis; chemical synthesis; formulation