title: Cost-Effectiveness of Different Forms of Intra-Articular Injections for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Knee.
abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA), as one of the leading causes of disability, decreases the quality of life for those suffering from the disease and creates a substantial financial burden. Intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) can provide relief from the symptoms of OA and multiple HA products are prescribed. The purpose of this study is to examine the single payer cost-effectiveness of various HA products in the treatment of knee OA.
  
  
  
  A single payer economic evaluation was conducted comparing Synvisc(®) (Sanofi, USA), Durolane(®) (Bioventus, USA), Hyalgan(®) (Fidia Pharma Inc., USA), Supartz™ (Bioventus, USA), and Euflexxa(®) (Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc., USA). Utility scores for HA products were obtained by extracting Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index pain, stiffness and function from randomized controlled trials and converting them to health utilities index mark 3 scores. The cost of a treatment included the cost of the HA injection, cost of a knee injection procedure and cost of a doctor's visit for each required injection. Cost-utility in 2015 USD per quality-adjusted life years (QALY) saved was calculated for each HA product, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were calculated to compare the effectiveness of HA products to one another and to conventional care.
  
  
  
  When compared to conventional care, all investigated HA products were cost-effective, assuming a willingness-to-pay threshold of $50,000/QALY gained. The HA product Euflexxa had the most favorable cost-utility ratio ($5785.52/QALY) when compared to all other HA brands.
  
  
  
  The present study showed several HA products to be cost-effective in comparison to conventional care, with Euflexxa having the most favorable cost/QALY gained ratio compared to the other HA products.
  
  
  
  Ferring Pharmaceutics Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, New York Presbyterian Queens, New York, USA. rosenje@nyp.org.|Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, USA. rosenje@nyp.org.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.affiliation: Sancheti Institute for Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Parag
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sancheti
authors.affiliation: Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc., Parsippany, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fierlinger
authors.affiliation: Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc., Parsippany, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Faizan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Niazi
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthopaedics, Department of Surgery, Centre for Evidence-Based Orthopaedics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, USA.
authors.forename: Herman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Johal
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Asheesh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bedi
mesh_terms: D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States; D014600:Utilization Review; D055675:Viscosupplements / Q000145:classification / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D055675:Viscosupplements; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid
keywords: Cost-effectiveness; Euflexxa; Hyaluronic acid; Knee; Osteoarthritis