title: Screening and Functional Analyses of Nilaparvata lugens Salivary Proteome.
abstract: Most phloem-feeding insects secrete gelling and watery saliva during the feeding process. However, the functions of salivary proteins are poorly understood. In this study, our purpose was to reveal the components and functions of saliva in a rice sap-sucking insect pest, Nilaparvata lugens. The accomplishment of the whole genome and transcriptome sequencing in N. lugens would be helpful for elucidating the gene information and expression specificity of the salivary proteins. In this study, we have, for the first time, identified the abundant protein components from gelling and watery saliva in a monophagous sap-sucking insect species through shotgun proteomic detection combined with the genomic and transcriptomic analysis. Eight unknown secreted proteins were limited to N. lugens, indicating species-specific saliva components. A group of annexin-like proteins first identified in the secreted saliva displayed different domain structure and expression specificity with typical insect annexins. Nineteen genes encoding five annexin-like proteins, six salivaps (salivary glands-specific proteins with unknown function), seven putative enzymes, and a mucin-like protein showed salivary gland-specific expression pattern, suggesting their importance in the physiological mechanisms of salivary gland and saliva in this insect species. RNA interference revealed that salivap-3 is a key protein factor in forming the salivary sheath, while annexin-like5 and carbonic anhydrase are indispensable for N. lugens survival. These novel findings will greatly help to clarify the detailed functions of salivary proteins in the physiological process of N. lugens and elucidate the interaction mechanisms between N. lugens and the rice plant, which could provide important targets for the future management of rice pests.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Jian
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Cheng-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Hui
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Ji-Chong
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Zhuo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Chuan-Xi
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Bao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D023281:Genomics; D006430:Hemiptera / Q000737:chemistry*; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D012275:Oryza; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis*; D040901:Proteomics; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000737:chemistry; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000032:analysis*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins; D020543:Proteome; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides
keywords: CA; RNA interference; annexin-like; planthopper; proteome; salivap; salivary protein