title: Immediate operative management of the fetus with airway anomalies resulting from congenital malformations.
abstract: Prenatal diagnosis has transformed the outcome of fetuses with airway obstruction. The thorough evaluation of prenatal imaging allows for categorizing fetuses with airway compromise into those who will require a special mode of delivery and those who can be delivered without any special resources. The ex-utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) approach allows accessing the airway while the fetus is under placental support, converting a potentially catastrophic situation into a controlled one. An expert multidisciplinary team is the key to success.
authors.affiliation: The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Electronic address: Laje@email.chop.edu.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Laje
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Sasha J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Tharakan
authors.affiliation: The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Holly L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Hedrick
mesh_terms: D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D046128:Fetal Therapies; D005333:Fetus; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D015619:Respiratory System Abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: CHAOS syndrome; Cervical lymphangioma; Cervical teratoma; Congenital airway obstruction; Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM); Ex-utero intrapartum treatment