title: Prevalence of Risk for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Association With Risk Factors in Primary Care.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a chronic, progressive disease with high morbidity and mortality. It is underdiagnosed, especially among women.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the prevalence of high risk for OSAS globally and for the Berlin Questionnaire (BQ) categories, and to evaluate the reliability of the BQ use in the population studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational, cross-sectional study with individuals from the Niterói Family Doctor Program, randomly selected, aged between 45 and 99 years. The visits occurred between August/2011 and December/2012. Variables associated with each BQ category and with high risk for OSAS (global) were included in logistic regression models (p < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the total (616), 403 individuals (65.4%) reported snoring. The prevalence of high risk for OSA was 42.4%, being 49.7% for category I, 10.2% for category II and 77.6% for category III.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BQ showed an acceptable reliability after excluding the questions Has anyone noticed that you stop breathing during your sleep? and Have you ever dozed off or fallen asleep while driving?. This should be tested in further studies with samples mostly comprised of women and low educational level individuals. Given the burden of OSAS-related diseases and risks, studies should be conducted to validate new tools and to adapt BQ to better screen OSAS.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiologia e Bioestatística, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kenia Vieira da
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiologia e Bioestatística, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Luiza Garcia
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antônio José Lagoeiro
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Jorge
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adson Renato
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fundamentos de Enfermagem e Administração, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Dayse Mary Silva
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Correia
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiologia e Bioestatística, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Davi de Sá
authors.initials: Dde S
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiologia e Bioestatística, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Diego Bragatto
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Cetto
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiologia e Bioestatística, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andreia da Paz
authors.initials: Ada P
authors.lastname: Brum
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiologia e Bioestatística, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Silveira Netto
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiologia e Bioestatística, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo Domingos
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006970:Disorders of Excessive Somnolence / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000503:physiopathology; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D012913:Snoring / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires