title: Application of clip traction in endoscopic submucosal dissection to the treatment of early esophageal carcinoma and precancerous lesions.
abstract: It is usually difficult to obtain a good view of the dissection plane during esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of clip traction in ESD for the treatment of early esophageal carcinoma (EEC) or precancerous lesions.
  
  
  
  This is a case-matched comparative study. We selected 100 EEC patients who had undergone ESD. Fifty cases underwent ESD without clip traction (non-clip group), and 50 cases underwent ESD with clip traction (clip group). The patient-related variables, dissection time, data regarding muscularis propria injury, etc. were statistically analyzed.
  
  
  
  ESD was successful in all cases without complication. There were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to age, gender, the longitudinal diameter of the lesions, etc. Wide visual field exposure of the submucosal tissue below the lesion was obtained by applying clip traction. The dissection time of ESD was shorter in the clip group than in the non-clip group [22.02 (6.77) min vs 26.48 (12.56); P = 0.018] when the extent of lesion was less than half of the circumference of the esophagus; otherwise, there was no difference between the two groups (P = 0.252). Moreover, the muscularis propria injuries in the clip group were obviously less than the non-clip group (10 vs 30 %, P = 0.007).
  
  
  
  Clip traction can decrease the rate of muscularis propria injury and shorten the dissection time. It is recommended as a safe and effective auxiliary procedure for the treatment of esophageal ESD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jian-Ying
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chao-Qiang
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China. shimingyang@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Shi-Ming
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People's Republic of China. yujing124@126.com.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4372-1353
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000069916:Endoscopic Mucosal Resection / Q000379:methods*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004945:Esophagoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000293:injuries; D061646:Operative Time; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D014143:Traction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Clip; Early esophageal carcinoma; Endoscopic submucosal dissection; High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia; Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia; Submucosa 1