title: Zinc complexes of flufenamic acid: Characterization and biological evaluation.
abstract: The reaction of ZnCl2with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug flufenamic acid (Hfluf) led to the formation of complex [Zn(fluf-O)2(MeOH)4], 1. When the reaction takes places in the presence of a N,N'-donor heterocyclic ligand such as 2.2'-bipyridylamine (bipyam), 2.2'-bipyridine (bipy), 1.10-phenanthroline (phen) and 2.2'-dipyridylketone oxime (Hpko), the complexes [Zn(fluf)2(bipyam)], 2, [Zn(fluf)2(bipy)], 3, [Zn(fluf)(phen)2(H2O)](fluf)·0.2MeOH, 4·0.2MeOH and [Zn(fluf)2(Hpko)2], 5 were isolated, respectively. The complexes were characterized by physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques and the crystal structures of complexes 2 and 4 were determined by X-ray crystallography. The ability of the complexes to scavenge 1.1-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl, 2.2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and hydroxyl radicals and to inhibit soybean lipoxygenase was evaluated; the complexes were more active than free Hfluf. The interaction of the complexes with serum albumins was investigated by fluorescence emission spectroscopy and the corresponding binding constants were calculated. UV-vis spectroscopy, viscosity measurements and fluorescence emission spectroscopy for the competitive studies of the complexes with ethidium bromide were the techniques employed to monitor the interaction of the complexes with calf-thymus DNA and revealed intercalation as the most possible mode of binding.
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 135, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Alketa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tarushi
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 135, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Philippos
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kastanias
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", GR-15310 Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Greece.
authors.forename: Catherine P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Raptopoulou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", GR-15310 Aghia Paraskevi Attikis, Greece.
authors.forename: Vassilis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Psycharis
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 135, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Dimitris P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Kessissoglou
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology and Nutrition, Alexandrion Technological Educational Institution, Sindos, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Athanasios N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Papadopoulos
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 135, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. Electronic address: gepsomas@chem.auth.gr.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Psomas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D056831:Coordination Complexes / Q000737:chemistry*; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry*; D005439:Flufenamic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D007364:Intercalating Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D008084:Lipoxygenase / Q000737:chemistry*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry*; D013025:Glycine max / Q000201:enzymology; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D056831:Coordination Complexes; D007364:Intercalating Agents; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D005439:Flufenamic Acid; D004247:DNA; C427203:calf thymus DNA; D008084:Lipoxygenase; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Biological activity; Flufenamic acid; Free radical scavenging; Interaction with DNA; Interaction with albumins; Zinc complexes