title: Air pollutants associated with insufficient birth weight.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A growing number of studies have shown consistent evidence of the harmful effects of air pollution on human health, as well as its effects on newborn weight. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of air pollution on birth weight, more specifically the insufficient birth weight (identified between 2,500 and 2,999 grams).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional study based on data gathered from all babies born to mothers living in São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil, between the years of 2006 to 2010. The association between maternal exposure to air pollution and birth weight was examined using logistic regression (both univariate and multivariate) to consider the average concentration of each pollutant during the 1st and 3rd trimesters and the months of the 1st trimester.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 39,453 total live births during the study period, 10,542 (26.7%) newborns had insufficient weight. In multiple logistic analysis, maternal exposure to particulate matter in the 1st and 3rd trimester of pregnancy had a greater chance for insufficient weight. There is a chance of 1.07 (95%CI 1.00 - 1.14) for an insufficient weight scenario for exposure (to the 2nd quartile) of particulate matter in the 1st trimester and 1.10 (95%CI 1.04 - 1.18) for exposure (the 3rd quartile) in the 3rd trimester.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The survey results indicate that maternal exposure to air pollution in the 1st and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy for residents of São José dos Campos create considerable potential to cause insufficient weight.
authors.affiliation: Universidade de Taubaté, Taubaté, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Veridiana de Paula
authors.initials: Vde P
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Universidade de Taubaté, Taubaté, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andréa Paula Peneluppi de
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.affiliation: Universidade de Taubaté, Taubaté, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thaiza Agostini Cordoba de
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Universidade de Taubaté, Taubaté, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Fernando Costa
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Nascimento
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000187:drug effects*; D001938:Brazil; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D011247:Pregnancy; D013997:Time Factors; D014504:Urban Health
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants