title: DNA Mini-barcoding for wildlife trade control: a case study on identification of highly processed animal materials.
abstract: Although DNA barcoding is an efficient tool for species identification, however, its efficiency is uncertain for samples having degraded DNA and incomplete isolation/amplification of COI gene fragment (>500 bp). DNA mini-barcoding is a solution to this problem because small DNA fragment of COI genes is used for species identification. Twelve highly processed, chemically treated and finished animal skin (coats, tanned skins) and fur (mufflers) samples, received from the Sindh Wildlife Department, Pakistan, were subjected to DNA mini-barcoding. Eight mufflers belonged to Vulpes vulpes, one coat to Ursus thibetanus, one tanned skin to Lutra sumatrana, and one muffler to Vulpes sp. Origin of only one coat sample remained unidentified, success rate of 92% indicative of the fact that the mini barcoding technique can be used as a substitute of conventional barcoding where full length barcode (∼650 bp Folmer region) cannot be generated.
authors.affiliation: a Bioresource Research Centre (BRC) , Islamabad , Pakistan.|b Institute of Natural and Management Sciences (INAM) , Rawalpindi , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Safia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Janjua
authors.affiliation: a Bioresource Research Centre (BRC) , Islamabad , Pakistan.|b Institute of Natural and Management Sciences (INAM) , Rawalpindi , Pakistan.
authors.lastname: Fakhar-I-Abbas
authors.affiliation: a Bioresource Research Centre (BRC) , Islamabad , Pakistan.|b Institute of Natural and Management Sciences (INAM) , Rawalpindi , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Kainaat
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: William
authors.affiliation: c Department of Zoology , Government College University , Faisalabad , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Inayat Ullah
authors.initials: IU
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.affiliation: d Sindh Wildlife Department , Karachi, Sindh , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Javed
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mehr
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D058893:DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic / Q000379:methods*; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics*; D010154:Pakistan; D010571:Pest Control; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV
keywords: DNA mini barcoding; lutra sp; vulpes sp; wildlife trade