title: Balanced control of both hyper and hypo-inflammatory phases as a new treatment paradigm in sepsis.
abstract: The immune response of the host against invading pathogens is clinically manifested as sepsis. Sepsis is a complicated process characterized by distinct phases that usually occur in a sequential manner. The initial hyper-inflammation helps in elimination of the pathogen, but potentially may lead to excessive tissue injury. Hypo-inflammation helps in restoring immune homeostasis, but may lead to significant immune suppression and death from secondary infections if not appropriately controlled. Immune-modulating intervention in sepsis should be based on a balanced control of both the hyper and the hypo-inflammatory phase.
authors.affiliation: 1 Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 2 Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece ; 3 Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Panagiotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tsirigotis
authors.affiliation: 1 Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 2 Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece ; 3 Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Spiros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chondropoulos
authors.affiliation: 1 Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 2 Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece ; 3 Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gkirkas
authors.affiliation: 1 Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 2 Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece ; 3 Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meletiadis
authors.affiliation: 1 Second Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece ; 2 Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece ; 3 Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Ioanna
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dimopoulou
keywords: Sepsis; cytokines; immune-suppression; inhibition; janus kinase