title: Diagnosis and evaluation of 100 dysphagia patients using videoendoscopy at a core hospital of a local city in Japan.
abstract: Japan has entered an era of a super-aging population, and given the importance of oral nutrition, the need to evaluate swallowing function has increased. Herein, we contribute to continued developments in evaluating eating and swallowing functions by describing current videoendoscopy (VE) usage and trends to evaluate and diagnose causes of dysphagia. In all, 100 patients (58 men and 42 women; mean age: 79 years) with suspected dysphagia were enrolled; 15 of these were re-examinations. Examinations were conducted according to the Japanese Society of Dysphagia Rehabilitation VE examination guidelines for swallowing. In this study, several patients (77.8 %) with poor vocalization and a saliva reservoir were unable to eat. While evaluating the relationship between aspiration and pharyngeal or laryngeal influx, we found that when pharyngeal and laryngeal influx were present, the risk of aspiration was high. Some patients (38.9 %) were able to eat despite lacking a cough reflex; thus, the absence of a cough reflex does not necessarily equate to an inability to eat, even in patients unable to ingest nutrition orally. One case could ingest nutrition, even with no cough reflex. The 6-month survival rate after the examination of patients on nil per os status was 57.1 %, specifically in patients unable to ingest nutrition orally. These results suggest that decreased eating and swallowing functions indicate a poor prognosis for the patient's quality of life, as eating and swallowing require smooth passage in the oral phase. Therefore, actively requesting a dental intervention and oral rehabilitation is important for a patient presenting these issues.
authors.affiliation: Towada City Hospital, Nishi 12-14-8, Towada, Aomori, 034-0093, Japan. yonenaga-tky@umin.ac.jp.|Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo University Graduate School of Medicine, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan. yonenaga-tky@umin.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kazumichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yonenaga
authors.affiliation: Division of Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Oncology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 35-1 8-cyhome Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideyuki J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Majima
authors.affiliation: Towada City Hospital, Nishi 12-14-8, Towada, Aomori, 034-0093, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeto
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oyama
authors.affiliation: Towada City Hospital, Nishi 12-14-8, Towada, Aomori, 034-0093, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.affiliation: Towada City Hospital, Nishi 12-14-8, Towada, Aomori, 034-0093, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanno
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D011788:Quality of Life; D014741:Video Recording
keywords: Dysphagia; Gerontology; Oral rehabilitation; Survival rate; Swallowing