title: Prolonged Intake of Dietary Lipids Alters Membrane Structure and T Cell Responses in LDLr-/- Mice.
abstract: Although it is recognized that lipids and membrane organization in T cells affect signaling and T cell activation, to what extent dietary lipids alter T cell responsiveness in the absence of obesity and inflammation is not known. In this study, we fed low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice a Western high-fat diet for 1 or 9 wk and examined T cell responses in vivo along with T cell lipid composition, membrane order, and activation ex vivo. Our data showed that high levels of circulating lipids for a prolonged period elevated CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell proliferation and resulted in an increased proportion of CD4(+) central-memory T cells within the draining lymph nodes following induction of contact hypersensitivity. In addition, the 9-wk Western high-fat diet elevated the total phospholipid content and monounsaturated fatty acid level, but decreased saturated phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin within the T cells. The altered lipid composition in the circulation, and of T cells, was also reflected by enhanced membrane order at the activation site of ex vivo activated T cells that corresponded to increased IL-2 mRNA levels. In conclusion, dietary lipids can modulate T cell lipid composition and responses in lipoprotein receptor knockout mice even in the absence of excess weight gain and a proinflammatory environment.
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia;
authors.forename: Abigail H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Pollock
authors.affiliation: School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia;
authors.forename: Nicodemus
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8226-8064
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tedla
authors.affiliation: Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia;
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7541-8901
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hancock
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia;
authors.forename: Rhea
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cornely
authors.affiliation: Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia;
authors.forename: Todd W
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1372-9963
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia;
authors.forename: Zhengmin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Australian and New Zealand Army Corps Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales 2139, Australia; and.
authors.forename: Maaike
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0848-5930
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kockx
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Bioscience and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Queensland, Australia, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7494-5248
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Parton
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia; k.gaus@unsw.edu.au j.rossy@unsw.edu.au.
authors.forename: Jérémie
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5128-5283
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rossy
authors.affiliation: European Molecular Biology Laboratory Australia Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia; k.gaus@unsw.edu.au j.rossy@unsw.edu.au.
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8009-9658
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gaus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003877:Dermatitis, Contact / Q000276:immunology*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000378:metabolism; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013109:Sphingomyelins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D007376:Interleukin-2; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D013109:Sphingomyelins