title: Ferulic acid exerts antitumor activity and inhibits metastasis in breast cancer cells by regulating epithelial to mesenchymal transition.
abstract: Metastasis, which frequently occurs in breast cancer, is the major cause of mortality; therefore, new treatment strategies are urgently needed. Ferulic acid, isolated from Ferula foetida, a perennial herb, has shown antineoplastic activity in various types of cancers, such as colon and lung cancer, and central nervous system tumors. However, its potential role in suppressing breast cancer metastasis has not been fully understood. In the present study, we evaluated the antitumor activity of ferulic acid in breast cancer cell line-based in vitro and in vivo models. We first showed that ferulic acid treatment resulted in decreased viability, increased apoptosis and suppression of metastatic potential in breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the antitumor activity of ferulic acid and its role in suppressing metastasis were regulated by the reversal of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Consistent with our findings in vitro, the antitumor potential of ferulic acid was also verified in an MDA-MB-231 xenograft mouse model where significantly decreased tumor volume, weight and increased apoptosis were observed. Taken together, these results indicate that ferulic acid may be used as an effective therapeutic agent against breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hongzhong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jingyuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hongyuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003373:Coumaric Acids; C004999:ferulic acid