title: Clinical Management of Head and Neck Cancer Cases: Role of Pharmacogenetics of CYP2 and GSTs.
abstract: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) describes a wide range of malignant tumors which originate in the upper aerodigestive tract and have a multifactorial origin involving both genetic and lifestyle risk factors. The clinical management of head and neck cancer involves surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. With the advances in treatment strategies for HNSCC, newer targeted therapies are adding to the progress already achieved in the multimodality management of patients although the problems of differences in drug response and adverse drug reactions are still grave concerns. Cancer pharmacogenomics has fast emerged as a new and promising field for the early identification of genetic markers that can predict drug response or toxicity. This could greatly help in identifying genetic markers useful for the selection of optimal drugs, dose, and treatment duration on an individual basis resulting in improved drug efficacy and decreased toxicity. This review focuses on the various treatment modalities available for the clinical management of HNSCC followed by a description of the contribution of genetic variations to chemotherapeutic toxicity and response. Furthermore, studies addressing the association of genetic variants of drug-metabolizing enzymes with treatment response in head and neck cancer are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, India.
authors.forename: Munindra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruwali
authors.forename: Ankur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dhawan
authors.forename: Mohan C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Pant
authors.forename: Qamar
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: S M Paul
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Khurana
authors.forename: Devendra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Parmar
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000072467:Cytochrome P450 Family 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000071184:Pharmacogenomic Variants / Q000235:genetics*; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods; D000077195:Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005819:Genetic Markers; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D000072467:Cytochrome P450 Family 2; D005982:Glutathione Transferase