title: Novel Concept and Method of Endoscopic Urethral Stricture Treatment Using Liquid Buccal Mucosal Graft.
abstract: We describe a novel method of urethral stricture treatment using liquid buccal mucosal grafts to augment direct vision internal urethrotomy.
  
  
  
  A rabbit stricture model was used to test this method. In phase 1 the concept of endoscopic liquid buccal mucosal graft implantation was tested by performing direct vision internal urethrotomy in 3 rabbits with immediate intraurethral injection of autologous liquid buccal mucosal grafts suspended in fibrin glue. Animals were sacrificed at 2 to 3 weeks and the urethras were examined for the presence of buccal mucosa engraftment. In phase 2 strictures were induced by electroresection in 9 rabbits divided into 2 groups, including 1) 6 rabbits treated with direct vision internal urethrotomy and liquid buccal mucosal grafts, and 2) 3 controls that underwent direct vision internal urethrotomy and injection of fibrin glue only. Two treated and 1 control animals were sacrificed at 8, 16 and 24 weeks each. Prior to sacrifice the animals underwent retrograde urethrograms and urethroscopy. Histological specimens were examined for the presence of buccal mucosal engraftment.
  
  
  
  In phase 1, 2 of the 3 rabbits demonstrated engraftment of buccal mucosa in the urethra after injection of liquid buccal mucosal grafts. In phase 2 all 6 treated animals demonstrated engraftment with resolution/improvement of strictures on retrograde urethrograms and urethroscopy. Controls had no buccal engraftment and showed fibrosis and chronic inflammation. One of the 3 controls had persistent stricture on retrograde urethrograms and cystoscopy.
  
  
  
  This proof of concept study demonstrated the feasibility of using liquid buccal mucosal grafts for endoscopic urethral stricture repair. Such a method may allow for wide application of this novel concept of using liquid buccal mucosal grafts to augment direct vision internal urethrotomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York; Department of Pathology (TC, SL), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York. Electronic address: nikolavd@upstate.edu.
authors.forename: Dmitriy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nikolavsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York; Department of Pathology (TC, SL), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.
authors.forename: Jared
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manwaring
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York; Department of Pathology (TC, SL), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.
authors.forename: Gennady
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bratslavsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York; Department of Pathology (TC, SL), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.
authors.forename: Tiffany
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Caza
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York; Department of Pathology (TC, SL), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Landas
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York; Department of Pathology (TC, SL), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hryniewicz-Jankowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York; Department of Pathology (TC, SL), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.
authors.forename: Leszek
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kotula
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008297:Male; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000637:transplantation*; D011817:Rabbits; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014521:Urethra / Q000601:surgery; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000601:surgery*; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000379:methods*
keywords: grafts; injections; minimally invasive surgical procedures; mouth mucosa; urethral stricture