title: Clinical Scenarios in Acute Kidney Injury: Hepatorenal Syndrome.
abstract: Renal failure commonly occurs in patients affected by cirrhosis, especially when there is ascites. It is typically secondary to intercurrent events that can further compromise blood flow in conditions of relatively decreased renal perfusion. Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a particular and common type of kidney failure that affects patients with liver cirrhosis or, less frequently, with fulminant hepatic failure. The syndrome is characterized by splanchnic vasodilation and renal vasoconstriction. The classification of HRS identifies 2 categories of kidney failure, known as type 1 and type 2 HRS, that occur in patients with either cirrhosis or fulminant hepatic failure.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meola
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nalesso
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Petrucci
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Samoni
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ronco
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006530:Hepatorenal Syndrome / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications; D017114:Liver Failure, Acute / Q000150:complications; D012079:Renal Circulation; D014661:Vasoconstriction