title: Oral administration of potassium bromate induces neurobehavioral changes, alters cerebral neurotransmitters level and impairs brain tissue of swiss mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Potassium bromate (KBrO3) is widely used as a food additive and is a major water disinfection by-product. The present study reports the side effects of KBrO3 administration on the brain functions and behaviour of albino mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animals were divided into three groups: control, low dose KBrO3 (100 mg/kg/day) and high dose KBrO3 (200 mg/kg/day) groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Administration of KBrO3 led to a significant change in the body weight in the animals of the high dose group in the first, second and the last weeks while water consumption was not significantly changed. Neurobehavioral changes and a reduced Neurotransmitters levels were observed in both KBrO3 groups of mice. Also, the brain level of reduced glutathione (GSH) in KBrO3 receiving animals was decreased. Histological studies favoured these biochemical results showing extensive damage in the histological sections of brain of KBrO3-treated animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that KBrO3 has serious damaging effects on the central nervous system and therefore, its use should be avoided.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Jamaan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ajarem
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Naif G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Altoom
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.|Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Allam
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Saleh N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Maodaa
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia. harrany@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mostafa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Abdel-Maksoud
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Billy Kc
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Chow
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001959:Bromates / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005503:Food Additives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001959:Bromates; D005503:Food Additives; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; C019536:potassium bromate; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Acetylcholine; Dopamine; Organ toxicity; Reduced glutathione; Serotonin