title: Use of the Chick Embryo Model in Uveal Melanoma.
abstract: Animal models play a crucial role in basic and translational oncology research. Conventional rodent experiments, however, face ethical, practical and technical issues that limit their use. The chick embryo represents an accessible and economical in vivo model, which has long been used in developmental biology and for the study of angiogenesis. It is also a recognised xenograft model, and because of its lack of immune system in early development, the chick embryo has established itself as a key model system for cancer research, with which to study various steps in the metastatic process. In this chapter, we review the chick embryo model and the technical approaches adopted by cancer biologists, including advances in real-time imaging, and discuss how this has been or can be applied to improve our understanding of the biological events during uveal melanoma development and metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Research, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kalirai
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Research, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Haleh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shahidipour
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Research, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Coupland
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gregorius
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Luyten
keywords: Chick embryo; Chorioallantoic membrane; Metastasis; Uveal melanoma