title: Long-term soy consumption and tumor tissue MicroRNA and gene expression in triple-negative breast cancer.
abstract: Soy food intake may have protective effects against the risk for breast cancer, including estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.
  
  
  
  To evaluate the association of soy intake with the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) and genes in the tumor tissue of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC; ie, breast cancer lacking expression of ER, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2), the expression of 800 miRNAs and 302 genes were measured with NanoString nCounter assays in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissue from 272 TNBC patients. Soy intake during the 1-year period before the cancer diagnosis was assessed with a validated food-frequency questionnaire. The association of soy intake with the expression of miRNAs and genes was evaluated via linear regression analysis with adjustments for patient age and TNM stage.
  
  
  
  A total of 14 miRNAs and 24 genes were significantly associated with soy food intake (P < .05): Thirteen of the 14 miRNAs (92.9%) and 9 of the 24 genes (37.5%), including tumor suppressors miR-29a-3p and IGF1R, showed overexpression for those women with high soy intake, whereas the remaining miRNAs and genes, including oncogenes KRAS and FGFR4, showed underexpression. Furthermore, cell growth-related genes showed a predominantly underexpression pattern according to a comparison of tumor samples from women with high soy food intake and samples from women with lower soy food intake.
  
  
  
  This study suggests that long-term prediagnosis soy intake may lead to increased expression of tumor suppressors and decreased expression of oncogenes, especially cell growth-related genes, in breast tumor tissues. Cancer 2016;122:2544-51. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Xingyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Qiuyin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Pingping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Wanqing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ou
authors.initials: XO
authors.lastname: Shu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019295:Computational Biology; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011159:Population Surveillance; D045730:Soy Foods; D064726:Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: gene expression; microRNA (miRNA) expression; soy consumption; triple-negative breast cancer