title: An Early Passage Human Isolate of Kyasanur Forest Disease Virus Shows Acute Neuropathology in Experimentally Infected CD-1 Mice.
abstract: Kyasanur Forest disease virus (KFDV) is a tick-borne Flavivirus that causes a severe illness in humans. Disease spectrum can vary from subclinical infection to fatal cases with hemorrhagic complications. The pathology of KFDV remains incompletely understood.
  
  
  
  This study describes the histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings in experimentally infected infant CD-1 mice with an early passage human KFDV isolate.
  
  
  
  Acute histological changes were primarily seen in the brain. The spectrum of changes included gliosis, inflammatory response, necrosis, neural loss, and syncytium formation in mid and hind brain structures. Microscopic lesions observed in the liver were mainly necrosis and vacuolation of hepatocytes and in small intestine, prominent epithelial cell necrosis. KFDV antigens could be stained by a sensitive immunohistochemical labeling in the same organs.
  
  
  
  Findings from this study are suggestive of neuropathology as the main manifestation of an early passaged human KFDV isolate. Importantly, this suggests that KFDV may be causing primarily a neurologic disease and secondary organ damage could be because of disease pathology per se. The use of primary low passage human isolates and neuropathology profile could also be more apt in developing a challenge model for testing potential antivirals and therapeutic agents.
authors.affiliation: 1 Electron Microscopy & Pathology Group, National Institute of Virology , Pune, India .
authors.forename: Atanu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Basu
authors.affiliation: 2 BSL4 Laboratory, National Institute of Virology , Pune, India .
authors.forename: Pragya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.affiliation: 1 Electron Microscopy & Pathology Group, National Institute of Virology , Pune, India .
authors.forename: Sharda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.affiliation: 2 BSL4 Laboratory, National Institute of Virology , Pune, India .
authors.forename: Sachin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Badole
authors.affiliation: 2 BSL4 Laboratory, National Institute of Virology , Pune, India .
authors.forename: Dilip
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.affiliation: 1 Electron Microscopy & Pathology Group, National Institute of Virology , Pune, India .
authors.forename: Rajendra Motilal
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Kohlapure
authors.affiliation: 2 BSL4 Laboratory, National Institute of Virology , Pune, India .
authors.forename: Devendra T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Mourya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002494:Central Nervous System Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D004669:Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne; D006801:Humans; D007733:Kyasanur Forest Disease / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D051379:Mice
keywords: Human isolate; Immunohistochemistry; KFD; Pathology