title: Effects of Human Development Index and Its Components on Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality: a Global Ecological Study.
abstract: Geographic disparity for colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality according to the human development index (HDI) might be expected. This study aimed at quantifying the effect measure of association HDI and its components on the CRC incidence and mortality. In this ecological study, CRC incidence and mortality was obtained from GLOBOCAN, the global cancer project for 172 countries. Data were extracted about HDI 2013 for 169 countries from the World Bank report. Linear regression was constructed to measure effects of HDI and its components on CRC incidence and mortality. A positive trend between increasing HDI of countries and age-standardized rates per 100,000 of CRC incidence and mortality was observed. Among HDI components education was the strongest effect measure of association on CRC incidence and mortality, regression coefficients (95% confidence intervals) being 2.8 (2.4, 3.2) and 0.9 (0.8, 1), respectively. HDI and its components were positively related with CRC incidence and mortality and can be considered as targets for prevention and treatment intervention or tracking geographic disparities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran E-mail: aubi65@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Salman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khazaei
authors.forename: Shahab
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rezaeian
authors.forename: Somayeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khazaei
authors.forename: Kamyar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mansori
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sanjari Moghaddam
authors.forename: Erfan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ayubi
mesh_terms: D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality*; D004463:Ecology; D014943:Global Health; D006803:Human Development; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008017:Life Expectancy; D011379:Prognosis; D015996:Survival Rate