title: Safety of intravitreal quinupristin/dalfopristin in an animal model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether different intravitreal doses of quinupristin/dalfopristin lead to electroretinographic or histological changes in the rabbit retina over one month period after injection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three treatment groups (groups 1 to 3) and different intravitreal doses of quinupristin/dalfopristin were tested in each group. The right eye was injected with the drug and the left eye received intravitreal injection of 5% dextrose water and served as control eye. The doses delivered to each group were 0.1 mg/0.1 mL, 1 mg/0.1 mL and 10 mg/0.1 mL. Simultaneous, bilateral, dark-adapted electroretinography and clinical images of both eyes were obtained in all groups before injection (baseline) and after 7, 14, 21 and 28d, followed by enucleation for histological examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects in the group 1 showed no signs of toxicity in the electroretinogram when compared with groups 2 and 3 (Kruskall-Wallis test, P=0.000). By day 7, no electrical response to light stimuli was recorded in the treated eyes in groups 2 and 3, consistent with severe damage due to retinal toxicity. Light microscopy revealed no significant histopathological changes in the group 1, while rabbits in groups 2 and 3 had signs of granulomatous inflammation in most cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravitreal 0.1 mg/0.1 mL doses of quinupristin/dalfopristin do not lead to electroretinographic or histological signs of retinal toxicity compared with 1 mg/0.1 mL and 10 mg/0.1 mL in this rabbit model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Retina and Vitreous Service, Asociacion para Evitar la Ceguera en Mexico, Vicente García Torres 46, Coyoacán, Barrio San Lucas, Mexico City 04030, Mexico.
authors.forename: Veronica E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Giordano
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Service, Clinica David, Boulevard García de León 598, Nueva Chapultepec, Morelia, Michoacán 58280, Mexico.
authors.forename: Sergio E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hernandez-Da Mota
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Retina and Vitreous Service, Asociacion para Evitar la Ceguera en Mexico, Vicente García Torres 46, Coyoacán, Barrio San Lucas, Mexico City 04030, Mexico.
authors.forename: Tania N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Adabache-Guel
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Glaucoma Service, Asociacion para Evitar la Ceguera en Mexico, Vicente García Torres 46, Coyoacán, Barrio San Lucas, Mexico City 04030, Mexico.
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Castillejos-Chevez
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Pathology Service, Asociacion para Evitar la Ceguera en Mexico, Vicente García Torres 46, Coyoacán, Barrio San Lucas, Mexico City 04030, Mexico.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Corredor-Casas
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Retina and Vitreous Service, Asociacion para Evitar la Ceguera en Mexico, Vicente García Torres 46, Coyoacán, Barrio San Lucas, Mexico City 04030, Mexico.
authors.forename: Samantha M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Salinas-Longoria
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Retina and Vitreous Service, Asociacion para Evitar la Ceguera en Mexico, Vicente García Torres 46, Coyoacán, Barrio San Lucas, Mexico City 04030, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Romero-Vera
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Retina and Vitreous Service, Asociacion para Evitar la Ceguera en Mexico, Vicente García Torres 46, Coyoacán, Barrio San Lucas, Mexico City 04030, Mexico.
authors.forename: Juan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jimenez-Sierra
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Retina and Vitreous Service, Asociacion para Evitar la Ceguera en Mexico, Vicente García Torres 46, Coyoacán, Barrio San Lucas, Mexico City 04030, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jose L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Guerrero-Naranjo
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Retina and Vitreous Service, Asociacion para Evitar la Ceguera en Mexico, Vicente García Torres 46, Coyoacán, Barrio San Lucas, Mexico City 04030, Mexico.
authors.forename: Virgilio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Morales-Canton
keywords: endophthalmitis; quinupristin/dalfopristin; retinal toxicity