title: Transversus abdominis plane block as the primary anesthetic for peritoneal dialysis catheter surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The primary goal of this study was to determine whether transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks were effective as the primary anesthetic technique for insertion and/or removal of peritoneal dialysis catheters.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study is a descriptive case series investigation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Operating rooms at a tertiary care academic medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status 3 and 4, were included in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who had received a TAP block preoperatively for open surgical insertion or removal of a peritoneal dialysis catheter over a 26-month period with the intent of the block to serve as the primary anesthetic were included in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Preoperative and intraoperative sedative medications and local anesthetic medications were analyzed. The primary outcome of the study was the ability of the TAP block to provide surgical anesthesia as determined by a lack of need to convert to general anesthesia (defined by placement of an airway device, use of volatile anesthetics, intraoperative propofol infusion dose equal to or greater than 100 μg kg(-1) min(-1)). Secondary outcomes included analysis of any complications from the higher concentrations of local anesthetics required for surgical block.
  Of 24 patients, 21 underwent the procedure without conversion to general anesthesia as defined above. No complications related to local anesthetics were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transversus abdominis plane blockade can be successful at serving as the primary anesthetic modality for the insertion and/or removal of a peritoneal dialysis catheter by open-surgical approach. There were no systemic toxic effects or other complications recorded.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1009, United States. Electronic address: dhenshaw@wakehealth.edu.
authors.forename: Daryl S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Henshaw
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1009, United States.
authors.forename: Matthew L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1009, United States.
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Weller
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1009, United States.
authors.forename: Jon Wellington
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1009, United States.
authors.forename: Jonathan Douglas
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Jaffe
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000187:drug effects*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local
keywords: Peritoneal dialysis; Surgical anesthesia; TAP block