title: First report of transmission of canine leishmaniosis through bite wounds from a naturally infected dog in Germany.
abstract: Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) is an important zoonosis caused by Leishmania (L.) infantum. Transmission of L. infantum to dogs (and humans) is mainly through the bite of infected sandflies, but the parasite can also be transmitted vertically, venereally and through blood transfusions of infected donors. Additionally, the direct dog-to-dog transmission through bites or wounds is suspected.
  
  
  
  In December 2015, a female eight-year-old Jack-Russell-Terrier was tested positive for CanL in Germany (ELISA 74, IFAT 1:4.000). The dog had never been in an endemic area, had never received a blood transfusion and had never been used for breeding. Another female Jack-Russell-Terrier (born 2009 in Spain) was kept in the same household between 2011 and 2012. That dog was imported to Germany in 2011 and was tested positive for leishmaniosis in 2012. The Spanish-born dog had received several bite wounds, i.a. in the neck, during fights with the German-born Terrier.
  
  
  
  This may be the first report of transmission of L. infantum through bite wounds from a naturally infected dog in Germany.
authors.affiliation: Parasitus Ex e.V., Vollbergstraße 37, 53859, Niederkassel, Germany. TJNaucke@aol.com.|Department of Zoology, Division of Parasitology, University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany. TJNaucke@aol.com.|Laboklin GmbH & Co. KG, Steubenstraße 4, 97688, Bad Kissingen, Germany. TJNaucke@aol.com.
authors.forename: Torsten J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Naucke
authors.affiliation: Kleintierpraxis Amelung, In der Schart 1, 52222, Stolberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amelung
authors.affiliation: Parasitus Ex e.V., Vollbergstraße 37, 53859, Niederkassel, Germany.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lorentz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D001733:Bites and Stings / Q000150:complications / Q000662:veterinary*; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious / Q000662:veterinary; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission*; D004285:Dogs; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D007891:Leishmania / Q000276:immunology*; D007896:Leishmaniasis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D019838:Neck Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000662:veterinary*; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan
keywords: Bite wounds; Canine leishmaniosis; Dog-to-dog transmission; Germany