title: Jojoba Oil Soft Colloidal Nanocarrier of a Synthetic Retinoid: Preparation, Characterization and Clinical Efficacy in Psoriatic Patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nanotechnology has provided substantial benefits in drug delivery, especially in the treatment of dermatological diseases. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in which topical delivery of antipsoriatic agents is considered the first line treatment.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether the encapsulation of the synthetic retinoid tazarotene in a nanocarrier based on jojoba oil would decrease its irritation potential and clinically improve its therapeutic outcome in psoriatic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A microemulsion system based on jojoba wax and labrasol/plurol isostearique was prepared and characterized.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The selected formula displayed spherical morphology, particle size of 15.49±2.41 nm, polydispersity index of 0.20 ±0.08, negative charge and low viscosity. The microemulsion provided two folds increase in skin deposition of tazarotene, correlating with higher reduction in psoriatic patients PASI scores after treatment (68% reduction in PASI scores versus 8.96% reduction with the marketed gel). No irritation was encountered in patients using microemulsion, with redness and inflammation reported with the marketed gel-treated patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Jojoba oil microemulsion proved to be advantageous in reducing the irritancy of tazarotene, enhancing its skin deposition and achieving better therapeutic outcome in psoriatic patients.
authors.affiliation: Ain Shams University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy- Monazamet El Wehda El Afrikia St., El Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Maha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nasr
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Sameh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abdel-Hamid
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, STDs and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Minya University, Al-Minya, Egypt.
authors.forename: Noha H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Moftah
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Technology Unit, Department of Medical Applications of Lasers, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Maha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fadel
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Department, Tabuk University, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdullah A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Alyoussef
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D053758:Nanoparticles; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012176:Retinoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014885:Waxes / Q000737:chemistry*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D012176:Retinoids; D014885:Waxes; C034743:jojoba wax
keywords: Ex-vivo deposition; jojoba oil; microemulsion; pseudoternary phase diagram; psoriasis; tazarotene