title: Multichannel Exchange-Scattering Spin Polarimetry.
abstract: Electron spin plays important roles in determining the physical and chemical properties of matter. However, measurements of electron spin are of poor quality, impeding the development of material sciences, because the spin polarimeter has a low efficiency. Here, we show an imaging-type exchange-scattering spin polarimeter with 6786 channels and an 8.5×10^{-3} single channel efficiency. As a demonstration, the fine spin structure of the electronic states in bismuth (111) is investigated, for which strong Rashba-type spin splitting behavior is seen in both the bulk and surface states. This improvement paves the way to study novel spin related phenomena with unprecedented accuracy.
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, and Surface Physics Laboratory (National Key Laboratory), Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
authors.forename: Fuhao
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, and Surface Physics Laboratory (National Key Laboratory), Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
authors.forename: Tan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, China.
authors.forename: Mao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Weishi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, and Surface Physics Laboratory (National Key Laboratory), Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 319 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Jiajia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 319 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, China.|School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 319 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qiao