title: Postoperative Analgesia Due to Sustained-Release Buprenorphine, Sustained-Release Meloxicam, and Carprofen Gel in a Model of Incisional Pain in Rats (Rattus norvegicus).
abstract: Postoperative analgesia in laboratory rats is complicated by the frequent handling associated with common analgesic dosing requirements. Here, we evaluated sustained-release buprenorphine (Bup-SR), sustained-release meloxicam (Melox-SR), and carprofen gel (CG) as refinements for postoperative analgesia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether postoperative administration of Bup-SR, Melox-SR, or CG effectively controls behavioral mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity in a rat model of incisional pain. Rats were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 treatment groups: saline, 1 mL/kg SC BID; buprenorphine HCl (Bup HCl), 0.05 mg/kg SC BID; Bup-SR, 1.2 mg/kg SC once; Melox-SR, 4 mg/kg SC once; and CG, 2 oz PO daily. Mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity were tested daily from day-1 through 4. Bup HCl and Bup-SR attenuated mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity on days 1 through 4. Melox-SR and CG attenuated mechanical hypersensitivity-but not thermal hypersensitivity-on days 1 through 4. Plasma concentrations, measured by using UPLC with mass spectrometry, were consistent between both buprenorphine formulations. Gross pathologic examination revealed no signs of toxicity in any group. These findings suggest that postoperative administration of Bup HCl and Bup-SR-but not Melox-SR or CG-effectively attenuates mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity in a rat model of incisional pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. travis.seymour@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Travis L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Seymour
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: Sean C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Felt
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Katechan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jampachaisri
authors.affiliation: Departments of Anesthesia, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Yeomans
authors.affiliation: Departments of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: Cholawat
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pacharinsak
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002047:Buprenorphine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D000077239:Meloxicam; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013843:Thiazines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D002227:Carbazoles; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D013843:Thiazines; D013844:Thiazoles; D002047:Buprenorphine; C007005:carprofen; D000077239:Meloxicam