title: Short-term in vivo modifications of platelet NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) and prostaglandin F2αin HIV-1 patients on abacavir-based therapies.
abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the in vivo effect of abacavir (ABC) on platelet oxidative stress.
  
  
  
  We performed a randomized pilot study including 39 HIV-1-infected patients, 17 on zidovudine/lamivudine (ZDV/3TC) and 22 on tenofovir/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC). Ten patients on ZDV/3TC and eight patients on TDF/FTC were randomly allocated to switching the nucleoside backbone to ABC/3TC. At baseline and after 6 months, platelet oxidative stress was assessed by platelet NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)-derived peptide (sNOX2-dp), a marker of NOX2 activation, and platelet prostaglandin F2α(8-iso-PGF2α). Platelet activation was measured by soluble CD40L (sCD40L).
  
  
  
  At baseline, no differences between ZDV/3TC or TDF/FTC recipients were found. After 6 months, patients switching from ZDV/3TC showed a decrease of sNOX2-dp (from 20.9±5.7 to 12.5±3.8 pg/ml, p=0.002) and 8-iso-PGF2α(from 154.3±41.9 to 122.9±28.0 pmol/l, p=0.025). No effects on platelet oxidative stress biomarkers were observed in subjects from TDF/FTC, who showed a significant increase in blood glucose (p=0.043) and total cholesterol (p=0.027). ABC showed no effect on sCD40L levels in both groups.
  
  
  
  ABC reduced platelet sNOX2-dp and 8-iso-PGF2αin HIV-1 subjects switching from ZDV/3TC but not in those from TDF/FTC after 6 months. No changes in platelet activation were found in both groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pastori
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy.|Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Latina, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carnevale
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bartimoccia
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nocella
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fantauzzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy. pasquale.pignatelli@uniroma1.it.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pignatelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Violi
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mezzaroma
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology*; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000097:blood; D015224:Dideoxynucleosides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D000074662:NADPH Oxidase 2; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000032:analysis*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015539:Platelet Activation; D055815:Young Adult; D000099227:Abacavir
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D023201:CD40 Ligand; D015224:Dideoxynucleosides; D015237:Dinoprost; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D000074662:NADPH Oxidase 2; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D000099227:Abacavir; C056558:CYBB protein, human
keywords: HIV-1 infection; NADPH oxidase; abacavir; isoprostanes; platelet activation