title: GC-MS evaluation of Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf oil obtained using modified hydrodistillation and microwave extraction methods.
abstract: Bioactive compounds of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil, using different media have been tentatively identified with the aid of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Hydrodistillation was complemented using weakly acidic and alkaline media for the oil extraction. Solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) was also used. Analyses of the oils revealed the presence of 7, 16, 22, and 15 compounds in the water-distilled (WD), microwave-distilled (MD), acid-distilled (AD), and base-distilled (BD), essential oils, respectively. Total yield of the volatile fractions was 0.73%, 0.64%, 0.70%, and 0.45%, respectively. Citral was found to be the major component, the base extraction having the highest content. This was followed by 2-isopropenyl-5-methylhex-4-enal, p-cymene, and 2-thujene. The antimicrobial, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities and assessment of medicinal/nutritional uses of the essential oils are subjects of future studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
authors.forename: E O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Ajayi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Sadimenko
authors.affiliation: MPED Research Centre, Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa. Electronic address: aafolayan@ufh.ac.za.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Afolayan
mesh_terms: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D031743:Cymbopogon / Q000737:chemistry*; D000081007:Cymenes; D057168:Distillation / Q000379:methods; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008872:Microwaves; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000032:analysis*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000081007:Cymenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010938:Plant Oils; C007210:4-cymene; C007076:citral
keywords: 1,3,8-p-Menthatriene (PubChem CID: 176983); 2,3-Epoxy-geranylacetate (PubChem CID: 536453); 2-Methylbenzoxazole (PubChem CID: 7225); 2-Octanone (PubChem CID: 8093); 2-Undecanone (PubChem CID: 8163); Cis-citral (PubChem CID: 643779); Cymbopogon citratus; Essential oil; Geranyl butanoate (PubChem CID: 5355856); Modified hydrodistillation; Solvent free microwave extraction; Trans-citral (PubChem CID: 638011); Tricontane (PubChem CID: 12535); m-Toluamide (PubChem CID: 69253); p-Cymene (PubChem CID: 7463)