title: Engineering of a multi-station shoulder simulator.
abstract: This work aimed to engineer a multi-station shoulder simulator in order to wear test shoulder prostheses using recognized shoulder activities of daily living. A bespoke simulator was designed, built and subject to commissioning trials before a first wear test was conducted. Five JRI Orthopaedics Reverse Shoulder VAIOS 42 mm prostheses were tested for 2.0 million cycles and a mean wear rate and standard deviation of 14.2 ± 2.1 mm(3)/10(6) cycles measured for the polymeric glenoid components. This result when adjusted for prostheses diameters and test conditions showed excellent agreement with results from hip simulator studies of similar materials in a lubricant of bovine serum. The Newcastle Shoulder Simulator is the first multi-station shoulder simulator capable of applying physiological motion and loading for typical activities of daily living.
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical and Systems Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK adobewombat@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Simon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering Technology and Maritime Operations, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical and Systems Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Joyce
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011095:Polyethylenes; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012782:Shoulder / Q000502:physiology*; D000072227:Shoulder Prosthesis
chemical_list: D011095:Polyethylenes; C111601:ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene
keywords: CoCrMo; Simulator; UHMWPE; shoulder; validation; wear