title: Comparison of Color Fundus Photography, Infrared Fundus Photography, and Optical Coherence Tomography in Detecting Retinal Hamartoma in Patients with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A sensitive method is required to detect retinal hamartomas in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). The aim of the present study was to compare the color fundus photography, infrared imaging (IFG), and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the detection rate of retinal hamartoma in patients with TSC.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 11 patients (22 eyes) with TSC, who underwent color fundus photography, IFG, and spectral-domain OCT to detect retinal hamartomas. TSC1 and TSC2RESULTS: The mean age of the 11 patients was 8.0 ± 2.1 years. The mean spherical equivalent was -0.55 ± 1.42 D by autorefraction with cycloplegia. In 11 patients (22 eyes), OCT, infrared fundus photography, and color fundus photography revealed 26, 18, and 9 hamartomas, respectively. The predominant hamartoma was type I (55.6%). All the hamartomas that detected by color fundus photography or IFG can be detected by OCT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among the methods of color fundus photography, IFG, and OCT, the OCT has higher detection rate for retinal hamartoma in TSC patients; therefore, OCT might be promising for the clinical diagnosis of TSC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045; Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Da-Yong
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China.
authors.forename: Jun-Yang
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Ning-Li
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006222:Hamartoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010781:Photography / Q000379:methods*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*; D014402:Tuberous Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis*