title: Extravasation reactions associated with the administration of pamidronate: 11 cases (2008-2013).
abstract: Pamidronate is a bisphosphonate drug widely utilized in veterinary oncologic practice for the palliation of malignant osteolysis. Pamidronate has not been previously reported to cause tissue injury upon extravasation in dogs. The medical records of 11 client-owned dogs undergoing palliative treatment for primary bone tumors with known or suspected pamidronate extravasation reactions were reviewed. The majority of adverse events were low grade in nature, however in some cases, the reactions were severe and led to euthanasia in one instance. Time to complete resolution of lesions ranged from within several days to greater than one and a half months. Aside from the dog that was euthanized, no long-term sequelae of extravasation were identified. Treatments employed to address the reactions varied widely. Pamidronate extravasation reaction appears to be an uncommon, but potentially serious complication of intravenous administration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA, 01536, USA.
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Marker
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA, 01536, USA.
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Barber
authors.affiliation: Red Bank Veterinary Hospital, Tinton Falls, NJ, 07724, USA.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Clifford
authors.affiliation: Animal Cancer Care Clinic, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, 33304, USA.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Correa
authors.affiliation: Metropolitan Veterinary Hospital, Akron, OH, 44321, USA.
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Thalhofer
authors.affiliation: Southeast Veterinary Oncology, Orange Park, FL, 32073, USA.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: LaDue
authors.affiliation: Red Bank Veterinary Hospital, Tinton Falls, NJ, 07724, USA.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Mullin
authors.affiliation: Oakland Veterinary Referral Services, Bloomfield Hills, MI, 48302, USA.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Sauerbrey
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Referral and Emergency Center of Westbury, Westbury, NY, USA.
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wood
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000187:drug effects*; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000662:veterinary*; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010014:Osteolysis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D000077268:Pamidronate; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates; D000077268:Pamidronate
keywords: comparative oncology; oncology; small animal; small animal internal medicine; supportive care