title: The Interactome of the Glucocorticoid Receptor and Its Influence on the Actions of Glucocorticoids in Combatting Inflammatory and Infectious Diseases.
abstract: Glucocorticoids (GCs) have been widely used for decades as a first-line treatment for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, their use is often hampered by the onset of adverse effects or resistance. GCs mediate their effects via binding to glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a transcription factor belonging to the family of nuclear receptors. An important aspect of GR's actions, including its anti-inflammatory capacity, involves its interactions with various proteins, such as transcription factors, cofactors, and modifying enzymes, which codetermine receptor functionality. In this review, we provide a state-of-the-art overview of the protein-protein interactions (PPIs) of GR that positively or negatively affect its anti-inflammatory properties, along with mechanistic insights, if known. Emphasis is placed on the interactions that affect its anti-inflammatory effects in the presence of inflammatory and microbial diseases.
authors.affiliation: Receptor Research Laboratories, Cytokine Receptor Lab, Medical Biotechnology Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Ioanna
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Petta
authors.affiliation: Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Lien
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dejager
authors.affiliation: Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Marlies
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ballegeer
authors.affiliation: Receptor Research Laboratories, Cytokine Receptor Lab, Medical Biotechnology Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Sam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lievens
authors.affiliation: Receptor Research Laboratories, Cytokine Receptor Lab, Medical Biotechnology Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tavernier
authors.affiliation: Receptor Research Laboratories, Cytokine Receptor Lab, Medical Biotechnology Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab, Medical Biotechnology Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium karolien.debosscher@vib-ugent.be.
authors.forename: Karolien
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: De Bosscher
authors.affiliation: Inflammation Research Center, VIB, Ghent, Belgium Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Libert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D060066:Protein Interaction Maps; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000502:physiology*; D050791:STAT Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D050791:STAT Transcription Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta