title: Effects of maternal diet and environmental exposure to organochlorine pesticides on newborn weight in Southern Spain.
abstract: An appropriate eating pattern is essential during childbearing years and pregnancy to ensure a healthy pregnancy and newborn. Our group developed a Mediterranean Diet Score for Pregnancy (MDS-P) based on the MD and the specific need of pregnant women for Fe, Ca, and folic acid. Humans are daily exposed to endocrine disruptors, which may alter body weight and hormone system regulation. This study analyzed the relationship of maternal diet and in utero exposure to organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) with newborn weight in mothers and newborns from Southern Spain. Higher MDS-P score, folic acid supplementation, and greater in utero exposure to endosulfan-diol and endosulfan-1 were related to higher newborn weight. MDS-P score was not associated with maternal weight gain during pregnancy (above or below 12 Kg). Residues from one or more OCPs were detected in 96.5% of umbilical cord serum samples from 320 newborns. The most frequent residues were endosulfans (96.5%). The presence of endosulfan-diol, endosulfan-I, p-p´DDT, folic acid supplementation, and a higher MDS-P (>8) were predictive factors for newborn overweight (>3500 g). Conversely, smoking during pregnancy, shorter gestation time (32-36 vs. 37-39 weeks), and lesser maternal weight gain during pregnancy predicted lower newborn weight (<2500 g). These results indicate prenatal exposure to OCPs in Southern Spain and its possible impact on the weight of healthy full-term newborns. Further studies are warranted to interpret the consequences of this exposure and identify preventive measures. Adherence to the MD and folic acid supplementation during pregnancy emerged as predictive factors for overweight in newborns.
authors.affiliation: Research Group Nutrition, Diet and Risk Assessment (AGR-255), Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; School of Hospitality, Culinary Arts and Meal Science, Örebro University, Grythyttan, Sweden.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Monteagudo
authors.affiliation: Research Group Nutrition, Diet and Risk Assessment (AGR-255), Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain; School of Hospitality, Culinary Arts and Meal Science, Örebro University, Grythyttan, Sweden; Department of Food Technology, Nutrition and Food Science, University of Murcia, Campus de Lorca, 30800, Lorca, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mariscal-Arcas
authors.affiliation: Research Group Nutrition, Diet and Risk Assessment (AGR-255), Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Heras-Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Research Group Nutrition, Diet and Risk Assessment (AGR-255), Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ibañez-Peinado
authors.affiliation: Research Group Nutrition, Diet and Risk Assessment (AGR-255), Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rivas
authors.affiliation: Research Group Nutrition, Diet and Risk Assessment (AGR-255), Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain. Electronic address: folea@ugr.es.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Olea-Serrano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000187:drug effects*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D010575:Pesticides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000139:chemically induced*; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D010575:Pesticides
keywords: Mediterranean diet; Organochlorine pesticides; Prenatal exposure; Umbilical cord blood