title: [A Grounded Theory Approach on Nurses' Experience with Workplace Bullying].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the workplace bullying experience of Korean nurses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were twenty current or former hospital nurses who had experienced workplace bullying. Data were collected through focus group and individual in-depth interviews from February to May, 2015. Theoretical sampling method was applied to the point of theoretical saturation. Transcribed interview contents were analyzed using Corbin and Strauss's grounded theory method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 110 concepts, 48 sub-categories, and 17 categories were identified through the open coding process. As a result of axial coding based on the paradigm model, the central phenomenon of nurses' workplace bullying experience was revealed as 'teaching that has become bullying', and the core category was extracted as 'surviving in love-hate teaching' consisting of a four-step process: confronting reality, trial and error, relationship formation, and settlement. The relationship formation was considered to be the key phase to proceed to the positive settlement phase, and the participants utilized various strategies such as having an open mind, developing human relationships, understanding each other in this phase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The in-depth understanding of the workplace bullying experience has highlighted the importance of effective communication for cultivating desirable human relationships between nurses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jiyeon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Youngsan University, Yangsan, Korea. syyun@ysu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Seonyoung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yun
mesh_terms: D058445:Bullying; D017144:Focus Groups; D066296:Grounded Theory; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D009726:Nurses / Q000523:psychology*; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital; D013637:Tape Recording; D017132:Workplace
keywords: Bullying; Grounded theory; Interpersonal relations; Nurses; Workplace