title: Expression of thioredoxin-1 (TXN) and its relation with oxidative DNA damage and treatment outcome in adult AML and ALL: A comparative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Thioredoxin-1 (TXN) is a key element in the elimination of reactive oxygen species as well as activation of tumor suppressor genes and DNA repair enzymes. Several studies showed that TXN was over expressed in solid tumors and this was correlated to poorer prognosis. However, TXN expression has been insufficiently studied, particularly in newly diagnosed adult acute leukemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was designed to evaluate the gene expression of TXN in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) adult patients and to investigate its association with oxidative DNA damage. The expression of TXN was analyzed using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction while oxidative DNA damage was evaluated by measuring serum 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and strand breaks by the comet assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that TXN was under expressed in both AML and ALL groups (P < 0.001 for both) as compared to the control group. Also TXN expression level was negatively correlated with serum 8-OHdG and tail moment in both AML (P = 0.042 and 0.047, respectively) and ALL (P < 0.001 and P = 0.02, respectively) while it showed no correlation with treatment outcome in either groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that TXN expression is hindered in adult acute leukemia which augments oxidative DNA damage and hence mutagenesis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides a new insight into the pathogenesis of acute leukemia and suggests TXN as a new screening test for the risk for acute leukemia.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt.
authors.forename: Amany M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kamal
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt.
authors.forename: Nadia H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: El-Hefny
authors.affiliation: b Department of Clinical Hematology, Faculty of Medicine , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt.
authors.forename: Hany M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Hegab
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt.
authors.forename: Hala O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: El-Mesallamy
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004249:DNA Damage; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D013879:Thioredoxins; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine
keywords: 8-OHdG; ALL; AML; Oxidative DNA damage; Strand breaks; TXN; Thioredoxin