title: Magnetic Nanoparticles as a Potential Vehicle for Corneal Endothelium Repair.
abstract: The corneal endothelium is paramount to the health and function of the cornea as damage to this cell layer can lead to corneal edema, opacification, and ultimately vision loss. Transplantation of the corneal endothelium is associated with numerous limitations, including graft rejection, thus an alternative therapeutic treatment is needed to restore endothelial layer integrity. We hypothesize that a nanotechnology-based approach using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONPs) can ultimately be used to guide corneal endothelial cells (CECs) to injured areas via an external magnetic force without changing their morphology or viability. In this feasibility study we examined the effects of SPIONPs on the morphology and viability of bovine CECs in the presence of a magnetic force. The CECs were exposed to increasing SPIONP concentrations and the viability and cytoskeletal structure assessed over 3 days via metabolic analysis and rhodamine phalloidin staining. Significant differences (p < .05) in the metabolic activity of the CECs (100 × 10(6) SPIONP/cell) occurred in the presence of magnetic force versus those with no magnetic force. No differences were observed in the cytoskeleton of CECs in the presence or absence of magnetic force for all SPIONP concentrations. These SPIONPs will next be evaluated with human CECs for future applications.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Surgical Research, Ocular Trauma 3698 Chambers Pass STE B JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-7767.
authors.forename: Lauren E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Cornell
authors.affiliation: Institute of Surgical Research, Ocular Trauma 3698 Chambers Pass STE B JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-7767.
authors.forename: Jenny L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wehmeyer
authors.affiliation: Institute of Surgical Research, Ocular Trauma 3698 Chambers Pass STE B JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-7767.
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: Naval Medical Research Unit San Antonio 3650 Chambers Pass, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-7767.
authors.forename: Mauris N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Desilva
authors.affiliation: Institute of Surgical Research, Ocular Trauma 3698 Chambers Pass STE B JBSA Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-7767.
authors.forename: David O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Zamora
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000276:immunology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D055954:Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss / Q000628:therapy*; D004728:Endothelium, Corneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles