title: Associations between whole peripheral blood fatty acids and DNA methylation in humans.
abstract: Fatty acids (FA) modify DNA methylation in vitro, but limited information is available on whether corresponding associations exist in vivo and reflect any short-term effect of the diet. Associations between global DNA methylation and FAs were sought in blood from lactating infants (LI; n = 49) and adult males (AMM; n = 12) equally distributed across the three conventional BMI classes. AMM provided multiple samples at 2-hour intervals during 8 hours after either a single Western diet-representative meal (post-prandial samples) or no meal (fasting samples). Lipid/glucose profile, HDAC4 promoter and PDK4 5'UTR methylation were determined in AMM. Multiple regression analysis revealed that global (in LI) and both global and PDK4-specific DNA methylation (in AMM) were positively associated with eicosapentaenoic and arachidonic acid. HDAC4 methylation was inversely associated with arachidonic acid post-prandially in AMM. Global DNA methylation did not show any defined within-day pattern that would suggest a short-term response to the diet. Nonetheless, global DNA methylation was higher in normal weight subjects both post-prandially and in fasting and coincided with higher polyunsaturated relative to monounsaturated and saturated FAs. We show for the first time strong associations of DNA methylation with specific FAs in two human cohorts of distinct age, diet and postnatal development stage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetic Engineering, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV) Irapuato Unit, 36821 Irapuato, Gto., Mexico.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de la Rocha
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetic Engineering, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV) Irapuato Unit, 36821 Irapuato, Gto., Mexico.|Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV Campus Zacatenco, Mexico D.F., Mexico.
authors.forename: J Eduardo
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Pérez-Mojica
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetic Engineering, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV) Irapuato Unit, 36821 Irapuato, Gto., Mexico.
authors.forename: Silvia Zenteno-De
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: León
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetic Engineering, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV) Irapuato Unit, 36821 Irapuato, Gto., Mexico.
authors.forename: Braulio
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cervantes-Paz
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetic Engineering, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV) Irapuato Unit, 36821 Irapuato, Gto., Mexico.
authors.forename: Fabiola E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Tristán-Flores
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetic Engineering, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV) Irapuato Unit, 36821 Irapuato, Gto., Mexico.
authors.forename: Dalia
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Ríos
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CINVESTAV Irapuato Unit, 36821 Irapuato, Gto., Mexico.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Molina-Torres
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CINVESTAV Irapuato Unit, 36821 Irapuato, Gto., Mexico.
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ramírez-Chávez
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, León Campus, University of Guanajuato, Mexico.
authors.forename: Yolanda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Alvarado-Caudillo
authors.affiliation: Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: F Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Carmona
authors.affiliation: Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Manel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Esteller
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV Campus Zacatenco, Mexico D.F., Mexico.
authors.forename: Rosaura
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hernández-Rivas
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, Guanajuato Campus, University of Guanajuato, Mexico.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wrobel
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, Guanajuato Campus, University of Guanajuato, Mexico.
authors.forename: Kazimierz
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wrobel
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, León Campus, University of Guanajuato, Mexico.
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zaina
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetic Engineering, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV) Irapuato Unit, 36821 Irapuato, Gto., Mexico.
authors.forename: Gertrud
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lund
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D000328:Adult; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000097:blood; D019175:DNA Methylation; D066273:Diet, Western / Q000009:adverse effects; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000097:blood; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007774:Lactation; D008297:Male; D019518:Postprandial Period; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D000081382:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D000074084:THP-1 Cells
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D005227:Fatty Acids; C000631432:PDK4 protein, human; D000081382:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C400300:HDAC4 protein, human; D006655:Histone Deacetylases