title: Prospective, Multicenter Study on Tinnitus Changes after Cochlear Implantation.
abstract: To investigate the time course of tinnitus changes in patients receiving cochlear implantation (CI) in a prospective, multicenter setting and to determine related factors.
  
  
  
  A total of 79 adult patients who underwent CI were included in this study. We used the same questionnaires sequentially 5 times. The questionnaires included the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for tinnitus severity, the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), Beck's Depression Index (BDI), and the Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument (BEPSI) for stress assessment.
  
  
  
  Tinnitus was present in 59 (74.7%) of the 79 study subjects. After CI, tinnitus was eliminated in 10 patients (25%) and improved in 16 patients (40%) of the 40 patients who completed the final questionnaires, and most of the tinnitus reduction occurred in the early period of CI use. In an analysis of psychological functioning with CI, BDI was reduced significantly after CI. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that preoperative auditory steady-state response (ASSR), THI, and final BDI score were significantly associated with the changes in tinnitus after CI.
  
  
  
  Most of the tinnitus reduction occurred within 1 month after CI use, and the changes were significantly associated with THI, ASSR, and BDI scores 6 months after CI. CI is a valuable therapeutic modality in tinnitus of a deafened ear.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Kee
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: In Seok
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Hye Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Shin-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Kyung Wook
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.forename: Seong-Cheon
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Kyung Ray
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Jong Joo
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yun-Hoon
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Choung
authors.forename: Shi-Nae
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019929:Cochlear Implantation; D003638:Deafness / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014012:Tinnitus / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome