title: Divergent Development of Hexaploid Triticale by a Wheat - Rye -Psathyrostachys huashanica Trigeneric Hybrid Method.
abstract: Hexaploid triticale is an important forage crop and a promising energy plant. Some forms were previously reported for developing the hexaploid triticale, such as crossing tetraploid wheat or hexaploid wheat with rye, crossing hexaploid triticale and/or hexaploid wheat with octoploid triticale, and spontaneously appearing in the selfed progenies of octoploid triticale. In the present study, we developed an effective method for production of diverse types of hexaploid triticale via wheat-rye-Psathyrostachys huashanica trigeneric hybrid. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) karyotyping revealed that D genome chromosomes were completely eliminated and the whole A, B, and R genome chromosomes were retained in three lines. More interestingly, the composite genome of the line K14-489-2 consisted of complete A and B genomes and chromosomes 1D, 2R, 3R, 4R, 5R, 6R, and 7R, that of line K14-491-2 was 12 A-genome (1A-6A), 14 B-genome (1B-7B), 12 R-genome (1R-3R, 5R-7R), and chromosomes 1D and 3D, and that of the line K14-547-1 had 26A/B and 14R chromosomes, plus one pair of centric 6BL/2DS translocations. This finding implies that some of D genome chromosomes can be spontaneously and stably incorporated into the hexaploid triticale. Additionally, a variety of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) compositions were detected in the six hexaploid triticale lines, respectively. Besides, compared with its recurrent triticale parent Zhongsi828, these lines showed high level of resistance to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, Pst) pathogens prevalent in China, including V26/Gui 22. These new hexaploid triticales not only enhanced diversification of triticale but also could be utilized as valuable germplasm for wheat improvement.
authors.affiliation: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Houyang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Dazhou Institute of Agricultural Science, 188 Jianmin Road, Dazhou, 635000, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Yujie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Daiyan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Chengdou
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Diao
authors.affiliation: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sha
authors.affiliation: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Haiqin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Yonghong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D032461:Chromosomes, Plant; D018745:Genome, Plant; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D015877:Miosis / Q000235:genetics; D006109:Poaceae / Q000235:genetics*; D011123:Polyploidy; D012434:Secale / Q000235:genetics*; D000066889:Triticale / Q000235:genetics*; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics*