title: Knowledge, Stereotyped Beliefs and Attitudes Around HIV Chemoprophylaxis in Two High HIV Prevalence Neighborhoods in New York City.
abstract: HIV chemoprophylaxis (PrEP/PEP) has emerged as a transformative prevention tool to reduce infection rates and decrease disease burden. However, uptake is low, and efficacy depends upon adherence. To maximize impact, potential barriers to uptake and adherence must be identified and understood. Using univariate and logistic regression analytic methods, we assessed associations among potential barriers to uptake and adherence, including HIV chemoprophylaxis knowledge, negative stereotyped beliefs about people who use it and negative attitudes towards HIV chemoprophylaxis use by relatives among 583 residents of two high HIV prevalence neighborhoods in New York City. About a quarter of respondents knew about HIV chemoprophylaxis and over 50 % endorsed negative stereotyped beliefs about users; yet, approximately two-thirds had positive attitudes toward its use among a male or female relative. Young age, having lesbian or gay friends/family members and low levels of homophobia were associated with not endorsing negative stereotyped beliefs. Negative stereotyped beliefs were not associated with negative attitudes toward HIV chemoprophylaxis use among relatives. Implications for PrEP dissemination are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA.|Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Davida
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Farhat
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA.|Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Greene
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Mark Q
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Paige
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Beryl A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Koblin
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, USA. vfrye@med.cuny.edu.|Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. vfrye@med.cuny.edu.|Department of Community Health and Social Medicine, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City College of New York, City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, 404A Harris Hall, New York, NY, 10031, USA. vfrye@med.cuny.edu.
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Frye
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003469:Culture; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D063509:Homophobia / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009519:New York City; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology; D065129:Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D057545:Social Stigma; D013240:Stereotyping; D014505:Urban Population; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents
keywords: Attitudes; HIV chemoprophylaxis; Knowledge; PrEP/PEP; Stereotyped beliefs