title: Role of Vitamin D in Cognitive Function in Chronic Kidney Disease.
abstract: Both vitamin D deficiency and cognitive impairment are common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Vitamin D exerts neuroprotective and regulatory roles in the central nervous system. Hypovitaminosis D has been associated with muscle weakness and bone loss, cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia), inflammation, oxidative stress, immune suppression and neurocognitive impairment. The combination of hypovitaminosis D and CKD can be even more debilitating, as cognitive impairment can develop and progress through vitamin D-associated and CKD-dependent/independent processes, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Although an increasingly recognized comorbidity in CKD, cognitive impairment remains underdiagnosed and often undermanaged. Given the association of cognitive decline and hypovitaminosis D and their deleterious effects in CKD patients, determination of vitamin D status and when appropriate, supplementation, in conjunction with neuropsychological screening, should be considered integral to the clinical care of the CKD population.
authors.affiliation: National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210016, China. chengzhen33@hotmail.com.|Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. chengzhen33@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. lin.jing@zs-hospital.sh.cn.|Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China. lin.jing@zs-hospital.sh.cn.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. qian.qi@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qian
mesh_terms: D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D
keywords: chronic kidney disease; cognitive impairment; dialysis; hypovitaminosis D; vitamin D