title: Outbreak of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing K pneumoniae: A systematic review.
abstract: First detected in the United States in 1996, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) has spread internationally among gram-negative bacteria, especially K pneumoniae. These microorganisms can cause serious infections in hospitalized patients, and there are few therapeutic options, culminating in increased mortality. The objective of this study was to describe the occurrence of outbreaks that were caused by KPC-producing K pneumoniae, emphasizing the interventions that were implemented to contain the outbreaks.
  
  
  
  PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Literatura Latino Americana em Ciências da Saúde databases were searched for articles that were published between 2001 and 2012 according to the recommendations of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.
  
  
  
  Of the 586 studies identified, 13 were selected for the final sample. Most studies showed that the containment of KPC outbreaks is possible in hospital settings through several actions, particularly use of surveillance cultures and the establishment of contact precautions.
  
  
  
  The results show that limiting the cross-transmission of these and other KPC-producing bacteria is possible in a hospital setting. However, such isolates need to be detected early with the aid of culture surveillance and contained early using appropriate actions immediately to prevent an outbreak.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: Anaelís C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Albiero
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alessandra B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Ecker
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cristina M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lívia E F
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Meirelles
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis and Pharmacy, Regional University Hospital of Maringá, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: Angelita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Polato
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Health Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria C B
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Tognim
authors.affiliation: Departament of Medicine, Regional University Hospital of Maringá, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: Márcia A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Wingeter
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Analysis and Biomedicine, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil. Electronic address: jjvteixeira@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jorge J V
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Teixeira
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods*; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001618:beta-Lactamases; C063912:carbapenemase
keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae; Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase; carbapenems; disease outbreaks; infection control