title: Learning from PD-1 Resistance: New Combination Strategies.
abstract: Only a minority of cancer patients respond to anti PD-1 immunotherapy. A recent study demonstrates that PD-1 therapy-resistant melanoma patients present distinct signatures of upregulated genes involved in immunosuppression, angiogenesis, monocyte and macrophage chemotaxis, extracellular matrix remodeling, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Combination targeting of these pathways with PD-1 may help overcome PD-1 resistance, thus producing effective antitumor immunity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Mahoney
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: gordon_freeman@dfci.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Gordon J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Freeman
mesh_terms: D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D008545:Melanoma