title: Cancer risk among workers of a secondary aluminium smelter.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cancer risk in secondary aluminium production is not well described. Workers in this industry are exposed to potentially carcinogenic agents from secondary smelters that reprocess aluminium scrap.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate cancer risk in workers in a secondary aluminium plant in Spain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study of male workers employed at an aluminium secondary smelter (1960-92). Exposure histories and vital status through 2011 were obtained through personal interviews and hospital records, respectively. Standardized mortality (SMRs) and incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study group consisted of 98 workers. We found increased incidence and mortality from bladder cancer [SIR = 2.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23-5.62; SMR = 5.90, 95% CI 1.58-15.11]. Increased incidence was also observed for prostate cancer and all other cancers but neither were statistically significant. No increased risk was observed for lung cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of this study suggest that work at secondary aluminium smelters is associated with bladder cancer risk. Identification of occupational carcinogens in this industry is needed.
authors.affiliation: Training Unit of Occupational Medicine 'Mateu Orfila'-UPF, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maltseva
authors.affiliation: Training Unit of Occupational Medicine 'Mateu Orfila'-UPF, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain, Center for Research in Occupational Health (CiSAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain, CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Barcelona, Spain, Occupational Health Service, Parc de Salut MAR, Barcelona 08003, Spain, consol.serra@upf.edu.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Serra
authors.affiliation: CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Barcelona, Spain, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona 08003, Spain, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Barcelona 08003, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kogevinas
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000535:Aluminum / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000506:poisoning; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D013030:Spain; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000535:Aluminum
keywords: Cancer; occupation; secondary aluminium smelter; urinary bladder.