title: Biodegradation of the Organophosphate Trichlorfon and Its Major Degradation Products by a Novel Aspergillus sydowii PA F-2.
abstract: Trichlorfon (TCF) is an important organophosphate pesticide in agriculture. However, limited information is known about the biodegradation behaviors and kinetics of this pesticide. In this study, a newly isolated fungus (PA F-2) from pesticide-polluted soils was identified as Aspergillus sydowii on the basis of the sequencing of internal transcribed spacer rDNA. This fungus degraded TCF as sole carbon, sole phosphorus, and sole carbon-phosphorus sources in a mineral salt medium (MSM). Optimal TCF degradation conditions were determined through response surface methodology, and results also revealed that 75.31% of 100 mg/L TCF was metabolized within 7 days. The degradation of TCF was accelerated, and the mycelial dry weight of PA F-2 was remarkably increased in MSM supplemented with exogenous sucrose and yeast extract. Five TCF metabolic products were identified through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. TCF could be initially hydrolyzed to dichlorvos and then be degraded through the cleavage of the P-C bond to produce dimethyl hydrogen phosphate and chloral hydrate. These two compounds were subsequently deoxidized to produce dimethyl phosphite and trichloroethanal. These results demonstrate the biodegradation pathways of TCF and promote the potential use of PA F-2 to bioremediate TCF-contaminated environments.
authors.affiliation: School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University , Wuhan, Hubei 430079, Peoples' Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Institute of Wuhan Modern Urban Agriculture Planning and Design , Wuhan, Hubei 430072, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qiaofeng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University , Wuhan, Hubei 430079, Peoples' Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chenlei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University , Wuhan, Hubei 430079, Peoples' Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ruixue
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University , Wuhan, Hubei 430079, Peoples' Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University , Wuhan, Hubei 430079, Peoples' Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lanzhou
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D001230:Aspergillus / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism; D014236:Trichlorfon / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010755:Organophosphates; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014236:Trichlorfon
keywords: Aspergillus sydowii; biodegradation; biodegradation pathway; mycelial dry weight; trichlorfon