title: In Vivo Dual Fluorescence Imaging to Detect Joint Destruction.
abstract: Diagnosis of cartilage damage in early stages of arthritis is vital to impede the progression of disease. In this regard, considerable progress has been made in near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) optical imaging technique. Arthritis can develop due to various mechanisms but one of the main contributors is the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), enzymes that can degrade components of the extracellular matrix. Especially, MMP-1 and MMP-13 have main roles in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis because they enhance collagen degradation in the process of arthritis. We present here a novel NIRF imaging strategy that can be used to determine the activity of MMPs and cartilage damage simultaneously by detection of exposed type II collagen in cartilage tissue. In this study, retro-orbital injection of mixed fluorescent dyes, MMPSense 750 FAST (MMP750) dye and Alexa Fluor 680 conjugated monoclonal mouse antibody immune-reactive to type II collagen, was administered in the arthritic mice. Both dyes were detected with different intensity according to degree of joint destruction in the animal. Thus, our dual fluorescence imaging method can be used to detect cartilage damage as well as MMP activity simultaneously in early stage arthritis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA. hcho4@uthsc.edu.|Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN, USA. hcho4@uthsc.edu.
authors.forename: Hongsik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Fazal-Ur-Rehman
authors.initials: FU
authors.lastname: Bhatti
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.|Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Sangmin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.|Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: David D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Ae-Kyung
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA. khasty@uthsc.edu.|Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN, USA. khasty@uthsc.edu.|Campbell Clinic, Memphis, TN, USA. khasty@uthsc.edu.
authors.forename: Karen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Hasty
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002356:Cartilage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000032:analysis*; D005453:Fluorescence; D007596:Joints / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000032:analysis*; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D024043:Collagen Type II; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases
keywords: Arthritis; Cartilage; Diagnosis; Fluorescence; Matrix metalloproteinase; Optical imaging; Type II collagen