title: A French adaptation of the Overt Behaviour Scale (OBS) measuring challenging behaviours following acquired brain injury: The Échelle des comportements observables (ÉCO).
abstract: To develop a French version of the Overt Behaviour Scale (OBS) and examine some of its psychometric properties.
  
  
  
  The scale was adapted and validated according to standard guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation of questionnaires (Échelle des comportements observables; ÉCO). The reliability and construct validity of the ÉCO were studied among 29 inpatients and outpatients who sustained an acquired brain injury. The instruments were administered by 12 clinicians located at eight rehabilitation centres and the local brain injury association.
  
  
  
  The ÉCO provided behaviour profile descriptives much like the original scale. It showed excellent reliability and good convergent and divergent validity, as reflected by significant associations with other measures that contained similar behavioural items and by the absence of signification correlations with broader constructs such as physical and cognitive abilities.
  
  
  
  This study provides evidence that the ÉCO behaves much like the original OBS, has promising initial findings with respect to reliability and validity and is a valuable research and clinical instrument to assess the severity and typology of challenging behaviour after an acquired brain injury and to monitor the evolution of behaviours after intervention in French and bilingual communities.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , University of Montreal, Montreal , Canada.|b Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR) , Montreal , Canada.|c Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition (CERNEC) , Montreal , Canada.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gagnon
authors.affiliation: d John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research , University of Sydney , Syndey , Australia.|e Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research , Liverpool , Sydney , Australia.
authors.forename: Grahame Kenneth
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.affiliation: f Diverge Consulting , Victoria , Australia.
authors.forename: Glenn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.affiliation: b Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR) , Montreal , Canada.|g Centre de réadaptation Lucie-Bruneau , Montreal , Canada.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Godbout
authors.affiliation: b Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR) , Montreal , Canada.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ouellette
authors.affiliation: b Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR) , Montreal , Canada.|g Centre de réadaptation Lucie-Bruneau , Montreal , Canada.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Drolet
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000066553:Problem Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014177:Translations; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Challenging behaviour; French adaptation; acquired brain injury; assessment instrument; behavioural disturbance