title: Assessment of pollution of the Boca de Camichin Estuary in Nayarit (Mexico) and its influence on oxidative stress in Crassostrea corteziensis oysters.
abstract: Boca de Camichin Estuary is one of the main producers of Crassostrea corteziensis oysters in Mexico, but the presence of pollutants can affect oyster production. Molluscs produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to changes in the environment and pollution. These ROS induce oxidative damage in biomolecules. The main objective of this study was to evaluate pollution in the estuary and the subsequent oxidative stress in C. corteziensis oysters during the 2010 production cycle. For this aim, we performed monthly samplings in the oyster farms from January to May. We took water samples to quantify polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and metal content; also, we evaluated oxidative damage (lipoperoxidation, lipidic hydroperoxides, protein oxidation) and enzyme activity (CAT, SOD, GPx, GST and AChE) in oyster gills. The results show the presence of Cu, Fe, Mn, naphthalene, benz[a]anthracene, pyrene, benz[a]pyrene and benzo[k]fluoranthene. On the other hand, AChE activity was not inhibited, which suggests that organophosphorus pollutants or carbamates were absent. Regarding oxidative stress, oysters from the estuary had oxidative damage in lipids, not proteins, and altered antioxidant enzyme activity, when compared to control organisms. Interestingly, we did not observe any correlation between the pollutants and the oxidative stress parameters evaluated in this study. Thus, we cannot rule out that a synergistic effect between the environmental variables and the pollutants is causing the oxidative stress in these oysters.
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Laboratorio de Inmunotoxicología. Cd de la Cultura Amado Nervo s/n. z.p. 63000 Tepic Nayarit Méxiico.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Toledo-Ibarra
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Laboratorio de Inmunotoxicología. Cd de la Cultura Amado Nervo s/n. z.p. 63000 Tepic Nayarit Méxiico.
authors.forename: K J G
authors.initials: KJG
authors.lastname: Díaz Resendiz
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas y Farmaceúticas. Cd de la Cultura Amado Nervo s/n. z.p. 63000 Tepic Nayarit Méxiico.
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Ventura-Ramón
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Laboratorio de Contaminacion y Toxicología Ambiental. Cd de la Cultura Amado Nervo s/n. z.p. 63000 Tepic Nayarit Méxiico.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Romero-Bañuelos
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Laboratorio de Contaminacion y Toxicología Ambiental. Cd de la Cultura Amado Nervo s/n. z.p. 63000 Tepic Nayarit Méxiico.
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Medina-Díaz
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Laboratorio de Contaminacion y Toxicología Ambiental. Cd de la Cultura Amado Nervo s/n. z.p. 63000 Tepic Nayarit Méxiico.
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Rojas-García
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, México.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vega-López
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Laboratorio de Inmunotoxicología. Cd de la Cultura Amado Nervo s/n. z.p. 63000 Tepic Nayarit Méxiico. Electronic address: ivan_giron@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Girón-Pérez
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D049896:Crassostrea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D063366:Estuaries; D005843:Geography; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000378:metabolism; D008345:Manganese / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D008670:Metals / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D008800:Mexico; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012621:Seasons; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D014876:Water Pollution / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D008670:Metals; D009281:Naphthalenes; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C031721:naphthalene; D008345:Manganese; D003300:Copper; D007501:Iron; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase
keywords: Boca de Camichín estuary; Contamination; Oxidative stress; Oyster