title: Expression Level of Urinary MicroRNA-146a-5p Is Increased in Patients With Bladder Cancer and Decreased in Those After Transurethral Resection.
abstract: Bladder cancer is the most prevalent malignancy involving the urinary system and exhibits a markedly high recurrence rate. Therefore, reliable and noninvasive diagnostic and surveillance methods are desperately needed.
  
  
  
  Candidate microRNAs (miRNAs) were selected from the miRNAs that were differentially expressed in bladder cancer cell lines (T24 and RT4) compared to normal ureteral epithelial tissue using miRNA-microarray analysis. The candidate miRNAs were validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay using voided urine samples.
  
  
  
  We identified 3 miRNAs (miR-301b, -563, and -146a-5p) that demonstrated > 2-fold higher expression levels in cancer cell lines than in the normal ureteral epithelial tissue. Of these, only miR-146a-5p was consistently and significantly higher in urine samples from the patients with bladder cancer than in those from the normal individuals (P = .0014). The patients with high-grade tumors exhibited significantly higher urinary miR-146a-5p levels than those with low-grade tumors, and the patients with invasive tumors tended to show higher urinary miR-146a-5p levels than those with noninvasive tumors. Elevated urinary miR-146a-5p levels in patients with bladder cancer were decreased to the normal level after transurethral resection of the tumors (P = .0214).
  
  
  
  Our study suggested that urinary miR-146a-5p might be useful as a new noninvasive diagnostic marker, therapeutic target, or anticancer agent for bladder cancer, as well as for increasing our understanding of cancer biology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan. Electronic address: sr20det@marianna-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Miki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshiike
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Shiari
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nozawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Usuba
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Katsuoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouichirou
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aida
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitajima
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoshikawa
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kosaka
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ochiya
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chikaraishi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000652:urine*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015854:Up-Regulation; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: C542542:MIRN146 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: Depth of invasion; MicroRNA-microarray; Tumor grade; Urine; Urothelial carcinoma