title: Quality of Reporting and Study Design of CKD Cohort Studies Assessing Mortality in the Elderly Before and After STROBE: A Systematic Review.
abstract: The STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement was published in October 2007 to improve quality of reporting of observational studies. The aim of this review was to assess the impact of the STROBE statement on observational study reporting and study design quality in the nephrology literature.
  
  
  
  Systematic literature review.
  
  
  
  European and North American, Pre-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) cohort studies.
  
  
  
  Studies assessing the association between CKD and mortality in the elderly (>65 years) published from 1st January 2002 to 31st December 2013 were included, following systematic searching of MEDLINE & EMBASE.
  
  
  
  Time period before and after the publication of the STROBE statement.
  
  
  
  Quality of study reporting using the STROBE statement and quality of study design using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS), Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tools.
  
  
  
  37 papers (11 Pre & 26 Post STROBE) were identified from 3621 potential articles. Only four of the 22 STROBE items and their sub-criteria (objectives reporting, choice of quantitative groups and description of and carrying out sensitivity analysis) showed improvements, with the majority of items showing little change between the period before and after publication of the STROBE statement. Pre- and post-period analysis revealed a Manuscript STROBE score increase (median score 77.8% (Inter-quartile range [IQR], 64.7-82.0) vs 83% (IQR, 78.4-84.9, p = 0.05). There was no change in quality of study design with identical median scores in the two periods for NOS (Manuscript NOS score 88.9), SIGN (Manuscript SIGN score 83.3) and CASP (Manuscript CASP score 91.7) tools.
  
  
  
  Only 37 Studies from Europe and North America were included from one medical specialty. Assessment of study design largely reliant on good reporting.
  
  
  
  This study highlights continuing deficiencies in the reporting of STROBE items and their sub-criteria in cohort studies in nephrology. There was weak evidence of improvement in the overall reporting quality, with no improvement in methodological quality of CKD cohort studies between the period before and after publication of the STROBE statement.
authors.affiliation: UK Renal Registry, Bristol, United Kingdom.|Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom.|School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Anirudh
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3202-2832
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: ERA-EDTA Registry, Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brück
authors.affiliation: UK Renal Registry, Bristol, United Kingdom.|Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom.|School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Shona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Methven
authors.affiliation: UK Renal Registry, Bristol, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.affiliation: ERA-EDTA Registry, Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Vianda S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Stel
authors.affiliation: ERA-EDTA Registry, Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kitty J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Jager
authors.affiliation: Dutch Cochrane Centre, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Lotty
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hooft
authors.affiliation: UK Renal Registry, Bristol, United Kingdom.|School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Yoav
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ben-Shlomo
authors.affiliation: UK Renal Registry, Bristol, United Kingdom.|Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom.|School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Fergus
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Caskey
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D064887:Observational Studies as Topic; D015588:Observer Variation; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000401:mortality*; D012107:Research Design; D058028:Research Report