title: Psychometric evaluation of the Polish adaptation of the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Development of simple instruments for the determination of the level of adherence in patients with high blood pressure is the subject of ongoing research. One such instrument, gaining growing popularity worldwide, is the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy. The aim of this study was to adapt and to test the reliability of the Polish version of Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale.
  
  
  METHODS
  A standard guideline was used for the translation and cultural adaptation of the English version of the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale into Polish. The study included 117 Polish patients with hypertension aged between 27 and 90 years, among them 53 men and 64 women. Cronbach's alpha was used for analysing the internal consistency of the scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean score in the reduced sodium intake subscale was M = 5.7 points (standard deviation SD = 1.6 points). The mean score in the appointment-keeping subscale was M = 3.4 points (standard deviation SD = 1.4 points). The mean score in the medication-taking subscale was M = 11.6 points (standard deviation SD = 3.3 points). In the principal component analysis, the three-factor system (1 - medication-taking, 2 - appointment-keeping, 3 - reduced sodium intake) accounted for 53 % of total variance. All questions had factor loadings > 0.4. The medication-taking subscale: most questions (6 out of 9) had the highest loadings with Factor 1. The appointment-keeping subscale: all questions (2 out of 2) had the highest loadings with Factor 2. The reduced sodium intake subscale: most questions (2 out of 3) had the highest loadings with Factor 3. Goodness of fit was tested at chi(2) = 248.87; p < 0.001. The Cronbach's alpha score for the entire questionnaire was 0.851.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale proved to be suitable for use in the Polish population. Use of this screening tool for the assessment of adherence to BP treatment is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Wroclaw Medical University, 5 Bartla Street, 51-618, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Izabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Uchmanowicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Wroclaw Medical University, 5 Bartla Street, 51-618, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jankowska-Polańska
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Wroclaw Medical University, 5 Bartla Street, 51-618, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chudiak
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases and Hypertension, Wroclaw Medical University, 213 Borowska Street, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland. aszyman@mp.pl.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szymańska-Chabowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases and Hypertension, Wroclaw Medical University, 213 Borowska Street, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mazur
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001071:Appointments and Schedules; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D004039:Diet, Sodium-Restricted; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D055118:Medication Adherence; D008875:Middle Aged; D011044:Poland; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014175:Translating
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents
keywords: Adherence; Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale; Hypertension; Internal consistency; Reliability