title: Serum Mac-2 binding protein is a novel biomarker for chronic pancreatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy of Mac-2 binding protein (Mac-2bp) for diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-nine healthy volunteers (HV), 162 patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP), and 94 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) were enrolled in this study. We measured serum Mac-2bp using our developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Additional biochemical variables were measured using an automated analyzer (including aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, triglyceride, C-reactive protein, and amylase levels) or chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen). The ability of Mac-2bp to predict CP diagnosis accurately was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum Mac-2bp levels were significantly increased in CP patients compared to HV (P < 0.0001) and PDAC patients (P < 0.0001). Area under the ROC curve values of Mac-2bp for the discrimination of CP from HV and PDAC were 0.727 and 0.784, respectively. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that serum Mac-2bp levels were independent determinants for CP diagnosis from HV and PDAC patients. Immunohistological staining showed that Mac-2bp was expressed faintly in the pancreas tissues of both CP and PDAC patients. Serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in patients with CP or PDAC. Serum Mac-2bp levels were highly correlated with protein levels of alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, and C-reactive protein, but not amylase, suggesting that the damaged liver produces Mac-2bp.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Measurement of serum Mac-2bp may be a novel and useful biomarker for CP diagnosis as well as liver fibrosis in the general population.
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maekawa
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamada
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ebisutani
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Makiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawamoto
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takamatsu
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Kayo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Mayuka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimomura
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sobajima
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Hironobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Kotarosumitomo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Kimihiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishino
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kumada
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshifumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eguchi
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagano
authors.affiliation: Tomohiro Maekawa, Yoshihiro Kamada, Yusuke Ebisutani, Makiko Ueda, Shinji Takamatsu, Kayo Mizutani, Mayuka Shimomura, Tomoaki Sobajima, Hironobu Fujii, Kotarosumitomo Nakayama, Kimihiro Nishino, Eiji Miyoshi, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Miyoshi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000097:blood*; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood; D050500:Pancreatitis, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D015415:Biomarkers; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; C114782:TAA90K protein, human; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase
keywords: Biomarker; Chronic pancreatitis; Mac-2 binding protein (LGALS3BP); Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; Steatopancreatitis