title: Reframing, Refocusing, Referring, Reconciling, and Reflecting: Exploring Conflict Resolution Strategies in End-of-Life Situations.
abstract: Many problems can occur between family members at the end of a patient's life, resulting in conflict that others-the nurses, patient advocates, clergy, and social workers involved in the case-must resolve. This article explores the strategies used by those individuals to resolve conflict. Using grounded practical theory as a theoretical and methodological framework, qualitative interviews (n = 71) revealed how they manage family conflict at the end of life. The management styles include reframing, refocusing, referring, reconciling, and reflecting (the "5 Rs"). These strategies provide a conflict management typology for those who work with families during end-of-life situations.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Languages, Cultures, and Communication , Stephen F. Austin State University.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hopeck
authors.affiliation: b School of Communication , University of Miami.
authors.forename: Tyler R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Harrison
mesh_terms: D016223:Advance Directives; D002977:Clergy; D003657:Decision Making; D054541:Family Conflict; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D017008:Negotiating / Q000379:methods*; D009726:Nurses; D010344:Patient Advocacy; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000458:organization & administration; D000068217:Social Workers; D013727:Terminal Care / Q000379:methods*