title: Bone quality assessed using quantitative ultrasound at the distal radius does not differ in antiretroviral therapy-naïve HIV-positive and HIV-negative Rwandan women.
abstract: The incidence of fractures appears to be increased in HIV-infected individuals.
  
  
  
  We assessed bone quality using quantitative ultrasound (QUS) in HIV-infected and uninfected Rwandan women. A Sunlight Omnisense 7000 QUS was used to measure the speed of ultrasound (SOS) at the distal radius in 646 antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve HIV-infected women and 211 HIV-uninfected women. The Z-scores for SOS were based on data for women of the same age from the manufacturer's reference material.
  
  
  
  The mean CD4 cell count was 285 (± 166) cells/μL in the HIV-positive women. SOS Z-scores adjusted and unadjusted for body mass index did not differ between the groups. SOS did not differ by CD4 count (< 200 vs. ≥ 200 cells/μL: 4016 (± 117) vs. 4028 (± 107) m/s, respectively; p=0.19.
  
  
  
  In HIV-positive ART-naïve Rwandan women with advanced HIV disease, bone quality at the distal radius was similar to that in HIV-negative controls.
authors.affiliation: Regional Alliance for Sustainable Development (RASD), Kigali, Rwanda. eugene.mutimura@gmail.com.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mutimura
authors.affiliation: New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Hoover
authors.affiliation: Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Anastos
authors.affiliation: King Faisal Hospital Kigali, Kigali, Rwanda.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rudakemwa
authors.affiliation: Regional Alliance for Sustainable Development (RASD), Kigali, Rwanda.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Dusingize
authors.affiliation: Regional Alliance for Sustainable Development (RASD), Kigali, Rwanda.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Sinabye
authors.affiliation: Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015519:Bone Density; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011884:Radius / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012432:Rwanda; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: 
  HIV
  ; antiretroviral therapy; antiretroviral therapy-naïve; bone mineral density; women