title: Magnetic effervescent tablet-assisted ionic liquid dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction of selenium for speciation in foods and beverages.
abstract: A novel, simple and rapid method based on magnetic effervescent tablet-assisted ionic liquid dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (MEA-IL-DLLME) followed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) determination was established for the speciation of selenium in various food and beverage samples. In the procedure, a special magnetic effervescent tablet containing CO2 sources (sodium carbonate and sodium dihydrogenphosphate), ionic liquids and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) was used to combine extractant dispersion and magnetic recovery procedures into a single step. The parameters influencing the microextraction efficiency, such as pH of the sample solution, volume of ionic liquid, amount of MNPs, concentration of the chelating agent, salt effect and matrix effect were investigated and optimised. Under the optimised conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) for Se(IV) were 0.021 μg l(-)(1) and the linear dynamic range was 0.05-5.0 μg l(-)(1). The relative standard deviation for seven replicate measurements of 1.0 μg l(-)(1) of Se(IV) was 2.9%. The accuracy of the developed method was evaluated by analysis of the standard reference materials (GBW10016 tea, GBW10017 milk powder, GBW10043 Liaoning rice, GBW10046 Henan wheat, GBW10048 celery). The proposed method was successfully applied to food and beverage samples including black tea, milk powder, mushroom, soybean, bamboo shoots, energy drink, bottled water, carbonated drink and mineral water for the speciation of Se(IV) and Se(VI) with satisfactory relative recoveries (92.0-108.1%).
authors.affiliation: a College of Civil Engineering and Architecture , Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power , Hangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Xiaojun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a College of Civil Engineering and Architecture , Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power , Hangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: a College of Civil Engineering and Architecture , Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power , Hangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Jiaqi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: a College of Civil Engineering and Architecture , Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power , Hangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Xincheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: a College of Civil Engineering and Architecture , Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power , Hangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: a College of Civil Engineering and Architecture , Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power , Hangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Weiji
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: a College of Civil Engineering and Architecture , Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power , Hangzhou , China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D031723:Bambusa / Q000737:chemistry; D002253:Carbonated Beverages / Q000032:analysis; D002254:Carbonates / Q000737:chemistry; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D059627:Liquid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods*; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000737:chemistry; D012643:Selenium / Q000032:analysis*; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D013607:Tablets; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002254:Carbonates; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D010710:Phosphates; D013607:Tablets; C005686:sodium carbonate; D012643:Selenium; C018279:sodium phosphate; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide
keywords: Ionic liquid-dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction; effervescent; food; graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry; selenium speciation