title: A Genetic Screen Identifies a Requirement for Cysteine-Rich-Receptor-Like Kinases in Rice NH1 (OsNPR1)-Mediated Immunity.
abstract: Systemic acquired resistance, mediated by the Arabidopsis NPR1 gene and the rice NH1 gene, confers broad-spectrum immunity to diverse pathogens. NPR1 and NH1 interact with TGA transcription factors to activate downstream defense genes. Despite the importance of this defense response, the signaling components downstream of NPR1/NH1 and TGA proteins are poorly defined. Here we report the identification of a rice mutant, snim1, which suppresses NH1-mediated immunity and demonstrate that two genes encoding previously uncharacterized cysteine-rich-receptor-like kinases (CRK6 and CRK10), complement the snim1 mutant phenotype. Silencing of CRK6 and CRK10 genes individually in the parental genetic background recreates the snim1 phenotype. We identified a rice mutant in the Kitaake genetic background with a frameshift mutation in crk10; this mutant also displays a compromised immune response highlighting the important role of crk10. We also show that elevated levels of NH1 expression lead to enhanced CRK10 expression and that the rice TGA2.1 protein binds to the CRK10 promoter. These experiments demonstrate a requirement for CRKs in NH1-mediated immunity and establish a molecular link between NH1 and induction of CRK10 expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.|Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Mawsheng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chern
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.|Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America.|Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Qiufang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.|Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Rebecca S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Bart
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.|College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.|Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Deling
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.|Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Wing Hoi
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Sze-To
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.|Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Patrick E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Canlas
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.|Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Rashmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.|Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America.|Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University at Chengdu, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: Xuewei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and the Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.|Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Pamela C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Ronald
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D003545:Cysteine / Q000235:genetics; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C105496:NPR1 protein, Arabidopsis; D010940:Plant Proteins; D003545:Cysteine