title: Diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for management of autoimmune encephalopathies.
abstract: The understanding of the etio-pathogenesis of autoimmune encephalopathy syndromes has grown significantly in recent years. These are potentially reversible conditions, with variable clinical presentation and potential dramatic response to immunotherapy.
  
  
  
  In this article we review various diagnostic techniques and therapeutic options for management of autoimmune encephalopathy. We also review medication adverse effects and monitoring strategies. Expert commentary: Early diagnosis and immunomodulatory treatment remains the cornerstone of management, to halt the underlying neuro-inflammatory process and prevent permanent neuronal injury. The availability of serological testing and various imaging modalities has further improved detection of these immune-mediated neurological disorders. Understanding the mechanisms and potential adverse effects of immunomodulatory therapies will help physicians to choose the most favorable therapeutic strategy for each patient.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics , UT Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas , TX , USA.
authors.forename: Divyanshu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dubey
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics , UT Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas , TX , USA.
authors.forename: Kyle
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blackburn
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics , UT Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas , TX , USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics , UT Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas , TX , USA.|b Neurology Section , VA North Texas Health Care System, Medical Service , Dallas , TX , USA.
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Stuve
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics , UT Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas , TX , USA.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vernino
mesh_terms: D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000628:therapy; D050031:Hashimoto Disease / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D009422:Nervous System Diseases
keywords: Encephalitis; autoimmune disease; epilepsy; immunotherapy; limbic encephalitis; paraneoplastic