title: Cytokine Kinetics after Monthly Intravitreal Bevacizumab for Retinal Vein Occlusion Associated with Macular Oedema.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate changes of cytokines after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) or central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).
  
  
  METHODS
  Monthly doses of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) were administered for 6 months to treat macular oedema associated with BRVO or CRVO. Aqueous humour levels of 11 factors were measured using samples obtained from 24 patients during IVB treatment (16 BRVO patients and 8 CRVO patients). Levels of VEGF, placental growth factor (PlGF), soluble VEGF receptor (sVEGFR)-1, sVEGFR-2, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AA, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-12 (p70), and IL-13 were measured by suspension array.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vision and macular oedema improved significantly after monthly IVB. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in sVEGFR-1, VEGF, PDGF-AA, MCP-1, and IL-8 after monthly IVB. On the other hand, there were no significant changes of sVEGFR-2, PlGF, sICAM-1, or IL-6 after monthly IVB. After 1 dose of bevacizumab, changes of VEGF, visual acuity, and optical coherence tomography parameters almost occurred in parallel.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest an important role of the cytokine network in both BRVO and CRVO, and may contribute to a new strategy for macular oedema associated with retinal vein occlusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidetaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Noma
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mimura
authors.forename: Kanako
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000068258:Bevacizumab / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D012170:Retinal Vein Occlusion / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D016207:Cytokines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000068258:Bevacizumab