title: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) and metals in scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) needles from Eastern and Northern Europe: Spatiotemporal patterns, and potential sources.
abstract: Pine needles were sampled to determine levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and metals in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) needles at industrial, urban and background sites in Sweden (SW), Czech Republic (CZ) and Slovakia (SK). Spatial and temporal patterns of PCDD/Fs in pine needles were investigated and principal component analysis (PCA) used to determine spatial patterns, potential sources and transport of PCDD/Fs. Levels of PCDD/Fs in pine needles were generally greatest near to industrial sites (Ʃ2,3,7,8-PCDD/Fs (lower bound (LB)): 6 ng kg(-1) - 190 ng kg(-1)) compared to urban and background sites (Ʃ2,3,7,8-PCDD/Fs (LB): 0.90 ng kg(-1) - 20 ng kg(-1)). Using metal contamination in pine needles helped to detect spatial patterns and separate local thermal sources of PCDD/Fs.
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address: holt@recetox.muni.cz.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Holt
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Anton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kočan
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Klánová
authors.affiliation: Department of Forest Biomaterials and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-90183, Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anteneh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Assefa
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7050, SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wiberg
mesh_terms: D002947:Cities; D018153:Czech Republic; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D007221:Industry; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis*; D041605:Pinus sylvestris; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000032:analysis*; D018154:Slovakia; D013548:Sweden
chemical_list: D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D008670:Metals; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins
keywords: Atmospheric contamination; Europe; Metal; Pine needle; Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans