title: Outcomes of type II endoleaks after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair: a single-center, retrospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to determine incidence and outcomes of type II endoleaks (T2E) after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of procedural angiograms, computed tomography angiography, and medical records of 202 patients who underwent EVAR with the Gore Excluder stent graft was performed to determine presence and outcomes of T2E.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median follow-up time for 163 patients meeting inclusion criteria [136 males (83%)] was 24.7 months (range=0.5-85.2 months). T2E occurred in 66/163 patients (40.5%). Aneurysm sac size was unchanged in 32/66 patients (48.5%), decreased in 22/66 (33.3%), and increased in 12/66 (18.2%). No aneurysm ruptures, conversion to open repair, or aneurysm-related deaths occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  T2E are a common occurrence after EVAR, often with benign outcome. However, routine surveillance should be performed, particularly in patients with persistent endoleak or sac growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Mailstop 4032, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA. Electronic address: kpippin@kumc.edu.
authors.forename: Kaley
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pippin
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Mailstop 4032, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
authors.forename: Jianghua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Mailstop 4032, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000601:surgery*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D057867:Endoleak / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Abdominal; Aortic aneurysm; Aortic stent grafts; Endoleak; Endovascular procedure