title: Hepatitis b virus expression and replication in ovum and the influencing factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the factors that influence hepatitis B virus (HBV) expression and replication in the ovum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques were used to assay the distributions of HBcAg, HBV DNA, and HBV mRNA in ovarian tissues and the ovum in 50 patients with chronic HBV infection. HBeAg and HBV DNA in the serum were also detected. Comparisons of categorical data were performed using McNemar test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The positive rates of HBcAg, HBV DNA, and HBV mRNA in ovum and ovarian tissues of high replication group were significantly higher than low replication group (χ2 = 15.04, P< 0.05; χ2 = 12.96, P<0.05; χ2 = 19.36, P< 0.05; respectively). High positive rates of HBcAg, HBV DNA, and HBV mRNA in ovum and ovarian tissues were found in women with HBeAg-positive than HBeAg-negative (χ2 = 113.14,P< 0.05; χ2 = 11.13, P< 0.05; χ2 = 17.39, P< 0.05; respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HBV can infect and replicate in the ovary and ovum. Maternal HBeAg status and HBV DNA levels are important influencing factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Disease and Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Disease and Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Center, Shaanxi Maternal and Child Care Hospital, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Juanzi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Center, Shaanxi Maternal and Child Care Hospital, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Hongtao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Disease and Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Shumei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D010053:Ovary / Q000821:virology*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens; D012367:RNA, Viral