title: Age-, sex- and glucose-dependent correlation of plasma soluble vascular adhesion protein-1 concentration with cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis.
abstract: Soluble vascular adhesion protein-1 (sVAP-1) may act as a biomarker for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. The associations of sVAP-1 concentration with cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis at the population level have not been reported.
  
  
  
  This cross-sectional study included 834 asymptomatic subjects (49.1 ± 9.3 years). sVAP-1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT).
  
  
  
  sVAP-1 increased with age. Women had a higher concentration than men in age > 40 years. In women, sVAP-1 was negatively associated with estradiol (p < 0.01) and body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.05). In men, sVAP-1 was negatively associated with apolipoprotein A (ApoA) (p < 0.01), alcohol intake (p < 0.01) and uric acid (p < 0.05), but positively associated with ApoB/ApoA (p < 0.05). In hyperglycemia subjects, sVAP-1 positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose (p < 0.05) and hemoglobin A1c (p < 0.05), but in normoglycemic subjects, sVAP-1 negatively correlated with BMI (p < 0.01), triglyceride (p < 0.05), alcohol intake (p < 0.05). sVAP-1 independently influenced CIMT (β = 0.001, p = 0.040) and carotid plaques [odds ratio 1.380 (95% confidence interval 1.051-1.813, p = 0.021)] in hyperglycemia, and baPWV (β = 31.605, p = 0.014) in age > 55 years.
  
  
  
  sVAP-1 concentration correlates with cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis in an age-, sex- and glucose-dependent manner.
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Institute, the General Hospital of the Air Force, PLA (the Chinese People's Liberation Army), Haidian District, Beijing, China. kzdw66@sohu.com.
authors.forename: D-W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: R-M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: L-J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: C-L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roivainen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knuuti
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jalkanen
authors.forename: J-C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006631:Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing); D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; C076668:AOC3 protein, human; D006631:Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing); D005947:Glucose