title: Dietary putrescine effects on performance parameters, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology and tissue polyamine content of broilers fed low protein diet.
abstract: This study was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary putrescine (PUT) on broiler's response fed low crude protein (CP) diets. A total of 192 male day old chicks were fed with four dietary treatments including two levels of PUT (0 and 0.03%) and two levels of CP (normal and low) with factorial combinations. Weekly growth performance, nutrient digestibility and intestinal morphology (at the age of 21 days) and liver and intestinal tissue polyamines content were measured. As a result of this study lower dietary CP had a significant (P<0.05) lower body weight gain (BWG) and improved protein efficiency ratio (PER). PUT improved energy efficiency ratio (EER) significantly (P<0.05). Dry matter (DM) digestibility was decreased by lower dietary CP whereas 0.03% PUT significantly (P<0.05) increased it. Low CP caused significant (P<0.05) greater calcium digestibility, while this effect was not found when PUT was added. PUT had no effect on intestine villous height and crypt depth. Polyamine content of intestine and liver was influenced by the age of the birds, while PUT had no effects on them. In conclusion, dietary PUT has beneficial effects on EER in chicks fed CP-deficient diet, indicating possible involvement of PUT in energy metabolism. PUT supplementation did not moderate the reduced BWG of the chicks fed low protein. Intestinal and liver polyamine concentration was mainly affected by dietary CP and age of the birds rather than dietary PUT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Qom Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Qom, Iran;
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;; Department of Animal Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Loh
authors.affiliation: Bioprocess Department, Faculty of Biotechnology, University Putra Malaysia, 43400UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Foo
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;; Department of Animal Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zulkifli
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, 43400UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hair-Bejo
keywords: Broiler; Protein deficiency; Putrescine; Tissue polyamine