title: Role of Vitamin D in Cardiovascular Disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  According to many studies, vitamin D deficiency has been linked to cardiovascular diseases (CV). Other than maintaining skeletal health, vitamin D has been shown to decrease the risk of developing CV disease such as hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD) and thromboembolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  To perform a comprehensive review of the current literature on vitamin D and CV disease, we searched the online database, including PUBMED, Scopus, and Google Scholar until data inception January 2016. The search term included "vitamin D", "blood pressure", "hypertension", "coronary artery disease "and "thrombosis". We only included human studies that were published in English.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A majority of data indicate that there is no relationship between vitamin D and hypertension, but the association of vitamin D with thrombosis is yet to be determined. Vitamin D is a fair predictor of adverse outcomes in coronary artery disease (CAD), which highlights it for future studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to research, there is a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among patients with CV diseases, which needs to be diagnosed and treated.
authors.affiliation: Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Faezeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Modarresi-Ghazani
authors.affiliation: Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Esmaeil
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hejazi
authors.affiliation: Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Afshin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gharekhani
authors.affiliation: Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. tentezari@gmail.com, entezarim@tbzmed.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Taher
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Entezari-Maleki
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000150:complications*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D