title: CD8 Encephalitis Caused by Persistently Detectable Drug-resistant HIV.
abstract: We herein report a 52-year-old man infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who was referred to our hospital due to the development of severe neurocognitive disorders and bilateral leukoencephalopathy. He has been treated with antiretroviral agents for 17 years, but low-level viremia has been detected consistently prior to admission. Drug resistant testing of the serum and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) both demonstrated a M184V mutation. A brain biopsy revealed perivascular CD8(+) T-lymphocyte infiltration, leading to the diagnosis of CD8 encephalitis. The clinical symptoms improved drastically after changing to a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor sparing regimen, which subsequently decreased the HIV viral load to an undetectable level in both the serum and CSF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagoya University Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morioka
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yanagisawa
authors.forename: Shugo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Noritaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sekiya
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suganuma
authors.forename: Akifumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Imamura
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ajisawa
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kishida
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology*; D024921:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019562:Viral Load / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents