title: CSF and plasma adipokines after tonic-clonic seizures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adipokines, especially leptin and adiponectin, have gained increasing importance in pathophysiology of various neurological diseases including epilepsy. There are experimental data suggesting a role for leptin in the genesis of seizures and neuroprotection related to seizures. However there are no clinical studies on the effects of epileptic seizures on adipokines.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma levels of leptin, adiponectin and adipsin after provoked or unprovoked primary or secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures in 13 female patients and seven controls. The samples were taken within 24h after the seizure onset.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Leptin plasma levels correlated negatively with the time to sample withdrawal, i.e. the longer the time interval between the seizure and the sample the lower the leptin levels in the patients. Interestingly, plasma adiponectin levels were significantly increased after the seizure episode.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides further evidence that there are seizure-induced acute changes in adipokine metabolism. Leptin concentrations seem to decrease during the first 24h after the seizure whereas adiponectin levels increase. The meaning of this response is far from clear, but it might be an endogenous attempt to prevent harmful effects of epileptic seizures in the central nervous system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, 33521 Tampere, Finland; Department of Neurology, University of Tampere School of Medicine, 33014 Tampere, Finland. Electronic address: johanna.palmio@uta.fi.
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Palmio
authors.affiliation: The Immunopharmacology Research Group, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland. Electronic address: katriina.vuolteenaho@uta.fi.
authors.forename: Katriina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vuolteenaho
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, 33521 Tampere, Finland. Electronic address: kai.lehtimaki@pshp.fi.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lehtimäki
authors.affiliation: The Immunopharmacology Research Group, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland. Electronic address: riina.nieminen@uta.fi.
authors.forename: Riina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nieminen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, 33521 Tampere, Finland. Electronic address: jukka.peltola@pshp.fi.
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peltola
authors.affiliation: The Immunopharmacology Research Group, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland. Electronic address: eeva.moilanen@uta.fi.
authors.forename: Eeva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moilanen
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D011416:Complement Factor D / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D004830:Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D020738:Leptin; D011416:Complement Factor D
keywords: Adiponectin; Cerebrospinal fluid; Epilepsy; Leptin; Plasma; Tonic–clonic seizure