title: The clinicopathological significance of Jagged1 and DLL4 in gallbladder cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gallbladder cancers (GBCs) are highly aggressive gastrointestinal cancers with high mortality. Biological markers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted therapy of GBCs have not been established.
  
  
  METHODS
  The protein expression of Jagged1 and DLL4 in 80 adenocarcinomas (AC) and 46 squamous cell/adenosquamous carcinomas (SC/ASCs) was measured using immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Positive Jagged1 and DLL4 expression in both SC/ASC and AC was significantly associated with poor differentiation, large tumor size, invasion, metastasis, and low surgical curability. Univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that positive Jagged1 and DLL4 expression was significantly associated with mean survival of SC/ASC and AC patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that positive Jagged1 and DLL4 expression, as well as poor differentiation, large tumor size, high TNM stage, invasion, lymph node metastasis, and low surgical curability are independent poor prognostic factors in both SC/ASC and AC patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Positive Jagged1 and DLL4 expression is closely correlated with severe clinicopathological characteristics and poor prognosis in patients with SC/ASC and patients with AC.
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan - P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan - P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhu-Lin
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan - P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chunwei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan - P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiongying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan - P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhiyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan - P.R. China.
authors.forename: Daiqiang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan - P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan - P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jinghe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan - P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lufeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Loudi Central Hospital, Loudi, Hunan - P.R. China.
authors.forename: Guixiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital, Changsha, Hunan - P.R. China.
authors.forename: Senlin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D018196:Carcinoma, Adenosquamous / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000072100:Jagged-1 Protein / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; C424126:DLL4 protein, human; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D000072100:Jagged-1 Protein