title: Microfluidic-integrated DNA nanobiosensors.
abstract: Over the last few decades, an increased demand has emerged for integrating biosensors with microfluidic- and nanofluidic-based lab-on-chip (LOC) devices for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics, in the medical industry and environmental monitoring of pathogenic threat agents. Such a merger of microfluidics with biosensing technologies allows for the precise control of volumes, as low as one nanolitre and the integration of various types of bioassays on a single miniaturized platform. This integration offers several favorable advantages, such as low reagent consumption, automation of sample preparation, reduction in processing time, low cost analysis, minimal handling of hazardous materials, high detection accuracy, portability and disposability. This review provides a synopsis of the most recent developments in the microfluidic-integrated biosensing field by delineating the fundamental theory of microfluidics, fabrication techniques and a detailed account of the various transduction methods that are employed. Lastly, the review discusses state-of-the-art DNA biosensors with a focus on optical DNA biosensors.
authors.affiliation: Engineering Mechanics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Center for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bangalore 560064, India.
authors.forename: M I Haque
authors.initials: MIH
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.affiliation: Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge 02139, MA, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
authors.forename: Shabir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence in Nanotechnology and Chemistry Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: ahsanulhaq06@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ahsanulhaq
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Qurashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Firdous Ahmad
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Khanday
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D056656:Lab-On-A-Chip Devices; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D014159:Transducers
chemical_list: D004247:DNA
keywords: Aptamer; Biosensors; DNA; Microfluidics; Nanobiosensors; Plasmonic