title: Application of diffusion kurtosis imaging to odontogenic lesions: Analysis of the cystic component.
abstract: To assess the feasibility of applying diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) to common odontogenic lesions and to compare its diagnostic ability versus that of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for differentiating keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs) from odontogenic cysts.
  
  
  
  Altogether, 35 odontogenic lesions were studied: 24 odontogenic cysts, six KCOTs, and five ameloblastomas. The diffusion coefficient (D) and excessive kurtosis (K) were obtained from diffusion-weighted images at b-values of 0, 500, 1000, and 1500 s/mm2on 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The combination of D and K values showing the maximum density of the probable density function was estimated. The ADC was obtained (0 and 1000 s/mm2). Values for odontogenic cysts, KCOTs, and ameloblastomas were compared. Multivariate logistic regression modeling was performed to assess the combination of D and K model versus ADC for differentiating KCOTs from odontogenic cysts.
  
  
  
  The mean D and ADC were significantly higher for ameloblastomas than for odontogenic cysts or KCOTs (P < 0.05). The mean K was significantly lower for ameloblastomas than for odontogenic cysts or KCOTs (P < 0.05). The mean values of all parameters for odontogenic cysts and KCOTs showed no significant differences (P = 0.369 for ADC, 0.133 for D, and 0.874 for K). The accuracy of the combination of D and K model (76.7%) was superior to that of ADC (66.7%).
  
  
  
  Use of DKI may be feasible for common odontogenic lesions. A combination of DKI parameters can be expected to increase the accuracy of its diagnostic ability compared with ADC. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:1565-1571.
authors.affiliation: Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Junichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.affiliation: Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Ami
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuribayashi
authors.affiliation: Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kotaki
authors.affiliation: Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mamiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujikura
authors.affiliation: Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurabayashi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D009807:Odontogenic Cysts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D009808:Odontogenic Tumors / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D011861:Radiography, Dental / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: diffusion magnetic resonance imaging/methods*; head and neck neoplasms; image processing; computer-assisted/methods*; magnetic resonance imaging/methods*; odontogenic cysts; odontogenic tumors