title: Tunable recombinant protein expression in E. coli: enabler for continuous processing?
abstract: Tuning of transcription is a powerful process technological tool for efficient recombinant protein production in Escherichia coli. Many challenges such as product toxicity, formation of inclusion bodies, cell death, and metabolic burden are associated with non-suitable (too high or too low) levels of recombinant protein expression. Tunable expression systems allow adjusting the recombinant protein expression using process technological means. This enables to exploit the cell's metabolic capacities to a maximum. Within this article, we review genetic and process technological aspects of tunable expression systems in E. coli, providing a roadmap for the industrial exploitation of the reviewed technologies. We attempt to differentiate the term "expression tuning" from its inflationary use by providing a concise definition and highlight interesting fields of application for this versatile new technology. Dependent on the type of inducer (metabolizable or non-metabolizable), different process strategies are required in order to achieve tuning. To fully profit from the benefits of tunable systems, an independent control of growth rate and expression rate is indispensable. Being able to tackle problems such as long-term culture stability and constant product quality expression tuning is a promising enabler for continuous processing in biopharmaceutical production.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marschall
authors.affiliation: Exputec GmbH, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sagmeister
authors.affiliation: Exputec GmbH, Vienna, Austria. Christoph.Herwig@tuwien.ac.at.|Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanistic and Physiological Methods for Improved Bioprocesses, Vienna University of Technology, Gumpendorferstraße 1a/166-4, 1060, Vienna, Austria. Christoph.Herwig@tuwien.ac.at.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herwig
mesh_terms: D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D007218:Industrial Microbiology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins
keywords: All-or-none induction; Continuous processing; E. coli; Transcription; Tunable