title: Cupping in the Monkey Optic Nerve Transection Model Consists of Prelaminar Tissue Thinning in the Absence of Posterior Laminar Deformation.
abstract: To use optical coherence tomography (OCT) to test the hypothesis that optic nerve head (ONH) "cupping" in the monkey optic nerve transection (ONT) model does not include posterior laminar deformation.
  
  
  
  Five monkeys (aged 5.5-7.8 years) underwent ONH and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) OCT imaging five times at baseline and biweekly following unilateral ONT until euthanization at ∼40% RNFL loss. Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) and minimum rim width (MRW) were calculated from each pre- and post-ONT imaging session. The anterior lamina cribrosa surface (ALCS) was delineated within baseline and pre-euthanasia data sets. Significant ONT versus control eye pre-euthanasia change in prelaminar tissue thickness (PLTT), MRW, RNFLT, and ALCS depth (ALCSD) was determined using a linear mixed-effects model. Eye-specific change in each parameter exceeded the 95% confidence interval constructed from baseline measurements.
  
  
  
  Animals were euthanized 49 to 51 days post ONT. Overall ONT eye change from baseline was significant for MRW (-26.2%, P = 0.0011), RNFLT (-43.8%, P < 0.0001), PLTT (-23.8%, P = 0.0013), and ALCSD (-20.8%, P = 0.033). All five ONT eyes demonstrated significant eye-specific decreases in MRW (-23.7% to -31.8%) and RNFLT (-39.6% to -49.7%). Four ONT eyes showed significant PLTT thinning (-23.0% to -28.2%). The ALCS was anteriorly displaced in three of the ONT eyes (-25.7% to -39.2%). No ONT eye demonstrated posterior laminar displacement.
  
  
  
  Seven weeks following surgical ONT in the monkey eye, ONH cupping involves prelaminar and rim tissue thinning without posterior deformation of the lamina cribrosa.
authors.affiliation: Discoveries in Sight Research Laboratories, Devers Eye Institute, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, United States.
authors.forename: Eliesa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ing
authors.affiliation: Discoveries in Sight Research Laboratories, Devers Eye Institute, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, United States 2Optic Nerve Head Research Laboratory, Devers Eye Institute, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, United States.
authors.forename: Kevin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Ivers
authors.affiliation: Discoveries in Sight Research Laboratories, Devers Eye Institute, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, United States 2Optic Nerve Head Research Laboratory, Devers Eye Institute, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, United States.
authors.forename: Hongli
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Discoveries in Sight Research Laboratories, Devers Eye Institute, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, United States.
authors.forename: Stuart K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Gardiner
authors.affiliation: Discoveries in Sight Research Laboratories, Devers Eye Institute, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, United States 2Optic Nerve Head Research Laboratory, Devers Eye Institute, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, United States.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reynaud
authors.affiliation: Discoveries in Sight Research Laboratories, Devers Eye Institute, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, United States.
authors.forename: Grant
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cull
authors.affiliation: Discoveries in Sight Research Laboratories, Devers Eye Institute, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, United States.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Discoveries in Sight Research Laboratories, Devers Eye Institute, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, United States 2Optic Nerve Head Research Laboratory, Devers Eye Institute, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, Oregon, United States.
authors.forename: Claude F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Burgoyne
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000473:pathology*; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000473:pathology*; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D020221:Optic Nerve Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*