title: Management of acute maxillary sinusitis after sinus bone grafting procedures with simultaneous dental implants placement - a retrospective study.
abstract: The sinus lift was first described in 1974 and it has proven to be a predictable procedure ever since. The complications of this surgical procedure are reported in the literature to be low, and can include acute maxillary sinusitis, scattering of the grafting material into the sinus cavity, wound dehiscence and Schneiderian membrane perforations. We aimed to evaluate the rate of acute maxillary sinusitis after sinus lift procedures and the appropriate management strategies.
  
  
  
  Between 2013 and 2015, 245 dental implants were placed in 116 patients (76 males and 40 females) with concomitant bone augmentation of the maxillary sinus floor. The sinus lifting procedure was bilateral in 35 patients and unilateral in 81 patients (a total of 151 sinuses).
  
  
  
  Maxillary sinusitis occurred in 5 patients (4.3 %). The clinical signs of infection were: headache, locoregional pain, cacosmia, inflammation of the oral buccal mucosa and rhinorrhea or unilateral nasal discharge. A mucosal fistula was observed during inspection in one patient. The management included only the removal of the grafting material in 3 patients, in 1 patient the grafting material was removed together with all the implants, and in 1 patient only 2 implants and the grafting material were removed, 1 implant being left in place. The sinus cavity was irrigated with metronidazole solution and antibiotic therapy with clindamycin and metronidazole was prescribed for 10 days. Subsequently, all signs of infection disappeared within 5 to 7 days and normal sinus function and drainage were restored.
  
  
  
  Although sinus lift is regarded as a safe and reliable procedure, acute sinusitis is a possible complication which has to be managed immediately in order to reduce the risk of further complications like pansinusitis, osteomyelitis of the maxillary bone, and spreading of the infection in the infratemporal space or orbital cavity. To minimize risk, caution must be taken with all the steps of the procedure, in order not to obliterate the ostium, impairing maxillary sinus clearance.
authors.affiliation: "Dan Theodorescu" Clinical Hospital of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Bucharest, Romania.|Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Lucian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chirilă
authors.affiliation: Dental Concept Studio, Bucharest, Romania.|MINEC, Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rotaru
authors.affiliation: Opera Dental, Bucharest, Romania.|MINEC, Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Iulian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Filipov
authors.affiliation: Dental Concept Studio, Bucharest, Romania. mihai.s@gmail.com.|Department of Oral Implantology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania. mihai.s@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mihai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Săndulescu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000601:surgery*; D015523:Maxillary Sinusitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012383:Romania / Q000453:epidemiology; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants