title: Phytoremediation of wastewater toxicity using water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes).
abstract: This paper elucidates the phytoremediation potential of water hyacinth and water lettuce on the reduction of wastewater toxicity. Acute toxicity tests were performed in an aquarium with a population of Sarotherodon melanotheron, contaminated by different concentrations of wastewaters before and after phytoremediation with Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes. Lethal concentrations (LC50) of the fish's population obtained during 24 hours of exposures were determined. COD, BOD, ammonium, TKN and PO4(3-) concentrations in wastewaters were of 1850.29, 973.33, 38.34, 61.49 and 39.23 mg L(-1), respectively, for each plant. Phytoremediation reduced 58.87% of ammonium content, 50.04% of PO4(3-), 82.45% of COD and 84.91% of BOD. After 15 days of the experiment, metal contents in treated wastewaters decreased from 6.65 to 97.56% for water hyacinth and 3.51 to 93.51% for water lettuce tanks. Toxicity tests showed that the mortality of fish exposed increased with increase in concentration of pollutants in wastewaters and the time of exposure. Therefore, the highest value of LC50 was recorded for fish subjected to 3 hours of exposure (16.37%). The lowest rate was obtained after an exposure of 20 to 24 hours (5.85%). After phytoremediation, the effluents purified by Eichhornia crassipes can maintain the fish life beyond 24 hours of exposure.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Management and Environmental Sciences , University of Nangui-Abrogoua , Abidjan , Côte d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: Kouamé Kouamé
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Victor
authors.affiliation: a Department of Management and Environmental Sciences , University of Nangui-Abrogoua , Abidjan , Côte d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: Yapoga
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Séka
authors.affiliation: a Department of Management and Environmental Sciences , University of Nangui-Abrogoua , Abidjan , Côte d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: Kouadio Kouakou
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Norbert
authors.affiliation: a Department of Management and Environmental Sciences , University of Nangui-Abrogoua , Abidjan , Côte d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: Tidou Abiba
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Sanogo
authors.affiliation: b Oceanological Research Center , Abidjan , Côte d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: Atsé Boua
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Celestin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D029064:Araceae / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D023681:Cichlids / Q000378:metabolism; D031806:Eichhornia / Q000378:metabolism*; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Aquatic macrophytes; fish mortality; phytoremediation; wastewater toxicity