title: Does the flushing response modify the relationship between alcohol intake and hypertension in the Japanese population? NIPPON DATA2010.
abstract: The influence of alcohol intake on hypertension may vary depending on the flushing response, but this relationship has not been confirmed. The relationship between alcohol intake and hypertension was examined according to the flushing response in a representative sample of the Japanese population. Participants in the National Health and Nutrition Survey in 2010 were asked to participate in the baseline survey of NIPPON DATA2010. Here, we investigated the relationship between alcohol intake and hypertension according to the flushing response. Statistical analyses were performed in a cross-sectional manner using multiple logistic regression models after adjusting for age, body mass index, smoking status, present illness of diabetes mellitus and present illness of dyslipidemia. Of the 1139 men and 1263 women, 659 and 463, respectively, had hypertension. Among the men, alcohol intake was positively associated with hypertension, regardless of the flushing response (P for linear trend both <0.05). This positive relationship was observed for both users and non-users of antihypertensive drugs. No interaction with the flushing response was observed (P for interaction=0.360). In women, although the direction differed between flushers and non-flushers, the association between alcohol intake and hypertension was not significant, regardless of flushing response. In conclusion, In Japanese men, alcohol intake was positively associated with hypertension in a manner that was not influenced by the flushing response.
authors.affiliation: Division of Personalized Prevention and Epidemiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Mana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kogure
authors.affiliation: Division of Personalized Prevention and Epidemiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Naho
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.affiliation: Division of Personalized Prevention and Epidemiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hozawa
authors.affiliation: Division of Personalized Prevention and Epidemiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakaya
authors.affiliation: Division of Personalized Prevention and Epidemiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nursing, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan.
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miyamatsu
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan.
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
authors.affiliation: National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Higashiyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Nutrition, University of Human Arts and Sciences, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Nagako
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takashima
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fujiyoshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan.|Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan.
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kadota
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohkubo
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan.|Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirotsugu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ueshima
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Strategy for Prevention, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan.|Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D044466:Asian People; D005260:Female; D005483:Flushing / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents