title: Changes of ethyl carbamate and its precursors in maesil (Prunus mume) extract during one-year fermentation.
abstract: The contents of ethyl carbamate (EC), cyanide, and ethanol were determined in maesil extracts that are liquids generated from fermentation of maesil fruit and brown sugar at 25°C or 15°C for one year. EC was detected from day 150 with a maximum value of 9.7μg/kg. The cyanide levels increased with prolonged soaking time of maesil and decreased at day 150 where EC was firstly detected, indicating that cyanide is a precursor of EC. Ethanol slowly increased at 25°C, while it fluctuated at 15°C. The contents of EC, cyanide, and ethanol were higher in the extracts fermented at 25°C compared with those at 15°C. EC contents had a higher positive correlation with cyanide contents (R=0.658) than ethanol contents (R=0.351). These results indicate that fermenting temperature gave a rise of EC precursors and consequently led to the increase of EC in the maesil extract.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 139-774, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bogyoung
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 139-774, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kohem7@swu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Eunmi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Koh
mesh_terms: D003486:Cyanides / Q000032:analysis; D000431:Ethanol / Q000032:analysis; D005285:Fermentation; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D027861:Prunus / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014520:Urethane / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D003486:Cyanides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014520:Urethane; D000431:Ethanol
keywords: Cyanide; Ethanol; Ethyl carbamate; Fermentation; Maesil