title: Severe Cranioencephalic Trauma: Prehospital Care, Surgical Management and Multimodal Monitoring.
abstract: Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of death in developed countries. It is estimated that only in the United States about 100,000 people die annually in parallel among the survivors there is a significant number of people with disabilities with significant costs for the health system. It has been determined that after moderate and severe traumatic injury, brain parenchyma is affected by more than 55% of cases. Head trauma management is critical is the emergency services worldwide. We present a review of the literature regarding the prehospital care, surgical management and intensive care monitoring of the patients with severe cranioecephalic trauma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cartagena, Colombia  
authors.forename: Luis Rafael
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Moscote-Salazar
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bosque, Colombia  
authors.forename: Andres
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: M Rubiano
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cartagena, Colombia  
authors.forename: Hernando Raphael
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Alvis-Miranda
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, UNAM, School of Medicine, Mexico D.F, Mexico  
authors.forename: Willem
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Calderon-Miranda
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cartagena, Colombia  
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alcala-Cerra
authors.affiliation: UNAM, School of Medicine, Mexico D.F, Mexico  
authors.forename: Marco Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Blancas Rivera
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, MM Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana- Ambala, 133-207, Haryana, India.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agrawal
keywords: Emergency; Management; Neurotrauma; Trauma; Traumatic brain injury