title: Lymphotoxin-Dependent B Cell-FRC Crosstalk Promotes De Novo Follicle Formation and Antibody Production following Intestinal Helminth Infection.
abstract: Secondary lymphoid tissues provide specialized niches for the initiation of adaptive immune responses and undergo a remarkable expansion in response to inflammatory stimuli. Although the formation of B cell follicles was previously thought to be restricted to the postnatal period, we observed that the draining mesenteric lymph nodes (mLN) of helminth-infected mice form an extensive number of new, centrally located, B cell follicles in response to IL-4Rα-dependent inflammation. IL-4Rα signaling promoted LTα1β2 (lymphotoxin) expression by B cells, which then interacted with CCL19 positive stromal cells to promote lymphoid enlargement and the formation of germinal center containing B cell follicles. Importantly, de novo follicle formation functioned to promote both total and parasite-specific antibody production. These data reveal a role for type 2 inflammation in promoting stromal cell remodeling and de novo follicle formation by promoting B cell-stromal cell crosstalk.
authors.affiliation: Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), station 19, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Lalit Kumar
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Dubey
authors.affiliation: Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), station 19, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lebon
authors.affiliation: Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), station 19, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mosconi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Center for Immunity and Infection Lausanne, University of Lausanne, 1066 Épalinges, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Chen-Ying
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Elke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Scandella
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Burkhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ludewig
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Center for Immunity and Infection Lausanne, University of Lausanne, 1066 Épalinges, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Sanjiv A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Luther
authors.affiliation: Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), station 19, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: nicola.harris@epfl.ch.
authors.forename: Nicola L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Harris
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000276:immunology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D054415:Chemokine CCL19 / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006373:Helminthiasis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D053662:Interleukin-4 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D007411:Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D053259:Lymphotoxin beta Receptor / Q000378:metabolism; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009351:Nematospiroides dubius / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000473:pathology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D054415:Chemokine CCL19; D053662:Interleukin-4 Receptor alpha Subunit; D053259:Lymphotoxin beta Receptor; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha