title: Campomanesia adamantium extract induces DNA damage, apoptosis, and affects cyclophosphamide metabolism.
abstract: Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg. is originally from Brazil. Its leaves and fruits have medicinal properties such as anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal and antiseptic properties. However, the mutagenic potential of this species has been reported in few studies. This study describes the mutagenic/antimutagenic, splenic phagocytic, and apoptotic activities of C. adamantium hydroethanolic extract with or without cyclophosphamide in Swiss mice. The animals orally received the hydroethanolic extract at doses of 30, 100, or 300 mg/kg with or without 100 mg/kg cyclophosphamide. Mutagenesis was evaluated by performing the micronucleus assay after treatment for 24, 48, and 72 h, while splenic phagocytic and apoptotic effects were investigated after 72 h. Short-term exposure of 30 and 100 mg/kg extract induced mild clastogenic/aneugenic effects and increased splenic phagocytosis and apoptosis in the liver, spleen, and kidneys. When the extract was administered in combination with cyclophosphamide, micronucleus frequency and apoptosis reduced. Extract components might affect cyclophosphamide metabolism, which possibly leads to increased clearance of this chemotherapeutic agent. C. adamantium showed mutagenic activity and it may decrease the effectiveness of drugs with metabolic pathways similar to those associated with cyclophosphamide. Thus, caution should be exercised while consuming these extracts, especially when received in combination with other drugs.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Células Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica, Hospital Universitário "Maria Aparecida Pedrossian", EBSERH, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.|Programa de Mestrado em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Martello
authors.affiliation: Centro de Células Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica, Hospital Universitário "Maria Aparecida Pedrossian", EBSERH, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.|Programa de Mestrado em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: David
authors.affiliation: Programa de Mestrado em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matuo
authors.affiliation: Centro de Células Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica, Hospital Universitário "Maria Aparecida Pedrossian", EBSERH, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.|Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento da Região Centro-Oeste, Faculdade de Medicina Dr. Hélio Mandetta, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Rede Pró-Centro-Oeste, Instituto de Química.
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.affiliation: Programa de Mestrado em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: A C D
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Monreal
authors.affiliation: Programa de Mestrado em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Cunha-Laura
authors.affiliation: Curso de Graduação em Química, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: C A L
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Curso de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: C A L
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Kassuya
authors.affiliation: Centro de Células Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica, Hospital Universitário "Maria Aparecida Pedrossian", EBSERH, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.|Programa de Mestrado em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.|Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento da Região Centro-Oeste, Faculdade de Medicina Dr. Hélio Mandetta, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Oliveira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004249:DNA Damage; D051379:Mice; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D027822:Myrtaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D010587:Phagocytosis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000633:toxicity*; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009153:Mutagens; D010936:Plant Extracts; D003520:Cyclophosphamide