title: High-resolution renal perfusion mapping using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in ischemia-reperfusion injury monitors changes in renal microperfusion.
abstract: Alterations in renal microperfusion play an important role in the development of acute kidney injury with long-term consequences. Here we used contrast-enhanced ultrasonography as a novel method for depicting intrarenal distribution of blood flow. After infusion of microbubble contrast agent, bubbles were collapsed in the kidney and postbubble destruction refilling was measured in various regions of the kidney. Local perfusion was monitored in vivo at 15, 30, 45, 60 minutes and 24 hours after 28 minutes of bilateral ischemia in 12 mice. High-resolution, pixel-by-pixel analysis was performed on each imaging clip using customized software, yielding parametric perfusion maps of the kidney, representing relative blood volume in each pixel. These perfusion maps revealed that outer medullary perfusion decreased disproportionately to the reduction in the cortical and inner medullary perfusion after ischemia. Outer medullary perfusion was significantly decreased by 69% at 60 minutes postischemia and remained significantly less (40%) than preischemic levels at 24 hours postischemia. Thus, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with high-resolution parametric perfusion maps can monitor changes in renal microvascular perfusion in space and time in mice. This novel technique can be translated to clinical use in man.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Focused Ultrasound Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Renal Division and Biomedical Engineering Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Krisztina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Focused Ultrasound Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: F Can
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Meral
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Focused Ultrasound Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Yongzhi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Mark G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Vangel
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Focused Ultrasound Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Ferenc A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Jolesz
authors.affiliation: Renal Division and Biomedical Engineering Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Takaharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichimura
authors.affiliation: Renal Division and Biomedical Engineering Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Electronic address: joseph_bonventre@hms.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Joseph V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Bonventre
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D045423:Microbubbles; D055806:Microvessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media
keywords: KIM-1; acute kidney injury; ischemia reperfusion; perfusion imaging