title: The Draft Genome Sequence of the Yersinia entomophaga Entomopathogenic Type Strain MH96T.
abstract: Here we report the draft genome of Yersinia entomophaga type strain MH96T. The genome shows 93.8% nucleotide sequence identity to that of Yersinia nurmii type strain APN3a-cT, and comprises a single chromosome of approximately 4,275,531 bp. In silico analysis identified that, in addition to the previously documented Y. entomophaga Yen-TC gene cluster, the genome encodes a diverse array of toxins, including two type III secretion systems, and five rhs-associated gene clusters. As well as these multicomponent systems, several orthologs of known insect toxins, such as VIP2 toxin and the binary toxin PirAB, and distant orthologs of some mammalian toxins, including repeats-in-toxin, a cytolethal distending toxin, hemolysin-like genes and an adenylate cyclase were identified. The genome also contains a large number of hypothetical proteins and orthologs of known effector proteins, such as LopT, as well as genes encoding a wide range of proteolytic determinants, including metalloproteases and pathogen fitness determinants, such as genes involved in iron metabolism. The bioinformatic data derived from the current in silico analysis, along with previous information on the pathobiology of Y. entomophaga against its insect hosts, suggests that a number of these virulence systems are required for survival in the hemocoel and incapacitation of the insect host.
authors.affiliation: AgResearch, Farm Systems &amp; Environment, Lincoln Research Centre, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. mark.hurst@agresearch.co.nz.
authors.forename: Mark R H
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hurst
authors.affiliation: AgResearch, Farm Systems &amp; Environment, Lincoln Research Centre, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. amy.beattie@agresearch.co.nz.
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beattie
authors.affiliation: AgResearch Limited, Rumen Microbiology, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand. eric.altermann@agresearch.co.nz.|Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand. eric.altermann@agresearch.co.nz.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Altermann
authors.affiliation: AgResearch Limited, Bioinformatics &amp; Statistics, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand. roger.moraga@agresearch.co.nz.
authors.forename: Roger M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Moraga
authors.affiliation: AgResearch, Farm Systems &amp; Environment, Lincoln Research Centre, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. elphonso66@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Lincoln A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Harper
authors.affiliation: AgResearch, Farm Systems &amp; Environment, Lincoln Research Centre, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. j.calder@middleton.school.nz.
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Calder
authors.affiliation: AgResearch Limited, Bioinformatics &amp; Statistics, Lincoln Research Centre, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. aurelie.laugraud@agresearch.co.nz.
authors.forename: Aurelie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laugraud
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D019295:Computational Biology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics; D015007:Yersinia / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial
keywords: Rhs; Yersinia entomophaga; Yersinia nurmii; Yersinia ruckeri; entomopathogen; genome sequence