title: [Electronic eikonometer: Measurement tests displayed on stereoscopic screen].
abstract: We propose the presentation on a stereoscopic screen of the electronic eikonometer tests intended for analysis and measurement of perceptual effects of binocular disparity. These tests, so-called "built-in magnification tests" are constructed according to the same principle as those of preceding eikonometers (disparity variation parameters being included in each test presentation, which allows, for test observation and measurements during the examination, the removing of any intermediate optical system). The images of these tests are presented separately to each eye, according to active or passive stereoscopic screen technology: (1) Ogle Spatial Test to measure aniseikonia; (2) Fixation Disparity test: binocular nonius; (3) retinal correspondence test evaluated by nonius horopter; (4) stereoscopic test using Julesz' random-dot stereograms (RDS). All of these tests, with their variable parameters included, are preprogrammed by means of an associated mini-computer. This new system (a single screen for the presentation of tests for the right eye and left eye) will be much simpler to reproduce and install for all practitioners interested in the functional exploration of binocular vision. We develop the suitable methodology adapted to each type of examination, as well as manipulations to be performed by the operator. We then recall the possibilities for reducing aniseikonia thanks to some theoretical studies previously performed by matrix calculation of the size of the retinal images for different types of eye (emmetropia, axial or conformation anisometropia, aphakia) and for different means of correction (glasses, contact lenses, implants). Software for achieving these different tests is available, on request, at this address: eiconometre.electronique@gmail.com.
authors.affiliation: 61, avenue Philippe-Auguste, 75011 Paris, France. Electronic address: clotilde.bourdy@wanadoo.fr.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bourdy
authors.affiliation: 61, avenue Philippe-Auguste, 75011 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: James
mesh_terms: D000839:Aniseikonia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003261:Contact Lenses; D003290:Convergence, Ocular; D003626:Data Display; D055615:Electrical Equipment and Supplies; D005403:Fixation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D015357:Vision Disparity / Q000502:physiology; D014787:Vision Tests / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology; D014796:Visual Perception
keywords: Aniseikonia; Aniséiconie; Binocular disparity; Disparité binoculaire; Disparité de fixation; Fixation disparity; Fusion; Horoptère-vernier; Julesz RDS; Nonius-horopter; RDS Julesz