title: Comparison of Moringa stenopetala seed extract as a clean coagulant with Alum and Moringa stenopetala-Alum hybrid coagulant to remove direct dye from Textile Wastewater.
abstract: In this study, the efficiency of Moringa stenopetala seed extract was compared with alum and M. stenopetala-alum hybrid coagulant to remove Direct Red 23 azo dye from textile wastewater. The effects of parameters such as pH, coagulant dose, type of salt used for the extraction of coagulant and initial dye concentration on dye removal efficiency were investigated. Moreover, the existing functional groups on the structure of M. stenopetala coagulant (MSC) were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the morphology of sludge produced by MSC, alum, and hybrid coagulant was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Ninhydrin test was also used to determine the quantity of primary amines in the MSC and Moringa oleifera coagulant (MOC). According to the results, with increasing the coagulant dose and decreasing the initial dye concentration, dye removal efficiency has increased. The maximum dye removal of 98.5, 98.2, and 98.3 % were obtained by using 240, 120, and 80 mg/L MSC, alum and hybrid coagulant at pH 7, respectively. The results also showed MSC was much more effective than MOC for dye removal. The volume of sludge produced by MSC was one fourth and half of those produced by alum and hybrid coagulant, respectively. Based on the results, hybrid coagulant was the most efficient coagulant for direct dye removal from colored wastewater.
authors.affiliation: Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dalvand
authors.affiliation: Depatment of Organic Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Elham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gholibegloo
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.|Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ganjali
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Najmeh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Golchinpoor
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Qom University of Medical Science, Qom, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khazaei
authors.affiliation: Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kamani
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Sara Sadat
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ahmahvi@yahoo.com.|Center for Solid Waste Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ahmahvi@yahoo.com.|National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ahmahvi@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Amir Hossein
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Mahvi
mesh_terms: D000534:Alum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D007220:Industrial Waste; D029587:Moringa / Q000737:chemistry*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D013784:Textiles; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000534:Alum Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents; D007220:Industrial Waste; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C041524:aluminum sulfate
keywords: Coagulation; Hybrid coagulant; Moringa stenopetala; Textile wastewater