title: Altered immune parameters correlate with infection-related hospitalizations in children with Down syndrome.
abstract: In addition to previously studied immunological variables, the relative expression of IFNGR2, IFNAR1, CD18, and CD275 (all encoded in chromosome 21) on circulating leucocytes and multifunctional T cells (evaluated by an intracellular cytokine/proliferation assay) were compared between children with Down syndrome (DS) and healthy controls (HC). As previously reported, numbers of lymphocytes, CD4(+) T cells, Treg cells, B cells, and levels of serum IgM were decreased, and levels of IgG and IgA were increased in children with DS. Moreover, the relative expression of CD18 on T and B cells (previously and not previously reported, respectively) were elevated in DS children (p⩽0.01). Age and numbers of B and Treg cells moderately correlated with retrospectively identified infection related hospitalizations (rho: 0.300-0.460, p⩽0.003). Age and the numbers of Treg cells also correlated with prospectively identified infection related hospitalizations. Future studies are necessary to clarify the role of these parameters in the immunity of DS patients.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No. 43-82, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.affiliation: Grupo Parasitología y Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Surcolombiana, Avenida Pastrana Borrero Carrera 1, Neiva, Huila, Colombia.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Castañeda
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No. 40-62, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jaramillo
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No. 40-62, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iregui
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No. 40-62, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Quiñonez
authors.affiliation: Grupo Parasitología y Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Surcolombiana, Avenida Pastrana Borrero Carrera 1, Neiva, Huila, Colombia.
authors.forename: Jairo A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No. 43-82, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Eddy
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Herrera
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Carrera 7 No. 40-62, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Ana Milena
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No. 43-82, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Martin A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rondón
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No. 40-62, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Prieto
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No. 40-62, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Juana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Angel
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No. 40-62, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Manuel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Carrera 7 No. 43-82, Bogotá, Colombia. Electronic address: mmesa001@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Martha C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Mesa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018821:CD18 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002891:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 / Q000235:genetics*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D060945:Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Ligand / Q000378:metabolism; D007223:Infant; D007239:Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D053633:Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017471:Receptors, Interferon / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D018821:CD18 Antigens; D016207:Cytokines; C498514:ICOSLG protein, human; C507964:IFNAR1 protein, human; C086185:IFNGR2 protein, human; D060945:Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Ligand; D017471:Receptors, Interferon; D053633:Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta
keywords: Adaptive immunity; Down syndrome; Flow cytometry; Infection; Innate immunity