title: [Possible causes of unspecific reduced productivity in dairy herds in SchIeswig-Holstein: an explorative case-control study].
abstract: Recently unspecific productivity losses were observed in dairy herds in Schleswig Holstein, Germany. This case-control study on cattle health investigated the possible association between a multifactorial event and the occurrence of unspecific productivity losses. 35 dairy farms were defined as cases and 65 farms as controls, when they met two out of three eligibility criteria, respectively (cell count, mortality and life production of cows). Case farms had relevantly more often problems with forage collection (too low cutting height), feed storage (no foil used), and energy supply of dairy cattle (insufficient feeding of corn silage and lowered energy content of grass silage). Case farms had relevantly more often dirty lying areas, feeding and walking alleys, feed bunks and watering places as well as more cows with dirty udders, flanks and legs than control farms. Farm individual self-control as well as veterinarian and agricultural consultancy should focus on these management areas. Furthermore, the health situation should be checked regularly on an individual animal level for diseases of the locomotor (especially by intensifying claw care), metabolic and reproductive systems. Additionally, 22 so-called intermediate farms with considerable herd health problem during the study period were investigated for possible exogenous influences on the farm performance. There were no indications for influences by the soil type, weather conditions at harvesting or wild bird occurrence on cropland, which might be as well due to the explorative nature of the study. However, herd health problems were apparent in case and intermediate farms more often and more diversely than in control farms.
authors.forename: Amely
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Campe
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hohmeier
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koesters
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hartmann
authors.forename: Inga
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ruddat
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mahlkow-Nerge
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heilemann
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000827:Animal Welfare; D000818:Animals; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002417:Cattle; D003612:Dairying / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006799:Housing, Animal