title: Influence of Flow Behavior of Alginate-Cell Suspensions on Cell Viability and Proliferation.
abstract: Tissue scaffolds with living cells fabricated by three-dimensional bioprinting/plotting techniques are becoming more prevalent in tissue repair and regeneration. In the bioprinting process, cells are subject to process-induced forces (such as shear force) that can result in cell damage and loss of cell function. The flow behavior of the biomaterial solutions that encapsulate living cells in this process plays an important role. This study used a rheometer to examine the flow behavior of alginate solution and alginate-Schwann cell (RSC96), alginate-fibroblast cell (NIH-3T3), and alginate-skeletal muscle cell (L8) suspensions during shearing with respect to effects on cell viability and proliferation. The flow behavior of all the alginate-cell suspensions varied with alginate concentration and cell density and had a significant influence on the viability and proliferation of the cells once sheared as well as on the recovery of the sheared cells. These findings provide a mean to preserve cell viability and/or retain cell proliferation function in the bioprinting process by regulating the flow behavior of cell-biomaterial suspensions and process parameters.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, Canada .
authors.forename: Liqun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Icam Engineering School , Paris, France .
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guillemot
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, Canada .
authors.forename: Jingxuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, Canada .
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kipouros
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, Canada .|4 Division of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, Canada .
authors.forename: Xiongbiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D062028:Bioprinting / Q000379:methods*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology*; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020723:Glucuronic Acid