title: Hyperfibrinogenemia is associated with inflammatory mediators and poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hyperfibrinogenemia is associated with poor prognosis in various cancers; however, its clinical relevance in gastric cancer has not been well analyzed. We conducted this study to assess the clinicopathological significance and prognostic value of hyperfibrinogenemia in patients with gastric cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma fibrinogen levels were measured preoperatively in 315 patients undergoing surgery for gastric cancer. We then evaluated the clinicopathological significance of hyperfibrinogenemia and its relationship with several biomarkers, including white blood cell (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), platelet count, prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). Postoperative plasma levels were compared with preoperative levels. The multivariate prognostic value of hyperfibrinogenemia was calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tumor progression was significantly associated with hyperfibrinogenemia, as were the CRP level and platelet counts. Plasma fibrinogen levels decreased significantly after radical surgery. Adjusting for TNM factors, multivariate analysis indicated that hyperfibrinogenemia was an independent prognostic factor for poor survival (hazard ratio = 2.607, 95 % confidence interval = 1.180-5.761, P = 0.018).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative hyperfibrinogenemia was associated with tumor progression, inflammatory mediators, and poor overall survival in patients with gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 142-8541, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 142-8541, Japan. hideaki.shimada@med.toho-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 142-8541, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nanami
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 142-8541, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 142-8541, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yajima
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 142-8541, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 142-8541, Japan.
authors.forename: Naohiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Washizawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 142-8541, Japan.
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaneko
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010976:Platelet Count; D057234:Preoperative Period; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D005340:Fibrinogen; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: Gastric cancer; Hyperfibrinogenemia; Plasma fibrinogen