title: The N-end rule pathway regulates pathogen responses in plants.
abstract: To efficiently counteract pathogens, plants rely on a complex set of immune responses that are tightly regulated to allow the timely activation, appropriate duration and adequate amplitude of defense programs. The coordination of the plant immune response is known to require the activity of the ubiquitin/proteasome system, which controls the stability of proteins in eukaryotes. Here, we demonstrate that the N-end rule pathway, a subset of the ubiquitin/proteasome system, regulates the defense against a wide range of bacterial and fungal pathogens in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. We show that this pathway positively regulates the biosynthesis of plant-defense metabolites such as glucosinolates, as well as the biosynthesis and response to the phytohormone jasmonic acid, which plays a key role in plant immunity. Our results also suggest that the arginylation branch of the N-end rule pathway regulates the timing and amplitude of the defense program against the model pathogen Pseudomonas syringae AvrRpm1.
authors.affiliation: Maynooth University, Department of Biology, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.|LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
authors.forename: Rémi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Marchi
authors.affiliation: Maynooth University, Department of Biology, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
authors.forename: Maud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sorel
authors.affiliation: Maynooth University, Department of Biology, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mooney
authors.affiliation: UMR BIOGER, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris Saclay, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fudal
authors.affiliation: Maynooth University, Department of Biology, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Goslin
authors.affiliation: Trinity College Dublin, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Kamila
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kwaśniewska
authors.affiliation: Trinity College Dublin, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Patrick T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.affiliation: Ecologie Systématique Evolution, CNRS/Université Paris-Sud/AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pfalz
authors.affiliation: Ecologie Systématique Evolution, CNRS/Université Paris-Sud/AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France.
authors.forename: Juergen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kroymann
authors.affiliation: Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, U.P.M. - I.N.I.A., Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la U.P.M., Campus de Montegancedo, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pollmann
authors.affiliation: School of Agriculture &Food Science and UCD Earth Institute, College of Health and Agricultural Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Feechan
authors.affiliation: Trinity College Dublin, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wellmer
authors.affiliation: LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rivas
authors.affiliation: Maynooth University, Department of Biology, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Graciet
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000276:immunology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000276:immunology; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000276:immunology*; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000276:immunology; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism; D057865:Plant Immunity; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000378:metabolism*; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D044224:Pseudomonas syringae / Q000276:immunology*; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D005961:Glucosinolates; D054883:Oxylipins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D025801:Ubiquitin; C011006:jasmonic acid; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex