title: Prediction of alcohol drinking in adolescents: Personality-traits, behavior, brain responses, and genetic variations in the context of reward sensitivity.
abstract: Adolescence is a time that can set the course of alcohol abuse later in life. Sensitivity to reward on multiple levels is a major factor in this development. We examined 736 adolescents from the IMAGEN longitudinal study for alcohol drinking during early (mean age=14.37) and again later (mean age=16.45) adolescence. Conducting structural equation modeling we evaluated the contribution of reward-related personality traits, behavior, brain responses and candidate genes. Personality seems to be most important in explaining alcohol drinking in early adolescence. However, genetic variations in ANKK1 (rs1800497) and HOMER1 (rs7713917) play an equal role in predicting alcohol drinking two years later and are most important in predicting the increase in alcohol consumption. We hypothesize that the initiation of alcohol use may be driven more strongly by personality while the transition to increased alcohol use is more genetically influenced.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. Electronic address: angela.heinrich@zi-mannheim.de.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heinrich
authors.affiliation: Neuroimaging Center, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Kathrin U
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Banaschewski
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Gareth J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Arun L W
authors.initials: ALW
authors.lastname: Bokde
authors.affiliation: Universitätsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Uli
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bromberg
authors.affiliation: Universitätsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Büchel
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Canada.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Conrod
authors.affiliation: Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Mira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fauth-Bühler
authors.affiliation: Neurospin, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Dimitri
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Papadopoulos
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gallinat
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, USA.
authors.forename: Hugh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Garavan
authors.affiliation: School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Penny
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gowland
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heinz
authors.affiliation: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig und Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ittermann
authors.affiliation: Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging & Psychiatry", Université Paris Sud, Orsay, and AP-HP Department of Adolescent Psychopathology and Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Martinot
authors.affiliation: Rotman Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Tomáš
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Paus
authors.affiliation: The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Zdenka
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Pausova
authors.affiliation: Neuroimaging Center, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Smolka
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ströhle
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Marcella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rietschel
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Herta
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Flor
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom; MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Gunter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schumann
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Frauke
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nees
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005819:Genetic Markers; D014644:Genetic Variation; D000072233:Homer Scaffolding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D010551:Personality; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D012201:Reward; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; C000606614:HOMER1 protein, human; D000072233:Homer Scaffolding Proteins; C489948:ANKK1 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
keywords: Adolescents; Behavior; Brain responses; Genetic variations; Longitudinal study; Personality; Prediction of alcohol consumption