title: A simple technique can reduce cardiopulmonary bypass use during lung transplantation.
abstract: Cardiopulmonary bypass causes an inflammatory response and consumption of coagulation factors, increasing the risk of bleeding and neurological and renal complications. Its use during lung transplantation may be due to pulmonary hypertension or associated cardiac defects or just for better exposure of the pulmonary hilum. We describe a simple technique, or open pericardium retraction, to improve hilar exposure by lifting the heart by upward retraction of the pericardial sac. This technique permits lung transplantation without cardiopulmonary bypass when bypass use is recommended only for better exposure.
authors.affiliation: Instituto do Coração, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Samano
authors.affiliation: Instituto do Coração, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leandro R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Iuamoto
authors.affiliation: Instituto do Coração, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Hugo V S
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.affiliation: Instituto do Coração, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucas M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Instituto do Coração, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luis G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Abdalla
authors.affiliation: Instituto do Coração, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabio B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Jatene
authors.affiliation: Instituto do Coração, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Pêgo-Fernandes
mesh_terms: D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008488:Medical Illustration; D010496:Pericardium; D013908:Thoracotomy / Q000379:methods*