title: The effects of indoor and outdoor temperature on metabolic rate and adipose tissue - the Mississippi perspective on the obesity epidemic.
abstract: Global warming, primarily caused by emissions of too much carbon dioxide, and climate change is a reality. This will lead to more extreme weather events with heatwaves and flooding. Some studies propose an association between thermal exposures and the prevalence of obesity with an increasing trend towards time spent in the thermal comfort zone. Longterm exposure to the thermal comfort zone can lead to a reduction of brown adipose tissue activity with an impact on energy expenditure and thermogenesis. Reduced seasonal cold exposure in combination with reduced diet-induced thermogenesis by a highly palatable high-fat and high-sugar diet and reduced physical activity contribute to the prevalence of obesity and the metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.|Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA. ckoch@umc.edu.|Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA. ckoch@umc.edu.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Koch
mesh_terms: D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000378:metabolism*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008922:Mississippi; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D022722:Thermogenesis / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Brown fat; Cold; Cryotherapy; Metabolic rate; Obesity; Temperature