title: Effect of Japanese cedar-specific sublingual immunotherapy on allergen-specific TH2 cell counts in blood.
abstract: The contribution of antigen-specific TH cells in peripheral blood to immunologic mechanisms underlying sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) remains unclear, partly because of the lack of a standardized method for the analysis of this rare lymphocyte subset.
  
  
  
  To clarify the role of antigen-specific TH cells during SLIT using a sensitive method analyzing activation marker CD154-positive TH cells with multicolor flow cytometry.
  
  
  
  We assessed antigen-specific TH cells using multicolor flow cytometry based on the expression of the activation marker CD154 and intracellular cytokines in patients with Japanese cedar pollinosis receiving SLIT at baseline and during the first pollen season after the initiation of SLIT.
  
  
  
  A total of 18 patients between 12 and 44 years of age were enrolled in the present study. Of these, 8 patients received SLIT (SLIT group) and 10 patients received symptomatic treatment only (control group). Although seasonal pollen exposure significantly increased the number of Japanese cedar-specific interleukin 5- and interleukin 4-producing TH cells in the control group (P < .01 for both), SLIT ameliorated this increase in the SLIT group (P = .64 and P = .84, respectively).
  
  
  
  The present study indicates that allergen-specific TH2 cells in peripheral blood are involved in mechanisms underlying SLIT. The analysis of antigen-specific TH cells using multicolor flow cytometry based on the expression of the activation marker CD154 represents a sensitive and relatively simple, standardized method for monitoring peripheral antigen-specific TH cells during allergen-specific immunotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan. Electronic address: tnomura@med.nagoya-cu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takayasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Motohiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokota
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ozeki
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan.
authors.forename: Ikuya
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tsuge
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saitoh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology*; D000918:Antibody Specificity / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D032485:Cryptomeria / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D011058:Pollen / Q000276:immunology*; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D063729:Sublingual Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D037182:T-Cell Antigen Receptor Specificity; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D016207:Cytokines; D007073:Immunoglobulin E