title: The role of free fatty acids in the inflammatory and cardiometabolic profile in adolescents with metabolic syndrome engaged in interdisciplinary therapy.
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate if interdisciplinary therapy can influence the cardiometabolic and serum free fatty acid profile. The second aim was to evaluate if there is an association between serum free fatty acids, inflammation and cardiometabolic biomarkers in obese adolescents with and without metabolic syndrome submitted to a long-term interdisciplinary therapy. The study involved 108 postpuberty obese adolescents, who were divided according to metabolic syndrome (MetS) diagnosis: MetS (n=32) and Non-MetS (n=76). The interdisciplinary therapy consisted of a 1-year period of nutrition, psychology, physical exercise and clinical support. After therapy, both groups improved metabolic, inflammatory (leptin, adiponectin, leptin/adiponectin ratio, adiponectin/leptin ratio and C-reactive protein) and cardiometabolic profile (PAI-1 and ICAM). Metabolic syndrome prevalence reduced from 28.70% to 12.96%. Both groups reduced myristic acid (C14:0) and increased docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n3), heneicosapentaenoic acid (HPA, C21:5n3) and arachidonic acid (C20:4n6). After adjustment for metabolic syndrome and the number of metabolic syndrome parameters, multiple regression analysis showed that changes in VCAM and PAI-1 were negatively associated with changes in cis-linoleic acid (C18:2n6c). Additionally, changes in trans-linoleic acid (C18:2n6t) were also positively associated with these biomarkers. Moreover, leptin and leptin/adiponectin ratio were negatively associated with changes in docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, C22:5n3) and stearidonic acid (SDA, C18:4n3). Adiponectin/leptin ratio was positively associated with docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, C22:5n3). Changes in adiponectin were positively correlated with changes in omega 3, such as heneicosapentaenoic acid (HPA, C21:5n3) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, C22:5n3). Results support that interdisciplinary therapy can control inflammatory and cardiometabolic profile in obese adolescents. Moreover, serum fatty acids can be influenced by lifestyle changes and are able to modulate these biomarkers.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil. Electronic address: deborahmasquio@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Deborah Cristina Landi
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Masquio
authors.affiliation: Centro Universitário São Camilo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Piano-Ganen
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil; Laboratório de Fisiologia da Nutrição, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Lila Missae
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Oyama
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Raquel Munhoz da Silveira
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline Boveto
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Santamarina
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriel Inácio de Morais Honorato
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia Geral, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline Dal'Olio
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia Geral, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata Guimarães
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávia Campos
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Corgosinho
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil; Laboratório de Fisiologia da Nutrição, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudia Maria Oller
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: do Nascimento
authors.affiliation: Weight Science, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tock
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tufik
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil; Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil.
authors.forename: Marco Túlio
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: de Mello
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil. Electronic address: ana.damaso@unifesp.br.
authors.forename: Ana R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Dâmaso
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D053198:Child Nutrition Sciences / Q000193:education; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D000072001:Diet, Healthy; D015444:Exercise; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood*; D000070497:Healthy Lifestyle; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D010348:Patient Care Team; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D057285:Precision Medicine; D015995:Prevalence; D011613:Psychotherapy; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified
keywords: Adolescents; Cardiometabolic; Free fatty acids; Inflammation; Interdisciplinary; Metabolic syndrome