title: Thiols as biomarkers of heavy metal tolerance in the aquatic macrophytes of Middle Urals, Russia.
abstract: Aquatic macrophytes, viz. Sagittaria sagittifolia L., Lemna gibba L., Elodea canadensis Michx., Batrachium trichophyllum (Chaix.) Bosch., Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Potamogeton sp. (P. perfoliatus L., P. alpinus Balb., P. crispus L., P. berchtoldii Fieber, P. friesii Rupr., P. pectinatus L.) were collected from 11 sites for determining their metal accumulation and thiols content. Cu(2+), Ni(2+), Mn(2+), Zn(2+), and Fe(3+) exceeded maximum permissible concentrations in chosen sites. Significant transfer of metals from water to leaves is observed in the order of Ni(2+) < Cu(2+) < Zn(2+) < Fe(3+) < Mn(2+). The maximum variation of bioconcentration factor was noticed for manganese. The accumulation of heavy metals in leaves was correlated with non-protein and protein thiols, confirming their important role in metal tolerance. The largest contribution was provided by Cu(2+) (on the average r = 0.88, p < 0.05), which obviously can be explained as an important role of these ions in thiols synthesis. Increased synthesis of thiols in the leaves allows the usage of SH-containing compounds as biomarkers of metal tolerance. Considering accumulation of metals and tolerance, B. trichophyllum, C. demersum and L. gibba are the most suitable species for phytoremediation of highly multimetal contamination, while E. canadensis and some species of Potamageton are suitable for moderately metal-polluted sites.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry , Faculty of Biology, Institute of Natural Sciences, Ural Federal University , Ekaterinburg , Russia.
authors.forename: Galina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Borisova
authors.affiliation: a Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry , Faculty of Biology, Institute of Natural Sciences, Ural Federal University , Ekaterinburg , Russia.
authors.forename: Nadezda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chukina
authors.affiliation: a Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry , Faculty of Biology, Institute of Natural Sciences, Ural Federal University , Ekaterinburg , Russia.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maleva
authors.affiliation: a Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry , Faculty of Biology, Institute of Natural Sciences, Ural Federal University , Ekaterinburg , Russia.
authors.forename: Adarsh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: a Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry , Faculty of Biology, Institute of Natural Sciences, Ural Federal University , Ekaterinburg , Russia.|b Department of Plant Sciences , University of Hyderabad , Hyderabad , India.
authors.forename: M N V
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Prasad
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000378:metabolism*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D012426:Russia; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: phytoremediation; water pollution; bioconcentration factor