title: Strategies of genome editing in mycobacteria: Achievements and challenges.
abstract: Tremendous amount of physiological and functional complexities acquired through decades of evolutionary pressure makes Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) one of the most dreadful microorganisms infecting humans from centuries. Astonishing advances in genomics and genome editing tools substantially grew our knowledge about Mtb as an organism but dramatically failed to completely understand it as a pathogen. Though conventional tools based on homologous recombination, antisense, controlled proteolysis, etc. have made important contributions in advancing our understanding of the pathophysiology of Mtb, yet these approaches have not accentuated our exploration of mycobacterium on account of certain technical limitations. In this review article we have compiled various approaches implemented in genome editing of mycobacteria along with the latest adaptation of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-interference (CRISPRi), emphasizing the achievements and challenges associated with these techniques.
authors.affiliation: Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India; Symbiosis School of Biomedical Sciences, Symbiosis International University, Lavale, Pune 412115, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Eira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Choudhary
authors.affiliation: Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India; Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, Near Munirka, New Delhi 110067, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Ajitesh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lunge
authors.affiliation: Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India. Electronic address: nisheeth@thsti.res.in.
authors.forename: Nisheeth
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Agarwal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064113:CRISPR-Cas Systems; D000072669:Gene Editing / Q000379:methods*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D059765:Homologous Recombination; D006801:Humans; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000235:genetics*; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000382:microbiology*
keywords: CRISPRi; Genome editing; Homologous recombination; Mycobacterium tuberculosis