title: Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes, Crohn's-Like Lymphoid Reaction, and Survival From Colorectal Cancer.
abstract: While clinical outcomes from colorectal cancer (CRC) are influenced by stage at diagnosis and treatment, mounting evidence suggests that an enhanced lymphocytic reaction to a tumor may also be an informative prognostic indicator.
  
  
  
  The roles of intratumoral T lymphocyte infiltration (TIL), peritumoral Crohn's-like lymphoid reaction (CLR), microsatellite instability (MSI), and clinicopathological characteristics in survival from CRC were examined using 2369 incident CRCs from a population-based case-control study in northern Israel. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CRC-specific and all-cause mortality in multivariable models adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, grade, stage, and MSI. All statistical tests were two-sided.
  
  
  
  Tumors with TIL/high-powered field (HPF) of 2 or greater were associated with a statistically significant increase in CRC-specific (P < .001) and overall survival (P < .001) compared with tumors with TIL/HPF of less than 2. Similarly, tumors with a prominent CLR experienced better CRC-specific (P < .001) and overall survival (P < .001) as compared with those with no response. High TILs (HR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.64 to 0.89, P < .001) and a prominent CLR (HR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.62 to 0.80, P < .001), but not MSI, were associated with a statistically significant reduction in all-cause mortality after adjustment for established prognostic factors.
  
  
  
  TILs and CLR are both prognostic indicators for CRC after adjusting for traditional prognostic indicators.
authors.affiliation: Affiliations of authors: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health (LSR), and Department of Pathology (JKG) and Department of Internal Medicine (LPT), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SLS, SBG); Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel (HSR, GR).
authors.forename: Laura S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Rozek
authors.affiliation: Affiliations of authors: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health (LSR), and Department of Pathology (JKG) and Department of Internal Medicine (LPT), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SLS, SBG); Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel (HSR, GR).
authors.forename: Stephanie L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Schmit
authors.affiliation: Affiliations of authors: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health (LSR), and Department of Pathology (JKG) and Department of Internal Medicine (LPT), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SLS, SBG); Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel (HSR, GR).
authors.forename: Joel K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Greenson
authors.affiliation: Affiliations of authors: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health (LSR), and Department of Pathology (JKG) and Department of Internal Medicine (LPT), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SLS, SBG); Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel (HSR, GR).
authors.forename: Lynn P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Tomsho
authors.affiliation: Affiliations of authors: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health (LSR), and Department of Pathology (JKG) and Department of Internal Medicine (LPT), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SLS, SBG); Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel (HSR, GR).
authors.forename: Hedy S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Rennert
authors.affiliation: Affiliations of authors: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health (LSR), and Department of Pathology (JKG) and Department of Internal Medicine (LPT), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SLS, SBG); Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel (HSR, GR).
authors.forename: Gad
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rennert
authors.affiliation: Affiliations of authors: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health (LSR), and Department of Pathology (JKG) and Department of Internal Medicine (LPT), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (SLS, SBG); Clalit National Israeli Cancer Control Center, Haifa, Israel (HSR, GR).
authors.forename: Stephen B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Gruber
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002423:Cause of Death; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality*; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007557:Israel / Q000453:epidemiology; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D053842:Microsatellite Instability; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D015996:Survival Rate