title: Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid and [11C]PIB PET Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease with Updated Protocols.
abstract: Recently, a Korean research group suggested a consensus protocol, based on the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative study protocol but with modifications for minimizing the confounding factors, for the evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers.
  
  
  
  Here, we analyzed fluid and imaging biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Korean population. We used the updated protocol to propose a more accurate CSF biomarker value for the diagnosis of AD.
  
  
  
  Twenty-seven patients with AD and 30 cognitively normal controls (NC) were enrolled. CSF was collected from 55 subjects (patients with AD = 26, NC = 29) following the Korea consensus protocol. CSF biomarkers were measured using the INNO-BIA AlzBio3 immunoassay, and Pittsburgh compound B (PIB) positron emission tomography (PET) scans were also performed.
  
  
  
  The cutoff values of CSF amyloid beta 1-42 (Aβ42), total tau (t-Tau), and phosphorylated tau (p-Tau) proteins were 357.1 pg/ml, 83.35 pg/ml, and 38.00 pg/ml, respectively. The cutoff values of CSF t-Tau/Aβ42 and p-Tau/Aβ42 ratio- were 0.210 (sensitivity 100%, specificity 86.21%) and 0.1350 (sensitivity 88.46%, specificity of 92.86%). The concordance rate with PIB-PET was higher using the CSF t-Tau/Aβ42 ratio (κ= 0.849, CI 0.71-0.99) than CSF Aβ42 alone (κ= 0.703, CI 0.51-0.89).
  
  
  
  Here, we improved controversial factors associated with the previous CSF study protocol and suggested a new cutoff value for the diagnosis of AD. Our results showed good diagnostic performance for differentiation of AD. Thus, we expect our findings could be a cornerstone in the establishment and clinical application of biomarkers for AD diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min Jeong
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: SangHak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jee-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: So Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon-si, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: In Kook
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.affiliation: Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Vo Van
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Giau
authors.affiliation: Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bagyinszky
authors.affiliation: People Bio, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kun Taek
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: People Bio, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seong Soo A
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Chul
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Youn
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: SangYun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000378:metabolism; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: C475519:2-(4'-(methylamino)phenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D015415:Biomarkers; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D013844:Thiazoles; C075222:amyloid beta-protein (1-42); D016875:tau Proteins
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Pittsburgh compound B; biomarker; cerebrospinal fluid; diagnosis; protocol