title: Transcriptome Analysis of Purple Pericarps in Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).
abstract: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars possessing purple grain arethought to be more nutritious because of high anthocyanin contents in the pericarp. Comparative transcriptome analysis of purple (cv Gy115) and white pericarps was carried out using next-generation sequencing technology. There were 23,642 unigenes significantly differentially expressed in the purple and white pericarps, including 9945 up-regulated and 13,697 down-regulated. The differentially expressed unigenes were mainly involved in encoding components of metabolic pathways, The flavonoid biosynthesis pathway was the most represented in metabolic pathways. In the transcriptome of purple pericarp in Gy115, most structural and regulatory genes biosynthesizing anthocyanin were identified, and had higher expression levels than in white pericarp. The largestunigene of anthocyanin biosynthesis in Gy115 was longer than the reference genes, which implies that high-throughput sequencing could isolate the genes of anthocyanin biosynthesis in tissues or organs with high anthocyanin content. Based on present and previous results, three unigenes of MYB gene on chromosome 7BL and three unigenes of MYC on chromosome 2AL were predicted as candidate genes for the purple grain trait. This article was the first to provide a systematic overview comparing the transcriptomes of purple and white pericarps in common wheat, which should be very valuable for identifying the key genes for the purple pericarp trait.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai, Xining, 810008, China.|Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining, 810008, China.
authors.forename: Di
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0531-6480
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai, Xining, 810008, China.|Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining, 810008, China.
authors.forename: Shiming
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai, Xining, 810008, China.|Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining, 810008, China.
authors.forename: Wenjie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai, Xining, 810008, China.|Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining, 810008, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai, Xining, 810008, China.|Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining, 810008, China.
authors.forename: Dengcai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai, Xining, 810008, China.|Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining, 810008, China.
authors.forename: Baolong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai, Xining, 810008, China.|Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining, 810008, China.
authors.forename: Huaigang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D056625:Endosperm / Q000235:genetics*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D063990:Gene Ontology; D017343:Genes, Plant; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D010858:Pigmentation / Q000235:genetics*; D012015:Reference Standards; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D005419:Flavonoids