title: Syzygium aromaticum water extract attenuates ethanol‑induced gastric injury through antioxidant effects in rats.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Syzygium aromaticum water extract (SAWE) has a protective effect against ethanol‑induced gastric injury in rats. Acute gastric injury was induced via intragastric administration of absolute ethanol at a dose of 5 ml/kg. SAWE (250 or 500 mg/kg/day) or cimetidine (100 mg/kg/day), which was used as a positive control, were administered to the rats 2 h prior to ethanol administration for 3 days. All rats were sacrificed 24 h following the final ethanol administration. To examine whether SAWE has a gastroprotective effect, assays were performed to assess the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH), the activities of catalase, glutathione‑S‑transferase and superoxide dismutase, and an immune-linked immunosorbent assay was performed for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in gastric tissues by hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid-Schiff staining. Histological assessment of the gastric wall was performed. Compared with ethanol treatment alone, treatment with SAWE at a dose of 250 mg/kg/day significantly decreased the gastric MDA content and increased the GSH content, catalase activity, and production of gastric PGE2. Histological assessment showed that SAWE attenuated inflammatory cell infiltration and the loss of epithelial cells. These findings suggested that SAWE protected against ethanol‑induced gastric mucosal injury in the rats. These effects appeared to be associated with antioxidant activity, activation of the production of PGE2, suppression of inflammatory cell infiltration and loss of epithelial cells in the gastric mucosa. Collectively, SAWE may be beneficial in the prevention of gastric disease associated to oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: K‑herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seong Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: K‑herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mee-Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: In-Sik
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: K‑herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Woo-Young
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: K‑herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyekyung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ha
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D000431:Ethanol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005756:Gastritis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D027842:Syzygium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000431:Ethanol; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; D015232:Dinoprostone