title: Usefulness of radiological findings for predicting cochlear implantation outcomes in children with cochlear nerve deficiency: a pilot study.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  Children with CND received limited benefits from CIs and their results varied. The size of the vestibulocochlear nerve relative to the facial nerve could potentially be used as a predicator for CI outcomes in children with CND.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to (1) retrospectively review the outcomes of cochlear implants (CIs) in children with cochlear nerve deficiency (CND) and (2) evaluate the clinical usefulness of radiological findings as predictors for post-implantation outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study participants included 10 children with bilateral CND and profound sensorineural hearing loss. The preoperative magnetic resonance imaging and temporal bone computed tomography scans were evaluated. Auditory processing capability and speech perception performance were measured with Categories of Auditory Performance (CAP) and Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR) scales. Aided hearing thresholds with CI were measured. The relationships between CI outcomes and the sizes of vestibulocochlear nerve and cochlear nerve canal (CNC) were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although post-operative CAP scores and hearing thresholds significantly improved in children with CND, their results were worse than those measured in implanted children with normal cochlear nerve. No significant correlation was found between the CI outcomes and the vestibulocochlear nerve diameters or the CNC diameters in children with CND. However, children with larger vestibulocochlear-nerve-to-facial-nerve-ratios got better results.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University; Eye & Ear Infirmary of Shandong Provincial Hospital Group , Shandong , PR China ;|b Artificial Auditory Engineering Centre , Shandong , PR China ;
authors.forename: Xiuhua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University; Eye & Ear Infirmary of Shandong Provincial Hospital Group , Shandong , PR China ;|b Artificial Auditory Engineering Centre , Shandong , PR China ;
authors.forename: Jianfen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University; Eye & Ear Infirmary of Shandong Provincial Hospital Group , Shandong , PR China ;|b Artificial Auditory Engineering Centre , Shandong , PR China ;|c Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology , Jinan , PR China ;
authors.forename: Zhaomin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: d Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Shandong , PR China.
authors.forename: Honglu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University; Eye & Ear Infirmary of Shandong Provincial Hospital Group , Shandong , PR China ;
authors.forename: Yuechen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University; Eye & Ear Infirmary of Shandong Provincial Hospital Group , Shandong , PR China ;|b Artificial Auditory Engineering Centre , Shandong , PR China ;
authors.forename: Ruijie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University; Eye & Ear Infirmary of Shandong Provincial Hospital Group , Shandong , PR China ;|b Artificial Auditory Engineering Centre , Shandong , PR China ;
authors.forename: Yujie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: d Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Shandong , PR China.
authors.forename: Guangbin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University; Eye & Ear Infirmary of Shandong Provincial Hospital Group , Shandong , PR China ;|b Artificial Auditory Engineering Centre , Shandong , PR China ;|c Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology , Jinan , PR China ;
authors.forename: Haibo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University; Eye & Ear Infirmary of Shandong Provincial Hospital Group , Shandong , PR China ;|b Artificial Auditory Engineering Centre , Shandong , PR China ;
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019929:Cochlear Implantation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000160:Vestibulocochlear Nerve Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Cochlear nerve deficiency; cochlear implantation; cochlear nerve canal; vestibulocochlear nerve