title: Striatal dopamine D2/3 receptor availability increases after long-term bariatric surgery-induced weight loss.
abstract: In several studies reduced striatal dopamine D2/3 receptor (D2/3R) availability was reported in obese subjects compared to lean controls. Whether this is a reversible phenomenon remained uncertain. We previously determined the short-term effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) on striatal D2/3R availability (using [(123)I]IBZM SPECT) in 20 morbidly obese women. Striatal D2/3R availability was lower compared to controls at baseline, and remained unaltered after 6 weeks, despite significant weight loss. To determine whether long-term bariatric surgery-induced weight loss normalizes striatal D2/3R binding, we repeated striatal D2/3R binding measurements at least 2 years after RYGB in 14 subjects of the original cohort. In addition, we assessed long-term changes in body composition, eating behavior and fasting plasma levels of leptin, ghrelin, insulin and glucose. Mean body mass index declined from 46±7kg/m(2) to 32±6kg/m(2), which was accompanied by a significant increase in striatal D2/3R availability (p=0.031). Striatal D2/3R availability remained significantly reduced compared to the age-matched controls (BMI 22±2kg/m(2); p=0.01). Changes in striatal D2/3R availability did not correlate with changes in body weight/fat, insulin sensitivity, ghrelin or leptin levels. Scores on eating behavior questionnaires improved and changes in the General Food Craving Questionnaire-State showed a borderline significant correlation with changes in striatal D2/3R availability. These findings show that striatal D2/3R availability increases after long-term bariatric-surgery induced weight loss, suggesting that reduced D2/3R availability in obesity is a reversible phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Esther M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: van der Zwaal
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: de Weijer
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Elsmarieke M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: van de Giessen
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ignace
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Frits J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Berends
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Arnold
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van de Laar
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Chemistry, laboratory of Endocrinology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mariette T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Ackermans
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fliers
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Susanne E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: la Fleur
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Booij
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: m.j.serlie@amc.uva.nl.
authors.forename: Mireille J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Serlie
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001549:Benzamides; D001786:Blood Glucose; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015390:Gastric Bypass; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery*; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D050637:Receptors, Dopamine D3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D001786:Blood Glucose; C581293:DRD2 protein, human; C493593:DRD3 protein, human; D054439:Ghrelin; D020738:Leptin; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D050637:Receptors, Dopamine D3; C055743:3-iodo-2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-N-((1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)benzamide
keywords: Dopamine D(2) receptors; Eating behavior; Insulin sensitivity; Obesity; Weight loss