title: Piperine treatment suppresses Helicobacter pylori toxin entry in to gastric epithelium and minimizes β-catenin mediated oncogenesis and IL-8 secretion in vitro.
abstract: Helicobacter pylori related gastric cancer initiation has been studied widely. The objective of our present study was to evaluate the effect of a single compound piperine on H. pylori infection and its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects in vitro. Cytotoxicity was tested by Ez-cytox cell viability assay kit. Effects of piperine on H. pylori toxin gene expression and IL-8 expression in mammalian cells during infection were assessed by RT-PCR. Effects of piperine on toxin entry into host cells, E-cadherin cleavage by H. pylori, and the changes in H. pylori mediated β-catenin expression and IL-8 secretion were determined by immunoblotting. Piperine treatment restrained the entry of CagA and VacA into AGS cells. Piperine administration in H. pylori infection reduced E-cadherin cleavage in stomach epithelium. In addition, H. pylori induced β-catenin up-regulation was reduced. Piperine administration impaired IL-8 secretion in H. pylori-infected gastric epithelial cells. As we reported previously piperine restrained H. pylori motility. The possible reason behind the H. pylori inhibition mechanism of piperine could be the dwindled motility, which weakened H. pylori adhesion to gastric epithelial cells. The reduced adhesion decreased the toxin entry thereby secreting less amount of IL-8. In addition, piperine treatment suppressed H. pylori protease led to reduction of E-cadherin cleavage and β-catenin expression resulting in diminished β-catenin translocation into the nucleus thus decreasing the risk of oncogenesis. To our knowledge, this is the preliminary report of piperine mediated H. pylori infection control on gastric epithelial cells in-vitro.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidence, Rhode Island, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei UniversityWonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Nagendran
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tharmalingam
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University Wonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University Wonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University Wonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University Wonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Woo
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University Wonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Yeong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University Wonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ki-Jong
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University Wonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Bae
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: E-cadherin; Helicobacter pylori; gastric cancer; interleukin-8; piperine; β-catenin