title: Role of Wasp and the small GTPases RhoA, RhoB, and Cdc42 during capacitation and acrosome reaction in spermatozoa of English guinea pigs.
abstract: Cytoskeleton remodeling is necessary for capacitation and the acrosome reaction in spermatozoa. F-actin is located in the acrosome and equatorial region during capacitation, but is relocated in the post-acrosomal region during the acrosome reaction in spermatozoa from bull, rat, mice, and guinea pig. Actin polymerization and relocalization are generally regulated by small GTPases that activate Wasp protein, which coordinates with Arp2/3, profilin I, and profilin II to complete cytoskeletal remodeling. This sequence of events is not completely described in spermatozoa, though. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if Wasp interacts with small GTPases (RhoA, RhoB, and Cdc42) and proteins (Arp2/3, profilin I, and profilin II) that co-localize with F-actin during capacitation and the acrosome reaction in English guinea pig spermatozoa obtained from the vas deferens. The spermatozoa were capacitated in calcium-free medium, incubated with an activator or an inhibitor of GTPases, and then induced to acrosome react using calcium. The distribution patterns of F-actin were compared to the patterns of Wasp and its putative interaction partners: Wasp and RhoB, but not RhoA or Cdc42, localization overlap with F-actin during capacitation and the acrosome reaction. Activation of small GTPases localized RhoB to the post-acrosomal region whereas their inhibition prevented acrosome exocytosis. Arp2/3 and profilin II appear to interact with Wasp in the post-acrosomal region and flagellum, while profilin I and Wasp could be found in the equatorial region. Thus, Wasp and F-actin distribution overlap during capacitation and acrosome reaction, and small GTPases play an important role in cytoskeleton remodeling during these processes in spermatozoa. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 83: 927-937, 2016 © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Biomedicina UBIMED, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, CP 54090.|Sección de Bioquímica y Farmacología Humana, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán, Estado de México, CP 54743.
authors.forename: Norma L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Delgado-Buenrostro
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México DF, México, CP 07360.
authors.forename: Adela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mújica
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF, México, CP 04510.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chiquete-Felix
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Biomedicina UBIMED, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, CP 54090.|Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 07360.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Déciga-Alcaraz
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Biomedicina UBIMED, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, CP 54090.|Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 07360.
authors.forename: Estefany I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Medina-Reyes
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF, México, CP 04510.
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uribe-Carvajal
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Biomedicina UBIMED, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, CP 54090. irasemachirino@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yolanda I
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Chirino
mesh_terms: D020101:Acrosome Reaction / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008297:Male; D013075:Sperm Capacitation / Q000502:physiology*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051316:Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020764:cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020743:rhoB GTP-Binding Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051316:Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein; D020764:cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein; D020743:rhoB GTP-Binding Protein