title: Neonatal mortality in dogs: Prognostic value of Doppler ductus venosus waveform evaluation - Preliminary results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To define the prognostic value of Doppler ultrasonographic morphology of ductus venosus (DV) waveform on canine neonatal mortality.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four healthy pregnant bitches underwent fetal ultrasonographic assessment. The DV waveforms were classified as diphasic (dDVw) or triphasic (tDVw) and compared with neonatal mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-three fetuses were evaluated. Twenty fetuses belonged to litters with neonatal mortality, in which tDVw was observed. Seven fetuses belonged to litters without neonatal mortality, in which tDVw was observed. Fifty-eight fetuses belonged to litters without neonatal mortality, in which only dDVw was observed. Eight fetuses belonged to litters with neonatal mortality, in which only dDVw was observed. The correlation between tDVw and neonatal mortality was statistically significant (odds ratio [OR], 20.7; p<0.0001). Considering only pregnancies with one or two fetuses with the same DV waveform: Two fetuses with tDVw belonged to litters with neonatal mortality; 1 foetus with tDVw belonged to litter without neonatal mortality and 26 fetuses showed dDVw without neonatal mortality. The correlation between tDVw and neonatal mortality even in litters up to two pups was statistically significant (OR, 88.3; p=0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Echo-Doppler assessment of DV is feasible in canine fetuses, and the presence tDVw seems to be related to neonatal mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Milan, Via Celoria 10; 20133; Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barella
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Milan, Via Celoria 10; 20133; Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Faverzani
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Milan, Via Celoria 10; 20133; Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Faustini
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Milan, Via Celoria 10; 20133; Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Debora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Groppetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Milan, Via Celoria 10; 20133; Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pecile
keywords: Doppler; dog; ductus venosus; neonatal mortality; ultrasound