title: Protein Kinase C Enzymes in the Hematopoietic and Immune Systems.
abstract: The protein kinase C (PKC) family, discovered in the late 1970s, is composed of at least 10 serine/threonine kinases, divided into three groups based on their molecular architecture and cofactor requirements. PKC enzymes have been conserved throughout evolution and are expressed in virtually all cell types; they represent critical signal transducers regulating cell activation, differentiation, proliferation, death, and effector functions. PKC family members play important roles in a diverse array of hematopoietic and immune responses. This review covers the discovery and history of this enzyme family, discusses the roles of PKC enzymes in the development and effector functions of major hematopoietic and immune cell types, and points out gaps in our knowledge, which should ignite interest and further exploration, ultimately leading to better understanding of this enzyme family and, above all, its role in the many facets of the immune system.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037; email: amnon@lji.org , kfkong@lji.org.
authors.forename: Amnon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Altman
authors.affiliation: Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037; email: amnon@lji.org , kfkong@lji.org.
authors.forename: Kok-Fai
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Kong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003067:Coenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000276:immunology; D006410:Hematopoiesis; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D003067:Coenzymes; D011493:Protein Kinase C
keywords: PKC; enzyme regulation; hematopoiesis; immune system; signal transduction