title: 3D Magnetic Induction Maps of Nanoscale Materials Revealed by Electron Holographic Tomography.
abstract: The investigation of three-dimensional (3D) ferromagnetic nanoscale materials constitutes one of the key research areas of the current magnetism roadmap and carries great potential to impact areas such as data storage, sensing, and biomagnetism. The properties of such nanostructures are closely connected with their 3D magnetic nanostructure, making their determination highly valuable. Up to now, quantitative 3D maps providing both the internal magnetic and electric configuration of the same specimen with high spatial resolution are missing. Here, we demonstrate the quantitative 3D reconstruction of the dominant axial component of the magnetic induction and electrostatic potential within a cobalt nanowire (NW) of 100 nm in diameter with spatial resolution below 10 nm by applying electron holographic tomography. The tomogram was obtained using a dedicated TEM sample holder for acquisition, in combination with advanced alignment and tomographic reconstruction routines. The powerful approach presented here is widely applicable to a broad range of 3D magnetic nanostructures and may trigger the progress of novel spintronic nonplanar nanodevices.
authors.affiliation: Triebenberg Laboratory, Institute of Structural Physics, Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden, Saxony, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Microscopías Avanzadas (LMA), Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Transpyrenean Associated Laboratory for Electron Microscopy (TALEM), CEMES INA CNRS-Universidad de Zaragoza, 31400 Toulouse, France; CEMES-CNRS 29, rue Jeanne Marvig, B.P. 94347 F-31055, Toulouse Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: EMAT, University of Antwerp , Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Armand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Béché
authors.affiliation: EMAT, University of Antwerp , Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Elsa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Javon
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Microscopías Avanzadas (LMA), Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Transpyrenean Associated Laboratory for Electron Microscopy (TALEM), CEMES INA CNRS-Universidad de Zaragoza, 31400 Toulouse, France; CEMES-CNRS 29, rue Jeanne Marvig, B.P. 94347 F-31055, Toulouse Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Serrano
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Microscopías Avanzadas (LMA), Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Transpyrenean Associated Laboratory for Electron Microscopy (TALEM), CEMES INA CNRS-Universidad de Zaragoza, 31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Cesar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Magen
authors.affiliation: Transpyrenean Associated Laboratory for Electron Microscopy (TALEM), CEMES INA CNRS-Universidad de Zaragoza, 31400 Toulouse, France; CEMES-CNRS 29, rue Jeanne Marvig, B.P. 94347 F-31055, Toulouse Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gatel
authors.affiliation: Triebenberg Laboratory, Institute of Structural Physics, Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden, Saxony, Germany.
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lubk
authors.affiliation: Triebenberg Laboratory, Institute of Structural Physics, Technische Universität Dresden , 01062 Dresden, Saxony, Germany.
authors.forename: Hannes
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lichte
authors.affiliation: EMAT, University of Antwerp , Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bals
authors.affiliation: EMAT, University of Antwerp , Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Gustaaf
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Van Tendeloo
authors.affiliation: Thin Film Magnetism Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge , JJ Thomson Avenue, CB3 0HE, Cambridge U.K.
authors.forename: Amalio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernández-Pacheco
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Microscopías Avanzadas (LMA), Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón (INA), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Transpyrenean Associated Laboratory for Electron Microscopy (TALEM), CEMES INA CNRS-Universidad de Zaragoza, 31400 Toulouse, France; Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: De Teresa
authors.affiliation: Transpyrenean Associated Laboratory for Electron Microscopy (TALEM), CEMES INA CNRS-Universidad de Zaragoza, 31400 Toulouse, France; CEMES-CNRS 29, rue Jeanne Marvig, B.P. 94347 F-31055, Toulouse Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Snoeck