title: High osmotic pressure increases reactive oxygen species generation in rabbit corneal epithelial cells by endoplasmic reticulum.
abstract: Tear high osmotic pressure (HOP) has been recognized as the core mechanism underlying ocular surface inflammation, injury and symptoms and is closely associated with many ocular surface diseases, especially dry eye. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a multi-functional organelle responsible for protein synthesis, folding and transport, biological synthesis of lipids, vesicle transport and intracellular calcium storage. Accumulation of unfolded proteins and imbalance of calcium ion in the ER would induce ER stress and protective unfolded protein response (UPR). Many studies have demonstrated that ER stress can induce cell apoptosis. However, the association between tear HOP and ER stress has not been studied systematically. In the present study, rabbit corneal epithelial cells were treated with HOP and results showed that the production of reactive oxygen species increased markedly, which further activated the ER signaling pathway and ultimately induced cell apoptosis. These findings shed new lights on the pathogenesis and clinical treatment of dry eye and other ocular surface diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University Shanghai 200000, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University Shanghai 200000, China.
authors.forename: Minjie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University Shanghai 200000, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University Shanghai 200072, China.
authors.forename: Yaping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University Shanghai 200000, China.
authors.forename: Yihui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
keywords: High osmotic pressure; apoptosis; endoplasmic reticulum; endoplasmic reticulum stress; reactive oxygen species