title: Development of Organogel-Derived Capsaicin Nanoemulsion with Improved Bioaccessibility and Reduced Gastric Mucosa Irritation.
abstract: Capsaicin (CAP) is the major active component in chili peppers with health-promoting benefits. However, the low bioavailability and irritating quality of CAP greatly limit its applications in functional foods. The objective of this study was to develop a food-grade nanoemulsion to increase the dissolution and bioaccessibility of CAP and to alleviate its irritating effects. To achieve this goal, CAP was first dissolved in medium-chain triacylglycerol (MCT), followed by the addition of sucrose stearate S-370 as organogelator to develop CAP-loaded organogel. The oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion was formed using organogel as the oil phase and Tween 80 as the emulsifier. After ultrasonication treatment, droplet sizes of emulsion were decreased to 168 nm with enhanced dissolution rate and bioaccessibility. In vivo study further confirmed the reduced rat gastric mucosa irritation caused by CAP. The organogel-derived nanoemulsion was proved to be an effective delivery system for CAP-based functional food products.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Rutgers University , 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States.
authors.forename: Muwen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Rutgers University , 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States.
authors.forename: Chi-Tang
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Rutgers University , 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States.
authors.forename: Qingrong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D045703:Emulsifying Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D004655:Emulsions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D005782:Gels / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D011136:Polysorbates / Q000737:chemistry; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D045703:Emulsifying Agents; D004655:Emulsions; D005782:Gels; D011136:Polysorbates; D002211:Capsaicin
keywords: bioaccessibility; capsaicin; dissolution; gastric mucosa irritation; organogel-derived nanoemulsion