title: Bitter experiences of elderly parents of children with intellectual disabilities: A phenomenological study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is predicted that over the next 30 years, there will be a significant increase in the number of elderly parents who care for their children with intellectual disability. This paper is part of a larger qualitative study which investigated the unpleasant experiences of these parents.
  
  
  METHODS
  A phenomenological approach was adopted and data were collected through unstructured in-depth interviews with elderly parents of children with intellectual disability. The data were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  "Bitterness" is one of the four emergent themes extracted in this study which has five theme clusters: inappropriate behavior toward the child in the society, the society's failure to support the child with intellectual disability, sorrows experienced by parents, the child's problems, and barriers in the care of the child with intellectual disability. One significant barrier in the last theme cluster is limitations due to aging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of this study suggest that the elderly parents of children with intellectual disability experience many sorrows and unpleasant feelings, but they mostly consider the social factors as the cause of problems and not the presence of the child. The results also indicate that older parents cannot look after the child as before in their old age; so, future well-designed studies are required for identification of the process of supporting them.
authors.affiliation: Iranian Research Center on Aging, Department of Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Arya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hamedanchi
authors.affiliation: Health in Emergency and Disaster Department and Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran Iran; Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
authors.forename: Hamid Reza
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Khankeh
authors.affiliation: Iranian Research Center on Aging, Department of Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fadayevatan
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Robab
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Teymouri
authors.affiliation: Iranian Research Center on Aging, Department of Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Robab
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sahaf
keywords: Child; Iran; children with intellectual disabilities; elderly parents; intellectual disability; parents; phenomenology; qualitative research