title: Equation of State of the Two-Dimensional Hubbard Model.
abstract: The subtle interplay between kinetic energy, interactions, and dimensionality challenges our comprehension of strongly correlated physics observed, for example, in the solid state. In this quest, the Hubbard model has emerged as a conceptually simple, yet rich model describing such physics. Here we present an experimental determination of the equation of state of the repulsive two-dimensional Hubbard model over a broad range of interactions 0≲U/t≲20 and temperatures, down to k_{B}T/t=0.63(2) using high-resolution imaging of ultracold fermionic atoms in optical lattices. We show density profiles, compressibilities, and double occupancies over the whole doping range, and, hence, our results constitute benchmarks for state-of-the-art theoretical approaches.
authors.affiliation: Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany.|Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cocchi
authors.affiliation: Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany.|Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Luke A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Jan H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Drewes
authors.affiliation: Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koschorreck
authors.affiliation: Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pertot
authors.affiliation: Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Ferdinand
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brennecke
authors.affiliation: Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstrasse 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Köhl