title: Exercise responses are related to structural lung damage in CF pulmonary disease.
abstract: Early detection of lung disease is a primary objective in monitoring patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF); High-Resolution-Computed-Tomography (HRCT) assesses structural damage. Spirometry and cardiopulmonary exercise testing are used for functional evaluation of CF lung disease.
  
  
  
  To evaluate the deterioration of exercise testing parameters over a 2-year period compared to the change of spirometry and HRCT parameters among CF patients.
  
  
  
  Twenty-eight CF patients were evaluated with HRCT, spirometry, and exercise testing; 15 had two assessments with an interval of 2 years. Correlation analyses between Bhalla score parameters and functional measures were performed.
  
  
  
  Twenty-eight patients with CF (mean age 14.9 years, mean forced expiratory volume in 1 sec [FEV1 ] 83.2%) were evaluated. FEV1 was not found to change significantly in the 2-year period (P = 0.612). Both mean Bhalla score and mean peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak %) deteriorated significantly (P = 0.014 and P = 0.026, respectively). VO2 peak and respiratory equivalents for O2 and CO2 at peak exercise were found to be significant predictors of Bhalla score (r = -0.477, P = 0.010; r = 0.461, P = 0.018; r = 0.402; P = 0.042, respectively). Anaerobic threshold was associated with changes in Bhalla score over the following 2 years.
  
  
  
  Exercise testing is more sensitive than spirometry to detect structural changes in CF lungs. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016; 51:914-920. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: 3rd Pediatric Department, Paediatric Respiratory and CF Unit-Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Elpis
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hatziagorou
authors.affiliation: 3rd Pediatric Department, Paediatric Respiratory and CF Unit-Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Asterios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kampouras
authors.affiliation: 3rd Pediatric Department, Paediatric Respiratory and CF Unit-Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Vasiliki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Avramidou
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Vasiliki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Georgopoulou
authors.affiliation: 3rd Pediatric Department, Paediatric Respiratory and CF Unit-Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Fotis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kirvasilis
authors.affiliation: 3rd Pediatric Department, Paediatric Respiratory and CF Unit-Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Kalliopi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kontouli
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Department, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Helge
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hebestreit
authors.affiliation: 3rd Pediatric Department, Paediatric Respiratory and CF Unit-Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tsanakas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013147:Spirometry; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: HRCT; cardiopulmonary exercise testing; children; cystic fibrosis; spirometry