title: Size and Location of the Superior Transverse Ligament and Muscle-Aponeurosis Junction of the Levator Palpebrae Superioris.
abstract: The aim of this study is to elucidate the size and location of the superior transverse ligament and the muscle-aponeurosis junction (MAJ) of the levator palpebrae superioris.Forty-six eyelids from Korean adult cadavers (32 males, 14 females) were used. Through a cranial approach, orbital plates and orbital fat were removed. Then, the levator palpebrae superioris and superior transverse ligaments (STL) were exposed. The widths and locations of the STL were measured in relation to the supraorbital rim. The width and location of the MAJ was measured in reference to the medial and lateral canthi, orbital rims, and tarsal plate.The widths of the bony orbit and palpebral fissure were 42.4 ± 3.5 and 33.3 ± 4.4 mm, respectively. The width of the STL was 9.0 ± 2.5 mm. In 3 of 4 of the specimens, the anterior border of the STL was located posterior to the supraorbital rim (3.5 ± 1.3 mm). In about one-quarter of the specimens, it was located anterior at the supraorbital rim (2.3 ± 1.1 mm). The average width of MAJ was 20.9 ± 2.6 mm. The distance from the medial orbital rim to the medial end of the MAJ was 15.2 ± 3.2 mm. The distance from the lateral orbital rim to the lateral end of the MAJ was 6.9 ± 3.9 mm. The medial end of the MAJ was located 7.3 ± 3.0 mm medial to the medial canthus. In most of the cases, the lateral end of the MAJ was located medial to the lateral canthus (6.3 ± 4, 5 mm medial). The MAJ was located 8.7 ± 1.8 mm superior to the highest point of the tarsal plate.This anatomical knowledge could be help in blepharoptosis surgeries.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Plastic Surgery, Inha University Hospital †Department of Plastic Surgery, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Yeon Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000070606:Aponeurosis / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D001763:Blepharoptosis; D002102:Cadaver; D005143:Eyelids / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008022:Ligaments / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008297:Male; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D009915:Orbit / Q000033:anatomy & histology*