title: The importance of minipigs in dermal safety assessment: an overview.
abstract: The use of miniature swine as a non-rodent species in safety assessment has continued to expand for over a decade and their use has become routine, particularly in pharmacology as a model for human integumentary diseases. Translational preclinical swine study data are now favorably compared and contrasted to human data, and miniature swine models provide important information in dermal safety assessment and skin pharmacology. For example, the miniature swine model has been well-accepted for cutaneous absorption and toxicity studies due to swine integument being morphologically and functionally similar to human skin. Subsequently, this model is important to dermal drug development programs, and it is the animal model of choice for assessment of dermal absorption, local tolerance and systemic toxicity following dermal exposures. In conclusion, the miniature swine model has an important role to play in the safety assessment of pharmaceutical products and in multiple aspects of human dermal drug development.
authors.affiliation: a Sinclair Research Center , Columbia , MO , USA and.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stricker-Krongrad
authors.affiliation: a Sinclair Research Center , Columbia , MO , USA and.
authors.forename: Catherine R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Shoemake
authors.affiliation: a Sinclair Research Center , Columbia , MO , USA and.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: b Sinclair BioResources , Columbia , MO , USA.
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brocksmith
authors.affiliation: a Sinclair Research Center , Columbia , MO , USA and.
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bouchard
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D015195:Drug Design; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D023421:Models, Animal; D012449:Safety; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D012869:Skin Absorption; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003879:Dermatologic Agents
keywords: Dermal drug safety; dermal pharmacology; dermal toxicology