title: Increased Level of Thrombotic Biomarkers in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Despite Traditional and New Anticoagulant Therapy.
abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the traditional oral anticoagulant, warfarin (W), and new anticoagulants, apixaban (A) and rivaroxaban (R), on the level of thrombotic biomarkers in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Circulating plasma levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF), prothrombin fragment 1.2 (F1.2), microparticle tissue factor (MP-TF), and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) were analyzed as potential markers of clot formation in 30 patients with AF prior to ablation surgery. Patients with AF were divided into 2 groups based on their usage (n = 21) and nonusage (n = 9) of any oral anticoagulant. Furthermore, those on anticoagulants were divided based on their use of newer (R and A, 16) or traditional (W, 4) anticoagulants. A statistical increase (P < .05) in the levels of vWF, MP-TF, and PAI-1 were seen in anticoagulated patients with AF, whereas F1.2 and PAI-1 were increased in nonanticoagulated patients with AF compared to normal. There was no statistical difference (P > .05) in levels of any thrombotic biomarker between patients treated with the traditional anticoagulant, W, and those treated with new anticoagulants, R and A. Our data suggest that, despite the use of traditional or newer anticoagulants, prothrombotic biomarkers are still generated at increased levels in patients with AF. Further studies to confirm these findings are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA jliles1@luc.edu.
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liles
authors.affiliation: Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Jordan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liles
authors.affiliation: Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wanderling
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Mushabbar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Syed
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hoppensteadt
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Jawed
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fareed
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D055815:Young Adult; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D015415:Biomarkers; D014841:von Willebrand Factor
keywords: anticoagulants; thrombosis; von Willebrand factor