title: Subciliary Approach for Inferior Orbital Rim Fractures; Case Series and Literature Review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the outcome of subciliary approach for inferior orbital rim fractures in a series of Iranian patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was prospective cross-sectional, being performed  during  a 12-month  period during  2013 in plastic surgery department  of Emamreza Hospital of Mashhad. We included 12 patients with traumatic inferior orbital rim fractures who underwent surgical repair through subciliary approach. All the patients were followed for 12 months and were evaluated regarding paresthesia and function as well as presence of a visible scar and lower-eyelid malposition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 9 (75.0%) men and 3 (25.0%) women among the patients with mean age of 26.3±10.6 (range 16-48) years. Of the 12 patients treated with the subciliary approach, 4 (33.3%) experienced complications. One (8.3%) patient showed 1.5 mm sclera at the end of one year follow-up. No ectropion or entropion was reported in our series. In contrast to 3 (25.0%) cases of lower lid visible scar, there was no occurrence of hypertrophic scar.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It would be expected that the transorbital approach as it offers good visualization of anterior fractures would result in good outcomes in cases of orbital rim and f loor fracture.
authors.affiliation: Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Department of Plastic Surgery, Emamreza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran  
authors.forename: Seyed Mohammad
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Motamed Al Shariati
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Zahedan University of Medical Scinces, Zahedan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dahmardehei
authors.affiliation: Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Emamreza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ravari
keywords: Complications; Ectropion; Entropion; Inferior orbital rim fracture; Scleral scar; Subciliary incision