title: Diagnosis of pupillary block glaucoma after removal of congenital cataracts with intraoperative ultrasound biomicroscopy: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aphakic glaucoma is a common complication after congenital cataract extraction, especially in those who have surgery during infancy. This case report describes a case of bilateral pupillary block glaucoma diagnosed with intraoperative ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) after removal of congenital cataract.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present a case report of a 9-month-old infant with bilateral corneal enlargement and ocular hypertension after uneventful removal of congenital cataracts. Initial and follow-up examination findings were reviewed. The infant was suspected to have developmental glaucoma and schemed to have bilateral trabeculotomy until pupillary obstruction by vitreous herniation and angle closure with iris bombé were detected by intraoperative UBM. Anterior vitrectomy and goniosynechialysis were then performed as treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pupillary block glaucoma is a rare type of infantile aphakic glaucoma. Application of intraoperative UBM can assist in the differential diagnosis of aphakic glaucoma in infants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.|Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.|Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
authors.forename: Xiang-Jia
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.|Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.|Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
authors.forename: Ke-Ke
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.|Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.|Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Wen
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.|Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.|Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
authors.forename: Xing-Huai
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.|Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.|Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
authors.forename: Fan-Rong
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China. luyieent@126.com.|Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China. luyieent@126.com.|Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China. luyieent@126.com.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D002386:Cataract / Q000151:congenital; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D015812:Glaucoma, Angle-Closure / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D033401:Microscopy, Acoustic / Q000379:methods; D011681:Pupil Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
keywords: Aphakic glaucoma; Congenital cataract; Pupillary block glaucoma; Ultrasound biomicroscopy; Vitreous herniation