title: Cutaneous manifestations in leukemia patients.
abstract: Cutaneous complications are common in patients with leukemia. However, the cause is not always immediately clear, as there are often numerous potential etiologies. Thrombocytopenia or coagulopathy can result in ecchymoses or petechiae, whereas extramedullary (EM) involvement by leukemia can present as a rash. Leukemia can also result in skin manifestations via indirect means, including several types of paraneoplastic phenomena. Moreover, various agents routinely used to treat leukemia-most notably cytarabine (cytosine arabinoside)-can precipitate quite profound skin eruptions. Finally, infections, including fungal invasion of the skin, can be responsible for rashes, as can the vast array of antimicrobials that are administered to leukemia patients.
authors.affiliation: Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC.
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Grunwald
authors.affiliation: Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC.
authors.forename: Megan H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: McDonnell
authors.affiliation: Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC.
authors.forename: Raghava
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Induru
authors.affiliation: Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC. Electronic address: jonathan.gerber@carolinashealthcare.org.
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gerber
mesh_terms: D000227:Adenine Nucleotides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001087:Arabinonucleosides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077866:Clofarabine; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003881:Dermatomycoses / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D005047:Etoposide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D008415:Mastocytosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010257:Paraneoplastic Syndromes / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017192:Skin Diseases, Bacterial / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary; D000077157:Sorafenib
chemical_list: D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001087:Arabinonucleosides; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D003561:Cytarabine; D009536:Niacinamide; D005047:Etoposide; D000077866:Clofarabine; D000077157:Sorafenib
keywords: Extramedullary leukemia; Granulocytic sarcoma; Leukemia; Leukemia cutis; Paraneploastic phenomena