title: Current strategies in interventional oncology of colorectal liver metastases.
abstract: The adequate treatment of non-resectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer which are resistant to systemic chemotherapy currently provides a great challenge. The aim is to identify and review key strategies in the treatment of colorectal liver metastases. A search for current literature on the topic of interventional strategies for colorectal metastases was performed in Medline in order to achieve this goal. Studies before 2005 and with <20 patients treated for colorectal metastases were excluded. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), transarterial embolization and selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) were identified as examples of regional strategies for colorectal liver metastases, utilizing the unique blood supply of the liver. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA) and cryoablation were selected as examples for currently available ablative techniques. Median survival in the key studies reviewed ranged from 7.7 to 28.6 for TACE, 8.3-12.6 for SIRT, 8.2-53.2 for RFA and 29-43 months for MWA. After review of the literature, it can be concluded that interventional oncologic therapies are a safe and effective method for treating colorectal liver metastases. The use of new chemotherapeutic agents for local therapy and new ablation technologies and techniques may increase patient survival and allows a neoadjuvant therapy setting. In addition, a combination of local therapies may be used to increase effectiveness in the future, which is subject to further research.
authors.affiliation: 1 Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Tatjana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gruber-Rouh
authors.affiliation: 1 Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marko
authors.affiliation: 1 Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thalhammer
authors.affiliation: 1 Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.|2 Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine (Kasr Al-Ainy), Cairo University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Nour-Eldin
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Nour-Eldin
authors.affiliation: 1 Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Langenbach
authors.affiliation: 1 Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beeres
authors.affiliation: 1 Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.|3 Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Nagy N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Naguib
authors.affiliation: 1 Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zangos
authors.affiliation: 1 Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Vogl