title: Chlorogenic acid induces apoptosis to inhibit inflammatory proliferation of IL-6-induced fibroblast-like synoviocytes through modulating the activation of JAK/STAT and NF-κB signaling pathways.
abstract: Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is the primary constituent of CaulisLonicerae, a Chinese herb used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The present study aimed to investigate whether CGA was able to inhibit the proliferation of the fibroblast-like synoviocyte cell line (RSC-364), stimulated by interleukin (IL)-6, through inducing apoptosis. Following incubation with IL-6 or IL-6 and CGA, the cellular proliferation of RSC-364 cells was detected by MTT assay. The ratio of apoptosed cells were detected by flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was performed to observe protein expression levels of key molecules involved in the Janus-activated kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway [phosphorylated (p)-STAT3, JAK1 and gp130] and the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway [phosphorylated (p)-inhibitor of κB kinase subunit α/β and NF-κB p50). It was revealed that CGA was able to inhibit the inflammatory proliferation of RSC-364 cells mediated by IL-6 through inducing apoptosis. CGA was also able to suppress the expression levels of key molecules in the JAK/STAT and NF-κB signaling pathways, and inhibit the activation of these signaling pathways in the inflammatory response through IL-6-mediated signaling, thereby resulting in the inhibition of the inflammatory proliferation of synoviocytes. The present results indicated that CGA may have potential as a novel therapeutic agent for inhibiting inflammatory hyperplasia of the synovium through inducing synoviocyte apoptosis in patients with RA.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lixia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.affiliation: Department of Renal Endocrinology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jingwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Putuo District Center Hospital, Shanghai 200000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yujun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Y I
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jiuli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jiagang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lingqun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Aiming
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yingxi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Limin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chai
keywords: Janus-activated kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; apoptosis; chlorogenic acid; fibroblast-like synoviocytes; interleukin-6; nuclear factor-κB