title: Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 Inhibits Osteoarthritis Progression in the Knee Joints of Adult Mice.
abstract: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling is involved in articular cartilage homeostasis. This study was undertaken to investigate the role and mechanisms of FGF receptor 3 (FGFR-3) in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) caused by surgery and aging in mice.
  
  
  
  FGFR-3 was conditionally deleted or activated in articular chondrocytes in adult mice subjected to surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). A mouse model of human achondroplasia was also used to assess the role of FGFR-3 in age-associated spontaneous OA. Knee joint cartilage was histologically evaluated and scored using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International system. The expression of genes associated with articular cartilage maintenance was quantitatively evaluated in hip cartilage explants. The effect of inhibiting Indian hedgehog (IHH) signaling in Fgfr3-deficient explants was analyzed.
  
  
  
  Conditional Fgfr3 deletion in mice aggravated DMM-induced cartilage degeneration. Matrix metalloproteinase 13 and type X collagen levels were up-regulated, while type II collagen levels were down-regulated, in the articular cartilage of these mice. Conversely, FGFR-3 activation attenuated cartilage degeneration induced by DMM surgery and age. IHH signaling and runt-related transcription factor 2 levels in mouse articular chondrocytes were up-regulated in the absence of Fgfr3, while inhibition of IHH signaling suppressed the increases in the expression of Runx2, Mmp13, and other factors in Fgfr3-deficient mouse cartilage explants.
  
  
  
  Our findings indicate that FGFR-3 delays OA progression in mouse knee joints at least in part via down-regulation of IHH signaling in articular chondrocytes.
authors.affiliation: Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Junzhou
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Siru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Yangli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Junlan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Zuqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Hangang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China. linchen70@163.com.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000130:Achondroplasia / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D000813:Anilides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology*; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D024121:Collagen Type X / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008592:Menisci, Tibial / Q000601:surgery; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051498:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3 / Q000235:genetics*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000813:Anilides; C570620:Col10a1 protein, mouse; C447413:Col2a1 protein, mouse; D024043:Collagen Type II; D024121:Collagen Type X; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; C538724:HhAntag691; D011725:Pyridines; C493716:Runx2 protein, mouse; C514061:ihh protein, mouse; C496366:Fgfr3 protein, mouse; D051498:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13; C507081:Mmp13 protein, mouse