title: Applications of plant terpenoids in the synthesis of colloidal silver nanoparticles.
abstract: Green chemistry is the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the generation of hazardous substances. Since the last few years, natural products especially plant secondary metabolites have been extensively explored for their potency to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The plant-based AgNPs are safer, energy efficient, eco-friendly, and less toxic than chemically synthesized counterparts. The secondary metabolites, ubiquitously found in plants especially the terpenoid-rich essential oils, have a significant role in AgNPs synthesis. Terpenoids belong to the largest family of natural products and are found in all kinds of organisms. Their involvement in the synthesis of plant-based AgNPs has got much attention in the recent years. The current article is not meant to provide an exhaustive overview of green synthesis of nanoparticles, but to present the pertinent role of plant terpenoids in the biosynthesis of AgNPs, as capping and reducing agents for development of uniform size and shape AgNPs. An emphasis on the important role of FTIR in the identification and elucidation of major functional groups in terpenoids for AgNPs synthesis has also been reviewed in this manuscript. It was found that no such article is available that has discussed the role of plant terpenoids in the green synthesis of AgNPs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Zia-Ur-Rehman
authors.initials: ZU
authors.lastname: Mashwani
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Program, Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Abbottabad, Pakistan. Electronic address: makhan@ciit.net.pk.
authors.forename: Mubarak Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Tariq
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (CIRBS), International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Electronic address: shamsnazman@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Akhtar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nadhman
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001688:Biological Products / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005780:Gelatin / Q000737:chemistry; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D011205:Povidone / Q000737:chemistry; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry; D013729:Terpenes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001688:Biological Products; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013729:Terpenes; C586932:colloidal silver; D012834:Silver; D005780:Gelatin; D013213:Starch; D011205:Povidone
keywords: AgNPs; Essential oils; FTIR; Green synthesis; Plant terpenoids; Silver nanoparticles