title: Evolution of steroids during pregnancy: Maternal, placental and fetal synthesis.
abstract: Progesterone, estrogens, androgens and glucocorticoids are involved in pregnancy from implantation to parturition. Their biosynthesis and their metabolism result from complex pathways involving the fetus, the placenta and the mother. The absence of expression of some steroïdogenic enzymes as CYP17 in placenta and in adrenal fetal zone and the better determination of the onset and variation of others especially HSD3B2 during the pregnancy explain the production of the steroid hormones. Moreover the consequences of some disorders of steroidogenesis (especially aromatase, POR, CYP11A1 and 21-hydroxylase deficiencies) in fetus and mother during the pregnancy have permit to elucidate these complex pathways. This better knowledge of steroid hormones production associated with their dosages in maternal plasma/urine or amniotic fluid using new specific assays as LC-MS MS could facilitate the follow-up of normal and pathological pregnancies. Moreover, these advances should be a basis to evaluate the impact of multiple pathologies of the pregnancy and pharmacologic and xenobiotic consequences on their metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Service d'hormonologie, endocrinologie moléculaire et maladies rares, CPBE, groupement hospitalier Lyon-Est, 69677 Lyon-Bron, France. Electronic address: yves.morel@chu-lyon.fr.
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morel
authors.affiliation: Service d'hormonologie, endocrinologie moléculaire et maladies rares, CPBE, groupement hospitalier Lyon-Est, 69677 Lyon-Bron, France.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Roucher
authors.affiliation: Service d'hormonologie, endocrinologie moléculaire et maladies rares, CPBE, groupement hospitalier Lyon-Est, 69677 Lyon-Bron, France.
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Plotton
authors.affiliation: Service d'hormonologie, endocrinologie moléculaire et maladies rares, CPBE, groupement hospitalier Lyon-Est, 69677 Lyon-Bron, France.
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Goursaud
authors.affiliation: Service d'hormonologie, endocrinologie moléculaire et maladies rares, CPBE, groupement hospitalier Lyon-Est, 69677 Lyon-Bron, France.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tardy
authors.affiliation: Service d'hormonologie, endocrinologie moléculaire et maladies rares, CPBE, groupement hospitalier Lyon-Est, 69677 Lyon-Bron, France.
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mallet
mesh_terms: D000728:Androgens / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004967:Estrogens / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange / Q000502:physiology; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D004967:Estrogens; D005938:Glucocorticoids
keywords: Androgens/metabolism; Androgèness/métabolisme; Aromatase/deficiency; Aromatase/déficit; CYP11A1/deficiency; CYP11A1/déficit; Estriol/metabolism; Estrogens/metabolism; Fetus/*enzymology/metabolism; Foetus/*enzymologie/ métabolisme; Glucocorticoids/metabolism; Glucocorticoïdes/ métabolisme; Gonadal steroid; Grossesse; Homme; Hormones stéroïdes gonadiques/biosynthèse/*métabolisme; Hormones/biosynthesis/*metabolism; Humans; Oestriol/ métabolisme; Oestrogènes/ métabolisme; Placenta/*enzymologie/ métabolisme; Placenta/*enzymology/metabolism; Pregnancy; Progesterone/metabolism; Progestérone/ métabolisme