title: Relationship between APOE Genotype and Structural MRI Measures throughout Adulthood in the Study of Health in Pomerania Population-Based Cohort.
abstract: The presence of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele is the strongest sporadic Alzheimer disease genetic risk factor. We hypothesized that apolipoprotein E ε4 carriers and noncarriers may already differ in imaging patterns in midlife. We therefore sought to identify the effect of apolipoprotein E genotype on brain atrophy across almost the entire adult age span by using advanced MR imaging-based pattern analysis.
  
  
  
  We analyzed MR imaging scans of 1472 participants from the Study of Health in Pomerania (22-90 years of age). We studied the association among age, apolipoprotein E ε4 carrier status, and brain atrophy, which was quantified by using 2 MR imaging-based indices: Spatial Pattern of Atrophy for Recognition of Brain Aging (summarizing age-related brain atrophy) and Spatial Pattern of Abnormality for Recognition of Early Alzheimer Disease (summarizing Alzheimer disease-like brain atrophy patterns), as well as the gray matter volumes in several Alzheimer disease- and apolipoprotein E-related ROIs (lateral frontal, lateral temporal, medial frontal, and hippocampus).
  
  
  
  No significant association was found between apolipoprotein E ε4 carrier status and the studied ROIs or the MR imaging-based indices in linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, and education, including an interaction term between apolipoprotein E and age.
  
  
  
  Our study indicates that measurable apolipoprotein E-related brain atrophy does not occur in early adulthood and midlife and suggests that such atrophy may only occur more proximal to the onset of clinical symptoms of dementia.
authors.affiliation: From the Institute for Community Medicine (M.H., H.V., W.H.) Department of Psychiatry (M.H., S.V.d.A., D.J., H.J.G.) Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (M.H., J.D., G.E., C.D.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania habesm@uphs.upenn.edu jtoledo@mail.med.upenn.edu.
authors.forename: M
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9447-5805
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Habes
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.B.T.), Institute on Aging, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania habesm@uphs.upenn.edu jtoledo@mail.med.upenn.edu.
authors.forename: J B
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4366-9268
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Toledo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience (S.M.R), National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: S M
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1115-7145
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Resnick
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (M.H., J.D., G.E., C.D.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: J
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2875-5814
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Doshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry (M.H., S.V.d.A., D.J., H.J.G.).
authors.forename: S
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1757-7768
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Van der Auwera
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (M.H., J.D., G.E., C.D.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: G
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6633-4861
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Erus
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry (M.H., S.V.d.A., D.J., H.J.G.).
authors.forename: D
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4324-9298
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Janowitz
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology (K.H.).
authors.forename: K
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9620-3205
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hegenscheid
authors.affiliation: Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics (G.H.), University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6839-0605
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Homuth
authors.affiliation: From the Institute for Community Medicine (M.H., H.V., W.H.).
authors.forename: H
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7003-399X
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Völzke
authors.affiliation: From the Institute for Community Medicine (M.H., H.V., W.H.) German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (W.H., H.J.G.), Rostock/Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: W
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6359-8797
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry (M.H., S.V.d.A., D.J., H.J.G.) German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (W.H., H.J.G.), Rostock/Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: H J
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3684-4208
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Grabe
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics (M.H., J.D., G.E., C.D.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: C
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1025-8561
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Davatzikos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics*; D001284:Atrophy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D053327:Apolipoprotein E4