title: Hypolipidemic mechanism of oryzanol components- ferulic acid and phytosterols.
abstract: The effect of oryzanol (well known hypolipidemic component in rice bran oil) and its chemical constituents- ferulic acid (FA) and phytosterols on hypolipidemia were investigated.
  
  
  
  Docking (in silico) studies showed that FA had a better binding ability with lipase while sterols bound well with HMG-CoA reductase. Further in vivo studies of feeding high fat (30%) to rats increased body weights, serum TC, TG, non-HDL-C and reduced HDL-C were observed, compared to normal diet fed group (ND). ORZ treated groups alleviated the lipid profile. Furthermore, increased organ weights, higher intestinal lipase activity, and liver lipid peroxidation was observed in the high-fat group (HF). These effects were ameliorated in oryzanol concentrate fed groups (ORZ). Higher fecal fat was found in ORZ groups, analysis of fecal matter by mass spectroscopy revealed the presence of FA. In vitro, a bile acid binding study supported the strong affinity of sterol towards bile acids. In conclusion, oryzanol in the intestine is cleaved into FA and sterol by intestinal lipase enzymes both lipase and HMG-CoA reductase activities were inhibited, respectively. These hydrolysates eliminated the bile acids, thus lowering lipid profiles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Foods and Sensory Science, CFTRI, Mysore, India.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bhaskaragoud
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Foods and Sensory Science, CFTRI, Mysore, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajath
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Nutrition, CFTRI, Mysore, India.
authors.forename: V P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Mahendra
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Foods and Sensory Science, CFTRI, Mysore, India.
authors.forename: G Sunil
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Foods and Sensory Science, CFTRI, Mysore, India.
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Gopala Krishna
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Foods and Sensory Science, CFTRI, Mysore, India. Electronic address: sureshg@cftri.res.in/
authors.forename: G Suresh
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004326:Drinking / Q000187:drug effects; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008049:Lipase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry; D010666:Phenylpropionates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011485:Protein Binding; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D003373:Coumaric Acids; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D010666:Phenylpropionates; D010840:Phytosterols; C004999:ferulic acid; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases; D008049:Lipase; C013172:gamma-oryzanol
keywords: Ferulic acid; HMG-CoA reductase; Lipase; Molecular docking; Oryzanol; Sterols