title: Survival and tissue maintenance of an implant with a sloped configurated shoulder in the posterior mandible-a prospective multicenter study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Clinical studies evaluating the influence of the implant design on the preservation of peri-implant keratinized mucosa are rare. The aim of this prospective multicenter study was to investigate the survival, and soft and hard tissue maintenance of an implant with a sloped shoulder configuration, when placed in the posterior mandible.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, 24 centers participated and 184 patients receiving 238 implants (OsseoSpeed™Profile TX implants) were included. Clinical assessments of soft tissue parameters were performed before implant placement, immediately after implant placement, at prosthetic delivery and at 6, 12 and 24 months after implant placement and marginal bone adaptation was examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After an average time in situ of 28.7 ± 4.7 months (2.4 ± 0.4 years), the survival rate was 99.2%. Analysis of the peri-implant soft tissues during follow-up showed a slight but significant increase in peri-implant keratinized mucosa width after 2 years (P < 0.001). All patients with reduced peri-implant keratinized mucosa width of ≤ 2 mm at postoperative examination (n = 95) showed a pronounced and statistically significant increase in the peri-implant keratinized mucosa width over time (P < 0.001). After a mean follow-up of 20.7 ± 8 months (1.7 ± 0.7 years), mean inter-proximal marginal bone loss was 0.30 ± 0.6 mm, indicating high bone stability around the sloped implant neck.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that sloped configurated implants have a high survival rate after 2 years in function. The sloped implant shoulder configuration helps to support the hard and soft tissue around the implant neck and supports the regain of a physiological peri-implant keratinized mucosa in patients with compromised peri-implant soft tissue conditions (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01400321).
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schiegnitz
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.|Private Practice, Lindau/Lake Constance, Lindau, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Noelken
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moergel
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics and Technology, University of Applied Sciences Koblenz, RheinAhrCampus Remagen, Remagen, Germany.|Institute of Medical Biometry, Epidemiology and Informatics, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Remagen, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berres
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wagner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000502:physiology*; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007633:Keratins; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000502:physiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014081:Tooth Extraction
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D007633:Keratins
keywords: bone implant interactions; clinical; clinical trials; research; soft tissue-implant interactions