title: Dynamics of Individual T Cell Repertoires: From Cord Blood to Centenarians.
abstract: The diversity, architecture, and dynamics of the TCR repertoire largely determine our ability to effectively withstand infections and malignancies with minimal mistargeting of immune responses. In this study, we have employed deep TCRβ repertoire sequencing with normalization based on unique molecular identifiers to explore the long-term dynamics of T cell immunity. We demonstrate remarkable stability of repertoire, where approximately half of all T cells in peripheral blood are represented by clones that persist and generally preserve their frequencies for 3 y. We further characterize the extremes of lifelong TCR repertoire evolution, analyzing samples ranging from umbilical cord blood to centenarian peripheral blood. We show that the fetal TCR repertoire, albeit structurally maintained within regulated borders due to the lower numbers of randomly added nucleotides, is not limited with respect to observed functional diversity. We reveal decreased efficiency of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay in umbilical cord blood, which may reflect specific regulatory mechanisms in development. Furthermore, we demonstrate that human TCR repertoires are functionally more similar at birth but diverge during life, and we track the lifelong behavior of CMV- and EBV-specific T cell clonotypes. Finally, we reveal gender differences in dynamics of TCR diversity constriction, which come to naught in the oldest age. Based on our data, we propose a more general explanation for the previous observations on the relationships between longevity and immunity.
authors.affiliation: Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia; Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; and.
authors.forename: Olga V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Britanova
authors.affiliation: Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia; Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; and.
authors.forename: Mikhail
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7826-7942
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shugay
authors.affiliation: Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia;
authors.forename: Ekaterina M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Merzlyak
authors.affiliation: Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia;
authors.forename: Dmitriy B
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6789-9442
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Staroverov
authors.affiliation: Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia;
authors.forename: Ekaterina V
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4421-3844
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Putintseva
authors.affiliation: Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia; Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; and.
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Turchaninova
authors.affiliation: Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; and.
authors.forename: Ilgar Z
authors.initials: IZ
authors.lastname: Mamedov
authors.affiliation: Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia;
authors.forename: Mikhail V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Pogorelyy
authors.affiliation: Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia; Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; and.
authors.forename: Dmitriy A
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8484-6067
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bolotin
authors.affiliation: Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; and.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Izraelson
authors.affiliation: Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; and.
authors.forename: Alexey N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Davydov
authors.affiliation: Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia; Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; and.
authors.forename: Evgeny S
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6495-7173
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Egorov
authors.affiliation: Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia;
authors.forename: Sofya A
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5522-7443
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Kasatskaya
authors.affiliation: Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia; Vavilov Institute of General Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
authors.forename: Denis V
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1884-1807
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Rebrikov
authors.affiliation: Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia;
authors.forename: Sergey
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lukyanov
authors.affiliation: Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia; Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; and chudakovdm@mail.ru.
authors.forename: Dmitriy M
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0430-790X
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Chudakov
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging; D002648:Child; D002999:Clone Cells; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes; D008136:Longevity; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056004:Molecular Dynamics Simulation; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D012984:Software; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta