title: Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging: Current role in prostate cancer management.
abstract: Digital rectal examination, serum prostate-specific antigen screening and transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy are conventionally used as screening, diagnostic and surveillance tools for prostate cancer. However, they have limited sensitivity and specificity. In recent years, the role of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging has steadily grown, and is now part of the standard clinical management in many institutions. In multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging, the morphological assessment of T2-weighted imaging is correlated with diffusion-weighted imaging, dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging perfusion and/or magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging is currently regarded as the most sensitive and specific imaging technique for the evaluation of prostate cancer, including detection, staging, localization and aggressiveness evaluation. This article presents an overview of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging, and discusses the current role of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in the different fields of prostate cancer management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.|Department of Radiology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamada
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Vipul
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bist
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reinhold
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyake
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
authors.forename: Utaru
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.|Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitajima
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D006801:Humans; D061705:Image-Guided Biopsy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
keywords: MR-guided biopsy; active surveillance; multiparametric MRI; prostate cancer; prostate cancer detection; radical prostatectomy