title: Autonomous control of cardiovascular reactivity in patients with episodic and chronic forms of migraine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The autonomous cardiovascular control can contribute to progression of migraine. However, current data on cardiovascular reactivity in migraine, especially severe forms, are essentially contradictory. The main aim of this study was to compare the autonomous regulation of circulation in patients with episodic and chronic migraine and healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy three migraine patients (mean age 35 ± 10) including episodic migraine (51 patients, 4-14 headache days/months) and chronic migraine (22 patients, ≥15 headache days/month) along with age-match control (71 healthy voluntaries) were examined. The autonomic regulation of circulation was examined with the tilt-table test, a deep breathing and Valsalva Maneuver, handgrip test, cold-stress vasoconstriction, arterial baroreflex and blood pressure variability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The changes in heart rate induced by deep breathing, Valsalva Maneuver, and blood pressure in tilt-table test in patients with migraine did not differ from the control group. In contrast, the values of cold-stress-vasoconstriction forearm blood-flow reactivity (p <0.001), the increase in diastolic blood pressure in handgrip test (p <0.001), mean blood pressure in the late stage of the second phase of Valsalva Maneuver (p <0.001) and blood pressure variability (p <0.005) were all higher in patients with migraine than in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thus, both episodic and chronic migraine are associated with significant disturbances in autonomous control resulting in enhanced vascular reactivity whereas the cardiac regulation remains largely unchanged.
authors.affiliation: Almazov Federal Heart, Blood and Endocrinology Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia.|Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia.|Department of Computer Photonics and Videomatics, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Oleg V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Mamontov
authors.affiliation: Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia.|Department of Computer Photonics and Videomatics, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Babayan
authors.affiliation: Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia.|Department of Computer Photonics and Videomatics, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexander V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Amelin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.|Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.|Department of Computer Photonics and Videomatics, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Rashid
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giniatullin
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Photonics and Videomatics, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia. alexei.kamshilin@yandex.ru.
authors.forename: Alexei A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Kamshilin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018667:Tilt-Table Test / Q000379:methods; D014636:Valsalva Maneuver; D014661:Vasoconstriction