title: Determining the relationship between nanoparticle characteristics and immunotoxicity: key challenges and approaches.
abstract: The growing wealth of information regarding the influence that physicochemical characteristics play on nanoparticle biocompatibility and safety is allowing improved design and rationale for their development and preclinical assessment. Accurate and appropriate measurement of these characteristics accompanied by informed toxicological assessment is a necessity for the development of safe and effective nanomedicines. While particle type, formulation and mode of administration dictate the individual causes for concern through development, the benefits of nanoformulation for treatment of the diseased state are great. Here we have proposed certain considerations and suggestions, which could lead to better-informed preclinical assessment of nanomaterials for nanomedicine, as well as how this information can and should be extrapolated to the physiological state of the end user.
authors.affiliation: European Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, University of Liverpool, Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, 70 Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L69 3GF, UK.
authors.forename: Christopher Aw
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: David
authors.affiliation: European Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, University of Liverpool, Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, 70 Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L69 3GF, UK.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Owen
authors.affiliation: European Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, University of Liverpool, Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, 70 Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L69 3GF, UK.
authors.forename: Neill J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Liptrott
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D050997:Nanomedicine; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D010316:Particle Size; D013499:Surface Properties
keywords: nanomedicine; nanoparticles; nanotoxicology