title: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on Candida albicans pre-treated by fluconazole delayed yeast inactivation.
abstract: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDI) has been used to treat localized infection and the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of APDI combined with fluconazole in suspension of Candida albicans. C. albicans ATCC90028 was subcultured onto Sabouraud agar and inocula were prepared at yeast density of 1×10(6)CFU/mL. Methylene blue (MB) was used with concentration of 100mM. Yeast cells were incubated for 30min in 24-well plate and then irradiated by LED (660nm; 690mW; A=2.7cm(2); I=250mW/cm(2)) with radiant exposure of 30, 60, and 120J/cm(2). The same APDI setup was used with 2h fluconazole (0.5μg/mL) incubation. A UV-vis optical absorption spectroscopy was achieved following fractionated irradiation up to 960s. There were substantial differences in the killing effect following MB-mediated APDI and C. albicans was eradicated in the both APDI groups. The fluconazole combined to APDI delayed the complete inactivation of the yeast (p<0.05). Spectroscopy showed a decrease in absorption following irradiation for all absorption peaks. APDI presented an antagonist effect in the presence of fluconazole.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luis Rodolfo
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline Silva
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Letícia Heineck
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Alvarenga
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Informatics and knowledge management, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alessandro Melo
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Deana
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Eugênia Onofre Simões
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: de Santi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, ABC Federal University (UFABC), Santo Andre, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ilka Tiemy
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cintia Raquel Lima
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.affiliation: Center for Lasers and Applications, IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Martha Simões
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: pratesra@uninove.br.
authors.forename: Renato Araujo
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Prates
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000379:methods; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008027:Light; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D015725:Fluconazole
keywords: Antifungal; Antimicrobial photodynamic chemotherapy; Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation; Photosensitizer; Red laser; Yeast infection