title: Impact of caudal block on postoperative complications in children undergoing tubularised incised plate urethroplasty for hypospadias repair: a retrospective cohort study.
abstract: This study aimed to assess the association between caudal block and postoperative complications after tubularised incised plate urethroplasty. The medical records of 388 paediatric patients who underwent urethroplasty at a tertiary medical centre were analysed retrospectively. Among the 342 patients included, 216 patients received a caudal block and 72 (21.1%) patients suffered surgical complications. The number of patients having surgical complications was significantly greater among patients who received a caudal block than among patients who did not receive a caudal block (53 (24.5%) versus 19 (15.1%), respectively, p = 0.04). Based on multivariate logistic regression analysis, duration of surgery, caudal block and hypospadias types were independent risk factors for the surgical complications. Patients with caudal block had an odds ratio of 2.1 (95% CI, 1.14-3.81, p = 0.018) for the development of postoperative complications compared with patients without caudal block. This analysis demonstrates that caudal block is associated with surgical complications after tubularised incised plate urethroplasty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Im
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kil
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Y E
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Joe
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000763:Anesthesia, Caudal / Q000379:methods*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014521:Urethra / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: caudal block; hypospadias; postoperative complication; tubularised incised plate urethroplasty