title: In vitro characterization of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis isolates from patients with different responses to Glucantime(®) treatment from Northwest Paraná, Brazil.
abstract: Leishmaniasis is a group of diseases that presents various clinical manifestations. Many studies have shown that the parasite plays an important role in the clinical manifestations and prognosis of this disease. The cutaneous and mucosal forms of American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) are associated with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, which exhibits intraspecific genetic polymorphisms and various clinical manifestations. The present study focused on four different L. braziliensis strains that were isolated from patients with distinct Glucantime(®) treatment responses. The isolates were described based on their molecular, biological, and infective characteristics. Growth patterns in culture medium and different grow phases were analyzed, MID-Logarithimic (Mid-LOG), Logarithimic (LOG) and Stationary (STAT) phases. Complement resistance was evaluated using guinea pig serum. Infection to murine peritoneal macrophages, cytokine and nitric oxide were analyzed. Ultrastructural features were determined by transmission electron microscopy, and molecular characteristics were determined based on random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). All of the L. braziliensis isolates showed typical growth and similar complement sensitivity patterns. Markedly lower infectivity indexes were observed for all strains in the LOG phase, with different cytokine profiles. The ultrastructure analysis revealed distinct differences between the MID-LOG, LOG, and STAT phases. The RAPD results showed a divergence between the isolates of the L. braziliensis. The in vitro characterization of L. braziliensis isolates from humans with different treatment responses using various parameters enabled us to observe differences among the isolates. Molecular and in vivo characterizations are currently under study to improve understanding of the parasite-host interaction that can imply in the clinical manifestation differences.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address: acbsfernandes@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Andrea Claudia Bekner Silva
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address: raissap@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Raíssa Bocchi
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Pedroso
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Fisiopatologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address: tatiperles@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Tatiane França Perles
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: de Mello
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address: donatti@ufpr.br.
authors.forename: Lucélia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Donatti
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address: easvenazzi@uem.br.
authors.forename: Eneide Aparecida Sabaini
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Venazzi
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address: bel_galhardo@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Izabel Galhardo
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Demarchi
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address: smaaristides@uem.br.
authors.forename: Sandra Mara Alessi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Aristides
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address: mvclonardoni@uem.br.
authors.forename: Maria Valdrinez Campana
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Lonardoni
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address: tgvsilveira@uem.br.
authors.forename: Thaís Gomes Verzignassi
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Silveira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001938:Brazil; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D007892:Leishmania braziliensis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology*; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D008536:Meglumine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008536:Meglumine; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate; D003165:Complement System Proteins
keywords: Clinical manifestations; Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis; Strain differences; Treatment response