title: Ceria-containing uncoated and coated hydroxyapatite-based galantamine nanocomposites for formidable treatment of Alzheimer's disease in ovariectomized albino-rat model.
abstract: This paper upraises delivery and therapeutic actions of galantamine drug (GAL) against Alzheimer's disease (AD) in rat brain through attaching GAL to ceria-containing hydroxyapatite (GAL@Ce-HAp) as well ceria-containing carboxymethyl chitosan-coated hydroxyapatite (GAL@Ce-HAp/CMC) nanocomposites. Physicochemical features of such nanocomposites were analyzed by XRD, FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy, UV-vis spectrophotometer, N2-BET, DLS, zeta-potential measurements, SEM, and HR-TEM. Limited interactions were observed in GAL@Ce-HAp with prevailed existence of dispersed negatively charged rod-like particles conjugated with ceria nanodots. On contrary, GAL@Ce-HAp/CMC was well-structured developing aggregates of uncharged tetragonal-shaped particles laden with accession of ceria quantum dots. Such nanocomposites were i.p. injected into ovariectomized AD albino-rats at galantamine dose of 2.5mg/kg/day for one month, then brain tissues were collected for biochemical and histological tests. GAL@Ce-HAp adopted as a promising candidate for AD curativeness, whereas oxidative stress markers were successfully upregulated, degenerated neurons in hippocampal and cerebral tissues were wholly recovered and Aβ-plaques were vanished. Also, optimizable in-vitro release for GAL and nanoceria were displayed from GAL@Ce-HAp, while delayed in-vitro release for those species were developed from GAL@Ce-HAp/CMC. This proof of concept work allow futuristic omnipotency of rod-like hydroxyapatite particles for selective delivery of GAL and nanoceria to AD affected brain areas.
authors.affiliation: Zoology Department, Women College, Ain Shams University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Sanaa M R
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wahba
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address: atef_mouharam@sci.asu.edu.eg.
authors.forename: Atef S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Darwish
authors.affiliation: Zoology Department, Women College, Ain Shams University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Sara M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kamal
mesh_terms: D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002563:Cerium / Q000737:chemistry*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D002712:Chlorides / Q000633:toxicity; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D000067493:Dynamic Light Scattering; D005260:Female; D005702:Galantamine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D051381:Rats; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D002712:Chlorides; D004337:Drug Carriers; C514968:carboxymethyl-chitosan; D005702:Galantamine; D002563:Cerium; D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; C030583:ceric oxide; D048271:Chitosan; D017886:Durapatite
keywords: Anti-Alzheimer agent; Galantamine; Hydroxyapatite; Nanoceria; Nanocomposite