title: Detection of phthalate esters in seawater by stir bar sorptive extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
abstract: We developed the stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE)-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method to detect 15 kinds of PAEs in seawater. The stir bars (20mm in length and 1mm in film thickness) coated with 150μL of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) were found to demonstrate the optimal extraction of PAEs. The optimal conditions were as follows: extraction time of 2h, extraction temperature of 25°C, sodium chloride of 5%, methanol of 10%, analytical time of 50min, and methanol-acetonitrile (4:1) as the solvent. SBSE-GC-MS revealed that under the set temperature, the chromatographic peaks of all 15 PAEs can appear with complete separation. The detection limit ranged from 0.07μg/L to 5.71μg/L, whereas the limit of quantification ranged from 0.023μg/L to 193μg/L, and the correlation coefficients between the chromatographic peak area and concentration of the PAEs were greater than 0.92.
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
authors.forename: Qingqing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Si
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
authors.forename: Fengmin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
authors.forename: Chenchen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Public Laboratory of Bioenergy and Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China.
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
authors.forename: Zhenyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Qingdao Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes / Q000737:chemistry; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004952:Esters / Q000032:analysis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D004952:Esters; D010795:Phthalic Acids; D012997:Solvents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C013830:baysilon
keywords: Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; Phthalic acid ester; Plasticizer; Stir bar sorptive extraction