title: Genetic risks and genetic model specification.
abstract: Genetic risks and genetic models are often used in design and analysis of genetic epidemiology studies. A genetic model is defined in terms of two genetic risk measures: genotype relative risk and odds ratio. The impacts of choosing a risk measure on the resulting genetic models are studied in the power to detect association and deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in cases using genetic relative risk. Extensive simulations demonstrate that the power of a study to detect associations using odds ratio is lower than that using relative risk with the same value when other parameters are fixed. When the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium holds in the general population, the genetic model can be inferred by the deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in only cases. Furthermore, it is more efficient than that based on the deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in all cases and controls.
authors.affiliation: National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Systems and Control, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Jinfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA. Electronic address: yuanao@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Ao
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Systems and Control, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qizhai
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: George Washington University, Washington DC, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gastwirth
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D056426:Genetic Loci; D005819:Genetic Markers; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008957:Models, Genetic; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers
keywords: Case-control design; Genetic model; Genetic risk; Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium