title: Mitochondrial DNA COI characterization of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Paraguay and Uruguay.
abstract: Since its detection in Brazil in 2013, the Old World cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera has been reported in Argentina, Paraguay, and Bolivia. Here we present evidence extending the South American range of H. armigera to Uruguay, using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of the partial mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome oxidase I region. Molecular characterization of this gene region from individuals from Paraguay also supports previous morphological identification of H. armigera in Paraguay. Shared mtDNA haplotypes in H. armigera from Brazil, Uruguay, and Paraguay were identified. Additional surveying of populations in this region will be imperative to better monitor and understand factors that are underpinning its presence and successful adaptation in these South American regions. We discuss our findings with respect to the development of resistance pest management strategies of this invasive insect pest in a predominantly monoculture soybean crop landscape in the Southern Cone region.
authors.affiliation: CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, Australia.|Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.|Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Arnemann
authors.affiliation: CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, Australia.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: James
authors.affiliation: CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, Australia.
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.
authors.forename: J V C
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Guedes
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Smagghe
authors.affiliation: Centro Universitario de la Región Este, Department of Crop Protection, Agronomy Faculty, Universidad de la República Oriental del Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Castiglioni
authors.affiliation: CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, Australia.
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Tay
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics*; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D007915:Lepidoptera / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D010239:Paraguay; D014583:Uruguay
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D019476:Insect Proteins; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV