title: Long-Term Outcomes of Pulmonary Hypertension in Preterm Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.
abstract: The long-term cardiovascular outcomes of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are uncertain.
  
  
  
  The purpose of this study was to assess outcomes of PH in prematurely born children diagnosed with moderate to severe BPD.
  
  
  
  We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients born before 32 weeks of gestation and diagnosed with moderate to severe BPD from June 2004 to April 2008. Patients were recruited for a cross-sectional study from August to October 2014 and underwent echocardiography.
  
  
  
  Forty-two children were enrolled. Their mean gestational age and birth weight were 26.2 ± 1.7 weeks and 753.1 ± 172.5 g, respectively. Sixteen patients (38%) were diagnosed with PH at a mean age of 3.3 ± 1.6 months, and the PH improved after a median of 12.3 months (range 0.7-46.6). Cardiovascular function was reassessed at a mean age of 7.7 ± 0.9 years, at which time 1 patient was taking a medication for recurrent PH, and 12 (28.6%) patients exhibited elevated blood pressure. Conventional 2-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography indicated normal ventricular function in all children. However, right ventricular longitudinal strains were decreased in children with previous PH.
  
  
  
  Subclinical ventricular dysfunction was detectable using sensitive echocardiographic techniques in children with previous BPD-associated PH. Long-term follow-up and meticulous cardiovascular function assessment are required in this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Han-Suk
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyo Soon
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Bo Sang
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Gi Beom
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung Han
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Ee-Kyung
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Eun Jung
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Chung Il
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Noh
authors.forename: Jung-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D001724:Birth Weight; D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000150:complications*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018754:Ventricular Dysfunction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*