title: [Immunological background and pathomechanisms of food allergies].
abstract: Recent advances in immunology have greatly improved our understanding of the pathomechanisms of food allergies. Food allergies are caused and maintained by complex interactions of the innate and adaptive immune system involving antigen-presenting cells (APC), T cells, group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), epithelial cells (EC) and effectors cells. Additionally, epigenetic factors, the intestinal microbiome and nutritional factors modulating the gastrointestinal lymphatic tissue probably have a significant impact on allergy development. However, why certain individuals develop tolerance while others mount allergic responses, the factors defining the allergenicity of food proteins, as well as the immunological mechanisms triggering allergy development have yet to be analyzed in detail.
authors.affiliation: Molekulare Allergologie, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Bundesinstitut für Impfstoffe und biomedizinische Arzneimittel, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 51-59, 63225, Langen, Deutschland. Stefan.Schuelke@pei.de.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schülke
authors.affiliation: Molekulare Allergologie, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Bundesinstitut für Impfstoffe und biomedizinische Arzneimittel, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 51-59, 63225, Langen, Deutschland.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Scheurer
mesh_terms: D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D055261:Immunogenetic Phenomena / Q000235:genetics*; D008957:Models, Genetic; D018448:Models, Immunological
keywords: Food allergy; GALT; Oral tolerance; Pathomechanism; Primary sensitization