title: High frequency tympanometry (1000Hz) in young infants and its comparison with otoacoustic emissions, otomicroscopy and 226Hz tympanometry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the first 6 months of life, 226Hz tympanometry is considered an ineffective procedure for the diagnosis of otitis media with effusion. With the introduction of universal hearing screening, the use of high frequency 1000Hz (1kHz) tympanometry has been recommended. To optimise the diagnosis of neonatal hearing loss, we present this comparison, from the clinical point of view, of the results of 226Hz and 1kHz tympanometry in infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  We designed a prospective study of 100 children under 9 months of age proceeding from our hearing screening program. We compare the result of tympanometry with binocular microscopy and transient evoked otoacoustic emissions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The application of transient otoacoustic emissions, otomicroscopy and 226Hz and 1kHz tympanometry has shown its usefulness in the management of otitis media with effusion of young infants, with a similar effectiveness between the 4 tests.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The joint use of otomicroscopy, transient otoacoustic emissions and 226Hz and 1kHz tympanometry, has allowed us to diagnose otitis media with effusion in young infants more accurately than each test separately. We recommend initial use of 1kHz tympanometry, at least in children younger than 7 months, but in the presence of hearing loss or an unclear result, 226Hz tympanometry is a good diagnostic complement.
authors.affiliation: Servicio ORL y PCF, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, España.
authors.forename: Eduardo A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Mena-Domínguez
authors.affiliation: Servicio ORL y PCF, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, España. Electronic address: jibenito@ono.com.
authors.forename: José I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Benito-Orejas
authors.affiliation: Servicio ORL y PCF, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, España.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ramírez-Cano
authors.affiliation: Servicio ORL y PCF, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, España.
authors.forename: Darío
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Morais-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Apoyo a la Investigación, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, España.
authors.forename: M Fe
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Moreno
mesh_terms: D000158:Acoustic Impedance Tests / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008853:Microscopy; D038781:Otoscopy; D011446:Prospective Studies
keywords: Acoustic impedance tests; Child; Hearing loss; Microscopia; Microscopy; Niño; Otitis media; Otoscopia; Otoscopy; Pruebas de impedancia acústica; Pérdida auditiva