title: Emperor's new clothes: Is particle disease really infected particle disease?
abstract: Aseptic loosening remains the most significant long-term complication of total hip replacement. The current paradigm points to an inflammatory response to wear particles as its main trigger. Recently, there have been increasing numbers of positive bacterial isolates reported among patients with clinically absent infection. This paper reviews existing evidence on possible involvement of bacteria and microbial-associated molecular patterns in the pathology of so-called "aseptic loosening." © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1497-1504, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic and Rheumoorthopaedic Surgery, The Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland.|Foundation for the Development of Medicine, Slupsk, Poland.|SPSK im. Prof. A. Grucy, Konarskiego 13, Otwock, 05-400, Poland.
authors.forename: Marcin K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Wasko
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery Laboratories, Stanford University, Stanford, California.|Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
authors.forename: Stuart B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Goodman
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D006801:Humans; D011475:Prosthesis Failure / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: aseptic loosening; infection; microbial-associated molecular patterns; osteolysis; total hip replacement