title: Serum Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation Increase in Hypertension with Prediabetes Mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in hypertension and prediabetes by studying adhesion molecules and inflammatory factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study included 133 outpatients. Participants were categorized into three groups based on the presence or absence of hypertension and prediabetes: control subjects without prediabetes and hypertension (N group, n = 39); patients with hypertension only (H group, n = 34); and patients with hypertension and prediabetes (HD group, n = 60). Hypertension was diagnosed according to JNC7 criteria. Prediabetes was defined according to 2010 American Diabetes Association criteria. Plasma was isolated from overnight fasting blood samples for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis of concentrations of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), P-selectin, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as indicators of endothelial function and inflammation. We found that the H and HD groups showed significantly higher levels of all four biomarkers compared with the N group (all p < 0.01). The HD group also showed significantly higher levels of ICAM-1 (p = 0.042) and TNF-α (p < 0.01) compared with the H group; no significant differences in P-selectin (p = 0.59) and IL-6 (p = 0.70) levels were observed among these groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prediabetes and hypertension induce endothelial dysfunction and inflammation by elevating levels of soluble adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines. The comorbidity of these diseases may exacerbate inflammation and endothelial dysfunction by enhancing the expression of ICAM-1 and TNF-α.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Zhouqing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Fanqi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Peiren
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, P.R. China .
authors.forename: Weijian
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D004727:Endothelium / Q000473:pathology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D019007:P-Selectin; C546937:SELP protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1