title: Short-term and long-term test-retest reliability of the Nasality Severity Index 2.0.
abstract: The Nasality Severity Index 2.0 (NSI 2.0) forms a new, multiparametric approach in the assessment of hypernasality. To enable clinical implementation of this index, the short- and long-term test-retest reliability of this index was explored.
  
  
  
  In 40 normal-speaking adults (mean age 32y, SD 11, 18-56y) and 29 normal-speaking children (mean age 8y, SD 2, 4-12y), the acoustic parameters included in the NSI 2.0 (i.e. nasalance of the vowel /u/ and an oral text, and the voice low tone to high tone ratio (VLHR) of the vowel /i/) were obtained twice at the same test moment and during a second assessment two weeks later. After determination of the NSI 2.0, a comprehensive set of statistical measures was applied to determine its reliability.
  
  
  
  Long-term variability of the NSI 2.0 and its parameters was slightly higher compared to the short-term variability, both in adults and in children. Overall, a difference of 2.82 for adults and 2.68 for children between the results of two consecutive measurements can be interpreted as a genuine change. With an ICC of 0.84 in adults and 0.77 in children, the NSI 2.0 additionally shows an excellent relative consistency. No statistically significant difference was withheld in the reliability of test-retest measurements between adults and children.
  
  
  
  Reliable test-retest measurements of the NSI 2.0 can be performed. Consequently, the NSI 2.0 can be applied in clinical practice, in which successive NSI 2.0 scores can be reliably compared and interpreted.
  
  
  
  The reader will be able to describe and discuss both the short-term and long-term test-retest reliability of the Nasality Severity Index 2.0, a new multiparametric approach to hypernasality, and its parameters. Based on this information, the NSI 2.0 can be applied in clinical practice, in which successive NSI 2.0 scores, e.g. before and after surgery or speech therapy, can be compared and interpreted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address: Kim.Bettens@Ugent.be.
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bettens
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Biomedical Physics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Floris L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Wuyts
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Evelien
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: D'haeseleer
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luyten
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Meerschman
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Van Crayelynghe
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Kristiane M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Van Lierde
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D009296:Nasal Cavity; D010036:Otolaryngology / Q000295:instrumentation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013068:Speech Production Measurement; D014681:Velopharyngeal Insufficiency / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D014833:Voice Quality
keywords: Hypernasality; Nasality Severity Index; Reliability