title: Anti-rheumatic activity of Ananas comosus fruit peel extract in a complete Freund's adjuvant rat model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, autoimmune and systemic inflammatory disease, which targets synovial joints leading to joint destruction mediated in part by migration of inflammatory cells into the synovial tissue.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study evaluates the anti-rheumatic effect of a methanol extract of Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. (Bromeliaceae) peel in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anti-rheumatic activity of crude extract of peels of A. comosus in complete Freund's induced arthritis model in rats was studied at doses of 50, 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg b.w. for 21 days. Parameters such as paw size, levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), C-reactive proteins (CRP) and prostaglandins (PGE2) were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oral administration of the extract significantly reduced the swelling in the paw of rats (EC5065.1 ± 2.95 mg/kg b.w.) with a maximal inhibition of 77.01 ± 10.53% on 21st day at 500 mg/kg b.w. The extract also significantly reduced the levels of SOD, CAT and GPx in liver (EC5026.84 ± 16.37, 68.37 ± 19.22, 106.54 ± 34.81 mg/kg b.w., respectively), kidney (EC50261.75 ± 81.5, 176.38 ± 8.08, 14.32 ± 6.64, mg/kg b.w., respectively) and spleen (EC50152.14 ± 39.57, 83.97 ± 14.6, 47.1 ± 10.45 mg/kg b.w., respectively); and CRP (EC5036.37 ± 12.4 mg/kg b.w.) and PGE2(EC50191.06 ± 71.54 mg/kg b.w.) in tissue homogenate and serum, respectively, at 500 mg/kg b.w. as compared to arthritic control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that A. comosus fruit peel extract exerts anti-rheumatic activity.
authors.affiliation: a Sunandan Divatia School of Science, NMIMS (Deemed-to-be) University , Mumbai , Maharashtra , India.
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kargutkar
authors.affiliation: a Sunandan Divatia School of Science, NMIMS (Deemed-to-be) University , Mumbai , Maharashtra , India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brijesh
mesh_terms: D031230:Ananas; D000818:Animals; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D005638:Fruit; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Catalase; c-reactive proteins; glutathione peroxidise; prostaglandins; rheumatoid arthritis; superoxide dismutase