title: Parental acceptance and uptake of the HPV vaccine among African-Americans and Latinos in the United States: A literature review.
abstract: African-Americans and Latinos suffer the highest cervical cancer burden compared to other populations and have sub-optimal HPV vaccination rates.
  
  
  
  To condense research findings of studies conducted with African-Americans and Latinos on factors associated with HPV vaccine acceptability and uptake.
  
  
  
  Standards for conducting an integrative review were used. PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and PsycINFO databases were searched.
  
  
  
  Awareness about HPV and the HPV vaccine varied by demographics of parents. For Latino parents, acculturation and awareness were associated. However, findings were mixed regarding the association between acculturation and knowledge. Among African-Americans, higher socioeconomic status (SES) and awareness were associated. Sexuality-related concerns, concerns about safety and low perceived risk of daughter's acquiring HPV emerged as barriers to vaccination among Latinos and African-Americans. Among Latinos, vaccine acceptability was associated with the vaccine's cancer prevention benefits and a provider's recommendation. Among African-Americans, acceptability was associated with awareness, perceived risk of acquiring HPV, religion, and a provider's recommendation. Few interventions have been developed to increase HPV vaccine acceptance. Importantly, few studies assessed the influence of culture on vaccine acceptance and uptake.
  
  
  
  Future research should be informed by culture-centered theories as this is the first step to inform the development of culturally-grounded interventions.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Carrington Hall, CB #7460, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Electronic address: galbraik@email.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Kayoll V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Galbraith
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave, El Paso, TX 79902, USA. Electronic address: julialec@utep.edu.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lechuga
authors.affiliation: Department of Adult and Geriatric Health, School of Nursing, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Carrington Hall, CB #7460, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Electronic address: coretta.jenerette@unc.edu.
authors.forename: Coretta M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Jenerette
authors.affiliation: Moore & Moore Healthcare Consulting, LLC., P.O. Box 48852, Cumberland, NC 28331, USA. Electronic address: angelo.moore@2moorehealthcareconsulting.com.
authors.forename: Ltc Angelo D
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.affiliation: Health Care Environment Division, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Carrington Hall, CB #7460, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Electronic address: mhpalmer@email.unc.edu.
authors.forename: Mary H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.affiliation: Department of Community-Public Health, School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, 525 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Electronic address: jhamil32@jhu.edu.
authors.forename: Jill B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Hamilton
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D014481:United States / Q000208:ethnology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines
keywords: African American; HPV vaccine acceptability; HPV vaccine uptake; Hispanic; Human papillomavirus; Latino