title: Quantification of pelvic tilt and rotation by width/height ratio of obturator foramina on anteroposterior radiographs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Compared to sagittal pelvic tilt, only a few studies have examined axial rotation on anteroposterior radiographs. We therefore quantified 3-D pelvic rotation using the width and height ratio of the obturator foramina under the various pelvic tilts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using CT reconstructions of 10 healthy pelvises, anterior pelvic planes (APPs) were rotated by 20° in 5° increments on the axial plane with various degrees of sagittal pelvic tilt. The correlation between the pelvic rotation angle and the width ratio (WR) in the axial plane and the height/width ratio (H/W) in the sagittal plane were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Axial pelvic rotation and WR showed a high linear correlation regardless of the sagittal tilt, with the correlation coefficient ranging from 0.93 to 0.98 in males and 0.87 to 0.95 in females. The angle that resulted in a WR of 1:2 was approximately 13° in males and 18° in females. H/W also showed a linear regression with sagittal tilt. Axial rotation was determined by the following equation incorporating pelvic tilts; axial rotation (male:female) = (19.9:24.2) + (2.1:3.6) × Hright/Wright + (0.9:1.5) × Hleft/Wleft - (23.2:25.1) × WR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pelvic tilt and rotation could be quantified by the equation using width and height ratios of the obturator foramina on a plain anteroposterior radiograph. Width and height ratios of the obturator foramina proved to be useful parameters in clinical practice for understanding pelvic rotation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka - Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka - Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka - Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka - Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ushijima
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka - Japan.
authors.forename: Masanobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka - Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka - Japan.
authors.forename: Yukihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010384:Pelvic Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010388:Pelvis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011859:Radiography; D012399:Rotation