title: A nationwide study of children and adolescents with pneumonia who visited Emergency Department in South Korea in 2012.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Acute respiratory infection, particularly pneumonia, is the most common cause of hospitalization and death among children in developing nations. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of children and adolescents with pneumonia who visited Emergency Department (ED) in South Korea in 2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) records from 146 EDs in South Korea for all pediatric patients aged ≤18 years who were diagnosed with pneumonia between January and December 2012.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 38,415 subjects, the male-to-female ratio was 1:0.8. Patients aged <12 months comprised 18.0% of the study population; those aged 1 to 3 years, 54.4%; those aged 4 to 6 years, 16.8%; those aged 7 to 12 years, 7.4%; and those aged 13 to 18 years, 3.4%. Presentation rates were highest in April, followed by January, March, and May. The hospital admission rate was 43.5%, of which 2.6% were in intensive care units. The mortality rate was 0.02%. Based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, diagnostic codes, the types of pneumonia according to cause were viral pneumonia (29.0%), bacterial pneumonia (5.3%), Mycoplasmal pneumonia (4.5%), aspiration pneumonia (1.3%), and pneumonia of unknown origin (59.3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the limited data due to the ED data from the NEDIS lacking laboratory results and treatment information, this study reflects well the outbreak patterns among children and adolescents with pneumonia. Our results provide a basis for future studies regarding ED treatment for children and adolescents with pneumonia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang Hyu
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Youn Kyoung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Won
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Sun General Hospital, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Eui-Jung
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong In
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Hee
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Chung
keywords: Adolescent; Child; Hospital emergency service; Pneumonia