title: Retroductal Submandibular Gland Instillation and Localized Fractionated Irradiation in a Rat Model of Salivary Hypofunction.
abstract: Normal tissues that lie within the portals of radiation are inadvertently damaged. Salivary glands are often injured during head and neck radiotherapy. Irreparable cell damage results in a chronic loss of salivary function that impairs basic oral activities, and increases the risk of oral infections and dental caries. Salivary hypofunction and its complications gravely impact a patient's comfort. Current symptomatic management of the condition is ineffective, and newer therapies to assuage the condition are needed. Salivary glands are exocrine glands, which expel their secretions into the mouth via excretory ducts. Cannulation of these ducts provides direct access to the glands. Retroductal delivery of a contrast agent to major salivary glands is a routine out-patient procedure for diagnostic imaging. Using a similar procedure, localized treatment of the glands is feasible. However, performing this technique in preclinical studies with small animals poses unique challenges. In this study we describe the technique of retroductal administration in rat submandibular glands, a procedure that was refined in Dr. Bruce Baum's laboratory (NIH)(1), and lay out a procedure for local gland irradiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center.
authors.forename: Renjith Parameswaran
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.affiliation: Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, DHHS.
authors.forename: Changyu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center; GSunav@lsuhsc.edu.
authors.forename: Gulshan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sunavala-Dossabhoy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy; D011833:Radiation Injuries, Experimental / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media