title: Variation of the light stable isotopes in the superior and inferior grains of rice (Oryza sativa L.) with different geographical origins.
abstract: Trying to explore a new research angle to increase the resolution and accessibility of isotopic based traceability technique, light stable isotopes (δ(13)C, δ(15)N, δD and δ(18)O) in the superior (SS) and inferior (IS) grains of a rice cultivar Daohuaxiang were analyzed with relatively limited sample numbers and adjacent sites in Fujin and Wuchang, Heilongjiang Province, PR China. Distribution of δ(13)C, δ(15)N and δ(18)O in the SS and IS grains were found to be different. δ(18)O and δD can discriminate rice cultivation areas. However, δ(13)C and δ(15)N values in Fujin and Wuchang overlapped when the differences between SS and IS were considered, thus δ(13)C and δ(15)N cannot be used to discriminate cultivation areas. This exploratory study indicate the variation of the light stable isotopes in the grains located on different panicle positions could be used to discriminate the geographical origin but still need further systematic consideration and verification.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Tianjin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
authors.forename: Weixing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Shuming
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, Vienna 1400, Austria.
authors.forename: Zhihua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China. Electronic address: zhang-guoyou@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Guoyou
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China; D005843:Geography; D008027:Light; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification*; D010103:Oxygen Isotopes / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D010103:Oxygen Isotopes
keywords: Geographical origin; Inferior spikelet; Rice; Stable isotope; Superior spikelet