title: Biased towards food: Electrophysiological evidence for biased attention to food stimuli.
abstract: We investigated the neural mechanisms involved in bias for food stimuli in our visual environment using event related lateralized (ERL) responses. The participants were presented with a cue (food or non-food item) to either identify or hold in working memory. Subsequently, they had to search for a target in a 2-item display where target and distractor stimuli were each flanked by a picture of a food or a non-food item. The behavioural data showed that performance was strongly affected by food cues, especially when food was held in WM compared to when the cues were merely identified. The temporal dynamics of electrophysiological measures of attention (the N1pc and N2pc) showed that the orienting of attention towards food stimuli was associated with two different mechanisms; an early stage of attentional suppression followed by a later stage of attentional orienting towards food stimuli. In contrast, non-food cues were associated only with the guidance of attention to or away from cued stimuli on valid and invalid trials. The results demonstrate that food items, perhaps due to their motivational significance modulate the early orienting of attention, including an initial suppressive response to food items.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom. Electronic address: skumar@brookes.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Higgs
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Femke
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rutters
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Glyn W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Humphreys
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000070379:Attentional Bias / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Attention; Event related potentials; Food and non-food cues; N2pc; Working memory