title: Effects of borneol on the pharmacokinetics of 9-nitrocamptothecin encapsulated in PLGA nanoparticles with different size via oral administration.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although nanocarriers provide promising potential for oral drug delivery, the delivery efficiency remains unsatisfactory and needs to be improved. Size is considered to be the most important characteristic of nanoparticles related to their oral absorption. Borneol has been proved to have the ability to enhance the penetration and transport of many drugs through various physical barriers.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of the particle size and coadministration of borneol on the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of entrapped drug in different size poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles.
  
  
  METHODS
  9-Nitrocamptothecin (9-NC)-loaded PLGA nanoparticles with three different range of size (50-100 nm, 100-200 nm, 200-300 nm) were prepared by emulsion solvent-evaporation method. The pharmacokinetic study in rats of these nanoparticles with borneol was carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The experiments showed that the encapsulation drug in nanoparticles with size below 200 nm could improve the oral bioavailability of 9-NC. The small size nanoparticles (50-100 nm) had a better improvement efficacy. As for borneol, it played a significant promotion effect only on the small nanoparticles. Moreover, there was no significant influence on the nanoparticles with size more than 100 nm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study indicated that both entrapping drug in nanoparticles with the size below 100 nm and coadministrating with borneol could enhance the gastrointestinal absorption of water insoluble drug. The combination of the two strategies provides a potential approach to improve the oral bioavailability of drug.
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China and.
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ru
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China and.
authors.forename: Limei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China and.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qing
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China and.
authors.forename: Jianyong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China and.
authors.forename: Ruixiang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: b School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai , China.
authors.forename: Mingfeng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: a Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Shanghai , China and.
authors.forename: Jianxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D001892:Camphanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D004655:Emulsions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D001892:Camphanes; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004655:Emulsions; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; C079905:rubitecan; C022871:isoborneol; D002166:Camptothecin
keywords: 9-Nitrocamptothecin; PLGA nanoparticles; borneol; particle size; pharmacokinetics