title: Species Distribution and In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility of Vulvovaginal Candida Isolates in China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) was a common infection associated with lifelong harassment of woman's social and sexual life. The purpose of this study was to describe the species distribution and in vitroCandidaCandida spp.) isolated from patients with VVC over 8 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Species which isolated from patients with VVC in Peking University First Hospital were identified using chromogenic culture media. Susceptibility to common antifungal agents was determined using agar diffusion method based on CLSI M44-A2 document. SPSS software (version 14.0, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used for statistical analysis, involving statistical description and Chi-square test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common strains were Candida (C.) albicans, 80.5% (n = 1775) followed by C. glabrata, 18.1% (n = 400). Nystatin exhibited excellent activity against all species (<4% resistant [R]). Resistance to azole drugs varied among different species. C. albicans: clotrimazole (3.1% R) < fluconazole (16.6% R) < itraconazole (51.5% R) < miconazole (54.0% R); C. glabrata: miconazole (25.6% R) < clotrimazole (50.5% R) < itraconazole (61.9% R) < fluconazole (73.3% R); Candida krusei: clotrimazole (0 R) < fluconazole (57.7% R) < miconazole (73.1% R) < itraconazole (83.3% R). The susceptibility of fluconazole was noticeably decreasing among all species in the study period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nystatin was the optimal choice for the treatment of VVC at present. The species distribution and in vitroCandida spp. isolated from patients with VVC had changed over time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: Feng-Juan
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: Zhao-Hui
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Xiang
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: Hui-Hui
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: Han-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D002181:Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal / Q000382:microbiology*; D002681:China; D003022:Clotrimazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D005260:Female; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D008825:Miconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D017964:Itraconazole; D008825:Miconazole; D015725:Fluconazole; D003022:Clotrimazole