title: Caregiving on the Hopi Reservation: Findings from the 2012 Hopi Survey of Cancer and Chronic Disease.
abstract: A family caregiver provides unpaid assistance to a family member/friend with a chronic disease, illness or disability. The caregiving process can affect a caregiver's quality of life by reducing time for themselves, for other family members and for work. The 2000 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey estimates that 16 % of adult American Indians (AIs) are caregivers. A 2012 survey collected knowledge and personal experience data from a random sample of Hopi men and women (248 men and 252 women). Self-identified caregivers answered questions on time spent caregiving, caregiver difficulties and services requested. Approximately 20 % of the 500 Hopi participants self-identified as caregivers (N = 98), with 56 % female. Caregivers in contrast to non-caregivers had a lower percentage of ever having a mammogram (86, 89 %), a higher percentage of ever having had a Pap smear test (89.1, 85.6 %), a prostate specific antigen test (35, 30.6 %) and ever having had a colonoscopy (51.2, 44 %). Almost 21 % of caregivers reported difficulty with stress and 49 % reported it as their greatest caregiver difficulty. More males (28.6 %) identified financial burden as the greatest difficulty than females (p = 0.01). Training on patient care was the service that caregivers would like to receive most (18.2 %). The percentage of Hopi's providing caregiving was similar to national averages, although among men, was somewhat higher than national data (44 vs. 34 %). Stress was identified as a difficulty, similar to national studies.
authors.affiliation: Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. felina@email.arizona.edu.|Department of Family and Community Medicine, Native American Research and Training Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. felina@email.arizona.edu.
authors.forename: Felina M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Cordova
authors.affiliation: Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Skin Cancer Institute, Arizona Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin, Room A234, PO Box 24521, Tucson, AZ, 85724-5163, USA.
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: B Harris
authors.affiliation: Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
authors.forename: Nicolette I
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Teufel-Shone
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Peyton
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: L Nisson
authors.affiliation: Hopi Department of Health and Human Services, The Hopi Tribe, Kykotsmovi, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Lori
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Joshweseoma
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave, PO Box 245211, Tucson, AZ, 85724-5163, USA.
authors.forename: Sylvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: R Brown
authors.affiliation: Health Sciences Department, College of Health and Human Services, Student and Academic Center, Northern Arizona University, 1100 South Beaver Street #15095, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011-15095, USA.
authors.forename: Priscilla R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Sanderson
authors.affiliation: Hopi Cancer Support Services, Kykotsmovi, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Delores
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ami
authors.affiliation: Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Kathylnn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saboda
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, 1301 Akron Avenue, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: M Mastergeorge
authors.affiliation: Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Arizona Respiratory Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: B Gerald
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017028:Caregivers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms; D011788:Quality of Life
keywords: American Indian; Cancer; Cancer screening; Caregiver; Caregiving; Health disparities; Reservation