title: Fate of pharmaceuticals and pesticides in fly larvae composting.
abstract: A novel and efficient organic waste management strategy currently gaining great attention is fly larvae composting. High resource recovery efficiency can be achieved in this closed-looped system, but pharmaceuticals and pesticides in waste could potentially accumulate in every loop of the treatment system and spread to the environment. This study evaluated the fate of three pharmaceuticals (carbamazepine, roxithromycin, trimethoprim) and two pesticides (azoxystrobin, propiconazole) in a fly larvae composting system and in a control treatment with no larvae. It was found that the half-life of all five substances was shorter in the fly larvae compost (<10% of control) and no bioaccumulation was detected in the larvae. Fly larvae composting could thus impede the spread of pharmaceuticals and pesticides into the environment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Electronic address: cecilia.lalander@slu.se.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lalander
authors.affiliation: Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Senecal
authors.affiliation: Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gros Calvo
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ahrens
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Josefsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wiberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vinnerås
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D000076282:Composting / Q000379:methods*; D004175:Diptera / Q000378:metabolism*; D006207:Half-Life; D007814:Larva / Q000378:metabolism*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000378:metabolism*; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000378:metabolism*; D013548:Sweden
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations
keywords: Black soldier flies; Half-life decay; Hermetia illucens; Nutrient recycling; Pesticides; Pharmaceuticals