title: Catheter ablation of idiopathic right ventricular arrhythmias in children with limited fluoroscopy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Definitive therapy of idiopathic right ventricular arrhythmias (VA) remains a challenge in interventional electrophysiology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of EnSite Velocity system in the catheter ablation of RV tachycardia in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five children with idiopathic right VA underwent catheter ablation procedure using the EnSite Velocity system guidance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean patient age was 12.0 ± 3.7 years and the mean patient weight was 43.6 ± 18.7 kg. The origin of right VA was divided into right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) (30 patients) and other right ventricular localizations (five patients). The mean procedure and fluoroscopy times were 175 ± 67 min and 2.35 ± 1.89 min, respectively. No fluoroscopy was used in 19 patients. Acute success was achieved in 29 patients (83 %). The focus of VA was epicardial in three failed procedures. Cryocatheter (6-mm or 8-mm tip) was used in six patients, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) (4-mm or 8-mm tip) in 26 patients, and 4-mm tip irrigated RFA in three patients. During a mean follow-up of 15.9 ± 7.1 months, ventricular tachycardia recurred in six patients (20 %). There were three complications (transient atrioventricular block developed in one patient during parahissian cryoablation and two patients developed transient complete right bundle branch block).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Catheter ablation of idiopathic right VA in children can be performed safely and effectively with limited fluoroscopy using the EnSite Velocity system.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric and Genetic Arrhythmia Center, Pediatric Cardiology, Istanbul Medipol University, TEM Avrupa Otoyolu Goztepe Cikisi, No 1, Bagcilar, 14, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Celal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Akdeniz
authors.affiliation: Pediatric and Genetic Arrhythmia Center, Pediatric Cardiology, Istanbul Medipol University, TEM Avrupa Otoyolu Goztepe Cikisi, No 1, Bagcilar, 14, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Enes Elvin
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Gul
authors.affiliation: Pediatric and Genetic Arrhythmia Center, Pediatric Cardiology, Istanbul Medipol University, TEM Avrupa Otoyolu Goztepe Cikisi, No 1, Bagcilar, 14, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nida
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.affiliation: Pediatric and Genetic Arrhythmia Center, Pediatric Cardiology, Istanbul Medipol University, TEM Avrupa Otoyolu Goztepe Cikisi, No 1, Bagcilar, 14, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karacan
authors.affiliation: Pediatric and Genetic Arrhythmia Center, Pediatric Cardiology, Istanbul Medipol University, TEM Avrupa Otoyolu Goztepe Cikisi, No 1, Bagcilar, 14, Istanbul, Turkey. vtuzcu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Volkan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tuzcu
mesh_terms: D018780:Body Surface Potential Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Catheter ablation; Children; EnSite Velocity; Ventricular arrhythmia