title: Comparison of the single-lumen endotracheal tube and double-lumen endobronchial tube used in minimally invasive cardiac surgery for the fast track protocol.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) has been more commonly performed due to the reduced amount of bleeding and transfusion and length of hospital stay. We investigated the feasibility of performing MICS using single-lumen endotracheal tube (SLT).
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective review of clinical data of 112 patients who underwent MICS between July 2012 and March 2015. The patients underwent MICS using a SLT or a double lumen endotracheal tube (DLT). The duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay and mechanical ventilation were recorded and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 96 patients, 50 were intubated with a SLT and 46 were intubated with a DLT. Anesthetic induction to skin incision time, surgical time and total anesthetic time were significant decreased in the SLT group (P<0.05). However, there was no difference in the duration of ICU stay and mechanical ventilation, and the incidence of extubation in operation room between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Comparing with insertion of a SLT, insertion of a DLT provided equivalent duration of ICU stay and mechanical ventilation after the MICS. Therefore, the type of inserted endotracheal tube would not influence on failure of the fast track protocol and insertion of a SLT is feasible and could be an alternative method to a DLT.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 2 Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, 20, Geumo-ro, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeumeup, Yangsan 626-770, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 2 Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, 20, Geumo-ro, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeumeup, Yangsan 626-770, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 2 Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, 20, Geumo-ro, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeumeup, Yangsan 626-770, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung Gon
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Je
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 2 Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, 20, Geumo-ro, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeumeup, Yangsan 626-770, Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Kyun
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 2 Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, 20, Geumo-ro, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeumeup, Yangsan 626-770, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 2 Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, 20, Geumo-ro, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeumeup, Yangsan 626-770, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hye
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 2 Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, 20, Geumo-ro, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeumeup, Yangsan 626-770, Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Ji
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
keywords: Cardiac surgical procedure; endotracheal intubation; fast track; minimally invasive surgery