title: Introducing a new scoring system for pap smear in the detection of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in pregnancy (The Luebeck Score).
abstract: To construct a scoring system for pap smears to objectify cytological appraisal and to enhance the accuracy and comparability of pap smear interpretation in pregnancy.
  
  
  
  For development of a scoring system for cell appraisal of pap smears the style of the Modified Masood's Scoring Index for appraisal of cells from fine needle aspirations of breast lesions was used. Cohort analysis of n = 54 dysplastic pap smears for polymorphology of cells, anisonucleosis, structure of the nucleus, signs of tissue destruction, nucleus/plasma relation and signs of tumordiathesis. Each criteria was classified into three stages: The first with little evidence for dysplasia (one point), second stage with sporadic evidence (two points) or third stage with frequent evidence (three points). To further evaluate if pregnancy associated cells changes interfere with this scoring system we compared the results of pregnant and non-pregnant women. Histological result was used as an indicator of correctness of the score.
  
  
  
  Statistical analysis showed a good correlation of the scoring system with histological results. Especially in pregnancy statistical analysis shows promising results (sensitivity 86.67 %, Specificity 100 %, receiver operating characteristic analysis p ≤ 0.05).
  
  
  
  The Luebeck Score seems to be a useful approach for appraisal of pap smears in pregnancy. Further studies containing high numbers of cases are needed for further evaluation of potential benefits of the scoring system compared to conventional evaluation of pap smears.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Schleswig- Holstein University, Campus Lübeck Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany. Kay.Neumann@uksh.de.
authors.forename: Kay
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Schleswig- Holstein University, Campus Lübeck Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barop
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Schleswig- Holstein University, Campus Lübeck Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cirkel
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Schleswig- Holstein University, Campus Lübeck Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Achim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rody
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Schleswig- Holstein University, Campus Lübeck Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Beyer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D065006:Papanicolaou Test / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D065310:Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Cervix / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D014626:Vaginal Smears / Q000379:methods*