title: Understanding the influence of phosphorylation and polysialylation of gelatin on mineralization and osteogenic differentiation.
abstract: Post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation and sialylation impart crucial functions such as mineral deposition and osteogenic differentiation to non-collagenous bone matrix proteins. In this work, the influence of phosphorylation and polysialylation of gelatin on mineralization in simulated body fluid (SBF) and on osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) was studied. It was observed that increase in phosphorylation could be directly correlated with the mineralization ability of phosphorylated gelatin in SBF. The total calcium and phosphate deposited increased with increase in degree of phosphorylation and was >3 fold higher on the highest degree of phosphorylation. Whereas, polysialylation did not have any significant influence on mineral deposition in SBF. On the other hand, when MSCs were cultured on polysialylated surfaces they showed relatively higher cell elongation with 1.5 fold higher cell aspect ratio, higher alkaline phosphatase activity and 3 fold higher mineral deposition when compared to control and phosphorylated gelatin surfaces. In conclusion, phosphorylation and polysialylation of gelatin show a significant influence on mineralization and osteogenic differentiation respectively which can be advantageously used for bone tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology - Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Aditya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arora
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology - Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India. Electronic address: dsk@iitk.ac.in.
authors.forename: Dhirendra S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Katti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005780:Gelatin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D010766:Phosphorylation
chemical_list: D005780:Gelatin
keywords: Gelatin; Mineralization; Osteogenic differentiation; Phosphorylation; Polysialylation