title: A Nonlinear Framework of Delayed Particle Smoothing Method for Vehicle Localization under Non-Gaussian Environment.
abstract: In this paper, a novel nonlinear framework of smoothing method, non-Gaussian delayed particle smoother (nGDPS), is proposed, which enables vehicle state estimation (VSE) with high accuracy taking into account the non-Gaussianity of the measurement and process noises. Within the proposed method, the multivariate Student's t-distribution is adopted in order to compute the probability distribution function (PDF) related to the process and measurement noises, which are assumed to be non-Gaussian distributed. A computation approach based on Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) is designed to cope with the mean and the covariance matrix of the proposal non-Gaussian distribution. A delayed Gibbs sampling algorithm, which incorporates smoothing of the sampled trajectories over a fixed-delay, is proposed to deal with the sample degeneracy of particles. The performance is investigated based on the real-world data, which is collected by low-cost on-board vehicle sensors. The comparison study based on the real-world experiments and the statistical analysis demonstrates that the proposed nGDPS has significant improvement on the vehicle state accuracy and outperforms the existing filtering and smoothing methods.
authors.affiliation: College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China. zhxiao@hnu.edu.cn.|State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China. zhxiao@hnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China. havincent14@hnu.edu.cn.|Department of Applied Sciences, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 6983 Bujumbura, Burundi. havincent14@hnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Havyarimana
authors.affiliation: College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China. litong@hnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China. wangd@hnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
keywords: Ensemble Kalman Filter; fixed-delay smoothing; non-Gaussian noise; particle filter; vehicle localization