title: The efficacy of oral anticholinergics for sympathetic overactivity in a thoracic surgery clinic.
abstract: Little is known of the success rates of oral anticholinergics for the treatment of primary hyperhidrosis and facial blushing as alternatives to surgical intervention. We examine predictors of success with these medications.
  
  
  
  A retrospective review was performed at a single institution, including all patients presenting with symptoms of primary hyperhidrosis, facial blushing, or both from 2004 to 2015. All patients were offered a trial of oral anticholinergics. If oral anticholinergic therapy was not successful, patients were offered surgery. Statistical analyses were performed to compare patients who declined surgery given the trial of oral anticholinergics with those who proceeded with surgery.
  
  
  
  A total of 381 patients presented with symptoms of primary hyperhidrosis (86.6%), facial blushing (2.4%), or both (11.0%). A total of 230 patients (60.4%) declined surgery after using oral anticholinergics, and 151 patients (39.6%) chose surgery. Patients who declined surgery were more likely to have symptoms of primary hyperhidrosis without facial blushing (89.6% vs 82.1%; P = .02) or have primary symptoms involving the axilla, torso, scalp, or groin. Patients who proceeded with surgery had higher rates of palmar symptoms as a primary site (77.6% vs 61.1%; P = .01) and were more likely to have facial blushing alone or in combination with primary hyperhidrosis. Presentation with palmar symptoms and greater number of prior therapy attempts were independent predictors of proceeding with surgery after controlling for concomitant symptom type and location (P = .01 and P < .0001, respectively).
  
  
  
  The majority of patients presenting with sympathetic overactivity decline surgery when a trial of oral anticholinergics is included in the treatment algorithm. Facial blushing and palmar symptoms were each associated with choosing surgery.
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Conor F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Hynes
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Sulakshana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seevaratnam
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Krisana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gesuwan
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Margolis
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC. Electronic address: conor.f.hynes@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M Blair
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Marshall
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D002755:Choice Behavior; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D019091:Critical Pathways; D005260:Female; D005483:Flushing / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D006024:Glycopyrrolate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D006945:Hyperhidrosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D010044:Outpatient Clinics, Hospital; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013546:Sweating / Q000187:drug effects*; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D006024:Glycopyrrolate
keywords: complications; hyperhidrosis; surgery; sympathectomy; sympathotomy