title: Viral Infections in Neonates with Suspected Late-Onset Bacterial Sepsis-A Prospective Cohort Study.
abstract: ObjectiveThe aim of our study was to evaluate the occurrence of viral infections in infants with suspected late-onset bacterial sepsis in a neonatal intensive care unit.MethodsIn a prospective study, infants with suspected late-onset bacterial sepsis underwent viral testing alongside routine blood culture sampling. Using a multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, nasopharyngeal aspirates were analyzed for adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza virus A and B, H1N1 virus, parainfluenza virus 1 to 4, metapneumovirus, coronavirus, and picornavirus. Stools were examined for adenovirus, rotavirus, norovirus, and enterovirus.ResultsBetween August 2010 and March 2014, data of 88 infants with 137 episodes of suspected late-onset bacterial sepsis were analyzed. Six infants were diagnosed with a respiratory viral infection (2 × RSV, 4 × picornavirus). Blood culture-proven bacterial sepsis was detected in 15 infants. Neither viral-bacterial coinfections nor polymerase chain reaction positive stool samples were found.ConclusionRespiratory viruses can be detected in a considerable number of neonates with suspected late-onset bacterial sepsis. In contrast, gastrointestinal viral or enterovirus infections appear uncommon in such cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kidszun
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Isabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schmeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Britta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gröndahl
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gehring
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knuf
authors.affiliation: Institute for Virology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Weise
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mildenberger
mesh_terms: D000258:Adenovirus Infections, Human / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000071997:Blood Culture; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D000067562:Late Onset Disorders; D008297:Male; D060885:Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000821:virology; D000071074:Neonatal Sepsis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018184:Paramyxoviridae Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D010850:Picornaviridae Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*