title: Therapeutic anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies: from bench to bedside.
abstract: The induction of tolerance is a major goal of immunotherapy. Investigations over the last 20 years have shown that anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) effectively treat autoimmune disease in animal models and have also shown promise in clinical trials. Tolerance induction by anti-CD3 mAbs is related to the induction of Tregs that control pathogenic autoimmune responses. Here, we review preclinical and clinical studies in which intravenous or mucosal administration of anti-CD3 mAbs has been employed and provide an outlook on future developments to enhance the efficacy of this promising therapeutic approach.
authors.affiliation: Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.affiliation: Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Howard L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Weiner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D017252:CD3 Complex
keywords: Tregs; Type 1 diabetes; autoimmune diseases; foralumab; immune tolerance; immunotherapy; monoclonal CD3 antibodies; otelixizumab; teplizumab; visilizumab