title: Influence of Lipophilicity on the Toxicity of Bisphenol A and Phthalates to Aquatic Organisms.
abstract: Bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates are among the most popular plasticizers used today and have been reported ubiquitously in surface water, ground water, and sediment. For aquatic organisms, BPA was the most toxic (96 h LC50s) to aquatic invertebrates (0.96-2.70 mg/L) and less toxic to fish (6.8-17.9 mg/L). The toxicity of BPA to amphibians differed among developmental stages, with embryos having an LC50 of 4.6-6.8 mg/L and juveniles 0.50-1.4 mg/L. The toxicity of phthalates is affected by aromatic ring substitution, alkyl chain length, and metabolism. The toxicity (96 h LC50s) of phthalates was similar to aquatic invertebrates (0.46-377 mg/L) and fish (0.48-121 mg/L). In general, the toxicity of phthalates appears to be highest around a log KOW of 6, which corresponds to the highest potential for bioconcentration and bioaccumulation. In conclusion, the lipophilicity of BPA and phthalates influence their toxicity to aquatic species.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department, Royal Military College of Canada, P.O. Box 17 000, Stn Forces, Kingston, ON, K7K 7B4, Canada.
authors.forename: Justine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mathieu-Denoncourt
authors.affiliation: Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department, Royal Military College of Canada, P.O. Box 17 000, Stn Forces, Kingston, ON, K7K 7B4, Canada.
authors.forename: Sarah J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.affiliation: Wildlife and Landscape Science Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, ON, L7R 4A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Shane R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: de Solla
authors.affiliation: Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department, Royal Military College of Canada, P.O. Box 17 000, Stn Forces, Kingston, ON, K7K 7B4, Canada. valerie.langlois@rmc.ca.
authors.forename: Valerie S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Langlois
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D059001:Aquatic Organisms; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D005399:Fishes; D007448:Invertebrates; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity*; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000633:toxicity*; D010968:Plasticizers / Q000633:toxicity*; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D010636:Phenols; D010795:Phthalic Acids; D010968:Plasticizers; C032279:phthalic acid; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: Aquatic species; Bisphenol A; Lethal concentration; Phthalate; Toxicity