title: Biochemical investigation of the toxic effects of acrylamide administration during pregnancy on the liver of mother and fetus and the protective role of vitamin E.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the toxic effects occurring in the liver tissues of the pregnant rats and the fetuses, which are administered acrylamide and vitamin E as a protector during pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This research was conducted with the permission of Laboratory Animals Ethical Board of Inonu University Faculty of Medicine. Forty rats, of which their pregnancy is validated via vaginal smear, were distributed into five different groups. On the 20th day of pregnancy, pregnant rats and fetuses are decapitated. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and xanthine oxidase (XO) levels were measured in the liver samples taken from mother and fetuses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was detected that acrylamide administered during pregnancy increased MDA, TOS, XO levels statistically significantly and decreased the GSH level (p ≤ 0.05) in the pregnant rat liver tissue when compared to all other groups. In the vitamin E administered group; GSH, TAS levels significantly increased statistically and TOS and XO levels dropped to levels of the control group (p ≤ 0.05), in comparison to all other groups. Among all groups, no biochemical changes were observed in the fetus liver tissue (p > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The liver of pregnant rats functions as a protective pre-filter by detoxifying acrylamide effectively and the acrylamide that reaches fetus liver is detoxified by the cytochrome P-450 system of the fetus liver. To be able to figure out the biochemical mechanism, more advanced studies are needed.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Biochemistry , Medical Faculty, Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Erman
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Erdemli
authors.affiliation: b Department of Medical Biochemistry , Medical Faculty, Karabuk University , Karabuk , Turkey.
authors.forename: Eyup
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Altinoz
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Biochemistry , Medical Faculty, Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey.
authors.forename: Zeynep
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Aksungur
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Biochemistry , Medical Faculty, Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey.
authors.forename: Yusuf
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Turkoz
authors.affiliation: c Department of Anatomy , Medical Faculty, Adıyaman University , Adıyaman , Turkey , and.
authors.forename: Zumrut
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dogan
authors.affiliation: d Department of Biostatistics , Medical Faculty, Inonu University , Malatya , Turkey.
authors.forename: Harika
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gozukara Bag
mesh_terms: D020106:Acrylamide / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009035:Mothers; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014810:Vitamin E; D020106:Acrylamide
keywords: Acrylamide; liver; oxidative stress; pregnant rat; vitamin E