title: An Aqueous Extract of Tuberaria lignosa Inhibits Cell Growth, Alters the Cell Cycle Profile, and Induces Apoptosis of NCI-H460 Tumor Cells.
abstract: Tuberaria lignosa (Sweet) Samp. is found in European regions, and has antioxidant properties due to its composition in ascorbic acid and phenolic compounds. Given its traditional use and antioxidant properties, the tumor cell growth inhibitory potential of aqueous extracts from T. lignosa (prepared by infusion and decoction) was investigated in three human tumor cell lines: MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), NCI-H460 (non-small cell lung cancer), and HCT-15 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma). Both extracts inhibited the growth of these cell lines; the most potent one being the T. lignosa extract obtained by infusion in the NCI-H460 cells (GI50 of approximately 50 μg/mL). Further assays were carried out with this extract in NCI-H460 cells. At 100 μg/mL or 150 μg/mL it caused an increase in the percentage of cells in the G0/G1 phase and a decrease of cells in S phase of the cell cycle. Additionally, these concentrations caused an increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells. In agreement, a decrease in total poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and pro-caspase 3 levels was found. In conclusion, the T. lignosa extract obtained by infusion was more potent in NCI-H460 cells, altering the cell cycle progression and inducing apoptosis. This work highlights the importance of T. lignosa as a source of bioactive compounds with tumor cell growth inhibitory potential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, FFUP-Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal. joanita_12@live.com.pt.
authors.forename: Joana M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. vrodrigues@ipatimup.pt.|Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. vrodrigues@ipatimup.pt.|ICBAS-UP-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto 4050-313, Portugal. vrodrigues@ipatimup.pt.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lopes-Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. cristinax@ipatimup.pt.|Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. cristinax@ipatimup.pt.
authors.forename: Cristina P R
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Xavier
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, FFUP-Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal. mjpclima@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M João
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. rlima@ipatimup.pt.|Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. rlima@ipatimup.pt.|Department of Pathology and Oncology, FMUP-Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto 4200-319, Portugal. rlima@ipatimup.pt.
authors.forename: Raquel T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Apartado 1172, Bragança 5301-855, Portugal. iferreira@ipb.pt.
authors.forename: Isabel C F R
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, FFUP-Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal. hvasconcelos@ipatimup.pt.|i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. hvasconcelos@ipatimup.pt.|Cancer Drug Resistance Group, IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. hvasconcelos@ipatimup.pt.
authors.forename: M Helena
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D029562:Magnoliaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D053148:Caspase 3
keywords: H460 tumor cell line; T. lignosa extracts; apoptosis; cell cycle; inhibition of tumor cell growth