title: Common Neurogenetic Diagnosis and Meso-Limbic Manipulation of Hypodopaminergic Function in Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS): Changing the Recovery Landscape.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In 1990, Blum and associates provided the first confirmed genetic link between the DRD2 polymorphisms and alcoholism. This finding was based on an earlier conceptual framework, which served as a blueprint for their seminal genetic association discovery they termed "Brain Reward Cascade." These findings were followed by a new way of understanding all addictive behaviors (substance and non-substance) termed "Reward Deficiency Syndrome" (RDS). RDS incorporates a complex multifaceted array of inheritable behaviors that are polygenic.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this review article, we attempt to clarify these terms and provide a working model to accurately diagnose and treat these unwanted behaviors.
  
  
  METHODS
  We are hereby proposing the development of a translational model we term "Reward Deficiency Solution System™" that incorporates neurogenetic testing and meso-limbic manipulation of a "hypodopaminergic" trait/state, which provides dopamine agonistic therapy (DAT) as well as reduced "dopamine resistance," while embracing "dopamine homeostasis."
  
  
  RESULTS
  The result is better recovery and relapse prevention, despite DNA antecedents, which could impact the recovery process and relapse. Understanding the commonality of mental illness will transform erroneous labeling based on symptomatology, into a genetic and anatomical etiology. WC: 184.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry & McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Box 100183 Gainesville, FL, USA 32610-0183.
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blum
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Febo
authors.forename: Rajendra D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Badgaiyan
authors.forename: Zsolt
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Demetrovics
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Simpatico
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fahlke
authors.forename: Oscar-Berman
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: M
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dushaj
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Gold
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008032:Limbic System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D012201:Reward
chemical_list: D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D004298:Dopamine