title: PI3K p110β isoform synergizes with JNK in the regulation of glioblastoma cell proliferation and migration through Akt and FAK inhibition.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Glioblastoma multiforme is the most aggressive malignant primary brain tumor, characterized by rapid growth and extensive infiltration to neighboring normal brain parenchyma. Both PI3K/Akt and JNK pathways are essential to glioblastoma cell survival, migration and invasion. Due to their hyperactivation in glioblastoma cells, PI3K and JNK are promising targets for glioblastoma treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  To investigate the combination effects of class IA PI3K catalytic isoforms (p110α, p110β and p110δ) and JNK inhibition on tumor cell growth and motility, glioblastoma cells and xenografts in nude mice were treated with isoform-selective PI3K inhibitors in combination with JNK inhibitor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We showed that combined inhibition of these PI3K isoforms and JNK exerted divergent effects on the proliferation, migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells in vitro. Pharmacological inhibition of p110β or p110δ, but not p110α, displayed synergistic inhibitory effect with JNK inhibition on glioblastoma cell proliferation and migration through decreasing phosphorylation of Akt, FAK and zyxin, leading to blockade of lamellipodia and membrane ruffles formation. No synergistic effect on invasion was observed in all the combination treatment. In vivo, combination of p110β and JNK inhibitors significantly reduced xenograft tumor growth compared with single inhibitor alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Concurrent inhibition of p110β and JNK exhibited synergistic effects on suppressing glioblastoma cell proliferation and migration in vitro and xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Our data suggest that combined inhibition of PI3K p110β isoform and JNK may serve as a potent and promising therapeutic approach for glioblastoma multiforme.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.|Department of Neurosurgery and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University 1st Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
authors.forename: Hua-Fu
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.|Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou First People's Hospital, Huizhou, 516003, China.
authors.forename: Hao-Ran
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China. chenzhp@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Zhong-Ping
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China. tony.to@polyu.edu.hk.
authors.forename: Shing-Shun Tony
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: To
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; C496050:PTK2 protein, human
keywords: Glioblastoma; JNK; Migration; PI3K; Proliferation; Synergism; p110β