title: Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Recurrent Prostate Cancer.
abstract: There is growing consensus that multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is an effective modality in the detection of locally recurrent prostate cancer after prostatectomy and radiation therapy. The emergence of magnetic resonance (MR)-guided focal therapies, such as cryoablation, high-intensity focused ultrasound, and laser ablation, have made the use of mpMRI even more important, as the normal anatomy is inevitably altered and the detection of recurrence is made more difficult. The aim of this article is to review the utility of mpMRI in detecting recurrent prostate cancer in patients following radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, and focal therapy and to discuss expected post-treatment mpMRI findings, the varied appearance of recurrent tumors, and their mimics.
authors.affiliation: *Molecular Imaging Program, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD †Department of Radiology, George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC ‡Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Ankara, Turkey §Laboratory of Pathology, NCI ¶Center for Interventional Oncology, NCI and Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center ||Urologic Oncology Branch, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD.
authors.forename: Francesca V
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Mertan
authors.forename: Matthew D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Greer
authors.forename: Sam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Borofsky
authors.forename: Ismail M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Kabakus
authors.forename: Maria J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Merino
authors.forename: Bradford J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Peter L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Choyke
authors.forename: Baris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Turkbey
mesh_terms: D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016896:Treatment Outcome