title: PMK-S005 Alleviates Age-Related Gastric Acid Secretion, Inflammation, and Oxidative Status in the Rat Stomach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the synthetic S-allyl-L-cysteine (SAC) PMK-S005 on gastric acid secretion, inflammation, and antioxidant enzymes in aging rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The rats were divided into four groups at 31 weeks of age and were continuously fed a diet containing a vehicle control, PMK-S005 (5 or 10 mg/kg), or lansoprazole (5 mg/kg). Gastric acid secretion and connective tissue thickness of the lamina propria were evaluated at 74 weeks and 2 years of age. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and COX-2 levels were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) or Western blot assays. Levels of antioxidant enzymes, including heme oxyganase 1 (HO-1) and
  quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1), were also measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As the rats aged, gastric acid secretion significantly decreased, and the connective tissue of the lamina propria increased. However, 74-week-old rats in the PMK-S005 group exhibited greater levels of gastric acid secretion than those of the control and lansoprazole groups. The increase of TNF-α, IL-1β, and COX- 2 expression in 74-week and 2-year-old control rats were inhibited by PMK-S005. In addition, the decrease in HO-1 and NQO-1 protein expression that occurred with aging was inhibited by PMK-S005 in the 74-week-old rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that PMK-S005 has therapeutic potential as an antiaging agent to ameliorate age-related gastric acid secretion, inflammation, and oxidative stress in the stomach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon Jeong
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.|Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Nayoung
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Ju Yup
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Ryoung Hee
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hyung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Sun Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Hee
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ham
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Kwang
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Yo Han
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Chan
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Seung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.|Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Ho
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000032:analysis; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D005756:Gastritis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D013270:Stomach / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; C000594566:PMK-S005; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2
keywords: Aging; Anti-inflammation; Antioxidants; Gastric acid; s-allyl-L-cysteine