title: The burden of prostatic calculi is more important than the presence.
abstract: Prostatic calculi are a common finding on transrectal prostate ultrasound. However, it remains unclear whether they are significantly associated with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Our objective was to evaluate the association between prostatic calculi and LUTS with a focus on "calculi burden" because no studies have investigated prostatic calculi using "calculi burden" as an indicator. A total of 606 participants who received transrectal prostate ultrasound were divided into two groups according to the presence of prostatic calculi. "Calculi burden" was defined as the sum of the transverse diameters of all visible calculi within the prostate. The International Prostatic Symptom Score (IPSS) and a quality of life (QoL) score were collected. Both groups were compared, and a multivariate analysis was performed to predict moderate/severe LUTS. Linear correlation was evaluated between calculi burden and IPSS in the calculi group. No differences in total IPSS, voiding IPSS, or QoL score were detected between the two groups, but storage IPSS was significantly higher in the calculi group than that of controls. The multivariate analysis showed that the presence of prostatic calculi was not an independent predictor of moderate/severe LUTS. A positive linear correlation was detected between calculi burden and storage IPSS in calculi group (r = 0.148). However, no correlation was found between calculi burden and total IPSS, voiding IPSS, or QoL score. Our results showed that the presence of prostatic calculi was not a significant factor predicting moderate/severe LUTS. However, an increased calculi burden may be associated with aggravating storage symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kangnam General Hospital, Yongin, Korea.|Department of Family Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States.
authors.forename: Bumsoo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Seol Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002137:Calculi / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D017281:Cost of Illness; D006801:Humans; D059411:Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011469:Prostatic Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D011788:Quality of Life; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014554:Urination