title: The Ca2+-activated Cl- channel Ano1 controls microvilli length and membrane surface area in the oocyte.
abstract: Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) channels (CaCCs) play important physiological functions in epithelia and other tissues. In frog oocytes the CaCC Ano1 regulates resting membrane potential and the block to polyspermy. Here, we show that Ano1 expression increases the oocyte surface, revealing a novel function for Ano1 in regulating cell morphology. Confocal imaging shows that Ano1 increases microvilli length, which requires ERM-protein-dependent linkage to the cytoskeleton. A dominant-negative form of the ERM protein moesin precludes the Ano1-dependent increase in membrane area. Furthermore, both full-length and the truncated dominant-negative forms of moesin co-localize with Ano1 to the microvilli, and the two proteins co-immunoprecipitate. The Ano1-moesin interaction limits Ano1 lateral membrane mobility and contributes to microvilli scaffolding, therefore stabilizing larger membrane structures. Collectively, these results reveal a newly identified role for Ano1 in shaping the plasma membrane during oogenesis, with broad implications for the regulation of microvilli in epithelia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City - Qatar Foundation, Luqta Street, PO Box 24144, Doha 24144, Qatar.
authors.forename: Raphael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Courjaret
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City - Qatar Foundation, Luqta Street, PO Box 24144, Doha 24144, Qatar.
authors.forename: Rawad
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hodeify
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City - Qatar Foundation, Luqta Street, PO Box 24144, Doha 24144, Qatar.
authors.forename: Satanay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hubrack
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City - Qatar Foundation, Luqta Street, PO Box 24144, Doha 24144, Qatar.
authors.forename: Awab
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City - Qatar Foundation, Luqta Street, PO Box 24144, Doha 24144, Qatar.
authors.forename: Maya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dib
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City - Qatar Foundation, Luqta Street, PO Box 24144, Doha 24144, Qatar.
authors.forename: Sahar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Daas
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City - Qatar Foundation, Luqta Street, PO Box 24144, Doha 24144, Qatar Khm2002@qatar-med.cornell.edu.
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6215-2411
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Machaca
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018118:Chloride Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004848:Epithelium / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008871:Microvilli / Q000235:genetics; D009865:Oocytes / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D009866:Oogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D060066:Protein Interaction Maps / Q000235:genetics; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D018118:Chloride Channels; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; C559904:xANO2 protein, Xenopus; C071058:moesin
keywords: Ano1; ERM; Microvilli; Moesin; Xenopus oocyte