title: Inherent rhythm of smooth muscle cells in rat mesenteric arterioles: An eigensystem formulation.
abstract: On the basis of experimental data and mathematical equations in the literature, we remodel the ionic dynamics of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) as an eigensystem formulation, which is valid for investigating finite variations of variables from the equilibrium such as in common experimental operations. This algorithm provides an alternate viewpoint from frequency-domain analysis and enables one to probe functionalities of SMCs' rhythm by means of a resonance-related mechanism. Numerical results show three types of calcium oscillations of SMCs in mesenteric arterioles: spontaneous calcium oscillation, agonist-dependent calcium oscillation, and agonist-dependent calcium spike. For simple single and double SMCs, we demonstrate properties of synchronization among complex signals related to calcium oscillations, and show different correlation relations between calcium and voltage signals for various synchronization and resonance conditions. For practical cell clusters, our analyses indicate that the rhythm of SMCs could (1) benefit enhancements of signal communications among remote cells, (2) respond to a significant calcium peaking against transient stimulations for triggering globally oscillating modes, and (3) characterize the globally oscillating modes via frog-leap (non-molecular-diffusion) calcium waves across inhomogeneous SMCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, Republic of China.|Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
authors.forename: I Lin
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 West Flagler Street, EC 2674, Miami, Florida 33174, USA.
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moshkforoush
authors.affiliation: Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.|Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
authors.forename: Kwangseok
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.|Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
authors.forename: Gerald A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Meininger
authors.affiliation: Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.|Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 West Flagler Street, EC 2674, Miami, Florida 33174, USA.
authors.forename: Nikolaos M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Tsoukias
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Watson
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001160:Arterioles / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006339:Heart Rate; D016014:Linear Models; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000166:cytology*; D051381:Rats; D014661:Vasoconstriction