title: ACE-inhibitors versus angiotensin receptor blockers for prevention of events in cardiovascular patients without heart failure - A network meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are a valuable option to reduce cardiovascular (CV) mortality and morbidity in cardiac patients in whom ACE-inhibitors (ACE-Is) cannot be used. However, clinical outcome data from direct comparisons between ACE-Is and ARBs are scarce, and some data have recently suggested superiority of ACE-Is over ARBs.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a Bayesian network-meta-analysis, with data from both direct and indirect comparisons, from 27 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), including a total population of 125,330 patients, to assess the effects of ACE-Is and ARBs on the composite endpoint of CV death, myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke, and on all-cause death, new-onset heart failure (HF) and new-onset diabetes mellitus (DM) in high CV risk patients without HF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using placebo as a common comparator, we found no significant differences between ACE-Is and ARBs in preventing the composite endpoint of CV death, MI and stroke (RR: 0.92; 95% CI 0.78-1.08). When components of the composite outcome were analysed separately, ACEi and ARBs were associated with a similar risk of CV death (RR: 0.92; 95% CI 0.73-1.10), MI (RR: 0.91; 95% CI 0.78-1.07) and stroke (RR: 0.97; 95% CI 0.79-1.19), as well as a similar incident risk of all-cause death (RR: 0.94; 95% CI 0.85-1.05), new-onset HF (RR: 0.92; 95% CI 0.77-1.15) and new-onset DM (RR: 99; 95% CI 0.81-1.21).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With the limitations of indirect comparisons, we found that in patients at high CV risk without HF, ARBs were similar to ACE-Is in preventing the composite endpoint of CV death, MI and stroke. Compared with ARBs, we found no evidence of statistical superiority for ACE-Is, as a class, in preventing incident risk of all-cause death, CV death, MI, stroke, new-onset DM and new-onset HF.
authors.affiliation: University Cardiology Division, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ricci
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS-Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, (IS), Italy.
authors.forename: Augusto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Castelnuovo
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Division, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianluigi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Savarese
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Division, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Pasquale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perrone Filardi
authors.affiliation: University Cardiology Division, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Caterina
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000401:mortality* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D020521:Stroke / Q000401:mortality* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
keywords: ACE-inhibitors; Angiotensin receptor blockers; Cardiovascular risk; Network meta-analysis; Sartans