title: HLA-C Downmodulation by HIV-1 Vpu.
abstract: It is widely held that HIV-1 Nef downmodulates HLA-A and -B to protect infected cells from CD8(+) T cells but leaves HLA-C on the cell surface to inhibit NK cells. In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Apps et al. (2016) revise this model by showing that the Vpu protein of primary HIV-1 isolates downmodulate HLA-C.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, 1735 W. Harrison Street, 620 Cohn Building, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. Electronic address: edward_barker@rush.edu.
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.affiliation: Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, AIDS Vaccine Research Laboratory 585 Science Drive, Madison, WI 53711, USA.
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Evans
mesh_terms: D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; D015536:Down-Regulation; D015497:HIV-1; D015236:HLA-C Antigens; D006801:Humans; D054311:nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015236:HLA-C Antigens; D054311:nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus