title: Reducing Escherichia coli growth on a composite biomaterial by a surface immobilized antimicrobial peptide.
abstract: A new composite bioceramic consisting of calcium aluminum oxide (CaAlO) and hydroxyapatite (HA) was functionalized with the synthetic antimicrobial peptide Inverso-CysHHC10. CaAlO is a bioceramic that can be mold cast easily and quickly at room temperature. Improved functionality was previously achieved through surface reactions. Here, composites containing 0-5% HA (by mass) were prepared and the elastic modulus and modulus of rupture were mechanically similar to non-load bearing bone. The addition of hydroxyapatite resulted in increased osteoblast attachment (>180%) and proliferation (>140%) on all composites compared to 100% CaAlO. Antimicrobial peptide (AMP) immobilization was achieved using an interfacial alkene-thiol click reaction. The linked AMP persisted on the composite (>99.6% after 24h) and retained its activity against Escherichia coli based on N-phenylnaphthylamine uptake and bacterial turbidity tests. Overall, this simple scaffold system improves osteoblast activity and reduces bacterial activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA.
authors.forename: Gavin A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Buckholtz
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA.
authors.forename: Nina A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Reger
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Biomechanics Research Laboratory, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA.
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Anderton
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Biomechanics Research Laboratory, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA.
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Schimoler
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA.
authors.forename: Shana L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Roudebush
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA.
authors.forename: Wilson S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Biomechanics Research Laboratory, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA.
authors.forename: Mark C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA. Electronic address: gawalte@duq.edu.
authors.forename: Ellen S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Gawalt
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013499:Surface Properties; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D017610:Calcium Compounds; C035219:calcium aluminate; D017886:Durapatite
keywords: Antimicrobial peptide; Calcium aluminum oxide; Composites; Escherichia coli; Hydroxyapatite; Inverso-CysHHC10; Osteoblasts