title: Cardioprotective Effects of Combined Therapy with Hyperbaric Oxygen and Diltiazem Pretreatment on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we examined whether the combination of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and diltiazem therapy provided a cardioprotective effect on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham, IR, diltiazem (5 mg/kg), HBO (0.25 MPa, 60 min) and combination therapy (HBO plus diltiazem) groups. MIRI model was established by ligating the left anterior descending for 30 min, followed by 60 min of reperfusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results show that HBO and diltiazem preconditioning significantly improves cardiac function and myocardial infarction area, increases nitric oxide, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and ATPase (Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase) activity and decreases levels of oxygen stress, myocardial enzymes and endothelin-1. Notably, HBO and diltiazem preconditioning significantly increased Bcl-2 protein expression and decreased Bax protein and caspase-3 mRNA expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data indicate that combination therapy protected against heart MIRI by reducing oxygen stress damage, correcting energy metabolism, improving endothelial function and inhibiting cell apoptosis.
authors.forename: Chunxia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhihuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Nong
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Shaoling
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Guangwei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004110:Diltiazem / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D020011:Protective Agents; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D053148:Caspase 3; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D004110:Diltiazem