title: Phase diagram of a tubular vesicle adhering between two parallel rigid planes.
abstract: In this study, we propose a two-dimensional (2D) theoretical model to explore the adhesion behavior of a tubular vesicle adhering between two rigid planes, which are constrained by a couple of forces. Based upon the free-energy functional of the system, the equations for the equilibrium shape are derived. The general solution for the system with zero pressure is obtained analytically and the stability of the corresponding equilibrium shapes is tested by numerical simulation. With the volume constraint, three kinds of typical stable shapes are obtained through scanning the parameter space numerically. The phase diagram is obtained and it is occupied mostly by nonsymmetrical shapes. The force-displacement curves obtained for our model are in agreement with experimental results. The catastrophe of force is found at a critical state, which reveals a huge expanding force will act on the two planes by the vesicle. It also implies that vesicles can spontaneously squeeze into a slit only due to adhesion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China.|Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaohua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shumin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: College of Science, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaobo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Huawei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shengli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang