title: Color Doppler Ultrasound Imaging in the Assessment of Iliac Endofibrosis.
abstract: Endofibrosis (EF) of the iliac arteries is a flow-limiting condition typically seen in highly trained endurance athletes. Thirty-seven athletes (74 limbs) were referred to our department with suspected EF. All patients had a pre- and postexercise color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) of the iliac arteries. Doppler waveform and peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) were assessed pre- and postexercise. Endofibrosis was diagnosed with CDU in 24 athletes (29 limbs). Arterial wall and course abnormalities were detected at rest in 20 (67%) symptomatic limbs of athletes with and 4 (22%) symptomatic limbs of athletes without EF. Postexercise abnormal waveforms of the stenotic/damped type were seen in the iliac arteries in all 29 limbs of athletes diagnosed with EF. These waveform changes were accompanied by high PSV (>350 cm/s) and EDV (>150 cm/s), with (n = 10; 34%) or without (n = 19; 66%) the evidence of reduced arterial lumen caliber. Color Doppler ultrasound can be used to detect EF.
authors.affiliation: 1 St George's Vascular Institute, St George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: D'Abate
authors.affiliation: 2 Northern Vascular Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Kosmas I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Paraskevas
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Medical Physics, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Crispian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oates
authors.affiliation: 1 St George's Vascular Institute, St George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Palfreeman
authors.affiliation: 1 St George's Vascular Institute, St George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Hinchliffe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D056352:Athletes; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D006801:Humans; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color
keywords: Doppler ultrasound; Doppler waveforms; ankle–brachial pressure index; arterial remodeling; endofibrosis; iliac endofibrosis