title: A reduced propensity to cooperate under enhanced exploitation risk in a social mammal.
abstract: Conditional adjustment of cooperativeness to the expected pay-off might be a useful strategy to avoid being exploited in public good situations. Parental care provided towards all offspring in a communal nest (containing offspring of several females) resembles a public good. Females indiscriminately caring for all young share the costs equally, but the pay-off may vary depending on their contribution to the joint nest (number of own offspring). Females with fewer offspring in the joint nest will be exploited and overinvest relative to their contribution. We experimentally created a situation of high conflict in communally nursing house mice, by using a genetic tool to create a difference in birth litter sizes. Females in the high conflict situation (unequal litter sizes at birth) showed a reduced propensity to give birth as part of a communal nest, therefore adjusting their cooperativeness to the circumstances.
authors.affiliation: Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich manuela.ferrari@ieu.uzh.ch.
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4610-2806
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.affiliation: Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich.
authors.forename: Anna K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Lindholm
authors.affiliation: Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: König
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D005260:Female; D006239:Haplotypes; D008098:Litter Size; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D013557:Switzerland
keywords: communal nursing; cooperation; house mouse; infanticide; litter size; public good