title: Association between physical activity in daily life and pulmonary function in adult smokers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the level of physical activity in daily life (PADL) is associated with pulmonary function in adult smokers.
  
  
  METHODS
  We selected 62 adult smokers from among the participants of an epidemiological study conducted in the city of Santos, Brazil. The subjects underwent forced spirometry for pulmonary function assessment. The level of PADL was assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and triaxial accelerometry, the device being used for seven days. The minimum level of PADL, in terms of quantity and intensity, was defined as 150 min/week of moderate to vigorous physical activity. Correlations between the studied variables were tested with Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, depending on the distribution of the variables. We used linear multiple regression in order to analyze the influence of PADL on the spirometric variables. The level of significance was set at 5%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Evaluating all predictors, corrected for confounding factors, and using pulmonary function data as outcome variables, we found no significant associations between physical inactivity, as determined by accelerometry, and spirometric indices. The values for FVC were lower among the participants with arterial hypertension, and FEV1/FVC ratios were lower among those with diabetes mellitus. Obese participants and those with dyslipidemia presented with lower values for FVC and FEV1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that there is no consistent association between physical inactivity and pulmonary function in adult smokers. Smoking history should be given special attention in COPD prevention strategies, as should cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Miriane Lilian
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Barboza
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Alan Carlos Brisola
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Giovanna Domingues
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Spina
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Evandro Fornias
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Sperandio
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Medicina Cardiovascular Angiocorpore, Santos, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Rodolfo Leite
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Arantes
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Medicina Cardiovascular Angiocorpore, Santos, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Antonio Ricardo de Toledo
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Gagliardi
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Medicina Cardiovascular Angiocorpore, Santos, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romiti
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Victor Zuniga
authors.initials: VZ
authors.lastname: Dourado
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry; D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012016:Reference Values; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors