title: Comparison of microRNA profiles between benign and malignant salivary gland tumors in tissue, blood and saliva samples: a prospective, case-control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) are rare head and neck malignancies consisting of a spectrum of tumors with different biological behaviors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this study we aimed to find out differential expression of microRNA profiles between benign and malignant SGTs.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the possible role of 95 microRNAs in the 20 patients with salivary gland tumors with comparison of 17 patients without malignancy or salivary gland diseases. Sixteen of the tumors were benign (seven pleomorphic adenomas, nine Warthin tumors), four of them were malignant (two squamous cell carcinomas, one high grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma, one adenocarcinoma). Serum and saliva samples were collected from both patients and control group. Tissue samples of tumor masses were also collected from patient group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among studied microRNAs miR-21, miR-23a, miR-27a, miR-223, miR-125b, miR-126, miR-146a, miR-30e were down regulated in the benign group compared to control group in the serum samples (p-values are 0.04, 0.00005, 0.00005, 0.0022, 0.031, 0.00008, 0.044, and 0.0007, respectively). When tissue samples were studied miR-21, miR-31, miR-199a-5p, miR-146b, miR-345 were up-regulated in the malignant group compared to benign group (p values are 0.006, 0.02, 0.013, 0.013, 0.041, respectively). miR-30e showed statistically significant up-regulation in malignant tumor group's plasma samples compared to benign group (p=0.034). There was no statistically significant difference in saliva samples between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results showed that different microRNAs may play role in salivary tumor pathogenesis according to biological behavior. Although there was no difference in saliva samples between groups, according to tissue and serum samples miR-21 and 30e may have an important role; since they were down-regulated in benign tumors whereas up-regulated in malignant ones.
authors.affiliation: Gaziantep State Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ovgu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cinpolat
authors.affiliation: University of Mersin, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Mersin, Turkey.
authors.forename: Zeynep Nil
authors.initials: ZN
authors.lastname: Unal
authors.affiliation: University of Mersin, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mersin, Turkey. Electronic address: dronurismi@outlook.com.
authors.forename: Onur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ismi
authors.affiliation: University of Mersin, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Mersin, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aysegul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gorur
authors.affiliation: University of Mersin, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mersin, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Unal
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000032:analysis*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D012468:Salivary Gland Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: MicroRNA; Pathogenesis; Patogenia; Salivary gland tumor; Tumor de glândula salivar; miR-21; miR-30e