title: Collagen-Coated Bovine Bone in Peri-implantitis Defects: A Pilot Study on a Novel Approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  As dental implants have become routine therapy, clinicians are more frequently being faced with treating peri-implantitis. To date, no single treatment protocol has been shown to be the preferred means to treat peri-implantitis. The aim of this retrospective case series is to present a novel approach utilizing porcine collagen-coated bovine bone (CBB) to treat peri-implantitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven patients, with no history of periodontitis, presenting with peri-implantitis around a single restored dental implant, were included in the study. At initial and follow-up examinations, bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and gingival margin location (GM) were recorded. Following surgical debridement of the peri-implant defect and treatment of the implant surface with a 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate solution, bony defects were grafted with CBB. All patients had 12 months of follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Upon presentation, average PD at the deepest site (DS) was 7.6 ± 1.9 mm. At the time of surgery, excess cement was found around nine implants (81%). All patients healed uneventfully without postoperative complications. At 6 and 12 months, all implants showed favorable results with average DS PD reduction of 3.9 ± 1.5 mm and 4.1 ± 1.6 mm, respectively. All implants showed radiographic signs of bone fill, while GM showed no changes from preoperative measurements at either 6 (0.1 ± 0.5 mm) or 12 (0.0 ± 0.6 mm) months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of a porcine collagen-coated bovine bone graft to treat peri-implantitis represents a potentially predictable therapeutic modality. Randomized controlled trials are necessary to substantiate the treatment outcomes.
authors.forename: Shaun A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Rotenberg
authors.forename: Rob
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: Dimitris N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Tatakis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D002417:Cattle; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003094:Collagen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019250:Dental Implants, Single-Tooth / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D057747:Periodontal Debridement; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000601:surgery; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013552:Swine; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D003094:Collagen; C010882:chlorhexidine gluconate; D002710:Chlorhexidine