title: Kinetic Study of Yellow Fever 17DD Viral Infection in Gallus gallus domesticus Embryos.
abstract: Yellow fever continues to be an important epidemiological problem in Africa and South America even though the disease can be controlled by vaccination. The vaccine has been produced since 1937 and is based on YFV 17DD chicken embryo infection. However, little is known about the histopathological background of virus infection and replication in this model. Here we show by morphological and molecular methods (brightfield and confocal microscopies, immunofluorescence, nested-PCR and sequencing) the kinetics of YFV 17DD infection in chicken embryos with 9 days of development, encompassing 24 to 96 hours post infection. Our principal findings indicate that the main cells involved in virus production are myoblasts with a mesenchymal shape, which also are the first cells to express virus proteins in Gallus gallus embryos at 48 hours after infection. At 72 hours post infection, we observed an increase of infected cells in embryos. Many sites are thus affected in the infection sequence, especially the skeletal muscle. We were also able to confirm an increase of nervous system infection at 96 hours post infection. Our data contribute to the comprehension of the pathogenesis of YF 17DD virus infection in Gallus gallus embryos.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro Paulo de Abreu
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Manso
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bárbara Cristina
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: E P Dias de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carvalho de Sequeira
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Yuli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rodrigues Maia de Souza
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jessica Maria
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dos Santos Ferro
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Igor José
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luzia Fátima
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Gonçalves Caputo
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.|Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscila
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tavares Guedes
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Araujo Cunha Dos Santos
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Tecnologia Virológica, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: da Silva Freire
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Myrna Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bonaldo
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pelajo Machado
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D007700:Kinetics; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D015004:Yellow Fever / Q000473:pathology*