title: Primary Care Endocrinology in the Adult Woman.
abstract: Diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders, and osteoporosis are endocrine conditions affecting a significant proportion of women presenting to the obstetrician-gynecologist. Obstetrician-gynecologists are often the first health-care providers that young women see in adulthood, and thus, have a critical opportunity to identify women at risk for gestational and overt diabetes and manage the condition in those who have developed it. The obstetrician-gynecologist should be aware of the appropriate therapeutic options and treatment goals (eg, hemoglobin A1c) for women with diabetes. Thyroid disorders often present with menstrual irregularities or infertility, can affect pregnancy outcomes, and contribute to cardiovascular and bone disorders as women age. Finally, osteoporosis and low bone mineral density affect a substantial proportion of older women and some younger women with risk factors for secondary osteoporosis. The morbidity and mortality of osteoporotic fractures is substantial. There are many lifestyle interventions and therapeutic options available for these conditions, and the gynecologist plays a key role in optimizing risk factor assessment, screening, and providing treatment when appropriate.
authors.affiliation: Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: cthomas5@medicine.bsd.uchicago.edu.
authors.forename: Celeste C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Meltem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeytinoglu
mesh_terms: D004700:Endocrine System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006176:Gynecology; D006801:Humans; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010819:Physician's Role; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011320:Primary Health Care; D012307:Risk Factors; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000503:physiopathology; D014481:United States; D016387:Women's Health
keywords: Bone mineral density; Diabetes in women; Osteoporosis; Thyroid disease in women