title: Ecological risk evaluation of sediment metals in a tropical Euthrophic Bay, Guanabara Bay, Southeast Atlantic.
abstract: Surface sediments were collected from Guanabara Bay, at 14 stations distributed in five sectors, over three sampling campaigns. Analyses of metals, grain size fractions and total organic carbon analyses were performed. The geo-accumulation index and the enrichment factor were estimated to assess contamination status based on background values. Additionally, the sediment quality guidelines were applied to evaluate the adverse biological effects. Results show that there was no seasonal variation in sediment quality based on any methodology, and all methods utilized showed that NW sector and HRJ sector were the worst affected and that the NE sector had the best conditions. The sediments of GB are polluted mainly by Cr, Pb and Zn. According to ΣSEM/AVS, these metals are not available to the biota, although toxicity tests dispute this. Among the various methods employed, those using background values for the area seem to best reflect the local historical contamination.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Geoquímica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ 24020-150, Brazil; Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA 40170-110, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ilene Matanó
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Abreu
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Geoquímica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ 24020-150, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renato Campello
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Cordeiro
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ 24020-150, Brazil. Electronic address: abiliosg@id.uff.br.
authors.forename: Abílio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soares-Gomes
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Campus Experimental do Litoral Paulista - CLP, São Vicente, SP 11330-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Denis Moledo S
authors.initials: DMS
authors.lastname: Abessa
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Campus Experimental do Litoral Paulista - CLP, São Vicente, SP 11330-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciane Alves
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Maranho
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Analítica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, RJ 21941-909, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo Erthal
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Santelli
mesh_terms: D061006:Bays; D001938:Brazil; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D019015:Geologic Sediments; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Brazil; Enrichment factor; Geo-accumulation index; Heavy metals; Southeast Atlantic