title: Risk factors assessment and risk prediction models in lung cancer screening candidates.
abstract: From February 2015, low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening entered the armamentarium of diagnostic tools broadly available to individuals at high-risk of developing lung cancer. While a huge number of pulmonary nodules are identified, only a small fraction turns out to be early lung cancers. The majority of them constitute a variety of benign lesions. Although it entails a burden of the diagnostic work-up, the undisputable benefit emerges from: (I) lung cancer diagnosis at earlier stages (stage shift); (II) additional findings enabling the implementation of a preventive action beyond the realm of thoracic oncology. This review presents how to utilize the risk factors from distinct categories such as epidemiology, radiology and biomarkers to target the fraction of population, which may benefit most from the introduced screening modality.
authors.affiliation: 1 The Chair and Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Professor S. Szyszko Teaching Hospital No. 1, Zabrze, Poland ; 2 Department of Clinical Oncology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adamek
authors.affiliation: 1 The Chair and Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Professor S. Szyszko Teaching Hospital No. 1, Zabrze, Poland ; 2 Department of Clinical Oncology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wachuła
authors.affiliation: 1 The Chair and Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Professor S. Szyszko Teaching Hospital No. 1, Zabrze, Poland ; 2 Department of Clinical Oncology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: Sylwia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Szabłowska-Siwik
authors.affiliation: 1 The Chair and Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Professor S. Szyszko Teaching Hospital No. 1, Zabrze, Poland ; 2 Department of Clinical Oncology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boratyn-Nowicka
authors.affiliation: 1 The Chair and Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Professor S. Szyszko Teaching Hospital No. 1, Zabrze, Poland ; 2 Department of Clinical Oncology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
authors.forename: Damian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Czyżewski
keywords: Lung cancer; prediction model; risk factor