title: Positive geotactic behaviors induced by geomagnetic field in Drosophila.
abstract: Appropriate vertical movement is critical for the survival of flying animals. Although negative geotaxis (moving away from Earth) driven by gravity has been extensively studied, much less is understood concerning a static regulatory mechanism for inducing positive geotaxis (moving toward Earth).
  
  
  
  Using Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism, we showed that geomagnetic field (GMF) induces positive geotaxis and antagonizes negative gravitaxis. Remarkably, GMF acts as a sensory cue for an appetite-driven associative learning behavior through the GMF-induced positive geotaxis. This GMF-induced positive geotaxis requires the three geotaxis genes, such as cry, pyx and pdf, and the corresponding neurons residing in Johnston's organ of the fly's antennae.
  
  
  
  These findings provide a novel concept with the neurogenetic basis on the regulation of vertical movement by GMF in the flying animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology Education, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Korea.|Department of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Energy Homeostasis Regulation, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics and School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea.
authors.forename: Sunhoe
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.affiliation: National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Energy Homeostasis Regulation, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics and School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea.
authors.forename: Soohong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology Education, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Hyup
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology Education, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Korea.
authors.forename: Soon-Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Youngseok
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Brain and Cognition Measurement Laboratory, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Energy Homeostasis Regulation, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics and School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea. jkc@snu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jongkyeong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology Education, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu, 41566, Korea. kschae@knu.ac.kr.|Department of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea. kschae@knu.ac.kr.|Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea. kschae@knu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Kwon-Seok
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Chae
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000502:physiology*; D006112:Gravitation; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology*; D060526:Magnetic Fields; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity; D015398:Signal Transduction
keywords: Cryptochrome; Drosophila melanogaster; Geomagnetic field; Gravity; Johnston’s organ; Negative geotaxis; Positive geotaxis; Vertical movement