title: An FTO Gene Variant Moderates the Association between Parental Restriction and Child BMI.
abstract: This study aimed to explore whether a common variant in the FTO gene moderates the relationship between parental restriction and child BMI.
  
  
  
  This study reports on baseline data from 178 parent-child (ages 9-10 years) dyads. Parents completed the Child Feeding Questionnaire and reported on socio-demographic characteristics. Each child's height, weight and FTO rs9939609 genotype was assessed. Ordinary least squares regression was used to fit the child's BMI-percentile on parental restriction and the child's FTO genotype, adjusted for covariates. A likelihood ratio test was used to compare a model with and without a multiplicative interaction term between restriction and genotype.
  
  
  
  Most participants (93.3%) were white, non-Hispanic. Twenty-three percent of children were overweight/obese and FTO genotype was associated with weight status. Mean parental restriction was statistically higher among overweight/obese vs. normal weight children: 3.3 (SD 0.8) vs. 2.8 (SD 1.0); t-test p-value = 0.002. Parental restriction was positively associated with child BMI-percentile and BMI-z only among children with two copies of the high-risk FTO allele (p for interaction = 0.02), where each one-point increase in parental restriction was associated with a 14.7 increase in the child's BMI-percentile or a 0.56-point increase in the child's BMI z-score.
  
  
  
  For only the children with two high-risk alleles, parental restriction was positively associated with child BMI-percentile.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, United States of America.
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tovar
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, 3756, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Emond
authors.affiliation: Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, United States of America.
authors.forename: Erin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hennessy
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, 3756, United States of America.
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gilbert-Diamond
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO / Q000235:genetics*; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002648:Child; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics; D050177:Overweight / Q000235:genetics; D016487:Parenting; D012923:Social Class; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; C526492:FTO protein, human