title: A Selective Imidazoline-2-thione-Bearing Two-Photon Fluorescent Probe for Hypochlorous Acid in Mitochondria.
abstract: Hypochlorite (OCl(-)) plays a key role in the immune system and is involved in various diseases. Accordingly, direct detection of endogenous OCl(-) at the subcellular level is important for understanding inflammation and cellular apoptosis. In the current study, a two-photon fluorescent off/on probe (PNIS) bearing imidazoline-2-thione as an OCl(-) recognition unit and triphenylphosphine (TPP) as a mitochondrial-targeting group was synthesized and examined for its ability to image mitochondrial OCl(-) in situ. This probe, based on the specific reaction between imidazoline-2-thione and OCl(-), displayed a selective fluorescent off/on response to OCl(-) with the various reactive oxygen species in a physiological medium. PNIS was successfully applied to image of endogenously produced mitochondrial OCl(-) in live RAW 264.7 cells via two-photon microscopy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University , Seoul 120-750, Korea.
authors.forename: Qingling
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University , Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 443-749, Korea.
authors.forename: Cheol Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University , Seoul 120-750, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University , Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 443-749, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Sue
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University , Seoul 120-750, Korea.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University , Seoul 120-750, Korea.
authors.forename: Dayoung
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University , Seoul 120-750, Korea.|Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, V. L. College of Pharmacy , Raichur 584-103, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Kunemadihalli Mathada Kotraiah
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Swamy
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University , Seoul 120-750, Korea.
authors.forename: Gyoungmi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University , Seoul 120-750, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Jip
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.affiliation: Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University , Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 443-749, Korea.
authors.forename: Hwan Myung
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University , Seoul 120-750, Korea.
authors.forename: Juyoung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005031:Ethylenethiourea / Q000737:chemistry*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid / Q000032:analysis*; D051379:Mice; D036641:Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton / Q000379:methods; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005031:Ethylenethiourea; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid