title: Brain aerobic glycolysis and motor adaptation learning.
abstract: Ten percent to 15% of glucose used by the brain is metabolized nonoxidatively despite adequate tissue oxygenation, a process termed aerobic glycolysis (AG). Because of the known role of glycolysis in biosynthesis, we tested whether learning-induced synaptic plasticity would lead to regionally appropriate, learning-dependent changes in AG. Functional MRI (fMRI) before, during, and after performance of a visual-motor adaptation task demonstrated that left Brodmann area 44 (BA44) played a key role in adaptation, with learning-related changes to activity during the task and altered resting-state, functional connectivity after the task. PET scans before and after task performance indicated a sustained increase in AG in left BA 44 accompanied by decreased oxygen consumption. Intersubject variability in behavioral adaptation rate correlated strongly with changes in AG in this region, as well as functional connectivity, which is consistent with a role for AG in synaptic plasticity.
authors.affiliation: Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110;
authors.forename: Benjamin J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Shannon
authors.affiliation: Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104;
authors.forename: Sanjeev Neil
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Vaishnavi
authors.affiliation: Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110;
authors.forename: Andrei G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Vlassenko
authors.affiliation: Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110;
authors.forename: Joshua S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Shimony
authors.affiliation: Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110;
authors.forename: Jerrel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rutlin
authors.affiliation: Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110; Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110 marc@npg.wustl.edu.
authors.forename: Marcus E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Raichle
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000328:Adult; D000332:Aerobiosis; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006019:Glycolysis; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005947:Glucose
keywords: PET; aerobic glycolysis; learning; long-term depression; long-term potentiation