title: A new framing approach in guideline development to manage different sources of knowledge.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Contemporary guideline methodology struggles to consider context and information from different sources of knowledge besides quantitative research. Return to work programmes involve multiple components and stakeholders. If the guideline is to be relevant and practical for a complex intervention such as return to work, it is essential to use broad sources of knowledge.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This paper reports on a new method in guideline development to manage different sources of knowledge.
  
  
  METHODS
  The method used framing for the return-to-work guidance within the Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Rotator Cuff Syndrome in the Workplace. The development involved was a multi-disciplinary working party of experts including consumers. The researchers considered a broad range of research, expert (practice and experience) knowledge, the individual's and workplace contexts, and used framing with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Following a systematic database search on four clinical questions, there were seven stages of knowledge management to extract, unpack, map and pack information to the ICF domains framework. Companion graded recommendations were developed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results include practical examples, user and consumer guides, flow charts and six graded or consensus recommendations on best practice for return to work intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest using framing in guideline methodology with internationally accepted frames such as the ICF is a reliable and transparent framework to manage different sources of knowledge. Future research might examine other examples and methods for managing complexity and using different sources of knowledge in guideline development.
authors.affiliation: Lukersmith & Associates, Woodford, Australia.
authors.forename: Sue
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8202-3828
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lukersmith
authors.affiliation: Lukersmith & Associates, Woodford, Australia.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hopman
authors.affiliation: University of New South Wales Rural Clinical School, Port Macquarie, Australia.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vine
authors.affiliation: University of New South Wales Rural Clinical School, Port Macquarie, Australia.
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Krahe
authors.affiliation: University of New South Wales Rural Clinical School, Port Macquarie, Australia.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McColl
mesh_terms: D003142:Communication; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D064702:International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health / Q000592:standards*; D019359:Knowledge; D058436:Knowledge Management; D008603:Mental Health; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic / Q000592:standards*; D062707:Return to Work; D019534:Shoulder Impingement Syndrome / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D017132:Workplace
keywords: clinical guidelines; evidence-based medicine; health services research