title: Future Lipid-Altering Therapeutic Options Targeting Residual Cardiovascular Risk.
abstract: Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) play a causal role in the development of atherosclerosis, and reduction of LDL cholesterol with a statin is a cornerstone in prevention of cardiovascular disease. However, it remains an unmet need to reduce the residual risk on maximally tolerated statin alone or in combination with other drugs such as ezetimibe. Among the new LDL-lowering therapies, PCSK9 inhibitors appear the most promising class. Genetic studies suggest that triglyceride-rich lipoproteins are associated with cardiovascular risk and several promising triglyceride-lowering therapies are at various stages of development. At the opposite end, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol seems to not be causally associated with cardiovascular risk, and thus far, trials designed to reduce cardiovascular risk by mainly raising HDL cholesterol levels have been disappointing. Nevertheless, new drugs targeting HDL are still in development. This review describes the new drugs reducing LDL, apolipoprotein(a), and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, and the strategies to modulate HDL metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Lipid Clinic, Point Medical, 21000, Dijon, France. michelfarnier@nerim.net.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farnier
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods; D000091362:PCSK9 Inhibitors; D000071449:Proprotein Convertase 9
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D000091362:PCSK9 Inhibitors; C472125:PCSK9 protein, human; D000071449:Proprotein Convertase 9
keywords: Antisense oligonucleotide; Cardiovascular risk; HDL metabolism; LDL cholesterol; PCSK9 inhibitors; Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins