title: The association between patient safety culture and burnout and sense of coherence: A cross-sectional study in restructured and not restructured intensive care units.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the associations between registered nurses' (RNs) perception of the patient safety culture (safety culture) and burnout and sense of coherence, and to compare the burnout and sense of coherence in restructured and not restructured intensive care units (ICUs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  RNs employed at seven ICUs in six hospitals at a Norwegian Hospital Trust. One to four years before the study, three hospitals merged their general and medical ICUs into one general mixed ICU.
  
  
  METHODS
  The safety culture, burnout and sense of coherence were measured with the questionnaires Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture, Bergen Burnout Indicator and Sense of Coherence. Participant characteristics and working in restructured and not restructured ICUs were registered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 143/289(49.5%) RNs participated. A positive safety culture was statistically significantly associated with a low score for burnout and a strong sense of coherence. No statistically significant differences were found in burnout and sense of coherence between RNs in the restructured and not restructured ICUs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, a positive safety culture was associated with absence of burnout and high ability to cope with stressful situations. Burnout and sense of coherence were independent of the restructuring process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway; Unit for Applied Clinical Research, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. Electronic address: Anne.Vifladt@ntnu.no.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vifladt
authors.affiliation: Department of Quality and Patient Safety, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway.
authors.forename: Bjoerg O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Simonsen
authors.affiliation: Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Stian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lydersen
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway; Unit for Applied Clinical Research, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Per G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Farup
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002055:Burnout, Professional / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway; D009726:Nurses / Q000523:psychology* / Q000592:standards; D061214:Patient Safety / Q000592:standards; D017751:Safety Management / Q000592:standards*; D060685:Sense of Coherence; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Burnout; Organisational culture; Patient safety; Restructuring; Sense of coherence