title: Skin antiseptics in venous puncture site disinfection for preventing blood culture contamination: A Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy of several antiseptics in decreasing the blood culture contamination rate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Network meta-analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Electronic searches of PubMed and Embase were conducted up to November 2015. Only randomized controlled trials or quasi-randomized controlled trials were eligible. We applied no language restriction. A comprehensive review of articles in the reference lists was also accomplished for possible relevant studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Relevant studies evaluating efficacy of different antiseptics in venous puncture site for decreasing the blood culture contamination rate were included. The data were extracted from the included randomized controlled trials by two authors independently. The risk of bias was evaluated using Detsky scale by two authors independently. We used WinBUGS1.43 software and statistic model described by Chaimani to perform this network meta-analysis. Then graphs of statistical results of WinBUGS1.43 software were generated using 'networkplot', 'ifplot', 'netfunnel' and 'sucra' procedure by STATA13.0. Odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals were assessed for dichotomous data. A probability of p less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Compared with ordinary meta-analyses, this network meta-analysis offered hierarchies for the efficacy of different antiseptics in decreasing the blood culture contamination rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven randomized controlled trials involving 34,408 blood samples were eligible for the meta-analysis. No significant difference was found in blood culture contamination rate among different antiseptics. No significant difference was found between non-alcoholic antiseptics and alcoholic antiseptics, alcoholic chlorhexidine and povidone iodine, chlorhexidine and iodine compounds, povidone iodine and iodine tincture in this aspect, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Different antiseptics may not affect the blood culture contamination rate. Different intervals between the skin disinfection and the venous puncture, the different settings (emergency room, medical wards, and intensive care units) and the performance of the phlebotomy may affect the blood culture contamination rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Wenjie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Yuchen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Wenyao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Heling
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. Electronic address: chenmaojunNS@126.com.
authors.forename: Maojun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D000071997:Blood Culture; D004203:Disinfection; D006801:Humans; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local
keywords: Antiseptics; Blood culture contamination; Chlorhexidine; Iodine tincture; Povidone iodine; Skin disinfection