title: The leguminous lectin of Lonchocarpus araripensis promotes antinociception via mechanisms that include neuronal inhibition of Na(+) currents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sodium channels are highly expressed in nociceptive sensory neurons during hypernociceptive conditions. Based on the presence of a glycosidic portion in the sodium channel β subunit associated to the antinociceptive effect of leguminous lectins via lectin domain, this study investigated the antinociceptive activity of the lectin isolated from Lonchocarpus araripensis seeds (LAL) in mice behavioral models and in NaV current in the nociceptor of rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG).
  
  
  METHODS
  LAL antinociceptive activity and the participation of opioid system, lectin domain and sodium channels were evaluated in Swiss mice models of nociception (formalin, capsaicin, hot plate, tail flick, von Frey) and in primary cultures of Wistar rats neurons of DRG (patch clamp).
  
  
  RESULTS
  LAL presented inhibitory effects in the nociception induced by chemical and mechanical, but not by thermal stimuli and reduced total Na(+) current. LAL activity was inhibited by the lectin association with its binding sugar N-acethyl-glucosamine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LAL inhibits peripheral hypernociception by mechanisms that involve the lectin domain, inflammatory mediators and Na(+) channels. The innovative inhibitory action of leguminous lectins on NaV current brings new insights for the investigation of sodium channels role in nociception.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, CEP 60740-000, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata Morais Ferreira
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Amorim
authors.affiliation: Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, CEP 60740-000, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.|Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Via Corpvs, Centro Universitário Estácio do Ceará, Rua Eliseu Uchoa Becco, 600, 60810-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alana Freitas
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Pires
authors.affiliation: Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, CEP 60740-000, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tiago
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dos Santos-Nascimento
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Moléculas Biologicamente Ativas (BioMol-Lab), Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, s/n; Bloco 907, CEP 60455-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Benildo S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Cavada
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Moléculas Biologicamente Ativas (BioMol-Lab), Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, s/n; Bloco 907, CEP 60455-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kyria Santiago
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: do Nascimento
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Moléculas Biologicamente Ativas (BioMol-Lab), Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, s/n; Bloco 907, CEP 60455-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: João Batista
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Cajazeiras
authors.affiliation: Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, CEP 60740-000, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Henrique
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Leal-Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, CEP 60740-000, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.|Departamento de Farmácia, Odontologia e Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Alexandre Baraúna 949, CEP 60430-170, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mário Rogério Lima
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Mota
authors.affiliation: Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, CEP 60740-000, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. anassreuy@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ana Maria S
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Assreuy
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D002211:Capsaicin; D007887:Fabaceae; D005557:Formaldehyde; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006358:Hot Temperature; D037102:Lectins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D059225:Nociception / Q000187:drug effects; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012639:Seeds; D015222:Sodium Channels / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D037102:Lectins; D015222:Sodium Channels; D005557:Formaldehyde; D002211:Capsaicin
keywords: Antinociception; Inflammatory pain; Lonchocarpus araripensis; Protein; Sodium current