title: Rapid and efficient magnetization of mesenchymal stem cells by dendrimer-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles.
abstract: Rapid and efficient magnetization of human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) through functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNP).
  
  
  
  MNP were functionalized with poly(epsilon-lysine) dendrons exposing carboxybetaine residue (CB-MNP) to enhance binding to the cellular glycocalix. BMSC were incubated with CB-MNP or non-functionalized PAA-MNP for 5-30 min in suspension.
  
  
  
  CB-MNP functionalization increased the magnetization efficiency by threefold. Remarkably, 66% of cells were magnetized after only 5 min and the maximum efficiency of >80% was reached by 15 min. BMSC viability, proliferation and differentiation were not impaired: actually, adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation were even improved.
  
  
  
  Carboxybetaine-dendron functionalization ensured rapid and efficient BMSC magnetization and allowed innovative suspension labeling, with a potential for bypassing adhesion culture of progenitors for regenerative medicine.
authors.affiliation: Cell & Gene Therapy, Department of Biomedicine, Basel University & Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Nunzia Di
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Maggio
authors.affiliation: Osteoarticular Regeneration Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy.|Department of Biomedical & Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martella
authors.affiliation: BrightSTAR, Brighton Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Brighton, UK.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meikle
authors.affiliation: Musculoskeletal Cell Biology Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Columbaro
authors.affiliation: Osteoarticular Regeneration Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lucarelli
authors.affiliation: BrightSTAR, Brighton Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Brighton, UK.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santin
authors.affiliation: Cell & Gene Therapy, Department of Biomedicine, Basel University & Department of Surgery, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Banfi
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D050091:Dendrimers / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D060526:Magnetic Fields; D008280:Magnetics / Q000379:methods; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D010012:Osteogenesis; D011107:Polylysine / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D050091:Dendrimers; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D011107:Polylysine
keywords: adipogenesis; carboxybetaine; dendrimers; magnetization; nanoparticles; osteogenesis; stem cells; suspension culture