title: Push-out bond strength and dentinal tubule penetration of different root canal sealers used with coated core materials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the push-out bond strength and dentinal tubule penetration of root canal sealers used with coated core materials and conventional gutta-percha.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 72 single-rooted human mandibular incisors were instrumented with NiTi rotary files with irrigation of 2.5% NaOCl. The smear layer was removed with 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Specimens were assigned into four groups according to the obturation system: Group 1, EndoRez (Ultradent Product Inc.); Group 2, Activ GP (Brasseler); Group 3, SmartSeal (DFRP Ltd. Villa Farm); Group 4, AH 26 (Dentsply de Trey)/gutta-percha (GP). For push-out bond strength measurement, two horizontal slices were obtained from each specimen (n = 20). To compare dentinal tubule penetration, remaining 32 roots assigned to 4 groups as above were obturated with 0.1% Rhodamine B labeled sealers. One horizontal slice was obtained from the middle third of each specimen (n = 8) and scanned under confocal laser scanning electron microscope. Tubule penetration area, depth, and percentage were measured. Kruskall-Wallis test was used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EndoRez showed significantly lower push-out bond strength than the others (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found amongst the groups in terms of percentage of sealer penetration. SmartSeal showed the least penetration than the others (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The bond strength and sealer penetration of resin-and glass ionomer-based sealers used with coated core was not superior to resin-based sealer used with conventional GP. Dentinal tubule penetration has limited effect on bond strength. The use of conventional GP with sealer seems to be sufficient in terms of push-out bond strength.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Derya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Deniz Sungur
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nuhan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Purali
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Erdal
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Coşgun
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Semra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Calt
keywords: Adhesion; Coated core; Monoblock; Root canal sealer; Tubule penetration