title: Emerging antibodies for the treatment of multiple myeloma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Monoclonal antibodies mark the beginning of a new era in the context of multiple myeloma (MM) treatment. Numerous antibodies have been tested or are currently in development for patients with MM, in order to improve tolerability and quality of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  This manuscript reviews emerging antibodies for the treatment of MM i.e. elotuzumab, daratumumab, MOR03087, isatuximab, bevacizumab, cetuximab, siltuximab, tocilizumab, elsilimomab, azintrel, rituximab, tositumomab, milatuzumab, lucatumumab, dacetuzumab, figitumumab, dalotuzumab, AVE1642, tabalumab, pembrolizumab, pidilizumab, nivolumab.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Amongst these antibodies, elotuzumab which targets SLAMF-7 and daratumumab which targets CD38, have been recently approved by FDA for patients with relapsed/refractory MM. Both agents are well tolerated. Multiple clinical trials incorporating these monoclonal antibodies in MM treatment are currently ongoing. Of special interest are the anticipated results of phase III clinical trials with elotuzumab [NCT0189164; NCT01335399; NCT02495922] and daratumumab [NCT02252172; NCT02195479] in newly diagnosed MM patients. Moreover, of great interest are the awaited data on pembrolizumabin combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone in refractory/relapsed MM patients [NCT02576977] and in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone in newly diagnosed MM patients. It seems that the incorporation of monoclonal antibodies will change the landscape of myeloma therapy in the near future.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece.
authors.forename: Flora
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zagouri
authors.affiliation: a Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece.
authors.forename: Evangelos
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Terpos
authors.affiliation: a Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece.
authors.forename: Efstathios
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kastritis
authors.affiliation: a Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece.
authors.forename: Meletios A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Dimopoulos
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D011788:Quality of Life
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: Daratumumab; elotuzumab; monoclonal antibodies; multiple myeloma; targeted therapy