title: Accumulation and detoxification dynamics of microcystin-LR and antioxidant responses in male red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii.
abstract: MC-LR is one of major microcystin isoforms with potent hepatotoxicity. In the present study, we aim to: 1) explore the dynamics of MC-LR accumulation and elimination in different tissues of male red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii; 2) reveal the mechanisms underlying hepatic antioxidation and detoxification. In the semi-static toxicity tests under the water temperature of 25±2°C, P. clarkii were exposed to 0.1, 1, 10 and 100μg/L MC-LR for 7days for accumulation and subsequently relocated to freshwater for another 7days to depurate MC-LR. MC-LR was measured in the hepatopancreas, intestine, abdominal muscle and gill by HPLC. The enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), content of glutathione (GSH), and transcripts of Mn-sod, cat, gpx1, Mu-gst, heat shock protein90 (hsp90), hsp70 and hsp60 in hepatopancreas were detected. The results showed that P. clarkii accumulated more MC-LR in intestine, and less in abdominal muscle and gill during accumulation period and eliminated the toxin more quickly in gill and abdominal muscle, and comparatively slowly in intestine during depuration period. The fast increase of SOD and CAT activities at early stage, subsequent decrease at later stage of accumulation period and then fast increase during depuration period were partially consistent with the transcriptional changes of their respective genes. GPx was activated by longer MC-LR exposure and gpx1 mRNA expression showed uncoordinated regulation pattern compared with its enzyme. Hsp genes were up-regulated when P. clarkii was exposed to MC-LR.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Freshwater Fishery Healthy Breeding Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313001, China.
authors.forename: Julin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Freshwater Fishery Healthy Breeding Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313001, China. Electronic address: guzhimin2006@163.com.
authors.forename: Zhimin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Lower Reaches of the Changjiang River, Wuxi 214081, China.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Yingying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Jiancao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China. Electronic address: zzwang@nwsuaf.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zaizhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003400:Astacoidea / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005880:Gills / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D043143:Hepatopancreas / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic; D008297:Male; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C057862:cyanoginosin LR; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Accumulation; Antioxidation; Detoxification; Microcystin-LR; Procambarus clarkii