title: Globular CTRP9 inhibits oxLDL-induced inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 macrophages via AMPK activation.
abstract: C1q-TNF-related protein-9 (CTRP9) is increasingly recognized as a promising cardioprotective adipocytokine, which regulates biological processes like vascular relaxation, proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation. We recently showed that CTRP9 enhanced carotid plaque stability by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of CTRP9 on anti-inflammatory response in macrophages still remains unclear. We demonstrated that globular CTRP9 (gCTRP9) significantly reduced oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 expression by suppressing nuclear factor-κB phosphorylation and nuclear translocation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Treatment with gCTRP9 strikingly increased the level of phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK inhibitor abolished the anti-inflammatory effects of gCTRP9. Moreover, gCTRP9 increased the expression of adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1). Downregulation of AdipoR1 by siRNA could abrogate the activation of AMPK and the anti-inflammatory effects of gCTRP9. These results suggested that gCTRP9 protected RAW 264.7 macrophages from oxLDL via AMPK activation in an AdipoR1 dependent fashion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wen Hua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China.|The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wen Hua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China.|The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Chengmin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wen Hua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China.|The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wen Hua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China.|The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.|Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Haipeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Tianjiao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wen Hua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China.|The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wen Hua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China.|The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wen Hua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, China. guoyuan9092@163.com.|The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. guoyuan9092@163.com.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; C534692:CTRP9 protein, mouse; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin; C475419:adiponectin receptor 1, mouse; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
keywords: AMPK; AdipoR1; CTRP9; Inflammation; Macrophage; NF-κB