title: Factors Associated With Recent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Puerto Rico, National Human Immunodeficiency Virus Behavioral Surveillance System, 2011.
abstract: Annual human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing is considered a key strategy for HIV prevention for men who have sex with men (MSM). In Puerto Rico, HIV research has primarily focused on injection drug use, yet male-to-male sexual transmission has been increasing in recent years.
  
  
  
  Cross-sectional data from the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance system collected in 2011 in San Juan, Puerto Rico, were analyzed to identify factors associated with HIV testing in the past 12 months (recent testing).
  
  
  
  Overall, 50% of participants were tested recently. In the multivariate analysis, testing recently was associated with having multiple partners in the past 12 months (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] [≥4 vs 1 partner] = 1.5; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.2-2.0), visiting a health care provider in the past 12 months (aPR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.04-1.8), and disclosing male-male attraction/sex to a health care provider (aPR< 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.7).
  
  
  
  Human immunodeficiency virus testing was suboptimal among MSM in San Juan. Strategies to increase HIV testing among MSM may include promoting HIV testing for all sexually active MSM including those with fewer partners, increasing utilization of the healthcare system, and improving patient-provider communication.
authors.affiliation: From the *Department of Epidemiology, Emory University; †Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD and Tuberculosis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; and ‡Department of Health, HIV/AIDS Surveillance Program, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chapin-Bardales
authors.forename: Travis
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paz-Bailey
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hageman
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Spiller
authors.forename: Yadira
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rolon-Colon
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miranda de Leon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D015995:Prevalence; D011647:Puerto Rico; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012747:Sexual Partners; D000072339:Sexual and Gender Minorities; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous; D055815:Young Adult