title: Protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1: resurgence as new drug target for human autoimmune disorders.
abstract: Recognition of self-antigen and its destruction by the immune system is the hallmark of autoimmune diseases. During the developmental stages, immune cells are introduced to the self-antigen, for which tolerance develops. The inflammatory insults that break the immune tolerance provoke immune system against self-antigen, progressively leading to autoimmune diseases. SH2 domain containing protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP), SHP-1, was identified as hematopoietic cell-specific PTP that regulates immune function from developing immune tolerance to mediating cell signaling post-immunoreceptor activation. The extensive research on SHP-1-deficient mice elucidated the diversified role of SHP-1 in immune regulation, and inflammatory process and related disorders such as cancer, autoimmunity, and neurodegenerative diseases. The present review focalizes upon the implication of SHP-1 in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders, such as allergic asthma, neutrophilic dermatosis, atopic dermatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis, so as to lay the background in pursuance of developing therapeutic strategies targeting SHP-1. Also, new SHP-1 molecular targets have been suggested like SIRP-α, PIPKIγ, and RIP-1 that may prove to be the focal point for the development of therapeutic strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
authors.forename: Yadhu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
authors.forename: Samina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bashir
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
authors.forename: Puja
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhardwaj
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, 202002, India.
authors.forename: Altaf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India. farahkhan3@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Farah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000378:metabolism; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000378:metabolism; D053824:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D001324:Autoantigens; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C430457:PAK1IP1 protein, human; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; C501920:SIRPA protein, human; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); C020077:1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase; D053824:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6
keywords: Autoimmune diseases; Inflammation; Motheaten mice; SHP-1; T cell; Viable motheaten mice