title: Use of Biomarkers in the Evaluation and Treatment of Hypertensive Patients.
abstract: The current definition of hypertension is based on blood pressure values, and blood pressure also drives treatment decisions, is the most important treatment monitoring tool and helps estimating risk of hypertension-related organ damage. In an era of precision medicine, additional biomarkers are needed in the diagnosis and management of patients with hypertension. In this review, we outline the areas in which functional, imaging and circulating biomarkers could help in a more individualised definition of hypertension and associated risk. We will cover biomarkers for diagnosis; of pathophysiology and prediction of hypertension; response to treatment, organ damage; and to monitor treatment. A clear focus is on the vasculature, the heart and the kidneys, whereas we see a need to further develop biomarkers of cerebral function in order to diagnose cognition deficits and monitor changes in cognition in the future to support addressing the growing burden of hypertension-associated vascular dementia.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Currie
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA, Scotland, UK. Christian.Delles@glasgow.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Delles
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination / Q000379:methods; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Biomarkers; Blood pressure; Hypertension; Pathophysiology; Prevention of hypertension; Target organ damage