title: Redefining the Ideal Buttocks: A Population Analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The buttocks are a key element of female beauty, with aesthetic gluteoplasty becoming one of the fastest growing plastic surgery procedures. However, there remains no clear standard for the ideal buttocks. The authors performed a population analysis of the characteristics of the ideal buttocks to guide surgical planning.
  
  
  METHODS
  Images of buttocks were digitally altered to create buttocks of varying proportions on posterior and lateral views. Waist-to-hip ratios and varying vertical proportions were studied. Data were stratified and analyzed according to age range, gender, ethnicity, and nationality of the respondents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1146 responses were collected. Of 989 respondents who submitted their gluteal preferences, 482 respondents (48.7 percent) were women and 507 (51.3 percent) were men. Overall, the most attractive buttocks waist-to-hip ratio is 0.65 from the posterior view (44.2 percent of respondents). The next most attractive ratio was 0.60 (25 percent of respondents). Positioning of the lateral prominence at the inferior gluteal fold was rated by 26.3 percent of respondents as the most attractive. From the lateral view, the most attractive buttocks have a waist-to-hip ratio of 0.70 (29.8 percent of respondents), with the most prominent portion positioned at the midpoint of the buttocks (45.1 percent of respondents), which is a 50:50 vertical ratio. There were no significant differences in preferences between respondent ages, genders, or ethnicities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  New ideal waist-to-hip ratios of 0.6 and 0.65 update the previous standards and indicate a more dramatic and "curvier" new ideal, signaling an important preference paradigm shift. The information derived from this study has the potential to guide gluteoplasty practices and techniques.
authors.affiliation: Loma Linda, Calif.|From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Loma Linda University.
authors.forename: Wendy W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Loma Linda, Calif.|From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Loma Linda University.
authors.forename: Saba
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Motakef
authors.affiliation: Loma Linda, Calif.|From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Loma Linda University.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Loma Linda, Calif.|From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Loma Linda University.
authors.forename: Subhas C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000637:transplantation*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002081:Buttocks / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015187:Lipectomy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011159:Population Surveillance; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D055815:Young Adult