title: Association between Von Willebrand factor, disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif member 13, d-Dimer and cystatin C levels with retinopathy in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We evaluated the association between plasma levels of VWF, ADAMTS13 and d-Dimer, which consist on endothelial dysfunction and hypercoagulability biomarkers, and cystatin C with retinopathy in type 1 diabetic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were classified according to presence (n=55) or absence (n=70) of retinopathy. Plasma levels of VWF, ADAMTS13, d-Dimer and cystatin C were evaluated by ELISA and ADAMTS13 activity was evaluated by FRET.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma levels of VWF (p=0.033), ADAMTS13 activity (p=0.014), d-Dimer (p=0.002) and cystatin C (p<0.001) were elevated in diabetic patients with retinopathy compared to those without this complication. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ADAMTS13 activity (p=0.031) d-Dimer (p=0.015) and cystatin C (p=0.001) remained associated with retinopathy after adjustment for age, diabetes duration, use of statin, use of ACEi or angiotensin antagonist, use of acetylsalicylic acid and glomerular filtration rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ADAMTS13 activity, d-Dimer and cystatin C are associated with retinopathy in type 1 diabetic patients and are promising biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of diabetic retinopathy.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Caroline Pereira
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Domingueti
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Campus Centro Oeste Dona Lindu, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jéssica A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Fuzatto
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Fóscolo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Instituto de Educação e Pesquisa da Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Janice S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luci M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Dusse
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria das Graças
authors.initials: MDG
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karina B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Fernandes
mesh_terms: D000071120:ADAMTS13 Protein / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000097:blood*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D019483:Disintegrins / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000032:analysis*; D031541:Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055815:Young Adult; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: C525030:CST3 protein, human; D055316:Cystatin C; D019483:Disintegrins; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; C036309:fibrin fragment D; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D000071120:ADAMTS13 Protein; C099604:ADAMTS13 protein, human
keywords: ADAMTS13; Cystatin C; Diabetes mellitus, type 1; Diabetic retinopathy; Von Willebrand factor; d-Dimer