title: Characterizing Objective Quality of Life and Normative Outcomes in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Latent Class Analysis.
abstract: This study aims to extend the definition of quality of life (QoL) for adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD, n = 180, ages 23-60) by: (1) characterizing the heterogeneity of normative outcomes (employment, independent living, social engagement) and objective QoL (physical health, neighborhood quality, family contact, mental health issues); and (2) identifying predictors of positive normative outcomes and good objective QoL. Findings of an exploratory latent class analysis identified three groups of adults with ASD-Greater Dependence, Good Physical and Mental Health, and Greater Independence. Findings indicate that better daily living skills, better executive function, and more maternal warmth are associated with assignment to better outcome groups. Findings have implications for interventions designed to enhance achievement of normative outcomes and objective QoL.
authors.affiliation: Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705, USA. bishopfitzpa@waisman.wisc.edu.
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bishop-Fitzpatrick
authors.affiliation: Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
authors.forename: Jinkuk
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
authors.forename: Leann E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
authors.forename: Renee A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Makuch
authors.affiliation: Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
authors.forename: Jan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.affiliation: Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Ave., Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
authors.forename: Marsha R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Mailick
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000067877:Autism Spectrum Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology*; D056344:Executive Function; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D057187:Independent Living / Q000523:psychology* / Q000639:trends; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health / Q000639:trends; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Daily living skills; Executive function; Expressed emotion; Heterogeneity; Maternal warmth