title: Construction and Annotation of a High Density SNP Linkage Map of the Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Genome.
abstract: High density linkage maps are useful tools for fine-scale mapping of quantitative trait loci, and characterization of the recombination landscape of a species' genome. Genomic resources for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) include a well-assembled reference genome, and high density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays. Our aim was to create a high density linkage map, and to align it with the reference genome assembly. Over 96,000 SNPs were mapped and ordered on the 29 salmon linkage groups using a pedigreed population comprising 622 fish from 60 nuclear families, all genotyped with the 'ssalar01' high density SNP array. The number of SNPs per group showed a high positive correlation with physical chromosome length (r = 0.95). While the order of markers on the genetic and physical maps was generally consistent, areas of discrepancy were identified. Approximately 6.5% of the previously unmapped reference genome sequence was assigned to chromosomes using the linkage map. Male recombination rate was lower than females across the vast majority of the genome, but with a notable peak in subtelomeric regions. Finally, using RNA-Seq data to annotate the reference genome, the mapped SNPs were categorized according to their predicted function, including annotation of ∼2500 putative nonsynonymous variants. The highest density SNP linkage map for any salmonid species has been created, annotated, and integrated with the Atlantic salmon reference genome assembly. This map highlights the marked heterochiasmy of salmon, and provides a useful resource for salmonid genetics and genomics research.
authors.affiliation: The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK.
authors.forename: Hsin Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Robledo
authors.affiliation: The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK.
authors.forename: Natalie R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.affiliation: Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bekaert
authors.affiliation: Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
authors.forename: John B
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5429-9907
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Taggart
authors.affiliation: Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
authors.forename: James E
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3544-0519
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Bron
authors.affiliation: The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK ross.houston@roslin.ed.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Ross D
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1805-0762
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Houston
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002874:Chromosome Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D056426:Genetic Loci; D005819:Genetic Markers; D016678:Genome; D005838:Genotype; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D020317:Salmo salar / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers
keywords: RNA-Seq; SNP array; Salmo salar; linkage map; recombination