title: Gastric adenocarcinoma: the role of Helicobacter pylori in pathogenesis and prevention efforts.
abstract: Gastric cancer is the third most common cause of cancer deaths in the world, prompting high-risk countries like South Korea and Japan to establish nationwide screening programmes. Helicobacter pylori is linked to the majority of gastric adenocarcinoma cases and to the vast majority of non-cardia gastric adenocarcinomas. Several studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of 'test-and-treat' programmes for H. pylori infection to prevent gastric cancer in high-risk populations. While this strategy has gained momentum, providers in low-risk developed countries may be unaware of the risk individual patients face, particularly those who have emigrated from high-risk regions and members of economically disadvantaged minority groups. Rapidly evolving science in recent years has made it difficult for clinicians to keep up with the current best practices. This article reviews the epidemiology of H. pylori and gastric cancer, screening and diagnostic tests and the current treatment regimens for clinicians.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA Department of Medicine, EW Sparrow Hospital, Lansing, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Heather S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Laird-Fick
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Shivani
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saini
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: James Randolph
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hillard
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000458:organization & administration; D015995:Prevalence; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000458:organization & administration; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D000658:Amoxicillin; D017291:Clarithromycin
keywords: ADENOCARCINOMA; DIAGNOSIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVENTION; TREATMENT