title: Investigating Oral Microbiome Profiles in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate for Prognosis of Alveolar Bone Grafting.
abstract: In this study, we sought to investigate the oral microbiota structure of children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) and explore the pre-operative oral bacterial composition related to the prognosis of alveolar bone grafting. In total, 28 patients (19 boys, 9 girls) with CLP who were scheduled to undergo alveolar bone grafting for the first time were recruited. According to the clinical examination of operative sites at the third month after the operation, the individuals were divided into a non-inflammation group (n = 15) and an inflammation group (n = 13). In all, 56 unstimulated saliva samples were collected before and after the operation. The v3-v4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced using an Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform. Based on the beta diversity of the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the inflammation and non-inflammation samples, the microbial variation in the oral cavity differed significantly between the two groups before and after the operation (P < 0.05). Analysis of the relative abundances of pre-operative OTUs revealed 26 OTUs with a relative abundance higher than 0.01%, reflecting a significant difference of the relative abundance between groups (P < 0.05). According to a principal component analysis of the pre-operative samples, the inflammation-related OTUs included Tannerella sp., Porphyromonas sp., Gemella sp., Moraxella sp., Prevotella nigrescens, and Prevotella intermedia, most of which were enriched in the inflammation group and showed a significant positive correlation. A cross-validated random forest model based on the 26 different OTUs before the operation was able to fit the post-operative status of grafted sites and yielded a good classification result. The sensitivity and specificity of this classified model were 76.9% and 86.7%, respectively. These findings show that the oral microbiota profile before alveolar bone grafting may be related to the risk of post-operative inflammation at grafted sites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Luwei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jiuxiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhibo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States of America.
authors.forename: Xuesong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yilin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D064728:Alveolar Bone Grafting; D044822:Biodiversity; D002648:Child; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D054892:Metagenome; D056186:Metagenomics / Q000379:methods; D064307:Microbiota; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology*; D057234:Preoperative Period; D011379:Prognosis; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S