title: Positron emission tomography in imaging evaluation of staging, restaging, treatment response, and prognosis in prostate cancer.
abstract: Prostate cancer is a prevalent public health problem worldwide. While imaging has played a major role in this disease, there still remain many challenges and opportunities. Positron emission tomography with various physiologically based radiotracers is fundamentally suited to interrogate this biologically and clinically heterogeneous disease along the course of its natural history. In this article, I review briefly the published evidence for the use of positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose, 11C-acetate, and 18F- or 11C-choline in the imaging evaluation of prostate cancer. Although the focus of the article will be on these radiotracers given the accumulated experience with them, but I will also comment on the outlook for the use of other emerging PET radiotracers such as those targeted to the prostate-specific membrane antigen and the amino acid metabolism pathway. It is anticipated that PET will play major role in the evaluation of prostate cancer in the current evidence-based medicine environment. There will also be exciting novel prospects for the use of therapeutic-diagnostic (theransotic) pairs in the management of patients with prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSC 102, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA. jadvar@med.usc.edu.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jadvar
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates; D002244:Carbon; D002794:Choline; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C438206:carbon-11 acetate; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D002244:Carbon; D002794:Choline
keywords: Cancer; PET; Prognosis; Prostate; Response; Restaging; Staging