title: Ameloblastic carcinoma: a Brazilian collaborative study of 17 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ameloblastic carcinoma (AMECA) is an odontogenic malignancy that combines the histological features of ameloblastoma and cytological atypia. Because of its rarity, it poses difficulties in diagnosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the socio-demographic data, histopathology, immunohistochemical features, treatment and outcomes of 17 cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Descriptive statistical analyses were used to portray the clinicopathological data collected, retrospectively. Log-rank tests were performed to determine new prognostic factors. Lesions were immunostained for Ki67, p16, p53, and cytokeratins (CKs), and compared with solid/multicystic ameloblastomas (n = 15). AMECA was mostly diagnosed at a late stage, affecting the posterior mandible of male patients in their fifth decade of life. Recurrence was diagnosed in nearly 90% of treated patients, and metastasis occurred in four patients. The mean number of Ki67-positive cells was 86.4 ± 66 per field. Tumours were focally positive for CK7, CK8, CK14, and CK18, and diffusely positive for CK19, p53, and p16. AMECA showed increased immunoexpression of CK18, CK19, p16, p53 and Ki67 as compared with benign cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study has contributed to the improved characterization of the epidemiology, prognostic markers, treatment options and outcomes of AMECA. Current criteria must be reviewed to simplify the diagnostic process for these neoplasms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil. loyolaam@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Adriano M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Loyola
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sergio V
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1809-0617
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Biomedical Science Institute, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: de Faria
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: João P S
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Servato
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology, Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana L A
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Eisenberg
authors.affiliation: Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Brazilian National Institute of Cancer and Post Graduate School of Medicine, Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology, Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria T S
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Accioly
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carolina C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Suzana O M C
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jean N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Dos Santos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000564:Ameloblastoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D001938:Brazil; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007573:Jaw Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: ameloblastoma; carcinoma; epidemiology; odontogenic tumours; pathology