title: Bar velocities capable of optimising the muscle power in strength-power exercises.
abstract: This study aimed at testing whether there are mean propulsive velocities (MPVs) capable of maximising the mean propulsive power (MPP) during the execution of bench press (BP), bench throw (BT), half squat (HS) and jump squat (JS). Additionally, we assessed the differences in MPP/MPV between ballistic and traditional exercises. Seventeen male rugby sevens players performed MPP tests in BP, BT, HS and JS and maximum isometric force (MIF) tests in HS and BP. The JS presented higher MPP (977.4 ± 156.2 W) than the HS (897.9 ± 157.7 W) (P < 0.05); the BP (743.4 ± 100.1 W) presented higher MPP than the BT (697.8 ± 70.4 W) (P < 0.05). Ballistic exercises presented higher optimum MPV (JS = 1.02 ± 0.07 m·s-1; BT = 1.67 ± 0.15 m·s-1) than traditional exercises (HS = 0.93 ± 0.08 m·s-1; BP = 1.40 ± 0.13 m·s-1) (P < 0.05). The optimum MPP in the JS, BT, HS and BP occurred at 28.2 ± 5.79, 23.3 ± 4.24, 32.4 ± 9.46 and 27.7 ± 5.33% of the MIF, respectively. The coefficient of variation (CV) of MPV at optimum MPP ranged from 7.4% to 9.7%, while the CV of %MIF ranged from 18.2% to 29.2%. The MPV is a more precise indicator of the optimum loads than the percentages of MIF due to its low inter-subject variability as expressed by CV. Therefore, MPV can be used to determine the optimum power load in the four investigated exercises.
authors.affiliation: a NAR - Nucleus of High Performance in Sport , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Irineu
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Loturco
authors.affiliation: a NAR - Nucleus of High Performance in Sport , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucas Adriano
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: a NAR - Nucleus of High Performance in Sport , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Cesar Cavinato Cal
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Abad
authors.affiliation: b Brazilian Rugby Confederation , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Facundo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tabares
authors.affiliation: b Brazilian Rugby Confederation , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: José Eduardo
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Moraes
authors.affiliation: a NAR - Nucleus of High Performance in Sport , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Ronaldo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kobal
authors.affiliation: a NAR - Nucleus of High Performance in Sport , São Paulo , Brazil.|b Brazilian Rugby Confederation , São Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.affiliation: a NAR - Nucleus of High Performance in Sport , São Paulo , Brazil.|c Department of Physical Education , State University of Londrina , Londrina , Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabio Yuzo
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D019876:Sports Equipment; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000502:physiology; D014891:Weight Lifting / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Optimal loads; plyometrics; power training; sports performance; team sports