title: Elevated blood pressure is not associated with accelerated glomerular filtration rate decline in the general non-diabetic middle-aged population.
abstract: Although hypertension is a risk factor for end-stage renal disease, this complication develops in only a minority of hypertensive patients. Whether non-malignant hypertension itself is sufficient to cause reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is unclear. Therefore, we investigated whether elevated blood pressure (BP) was associated with accelerated GFR decline in the general population. The study was based on the Renal Iohexol Clearance Survey in Tromsø 6 (RENIS-T6), which included a representative sample of 1594 individuals aged 50 to 62 years from the general population without baseline diabetes or kidney or cardiovascular disease. GFR was measured as iohexol clearance at baseline and follow-up after a median observation time of 5.6 years. BP was measured according to a standardized procedure. The mean (SD) GFR decline rate was 0.95 (2.23) ml/min/yr. In multivariable adjusted linear mixed regressions with either baseline systolic or diastolic BP as the independent variable, there were no statistically significant associations with GFR decline. Thus, elevated BP is not associated with accelerated mean GFR decline in the general middle-aged population. Hence, additional genetic and environmental factors are probably necessary for elevated BP to develop manifest chronic kidney disease in some individuals.
authors.affiliation: Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway. Electronic address: bjorn.odvar.eriksen@unn.no.
authors.forename: Bjørn O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Eriksen
authors.affiliation: Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Vidar T N
authors.initials: VTN
authors.lastname: Stefansson
authors.affiliation: Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Trond G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Jenssen
authors.affiliation: Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Ulla D
authors.initials: UD
authors.lastname: Mathisen
authors.affiliation: Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Jørgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schei
authors.affiliation: Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Marit D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Solbu
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wilsgaard
authors.affiliation: Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Toralf
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Melsom
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D007472:Iohexol / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D065667:Renal Elimination; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D007472:Iohexol
keywords: cardiovascular disease; chronic kidney disease; hyperfiltration; obesity