title: Sea cucumber peptides exert anti-inflammatory activity through suppressing NF-κB and MAPK and inducing HO-1 in RAW264.7 macrophages.
abstract: The anti-inflammatory effect of sea cucumber peptides (SCP) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 murine macrophages was tested. SCP significantly reduced LPS-induced nitric oxide release by inhibiting the inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression without affecting the cell viability. The mRNA expression of LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines including tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 was suppressed. SCP inhibited LPS-induced degradation of the inhibitor of κBα (IκBα) and nuclear transposition of NF-κB p65, resulting in decreased NF-κB transactivation. Moreover, SCP suppressed the LPS-induced phosphorylation of JNK, ERK and p38. In addition, the expression of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 in macrophages was up-regulated by SCP in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition effect of SCP on the mRNA expression of LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines was partially reversed by co-treatment with a HO-1 inhibitor. The SCP with anti-inflammatory activity was made up of low-molecular-weight peptides rich in glycine, glutamic acid and aspartic acid. Collectively, these results demonstrate that SCP exerts anti-inflammatory function through inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK activation and inducing HO-1 expression in macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China. maoxueying@cau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jiajia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Tiange
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Xiaomin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Dongxiao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Naiyi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Xueling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xueying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D005998:Glycine / Q000737:chemistry; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008970:Molecular Weight; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D012616:Sea Cucumbers / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010455:Peptides; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; C496542:Hmox1 protein, mouse; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D005998:Glycine