title: Physiological and nutritional status of black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) grown in soil with interaction of high doses of copper and zinc.
abstract: Vineyard sandy acid soils from South Brazil have experienced heavy metal contamination due to replacement of copper (Cu)-based by zinc (Zn)-based products to control foliar diseases. Thus, we evaluate physiological and nutritional status of black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.), a common interrow crop in vineyards from this region. Soil was collected in a natural field from Santana do Livramento, in Rio Grande do Sul, the southernmost state of Brazil. Black oat was cultivated for 30 days in a greenhouse with application of 0, 30, and 60 mg Cu kg(-1) combined with 0, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 mg Zn kg(-1). After the trial period, dry matter accumulation of roots and shoots, Cu and Zn contents in roots and shoots, chlorophyll a fluorescence, photosynthetic pigments and catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) and peroxidase (POD, EC 1.11.1.7) activity were determined. Cu and Zn toxicity was evidenced by the decrease in plant growth of black oat as well as by the decrease of photochemical efficiency associated with the decrease in photosynthetic pigment content, especially with the highest doses of Cu and Zn. Furthermore, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT and POD) was increased in intermediate doses of Zn, indicating the activation of the antioxidant system, but the stress condition in treatments with high levels of Cu and Zn was not reversed.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciência do Solo da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: tadeu.t@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Tadeu L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Tiecher
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, 98400-000, Frederico Westphalen, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tales
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tiecher
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciência do Solo da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ceretta
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciência do Solo da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo A A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando T
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Nicoloso
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, CESNORS, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 98400-000, Frederico Westphalen, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Hilda H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Soriani
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciência do Solo da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adriele
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tassinari
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juçara Terezinha
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Paranhos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciência do Solo da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lessandro
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Conti
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciência do Solo da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brunetto
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D018554:Avena / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology*; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D018533:Biomass; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D000077194:Chlorophyll A; D003300:Copper / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004579:Electron Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D005453:Fluorescence; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D063245:Plant Development / Q000187:drug effects; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D015032:Zinc / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D012987:Soil; D002734:Chlorophyll; D003300:Copper; D002374:Catalase; D009195:Peroxidase; D015032:Zinc; D000077194:Chlorophyll A
keywords: Acid soils; Antioxidant enzymes; Cu- and Zn-based fungicides; Photosynthetic pigments; Potentially toxic elements