title: Enhanced Microwave Hyperthermia of Cancer Cells with Fullerene.
abstract: Hyperthermia generated with various energy sources including microwave has been widely studied for cancer treatment. However, the potential damage due to nontargeted heating of normal tissue is a major hurdle to its widespread application. Fullerene is a potential agent for improving cancer therapy with microwave hyperthermia but is limited by its poor solubility in water for biomedical applications. Here we report a combination therapy for enhanced cancer cell destruction by combining microwave heating with C60-PCNPs consisting of fullerene (C60) encapsulated in Pluronic F127-chitosan nanoparticles (PCNPs) with high water solubility. A cell culture dish integrated with an antenna was fabricated to generate microwave (2.7 GHz) for heating PC-3 human prostate cancer cells either with or without the C60-PCNPs. The cell viability data show that the C60-PCNPs alone have minimal cytotoxicity. The combination of microwave heating and C60-PCNPs is significantly more effective than the microwave heating alone in killing the cancer cells (7.5 versus 42.2% cell survival). Moreover, the combination of microwave heating and C60-PCNPs is significantly more destructive to the cancer cells than the combination of simple water-bath heating (with a similar thermal history to microwave heating) and C60-PCNPs (7.5 versus 32.5% survival) because the C60 in the many nanoparticles taken up by the cells can absorb the microwave energy and convert it into heat to enhance heating inside the cells under microwave irradiation. These data suggest the great potential of targeted heating via fullerene for enhanced cancer treatment by microwave hyperthermia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.
authors.forename: Mingrui
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: ElectroScience Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43212, United States.
authors.forename: Asimina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kiourti
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.|Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.
authors.forename: Shuting
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas 77030, United States.
authors.forename: Xiongbin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: ElectroScience Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43212, United States.
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Volakis
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.|Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.|Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.
authors.forename: Xiaoming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D037741:Fullerenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006361:Heating / Q000379:methods; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000379:methods; D008872:Microwaves / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D037741:Fullerenes; D048271:Chitosan; C069837:fullerene C60
keywords: Pluronic F127; chitosan; fullerene; hyperthermia; microwave