title: Knowledge and prevalence of Human African Trypanosomiasis among residents of Kachia grazing reserve, Kachia local government area, Kaduna state, Nigeria, 2012.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) is a vector borne parasitic disease transmitted to humans by infected tse-tse flies cause morbidity including delayed child mental development. Reports of nuisance and bites from tse-tse flies by residents of Kachia grazing led to the study to determine the knowledge, practices and prevalence of HAT among residents of the grazing reserve.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted active case search in a cross-sectional study using multi-stage sampling with probability proportionate to size. We administered structured questionnaire on Knowledge, practices relating to HAT prevention and screened for HAT using card agglutination test for Trypanosomiasis (CATT). Knowledge of HAT was scored 0-5 and categorized good (3-5) and poor (0-2) based on score, predisposition to risk of HAT as exposure to ≥two risk factors and, a case of HAT as any respondent that tested positive on CATT. We analysed data using Epi-info and MS-excel.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 300 respondents, mean age 39(±17years) interviewed, 56.3% were males, 12.0% had good knowledge of HAT and 76.3% were exposed to HAT risk factors. Prevention practices included clearing of overgrown bushes around houses (99%), use of insecticidal treated nets (75.7%) and protective clothing (41.0%). Males {Odds Ratio [OR] 5.0; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.8 - 13.6}, age above 40 years {OR 5.0; 95% CI 1.1 - 24.4} and family history of HAT {OR 8.7; 95% CI 2.4 - 32.1} were significantly associated with HAT knowledge. None tested positive on CATT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite poor knowledge of HAT, residents practiced HAT preventive measures and zero HAT prevalence was recorded.
authors.affiliation: Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programm (FELTP), Abuja, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Belinda Vernyuy
authors.initials: BV
authors.lastname: Uba
authors.affiliation: Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria (ABU), Zaria, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aliyu
authors.affiliation: Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria (ABU), Zaria, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Aisha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abubakar
authors.affiliation: Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH), Abuja, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Sabo Ado
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Uba
authors.affiliation: Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programm (FELTP), Abuja, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Saheed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gidado
authors.affiliation: Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programm (FELTP), Abuja, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Aboyowa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Edukugho
authors.affiliation: Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH), Abuja, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Ifeoma
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Anagbogu
authors.affiliation: Nigeria Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research (NITR), Kaduna, Nigeria.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kalejaiye
authors.affiliation: Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programm (FELTP), Abuja, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nguku
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000372:Agglutination Tests; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014353:Trypanosomiasis, African / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Human African Trypanosomiasis; knowledge; prevalence; preventive practices