title: Fasting during the suckling-weaning transient period of rats induces inflammatory gene expression in the adipose tissue and peripheral leukocytes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nutritional deficiency during developmental stages could be associated with subsequent development of inflammation-related metabolic abnormalities. In this study, we examined the effects of a 3-d fast during the suckling-weaning transient period of rats, and subsequent intake of high-fat-high-sucrose (HF) and low-fat-high-starch (LF) diets in adulthood, on the expression of inflammatory genes in adipose tissue and peripheral leukocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Sprague-Dawley rats were deprived of food for 3 d during the suckling-weaning transient period, and were subsequently fed an HF or LF diet for 14 wk from 17 wk of age. Serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) concentration and mRNA levels of inflammatory genes in mesenteric adipose tissues were assessed at 31 wk of age. The mRNA levels of inflammatory genes at 0 h and 2 h after oral glucose load at 30 wk of age in peripheral leukocytes were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fasting induced circulating MCP-1 protein in rats fed an LF diet but not an HF diet. The HF diet induced high mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and S100 proteins in peripheral leukocytes at 2 h after glucose load in fasted rats when compared with controls. Expression of CD11c, an activated macrophage marker, was induced in the fasted group given an HF diet during adulthood.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fasting rats during the suckling-weaning transient period and an HF diet intake during adulthood enhance inflammation by promoting the expression of inflammatory genes in adipose tissue and peripheral leukocytes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazue
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Honma
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Riko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mawatari
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Misa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iikeda
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan; Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Local Produce and Food Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan. Electronic address: Gouda@u-shizuoka-ken.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Toshinao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goda
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D000833:Animals, Suckling; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005215:Fasting / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators
keywords: Adipose tissue; Inflammation; Malnutrition; Peripheral leukocyte; Suckling-weaning transient period