title: Simultaneous Measurement of Fluorescence, Conversion and Physical/mechanical Properties for Monitoring Bulk and Localized Photopolymerization Reactions in Heterogeneous Systems.
abstract: An FT-NIR spectrometer, rheometer and fluorescence spectrophotometer were coupled for the real-time monitoring of polymerization reactions, allowing the simultaneous tracking of polymerization kinetics, storage modulus as well as fluorescence. In this study, a methacrylate functionalized dansyl chromophore (DANSMA) was synthesized and two different nanogels were made from urethane dimethacrylate and isobornyl methacrylate. Two series of resin formulations were prepared using the DANSMA probe, ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate as the matrix monomer, Irgacure®651 as the initiator and the dispersed, monomer-swollen nanogels to give clear UV-curable resins. Placement of the fluorescent probe either throughout the resin or linked into the nanogel before its dispersion in the matrix provides a tool to study how the nanogel structure affects local network development by means of fluorescence from the DANSMA probe. We demonstrate the potential of this new technique using a composite as the two phase system (resin and polymerizable nanogel) including a dansyl derivative as a polymerizable probe to follow the reactions that are taking places in both phases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave., Boulder, 80303, CO, USA; Department of Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, ICJP-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Medel
authors.affiliation: Department of Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, ICJP-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bosch
authors.affiliation: Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", Faculty of Medicine, 1470, Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grabchev
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave., Boulder, 80303, CO, USA.
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave., Boulder, 80303, CO, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave., Boulder, 80303, CO, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aguirre-Soto
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave., Boulder, 80303, CO, USA; Department of Craniofacial Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, 12800 East 19 Ave., Aurora, 80045, CO, USA.
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Stansbury