title: Effects of the polysaccharides extracted from Ganoderma lucidum on chemotherapy-related fatigue in mice.
abstract: The weight-loaded swimming capability, tumor growth, survival time and biochemical markers of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLPs) in a chemotherapy-related fatigue mouse model were tested in the present study. The results showed that the middle-dose GLPs (GLP-M) and the high-dose GLPs (GLP-H) could increase the exhausting swimming time, which was observed to decrease in the cisplatin control group(PCG) and the tumor control group (TCG).The GLP-M and the GLP-H had reduced serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin-6, which were up-regulated by cisplatin. Cisplatin and the presence of tumor significantly enhanced the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and inhibited the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the muscle. Administration of GLPs at a high dose decreased the levels of MDA and up-regulated the SOD activity. The high-dose GLPs+cisplatin group presented a decreased tendency of tumor volume and a lower tumor weight compared with PCG. Moreover, the mice in the GLP-M and GLP-H groups had longer survival times compared with the mice in the TCG and PCG.The levels of creatinine and serum blood urea nitrogen, which are up-regulated by cisplatin, were significantly reduced by GLP-M and GLP-H. Therefore, these results suggest that GLPs might improve chemotherapy-related fatigue via regulation of inflammatory responses, oxidative stress and reduction of nephrotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of the oncology centre, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510407, China; First Clinic Medical School, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, China.
authors.forename: Ming-Zi
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.affiliation: Department of the oncology centre, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510407, China; First Clinic Medical School, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, China. Electronic address: lizhulin903@139.com.
authors.forename: Li-Zhu
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of the oncology centre, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510407, China; First Clinic Medical School, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Jiao
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Department of the oncology centre, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510407, China; First Clinic Medical School, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.affiliation: Department of the oncology centre, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510407, China; First Clinic Medical School, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, China.
authors.forename: Zhuo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Department of the oncology centre, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510407, China.
authors.forename: Jie-Shan
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: Department of the oncology centre, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510407, China.
authors.forename: Shu-Tang
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of the oncology centre, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510407, China.
authors.forename: Ling-Ling
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of the oncology centre, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510407, China.
authors.forename: Han-Rui
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of the oncology centre, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510407, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000072283:A549 Cells; D000818:Animals; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004358:Drug Therapy; D005221:Fatigue / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020940:Reishi / Q000737:chemistry*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013550:Swimming; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha / Q000097:blood; D047368:Tumor Burden / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D011134:Polysaccharides; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D003404:Creatinine; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D002945:Cisplatin
keywords: Chemotherapy-Related fatigue; Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides; Mouse model