title: Central arterial stiffness is associated with systemic inflammation among Asians with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: To examine the relationship between inflammation and central arterial stiffness in a type 2 diabetes Asian cohort.
  
  
  
  Central arterial stiffness was estimated by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and augmentation index. Linear regression model was used to evaluate the association of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products with pulse wave velocity and augmentation index. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein was analysed as a continuous variable and categories (<1, 1-3, and >3 mg/L).
  
  
  
  There is no association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and pulse wave velocity. Augmentation index increased with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein as a continuous variable (β = 0.328, p = 0.049) and categories (β = 1.474, p = 0.008 for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein: 1-3 mg/L and β = 1.323, p = 0.019 for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein: >3 mg/L) after multivariable adjustment. No association was observed between augmentation index and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products. Each unit increase in natural log-transformed soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products was associated with 0.328 m/s decrease in pulse wave velocity after multivariable adjustment (p = 0.007).
  
  
  
  Elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and decreased soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products are associated with augmentation index and pulse wave velocity, respectively, suggesting the potential role of systemic inflammation in the pathogenesis of central arterial stiffness in type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Jian Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Centre, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore Department of Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Chee
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fang Sum
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Yeoh Lee
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Centre, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore Department of Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Subramaniam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tavintharan
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Xiao Wei
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Low
authors.affiliation: National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Simon Bm
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Wern Ee
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Centre, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore Department of Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore lim.su.chi@alexandrahealth.com.sg.
authors.forename: Su Chi
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012846:Singapore / Q000453:epidemiology; D059289:Vascular Stiffness; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: C-reactive protein; Type 2 diabetes; augmentation index; central arterial stiffness; pulse wave velocity; soluble advanced glycation end products