title: Association of fish consumption and dietary intake of marine n-3 PUFA with myocardial infarction in a prospective Danish cohort study.
abstract: Several studies have investigated the potential benefits of marine n-3 PUFA in CVD, generally suggesting a lower risk of CHD. However, recent trials have questioned these results. This study investigated the association of fish consumption with dietary intake of marine n-3 PUFA with incident myocardial infarction (MI). In a Danish cohort study, 57 053 subjects between 50 and 64 years of age were enrolled from 1993 to 1997. From national registries, we identified all cases of incident MI. Dietary fish consumption was assessed using a semi-quantitative food questionnaire, including twenty-six questions regarding fish intake. In addition, we calculated the intake of total and individual marine n-3 PUFA. During a median follow-up of 17·0 years, we identified 3089 cases of incident MI. For both men and women, a high intake of fatty fish was inversely related to incident MI. Thus, when comparing the highest and the lowest quintile of fatty fish intake, we found a 12 % lower relative risk of MI in men (hazard ratio (HR) 0·88; 95 % CI 0·77, 1·00) and a 22 % lower relative risk in women (HR 0·78; 95 % CI 0·63, 0·96) after adjustments. For women, similar associations were observed for individual and total marine n-3 PUFA. In contrast, intake of lean fish was not associated with MI. In conclusion, incident MI was inversely related to a high intake of fatty fish, but not lean fish. However, test for trends across quintiles was not statistically significant. In general, this study supports the view that consumption of fatty fish may protect against MI.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Cardiology,Aalborg University Hospital,9000Aalborg,Denmark.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gammelmark
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Cardiology,Aalborg University Hospital,9000Aalborg,Denmark.
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Cardiology,Aalborg University Hospital,9000Aalborg,Denmark.
authors.forename: Christian S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Bork
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Cardiology,Aalborg University Hospital,9000Aalborg,Denmark.
authors.forename: Søren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lundbye-Christensen
authors.affiliation: 3Danish Cancer Society Research Center,2100Copenhagen,Denmark.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tjønneland
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Cardiology,Aalborg University Hospital,9000Aalborg,Denmark.
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Overvad
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Cardiology,Aalborg University Hospital,9000Aalborg,Denmark.
authors.forename: Erik B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004034:Diet Surveys; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005399:Fishes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3
keywords: Cohort studies; DPA docosapentaenoic acid; Fish consumption; ICD; International Classification of Disease; MI; Marine n-3 PUFA; Myocardial infarction; myocardial infarction