title: Task and Resting-State fMRI Reveal Altered Salience Responses to Positive Stimuli in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder.
abstract: Altered brain function in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) has been repeatedly demonstrated by task-based and resting-state studies, respectively. However, less is known concerning whether overlapped abnormalities in functional activities across modalities exist in MDD patients. To find out the answer, we implemented an fMRI experiment and collected both task and resting-state data from 19 MDD patients and 19 matched, healthy, controls. A distraction paradigm involving emotionally valenced pictures was applied to induce affective responses in subjects. As a result, concurrent deficits were found in arousing activation during a positive task in both the reward circuit and salience network (SN) that is composed of the dorsal part of anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and bilateral anterior insulae (AI) in only the MDD group. Subsequent amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and functional connectivity analyses based on resting-state data exhibited consistent alterations in the bilateral AI of MDD patients, and indicated patients' difficulties in regulating the balance between central executive network (CEN) and default mode network (DMN) due to altered connectivity among the CEN, DMN, and SN. Our findings provide new evidence demonstrating impaired salience processing and resulting alterations in responses to positive stimuli in MDD patients. Furthermore, brain abnormalities synchronized across functional states in MDD patients can be evidenced by a combination of task and resting-state fMRI analyses.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Internet Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.|Department of Life Science and Informatics, Maebashi Institute of Technology, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.|Beijing International Collaboration Base on Brain Informatics and Wisdom Services, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of MRI and Brain Informatics, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Internet Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.|Department of Life Science and Informatics, Maebashi Institute of Technology, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.|International WIC Institute, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.|Beijing International Collaboration Base on Brain Informatics and Wisdom Services, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of MRI and Brain Informatics, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Department of Systems Life Engineering, Maebashi Institute of Technology, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imamura
authors.affiliation: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Internet Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.|International WIC Institute, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.|Beijing International Collaboration Base on Brain Informatics and Wisdom Services, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of MRI and Brain Informatics, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shengfu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Internet Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.|International WIC Institute, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.|Beijing International Collaboration Base on Brain Informatics and Wisdom Services, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of MRI and Brain Informatics, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Mi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Internet Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.|International WIC Institute, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.|Beijing International Collaboration Base on Brain Informatics and Wisdom Services, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of MRI and Brain Informatics, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: International WIC Institute, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.|Beijing International Collaboration Base on Brain Informatics and Wisdom Services, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of MRI and Brain Informatics, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Huaizhou
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: International WIC Institute, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.|Beijing International Collaboration Base on Brain Informatics and Wisdom Services, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of MRI and Brain Informatics, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaojing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Internet Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.|Department of Life Science and Informatics, Maebashi Institute of Technology, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.|Beijing International Collaboration Base on Brain Informatics and Wisdom Services, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of MRI and Brain Informatics, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhijiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Internet Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.|Mood Disorders Center, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Ubiquitous Awareness and Intelligent Solutions Lab, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: International WIC Institute, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.|Beijing Key Laboratory of MRI and Brain Informatics, Beijing, China.|Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Kuncheng
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D056344:Executive Function; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis