title: Fixation Characteristics of Severe Amblyopia Subtypes: Which One is Worse?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine differences in macular sensitivity and fixation patterns in different subtypes of severe amblyopia.
  
  
  METHODS
  This case-control study enrolled a total of 73 male adults, including 18 with pure strabismic severe amblyopia, 19 with pure anisometropic severe amblyopia, 18 with mixed (strabismic plus anizometropic) severe amblyopia, and 18 healthy controls. MP-1 microperimetry was used to evaluate macular sensitivity, location of fixation, and stability of fixation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean macular sensitivity, stability of fixation, and location of fixation were significantly worse in all amblyopia subtypes when compared with healthy controls. Intergroup comparisons between amblyopia subtypes revealed that mean macular sensitivity, stability of fixation, and location of fixation were significantly worse in pure strabismic and mixed amblyopic eyes when compared with pure anisometropic amblyopic eyes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Strabismus seems to be a worse prognostic factor in severe amblyopia than anisometropia in terms of fixation characteristics and retinal sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology , Tatvan Military Hospital , Bitlis , Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Talay
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Koylu
authors.affiliation: b Department of Ophthalmology , Gulhane Military Medical School , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: Gokhan
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0943-8917
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ozge
authors.affiliation: b Department of Ophthalmology , Gulhane Military Medical School , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kucukevcilioglu
authors.affiliation: b Department of Ophthalmology , Gulhane Military Medical School , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih Mehmet
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Mutlu
authors.affiliation: c Department of Ophthalmology , Medical Park Hospital , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: Osman Melih
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Ceylan
authors.affiliation: b Department of Ophthalmology , Gulhane Military Medical School , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: Dorukcan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Akıncıoglu
authors.affiliation: b Department of Ophthalmology , Gulhane Military Medical School , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: Onder
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ayyıldız
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000550:Amblyopia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005403:Fixation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D013285:Strabismus / Q000503:physiopathology; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Amblyopia; anisometropia; fixation; microperimeter-1; strabismus