title: The Protective Potential of Phyllanthus niruri and Corilagin on Gastric Lesions Induced in Rodents by Different Harmful Agents.
abstract: The gastroprotective effect of the methanol extract ofPhyllantus niruriand its main constituent, corilagin, were studiedin vivo. The extract (50, 125, or 250 mg/kg, p. o.) inhibited ethanol-induced lesions in rats by 43 % (p < 0.001), 69 % (p < 0.001), and 99 % (p < 0.001), respectively. It also inhibited the formation of indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats by 80 % (p < 0.01), 89 % (p < 0.01), and 97 % (p < 0.01). A decrease in lipid hydroperoxide levels (p < 0.01) and in myeloperoxidase activity (p < 0.05) evidenced a reduction of oxidative damage and neutrophil infiltration in gastric tissues from ulcerated mice using ethanol/HCl. Potentin vitrofree radical scavenger activity (IC50= 0.07) using the DPPH assay was observed. In contrast, the extract (250 mg/kg, i. d.) did not show antisecretory activity in pylorus-ligated rats, and also failed to inhibit the H+,K+-ATPase activityin vitro. However, in pylorus-ligated rats, the extract (50, 125, and 250 mg/kg, i. d.) increased adhered mucus content by 22 % (p < 0.05), 28 % (p < 0.01), and 38 % (p < 0.01), respectively. The involvement of prostaglandins, nonprotein endogenous sulfhydryl compounds,α2-receptors, and endogenous nitric oxide in the gastroprotection elicited by the extract was also evaluated. Finally, corilagin reduced the lesion area of ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in mice by 88 % (30 mg/kg, p. o.; p < 0.001). Based on these results, it has been concluded thatP. nirurimethanol extract possesses gastroprotective activity by different and complementary pathways, which together promote an improvement in gastric cytoprotection. The presence of corilagin may partially explain the effectiveness of the extract against gastric damage.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Klein-Júnior
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luísa Mota
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thaise
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Boeing
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lincon Bordignon
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Somensi
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Beber
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jady A R
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacognosia e Controle de Qualidade de Fitoterápicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Amélia T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Henriques
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sérgio F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí - UNIVALI, Itajaí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Valdir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cechinel-Filho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019610:Cytoprotection; D000431:Ethanol / Q000009:adverse effects; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005960:Glucosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D000432:Methanol; D051379:Mice; D009093:Mucus / Q000187:drug effects; D029803:Phyllanthus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D005960:Glucosides; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000431:Ethanol; C049096:corilagin; D007213:Indomethacin; D000432:Methanol