title: Ptosis Repair in Ocular Myasthenia Gravis.
abstract: Ptosis repair was performed in patients with ocular myasthenia gravis by a posterior approach (Fasanella-Servat, 12 eyelids of nine patients) or levator advancement (eight eyelids of five patients) techniques. There were eight males and five females. Median age was 73 years and range 30-86 years. The median duration of myasthenia was 10 years and range 2 to 28 years. Pyridostigmine and prednisone were widely used prior to surgical referral, but ineffective or intolerable in all. The mean preoperative upper margin-reflex distance (MRD) was 0.55 mm (range -1 to 2 mm). The levator excursion range was 10 to 16 mm and mean 12.4 mm. Mean follow-up was 9.1 months. Postoperatively, the MRD ranged from 0.5 to 4 mm, with a mean of 2.3 mm. Two patients had lagophthalmos postoperatively (one posterior approach, one levator advancement) that did not require correction. Three of five patients who underwent levator advancement required repeat ptosis repair.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.
authors.forename: Michel J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Belliveau
authors.affiliation: a Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Oestreicher
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009157:Myasthenia Gravis / Q000150:complications*; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery*; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011729:Pyridostigmine Bromide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D011729:Pyridostigmine Bromide; D011241:Prednisone
keywords: Eyelid; Fasanella–Servat; levator advancement; oculoplastic surgery; posterior ptosis repair