title: Cycloheximide Inhibits Actin Cytoskeletal Dynamics by Suppressing Signaling via RhoA.
abstract: Genome-wide screening of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae knockout collection was used to characterize chemical-genetic interactions of cycloheximide (CHX). The results showed that while the act1Δ mutant was the only deletion mutant in the heterozygous essential gene deletion collection that showed hypersensitivity to sub-inhibitory concentrations of CHX, deletion of nonessential genes that work in concert with either cytoplasmic or nuclear actin in the homozygous deletion collection also highly sensitized yeast to CHX. Fluorescence microscopy analysis revealed that CHX disrupts filamentous actin structures and fluid phase endocytosis in the yeast cell. It also showed that CHX disrupts transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced actin reorganization and polygonal architecture of microfilaments in mammalian cells. This inhibitory effect is mediated, at least in part, through the actin dynamics signaling pathway via suppression of activation of the small GTPase RhoA. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2886-2898, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Targets Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick National Lab, Frederick 21702, Maryland.
authors.forename: Emad
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Darvishi
authors.affiliation: Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Molecular Targets Laboratory, Frederick National Lab, Frederick 21702, Maryland. woldemichaelg@mail.nih.gov.
authors.forename: Girma M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Woldemichael
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D003513:Cycloheximide; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein
keywords: ACTIN CYTOSKELETON; CYCLOHEXIMIDE; MICROFILAMENTS; SMALL GTPase RhoA; YEAST KNOCKOUT COLLECTION