title: Rhodioloside ameliorates depressive behavior via up-regulation of monoaminergic system activity and anti-inflammatory effect in olfactory bulbectomized rats.
abstract: Rhodioloside, a major constituent from roots of Rhodiola rosea, has been previously confirmed to alleviate the hyperactivity in olfactory bulbectomized (OBX) rats exposed to the open field and to decrease the immobility time in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). However, its antidepressant effects and mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the antidepressant effect and the potential mechanisms of rhodioloside in OBX rats. ELISA kits, HPLC-MS and western blot analysis were applied to explore the underlying antidepressant mechanisms of rhodioloside. Rhodioloside (20, 40mg/kg) significantly reversed OBX-induced reduction in sucrose consumption. It was also observed that administration of rhodioloside (20, 40mg/kg) decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and inhibits nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation, as well as normalized the monoaminergic system changes in prefrontal cortex (PFC) of OBX rats. These results confirmed the antidepressant-like effect of rhodioloside, which might be primarily based on its up-regulation of the monoaminergic system activity and anti-inflammatory effect.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu 610075, China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: General Clinical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Qianming
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, 82 Qing Long Street, Chengdu 610031, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Neurobiology Laboratory, Jiangsu Center for Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Jianing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: University College London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Suqian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu 610075, China. Electronic address: jgduan2016@163.com.
authors.forename: Junguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Duan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines / Q000378:metabolism*; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005960:Glucosides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000601:surgery; D010636:Phenols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D029771:Rhodiola / Q000276:immunology*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines; D005960:Glucosides; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010636:Phenols; C009172:rhodioloside
keywords: Depression; Monoaminergic system; NF-κB; Olfactory bulbectomy; Pro-inflammatory cytokine; Rhodioloside