title: [Long-term effects of continuous positive airway pressure treatment on subclinical atherosclerosis in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Our objective was to evaluate subclinical atherosclerosis in OSA patients and the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT).
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 125 patients with suspected OSA. After polysomnography, 107 patients were diagnosed with OSA; 58 of these met the criteria for CPAP treatment. cIMT was measured by ultrasonography at baseline in all patients and after 2 years of follow up in 50 patients on CPAP and 35 without CPAP treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average cIMT was significantly thicker in OSA than in non-OSA patients (665±120 vs. 581±78μm, P=.005) and did not differ according to OSA severity. Atheromatous carotid plaque was more prevalent in OSA than non-OSA patients (48 vs. 2%, P=.004). Among OSA patients, the mean cIMT remained stable over time in the group without CPAP, whereas cIMT decreased markedly in the CPAP group (679±122 vs. 631±117μm, P<.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased cIMT was associated with presence of OSA, but not with its severity. Carotid ultrasound in OSA is a reliable marker of atherosclerosis. CPAP treatment with CPAP in OSA reduces cIMT and cardiovascular risk.
authors.affiliation: Unidad del Sueño, Sección de Neumología, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, España. Electronic address: raqcatala@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Català
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Recerca de Lípids i Arteriosclerosi (URLA), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Reus, Tarragona, España.
authors.forename: Raimon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ferré
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Recerca de Lípids i Arteriosclerosi (URLA), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Reus, Tarragona, España.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cabré
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Recerca de Lípids i Arteriosclerosi (URLA), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Reus, Tarragona, España.
authors.forename: Josefa
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Girona
authors.affiliation: Unidad del Sueño, Sección de Neumología, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, España.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Porto
authors.affiliation: Unidad del Sueño, Sección de Neumología, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, España.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Texidó
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Recerca de Lípids i Arteriosclerosi (URLA), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Reus, Tarragona, España.
authors.forename: Lluís
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Masana
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D045422:Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Apnea del sueño; Arteriosclerosis; Atherosclerosis; Carotid intima-media thickness; Continuous positive airway pressure; Grosor íntima-media carotídeo; Obstructive sleep apnea; Presión positiva continua de vías aéreas