title: Quantitative analysis of methyl and propyl parabens in neonatal DBS using LC-MS/MS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Excipients are used to overcome the chemical, physical and microbiological challenges posed by developing formulated medicines. Both methyl and propyl paraben are commonly used in pediatric liquid formulations. There is no data on systemic exposure to parabens in neonates. The European Study of Neonatal Exposure to Excipients project has investigated this. Results & methodology: DBS sampling was used to collect opportunistic blood samples. Parabens were extracted from the DBS and analyzed using a validated LC-MS/MS assay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The above assay was applied to analyze neonatal DBS samples. The blood concentrations of parabens in neonates confirm systemic exposure to parabens following administration of routine medicines.
authors.affiliation: Clinical & Practice Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL Northern Ireland, UK.
authors.forename: Shirish
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yakkundi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Glenfield Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: Hussain
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mulla
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: Hitesh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pandya
authors.affiliation: Department of Women's & Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.affiliation: Clinical & Practice Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL Northern Ireland, UK.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McElnay
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D059788:Dried Blood Spot Testing / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D057230:Limit of Detection; D010226:Parabens / Q000032:analysis*; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical / Q000032:analysis*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D010226:Parabens; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical; C015358:methylparaben; C006068:propylparaben
keywords: DBS; acceptable daily intake; excipient kinetics; internal standard; parabens; solid phase extraction