title: Reduced Neurite Density in Neuronal Cell Cultures Exposed to Serum of Patients with Bipolar Disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Increased inflammatory markers and oxidative stress have been reported in serum among patients with bipolar disorder (BD). The aim of this study is to assess whether biochemical changes in the serum of patients induces neurotoxicity in neuronal cell cultures.
  
  
  METHODS
  We challenged the retinoic acid-differentiated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells with the serum of BD patients at early and late stages of illness and assessed neurite density and cell viability as neurotoxic endpoints.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Decreased neurite density was found in neurons treated with the serum of patients, mostly patients at late stages of illness. Also, neurons challenged with the serum of late-stage patients showed a significant decrease in cell viability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings showed that the serum of patients with bipolar disorder induced a decrease in neurite density and cell viability in neuronal cultures.
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wollenhaupt-Aguiar
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pfaffenseller
authors.forename: Vinicius de Saraiva
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Chagas
authors.forename: Mauro A A
authors.initials: MAA
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Ives Cavalcante
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Passos
authors.forename: Márcia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kauer-Sant'Anna
authors.forename: Flavio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kapczinski
authors.forename: Fábio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Klamt
keywords: RA-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells; bipolar disorder; neurite density; systemic toxicity