title: The California Tri-pull Taping Method in the Treatment of Shoulder Subluxation After Stroke: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Shoulder subluxation is a frequent occurrence in individuals following a stroke. Although various methods of treatment are available, none of them address all possible consequences of the subluxation pain, limited range of motion, the subluxation, and decreased functional use of the arm.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of California tri-pull taping (CTPT) method on shoulder subluxation, pain, active shoulder flexion, and upper limb functional recovery after stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a randomized control study on 30 participants. All participants received conventional neurorehabilitation 5 days a week over 6 weeks. Half of the participants also received the CTPT. Pre- and post-assessment scores were taken on all participants for the amount of shoulder subluxation, pain, active shoulder flexion, and functional recovery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CTPT method demonstrated a significant reduction of pain in the treatment group from baseline, a significant improvement in active shoulder flexion and a significant improvement in proximal arm function as measured on the proximal subscale on the Fugl-Meyer upper extremity functional Scale but not the distal or total Fugl-Meyer subscales. Shoulder subluxation was not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CTPT method is an effective treatment for the hemiplegic subluxed shoulder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy , Maharishi Markandeshwar University , Ambala, Haryana , India.
authors.forename: Subhasish
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Therapy , Samuel Merritt University , Oakland, CA 94609 , USA.
authors.forename: Kate A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Hayner
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy , Punjabi University , Patiala, Punjab , India.
authors.forename: Narkeesh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arumugam
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy , Maharishi Markandeshwar University , Ambala, Haryana , India.
authors.forename: Manu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goyal
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy , Maharishi Markandeshwar University , Ambala, Haryana , India.
authors.forename: Divya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Midha
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy , Maharishi Markandeshwar University , Ambala, Haryana , India.
authors.forename: Ashima
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arora
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy , Maharishi Markandeshwar University , Ambala, Haryana , India.
authors.forename: Sorabh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy , Maharishi Markandeshwar University , Ambala, Haryana , India.
authors.forename: Senthil P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Kumar
keywords: Shoulder dislocation; shoulder subluxation; strapping; stroke; taping; treatment outcome; upper extremity