title: [CAUSES AND PREVENTION OF POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING AFTER ADENOTONSILLECTOMY IN CHILDREN IN THE GENERAL ANESTHESIA].
abstract: The aim of the research is to determine the reasons of post operative nausea and vomiting and to compare the efficiency of taken PONVprophylaxis after adenotonsillectomy with general anesthesia in children. 155 patients took part in the research work at the age from 3 to 10 years, of ASAI-II physical status, who were operated on in planned order because of adenotonsillectomy. The patients were divided into 5 groups according to the type of holding PONV prophylaxis. The 1-st group consisted of 30 patients who were given antiemetic--Metoclopramidum (0.15 mg/kg); the 2-nd group (30 patients) was given ondansetronum (0.1 mg/kg); the 3-d group also consisted of 30 patients who were given Dexamethasone (0.2 mg/kg, but not more than 8 mg); the 4-th included 30 patients who were given Dexamethasone (0.2 mg/kg, but not more than 8 mg) and Metoclopramidum (0,15 mg/kg) as the antiemetic; the 5-th group the test one, included 35 patients who were not given PONVprophylaxis. During the first day after the operation the amount of nausea and vomiting have been estimated, the time of occurrence and the character of vomiting. According to the results of the research the PONV in postoperative period consisted 22.6% in which in 13.6% vomiting with blood was pointed out during coming out from general anesthesia, and in early post operative period (p < 0.01), which is connected with blood swallowing on the phase of awaking or possible postoperative bleeding. According to given prophylaxis the least number of PONV is revealed in the group which was given ondansetronum, and the high frequency of post operative nausea and vomiting was pointed out in the group which wasn't given prophylaxis of PONV.
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Tolasov
authors.forename: I F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Ostreykov
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Babaev
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Shishkov
mesh_terms: D000233:Adenoidectomy / Q000379:methods*; D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D014068:Tonsillectomy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics