title: The Lake Chad Basin, an Isolated and Persistent Reservoir of Vibrio cholerae O1: A Genomic Insight into the Outbreak in Cameroon, 2010.
abstract: The prevalence of reported cholera was relatively low around the Lake Chad basin until 1991. Since then, cholera outbreaks have been reported every couple of years. The objective of this study was to investigate the 2010/2011 Vibrio cholerae outbreak in Cameroon to gain insight into the genomic make-up of the V. cholerae strains responsible for the outbreak. Twenty-four strains were isolated and whole genome sequenced. Known virulence genes, resistance genes and integrating conjugative element (ICE) elements were identified and annotated. A global phylogeny (378 genomes) was inferred using a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. The Cameroon outbreak was found to be clonal and clustered distant from the other African strains. In addition, a subset of the strains contained a deletion that was found in the ICE element causing less resistance. These results suggest that V. cholerae is endemic in the Lake Chad basin and different from other African strains.
authors.affiliation: National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens and European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Rolf S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kaas
authors.affiliation: Centre Pasteur du Cameroon, Service Hygiène et Environnement section Microbiologie, P.O. Box 1274, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Antoinette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ngandjio
authors.affiliation: Centre Pasteur du Cameroon, Laboratory of Bacteriology, P.O. Box 1274, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Ariane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nzouankeu
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Science, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand.|Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
authors.forename: Achiraya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Siriphap
authors.affiliation: Centre Pasteur du Cameroon, Laboratory of Bacteriology, P.O. Box 1274, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Marie-Christine
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Fonkoua
authors.affiliation: National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens and European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Frank M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Aarestrup
authors.affiliation: National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens and European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Rene S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Hendriksen
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002163:Cameroon / Q000453:epidemiology; D002771:Cholera / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000266:history / Q000382:microbiology*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004197:Disease Reservoirs; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D005838:Genotype; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D060106:Lakes / Q000382:microbiology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D010802:Phylogeny; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D065288:Serogroup; D041241:Vibrio cholerae O1 / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents