title: Effects of dietary protein and energy levels on digestive enzyme activities and electrolyte composition in the small intestinal fluid of geese.
abstract: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary protein and energy levels on digestive enzymes and electrolyte composition in jejunum of geese. A 3×3 factorial and completely randomized design was adopted with three protein levels and three energy levels. The experiment included four replicates for each treatment, and three geese for each replicate. Isovolumetric supernate from centrifugal jejuna fluid were mixed in each replicate. Activities of digestive enzymes and ions were analyzed. The results showed trypsin and chymotrypsin activities were significantly increased with increasing of dietary protein and energy levels (P<0.05). The concentrations of Ca2+and pH value were significantly decreased by increased dietary protein and energy levels. However, no significant differences were found for the activities of amylase and cellulase, as well as the concentration of Na+among groups with different protein and energy levels. In conclusion, digesta enzymes and electrolytes in the small intestine adapted to the protein and energy levels. The activities of protease, rather than amylase and cellulase were induced with increasing of protein and energy levels. The imbalance of positive and negative ions was possibly adjusted by the fluctuant concentrations of K+, Cl-and Ca2+for maintaining normal physiological function.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, China.|Guangdong GuangKen Animal Husbandry Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yongchang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shuangshuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shenshen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhipeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Wence
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002713:Chlorine / Q000378:metabolism; D002918:Chymotrypsin / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005777:Geese / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007583:Jejunum / Q000378:metabolism*; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D014357:Trypsin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D004573:Electrolytes; D002713:Chlorine; D002918:Chymotrypsin; D014357:Trypsin; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium
keywords: electrolytes; energy; enzymes; protein