title: Real-World Analysis of Medical Costs and Healthcare Resource Utilization in Elderly Women with HR+/HER2- Metastatic Breast Cancer Receiving Everolimus-Based Therapy or Chemotherapy.
abstract: The objective of this study was to analyze medical costs and healthcare resource utilization (HRU) associated with everolimus-based therapy or chemotherapy among elderly women with hormone-receptor-positive, human-epidermal-growth-factor-receptor-2-negative (HR+/HER2-) metastatic breast cancer (mBC).
  
  
  
  Elderly women (≥65 years) with HR+/HER2- mBC who failed a non-steroidal-aromatase-inhibitor and subsequently began a new line of treatment with everolimus-based therapy or chemotherapy for mBC (index therapy) during July 20, 2012 to March 31, 2014 were identified from two large commercial claims databases. All-cause, BC-, and adverse event (AE)-related medical costs (2014 USD), and all-cause and AE-related HRU per patient per month (PPPM) were compared between patients treated with everolimus-based therapy and chemotherapy across their first four lines of therapy for mBC. Adjusted costs and HRU differences were estimated by pooling all lines and using multivariable models adjusted for differences in patient characteristics.
  
  
  
  In total, 925 elderly patients (mean age approximately 73 years) with HR+/HER2- mBC met the inclusion criteria; 230 received everolimus-based therapy (240 lines) and 737 received chemotherapy (939 lines). Compared with chemotherapy, everolimus-based therapy was associated with significantly lower total all-cause PPPM medical services costs (adjusted mean difference: $4007), driven by lower inpatient ($1994) and outpatient ($1402) costs; lower BC-related medical services costs ($3129), driven by both BC-related inpatient ($1883) and outpatient costs ($913); and lower AE-related medical services costs ($1873; all P < 0.01). Additionally, compared to patients treated with chemotherapy, patients treated with everolimus-based therapy had fewer all-cause outpatient visits (adjusted incidence rate ratio = 0.69), BC-related outpatient visits (0.66), other-medical-service visits (0.65), and AE-related HRU (0.59), which was driven by significantly fewer AE-related outpatient visits (0.56; all P < 0.01). Subgroup analyses comparing medical costs of everolimus-based therapy with capecitabine monotherapy showed consistent results overall.
  
  
  
  This retrospective claims database analysis of elderly women with HR+/HER2- mBC in the United States showed that everolimus-based therapy was associated with significantly lower all-cause, BC-related, and AE-related medical services costs and less use of healthcare resources compared with chemotherapy.
  
  
  
  Novartis.
authors.affiliation: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Yanni
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Nanxin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Anna P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.affiliation: Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Miranda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peeples
authors.affiliation: Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kageleiry
authors.affiliation: Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Eric Q
authors.initials: EQ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Analysis Group, Inc., Montreal, QC, Canada. annie.guerin@analysisgroup.com.
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guérin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics / Q000473:pathology; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016208:Databases, Factual; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000032:analysis; D000068338:Everolimus / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D015276:Health Care Rationing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007345:Insurance Claim Review; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D000068338:Everolimus; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases
keywords: Chemotherapy; Costs; Elderly; Everolimus-based therapy; HR+/HER2− metastatic breast cancer; Healthcare resource utilization; Oncology