title: Elevated levels of tissue plasminogen activator and E-selectin in male children with autism spectrum disorder.
abstract: Although the etiopathology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is not clear, immune dysfunction has been proposed as a mechanism for the pathophysiology of ASD. The purpose of this study is to examine serum levels of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and some adhesion molecules in children with ASD that have not been investigated previously in detail. The study group included 35 male children aged from 2 to 9 diagnosed with ASD according to DSM-V criteria. Soluble platelet endothelial adhesion molecule-1 (sPECAM-1), P-selectin, E-selectin, and t-PA in the serum were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Autism behavior check list (ABC) is used for the assessment of ASD severity. The levels of t-PA (P = 0.025) and E-selectin (P = 0.007) was detected significantly higher in children with ASD than control group. Serum levels of sPECAM-1 showed statistically significant negative correlation with sensory, body and object-use, language, social, and self-help and total scores in the patient group (r = -0.349, P = 0.04; r = -0.411, P = 0.01; r = -0.412, P = 0.01; r = -0.417, P = 0.01, and r = -0.531, P < 0.01, respectively). Serum levels of P-selectin levels showed statistically significant negative correlation with ABC total score in the patient group (r = -0.378, P = 0.03). It may be suggested that t-PA, E-selectin, P-selectin, and sPECAM-1 a crucial role in inflammatory conditions in children with ASD. Autism Res 2016, 9: 1241-1247. © 2016 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Psychiatry, Dicle University, Medical School, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
authors.forename: Şeref
authors.initials: Ş
authors.lastname: Şimşek
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Batman University, School of Health Sciences, Batman, Turkey.
authors.forename: İhsan
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Çetin
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Dicle University, Medical School, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Çim
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Dicle University, Medical School, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
authors.forename: Savaş
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaya
mesh_terms: D000067877:Autism Spectrum Disorder / Q000097:blood*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D019040:E-Selectin; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator
keywords: Autism spectrum disorder; inflammation; sPECAM-1; selectin; tissue plasminogen activator