title: Association of perfluoroalkyl substances exposure in utero with reproductive hormone levels in cord blood in the Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health.
abstract: Exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) may disrupt reproductive function in animals and humans. Although PFASs can cross the human placental barrier, few studies evaluated the effects of prenatal PFAS exposure on the fetus' reproductive hormones.
  
  
  
  To explore the associations of prenatal exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) with cord blood reproductive hormones.
  
  
  
  In the prospective birth cohort (Sapporo cohort of the Hokkaido study), we included 189 mother-infant pairs recruited in 2002-2005 with both prenatal maternal and cord blood samples. PFOS and PFOA levels in maternal blood after the second trimester were measured via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We also measured cord blood levels of the fetuses' reproductive hormones, including estradiol (E2), total testosterone (T), progesterone (P4), inhibin B, insulin-like factor 3, steroid hormone binding globulin, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone, and prolactin (PRL).
  
  
  
  The median PFOS and PFOA levels in maternal serum were 5.2ng/mL and 1.4ng/mL, respectively. In the fully adjusted linear regression analyses of the male infants, maternal PFOS levels were significantly associated with E2 and positively, and T/E2, P4, and inhibin B inversely; PFOA levels were positively associated with inhibin B levels. Among the female infants, there were significant inverse associations between PFOS levels and P4 and PRL levels, although there were no significant associations between PFOA levels and the female infants' reproductive hormone levels.
  
  
  
  These results suggest that the fetal synthesis and secretion of reproductive hormones may be affected by in utero exposure to measurable levels of PFOS and PFOA.
authors.affiliation: Center for Environmental Health and Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Sachiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.affiliation: Center for Environmental Health and Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mitsui
authors.affiliation: Center for Environmental Health and Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Chihiro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Miyashita
authors.affiliation: Center for Environmental Health and Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Houman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Goudarzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Genecology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazutoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.affiliation: Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Kushiro Rosai Hospital, Kushiro, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nonomura
authors.affiliation: Center for Environmental Health and Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. Electronic address: rkishi@med.hokudai.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Reiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kishi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids / Q000097:blood*; D002210:Caprylates / Q000097:blood*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000097:blood*; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013002:Somatomedins / Q000032:analysis*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids; D002210:Caprylates; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D006728:Hormones; D013002:Somatomedins; C023036:perfluorooctanoic acid; C076994:perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
keywords: Birth cohort; Cord blood; Perfluoroalkyl substances; Prenatal exposure; Reproductive hormones