title: Thinned stone fruits are a source of polyphenols and antioxidant compounds.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Thinned fruits are agricultural by-products that contain large quantities of interesting compounds due to their early maturity stage. In this work, the phenolic profile and the antioxidant activity of six thinned stone fruits (apricot, cherry, flat peach, peach, plum and nectarine) have been investigated, focussing on proanthocyanidins.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thinned nectarine had the highest content of total phenols [67.43 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) g-1dry weight (DW)] and total flavonoids (56.97 mg CE g-1DW) as well as the highest antioxidant activity measured by DPPH scavenging (133.30 mg [Trolox equivalents (TE) g-1DW] and FRAP assay (30.42 mg TE g-1DW). Proanthocyanidins were very abundant in these by-products, and the main phenolic group quantified in cherry (10.54 mg g-1DW), flat peach (33.47 mg g-1DW) and nectarine (59.89 mg g-1DW), while hydroxycinnamic acids predominate in apricot, peach and plum (6.67, 22.04 and 23.75 mg g-1DW, respectively). The low, mean degree of polymerisation of proanthocyanidins suggests that their bioavailability could be very high.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that thinned stone fruit extracts might be used as antioxidants in foods or as a source of compounds with health-related benefits that can be used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2-(Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Redondo
authors.affiliation: Parque Científico Tecnológico Aula Dei, Avda. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arias
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2-(Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oria
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2-(Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: María E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Venturini
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000191:economics; D000069599:Crop Production / Q000191:economics; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000191:economics / Q000254:growth & development; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000191:economics; D005520:Food Preservatives / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005612:Freeze Drying; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000191:economics / Q000254:growth & development; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis* / Q000191:economics; D015394:Molecular Structure; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D027861:Prunus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development; D000068239:Prunus persica / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development; D012621:Seasons; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002934:Cinnamates; D003358:Cosmetics; D005520:Food Preservatives; D007220:Industrial Waste; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical; D044945:Proanthocyanidins
keywords: antioxidant activity; by-products; hydroxycinnamic acids; proanthocyanidins; thinned stone fruits