title: Combination of micellar casein with calcium and vitamins D2 and K2 improves bone status of ovariectomized mice.
abstract: Nutritional approaches may help to preserve bone quality. The purpose of our study was to demonstrate the efficiency of an innovative bone health product (BHP) including micellar casein rich in calcium, vitamin D2 and vitamin K2, to improve bone mineral density.
  
  
  
  The aim of postmenopausal osteoporosis treatment is to decrease bone resorption and/or increase bone formation. Because of the slow bone turnover, osteoporosis prevention and therapies are long-lasting, implying great costs and poor compliance. Even if the effects of nutrition on bone are not as marked as that of pharmaceutical agents, it can be of great help. The purpose of our study was to demonstrate the efficiency of an innovative bone health product (BHP) containing micellar casein rich in calcium, vitamin D2 and vitamin K2, for the improvement of bone mineral density (BMD).
  
  
  
  An ovariectomized mice model was used to study the effect of different concentrations of the ingredient on BMD and microarchitectural parameters. Blood concentrations of C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), N-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagene (PINP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC) and RANKL were also measured to evaluate bone remodelling, To evaluate the efficiency of the product to modulate osteoblast and osteoclast growth and differentiation, primary murine bone cells were used.
  
  
  
  In vivo studies showed that BMD and microarchitectural parameters were dose-dependently improved after ingestion of the supplement for 3 months. We also report increased osteoblast activity as shown by increased OC activity and decreased osteoclastogenesis as shown by reduced CTX activity. In vitro studies support that BHPs stimulate osteoblast differentiation and mineralization and inhibit osteoclast resorption activity.
  
  
  
  Our results show that, when chronically ingested, BHPs improve BMD of ovariectomized mice. This work supports that providing an ingredient including micellar casein rich in calcium, vitamin D2 and vitamin K2 is more efficient than the control diet to maintain bone quality.
authors.affiliation: Ingredia SA, 51 Av. Lobbedez, 62033, Arras Cedex, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boulier
authors.affiliation: Ingredia SA, 51 Av. Lobbedez, 62033, Arras Cedex, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.affiliation: University Orléans, I3MTO, EA 4708, 45032, Orléans, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lespesailles
authors.affiliation: Ingredia SA, 51 Av. Lobbedez, 62033, Arras Cedex, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baniel
authors.affiliation: UMR Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 75005, Paris, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tomé
authors.affiliation: UMR Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 75005, Paris, France. blais@agroparistech.fr.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blais
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects*; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002364:Caseins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004872:Ergocalciferols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008823:Micelles; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D010052:Ovariectomy; D014815:Vitamins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002364:Caseins; D004872:Ergocalciferols; D008823:Micelles; D014815:Vitamins; D015675:Osteocalcin; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Bone health product; Bone metabolism; Micellar casein with calcium; Microarchitecture; Ovariectomized mice model; Vitamin D2; Vitamin K2