title: Income in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer.
abstract: Little is known about the impact of childhood cancer on the personal income of survivors. We compared income between survivors and siblings, and determined factors associated with income.
  
  
  
  As part of the Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (SCCSS), a questionnaire was sent to survivors, aged ≥18 years, registered in the Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry (SCCR), diagnosed at age <21 years, who had survived ≥5 years after diagnosis of the primary tumor. Siblings were used as a comparison group. We asked questions about education, profession and income and retrieved clinical data from the SCCR. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify characteristics associated with income.
  
  
  
  We analyzed data from 1'506 survivors and 598 siblings. Survivors were less likely than siblings to have a high monthly income (>4'500 CHF), even after we adjusted for socio-demographic and educational factors (OR = 0.46, p<0.001). Older age, male sex, personal and parental education, and number of working hours were associated with high income. Survivors of leukemia (OR = 0.40, p<0.001), lymphoma (OR = 0.63, p = 0.040), CNS tumors (OR = 0.22, p<0.001), bone tumors (OR = 0.24, p = 0.003) had a lower income than siblings. Survivors who had cranial irradiation, had a lower income than survivors who had no cranial irradiation (OR = 0.48, p = 0.006).
  
  
  
  Even after adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics, education and working hours, survivors of various diagnostic groups have lower incomes than siblings. Further research needs to identify the underlying causes.
authors.affiliation: Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.|Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wengenroth
authors.affiliation: Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Grit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sommer
authors.affiliation: Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schindler
authors.affiliation: Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ben D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Spycher
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Unit, University Children's Hospital Basel (UKBB), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Nicolas X
authors.initials: NX
authors.lastname: von der Weid
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Unit, University Hospital Bern (Inselspital), Bern Switzerland.
authors.forename: Eveline
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stutz-Grunder
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences and Health Policy, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Gisela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Michel
authors.affiliation: Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Claudia E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Kuehni
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D002648:Child; D004522:Educational Status; D004651:Employment / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D035781:Siblings; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013557:Switzerland / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult