title: Rhodotorula glutinis-potential source of lipids, carotenoids, and enzymes for use in industries.
abstract: Rhodotorula glutinis is capable of synthesizing numerous valuable compounds with a wide industrial usage. Biomass of this yeast constitutes sources of microbiological oils, and the whole pool of fatty acids is dominated by oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acid. Due to its composition, the lipids may be useful as a source for the production of the so-called third-generation biodiesel. These yeasts are also capable of synthesizing carotenoids such as β-carotene, torulene, and torularhodin. Due to their health-promoting characteristics, carotenoids are commonly used in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries. They are also used as additives in fodders for livestock, fish, and crustaceans. A significant characteristic of R. glutinis is its capability to produce numerous enzymes, in particular, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL). This enzyme is used in the food industry in the production of L-phenylalanine that constitutes the substrate for the synthesis of aspartame-a sweetener commonly used in the food industry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Food Evaluation, Faculty of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland. anna_kot@sggw.pl.
authors.forename: Anna M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kot
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Food Evaluation, Faculty of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Stanisław
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Błażejak
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Food Evaluation, Faculty of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kurcz
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Food Evaluation, Faculty of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gientka
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Food Evaluation, Faculty of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kieliszek
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels / Q000382:microbiology; D018533:Biomass; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004798:Enzymes / Q000737:chemistry*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007218:Industrial Microbiology; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000378:metabolism; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012248:Rhodotorula / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D004798:Enzymes; D005227:Fatty Acids; D019207:beta Carotene; D019301:Oleic Acid; D019308:Palmitic Acid; D002338:Carotenoids; D010649:Phenylalanine; C078922:torulene; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase; C078923:torularhodin
keywords: Oleaginous yeast; Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; Torularhodin; Torulene; β-Carotene