title: [Solanine inhibits prostate cancer Du145 xenograft growth in nude mice by inducing cell cycle arrest in G1/S phase].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of solanine on the growth of human prostate cancer cell xenograft in nude mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human prostate cancer Du145 cells were injected into the subcutaneous layers on the back of nude mice. After a week, the mice bearing subcutaneous tumor graft were randomly divided into solanine treatment group and saline control group for treatment for 3 weeks. The tumor grafts were then harvested to evaluate the inhibition rate. The mRNA and protein expressions of cell cycle-related genes in the tumors were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively, and tumor cell apoptosis was detected using TUNEL method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tumor growth rate in solanine-treated group was significantly slower than that in the control group (P<0.01). The mRNA and protein expressions of C-myc, cyclin D1, cyclin E1, CDK2, CDK4 and CDK6 were significantly inhibited by solanine. Solanine significantly up-regulated p21 mRNA and protein expression in the tumors and induced a higher apoptosis rate of the tumor cells than saline (P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The tumor-inhibition effect of solanine is probably mediated by regulating the expressions of genes related with G1/S cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.E-mail: Zhongweifengzwf@126.com.
authors.forename: Wei-Feng
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Si-Ping
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Zhao-Feng
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Jin-Guang
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Fang-Jian
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D016213:Cyclins / Q000378:metabolism; D059585:G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation / Q000473:pathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D016196:S Phase; D012992:Solanine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016213:Cyclins; D012992:Solanine; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases