title: Tudor tells about new twists in the story tale of SMURFs.
abstract: Smad ubiquitin regulatory factors (SMURFS) belong to the HECT- family of E3 ubiquitin ligases. This family has two members, SMURF1 and SMURF2. SMURFs have emerged as well studied negative regulators of TGF induced intracellular signaling. However, increasingly it is being realized that SMURFs tactfully modulate an array of proteins in different cancers. This review sets spotlight on how SMURF1 and SMURF2 communicate with effectors of different signaling pathways during the multistep progression to cancer. We also summarize how microRNAs (miRNAs) effectively control SMURFs in different cancers. Role of SMURFs is context dependent in different cancers and better concepts related to miRNA regulation of SMURFs in different stages and steps of cancer will be helpful in efficient translation of laboratory findings to clinic.
authors.affiliation: GCU Department of Chemistry Lahore Pakistan.
authors.forename: M Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.affiliation: PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Department of Zoology Rawalpindi Pakistan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jabeen
authors.affiliation: GCU Department of Botany Lahore Pakistan dr.ghazalayasmeen@gcu.edu.pk.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Butt
authors.affiliation: QAU Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Microbiology Islamabad Pakistan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aslam
authors.affiliation: COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan Kamransyed@comsats.edu.pk.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Naqvi
authors.affiliation: Yeditepe University School of Medicine Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology İstanbul Turkey.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Attar
authors.affiliation: International Islamic University Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology Islamabad Pakistan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tabassum
authors.affiliation: Fatima Memorial College of Medicine and Dentistry Lahore Pakistan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nasir
authors.affiliation: RLMC Laboratory For Translational Oncology and Personalized Medicine Lahore Pakistan.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Farooqi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009857:Oncogenes; D011485:Protein Binding; D015398:Signal Transduction; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases