title: Superiority of lipoprotein particle number to detect associations with arterial thickness and stiffness in obese youth with and without prediabetes.
abstract: The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) lipoprotein profile provides additional cardiovascular risk information beyond traditional lipids in high-risk adults. Similar studies have not been conducted in youth.
  
  
  
  To evaluate the relationship between the NMR profile and preclinical vascular measures in youth.
  
  
  
  We studied 96 obese youth with prediabetes (mean age = 18.1 ± 3.6 years, 63% female, 78% African American) and 118 obese normoglycemic controls (mean age = 18.0 ± 3.1 years, 75% female, 62% African American) cross sectionally. Traditional lipids (triglycerides, total, high-density lipoprotein [HDL], and low-density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterol), NMR particle size (particle concentration [P] and size) and vascular thickness (carotid IMT) and stiffness (pulse wave velocity [PWV]) were measured. Independent associations between lipoproteins with carotid IMT and PWV after adjustment for group, age, race, sex, BMI z score, blood pressure, HOMA-IR, and A1c were studied.
  
  
  
  NMR analysis revealed youth with prediabetes exhibited a more atherogenic profile with higher levels of small LDL-P and HDL-P and lower levels of intermediate and large HDL-P (P < .03). In addition, lower intermediate HDL-P was associated with a higher carotid IMT, whereas higher small HDL-P was associated with a higher PWV (P < .01). Traditional lipids were not significantly different between groups and were not associated with either vascular outcome.
  
  
  
  NMR lipoprotein subclasses have improved sensitivity compared to traditional lipids to detect lipoprotein abnormalities in normoglycemic and prediabetic obese youth and are independently associated with preclinical vascular thickness and stiffness. NMR lipids may enhance cardiovascular risk assessment in youth.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Electronic address: amy.shah@cchmc.org.
authors.forename: Amy S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Center for Lipid and Arteriosclerosis Science, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: W Sean
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Zhiqian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Lawrence M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Dolan
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Kimball
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Elaine M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Urbina
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001158:Arteries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000150:complications*; D059289:Vascular Stiffness
chemical_list: D008074:Lipoproteins
keywords: Lipids; Lipoproteins; Obesity; Pediatrics; Prediabetes; Vasculature