title: Microbe Associated Molecular Pattern Signaling in Guard Cells.
abstract: Stomata, formed by pairs of guard cells in the epidermis of terrestrial plants, regulate gas exchange, thus playing a critical role in plant growth and stress responses. As natural openings, stomata are exploited by microbes as an entry route. Recent studies reveal that plants close stomata upon guard cell perception of molecular signatures from microbes, microbe associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), to prevent microbe invasion. The perception of MAMPs induces signal transduction including recruitment of second messengers, such as Ca(2+) and H2O2, phosphorylation events, and change of transporter activity, leading to stomatal movement. In the present review, we summarize recent findings in signaling underlying MAMP-induced stomatal movement by comparing with other signalings.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Wenxiu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murata
keywords: Ca2+ signaling; Ca2+-dependent protein kinase; guard cell; ion channels; microbe-associated molecular patterns; mitogen-activated protein kinase; open stomata 1; reactive oxygen species