title: Endophytic fungi associated with Sudanese medicinal plants show cytotoxic and antibiotic potential.
abstract: In this study, we isolated 15 endophytic fungi from five Sudanese medicinal plants. Each fungal endophytic strain was identified by sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA. Ethyl acetate extracts were prepared from each endophyte cultivated in vitro and tested for their respective antibacterial activities and antiproliferative activities against human cancer cells. Antibacterial screening was carried out against two bacterial strains: Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, by the broth dilution method. Cell viability was evaluated by the MTT procedure after exposure of MCF7 breast cancer cells and HT29 or HCT116 human colon adenocarcinoma cells to each endophytic extract. Of interest, Byssochlamys spectabilis isolated from Euphorbia prostata showed cytotoxicity (IC50 = 1.51 ± 0.2 μg mL(-1)) against MCF7 cells, but had a low effect against HT29 or HCT116 cells (IC50 > 20 μg mL(-1)). Cladosporium cladosporioides 2, isolated from Vernonia amygdalina leaves, showed antiproliferative activities against MCF7 cells (IC50 = 10.5 ± 1.5 μg mL(-1)) only. On the other hand, B. spectabilis and Alternaria sp. extract had antibacterial activities against the S. aureus strain. The findings of this work revealed that endophytic fungi associated with medicinal plants from Sudan could be considered as an attractive source of new therapeutic compounds.
authors.affiliation: Université de Lorraine, SRSMC, UMR 7565, BP 70239, F-54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France CNRS, SRSMC, UMR 7565, BP 70239, F-54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Afra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khiralla
authors.affiliation: Botany Department, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, PO Box 321, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Ietidal E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.affiliation: CNRS, SRSMC, UMR 7565, BP 70239, F-54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France Université de Lorraine, UMR CNRS 7565, SRSMC, Campus Bridoux, rue du Général Delestraint, 57070 Metz Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Tzvetomira
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tzanova
authors.affiliation: CNRS, SRSMC, UMR 7565, BP 70239, F-54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France Université de Lorraine, UMR CNRS 7565, SRSMC, Campus Bridoux, rue du Général Delestraint, 57070 Metz Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schohn
authors.affiliation: Université de Lorraine, UMR 1121, Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, TSA 40602, F-54518 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France INRA, UMR 1121, Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, TSA 40602, F-54518 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Slezack-Deschaumes
authors.affiliation: Université de Lorraine, UMR 1121, Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, TSA 40602, F-54518 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France INRA, UMR 1121, Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement, TSA 40602, F-54518 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hehn
authors.affiliation: Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7213, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et de Pharmacologie, 74 route du Rhin, 67400 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: André
authors.affiliation: Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7213, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et de Pharmacologie, 74 route du Rhin, 67400 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France.
authors.forename: Gaëlle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Carre
authors.affiliation: Université de Lorraine, SRSMC, UMR 7565, BP 70239, F-54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France CNRS, SRSMC, UMR 7565, BP 70239, F-54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Rosella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Spina
authors.affiliation: Université de Strasbourg, UMR CNRS 7200, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, Pharmacognosie et Molécules Naturelles Bioactives, 74 route du Rhin, CS 60024, 67400 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France.
authors.forename: Annelise
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lobstein
authors.affiliation: Botany Department, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, PO Box 321, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: Sakina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yagi
authors.affiliation: Université de Lorraine, SRSMC, UMR 7565, BP 70239, F-54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France CNRS, SRSMC, UMR 7565, BP 70239, F-54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France dominique.mattar@univ-lorraine.fr.
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Laurain-Mattar
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000737:chemistry; D000528:Alternaria / Q000737:chemistry; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055323:Byssochlamys / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002963:Cladosporium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D060026:Endophytes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D028481:Euphorbia / Q000382:microbiology; D005658:Fungi / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000382:microbiology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000382:microbiology*; D013397:Sudan; D035741:Vernonia / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003603:Cytotoxins; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; C007650:ethyl acetate
keywords: Sudanese medicinal plants; antibacterial activity; endophytic fungi; human cell viability cancer cell line