title: The Shell of the Invasive Bivalve Species Dreissena polymorpha: Biochemical, Elemental and Textural Investigations.
abstract: The zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha is a well-established invasive model organism. Although extensively used in environmental sciences, virtually nothing is known of the molecular process of its shell calcification. By describing the microstructure, geochemistry and biochemistry/proteomics of the shell, the present study aims at promoting this species as a model organism in biomineralization studies, in order to establish a bridge with ecotoxicology, while sketching evolutionary conclusions. The shell of D. polymorpha exhibits the classical crossed-lamellar/complex crossed lamellar combination found in several heterodont bivalves, in addition to an external thin layer, the characteristics of which differ from what was described in earlier publication. We show that the shell selectively concentrates some heavy metals, in particular uranium, which predisposes D. polymorpha to local bioremediation of this pollutant. We establish the biochemical signature of the shell matrix, demonstrating that it interacts with the in vitro precipitation of calcium carbonate and inhibits calcium carbonate crystal formation, but these two properties are not strongly expressed. This matrix, although overall weakly glycosylated, contains a set of putatively calcium-binding proteins and a set of acidic sulphated proteins. 2D-gels reveal more than fifty proteins, twenty of which we identify by MS-MS analysis. We tentatively link the shell protein profile of D. polymorpha and the peculiar recent evolution of this invasive species of Ponto-Caspian origin, which has spread all across Europe in the last three centuries.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire UMR5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France.|Biogéosciences UMR6282, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2028-902X
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Immel
authors.affiliation: Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.|Plate-forme Protéomique 3P5, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Cédric
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Broussard
authors.affiliation: Biogéosciences UMR6282, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Bastien
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Catherinet
authors.affiliation: ICMUB UMR6302, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Plasseraud
authors.affiliation: UPSP PROXISS, Département Agronomie Environnement AgroSupDijon, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alcaraz
authors.affiliation: Biogéosciences UMR6282, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bundeleva
authors.affiliation: Biogéosciences UMR6282, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marin
mesh_terms: D060105:Animal Shells / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D049875:Dreissena / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D054750:Ecotoxicology; D005060:Europe; D005602:France; D058865:Introduced Species; D008903:Minerals / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D008903:Minerals