title: The Use of Ibuprofen in Posttonsillectomy Analgesia and Its Effect on Posttonsillectomy Hemorrhage Rate.
abstract: To determine the effect of ibuprofen on posttonsillectomy bleeding when compared with codeine in posttonsillectomy analgesia.
  
  
  
  Case series with chart review.
  
  
  
  Tertiary care children's hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
  
  
  
  On July 1, 2012, our institution transitioned from acetaminophen with codeine to ibuprofen for posttonsillectomy analgesia. Pediatric patients (0-18 years old) who underwent surgery from July 1, 2010, to June 30, 2012, were placed in the codeine cohort, and those who underwent surgery from July 1, 2012, to June 30, 2014, were placed in the ibuprofen cohort.
  
  
  
  A total of 6014 patients underwent tonsillectomy between July 1, 2010, and June 30, 2014, and 211 patients presented for posttonsillectomy hemorrhage during the same period. The incidence of readmission for posttonsillectomy hemorrhage was 3.4% and 3.6% (P = .63; odds ratio [OR] = 1.07; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.811-1.410) for the codeine and ibuprofen groups, respectively, and the incidence of second operation for control of posttonsillectomy bleeding for the codeine and ibuprofen groups was 1.9% and 2.2% (P = .54; OR = 1.117; 95% CI: 0.781-1.600), respectively. Patients aged 11 to 18 years demonstrated a higher incidence of posttonsillectomy bleeding events overall. When age is controlled, multivariate logistic regression demonstrated no statistically significant increase in posttonsillectomy bleeding events among pediatric patients treated with ibuprofen versus patients treated with codeine (readmission: P = .617; OR = 0.932; 95% CI: 0.707-1.228; reoperation: P = .513; OR = 0.887; 95% CI: 0.618-1.272).
  
  
  
  Age is an independent risk factor for posttonsillectomy bleeding. When age is controlled, there is no statistically significant increase in the incidence of posttonsillectomy bleeding events among patients treated with ibuprofen when compared to patients treated with codeine.
authors.affiliation: Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA St Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA juliapf@pcom.edu.
authors.forename: Julia A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Pfaff
authors.affiliation: Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA St Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: St Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Sri Kiran
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chennupati
mesh_terms: D000233:Adenoidectomy; D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003061:Codeine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010359:Patient Readmission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014068:Tonsillectomy
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D003061:Codeine; D007052:Ibuprofen
keywords: NSAID; ibuprofen; posttonsillectomy hemorrhage; tonsillectomy