title: [Pathological and magnetic resonance imaging findings in a neonatal Tibet minipig model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish a neonatal Tibet minipig model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and evaluate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) manifestations and pathological findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six neonatal (1-3 days old) Tibet minipigs were randomized into model group (n=4) and control group (n=2). In model group, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy was induced by surgical ligation of the bilateral carotid artery followedimmediately by hypoxic exposure in a hypoxia chamber for 1 h. ESWAN was performed at 2 h, 24 h, 3 days and 5 days after induction of HIE or at 2 h after sham surgery in the control animals to evaluate the brain damage. Conventional MRI scans (T2FLAIR, T2WI, and DWI) were also performed at 24 h after the modeling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the neostriatum, values of T(2)*-weighted MRI increased and reached the peak level at 3 days post-injury (P<0.05). Subcortical white matter T(2)* values reached the peak level at 24 h (P<0.05). Neostriatum R(2)* values were at the lowest level at 3 days (P<0.05). Magnitude values were significantly increased after the model establishment (P<0.05). DWI showed multiple mild focal high signals in the bifrontal subcortical white matter and bilateral neostriatum; T2FLAIR showed slightly increased signal; T2WI showed no obvious abnormalities. SWI showed dilated medulla veins adjacent to the bilateral lateral ventricles and basal ganglia. In the early stage of HIE, brain pathologies were characterized mainly by edema and venous congestion with occasional focal necrosis and hemosiderin deposition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ESWAN sequence is capable of detecting bleeding and brain edema, and T(2)*, R(2)*, and magnitude values can be used to estimate the changes of brain damage following HIE.
authors.affiliation: Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.E-mail: casio_2006@qq.com.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Qiang-Qiang
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Gang
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.forename: Jia-Ning
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D018609:Tibet