title: From "traction bronchiectasis" to honeycombing in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A spectrum of bronchiolar remodeling also in radiology?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The diagnostic and prognostic impact of traction bronchiectasis on high resolution CT scan (HRCT) in patients suspected to have idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is increasing significantly.
  
  
  METHODS
  Recent data demonstrated that cysts in honeycombing areas are covered by epithelium expressing bronchiolar markers. In IPF bronchiolization is the final consequence of a variety of pathogenic events starting from alveolar stem cell exhaustion, and ending in a abnormal/dysplastic proliferation of bronchiolar epithelium. CT scan features of traction bronchiectasis and honeycombing should be interpreted under the light of these new pathogenetic and morphologic considerations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that in IPF subjects traction bronchiectasis and honeycombing -now defined as distinct entities on HRCT scan- are actually diverse aspects of a continuous spectrum of lung remodeling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Azienda USL Romagna, Ospedale GB Morgagni, Via C. Forlanini, Forlì, FC 34-47121, Italy. piciucchi.sara@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Piciucchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Diseases of the Thorax, Azienda USL Romagna, Ospedale GB Morgagni, Forlì, Italy.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tomassetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Diseases of the Thorax, Azienda USL Romagna, Ospedale GB Morgagni, Forlì, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ravaglia
authors.affiliation: Department of Diseases of the Thorax, Azienda USL Romagna, Ospedale GB Morgagni, Forlì, Italy.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gurioli
authors.affiliation: Department of Diseases of the Thorax, Azienda USL Romagna, Ospedale GB Morgagni, Forlì, Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gurioli
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Azienda USL Romagna, Ospedale GB Morgagni, Forlì, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dubini
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Ospedale Santa Maria, Terni, Italy.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carloni
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chilosi
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Colby
authors.affiliation: Department of Diseases of the Thorax, Azienda USL Romagna, Ospedale GB Morgagni, Forlì, Italy.|Department of Respiratory Diseases & Allergy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Venerino
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Poletti
mesh_terms: D001987:Bronchiectasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003560:Cysts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D054990:Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: Bronchiolar dysplastic proliferation; Fibroblastic Foci; Honeycombing; Traction bronchiectasis