title: The Regulation of para-Nitrophenol Degradation in Pseudomonas putida DLL-E4.
abstract: Pseudomonas putida DLL-E4 can efficiently degrade para-nitrophenol and its intermediate metabolite hydroquinone. The regulation of para-nitrophenol degradation was studied, and PNP induced a global change in the transcriptome of P. putida DLL-E4. When grown on PNP, the wild-type strain exhibited significant downregulation of 2912 genes and upregulation of 845 genes, whereas 2927 genes were downregulated and 891 genes upregulated in a pnpR-deleted strain. Genes related to two non-coding RNAs (ins1 and ins2), para-nitrophenol metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the outer membrane porin OprB, glucose dehydrogenase Gcd, and carbon catabolite repression were significantly upregulated when cells were grown on para-nitrophenol plus glucose. pnpA, pnpR, pnpC1C2DECX1X2, and pnpR1 are key genes in para-nitrophenol degradation, whereas pnpAb and pnpC1bC2bDbEbCbX1bX2b have lost the ability to degrade para-nitrophenol. Multiple components including transcriptional regulators and other unknown factors regulate para-nitrophenol degradation, and the transcriptional regulation of para-nitrophenol degradation is complex. Glucose utilization was enhanced at early stages of para-nitrophenol supplementation. However, it was inhibited after the total consumption of para-nitrophenol. The addition of glucose led to a significant enhancement in para-nitrophenol degradation and up-regulation in the expression of genes involved in para-nitrophenol degradation and carbon catabolite repression (CCR). It seemed that para-nitrophenol degradation can be regulated by CCR, and relief of CCR might contribute to enhanced para-nitrophenol degradation. In brief, the regulation of para-nitrophenol degradation seems to be controlled by multiple factors and requires further study.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, the Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qiongzhen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, the Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, the Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, the Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Biying
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, the Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, the Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhoukun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, the Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jue
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Biosafety, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences (NIES), Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wenjing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, the Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.|School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiale
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, the Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhongli
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cui
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D001711:Biotransformation; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D009596:Nitrophenols / Q000378:metabolism*; D009876:Operon; D016958:Pseudomonas putida / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D009596:Nitrophenols; D022661:RNA, Untranslated; D005947:Glucose