title: The cross-race effect in face recognition memory by bicultural individuals.
abstract: Social-cognitive models of the cross-race effect (CRE) generally specify that cross-race faces are automatically categorized as an out-group, and that different encoding processes are then applied to same-race and cross-race faces, resulting in better recognition memory for same-race faces. We examined whether cultural priming moderates the cognitive categorization of cross-race faces. In Experiment 1, monoracial Latino-Americans, considered to have a bicultural self, were primed to focus on either a Latino or American cultural self and then viewed Latino and White faces. Latino-Americans primed as Latino exhibited higher recognition accuracy (A') for Latino than White faces; those primed as American exhibited higher recognition accuracy for White than Latino faces. In Experiment 2, as predicted, prime condition did not moderate the CRE in European-Americans. These results suggest that for monoracial biculturals, priming either of their cultural identities influences the encoding processes applied to same- and cross-race faces, thereby moderating the CRE.
authors.affiliation: Claremont Graduate University, 150 East 10th Street, Claremont, CA 91711, United States; Azusa Pacific University, 901 E Alosta Ave, Azusa, CA 91702, United States. Electronic address: bmarsh@apu.edu.
authors.forename: Benjamin U
authors.initials: BU
authors.lastname: Marsh
authors.affiliation: Claremont Graduate University, 150 East 10th Street, Claremont, CA 91711, United States.
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pezdek
authors.affiliation: Claremont Graduate University, 150 East 10th Street, Claremont, CA 91711, United States.
authors.forename: Daphna Hausman
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Ozery
mesh_terms: D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D000066499:Facial Recognition; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D060865:Repetition Priming; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cross-race effect; Cultural priming; Eyewitness memory; Face recognition memory; Own-race bias