title: Dectin-1 and Dectin-2 promote control of the fungal pathogen Trichophyton rubrum independently of IL-17 and adaptive immunity in experimental deep dermatophytosis.
abstract: Dermatophytoses are chronic fungal infections, the main causative agent of which is Trichophyton rubrum (T. rubrum). Despite their high occurrence worldwide, the immunological mechanisms underlying these diseases remain largely unknown. Here, we uncovered the C-type lectin receptors, Dectin-1 and Dectin-2, as key elements in the immune response to T. rubrum infection in a model of deep dermatophytosis. In vitro, we observed that deficiency in Dectin-1 and Dectin-2 severely compromised cytokine production by dendritic cells. In vivo, mice lacking Dectin-1 and/or Dectin-2 showed an inadequate pro-inflammatory cytokine production in response to T. rubrum infection, impairing its resolution. Strikingly, neither adaptive immunity nor IL-17 response were required for fungal clearance, highlighting innate immunity as the main checkpoint in the pathogenesis of T. rubrum infection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabio Sy
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Rikio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yabe
authors.affiliation: Division of Experimental Animal Immunology, Center for Animal Disease Models, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwakura
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sandro R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan saijo@faculty.chiba-u.jp.
authors.forename: Shinobu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saijo
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000378:metabolism; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D023421:Models, Animal; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D014005:Tinea / Q000276:immunology*; D014249:Trichophyton / Q000276:immunology*; D000099181:Dectin-1
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D020381:Interleukin-17; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D000099181:Dectin-1; C445340:dectin-2, mouse
keywords: C-type lectin receptors; Dectin-1; Dectin-2; deep dermatophytosis; Trichophyton rubrum