title: Effect of dietary vegetable oils on the fatty acid profile of plasma lipoproteins in dairy cows.
abstract: The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of dietary supplementation of soybean oil (SO) and hydrogenated palm oil (HPO) on the transport of fatty acids (FA) within plasma lipoproteins in lactating and non-lactating cows. Three lactating and three non-lactating Holstein cows were used in two different 3 × 3 Latin square experiments that included three periods of 21 d. Dietary treatments for lactating cows consisted of a basal diet (control; no fat supplement) and fat-supplemented diets containing SO (500 g/d per cow) or HPO (500 g/d per cow). For non-lactating cows, dietary treatments consisted of a basal diet (control; no fat supplement) and fat-supplemented diets containing SO (170 g/d per cow) or HPO (170 g/d per cow). Compared with the control and SO diet, HPO addition increased (p < 0.05) the concentration of C16:0, C18:0, C18:2cis-9,12, C18:3cis-9,12,15 and total saturated and polyunsaturated FA in the plasma of lactating cows. In non-lactating cows, the SO addition increased the plasma concentration of C18:1trans-11. In lactating cows, concentrations of C16:0, C18:0 and total saturated FA were increased (p < 0.05) by HPO addition in the high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Total saturated FA were increased (p < 0.05) by HPO in very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). In non-lactating cows, the concentration of C18:0 was increased (p < 0.05) by HPO in HDL, whereas C18:1trans-11 was increased (p < 0.05) by SO in the low-density lipoprotein. Overall, it was found that distribution and transport of FA within the bovine plasma lipoproteins may be influenced by chain length and degree of unsaturation of dietary lipids. Also, the distribution of individual FA isomers such as C18:1trans-11 and C18:2cis-9,trans-11 may vary depending on the physiological state of the cow (lactating or non-lactating), and are increased in plasma (lactating cows) and the HDL (non-lactating cows) when cows are fed SO.
authors.affiliation: a Departamento de Ciencias Animales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Einar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vargas-Bello-Pérez
authors.affiliation: a Departamento de Ciencias Animales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Íñiguez-González
authors.affiliation: a Departamento de Ciencias Animales, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago , Chile.
authors.forename: Nathaly
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cancino-Padilla
authors.affiliation: b Mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences , University of Illinois , Urbana , IL , USA.
authors.forename: Juan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Loor
authors.affiliation: c School of Biosciences , The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus , Loughborough , UK.
authors.forename: Philip C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Garnsworthy
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D003612:Dairying; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006865:Hydrogenation; D007774:Lactation; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000378:metabolism*; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D010938:Plant Oils; D000073878:Palm Oil; D013024:Soybean Oil
keywords: Dairy cows; lipoproteins; palm oils; plasma; soybean oil