title: PRL-3 Is Involved in Estrogen- and IL-6-Induced Migration of Endometrial Stromal Cells From Ectopic Endometrium.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the role of phosphatase of regenerating liver-3 (PRL-3) in the 17β-estradiol (E2)- and interleukin 6 (IL-6)-induced migration of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) from ectopic endometrium.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ectopic endometrial tissues were collected from patients with endometriosis, and PRL-3 expression in ectopic and eutopic endometrium was examined by immunohistochemistry. Endometrial stromal cells isolated from ectopic endometrium were treated with E2, progesterone (P), IL-6, or sodium orthovanadate (Sov) to inhibit PRL-3. Total RNA and protein were extracted from ESCs after treatment for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses. Cell migration was assessed using a scratch wound assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Phosphatase of regenerating liver 3 protein was highly expressed in the endometrial glandular cells (EGCs) and ESCs in ectopic endometrium, whereas its weak expression was observed only in EGCs in eutopic endometrium. Both E2 and IL-6 treatment significantly increased PRL-3 messenger RNA and protein expression, and P treatment significantly inhibited PRL-3 expression. However, E2-induced PRL-3 expression in ESCs from ectopic endometrium was significantly blocked by IL-6 antibody. Moreover, E2- and IL-6-enhanced cell migration was completely abrogated by Sov treatment. Furthermore, Sov treatment could significantly promote PTEN expression but inhibit E2- and IL-6-induced p-AKT activation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Phosphatase of regenerating liver 3 plays a key role in the E2- and IL-6-induced migration of ESCs from ectopic endometrium, a process that is involved in the PTEN-AKT signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Gynecology, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, PRC.
authors.forename: Shifan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: 2 Laboratory of Cell Biology, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PRC.
authors.forename: Yefang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PRC.
authors.forename: Xiaoling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PRC.
authors.forename: Xiaoling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: She
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PRC.
authors.forename: Yilin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PRC.
authors.forename: Xianqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
keywords: AKT signaling; E2; IL-6; PRL-3; cell migration; endometriosis