title: Hyponatremia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine whether decreased serum sodium concentration could be associated with the disease activity in SLE. We retrospectively analyzed the data of the two independent cohorts of children and adults with SLE in two centers. Hyponatremia was associated with serum chloride (p = 0.004), albumin (p = 0.002) and SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) (p = 0.026) in children with SLE. Serum sodium levels were correlated negatively with ESR (p =0.001) and positively with serum albumin levels (p < 0.0001) and C3 (p = 0.008) in children with SLE and those levels were correlated negatively with serum interleukin-6 levels (p = 0.003) in adults with SLE. Independent risk factors for the development of hyponatremia were the decreased serum C3 levels (OR 1.069, p = 0.031), the decreased serum chloride levels (OR 2.054, p = 0.006) and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (OR 1.066, p = 0.03) in children with SLE and increased C-reactive protein (CRP) (OR 1.480, p = 0.023) in combined cohorts with SLE by multiple logistic regression analyses. Our study firstly showed that hyponatremia could reflect a disease activity and severe inflammation of SLE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Severance Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Il Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Daewoo General Hospital, Geoje, Korea.
authors.forename: Se Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang-Hee
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Geum Hwa
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Woo
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Song Yi
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Soo
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Department of Pediatrics, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001799:Blood Sedimentation; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002712:Chlorides / Q000097:blood*; D003176:Complement C3 / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007010:Hyponatremia / Q000097:blood*; D007223:Infant; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D003176:Complement C3; D012709:Serum Albumin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D012964:Sodium