title: A Selective Corrective Exercise to Decrease Falling and Improve Functional Balance in Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Posture instability and unsteady gait disorders in Parkinson's Disease (PD) usually contribute to fall-related fractures. Fall-related trauma in PD is the most common reason for injury. Despite providing modern care for PD patients (PP) in the recent years, anti-PD drugs have no effect on falling. There is an urgent need to administer exercise interventions to reduce falls and related injuries in the rehabilitation program of PP.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore the effect of a selective 10-week corrective exercise with an emphasis on gait training activities (GTA) on the number of falls (NOFs), fear of falling, functional balance, timed up and go (TUG) test among PD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A purposeful sampling was performed on PP who had fallen or were at risk of falling in 2014. The study intervention consisted of a 10-week (3 sessions each week, each lasting 60 min) corrective exercise program. Participants were randomly allocated to control and two exercise groups; the exercise group with balance pad (EGBP) or exercise group with no balance pad (EGNBP). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired t-test were used for comparison between the groups (P ≤ 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Administrating a selective corrective exercise in exercise group with balance pad (EGBP) showed a significant difference in number of falls (NOF), Fall Efficacy Scale-international (FES-I), Berg balance scale (BBS) (and timed up and go) TUG (P = 0.001); while administrating the same exercise in exercise group with no balance pad (EGNBP) showed no significant difference in NOF (P = 0.225) and a significant difference in FES-I (P = 0.031), BBS (P = 0.047) and TUG (P = 0.012). The control group showed no significant difference in each of the dependent variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Performing a selective corrective exercise on balance pad improves falling and functional balance in idiopathic PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercise , University of Guilan, Rasht, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Parisa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sedaghati
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercise , University of Guilan, Rasht, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Daneshmandi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Noureddin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Karimi
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise Physiologies, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Amir-Hossein
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Barati
keywords: Exercise Therapy; Falling; PD; Postural Balance