title: Comparative evaluation of apically extruded debris with V-Taper, ProTaper Next, and the Self-adjusting File systems.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Complete cleaning of the root canal is the goal for ensuring success in endodontics. Removal of debris plays an important role in achieving this goal. In spite of advancements in instrument design, apical extrusion of debris remains a source of inflammation in the periradicular region.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To comparatively evaluate the amount of apically extruded debris with V-Taper, ProTaper Next, and the self-adjusting File (SAF) system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-four extracted human mandibular teeth with straight root canals were taken. Access openings were done and working length determined. The samples were randomly divided into three groups: Group I - V-Taper files (n = 20), Group II - ProTaper Next (n = 20), Group III - SAF (n = 20). Biomechanical preparation was completed and the debris collected in vials to be quantitatively determined. The data obtained was statistically analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc Tukey's test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the specimens showed apical debris extrusion. SAF showed significantly less debris extrusion compared to V-Taper and ProTaper Next (P < 0.001). Among Groups I and II, ProTaper Next showed lesser debris extrusion as compared to V-Taper, but it was not significant (P = 0.124).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SAF showed least amount of apical debris extrusion when compared to newer rotary endodontic instruments. This indicates that the incidence of inter-treatment flare-ups due to debris extrusion would be less with the SAF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Nishant K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Vyavahare
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Srinidhi Surya
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Raghavendra
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Niranjan N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Desai
keywords: Apical debris extrusion; ProTaper Next; Self-Adjusting file; V-Taper