title: Heart Rate Variability as Early Biomarker for the Evaluation of Diabetes Mellitus Progress.
abstract: According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA), the side effects of diabetes mellitus have recently increased the global health expenditure each year. Of these, the early diagnostic can contribute to the decrease on renal, cardiovascular, and nervous systems complications. However, the diagnostic criteria, which are commonly used, do not suggest the diabetes progress in the patient. In this study, the streptozotocin model in mice (cDM) was used as early diagnostic criterion to reduce the side effects related to the illness. The results showed some clinical signs similarly to five-year diabetes progress without renal injury, neuropathies, and cardiac neuropathy autonomic in the cDM-model. On the other hand, the electrocardiogram was used to determine alterations in heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV), using the Poincaré plot to quantify the HRV decrease in the cDM-model. Additionally, the SD1/SD2 ratio and ventricular arrhythmias showed increase without side effects of diabetes. Therefore, the use of HRV as an early biomarker contributes to evaluating diabetes mellitus complications from the diagnostic.
authors.affiliation: Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Colonia Casco de Santo Tomas, Delegación Miguel Hidalgo, 11340 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rosa Elena
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Arroyo-Carmona
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 Sur 6301, Colonia Jardines de San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ana Laura
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: López-Serrano
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 Sur 6301, Colonia Jardines de San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico; Centro de las Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Mario de la Cueva 20, Insurgentes Sur, Delegación Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Alondra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Albarado-Ibañez
authors.affiliation: Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 21 Sur 1103, Barrio de Santiago, 72410 Puebla, PUE, Mexico.
authors.forename: Francisca María Fabiola
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Mendoza-Lucero
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 Sur 6301, Colonia Jardines de San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Medel-Cajica
authors.affiliation: Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Colonia Casco de Santo Tomas, Delegación Miguel Hidalgo, 11340 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ruth Mery
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: López-Mayorga
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 Sur 6301, Colonia Jardines de San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, PUE, Mexico.
authors.forename: Julián
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Torres-Jácome
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers