title: New endoscopic ultrasonography techniques for pancreaticobiliary diseases.
abstract: Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is widely used to evaluate pancreaticobiliary diseases, especially pancreatic masses. EUS has a good ability to detect pancreatic masses, but it is not sufficient for the differential diagnosis of various types of lesions. In order to address the limitations of EUS, new techniques have been developed to improve the characterization of the lesions detected by EUS. EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) has been used for diagnosing pancreatic tumors. In order to improve the histological diagnostic yield, a EUS-FNA needle with a core trap has recently been developed. Contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS is a new imaging modality that uses an ultrasonographic contrast agent to visualize blood flow in fine vessels. This technique is useful in the diagnosis of pancreatic solid lesions and in confirming the presence of vascularity in mural nodules for cystic lesions. EUS elastography analyzes several different variables to measure tissue elasticity, color patterns, and strain ratio, using analytical techniques such as hue-histogram analysis, and artificial neural networks, which are useful for the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Ken
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1568-0769
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamata
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6885-9223
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitano
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7291-3608
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Omoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kumpei
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3993-1673
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kadosaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4702-2197
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5407-7925
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Minaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2497-7740
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamao
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6767-7989
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4102-3474
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kudo
keywords: Biliary tract; Elasticity imaging techniques; Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration; Endosonography; Pancreas; Sonazoid