title: Association between maternal socioeconomic factors and nutritional outcomes in children under 5 years of age.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the association between maternal socioeconomic factors and the occurrence of nutritional outcomes in children under five years of age in a representative sample of the Brazilian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional study that evaluated data from the latest National Survey of Children and Women's Demographics and Health, carried out in Brazil in 2006-2007. Maternal employment and maternal level of schooling were the main exposures. The following nutritional outcomes in children were considered: height/age <-2 standard deviations (SD) for short stature and BMI/age >2SD for overweight. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were utilized as the regression method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjustments, it was observed that children whose mothers had low level of schooling had a higher chance of having short stature (OR=3.97, 95% CI, 1.23-12.80) and children whose mothers worked outside the home were more likely to have excess weight (OR=1.57, 95% CI, 1.02-2.42). Maternal employment was not associated with short stature in children (OR=1.09, 95% CI, 0.67-1.77).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maternal level of schooling was associated with short stature in children and maternal employment with overweight, indicating the need to take into account the socioeconomic factors when proposing programs and strategies aimed at health and nutrition improvement of children, considering inter-sectoral interventions.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Escola de Enfermagem, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tatiane
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Géa-Horta
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Escola de Enfermagem, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana Santos
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Felisbino-Mendes
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Escola de Enfermagem, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renzo Joel Flores
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Escola de Enfermagem, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: guveme@ufmg.br.
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Velasquez-Melendez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001827:Body Height; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D004651:Employment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009035:Mothers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009752:Nutritional Status; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Brasil; Brazil; Child; Criança; Epidemiological surveys; Estatura; Fatores socioeconômicos; Inquéritos epidemiológicos; Overweight; Sobrepeso; Socioeconomic factors; Stature