title: Metabarcoding improves detection of eukaryotes from early biofouling communities: implications for pest monitoring and pathway management.
abstract: In this experimental study the patterns in early marine biofouling communities and possible implications for surveillance and environmental management were explored using metabarcoding, viz. 18S ribosomal RNA gene barcoding in combination with high-throughput sequencing. The community structure of eukaryotic assemblages and the patterns of initial succession were assessed from settlement plates deployed in a busy port for one, five and 15 days. The metabarcoding results were verified with traditional morphological identification of taxa from selected experimental plates. Metabarcoding analysis identified > 400 taxa at a comparatively low taxonomic level and morphological analysis resulted in the detection of 25 taxa at varying levels of resolution. Despite the differences in resolution, data from both methods were consistent at high taxonomic levels and similar patterns in community shifts were observed. A high percentage of sequences belonging to genera known to contain non-indigenous species (NIS) were detected after exposure for only one day.
authors.affiliation: a Coastal and Freshwater Group , Cawthron Institute , Nelson , New Zealand.|b Marine Science and Technology Center , Klaipeda University , Klaipeda , Lithuania.
authors.forename: Anastasija
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zaiko
authors.affiliation: a Coastal and Freshwater Group , Cawthron Institute , Nelson , New Zealand.|c School of Biological Sciences , University of Canterbury , Christchurch , New Zealand.
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schimanski
authors.affiliation: a Coastal and Freshwater Group , Cawthron Institute , Nelson , New Zealand.|d Institute of Marine Science , University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pochon
authors.affiliation: a Coastal and Freshwater Group , Cawthron Institute , Nelson , New Zealand.
authors.forename: Grant A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Hopkins
authors.affiliation: c School of Biological Sciences , University of Canterbury , Christchurch , New Zealand.
authors.forename: Sharyn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goldstien
authors.affiliation: a Coastal and Freshwater Group , Cawthron Institute , Nelson , New Zealand.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Floerl
authors.affiliation: a Coastal and Freshwater Group , Cawthron Institute , Nelson , New Zealand.|e Environmental Research Institute , Waikato University , Hamilton , New Zealand.
authors.forename: Susanna A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Wood
mesh_terms: D044822:Biodiversity; D057219:Biofouling; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods*; D058893:DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic / Q000379:methods*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis; D009520:New Zealand; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S
keywords: 18S ribosomal RNA gene; detection tools; high-throughput sequencing; marine biofilms; non-indigenous species