title: Exercise-Induced Dose-Response Alterations in Adiponectin and Leptin Levels Are Dependent on Body Fat Changes in Women at Risk for Breast Cancer.
abstract: Dysregulation of adipokines, such as adiponectin and leptin, is associated with a variety of chronic diseases, including cancer. Physical activity protects against breast cancer and one of the mechanisms which may underlie this association is exercise-induced changes in adipokine levels. The WISER Sister Trial was a three-armed randomized controlled trial in premenopausal women (n = 137) with an elevated risk for breast cancer.
  
  
  
  A 5-menstrual-cycle-long dosed aerobic exercise intervention compared low-dose exercise (150 min/wk; n = 44) or high-dose exercise (300 min/wk; n = 48) with a control group asked to maintain usual activity levels (n = 45). Exercise intensity progressed to and was maintained at 70% to 80% of age predicted heart rate max. Body composition and adipokine levels were measured at baseline and follow-up.
  
  
  
  We observed significant linear trends for increased fitness capacity (Δ%: -2.0% control, 10.1% low dose, 13.1% high dose), decreased fat tissue-to-total tissue mass (Δ%: 0.7% control, -2.9% low dose, -3.7% high dose), increased body fat adjusted adiponectin (Δ%: -0.6% control, 0.6% low dose, 0.9% high dose), and decreased body fat adjusted leptin (Δ%: 0.7% control, -8.2% low dose, -10.2% high dose).
  
  
  
  In this randomized clinical trial of premenopausal women at risk for breast cancer, we demonstrate a dose-response effect of exercise on adiponectin and leptin and that dose response is dependent on changes in body fat.
  
  
  
  Improved adipokine levels, achieved by aerobic exercise training-induced decreases in body fat, may decrease breast cancer risk for high-risk premenopausal women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(8); 1195-200. ©2016 AACR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sturgeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Digiovanni
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Jerene
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Good
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Domenick
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Salvatore
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Desiré
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fenderson
authors.affiliation: Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Domchek
authors.affiliation: Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stopfer
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. School of Health Sciences, Stockton University, Galloway, New Jersey. Department of Physiotherapy, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Mary Lou
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Galantino
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Cathy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bryan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: Wei-Ting
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Schmitz@mail.med.upenn.edu.
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schmitz
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D001940:Breast / Q000378:metabolism; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D026241:Exercise Movement Techniques; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism*; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology; D017697:Premenopause / Q000378:metabolism; D012306:Risk; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D020738:Leptin