title: Biocompatibility of two experimental scaffolds for regenerative endodontics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The biocompatibility of two experimental scaffolds for potential use in revascularization or pulp regeneration was evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  One resilient lyophilized collagen scaffold (COLL), releasing metronidazole and clindamycin, was compared to an experimental injectable poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid scaffold (PLGA), releasing clindamycin. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were seeded at densities of 1.0 × 10(4), 2.5 × 10(4), and 5.0 × 10(4). The cells were investigated by light microscopy (cell morphology), MTT assay (cell proliferation) and a cytokine (IL-8) ELISA test (biocompatibility).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Under microscope, the morphology of cells coincubated for 7 days with the scaffolds appeared healthy with COLL. Cells in contact with PLGA showed signs of degeneration and apoptosis. MTT assay showed that at 5.0 × 10(4) hDPSCs, COLL demonstrated significantly higher cell proliferation rates than cells in media only (control, p < 0.01) or cells co-incubated with PLGA (p < 0.01). In ELISA test, no significant differences were observed between cells with media only and COLL at 1, 3, and 6 days. Cells incubated with PLGA expressed significantly higher IL-8 than the control at all time points (p < 0.01) and compared to COLL after 1 and 3 days (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The COLL showed superior biocompatibility and thus may be suitable for endodontic regeneration purposes.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, and University Dental Cluster (Endodontics), National University Hospital Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Dephne Jack Xin
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1653-9978
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Leong
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Frank C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Setzer
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trope
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Bekir
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Karabucak
keywords: Clindamycin; Matrix; Metronidazole; Regenerative endodontics; Revascularization; Scaffold