title: Association Between Headaches and Tinnitus in Young Adults: Cross-Sectional Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the association between migraine and tinnitus in a large, cross-sectional study among students.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Tinnitus has been associated with various pain syndromes, including headaches. However, prior studies were mainly conducted among elderly adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study among 5729 participants of the French internet-based Students Health Research Enterprise (i-Share) cohort. Health, personal and lifestyle habits, and socio-demographics characteristics as well as headache/migraine symptoms and tinnitus, were recorded in a standardized questionnaire based on self-reports. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between the students' headache status and tinnitus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 5729 participants had a mean age of 20.8 years (standard deviation 2.8 years), 75.4% were female, and 1645 reported migraine. An association was found between the students' headache status and tinnitus after adjustment for confounding variables. Tinnitus was reported by 8.9% of participants with migraine, 7.3% of patients with migraine without aura, and 10.8% of participants with migraine with aura. The adjusted odds ratios of tinnitus were 1.77 (95% confidence interval, 1.36-2.30) for migraine and 1.38 (0.98-1.92) for non-migraine headache. The association was stronger for students with migraine with aura (odds ratio = 2.10, 95% confidence interval 1.54-2.86) than for migraine without aura (odds ratio = 1.51, 95% confidence interval 1.09-2.07).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found an association between migraine and tinnitus among young individuals, which was strongest for the subgroup migraine with aura.
authors.affiliation: INSERM CIC1415, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France.
authors.forename: Elie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guichard
authors.affiliation: University of Bordeaux, UMR1219, Bordeaux, France.|INSERM, HEALTHY Team, UMR1219, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0076-0010
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Montagni
authors.affiliation: University of Bordeaux, UMR1219, Bordeaux, France.|INSERM, HEALTHY Team, UMR1219, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tzourio
authors.affiliation: Institute of Public Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurth
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006261:Headache / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013334:Students; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014012:Tinnitus / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: cohort; epidemiology; headache; migraine disorders; students; tinnitus