title: Association of KALRN, ADIPOQ, and FTO gene polymorphism in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary artery disease: possible predisposing markers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recently, several genes have been introduced as potential genetic markers for diabetes mellitus and coronary artery diseases (CAD).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this case-control study, the associations of rs2241766 T/G of ADIPOQ, rs9289231 T/G of KALRN, and rs9939609 A/T of FTO polymorphisms with genetic susceptibility to CAD in type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients were investigated. A total of 224 T2D patients undergoing coronary angiography were randomly recruited into the study. Of the total diabetic patients, 152 were also diagnosed with CAD, whereas the rest were control participants. Genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphisms was performed by high-resolution melting analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genotype analysis showed that the minor allele (G) frequency of rs2241766 ADIPOQ was statistically significant in the CAD group compared with the control group [odds ratio (OR), 2.779; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.403-5.504; P=0.003]. Also, it was found that the minor allele (G) frequency of rs9289231 KALRN was significantly associated with the risk of CAD (OR, 2.098; 95% CI, 1.096-4.017; P=0.025). In addition, no significant association was observed between the minor allele (A) of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism and CAD (OR, 1.088; 95% CI, 0.578-2.015; P=0.788). It is speculated that the GG genotype and the G allele of the rs9289231 polymorphism of KALRN and the rs224766 polymorphism of ADIPOQ genes may be considered genetic risk factors for CAD in T2D patients and genetic variations of these genes may play a major role in the process of these disorders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our case-control study in the Iranian population suggested a possible association between the mentioned single-nucleotide polymorphisms and CAD in T2D patients. However, further replication studies and comprehensive meta-analyses are required.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz Departments of bMolecular Pathology cPathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mofarrah
authors.forename: Shayan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ziaee
authors.forename: Yones
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pilehvar-Soltanahmadi
authors.forename: Faraz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zarghami
authors.forename: Mohammadali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boroumand
authors.forename: Nosratollah
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zarghami
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics*; D000368:Aged; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; C526492:FTO protein, human; C503866:KALRN protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases