title: Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth differentiate toward neural cells in a medium dynamically cultured with Schwann cells in a series of polydimethylsiloxanes scaffolds.
abstract: Schwann cells (SCs) are primary structural and functional cells in the peripheral nervous system. These cells play a crucial role in peripheral nerve regeneration by releasing neurotrophic factors. This study evaluated the neural differentiation potential effects of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) in a rat Schwann cell (RSC) culture medium.
  
  
  
  SHEDs and RSCs were individually cultured on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) scaffold, and the effects of the RSC medium on the SHEDs differentiation between static and dynamic cultures were compared.
  
  
  
  Results demonstrated that the SHED cells differentiated by the RSC cultured medium in the static culture formed neurospheres after 7 days at the earliest, and SHED cells formed neurospheres within 3 days in the dynamic culture. These results confirm that the RSC culture medium can induce neurospheres formation, the speed of formation and the number of neurospheres (19.16 folds high) in a dynamic culture was superior to the static culture for 3 days culture. The SHED-derived spheres were further incubated in the RSCs culture medium, these neurospheres continuously differentiated into neurons and neuroglial cells. Immunofluorescent staining and RT-PCR revealed nestin, β-III tubulin, GFAP, and γ-enolase of neural markers on the differentiated cells.
  
  
  
  These results indicated that the RSC culture medium can induce the neural differentiation of SHED cells, and can be used as a new therapeutic tool to repair nerve damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, 1 Sec. 3, Chung-Hsiao E. Road, Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wen-Ta
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Yu-Jing
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003470:Culture Media; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D064231:Nestin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; C577484:NES protein, human; D064231:Nestin; C013830:baysilon; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase