title: Investigation of histopathological effects after intra-arterial sugammadex injection in an experimental animal model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intra-arterial injection of medications are related to mortality and morbidity. It was aimed to investigate the histopathological effects caused by two different intra-arterial doses of sugammadex, a new selective relaxant binding agent used to reverse the effects of steroidal systemic muscle relaxants used in surgeries carried out under general anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 15 rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups. The control group was given 1 mL saline bolus into the central artery of the ear. The other two groups (Group Sgdx2 and group Sgdx16) were given 2 and 16 mg/kg sugammadex, respectively, intra-arterially.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In control group, histopathological evaluation was in normal limits. The cross-sections belonging to Group Sgdx2 did not have any significant pathological change compared with control group (p > 0.05). Edema and single-cell necrosis were significantly higher in Group Sgdx16 when compared to control group (p < 0.05). In comparison to Group Sgdx2, single-cell necrosis was significantly higher in Group Sgdx16 (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Being broadly used in anesthesia, sugammadex should be administered with care because when given by intra-arterial route it may cause tissue damage and tissue loss and the patients' arteries should be carefully checked.
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Kiraz
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Erbas
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yuyucu Karabulut
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Simsek
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hanci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uzun
mesh_terms: D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000818:Animals; D001158:Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D004423:Ear / Q000098:blood supply; D004487:Edema / Q000473:pathology*; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000473:pathology*; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D023421:Models, Animal; D009336:Necrosis; D011817:Rabbits; D000077122:Sugammadex; D047408:gamma-Cyclodextrins / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D047408:gamma-Cyclodextrins; D000077122:Sugammadex
keywords: dose; experimental; intra-arterial; rabbit; sugammadex.