title: Short-term change of carotid intima-media thickness after treatment of hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) has been used as a predictor of cardiovascular events, but it remains unclear whether CIMT can change over the short term. We evaluated changes of CIMT in patients with diabetes during admission to hospital for 2 weeks.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 279 inpatients with diabetes aged 61 ± 14 years were recruited. They were on treatment with insulin and/or oral agents, excluding drugs that influence the fluid balance and hemodynamics. CIMT was measured on the day after admission and on the day before discharge, and the association of ΔCIMT (calculated by subtracting the baseline value from that on the day before discharge) with clinical factors was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on the reported annual increase of CIMT (0.04 mm/year), the patients were divided into three groups, in which CIMT increased [I: ΔCIMT ≥ 0.04 mm, n = 64, ΔCIMT = 0.077 ± 0.048 (mean ± SD)], CIMT decreased (D: ΔCIMT ≤ -0.04 mm, n = 51, ΔCIMT = -0.090 ± 0.086), or CIMT was unchanged (N: -0.04 mm < ΔCIMT < 0.04 mm, n = 164, ΔCIMT = 0.002 ± 0.022). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that baseline CIMT and hemoglobin (Hb) were positively correlated, while Hb on the day before discharge was negatively correlated, with a decrease of CIMT. In contrast, baseline HbA1c and Hb were negatively correlated, while Hb on the day before discharge was positively correlated, with an increase of CIMT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CIMT may show plasticity in patients with diabetes and can change even after short-term treatment of hyperglycemia for 2 weeks.
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tenjin
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan. ynagai@marianna-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Sayaka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yuji
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Carotid artery intima-media thickness; Diabetes mellitus; Hemodynamics