title: Association between Body Powder Use and Ovarian Cancer: The African American Cancer Epidemiology Study (AACES).
abstract: Epidemiologic studies indicate increased ovarian cancer risk among women who use genital powder, but this has not been thoroughly investigated in African American (AA) women, a group with a high prevalence of use. We evaluate the relationship between use of genital powder and nongenital powder in invasive epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).
  
  
  
  Subjects are 584 cases and 745 controls enrolled in the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study (AACES), an ongoing, population-based case-control study of EOC in AA women in 11 geographic locations in the United States. AA controls were frequency matched to cases on residence and age. Logistic regression was used to calculate ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between genital and nongenital powder exposure and EOC risk, controlling for potential confounders.
  
  
  
  Powder use was common (62.8% of cases and 52.9% of controls). Genital powder was associated with an increased risk of EOC (OR = 1.44; 95% CI, 1.11-1.86) and a dose-response relationship was found for duration of use and number of lifetime applications (P < 0.05). Nongenital use was also associated with EOC risk, particularly among nonserous EOC cases (OR = 2.28; 95% CI, 1.39-3.74). An association between powder use and upper respiratory conditions suggests an enhanced inflammatory response may explain the association between body powder and EOC.
  
  
  
  In a study of AA women, body powder use was significantly associated with EOC risk.
  
  
  
  The results support that body powder is a modifiable risk factor for EOC among AA women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(10); 1411-7. ©2016 AACRSee related commentary by Trabert, p. 1369.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia. jms2yf@virginia.edu.
authors.forename: Joellen M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Schildkraut
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.affiliation: Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Alberg
authors.affiliation: Population Science Division, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Elisa V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Bandera
authors.affiliation: Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: Jill S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Barnholtz-Sloan
authors.affiliation: Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Melissa L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bondy
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology and the Karmanos Cancer Institute Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.
authors.forename: Michele L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cote
authors.affiliation: Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Funkhouser
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors.forename: Lauren C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Peres
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology Program, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Public Health, New Orleans, Louisiana.
authors.forename: Edward S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology and the Karmanos Cancer Institute Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.
authors.forename: Ann G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Medical Center-Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Terry
authors.affiliation: Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Sydnee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Crankshaw
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors.forename: Fabian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Camacho
authors.affiliation: Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Frances
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Patricia G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Moorman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D000077216:Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011208:Powders / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D011208:Powders