title: Nano-Enabled Approaches for Stem Cell-Based Cardiac Tissue Engineering.
abstract: Cardiac diseases are the most prevalent causes of mortality in the world, putting a major economic burden on global healthcare system. Tissue engineering strategies aim at developing efficient therapeutic approaches to overcome the current challenges in prolonging patients survival upon cardiac diseases. The integration of advanced biomaterials and stem cells has offered enormous promises for regeneration of damaged myocardium. Natural or synthetic biomaterials have been extensively used to deliver cells or bioactive molecules to the site of injury in heart. Additionally, nano-enabled approaches (e.g., nanomaterials, nanofeatured surfaces) have been instrumental in developing suitable scaffolding biomaterials and regulating stem cells microenvironment to achieve functional therapeutic outcomes. This review article explores tissue engineering strategies, which have emphasized on the use of nano-enabled approaches in combination with stem cells for regeneration and repair of injured myocardium upon myocardial infarction (MI). Primarily a wide range of biomaterials, along with different types of stem cells, which have utilized in cardiac tissue engineering will be presented. Then integration of nanomaterials and surface nanotopographies with biomaterials and stem cells for myocardial regeneration will be presented. The advantages and challenges of these approaches will be reviewed and future perspective will be discussed.
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials Research Group, Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 8415683111, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahshid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kharaziha
authors.affiliation: Center of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Adnan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Memic
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akbari
authors.affiliation: School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering (SBHSE) Harington, Bioengineering Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85287, USA.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Brafman
authors.affiliation: School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering (SBHSE) Harington, Bioengineering Program, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85287, USA.
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nikkhah
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D009206:Myocardium; D012038:Regeneration; D055153:Stem Cell Niche; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
keywords: biomaterials; cardiac tissue engineering; nanofeatured surfaces; nanomaterials; stem cells