title: Translation Quality Assessment in Health Research: A Functionalist Alternative to Back-Translation.
abstract: As international research studies become more commonplace, the importance of developing multilingual research instruments continues to increase and with it that of translated materials. It is therefore not unexpected that assessing the quality of translated materials (e.g., research instruments, questionnaires, etc.) has become essential to cross-cultural research, given that the reliability and validity of the research findings crucially depend on the translated instruments. In some fields (e.g., public health and medicine), the quality of translated instruments can also impact the effectiveness and success of interventions and public campaigns. Back-translation (BT) is a commonly used quality assessment tool in cross-cultural research. This quality assurance technique consists of (a) translation (target text [TT1]) of the source text (ST), (b) translation (TT2) of TT1back into the source language, and (c) comparison of TT2with ST to make sure there are no discrepancies. The accuracy of the BT with respect to the source is supposed to reflect equivalence/accuracy of the TT. This article shows how the use of BT as a translation quality assessment method can have a detrimental effect on a research study and proposes alternatives to BT. One alternative is illustrated on the basis of the translation and quality assessment methods used in a research study on hearing loss carried out in a border community in the southwest of the United States.
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Colina
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marrone
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Maia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ingram
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Daisey
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sánchez
mesh_terms: D054521:Cultural Competency; D006801:Humans; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012106:Research / Q000592:standards*; D012107:Research Design / Q000592:standards*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D014177:Translations
keywords: Spanish; audiology; back-translation; border health; cross-cultural; evaluation; health research; methodology; quality