title: High-Performance Upconversion Nanoprobes for Multimodal MR Imaging of Acute Ischemic Stroke.
abstract: Multimodal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, including MR angiography (MRA) and MR perfusion (MRP), plays a critical role in the diagnosis and surveillance of acute ischemic stroke. However, these techniques are hindered by the low T1 relaxivity, short circulation time, and high leakage rate from vessels of clinical Magnevist. To address these problems, nontoxic polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated upconversion nanoprobes (PEG-UCNPs) are synthesized and first adopted for excellent MRA and MRP imaging, featuring high diagnostic sensitivity toward acute ischemic stroke in high-resolution imaging. The investigations show that the agent possesses superior advantages over clinical Magnevist, such as much higher relaxivity, longer circulation time, and lower leakage rate, which guarantee much better imaging efficiency. Remarkably, an extremely small dosage (5 mg Gd kg(-1) ) of PEG-UCNPs provides high-resolution MRA imaging with the vascular system delineated much clearer than the Magnevist with clinical dosage as high as 108 mg Gd kg(-1) . On the other hand, the long circulation time of PEG-UCNPs enables the surveillance of the progression of ischemic stroke using MRA or MRP. Once translated, these PEG-UCNPs are expected to be a promising candidate for substituting the clinical Magnevist in MRA and MRP, which will significantly lengthen the imaging time window and improve the overall diagnostic efficiency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Dalong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Wenpei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jianxun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yanyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yingying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhaowen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Tianyong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China.|State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.|Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Wenbo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhenwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols
keywords: MR angiography imaging; PEG-UCNP nanoparticles; acute ischemic stroke; medical imaging; multimodal MR imaging