title: Visual inspection with acetic acid and Lugol's iodine in cervical cancer screening at the general referral hospital Kayembe in Mbuji-Mayi, Democratic Republic of Congo.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cervical cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality of women from cancer in the developing World. It is the primary cause of reduced life expectancy in Sub-Saharan countries such as Democratic Republic of Congo. The aim of this work was to determinate the socio-demographic profile of women with precancerous and cancerous lesions of the cervix, to determinate the frequency of VIA and VILI positive cases and to show the challenges that can be faced in managing patients with abnormalities in the city of Mbuji-Mayi in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
  
  
  METHODS
  As part of its activities, the "Association de Lutte contre le Cancer du Col utérin" (ALCC) organized a community outreach followed by free voluntary testing for cervical cancer for two weeks (26(th)March to 10(th) April 2011) at the General Referral Hospital Kayembe in Mbuji-Mayi (Democratic Republic of Congo).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 229 women were examined. 38% of tests (VIA + VILI) were positive with 6 clinically suspected cases of invasive cancer at stage 1 (7% of cases). Nearly 70% of patients were still of childbearing age and had started their first sexual intercourse before 18 years of age and 86% of cases were multiparous. Given the material, financial and technical constraints, 75% of patients were placed in a monitoring program of 9 months to 1 year (= expectation and another test) while 11% of them were selected for a biopsy to be locally practiced and sent to the pathologist. Nearly 8% of the cases were candidates for hysterectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Given the difficulties encountered and the frequency of positive tests, we recommend another study with a larger sample, improved working conditions (mainly equipment) and the association of another test such as the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) test.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lubumbashi, DR Congo.
authors.forename: Banza Kamba
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Desire
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lubumbashi, DR Congo.
authors.forename: Cilundika Mulenga
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Philippe
authors.affiliation: General Referal Hospital Kayembe, Mbuji-Mayi, DR Congo.
authors.forename: Kabengele
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thierry
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lubumbashi, DR Congo.
authors.forename: Kitenge Wa Momat
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Félix
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, DR Congo.
authors.forename: Gilbert Utshudienyema
authors.initials: GU
authors.lastname: Wembodinga
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lubumbashi, DR Congo.
authors.forename: Kakudji Luhete
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Prosper
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lubumbashi, DR Congo.
authors.forename: Luboya Numbi
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Oscar
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015023:Democratic Republic of the Congo; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006769:Hospitals, General; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007454:Iodides; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007454:Iodides; D019342:Acetic Acid; C010389:Lugol's solution
keywords: Cervical cancer; Democratic Republic of Congo; Mbuji-Mayi; VIA; VILI; screening; visual methods