title: Pulmonary hypertension complicating pulmonary sarcoidosis.
abstract: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe complication of sarcoidosis, with an unknown prevalence. The aetiology is multifactorial, and the exact mechanism of PH in the individual patient is often difficult to establish. The diagnostic work-up and treatment of PH in sarcoidosis is complex, and should therefore be determined by a multidisciplinary expert team in a specialised centre. It is still a major challenge to identify sarcoidosis patients at risk for developing PH. There is no validated algorithm when to refer a patient suspected for PH, and PH analysis itself is difficult. Until present, there is no established therapy for PH in sarcoidosis. Besides optimal treatment for sarcoidosis, case series evaluating new therapeutic options involving PH-targeted therapy are arising for a subgroup of patients. This review summarises the current knowledge regarding the aetiology, diagnosis and possible treatment options for PH in sarcoidosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands. mp.huitema@antoniusziekenhuis.nl.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Huitema
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonology, St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.|Division of Heart and Lung, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Grutters
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: B J W M
authors.initials: BJWM
authors.lastname: Rensing
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonology, St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Reesink
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Post
keywords: Interstitial lung disease; Pulmonary hypertension; Sarcoidosis