title: Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by the fungus Arthroderma fulvum and its antifungal activity against genera of Candida, Aspergillus and Fusarium.
abstract: The objective of this study was to find one or more fungal strains that could be utilized to biosynthesize antifungal silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Using morphological and molecular methods, Arthroderma fulvum was identified as the most effective fungal strain for synthesizing AgNPs. The UV-visible range showed a single peak at 420 nm, which corresponded to the surface plasmon absorbance of AgNPs. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that the biosynthesized AgNPs were crystalline in nature with an average diameter of 15.5±2.5 nm. Numerous factors could potentially affect the process of biosynthesis, and the main factors are discussed here. Optimization results showed that substrate concentration of 1.5 mM, alkaline pH, reaction temperature of 55°C, and reaction time of 10 hours were the optimum conditions for AgNP biosynthesis. Biosynthesized AgNPs showed considerable activity against the tested fungal strains, including Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., and Fusarium spp., especially Candida spp.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogenobiology, Jilin University Mycology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Baiji
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogenobiology, Jilin University Mycology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogenobiology, Jilin University Mycology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogenobiology, Jilin University Mycology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dongyang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathogenobiology, Jilin University Mycology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003883:Arthrodermataceae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000187:drug effects; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects; D005670:Fusarium / Q000187:drug effects; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D012834:Silver
keywords: antifungal activity; fungi; nanomedicine; silver nanoparticles