title: Novel piroxicam-loaded nanospheres generated by the electrospraying technique: physicochemical characterisation and oral bioavailability evaluation.
abstract: To determine if a novel electrospraying technique could be applied to an oral drug delivery system for improving the solubility and oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble piroxicam; the nanospheres were generated with drug and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) using electrospraying technique; and their physicochemical properties, solubility, release and pharmacokinetics were evaluated in comparison with piroxicam powder. All nanospheres had significantly increased drug solubility and dissolution rates in comparison with the drug powder. In particular, the nanosphere composed of piroxicam and PVP at a weight ratio of 2:8 gave about 600-fold higher solubility, 15-fold higher release rate and 3-fold higher AUC in comparison to piroxicam powder, leading to significantly enhanced oral bioavailability in rats, due to the mingled effect of nanonisation along with transformation to the amorphous state. Thus, this electrospraying technique can be utilised to produce a novel oral nanosphere delivery system with enhanced solubility and oral bioavailability for poorly water-soluble piroxicam.
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Hanyang University , Ansan , South Korea ;
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mustapha
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Hanyang University , Ansan , South Korea ;|b Department of Pharmacy , Quaid-I-Azam University , Islamabad , Pakistan ;
authors.forename: Fakhar Ud
authors.initials: FU
authors.lastname: Din
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Hanyang University , Ansan , South Korea ;
authors.forename: Dong Wuk
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Hanyang University , Ansan , South Korea ;
authors.forename: Jong Hyuck
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: c College of Pharmacy , Yeungnam University , Gyongsan , South Korea ;
authors.forename: Kyu Bong
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.affiliation: d Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Sejong University , Seoul , South Korea ;
authors.forename: Soo-Jeong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: e School of Pharmacy , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , South Korea ;
authors.forename: Yu Seok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Youn
authors.affiliation: f College of Pharmacy , Inje University , Gimhae , South Korea ;
authors.forename: Kwan Hyung
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Hanyang University , Ansan , South Korea ;|g Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine , The Islamia University of Bahawalpur-Railway Road , Bahawalpur , Pakistan ;
authors.forename: Rehmana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rashid
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Hanyang University , Ansan , South Korea ;|h Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Central Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan.
authors.forename: Abid Mehmood
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Yousaf
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmacy , Quaid-I-Azam University , Islamabad , Pakistan ;
authors.forename: Jong Oh
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmacy , Quaid-I-Azam University , Islamabad , Pakistan ;
authors.forename: Chul Soon
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.affiliation: a College of Pharmacy & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Hanyang University , Ansan , South Korea ;
authors.forename: Han-Gon
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D054118:Nanospheres / Q000737:chemistry*; D010894:Piroxicam / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D010894:Piroxicam
keywords: Piroxicam; electrospraying technique; nanospheres; oral bioavailability; solubility