title: Transcription Regulation and Membrane Stress Management in Enterobacterial Pathogens.
abstract: Transcription regulation in a temporal and conditional manner underpins the lifecycle of enterobacterial pathogens. Upon exposure to a wide array of environmental cues, these pathogens modulate their gene expression via the RNA polymerase and associated sigma factors. Different sigma factors, either involved in general 'house-keeping' or specific responses, guide the RNA polymerase to their cognate promoter DNAs. The major alternative sigma54 factor when activated helps pathogens manage stresses and proliferate in their ecological niches. In this chapter, we review the function and regulation of the sigma54-dependent Phage shock protein (Psp) system-a major stress response when Gram-negative pathogens encounter damages to their inner membranes. We discuss the recent development on mechanisms of gene regulation, signal transduction and stress mitigation in light of different biophysical and biochemical approaches.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
authors.forename: Goran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jovanovic
authors.affiliation: Division of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.affiliation: Division of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ces
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Sir Ernst Chain Building, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK. m.buck@imperial.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buck
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011487:Protein Conformation; D051877:RNA Polymerase Sigma 54 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; C069816:phage shock protein, Bacteria; D051877:RNA Polymerase Sigma 54
keywords: Membrane stress; Psp; RNA polymerase; Sigma factors; Transcription