title: Activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase in B-cell and plasma cell subsets of monoclonal gammopathy patients and healthy donors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) is highly active in physiological stem cells as well as in tumor-initiating cells of some malignancies including multiple myeloma (MM). Finding higher activity of ALDH in some cell subsets in monoclonal gammopathies (MG) could identify potential source of myeloma-initiating cells (MICs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Bone marrow of 12 MM, 9 monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), and 10 healthy donors (HD) were analyzed by flow cytometry. ALDH activity of B-cells and plasma cells (PC) was analyzed using Aldefluor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Similar changes of ALDH activity were found during B-cell development in HD and MG. Decreasing of ALDH activity from immature to naïve B-cells was found. In postgerminal stages, the activity started to increase, and in PCs, the ALDH activity was the same as in immature B-cells. Increased ALDH activity of all PC subsets compared to naïve B-cells was found in MM as well as in HD, while in MGUS, only CD19-PCs have higher ALDH activity. In HD, ALDH activity was higher in CD19+PCs compared with MG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that changes of ALDH activity are the natural phenomenon in B-cell development; thus, high ALDH activity as a single marker is not appropriate for MICs identification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Haematology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Pavla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Všianská
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Haematology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bezděková
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Fedor
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kryukov
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Haematology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Almáši
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Luděk
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pour
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Haematology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Penka
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Haematology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.|Department of Haematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hájek
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Haematology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Říhová
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D015415:Biomarkers; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008998:Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010265:Paraproteinemias / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000201:enzymology*; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D015415:Biomarkers; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase
keywords: B-cell; aldehyde dehydrogenase; multiple myeloma; plasma cell