title: Role of Vanadium in Cellular and Molecular Immunology: Association with Immune-Related Inflammation and Pharmacotoxicology Mechanisms.
abstract: Over the last decade, a diverse spectrum of vanadium compounds has arisen as anti-inflammatory therapeutic metallodrugs targeting various diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated that select well-defined vanadium species are involved in many immune-driven molecular mechanisms that regulate and influence immune responses. In addition, advances in cell immunotherapy have relied on the use of metallodrugs to create a "safe," highly regulated, environment for optimal control of immune response. Emerging findings include optimal regulation of B/T cell signaling and expression of immune suppressive or anti-inflammatory cytokines, critical for immune cell effector functions. Furthermore, in-depth perusals have explored NF-κB and Toll-like receptor signaling mechanisms in order to enhance adaptive immune responses and promote recruitment or conversion of inflammatory cells to immunodeficient tissues. Consequently, well-defined vanadium metallodrugs, poised to access and resensitize the immune microenvironment, interact with various biomolecular targets, such as B cells, T cells, interleukin markers, and transcription factors, thereby influencing and affecting immune signaling. A synthetically formulated and structure-based (bio)chemical reactivity account of vanadoforms emerges as a plausible strategy for designing drugs characterized by selectivity and specificity, with respect to the cellular molecular targets intimately linked to immune responses, thereby giving rise to a challenging field linked to the development of immune system vanadodrugs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tsave
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Savvas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Petanidis
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Efrosini
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kioseoglou
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Yavropoulou
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Yovos
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Laboratory of General Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Doxakis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Anestakis
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Forensic Medical Service of Thessaloniki, Ministry of Justice, Transparency, and Human Rights, Dimokratias 1 Square, 54012 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Androniki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsepa
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salifoglou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014639:Vanadium / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014639:Vanadium