title: Severity of endoscopically identified esophageal rings correlates with reduced esophageal distensibility in eosinophilic esophagitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A grading system for the endoscopic features of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) has recently been validated. The EoE Endoscopic Reference Score (EREFS) incorporates both inflammatory and remodeling features of EoE. High resolution impedance planimetry using the functional luminal imaging probe (FLIP) is a technique for quantification of esophageal remodeling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between endoscopic severity with EREFS and esophageal distensibility as measured with the FLIP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with biopsies and FLIP were performed in 72 adults with EoE. Endoscopic features of edema, rings, exudates, furrows, and stricture were evaluated using the EREFS system. Esophageal distensibility metrics obtained by FLIP, including the distensibility slope and distensibility plateau, were compared with EREFS parameters. Bivariate associations between EREFS parameters and histologic eosinophil density were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher ring scores were associated with a lower distensibility plateau (rs = -0.46; P < 0.0001). An association was found between severity of exudates and eosinophil density (rs = 0.27; P = 0.02), as well as between furrows and eosinophil density (rs = 0.49; P < 0.0001). Severity of exudates and furrows, and degree of eosinophilia were not associated with the distensibility parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic assessment of ring severity can serve as a marker for esophageal remodeling and may be useful for food impaction risk stratification in EoE. Eosinophil count was not significantly associated with esophageal distensibility, consistent with previous reports of dissociation between inflammatory activity and fibrostenosis in EoE. Endoscopic inflammatory features show a weak correlation with histopathology but should not replace histologic indices of inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Joan W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Pandolfino
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Zhiyue
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Jody D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Ciolino
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Nirmala
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gonsalves
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kahrilas
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hirano
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D004106:Dilatation; D004487:Edema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D057765:Eosinophilic Esophagitis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000473:pathology; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D004945:Esophagoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation; D004947:Esophagus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D005122:Exudates and Transudates; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D055815:Young Adult