title: Innovative strategies to improve diabetes outcomes in disadvantaged populations.
abstract: Diabetes disproportionately affects disadvantaged populations. Eighty percent of deaths directly caused by diabetes occurred in low- and middle-income countries. In high-income countries, there are marked disparities in diabetes control among racial/ethnic minorities and those with low socio-economic status. Innovative, effective and cost-effective strategies are needed to improve diabetes outcomes in these populations. Technological advances, peer educators and community health workers have expanded methodologies to reach, educate and monitor individuals with diabetes. In the present manuscript we review the outcomes of these strategies, and describe the barriers to and facilitators of these approaches for improving diabetes outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, North Central Bronx Hospital, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ruddock
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Poindexter
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA.|Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA.
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Gary-Webb
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, North Central Bronx Hospital, Bronx, NY.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, North Central Bronx Hospital, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.|Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003153:Community Health Services / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003150:Community Health Workers / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000191:economics / Q000628:therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000191:economics / Q000628:therapy*; D014943:Global Health / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D054625:Healthcare Disparities / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D063731:Mobile Applications / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019114:Remote Consultation / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D061108:Social Media / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013689:Telephone / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D035703:Therapies, Investigational / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D035862:Vulnerable Populations