title: Cytofluorometric Quantification of Cell Death Elicited by NLR Proteins.
abstract: Nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat containing (NLR) proteins, also known as NOD-like receptors, are critical components of the molecular machinery that senses intracellular danger signals to initiate an innate immune response against invading pathogens or endogenous sources of hazard. The best characterized effect of NLR signaling is the secretion of various cytokines with immunostimulatory effects, including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Moreover, at least under specific circumstances, NLRs can promote regulated variants of cell death. Here, we detail two protocols for the cytofluorometric quantification of cell death-associated parameters that can be conveniently employed to assess the lethal activity of specific NLRs or their ligands.
authors.affiliation: Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.|INSERM, U1138, Paris, France.|Equipe 11, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, Paris, 75005, France.|Faculté de Medicine, Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.|Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sica
authors.affiliation: Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Gwenola
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Manic
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U1138, Paris, France.|Equipe 11, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, Paris, 75005, France.|Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 12 Rue de E'cole de Medecine, 75006, Paris, France.|Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.|Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.|Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kroemer
authors.affiliation: Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.|Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Ilio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vitale
authors.affiliation: Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. deadoc@vodafone.it.|INSERM, U1138, Paris, France. deadoc@vodafone.it.|Equipe 11, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, Paris, 75005, France. deadoc@vodafone.it.|Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 12 Rue de E'cole de Medecine, 75006, Paris, France. deadoc@vodafone.it.|Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France. deadoc@vodafone.it.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Galluzzi
mesh_terms: D020170:Caspase 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D016923:Cell Death; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D000070576:NLR Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000070576:NLR Proteins; D020170:Caspase 1
keywords: Annexin A5; Apoptosis; Caspase; Mitochondria; Necrosis