title: Azole-Anion-Based Aprotic Ionic Liquids: Functional Solvents for Atmospheric CO2Transformation into Various Heterocyclic Compounds.
abstract: The chemical transformation of atmospheric CO2is of great significance yet still poses a great challenge. Herein, azole-anion-based aprotic ionic liquids (ILs) were synthesized by the deprotonation of weak proton donors (e.g., 2-methylimidazole, 4-methylimidazole, and 2,4-dimethylimidazole) with tetrabutylphosphonium hydroxide, [Bu4P][OH]. We found that these ILs, such as [Bu4P][2-MIm], could activate atmospheric CO2through the formation of carbamates. The resultant carbamate intermediates could further react with various types of substrate, including propargylic alcohols, 2-aminobenzonitriles, ortho-phenylenediamines, and 2-aminothiophenol, thereby producing α-alkylidene cyclic carbonates, quinazoline-2,4(1 H,3 H)-diones, benzimidazolones, and benzothiazoline, respectively, in moderate-to-good yields. Thus, we have achieved the transformation of CO2at atmospheric pressure, and we expect this method to open up new routes for the synthesis of various oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds under metal-free conditions.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2, North First Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yanfei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2, North First Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yunyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2, North First Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Guangfeng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2, North First Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Leiduan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2, North First Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2, North First Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhenzhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2, North First Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2, North First Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hongye
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2, North First Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China. liuzm@iccas.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Zhimin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
keywords: atmospheric chemistry; azoles; carbon dioxide; heterocyclic compounds; ionic liquids