title: Passive wireless tags for tongue controlled assistive technology interfaces.
abstract: Tongue control with low profile, passive mouth tags is demonstrated as a human-device interface by communicating values of tongue-tag separation over a wireless link. Confusion matrices are provided to demonstrate user accuracy in targeting by tongue position. Accuracy is found to increase dramatically after short training sequences with errors falling close to 1% in magnitude with zero missed targets. The rate at which users are able to learn accurate targeting with high accuracy indicates that this is an intuitive device to operate. The significance of the work is that innovative very unobtrusive, wireless tags can be used to provide intuitive human-computer interfaces based on low cost and disposable mouth mounted technology. With the development of an appropriate reading system, control of assistive devices such as computer mice or wheelchairs could be possible for tetraplegics and others who retain fine motor control capability of their tongues. The tags contain no battery and are intended to fit directly on the hard palate, detecting tongue position in the mouth with no need for tongue piercings.
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering , University of Kent , Canterbury , CT2 7NT , UK.
authors.forename: Osman O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Rakibet
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering , University of Kent , Canterbury , CT2 7NT , UK.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Horne
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering , University of Kent , Canterbury , CT2 7NT , UK.
authors.forename: Stephen W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering , University of Kent , Canterbury , CT2 7NT , UK.
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Batchelor
keywords: computer mice; confusion matrices; handicapped aids; human–computer interfaces; human–device interface; identification technology; man-machine systems; medical control systems; passive mouth tags; passive wireless tags; tongue controlled assistive technology interfaces; tongue position; user accuracy; user interfaces; wheelchairs; wireless link