title: Synthesis of two-dimensional titanium nitride Ti4N3 (MXene).
abstract: We report on the synthesis of the first two-dimensional transition metal nitride, Ti4N3-based MXene. In contrast to the previously reported MXene synthesis methods - in which selective etching of a MAX phase precursor occurred in aqueous acidic solutions - here a molten fluoride salt is used to etch Al from a Ti4AlN3 powder precursor at 550 °C under an argon atmosphere. We further delaminated the resulting MXene to produce few-layered nanosheets and monolayers of Ti4N3Tx, where T is a surface termination (F, O, or OH). Density functional theory calculations of bare, non-terminated Ti4N3 and terminated Ti4N3Tx were performed to determine the most energetically stable form of this MXene. Bare and functionalized Ti4N3 are predicted to be metallic. Bare Ti4N3 is expected to show magnetism, which is significantly reduced in the presence of functional groups.
authors.affiliation: A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. gogotsi@drexel.edu.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Urbankowski
authors.affiliation: A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. gogotsi@drexel.edu.
authors.forename: Babak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Anasori
authors.affiliation: A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. gogotsi@drexel.edu.
authors.forename: Taron
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Makaryan
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Dequan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Er
authors.affiliation: A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. gogotsi@drexel.edu.
authors.forename: Sankalp
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kota
authors.affiliation: A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. gogotsi@drexel.edu.
authors.forename: Patrick L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.affiliation: A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. gogotsi@drexel.edu.
authors.forename: Mengqiang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Vivek B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Shenoy
authors.affiliation: A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. gogotsi@drexel.edu.
authors.forename: Michel W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Barsoum
authors.affiliation: A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. gogotsi@drexel.edu.
authors.forename: Yury
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gogotsi