title: Prevalence of Periodontitis in Patients with Established Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Swedish Population Based Case-Control Study.
abstract: The possible hypothesis of a link between periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), specifically anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) positive RA, prompted us to investigate the prevalence of periodontitis in the Swedish Epidemiological Investigation of RA (EIRA), a well-characterised population-based RA case-control cohort.
  
  
  
  Periodontal status of 2,740 RA cases and 3,942 matched controls was retrieved through linking EIRA with the National Dental Health Registry (DHR), where dental diagnostic- and treatment codes on the adult Swedish population have been registered. Dental records from 100 cases and controls were reviewed to validate the periodontal diagnostic codes in DHR.
  
  
  
  The reviewed dental records confirmed 90% of the periodontitis diagnoses in DHR among RA cases, and 88% among controls. We found the positive predictive value of periodontitis diagnoses in the DHR to be 89% (95% CI 78 to 95%) with a sensitivity of 77% (95% CI: 65 to 86%). In total, 86% of EIRA participants were identified in DHR. The risk for periodontitis increased by age and current smoking status in both cases as well as controls. No significant differences in prevalence of periodontal disease in terms of gingivitis, periodontitis, peri-implantitis or increased risk for periodontitis or peri-implantitis were observed between RA cases and controls. In addition, there was no difference on the basis of seropositivity, ACPA or rheumatoid factor (RF), among patients with RA.
  
  
  
  Our data verify that smoking and ageing are risk factors for periodontitis, both in RA and controls. We found no evidence of an increased prevalence of periodontitis in patients with established RA compared to healthy controls, and no differences based on ACPA or RF status among RA subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: Kaja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nise
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kats
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: Elin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Luttropp
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anca Irinel
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Catrina
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Askling
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.|Department of Periodontology at Eastmaninstitutet, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Leif
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jansson
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.|Centre of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Alfredsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Klareskog
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lundberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors.forename: Tülay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yucel-Lindberg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012217:Rheumatoid Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012217:Rheumatoid Factor