title: Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediates Latent HIV Reactivation.
abstract: HSF1, a conserved heat shock factor, has emerged as a key regulator of mammalian transcription in response to cellular metabolic status and stress. To our knowledge, it is not known whether HSF1 regulates viral transcription, particularly HIV-1 and its latent form. Here we reveal that HSF1 extensively participates in HIV transcription and is critical for HIV latent reactivation. Mode of action studies demonstrated that HSF1 binds to the HIV 5'-LTR to reactivate viral transcription and recruits a family of closely related multi-subunit complexes, including p300 and p-TEFb. And HSF1 recruits p300 for self-acetylation is also a committed step. The knockout of HSF1 impaired HIV transcription, whereas the conditional over-expression of HSF1 improved that. These findings demonstrate that HSF1 positively regulates the transcription of latent HIV, suggesting that it might be an important target for different therapeutic strategies aimed at a cure for HIV/AIDS.
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.|State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yun
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors.forename: Min-Min
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Xin-Tian
authors.initials: XT
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.|State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Shu-Wen
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology; D002460:Cell Line; D002681:China; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D000076249:Heat Shock Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D042925:Positive Transcriptional Elongation Factor B / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014775:Virus Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D050880:p300-CBP Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D000099224:p300-CBP-Associated Factor
chemical_list: D000076249:Heat Shock Transcription Factors; D042925:Positive Transcriptional Elongation Factor B; D050880:p300-CBP Transcription Factors; D000099224:p300-CBP-Associated Factor; C000619706:HSF1 protein, human