title: The Rao's Brief Repeatable Battery in the study of cognition in different multiple sclerosis phenotypes: application of normative data in a Serbian population.
abstract: Cognitive impairment is prevalent in multiple sclerosis (MS) occurring in 43-72 % of patients with all MS phenotypes. The aim of our study was to assess cognitive performance in different MS subtypes in Serbian population. Rao's Brief Repeatable Battery of neuropsychological tests (BRB-N) was administered to 168 MS patients [37 patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) suggestive of MS, 65 with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), 31 with secondary progressive MS (SPMS) and 35 patients with primary progressive MS (PPMS)]. The percentage of cognitively impaired patients in our total MS cohort was 58.9 %. Prevalence of cognitive dysfunction was 40.5 % in CIS group, 36.9 % in RRMS, 96.8 % in SPMS, and 85.7 % in PPMS group. Patients in CIS and RRMS groups performed consistently better all tests of the Rao's battery than patients in SPMS and PPMS cohort. CIS and RRMS groups performed consistently better in all tests of the Rao's battery than SPMS and PPMS cohort. Additionally, difference in the performance of any of the BRB-N tests was not found between CIS and RRMS. However, there was a significant difference between SPMS and PPMS patients in the performance on five tests of Rao's battery. Statistical significance (p < 0.05) in favor of PPMS patients was demonstrated for the following tasks: SRT_lts, SRT_cltr, SDMT, SRT_D, SPART_D. Our study demonstrates that cognitive impairment is frequent in all MS phenotypes. Furthermore, we have found that cognitive deficit is most severe and most frequent in SPMS patients, followed by PPMS subjects and then CIS and RRMS patients.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 6, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia. jelena60@eunet.rs.
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dackovic
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Tatjana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pekmezovic
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 6, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
authors.forename: Sarlota
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mesaros
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 6, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dujmovic
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 6, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
authors.forename: Nebojsa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stojsavljevic
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 6, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
authors.forename: Vanja
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martinovic
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 6, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Drulovic
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000145:classification* / Q000150:complications*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010641:Phenotype; D055771:Serbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
keywords: Brief Repeatable Battery of neuropsychological tests; Cognitive impairment; Depression; Disability; Multiple sclerosis