title: Proposal of an optimized strategy for intraoperative testing of speech and language during awake mapping.
abstract: In this paper, we review the literature about the definitions of errors observed by direct electrical stimulation during language testing. As a practical application, we propose an optimized strategy for differentiating accurately motor arrest, speech arrest, and anomia in the context of intraoperative mapping. Finally, we also discuss the anatomical correlates of the networks sustaining these different errors, both cortically and axonally.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Lariboisière Hospital, APHP, 2 rue Ambroise Paré, 75010, Paris, France. mandonnet@mac.com.|University Paris 7, Paris, France. mandonnet@mac.com.|IMNC UMR8165, Orsay, France. mandonnet@mac.com.
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mandonnet
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Division of Neurosurgery, Structural and Functional Connectivity Lab Project, S. Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy.|Department of Biomedical and Surgical Sciences, Section of Neurological Psychiatric and Psychological Sciences, S. Anna University-Hospital, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarubbo
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier Medical University Center, Montpellier, France.|Institute of Neuroscience of Montpellier, INSERM U1051, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Hugues
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Duffau
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007802:Language; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology*; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Anarthria; Anomia; Awake surgery; Brain mapping; Motor arrest; Speech arrest