title: Concomitant hepatic artery resection for advanced perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: a case-control study with propensity score matching.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Whether concomitant hepatic artery resection (HAR) improves the prognosis for advanced perihilar cholangiocarcinoma remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to compare short- and long-term surgical results of HAR versus standard resection (SR) for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma using propensity score matching.
  
  
  METHODS
  Among 209 patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma patients who underwent resection in our department, 28 patients underwent HAR, and the remaining 181 patients underwent SR. To adjust for differences in clinicopathological factors, including difficulty in surgery, between groups, propensity score matching was used at a 1:1 ratio, resulting in a comparison of 24 patients per group. The study protocols were approved by our institutional review board (015-0365), enrolled in UMIN-CTR (No: UMIN000019927), and conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences were seen in overall incidence of postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo classification ≥IIIa: 37.5% in SR group vs. 62.5% in HAR group; P = 0.080), except for postoperative liver abscess formation (P = 0.020). Five-year overall survival rates were 30.3% and 20.4%, respectively. No significant difference in overall survival rate was apparent between the SR and HAR groups (P = 0.150).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite being a demanding procedure, concomitant HAR appears feasible for selected patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan.
authors.forename: Takehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Noji
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuchikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan.
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan.
authors.forename: Kimitaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshitsugu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshimichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asano
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shichinohe
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological Surgery II, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D006499:Hepatic Artery / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D018285:Klatskin Tumor / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012737:Sex Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Case-matched control study with propensity score matching; Concomitant hepatic artery resection; Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma