title: Cationic polymers for DNA origami coating - examining their binding efficiency and tuning the enzymatic reaction rates.
abstract: DNA origamis are fully tailored, programmable, biocompatible and readily functionalizable nanostructures that provide an excellent foundation for the development of sophisticated drug-delivery systems. However, the DNA origami objects suffer from certain drawbacks such as low cell-transfection rates and low stability. A great deal of studies on polymer-based transfection agents, mainly focusing on polyplex formation and toxicity, exists. In this study, the electrostatic binding between a brick-like DNA origami and cationic block-copolymers was explored. The effect of the polymer structure on the binding was investigated and the toxicity of the polymer-origami complexes evaluated. The study shows that all of the analyzed polymers had a suitable binding efficiency irrespective of the block structure. It was also observed that the toxicity of polymer-origami complexes was insignificant at the biologically relevant concentration levels. Besides brick-like DNA origamis, tubular origami carriers equipped with enzymes were also coated with the polymers. By adjusting the amount of cationic polymers that cover the DNA structures, we showed that it is possible to control the enzyme kinetics of the complexes. This work gives a starting point for further development of biocompatible and effective polycation-based block copolymers that can be used in coating different DNA origami nanostructures for various bioapplications.
authors.affiliation: Biohybrid Materials Group, Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland. mauri.kostiainen@aalto.fi.
authors.forename: Jenny K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kiviaho
authors.affiliation: Biohybrid Materials Group, Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland. mauri.kostiainen@aalto.fi.
authors.forename: Veikko
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Linko
authors.affiliation: Biohybrid Materials Group, Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland. mauri.kostiainen@aalto.fi.
authors.forename: Ari
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ora
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tiainen
authors.affiliation: Biohybrid Materials Group, Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland. mauri.kostiainen@aalto.fi.
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Järvihaavisto
authors.affiliation: Biohybrid Materials Group, Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland. mauri.kostiainen@aalto.fi.
authors.forename: Joona
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mikkilä
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tenhu
authors.affiliation: Molecular Materials Group, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, 00076 Aalto, Finland.
authors.lastname: Nonappa
authors.affiliation: Biohybrid Materials Group, Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, 00076 Aalto, Finland. mauri.kostiainen@aalto.fi.
authors.forename: Mauri A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kostiainen
mesh_terms: D000072283:A549 Cells; D002412:Cations / Q000737:chemistry*; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D049329:Nanostructures; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D011108:Polymers; D004247:DNA