title: Anti-Proliferation Effects of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) on the Progression of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.
abstract: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a urologic disease that affects most of men over the age 50. But until now there is no such perfect cure without side effects. Because of diverse adverse effects, it is desirable to develop effective and long term-safety-herbal medicines to inhibit the progress of BPH. In spite of garlic's large use and a wide spectrum of studies, including anti-hyperlipidemic, cardio-protective, and anti-inflammatory activities, there was none to prove efficacy for BPH. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of garlic to prove its suppressing effects on BPH. Garlic administration decreased relative prostate weight ratio, suppressed mRNA expression level of AR, DHT serum levels, and the growth of prostatic tissue in BPH-induced rats. Moreover, garlic administration decreased the levels of inflammatory proteins, iNOS, and COX-2 in prostatic tissue. Further investigation showed that garlic induced accumulation of death-inducing signal complex and activation of AMPK and decreased the levels of anti-apoptotic proteins, such as Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and survivin. These results suggest that garlic may have suppressing effects on BPH and it has great potential to be developed as treatment for BPH. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Sangji University, Gangwon-do, 220-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Sook
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Sangji University, Gangwon-do, 220-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Sangji University, Gangwon-do, 220-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Na Young
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Sangji University, Gangwon-do, 220-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Se-Yun
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Cheon
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam, 461-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Wansu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Oriental Internal Medicine, Oriental Hospital of Sang-Ji University, Gangwon-do, 220-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Sangji University, Gangwon-do, 220-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: An
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone / Q000097:blood; D005737:Garlic; D008297:Male; D008517:Phytotherapy; D011467:Prostate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
keywords: Benign prostatic hyperplasia; apoptosis; dihydrotestosterone; garlic (Allium sativum L.); inflammation; proliferation