title: Larval Distribution and Behavior of Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Relative to Other Species on Florida Black Bear (Carnivora: Ursidae) Decomposing Carcasses.
abstract: Larval interactions of dipteran species, blow flies in particular, were observed and documented daily over time and location on five black bear carcasses in Gainesville, FL, USA, from June 2002 - September 2004. Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius) or Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) larvae were collected first, after which Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart) oviposited on the carcasses in multiple locations (i.e., neck, anus, and exposed flesh) not inhabited already by the other blow fly larvae. Within the first week of decomposition, C. rufifacies larvae grew to ≥12 mm, filling the carcasses with thousands of larvae and replacing the other calliphorid larvae either through successful food source competition or by predation. As a result, C. macellaria and C. megacephala were not collected past their third instar feeding stage. The blow fly species, C. megacephala, C. macellaria, Lucilia caeruleiviridis (Macquart), Phormia regina (Meigen), Lucilia sericata (Meigen), and C. rufifacies, completed two developmental cycles in the 88.5-kg carcass. This phenomenon might serve to complicate or prevent the calculation of an accurate postmortem interval.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Entomology and Nematology, Univ of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. slswiger@ag.tamu.edu.|Texas A&M AgriLife Extension, 1229 North U.S. Hwy 281, Stephenville, TX, 76401, USA. slswiger@ag.tamu.edu.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Swiger
authors.affiliation: United States Department of Agriculture, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, FL, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hogsette
authors.affiliation: Dept of Entomology and Nematology, Univ of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Butler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D002102:Cadaver; D004175:Diptera; D005431:Florida; D007814:Larva; D008018:Life Cycle Stages; D010058:Oviposition; D011180:Postmortem Changes; D001503:Ursidae
keywords: Cochliomyia macellaria; Lucilia coeruleiviridis; decomposition; hairy maggot blow fly; larvae behavior