title: Correlation Between Central and Peripheral Bone Mineral Density Around the Elbow Measured by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry in Healthy Children and Adolescents.
abstract: This pilot study was performed to evaluate the correlation between central bone mineral density (BMD) and peripheral BMD around the elbow in children and adolescents and to compare BMD values across skeletal sites. Twenty-seven healthy volunteers between 5 and 18 yr of age were recruited for the study. Anthropometric measurements including height and weight were performed. Central BMD at the lumbar spine and left femur and peripheral BMD at the supracondylar area, medial condyle, lateral condyle, and olecranon were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Higher BMD levels were found in the central skeleton (lumbar spine and femur) than in peripheral sites around the elbow (p < 0.001). BMD values around the elbow ranged from 44.4% to 63.2% compared to the BMD values of the central skeleton. Among the peripheral sites around the elbow, the highest BMD was observed at the supracondylar area and olecranon, and the lowest BMD was found at the lateral condyle. Peripheral DXA measurements around the elbow were significantly correlated with central DXA measurements at the lumbar spine and femur. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the measurements of BMD around the elbow were correlated with BMD at central sites. Given the small sample size in this pilot study, further study with a large cohort is required to use the BMD measurements around the elbow as a valid clinical tool for fracture risk assessment and population-based epidemiological studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Kyungki, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ki Hyuk
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Kyungki, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chin Youb
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Kyungki, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyoung Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Collaboration Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Kyungki, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jaebong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myung Ki
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Kyungki, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byung Chae
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Kyungki, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Kyungki, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: pmsmed@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Moon Seok
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000293:Adolescent; D015519:Bone Density; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004550:Elbow / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000453:epidemiology*; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D006811:Humerus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D056740:Olecranon Process / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D018570:Risk Assessment
keywords: Bone mineral density; children and adolescents; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; elbow