title: Paternal Caregivers' Parenting Practices and Psychological Functioning among African American Youth Living in Urban Public Housing.
abstract: Structural factors associated with public housing contribute to living environments that expose families to adverse life events that may in turn directly impact parenting and youth outcomes. However, despite the growth in research on fathers, research on families in public housing has practically excluded fathers and the role fathers play in the well-being of their adolescents. Using a sample of 660 African American adolescents recruited from public housing, we examined the relationship between paternal caregivers' (i.e., fathers' and father figures') parenting practices and adolescents' depressive symptoms, attitudes toward deviance, and self-efficacy. Using a latent profile analysis (LPA), we confirmed a four-class model of paternal parenting practices ranging from high to low levels of monitoring and encouragement. Results from a one-way ANOVA indicated that paternal caregivers with high (compared to moderate) levels of encouragement and monitoring were associated with youth who reported less depressive symptoms, higher levels of self-efficacy, and less favorable attitudes toward deviance. Discriminant analysis results indicated that approximately half of the sample were correctly classified into two paternal caregiver classes. The findings provide evidence that some of these caregivers engage in parenting practices that support youths' psychological functioning. More research is needed to determine what accounts for the variability in levels of paternal encouragement and supervision, including environmental influences, particularly for paternal caregivers exhibiting moderate-to-low levels of paternal encouragement and monitoring.
authors.affiliation: Jane Addams College of Social Work, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL.
authors.forename: Otima
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Doyle
authors.affiliation: School of Social Work, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.
authors.forename: Trenette
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Clark Goings
authors.affiliation: North Carolina State University, Durham, NC.
authors.forename: Qiana R
authors.initials: QR
authors.lastname: Cryer-Coupet
authors.affiliation: School of Social Work, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA.
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lombe
authors.affiliation: Jane Addams College of Social Work, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stephens
authors.affiliation: Jane Addams College of Social Work, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL.
authors.forename: Von E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Nebbitt
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D017028:Caregivers; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D065886:Neurodevelopmental Disorders; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D011638:Public Housing; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D014505:Urban Population; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: African American Fathers; Jóvenes; Parenting Practices; Psychological Functioning; Youth; funcionamiento psicológico; padres afroamericanos; prácticas de crianza; 为人父母做法; 心理功能; 青少年; 非裔美国父亲