title: Dopamine-loaded liposome and its application in electrochemical DNA biosensor.
abstract: In this study, disruption and lyophilization-rehydration of dopamine-loaded liposome and its application in electrochemical DNA biosensor was investigated. The liposomes containing soyphosphatidylcholine and cholesterol were prepared through thin-layer hydration. First, an investigation was carried out to find an appropriate lysing agent for disruption of prepared liposomes. Differential pulse voltammetry, as a high sensitive electrochemical technique, was used along with a multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrode for sensitive electrochemical detection of released dopamine from disrupted liposomes. Various lysing agents were investigated and finally, the disruption of liposomes using methanol was selected without any surfactant, because of its least fouling effect. Then, lyophilization of dopamine-loaded liposomes was carried out using sucrose as cryoprotectant. The electrochemical studies of lyophilized liposomes showed that the remained dopamine in sucrose-protected liposomes was higher than sucrose-free liposomes. Furthermore, sucrose has no interference in electrochemical studies. Then, with the addition of biotin-X-DHPE to liposome formulation, the lyophilized sucrose protected dopamine-loaded biotin-tagged liposomes were prepared and the feasibility of application of them in electrochemical DNA biosensor was investigated as signal enhancer and verified for detection of oligonucleotides.
authors.affiliation: Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Tohid
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mahmoudi-Badiki
authors.affiliation: Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran i-alipour@tabrizu.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Esmaeel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alipour
authors.affiliation: Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamed
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hamishehkar
authors.affiliation: Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Mahdi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Golabi
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D001710:Biotin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000737:chemistry*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D004566:Electrodes; D005612:Freeze Drying; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry*; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000032:analysis; D010316:Particle Size; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines / Q000737:chemistry; D013395:Sucrose / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D008081:Liposomes; C403767:N-(((6-biotinoyl)amino)hexanoyl)-1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines; D013395:Sucrose; D001710:Biotin; D004247:DNA; D004298:Dopamine
keywords: Dopamine-loaded liposome; electrochemical DNA biosensors; lyophilization; lysing agents; signal enhancer