title: Screening and functional analysis of differentially expressed genes in chronic glomerulonephritis by whole genome microarray.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) is the most common form of the glomerular disease with unclear molecular mechanisms, which related to immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to characterize differentially expressed genes in the normal and adriamycin-induced CGN rats by microarray analysis, and to determine the potential molecular mechanisms of CGN pathogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  For the gene expression analysis, fresh glomerular tissues from both normal and adriamycin treated rats (n=4, respectively) were collected. Total RNA was extracted and subjected to Agilent Rat 4×44 K whole genome microarray. KEGG, Gene Ontology (GO) analyze, LIMMA, String and Cytoscape software were applied to screen and analyze differentially regulated genes. In addition, the Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to verify the selected genes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  2334 differentially regulated genes were identified including 1294 up-regulated genes and 1040 down-regulated genes. According to the results of Generank, String and Cytoscape analyses, 27 genes may be key controlled genes in the pathogenesis of CGN, including 14 up-regulated genes (Fos, Myc, Kng1, Rac2, Pik3r1, Egr1, Icam1, Syk, Anxa1, Lgals3, Ptprc, Runx1, Itgb7, Ccl6) and 13 down-regulated genes (Aldh2, Dpyd, Mthfd1, Gldc, Ppar-α, Igf1, Pomc, Oas1a, Gsr, Acox1, Cyp1a1, Ugt2b15, Hsd3b6), which primarily contribute to biological processes such as, cell cycle, cell proliferation, inflammatory response, immune response, metabolic process, and so on. Fos and Syk were considered as potent hub genes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Global gene expression profile analysis showed that the molecular mechanism of CGN pathogenesis may be related to the promotion of cell cycle and mitosis, dysregulation of cytokine secretion and disordered inflammatory response as well as abnormal metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, The first affiliated hospital of Anhui university of Chinese medicine, 117 Meishan Road, Hefei, China. Electronic address: zyfygjr2006@163.com.
authors.forename: Jia-Rong
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Anhui university of Chinese medicine, 103 Meishan Road, Hefei, China. Electronic address: 1036951872@qq.com.
authors.forename: Xiu-Juan
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, The first affiliated hospital of Anhui university of Chinese medicine, 117 Meishan Road, Hefei, China. Electronic address: 657861261@qq.com.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Anhui university of Chinese medicine, 103 Meishan Road, Hefei, China. Electronic address: 136931653@qq.com.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Anhui university of Chinese medicine, 103 Meishan Road, Hefei, China. Electronic address: 1548009478@qq.com.
authors.forename: Jun-Mei
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Anhui university of Chinese medicine, 103 Meishan Road, Hefei, China. Electronic address: 1521316853@qq.com.
authors.forename: Shuang-Zhi
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000235:genetics; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000633:toxicity; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D016678:Genome; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000235:genetics*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000072377:Syk Kinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D004317:Doxorubicin; D000072377:Syk Kinase; C000606898:Syk protein, rat
keywords: CGN; Gene expression; Microarray; Molecular mechanism; Pathogenesis