title: Identification of Enteric Viruses in Foods from Mexico City.
abstract: Foodborne viruses are a common and, probably, the most under-recognized cause of outbreaks of gastroenteritis. Among the main foods involved in the transmission of human enteric viruses are mollusks, and fruits and vegetables irrigated with wastewater and/or washed with non-potable water or contaminated by contact with surfaces or hands of the infected personnel during its preparation. In this study, 134 food samples were analyzed for the detection of Norovirus, Rotavirus, and Hepatitis A virus (HAV) by amplification of conserved regions of these viruses. From the 134 analyzed samples, 14 were positive for HAV, 6 for Norovirus, and 11 for Rotavirus. This is the first report in Mexico where emphasis is given to the presence of HAV and Norovirus on perishable foods and food from fisheries, as well as Rotavirus on frozen vegetables, confirming the role of vegetables and bivalve mollusks as transmitting vehicles of enteric viruses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Calle Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: José Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Parada-Fabián
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Calle Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Juárez-García
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Calle Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Iván
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Natividad-Bonifacio
authors.affiliation: División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Avenida San Rafael Atlixco 186, Colonia Vicentina, C.P. 09340, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Salinas
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Calle Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, C.P. 11340, Mexico City, Mexico. elsairma46@yahoo.com.mx.
authors.forename: Elsa Irma
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Quiñones-Ramírez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000821:virology*; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000821:virology; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005638:Fruit / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D008800:Mexico; D012758:Shellfish / Q000821:virology*; D014675:Vegetables / Q000821:virology*
keywords: Enteric virus; Food samples; Mollusks; Vegetables