title: A comparison of age-related changes in axial prestretch in human carotid arteries and in human abdominal aorta.
abstract: It is known that large arteries in situ are subjected to significant axial prestretch. This prestretch plays an important physiological role in optimizing the biomechanical response of an artery. It is also known that the prestretch declines with age. However, a detailed description of age-related changes in prestretch is available only for the abdominal aorta and for the femoropliteal artery. Our study presents results of measurements of axial prestretch in 229 left common carotid arteries excised in autopsies. It was found that the prestretch of the carotid artery correlates significantly with age ([Formula: see text], p value < 0.001). A linear regression model was used to fit the observations. Simultaneously with the measurement of the prestretch in the carotid artery, the axial prestretch was also measured in abdominal aorta. By comparing data obtained from these locations, it was concluded that the axial prestretch in the carotid artery is greater than in the abdominal aorta, and that atherosclerosis develops more rapidly in the abdominal aorta than in the carotid artery. Histological sections obtained from 8 carotid arteries and aortas suggest that the medial layer of the left common carotid artery is significantly thinner than aortic media (median/IQR: 0.343/0.086 vs. 0.482/0.172 mm, [Formula: see text] in Wilcoxon signed-rank test) and simultaneously that carotid media contains a lower number of elastic membranes (median/IQR: 26.5/11.8 vs. 31.5/11.8, [Formula: see text] in the Wilcoxon signed-rank test). This could be a reason for the different extent of the prestretch observed in aorta and in carotid artery. Our data sample also contains 5 measurements of the axial prestretch in abdominal aortas suffering from an aneurysm. It was found that aneurysmatic aortas also exhibit axial retraction when excised from in situ position. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that detailed data characterizing axial prestretch of the human left common carotid artery have been presented.
authors.affiliation: Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technická 4, 166 07, Prague, Czech Republic. Lukas.Horny@fs.cvut.cz.
authors.forename: Lukáš
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Horný
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Medicine, Regional Hospital Liberec, Husova 10, 460 63, Liberec, Czech Republic.|Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Ruská 87, 100 00, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Tomáš
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Adámek
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Medicine, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, Šrobárova 1150, 100 34, Prague, Czech Republic.|Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Ruská 87, 100 00, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Markéta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kulvajtová
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000783:Aneurysm / Q000473:pathology; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000502:physiology*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000473:pathology; D055592:Biophysical Phenomena; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008954:Models, Biological
keywords: Abdominal aorta; Age; Autopsy; Biomechanics; Carotid artery; Prestretch; Retraction