title: Comparison between Closing-Wedge and Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy in Patients with Medial Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
abstract: Young active patients with medial knee osteoarthritis (OA) combined with varus leg alignment can be treated with high tibial osteotomy (HTO) to stop the progression of OA and avoid or postpone total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Closing-wedge osteotomy (CWO) and opening-wedge osteotomy (OWO) are the most commonly used osteotomy techniques. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and radiologic outcomes and complications between OWO and CWO. We retrospectively evaluated 23 studies including 17 clinical trials from published databases from their inception to May 2015. We evaluated the clinical outcomes including operation time, visual analog scale (VAS), maximal flexion, and hospital for special surgery knee (HSS) score. The radiologic outcomes included patellar height measured by posterior tibial slope angle, hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle, femorotibial (FT) axis, and limb length. Complications recorded included the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), common peroneal nerve injury, opposite cortical fracture, etc. There were no differences in most of the clinical outcomes except the operation time. OWO increased the posterior slope angle and limb length, decreased the patellar height, and provided higher accuracy of correction. CWO led to a higher incidence of opposite cortical fracture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of JiNan University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Overseas Chinese Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of JiNan University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of JiNan University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Fengsheng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of JiNan University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Duan
mesh_terms: D017760:Bone Malalignment / Q000601:surgery*; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000601:surgery*; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D013977:Tibia / Q000601:surgery*