title: Evolution of Structural Empowerment: Moving From Shared to Professional Governance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to describe the maturation of the concept of shared governance to professional governance as a framework for structural empowerment.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  An analysis of the literature and concept clarification of structural empowerment and shared governance demonstrate that the concept and attributes of shared governance have evolved toward professional governance.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comprehensive, deductive literature review and concept clarification of structural empowerment, shared governance, and related constructs was completed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The concept and practice of shared governance has matured to a concept of professional governance with the attributes of accountability, professional obligation, collateral relationships, and effective decision-making.
authors.affiliation: Author Affiliations: Regional Vice President/Chief Nursing Officer-West (Dr Clavelle), GetWellNetwork, Bethesda, Maryland; Senior Partner (Dr Porter-O'Grady), Tim Porter-O'Grady Associates, Atlanta, Georgia, Professor of Practice, Arizona State University College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Phoenix, and The Ohio State University College of Nursing, Columbus; Chief Executive Officer (Dr Weston), American Nurses Association, Silver Springs, Maryland; Professor (Dr Verran), College of Nursing, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Denver.
authors.forename: Joanne T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Clavelle
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Porter O'Grady
authors.forename: Marla J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Weston
authors.forename: Joyce A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Verran
mesh_terms: D003659:Decision Making, Organizational; D006801:Humans; D016294:Models, Nursing; D009936:Organizational Innovation; D057184:Practice Patterns, Nurses'; D014481:United States