title: Depression in Autoimmune Diseases.
abstract: Up to 50% of patients with autoimmune diseases show an impairment of health-related quality of life and exhibit depression-like symptoms. The immune system not only leads to inflammation in affected organs, but also mediates behavior abnormalities including fatigue and depression-like symptoms. This review focuses on the different pathways involved in the communication of the immune system with the neuronal network and the body's timing system. The latter is built up by a hierarchically organized expression of clock genes. As discussed here, the activation of the immune system interferes with high amplitude expression of clock genes, an effect which may play a pivotal role in depression-like behavior in autoimmune diseases.
authors.affiliation: Preclinical Laboratory for Translational Research into Affective Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy & Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Christopher R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Pryce
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland. fontana.adriano7@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fontana
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation / Q000276:immunology*
keywords: Hepatitis; Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase; Interleukin-1; Kynurenine; Rheumatoid arthritis; Systemic lupus erythematosus; Tumor necrosis factor; Twist1