title: A web resource for mining HLA associations with adverse drug reactions: HLA-ADR.
abstract: Human leukocyte antigens (HLA) are an important family of genes involved in the immune system. Their primary function is to allow the host immune system to be able to distinguish between self and non-self peptides-e.g. derived from invading pathogens. However, these genes have also been implicated in immune-mediated adverse drug reactions (ADRs), presenting a problem to patients, clinicians and pharmaceutical companies. We have previously developed the Allele Frequency Net Database (AFND) that captures the allelic and haplotype frequencies for these HLA genes across many healthy populations from around the world. Here, we report the development and release of the HLA-ADR database that captures data from publications where HLA alleles and haplotypes have been associated with ADRs (e.g. Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis and drug-induced liver injury). HLA-ADR was created by using data obtained through systematic review of the literature and semi-automated literature mining. The database also draws on data already present in AFND allowing users to compare and analyze allele frequencies in both ADR patients and healthy populations. The HLA-ADR database provides clinicians and researchers with a centralized resource from which to investigate immune-mediated ADRs.Database URL: http://www.allelefrequencies.net/hla-adr/.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine Institute of Integrative Biology Liverpool Reviews and Implementation Group.
authors.forename: Gurpreet S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Ghattaoraya
authors.affiliation: Liverpool Reviews and Implementation Group Hesketh Centre, Mersey Care NHS Trust, Southport, UK.
authors.forename: Yenal
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dundar
authors.affiliation: Institute of Integrative Biology Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Torreon, Mexico.
authors.forename: Faviel F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: González-Galarza
authors.affiliation: Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Tucuruí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Helena Thomaz
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Maia
authors.affiliation: Institute of Integrative Biology Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Tucuruí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eduardo José Melo
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Tucuruí, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andréa Luciana Soares
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Institute of Integrative Biology.
authors.forename: Antony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McCabe
authors.affiliation: Transplant Immunology Laboratory, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospital, Liverpool, UK Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Middleton
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alfirevic
authors.affiliation: Liverpool Reviews and Implementation Group.
authors.forename: Rumona
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dickson
authors.affiliation: Institute of Integrative Biology andrew.jones@liverpool.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Andrew R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D003628:Database Management Systems; D016208:Databases, Factual; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D006680:HLA Antigens; D006801:Humans; D014584:User-Computer Interface
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens