title: Free Hepatic Vein Pressure Is Not Useful to Calculate the Portal Pressure Gradient in Cirrhosis: A Morphologic and Hemodynamic Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To systematically evaluate the accuracy of free hepatic vein pressure (FHVP), the internal reference for hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG).
  
  
  METHODS
  Diameter and pressure measurements were obtained in multiple locations within the hepatic vein, inferior vena cava (IVC), and right atrium on 30 hepatic venograms in 29 consecutive candidates for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On angiography, 15 patients (52%) had hepatic veins showing a normal and conical appearance, whereas the other 14 had irregular or narrow (maximal diameter ≤ 6 mm) veins. Diameters of hepatic veins increased from 4.4 mm ± 0.9 (range, 3.3-7 mm) at a peripheral position to 8.7 mm ± 3.0 (range, 5.0-15.5 mm; P < .001) at a central position, and respective pressures decreased from 10.9 mm Hg ± 3.7 (range, 3-17 mm Hg) to 7.4 mm Hg ± 3.7 (range, 0-14 mm Hg; P < .001). Gradients between wedged hepatic vein pressure and central free hepatic vein, IVC, and right atrium pressures were 17.2 mm Hg ± 5.4 (range, 4-33 mm Hg), 18.0 mm Hg ± 5.8 (range, 4-33 mm Hg), and 20.0 mm Hg ± 5.9 (range, 4-33 mm Hg), respectively. Pearson correlation coefficients were 0.679 between the HVPG and hepatic atrial pressure gradient (HAPG) and 0.889 between the wedged hepatic vein/IVC pressure gradient (HCPG) and HAPG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FHVP measurement depends on catheter tip position and vein morphology. Its use to calculate HVPG is not recommended. The high agreement between the HCPG and the HAPG suggests that both gradients may be used if one considers a systemic difference of 2 mm Hg.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: martin-roessle@t-online.de.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rössle
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Blanke
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fritz
authors.affiliation: Departments of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schultheiss
authors.affiliation: Departments of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bettinger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016280:Atrial Function, Right; D062185:Atrial Pressure; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral / Q000295:instrumentation; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000503:physiopathology; D006503:Hepatic Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D006975:Hypertension, Portal / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010690:Phlebography; D017082:Portal Pressure; D019168:Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014160:Transducers, Pressure; D062666:Vascular Access Devices; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000503:physiopathology