title: MFS transporters of Candida species and their role in clinical drug resistance.
abstract: ABC (ATP-binding cassette) and MFS (major facilitator superfamily) exporters, belonging to two different superfamilies, are one of the most prominent contributors of multidrug resistance (MDR) in yeast. While the role of ABC efflux pump proteins in the development of MDR is well documented, the MFS transporters which are also implicated in clinical drug resistance have not received due attention. The MFS superfamily is the largest known family of secondary active membrane carriers, and MFS exporters are capable of transporting a host of substrates ranging from small molecules, including organic and inorganic ions, to complex biomolecules, such as peptide and lipid moieties. A few of the members of the drug/H(+) antiporter family of the MFS superfamily function as multidrug transporters and employ downhill transport of protons to efflux their respective substrates. This review focuses on the recent developments in MFS of Candida and highlights their role in drug transport by using the example of the relatively well characterized promiscuous Mdr1 efflux pump of the pathogenic yeast C. albicans.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
authors.forename: Archana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: K Redhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioresources, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India.
authors.forename: Abdul H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health and Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Amity Education Valley, Gurgaon 122413, India rp47jnu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rajendra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Prasad
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D017920:Antiporters / Q000378:metabolism*; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D017920:Antiporters
keywords: Candida albicans; Drug/H+ antiporter; MFS transporters; Mdr1; multidrug resistance; mutational analysis