title: Clinical Significance of Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery Vascular Hyperintensities in Borderzone Infarcts.
abstract: Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery vascular hyperintensities (FVHs) are seen in some cases with cerebral hemodynamic impairment and collateral flow. Because the worst outcomes of patients with borderzone infarcts were mainly correlated with impaired hemodynamics, the presence of FVH might provide another clue for predicting the prognosis of patients with borderzone infarcts.
  
  
  
  We reviewed 1377 consecutive patients with ischemic stroke. Cortical borderzone (CBZ) and internal borderzone infarcts were selected based on diffusion-weighted imaging. FVHs were defined as tubular- or serpentine-shaped hyperintensities in the subarachnoid space. We investigated the clinical significance of FVHs in borderzone-infarcted patients.
  
  
  
  Among 87 patients with borderzone infarcts, the presence of FVH was observed in 30 (34.5%). We identified 62 patients with CBZ infarcts and 25 patients with internal borderzone infarcts. In the cases with CBZ infarcts, the initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores and the portions of nonfavorable outcome at 3 months in the FVH(+) group were significantly higher than in the FVH(-) group (P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectively). Unlike the cases with CBZ infarcts, there were no significant differences of these clinical features between the FVH(+) group and the FVH(-) group in the patients with internal borderzone infarcts.
  
  
  
  The findings of FVH are associated with relatively severe clinical presentation and nonfavorable prognosis in patients with CBZ infarcts, but not in patients with internal borderzone infarcts. The presence of FVH may help to identify CBZ-infarcted patients who require close observation and hemodynamic control.
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (Si Eun Kim, B.I.L., Sung Eun Kim, K.J.S., J.P., K.M.P., H.C.K., J.L., S.Y.H.) and Neurosurgery (S.-c.J.), Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea; and Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea (H.J.B.).
authors.forename: Si Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (Si Eun Kim, B.I.L., Sung Eun Kim, K.J.S., J.P., K.M.P., H.C.K., J.L., S.Y.H.) and Neurosurgery (S.-c.J.), Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea; and Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea (H.J.B.).
authors.forename: Byung In
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (Si Eun Kim, B.I.L., Sung Eun Kim, K.J.S., J.P., K.M.P., H.C.K., J.L., S.Y.H.) and Neurosurgery (S.-c.J.), Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea; and Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea (H.J.B.).
authors.forename: Sung Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (Si Eun Kim, B.I.L., Sung Eun Kim, K.J.S., J.P., K.M.P., H.C.K., J.L., S.Y.H.) and Neurosurgery (S.-c.J.), Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea; and Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea (H.J.B.).
authors.forename: Kyong Jin
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (Si Eun Kim, B.I.L., Sung Eun Kim, K.J.S., J.P., K.M.P., H.C.K., J.L., S.Y.H.) and Neurosurgery (S.-c.J.), Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea; and Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea (H.J.B.).
authors.forename: JinSe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (Si Eun Kim, B.I.L., Sung Eun Kim, K.J.S., J.P., K.M.P., H.C.K., J.L., S.Y.H.) and Neurosurgery (S.-c.J.), Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea; and Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea (H.J.B.).
authors.forename: Kang Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (Si Eun Kim, B.I.L., Sung Eun Kim, K.J.S., J.P., K.M.P., H.C.K., J.L., S.Y.H.) and Neurosurgery (S.-c.J.), Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea; and Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea (H.J.B.).
authors.forename: Hyung Chan
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (Si Eun Kim, B.I.L., Sung Eun Kim, K.J.S., J.P., K.M.P., H.C.K., J.L., S.Y.H.) and Neurosurgery (S.-c.J.), Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea; and Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea (H.J.B.).
authors.forename: Joonwon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (Si Eun Kim, B.I.L., Sung Eun Kim, K.J.S., J.P., K.M.P., H.C.K., J.L., S.Y.H.) and Neurosurgery (S.-c.J.), Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea; and Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea (H.J.B.).
authors.forename: Hye Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (Si Eun Kim, B.I.L., Sung Eun Kim, K.J.S., J.P., K.M.P., H.C.K., J.L., S.Y.H.) and Neurosurgery (S.-c.J.), Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea; and Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea (H.J.B.).
authors.forename: Sung-Cheol
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Neurology (Si Eun Kim, B.I.L., Sung Eun Kim, K.J.S., J.P., K.M.P., H.C.K., J.L., S.Y.H.) and Neurosurgery (S.-c.J.), Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea; and Department of Radiology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea (H.J.B.). H00251@paik.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Sam Yeol
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ha
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020768:Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: cortical; diffusion magnetic resonance imaging; hemodynamics; infarction; internal; prognosis