title: Maternal and Fetal Lipid and Adipokine Profiles and Their Association with Obesity.
abstract: Background. Maternal metabolic changes impact fetal metabolism resulting in a higher risk for developing chronic diseases later in life. The aim of this study was to assess the association between maternal and fetal adipokine and lipid profiles, as well as the influence of maternal weight on this association. Methods. Healthy pregnant women at term who delivered by C-section were enrolled. Maternal and fetal glucose, lipid profile, adiponectin, leptin, and resistin levels were analyzed by obesity and maternal weight gain. Statistics included descriptives, correlations, and mean differences (SPSS v20.0). Results. Adiponectin and resistin concentrations were higher in fetal blood, while leptin was lower (p < 0.05). A significant inverse association between maternal resistin and fetal LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) (r = -0.327; p = 0.022) was observed. A positive correlation was found between maternal and fetal resistin (r = 0.358; p = 0.013). Women with excessive weight gain had higher leptin levels and their fetuses showed higher LDL-C levels (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Maternal resistin showed an inverse association with fetal LDL-C, suggesting that maternal adiposity status may play an active role in the regulation of fetal lipid profile and consequently, in fetal programming. Excessive maternal weight gain during pregnancy may exert an effect over metabolic mediators in both mother and newborn.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Quimico-Biologicas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, 11340 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Solis-Paredes
authors.affiliation: Direction of Education, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica, 14610 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Espino Y Sosa
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Guadalupe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Estrada-Gutierrez
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nava-Salazar
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ortega-Castillo
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Bosch
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Eyerahi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bravo-Flores
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Aurora
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Espejel-Nuñez
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Bioprogramming, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Maricruz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tolentino-Dolores
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rubí
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gaona-Estudillo
authors.affiliation: Immunology Department, Centro Medico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 02990 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Martinez-Bautista
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Bioprogramming, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Otilia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Perichart-Perera