title: Influence of repeat surgery on treatment time in the interdisciplinary management of impacted maxillary canines: A retrospective cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of repeat surgery on treatment time in the interdisciplinary management of impacted maxillary canines.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients referred for computed tomographic examination for impacted maxillary canines within a 5-year observational period. The occurrence of repeat surgery was analysed with regard to treatment time, canine location, and surgical exposure technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 55 patients with 79 impacted maxillary canines were analysed. Of those, 83.6% did not present with complications that would have prompted repeat surgery during their treatment. For patients requiring repeat surgery, time until clinically visible movement of the canine was significantly longer (p < 0.001), whereas time between initial movement and eruption into the oral cavity was significantly shorter (p < 0.001). Overall treatment time did not differ significantly (p = 0.13). An open surgical exposure technique was associated with a significantly lower occurrence of repeat surgeries (p = 0.03). Bilateral impaction of canines significantly prolonged overall treatment time (p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the event of initial treatment failure during the interdisciplinary management of impacted maxillary canines, repeat surgery should be considered, which has limited effect on overall treatment time. An open surgical exposure technique is preferable.
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Michael H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Bertl
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Foltin
authors.affiliation: Division of Dental Student Training and Patient Care, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Giannis
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral Surgery, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vasak
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral Surgery, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bernhart
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral Surgery, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090 Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: georg.strbac@meduniwien.ac.at.
authors.forename: Georg D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Strbac
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003481:Cuspid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla; D008875:Middle Aged; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D010348:Patient Care Team; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Canine; Impaction; Orthodontics; Repeated surgical intervention; Surgical complications