title: How do different humanness measures relate? Confronting the attribution of secondary emotions, human uniqueness, and human nature traits.
abstract: The present research examines the relationship between the infrahumanization approach and the two-dimensional model of humanness: an issue that has received very little empirical attention. In Study 1, we created three unknown groups (Humanized, Animalized, and Mechanized) granting/denying them Human Nature (HN) and Human Uniqueness (HU) traits. The attribution of primary/secondary emotions was measured. As expected, participants attributed more secondary emotions to the humanized compared to dehumanized groups. Importantly, both animalized and mechanized groups were attributed similar amounts of secondary emotions. In Study 2, the groups were described in terms of their capacity to express secondary emotions. We measured the attribution of HN/HU traits. Results showed that the infrahumanized group was denied both HU/HN traits. The results highlight the importance of considering the common aspects of both approaches in understanding processes of dehumanization.
authors.affiliation: a University of Granada.
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.affiliation: a University of Granada.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Bailon
authors.affiliation: a University of Granada.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moya
authors.affiliation: b University of Trento.
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vaes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D032981:Dehumanization; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D040821:Human Characteristics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012938:Social Perception; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Animalistic dehumanization; human nature; human uniqueness; infrahumanization; mechanistic dehumanization; secondary emotions