title: Synthesis of 9,10-Phenanthrenes via Palladium-Catalyzed Aryne Annulation by o-Halostyrenes and Formal Synthesis of (±)-Tylophorine.
abstract: A novel palladium-catalyzed annulation reaction of in situ generated arynes and o-halostyrenes has been developed. This methodology affords moderate to excellent yields of substituted phenanthrenes and is tolerant of a variety of functional groups such as nitrile, ester, amide, and ketone. This annulation chemistry has been successfully applied to the formal total synthesis of a biologically active alkaloid (±)-tylophorine.
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology , 6 Xuefu Road, Weiyang District, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China.
authors.forename: Tuanli
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States.
authors.forename: Haiming
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology , 6 Xuefu Road, Weiyang District, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China.
authors.forename: Yanna
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao