title: Effect of Exercise and Calorie Restriction on Tissue Acylcarnitines, Tissue Desaturase Indices, and Fat Accumulation in Diet-Induced Obese Rats.
abstract: Both exercise and calorie restriction interventions have been recommended for inducing weight-loss in obese states. However, there is conflicting evidence on their relative benefits for metabolic health and insulin sensitivity. This study seeks to evaluate the differential effects of the two interventions on fat mobilization, fat metabolism, and insulin sensitivity in diet-induced obese animal models. After 4 months of ad libitum high fat diet feeding, 35 male Fischer F344 rats were grouped (n = 7 per cohort) into sedentary control (CON), exercise once a day (EX1), exercise twice a day (EX2), 15% calorie restriction (CR1) and 30% calorie restriction (CR2) cohorts. Interventions were carried out over a 4-week period. We found elevated hepatic and muscle long chain acylcarnitines with both exercise and calorie restriction, and a positive association between hepatic long chain acylcarnitines and insulin sensitivity in the pooled cohort. Our result suggests that long chain acylcarnitines may not indicate incomplete fat oxidation in weight loss interventions. Calorie restriction was found to be more effective than exercise in reducing body weight. Exercise, on the other hand, was more effective in reducing adipose depots and muscle triglycerides, favorably altering muscle/liver desaturase activity and improving insulin sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bio Imaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.
authors.forename: Venkatesh
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gopalan
authors.affiliation: Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.
authors.forename: Navin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Michael
authors.affiliation: Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Japan.
authors.forename: Seigo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishino
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bio Imaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.
authors.forename: Swee Shean
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Takeda Singapore Pte Ltd., Singapore.
authors.forename: Adonsia Yating
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bio Imaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Bhanu Prakash
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bio Imaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.
authors.forename: Jadegoud
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yaligar
authors.affiliation: Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.
authors.forename: Suresh Anand
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Sadananthan
authors.affiliation: Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Japan.
authors.forename: Manami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.affiliation: Takeda Singapore Pte Ltd., Singapore.
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Satomi
authors.affiliation: Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Japan.
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirayama
authors.affiliation: Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidenori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kamiguchi
authors.affiliation: Takeda Singapore Pte Ltd., Singapore.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging Centre, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horiguchi
authors.affiliation: Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishimoto
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bio Imaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.
authors.forename: S Sendhil
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Velan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D031204:Caloric Restriction / Q000379:methods*; D002331:Carnitine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C116917:acylcarnitine; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; D002331:Carnitine