title: Observations on failed retrieval of optional inferior vena cava filters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate causes of failed optional inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) retrievals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single-center retrospective study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IVCF retrievals were attempted in 26/211 (12%) patients at a mean 42.9 days. There were 9 failures (all OptEase) due to: inability to snare the hook (n=5), noncollapsible IVCF (n=3), and unusual procedural pain (n=1). Median duration of retrieved IVCFs was 31 days compared to 53 days for failures (P<.05). IVCFs aligned with the IVC's cephalocaudal axis were retrieved in 13/16 cases, while misaligned IVCFs were retrieved 4/10 cases (P<.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Filter duration and misalignment were significantly associated with retrieval failures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA. Electronic address: davidballardmd@gmail.com.
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Ballard
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Do
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA.
authors.forename: Jeremy J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Laborde
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, University of Zaragoza, Gomez Laguna, 13, 5 B, 50009 Saragossa, Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: de Gregorio
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Hwy, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA.
authors.forename: Runhua
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA. Electronic address: hdagos@lsuhsc.edu.
authors.forename: Horacio B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: D'Agostino
mesh_terms: D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D008145:Louisiana / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017211:Treatment Failure; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016306:Vena Cava Filters
keywords: IVC filter retrieval; IVC filters; Inferior vena cava filter; Inferior vena cava filter retrieval