title: Home-based lifestyle intervention for rural adults improves metabolic syndrome parameters and cardiovascular risk factors: A randomised controlled trial.
abstract: The presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Targeted interventions to reduce MetS for high risk populations are crucial for the prevention of these chronic diseases. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a 6-month home-based physical activity and diet intervention for rural adults with, or at risk of MetS. The randomised controlled trial was conducted in Albany and surrounding towns, Western Australia, 2014-2015. Participants were screened for MetS using the International Diabetes Federation criteria, and eligible participants were randomly assigned to the intervention (n=201) or control (n=200) group. The intervention group received printed and online programme materials and motivational support, and the control group was waitlisted to receive the programme after post-test data collection. Anthropometry, lipid profiles, glycaemic status, and blood pressure were measured at baseline and 6-months post-test. In total, 312 (77.8%) participants completed post-test data collection and were included in the anthropometric analysis, and 274 (68.3%) participants were included in the blood sample analysis. After controlling for confounders, the intervention group significantly improved their triglyceride (-0.10mM, p=0.002), total cholesterol (-0.09mM, p=0.02), and non-HDL cholesterol (-0.08mM, p=0.02) concentrations compared to the control group. Waist circumference (-2.11cm, p=0.03), waist-to-hip ratio (-0.01, p=0.04), weight (-0.70kg, p=0.01), and body mass index (-0.20kg/m(2), p<0.001) were also improved. These findings suggest that comprehensive home-based prevention programmes that include a combination of dietary and physical activity interventions are a promising means to prevent the onset of chronic disease in rural adults.
  
  
  
  anzctr.org.au Identifier: ACTRN12614000512628.
authors.affiliation: Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health (CERIPH), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia. Electronic address: k.blackford@curtin.edu.au.
authors.forename: Krysten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blackford
authors.affiliation: Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health (CERIPH), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Jonine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jancey
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Andy H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Anthony P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: James
authors.affiliation: Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health (CERIPH), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Waddell
authors.affiliation: Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health (CERIPH), Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Howat
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control; D004032:Diet; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity; D012424:Rural Population; D014904:Western Australia
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Chronic disease; Health promotion; Metabolic syndrome; Prevention; Rural health