title: [CT Guided Radiofrequency Ablation Followed Intratumoral Chemotherapy  in the Treatment of Early Stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has become one of the local treatment for inoperable early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study observes effectiveness and safety of computed tomography (CT) guided RFA followed intratumoral chemotherapy (RFA-ITC).
  
  
  METHODS
  From 2005 to 2015, our group perspectively enrolled inoperable early stage NSCLC underwent RFA-ITC duo to poor cardiopulmonary function or with other diseases or patient can't tolerate or reject surgery. RFA was performed by a directive apparatus assisted CT guided semi real-time and step-by-step puncture method, conformal umbrella-shaped electrode and single or multiple targets ablation. While the plan finished and CT showed normal lung tissue around the tumor present ground-glass opacity (GGO), the procedure ended, then 200 mg of carboplatinum were injected into the tumor via the electrode needle. Safety and effectiveness were evaluated by follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Technical success rates of 125 RFA-ITC treatments of 110 patients were 100%. The median survival was 48.0 months, overall survival (OS) was 55.4 months, progression-free survival was 55.1 months, 1, 2, 3, 5-year OS rates were 100%, 90.7%, 62.7%, 21.9%, respectively. Survival of GGO presence or not was 68.3 months and 40.1 months, respectively (P=0.001). The survival rates of the N1 staging and tumor size was no significant difference. No perioperative deaths occurred, the main complications i.e. pneumothorax, pulmonary hemorrhage, pleural effusion, fever, intraoperative chest pain, subcutaneous emphysema, intraoperative cough were slight and tolerable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CT guided RFA-ITC provides a good method for treatment of inoperable early stage NSCLC with better survival, less complication and small damage. .
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Fuxing Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China.
authors.forename: Weijian
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Shijiazhuang Pingan Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Beijing Jiangong Hospital, Beijing 100054, China.
authors.forename: Suhong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Fuxing Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China.
authors.forename: Jinfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Fuxing Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Wujing No.2 Hospital, Beijing 100045, China.
authors.forename: Yuqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Dezhou Cancer Hospital, Dezhou 253000, China.
authors.forename: Chuntang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Baicheng City Hospital, Baicheng 137000, China.
authors.forename: Zhongcheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Beijing Union Hospital, Beijing 100005, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoguang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100054, China.
authors.forename: Xiuyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents