title: [Temperature modifies the acute effect of particulate air pollution on mortality in Jiang'an district of Wuhan].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the temperature modification effect on acute mortality due to particulate air pollution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Daily non-accidental mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and respiratory mortality data were obtained from Jiang'an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Daily meteorological data on mean temperature and relative humidity were collected from China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System. The daily concentration of particulate matter was collected from Wuhan Environmental Monitoring center. By using the stratified time-series models, we analyzed effects of particulate air pollution on mortality under different temperature zone from 2002 to 2010, meanwhile comparing the difference of age, gender and educational level, in Wuhan city of China.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High temperature (daily average temperature > 33.4 ℃) obviously enhanced the effect of PM10 on mortality. With 10 μg/m(3) increase in PM10 concentrations, non-accidental, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality increased 2.95% (95%CI: 1.68%-4.24%), 3.58% (95%CI: 1.72%-5.49%), and 5.07% (95%CI: 2.03%-9.51%) respectively. However, low temperature (daily average temperature <-0.21 ℃) enhanced PM10 effect on respiratory mortality with 3.31% (95% CI: 0.07%-6.64%) increase. At high temperature, PM10 had significantly stronger effect on non-accidental mortality of female aged over 65 and people with high educational level groups. With an increase of 10 μg/m(3), daily non-accidental mortality increased 4.27% (95% CI:2.45%-6.12%), 3.38% (95% CI:1.93%-4.86%) and 3.47% (95% CI:1.79%-5.18%), respectively. Whereas people with low educational level were more susceptible to low temperature. A 10 μg/m(3) increase in PM10 was associated with 2.11% (95% CI: 0.20%-4.04%) for non-accidental mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Temperature factor can modify the association between the PM10 level and cause-specific mortality. Moreover, the differences were apparent after considering the age, gender and education groups.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D002947:Cities; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009026:Mortality; D052638:Particulate Matter; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter