title: Biodiesel production from municipal secondary sludge.
abstract: In the present study, feasibility of biodiesel production from freeze dried sewage sludge was studied and its yield was enhanced by optimization of the in situ transesterification conditions (temperature, catalyst and concentration of sludge solids). Optimized conditions (45°C, 5% catalyst and 0.16g/mL sludge solids) resulted in a 20.76±0.04% biodiesel yield. The purity of biodiesel was ascertained by GC-MS, FT-IR and NMR ((1)H and (13)C) spectroscopy. The biodiesel profile obtained revealed the predominance of methyl esters of fatty acids such as oleic, palmitic, myristic, stearic, lauric, palmitoleic and linoleic acids indicating potential use of sludge as a biodiesel feedstock.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
authors.forename: Manish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
authors.forename: Pooja
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
authors.forename: Khushboo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Khosla
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India. Electronic address: isthakur@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Indu Shekhar
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Thakur
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels; D002384:Catalysis; D004951:Esterification; D004952:Esters / Q000737:chemistry; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005612:Freeze Drying; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D009829:Oleic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013696:Temperature; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D004952:Esters; D005227:Fatty Acids; D009829:Oleic Acids; D012722:Sewage; C005576:methyl oleate
keywords: Biodiesel; Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs); In situ transesterification; Response surface methodology; Secondary sludge