title: Expression profile of Rab5, Rab7, tryptophan aspartate-containing coat protein, leprae lipoarabinomannan, and phenolic glycolipid-1 on the failure of the phagolysosome process in macrophages of leprosy patients as a viability marker of Mycobacterium leprae.
abstract: Phagolysosome process in macrophage of leprosy patients' is important in the early phase of eliminating Mycobacterium leprae invasion. This study was to clarify the involvement of Rab5, Rab7, and trytophan aspartate-containing coat protein (TACO) from host macrophage and leprae lipoarabinomannan (Lep-LAM) and phenolic glycolipid-1 (PGL-1) from M. leprae cell wall as the reflection of phagolysosome process in relation to 16 subunit ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) M. leprae as a marker of viability of M. leprae.
  
  
  
  Using a cross sectional design study, skin biopsies were obtained from 47 newly diagnosed, untreated leprosy at Dr Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. RNA isolation and complementary DNA synthesis were performed. Samples were divided into two groups: 16S rRNA M. leprae-positive and 16S rRNA M. leprae-negative. The expressions of Rab5, Rab7, TACO, Lep-LAM, and PGL-1 were assessed with an immunohistochemistry technique.
  
  
  
  Using Mann-Whitney U analysis, a significant difference in the expression profile of Rab5, Rab7, Lep-LAM, and PGL-1 was found (p<.05), but there was no significant difference of TACO between the two groups (p>.05). Spearman analysis revealed that there was a significant correlation between the score of Rab5, Rab7, Lep-LAM, and PGL-1 and the score of 16S rRNA M. leprae (p<.05).
  
  
  
  In M. leprae infection, Rab5, Rab7, and Lep-LAM play important roles in the failure of phagolysosome process via a membrane trafficking pathway, while PGL-1 plays a role via blocking lysosomal activities. These inventions might be used for the development of an early diagnostic device in the future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Electronic address: citarositasp@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Cita Rosita Sigit
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Prakoeswa
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Ratna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wahyuni
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
authors.lastname: Iswahyudi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Dinar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Adriaty
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Irawan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yusuf
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
authors.lastname: Sutjipto
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Indropo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Agusni
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Shinzo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Izumi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007918:Leprosy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D050296:Microbial Viability; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D009166:Mycobacterium leprae / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology*; D010588:Phagosomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D020696:rab5 GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D000090802:rab7 GTP-Binding Proteins
chemical_list: D006017:Glycolipids; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D000090802:rab7 GTP-Binding Proteins; C000716463:rab7 GTP-binding proteins, human; C072061:coronin proteins; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins; D020696:rab5 GTP-Binding Proteins
keywords: Lep-LAM; PGL-1; Rab5; Rab7; TACO; Viable M. leprae