title: Molecular identification of Anaplasma marginale in two autochthonous South American wild species revealed an identical new genotype and its phylogenetic relationship with those of bovines.
abstract: Anaplasma marginale is a well-known cattle pathogen of tropical and subtropical world regions. Even though, this obligate intracellular bacterium has been reported in other host species different than bovine, it has never been documented in Myrmecophaga tridactyla (giant anteater) or Hippocamelus antisense (taruca), which are two native endangered species.
  
  
  
  Samples from two sick wild animals: a Myrmecophaga tridactyla (blood) and a Hippocamelus antisense (blood and serum) were studied for the presence of A. marginale DNA through msp5 gene fragment amplification. Further characterization was done through MSP1a tandem repeats analysis and MLST scheme and the genetic relationship among previously characterized A. marginale sequences were studied by applying, eBURST algorithm and AMOVA analysis.
  
  
  
  Anaplasma marginale DNA was identified in the Myrmecophaga tridactyla and Hippocamelus antisense samples. Through molecular markers, we identified an identical genotype in both animals that was not previously reported in bovine host. The analysis through eBURST and AMOVA revealed no differentiation between the taruca/anteater isolate and the bovine group.
  
  
  
  In the present publication we report the identification of A. marginale DNA in a novel ruminant (Hippocamelus antisense) and non-ruminant (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) host species. Genotyping analysis of isolates demonstrated the close relatedness of the new isolate with the circulation population of A. marginale in livestock. Further analysis is needed to understand whether these two hosts contribute to the anaplasmosis epidemiology.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biotecnologia, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina. guillemi.eliana@cnia.inta.gob.ar.
authors.forename: Eliana C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Guillemi
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biotecnologia, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Sofía
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de la Fourniere
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Universidad de Buenos Aires - Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Orozco
authors.affiliation: The Conservation Land Trust, Corrientes, Argentina.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peña Martinez
authors.affiliation: Reserva Experimental Horco Molle, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Correa
authors.affiliation: Reserva Experimental Horco Molle, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biotecnologia, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Ludmila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lopez Arias
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biotecnologia, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paoletta
authors.affiliation: National Center for Animal and Plant Health, Apartado 10, postal address 32700, San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba.
authors.forename: Belkis
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Corona
authors.affiliation: CIRAD UMR 15/UMR CIRAD-INRA 1309 "contrôle des maladies animales exotiques et émergentes", Domaine Duclos, Prise d'eau, 97170, Petit Bourg, Guadeloupe.
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pinarello
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biotecnologia, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Silvina E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Wilkowsky
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biotecnologia, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Marisa D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Farber
mesh_terms: D042322:Anaplasma marginale / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000712:Anaplasmosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D000818:Animals; D001188:Artiodactyla / Q000382:microbiology*; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D058507:Host Specificity; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing / Q000662:veterinary; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000662:veterinary; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences / Q000235:genetics; D004490:Xenarthra / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; C449089:major surface protein 1a, Anaplasma; C111578:major surface protein 5, Anaplasma
keywords: Anaplasma marginale; Giant anteater; Taruca; Wild species