title: The Protective Effect of Grape-Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract on Oxidative Damage Induced by Zearalenone in Kunming Mice Liver.
abstract: Although grape-seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) demonstrates strong anti-oxidant activity, little research has been done to clearly reveal the protective effects on the hepatotoxicity caused by zearalenone (ZEN). This study is to explore the protective effect of GSPE on ZEN-induced oxidative damage of liver in Kunming mice and the possible protective molecular mechanism of GSPE. The results indicated that GSPE could greatly reduce the ZEN-induced increase of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities. GSPE also significantly decreased the content of MDA but enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD and GSH-Px. The analysis indicated that ZEN decreased both mRNA expression levels and protein expression levels of nuclear erythroid2-related factor2 (Nrf2). Nrf2 is considered to be an essential antioxidative transcription factor, as downstream GSH-Px, γ-glutamyl cysteine synthetase (γ-GCS), hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1), and quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) decreased simultaneously, whereas the pre-administration of GSPE groups was shown to elevate these expressions. The results indicated that GSPE exerted a protective effect on ZEN-induced hepatic injury and the mechanism might be related to the activation of the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science &amp; Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China. longjlau@126.com.
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science &amp; Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China. yangshuhua0001@126.com.
authors.forename: Shu-Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science &amp; Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China. myworld_a4@126.com.
authors.forename: Jian-Xin
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science &amp; Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China. lipeng79625@163.com.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science &amp; Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China. sihuo12345@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science &amp; Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China. DongS_FOCUS@163.com.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science &amp; Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China. xinliang@syau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xinliang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science &amp; Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China. guoniuniu163@163.com.
authors.forename: Jiayi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China. junwang2004@126.com.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science &amp; Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China. hejianbin69@163.com.
authors.forename: Jian-Bin
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D056604:Grape Seed Extract / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D015025:Zearalenone / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D056604:Grape Seed Extract; C511402:Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; C495636:Nfe2l2 protein, mouse; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D015025:Zearalenone; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase
keywords: Nrf2/ARE pathway; grape seed proanthocyanidin extract; liver; mice; oxidative damage; zearalenone