title: Harnessing the immune system in acute myeloid leukaemia.
abstract: Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is an aggressive blood cancer caused by the proliferation of immature myeloid cells. The genetic abnormalities underlying AML affect signal transduction pathways, transcription factors and epigenetic modifiers. In solid tumours, it is emerging that the genetic landscape of the tumour has a direct effect on the anti-tumour immune responses and response to immunotherapeutic treatment. However, there remains little information as to whether genetic abnormalities affect anti-leukemic immune responses. This review discusses current knowledge of AML antigens and immune responses to AML with a particular focus on the role of T cells and natural killer cells. Understanding immune responses to AML has implications for the development and use of immunotherapies to treat AML patients with distinct genetic abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Austin
authors.affiliation: QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Australia. Electronic address: mark.smyth@qimrberghofer.edu.au.
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Smyth
authors.affiliation: QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Australia; RBWH Cancer Care, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Australia. Electronic address: Steven.lane@qimrberghofer.edu.au.
authors.forename: Steven W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lane
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D016207:Cytokines
keywords: Acute myeloid leukaemia; Cancer immunosurveillance; Immune checkpoints; Immune suppression; Immunoediting; Immunotherapy; Neo-antigens