title: TREM-1low is a novel characteristic for tumor-associated macrophages in lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the expression feature and biological functions of TREM-1 on tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in lung cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of TREM-1 on tissue-infiltrating monocytes/macrophage from tumor nest were significantly lower than those from nonturmor tissue or peripheral blood samples. Clinical analysis indicated that the levels of TREM-1-related TAMs were significantly decreased during cancer stages progression. The tumor-bearing mouse model further confirmed that the expression of TREM-1 on TAMs was significantly decreased with tumor growth. In addition, we found the activation of TREM-1 could significantly enhance the secretion of IL-1β by TAM in vitro. Furthermore, T-bet but not Eomes was found to be the key transcription factor for the TREM-1 expression on monocytes/macrophage.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 40 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were enrolled in this study. The expression characteristics of TREM-1 in blood and tissue-infiltrating monocytes/macrophage were examined by flow cytometry analysis. After the treatment of TREM-1 antibody, which is an agonist of TREM-1, cytokines secreted by TAM were then analyzed. In LLC-tumor bearing mouse model, we further investigated the dynamic expression feature of TREM-1 on macrophage with tumor growth. Moreover, we explored the transcription factor for regulating TREM-1 expression on monocyes/macrophage with wildtype, T-bet Ko or Eomes Ko mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The levels of TREM-1 were remarkably decreased during tumor progression. The low expression level of TREM-1 might be a characteristic for TAMs in lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Immunology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, China.
authors.forename: Guangbo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Special Procurement Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, China.
authors.forename: Hongmei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Special Procurement Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, China.
authors.forename: Siwen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Special Procurement Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, China.
authors.forename: Xudong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, China.
authors.forename: Haitao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Clinical Immunology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, China.|Department of Special Procurement Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215007, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology; D010641:Phenotype; D000073871:Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; C587672:IL1B protein, mouse; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; C408842:TREM1 protein, human; C517262:TREM1 protein, mouse; D000073871:Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1
keywords: TREM-1; lung cancer; tumor microenvironment; tumor-associated macrophages