title: Energy-Efficient Collaborative Outdoor Localization for Participatory Sensing.
abstract: Location information is a key element of participatory sensing. Many mobile and sensing applications require location information to provide better recommendations, object search and trip planning. However, continuous GPS positioning consumes much energy, which may drain the battery of mobile devices quickly. Although WiFi and cell tower positioning are alternatives, they provide lower accuracy compared to GPS. This paper solves the above problem by proposing a novel localization scheme through the collaboration of multiple mobile devices to reduce energy consumption and provide accurate positioning. Under our scheme, the mobile devices are divided into three groups, namely the broadcaster group, the location information receiver group and the normal participant group. Only the broadcaster group and the normal participant group use their GPS. The location information receiver group, on the other hand, makes use of the locations broadcast by the broadcaster group to estimate their locations. We formulate the broadcaster set selection problem and propose two novel algorithms to minimize the energy consumption in collaborative localization. Simulations with real traces show that our proposed solution can save up to 68% of the energy of all of the participants and provide more accurate locations than WiFi and cellular network positioning.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Haidian District, XiTuCheng Road 10#, Beijing 100876, China. wdwang@bupt.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wendong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Haidian District, XiTuCheng Road 10#, Beijing 100876, China. xiteng@bupt.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Teng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 05, Sweden. edith.ngai@it.uu.se.
authors.forename: Edith C-H
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Ngai
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA. sonyyt@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Song
keywords: collaborative localization; device to device localization; energy efficiency; participatory sensing