title: Functional Improvement in Rats' Pancreatic Islets Using Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles Through Antiapoptotic and Antioxidant Pathways.
abstract: According to undiscovered toxicity and safety of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) in isolated pancreatic islet cells, this study was designed to examine the effects of its various concentrations on a time-course basis on the oxidative stress, viability, and function of isolated islets of rat's pancreas. Pancreatic islets were isolated and exposed to different MgO NP (<100 nm) concentrations within three different time points. After that, oxidative stress biomarkers were investigated and the best exposure time was selected. Then, safety of MgO NPs was investigated by flow cytometry and fluorescent staining, and levels of insulin secretion and caspase activity were measured. The results illustrated a considerable decrease in oxidative stress markers such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels of pancreatic islets which were treated by MgO NPs for 24 h. Also, in that time of exposure, cell apoptosis investigation by flow cytometry and insulin test showed that MgO NPs, in a concentration of 100 μg/ml, decreased the rate of apoptotic cells via inhibiting caspase-9 activity and made a significant increase in the level of insulin secretion. Data of function and apoptosis biomarkers correlated with each other. It is concluded that the use of MgO NPs in concentration of as low as 100 μg/ml can induce antiapoptotic, antioxidative, and antidiabetic effects in rat pancreatic islets, which support its possible benefit in islet transplantation procedures.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Shermineh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moeini-Nodeh
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahban
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rahimifard
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baeeri
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad@TUMS.Ac.Ir.|Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad@TUMS.Ac.Ir.|Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Clinical Endocrine Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad@TUMS.Ac.Ir.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdollahi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008277:Magnesium Oxide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D008277:Magnesium Oxide
keywords: Isolated rat pancreatic islets; Magnesium oxide nanoparticles; Oxidative stress; Toxicology