title: Soluble HLA-G concentrations in maternal blood and cervical vaginal fluid of pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes.
abstract: To evaluate soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) concentrations in maternal blood serum and cervical vaginal fluid in pregnancies complicated by preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) compared to controls.
  
  
  
  Case-control study of 24 women with PPROM and 40 controls.
  
  
  
  Vaginal and serum sHLA-G and IL-6 concentrations.
  
  
  
  Women with PPROM had significantly higher serum and vaginal sHLA-G concentrations compared to controls (respectively median 31.48U\ml versus 13.9U\ml p<0.001 and 1.7U\ml versus 0.1U\ml p<0.001). Vaginal expression of IL-6 was higher in PPROM cases compared to controls (respectively, median 31.19pg\ml versus 6.67pg\ml; p<0.001). Higher serum and vaginal sHLA-G were associated with both a shorter length of pregnancy and histological chorioamnionitis in the PPROM group.
  
  
  
  Higher vaginal and serum sHLA-G in PPROM cases may be a sign of local and systemic inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Fausta
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Beneventi
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. Electronic address: elena.loc@libero.it.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Locatelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Pavia, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Mara
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Amici
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Margherita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Simonetta
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cavagnoli
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bellingeri
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scancarello
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: AntonioMaria
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ierullo
authors.affiliation: Immunogenetics Laboratory, Immunohematology and Transfusion Center, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Miryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martinetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Arsenio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spinillo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005322:Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes / Q000276:immunology*; D005865:Gestational Age; D059951:HLA-G Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy; D014621:Vagina / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D059951:HLA-G Antigens; D015850:Interleukin-6
keywords: IL-6; Preterm premature rupture of membranes; Vaginal and serum sHLA-G