title: Light as a key driver of freshwater biofouling surface roughness in an experimental hydrocanal pipe rig.
abstract: Biofouling in canals and pipelines used for hydroelectric power generation decreases the flow capacity of conduits. A pipeline rig was designed consisting of test sections of varying substrata (PVC, painted steel) and light levels (transparent, frosted, opaque). Stalk-forming diatoms were abundant in both the frosted and transparent PVC pipes but negligible in the painted steel and opaque PVC pipes. Fungi were slightly more abundant in the painted steel pipe but equally present in all the other pipes while bacterial diversity was similar in all pipes. Photosynthetically functional biofouling (mainly diatoms) was able to develop in near darkness. Different biological fouling compositions generated differing friction factors. The highest friction factor was observed in the transparent pipe (densest diatom fouling), the lowest peak friction for the opaque PVC pipe (lowest fouling biomass), and with the painted steel pipe (high fouling biomass, but composed of fungal and bacterial crusts) being intermediate between the opaque and frosted PVC pipes.
authors.affiliation: a Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies , University of Tasmania , Tasmania , Australia.
authors.forename: Matilde
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ravizza
authors.affiliation: b School of Engineering and ICT , University of Tasmania , Tasmania , Australia.
authors.forename: Dean
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Giosio
authors.affiliation: b School of Engineering and ICT , University of Tasmania , Tasmania , Australia.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.affiliation: c School of Biological Sciences , University of Tasmania , Tasmania , Australia.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hovenden
authors.affiliation: b School of Engineering and ICT , University of Tasmania , Tasmania , Australia.|d HydroTasmania , Tasmania , Australia.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hudson
authors.affiliation: e Centre for Policy Research and International Studies , Universiti Sains Malaysia , Penang , Malaysia.
authors.forename: Sazlina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salleh
authors.affiliation: b School of Engineering and ICT , University of Tasmania , Tasmania , Australia.|f JSA Consulting Engineers , Tasmania , Australia.
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sargison
authors.affiliation: g Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences , University of Adelaide , Adelaide , Australia.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.affiliation: b School of Engineering and ICT , University of Tasmania , Tasmania , Australia.|h Australian Maritime College , University of Tasmania , Tasmania , Australia.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.affiliation: a Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies , University of Tasmania , Tasmania , Australia.
authors.forename: Gustaaf
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hallegraeff
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D057219:Biofouling; D018533:Biomass; D003252:Construction Materials / Q000032:analysis / Q000528:radiation effects; D017377:Diatoms / Q000254:growth & development*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D008027:Light; D010150:Paint; D013499:Surface Properties
keywords: Diatoms; freshwater fouling; microfouling; pipeline rig