title: Enterocutaneous Fistula: Proven Strategies and Updates.
abstract: Management of enterocutaneous fistula represents one of the most protracted and difficult problems in colorectal surgery with substantial morbidity and mortality rates. This article summarizes the current classification systems and successful management protocols, provides an in-depth review of fluid resuscitation, sepsis control, nutrition management, medication management of output quantity, wound care, nonoperative intervention measures, operative timeline, and considerations, and discusses special considerations such as inflammatory bowel disease and enteroatmospheric fistula.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gribovskaja-Rupp
authors.affiliation: Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Genevieve B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Melton
keywords: enteroatmospheric fistula; enterocutaneous fistula; mortality; spontaneous closure; timeline