title: [Portuguese Consensus on the Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment of Anaemia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anaemia can be considered the most common extra-intestinal manifestation in inflammatory bowel disease. Nevertheless, anaemia is often under-diagnosed and under-treated both in adults and children with inflammatory bowel disease. Herein, we report the consensus statements on the management of anaemia in inflammatory bowel disease developed by the Portuguese Working Group on Inflammatory Bowel Disease (known as Grupo de Estudo da Doença Inflamatória Intestinal - GEDII) to aid clinicians in daily management of inflammatory bowel disease patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comprehensive literature review was conducted in order to prepare consensus statements on the following topics: (1) prevalence and diagnosis of anaemia in inflammatory bowel disease, (2) iron supplementation for the prevention of anaemia in inflammatory bowel disease and (3) treatment of anaemia in inflammatory bowel disease. The final statements for each topic were discussed at a consensus meeting and rated according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011 Levels of Evidence.
  
  
  METHODS
  It was concluded that anaemia has a high incidence and prevalence in inflammatory bowel disease, particularly in those with active disease and hospitalised. Patients with anaemia had decreased quality of life and frequently complained of fatigue. Absolute indications for intravenous therapy should be considered: (1) moderate to severe anaemia (haemoglobin < 10.5 g/dL) or clearly symptomatic anaemia; (2) previous intolerance to oral iron supplements; (3) inappropriate response to oral iron; (4) active severe intestinal disease; (5) need for a quick therapeutic response (e.g. surgery in the short term); (6) concomitant therapy with erythropoiesis-stimulating agent; and (7) patient's preference.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Estudo da Doença Inflamatória Intestinal. Lisboa. Departamento de Farmacologia e Terapêutica. Faculdade de Medicina. Universidade do Porto. Porto. Serviço de Gastrenterologia. Centro Hospitalar de São João. Porto.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Magro
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Estudo da Doença Inflamatória Intestinal. Lisboa. Serviço de Gastrenterologia. Hospital de Santo António dos Capuchos. Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central. Lisboa.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Estudo da Doença Inflamatória Intestinal. Lisboa. Serviço de Gastrenterologia. Hospital de Santa Maria. Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte. Lisboa.
authors.forename: Luís
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Correia
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Estudo da Doença Inflamatória Intestinal. Lisboa. Serviço de Gastrenterologia. Hospital de Santo António. Centro Hospitalar do Porto. Porto.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lago
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Estudo da Doença Inflamatória Intestinal. Lisboa. Serviço de Gastrenterologia. Hospital Egas Moniz. Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental. Lisboa.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Peixe
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Estudo da Doença Inflamatória Intestinal. Lisboa. Serviço de Gastrenterologia. Hospital de Santa Maria. Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte. Lisboa.
authors.forename: Ana Rita
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Estudo da Doença Inflamatória Intestinal. Lisboa. Serviço de Gastrenterologia. Hospital de Santo António. Centro Hospitalar do Porto. Porto.
authors.forename: Ãngela
authors.initials: Ã
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Estudo da Doença Inflamatória Intestinal. Lisboa. Serviço de Gastrenterologia. Hospital de Santa Maria. Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte. Lisboa.
authors.forename: Catarina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Estudo da Doença Inflamatória Intestinal. Lisboa. Serviço de Gastrenterologia. Hospital de Santo António. Centro Hospitalar do Porto. Porto.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Estudo da Doença Inflamatória Intestinal. Lisboa. Serviço de Gastrenterologia. Instituto Português de Oncologia de Francisco Gentil de Lisboa. Lisboa.
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pereira Silva
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Estudo da Doença Inflamatória Intestinal. Lisboa. Serviço de Gastrenterologia. Hospital Egas Moniz. Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental. Lisboa.
authors.forename: Maria Ana
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Túlio
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Estudo da Doença Inflamatória Intestinal. Lisboa. Serviço de Gastrenterologia. Hospital de Santo António. Centro Hospitalar do Porto. Porto.
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Salgueiro
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Estudo da Doença Inflamatória Intestinal. Lisboa. Serviço de Gastrenterologia. Hospital de Santa Maria. Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte. Lisboa.
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fernandes
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000150:complications*