title: Reference values and associated factors for Japanese newborns' blood pressure and pulse rate: the babies' and their parents' longitudinal observation in Suzuki Memorial Hospital on intrauterine period (BOSHI) study.
abstract: Currently, normative means and ranges of blood pressure (BP) and pulse rates in Japanese newborns are not available. The objective of the present study was to estimate BP, pulse rate, and their distribution among Japanese newborns.
  
  
  
  Using oscillometric devices, arm or calf BP and pulse rate levels were obtained from 3148 infants born between 2007 and 2014, consecutively at Suzuki Memorial Hospital, Iwanuma, Japan. Of those, data from 2628 full-term, singleton newborns with BP measured on day 3 after birth were analyzed.
  
  
  
  Arm SBP/DBP and pulse rate in the reference group (n = 2628) were 70.5 ± 7.4/44.3 ± 6.7 mmHg and 117.3 ± 16.6 bpm, respectively. The 5-95th percentiles were 58-83 mmHg for SBP, 35-57 mmHg for DBP, and 91-145 bpm for pulse rate. Similar values were obtained from calf measurements. In multiple regression analysis, birth weight and spontaneous cephalic delivery were positively and light/deep sleep was inversely associated with higher arm SBP/DBP (P ≤ 0.04), whereas sex, Apgar score, gestational age, and mother's age did not significantly affect BP levels (P ≥ 0.06). Male sex, gestational age, spontaneous cephalic delivery, and light/deep sleep were inversely associated with higher pulse rate (P ≤ 0.02).
  
  
  
  The present study is the first to show the distributions of Asian newborns' BP levels and pulse rate. The assessment of newborns' BP levels and pulse rate should consider birth weight, gestational age after birth, and actual condition at BP measurement.
authors.affiliation: aDivision of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University bMedical Informatics Center, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai cSuzuki Memorial Hospital, Iwanuma dDepartment of Planning for Drug Development and Clinical Evaluation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences eDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai fDepartment of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo gDivision of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry hDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan *M. Suzuki is deceased.
authors.forename: Michihiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Ryusuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Hideko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tada
authors.forename: Miki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hosaka
authors.forename: Hirohito
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Metoki
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asayama
authors.forename: Takahisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Nariyasu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mano
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohkubo
authors.forename: Katsuyo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yagihashi
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hoshi
authors.forename: Masakuni
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Imai
mesh_terms: D001034:Apgar Score; D001724:Birth Weight; D001794:Blood Pressure; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006339:Heart Rate; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007564:Japan; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008423:Maternal Age; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology; D047929:Term Birth / Q000502:physiology