title: Scientific evidence on the use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in oral and maxillofacial surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to identify the main indications for the use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) for bone repair and maintenance in the maxilla and mandible through a review of clinical trials evaluating the viability of using rhBMP-2 to delay the installation of dental implants, thus allowing satisfactory bone formation and long-term osseointegration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature search of the PubMed/Medline databases was performed using the following MeSH index terms-"bone morphogenetic protein 2" and "dentistry". Only clinical trials necessarily published in English, related to dentistry, and focused on bone reconstruction in critical defects, post-extraction alveoli, increasing the atrophic alveolar ridge, or surgery for maxillary sinus elevation were included, regardless of the age, sex, ethnicity, associated morbidities, or period of publication.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 17 studies identified based on the search filters, 2 were excluded. Therefore, 15 studies were finally included in this review.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the results of our review, we concluded that the use of rhBMP-2 for the preservation of the alveolar ridge after tooth extraction or for increasing the local defects is safe and viable. The use of rhBMP-2/Bio-Oss® for the elevation of the maxillary sinus membrane is unnecessary; however, it can improve and accelerate the maturation process in cases of guided bone regeneration in peri-implant defects. Compounds comprising rhBMP-2, allogenic bone, and plasma-rich platelet (PRP) can act as autograft substitutes in mandibular critical defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Araçatuba Dental School, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro Henrique Silva
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Gomes-Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba Dental School, Productivity scholarship (CNPQ), Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Araçatuba Dental School, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba Dental School, Productivity scholarship (CNPQ), Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danila
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Araçatuba Dental School, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil. gustavomomesso@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Gustavo Antonio Correa
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Momesso
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Araçatuba Dental School, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leonardo Perez
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Faverani
mesh_terms: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000187:drug effects; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013515:Surgery, Oral / Q000379:methods*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C499469:recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2
keywords: Atrophy; Biocompatible materials; Bone morphogenetic protein 2; Bone regeneration