title: Feast and famine: Adipose tissue adaptations for healthy aging.
abstract: Proper adipose tissue function controls energy balance with favourable effects on metabolic health and longevity. The molecular and metabolic asset of adipose tissue quickly and dynamically readapts in response to nutrient fluctuations. Once delivered into cells, nutrients are managed by mitochondria that represent a key bioenergetics node. A persistent nutrient overload generates mitochondrial exhaustion and uncontrolled reactive oxygen species ((mt)ROS) production. In adipocytes, metabolic/molecular reorganization is triggered culminating in the acquirement of a hypertrophic and hypersecretory phenotype that accelerates aging. Conversely, dietary regimens such as caloric restriction or time-controlled fasting endorse mitochondrial functionality and (mt)ROS-mediated signalling, thus promoting geroprotection. In this perspective view, we argued some important molecular and metabolic aspects related to adipocyte response to nutrient stress. Finally we delineated hypothetical routes by which molecularly and metabolically readapted adipose tissue promotes healthy aging.
authors.affiliation: Dept. Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: d.lettieribarbato@hotmail.it.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lettieri Barbato
authors.affiliation: Dept. Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: katia.aquilano@uniroma2.it.
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aquilano
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D008136:Longevity / Q000502:physiology*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013217:Starvation / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: FoxO1; Lipid metabolism; Longevity; Mitochondria; Nutrient