title: PUMA and survivin are involved in the apoptosis of HepG2 cells induced by microcystin-LR via mitochondria-mediated pathway.
abstract: The present study aimed to determine the cytotoxicity of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) on the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells in order to elucidate the mechanism of apoptosis induced by MC-LR. Morphological evaluation results showed that MC-LR induced time- and concentration-dependent apoptosis in HepG2 cells. The biochemical assays revealed that MC-LR-exposure caused overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cyclooxygenase-2 activity alteration, cytochrome c release, and remarkable activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 in HepG2 cells, indicating that MC-LR-induced apoptosis is mediated by mitochondrial pathway. Moreover, we also found that p53 and Bax might play an important role in MC-LR-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells in which PUMA and survivin were involved. However, further studies are necessary to elucidate the possible functions of PUMA and survivin in MC-LR-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
authors.forename: Junguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
authors.forename: Yiyi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China. Electronic address: lixiaoyu65@263.net.
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006505:Hepatitis / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins / Q000633:toxicity*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018570:Risk Assessment; D000077022:Survivin
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C438378:BBC3 protein, human; C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; D003603:Cytotoxins; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D000077022:Survivin; C057862:cyanoginosin LR
keywords: Apoptosis; HepG2; Microcystin-LR; Mitochondria-mediated pathway; PUMA; Survivin