title: Effectiveness and tolerability of liraglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity after bariatric surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Current guidelines do not offer detailed recommendations on antidiabetic drug therapy in type 2 diabetes (T2D) after bariatric surgery (BS), and reported experience is scarce.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of liraglutide at 2 years in patients with morbid obesity after undergoing BS and subsequent relapse, persistence, or new diagnosis of T2D, comparing the results with a cohort of nonsurgical diabetic patients also treated with liraglutide.
  
  
  METHODS
  Obesity clinic at a University Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective study of 2 cohorts of patients (with and without previous BS) with T2D and obesity who had started treatment with liraglutide at least 2 years before their inclusion in the study. The main outcome measures were the differences in glycated hemoglobin (A1C) and weight at 104 weeks between both groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 164 patients were included, 15 with previous BS and 149 without BS. Mean baseline parameters were A1C 6.6% and body mass index 40.3 kg/m2for the BS group, and A1C 7.5% and body mass index 39.7 kg/m2for the non-BS group. At 2 years, A1C and weight were significantly decreased in both groups (BS group: ΔA1C -0.39%, Δweight -3.4 kg; non-BS group: ΔA1C -0.67%, Δweight -3.8 kg; all results P<.05), with no significant differences in A1C and weight reduction between both groups. There was a significant lower frequency of withdrawals due to all causes and a nonsignificant lower rate of vomiting and hypoglycemia in patients with BS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Liraglutide achieved a significant reduction in weight and A1C at 2 years in patients with T2D previously treated with BS, showing good gastrointestinal tolerance.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: jjgorgojo@fhalcorcon.es.
authors.forename: Juan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gorgojo-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Gara
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Feo-Ortega
authors.affiliation: Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Serrano-Moreno
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D050110:Bariatric Surgery / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D057915:Drug Substitution; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000069450:Liraglutide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000069450:Liraglutide
keywords: Bariatric surgery; GLP-1 receptor agonists; Liraglutide; Type 2 diabetes