title: Cognitive function and risperidone long-acting injection vs. paliperidone palmitate in schizophrenia: a 6-month, open-label, randomized, pilot trial.
abstract: Recently, long-acting injection (LAI) of second-generation antipsychotics has become a valuable strategy for the treatment of schizophrenia. However, few studies have compared the effects of different LAI antipsychotics on cognitive functions so far. The present study aimed to compare the influence of risperidone LAIs (RLAI) and paliperidone palmitate LAIs (PP) on cognitive function in outpatients with schizophrenia.
  
  
  
  In this 6-month, open-label, randomized, and controlled study, 30 patients with schizophrenia who were treated with RLAIs were randomly allocated to the RLAI-continued group or the PP group. At baseline and 6 months, the patients were evaluated using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) that was the primary outcome of the study. The Subjective Well-being under Neuroleptic drug treatment-Short form (SWNS), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and the Drug-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms Scale (DIEPSS) scores were secondary outcome variables and they were tested at the same time points.
  
  
  
  The two groups did not differ in terms of PANSS, DIEPSS, or SWNS total score changes. However, the BACS score for the attention and processing speed item showed higher improvement in the PP group than the RLAI group (p = 0.039).
  
  
  
  The results of this preliminary study suggest that PPs may improve attention and processing speed more than RLAIs. Anyway, a replication in a larger and double-blind study is needed.
  
  
  
  UMIN000014470 . Registered 10 July 2014.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Carlo Pepoli 5, Bologna, 40123, Italy. takekity@takii.kmu.ac.jp.|Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kansai Medical University, 10-15 fumizono-cho, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka, 570-8507, Japan. takekity@takii.kmu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshiteru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takekita
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kansai Medical University, 10-15 fumizono-cho, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka, 570-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koshikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Carlo Pepoli 5, Bologna, 40123, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fabbri
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kansai Medical University, 10-15 fumizono-cho, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka, 570-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Shiho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kansai Medical University, 10-15 fumizono-cho, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka, 570-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Naotaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sunada
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kansai Medical University, 10-15 fumizono-cho, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka, 570-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Ai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Onohara
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kansai Medical University, 10-15 fumizono-cho, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka, 570-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kansai Medical University, 10-15 fumizono-cho, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka, 570-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kansai Medical University, 10-15 fumizono-cho, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka, 570-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Carlo Pepoli 5, Bologna, 40123, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Serretti
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kansai Medical University, 10-15 fumizono-cho, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka, 570-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003071:Cognition; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007555:Isoxazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000068882:Paliperidone Palmitate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D018967:Risperidone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D007555:Isoxazoles; D018967:Risperidone; D000068882:Paliperidone Palmitate
keywords: Cognitive function; Efficacy; Paliperidone palmitate; Risperidone long-acting injection; Schizophrenia; Subjective well-being