title: [Mechanisms of signaling associated with reactive nitrogen and oxygen in apoptosis].
abstract: The knowledge of apoptotic mechanisms is essential in many biologic aspects related to both normal and neoplastic cells. Cell death by apoptosis is a very desirable way to eliminate unwanted cells: prevents release of the cellular content, which, in contrast to necrosis, provides no activation of inflammatory reactions. Apoptosis is a multistep process in where an extremely important role is played by caspases. Functions of caspases and their modifications are fundamental to understanding the signaling pathways responsible for regulation of apoptosis. These enzymes belong to a family of cysteine proteases that have the potential to destroy the enzymatic and structural proteins, and in the final stages of apoptosis, to lead to the disintegration of the cell. Apoptosis can be modulated by certain signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Piłat
authors.affiliation: University of Chicago, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Knapp Center for Biological Discovery (KCBD), Chicago, United States.
authors.forename: Mateusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ługowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saczko
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Choromańska
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chwiłkowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Banaś
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Julita
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kulbacka
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: apoptosis; reactive nitric species; reactive oxygen species; signaling pathway