title: Cannabinoid receptor type-1: breaking the dogmas.
abstract: The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is abundantly expressed in the brain. This system regulates a plethora of physiological functions and is composed of cannabinoid receptors, their endogenous ligands (endocannabinoids), and the enzymes involved in the metabolism of endocannabinoids. In this review, we highlight the new advances in cannabinoid signaling, focusing on a key component of the ECS, the type-1 cannabinoid receptor (CB 1). In recent years, the development of new imaging and molecular tools has demonstrated that this receptor can be distributed in many cell types (e.g., neuronal or glial cells) and intracellular compartments (e.g., mitochondria). Interestingly, cellular and molecular effects are differentially mediated by CB 1 receptors according to their specific localization (e.g., glutamatergic or GABAergic neurons). Moreover, this receptor is expressed in the periphery, where it can modulate periphery-brain connections. Finally, the better understanding of the CB 1 receptor structure led researchers to propose interesting and new allosteric modulators. Thus, the advances and the new directions of the CB 1 receptor field will provide new insights and better approaches to profit from its interesting therapeutic profile.
authors.affiliation: Endocannabinoids and Neuroadaptation, INSERM U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, Bordeaux, 33077, France; University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Arnau
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Busquets Garcia
authors.affiliation: Endocannabinoids and Neuroadaptation, INSERM U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, Bordeaux, 33077, France; University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Soria-Gomez
authors.affiliation: Endocannabinoids and Neuroadaptation, INSERM U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, Bordeaux, 33077, France; University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bellocchio
authors.affiliation: Endocannabinoids and Neuroadaptation, INSERM U1215 NeuroCentre Magendie, Bordeaux, 33077, France; University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marsicano
keywords: CB1 receptor signaling; Endocannabinoid system; allosteric modulator; cannabinoid ligands; molecular pharmacology