title: Efficacy of Combined Plasmapheresis and Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy in Kidney Transplant Patients With Chronic Antibody-mediated Rejection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antibody-mediated rejections (AMRs) are critical clinical issues encountered in short- and long-term follow-up of kidney transplant patients. Whereas plasmapheresis is a mainstay treatment option in acute AMR cases, there is a paucity of data regarding its efficacy in management of chronic AMR. This report describes our experience addressing this issue.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively investigated the data of 7 kidney transplant patients diagnosed with chronic AMR who were on 5 sessions of plasmapheresis (1 to 2 volume exchanges with fresh frozen plasma) on alternate days and 200 mg/kg of intravenous immunoglobulin after each session of plasmapheresis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 6 months after the initiation of treatment, 6 patients experienced partially improved kidney function. One patient had no response and her kidney function progressively deteriorated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our preliminary results are encouraging for the combination of plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin as an adjunctive therapy for kidney transplant patients suffering from chronic AMR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. ebrugokoguz@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Ebru
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gok Oguz
authors.forename: Gulay
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ulusal Okyay
authors.forename: Hadim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akoglu
authors.forename: Ozgur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Merhametsiz
authors.forename: Tolga
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yildirim
authors.forename: Basol
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Canbakan
authors.forename: Mehmet Deniz
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Ayli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000276:immunology; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D010956:Plasmapheresis / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D003404:Creatinine