title: Expression and oxidative modifications of plasma proteins in autism spectrum disorders: Interplay between inflammatory response and lipid peroxidation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A role for inflammation and oxidative stress is reported in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Here, we tested possible changes in expression and/or oxidative status for plasma proteins in subjects with ASDs.
  
  
  METHODS
  To evaluate protein expression and protein adducts of lipid peroxidation-derived aldehyde, analysis of plasma proteins was performed in 30 subjects with ASDs and compared with 30 healthy controls with typical development, using a proteomic approach.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant changes were evidenced for a total of 12 proteins. Of these, ten were identified as proteins involved in the acute inflammatory response including alpha-2-macroglobulin, alpha-1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, fibrinogen, serum transferrin, prealbumin, apolipoprotein A-I apolipoprotein A-IV, apolipoprotein J, and serum albumin. In addition, significant changes occurred for two immunoglobulins alpha and gamma chains.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our present data indicate that an inflammatory response, coupled with increased lipid peroxidation, is present in subjects with ASDs. This information can provide new insight into the identification of potential plasma protein biomarkers in autism.
authors.affiliation: Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese (AOUS), Siena, Italy.|Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cortelazzo
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, AOUS, Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De Felice
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guerranti
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Signorini
authors.affiliation: Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese (AOUS), Siena, Italy.|Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leoncini
authors.affiliation: Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese (AOUS), Siena, Italy.|Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zollo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leoncini
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Timperio
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
authors.forename: Lello
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zolla
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ciccoli
authors.affiliation: Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese (AOUS), Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Joussef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hayek
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000293:Adolescent; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000737:chemistry; D000067877:Autism Spectrum Disorder / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D001772:Blood Cell Count; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D040901:Proteomics; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D000447:Aldehydes; D001798:Blood Proteins; D007136:Immunoglobulins
keywords: 4-Hydroxynonenal protein adducts; Acute-phase response proteins; Autism spectrum disorders