title: Directionality of Person-Situation Transactions: Are There Spillovers Among and Between Situation Experiences And Personality States?
abstract: To elucidate temporal sequences among and between person and situation variables, this work examines cross-measurement spillovers between situation experiences S (on the Situational Eight DIAMONDS characteristics [Duty, Intellect, Adversity, Mating, pOsitivity, Negativity, Deception, Sociality]) and personality states P (on the Big Six HEXACO dimensions [Honesty/Humility, Emotionality, eXtraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Openness to Experience]) in experience sampling data. Multi-level modeling of lagged data at tn -1 and non-lagged data at tn grants the opportunity to examine (a) the stability (P → P, S → S), (b) cross-sectional associations (S ↔ P), and (c) cross-lagged associations among and between situation experiences and personality states (S → P, P → S). Findings indicated that there were (a) moderate stability paths, (b) small to moderate cross-sectional paths, and (c) only very small cross-lagged paths (though the different situation characteristics and personality states showed differential tendencies toward no directionality, S → P or P → S unidirectionality, or bidirectionality). Findings are discussed in light of refining studies on dynamic person-situation transactions.
authors.affiliation: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany jfrauthmann@gmail.com.
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Rauthmann
authors.affiliation: Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA.
authors.forename: Ashley Bell
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA.
authors.forename: Ryne A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Sherman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D010551:Personality; D012919:Social Behavior; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Big Six HEXACO; Situational Eight DIAMONDS; cross-lagged models; personality state; person–situation transactions; situation characteristic; situation experience; situations