title: Silencing GTSE-1 expression inhibits proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
abstract: G2 and S phase-expressed-1 (GTSE1) was recently reported to upregulate in several types of human cancer, based on negatively regulate p53 expression. However, its expression and functional roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown. In this study, GTSE1 was observed to be highly expressed in HCC specimens and cell lines both at messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels. Furthermore, high GTSE1 expression was positively associated with tumor size, venous invasion, advanced tumor stage, and short overall survival. Moreover, we generated stable GTSE1 knockdown HCC cell lines to explore the effects of GTSE1 silencing on the growth and invasion of HCC in vitro. In determining the pathway through which GTSE1 regulated cell proliferation and invasion, GTSE1 silencing was found to inhibit AKT phosphorylation and downregulated cell cycle-related protein. In addition, GTSE1 downregulation decreased the growth of xenografts. In conclusion, these results indicated for the first time that overexpression of GTSE1 was involved in the progress of HCC, enhancing proliferation and promoting cell invasion in HCC cells.
authors.affiliation: Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.|Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fundan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Shumin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.|Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fundan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.|Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fundan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Wanyong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.|Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fundan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoqiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.|Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fundan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Wentao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.|Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fundan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Chenhao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.|Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fundan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Jubo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. ren.ning@zs-hospital.sh.cn.|Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fundan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China. ren.ning@zs-hospital.sh.cn.|Department of Liver Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. ren.ning@zs-hospital.sh.cn.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. ye.qinghai@zs-hospital.sh.cn.|Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fundan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China. ye.qinghai@zs-hospital.sh.cn.|Department of Liver Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. ye.qinghai@zs-hospital.sh.cn.
authors.forename: Qinghai
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D064593:Heterografts; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: C115080:GTSE1 protein, human; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
keywords: GTSE1; HCC; Invasion; Prognosis; Proliferation