title: Behavior of Osteoblast-Like Cells on a β-Tricalcium Phosphate Synthetic Scaffold Coated With Calcium Phosphate and Magnesium.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) is one of the most useful synthetic scaffolds for bone grafts and has several advantages. However, the rapid degradation of TCP makes it less osteoconductive than the other candidates, and represents a major shortcoming. To overcome this problem, the authors investigated magnesium (Mg) and/or hydroxyapatite (HA) coating on a β-TCP substrate using a sputtering technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  Biocompatibility tests were carried out on β-TCP discs that were either uncoated (TCP), coated with HA by radio frequency magnetron sputtering (HA-TCP), coated with Mg by DC sputtering (Mg-TCP), or multicoated with Mg and HA by DC and radio frequency magnetron sputtering (MgHA-TCP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cells showed similar morphology in all 4 groups, and were widely spread, had flattened elongated shapes, and were connected to adjacent cells by pseudopods. An MTT assay revealed higher cell proliferation on HA-TCP, Mg-TCP, and MgHA-TCP compared with TCP at 3 and 5 days. MgHA-TCP also showed significantly higher alkaline phosphatase activity levels compared with TCP, HA-TCP, and Mg-TCP (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that Mg-coated β-TCP could have great potential as a bone graft material for future applications in hard tissue regeneration.
authors.affiliation: *More Dental Clinic, Suncheon, Jeonnam †Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University ‡Research and Development Center for Ti and Special Alloys, Gwangju Technopark §Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwang Ju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ki-Deog
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Young-Suk
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Kyung-Ku
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hong-Ju
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D017886:Durapatite; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; D017886:Durapatite; C020243:calcium phosphate; D008274:Magnesium