title: Thermodynamic Equilibrium Calculations on Cd Transformation during Sewage Sludge Incineration.
abstract: Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations were performed to reveal the distribution of cadmium during the sewage sludge incineration process. During sludge incineration in the presence of major minerals, such as SiO2, Al2O3 and CaO, the strongest effect was exerted by SiO2 on the Cd transformation compared with the effect of others. The stable solid product of CdSiO3 was formed easily with the reaction between Cd and SiO2, which can restrain the emissions of gaseous Cd pollutants. CdCl2 was formed more easily in the presence of chloride during incineration, thus, the volatilization of Cd was advanced by increasing chlorine content. At low temperatures, the volatilization of Cd was restrained due to the formation of the refractory solid metal sulfate. At high temperatures, the speciation of Cd was not affected by the presence of sulfur, but sulfur could affect the formation temperature of gaseous metals.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Jing-yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Limao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Shuiyu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xun'an
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.forename: Jiahong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Yujie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wuming
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002104:Cadmium / Q000737:chemistry*; D002713:Chlorine / Q000737:chemistry*; D017745:Incineration; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry*; D013455:Sulfur / Q000737:chemistry*; D013816:Thermodynamics; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage; D002104:Cadmium; D002713:Chlorine; D013455:Sulfur