title: Ophthalmic findings in Behcet׳s disease: Cases without apparent ocular signs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the fluorescein angiography and infrared autofluorescence finding in patients with confirmed Behcet׳s disease (BD) but without clinical ocular signs.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective, non-interventional case series, montage fluorescein angiography (MFA) and infrared autofluorescence imaging were performed for all patients with confirmed BD but without ocular signs in clinical examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty BD patients (100 eyes) without clinical ocular manifestations were investigated. In MFA, we found fluorescein angiography (FA) leakage in 22 cases (44%) in both eyes, mostly at the periphery of retina. In infrared autofluorescence, profound changes were found in 43 patients, 86 eyes (86%). Twenty-five patients, 50 eyes (50%), presented retinal vascular branching modifications, straightening, tortuosity, and shunt.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MFA of retina may be useful in patients with presumed BD for early diagnosis, early treatment, and follow-up of patients.
authors.affiliation: Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hormoz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chams
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Negin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mohtasham
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fereydoun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Davatchi
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Farhad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shahram
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Abdolhadi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naji
authors.affiliation: Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Aalami Harandi
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Noushin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Karimi
keywords: Behcet׳s disease; Branching pattern of retinal vasculature; Infrared autofluorescence; Montage fluorescein angiography