title: Matrix Metalloproteinase Gene Polymorphisms and New-Onset Diabetes After Kidney Transplantation in Korean Renal Transplant Subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  New-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is a serious metabolic complication that may follow renal transplantation. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) contribute to insulin insufficiency and beta-cell dysfunction in a rat model. The MMP-2 concentrations were lower in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and the plasma MMPs levels were related to diabetes. Similar to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance and insulin secretion dysfunction occur in patients with the development of NODAT. Therefore, we examined the association between NODAT and 11 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located within the 3 genes of MMPs that might be related to NODAT.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 309 renal transplant recipients without a history of diabetes were included in this study. DNA was extracted from the blood samples of recipients, and we analyzed the association between the development of NODAT and a panel of 11 SNPs within 3 MMP genes (MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-3).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In terms of allele frequencies, rs243849*C (MMP-2) was significantly higher in patients with NODAT. Two of the 11 (18.1%) SNPs were significantly associated with NODAT development after adjusting for age, sex, and tacrolimus usage: MMP-2 (rs1132896) and MMP-2 (rs243849). In the multiple logistic regression analysis, these 2 SNPs were significantly associated with the development of NODAT in the codominant and recessive or codominant and dominant models.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MMP-2 gene rs1132896 and rs243849 polymorphisms may serve as genetic markers for the development of NODAT. The exact molecular mechanisms still must be clarified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ong
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea. Electronic address: kswnephrology@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: S-W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Y-H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: T-H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: K-H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: S-K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chest Surgery, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Y-C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: S-K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: J-Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: S-H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: C-G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Ihm
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: T-W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: J-H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012307:Risk Factors; D066027:Transplant Recipients
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2