title: Feedback mechanisms between M2 macrophages and Th17 cells in colorectal cancer patients.
abstract: IL-17 and IL-22 are linked to the development of intestinal inflammation and colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the maintenance of IL-17 and IL-22 production, as well as the cell type (Th17) that mediates these cytokines in CRC patients, remains unknown. To examine this, untreated CRC patients and healthy controls were recruited in this study. We first observed that CRC patients contained significantly elevated levels of IL-17- and IL-22-producing CD4+T cells. The vast majority of IL-22-expressing CD4+T cells also expressed IL-17. We then found that the production of both IL-17 and IL-22 required support from autologous monocytes, since the depletion of monocytes significantly downregulated IL-17 and IL-22 secretion. Naive T cells from CRC patients did not secrete IL-17 or IL-22 initially, but long-term coculture with autologous monocytes significantly upregulated IL-17 and IL-22 production in an IL-6-dependent manner. Blockade of IL-6 significantly reduced the levels of both IL-17 and IL-22. We then observed that CD163+M2 macrophages were the main contributor of IL-6. Interestingly, incubation of monocytes with CCR4+CCR6+Th17 cells resulted in significantly higher levels of CD163+macrophages as well as higher IL-6 secretion, than incubation with non-Th17 CD4+T cells. Together, our study discovered a positive feedback mechanism between Th17 and M2 macrophages in CRC patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hongxia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Cancer Center Key Lab, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Bejing, 100853, China.
authors.forename: Fangfang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: Cancer Center Key Lab, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Bejing, 100853, China.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.affiliation: Cancer Center Key Lab, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Bejing, 100853, China.
authors.forename: Shukun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Cancer Center Key Lab, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Bejing, 100853, China. yajunguo_bj@sina.com.
authors.forename: Yajun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000378:metabolism; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D025461:Feedback, Physiological; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D054398:Receptors, CCR4 / Q000378:metabolism; D054399:Receptors, CCR6 / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D000097043:Interleukin-22; D000098902:CD163 Antigen
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D020381:Interleukin-17; D015850:Interleukin-6; D007378:Interleukins; D054398:Receptors, CCR4; D054399:Receptors, CCR6; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D000097043:Interleukin-22; D000098902:CD163 Antigen; C515354:CCR4 protein, human; C106311:CCR6 protein, human; C508717:IL17A protein, human
keywords: Colorectal cancer; Macrophages; Th17 cells