title: The incidence risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in female nurses: a nationwide matched cohort study.
abstract: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic illnesses worldwide. This study was to assess whether the incidence risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus between female nurses and female non-nurses.
  
  
  
  Study data were obtained from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Research Database, and nurses were sampled from the Registry for medical personnel. Nurses and non-nurses with similar traits and health conditions were selected via 1:1 propensity score matching. A total of 111,670 subjects were selected (55,835 nurses and 55,835 non-nurses). Stages of diabetes development were monitored until December 31, 2009. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to discuss risks and influencing factors related to diabetes. Poisson distribution methods were used to examine the incidence rate of diabetes per 1,000 person-years.
  
  
  
  The propensity matching results show that on average, female nurses who were diagnosed with diabetes were younger compared with the non-nurses (46.98 ± 10.80 vs. 48.31 ± 10.43, p <0.05). However, the results of the Cox proportional hazards model show that the nurses showed a lower risk of developing diabetes compared with the non-nurses (Adj. HR = 0.84, 95 % CI: 0.79-0.90). Factors influencing diabetes development risks among the nurses include advanced age and high Charlson Comorbidity Index levels.
  
  
  
  The low degree of diabetes development among the nurses may be attributable to the fact that nurses possess substantial knowledge on health care and on healthy behaviors. The results of this study can be used as a reference to assess occupational risks facing nursing staff, to prevent diabetes development, and to promote health education.
authors.affiliation: Department of Aged Welfare & Social Work, Toko University, Taiwan, Republic of China.|Department of Public Health and Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hsiu-Ling
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hengchun Tourism Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Cheng-Chin
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Aged Welfare & Social Work, Toko University, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shun-Mu
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Pei-Tseng
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Kung
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wen-Yu
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China. wtsai@mail.cmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Wen-Chen
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Tsai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D009726:Nurses / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D057216:Propensity Score; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D016387:Women's Health; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cohort study; Diabetes; National health insurance; Nurse; Occupational health