title: [Estimation of plasma 25(OH)D vitamin deficiency in patients with metabolic syndrome].
abstract: Cardiovascular diseases have been the main cause of mortality in Poland for many years, including premature death and the incidence is systematically growing. These diseases contribute to an increase in the number of disabled people and the cost of medical care. The problem of the so called metabolic syndrome (MS), which includes metabolic risks of atherosclerosis, has been known by doctors for a long time. Results of studies which have been conducted for some years confirm that vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor of MS disorders, including obesity, arterial hypertension, diabetes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to assess plasma 25(OH)D vitamin deficiency in patients with MS.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 268 patients with MS, 136 men and 132 women, aged 30-65 years (mean 59,62±9,21 years). The study group was divided according to the age and season. The plasma level of 25(OH)D above 30 ng/ml was considered normal, between 21 ng/ml and 30 ng/ml - suboptimal (hypovitaminosis) and below 20 ng/ml - insufficient (deficiency).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma 25(OH)D vitamin deficiency was observed in 80,97% patients with MS, hipovitaminosis - in 17,16%. The recommended 25(OH)D concentration in the plasma was confirmed only in 1,87%. Plasma 25(OH)D vitamin deficiency was detected more often in men than women (93,38% vs. 68,18%, p<0,05);the lowest percentage of patients with 25(OH)D vitamin deficiency was observed during summer months (47,14%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma 25(OH)D vitamin deficiency was very high in patients with metabolic syndrome, especially in men, people over 55 years and during winter months.
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lodz, Poland: Department of Hygiene of Nutrition and Epidemiology.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Godala
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lodz, Poland: Department of Internal Diseases and Nephrodiabetology.
authors.forename: Izabela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Materek-Kuśmierkiewicz
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lodz, Poland: Department of Internal Diseases and Nephrodiabetology.
authors.forename: Dariusz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Moczulski
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lodz, Poland: Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion.
authors.forename: Franciszek
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Szatko
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lodz, Poland: Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion.
authors.forename: Ewelina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gaszyńska
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszow, Poland.
authors.forename: Sławomir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tokarski
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lodz, Poland: Department of Internal and Infectious Diseases.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kowalski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011044:Poland; D012621:Seasons; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood*
keywords: deficiency; metabolic syndrome; vitamin D