title: Chronic Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Results in Reduced Cerebral Blood Flow, Axonal Injury, Gliosis, and Increased T-Tau and Tau Oligomers.
abstract: Exposure to repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a risk factor for chronic traumatic encephalopathy, which is characterized by patchy deposition of hyperphosphorylated tau aggregates in neurons and astrocytes at the depths of cortical sulci. We developed an mTBI paradigm to explore effects of repetitive concussive-type injury over several months in mice with a human tau genetic background (hTau). Two injuries were induced in the hTau mice weekly over a period of 3 or 4 months and the effects were compared with those in noninjured sham animals. Behavioral and in vivo measures and detailed neuropathological assessments were conducted 6 months after the first injury. Our data confirm impairment in cerebral blood flow and white matter damage. This was accompanied by a 2-fold increase in total tau levels and mild increases in tau oligomers/conformers and pTau (Thr231) species in brain gray matter. There was no evidence of neurofibrillary/astroglial tangles, neuropil threads, or perivascular foci of tau immunoreactivity. There were neurobehavioral deficits (ie, disinhibition and impaired cognitive performance) in the mTBI animals. These data support the relevance of this new mTBI injury model for studying the consequences of chronic repetitive mTBI in humans, and the role of tau in TBI.
authors.affiliation: From the Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, Florida (JOO, BM, MA, PL, CL, LA, JE, MM, CB, FC); James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida (BM, LA, CB, FC); Open University, Milton Keynes, UK (BM, MA, CL, CB, FC); Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, Florida (CB); Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (WS); University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK (WS); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (WS). bojo@roskampinstitute.net.
authors.forename: Joseph O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Ojo
authors.affiliation: From the Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, Florida (JOO, BM, MA, PL, CL, LA, JE, MM, CB, FC); James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida (BM, LA, CB, FC); Open University, Milton Keynes, UK (BM, MA, CL, CB, FC); Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, Florida (CB); Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (WS); University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK (WS); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (WS).
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mouzon
authors.affiliation: From the Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, Florida (JOO, BM, MA, PL, CL, LA, JE, MM, CB, FC); James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida (BM, LA, CB, FC); Open University, Milton Keynes, UK (BM, MA, CL, CB, FC); Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, Florida (CB); Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (WS); University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK (WS); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (WS).
authors.forename: Moustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Algamal
authors.affiliation: From the Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, Florida (JOO, BM, MA, PL, CL, LA, JE, MM, CB, FC); James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida (BM, LA, CB, FC); Open University, Milton Keynes, UK (BM, MA, CL, CB, FC); Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, Florida (CB); Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (WS); University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK (WS); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (WS).
authors.forename: Paige
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leary
authors.affiliation: From the Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, Florida (JOO, BM, MA, PL, CL, LA, JE, MM, CB, FC); James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida (BM, LA, CB, FC); Open University, Milton Keynes, UK (BM, MA, CL, CB, FC); Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, Florida (CB); Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (WS); University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK (WS); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (WS).
authors.forename: Cillian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.affiliation: From the Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, Florida (JOO, BM, MA, PL, CL, LA, JE, MM, CB, FC); James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida (BM, LA, CB, FC); Open University, Milton Keynes, UK (BM, MA, CL, CB, FC); Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, Florida (CB); Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (WS); University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK (WS); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (WS).
authors.forename: Laila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.affiliation: From the Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, Florida (JOO, BM, MA, PL, CL, LA, JE, MM, CB, FC); James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida (BM, LA, CB, FC); Open University, Milton Keynes, UK (BM, MA, CL, CB, FC); Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, Florida (CB); Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (WS); University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK (WS); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (WS).
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.affiliation: From the Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, Florida (JOO, BM, MA, PL, CL, LA, JE, MM, CB, FC); James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida (BM, LA, CB, FC); Open University, Milton Keynes, UK (BM, MA, CL, CB, FC); Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, Florida (CB); Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (WS); University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK (WS); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (WS).
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mullan
authors.affiliation: From the Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, Florida (JOO, BM, MA, PL, CL, LA, JE, MM, CB, FC); James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida (BM, LA, CB, FC); Open University, Milton Keynes, UK (BM, MA, CL, CB, FC); Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, Florida (CB); Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (WS); University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK (WS); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (WS).
authors.forename: Corbin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bachmeier
authors.affiliation: From the Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, Florida (JOO, BM, MA, PL, CL, LA, JE, MM, CB, FC); James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida (BM, LA, CB, FC); Open University, Milton Keynes, UK (BM, MA, CL, CB, FC); Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, Florida (CB); Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (WS); University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK (WS); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (WS).
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.affiliation: From the Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, Florida (JOO, BM, MA, PL, CL, LA, JE, MM, CB, FC); James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, Florida (BM, LA, CB, FC); Open University, Milton Keynes, UK (BM, MA, CL, CB, FC); Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Bay Pines, Florida (CB); Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK (WS); University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK (WS); and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (WS).
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Crawford
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001924:Brain Concussion / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D020833:Diffuse Axonal Injury / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005911:Gliosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D011897:Random Allocation; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016875:tau Proteins
keywords: Axonal injury; Behavior; Cerebral blood flow; Concussion; Glial activation; Tau.; hTau mice