title: Cardiac resynchronization therapy in congenital heart disease.
abstract: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an established treatment option for adult patients suffering heart failure due to idiopathic or ischemic cardiomyopathy associated with electromechanical dyssynchrony. There is limited evidence suggesting similar efficacy of CRT in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). Due to the heterogeneity of structural and functional substrates, CRT implantation techniques are different with a thoracotomy or hybrid approach prevailing. Efficacy of CRT in CHD seems to depend on the anatomy of the systemic ventricle with best results achieved in systemic left ventricular patients upgraded to CRT from conventional pacing. Indications for CRT in patients with CHD were recently summarized in the Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) Expert Consensus Statement on the Recognition and Management of Arrhythmias in Adult Congenital Heart Disease and are presented in the text.
authors.affiliation: Children's Heart Centre, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, V úvalu 84, 15006, Prague, Czech Republic. jan.janousek@fnmotol.cz.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Janoušek
authors.affiliation: Children's Heart Centre, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, V úvalu 84, 15006, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kubuš
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D058406:Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control*
keywords: Biventricular pacemakers, artificial; Cardiomyopathy; Dyssynchrony; Heart failure; Prognosis