title: Lack of Significant Effects of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection on Cervical Adenocarcinoma Risk: Nested Case-Control Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A role of Chlamydia trachomatis in HPV-induced cervical carcinogenesis has been reported for cervical cancer but studies on cervical adenocarcinoma are limited.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1,553 cervical smears taken up to 26 years before diagnosis in a large population-based nested case-control study of cervical adenocarcinoma (AC, 132 cases with matched controls), and adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS, 159 cases with matched controls) were tested for C. trachomatis and HPV DNA by a type-specific PCR bead-based multiplex genotyping (TS-MPG) assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 1.7% of samples were positive for C. trachomatis, with no significant differences between AC/AIS cases and controls. HPV-positivity was detected in 49.3% of C. trachomatis-negative and 65.4% C. trachomatis-positive samples, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A large prospective study did not find any risk for cervical adenocarcinoma and/or AIS conferred by C. trachomatis infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  C. trachomatis appears not to be involved in cervical adenocarcinomas.
authors.affiliation: Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France.|Screening Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France.|Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Vitaly
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Smelov
authors.affiliation: Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Tarik
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gheit
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sundström
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ploner
authors.affiliation: Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McKay-Chopin
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Carina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Eklund
authors.affiliation: Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tommasino
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.|Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Joakim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dillner
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D065006:Papanicolaou Test; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D014626:Vaginal Smears; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral