title: Factors of Depressive Symptoms Among Elementary, Middle, and High School Students.
abstract: Little attention has been paid to the individual, family, friends, and school profiles of depressed children during the transition from childhood to adolescence. This study aimed to describe the evolution of factors associated with depressive symptoms among elementary, middle, and high school students. This was a secondary analytic study using three datasets of a cohort of Korean children or adolescents. Children or adolescents with depressed symptoms reported lower self-esteem, peer attachment, academic performance, and adaptability in school. Other risk factors for depressive symptoms that included gender, obesity, family conflict, and with whom they discussed personal issues showed different patterns from the elementary school years to high school years. A sex difference (female>male) of depressive symptoms was evident only among high school students. Influences including individuals, family, friends, and school factors for adolescents varied depending upon school years. Understanding the correlates/risk factors could guide the screening and management of depressive symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Education, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics and Institute of Applied Statistics, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Suk
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hwa0607@naver.com.
authors.forename: Kyoung Hwa
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Joung
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D041923:Adolescent Development; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity; D010379:Peer Group; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012307:Risk Factors; D012574:Schools; D012649:Self Concept; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires