title: Nanomaterial resistant microorganism mediated reduction of graphene oxide.
abstract: In this study, soil bacteria were isolated from nanomaterials (NMs) contaminated pond soil and enriched in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) in mineral medium to obtain NMs resistant bacteria. The isolated resistant bacteria were biochemically and genetically identified as Fontibacillus aquaticus. The resistant bacteria were allowed to interact with engineered GO in order to study the biotransformation in GO structure. Raman spectra of GO extracted from culture medium revealed decreased intensity ratio of ID/IG with subsequent reduction of CO which was consistent with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results. The structural changes and exfoliatied GO nanosheets were also evident from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, high resolution X-ray diffraction (XRD) and current-voltage measurements confirmed the reduction of GO after the interaction with resistant bacteria. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of biotransformed GO revealed reduction of oxygen-containing species on the surface of nanosheets. Our results demonstrated that the presented method is an environment friendly, cost effective, simple and based on green approaches for the reduction of GO using NMs resistant bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Orta Mah., 34956 Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Raghuraj S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Chouhan
authors.affiliation: Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Orta Mah., 34956 Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.affiliation: Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Orta Mah., 34956 Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Anjum
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.affiliation: Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Orta Mah., 34956 Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Volkan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ozguz
authors.affiliation: Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Orta Mah., 34956 Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: javed@sabanciuniv.edu.
authors.forename: Javed H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Niazi
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D056507:Paenibacillus / Q000737:chemistry*; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D010087:Oxides; D006108:Graphite
keywords: Biotransformation; Graphene oxide; Nanomaterials; Resistant bacteria