title: Anterior open-bite treatment with bonded vs conventional lingual spurs: A comparative study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to compare the isolated effects of bonded and conventional spurs on the craniofacial and dentoalveolar complexes of patients in the mixed dentition with anterior open bite.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample included 68 subjects with anterior open bite and Class I malocclusion. Group 1 comprised 20 patients treated with bonded lingual spurs with a mean initial age of 9.31 years (SD, 1.17). Group 2 consisted of 21 patients treated with conventional lingual spurs with a mean initial age of 9.22 years (SD, 1.62). The control group (group 3) consisted of 27 untreated subjects. One-way analysis of variance tests followed by Tukey tests were used for intergroup cephalometric comparisons. After 1 month of treatment, patient acceptance of the spurs was evaluated with a questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significantly greater overbite increases in the experimental groups than in the control group. The group with bonded lingual spurs showed significantly better acceptance than did the group with conventional lingual spurs during chewing and eating.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 2 appliances resulted in similar overbite increases during early open-bite treatment. After a week or less of treatment, 92.5% of the children had adjusted to the spurs.
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Uninassau Dental School, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Electronic address: luizfiliphecanuto@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Luiz Filiphe Gonçalves
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Canuto
authors.affiliation: Professor and head, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Janson
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors.forename: Niedje Siqueira
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: de Lima
authors.affiliation: Assistant professor, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renato Rodrigues
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Ingá Dental School, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Hermont
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Cançado
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008311:Malocclusion, Angle Class I / Q000628:therapy; D024343:Open Bite / Q000628:therapy*; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D011446:Prospective Studies; D057566:Self Report; D014059:Tongue