title: TAKASAGO-6 apparatus for cryogenic coherent X-ray diffraction imaging of biological non-crystalline particles using X-ray free electron laser at SACLA.
abstract: Coherent X-ray diffraction imaging (CXDI) is a technique for structure analyses of non-crystalline particles with dimensions ranging from micrometer to sub-micrometer. We have developed a diffraction apparatus named TAKASAGO-6 for use in single-shot CXDI experiments of frozen-hydrated non-crystalline biological particles at cryogenic temperature with X-ray free electron laser pulses provided at a repetition rate of 30 Hz from the SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free-electron LAser. Specimen particles are flash-cooled after being dispersed on thin membranes supported by specially designed disks. The apparatus is equipped with a high-speed translation stage with a cryogenic pot for raster-scanning of the disks at a speed higher than 25 μm/33 ms. In addition, we use devices assisting the easy transfer of cooled specimens from liquid-nitrogen storages to the cryogenic pot. In the current experimental procedure, more than 20 000 diffraction patterns can be collected within 1 h. Here we report the key components and performance of the diffraction apparatus. Based on the efficiency of the diffraction data collection and the structure analyses of metal particles, biological cells, and cellular organelles, we discuss the future application of this diffraction apparatus for structure analyses of biological specimens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: Amane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sekiguchi
authors.affiliation: RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomotaka
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oroguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirahama
authors.affiliation: RIGAKU-Aihara Seiki, 2-24 Higasimatsubara, Hakonegasaki, Mizuho-cho, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo 190-1222, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasufumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Torizuka
authors.affiliation: RIGAKU-Aihara Seiki, 2-24 Higasimatsubara, Hakonegasaki, Mizuho-cho, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo 190-1222, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manoda
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakasako
authors.affiliation: RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto