title: Comparative pharmacokinetics of ceftiofur hydrochloride and ceftiofur sodium after administration to water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).
abstract: OBJECTIVE To evaluate pharmacokinetics and bioavailability after administration of ceftiofur hydrochloride and ceftiofur sodium to water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). ANIMALS 5 healthy adult water buffalo (3 males and 2 nonlactating females). PROCEDURES All animals received a dose (2.2 mg/kg) of 3 ceftiofur products (2 commercially available suspensions of ceftiofur hydrochloride [CEF1 and CEF2, IM] and ceftiofur sodium [CEF3, IV]). Blood samples were collected for up to 196 hours. Concentrations of ceftiofur in plasma were determined by use of high-performance liquid chromatography, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated on the basis of noncompartmental methods. RESULTS Most of the pharmacokinetic parameters, except for bioavailability and the area under the concentration-time curve extrapolated to infinity, were significantly different between the 2 products administered IM. Mean ± SD bioavailability of CEF1 and CEF2 was 89.57 ± 32.84% and 86.28 ± 11.49%, respectively, which indicated good absorption of both products. In addition, there was a longer drug residence time for CEF1 than for CEF2. Data analysis for CEF1 revealed a flip-flop phenomenon. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this study, there was good absorption of CEF1, and CEF1 had a longer drug residence time in vivo than did CEF2. On the basis of pharmacokinetic parameters and the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility, a dosage regimen of 2.2 mg/kg administered at 48- and 36-hour intervals for CEF1 and CEF2, respectively, could be an appropriate choice for the treatment of buffalo with infectious diseases.
authors.forename: Haiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Jianbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Chunyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Roshan V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.forename: Shusheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Jiakang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001682:Biological Availability; D002020:Buffaloes / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010949:Plasma; D013535:Suspensions
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D013535:Suspensions; C053503:ceftiofur