title: Stem Cells in Bone Regeneration.
abstract: Bone has the capacity to regenerate and repair itself. However, this capacity may be impaired or lost depending on the size of the defect or the presence of certain disease states. In this review, we discuss the key principles underlying bone healing, efforts to characterize bone stem and progenitor cell populations, and the current status of translational and clinical studies in cell-based bone tissue engineering. Though barriers to clinical implementation still exist, the application of stem and progenitor cell populations to bone engineering strategies has the potential to profoundly impact regenerative medicine.
authors.affiliation: Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 257 Campus Drive Room GK106, Stanford, CA, 94305-5461, USA.|Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Hagey Building, 257 Campus Dr., Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Graham G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Walmsley
authors.affiliation: Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 257 Campus Drive Room GK106, Stanford, CA, 94305-5461, USA.|Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Hagey Building, 257 Campus Dr., Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Ransom
authors.affiliation: Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 257 Campus Drive Room GK106, Stanford, CA, 94305-5461, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Zielins
authors.affiliation: Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 257 Campus Drive Room GK106, Stanford, CA, 94305-5461, USA.
authors.forename: Tripp
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Leavitt
authors.affiliation: Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 257 Campus Drive Room GK106, Stanford, CA, 94305-5461, USA.
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Flacco
authors.affiliation: Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 257 Campus Drive Room GK106, Stanford, CA, 94305-5461, USA.|Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Hagey Building, 257 Campus Dr., Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.|Department of Surgery, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA.
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Hagey Building, 257 Campus Dr., Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 257 Campus Drive Room GK106, Stanford, CA, 94305-5461, USA.|Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Hagey Building, 257 Campus Dr., Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Longaker
authors.affiliation: Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 257 Campus Drive Room GK106, Stanford, CA, 94305-5461, USA. dwan@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: Derrick C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Wan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D044968:Regenerative Medicine / Q000379:methods; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods
keywords: Bone; Engineering; Regeneration; Stem cell; Tissue