title: Isolated Placental Inflammation and Vasculopathy: Clinical Implications in the Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants.
abstract: The predictive values of placental histopathologies are compromised by a non-segregation of common anomalies. The effects of isolated pure placental inflammation (PI) and vasculopathy-coagulopathy (PV) were compared with normal (NL) placentas in extremely premature infants (ELBW, birth weight < 1000 g). PI infants required lower peak inspiratory pressure on day 3. More infants in PV were oxygen dependence on day 28. PV had an increased risk of intraventricular-periventricular hemorrhage (IVH, OR 4.9, 95% CI 1-24.7, p = 0.05). NL infants were unexposed to PPROM or maternal hypertension, had highest requirement for surfactant, did not develop IVH and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) and none of them were Caucasian.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In ELBW infants (1) pure placental vasculopathy-coagulopathy is a risk factor for IVH, (2) a non- pathological intrauterine environment is nonconducive to IVH and PVL, (3) pure placental inflammation is protective for acute pulmonary disease, (4) Caucasian mothers are more susceptible to adverse intrauterine environment.
authors.affiliation: a Nassau County University Medical Center , State University of New York , East Meadow , New York , USA.
authors.forename: Rita P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.affiliation: b Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics , State University of New York , Stony Brook , New York , USA.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: c University of Iowa , Iowa City , Iowa , USA.
authors.forename: Ram
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Niwas
authors.affiliation: d Stony Brook Medicine , Stony Brook , New York , USA.
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kaplan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002821:Chorioamnionitis / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D052577:Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D007969:Leukomalacia, Periventricular / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010920:Placenta / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Extremely low birth weight infants; intraventricular–periventricular hemorrhage; periventricular leukomalacia; placental inflammation; placental vasculopathy-coagulopathy