title: Weekly fluctuations in nonjudging predict borderline personality disorder feature expression in women.
abstract: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) features have been linked to deficits in mindfulness, or nonjudgmental attention to present-moment stimuli. However, no previous work has examined the role of fluctuations in mindfulness over time in predicting BPD features. The present study examines the impact of bothbetween-person differencesandwithin-person changesin mindfulness.
  
  
  
  40 women recruited to achieve a flat distribution of BPD features completed 4 weekly assessments of mindfulness (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire; FFMQ) and BPD features. Multilevel models predicted each outcome from both 1) a person's average levels of each facet and 2) weekly deviations from a person's average for each facet.
  
  
  
  Average acting with awareness, nonjudging, and nonreactivity predicted lower BPD features at the between-person level, and weekly deviations above one's average (i.e., higher-than-usual) nonjudging predicted lower BPD feature expression at the within-person level.
  
  
  
  Within-person fluctuations in the nonjudging facet of mindfulness may be relevant to the daily expression of BPD features over and above dispositional mindfulness.
authors.affiliation: University of Kentucky, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
authors.forename: Tory
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eisenlohr-Moul
authors.affiliation: University of Kentucky, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University.
authors.forename: Jessica R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.affiliation: University of Kentucky.
authors.forename: Kaitlyn D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Chamberlain
authors.affiliation: Duke University.
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
keywords: borderline personality disorder; mindfulness; multilevel modeling; nonjudging; within-person methods