title: Computed Tomography Perfusion of Prostate Cancer: Diagnostic Value of Quantitative Analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to assess the diagnostic value of computed tomography perfusion (CTp) of prostate in distinguishing between normal tissue and malignant lesion by using quantitative threshold values of CTp parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-one consecutive men with indication for radical prostatectomy were prospectively enrolled. All patients were intravenously injected with 80-mL bolus of nonionic iodinated contrast medium during cine-mode acquisition protocol. Perfusion data sets were analyzed by a dedicated software system and values for each of the 4 CTp parameters (blood volume, blood flow, mean transit time, and permeability surface-area product measurements) were recorded. Receiver operating characteristic curves were calculated to find which CTp parameter and which cutoff value might reveal the best diagnostic accuracy. Histopathology was used as reference standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical correlation between radiological and pathological results was performed on 48 patients using 3456 segmented squares. Blood volume and permeability surface revealed the best diagnostic accuracy for differentiating between malignant and benign squares, with cutoff values of 6.1 and 16.5, respectively, and a sensitivity of 84.8% and 81.8%, respectively. All parameters showed also a high negative predictive value: 97.1% for blood volume and 95.4% for permeability surface.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Blood volume and permeability surface are the 2 CTp parameters with the highest diagnostic accuracy in differentiating between normal tissue and prostatic neoplasia. Due to the extremely high negative predictive value, they are particularly valuable in excluding the presence of cancer and thus resulting potentially useful in assessing cancer response to adjuvant therapy.
authors.affiliation: From the *Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, †Urology Unit, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, ‡Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", ICOT Hospital Latina; and §Radiotherapy Unit, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osimani
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bellini
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pastore
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Palleschi
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Cristofano
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rengo
authors.forename: Natale
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Porta
authors.forename: Genoveva Ionela
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Boboc
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Della Rocca
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carbone
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Petrozza
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laghi
mesh_terms: D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001810:Blood Volume; D000072226:Computed Tomography Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity