title: Posttranscriptional and Posttranslational Regulation of BK Channels.
abstract: Large conductance calcium- and voltage-activated potassium (BK) channels are ubiquitously expressed and play an important role in the regulation of an eclectic array of physiological processes. Their diverse functional role requires channels with a wide variety of properties even though the pore-forming α-subunit is encoded by a single gene, KCNMA1. To achieve this, BK channels exploit some of the most fundamental posttranscriptional and posttranslational mechanisms that allow proteomic diversity to be generated from a single gene. These include mechanisms that diversify mRNA variants and abundance such as alternative pre-mRNA splicing, editing, and control by miRNA. The BK channel is also subject to a diverse array of posttranslational modifications including protein phosphorylation, lipidation, glycosylation, and ubiquitination to control the number, properties, and regulation of BK channels in specific cell types. Importantly, "cross talk" between these posttranscriptional and posttranslational modifications typically converge on disordered domains of the BK channel α-subunit. This allows both wide physiological diversity to be generated and a diversity of mechanisms to allow conditional regulation of BK channels and is emerging as an important determinant of BK channel function in health and disease.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Integrative Physiology, College of Medicine & Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom. Electronic address: mike.shipston@ed.ac.uk.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Shipston
authors.affiliation: Centre for Integrative Physiology, College of Medicine & Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000502:physiology; D051037:Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051036:Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C494841:KCNMA1 protein, human; D051037:Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits; D051036:Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: Alternative splicing; Glycosylation; Phosphorylation; S-acylation; Ubiquitination; miRNA