title: A Rare HLA-DRB1*14:22-DQB1*04:01 Haplotype in a Kidney Donor: Implication in the Interpretation of Donor-Specific Antibody in Kidney Transplantation-A Case Report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The presence of donor-specific human leukocyte antigen antibodies (HLA-DSA) can be determined by performing Luminex assay with single-antigen beads. The single-antigen beads' panels cover the most frequent HLA alleles of the HLA-A, B, C, DRB1, DRB3/4/5, DQB, and DP loci, although the HLA typing for deceased donors often includes only HLA-A, B, and DR. Therefore, the information of haplotypic association between DRB1 and DQB1 is essential for the analysis of HLA-DSA, especially when HLA-DQ antibodies are identified in the patient's serum.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report the finding of a rare HLA-DRB1*14:22-DQB1*04:01 haplotype in a Thai potential kidney donor. HLA class I and class II high-resolution typing were performed by a method of polymerase chain reaction with the use of sequence-specific primers. The HLA-A*24:02-C*04:06-B*13:01-DRB3*02:02-DRB1*14:22-DQA1*05:05-DQB1*04:01 haplotype in the kidney donor was confirmed by segregation analysis in the kidney donor's family. This rare haplotype was also identified in her father and the 2 of her offspring.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this is the 1st report of the rare HLA-DRB1*14:22-DQB1*04:01 haplotype in Thai individuals. The information of the rare HLA-DR-DQ haplotypic association provides a caution for HLA laboratory personnel when analyzing HLA-DSA in a patient with HLA-DQ antibodies and the HLA-DQ typing of a deceased donor is unavailable.
authors.affiliation: Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mongkolsuk
authors.affiliation: Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tammakorn
authors.affiliation: Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kitpoka
authors.affiliation: Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. Electronic address: duangtawan.tha@mahidol.ac.th.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thammanichanond
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013785:Thailand; D014019:Tissue Donors
chemical_list: D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains