title: Whole-exome sequencing implicates DGKH as a risk gene for panic disorder in the Faroese population.
abstract: The demographic history of the isolated population of the Faroe Islands may have induced enrichment of variants rarely seen in outbred European populations, including enrichment of risk variants for panic disorder (PD). PD is a common mental disorder, characterized by recurring and unprovoked panic attacks, and genetic factors have been estimated to explain around 40% of the risk. In this study the potential enrichment of PD risk variants was explored based on whole-exome sequencing of 54 patients with PD and 211 control individuals from the Faroese population. No genome-wide significant associations were found, however several single variants and genes showed strong association with PD, where DGKH was found to be the strongest PD associated gene. Interestingly DGKH has previously demonstrated genome-wide significant association with bipolar disorder as well as evidence of association to other mental disorders. Additionally, we found an enrichment of PD risk variants in the Faroese population; variants with otherwise low frequency in more outbreed European populations. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.|Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.|The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.|Genetic Biobank of the Faroe Islands, Torshavn, Faroe Islands.
authors.forename: Noomi O
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: Gregersen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.|The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lescai
authors.affiliation: BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Jieqin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Qibin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.|The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Als
authors.affiliation: Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.|The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Henriette N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Buttenschøn
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.|The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hedemand
authors.affiliation: Genetic Biobank of the Faroe Islands, Torshavn, Faroe Islands.
authors.forename: Marjun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Biskopstø
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.|BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Centre of Psychiatry Amager, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: August G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.|The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Anders D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Børglum
authors.affiliation: The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.|Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ole
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mors
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.|The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ditte
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Demontis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003718:Denmark; D019852:Diacylglycerol Kinase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics; D059472:Exome; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study / Q000379:methods; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C000610117:DGKH protein, human; D019852:Diacylglycerol Kinase
keywords: DGKH; isolated population; panic disorder; whole-exome sequencing