title: Foxtail Mosaic Virus-Induced Gene Silencing in Monocot Plants.
abstract: Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a powerful technique to study gene function in plants. However, very few VIGS vectors are available for monocot plants. Here we report that Foxtail mosaic virus (FoMV) can be engineered as an effective VIGS system to induce efficient silencing of endogenous genes in monocot plants including barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum) and foxtail millet (Setaria italica). This is evidenced by FoMV-based silencing of phytoene desaturase (PDS) and magnesium chelatase in barley, of PDS and Cloroplastos alterados1 in foxtail millet and wheat, and of an additional gene IspH in foxtail millet. Silencing of these genes resulted in photobleached or chlorosis phenotypes in barley, wheat, and foxtail millet. Furthermore, our FoMV-based gene silencing is the first VIGS system reported for foxtail millet, an important C4 model plant. It may provide an efficient toolbox for high-throughput functional genomics in economically important monocot crops.
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology and MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China (N.L., K.X., Q.J., J.Z., T.C., X.W., H.L., Y.L.); Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (X.D.); Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China (Y.H.); and Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (J.Z.).
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology and MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China (N.L., K.X., Q.J., J.Z., T.C., X.W., H.L., Y.L.); Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (X.D.); Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China (Y.H.); and Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (J.Z.).
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology and MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China (N.L., K.X., Q.J., J.Z., T.C., X.W., H.L., Y.L.); Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (X.D.); Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China (Y.H.); and Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (J.Z.).
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology and MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China (N.L., K.X., Q.J., J.Z., T.C., X.W., H.L., Y.L.); Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (X.D.); Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China (Y.H.); and Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (J.Z.).
authors.forename: Jinping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology and MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China (N.L., K.X., Q.J., J.Z., T.C., X.W., H.L., Y.L.); Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (X.D.); Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China (Y.H.); and Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (J.Z.).
authors.forename: Tianyuan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology and MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China (N.L., K.X., Q.J., J.Z., T.C., X.W., H.L., Y.L.); Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (X.D.); Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China (Y.H.); and Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (J.Z.).
authors.forename: Huangai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology and MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China (N.L., K.X., Q.J., J.Z., T.C., X.W., H.L., Y.L.); Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (X.D.); Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China (Y.H.); and Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (J.Z.).
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology and MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China (N.L., K.X., Q.J., J.Z., T.C., X.W., H.L., Y.L.); Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (X.D.); Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China (Y.H.); and Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (J.Z.).
authors.forename: Xianmin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Diao
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology and MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China (N.L., K.X., Q.J., J.Z., T.C., X.W., H.L., Y.L.); Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (X.D.); Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China (Y.H.); and Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (J.Z.).
authors.forename: Yiguo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Biology and MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China (N.L., K.X., Q.J., J.Z., T.C., X.W., H.L., Y.L.); Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China (X.D.); Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China (Y.H.); and Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China (J.Z.) yuleliu@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yule
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4423-6045
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D020868:Gene Silencing; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D001467:Hordeum / Q000235:genetics*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D017863:Potexvirus / Q000235:genetics*; D032983:Setaria Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C022398:phytoene dehydrogenase