title: Association of psychological factors, patients' knowledge, and management among patients with erectile dysfunction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Erectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the most common health problems in men. ED can significantly affect a man's psychological well-being and overall health.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association of psychological factors, patients' knowledge, and management among ED patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 93 patients with an age range from 31 to 81 years who have undergone treatment for ED were included in this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was found that the feeling of blame (P=0.001), guilt (P=0.001), anger or bitterness (P=0.001), depression (P=0.001), feeling like a failure (P=0.001), and the feeling of letting down a partner during intercourse (P=0.001) were significantly associated with ED. Age was also found to be significantly associated with patients' psychological scale (P=0.004). In addition, the majority of patients in this study practice the right method of administration of ED therapy. However, no significant correlation was found between patients' knowledge of ED therapy and demographic characteristics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study concluded that ED does affect psychological well-being of people. In addition, patient's knowledge about ED and its management is also crucial in ensuring that the patient achieves optimal therapeutic outcomes from ED therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Clinical Investigation Center, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Hasniza Zaman
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Huri
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nurul Diyana
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Mat Sanusi
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Azad Hassan Abdul
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Razack
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mark
keywords: erectile dysfunction; management; patients’ knowledge; psychological factors