title: Tuberculosis and leprosy infections in the Marshallese population of Arkansas, USA.
abstract: The cross-immunity between tuberculosis and leprosy is unknown. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the occurrence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. leprae infection in Marshallese adult volunteers in Springdale, Arkansas, U.S.A., a population that experiences high rates of leprosy and tuberculosis. We used immunodiagnostic testing for tuberculosis and leprosy infection and found significant prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (19.0%), and asymptomatic Mycobacterium leprae infection (22.2%). We found a negative association between presence of antibodies to Mycobacterium leprae and a positive interferon-γ release assay for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, prevalence odds ratio = 0.1 (95% CI = 0.0, 0.9). Although these findings require confirmation on a larger scale, they are supportive of the existence of cross-immunity.
authors.forename: Victor Manuel
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Cardenas
authors.forename: Mohammed S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Orloff
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaminaga
authors.forename: Irma Carrillo
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Cardenas
authors.forename: Joeline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hainline-Williams
authors.forename: Malcolm S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Duthie
authors.forename: Angela C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Puche
authors.forename: Leonard
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mukasa
authors.forename: Naveen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.forename: Pearl Ann
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Mcelfish
authors.forename: Joseph H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Bates
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001131:Arkansas / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007918:Leprosy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D055815:Young Adult