title: Intravitreal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor injection in unrecognised early pregnancy.
abstract: The use of intravitreal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor medications has widened considerably to include indications affecting females of reproductive age. Our patient was inadvertently exposed to bevacizumab within the first trimester when placental growth and fetal organogenesis take place and patient suffered pregnancy loss. There is insufficient information to suggest that such use is safe, nor is there definitive evidence to suggest that it causes harm. We advise that ophthalmologists discuss pregnancy with women of childbearing age undergoing intraocular anti-VEGF injections and in pregnant woman counselling is needed to explain the potential risks and benefits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Farzan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kianersi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Heshmatollah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ghanbari
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Naderi Beni
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. a_naderibeni@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Afsaneh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naderi Beni
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous; D000328:Adult; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068258:Bevacizumab / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000068258:Bevacizumab
keywords: Complication; Intravitreal vascular endothelial growth factor; Pregnancy