title: Trophic restructuring (Wieser 1953) of free-living nematode in marine sediment experimentally enriched to increasing doses of pharmaceutical penicillin G.
abstract: Trophic structure of free living nematode from Bizerte lagoon was tested by a microcosmic study after 30 days of exposure with 5 increasing doses of pharmaceutical penicillin G (D1: 3 mg L(-1), D2: 30 mg L(-1), D3: 300 mg L(-1), D4: 600 mg L(-1), D5: 700 mg L(-1)). Results showed significant differences between nematode assemblages from undisturbed controls and those from penicillin G treatments. Selective deposit-feeders (1A) or nonselective deposit-feeders (1B), very abundant in the control microcosm, were significantly affected and their dominance declined significantly. Epistrate feeders (2A) were significantly gradual increase for all microcosms treated with penicillin G, appeared to be more tolerant to the antibiotic and to take advantage of the growing scarcity of other trophic groups. Compared to the control microcosms, omnivorous-carnivorous (2B) was found to be higher in all treated microcosms, with the exception of those treated with D5. Trophic index (Σθ(2)) was significantly reduced in all microcosms treated whereas trophic ratio 1B/2A appears to be insignificant.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta (FSB), University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerta, Tunisia. a7mednas@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nasri
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta (FSB), University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerta, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Soufiane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jouili
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta (FSB), University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerta, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Fehmi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boufahja
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta (FSB), University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerta, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Amor
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hedfi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta (FSB), University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerta, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Ibtihel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Saidi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta (FSB), University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerta, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Ezzeddine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mahmoudi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta (FSB), University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerta, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aïssa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta (FSB), University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerta, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Naceur
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Essid
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta (FSB), University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerta, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Beyrem
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hamouda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D020387:Food Chain; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D009348:Nematoda / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010400:Penicillin G / Q000633:toxicity*; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D010400:Penicillin G
keywords: Density dependence; Free-living nematodes; Penicillin G; Pollution effect; Population function; Sediment pollution