title: Larvicidal and Adulticidal Activity of Chroman and Chromene Analogues against Susceptible and Permethrin-Resistant Mosquito Strains.
abstract: Mosquitoes play a major role as vectors that transmit parasitic and viral diseases worldwide, especially in tropical and subtropical countries. Mosquito borne diseases not only affect humans but they also affect livestock in many parts of the world. They carry diseases that are lethal to dogs and horses. Dog heartworm disease (Dirofilaria immitis) is a parasitic disease spread through mosquitoes. This disease is not limited to dogs, but it can affect other animals and humans as well. Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) and West Nile virus (WNV) are also mosquito borne diseases that affect the central nervous system of horses and cause severe complications and death. Emergence of resistance among mosquitoes to current pesticides has increased the importance of the search for alternate compounds that are effective and environmentally benign with diverse modes of actions than those that are commercially available. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are the primary vector for transmission of Zika viral fever, yellow fever, dengue fever, and chikungunya. Mosquito control is currently the best strategy to prevent mosquito borne diseases. There are numerous approaches for control of potentially dangerous mosquito populations. These approaches include the use of adulticides (insecticides), larvicides, and, to a limited extent, the use of repellents. Our previous studies have shown the mosquito repellent activity of chromenes. In the present study, we demonstrate larvicidal and adulticidal activity of chroman and chromene analogues against a permethrin susceptible laboratory strain as well as activity against a permethrin-resistant strain of Aedes aegypti.
authors.affiliation: NPURU, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture , P.O. Box 8048, University, Mississippi 38677, United States.
authors.forename: Kumudini M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Meepagala
authors.affiliation: CMAVE, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture , MFRU1600-1700 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32608, United States.|Navy Entomology Center of Excellence (NECE), NASJAX , 937 Child Street, Jacksonville, Florida 32212, United States.
authors.forename: Alden S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Estep
authors.affiliation: CMAVE, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture , MFRU1600-1700 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32608, United States.
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Becnel
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002839:Chromans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D007305:Insecticide Resistance; D007306:Insecticides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D008297:Male; D009032:Mosquito Control; D026023:Permethrin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D001578:Benzopyrans; D002839:Chromans; D007306:Insecticides; D026023:Permethrin
keywords: chromans; chromenes; insecticide resistance; larvicide; mosquitoes; repellents