title: Investigation of High-Speed Erythrocyte Flow and Erythrocyte-Wall Impact in a Lab-on-a-Chip.
abstract: To better understand erythrocyte high-speed motion, collision characteristics, and collision-induced hemolysis probability in rotary blood pumps, a visual experimental investigation of high-speed erythrocyte flow and erythrocyte-wall collision in a lab-on-a-chip was performed. The erythrocyte suspension was driven by a microsyringe pump connected to the microchip, and the erythrocyte flow and erythrocyte-wall impact process were observed and imaged by an optical microscope and a high-speed camera. Two types of microchips with different impact surfaces (flat and curved) were employed. The motion and deformation features before and after collision were studied in detail. The results show that erythrocytes not only move along the flow direction in the flow plane but also rotate and roll in three-dimensional space. Erythrocytes keep discoid shape during the movement in the straight channel, but their deformations during collision are mainly classified into two types: erythrocyte structure is still stable and the erythrocyte performance can be ensured to a certain extent in the TypeA deformation, while the TypeB deformation makes the membrane more likely to fracture on the stretched side, increasing the probability of hemolysis. Furthermore, the movements and deformations of the erythrocytes after collision are analyzed and classified into two types: bouncing and slipping. Moreover, a simulation method for the flow in microchip was performed and validated through a comparison of the streamlines and experimental erythrocytes tracks, which can be further employed to predict the high-speed blood flow, associated with collision process in mechanical blood pump.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Thermal Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Thermal Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Thermal Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Energy and Power Engineering.
authors.forename: Yonghui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Power Engineering, School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Gongnan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D004907:Erythrocyte Deformability; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D006353:Heart-Assist Devices / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006461:Hemolysis; D006801:Humans; D056656:Lab-On-A-Chip Devices; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D009038:Motion; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
keywords: Collision; Deformation; Erythrocyte; Lab-on-a-chip; Numerical model; Visualization