title: Radiation therapy for primary breast lymphoma in male gynecomastia: a rare case report and review of the literature.
abstract: Primary breast lymphoma is a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and usually affects women, although a few cases have been reported in men. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy, or a combination of both, are frequently administered for treatment of primary breast lymphoma, as local control by surgical resection is poor. No standard therapy has been established, and the optimal radiation dose and irradiation field for male patients are unknown. The present report describes a 75-year-old man with bilateral cirrhosis-induced gynecomastia who was diagnosed with primary breast lymphoma; specifically, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Because of his hepatic dysfunction, he was treated with radiation therapy alone. Radiation therapy was followed by eight cycles of rituximab monotherapy. Clinical response was good, with no signs of relapse. Clinicians may benefit from knowledge regarding effective treatment of primary breast lymphoma in male patients, which has been rarely reported owing to the low incidence of this condition. The outcome in the present case may help to establish effective treatment guidelines in similar cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kami-cho Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan. ishibashi.naoya@nihon-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.affiliation: Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Yokosuka City Hospital, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Yokosuka City Hospital, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kogi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Yokosuka City Hospital, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sugiura
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Yokosuka City Hospital, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takekawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kami-cho Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maebayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kami-cho Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aizawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kami-cho Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan.
authors.forename: Masakuni
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi Kami-cho Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Abe
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018567:Breast Neoplasms, Male / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006177:Gynecomastia / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D000069283:Rituximab / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000069283:Rituximab
keywords: Gynecomastia; Male breast lymphoma; Primary breast lymphoma; Radiation therapy