title: [Laryngeal and larynx-associated reflexes].
abstract: The laryngeal adductor reflex and the pharyngoglottal closure reflex protect the trachea and lower respiratory tract against the entrance of foreign material. The laryngeal expiration reflex and the cough reflex serve to propel foreign material, which has penetrated in the cranial direction. The inspiration reflex, the sniff reflex, and the swallowing reflex are further larynx-associated reflexes. In patients with dysphagia the laryngeal adductor reflex can be clinically tested with air pulses. The water swallow test serves to show the integrity of the cough reflex. The sniff reflex is useful to test the abduction function of the vocal folds. Future studies should address laryngeal reflexes more specifically, both for a better understanding of these life-supporting mechanisms and to improve diagnostic procedures in patients with impaired laryngeal function.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie, MHH OE 6510, 30623, Hannover, Deutschland. Ptok.Martin@mh-hannover.de.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ptok
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie, MHH OE 6510, 30623, Hannover, Deutschland.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kühn
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie, MHH OE 6510, 30623, Hannover, Deutschland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie, MHH OE 6510, 30623, Hannover, Deutschland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jungheim
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie, MHH OE 6510, 30623, Hannover, Deutschland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schroeter
mesh_terms: D003938:Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System; D006801:Humans; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007830:Larynx / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012021:Reflex, Abnormal / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Cough; Dysphagia; Neurologic examination; Swallowing; Vocal cords