title: Gas chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization/mass spectrometry for the analysis of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in human serum.
abstract: A method using a novel atmospheric pressure chemical ionization source for coupling gas chromatography (GC/APCI) to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for the determination of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) regulated by the Stockholm Convention is presented. One microliter injection of a six-point calibration curve of native PCBs and OCPs, ranging from 0.04 to 300pg/μL, was performed. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of the relative response factors (RRFs) was less than 15% with a coefficient of determination (r(2))>0.995. Meanwhile, two calibration solutions (CS), CS 2 (0.4pg/μL) and CS 3 (4pg/μL) were analyzed to study the repeatability calculated for both area and RRFs. The RSD for RRF ranged from 3.1 to 16% and 3.6 to 5.5% for CS 2 and CS 3, respectively. The limits of detection (LOD) determined by peak-to-peak signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of 3 were compared between the GC/APCI/MS/MS and a GC coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (GC/HRMS) system. GC/APCI/MS/MS resulted in lower LOD for most of the compounds, except for PCB#74, cis-chlordane and trans-chlordane. GC/APCI/MS/MS and GC/HRMS were also compared by performing analysis on 75 human serum samples together with eight QA/QC serum samples. The comparison between GC/APCI/MS/MS system and GC/HRMS system for 16 of the targeted compounds was carried out. No statistically significant difference was discovered. Due to increased sensitivity and user friendly operation under atmospheric pressure, GC/APCI/MS/MS is a powerful alternative technique that can easily meet the specification of GC/HRMS.
authors.affiliation: MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden. Electronic address: dawei.geng@oru.se.
authors.forename: Dawei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ingrid Ericson
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Jogsten
authors.affiliation: Waters Corporation, Manchester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jody
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dunstan
authors.affiliation: MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden; Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE 70182 Örebro, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jessika
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hagberg
authors.affiliation: MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden.
authors.forename: Thanh
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Jerome
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruzzin
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, H2W 1R7, Canada; Montreal Diabetes Research Centre at the Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) Montréal, Québec, H1W 4A4, Canada; Nutrition Department of Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Endocrinology Division, Montreal University Hospital, Montréal, Québec H2W 1T8, Canada.
authors.forename: Rémi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rabasa-Lhoret
authors.affiliation: MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden; Norwegian Institute for Water Research, NIVA, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Bert
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: van Bavel
mesh_terms: D001274:Atmospheric Pressure; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000097:blood*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000097:blood*; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000097:blood*; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D010575:Pesticides; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls
keywords: Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI); High resolution mass spectrometry (GC/HRMS); Human serum; OCPs; PCBs; Triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (MS/MS)