title: The role of polyamines during exocarp formation in a russet mutant of 'Dangshansuli' pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.).
abstract: Differential genes of suberin, polyamine and transcription factors in transcriptome sequences and the contents of H 2 O 2 , spermidine, spermine, and putrescine changed significantly after treating with MGBG. Russeting is a commercially important process that restores the control of water loss through the skin via the formation of a waterproofing periderm just beneath the microcracked skin of pear primary fruit. A spontaneous russet skin mutant, the yellow-green 'Dangshansuli' pear, has been identified. To understand the role of polyamines in the formation of the russet skin of the mutant-type (MT) pear, it was treated with methylglyoxal-bis-(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG) for 4 weeks after full bloom. One week later, differentially expressed genes among the wild-type (WT), MT, and MGBG-treated MT pears were screened, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was localized using CeCl3, and the contents of H2O2 and polyamine were measured. A total of 57,086,772, 61,240,014, and 67,919,420 successful reads were generated from the transcriptomes of WT, MT, and MGBG-treated MT, with average unigene lengths of 701, 720, and 735 bp, respectively. Differentially expressed genes involved in polyamine metabolism and suberin synthesis were screened in 'Dangshansuli' and in the mutant libraries, and their relative expression was found to be significantly altered after treatment with MGBG, which was confirmed by real-time PCR. The expression patterns of differentially expressed transcription factors were identified and were found to be similar to those of the polyamine- and suberin-related genes. The results indicated that the H2O2 generated during polyamine metabolism might contribute to russet formation on the exocarp of the mutant pear. Furthermore, the contents of H2O2, spermidine, spermine, and putrescine and H2O2 localization provided a comprehensive transcriptomic view of russet formation in the mutant pear.
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Heng
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ziteng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xianghong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Pu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhenfeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China. zhuliwu@ahau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Liwu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005638:Fruit / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D017343:Genes, Plant; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011073:Polyamines / Q000378:metabolism*; D031989:Pyrus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011765:Pyruvaldehyde / Q000494:pharmacology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D011073:Polyamines; D014157:Transcription Factors; D011765:Pyruvaldehyde; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide
keywords: Exocarp transcriptome; Hydrogen peroxide; Methylglyoxal-bis-(guanylhydrazone); Pyrus; Russet mutant