title: Differential Kinetics in Alteration and Recovery of Cognitive Processes from a Chronic Sleep Restriction in Young Healthy Men.
abstract: Chronic sleep restriction (CSR) induces neurobehavioral deficits in young and healthy people with a morning failure of sustained attention process. Testing both the kinetic of failure and recovery of different cognitive processes (i.e., attention, executive) under CSR and their potential links with subject's capacities (stay awake, baseline performance, age) and with some biological markers of stress and anabolism would be useful in order to understand the role of sleep debt on human behavior. Twelve healthy subjects spent 14 days in laboratory with 2 baseline days (B1 and B2, 8 h TIB) followed by 7 days of sleep restriction (SR1-SR7, 4 h TIB), 3 sleep recovery days (R1-R3, 8 h TIB) and two more ones 8 days later (R12-R13). Subjective sleepiness (KSS), maintenance of wakefulness latencies (MWT) were evaluated four times a day (10:00, 12:00 a.m. and 2:00, 4:00 p.m.) and cognitive tests were realized at morning (8:30 a.m.) and evening (6:30 p.m.) sessions during B2, SR1, SR4, SR7, R2, R3 and R13. Saliva (B2, SR7, R2, R13) and blood (B1, SR6, R1, R12) samples were collected in the morning. Cognitive processes were differently impaired and recovered with a more rapid kinetic for sustained attention process. Besides, a significant time of day effect was only evidenced for sustained attention failures that seemed to be related to subject's age and their morning capacity to stay awake. Executive processes were equally disturbed/recovered during the day and this failure/recovery process seemed to be mainly related to baseline subject's performance and to their capacity to stay awake. Morning concentrations of testosterone, cortisol and α-amylase were significantly decreased at SR6-SR7, but were either and respectively early (R1), tardily (after R2) and not at all (R13) recovered. All these results suggest a differential deleterious and restorative effect of CSR on cognition through biological changes of the stress pathway and subject's capacity (ClinicalTrials-NCT01989741).
authors.affiliation: Fatigue and Vigilance Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Operational Constraints, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA)Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; VIFASOM team (EA 7330), University of Paris 5 DescartesParis, France.
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rabat
authors.affiliation: Fatigue and Vigilance Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Operational Constraints, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA)Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; VIFASOM team (EA 7330), University of Paris 5 DescartesParis, France.
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gomez-Merino
authors.affiliation: Fatigue and Vigilance Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Operational Constraints, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA)Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; University of Paris 11Orsay, France.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Roca-Paixao
authors.affiliation: Fatigue and Vigilance Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Operational Constraints, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA)Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; VIFASOM team (EA 7330), University of Paris 5 DescartesParis, France.
authors.forename: Clément
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bougard
authors.affiliation: Fatigue and Vigilance Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Operational Constraints, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA)Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; VIFASOM team (EA 7330), University of Paris 5 DescartesParis, France.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Van Beers
authors.affiliation: Fatigue and Vigilance Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Operational Constraints, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA)Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; VIFASOM team (EA 7330), University of Paris 5 DescartesParis, France.
authors.forename: Garance
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dispersyn
authors.affiliation: Fatigue and Vigilance Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Operational Constraints, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA)Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; VIFASOM team (EA 7330), University of Paris 5 DescartesParis, France.
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guillard
authors.affiliation: Department of Operational Environments, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA) Brétigny-sur-Orge, France.
authors.forename: Cyprien
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bourrilhon
authors.affiliation: Fatigue and Vigilance Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Operational Constraints, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA)Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; VIFASOM team (EA 7330), University of Paris 5 DescartesParis, France.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Drogou
authors.affiliation: Fatigue and Vigilance Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Operational Constraints, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA)Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; VIFASOM team (EA 7330), University of Paris 5 DescartesParis, France.
authors.forename: Pierrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Arnal
authors.affiliation: Fatigue and Vigilance Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Operational Constraints, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA)Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; VIFASOM team (EA 7330), University of Paris 5 DescartesParis, France.
authors.forename: Fabien
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sauvet
authors.affiliation: VIFASOM team (EA 7330), University of Paris 5 DescartesParis, France; Alertness and Sleep Center, Hôtel Dieu de Paris, Public Assistance of Paris Hospitals, University of Paris 5 DescartesParis, France.
authors.forename: Damien
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leger
authors.affiliation: Fatigue and Vigilance Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Operational Constraints, Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA)Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; VIFASOM team (EA 7330), University of Paris 5 DescartesParis, France.
authors.forename: Mounir
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chennaoui
keywords: age; chronic sleep debt; executive processes; hormones; recovery; sustained attention; time of day