title: Effect of dietary energy and polymorphisms in BRAP and GHRL on obesity and metabolic traits.
abstract: Obesity, a risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, is a major health concerns among middle-aged men. The aim of this study was to investigate a possible association of dietary habits and obesity related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with obesity and metabolic abnormalities.
  
  
  
  We conducted a retrospective cohort study using annual health examination data of 5112 male workers, obtained between 2007 and 2011. Average dietary energy was estimated using electronically collected meal purchase data from cafeteria. We examined 8 SNPs related to obesity: GHRL rs696217, PPARG rs1175544, ADIPOQ rs2241766, ADIPOQ rs1501299, PPARD rs2016520, APOA5 rs662799, BRAP rs3782886, and ITGB2 rs235326. We also examined whether SNPs that were shown to associate with obesity affect other metabolic abnormalities such as blood pressure (BP), glucose, and lipid profile.
  
  
  
  Average dietary energy significantly associated with increased abdominal circumference (AC) and body mass index (BMI). The odds ratios (ORs) of overweight and obesity also increased. The major allele of rs696217 significantly increased BMI and an increased OR with obesity, while the minor allele of rs3782886 was associated with significantly decreased AC and the decreased ORs with overweight and obesity. The minor allele of rs3782886 was also associated with significantly decreased systolic BP (SBP), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and fasting blood sugar (FBS), while rs696217 was not associated with other metabolic abnormalities.
  
  
  
  Average dietary energy in lunch, rs3782886, and rs696217 were associated with obesity, and rs3782886 was associated with other metabolic abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imaizumi
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan. Electronic address: mando@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakatochi
authors.affiliation: Department of CKD Initiatives, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Yachiyo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuwatsuka
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Sawako
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Program in Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-20 Daiko-Minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan.
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.affiliation: Safety & Health Promotion Division, Toyota Motor Corporation, 1-1 Ipponmatsu, Iwakura-cho, Toyota 444-2225 Japan.
authors.forename: Masamitsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.affiliation: Safety & Health Promotion Division, Toyota Motor Corporation, 1-1 Ipponmatsu, Iwakura-cho, Toyota 444-2225 Japan.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.affiliation: Safety & Health Promotion Division, Toyota Motor Corporation, 1-1 Ipponmatsu, Iwakura-cho, Toyota 444-2225 Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.affiliation: R & D management Division, Toyota Motor Corporation, 1 Toyota-cho, Toyota 471-8572, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takamatsu
authors.affiliation: R & D management Division, Toyota Motor Corporation, 1 Toyota-cho, Toyota 471-8572, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okajima
authors.affiliation: Innovative Research Center for Preventative Medical Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Shoichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maruyama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000235:genetics; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008019:Life Style; D062409:Lunch; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; C515349:GHRL protein, human; D054439:Ghrelin; D014280:Triglycerides; C111164:BRAP protein, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
keywords: BRAP; Energy intake; GHRL; Obesity; Single nucleotide polymorphism