title: Long noncoding RNAs in cancer: mechanisms of action and technological advancements.
abstract: The previous decade has seen long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) rise from obscurity to being defined as a category of genetic elements, leaving its mark on the field of cancer biology. With the current number of curated lncRNAs increasing by 10,000 in the last five years, the field is moving from annotation of lncRNA expression in various tumours to understanding their importance in the key cancer signalling networks and characteristic behaviours. Here, we summarize the previously identified as well as recently discovered mechanisms of lncRNA function and their roles in the hallmarks of cancer. Furthermore, we identify novel technologies for investigation of lncRNA properties and their function in carcinogenesis, which will be important for their translation to the clinic as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
authors.affiliation: Genome Informatics, Genomics & Epigenetics Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Nenad
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bartonicek
authors.affiliation: Genome Informatics, Genomics & Epigenetics Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.|Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Jesper L V
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Maag
authors.affiliation: Genome Informatics, Genomics & Epigenetics Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia. m.dinger@garvan.org.au.|Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. m.dinger@garvan.org.au.
authors.forename: Marcel E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Dinger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000235:genetics*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding