title: Functions of PARylation in DNA Damage Repair Pathways.
abstract: Protein poly ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) is a widespread post-translational modification at DNA lesions, which is catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs). This modification regulates a number of biological processes including chromatin reorganization, DNA damage response (DDR), transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, and mitosis. PARP1, functioning as a DNA damage sensor, can be activated by DNA lesions, forming PAR chains that serve as a docking platform for DNA repair factors with high biochemical complexity. Here, we highlight molecular insights into PARylation recognition, the expanding role of PARylation in DDR pathways, and the functional interaction between PARylation and ubiquitination, which will offer us a better understanding of the biological roles of this unique post-translational modification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, MOE Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors.forename: Huiting
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA. Electronic address: xyu@coh.org.
authors.forename: Xiaochun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D059765:Homologous Recombination; D006801:Humans; D011064:Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000378:metabolism*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational
chemical_list: D011064:Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; D004247:DNA; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases
keywords: DNA damage response; PAR-binding modules; PARPs; Poly ADP-ribosylation; Ubiquitination