title: Production does not improve memory for face-name associations.
abstract: Strategies for learning face-name associations are generally difficult and time-consuming. However, research has shown that saying a word aloud improves our memory for that word relative to words from the same set that were read silently. Such production effects have been shown for words, pictures, text material, and even word pairs. Can production improve memory for face-name associations? In Experiment 1, participants studied face-name pairs by reading half of the names aloud and half of the names silently, and were tested with cued recall. In Experiment 2, names were repeated aloud (or silently) for the full trial duration. Neither experiment showed a production effect in cued recall. Bayesian analyses showed positive support for the null effect. One possibility is that participants spontaneously implemented more elaborate encoding strategies that overrode any influence of production. However, a more likely explanation for the null production effect is that only half of each stimulus pair was produced-the name, but not the face. Consistent with this explanation, in Experiment 3 a production effect was not observed in cued recall of word-word pairs in which only the target words were read aloud or silently. Averaged across all 3 experiments, aloud targets were more likely to be recalled than silent targets (though not associated with the correct cue). The production effect in associative memory appears to require both members of a pair to be produced. Surprisingly, production shows little promise as a strategy for improving memory for the names of people we have just met. (PsycINFO Database Record
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland.
authors.forename: Kathleen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Hourihan
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland.
authors.forename: Alexis R S
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001245:Association Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D003463:Cues; D000066499:Facial Recognition / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology*; D009275:Names; D011932:Reading; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult