title: Impact of hypofractionated and standard fractionated chemoradiation before pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
abstract: Previous studies have suggested that preoperative chemoradiation (CRT) is associated with an improved margin-negative resection rate among patients who undergo pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the optimal preoperative regimen has not been established.
  
  
  
  All patients with PDAC who received chemotherapy and/or CRT followed by PD between 1999 and 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. The effects of 2 external-beam radiation regimens-a standard course of 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions and a hypofractionated course of 30 Gy in 10 fractions-were compared. Differences in clinicopathologic characteristics, locoregional recurrence (LR), and overall survival (OS) were assessed.
  
  
  
  Among 472 patients who received preoperative therapy, 224 (47.5%) received 30 Gy, 221 (46.8%) received 50.4 Gy, and 27 (5.7%) received chemotherapy alone. Patients who received 50.4 Gy were more likely to have advanced-stage disease and to have received induction and postoperative chemotherapy, but there was no difference in the R1 margin status, treatment effect, LR, or OS between the 2 radiation groups (all P values > .05). Patients who received preoperative CRT had a lower rate of LR than patients who received preoperative chemotherapy alone (P < .01). In a multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis, 50.4 Gy was associated with OS and LR similar to those associated with 30 Gy, whereas the absence of preoperative radiation was associated with a higher rate of LR (odds ratio, 2.21; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-4.70) and similar OS.
  
  
  
  Preoperative hypofractionated CRT was associated with similar local control and OS in comparison with standard CRT in patients undergoing PD for PDAC. The use of chemotherapy alone without CRT was associated with poorer local control but similar survival. Cancer 2016. © 2016 American Cancer Society. Cancer 2016;122:2671-2679. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Jordan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cloyd
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Christopher H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Crane
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Eugene J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Koay
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Prajnan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krishnan
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Rebecca A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Gauri R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Varadhachary
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Milind
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Javle
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Rachna T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Shroff
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fogelman
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Overman
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Huamin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Anirban
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maitra
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Jeffrey E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Jason B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Fleming
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Matthew H G
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Katz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016577:Pancreaticoduodenectomy; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate
keywords: FOLFIRINOX; chemoradiation; chemotherapy; gemcitabine; local recurrence; neoadjuvant therapy; pancreatectomy; pancreatic cancer; whipple