title: Suicidal Ideation During the Postpartum Period.
abstract: To examine the association between suicidal ideation (SI), 3 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum with demographic, psychosocial, clinical factors, and depressive/anxiety symptoms (measured 24-48 hours after delivery), among a cohort of postpartum women.
  
  
  
  This study included 1,073 mothers who gave birth in a large tertiary New York City hospital (2009-2010). Later, self-report SI was assessed using the suicide measure from the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and from the Patient Health Questionnaire.
  
  
  
  Two percent of participants presented with SI during the first 6 months postpartum. In bivariate analyses, race/ethnicity, nativity, insurance, and language were significantly correlated with SI 3 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postpartum. Screening positive for depression (p = 0.0245) and anxiety (0.0454), assessed 1-2 days postpartum, was significantly correlated with later SI in bivariate analyses, as were antepartum complications (p = 0.001), depressive history (0.001), and self-efficacy (0.045). In adjusted models, antepartum complications (OR = 4.681, 95% CI = 1.99-10.99) and depressive history (OR-3.780, 95% CI = 1.514-9.441) were significantly associated with later postpartum SI. Heightened self-efficacy reduced the odds of later SI (p = 0.050).
  
  
  
  Findings suggest that SI among a relatively healthy group of new mothers occurs with some frequency. Mothers with a history of depression and antepartum complications may be at increased risk.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Sociology and Institute of Women's Health, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bodnar-Deren
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York.
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Klipstein
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York.|3 Department of Psychiatry, North Shore LIJ, Zucker Hillside Hospital , Glen Oaks, New York.
authors.forename: Madeleine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fersh
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York.|4 Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York.|5 Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York.
authors.forename: Eyal
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shemesh
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York.|5 Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York.|6 Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York.
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Howell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D019052:Depression, Postpartum / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D037841:Pregnant People / Q000523:psychology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors; D059020:Suicidal Ideation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: antepartum complications; maternal mental health; maternal mortality; postpartum depression; postpartum suicidal ideation; postpartum suicide