title: The increasing complexity of the ubiquitin code.
abstract: Ubiquitylation is essential for signal transduction as well as cell division and differentiation in all eukaryotes. Substrate modifications range from a single ubiquitin molecule to complex polymeric chains, with different types of ubiquitylation often eliciting distinct outcomes. The recent identification of novel chain topologies has improved our understanding of how ubiquitylation establishes precise communication within cells. Here, we discuss how the increasing complexity of ubiquitylation is employed to ensure robust and faithful signal transduction in eukaryotic cells.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.|Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yau
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.|Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rape
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015398:Signal Transduction; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism*; D054875:Ubiquitination
chemical_list: D025801:Ubiquitin