title: An Air-Liquid Interface Culture System for 3D Organoid Culture of Diverse Primary Gastrointestinal Tissues.
abstract: Conventional in vitro analysis of gastrointestinal epithelium usually relies on two-dimensional (2D) culture of epithelial cell lines as monolayer on impermeable surfaces. However, the lack of context of differentiation and tissue architecture in 2D culture can hinder the faithful recapitulation of the phenotypic and morphological characteristics of native epithelium. Here, we describe a robust long-term three-dimensional (3D) culture methodology for gastrointestinal culture, which incorporates both epithelial and mesenchymal/stromal components into a collagen-based air-liquid interface 3D culture system. This system allows vigorously expansion of primary gastrointestinal epithelium for over 60 days as organoids with both proliferation and multilineage differentiation, indicating successful long-term intestinal culture within a microenvironment accurately recapitulating the stem cell niche.
authors.affiliation: Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Xingnan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Akifumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ootani
authors.affiliation: Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. cjkuo@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: Calvin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000166:cytology*; D051379:Mice; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D009940:Organoids / Q000166:cytology*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000166:cytology*; D013270:Stomach / Q000166:cytology*
keywords: Air–liquid interface; Gastrointestinal tissue culture; Organoid; Stem cell niche; Three dimensional culture