title: Low immune cell ARA and high plasma 12-HETE and 17-HDHA in iron-deficient South African school children with allergy.
abstract: Allergy has been associated with altered fatty acid and inflammatory status. In this cross-sectional study of 321 rural iron deficient (ID) South African children (aged 6-11 years), a subsample (n=111) of children with parent-reported allergy data were divided into an allergic (n=30) and non-allergic (n=81) group and compared. PBMC arachidonic acid (ARA; P=0.010) and the PBMC ARA to dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) ratio (P=0.035) were lower in the allergic children. Plasma 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 17-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (17-HDHA) were higher (P=0.040 and 0.020, respectively) in the allergic group. Thus, a fatty acid composition and lipid mediator levels indicative of increased release of ARA from PBMC membranes, increased inflammation as well as the resolving thereof, were associated with parent-reported allergy symptoms. This study used baseline data of an intervention study which was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01092377.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. Electronic address: linda.malan@nwu.ac.za.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Malan
authors.affiliation: Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baumgartner
authors.affiliation: The Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre in Nutrition, Southampton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Calder
authors.affiliation: Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Smuts
mesh_terms: D019377:12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D015126:8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid / Q000097:blood; D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000097:blood*; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D012424:Rural Population; D013019:South Africa
chemical_list: D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D019377:12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid; C062894:17-hydroxy-4,7,10,13,15,19-docosahexaenoic acid; D015126:8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid
keywords: Allergy; Arachidonic acid; Fatty acid composition; Inflammation; Inflammation-resolving; Lipid mediator