title: Immunization against HTLV-I with chitosan and tri-methylchitosan nanoparticles loaded with recombinant env23 and env13 antigens of envelope protein gp46.
abstract: To prevent the spread of HTLV-I (Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1), a safe and effective vaccine is required. To increase immune responses against the peptide antigens can be potentiated with polymer-based nanoparticles, like chitosan (CHT) and trimethylchitosan (TMC), as delivery system/adjuvant. CHT and TMC nanoparticles loaded with recombinant proteins (env23 & env13) of gp46 were prepared by direct coating of antigens with positively charged polymers. The size of CHT and TMC nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with each antigen was about 400 nm. The physical stability of NPs was followed for 4 weeks. Both formulations showed to be stable for about 15 days. The immunogenicity of NPs loaded with antigens was studied after nasal and subcutaneous immunization in mice. Three immunizations (7.5 μg antigen) were performed with 2 weeks intervals. Two weeks after the last booster dose, sera IgG subtypes were measured. After subcutaneous administration, for both nanoparticulate antigens, serum IgG1 and IgGtotal levels were higher than antigen solution (P < 0.001). After nasal administration, for env23, IgG2a levels and IgG2a/IgG1 ratio was significantly higher than groups with subcutaneous administration (P < 0.001). Both nanoparticles showed good immunoadjuvant potential. Env23 antigen was a better candidate for vaccination against HTLV-I, as it induced higher cellular immune responses, compared with env13.
authors.affiliation: Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address: amirnasrm@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amirnasr
authors.affiliation: Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address: tannanfallah@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Tannan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fallah Tafti
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address: sankianm@mums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mojtaba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sankian
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address: rezaeer@mums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Abdorrahim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rezaei
authors.affiliation: Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address: tafaghodim@mums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tafaghodi
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004355:Drug Stability; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008297:Male; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015682:Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D004337:Drug Carriers; D015686:Gene Products, env; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; C118071:N-trimethyl chitosan chloride; D015682:Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014765:Viral Vaccines; C055266:gp46 protein, Human T-cell leukemia virus type I; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Chitosan nanoparticles; HTLV-I; Immunization; Tri-methylchitosan nanoparticles; gp46