title: Degree of corneal anaesthesia after topical application of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride and 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution in clinically normal cattle.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The use of corneal anaesthesia is necessary for a range of clinical purposes. Therefore, we assessed and compared the efficacy of corneal anaesthesia after application of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride and 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution in clinically normal cattle.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 24 clinically normal cows were allocated into two groups. Cows in group 1 (n = 12) received 0.2 mL of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride with fluorescein ophthalmic solution in one eye and 0.2 mL of sterile saline (0.9% NaCl) with fluorescein in the contralateral eye (control). Group 2 (n = 12) received 0.2 mL of 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride with fluorescein ophthalmic solution in one eye and 0.2 mL of 0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride with fluorescein in the contralateral eye (control). In each group, corneal touch threshold was determined by Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometer for both eyes immediately prior to topical administration of solutions, at 1 min and 5 min after administration of topical solutions and every 5 min thereafter for a total of 75 min.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant corneal anaesthesia was noted immediately following topical application of both oxybuprocaine and proparacaine as compared with controls, with maximal corneal anaesthesia noted 1 min after administration. Both oxybuprocaine and proparacaine produced significant corneal anaesthesia for the duration of the 75-min study. Neither oxybuprocaine hydrochloride nor proparacaine hydrochloride treatment resulted in visible adverse effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are limited data available demonstrating the efficacy and duration of corneal anaesthetic agents in cattle. Both oxybuprocaine hydrochloride and proparacaine hydrochloride should be considered practical options for providing corneal anaesthesia in cattle in a clinical setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Ross University College of Veterinary Medicine, Island Main Road, West farm, St Kitts 00265, West Indies. brlittle@rossvet.edu.kn.
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Little
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Ross University College of Veterinary Medicine, Island Main Road, West farm, St Kitts 00265, West Indies.
authors.forename: G St
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Jean
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University College of Veterinary Medicine, St Kitts, West Indies.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sithole
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Ross University College of Veterinary Medicine, Island Main Road, West farm, St Kitts 00265, West Indies.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Little
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Ross University College of Veterinary Medicine, Island Main Road, West farm, St Kitts 00265, West Indies.
authors.forename: K Yvorchuk-St
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Jean
mesh_terms: D060433:Administration, Ophthalmic / Q000662:veterinary; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003315:Cornea / Q000187:drug effects*; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011343:Procaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011430:Propoxycaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011343:Procaine; C005298:benoxinate; C005717:proxymetacaine; D011430:Propoxycaine
keywords: cattle; cornea; ophthalmology; oxybuprocaine; proparacaine