title: Conflict of interest between professional medical societies and industry: a cross-sectional study of Italian medical societies' websites.
abstract: To describe how Italian medical societies interact with pharmaceutical and medical device industries through an analysis of the information available on their websites.
  
  
  
  Cross sectional study.
  
  
  
  Italy.
  
  
  
  154 medical societies registered with the Italian Federation of Medical-Scientific Societies.
  
  
  
  Indicators of industry sponsorship (presence of industry sponsorship in the programme of the last medical societies' annual conference; presence of manufacturers' logos on the homepage; presence of industry sponsorship of satellite symposia during the last annual conference).
  
  
  
  131 Italian medical societies were considered. Of these, 4.6% had an ethical code covering relationships with industry on their websites, while 45.6% had a statute that mentioned the issue of conflict of interest and 6.1% published the annual financial report. With regard to industry sponsorship, 64.9% received private sponsorship for their last conference, 29.0% had manufacturers' logos on their webpage, while 35.9% had industry-sponsored satellite symposia at their last conference. The presence of an ethical code on the societies' websites was associated with both an increased risk of industry sponsorship of the last conference (relative risk (RR) 1.22, 95% CIs 1.01 to 1.48 after adjustment) and of conferences and/or satellite symposia (RR 1.22, 95% CIs 1.02 to 1.48 after adjustment) but not with the presence of manufacturers' logos on the websites (RR 1.79, 95% CIs 0.66 to 4.82 after adjustment). No association was observed with the other indicators of governance and transparency.
  
  
  
  This survey shows that industry sponsorship of Italian medical societies' conferences is common, while the presence of a structured regulatory system is not. Disclosure of the amount of industry funding to medical societies is scarce. The level of transparency therefore needs to be improved and the whole relationship between medical societies and industry should be further disciplined in order to avoid any potential for conflict of interest.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Research in Medical Pharmacology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Centre for International Health, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fabbri
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Hygiene and Clinical Epidemiology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gregoraci
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Science, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy Italian Medical Residents Committee of the Italian Society of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health (S It I), Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tedesco
authors.affiliation: Italian Medical Residents Committee of the Italian Society of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health (S It I), Rome, Italy Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Filippo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferretti
authors.affiliation: Italian Medical Residents Committee of the Italian Society of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health (S It I), Rome, Italy Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gilardi
authors.affiliation: Italian Medical Residents Committee of the Italian Society of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health (S It I), Rome, Italy Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Iemmi
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Cosima
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lisi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Centre for International Health, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lorusso
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Centre for International Health, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Natali
authors.affiliation: Italian Medical Residents Committee of the Italian Society of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health (S It I), Rome, Italy Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Edit
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shahi
authors.affiliation: Italian Medical Residents Committee of the Italian Society of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health (S It I), Rome, Italy Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rinaldi
mesh_terms: D016265:Conflict of Interest; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D030881:Disclosure; D004345:Drug Industry / Q000941:ethics*; D005378:Financial Support; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D007558:Italy; D010820:Physicians / Q000941:ethics*; D012955:Societies, Medical / Q000191:economics / Q000941:ethics*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Conflict of interest; Medical Societies; Pharmaceutical industry