title: Cardiac mitochondrial oxidative capacity is partly preserved after cryopreservation with dimethyl sulfoxide.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiac muscle cryopreservation is a challenge for both diagnostic procedure requiring viable tissues and therapeutic advance in regenerative medicine. Mitochondria are targets of both direct and indirect damages, secondary to congelation per se and/or to cryoprotectant's toxic effects, which participate to diminution of viability and/or functioning of cells after freezing. At the cardiac muscle level, only one study had investigated mitochondrial respiration after cryopreservation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of cryopreservation on mitochondrial respiration of cardiac muscle.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recorded mitochondrial respiration through complexes I, II, III and IV along with mitochondrial coupling in fresh and cryopreserved rat left ventricles samples and assessed difference of the means, correlation and agreement between the measures in all samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mitochondrial respiration was partly maintained up to 70% in cryopreserved samples whatever the substrate. A significant correlation was observed between fresh and cryopreserved samples (r = 0.71, p < 0.0001). However, mitochondrial coupling significantly decreased after cryopreservation (- 1.44 ± 0.15; p < 0.005) suggesting that mitochondrial intactness was not totally preserved by cryopreservation. Further, the fluctuations around the mean difference were wide (-14.06, +5.08 µmol/min/g), increasing with respiration rates (p < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thus, fresh samples extemporaneous analysis should be preferred when available despite the fact that cryopreservation using DMSO partly protect cardiac mitochondrial respiration and coupling. These data support the interest to further refine cryopreservation methods.
authors.affiliation: Federation de Medecine Translationnelle, Universite de Strasbourg; Service de Physiologie et dExplorations Fonctionnelles, Pole de Pathologie Thoracique Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.affiliation: Federation de Medecine Translationnelle, Universite de Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Charles
authors.affiliation: Federation de Medecine Translationnelle, Universite de Strasbourg; Service de Physiologie et dExplorations Fonctionnelles, Pole de Pathologie Thoracique Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Federation de Medecine Translationnelle, Universite de Strasbourg; Service de Physiologie et dExplorations Fonctionnelles, Pole de Pathologie Thoracique Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zoll
authors.affiliation: Federation de Medecine Translationnelle, Universite de Strasbourg; Service de Physiologie et dExplorations Fonctionnelles, Pole de Pathologie Thoracique Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Talha
authors.affiliation: Federation de Medecine Translationnelle, Universite de Strasbourg; Service de Physiologie et dExplorations Fonctionnelles, Pole de Pathologie Thoracique Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Enache
authors.affiliation: Federation de Medecine Translationnelle, Universite de Strasbourg; Service de Physiologie et dExplorations Fonctionnelles, Pole de Pathologie Thoracique Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chaarloux
authors.affiliation: Federation de Medecine Translationnelle, Universite de Strasbourg; Service de Physiologie et dExplorations Fonctionnelles, Pole de Pathologie Thoracique Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Inser-Horobeti
authors.affiliation: Federation de Medecine Translationnelle, Universite de Strasbourg; Service de Physiologie et dExplorations Fonctionnelles, Pole de Pathologie Thoracique Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France. Bernard.Geny@chru-strasbourg.fr.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Geny
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015925:Cryopreservation; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D009206:Myocardium; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide