title: A 13-Year Retrospective Study on Primary Liver Cancer in Cambodia: A Strikingly High Hepatitis C Occurrence among Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the main type of primary liver cancer (PLC) worldwide, but cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) may be predominant in some specific regions of Southeast Asia. The aim of the present study was to delineate a pattern of Cambodian PLC patients attending the Calmette Hospital in the Cambodian capital Phnom Penh.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 553 medical charts diagnosing PLCs from January 2003 to May 2015 were obtained from both the Oncology and Hepato-Gastroenterology Departments of the Calmette Hospital.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HCC was the predominant type of PLC recorded, with 511 cases (92.4%), whereas CCA represented merely 7.6% (42 cases) of the overall series. Hepatitis B virus (HBV; 44.3%) and hepatitis C virus (HCV; 43%) infection rates were similar among the HCC patients, while small subsets of CCA patients were infected with HBV (15.4%) or HCV (11.5%). Most HCC (84%) and CCA (73.8%) patients received palliative treatment only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study indicates that HCC is the main form of primary hepatic neoplasm among PLC patients attending a hospital in Cambodia. HBV and HCV infections represented equivalent burdens and major contributing factors to HCC. Therefore, the implementation of prevention programs for these infectious agents should become a priority for health policy makers in the country.
authors.affiliation: IRD, UPS, UMR 152 PHARMA-DEV, Facultx00E9; des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Universitx00E9; de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chassagne
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rojas Rojas
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bertani
authors.forename: Geneviève
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bourdy
authors.forename: Sokha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eav
authors.forename: Eloy
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pineau
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Deharo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D002160:Cambodia / Q000453:epidemiology; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase