title: Establishing a rat model for the study of vitamin K deficiency.
abstract: The main vitamin K-deficient model, minidose warfarin, is different from the pathological mechanism of vitamin K deficiency, which is a shortage of vitamin K. The objective of this study was to establish a new method of vitamin K-deficient model combining a vitamin K-deficient diet with the intragastrical administration of gentamicin in rats. The clotting was assayed by an automated coagulation analyser. The plasma PIVKA-II was assayed by ELISA. The vitamin K status was detected by an HPLC-fluorescence system. In the diet- and gentamicin-induced vitamin K-deficient 14-day group, the rats had undetected vitamin K1 and vitamin K2 in the liver and a prolonged APTT. In the 21-day group, there was also a prolonged PT and a decrease of the FIX activities. In the 28-day group, the undetected vitamin K1 and vitamin K2, the prolonged PT and APTT, and the decrease of the FII, FVII, FIX, and FX activities prompted the suggestion that there were serious deficiencies of vitamin K and vitamin K-dependent coagulation in rats. It is suggested that the diet- and gentamicin-induced vitamin K-deficient 14-day or 21-day model can be used for studies related to the status of vitamin K. The vitamin K-deficient 28-day model can be applied to research involving both the status of vitamin K and of vitamin K-dependent coagulation. In conclusion, the combination of a vitamin K-deficient diet with the administration of gentamicin results in a useful model of vitamin K-deficieny.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Yanni
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Dongzheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Nana
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ping
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Yanbing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Clinical Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Lihui
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Yongxiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests / Q000379:methods; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005839:Gentamicins; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time; D011517:Prothrombin Time; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D010837:Vitamin K 1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D014813:Vitamin K Deficiency / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors; D005839:Gentamicins; D024482:Vitamin K 2; D010837:Vitamin K 1
keywords: animal model; coagulation factor; gentamicin; vitamin K deficiency; warfarin