title: Relationship between super antigenicity, antimicrobial resistance and origin of Staphylococcus aureus isolated.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen that causes food poisoning as well as hospital and community acquired infections.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Establish the profile of superantigen genes among hospital isolates in relation to clinical specimen type, susceptibility to antibiotics and hospital or community acquisition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty one isolates obtained from patients at Colombian hospital, were classified by antimicrobial susceptibility, specimen type and hospital or community acquired . The PCR uniplex and multiplex was used for detection of 22 superantigen genes (18 enterotoxins, tsst-1 and three exfoliative toxins).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety five point one percent of isolates harbored one or more of the genes with an average of 5.6 genes. Prevalence of individual genes was variable and the most prevalent was seg (51.9%). Thirty nine genotypes were obtained, and the genotype gimnou (complete egc cluster) was the most prevalent alone (16.0%) and in association with other genes (13.6%). The correlation between presence of superantigens and clinical specimen or antimicrobial susceptibility showed no significant difference. But there was significant difference between presence of superantigens and the origin of the isolates, hospital or community acquired (p= 0.049).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results show the variability of the superantigen genes profile in hospital isolates and shows no conclusive relationship with the clinical sample type and antimicrobial susceptibility, but there was correlation with community and hospital isolates. The analysis of the interplay between virulence, epidemic and antibiotic resistance of bacterial populations is needed to predict the future of infectious diseases.
authors.affiliation: Montana State University. Montana USA.
authors.forename: Luisa Fernanda
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Corredor Arias
authors.affiliation: Centro de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira Colombia.
authors.forename: Jenna Samara
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Luligo Espinal
authors.affiliation: Centro de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira Colombia.
authors.forename: José Ignacio
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Moncayo Ortiz
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira Colombia.
authors.forename: Jorge Javier
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Santacruz Ibarra
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira Colombia.
authors.forename: Adalucy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Álvarez Aldana
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001483:Base Sequence; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000382:microbiology; D017931:DNA Primers; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D018089:Superantigens / Q000235:genetics*; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D018089:Superantigens
keywords: Staphylococcus aureus; antibiotic resistance; genetic variation; genotype; hospital infection; microbial sensivity; toxin