title: New advances in invasive aspergillosis immunobiology leading the way towards personalized therapeutic approaches.
abstract: Invasive aspergillosis (IA) remains a devastating disease in immune compromised patients despite significant advances in our understanding of fungal virulence and host defense mechanisms. In this review, we summarize important research advances in the fight against IA with particular focus on early events in the interactions between Aspergillus fumigatus and the host that occur in the respiratory tract. Advances in understanding mechanisms of immune effector cell recruitment, antifungal effector mechanisms, and how the dynamic host-fungal interaction alters the local microenvironment to effect outcomes are highlighted. These advances illustrate exciting new therapeutic opportunities, but also emphasize the importance of understanding each unique fungus-host interaction for improving patient outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States. Electronic address: Joshua.J.Obar@dartmouth.edu.
authors.forename: Joshua J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Obar
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States; Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States. Electronic address: hohlt@mskcc.org.
authors.forename: Tobias M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Hohl
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States. Electronic address: Robert.a.cramer.jr@dartmouth.edu.
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Cramer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D001232:Aspergillus fumigatus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D057285:Precision Medicine
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents
keywords: Antifungal effector; Aspergillus fumigatus; Fungal virulence; Invasive aspergillosis; Phagocytes