title: Experiential pleasure deficits in the prodrome: A study of emotional experiences in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis and recent-onset schizophrenia.
abstract: Previous studies report deficits in noncurrent but not current pleasure experience in schizophrenia, but little is known about pleasure experiences of the prodrome. This study investigated noncurrent and current pleasure experiences and its relationship with neurocognitive function and self-esteem in ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis and recent-onset schizophrenia (ROSPR).
  
  
  
  Twenty-four UHR, 25 ROSPR and 42 normal controls completed the physical and social anhedonia scales for noncurrent emotional experience and the laboratory-based assessment of valence and arousal evoked by positive, neutral and negative emotional stimuli for current emotional experience. Relationships of current and noncurrent emotional experience, episodic memory and self-esteem were investigated.
  
  
  
  For ROSPR, noncurrent pleasure, but not current pleasure evoked by positive stimuli, was diminished. Noncurrent anhedonia in ROSPR was related to episodic memory deficits and low self-esteem. In UHR subjects, both noncurrent pleasure and current pleasure to positive and neutral stimuli were diminished. Noncurrent anhedonia in UHR was not associated with episodic memory nor self-esteem. For arousal, ROSPR patients showed higher arousal than UHR subjects to positive stimuli.
  
  
  
  Findings indicate the presence of experiential hedonic deficits during the prodrome phase. Diminished noncurrent pleasure reports exist in ROSPR, which seems to be associated with cognitive deficits and low self-concept. Future research is needed to probe into further underlying mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Section of Affect and Neuroscience, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyungun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jhung
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Section of Affect and Neuroscience, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Section of Affect and Neuroscience, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yun Young
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Section of Affect and Neuroscience, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jee In
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Section of Affect and Neuroscience, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Section of Affect and Neuroscience, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Graduate Program in Cognitive Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: ansk@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Suk Kyoon
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: An
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D059445:Anhedonia / Q000502:physiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D057181:Pleasure / Q000502:physiology; D062706:Prodromal Symptoms; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D057566:Self Report; D055815:Young Adult