title: Liver involvement in human immunodeficiency virus infection.
abstract: The advances in management of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with highly effective anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) have resulted in increased longevity of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. AIDS-related illnesses now account for less than 50 % of the deaths, and liver diseases have emerged as the leading cause of death in patients with HIV infection. Chronic viral hepatitis, drug-related hepatotoxicity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and opportunistic infections are the common liver diseases that are seen in HIV-infected individuals. Because of the shared routes of transmission, co-infections with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are very common in HIV-infected persons. Hepatitis C is the most common viral hepatitis seen in HIV-infected patients. With the availability of directly acting agents, treatment outcome of HCV is comparable to that seen in non HIV-infected patients. Careful monitoring is required for drug interactions and drug-induced hepatotoxicity and modification of drugs should be done where necessary. The results of liver transplantation in select HIV-infected patients can be comparable with those of HIV-negative patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, 411 040, India. puripankaj@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Pankaj
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Puri
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, 411 040, India.
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects*; D060085:Coinfection; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents
keywords: Hepatotoxicity; Highly effective anti-retroviral therapy (HAART); Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); Liver disease