title: Galectin-3: A key player in arthritis.
abstract: Arthritis is more and more considered as the leading reason for the disability in the world, particularly regarding its main entities, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. The common feature of arthritis is inflammation, which is mainly supported by synovitis (synovial inflammation), although the immune system plays a primary role in rheumatoid arthritis and a secondary one in osteoarthritis. During the inflammatory phase of arthritis, many pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators are secreted by infiltrating immune and resident joint cells, which are responsible for cartilage degradation and excessive bone remodeling. Amongst them, a β-galactoside-binding lectin, galectin-3, has been reported to be highly expressed and secreted by inflamed synovium of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients. Furthermore, galectin-3 has been demonstrated to induce joint swelling and osteoarthritis-like lesions after intra-articular injection in laboratory animals. However, the mechanisms underlying its pathophysiological role in arthritis have not been fully elucidated. This review deals with the characterization of arthritis features and galectin-3 and summarizes our current knowledge of the contribution of galectin-3 to joint tissue lesions in arthritis.
authors.affiliation: UMR 7365, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, IMoPA, Biopôle de l'Université de Lorraine, Campus Biologie-Santé, Faculté de Médecine, 9, avenue de la Forêt-de-Haye, CS50184, 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France; Department of orthopedics, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: UMR 7365, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, IMoPA, Biopôle de l'Université de Lorraine, Campus Biologie-Santé, Faculté de Médecine, 9, avenue de la Forêt-de-Haye, CS50184, 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France; Département de Pharmacologie Clinique et Toxicologie, CHRU de Nancy, 54035 Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Mélissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yéléhé-Okouma
authors.affiliation: Service de rhumatologie, Centre Viggo-Petersen, Pôle appareil locomoteur, Hôpital Lariboisière, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France; Inserm UMR-S 1132 Bioscar, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, 75013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Hang-Korng
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Ea
authors.affiliation: UMR 7365, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, IMoPA, Biopôle de l'Université de Lorraine, Campus Biologie-Santé, Faculté de Médecine, 9, avenue de la Forêt-de-Haye, CS50184, 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France; Département de Pharmacologie Clinique et Toxicologie, CHRU de Nancy, 54035 Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Yves
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jouzeau
authors.affiliation: UMR 7365, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, IMoPA, Biopôle de l'Université de Lorraine, Campus Biologie-Santé, Faculté de Médecine, 9, avenue de la Forêt-de-Haye, CS50184, 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France. Electronic address: pascal.reboul@univ-lorraine.fr.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reboul
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012380:Role; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D037502:Galectin 3
keywords: Bone; Cartilage; Galectin-3; Osteoarthritis; Rheumatoid arthritis; Synovitis