title: HDlive Silhouette Mode With Spatiotemporal Image Correlation for Assessment of the Fetal Heart.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this article is to present our experience with normal and abnormal fetal cardiac structures reconstructed in the HDlive silhouette mode (GE Healthcare Japan, Tokyo, Japan) with spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two fetuses with normal hearts and 1 fetus with a congenital heart anomaly (Ebstein anomaly) at 20 to 36 weeks' gestation were studied in the HDlive silhouette mode with STIC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In normal fetal hearts, 4 cardiac chambers and crisscross arrangements of the pulmonary artery and aorta were clearly identified. This modality facilitated visualization of the relationships and course of the outflow and inflow tracts, thus helping the operators more effectively understand the spatial relationships among the cardiac chambers and vessels. The opening and closing of mitral, tricuspid, pulmonary, and aortic valves were ascertained in the en face view of both atrioventricular valves and great vessels. In the fetus with Ebstein anomaly, a low attachment of the tricuspid valve and an enlarged right atrium were evident.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The HDlive silhouette mode with STIC provides new visual experiences for physicians, owing to the anatomically clear depiction of fetal cardiac structures, and it may be an easier way to depict the spatial relationships among fetal cardiac chambers, great arteries, and veins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Kagawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kagawa, Japan toshi28@med.kagawa-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.affiliation: Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Kagawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Mohamed Ahmed Mostafa
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: AboEllail
authors.affiliation: Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Kagawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Suraphan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sajapala
authors.affiliation: GE Yokogawa Medical Systems, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Mari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Masaoka Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masaoka
mesh_terms: D019561:Echocardiography, Four-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005318:Fetal Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Ebstein anomaly; HDlive silhouette mode; en face view; fetal cardiac structure; fetal echocardiography; great artery; inferior vena cava; normal fetal heart; spatiotemporal image correlation; superior vena cava