title: [Clinical characters of pre-malignant and malignant polyp in postmenopausal women and the diagnostic value of hysteroscopy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the clinical characteristics of pre-malignant and malignant polyps in postmenopausal patients and to evaluate the diagnositic value of hysteroscopy in this disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  From June 2005 to October 2014, 403 postmenopausal patients with polyps were treated in the Gynecologic Minimally Invasive Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital. There were 27 patients including 22 patients with pre-malignant and 5 patients with malignant polyps. All malignant lesions were endometrioid adenocarcinoma. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Based on pathology, the diagnostic value of hysteroscopy was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS: there were 27 cases with pre-malignant and malignant polyps (group 1) and 376 cases with benign polyps (group 2). Compared the two groups, the average age was (60±8) vs (58±6) years old, the period of menopause was (9.8±8.1) vs (8.3±6.9) years. Thirteen cases (48.1%, 13/27) in group 1 and 159 cases (42.3%, 159/376) in group 2 had clinical symptoms including postmenopausal bleeding and vaginal discharge. Twelve cases (44.4%, 12/27) in group 1 and 140 cases (37.2%, 140/376) in group 2 were with hypertension. Five cases (18.5%, 5/27) in group 1 and 43 cases (11.4%, 43/376) in group 2 were with diabetes. The measures above were no significant differences (P>0.05) (2) Ultrasound features: the average thick of endometrium in group 1 and group 2 were respectively (1.3±0.7) and (0.8±0.4) cm, which had statistical significance (t=4.98, P=0.001). (3) Hysteroscopic diagnosis: the average diameters of polyp in group 1 and group 2 were respectively (2.4±1.0) and (1.6±1.0) cm, which had statistical significance (t=2.93, P=0.004). Six cases in group 1 were diagnosed by hysteroscopy including 4 cases of malignant polyp and 2 cases of pre-malignant polyp. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and the accuracy were 22.2% (6/27), 100.0% (376/376), 100.0% (6/6), 94.7% (376/397) and 94.8% (382/403), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pre-malignant and malignant endometrial polyps are more common in the subjects with the larger diameters and the thicker endometrium. All polyps should be under complete resection by hysteroscopy and through pathology examination.
authors.affiliation: Gynecologic Minimally Invasive Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100006, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Duan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018269:Carcinoma, Endometrioid; D004717:Endometrium / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006176:Gynecology; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009774:Obstetrics; D011127:Polyps / Q000473:pathology*; D017698:Postmenopause; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000473:pathology*; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*