title: Effects of light-emitting diode spectra on the vertebrate ancient long opsin and gonadotropin hormone in the goldfish Carassius auratus.
abstract: We determined the molecular mechanism underlying the environmental (photoperiodic) regulation of sexual maturation in fish, we examined the expression of sexual maturation-related hormones and vertebrate ancient long opsin (VAL-opsin) in goldfish (Carassius auratus) exposed to different light spectra (red and green light-emitting diodes). We further evaluated the effect of exogenous gonadotropin hormone (GTH) on the expression of VAL-opsin under different light conditions. Our results demonstrated that the expression of GTHs was higher in the fish exposed to green light, and VAL-opsin levels were increased in the fish receiving GTH injection. Therefore, we have uncovered a molecular mechanism underlying the environmental (light)-induced trigger for sexual maturation: VAL-opsin is activated by green light and GTH, which promotes the expression of sexual maturation genes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, 49112, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Ah
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, 49112, South Korea.
authors.forename: Na Na
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, 49112, South Korea.
authors.forename: Young Jae
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, 49112, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Jeju Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Jeju, 63068, South Korea.
authors.forename: Bong-Seok
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Marine BioScience, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, 49112, South Korea. Electronic address: choic@kmou.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Cheol Young
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000528:radiation effects; D006054:Goldfish / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006065:Gonadotropins, Pituitary / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008027:Light; D055355:Opsins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012741:Sexual Maturation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: D029941:Fish Proteins; D006065:Gonadotropins, Pituitary; D055355:Opsins; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: Gonadotropin hormone; Light-emitting diode spectra; Reproductive hormone; Vertebrate ancient long opsin