title: Assessing Anger Expression: Construct Validity of Three Emotion Expression-Related Measures.
abstract: Self-report measures of emotional expression are common, but their validity to predict objective emotional expression, particularly of anger, is unclear. We tested the validity of the Anger Expression Inventory (AEI; Spielberger et al., 1985 ), Emotional Approach Coping Scale (EAC; Stanton, Kirk, Cameron, & Danoff-Burg, 2000 ), and Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20; Bagby, Taylor, & Parker, 1994 ) to predict objective anger expression in 95 adults with chronic back pain. Participants attempted to solve a difficult computer maze by following the directions of a confederate who treated them rudely and unjustly. Participants then expressed their feelings for 4 min. Blinded raters coded the videos for anger expression, and a software program analyzed expression transcripts for anger-related words. Analyses related each questionnaire to anger expression. The AEI Anger-Out scale predicted greater anger expression, as expected, but AEI Anger-In did not. The EAC Emotional Processing scale predicted less anger expression, but the EAC Emotional Expression scale was unrelated to anger expression. Finally, the TAS-20 predicted greater anger expression. Findings support the validity of the AEI Anger-Out scale but raise questions about the other measures. The assessment of emotional expression by self-report is complex and perhaps confounded by general emotional experience, the specificity or generality of the emotion(s) assessed, and self-awareness limitations. Performance-based or clinician-rated measures of emotion expression are needed.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , Wayne State University.
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Jasinski
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , Wayne State University.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lumley
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , Wayne State University.
authors.forename: Deborah V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Latsch
authors.affiliation: b Department of Behavioral Sciences , Rush University Medical Center.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schuster
authors.affiliation: b Department of Behavioral Sciences , Rush University Medical Center.
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kinner
authors.affiliation: b Department of Behavioral Sciences , Rush University Medical Center.
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Burns
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000786:Anger / Q000502:physiology*; D019260:Expressed Emotion / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D057566:Self Report; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires