title: Flavobacterium verecundum sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater river.
abstract: Strain TTM-46T, isolated from a water sample taken from the Caohu River in Taiwan, was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomy approach. Cells of TTM-46T were Gram-staining-negative, strictly aerobic, motile by gliding, rod-shaped, surrounded by a thick capsule and formedyellowish-green colored colonies. Growth occurred at 20-30 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 6-8 (optimum, pH 7) and with 0-0.3 % NaCl (optimum, 0 % w/v). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16 S rRNA gene sequences showed that TTM-46T represented a member of the genus Flavobacterium and was most closely related to Flavobacterium columnare IFO 15943T and Flavobacterium brevivitae TTM-43T with a sequence similarity of 96.9 % for both. TTM-46T contained iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 9 (iso-C17 : 1ω9c and/or 10-methyl C16 : 0), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c) as the predominant fatty acids. The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-6. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, four uncharacterized aminophospholipids and five uncharacterized phospholipids. The major polyamine was homospermidine. The genomic DNA G+C content of TTM-46T was 39 mol%. On the basis of the phylogenetic inference and phenotypic data, TTM-46T was recognized as a representative of a novel species within the genus Flavobacterium. The name Flavobacterium verecundum sp. nov. is proposed, with TTM-46T (=BCRC 80914T=LMG 29005T=KCTC 42745T) as the type strain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Marine University, No.142, Hai-Chuan Rd. Nan-Tzu, Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Shih-Yi
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Sheu
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, No. 142, Hai-Chuan Rd. Nan-Tzu, Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Yi-Ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, No. 142, Hai-Chuan Rd. Nan-Tzu, Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Wen-Ming
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005417:Flavobacterium / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D045483:Rivers / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013624:Taiwan; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010743:Phospholipids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D024482:Vitamin K 2; C042455:menaquinone 6