title: Dietary patterns and changes in cardiovascular risk factors in apparently healthy Chinese women: a longitudinal study.
abstract: Little is known of the relationships between dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk factors in China. We therefore designed a 3-year longitudinal study to evaluate the impacts of dietary patterns on changes in these factors among Chinese women. A total of 1,028 subjects who received health examination in 2011 and 2014 were recruited. Three major dietary patterns ("vegetable pattern", "meat pattern", and "animal offal-dessert-and-alcohol pattern") were derived by principal component analysis based on validated food frequency questionnaires. Cardiovascular risk factors were standardized to create within-cohort z-scores and the changes in them were calculated as the differences between 2011 and 2014. Relationships between dietary patterns and changes in cardiovascular risk factors were assessed using general linear model. After adjustment for potential confounders, changes in total cholesterol and fasting blood glucose decreased across the tertiles of vegetable pattern (p for trend = 0.01 and 0.04, respectively). While, changes in diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol increased across the tertiles of animal offal-dessert-and-alcohol pattern (p for trend = 0.02, 0.01, and 0.02, respectively). The findings suggest that vegetable pattern was beneficially related to cardiovascular risk factors, whereas animal offal-dessert-and-alcohol pattern was detrimental related to these factors among apparently healthy Chinese women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors.forename: Meilin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Health Education and Guidance Center of Heping District, Tianjin 300040, China.
authors.forename: Weiqiao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Health Education and Guidance Center of Heping District, Tianjin 300040, China.
authors.forename: Yuwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China.
authors.forename: Yuxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors.forename: Guowei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huang
keywords: Chinese women; cardiovascular risk factors; dietary pattern; longitudinal study; principal component analysis