title: Exploitable Lipids and Fatty Acids in the Invasive Oyster Crassostrea gigas on the French Atlantic Coast.
abstract: Economic exploitation is one means to offset the cost of controlling invasive species, such as the introduced Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas Thunberg) on the French Atlantic coast. Total lipid and phospholipid (PL) fatty acids (FAs) and sterols were examined in an invasive population of C. gigas in Bourgneuf Bay, France, over four successive seasons, with a view to identify possible sources of exploitable substances. The total lipid level (% dry weight) varied from 7.1% (winter) to 8.6% (spring). Of this, PLs accounted for 28.1% (spring) to 50.4% (winter). Phosphatidylcholine was the dominant PL throughout the year (up to 74% of total PLs in winter). Plasmalogens were identified throughout the year as a series of eleven dimethylacetals (DMAs) with chain lengths between C16 and C20 (up to 14.5% of PL FAs + DMAs in winter). Thirty-seven FAs were identified in the PL FAs. Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3 EPA/7.53% to 14.5%) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3 DHA/5.51% to 9.5%) were the dominant polyunsaturated FAs in all seasons. Two non-methylene-interrupted dienoic (NMID) FAs were identified in all seasons: 7,13-docosadienoic and 7,15-docosadienoic acids, the latter being present at relatively high levels (up to 9.6% in winter). Twenty free sterols were identified, including cholesterol at 29.9% of the sterol mixture and about 33% of phytosterols. C. gigas tissues thus contained exploitable lipids for health benefits or as a potential source of high-quality commercial lecithin.
authors.affiliation: Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes, Groupe Mer, Molécules, Santé-EA 2160, Institut Universitaire Mer et Littoral FR3473 CNRS, 9 rue Bias, BP 53508, F-44035 Nantes Cedex 1, France. flore.dagorn@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Flore
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dagorn
authors.affiliation: Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes, Groupe Mer, Molécules, Santé-EA 2160, Institut Universitaire Mer et Littoral FR3473 CNRS, 9 rue Bias, BP 53508, F-44035 Nantes Cedex 1, France. aurelie.couzinet-mossion@univ-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: Aurélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Couzinet-Mossion
authors.affiliation: Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes, Groupe Mer, Molécules, Santé-EA 2160, Institut Universitaire Mer et Littoral FR3473 CNRS, 9 rue Bias, BP 53508, F-44035 Nantes Cedex 1, France. melha.kendel@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Melha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kendel
authors.affiliation: Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes, Groupe Mer, Molécules, Santé-EA 2160, Institut Universitaire Mer et Littoral FR34473 CNRS, 2 rue de La Houssinière BP 92208, F-44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France. Peter.Beninger@univ-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: Peter G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Beninger
authors.affiliation: Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes, Groupe Mer, Molécules, Santé-EA 2160, Institut Universitaire Mer et Littoral FR3473 CNRS, 9 rue Bias, BP 53508, F-44035 Nantes Cedex 1, France. vony.rabesaotra@univ-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: Vony
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rabesaotra
authors.affiliation: Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes, Groupe Mer, Molécules, Santé-EA 2160, Institut Universitaire Mer et Littoral FR3473 CNRS, 9 rue Bias, BP 53508, F-44035 Nantes Cedex 1, France. gilles.barnathan@univ-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barnathan
authors.affiliation: Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes, Groupe Mer, Molécules, Santé-EA 2160, Institut Universitaire Mer et Littoral FR3473 CNRS, 9 rue Bias, BP 53508, F-44035 Nantes Cedex 1, France. Wielgosz-Collin@univ-nantes.fr.
authors.forename: Gaëtane
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wielgosz-Collin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D049896:Crassostrea / Q000378:metabolism*; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism; D005602:France; D054709:Lecithins / Q000378:metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000502:physiology*; D010955:Plasmalogens / Q000378:metabolism; D012758:Shellfish; D013261:Sterols / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D054709:Lecithins; D008055:Lipids; D010955:Plasmalogens; D013261:Sterols; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D002784:Cholesterol; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid
keywords: Crassostrea gigas; bivalve; fatty acids; health and nutrition; mollusc; non-methylene interrupted fatty acids; phospholipids; plasmalogens; seasonal variations