title: Association between serum bile acid profiles and gestational diabetes mellitus: A targeted metabolomics study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Given the potential influence of aberrant bile acid metabolism on glucose homeostasis, we hypothesized that serum bile acid metabolism is altered in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We characterized the metabolic profiling changes of serum bile acids in GDM and to find the potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of GDM.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography/hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, a targeted metabolomics study that involved targeted and untargeted screening techniques was performed to explore the changes in serum bile acid metabolism of GDM cases, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) cases and healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 3 significantly different profiling of serum bile acids for GDM, ICP and controls. Compared to the controls, GDM individuals demonstrated significant increases in 8 bile acid species, including 2 dihydroxy conjugated, 1 trihydroxy unconjugated and 5 sulfated bile acids. β-muricholic acid (β-MCA) and di-2 were well-suited to use as the metabolic markers for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of GDM, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These preliminary findings revealed the protective effect of body against cytotoxicity via elimination of increased sulfated bile acids and aberrant enzyme activity participated in the cycle β-MCA→hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) of the bile acid metabolism pathway for the women with GDM, which gave us further insights into the etiology and pathophysiology of GDM.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
authors.forename: Jieying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
authors.forename: Biao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaoqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
authors.forename: Linlin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhenghu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China. Electronic address: dingmin@cqmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D055432:Metabolomics; D011247:Pregnancy; D011786:Quality Control
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts
keywords: Bile acid; Biomarker; Gestational diabetes mellitus; Metabolic profiling; Serum; Ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography/hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry