title: ROS, Cell Senescence, and Novel Molecular Mechanisms in Aging and Age-Related Diseases.
abstract: The aging process worsens the human body functions at multiple levels, thus causing its gradual decrease to resist stress, damage, and disease. Besides changes in gene expression and metabolic control, the aging rate has been associated with the production of high levels of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and/or Reactive Nitrosative Species (RNS). Specific increases of ROS level have been demonstrated as potentially critical for induction and maintenance of cell senescence process. Causal connection between ROS, aging, age-related pathologies, and cell senescence is studied intensely. Senescent cells have been proposed as a target for interventions to delay the aging and its related diseases or to improve the diseases treatment. Therapeutic interventions towards senescent cells might allow restoring the health and curing the diseases that share basal processes, rather than curing each disease in separate and symptomatic way. Here, we review observations on ROS ability of inducing cell senescence through novel mechanisms that underpin aging processes. Particular emphasis is addressed to the novel mechanisms of ROS involvement in epigenetic regulation of cell senescence and aging, with the aim to individuate specific pathways, which might promote healthy lifespan and improve aging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Pierpaola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Davalli
authors.affiliation: Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8HW, UK.
authors.forename: Tijana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mitic
authors.affiliation: University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16-4TJ, UK.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caporali
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lauriola
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, 00136 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: D'Arca
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016922:Cellular Senescence; D006801:Humans; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species