title: In vitro metabolism of l-corydalmine, a potent analgesic drug, in human, cynomolgus monkey, beagle dog, rat and mouse liver microsomes.
abstract: l-Corydalmine (l-CDL) was under development as an oral analgesic agent, exhibiting potent analgesic activity in preclinical models. The objective of this study was to compare metabolic profiles of l-CDL in liver microsomes from mouse, rat, monkey, dog and human. Six metabolites (M1-M6) were identified using LC-Q/TOF in liver microsomes from the five species. The metabolism of l-CDL included O-demethylation (M1-3) and hydroxylation (M4-6). The desmethyl metabolites were the major ones among the five species, which accounted for more than 84%. Data from chemical inhibition in human liver microsomes (HLM) and human recombinant CYP450s demonstrated that CYP2D6 exhibited strong catalytic activity towards M1 and M2 formations, while CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 also catalyzed M2 formation. Formations of M3 and hydroxyl metabolites (M4 and M5) were mainly catalyzed by CYP3A4. Further studies showed that M1 and M2 were main metabolites in HLM. The kinetics of M1 and M2 formations in HLM and recombinant CYP450s were also investigated. The results showed that M1 and M2 formations in HLM and recombinant CYP2D6 characterized biphasic kinetics, whereas sigmoid Vmax model was better used to fit M2 formation by recombinant CYP2C9 and CYP2C19. The contributions of CYP2D6 to M1 and M2 formations in HLM were estimated to be 75.3% and 50.7%, respectively. However, the contributions of CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 to M2 formation were only 5.0% and 4.1%, respectively. All these data indicated that M1 and M2 were main metabolites in HLM, and CYP2D6 was the primary enzyme responsible for their formations.
authors.affiliation: Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Xiange
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Xinyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Di
authors.affiliation: Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Zeyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Qiushi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Zhaoli
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.affiliation: Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Kaijing
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Zhongjian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China. Electronic address: liulee@cpu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China. Electronic address: xdliu@cpu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001599:Berberine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D006900:Hydroxylation; D007700:Kinetics; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D051379:Mice; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D001599:Berberine; C058198:corydalmine; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
keywords: Cytochrome P450s; Hepatic microsomes; Interspecies difference; Metabolism; l-Corydalmine