title: Family presence during management of acute deterioration: Clinician attitudes, beliefs and perceptions of current practices.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The nature of acute clinical deterioration has changed over the last three decades with a decrease in in-hospital cardiac arrests and an increase in acute clinical deterioration. Despite this change, research related to family presence continues to focus on care during resuscitation rather than during acute deterioration.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore healthcare clinician attitudes, beliefs and perceptions of current practices surrounding family presence during episodes of acute deterioration in adult Emergency Department patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinicians (n=156) from a single study site in Melbourne, Australia completed a 17-item survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants disagreed that family members would interrupt (59.0%) or interfere (61.5%) with patient care if present during episodes of patient deterioration. Most (77.6%) participants stated that they included family during episodes of patient deterioration. Females, nurses and Australians/New Zealanders had a more positive attitude towards including family during episodes of patient deterioration when compared to males, doctors and clinicians of other ethnicities. Nurses with post-graduate qualifications and those with more years of experience had a more positive attitude towards including family during episodes of patient deterioration than nurses without post-graduation qualification and with less years of experience.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinicians had predominantly positive attitudes towards including family during episodes of patient deterioration and perceived it to be a common day-to-day practice. Gender, profession, country of birth, education level and years of experience all impacted on clinician attitudes, beliefs and perceptions of family presence during acute deterioration.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia; Ballarat Base Hospital, 1 Drummond Street N, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia; Northern Hospital, 185 Cooper Street, Epping, VIC 3076, Australia. Electronic address: megany@bhs.org.au.
authors.forename: Megan J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Youngson
authors.affiliation: Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery/Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Currey
authors.affiliation: Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery/Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia; Eastern Health - Deakin University Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Level 2, 5 Arnold Street, Box Hill, VIC 3128, Australia.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Considine
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D018450:Disease Progression; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011364:Professional Practice; D012151:Resuscitation / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014739:Victoria; D014789:Visitors to Patients / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Attitudes; Clinical deterioration; Emergency medicine; Emergency nursing; Family research; Resuscitation