title: Magnolol pretreatment attenuates heat stress-induced IEC-6 cell injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Heat stress (HS) is an important environmental stressor that adversely influences livestock during the summer. The aim of this study was to investigate whether magnolol protects against HS-induced intestinal epithelial cell injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  An intestinal epithelial cell line (IEC-6) was subjected to HS at 42 °C, with and without magnolol pretreatment. Cell injury was detected by monitoring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) assay was used to assess cell proliferation and viability, including identifying effective concentrations of magnolol. Flow cytometry confirmed G1-phase cell-cycle arrest and its alleviation by magnolol. Active DNA synthesis was measured by incorporation of nucleic acid 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU). G1-phase cell-cycle-related gene expression was assessed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and levels of G1-phase-related proteins by Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HS induced IEC-6 cell injury and decreased cell viability, as demonstrated by data from LDH and MTS assays, respectively. Based on a number of criteria, IEC-6 cells subjected to HS were arrested in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Magnolol pretreatment decreased HS-induced cell injury through relief of this cell-cycle arrest.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Magnolol pretreatment attenuates HS-induced injury in IEC-6 cells. Magnolol is potentially promising as a protective strategy for HS in livestock.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University (CAU), Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Sha-Sha
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University (CAU), Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Ya-Ran
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Hong
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: An
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lyu
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Feng-Hua
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Lin-Shu
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D059585:G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D017705:Lignans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D017705:Lignans; C005498:magnolol; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
keywords: Cell injury; Cell-cycle arrest; Heat stress; IEC-6 cell line; Magnolol