title: Psychiatric disorders and symptoms severity in pre-school children with cow's milk allergy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Psychiatric disorders are seen frequently in atopic diseases. The present study aims to evaluate the frequency of psychiatric disorders and the severity of psychiatric symptoms in pre-school children with cow's milk allergy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The parents of the pre-school children with cow's milk allergy were interviewed in person and asked to fill out the Early Childhood Inventory-4 form.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cow's milk allergy group included 40 children (27 male, 13 female) with mean age, 44.5±14.7 months, and the control group included 41 children (25 male, 16 female) with mean age, 47.6±15.2 months. It was established that 65% of the group with cow's milk allergy received at least one psychiatric diagnosis, while 36.6% of the control group received at least one psychiatric diagnosis, with a statistically significant difference (p=0.02). Within the psychiatric disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (odds ratio: 4.9, 95% CI: 1.472-16.856, p=0.006), oppositional defiant disorder (odds ratio: 5.6, 95% CI: 1.139-28.128, p=0.026), and attachment disorder (odds ratio: 4.8, 95% CI: 1.747-13.506, p=0.004) were found significantly higher compared with the healthy control group. When the groups were compared in terms of psychiatric symptom severity scores, calculated by using the Early Childhood Inventory-4 form, attention deficit hyperactivity disorders severity (p=0.006) and oppositional defiant disorder severity (p=0.037) were found to be higher in the cow's milk allergy group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Psychiatric disorders are frequent and severe in pre-school children with cow's milk allergy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Inonu University Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Malatya, Turkey. Electronic address: erdemtopal44@gmail.com.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Topal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Inonu University Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Catal
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Inonu University Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Soylu
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Inonu University Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: O O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Ozcan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Celiksoy
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Babayiğit
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine, Aydın, Turkey.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Erge
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Inonu University Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: H T E
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Karakoç
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sancak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002417:Cattle; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016269:Milk Hypersensitivity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D019962:Reactive Attachment Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Attachment disorder; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Cow's milk allergy; ECI-4; Oppositional defiant disorder