title: Characterization of extracellular polymeric substances of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9 induced by root exudates of cucumber.
abstract: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9 is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPRs) that forms biofilm on the roots of plants and protects them from a variety of pathogens. In this study, we reported the effect of root exudates produced by cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) at different developmental stages on the biochemical composition of the biofilm matrix of SQR9. The results showed that the amino acids present in the root exudates of cucumber were responsible for triggering biofilm formation of SQR9. In addition, when root exudates harvested at different growth phases of cucumber were used as carbon sources for biofilm formation, the resulting biofilm matrixes differed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The biofilm matrix was mostly composed of amino groups observed by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) hence the proteins formed the major component of the resulting extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The potential use of amino acid-based dietary supplements to control biofilm formation in the plants may be a viable option to improve agricultural productivity by recruiting beneficial association with PGPRs in the manufacture of bio fertilizers or bio controls.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Veronicah Njeri
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Kimani
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yunpeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Waseem
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Raza
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Egerton University, Njoro, Kenya.
authors.forename: Lewis Kamau
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Mungai
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qirong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Lab and Engineering Center for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China.|Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ruifu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000069977:Bacillus amyloliquefaciens / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D001704:Biopolymers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D018553:Cucumis sativus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology; D058441:Rhizosphere
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001704:Biopolymers
keywords: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9; Confocal laser scanning microscopy; Cucumber; Extracellular polymeric substances; Root exudates