title: Lithium attenuates the proconvulsant effect of adolescent social isolation stress via involvement of the nitrergic system.
abstract: In this study, we tested whether acute administration of lithium mitigates the deleterious effect of adolescent social isolation stress (SIS) on seizure susceptibility. In comparison with socially conditioned (SC) mice, isolated conditioned (IC) mice exhibited an increase in seizure susceptibility to pentylenetetrazole. Acute administration of lithium (10mg/kg) reversed the proconvulsant effect of SIS in IC mice, but this effect was not observed in SC mice. Coadministration of subthreshold doses of lithium (3mg/kg) with nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors reversed the effect of SIS on seizure susceptibility and decreased hippocampal nitrite levels in IC animals. In addition, a subthreshold dose of a nitric oxide precursor reduced the protective effect of lithium on seizure susceptibility and increased nitrite levels in the hippocampus of IC mice. These results suggest that lithium exerts a protective influence against the proconvulsant effect of adolescent SIS via a nitrergic system that includes activation of neuronal NOS in the hippocampus.
authors.affiliation: Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
authors.forename: Shayan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amiri
authors.affiliation: Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Arya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haj-Mirzaian
authors.affiliation: Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Amini-Khoei
authors.affiliation: Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shirzadian
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rahimi-Balaei
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Razmi
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bergen
authors.affiliation: Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
authors.forename: Mojgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rastegar
authors.affiliation: Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Nastaran
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kordjazy
authors.affiliation: Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Arvin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haj-Mirzaian
authors.affiliation: Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Shahram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ejtemai-Mehr
authors.affiliation: Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: dehpour@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ahmad Reza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Dehpour
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003292:Convulsants; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D018021:Lithium Chloride / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012934:Social Isolation / Q000523:psychology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D013550:Swimming / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D003292:Convulsants; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D018021:Lithium Chloride; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole
keywords: Adolescence; Lithium; Nitrergic system; Seizure; Social isolation stress