title: Associations between body fat distribution, insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia in black and white South African women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to examine differences in body fat distribution between premenopausal black and white South African (SA) women and explore the ethnic-specific associations with cardiometabolic risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Body composition, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and computerised tomography, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and lipid levels were assessed in 288 black and 197 white premenopausal SA women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to the white women, black women had less central and more peripheral (lower-body) fat, and lower serum lipid and glucose concentrations, but similar homeostasis models for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values. The associations between body fat distribution and HOMA-IR, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were similar, while the associations with fasting glucose, total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels differed between black and white women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ethnic differences in body fat distribution are associated, in part, with differences in cardiometabolic risk between black and white SA women.
authors.affiliation: Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Dheshnie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Keswell
authors.affiliation: Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Mehreen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tootla
authors.affiliation: Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Non-communicable Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa. Email: Julia.goedecke@mrc.ac.za.
authors.forename: Julia H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Goedecke
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D050154:Adiposity / Q000208:ethnology*; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D044383:Black People; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology*; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000208:ethnology*; D008019:Life Style / Q000208:ethnology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology*; D017697:Premenopause / Q000208:ethnology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids