title: Assessment of cellular materials generated by co-cultured 'inflamed' and healthy periodontal ligament stem cells from patient-matched groups.
abstract: Recently, stem cells derived from the'inflamed' periodontal ligament (PDL) tissue of periodontally diseased teeth (I-PDLSCs) have been increasingly suggested as a more readily accessible source of cells for regenerative therapies than those derived from healthy PDL tissue (H-PDLSCs). However, substantial evidence indicates that I-PDLSCs exhibit impaired functionalities compared with H-PDLSCs. In this study, patient-matched I-PDLSCs and H-PDLSCs were co-cultured at various ratios. Cellular materials derived from these cultures were investigated regarding their osteogenic potential in vitro and capacity to form new bone following in vivo transplantation. While patient-matched I-PDLSCs and H-PDLSCs could co-exist in co-culture systems, the proportion of I-PDLSCs tended to increase during in vitro incubation. Compared with H-PDLSC monoculture, the presence of I-PDLSCs in the co-cultures appeared to enhance the overall cell proliferation. Although not completely rescued, the osteogenic and regenerative potentials of the cellular materials generated by co-cultured I-PDLSCs and H-PDLSCs were significantly improved compared with those derived from I-PDLSC monocultures. Notably, cells in co-cultures containing either 50% I-PDLSCs plus 50% H-PDLSCs or 25% I-PDLSCs plus 75% H-PDLSCs expressed osteogenesis-related proteins and genes at levels similar to those expressed in H-PDLSC monocultures (P>0.05). Irrespective of the percentage of I-PDLSCs, robust cellular materials were obtained from co-cultures with 50% or more H-PDLSCs, which exhibited equivalent potential to form new bone in vivo compared with sheets generated by H-PDLSC monocultures. These data suggest that the co-culture of I-PDLSCs with patient-matched H-PDLSCs is a practical and effective method for increasing the overall osteogenic and regenerative potentials of resultant cellular materials.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China; Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, PR China.
authors.forename: Hao-Ning
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China; Department of Stomatology, The 309th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100091, PR China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China.
authors.forename: Bei-Min
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China.
authors.forename: Xi-Yu
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China. Electronic address: cfmsunhh@fmmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Fa-Ming
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D018920:Coculture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D010012:Osteogenesis; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000473:pathology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Cell co-culture; Cellular materials; Inflammation; Mesenchymal stem cells; Periodontal ligament; Stem cell sheets