title: A Characterization of Movement Skills in Obese Children With and Without Prader-Willi Syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was twofold: (a) to measure and compare motor proficiency in obese children with Prader-Willi syndrome (OB-PWS) to that in obese children without PWS (OB), and (b) to compare motor proficiency in OB-PWS and OB to normative data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Motor proficiency was measured using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-Second Edition-Complete Form, a norm-referenced assessment of motor function. Participants were 18 OB-PWS and 44 OB (8 to 11 years of age). The scores on the 8 subtests and the total motor composite were used to compare OB-PWS and OB. Furthermore, the scores on the 4 motor-area composites were used to compare OB-PWS and OB against normative data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  OB-PWS scored significantly lower than OB across all 8 subtests. OB-PWS also had significantly lower motor proficiency scores on all motor-area composites when compared with the normative sample. OB-PWS most frequently (67%-83%) scored well below average on the gross motor subtests. Although not as high as on the gross motor subtests, this finding also held true for the fine motor subtests with 39% to 45% of OB-PWS scoring well below average.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Motor proficiency is very poor in OB-PWS, in particular for gross motor skills. Physical, neurological, and developmental characteristics inherent to the syndrome may explain this low performance.
authors.affiliation: a St. Francis Xavier University.
authors.forename: Melanie Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.affiliation: b California State University Fullerton.
authors.forename: Daniela A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.affiliation: b California State University Fullerton.
authors.forename: Andrea T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Duran
authors.affiliation: b California State University Fullerton.
authors.forename: Frank A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Chavoya
authors.affiliation: b California State University Fullerton.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: White
authors.affiliation: b California State University Fullerton.
authors.forename: Debra J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Rose
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011218:Prader-Willi Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency; fine motor skills; gross motor skills; motor proficiency