title: Enhanced Physical Activity Improves Selected Outcomes in Children With ADHD: Systematic Review.
abstract: This review examines associations between physical activity (PA) and cognitive, behavioral, and physiological outcomes in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We reviewed studies on participants ≤18 years old, published in English between January 1998 and December 2014, in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Reviews. Twenty-six studies were grouped into two categories: those that did and did not account for effects of ADHD medications. The first category showed lower levels of PA and improved cognitive and behavioral outcomes in youth whose ADHD was treated with medications. The second category showed a positive association between PA levels and cognitive and behavioral outcomes in youth whose ADHD was not treated with medications. For both categories of studies, results were inconclusive regarding physiological outcomes. Randomized controlled trials are needed to better clarify the relationship between PA and outcomes in youth with ADHD, and particularly to understand the impact of ADHD medications on that relationship.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, USA songm@ohsu.edu.
authors.forename: MinKyoung
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lauseng
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
authors.forename: Soohee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nordstrom
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Katch
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; children; physical activity