title: Disturbed flow mediated modulation of shear forces on endothelial plane: A proposed model for studying endothelium around atherosclerotic plaques.
abstract: Disturbed fluid flow or modulated shear stress is associated with vascular conditions such as atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and aneurysm. In vitro simulation of the fluid flow around the plaque micro-environment remains a challenging approach. Currently available models have limitations such as complications in protocols, high cost, incompetence of co-culture and not being suitable for massive expression studies. Hence, the present study aimed to develop a simple, versatile model based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. Current observations of CFD have shown the regions of modulated shear stress by the disturbed fluid flow. To execute and validate the model in real sense, cell morphology, cytoskeletal arrangement, cell death, reactive oxygen species (ROS) profile, nitric oxide production and disturbed flow markers under the above condition were assessed. Endothelium at disturbed flow region which had been exposed to low shear stress and swirling flow pattern showed morphological and expression similarities with the pathological disturbed flow environment reported previously. Altogether, the proposed model can serve as a platform to simulate the real time micro-environment of disturbed flow associated with eccentric plaque shapes and the possibilities of studying its downstream events.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology Lab, AU-KBC Research Centre, MIT campus of Anna University, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Uma Maheswari
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Balaguru
authors.affiliation: Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Lakshmikirupa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sundaresan
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology Lab, AU-KBC Research Centre, MIT campus of Anna University, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Jeganathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manivannan
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology Lab, AU-KBC Research Centre, MIT campus of Anna University, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Reji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Majunathan
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology Lab, AU-KBC Research Centre, MIT campus of Anna University, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Krishnapriya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mani
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology Lab, AU-KBC Research Centre, MIT campus of Anna University, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Akila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Swaminathan
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology Lab, AU-KBC Research Centre, MIT campus of Anna University, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Saravanakumar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Venkatesan
authors.affiliation: Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Dharanibalan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kasiviswanathan
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology Lab, AU-KBC Research Centre, MIT campus of Anna University, Chennai, India.|Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Suvro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology*; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical