title: Tests, Quizzes, and Self-Assessments: How to Construct a High-Quality Examination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purposes of this article are to highlight aspects of tests that increase or decrease their effectiveness and to provide guidelines for constructing high-quality tests in radiology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many radiologists help construct tests for a variety of purposes. Only well-constructed tests can provide reliable and valuable information about the test taker.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, M-391, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628.
authors.forename: Anouk
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van der Gijp
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Cécile J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Ravesloot
authors.affiliation: 3 Center for Research and Development of Education, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Olle Th J
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Ten Cate
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jan P J
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: van Schaik
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, M-391, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628.
authors.forename: Emily M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, M-391, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Naeger
mesh_terms: D004502:Education, Medical, Continuing; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000379:methods*; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D011871:Radiology / Q000193:education*; D012647:Self-Assessment
keywords: continuing medical education; medical education; radiology assessment; radiology education; test quality