title: Vitamin D and Mammographic Findings.
abstract: Introduction:Pleiotropic immune-modulatory and anti-proliferative effects of vitamin D and hopes to stop cancerogenesis have led to an increased interest in possible reduction of breast cancer with higher vitamin D levels. Mammographic density is an established risk factor for breast cancer risk, and its association with serum vitamin D is complex, as recent studies have shown.Patients and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 1103 participants were recruited in the breast diagnostic unit of the Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU Munich. A standardised questionnaire and blood samples for 25-OH-vitamin D were taken on the day of mammography. Histologic results of biopsies in suspicious mammographies were documented.Results:In the 1090 data-sets analysed, vitamin D-deficiency was common among women under 40. Highest vitamin D values were observed in participants aged 60-69 years, but average values for all age cohorts were below 20 ng/ml of vitamin D. 15.6 % of all participants had very low vitamin D values (< 10 ng/ml), 51.3 % were vitamin D-deficient (10-19 ng/ml) and only 5.7 % were above 30 ng/ml, i.e. showed sufficient vitamin D. Patients with malignant results had vitamin D < 10 ng/ml more often (16.9 %; p = 0.61), and only 3.4 % in this group had sufficient vitamin D supply (> 30 ng/ml). There were no significant differences in vitamin D-levels between density groups according to the American College of Radiology (ACR) criteria.Conclusion:Vitamin D values were lower than in comparable US women. Up to now, there is no direct clinical evidence for a relationship between the risk for breast cancer and a specific vitamin D value.
authors.affiliation: Frauen- und Poliklinik der TU München, Munich.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Riedel
authors.affiliation: Frauen- und Poliklinik der TU München, Munich.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Straub
authors.affiliation: Frauen- und Poliklinik der TU München, Munich.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wissing
authors.affiliation: Praxis für Brustgesundheit, Munich.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Artmann
authors.affiliation: Frauen- und Poliklinik der TU München, Munich.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmidmayr
authors.affiliation: Frauen- und Poliklinik der TU München, Munich.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kiechle
authors.affiliation: Frauen- und Poliklinik der TU München, Munich.
authors.forename: V R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Seifert-Klauss
keywords: breast cancer risk; calcitriol; mammographic density; vitamin D