title: Three-particle correlation from a Many-Body Perspective: Trions in a Carbon Nanotube.
abstract: Trion states of three correlated particles (e.g., two electrons and one hole) are essential to understand the optical spectra of doped or gated nanostructures, like carbon nanotubes or transition-metal dichalcogenides. We develop a theoretical many-body description for such correlated states using an ab initio approach. It can be regarded as an extension of the widely used GW method and Bethe-Salpeter equation, thus allowing for a direct comparison with excitons. We apply this method to a semiconducting (8,0) carbon nanotube, and find that the lowest optically active trions are redshifted by ∼130  meV compared to the excitons, confirming experimental findings for similar tubes. Moreover, our method provides detailed insights in the physical nature of trion states. In the prototypical carbon nanotube we find a variety of different excitations, discuss the spectra, energy compositions, and correlated wave functions.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Festkörpertheorie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Deilmann
authors.affiliation: Institut für Festkörpertheorie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Drüppel
authors.affiliation: Institut für Festkörpertheorie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rohlfing