title: Diversity of Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in Two Different Eco-Climatic and Endemic Zones of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Mali, West Africa.
abstract: Being the only established vectors of the protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania, sand flies have become very important in all countries where leishmaniasis exists. To better understand the sand fly fauna, a taxonomic inventory study was carried out between January and March 2012 in Soudan savannah (Boundioba, Sikasso) and Sahelian (Tieneguebougou, Koulikoro) areas of Mali. CDC light traps were used to collect the sand flies. Collected sand flies specimens were cleaned with lacto-phenol and examined under a light microscope for species identification. In total, 14 species belonging to the genera Phlebotomus and Sergentomyia were identified. The genus Sergentomyia constituted 98.05% of collected sand flies versus 1.95% for the genus Phlebotomus. The most abundant species were Sergentomyia dubia Parrot, Mornet, & Cadenat, Sergentomyia shwetzi, Sergentomyia clydei Sinton, and Sergentomyia antennata Newstead. In Boundioba, the genus Phlebotomus was represented by two species (Phlebotomus duboscqi Neveu-Lemaire and Phlebotomus rodhaini Parrot), whereas only one species, Ph. duboscqi, was captured in Tieneguebougou. For the first time, three new species, Sergentomyia madagascariensis, Sergentomyia congolensis, and Sergentomyia dureni, were identified in Mali. More investigations are needed for a better entomological assessment of the transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the different eco-climatic zones of Mali.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Coulibaly
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sissoko
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Traore
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diallo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Samake
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Traore
authors.affiliation: International Center of Excellence in Research (ICER-Mali), and Department of Entomology, Leishmaniasis Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali (acoulibaly@icermali.org; ibrahim@icermali.org; bouramat@icermali.org; adaxe@icermali.org; ssam@icermali.org; cheick@icermali.org; sdoumbi@icermali.org) sdoumbi@icermali.org.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Doumbia
mesh_terms: D063147:Animal Distribution; D000818:Animals; D044822:Biodiversity; D002980:Climate; D017753:Ecosystem; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000145:classification* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000502:physiology*; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000635:transmission; D008302:Mali; D011576:Psychodidae / Q000145:classification* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Mali; eco-climate; endemicity; leishmaniasis; phlebotomine