title: Hypothesizing Music Intervention Enhances Brain Functional Connectivity Involving Dopaminergic Recruitment: Common Neuro-correlates to Abusable Drugs.
abstract: The goal of this review is to explore the clinical significance of music listening on neuroplasticity and dopaminergic activation by understanding the role of music therapy in addictive behavior treatment. fMRI data has shown that music listening intensely modifies mesolimbic structural changes responsible for reward processing (e.g., nucleus accumbens [NAc]) and may control the emotional stimuli's effect on autonomic and physiological responses (e.g., hypothalamus). Music listening has been proven to induce the endorphinergic response blocked by naloxone, a common opioid antagonist. NAc opioid transmission is linked to the ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine release. There are remarkable commonalities between listening to music and the effect of drugs on mesolimbic dopaminergic activation. It has been found that musical training before the age of 7 results in changes in white-matter connectivity, protecting carriers with low dopaminergic function (DRD2A1 allele, etc.) from poor decision-making, reward dependence, and impulsivity. In this article, we briefly review a few studies on the neurochemical effects of music and propose that these findings are relevant to the positive clinical findings observed in the literature. We hypothesize that music intervention enhances brain white matter plasticity through dopaminergic recruitment and that more research is needed to explore the efficacy of these therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry & McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Box 100183, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0183, USA. drd2gene@ufl.edu.|Department of Psychiatry and Human Global Mental Health Institute, Center for Clinical & Translational Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA. drd2gene@ufl.edu.|Division of Neuroscience -Based Therapy, Summit Estate Recovery Center, Las Gatos, CA, USA. drd2gene@ufl.edu.|Division of Addition Services, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA. drd2gene@ufl.edu.|PATH Foundation NY, New York, NY, USA. drd2gene@ufl.edu.|IGENE, LLC, Austin, TX, USA. drd2gene@ufl.edu.|Division of Applied Clinical Research, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA. drd2gene@ufl.edu.|Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary. drd2gene@ufl.edu.|Division of Neuroscience Research & Addiction Therapy, Shores Treatment & Recovery Center, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA. drd2gene@ufl.edu.
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blum
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Human Global Mental Health Institute, Center for Clinical & Translational Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Simpatico
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry & McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Box 100183, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0183, USA.
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Febo
authors.affiliation: IGENE, LLC, Austin, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodriquez
authors.affiliation: PATH Foundation NY, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dushaj
authors.affiliation: PATH Foundation NY, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: PATH Foundation NY, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Eric R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Braverman
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Zsolt
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Demetrovics
authors.affiliation: Departments of Psychiatry and Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston VA Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Marlene
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oscar-Berman
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.|Neuromodulation Program, University of Minnesota Twin City Campus, Minneapolis, MN, USA.|Laboratory of Advanced Radiochemistry, University of Minnesota Twin City Campus, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Rajendra D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Badgaiyan
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009146:Music; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D059906:Neuroimaging
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs; D004298:Dopamine
keywords: Brain white matter; Cognition; Dopaminergic recruitment; Impulsivity; Music therapy