title: Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate 5-Kinases in the Regulation of T Cell Activation.
abstract: Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate kinases (PIP5Ks) are critical regulators of T cell activation being the main enzymes involved in the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate (PIP2). PIP2 is indeed a pivotal regulator of the actin cytoskeleton, thus controlling T cell polarization and migration, stable adhesion to antigen-presenting cells, spatial organization of the immunological synapse, and co-stimulation. Moreover, PIP2 also serves as a precursor for the second messengers inositol triphosphate, diacylglycerol, and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate, which are essential for the activation of signaling pathways regulating cytokine production, cell cycle progression, survival, metabolism, and differentiation. Here, we discuss the impact of PIP5Ks on several T lymphocyte functions with a specific focus on the role of CD28 co-stimulation in PIP5K compartimentalization and activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University , Rome , Italy.
authors.forename: Nicla
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Porciello
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kunkl
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Viola
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University , Rome , Italy.
authors.forename: Loretta
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tuosto
keywords: CD28 co-stimulation; PIP5K; T cell signaling; actin cytoskeleton; metabolism