title: Biotechnological applications of quorum quenching enzymes.
abstract: Numerous bacteria use quorum sensing (QS) to synchronize their behavior and monitor their population density. They use signaling molecules known as autoinducers (AI's) that are synthesized and secreted into their local environment to regulate QS-dependent gene expression. Among QS-regulated pathways, biofilm formation and virulence factor secretion are particularly problematic as they are involved in surface-attachment, antimicrobial agent resistance, toxicity, and pathogenicity. Targeting QS represents a promising strategy to inhibit undesirable bacterial traits. This strategy, referred to as quorum quenching (QQ), includes QS-inhibitors and QQ enzymes. These approaches are appealing because they do not directly challenge bacterial survival, and consequently selection pressure may be low, yielding a lower occurrence of resistance. QQ enzymes are particularly promising because they act extracellularly to degrade AI's and can be used in catalytic quantities. This review draws an overview of QQ enzyme related applications, covering several economically important fields such as agriculture, aquaculture, biofouling and health issues. Finally, the possibility of resistance mechanism occurrence to QQ strategies is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Aix Marseille Université, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Janek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bzdrenga
authors.affiliation: Gene&GreenTK, Faculté de Médecine, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Daudé
authors.affiliation: Aix Marseille Université, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Marseille, France; Gene&GreenTK, Faculté de Médecine, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rémy
authors.affiliation: Aix Marseille Université, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Pauline
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jacquet
authors.affiliation: Gene&GreenTK, Faculté de Médecine, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: Laure
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Plener
authors.affiliation: University of Minnesota, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics & Biotechnology Institute, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elias
authors.affiliation: Aix Marseille Université, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, Marseille, France. Electronic address: eric.chabriere@univ-amu.fr.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chabrière
mesh_terms: D000581:Amidohydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000382:microbiology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000502:physiology; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D053038:Quorum Sensing / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D000581:Amidohydrolases
keywords: Biofilm; Enzyme; Lactonase; Quorum quenching; Quorum sensing; Virulence