title: Momordica charantia polysaccharides mitigate the progression of STZ induced diabetic nephropathy in rats.
abstract: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become a primary cause of end-stage kidney disease. Several complex dynamics converge together to accelerate the advancement of DN. The present investigation was postulated to explore the mechanism of reno-protective nature of Momordica Charantia polysaccharides (MCP) by evaluating the anti-hyperglycemic, anti-lipidemic as well as markers for oxidative stress and antioxidant proficiency in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The oral administration of MCP showed a significant normalization in the levels of kidney function test in the STZ-induced diabetic rats. The levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urea protein and creatinine increased by 316.58%, 195.14% and 800.97% respectively, in STZ-induced diabetic rats when compared with normal rats. MCP treatment also illustrated a significant improvement in glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase levels, with a significant decline in MDA in diabetic kidneys. Immunoblots of heme-oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and Nrf2 of MCP treated diabetic rats showed a significant up-regulation of HO-1 and Nrf2 protein. Histological and ultra-structural observations also reveal that MCP efficiently protects the kidneys from hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative damage. These findings illustrate that the reno-protective nature of MCP mitigates the progression of STZ induced DN in rats by suppression of oxidative stress and amelioration of the HO-1/Nrf2 pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: mraish@ksu.edu.sa.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raish
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ajaz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Basit L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Jan
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Khalid M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Alkharfy
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mushtaq Ahmad
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Kazi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mohsin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Fahad Al
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Jenoobi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Mohizea
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D029777:Momordica charantia / Q000737:chemistry*; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; C495637:Nfe2l2 protein, rat; D011134:Polysaccharides; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1
keywords: Diabetic nepropathy; Momordica charantia; Polysaccharides