title: Optimization of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Increase Their Therapeutic Potential.
abstract: The heart which has limited renewal and regenerative capacity is a prime target for cellular therapy. Stem cell transplantation has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy to improve healing of the ischemic heart, repopulate the injured myocardium, and restore cardiac function. However, clinical usefulness is impacted by the quality and quantity of delivered cells, the suboptimal manipulations prior to transplantation, and the general poor viability of the cells transferred particularly to an ischemic microenvironment. Focus is now on developing new ways to enhance stem cell renewal and survival capacity before transplant. This can be done by physical, chemical, pharmacological, or genetic manipulation of cells followed by accurate evaluation of conditioning methods by validated tests.This chapter covers the proper handling of mesenchymal stem cells (human and rat lines) and methodologies to evaluate efficacy and the translational potential of conditioning methods. Specifically, we will cover stem cell culture methods, preconditioning protocols, viability assessment in hypoxic and oxidative challenges as encountered in an ischemic microenvironment, and the proliferative capacity of cells.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada.|Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Minh Quan
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Vu
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada.|Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Shant
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Der Sarkissian
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borie
authors.affiliation: Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Pierre-Olivier
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Bessette
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada. noiseuxn@videotron.ca.|Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada. noiseuxn@videotron.ca.|Division of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), 3840 Saint-Urbain Street, Montreal, QC, Canada, H2W1T8. noiseuxn@videotron.ca.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Noiseux
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002452:Cell Count / Q000379:methods*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D000066673:Cell Self Renewal; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000628:therapy*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned
keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Mesenchymal stem cells; Myocardial infarct; Preconditioning; Proliferation; Regenerative medicine; Viability