title: Adult femicide victims in forensic autopsy in Taiwan: A 10-year retrospective study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Violence against women and adult femicides are critical medico-legal issues worldwide. Intimate partner violence is one of the leading contributory risk factors. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of femicides in Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of forensic autopsy records of adult femicide victims in Taiwan during a 10-year period was carried out. The age, victim-offender relationship, injury patterns and causes of death were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 220 adult femicide victims recruited, 114 were killed by intimate partners and 106 were killed by non-intimate partner offenders. The average age of victims killed by intimate partners (40.0 y/o) were younger than those killed by non-intimate partner perpetrators (48.6 y/o). The most common site of injuries in the intimate partner group and the non-intimate partner group was the neck and the upper limbs, respectively. The rates of bruise and intracranial injury of non-intimate partner group were significantly higher than that of the intimate partner group. The most common causes of death in both groups were strangulation and sharp force injury. The heart injury was significantly more frequent in victims offended by intimate partners than by other assailants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The characteristics of adult femicides, and the patterns of injury in victims killed by intimate partners and non-intimate partner offenders were different. This data is helpful for corpus inspection in forensic casework and for strategic planning of femicides prevention.
authors.affiliation: Keelung District Prosecutors Office, No. 178, Dungshin Rd., Keelung City, Taiwan ROC.
authors.forename: Wen-Li
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Fong
authors.affiliation: Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, No. 123, Min⿿an St., Zhonghe Dist., New Taipei City 235, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Chih-Hsin
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 1, Jen Ai Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: James Chun-I
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 1, Jen Ai Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Tsui-Ting
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 1, Jen Ai Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC; National Taiwan University, Children and Family Research Center, Leader of Division, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 106, Taiwan. ROC; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: hwahl013@ms10.hinet.net.
authors.forename: Hsiao-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Hwa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001344:Autopsy; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006708:Homicide; D006801:Humans; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013624:Taiwan
keywords: Cause of death; Female homicide; Femicide; Forensic autopsy; Intimate partner violence