title: Management of rhinosinusitis: an evidence based approach.
abstract: The most recent recommendations for the management of both acute (ARS) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) based on the strongest data available for each treatment modality are summarized in this review. The clinical relationships between CRS and its comorbidities are also discussed.
  
  
  
  The most promising advances in rhinosinusitis management involve the use of mAbs (anti-IgE, anti-IL-5, anti-IL-4Rα) in trials of CRS with nasal polyposis. Otherwise, the mainstays of treatment for both ARS and CRS have largely remained the same over the past several years.
  
  
  
  The treatment of ARS primarily involves symptomatic control with intranasal corticosteroids and nasal saline irrigation; antibiotics should be reserved for the patients who are believed to have bacterial rhinosinusitis. Treating CRS effectively involves using intranasal corticosteroids and irrigation, systemic corticosteroids, and potentially systemic antibiotics. Biologics (mAbs) have shown benefit in clinical studies. Providers should also be aware of concomitant disease processes that may afflict patients with CRS.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Medicine bDivision of Allergy/Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Para
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Clayton
authors.forename: Anju T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Peters
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000276:immunology; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015848:Interleukin-5; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4; D007073:Immunoglobulin E