title: The Victoria Stroop Test: Normative Data in Quebec-French Adults and Elderly.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Despite the widespread use of the Victoria Stroop Test (VST; Regard, 1981) in clinical and research settings, information regarding the impact of sociodemographic variables on test performance in Quebec-French adults and elderly people is still nonexistent. Thus, this study aimed to establish normative data for error scores and completion time on all test trials (Dot, Word, and Interference) taking into account the impact of age, education, and sex on test performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample consisted of 646 community-dwelling and healthy Quebec-French individuals aged between 47 and 87 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regression analyses indicated that age was associated with completion time and error scores on all trials. The association was also positive for low and high interference conditions. Education was associated with completion time on Word and Interference trials, and with both interference scores. Finally, sex was associated with completion time on all trials, with women being consistently faster than men. Equations to calculate Z scores and percentiles are presented.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Norms for the VST will ease interpretation of executive functioning in Quebec-French adults and elderly and favor accurate discrimination between normal and pathological cognitive states.
authors.affiliation: École de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.|Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Marie-Pier
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Potvin
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.|Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Belleville
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bier
authors.affiliation: Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Lise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gagnon
authors.affiliation: École de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blanchet
authors.affiliation: École de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.|Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Nélia-Sofia
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Domingues
authors.affiliation: École de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.|Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Geneviève
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gaudreau
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada.|Département de réadaptation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Joël
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Macoir
authors.affiliation: École de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.|Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hudon
keywords: Attention; Executive functions; Norms/normative studies; Quebec-French