title: Novel insights into redox system and the mechanism of redox regulation.
abstract: In view of the critical role of redox system in numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes, it is important to clearly understand the family members and regulatory mechanism of redox system. In this work, we will systematically review the current data detailing the reactive oxygen species (ROS), enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and redox sensitive transcription factors and we give a brief description of redox-mediated epigenetic and post-translational regulation. We propose that the redox system functions as a "Redox Chain", consisting of "ROS-generating Enzyme Chain", "Combined Antioxidant Chain" and "Transcription Factor Chain". We suggest that an individualized assessment of the redox status in the body should be conducted for the redox intervention of a patient. The strategy of intervention is to maintain redox homeostasis via either facilitation of ROS signaling or enhancement of antioxidant defense. These findings provide valuable new insights into redox system and open up new paths for the control of redox-related disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Changle West Road 169, Xi'an, 710032, China. xinwang@fmmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Changle West Road 169, Xi'an, 710032, China. cx-hai@fmmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chunxu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019069:Cell Respiration; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000502:physiology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014157:Transcription Factors; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Antioxidant; ROS; Redox; Redox regulation; Transcription factor