title: Effects of Atorvastatin on Periodontitis of Rats Subjected to Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis.
abstract: Atorvastatin (ATV) has shown pleiotropic effects on bone tissue, and osteoporosis can aggravate periodontitis. Thus, the effects of ATV on experimental periodontitis (EP) in rats subjected to glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) was assessed.
  
  
  
  Male Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: 1) naive; 2) EP; 3) GIOP + EP; and 4) ATV. Groups GIOP + EP and ATV received 7 mg/kg dexamethasone intramuscularly once per week for 5 weeks, and the others received saline (SAL). Groups EP, GIOP + EP, and ATV were submitted to EP by ligature around the maxillary left second molars for 11 days. Group ATV received 27 mg/kg ATV orally, and the others received SAL 30 minutes before EP. Periodontium was analyzed by macroscopy, microtomography, and histopathology; by immunohistochemical examination of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), wingless (WNT) 10b, dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK-1), and β-catenin; and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis of myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL10, reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). Leukogram, liver and kidney enzymes, and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) serum levels were evaluated.
  
  
  
  ATV decreased bone loss, reduced MPO, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, and increased IL-10, GSH, SOD, and CAT levels. ATV reduced RANKL and DKK-1 and increased OPG, WNT10b, and β-catenin expressions and BALP activity.
  
  
  
  ATV reduced inflammation, oxidative stress, and bone loss in rats with EP and GIOP, with participation of the WNT signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Health Science, Medical School, Federal University of Ceará, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luzia Hermínia
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Health Science, Medical School, Federal University of Ceará, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eveline V M
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Linhares
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará.
authors.forename: Joanna Trycia
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Alexandre
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Morphological Science, Department of Morphology, Medical School, Federal University of Ceará.
authors.forename: Mario Roberto
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Lisboa
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, Ribeirao Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Furlaneto
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Morphological Science, Department of Morphology, Medical School, Federal University of Ceará.
authors.forename: Raul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.affiliation: Renorbio Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Ceará.
authors.forename: Isabela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Renorbio Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Val
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Health Science, Medical School, Federal University of Ceará, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil.|School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará.
authors.forename: Mirna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Health Science, Medical School, Federal University of Ceará, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil.|School of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará.
authors.forename: Hellíada Vasconcelos
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Morphological Science, Department of Morphology, Medical School, Federal University of Ceará.
authors.forename: Conceição
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará.|Department of Morphology, Medical School, Federal University of Ceará.
authors.forename: Gerly A C
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Brito
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program of Health Science, Medical School, Federal University of Ceará, Sobral, Ceará, Brazil.|Postgraduate Program of Morphological Science, Department of Morphology, Medical School, Federal University of Ceará.|Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Medical School, Federal University of Ceará.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Goes
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss; D000818:Animals; D000069059:Atorvastatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D000069059:Atorvastatin
keywords: Bone resorption; inflammation; osteoporosis; periodontitis