title: Presentation of Two Cases with Early Extracranial Metastases from Glioblastoma and Review of the Literature.
abstract: Extracranial metastases from glioblastoma are rare. We report two patients with extracranial metastases from glioblastoma. Case 1 concerns a 59-year-old woman with multiple metastases that spread early in the course of disease. What makes this case unusual is that the tumor had grown into the falx close to the straight sinus and this might be an explanation to the early and extensive metastases. Case 2 presents a 60-year-old man with liver metastasis found at autopsy, and, in this case, it is more difficult to find an explanation. This patient had two spontaneous intracerebral bleeding incidents and extensive bleeding during acute surgery with tumor removal, which might have induced extracranial seeding. The cases presented might have hematogenous spreading in common as an explanation to extracranial metastases from GBM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Biology, The Finsen Center, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Maria Dinche
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Johansen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Neurocenter, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rochat
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Center of Diagnostic Investigation, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Law
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Center of Diagnostic Investigation, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scheie
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Biology, The Finsen Center, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Oncology, The Finsen Center, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Hans Skovgaard
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Poulsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, The Finsen Center, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Aida
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muhic