title: The human gut microbiome impacts health and disease.
abstract: The human gut microbiome can now be characterized in unprecedented detail by an approach based on high-throughput sequencing of total stool DNA, that we name quantitative metagenomics. Central to the approach is a catalog that lists all the genes of intestinal microbes that are known - 9.9 millions, identified by the analysis of 1267 stool samples. Beyond the gene list, genetic units that carry them begun to be known; many of these correspond to bacterial species that were never isolated and cultured yet. Quantitative metagenomics allows developing powerful algorithms to diagnose a disease, monitor patients and identify individuals at risk to progress towards a disease. This lays ground for developing new approaches to better restore and even preserve the health by modulation of the altered microbiome, which contributes to promote or aggravate a disease.
authors.affiliation: Metagenopolis, INRA, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France. Electronic address: Dusko.Ehrlich@jouy.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Stanislav Dusko
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Ehrlich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000517:prevention & control; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D064806:Dysbiosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D054892:Metagenome; D056186:Metagenomics; D064307:Microbiota / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004247:DNA
keywords: Catalogue des gènes microbiens; Chronic disease prevention; Communautés microbiennes; Dysbiose; Dysbiosis; Microbial communities; Microbial gene catalog; Métagénomique quantitative; Prévention des maladies chroniques; Quantitative metagenomics