title: Frequency of Tabagism and N34S and P55S Mutations of Serine Peptidase Inhibitor, Kazal Type 1 (SPINK1) and R254W Mutation of Chymotrypsin C (CTRC) in Patients With Chronic Pancreatitis and Controls.
abstract: This study aimed to investigate the association between chronic pancreatitis and smoking or genetic mutations.
  
  
  
  The study sample comprised 148 patients with chronic pancreatitis, 110 chronic alcoholic subjects without pancreatic disease, and 297 volunteer blood donors.
  
  
  
  Of the patients with chronic pancreatitis, 74% had alcoholic etiology and 26% had idiopathic pancreatitis. The frequency of smoking was 91.4% in patients with alcoholic pancreatitis, higher than 73.3% in alcoholic subjects without pancreatitis (P < 0.01). The difference in smoking frequency was not significant between the patients with idiopathic pancreatitis and blood donors. The N34S mutation of serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 1 (SPINK1) was found in 2.7% of patients with chronic alcoholic pancreatitis, in 5.3% of patients with idiopathic pancreatitis, and in 0.4% of blood donors (P = 0.02). The P55S mutation of SPINK1 was found in 2.7% of patients with alcoholic pancreatitis and in 0.7% of blood donors (P = 0.12). The R254W mutation of chymotrypsin C was found in 0.9% of patients with alcoholic pancreatitis, in 0.9% of chronic alcoholic subjects without pancreatitis, and in 0.4% of blood donors (P = 0.75). In all cases, the mutations were heterozygous.
  
  
  
  Smoking and the N34S mutation of SPINK1 were positively correlated with chronic pancreatitis.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marianges Zadrozny Gouvêa
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: da Costa
authors.forename: Júlia Glória Lucatelli
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Pires
authors.forename: Paulo Dominguez
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Nasser
authors.forename: Camila da Silva
authors.initials: Cda S
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Ana Cristina de Sá
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.forename: Denise Cerqueira
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Paranaguá-Vezozzo
authors.forename: Dulce Reis
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Guarita
authors.forename: Flair José
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Carrilho
authors.forename: Suzane Kioko
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ono
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D002918:Chymotrypsin; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D010195:Pancreatitis; D012694:Serine; D014359:Trypsin Inhibitor, Kazal Pancreatic
chemical_list: D012694:Serine; D014359:Trypsin Inhibitor, Kazal Pancreatic; D002918:Chymotrypsin; C117569:chymotrypsin C