title: A bird's eye view on the use of electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Current state-of-the-art, emerging directions and future trends.
abstract: Tissue engineering aims to develop therapeutic products that utilize a combination of scaffolds with viable cell systems or responsive biomolecules derived from such cells, for the repair, restoration/regeneration of tissues. Here, the main goal is to enable the body to heal itself by the introduction of electrospun scaffolds, such that the body recognizes them as its own and in turn uses them to regenerate "neo-native" functional tissues. During the last decade, innovative nanofibrous scaffolds have attracted substantial interest in bone tissue engineering. The electrospinning process makes it possible to fabricate appropriate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering from different categories of nanobiomaterials having the ability of controlled delivery of drugs in the defective tissues. It is expected that with the progress in science and technology, better bone constructs will be proposed in the future. This review discusses the innovative approaches into electrospinning techniques for the fabrication of nanofibrous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Research Group, Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rezvani
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanofibers & Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Jayarama R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Venugopal
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Aleksandra M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Urbanska
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences and the Center for Biomedical Engineering and Rehabilitation Science, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA, USA.
authors.forename: David K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanofibers & Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Seeram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramakrishna
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Research Group, Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: mozafari.masoud@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mozafari
mesh_terms: D001842:Bone and Bones; D006801:Humans; D057139:Nanofibers; D012038:Regeneration; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
keywords: Bone tissue engineering; Drug delivery; Electrospinning; Nanofibrous scaffold