title: Comparison of LDPI to SPECT perfusion imaging using (99m)Tc-sestamibi and (99m)Tc-pyrophosphate in a murine ischemic hind limb model of neovascularization.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We aimed to determine the accuracy of laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI) in an animal model for hind limb ischemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a murine (C57Bl/6 mice) ischemic hind limb model in which we compared LDPI with the clinically used (99m)Tc-sestamibi SPECT perfusion imaging (n = 7). In addition, we used the SPECT tracer (99m)Tc-pyrophosphate ((99m)Tc-PyP) to image muscular damage (n = 6).
  
  
  RESULTS
  LDPI indicated a quick and prominent decrease in perfusion immediately after ligation, subsequently recovering to 21.9 and 25.2 % 14 days later in the (99m)Tc-sestamibi and (99m)Tc-PyP group, respectively. (99m)Tc-sestamibi SPECT scans also showed a quick decrease in perfusion. However, nearly full recovery was reached 7 days post ligation. Muscular damage, indicated by the uptake of (99m)Tc-PyP, was highest at day 3 and recovered to baseline levels at day 14 post ligation. Postmortem histology supported these findings, as a significantly increased collateral diameter was found 7 and 14 days after ligation and peak macrophage infiltration and TUNEL positivity was found on day 3 after ligation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Here, we indicate that LDPI strongly underestimates perfusion recovery in a hind limb model for profound ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Postbox 5800, AZ, 6202, Maastricht, The Netherlands.|Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Geert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hendrikx
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.|Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mark H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Vries
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Postbox 5800, AZ, 6202, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bauwens
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Postbox 5800, AZ, 6202, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marijke
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Saint-Hubert
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Allard
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wagenaar
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Postbox 5800, AZ, 6202, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Joël
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guillaume
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Postbox 5800, AZ, 6202, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Levinia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Boonen
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.|Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Post
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Postbox 5800, AZ, 6202, Maastricht, The Netherlands. felix.mottaghy@mumc.nl.|Department of Nuclear Medicine, University hospital, RWTH University, Aachen, Germany. felix.mottaghy@mumc.nl.
authors.forename: Felix M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Mottaghy
keywords: Hind limb ischemia; Laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI); Overestimation of therapeutic window; Perfusion recovery; Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)