title: Effects of berberine on the growth and immune performance in response to ammonia stress and high-fat dietary in blunt snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala.
abstract: This study aimed to figure out the effects of berberine on growth performance, immunity, oxidative stress and hepatocyte apoptosis of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) fed with high-fat diet. 320 fish (80.00 ± 0.90 g) were divided randomly into four trial groups (each with four replicates) and fed with 4 diets (normal diet, normal diet with 50 mg/kg berberine, high-fat diet, high-fat diet with 50 mg/kg berberine), respectively. At the end of the feeding trial, ammonia stress test was carried out for 5 days. The result showed the growth performance, immune parameters including plasm acid phosphatase (ACP) activities, lysozyme (LYZ) activities and alternative complement C3 and C4 contents were suppressed in fish fed with high-fat diets but improved in berberine diets compared with control (normal diet). Hepatopancreas oxidative status, the malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC) and lipid peroxide (LPO) were increased significantly (P < 0.05) when fish were fed with high-fat diets. Berberine could slow the progression of the oxidative stress induced by high-fat through increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and total sulfydryl (T-SH) levels of fish. And the hepatocyte apoptosis in the high-fat group could also be alleviated by berberine. After the ammonia stress test, the accumulative mortality was extremely (P < 0.05) low in fish fed high-fat diet with berberine compared to other groups. It was concluded berberine as a functional feed additive significantly inhibited the progression of oxidative stress, reduced the apoptosis and enhanced the immunity of fish fed with high-fat diet.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qing-Qing
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wen-Bin
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Man
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yong-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong-Yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Key Laboratory for Veterinary and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: xuweina@sjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wei-Na
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000633:toxicity*; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture; D001599:Berberine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003530:Cyprinidae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000662:veterinary*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D011897:Random Allocation; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D001599:Berberine; D000641:Ammonia
keywords: Ammonia stress; Berberine; Hepatocyte apoptosis; High-fat diet; Immunity; Oxidative stress