title: Group-Based Compassion-Focused Therapy as an Adjunct to Outpatient Treatment for Eating Disorders: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.
abstract: The current study sought to assess the acceptability and feasibility of a compassion-focused therapy (CFT) group as an adjunct to evidence-based outpatient treatment for eating disorders, and to examine its preliminary efficacy relative to treatment as usual (TAU). Twenty-two outpatients with various types of eating disorders were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of TAU (n = 11) or TAU plus weekly CFT groups adapted for an eating disorder population (CFT + TAU; n = 11). Participants in both conditions completed measures of self-compassion, fears of compassion, shame and eating disorder pathology at baseline, week 4, week 8 and week 12. Additionally, participants receiving the CFT group completed measures assessing acceptability and feasibility of the group. Results indicated that the CFT group demonstrated strong acceptability; attendance was high and the group retained over 80% of participants. Participants rated the group positively and indicated they would be very likely to recommend it to peers with similar symptoms. Intention-to-treat analyses revealed that compared to the TAU condition, the CFT + TAU condition yielded greater improvements in self-compassion, fears of self-compassion, fears of receiving compassion, shame and eating disorder pathology over the 12 weeks. Results suggest that group-based CFT, offered in conjunction with evidence-based outpatient TAU for eating disorders, may be an acceptable, feasible and efficacious intervention. Furthermore, eating disorder patients appear to see benefit in, and observe gains from, working on the CFT goals of overcoming fears of compassion, developing more self-compassion and accessing more compassion from others. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: University of Waterloo Psychology, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Allison Catherine
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5956-1396
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.affiliation: The Emily Program, Cleveland, Ohio, United States.
authors.forename: Lucene
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wisniewski
authors.affiliation: The Emily Program, Cleveland, Ohio, United States.
authors.forename: Caitlin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martin-Wagar
authors.affiliation: The Emily Program, Cleveland, Ohio, United States.
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hoffman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D004645:Empathy; D005239:Fear / Q000523:psychology; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010045:Outpatients / Q000523:psychology*; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group / Q000379:methods*; D012649:Self Concept; D012752:Shame; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Compassion-focused Therapy; Eating Disorders; Fear of Self-compassion; Randomized Controlled Trial; Self-compassion; Shame