title: Forgotten/retained double J ureteric stents: A source of severe morbidity in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The increase in the usage of double J (DJ) ureteral stents in the management of a variety of urinary tract disease processes mandates familiarity with these devices, their consequences and their potential complications, which at times can be devastating. We retrospectively reviewed our series of children with forgotten/retained DJ ureteric stents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital records of all patients' <18 years old who underwent removal of forgotten/retained DJ ureteral stent at our hospital were reviewed for age, gender, indication for insertion of DJ stent, duration of stent insertion, radiological images and surgical procedures performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period, January 2000 to December 2014 (a 15-year period), a total of 14 children underwent removal of forgotten/retained DJ ureteral stent. A combination of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, cystolitholapaxy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy was done to free the DJ stent and extract it.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Forgotten/retained stents in children are a source of severe morbidity, additional/unnecessary hospitalisation and definitely financial strain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, KLES Kidney Foundation, KLE University's JN Medical College, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and MRC, Belgaum, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Rajendra B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Nerli
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, KLES Kidney Foundation, KLE University's JN Medical College, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and MRC, Belgaum, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Prasad V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Magdum
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, KLES Kidney Foundation, KLE University's JN Medical College, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and MRC, Belgaum, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, KLES Kidney Foundation, KLE University's JN Medical College, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and MRC, Belgaum, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Ajay Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Guntaka
authors.affiliation: PG Department of Studies in Biotechnology and Microbiology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Murigendra B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Hiremath
authors.affiliation: PG Department of Studies in Biotechnology and Microbiology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Shridhar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghagane
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D020878:Device Removal / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008096:Lithotripsy; D008297:Male; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014513:Ureter / Q000601:surgery*; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*