title: Altered Expression of TLR2 and TLR4 on Peripheral CD14+ Blood Monocytes in Children with Urinary Tract Infection.
abstract: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the second most common bacterial infection, after otitis media, in infants and children. The mechanisms of disease susceptibility and the role of immunity in the pathogenesis of UTI in children have been evaluated. In recent years, Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) have been recognized as specific components of the innate immune system constituting important mediators in host immune recognition. The aim of the present study was to determine ΤLR2 and TLR4 expression during the acute phase of UTI in infants and children by measuring the CD14/TLR2 and CD14/TLR4 expression on monocytes. We also attempted to compare the TLRs expression with the immunological status of the patients to healthy children. The study group consisted of 60 children (36 females and 24 males) and the control group included 60 age-matched pediatric subjects (27 females and 33 males). In our study, no antibody deficiency was found either in the children with UTI or in healthy subjects. There might be a connection between low IgA, IgG, and IgG subclasses serum levels and UTI as there was a statistically significant difference between patients and healthy children. A higher expression of CD14/TLR2 was revealed in patients (90,07%) compared to controls (85,48%) as well as CD14/TLR4 in patients (90,53%) compared to controls (87,25%) (statistically significant difference, p < 0,05). The results of this study could provide new understanding of UTIs' pathogenesis in children.
authors.affiliation: 4th Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and Papageorgiou General Hospital, Ring Road Nea Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Panagiota
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Karananou
authors.affiliation: Immunology-Histocompatibily Department, "Papageorgiou" General Hospital, Ring Road Nea Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fleva
authors.affiliation: 4th Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and Papageorgiou General Hospital, Ring Road Nea Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Despoina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tramma
authors.affiliation: Immunology-Histocompatibily Department, "Papageorgiou" General Hospital, Ring Road Nea Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Anastasia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alataki
authors.affiliation: Immunology-Histocompatibily Department, "Papageorgiou" General Hospital, Ring Road Nea Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Aikaterini
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pavlitou-Tsiontsi
authors.affiliation: 4th Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and Papageorgiou General Hospital, Ring Road Nea Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Emporiadou-Peticopoulou
authors.affiliation: 4th Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and Papageorgiou General Hospital, Ring Road Nea Efkarpia, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Efimia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Papadopoulou-Alataki
mesh_terms: D018949:Antigens, CD1 / Q000276:immunology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D018949:Antigens, CD1; C495342:TLR2 protein, human; C495345:TLR4 protein, human; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4