title: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Haliotis tuberculata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Mollusca, Gastropoda): Considerations on food safety and source investigation.
abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were analyzed in wild specimens of Haliotis tuberculata from three sites of the Sothern Ionian Sea. The species Ht is commonly found at these sites and has significant commercial value. Main results revealed mean values of benzo(a)pyrene higher than the threshold set by Regulation No. 835/2011/EU in all sampling sites and the sum of selected PAHs, expressed as ΣPAH4 by EC Regulation, were below the limit set by the same Regulation in ME and VSG. We found generally higher concentrations than literature finding, especially for low molecular weight PAHs, and results of diagnostic ratios highlighted both pyrolytic and petrogenic sources. The potential human health risks due consumption of Ht by local inhabitants have been assessed by exposure daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ) and lifetime cancer risk (CR). EDI values were below the intake range reviewed by EFSA for each class of contaminant. BaP daily intake was below the value of 10 ng/Kg/day, suggested by JFCFA, and CRBaP was slightly higher than the acceptable risk level (ARL) of 1×10(-5). Conversely, target hazard quotient (THQ) resulted always below 1, thus the risk to develop chronic systemic effects due naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, anthracene, fluoranthene and pyrene was low.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Public Health, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Conte
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy. Electronic address: ccopat@unict.it.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Copat
authors.affiliation: Marine Biologist, Freelancer, via San Licandro, 35, 98168, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Longo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Gea Oliveri
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Conti
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Alfina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grasso
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Arena
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dimartino
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences "M. La Greca", Corso Italia, 57, 95129, University of Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Violetta
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Brundo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Margherita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrante
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D059022:Food Safety; D049851:Gastropoda / Q000737:chemistry*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
keywords: CR; Diagnostic ratio; Food Safety; Haliotis spp.; PAHs; THQ