title: Understanding nucleic acid structural changes by comparing wide-angle x-ray scattering (WAXS) experiments to molecular dynamics simulations.
abstract: Wide-angle x-ray scattering (WAXS) is emerging as a powerful tool for increasing the resolution of solution structure measurements of biomolecules. Compared to its better known complement, small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS), WAXS targets higher scattering angles and can enhance structural studies of molecules by accessing finer details of solution structures. Although the extension from SAXS to WAXS is easy to implement experimentally, the computational tools required to fully harness the power of WAXS are still under development. Currently, WAXS is employed to study structural changes and ligand binding in proteins; however, the methods are not as fully developed for nucleic acids. Here, we show how WAXS can qualitatively characterize nucleic acid structures as well as the small but significant structural changes driven by the addition of multivalent ions. We show the potential of WAXS to test all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and to provide insight into understanding how the trivalent ion cobalt(III) hexammine (CoHex) affects the structure of RNA and DNA helices. We find that MD simulations capture the RNA structural change that occurs due to addition of CoHex.
authors.affiliation: School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Suzette A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Pabit
authors.affiliation: School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Andrea M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA.
authors.forename: Igor S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Tolokh
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA.
authors.forename: Aleksander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Drozdetski
authors.affiliation: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA.
authors.forename: Alexey V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Onufriev
authors.affiliation: School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Lois
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pollack
mesh_terms: D003035:Cobalt / Q000737:chemistry; D008956:Models, Chemical; D056004:Molecular Dynamics Simulation; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D053838:Scattering, Small Angle; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D009696:Nucleic Acids; C030862:cobalt ammonium complex; D003035:Cobalt