title: Oxidative Inactivation of Liver Mitochondria in High Fructose Diet-Induced Metabolic Syndrome in Rats: Effect of Glycyrrhizin Treatment.
abstract: Metabolic syndrome is a serious health problem in the present world. Glycyrrhizin, a triterpenoid saponin of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root, has been reported to ameliorate the primary complications and hepatocellular damage in rats with the syndrome. In this study, we have explored metabolic syndrome-induced changes in liver mitochondrial function and effect of glycyrrhizin against the changes. Metabolic syndrome was induced in rats by high fructose (60%) diet for 6 weeks. The rats were then treated with glycyrrhizin (50 mg/kg body weight) by single intra-peritoneal injection. After 2 weeks of the treatment, the rats were sacrificed to collect liver tissue. Elevated mitochondrial ROS, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl, and decreased reduced glutathione content indicated oxidative stress in metabolic syndrome. Loss of mitochondrial inner membrane cardiolipin was observed. Mitochondrial complex I activity did not change but complex IV activity decreased significantly. Mitochondrial MTT reduction ability, membrane potential, phosphate utilisation and oxygen consumption decreased in metabolic syndrome. Reduced mitochondrial aconitase activity and increased aconitase carbonyl content suggested oxidative damage of the enzyme. Elevated Fe(2+) ion level in mitochondria might be associated with increased ROS generation in metabolic syndrome. Glycyrrhizin effectively attenuated mitochondrial oxidative stress and aconitase degradation, and improved electron transport chain activity. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University College of Science, University of Calcutta, 92 Acharyya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata, 700009,, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Rajarshi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sil
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University College of Science, University of Calcutta, 92 Acharyya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata, 700009,, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Abhay Sankar
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Chakraborti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005632:Fructose / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D005632:Fructose; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid
keywords: glycyrrhizin; high fructose diet; metabolic syndrome; mitochondria; oxidative stress