title: Assessment of Anti-HIV-1 Antibodies in Oral and Nasal Compartments of Volunteers From 3 Different Populations.
abstract: In this study, we assessed the feasibility of collecting standardized nasal and salivary samples at centers in Nairobi (Kenya), Kigali (Rwanda), and London (United Kingdom) using different collection devices and media (synthetic absorptive matrices versus flocked swabs, and Salimetrics oral swabs versus whole oral fluid collection). We detected anti-Gag (p24) and envelope (gp140) antibodies in both nasal fluid and salivary collections from all HIV-infected individuals, and cross-reactive anti-p24 antibodies were detected in 10% of HIV-uninfected individuals enrolled at one site. Collections from the nasal turbinates were comparable with samples collected deeper in the nasopharyngeal tract, and the yield of anti-p24 IgA in the whole oral fluid samples was higher than in samples collected from the parotid gland. We noted a trend toward reduced levels of anti-HIV antibody in the volunteers receiving anti-retroviral therapy. Levels of antibodies were stable over multiple collection visits. Overall, this study shows that nasal and salivary samples can be collected in a standardized manner over repeated visits in both low- and high-resource settings. These methods may be used in support for future HIV vaccine clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: *IAVI Human Immunology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; †Kenya AIDS Vaccine Initiative-Institute of Clinical Research, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya; ‡International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York, NY; §Project San Francisco, Kigali, Rwanda; and ‖St. Mary's, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Bergin
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Langat
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Omosa-Manyonyi
authors.forename: Bashir
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Farah
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ouattara
authors.forename: Harriet
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Coutinho
authors.forename: Dagna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Laufer
authors.forename: Pat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fast
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Verlinde
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bizimana
authors.forename: Gisele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Umviligihozo
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nyombayire
authors.forename: Rosine
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ingabire
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuldanek
authors.forename: Josephine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McMorrow
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fidler
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karita
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gilmour
authors.forename: Omu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Anzala
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007630:Kenya; D057230:Limit of Detection; D009055:Mouth / Q000821:virology*; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000821:virology*; D012432:Rwanda; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies