title: Painful and painless shoulder Magnetic Resonance Imaging comparisons in hemodialysis patients and correlation with clinical findings.
abstract: Shoulder pain is frequently observed in haemodialysis patients.
  To compare haemodialysis patients with or without shoulder pain in terms of shoulder motion ranges, β2 microglobulin levels and magnetic resonance imaging findings.
  Forty-three patients undergoing dialysis were enrolled, of which 23 patients had explicit shoulder pain at night, which appeared during dialysis. Range of joint motion was evaluated. β 2 microglobulin value was recorded. MRI was used to evaluate rotator cuff tendons for thickness, homogeneity, integrity and presence of effusion.
  Ranges of motion were significantly lower in the painful shoulder group. Supraspinatus tendon thickness and the number of areas with effusion were higher in the painful group. There was a positive correlation between the β 2 microglobulin level and supraspinatus (r:0.352 p< 0.05) and subscapular (r:0.454 p< 0.05) tendon thicknesses. While effusion areas and pain (r:0.351 p< 0.05) showed positive correlation, there was a negative correlation between pain and shoulder motion ranges.
  Shoulder pain in dialysis patients can be related with tendon thickness and effusion. While the β 2 microglobulin level affects tendon thickness, it has no relation to pain and movement constraint.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hitit University Training and Research Hospital, Corum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayla Cagliyan
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Turk
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hitit University Training and Research Hospital, Corum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nurdan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fidan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
authors.forename: Oguzhan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ozcan
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kolan International Hospital, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ferda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ozdemir
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuzmayıs University, Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Leman
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tomak
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Hitit University Training and Research Hospital, Corum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sultan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozkurt
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fusun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sahin
keywords: Amyloidosis; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; haemodialysis; shoulder pain; β 2 microglobulin