title: Alexithymia, not autism, is associated with impaired interoception.
abstract: It has been proposed that Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is associated with difficulties perceiving the internal state of one's body (i.e., impaired interoception), causing the socio-emotional deficits which are a diagnostic feature of the condition. However, research indicates that alexithymia - characterized by difficulties in recognizing emotions from internal bodily sensations - is also linked to atypical interoception. Elevated rates of alexithymia in the autistic population have been shown to underpin several socio-emotional impairments thought to be symptomatic of ASD, raising the possibility that interoceptive difficulties in ASD are also due to co-occurring alexithymia. Following this line of inquiry, the present study examined the relative impact of alexithymia and autism on interoceptive accuracy (IA). Across two experiments, it was found that alexithymia, not autism, was associated with atypical interoception. Results indicate that interoceptive impairments should not be considered a feature of ASD, but instead due to co-occurring alexithymia.
authors.affiliation: MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, University of London, UK. Electronic address: punit.shah@kcl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Punit
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, University of London, UK; Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck College, London, UK.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, University of London, UK.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Catmur
authors.affiliation: MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, University of London, UK; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK. Electronic address: geoff.bird@kcl.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Geoffrey
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bird
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D000067877:Autism Spectrum Disorder / Q000523:psychology; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D065812:Interoception / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012677:Sensation / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Alexithymia; Autism; Body awareness; Interoception; Interoceptive awareness