title: Reduction of CO2 diffuse emissions from the traditional ceramic industry by the addition of Si-Al raw material.
abstract: The fabrication of ceramics can produce the emission of several gases, denominated exhaust gases, and also vapours resulting from firing processes, which usually contain metals and toxic substances affecting the environment and the health of workers. Especially harmful are the diffuse emissions of CO2, fluorine, chlorine and sulphur from the ceramics industry, which, in highly industrialized areas, can suppose an important emission focus of dangerous effects. Concerning CO2, factories that use carbonate-rich raw materials (>30% carbonates) can emit high concentrations of CO2 to the atmosphere. Thus, carbonate reduction or substitution with other raw materials would reduce the emissions. In this contribution, we propose the addition of Al-shales to the carbonated ceramic materials (marls) for CO2 emission reduction, also improving the quality of the products. The employed shales are inexpensive materials of large reserves in SW-Spain. The ceramic bodies prepared with the addition of selected Al-shale to marls in variable proportions resulted in a 40%-65% CO2 emission reduction. In addition, this research underlines at the same time that the use of a low-price raw material can also contribute to obtaining products with higher added value.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cristalografía, Mineralogía y Química Agrícola, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain. Electronic address: igonza@us.es.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: González
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cristalografía, Mineralogía y Química Agrícola, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain. Electronic address: cbarba@us.es.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barba-Brioso
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cristalografía, Mineralogía y Química Agrícola, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain. Electronic address: pcamposdm@gmail.com.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cristalografía, Mineralogía y Química Agrícola, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain. Electronic address: aromero@us.es.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Cristalografía, Mineralogía y Química Agrícola, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain. Electronic address: egalan@us.es.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Galán
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007220:Industrial Waste; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D007220:Industrial Waste; D002245:Carbon Dioxide
keywords: CO(2); Ceramic industry; Emission reduction; Raw material