title: Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor-5 on the Proliferation of Human Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
abstract: Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising tool for therapeutic applications in cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine, and MSCs from the human palatine tonsils have recently been used as a new tissue source. However, the understanding of the proliferation and differentiation capacity of tonsil-derived MSCs (T-MSCs) is limited. In this study, we compared the proliferative potential of T-MSCs with those of bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) and adipose tissue-derived MSCs (A-MSCs). Additionally, we investigated the underlying mechanism of T-MSC function. We showed that T-MSCs proliferated faster than A-MSCs and BM-MSCs in methylthiazolyl diphenyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assays, cell count assays, and cell cycle distribution analyses. DNA microarray and real-time PCR analyses revealed that the expression of fibroblast growth factor-5 (FGF5) was significantly elevated in T-MSCs compared with those in A-MSCs and BM-MSCs. Cell growth curves showed a difference in cell growth between untreated cells and siFGF5-treated T-MSCs. The administration of recombinant human FGF5 (rhFGF5) to the cells transfected with siFGF5 led to a significant increase in the proliferation rates. The administration of rhFGF5 to T-MSCs led to an increase in the levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2. However, treatment with siFGF5 resulted in an overall decrease in the level of phosphorylated ERK1/2. The osteogenic differentiation of T-MSCs was reduced following siFGF5 transfection, and it recovered to near-normal levels when rhFGF5 was added. These findings indicate that T-MSCs show significantly higher proliferative potential compared with those of BM-MSCs and A-MSCs. FGF5 facilitates cell proliferation through ERK1/2 activation, and it influences the osteogenic differentiation of T-MSCs.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Changwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Gi Cheol
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Chan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jeon Yeob
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University , Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Choon
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Geun
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University , Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Byung-Joo
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University , Yangsan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Sup
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology; D000328:Adult; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D051521:Fibroblast Growth Factor 5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000166:cytology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C496449:FGF5 protein, human; D051521:Fibroblast Growth Factor 5