title: Caloric restriction and aerobic exercise in sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic obese women: an observational and retrospective study.
abstract: Sarcopenic obese (SO) individuals are a unique subset of subjects that combines obesity and sarcopenia. Traditional weight loss programmes including aerobic exercises may worsen their condition by further reducing their lean mass. The objective of this observational and retrospective study was to verify the effect of a mixed weight loss programme combining caloric restriction and exercise on body composition, and lipid-lipoprotein profile of obese women according to their sarcopenic status.
  
  
  
  One hundred and forty-six obese women (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m(2) and fat mass ≥ 40%) participated to the 3 week usual and institutionalized weight-reducing programme combining a dietary plan (1400 ± 200 kcal/day) and aerobic exercise (1 h/day, 6 days/week) of a specialized medical institution. The lean body mass index (LMI; lean mass/height(2)) was calculated, and women in the lowest tertile of LMI were considered SO.
  
  
  
  At baseline, SO women were older, and their body weight and LMI were lower than non-sarcopenic obese (N-SO) women (p < 0.05). N-SO and SO women similarly lost fat mass and improved their lipid-lipoprotein profile (p < 0.05), while differences in LMI between groups persisted at the end of the weight-reducing programme. Indeed, N-SO women lost lean mass (p < 0.05) while SO did not.
  
  
  
  These findings suggest that a short weight loss programme combining caloric restriction and aerobic exercise may significantly reduce fat mass and improve lipid-lipoprotein profile in obese women, independently of their sarcopenic status. Such programmes may have deleterious effects on lean mass in N-SO subjects, only.
authors.affiliation: Département de Biologie Université du Québec À Montréal Montréal Canada; Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée Université du Québec À Montréal Montréal Canada.
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barbat-Artigas
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sport Sciences and Human Kinetics Université P. Sabatier Toulouse France.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garnier
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sport Sciences and Human Kinetics Université P. Sabatier Toulouse France.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Joffroy
authors.affiliation: University of Sherbrooke, and Research Center on Aging CSSS-IUGS Sherbrooke Canada.
authors.forename: Éléonor
authors.initials: É
authors.lastname: Riesco
authors.affiliation: Clinique du Château de Vernhes Bondigoux France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sanguignol
authors.affiliation: Service de Médecine Interne et de Gérontologie Clinique Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Hôpital La Grave-Casselardit Toulouse France; Unité Inserm 1027 Faculté de Médecine de Toulouse Toulouse France.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vellas
authors.affiliation: Service de Médecine Interne et de Gérontologie Clinique Gérontopôle de Toulouse, Hôpital La Grave-Casselardit Toulouse France; Unité Inserm 1027 Faculté de Médecine de Toulouse Toulouse France.
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rolland
authors.affiliation: Unité Inserm 1027 Faculté de Médecine de Toulouse Toulouse France; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health and Gerontopole, Department of Geriatric Medicine Toulouse University Hospital Toulouse France.
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Andrieu
authors.affiliation: Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée Université du Québec À Montréal Montréal Canada; Département de Kinanthropologie Université du Québec À Montréal Montréal Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM) Montréal Canada.
authors.forename: Mylène
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aubertin-Leheudre
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology Université Laval, Québec Canada.
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mauriège
keywords: Aerobic exercise; Diet; Lean body mass; Lipid‐lipoprotein profile