title: Chemical characterization of the main bioactive constituents from fruits of Ziziphus jujuba.
abstract: The fruit of Ziziphus jujuba Mill., also called hongzao in Chinese, has a long history of cultivation in China. From the fruit of Z. jujuba, twenty-seven known compounds were isolated and identified as the main constituents of these fruits. They were 3-O-(trans-p-coumaroyl)-alphitolic acid (1), 3-O-(cis-p-coumaroyl)-alphitolic acid (2), 3β-O-(trans-p-coumaroyl)-maslinic acid (3), pomonic acid (4), 2-oxo-pomolic acid (5), benthamic acid (6), terminic acid (7), oleanic acid (8), betulinic acid (9), quercetin 3-O-rutinoside (10), quercetin 3-O-robinobioside (11), apigenin (12), traumatic acid (13), (Z)-4-oxotetradec-5-enoic acid (14), 7(E)-9-keto-hexadec-7-enoic acid (15), 9(E)-11-oxo-octadecenoic acid (9CI) (16), and magnoflorine (27), etc. The HPLC fingerprint of Z. jujuba fruits was established at the same time. Compounds 4, 5, 7, 11, 14, 15 and 16 were isolated from Z. jujuba for the first time. Compound 14 was isolated from the nature for the first time. Furthermore, cytotoxicity against four human tumor cell lines (MCF-7, A549, HepG2 and HT-29) of the isolated compounds (1-17 and 27) was evaluated. Among these compounds, compounds 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 9 and 12 had strong growth inhibitory effects on cancer cell lines. These results indicated that jujube extracts exhibited cytotoxicity on these cancer cell lines.
authors.affiliation: College of Chemical Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China. nsbai@nwu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qingchao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xueqin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Sen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chi-Tang
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Naisheng
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bai
mesh_terms: D000072283:A549 Cells; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D019073:HT29 Cells; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011794:Quercetin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D031957:Ziziphus / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C000624444:3-O-p-coumaroylalphitolic acid; D005960:Glucosides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014315:Triterpenes; C404204:quercetin-3-O-rutinoside; D011794:Quercetin