title: Hepatoprotective effects of allyl isothiocyanate against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rat.
abstract: We evaluated the hepatoprotective activity of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in rats. Sprague Dawley rats were orally administered AITC at doses of 5 (AITC 5) and 50 (AITC 50) mg/kg body weight once daily for 3 days, with or without intraperitoneal injection of CCl4. Serum chemistry was assessed for changes in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were examined in liver tissues, while pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) mRNA expression were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. And heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and ionized calcium binding protein-1 (Iba-1) immunoreactivities were evaluated by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry, respectively. In serum chemistry, the oral administration of AITC itself did not affect the serum levels of ALT or AST, furthermore pretreatment with AITC 5 and AITC 50 significantly reduced the ALT and AST activity levels that were elevated in CCl4-intoxicated rats. In addition, AITC significantly suppressed the reduction of SOD and CAT, and the elevation of MDA, TNF-α mRNA expression, on the other hands, induced the expression of HO-1 compared with those of the vehicle-treated CCl4 group. The histopathological evaluation and Iba-1 immunoreactivity also supported the hepatoprotective effects of AITC against CCl4-induced liver injury. These results suggest that AITC ameliorates oxidative liver injury, possibly through reducing lipid peroxidation, enhancing antioxidant enzymes, and suppressing Kupffer cells and macrophages.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Meejung
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Uehara 207, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan.
authors.forename: Jeongtae
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyojin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jihwan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Jeju Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Seoguipo City, Jeju 63608, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kimgk350@jejutp.or.kr.
authors.forename: Gi Ok
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: shint@jejunu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Taekyun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000633:toxicity; D002374:Catalase / Q000032:analysis; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017879:Isothiocyanates / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000032:analysis; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000032:analysis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C100745:Aif1 protein, rat; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D017879:Isothiocyanates; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D020011:Protective Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D008315:Malondialdehyde; C004471:allyl isothiocyanate; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D002374:Catalase; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase
keywords: Allyl isothiocyanate; Carbon tetrachloride; Heme oxygenase-1; Hepatoprotection