title: Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of Siluriformes from the Paraguay River basin, Brazil.
abstract: The objective of this study was to identify, through the DNA barcode, fishable Siluriformes which were collected from the Paraguay River basin in Pantanal. It was analyzed for genetic distance calculation using the Kimura-two-model parameters and the dendrogram was builtusing the Neighbour-Joining algorithm. The average genetic distance within species, genus and families were 0.2%, 1.6% and 4.2%, respectively. These values were lower than those reported in studies from other continents, probably due to the recent radiation process undergone by Neotropical fish. The dendrogram revealed two possible cases of hybridization, one individual Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, it was not possible to identify whether it was a natural event or commercial production exhaust and other of Pimelodus cf. argenteus leading to the assumption that the aspects of reproductive isolation cannot be clearly defined. Besides, the populations of the species Hemisorubim platyrhynchos and e Platydora armatulus may be undergoing a substructuring process, with genetic differences 3% and 4%, respectively.
authors.affiliation: a Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus de Aquidauana , MS , Brazil.
authors.forename: Thalles Policarpo
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: de Carvalho Lima
authors.affiliation: b Embrapa Beef Cattle , Campo Grande , MS , Brazil.
authors.forename: Andréa Alves
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: do Egito
authors.affiliation: b Embrapa Beef Cattle , Campo Grande , MS , Brazil.
authors.forename: Gelson Luís Dias
authors.initials: GLD
authors.lastname: Feijó
authors.affiliation: b Embrapa Beef Cattle , Campo Grande , MS , Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodiney
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Arruda Mauro
authors.affiliation: a Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus de Aquidauana , MS , Brazil.
authors.forename: André Luiz Julien
authors.initials: ALJ
authors.lastname: Ferraz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D002397:Catfishes / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D058893:DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic / Q000379:methods*; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D045483:Rivers
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D029941:Fish Proteins
keywords: COI; Catfish; Pantanal; freshwater fish; mitochondrial DNA; neotropics