title: Antigenotoxic and Antioxidant Properties of Solanum cernuum and Its Alkaloid, Cernumidine.
abstract: Solanum cernuum VE. has been used extensively for the treatment of urinary disorders, gonorrhea and skin infections; cernumidine is a major component of S. cernuum (SC) hydroalcoholic extract. The micronucleus test in V79 cells was used to evaluate the genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of SC and cernumidine. For antigenotoxicity assessment, methyl methanesulfonate (MMS, 44 µg/mL) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 3.5 µg/mL) were added as inducers of chromosome damage. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test. Significantly higher frequencies of micronuclei were observed in cell cultures treated with SC concentrations of 160 and 320 µg/mL in comparison with the negative control, demonstrating a genotoxic effect. There was no significant difference in the frequency of micronuclei between cell cultures treated with a combination of SC and MMS and those treated only with MMS. On the other hand, a significant reduction in the frequency of micronuclei was observed for V79 cells treated with SC or cernumidine plus H2O2 compared to those treated only with H2O2. Furthermore, SC and cernumidine were able to scavenge free radicals in the DPPH assay. Thus, the protective effect of SC and cernumidine against H2O2 can be attributed to antioxidant activity.
authors.affiliation: Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201 - Parque Universitário, University of Franca.
authors.forename: Jaqueline Lopes
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Damasceno
authors.forename: Pollyanna Francielli
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: Mariza Abreu
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Jairo Kenupp
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Bastos
authors.forename: Denise Crispim
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Tavares
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000633:toxicity; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D003412:Cricetulus; D004249:DNA Damage; D006146:Guanidines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate / Q000633:toxicity; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity; D016877:Oxidants / Q000633:toxicity; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D018515:Plant Leaves; D032322:Solanum
chemical_list: D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D006146:Guanidines; D009153:Mutagens; D016877:Oxidants; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; C000613730:cernumidine; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl