title: Anxious temperament as a risk factor of suicide attempt.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Suicide has been reported to be associated with cyclothymic, irritable, depressive and anxious temperaments. In contrast, hyperthymic temperament has been reported to be protective against suicide. In the present study, we hypothesized that Japanese patients with suicide attempt may have higher scores of cyclothymic, irritable, depressive, and anxious temperaments but lower scores of hyperthymic temperament than non-suicidal patients. In order to examine this hypothesis, we investigated Japanese patients of a university emergency center.
  
  
  METHODS
  The association of temperament and suicide attempt was investigated in 116 patients referred to a university emergency center for intoxication or injury. Of them, 35 patients of suspected suicide attempt were categorized as 18 patients who intended to die with attempted suicide and suffered from self-inflicted but not fatal injury (Suicide Attempt II), 4 patients whose intention to die were undetermined although they suffered from self-inflicted injury (Undetermined Suicide-Related Behavior II), and 13 patients who had no intention to die although they suffered from self-inflicted injury (Self-Harm II). Logistic regression analyses and multiple regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with the present suicide attempt and the number of suicide attempts, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Anxious temperament scores were significantly and directly associated with Suicide Attempt II group whereas irritable temperament scores were associated with Self-Harm II group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present findings suggest that those with anxious temperament may have more suicide attempts than those with other temperaments, indicating anxious temperament as a risk factor of suicide attempt.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Trauma, Emergency and Critical Care Center, Oita University Faculty of Medicine.
authors.forename: Sanshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine. Electronic address: terao@oita-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terao
authors.affiliation: Advanced Trauma, Emergency and Critical Care Center, Oita University Faculty of Medicine; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine.
authors.forename: Ippei
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shiotsuki
authors.affiliation: Advanced Trauma, Emergency and Critical Care Center, Oita University Faculty of Medicine; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanehisa
authors.affiliation: Advanced Trauma, Emergency and Critical Care Center, Oita University Faculty of Medicine.
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.affiliation: Advanced Trauma, Emergency and Critical Care Center, Oita University Faculty of Medicine.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Shigemitsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Japan.
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujiki
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine; Hoaki hospital, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hoaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007508:Irritable Mood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012652:Self Mutilation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D013405:Suicide / Q000523:psychology; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000523:psychology*; D013694:Temperament; D055815:Young Adult