title: The nanocrystalline coordination polymer of AMT-Ag for an effective detection of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulation and biological fluid.
abstract: The present report highlights a cost effective and portable AMT-Ag nanocrystalline coordination polymer (NCCP) based electrochemical sensor for an efficient sensing of biologically active drug molecule ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CFX). The AMT-Ag NCCP, is synthesized using an easily accessible organic ligand 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (AMT) with silver nitrate. In the infinite polymer array of AMT-Ag, silver (I) centers are bridged by tecton AMT through the exocyclic thiol and amino linkage. A successful ultra‒trace detection of CFX has been achieved due to the prominent electron channeling through the pores of polymeric nano-crystallites. The efficient charge transfer arises at the interface of electrolyte and AMT-Ag nano-crystals anchored electrode through hydrophobic interaction and π-π electron coupling. The voltammogram reveals the critical redox features of CFX and provides a clear representation about the steps involved in the AMT-Ag assisted oxidation of CFX. This specific signature further applied in the voltammetric assay of CFX in pharmaceutical formulation (eye drops) and biological fluid (urine) by a significantly high sensitivity (0.002µA/µM and 0.007µA/µM) and detection limit (22nM and 60nM) respectively without any interference. Therefore, the developed AMT-Ag NCCP could serve as a highly valuable platform for the fabrication of high-performance electrochemical sensors for the detection of biologically important drug molecules.
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
authors.forename: Madhu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
authors.forename: Ashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
authors.forename: Uma
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Shankar
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India. Electronic address: rprakash.mst@iitbhu.ac.in.
authors.forename: Rajiv
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Prakash
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000652:urine*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000032:analysis* / Q000652:urine*; D056831:Coordination Complexes / Q000737:chemistry; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000737:chemistry; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry*; D013830:Thiadiazoles / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D056831:Coordination Complexes; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D013830:Thiadiazoles; D012834:Silver; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; C000592181:2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole
keywords: 2–Amino–5–mercapto–1,3,4–thiadiazole; Biological fluid; Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride; Electron channeling; Nanocrystalline–coordination polymer; Nano–structured sensor