title: Comparison of archaeal and bacterial communities in two sponge species and seawater from an Indonesian coral reef environment.
abstract: Most existing coral reef studies have focused on a single biotope and a single domain (Archaea or Bacteria). Few coral reef studies have explored the archaeal and bacterial community simultaneously. In this study, we compare the diversity and composition of archaeal and bacterial communities in seawater and two closely related sponge species (Stylissa carteri and Stylissa massa) in the Berau reef system, Indonesia. A 16S rRNA gene barcoded pyrosequencing approach was used to test to what extent seawater, S. carteri and S. massa host compositionally distinct communities of Archaea and Bacteria. Proteobacteria dominated the bacterial communities of all three studied biotopes whereas Euryarchaeota was the most abundant archaeal phylum in seawater and Crenarchaeota the most abundant archaeal phylum in both Stylissa species. Biotopes explained 56% and 53% of the variation in archaeal and bacterial composition respectively and there was significant congruence between the composition of archaeal and bacterial communities. These results suggest that the processes that drive bacterial composition within the studied biotopes may be fundamentally similar to those that drive archaeal composition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal. Electronic address: ritapolonia@ua.pt.
authors.forename: Ana Rita Moura
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Polónia
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal. Electronic address: cleary@ua.pt.
authors.forename: Daniel Francis Richard
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Cleary
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal. Electronic address: rossana.freitas@ua.pt.
authors.forename: Rossana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal. Electronic address: franciscorcoelho@ua.pt.
authors.forename: Francisco José Riso da Costa
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.affiliation: Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. Electronic address: nicole.devoogd@naturalis.nl.
authors.forename: Nicole Joy
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: de Voogd
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal. Electronic address: gomesncm@ua.pt.
authors.forename: Newton Carlos Marcial
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Gomes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001105:Archaea / Q000235:genetics*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics*; D044822:Biodiversity; D057894:Coral Reefs; D007214:Indonesia; D064307:Microbiota; D011161:Porifera / Q000382:microbiology*; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: 16S rRNA gene; Berau reef system; Procrustes; Pyrosequencing; Stylissa carteri; Stylissa massa