title: Influence of mannitol concentration on the physicochemical, mechanical and pharmaceutical properties of lyophilised mannitol.
abstract: Mannitol is a pharmaceutical excipient that is receiving increased popularity in solid dosage forms. The aim of this study was to provide comparative evaluation on the effect of mannitol concentration on the physicochemical, mechanical, and pharmaceutical properties of lyophilised mannitol. The results showed that the physicochemical, mechanical and pharmaceutical properties of lyophilised mannitol powders are strong functions of mannitol concentration. By decreasing mannitol concentration, the true density, bulk density, cohesivity, flowability, netcharge-to-mass ratio, and relative degree of crystallinity of LM were decreased, whereas the breakability, size distribution, and size homogeneity of lyophilised mannitol particles were increased. The mechanical properties of lyophilised mannitol tablets improved with decreasing mannitol concentration. The use of lyophilised mannitol has profoundly improved the dissolution rate of indomethacin from tablets in comparison to commercial mannitol. This improvement exhibited an increasing trend with decreasing mannitol concentration. In conclusion, mannitols lyophilised from lower concentrations are more desirable in tableting than mannitols from higher concentrations due to their better mechanical and dissolution properties.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, UK. Electronic address: w.kaialy@wlv.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Waseem
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kaialy
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, UK.
authors.forename: Usman
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, UK.
authors.forename: Shadan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mawlud
mesh_terms: D055598:Chemical Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005612:Freeze Drying / Q000379:methods; D008353:Mannitol / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D008353:Mannitol
keywords: Dissolution; Freeze-drying (lyophilisation); Indomethacin; Indomethacin (PubChem CID: 3715); Mannitol; Micromeritic and bulk properties; Molecular; Tablets; d-Mannitol (PubChem CID: 6251)