title: Minoxidil for Treatment of Resistant Hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease--A Retrospective Cohort Analysis.
abstract: Resistant hypertension is still a challenge and reserve antihypertensive agents are often necessary to achieve blood pressure control. One reserve antihypertensive is minoxidil, a direct vasodilator that is known for its strong blood pressure-lowering effect, but contemporary studies are sparse. The authors retrospectively analyzed 54 inpatients with uncontrolled hypertension despite the combined use of current antihypertensive agents. To investigate the effect of minoxidil when added to other antihypertensive agents, blood pressure was evaluated at the time minoxidil treatment was initiated and at discharge. Minoxidil treatment was associated with a significant reduction in blood pressure from 162.4±15.1/83.2±12.7 mm Hg to 135.8±12.2/72.8±6.9 mm Hg (P<.0001). This effect was sustained across all analyzed subgroups. Although the well-known adverse events of minoxidil limit its widespread use, these data show that minoxidil as a reserve antihypertensive agent still has a niche indication in the particular subgroup of patients with treatment-resistant or uncontrolled hypertension.
authors.affiliation: 5th Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany. heiko.mundt@umm.de.
authors.forename: Heiko M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Mundt
authors.affiliation: 5th Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matenaer
authors.affiliation: 5th Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lammert
authors.affiliation: Department for Nephrology, Hypertension and Dialyses, Hôpital Kirchberg, Luxembourg-Kirchberg, Luxembourg.
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Göttmann
authors.affiliation: 5th Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Bernhard K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Krämer
authors.affiliation: 5th Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Birck
authors.affiliation: 5th Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Urs
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Benck
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007297:Inpatients; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008914:Minoxidil / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D008914:Minoxidil