title: Overweight adolescents with type 2 diabetes have significantly higher lipoprotein abnormalities than those with type 1 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diabetes-associated glucoregulatory derangements may precipitate atherogenesis in childhood and CVD risk, particularly with obesity. We aimed to delineate lipoprotein profile differences between children with type 1 and 2 diabetes who are overweight/obese.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were obtained from electronic medical records of patients ≥85th BMI percentile with type 1 (n=159) and type 2 (n=77) diabetes, ages 12-19y. Group differences were evaluated by correlations and general linear modeling analysis, adjusting for BMI, HbA1c, and diabetes duration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no group differences in TC, LDL, or non-HDL. Fewer subjects with type 1 diabetes had low HDL (17 vs. 30%; P<0.05). While no difference in HbA1c level was observed between groups, HbA1c was positively correlated with TC (P≤0.0001), LDL (P≤0.0001), non-HDL (P≤0.0001), ApoB100 (P≤0.0001), and LDL pattern B (P≤0.0001). In adjusted models, apoB100 (85.4 vs. 91.3mg/dl; P<0.05) and incidence of LDL pattern B (21 vs. 42%; P<0.01) were lower in subjects with type 1 diabetes. BMI was inversely correlated with HDL, HDL-2 and HDL-3 (all P≤0.0001). The correlation of BMI with HDL-2 and HDL-3 were attenuated when evaluating subjects by diabetes type.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite having no difference in absolute LDL levels, children with type 2 diabetes were more likely to have small, dense LDL particle pattern, higher apo B100 and lower total HDL, HDL-2, and HDL-3 fractions. Furthermore, poor glycemic control was associated with abnormal lipoprotein profiles in patients with both type 1 and 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics/Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Children's of Alabama, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), CPPII M30, 1601 4th Ave S., Birmingham, AL 35233, United States.
authors.forename: Lynae J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Hanks
authors.affiliation: UAB School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave South, Birmingham, AL 35294-0113, United States.
authors.forename: James Heath
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Pelham
authors.affiliation: UAB School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave South, Birmingham, AL 35294-0113, United States.
authors.forename: Shalini
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vaid
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics/Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, CPP1 310, 1601 4th Ave S., Birmingham, AL 35233-1711, United States.
authors.forename: Krista
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Casazza
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics/Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Children's of Alabama, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), CPPII M30, 1601 4th Ave S., Birmingham, AL 35233, United States. Electronic address: AAshraf@peds.uab.edu.
authors.forename: Ambika P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Ashraf
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000407:Alabama / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008074:Lipoproteins
keywords: Cardiovascular diseases; Lipoprotein profile; Pediatric obesity; Type 1 diabetes; Type 2 diabetes