title: Biceps Lesion Associated With Rotator Cuff Tears: Open Subpectoral and Arthroscopic Intracuff Tenodesis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Various tenodesis methods are being used for long head of the biceps tendon lesions. However, there is no consensus on the most appropriate surgical method.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  There are significant differences in incidence of cosmetic deformity and persistent bicipital pain between open subpectoral and arthroscopic intracuff tenodesis groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 72 patients who underwent biceps tenodesis and rotator cuff repair between January 2009 and May 2014 and who were followed for at least 1 year. Open subpectoral tenodesis was performed in 39 patients (group A), and arthroscopic intracuff tenodesis was performed in 33 patients (group B).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group A, the mean visual analog scale (VAS) score for pain during motion and mean University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and Constant scores significantly improved from 4.6, 18.6, and 64.5 preoperatively to 1.9, 30.5, and 86.5 at last follow-up, respectively (P < .001 for all). In group B, these scores significantly improved from 5.1, 17.6, and 62.9 preoperatively to 1.8, 31.5, and 85.9 at last follow-up, respectively (P < .001 for all). Popeye deformity was noted in 2 (5.2%) patients from group A and 5 (15.6%) patients from group B (P = .231). Additionally, persistent bicipital tenderness was noted in 1 (2.6%) patient from group A and 8 (24.2%) patients from group B (P = .012).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both open subpectoral tenodesis and arthroscopic intracuff tenodesis show good clinical outcomes for long head of the biceps tendon lesions. However, open subpectoral tenodesis may be more appropriate, considering the low incidence of Popeye deformity and tenderness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ho Yeon
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Youn
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shoulder & Elbow Clinic, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Nam Su
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shoulder & Elbow Clinic, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Girl
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Rhee
keywords: biceps tendon; intracuff tenodesis; shoulder; soft tissue tenodesis; subpectoral tenodesis; tenodesis