title: Shot and Patronin polarise microtubules to direct membrane traffic and biogenesis of microvilli in epithelia.
abstract: In epithelial tissues, polarisation of microtubules and actin microvilli occurs along the apical-basal axis of each cell, yet how these cytoskeletal polarisation events are coordinated remains unclear. Here, we examine the hierarchy of events during cytoskeletal polarisation in Drosophila melanogaster epithelia. Core apical-basal polarity determinants polarise the spectrin cytoskeleton to recruit the microtubule-binding proteins Patronin (CAMSAP1, CAMSAP2 and CAMSAP3 in humans) and Shortstop [Shot; MACF1 and BPAG1 (also known as DST) in humans] to the apical membrane domain. Patronin and Shot then act to polarise microtubules along the apical-basal axis to enable apical transport of Rab11 endosomes by the Nuf-Dynein microtubule motor complex. Finally, Rab11 endosomes are transferred to the MyoV (also known as Didum in Drosophila) actin motor to deliver the key microvillar determinant Cadherin 99C to the apical membrane to organise the biogenesis of actin microvilli.
authors.affiliation: The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK.
authors.forename: Ichha
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Khanal
authors.affiliation: The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Elbediwy
authors.affiliation: The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK.
authors.forename: Maria Del Carmen
authors.initials: Mdel C
authors.lastname: Diaz de la Loza
authors.affiliation: The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK.
authors.forename: Georgina C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Fletcher
authors.affiliation: The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK barry.thompson@crick.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Barry J
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0103-040X
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016764:Cell Polarity / Q000235:genetics; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics; D004848:Epithelium / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008870:Microtubules / Q000235:genetics; D008871:Microvilli / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D024701:Myosin Type V / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000235:genetics; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000099193:rab11 GTP-Binding Proteins
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D024701:Myosin Type V; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins; C116040:didum protein, Drosophila; C553301:patronin protein, Drosophila; C450828:shot protein, Drosophila; C559123:Rab11 protein, Drosophila; D000099193:rab11 GTP-Binding Proteins
keywords: Drosophila; Epithelia; Microtubules; Microvilli; Polarity; Spectrin