title: A Multilayer Perceptron Based Smart Pathological Brain Detection System by Fractional Fourier Entropy.
abstract: This work aims at developing a novel pathological brain detection system (PBDS) to assist neuroradiologists to interpret magnetic resonance (MR) brain images. We simplify this problem as recognizing pathological brains from healthy brains. First, 12 fractional Fourier entropy (FRFE) features were extracted from each brain image. Next, we submit those features to a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) classifier. Two improvements were proposed for MLP. One improvement is the pruning technique that determines the optimal hidden neuron number. We compared three pruning techniques: dynamic pruning (DP), Bayesian detection boundaries (BDB), and Kappa coefficient (KC). The other improvement is to use the adaptive real-coded biogeography-based optimization (ARCBBO) to train the biases and weights of MLP. The experiments showed that the proposed FRFE + KC-MLP + ARCBBO achieved an average accuracy of 99.53 % based on 10 repetitions of K-fold cross validation, which was better than 11 recent PBDS methods.
authors.affiliation: School of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.|Key Laboratory of Statistical Information Technology and Data Mining, State Statistics Bureau, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610225, China.|Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry Of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China.|State Key Lab of CAD & CG, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China.
authors.forename: Yudong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China.|State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Shepherd University, Shepherdstown, WV, 25443, USA.
authors.forename: Preetha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians, & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.|Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China.
authors.forename: Xingxing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: School of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China. wangshuihua@njnu.edu.cn.|Key Laboratory of Statistical Information Technology and Data Mining, State Statistics Bureau, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610225, China. wangshuihua@njnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shuihua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer
keywords: Biogeography-based optimization; Fractional Fourier entropy; Multilayer perceptron; Pathological brain detection system; Pruning; Real-coded