title: Self-gated cardiac cine imaging using phase information.
abstract: To obtain multiphase cardiac cine images with high resolution, a novel self-gating method for both cardiac and respiratory motions is proposed.
  
  
  
  The proposed method uses the phase of projection data obtained from a separate axial slice to measure cardiac and respiratory motion, after the acquisition of every k-space line in the image plane. Cardiac motion is estimated from the phase of the projection data passing through the aorta, which is amplified by superior-inferior directional bipolar gradients, whereas respiratory motion is estimated from the phase of the left-right directional projection data of the abdomen. To verify the proposed self-gating method, a simulation and in vivo steady state free precession cardiac imaging were performed.
  
  
  
  The proposed method provides high resolution multiphase cardiac cine images. Using the proposed self-gating method, the phase variation of the projection data offers information about cardiac and respiratory motions that is equivalent to external gating devices.
  
  
  
  The proposed method can capture time-resolved cardiac and respiratory motion from the phase information of the projection data. Because the projection data is obtained from a separate gating slice, the self-gating signals are not affected by imaging planes. Magn Reson Med 77:1216-1222, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyunseok
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dongchan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Changheun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: HyunWook
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D055424:Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D055425:Respiratory-Gated Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
keywords: cardiac cine; cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR); free-breathing; self-gating; steady state free precession (SSFP)