title: Regulation of Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Oncogenesis by RNA-Binding Proteins.
abstract: Throughout their life span, multicellular organisms rely on stem cell systems. During development pluripotent embryonic stem cells give rise to all cell types that make up the organism. After birth, tissue stem cells maintain properly functioning tissues and organs under homeostasis as well as promote regeneration after tissue damage or injury. Stem cells are capable of self-renewal, which is the ability to divide indefinitely while retaining the potential of differentiation into multiple cell types. The ability to self-renew, however, is a double-edged sword; the molecular mechanisms of self-renewal can be a target of malignant transformation driving tumor development and progression. Growing lines of evidence have shown that RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play pivotal roles in the regulation of self-renewal by modulating metabolism of coding and non-coding RNAs both in normal tissues and in cancers. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of tissue stem cell systems and how RBPs regulate stem cell fates as well as how the regulatory functions of RBPs contribute to oncogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 500 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
authors.forename: Ayuna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 500 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Buac
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 500 D.W. Brooks Drive, Athens, GA, 30602, USA. ito@bmb.uga.edu.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000502:physiology; D000066673:Cell Self Renewal / Q000502:physiology*; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins
keywords: C/EBPα; Cancer development; Cancer progression; Cancer stem cells; Differentiation; EWS; Embryonic stem cells; Heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein E2; HuR/Elav; IGF2BP/IMP; Lin28; Musashi; Notch; Numb; Oncogenesis; PUM; Pluripotent stem cells; Regeneration; Self-renewal; TLS; Tissue stem cells; Tumor-initiating cells; Wnt; eIF4E; hnRNP E2