title: Relationship between anemia and depressive mood in the last trimester of pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the relationship between the severity of anemia and depressive mood in the last trimester of pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study, enrolled a total of 450 pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinics in their third trimester for their routine antenatal follow-up. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. The study group was divided into two groups according to presence of anemia; anemic group (Hb < 11 gr/L; n = 150) and non-anemic group (Hb ≥ 11 gr/L; n = 300) and depression scores were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and fourteen (25.3%) women scored ≥13 points which were considered the cutoff value for depression on the EPDS. Anemia frequency was found as 33.3%. The total EPDS score was significantly higher in the anemic group (EPDS score 11 [min-max 0-29]) compared with the non-anemic group (EPDS score 7 [min-max 0-21]) (p = 0.000). Multiple regression analysis also revealed that serum Hb level was an independent factor for antenatal depressive mood.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As anemia is associated with higher depressive symptom levels, it should be carefully considered during pregnancy. Prospective studies are needed to confirm our results.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Womens' Health Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: Elif
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yılmaz
authors.affiliation: b Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak, Maternity and Womens' Health Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: Zehra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yılmaz
authors.affiliation: c Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Gaziosmanpasa University School of Medicine , Tokat , Turkey.
authors.forename: Bülent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Çakmak
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Womens' Health Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: İsmail Burak
authors.initials: İB
authors.lastname: Gültekin
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Womens' Health Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: Yasemin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Çekmez
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Womens' Health Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: Selma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahmutoğlu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Womens' Health Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: Tuncay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Küçüközkan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D000740:Anemia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D019052:Depression, Postpartum / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third / Q000523:psychology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Anemia; depressive mood; pregnancy; third trimester