title: Methods for determining the antimicrobial susceptibility of mycobacteria.
abstract: Mycobacteria are a large group of microorganisms, multiple species of which are major causes of morbidity and mortality, such as tuberculosis and leprosy. At present, the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex are one of the most serious health problems worldwide. Furthermore, in contrast to M. tuberculosis and Mycobacterium leprae, non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are more frequently isolated and, in many cases, treatment is based on drug susceptibility testing. This article is a review of the different methods to determine the in vitro drug susceptibility of M. tuberculosis complex and the most relevant NTM isolates. The molecular techniques currently used for rapid detection of resistance of clinical specimens are also analysed.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Departament de Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Universitat de Barcelona. GEIM (SEIMC), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España. Electronic address: falcaide@bellvitgehospital.cat.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alcaide
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología Clínica, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM). GEIM (SEIMC), Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Esteban
authors.affiliation: Servei de Microbiologia-CDB, Hospital Clínic-ISGLOBAL, Departament de Fonaments Clínics, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona. GEIM (SEIMC), Barcelona, España.
authors.forename: Julià
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: González-Martin
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Referencia Regional de Micobacterias, Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. GEIM (SEIMC), Oviedo, Asturias, España.
authors.forename: Juan-José
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Palacios
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; D009161:Mycobacterium / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects*; D009164:Mycobacterium Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000995:Antitubercular Agents
keywords: Mecanismos de resistencia; Micobacterias; Mycobacteria; Prueba de sensibilidad; Resistance mechanisms; Susceptibility testing