title: Identification of an anti-inflammatory potential of Eriodictyon angustifolium compounds in human gingival fibroblasts.
abstract: Polyphenol-rich plant extracts have been shown to possess anti-inflammatory activity against oral pathogen-induced cytokine release in model systems of inflammation. Here, it was hypothesized that a flavanone-rich extract of E. angustifolium exhibits an anti-inflammatory potential against endotoxin-induced inflammatory response in human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1). HGF-1 cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis (pg-LPS) to release pro-inflammatory cytokines. Concentrations of interleukins IL-6 and IL-8 and macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 in the incubation media upon stimulation were determined by means of magnetic bead analysis. A crude ethanol/water extract of E. angustifolium (EE) was fractionated via gel permeation chromatography into a flavanone-rich fraction (FF) and an erionic acid-rich fraction (EF). Individual flavanones and erionic acids as well as EE, EF and FF were tested in the pg-LPS-stimulated HGF-1 cells for their anti-inflammatory potential. The E. angustifolium extract possessed anti-inflammatory potential in this model system, attenuating the pg-LPS-induced release of IL-6 by up to 52.0 ± 15.5%. Of the individual flavanones, eriodictyol and naringenin had the most pronounced effect. However, a mixture of the flavanones did not possess the same effect as the entire flavanoid fraction, indicating that other compounds may contribute to the anti-inflammatory potential of E. angustifolium. For the first time, an anti-inflammatory potential of E. angustifolium and containing erionic acids has been determined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional and Physiological Chemistry, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Bioactive Aroma Compounds, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria. Jessica.Walker@univie.ac.at.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.affiliation: Symrise AG, Mühlenfeldstrasse, 37603 Holzminden, Germany.
authors.forename: Katharina V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Reichelt
authors.affiliation: Symrise AG, Mühlenfeldstrasse, 37603 Holzminden, Germany.
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Obst
authors.affiliation: Symrise AG, Mühlenfeldstrasse, 37603 Holzminden, Germany.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Widder
authors.affiliation: Symrise AG, Mühlenfeldstrasse, 37603 Holzminden, Germany.
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hans
authors.affiliation: Symrise AG, Mühlenfeldstrasse, 37603 Holzminden, Germany.
authors.forename: Gerhard E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Krammer
authors.affiliation: Symrise AG, Mühlenfeldstrasse, 37603 Holzminden, Germany.
authors.forename: Jakob P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ley
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional and Physiological Chemistry, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Bioactive Aroma Compounds, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria. Jessica.Walker@univie.ac.at.
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Somoza
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D031322:Eriodictyon / Q000737:chemistry*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D044950:Flavanones / Q000494:pharmacology; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D044950:Flavanones; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; C028610:flavanone