title: Localization of latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) on mitotic chromosomes.
abstract: In latent infection of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), viral gene expression is extremely limited and copy numbers of viral genomes remain constant. Latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) is known to have a role in maintaining viral genome copy numbers in growing cells. Several studies have shown that LANA is localized in particular regions on mitotic chromosomes, such as centromeres/pericentromeres. We independently examined the distinct localization of LANA on mitotic chromosomes during mitosis, using super-resolution laser confocal microscopy and correlative fluorescence microscopy-electron microscopy (FM-EM) analyses. We found that the majority of LANA were not localized at particular regions such as telomeres/peritelomeres, centromeres/pericentromeres, and cohesion sites, but at the bodies of condensed chromosomes. Thus, LANA may undergo various interactions with the host factors on the condensed chromosomes in order to tether the viral genome to mitotic chromosomes and realize faithful viral genome segregation during cell division.
authors.affiliation: Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Retno
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rahayu
authors.affiliation: Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Eriko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ohsaki
authors.affiliation: Central Instrumentation Laboratory Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (BIKEN), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Omori
authors.affiliation: Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Electronic address: kueda@virus.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueda
mesh_terms: D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D002460:Cell Line; D002503:Centromere; D002874:Chromosome Mapping / Q000379:methods; D002877:Chromosomes, Human; D004279:DNA, Viral; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D016679:Genome, Viral; D019288:Herpesvirus 8, Human / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008677:Metaphase / Q000235:genetics; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008938:Mitosis / Q000235:genetics*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D017735:Virus Latency
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C109540:latency-associated nuclear antigen
keywords: Centromere/pericentromere; Cohesion sites; Condensed chromosome; Episome; Herpesvirus; KSHV; LANA; Latent infection; Telomere/peritelomere; Tethering