title: Indexing head movement during speech production using optical markers.
abstract: Optical marker tracking integrated with electromagnetic articulometry was used to assess the movement extent of various points on (a) forehead skin and (b) points on a head-mounted apparatus, relative to a fixed point just above the upper incisors, and to compare the accuracy of the two different approaches to indexing head position during speech production. Both methods can provide a satisfactory index of head position. If skin-affixed markers are used, a minimum of 4 is recommended. Locations for optimal marker placement are identified.
authors.affiliation: Haskins Laboratories, 300 George Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA kroon@gc.cuny.edu, kdawson2@gradcenter.cuny.edu, tiede@haskins.yale.edu, dwhalen@gc.cuny.edu.
authors.forename: Kevin D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Roon
authors.affiliation: Haskins Laboratories, 300 George Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA kroon@gc.cuny.edu, kdawson2@gradcenter.cuny.edu, tiede@haskins.yale.edu, dwhalen@gc.cuny.edu.
authors.forename: Katherine M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.affiliation: Haskins Laboratories, 300 George Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA kroon@gc.cuny.edu, kdawson2@gradcenter.cuny.edu, tiede@haskins.yale.edu, dwhalen@gc.cuny.edu.
authors.forename: Mark K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Tiede
authors.affiliation: Haskins Laboratories, 300 George Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA kroon@gc.cuny.edu, kdawson2@gradcenter.cuny.edu, tiede@haskins.yale.edu, dwhalen@gc.cuny.edu.
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Whalen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D059925:Anatomic Landmarks; D055590:Electromagnetic Phenomena; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006257:Head / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D019416:Head Movements; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D007259:Infrared Rays; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055095:Optics and Photonics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013060:Speech; D014159:Transducers; D014831:Voice; D055815:Young Adult