title: Health and Climate-Relevant Pollutant Concentrations from a Carbon-Finance Approved Cookstove Intervention in Rural India.
abstract: Efforts to introduce more efficient stoves increasingly leverage carbon-finance to scale up dissemination of interventions. We conducted a randomized intervention study to evaluate a Clean Development Mechanism approved stove replacement impact on fuelwood usage, and climate and health-relevant air pollutants. We randomly assigned 187 households to either receive the intervention or to continue using traditional stoves. Measurements of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and absorbance were conducted in cooking areas, village center and at upwind background site. There were minor and overlapping seasonal differences (post- minus preintervention change) between control and intervention groups for median (95% CI) fuel use (-0.60 (-1.02, -0.22) vs -0.52 (-1.07, 0.00) kg day(-1)), and 24 h absorbance (35 (18, 60) vs 36 (22, 50) × 10(-6) m(-1)); for 24 h PM2.5, there was a higher (139 (61,229) vs 73(-6, 156) μg m(-3))) increase in control compared to intervention homes between the two seasons. Forty percent of the intervention homes continued using traditional stoves. For intervention homes, absorbance-to-mass ratios suggest a higher proportion of black carbon in PM2.5 emitted from intervention compared with traditional stoves. Absent of field-based evaluation, stove interventions may be pursued that fail to realize expected carbon reductions or anticipated health and climate cobenefits.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, The University of British Columbia , 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada V6T 1Z4.
authors.forename: Ther W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Aung
authors.affiliation: Resource Optimization Initiative, No. 66, first Floor, first Cross, Domlur Layout, Bangalore 560 071, India.
authors.forename: Grishma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.affiliation: Resource Optimization Initiative, No. 66, first Floor, first Cross, Domlur Layout, Bangalore 560 071, India.
authors.forename: Karthik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sethuraman
authors.affiliation: Institute on Environment, University of Minnesota , 1954 Buford Ave, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States.
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baumgartner
authors.affiliation: Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, The University of British Columbia , 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada V6T 1Z4.|Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo-Engineering, University of Minnesota , 500 Pillsbury Drive SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States.
authors.forename: Conor
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University , 431B Mann Hall, Raleigh, North Carolina 27696-7908, United States.
authors.forename: Andrew P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Grieshop
authors.affiliation: Institute on Environment, University of Minnesota , 1954 Buford Ave, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States.|Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo-Engineering, University of Minnesota , 500 Pillsbury Drive SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States.
authors.forename: Julian D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.affiliation: School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia , 2206 East Mall Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brauer
mesh_terms: D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor; D002244:Carbon; D002980:Climate; D003296:Cooking; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D052638:Particulate Matter; D012424:Rural Population
chemical_list: D052638:Particulate Matter; D002244:Carbon