title: Remote Neuropsychological Assessment in Rural American Indians with and without Cognitive Impairment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the feasibility and reliability of a brief battery of standard neuropsychological tests administered via video teleconference (VTC) to a sample of rural American Indians compared with traditional face-to-face administration.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample consisted of 84 participants from the Choctaw Nation in Oklahoma, including 53 females and 31 males [M age = 64.89 (SD = 9.73), M education = 12.58 (SD = 2.35)]. Of these, 29 had a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment or dementia, and 55 were cognitively normal. Tests included the MMSE, Clock Drawing, Digit Span Forward and Backward, Oral Trails, Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised, Letter and Category Fluency, and a short form Boston Naming Test. Alternative forms of tests were administered in counterbalanced fashion in both face-to-face and VTC conditions. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to compare test scores between test conditions across the entire sample.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All ICCs were significant (p< .0001) and ranged from 0.65 (Clock Drawing) to 0.93 (Boston Naming Test), with a mean ICC of 0.82.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results add to the expanding literature supporting the feasibility and reliability of remote videoconference-based neuropsychological test administration and extend findings to American Indians.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA hannah.wadsworth@utsouthwestern.edu.
authors.forename: Hannah E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Wadsworth
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Jeanine M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Galusha-Glasscock
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Kyle B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Womack
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Quiceno
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Myron F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA Department of Clinical Science, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Linda S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Hynan
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Jay
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shore
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: C Munro
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cullum
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000150:complications; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000592:standards; D012424:Rural Population; D049269:Videoconferencing
keywords: Assessment; Cross-cultural/minority; Elderly/geriatric/aging