title: Allostery: An Overview of Its History, Concepts, Methods, and Applications.
abstract: The concept of allostery has evolved in the past century. In this Editorial, we briefly overview the history of allostery, from the pre-allostery nomenclature era starting with the Bohr effect (1904) to the birth of allostery by Monod and Jacob (1961). We describe the evolution of the allostery concept, from a conformational change in a two-state model (1965, 1966) to dynamic allostery in the ensemble model (1999); from multi-subunit (1965) proteins to all proteins (2004). We highlight the current available methods to study allostery and their applications in studies of conformational mechanisms, disease, and allosteric drug discovery. We outline the challenges and future directions that we foresee. Altogether, this Editorial narrates the history of this fundamental concept in the life sciences, its significance, methodologies to detect and predict it, and its application in a broad range of living systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Systems College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States of America.|Department of Chemistry, Center for Drug Discovery, Design, and Delivery (CD4), Center for Scientific Computation, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Cancer and Inflammation Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America.|Sackler Inst. of Molecular Medicine, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nussinov
mesh_terms: D000494:Allosteric Regulation; D001671:Biochemistry / Q000266:history*; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000266:history*; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological