title: Ways of Noninvasive Facial Skin Tightening and Fat Reduction.
abstract: For skin tightening, ablative and nonablative lasers have been used with various parameters full or fractionated. Currently, other energy-based technologies have been developed such as radiofrequency (RF) from mono- to multipolar, microneedling RF, and high-intensity focused ultrasound. They heat up the tissue to a clinical endpoint. Temperatures above 42°C stimulate fibroblasts to produce more collagen and some technologies produce small coagulation points that allow to shrink and to tighten the tissue with less downtime or side effects. Alternative treatments not based on heat can be chemical peels from light to deep and microneedling without RF.
authors.affiliation: Dermatology and Laser Center, Landau, Germany.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fritz
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Dermatology, Colentina Clinica Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Salavastru
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques; D005145:Face; D057086:High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D015187:Lipectomy; D009339:Needles