title: Ovatodiolide of Anisomeles indica Exerts the Anticancer Potential on Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines through STAT3 and NF-κB Regulation.
abstract: Pancreatic cancer is the eighth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Patients with pancreatic cancer are normally diagnosed at an advanced stage and present poor survival rate. Ovatodiolide (OV), a bioactive macrocyclic diterpenoid isolated from Anisomeles indica, showed cytotoxicity effects in pancreatic cancer cells by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. Moreover, not only were cell adhesion and invasion markedly suppressed in a dose-dependent manner, but the mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was also significantly decreased. Western blot analysis indicated that OV potently suppressed the phosphorylation of STAT-3 and its upstream kinase including ERK1/2, P38, and AKT Ser473. Meanwhile, OV inactivated the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) by inhibiting IκB kinase (IKK α/β) activation and the subsequent suppression of inhibitor of kappa B (IκB) phosphorylation. These results demonstrated that OV could potentially inhibit Mia-PaCa2 cancer cells proliferation and induce apoptosis through modulation of NF-κB and STAT3 pathway. Moreover, OV suppressed cell invasiveness and interfered with cell-matrix adhesion in Mia-PaCa2 cancer cells by reducing MMP-9 and FAK transcription through suppressing NF-κB and STAT3 pathway. Taken together, our findings reveal a new therapeutic and antimetastatic potential of ovatodiolide for pancreatic cancer remedy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Sung-Pin
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.affiliation: Department of Hemato-Oncology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Hsuan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tain-Lu
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chiao-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.affiliation: Center for General Education, National Taitung University, Taitung 95092, Taiwan; Department of Life Science, National Taitung University, Taitung 95092, Taiwan; Institute of Biochemical Sciences and Technology, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 41349, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yew-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Tzeng
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wan-Chi
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Tsai