title: The Near-future Impact of Retirement on the Urologic Workforce: Results From the American Urological Association Census.
abstract: To assess self-perceived planned retirement patterns among urologists by using the American Urological Association Census Data. With an expanding elderly population and an aging urologic workforce, concerns regarding increased demand and decreased supply of urologists have been raised.
  
  
  
  We analyzed data from the 2014 American Urological Association Census, which is a specialty representative survey distributed to the urologists who practice in the United States. A total of 2204 census samples were weighted to represent 11,703 urologists who practiced in the United States in 2014. We compared urologists who are nearing retirement (within 5 years of their planned retirement) with the rest of urologists on their demographic, geographic, and practice characteristics.
  
  
  
  Of the 11,703 practicing urologists in the United States, 3181 (95% confidence interval: 2884-3479) or 27% (95% confidence interval: 25%-30%) are nearing planned retirement. The mean age (standard deviation [SD]) of urologists nearing retirement (69, SD = 8.2) was older than nonretiring urologists (48, SD = 10.3), P < .01. Nearly double the proportion of nearing retirement urologists is found in nonmetropolitan compared to nonretiring urologists, 534 (17%) vs 782 (9%), P < .01, respectively. Urologists nearing retirement are more likely to practice general urology compared to nonretiring urologists, 2341 (74%) vs 5072 (60%), P < .01. Among urologists nearing retirement, 2155 (68%) of them still perform inpatient operations.
  
  
  
  More than one-fourth of existing practicing urologists plan to retire in the next 5 years. General urology and urology practices outside of metropolitan areas will be impacted the most by the planned retiring workforce.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Gaither
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: Mohannad A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Awad
authors.affiliation: Department of Data Management & Statistical Analysis, American Urological Association, Linthicum, MD.
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
authors.forename: J Quentin
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Clemens
authors.affiliation: Department of Data Management & Statistical Analysis, American Urological Association, Linthicum, MD.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Meeks
authors.affiliation: Department of Data Management & Statistical Analysis, American Urological Association, Linthicum, MD.
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gulig
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA.
authors.forename: Bradley A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Erickson
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.
authors.forename: Patrick H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: McKenna
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
authors.forename: E Charles
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Osterberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA. Electronic address: benjamin.breyer@ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Benjamin N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Breyer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D019352:Censuses; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012179:Retirement; D057566:Self Report; D012955:Societies, Medical; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States; D014572:Urology; D000078329:Workforce