title: A simple expression for sound attenuation due to surface duct energy leakage in low-latitude oceans.
abstract: This paper presents an expression for the attenuation of sound energy in an ocean surface duct due to energy leakage outside the duct. Dominant parameters determining the attenuation are the sound frequency and the surface duct thickness. The attenuation is found to be exponentially dependent on a scaled frequency that combines the two parameters. Data from experiments in low-latitude oceans with three different surface duct thicknesses are used to verify the exponential expression derived for the attenuation.
authors.affiliation: School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China duanrui.work@gmail.com, ykdzym@nwpu.edu.cn, ylma@nwpu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China duanrui.work@gmail.com, ykdzym@nwpu.edu.cn, ylma@nwpu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Kunde
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China duanrui.work@gmail.com, ykdzym@nwpu.edu.cn, ylma@nwpu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yuanliang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3055, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada chapman@uvic.ca.
authors.forename: N Ross
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Chapman