title: Salvianolic Acid B Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through Inhibiting TLR4/MyD88 Signaling Pathway.
abstract: Ischemic stroke can activate multiple transcription factors and cause inflammatory reactions, which involve pattern recognition receptors with immunostimulatory effects. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is one of the receptors related to innate immunity and several inflammatory reactions. The promising anti- inflammatory activity of salvianolic acid B (SAB) had been previously reported, but its effect on ischemic stroke remains unknown. An oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) model in vitro and a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model in vivo were used in this paper, and the results showned that SAB remarkably increased the viabilities of PC12 cells and primary cortical neurons after OGD/R injury and notably prevented cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. SAB also significantly ameliorated NeuN release from primary cortical neurons. Further research indicated that the neuroprotection of SAB was completed through inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/TRAF6 signaling pathway. The blocking of TLR4 by SAB also restrained NF-kB transcriptional activity and pro-inflammatory cytokine responses (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α). These findings supply a new insight that will aid in clarifying the effect of SAB against cerebral I/R injury and provide the development of SAB as a potential candidate for treating ischemic stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, KaiLuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China.
authors.forename: Yujue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, KaiLuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China.
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, KaiLuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China.
authors.forename: Xiangdong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, KaiLuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China.
authors.forename: Yunchao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China.
authors.forename: Zongze
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, KaiLuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China.
authors.forename: Nannan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, KaiLuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China.
authors.forename: Xiuping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Magnetic, KaiLuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China.
authors.forename: Yansheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency, Chinese People's Liberation Army 255 Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, KaiLuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China. shenjingwaikekl@sina.com.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qiu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016716:PC12 Cells; D051381:Rats; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D048029:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6 / Q000378:metabolism; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D053630:Depsides
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D001572:Benzofurans; D016207:Cytokines; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D048029:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; C507781:Myd88 protein, rat; C495345:TLR4 protein, human; C076944:salvianolic acid B; D053630:Depsides
keywords: SAB; TLR4; cerebral I/R injury; inflammation; ischemic stroke