title: Meniscal injuries in children and adolescents undergoing surgical treatment for tibial eminence fractures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of meniscal injuries in children and adolescents undergoing surgical treatment for tibial eminence fractures and to test for possible relationships between associated meniscal lesions and patient demographics or injury characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective multicenter study was conducted to arthroscopically assess the prevalence and characteristics of meniscal injuries in children and adolescents undergoing surgical treatment for tibial eminence fractures between 04/2014 and 10/2015. Patient demographics and injury characteristics were assessed preoperatively. The presence of a meniscal injury was evaluated arthroscopically and characterized according to tear type and location (Cooper classification). Patients with and without meniscal injuries were compared with regard to sex, age, height, weight, BMI, type of injury, mechanism of injury, time to surgery, Tanner stage, sexual maturity (prepubescent vs. pubescent), and modified Meyers and McKeever classification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 54 consecutive patients (65 % males, mean age: 12.5 ± 3.2 years) were enrolled. Meniscal injury were found in 20 patients (37 %). The lateral meniscus was involved in 18 patients (90 % of all meniscus injuries) and the medial meniscus in 2 patients (10 % of all meniscus injuries). The most common tear pattern was a longitudinal tear of the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus (30 % of all meniscus injuries) and the second most common tear was a root detachment of the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus (20 % of all meniscus injuries). Higher age, advanced Tanner stage, and pubescence were significantly associated with an accompanying meniscal injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Meniscal injuries in children and adolescents undergoing surgical treatment for tibial eminence fractures must be expected in almost 40 %, with a higher prevalence with increasing age and sexual maturity. With regard to the clinical relevance, the results of the present study argue in favor for magnetic resonance imaging prior to surgery in every patient with a suspected tibial eminence fracture and for an arthroscopic approach to adequately diagnose and treat meniscal injuries.
  
  
  METHODS
  II.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Freiburg University Hospital, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79016, Freiburg, Germany. matthias.j.feucht@googlemail.com.
authors.forename: Matthias J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Feucht
authors.affiliation: Department for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter U
authors.initials: PU
authors.lastname: Brucker
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Orthopaedic Department, University Children's Hospital Basle, Basle, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Camathias
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Asklepios Clinic St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Karl-Heinz
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Frosch
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Kantonsspital Baselland (Bruderholz, Liestal, Laufen), Basle, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Hirschmann
authors.affiliation: Department for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lorenz
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Freiburg University Hospital, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79016, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Hermann O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Mayr
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Traumatology, Knee- and Shoulder-Surgery, Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Minzlaff
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Martin Luther Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Wolf
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.affiliation: Department of Reconstructive Joint Surgery, Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik Murnau, Murnau, Germany.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saier
authors.affiliation: Department of Reconstructive Joint Surgery, Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik Murnau, Murnau, Germany.
authors.forename: Dorien
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schneidmüller
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Freiburg University Hospital, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79016, Freiburg, Germany.|OCM-Clinic Munich, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Amelie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stoehr
authors.affiliation: Sportklinik Stuttgart GmbH, Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Freiburg University Hospital, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79016, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Norbert P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Südkamp
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Freiburg University Hospital, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79016, Freiburg, Germany.|OCM-Clinic Munich, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Niemeyer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D000070600:Tibial Meniscus Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: ACL avulsion; Knee; Meniscal; Meniscus; Tibial eminence; Tibial spine