title: The role of three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound parameters measured on hCG day in the prediction of pregnancy during in vitro fertilization treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the value of ultrasound for the assessment of endometrial receptivity during in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET).
  
  
  METHODS
  Only those patients in their first IVF cycle, followed a standard long gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist long ovarian stimulation regimen, and had 2 highest scoring embryos transferred on day 3 were included in the study. A 3D ultrasound examination was performed on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection to determine endometrial thickness, endometrial pattern, peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) of endometrial spiral arteries, endometrial volume, vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI) and vasculariztion flow index (VFI) of endometrial and subendometrial region. Analyses were carried on between pregnant and non-pregnant groups, and miscarriage and ongoing pregnant groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  435 patients were included in the study, in which 235 (58.8%) got clinical pregnancy, and 49 suffered miscarriage. Patients in both pregnant group and non-pregnant group, and miscarriage and ongoing pregnant group did not show significant difference in endometrial thickness, endometrial volume, endometrial pattern, uterine PI, RI, S/D, endometrial and subendometrial VI, FI and VFI. In relative thin endometrium group, pregnant patients had similar endometrial thickness, endometrial volume, endometrial pattern, uterine PI, RI, S/D, endometrial and subendometrial VI, FI and VFI with non-pregnant patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  3D PDUS parameters of endometrium measured on hCG day were not good predictors of pregnancy in IVF treatment, neither good predictors of ongoing pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China.
authors.forename: Tianjie
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China.
authors.forename: Yaqiong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China.
authors.forename: Qingling
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China. Electronic address: syun163@163.com.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D004717:Endometrium / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin