title: Examining the psychosocial determinants of women's decisions to delay childbearing.
abstract: What are the psychosocial determinants of women's intentions to delay childbearing until after 35 years?
  
  
  
  Attitudes, pressure from important others, perceived self-confidence and anticipated regret all influence the decision-making process of women aged 18-30 years to defer their attempts to conceive their first child until 35+ years.
  
  
  
  Research has consistently demonstrated that, for many women, the decision to delay childbearing can lead to 'unintentional childlessness' due to a failure to consider the impact of age-related fertility decline. A large body of literature has also found strong links between age-related involuntary infertility and negative psychological impacts, including an increased prevalence of anxiety, depression, guilt, stigma and poor mental health.
  
  
  
  The study initially conducted focus groups designed to ascertain important beliefs informing participants' intentions to delay childbearing. A subsequent larger-scale quantitative questionnaire followed.
  
  
  
  Participants (n = 358) were female, aged between 18 and 30 years, lived in Australia, identified as being open to the idea of having children, were heterosexual, had not already had children, were not already pregnant, and had not received a diagnosis of medical infertility prior to participating.
  
  
  
  Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed strong support for psychosocial predictors of attitude, pressure from others and perceived self-confidence as predictors of women's intentions to delay childbearing, accounting for 59% of total variance. The extended model that included anticipated regret, accounted for a significant additional 4.4% variance in intention to delay childbearing past the age of 35 years.
  
  
  
  Proportionally more participants were younger, Caucasian, and were university students, thus limiting the generalizability of results to the wider Australian community. Future research in this domain is recommended to adopt a prospective design and incorporate a measure of behaviour to investigate the link between intentions to delay childbearing and future fertility behaviour.
  
  
  
  This research augments our understanding of the decision-making process and key beliefs underlying the decision to delay childbearing. Further efforts are needed to advise young women to investigate their fertility options during the peak of their reproductive years in order to prevent negative psychological consequences associated with unintentional childlessness.
  
  
  
  None.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
authors.forename: Allison L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Kearney
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia km.white@qut.edu.au.
authors.forename: Katherine M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001315:Australia; D003657:Decision Making; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000502:physiology; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000523:psychology*; D033182:Intention; D036801:Parturition / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: attitudes; beliefs; delayed childbearing; fertility; intentions; involuntary childlessness; psychosocial determinants; regret; theory of planned behaviour; young women