title: Accuracy of 2 Different Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery.
abstract: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is today provided by various techniques. This study aims to compare two different CGM-systems: the FreeStyle Libre subcutaneous continuous glucose monitoring system (SC-CGM) and the Eirus intravascular microdialysis continuous glucose monitoring system (MD-CGM) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
  
  
  
  A total of 26 patients were equipped with both the SC-CGM and the MD-CGM systems. The SC-CGM system was placed subcutaneously in the left upper-arm and the MD-CGM system was placed in the superior vena cava. Reference blood glucose values were obtained by analyzing arterial blood in a blood gas analyzer. Reference glucose values were then paired with glucose values from both CGM-systems and analyzed for accuracy.
  
  
  
  In all, 514 paired MD-CGM/arterial blood gas glucose values and 578 paired SC-CGM/arterial blood gas glucose values were obtained. Mean difference (SD) for the MD-CGM system was 0.9 (15.1) mg/dl and for the SC-CGM system -43.4 (20) mg/dl. ISO criteria (ISO15197:2013) were not met by either CGM system. In the Clarke error grid, all paired samples were within the zones AB for the MD-CGM system, and 94% in zone A. For the SC-CGM system, 99.1% of the paired samples were within zones AB, and 18.9% in zone A. Both the MD-CGM and the SC-CGM systems were reliable and used without complications.
  
  
  
  These results indicate that the Eirus intravascular microdialysis system monitors glucose continuously with superior accuracy compared to the FreeStyle Libre subcutaneous glucose monitoring system, which repeatedly measured a glucose value that was lower than the reference method.
authors.affiliation: 1 Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Fanny
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schierenbeck
authors.affiliation: 1 Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franco-Cereceda
authors.affiliation: 1 Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Anesthesiology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liska
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose
keywords: continuous glucose monitoring; critical illness; microdialysis