Long-Term Outcome of Arterial Switch Operation Conversion After Failed Senning/Mustard Procedure.
BACKGROUND
We evaluated long-term outcomes of the arterial switch operation (ASO) conversion after a failed Senning/Mustard operation among patients with dextro-transposition of the great arteries.


METHODS
Between 1986 and 2006, 9 patients with dextro-transposition of the great arteries underwent ASO conversion at our institute. All patients had systemic right ventricle failure, 6 had supraventricular tachycardia, and 8 had moderate or severe tricuspid valve regurgitation. All patients had New York Heart Association classification II or III. The median age of patients at the ASO conversion operation was 7.4 years (range, 0.6 to 32.4 years). Pulmonary artery banding for left ventricle training was performed in 8 of the 9 patients before conversion.


RESULTS
There was 1 early death from low-output syndrome at 5 days postoperatively and 1 late sudden death at 5 months. Median follow-up time was 23.1 years (range, 0.08 to 28.0 years). The actuarial survival rate was 76.1% at 20 years. Long-term survivors revealed good New York Heart Association classification (class I, 6 patients; class II, 1 patient), with less than mild tricuspid regurgitation and brain natriuretic peptide levels of 40.6 ± 16.2 pg/mL. Cardiac catheterization revealed significant improvements of right ventricle end-diastolic volume (decreased from 243.2% to 117.7% of normal), and right ventricle ejection fraction (increased from 0.42 to 0.572; p < 0.05). Three patients underwent new pacemaker implantation for sick sinus syndrome, and moderate neoaortic valve regurgitation developed in 1 patient.


CONCLUSIONS
Excellent long-term outcomes can be achieved after ASO conversion; however, careful observation for new-onset sick sinus syndrome and aortic regurgitation is mandatory.
Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, The Heart Institute of Japan, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Heart Institute of Japan, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Takuya
T
Maeda
Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, The Heart Institute of Japan, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Heart Institute of Japan, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: takasakamoto@yahoo.co.jp.
Takahiko
T
Sakamoto
Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, The Heart Institute of Japan, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Heart Institute of Japan, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Mitsugi
M
Nagashima
Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, The Heart Institute of Japan, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Heart Institute of Japan, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Takeshi
T
Hiramatsu
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Heart Institute of Japan, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Kenji
K
Yamazaki
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001022:Aortic Valve Insufficiency / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D000069278:Arterial Switch Operation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000601:surgery; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D010496:Pericardium / Q000637:transplantation; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000601:surgery; D012086:Reoperation / Q000379:methods*; D012804:Sick Sinus Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D017741:Survivors; D013617:Tachycardia, Supraventricular / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D014188:Transposition of Great Vessels / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014262:Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult