Managing comorbid obesity and depression through clinical pharmacotherapies.
BACKGROUND
Obesity and mood disorders co-occur more often than expected by chance alone. As no randomized, controlled pharmacotherapy trials have been conducted in obese patients with an active mood disorder, it is unclear how to use medication to treat this patient group.


METHODS
We briefly overview the relationship between obesity and mood disorders; the effects of psychotropic medications commonly used in mood disorders on body weight; the psychiatric effects of available anti-obesity medications; and highlight the few treatment studies of medications in obese patients with mood disorders or depressive symptoms. As binge eating and psychotropic-induced weight gain are common correlates of obese patients with mood disorders, we also provide brief overviews of the pharmacotherapy of these conditions.


CONCLUSIONS
When treating a patient with a mood disorder and obesity, both conditions need to be a focus of clinical attention. Psychotropic medications that have minimal weight gain effects should be used if possible. Weight-loss agents can probably be used in some mood disorder patients, but must be done so cautiously and with a full understanding of their potential psychiatric effects and interactions with psychotropic medications. Knowledge of the pharmacotherapy of binge eating and psychotropic-induced weight gain is also crucial.
a Research Institute , Lindner Center of HOPE , Mason , OH , USA.|b Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine , Cincinnati , OH , USA.
Susan L
SL
McElroy
a Research Institute , Lindner Center of HOPE , Mason , OH , USA.|b Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine , Cincinnati , OH , USA.
Anna I
AI
Guerdjikova
a Research Institute , Lindner Center of HOPE , Mason , OH , USA.|b Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine , Cincinnati , OH , USA.
Nicole
N
Mori
a Research Institute , Lindner Center of HOPE , Mason , OH , USA.|b Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine , Cincinnati , OH , USA.
Paul E
PE
Keck
D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D056912:Binge-Eating Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs
Bipolar disorder; depression; obesity; pharmacotherapy