Epidemiology of Pediatric Convulsive Status Epilepticus With Fever in the Emergency Department: A Cohort Study of 381 Consecutive Cases.
Pediatric convulsive status epilepticus with fever is common in the emergency setting but leads to severe neurological sequelae in some patients. To explore the epidemiology of convulsive status epilepticus with fever, a retrospective cohort covering all convulsive status epilepticus cases with fever seen in the emergency department of a tertiary care children's hospital were consecutively collected. Of the 381 consecutive cases gathered, 81.6% were due to prolonged febrile seizure, 6.6% to encephalopathy/encephalitis, 0.8% to meningitis, and 7.6% to epilepsy. In addition, seizures were significantly longer in encephalopathy/encephalitis cases than in prolonged febrile seizure cases (log rank test, P < .001). These results provide for the first time the pretest probability of final diagnoses in children with convulsive status epilepticus with fever in the emergency setting, and will help optimize the management of pediatric patients presenting to the emergency department with convulsive status epilepticus with fever.
Department of General Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan ihayakawa-tky@umin.ac.jp.
Itaru
I
Hayakawa
Department of General Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Sahoko
S
Miyama
Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatric Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Nobuaki
N
Inoue
Department of General Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Hiroshi
H
Sakakibara
Department of General Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Hiroshi
H
Hataya
Department of General Pediatrics, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Toshiro
T
Terakawa
D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008581:Meningitis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D003294:Seizures, Febrile / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy
convulsive status epilepticus; encephalopathy/encephalitis; epilepsy; meningitis; prolonged febrile seizure