Magnetic super-hydrophilic carbon nanotubes/graphene oxide composite as nanocarriers of mesenchymal stem cells: Insights into the time and dose dependences.
Among nanostructured materials, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) have demonstrated great potential for biomedical applications in recent years. After oxygen plasma etching, we can obtain super-hydrophilic MWCNT that contain graphene oxide (GO) at their tips. This material exhibits good dispersion in biological systems due to the presence of polar groups and its excellent magnetic properties due to metal particle residues from the catalyst that often remain trapped in its walls and tips. Here, we show for the first time a careful biological investigation using magnetic superhydrophilic MWCNT/GO (GCN composites). The objective of this study was to investigate the application of GCN for the in vitro immobilization of mesenchymal stem cells. Our ultimate goal was to develop a system to deliver mesenchymal stem cells to different tissues and organs. We show here that mesenchymal stem cells were able to internalize GCN with a consequent migration when subjected to a magnetic field. The cytotoxicity of GCN was time- and dose-dependent. We also observed that GCN internalization caused changes in the gene expression of the proteins involved in cell adhesion and migration, such as integrins, laminins, and the chemokine CXCL12, as well as its receptor CXCR4. These results suggest that GCN represents a potential new platform for mesenchymal stem cell immobilization at injury sites.
Department of Biochemistry, Neurobiology Lab, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal Sao Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo 669, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo CEP 04039-032, Brazil; Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnology (NANOBIO), Institute of Research and Development (IP&D), University of Vale do Paraiba (UNIVAP), Av. Shishima Hifumi 2911, Sao Jose dos Campos, Sao Paulo CEP 12224-000, Brazil.
Alessandro E C
AEC
Granato
Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnology (NANOBIO), Institute of Research and Development (IP&D), University of Vale do Paraiba (UNIVAP), Av. Shishima Hifumi 2911, Sao Jose dos Campos, Sao Paulo CEP 12224-000, Brazil.
Bruno V M
BVM
Rodrigues
Molecular Biology of Cancer Lab, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo 669, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo CEP 04039-032, Brazil.
Dorival M
DM
Rodrigues-Junior
Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnology (NANOBIO), Institute of Research and Development (IP&D), University of Vale do Paraiba (UNIVAP), Av. Shishima Hifumi 2911, Sao Jose dos Campos, Sao Paulo CEP 12224-000, Brazil.
Fernanda R
FR
Marciano
Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnology (NANOBIO), Institute of Research and Development (IP&D), University of Vale do Paraiba (UNIVAP), Av. Shishima Hifumi 2911, Sao Jose dos Campos, Sao Paulo CEP 12224-000, Brazil. Electronic address: lobo.aol@pq.cnpq.br.
Anderson O
AO
Lobo
Department of Biochemistry, Neurobiology Lab, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal Sao Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo 669, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo CEP 04039-032, Brazil. Electronic address: marimelia.porcionatto@unifesp.br.
Marimelia A
MA
Porcionatto
D000818:Animals; D018914:Cells, Immobilized; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*
D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D006108:Graphite