The comparison of Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17 and Th22 cytokine profiles in acute and chronic HIV-1 infection.
The aim of this study was to compare cytokine expression on both gene and protein levels in acute and chronic phase of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Thirty four patients were enrolled for cytokine expression analysis on protein level in acute and chronic stage of HIV-1 infection. Using PCR array technology, expression of 84 cytokine genes was measured in 3 patients in acute and 3 patients in chronic stage of HIV-1 infection. Bead-based cytometry was used to quantify levels of Th1/Th2/Th9/Th17/Th22 cytokines. The results showed statistically significant increase of 13 cytokine gene expression (cd40lg, csf2, ifna5, il12b, il1b, il20, lta, osm, spp1, tgfa, tnfsf 11, 14 and 8) and downregulation of the il12a expression in chronic HIV type 1 infection. Concentrations of IL-10, IL-4 and TNF-α were increased in the acute HIV type 1 infection when compared to control group. During chronic HIV type 1 infection there was an increase of IL-10, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-13 and IL-22 levels when compared to control group. Comparison of cytokine expression between two stages of infection showed a significant decrease in IL-9 concentration. This study showed changes in cytokine profiles on both gene and protein levels in different stages of HIV-infection.
University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Flow Cytometry, Mirogojska 8, Zagreb, Croatia. Electronic address: lgorenec@gmail.com.
Lana
L
Gorenec
University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Flow Cytometry, Mirogojska 8, Zagreb, Croatia.
Snjezana
S
Zidovec Lepej
University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Flow Cytometry, Mirogojska 8, Zagreb, Croatia.
Ivana
I
Grgic
University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Flow Cytometry, Mirogojska 8, Zagreb, Croatia.
Ana
A
Planinic
University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Flow Cytometry, Mirogojska 8, Zagreb, Croatia.
Janja
J
Iscic Bes
University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Department of Viral Hepatitis, Mirogojska 8, Zagreb, Croatia; University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Salata 3, Zagreb, Croatia.
Adriana
A
Vince
University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Department of HIV/AIDS, Mirogojska 8, Zagreb, Croatia; University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Salata 3, Zagreb, Croatia.
Josip
J
Begovac
D017523:Croatia; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology*
D016207:Cytokines
Acute HIV-1 infection; Biological response modifiers; Chronic HIV-1 infection; HIV-1; Th1/Th2 cytokine shift