Study of retinal alterations in a high fat diet-induced type ii diabetes rodent: Meriones shawi.
Diabetic retinopathy is a common complication of type 2 diabetes and the leading cause of blindness in adults of working age. The aim of this work was to study the repercussions of high fat diet (HFD) induced diabetes on the retina of Meriones shawi (M.sh). Two groups of six M.sh each was studied. Group I was a normal control, fed with standard laboratory granules. In Group II, rodents received a HFD of enriched laboratory granules, for a period of 3 months. Body weight and plasma glucose were determined in the two groups. Retinal sections of the two groups were stained with the Hematoxylin-Eosin. Photoreceptors were identified by immunolabeling for rhodopsin (rods) and PNA (cones). Gliosis and microglial activation were identified by immunolabeling for GFAP and Iba-1. Labeling of calretinin and parvalbumin were also carried out to study the AII amacrine cells. Retinal layers thicknesses, gliosis, and specific neural cell populations were quantified by microscopy. The body weight (+77%) and plasma glucose (+108%) were significantly greater in the HFD rodents. Three months of HFD induced a significant loss of 38.77% of cone photoreceptors, as well as gliosis and an increase of 70.67% of microglial cells. Calcium homeostatic enzymes were depleted. This work shows that HFD in Meriones shawi induces a type II diabetes-like condition that causes loss of retinal neurons and photoreceptors, as well as gliosis. Meriones shawi could be a useful experimental animal model for this physiopathology particularly in the study of retinal neuro-glial alterations in Type II diabetes.
UR Ecophysiologie et Procédés Agroalimentaires, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie, Sidi Thabet 2020 Ariana, Université de la Manouba, Tunisia; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El-manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
Imane
I
Hammoum
UR Ecophysiologie et Procédés Agroalimentaires, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie, Sidi Thabet 2020 Ariana, Université de la Manouba, Tunisia.
Sihem
S
Mbarek
UR Ecophysiologie et Procédés Agroalimentaires, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie, Sidi Thabet 2020 Ariana, Université de la Manouba, Tunisia.
Ahmed
A
Dellaa
INSERM, UMR_S968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France.
Elisabeth
E
Dubus
UR Ecophysiologie et Procédés Agroalimentaires, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie, Sidi Thabet 2020 Ariana, Université de la Manouba, Tunisia.
Basma
B
Baccouche
Industrie pharmaceutique UNIMED, zone industrielle Kalaa Kebira, Sousse, Tunisia.
Rached
R
Azaiz
Industrie pharmaceutique UNIMED, zone industrielle Kalaa Kebira, Sousse, Tunisia.
Ridha
R
Charfeddine
INSERM, UMR_S968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France.
Serge
S
Picaud
UR Ecophysiologie et Procédés Agroalimentaires, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie, Sidi Thabet 2020 Ariana, Université de la Manouba, Tunisia. Electronic address: raf_chekir@yahoo.fr.
Rafika
R
Ben Chaouacha-Chekir
D025042:Amacrine Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D064032:Calbindin 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D015870:Gene Expression; D005849:Gerbillinae; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005911:Gliosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017628:Microglia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D010320:Parvalbumins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017949:Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D017948:Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D012243:Rhodopsin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D001786:Blood Glucose; D064032:Calbindin 2; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D010320:Parvalbumins; D012243:Rhodopsin; D002118:Calcium
Cone photoreceptors loss; Diabetic retinopathy; High fat diet; Immunohistochemistry; Meriones shawi