Iodide Residues in Milk Vary between Iodine-Based Teat Disinfectants.
Majority of iodine found in dairy milk comes from the diet and teat disinfection products used during milking process. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of 4 iodine-based teat dips on milk iodide concentrations varying in iodine level (0.25% vs. 0.5%, w/w), normal low viscosity dip versus barrier dip, and application method (dip vs. spray) to ensure safe iodine levels in dairy milk when these products are used. The iodine exposure study was performed during a 2-wk period. The trial farm was purged of all iodine-based disinfection products for 21 d during a prestudy "washout period," which resulted in baseline milk iodide range of 145 to 182 ppb. During the experiment, iodine-based teat dips were used as post-milking teat disinfectants and compared to a non-iodine control disinfectant. Milk iodide residue levels for each treatment was evaluated from composited group samples. Introduction of different iodine-based teat disinfectants increased iodide residue content in milk relative to the control by between 8 and 29 μg/L when averaged across the full trial period. However, residues levels for any treatment remained well below the consumable limit of 500 μg/L. The 0.5% iodine disinfectant increased milk iodide levels by 20 μg/L more compared to the 0.25% iodine. Compared to dip-cup application, spray application significantly increased milk iodide residue by 21 μg/L and utilized approximately 23% more teat dip. This carefully controlled study demonstrated an increase in milk iodide concentrations from iodine disinfectants, but increases were small and within acceptable limits.
DeLaval Manufacturing, 11100 N. Congress Drive, Kansas City, MO, 64153, U.S.A.
Elizabeth A
EA
French
Dept. of Food Science, Cornell Univ, Stocking Hall, 411 Tower Rd., Ithaca, NY, 14853, U.S.A.|Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY, 14853, U.S.A.
Motoko
M
Mukai
Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY, 14853, U.S.A.
Michael
M
Zurakowski
Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY, 14853, U.S.A.
Bradley
B
Rauch
Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY, 14853, U.S.A.|Quality Milk Production Services, 240 Farrier Rd., Ithaca, NY, 14853, U.S.A.
Gloria
G
Gioia
Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY, 14853, U.S.A.|Animal Health Diagnostic Center, 602 Tower Rd., Ithaca, NY, 14853, U.S.A.
Joseph R
JR
Hillebrandt
DeLaval Manufacturing, 11100 N. Congress Drive, Kansas City, MO, 64153, U.S.A.
Mark
M
Henderson
Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY, 14853, U.S.A.|GD Animal Health, Arnsbergstraat 7, P.O. Box 9, 7400, AA Deventer, the Netherlands.
Ynte H
YH
Schukken
DeLaval Manufacturing, 11100 N. Congress Drive, Kansas City, MO, 64153, U.S.A.
Thomas C
TC
Hemling
D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000737:chemistry*; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007454:Iodides / Q000032:analysis*; D007455:Iodine / Q000032:analysis*; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D012459:Salicylates
D004202:Disinfectants; D007454:Iodides; D012459:Salicylates; C067227:3,5-diisopropylsalicylic acid; D007455:Iodine
iodine; milk; residue