Characterization of soluble dietary fiber from Moringa oleifera seeds and its immunomodulatory effects.
Moringa oleifera (moringa or drumstick) seeds are a potential source of dietary fiber with 6.5% w/w soluble dietary fiber. Biochemical characterization of moringa seed soluble fiber revealed that it is a glycoprotein with 5% neutral sugars. Arabinose and xylose are the major neutral sugars identified by gas liquid chromatography (GLC). Moringa seed soluble fiber was identified as protease resistant-glycoprotein and termed as moringa seed resistant protein (MSRP). MSRP was found to be a homodimer (18kDa) containing two 9kDa monomeric units as revealed by SDS-PAGE analysis with pI 10.8. Immunostimulating activity of MSRP was assessed by murine splenocyte proliferation and production of NO from macrophages. MSRP at low concentration (0.01μg/well) strongly increased proliferation of splenocytes, while MSRP at high concentration weakly responded. MSRP induced 6-fold increase in NO production when compared to the control which indicates the activation of macrophages. MSRP isolated from defatted moringa seed flour is a potent mitogen, enhancing the proliferation of lymphocytes and inducing NO from macrophages. This study concludes that moringa seed is a potential nutritional source to promote the immune system of the host.
Protein Chemistry and Technology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570 020, India.
Sandanamudi
S
Anudeep
Biochemistry and Nutrition Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570 020, India.
Vaddi K
VK
Prasanna
Protein Chemistry and Technology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570 020, India.
Shruthi M
SM
Adya
Protein Chemistry and Technology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570 020, India. Electronic address: radha@cftri.res.in.
Cheruppanpullil
C
Radha
D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D029588:Moringa oleifera / Q000737:chemistry*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D012015:Reference Standards; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology
D004043:Dietary Fiber; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D010940:Plant Proteins; D009569:Nitric Oxide
Immunomodulatory effects; Moringa seed glycoprotein; Moringa seed soluble fiber; Protease-resistant protein