Roles and Mechanisms of Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome and Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia in Atherosclerosis: Evidence and Prospective.
The morbidity and mortality of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) are regarded as consequences of its adverse effects on the cardiovascular system. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) induced by OSAHS can result in vascular endothelial injury, thus promoting development of atherosclerosis (AS). Studies have shown that CIH is an independent risk factor for the occurrence and development of AS, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we review clinical and fundamental studies reported during the last 10 years on the occurrence and development of AS mediated by CIH, focusing on inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, cell apoptosis, vascular endothelial injury, platelet activation, and neuroendocrine disorders. This review will offer current evidence and perspective to researchers for the development of effective intervention strategies for OSAHS-related cardiocerebrovascular diseases.
Cardiovascular Diseases Centre, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China.
Linqin
L
Ma
China Heart Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China.
Jingchun
J
Zhang
Cardiovascular Diseases Centre, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China.
Yue
Y
Liu
D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology