In Vivo Fluorescence Imaging in the Second Near-Infrared Window Using Carbon Nanotubes.
In vivo fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II window, 1000-1700 nm) is a powerful imaging technique that emerged in recent years. This imaging tool allows for noninvasive, deep-tissue visualization and interrogation of anatomical features and functions with improved imaging resolution and contrast at greater tissue penetration depths than traditional fluorescence imaging. Here, we present the detailed protocol for conducting NIR-II fluorescence imaging in live animals, including the procedures for preparation of biocompatible and NIR-II fluorescent carbon nanotube solution, live animal administration and NIR-II fluorescence image acquisition.
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA. ghong@fas.harvard.edu.|Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. ghong@fas.harvard.edu.
Guosong
G
Hong
Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. hdai@stanford.edu.
Hongjie
H
Dai
D000818:Animals; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D061848:Optical Imaging; D041622:Tomography, Optical / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D051598:Whole Body Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon
Autofluorescence; Carbon nanotubes; NIR-II fluorescence imaging; Near-infrared II; Photon scattering; Second near-infrared window; Tissue penetration