Brain and Cardiorespiratory Responses to Exercise in Hot and Thermoneutral Conditions.
The aim of this study was to test whether or not concurrent evaluations of brain (electroencephalography [EEG]) and cardiorespiratory responses to exercise are influenced by environmental conditions. 10 adult male participants performed a standardized incremental exercise test to exhaustion on a cycle ergometer in an environment controlled laboratory on 2 separate occasions, in a randomized order; one in a hot condition (34.5°C) and one in a thermoneutral condition (20°C). EEG, heart rate and expired air were collected throughout. EEG data were decontaminated for artefacts, log-transformed and expressed as aggregated alpha and beta power responses across electrodes reflecting the frontal cortex of the brain. Performance outcomes showed there was no difference in  V˙O2 peak across hot (42.5 ml/kg/min) and neutral (42.8 ml/kg/min) conditions, although ventilatory threshold (VT) occurred at a lower threshold (68%) in hot compared to neutral condition (74%) (p<0.05). EEG alpha and beta wave responses both demonstrated significant increases from baseline to VT (p<0.01). EEG beta-band activity was significantly elevated in the heat compared to the neutral condition. In conclusion, elevated EEG beta-band activity in response to incremental exercise in the heat suggests that beta-band activation and cortical awareness increases as exercise becomes increasingly intense.
Sport & Health Sciences, University of St Mark & St John, Plymouth, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
A M
AM
Edwards
Sport & Exercise Science, James Cook University Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, Townsville, Australia.
G B
GB
Deakin
Sport & Health Sciences, University of St Mark & St John, Plymouth, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
J H
JH
Guy
D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005221:Fatigue; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055815:Young Adult