Surface plasmon resonance biosensing: Approaches for screening and characterising antibodies for food diagnostics.
Research in biosensing approaches as alternative techniques for food diagnostics for the detection of chemical contaminants and foodborne pathogens has increased over the last twenty years. The key component of such tests is the biorecognition element whereby polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies still dominate the market. Traditionally the screening of sera or cell culture media for the selection of polyclonal or monoclonal candidate antibodies respectively has been performed by enzyme immunoassays. For niche toxin compounds, enzyme immunoassays can be expensive and/or prohibitive methodologies for antibody production due to limitations in toxin supply for conjugate production. Automated, self-regenerating, chip-based biosensors proven in food diagnostics may be utilised as rapid screening tools for antibody candidate selection. This work describes the use of both single channel and multi-channel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors for the selection and characterisation of antibodies, and their evaluation in shellfish tissue as standard techniques for the detection of domoic acid, as a model toxin compound. The key advantages in the use of these biosensor techniques for screening hybridomas in monoclonal antibody production were the real time observation of molecular interaction and rapid turnaround time in analysis compared to enzyme immunoassays. The multichannel prototype instrument was superior with 96 analyses completed in 2h compared to 12h for the single channel and over 24h for the ELISA immunoassay. Antibodies of high sensitivity, IC50's ranging from 4.8 to 6.9ng/mL for monoclonal and 2.3-6.0ng/mL for polyclonal, for the detection of domoic acid in a 1min analysis time were selected. Although there is a progression for biosensor technology towards low cost, multiplexed portable diagnostics for the food industry, there remains a place for laboratory-based SPR instrumentation for antibody development for food diagnostics as shown herein.
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 5100 Paint Branch Parkway, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States.
B J
BJ
Yakes
GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences AB, Björkgatan 30, 75184 Uppsala, Sweden.
J
J
Buijs
Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT95AG, UK.
C T
CT
Elliott
Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT95AG, UK.
K
K
Campbell
D000818:Animals; D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000737:chemistry; D004867:Equipment Design; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006825:Hybridomas; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D007608:Kainic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008387:Marine Toxins / Q000032:analysis*; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011817:Rabbits; D012758:Shellfish / Q000032:analysis*; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D008387:Marine Toxins; C012301:domoic acid; D007608:Kainic Acid
Antibody; Biosensor; Domoic acid; Marine toxin; Shellfish; Surface plasmon resonance