The Promise and Limitations of Anti-Inflammatory Agents for the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder.
This review provides a critical perspective on recent meta-analyses suggesting that several anti-inflammatory modalities, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), omega-3 fatty acids, and cytokine antagonist, possess generalizable antidepressant properties. By examining confounds and limitations in the available literature it is suggested that current data suggest that only a sub-group of individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) have evidence of increased inflammatory biomarkers and it is in these individuals that anti-inflammatory agents show promise for reducing depressive symptoms. The treatment implications of this cautionary perspective are discussed.
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, School of Human Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1300 Linden Drive, Room 4174, Madison, WI, 53705, USA. raison@wisc.edu.|Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA. raison@wisc.edu.
Charles L
CL
Raison
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016207:Cytokines; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3
Antidepressants; Cytokine antagonists; Cytokines; Inflammation; Major depressive disorder; Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; Omega-3 fatty acids