Gastric protein hydrolysis of raw and roasted almonds in the growing pig.
Gastric protein hydrolysis may influence gastric emptying rate and subsequent protein digestibility in the small intestine. This study examined the gastric hydrolysis of dietary protein from raw and roasted almonds in the growing pig as a model for the adult human. The gastric hydrolysis of almond proteins was quantified by performing tricine-sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and subsequent image analysis. There was an interaction between digestion time, stomach region, and almond type for gastric protein hydrolysis (p<0.05). Gastric emptying rate of protein was a significant (p<0.05) covariate in the gastric protein hydrolysis. In general, greater gastric protein hydrolysis was observed in raw almonds (compared to roasted almonds), hypothesized to be related to structural changes in almond proteins during roasting. Greater gastric protein hydrolysis was observed in the distal stomach (compared to the proximal stomach), likely related to the lower pH in the distal stomach.
Dept. of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA. Electronic address: gbornhorst@ucdavis.edu.
Gail M
GM
Bornhorst
Dept. of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA. Electronic address: kcdrechsler@ucdavis.edu.
Krista C
KC
Drechsler
Riddet Institute, Private Bag 11222, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Massey Institute of Food Science and Technology, Private Bag 11222, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Electronic address: C.Montoya@massey.ac.nz.
Carlos A
CA
Montoya
Riddet Institute, Private Bag 11222, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; Massey Institute of Food Science and Technology, Private Bag 11222, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Electronic address: S.M.Rutherfurd@massey.ac.nz.
Shane M
SM
Rutherfurd
Riddet Institute, Private Bag 11222, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Electronic address: P.J.Moughan@massey.ac.nz.
Paul J
PJ
Moughan
Dept. of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Riddet Institute, Private Bag 11222, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. Electronic address: rpsingh@ucdavis.edu.
R Paul
RP
Singh
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004063:Digestion; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D059748:Proteolysis; D000068181:Prunus dulcis / Q000737:chemistry*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013270:Stomach / Q000502:physiology; D013552:Swine / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology
D004044:Dietary Proteins
Almonds; Gastric digestion; In vivo; Protein hydrolysis; Roasting