In vitro and ex vivo models of multiple sclerosis.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Current therapies suppress a misdirected myelin-destructive immune response. To combat the progressive, neurodestructive phase of MS, the therapeutic research focus is currently on compounds that might boost the endogenous potential of the brain to remyelinate axons, thereby achieving lesion repair. Here, we describe the testing of fingolimod on cultures of oligodendrocytes (OLs) and organotypic brain slices. We detail the protocols, pros, and cons of these in vitro and ex vivo approaches, along with the potential benefit of exploiting skin-punch biopsies from patients with MS, before concluding with a summary of future developments.
Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine and School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland (NUI) Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Martin
M
Madill
Centre for Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
Denise
D
Fitzgerald
Drug Development, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
Kara E
KE
O'Connell
Drug Development, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
Kumlesh K
KK
Dev
Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine and School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland (NUI) Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Sanbing
S
Shen
Galway Neuroscience Centre, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland. Electronic address: una.fitzgerald@nuigalway.ie.
Una
U
FitzGerald
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis; D009836:Oligodendroglia; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques