CTX-M extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella spp, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp and Escherichia coli isolates in Iranian hospitals.
This study was conducted in Iran in order to assess the distribution of CTX-M type ESBLs producing Enterobacteriaceae. From January 2012 to December 2013, totally 198 E. coli, 139 Klebsiella spp, 54 Salmonella spp and 52 Shigella spp from seven hospitals of six provinces in Iran were screened for resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins. After identification and susceptibility testing, isolates presenting multiple-drug resistance (MDR) were evaluated for ESBL production by the disk combination method and by Etest using (cefotaxime and cefotaxime plus clavulanic acid). All isolates were also screened for blaCTX-M using conventional PCR. A total of 42.92%, 33.81%, 14.81% and 7.69% of the E. coli, Klebsiella spp, Salmonella spp and Shigella spp isolates were MDR, respectively. The presence of CTX-M enzyme among ESBL-producing isolates was 85.18%, 77.7%, 50%, and 66.7%, in E. coli, Klebsiella spp, Salmonella spp and Shigella spp respectively. The overall presence of CTX-M genes in Enterobacteriaceae was 15.4% and among the resistant isolates was 47.6%. This study indicated that resistance to β-lactams mediated by CTX-M enzymes in Iran had similar pattern as in other parts of the world. In order to control the spread of resistance, comprehensive studies and programs are needed.
Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Abed Zahedi
AZ
Bialvaei
Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address: Kafilhs@tbzmed.ac.ir.
Hossein Samadi
HS
Kafil
Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Mohammad
M
Asgharzadeh
Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Mohammad
M
Aghazadeh
Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Mehdi
M
Yousefi
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003428:Cross Infection; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D007709:Klebsiella / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012475:Salmonella / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D012760:Shigella / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001618:beta-Lactamases
CTX-M; ESBL; Escherichia coli; Klebsiella spp; Multi-drug resistant; Salmonella spp; Shigella spp