Bilateral iliac and popliteal arterial thrombosis in a child with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.
Thromboembolic complications (TECs) are clinically important sequelae of nephrotic syndrome (NS). The incidence of TECs in children is approximately 2%-5%. The veins are the most commonly affected sites, particularly the deep veins in the legs, the inferior vena cava, the superior vena cava, and the renal veins. Arterial thrombosis, which is less common, typically occurs in the cerebral, pulmonary, and femoral arteries, and is associated with the use of steroids and diuretics. Popliteal artery thrombosis in children has been described in cases of traumatic dissection, osteochondroma, Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, and fibromuscular dysplasia. We report of a 33-month-old girl with bilateral iliac and popliteal arterial thrombosis associated with steroid-resistant NS due to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Her treatment involved thrombectomy and intravenous heparinization, followed by oral warfarin for 8 months. Herein, we report a rare case of spontaneous iliac and popliteal arterial thrombosis in a young child with NS.
Department of Pediatrics, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea.
Kyoung Hee
KH
Han
Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Ji Youn
JY
Park
Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Seung-Kee
SK
Min
Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Il-Soo
IS
Ha
Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.; Research Coordination Center for Rare Diseases, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.; Kidney Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Hae Il
HI
Cheong
Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.; Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Hee Gyung
HG
Kang
Child; Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; Iliac artery; Popliteal artery; Thrombosis