Stability of Nanobubbles Formed at the Interface between Cold Water and Hot Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite.
For the wider application of nanobubbles, a simple and reproducible nucleation process is not readily available. Here we describe a method for nucleating nanobubbles using only the most basic of conditions: depositing cold water at 4 °C on heated highly oriented pyrolytic graphite substrates. This method thus avoids the need, as in previous studies, to use secondary liquids, salts, or electrolysis to nucleate the nanobubbles and provides a pure system in which the properties of nanobubbles can be studied. The nanobubbles generated with this method are observed to survive for at least 5 days, barely changing their contact angles or heights after the first few hours. The stability of the nanobubbles in our system is discussed within the framework of some recently published theories.
Cavitation Lab, Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore.
Hongjie
H
An
Cavitation Lab, Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore.
Beng Hau
BH
Tan
Cavitation Lab, Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore.
Qingyun
Q
Zeng
Cavitation Lab, Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore.
Claus-Dieter
CD
Ohl