Effects of diazinon on the lymphocytic cholinergic system of Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus).
Fish rearing under intensive farming conditions can be easily disturbed by pesticides, substances that have immunotoxic properties and may predispose to infections. Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are widely used in agricultural activities; however, the mechanism of immunotoxicity of these substances is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diazinon pesticides (OPs) on the cholinergic system of immune cells as a possible target of OP immunotoxicity. We evaluated ACh levels and cholinergic (nicotinic and muscarinic) receptor concentration. Additionally, AChE activity was evaluated in mononuclear cells of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), a freshwater fish mostly cultivated in tropical regions around the world. The obtained results indicate that acute exposure to diazinon induces an increase in ACh concentration and a decrease in nAChR and mAChR concentrations and AChE activity in fish immune cells, This suggests that the non-neuronal lymphocytic cholinergic system may be the main target in the mechanism of OP immunotoxicity. This study contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms of immunotoxicity of pollutants and may help to take actions for animal health improvement.
Laboratorio de Inmunotoxicología, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Laboratorio de Inmunotoxicología, Boulevard Tepic-Xalisco s/n, Cd de la Cultura Amado Nervo, C.P. 63190, Tepic Nayarit, Mexico.
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Toledo-Ibarra
Laboratorio de Inmunotoxicología, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Laboratorio de Inmunotoxicología, Boulevard Tepic-Xalisco s/n, Cd de la Cultura Amado Nervo, C.P. 63190, Tepic Nayarit, Mexico.
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Díaz-Resendiz
Departmento de Psicoimmunología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente", Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, 14370 Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
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Pavón-Romero
Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Laboratorio de Inmunotoxicología, Boulevard Tepic-Xalisco s/n, Cd de la Cu ltura Amado Nervo, C.P. 63190, Tepic Nayarit, Mexico.
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Rojas-García
Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Laboratorio de Inmunotoxicología, Boulevard Tepic-Xalisco s/n, Cd de la Cu ltura Amado Nervo, C.P. 63190, Tepic Nayarit, Mexico.
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Medina-Díaz
Laboratorio de Inmunotoxicología, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Laboratorio de Inmunotoxicología, Boulevard Tepic-Xalisco s/n, Cd de la Cultura Amado Nervo, C.P. 63190, Tepic Nayarit, Mexico. Electronic address: ivan_giron@hotmail.com.
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Girón-Pérez
D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000032:analysis; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D023681:Cichlids / Q000276:immunology*; D003976:Diazinon / Q000633:toxicity*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects*; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects
D007306:Insecticides; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D000109:Acetylcholine; D003976:Diazinon
Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Diazinon; Immunotoxicity; Nile tilapia fish; Organophosphorus pesticides