Tornado-like appearance of spontaneous echo contrast assessed by real-time 3D transesophageal echocardiography.
We report a case showing that real-time 3D transesophageal echocardiography provides unique information about the dynamic nature of spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) in 3D space and has the potential to provide better understanding of SEC.
Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
Kyoko
K
Otani
Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan. takeuchi@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp.
Masaaki
M
Takeuchi
Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
Hiromi
H
Nakai
Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
Kyoko
K
Kaku
Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
Nobuhiko
N
Haruki
Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
Hidetoshi
H
Yoshitani
Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
Yutaka
Y
Otsuji
Mitral stenosis; Spontaneous echo contrast; Three-dimensional echocardiography; Transesophageal