A yoga & exercise randomized controlled trial for vasomotor symptoms: Effects on heart rate variability.
OBJECTIVE
Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects the integration of the parasympathetic nervous system with the rest of the body. Studies on the effects of yoga and exercise on HRV have been mixed but suggest that exercise increases HRV. We conducted a secondary analysis of the effect of yoga and exercise on HRV based on a randomized clinical trial of treatments for vasomotor symptoms in peri/post-menopausal women.


METHODS
Randomized clinical trial of behavioral interventions in women with vasomotor symptoms (n=335), 40-62 years old from three clinical study sites.


METHODS
12-weeks of a yoga program, designed specifically for mid-life women, or a supervised aerobic exercise-training program with specific intensity and energy expenditure goals, compared to a usual activity group.


METHODS
Time and frequency domain HRV measured at baseline and at 12 weeks for 15min using Holter monitors.


RESULTS
Women had a median of 7.6 vasomotor symptoms per 24h. Time and frequency domain HRV measures did not change significantly in either of the intervention groups compared to the change in the usual activity group. HRV results did not differ when the analyses were restricted to post-menopausal women.


CONCLUSIONS
Although yoga and exercise have been shown to increase parasympathetic-mediated HRV in other populations, neither intervention increased HRV in middle-aged women with vasomotor symptoms. Mixed results in previous research may be due to sample differences. Yoga and exercise likely improve short-term health in middle-aged women through mechanisms other than HRV.
Group Health Research Institute, 1730 Minor Ave, Seattle, WA 98101, United States. Electronic address: wu.582@osu.edu.
Salene M W
SM
Jones
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States.
Katherine A
KA
Guthrie
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Susan D
SD
Reed
School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Carol A
CA
Landis
Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA, United States.
Barbara
B
Sternfeld
University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.
Andrea Z
AZ
LaCroix
Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, CA, United States.
Andrea
A
Dunn
School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Robert L
RL
Burr
Group Health Research Institute, 1730 Minor Ave, Seattle, WA 98101, United States.
Katherine M
KM
Newton
D000328:Adult; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015013:Yoga
Exercise; Heart rate variability; Hot flashes; Parasympathetic nervous system; Vagal tone; Yoga