PAMP Activity of Cerato-Platanin during Plant Interaction: An -Omic Approach.
Cerato-platanin (CP) is the founder of a fungal protein family consisting in non-catalytic secreted proteins, which work as virulence factors and/or as elicitors of defense responses and systemic resistance, thus acting as PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular patterns). Moreover, CP has been defined an expansin-like protein showing the ability to weaken cellulose aggregates, like the canonical plant expansins do. Here, we deepen the knowledge on CP PAMP activity by the use of a multi-disciplinary approach: proteomic analysis, VOC (volatile organic compound) measurements, and gas exchange determination. The treatment of Arabidopsis with CP induces a differential profile either in protein expression or in VOC emission, as well changes in photosynthetic activity. In agreement with its role of defense activator, CP treatment induces down-expression of enzymes related to primary metabolism, such as RuBisCO, triosephosphate isomerase, and ATP-synthase, and reduces the photosynthesis rate. Conversely, CP increases expression of defense-related proteins and emission of some VOCs. Interestingly, CP exposure triggered the increase in enzymes involved in GSH metabolism and redox homeostasis (glutathione S-transferase, thioredoxin, Cys-peroxiredoxin, catalase) and in enzymes related to the "glucosinolate-myrosinase" system, which are the premise for synthesis of defence compounds, such as camalexin and some VOCs, respectively. The presented results are in agreement with the accepted role of CP as a PAMP and greatly increase the knowledge of plant primary defences induced by a purified fungal elicitor.
Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Universit&#224; di Firenze, viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy. simone.luti@unifi.it.
Simone
S
Luti
Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Universit&#224; di Firenze, viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy. anna.caselli@unifi.it.
Anna
A
Caselli
Department of Agri-Food and Environmental Science, Universit&#224; di Firenze, via delle Idee 30, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy. cosimo.taiti@unifi.it.
Cosimo
C
Taiti
Department of Agri-Food and Environmental Science, Universit&#224; di Firenze, via delle Idee 30, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy. bazihizinanadia@gmail.com.
Nadia
N
Bazihizina
Department of Biology, Universit&#224; di Firenze, via Micheli 1, 50121 Firenze, Italy. cristina.gonnelli@unifi.it.
Cristina
C
Gonnelli
Department of Agri-Food and Environmental Science, Universit&#224; di Firenze, via delle Idee 30, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy. stefano.mancuso@unifi.it.
Stefano
S
Mancuso
Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences, Universit&#224; di Firenze, viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy. luigia.pazzagli@unifi.it.
Luigia
L
Pazzagli
D060467:Disease Resistance; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D023281:Genomics; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D055432:Metabolomics; D000069452:Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology*; D040901:Proteomics; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000378:metabolism
D005656:Fungal Proteins; D000069452:Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds
PAMP; ROS signaling; VOC accumulation; cerato-platanin; expansin; plant defense