Th17-related cytokines in mucositis: is there any difference between peri-implantitis and periodontitis patients?
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to compare Th17-related cytokines named IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23, IL-25, IL-31, IL-33, IFN-γ, sCD40L and TNF-α in peri-implant fluid (PIF) from mucositis sites in patients having either peri-implantitis, periodontitis or without interproximal alveolar bone loss.


METHODS
Thirty-three patients diagnosed with peri-implant mucositis were divided into three groups: individuals with peri-implant mucositis but without any signs of interproximal alveolar bone loss (group 1, n = 10), individuals with peri-implantitis (group 2, n = 14) and individuals with periodontitis (group 3, n = 9). Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), visible plaque index and bleeding on probing were measured. PIF was collected from mucositis sites in patients from the three groups and from peri-implantitis (group 2) and periodontitis sites (group 3). Cytokines were measured by a bead-based multiplex assay.


RESULTS
Probing depth was significantly lower in group 1 when compared to both groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.001 and P = 0.01, respectively). There was no significant difference in cytokine levels in mucositis sites among the three groups. In group 2, IL-21 level was significantly higher in mucositis compared to peri-implantitis sites (P = 0.04).


CONCLUSIONS
The expression of Th17-related cytokines in PIF from mucositis sites seems to be similar regardless the presence or not of alveolar bone loss around implants or teeth.
Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Mayla Kezy Silva
MKS
Teixeira
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Ronaldo
R
Lira-Junior
Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Daniel Moraes
DM
Telles
Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Eduardo José Veras
EJV
Lourenço
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Carlos Marcelo
CM
Figueredo
D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D015921:Dental Implants; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D052016:Mucositis / Q000378:metabolism*; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000378:metabolism*
D016207:Cytokines; D015921:Dental Implants
cytokine; dental implant; mucositis; peri-implantitis; periodontitis