Monitoring genotoxicity in freshwater microcrustaceans: A new application of the micronucleus assay.
We have applied the micronucleus (MN) assay to the measurement of genotoxicity in microcrustaceans. Daphnids (Daphnia magna) and Copepods (Acanthocyclops robustus) were collected in situ and acclimated in the lab for 24h. The MN assay was successful with the Daphnids but not with the Copepods. Adult Daphnids were exposed to sublethal concentrations of metals (Cu, Zn, Cd) or insecticide (deltamethrin) for 2 and 7d. Dose-dependent induction of MN was observed after 2 d exposure, with 2-fold induction at the highest doses for each chemical tested. The advantages and ecological relevance of using Daphnids in genotoxicity assessment are highlighted. The Daphnid assay may be a reliable test for aquatic genotoxicity hazard/risk assessment and a useful alternative to studies of amphibians.
Unité de Recherche de Toxicologie Environnementale et Marine, UR 09-03, IPEIS, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Barka
Unité de Recherche de Toxicologie Environnementale et Marine, UR 09-03, IPEIS, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia; Department of biology, Faculty of Sciences, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: zouhourouanes@yahoo.fr.
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Ouanes
Unité de Recherche de Toxicologie Environnementale et Marine, UR 09-03, IPEIS, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Gharbi
Unité de Recherche de Toxicologie Environnementale et Marine, UR 09-03, IPEIS, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Gdara
Unité de Recherche de Biologie Animale et Systématique Evolutive 2092, Campus Universitaire, Manar II, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Tunisia.
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Mouelhi
Unité de Recherche de Toxicologie Environnementale et Marine, UR 09-03, IPEIS, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Hamza-Chaffai
D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity; D003300:Copper / Q000633:toxicity; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D009570:Nitriles / Q000633:toxicity; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000633:toxicity; D015032:Zinc / Q000633:toxicity; D015048:Zooplankton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; D002104:Cadmium; C017180:decamethrin; D003300:Copper; D015032:Zinc
Daphnia magna; Deltamethrin; Metals; Micronucleus assay; Zooplankton