Hyperuricemia and tumor lysis syndrome in children with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to examine the incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcome of hyperuricemia and tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) in children with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).


METHODS
This retrospective study included data from 327 patients (113 NHL and 214 ALL).


RESULTS
Hyperuricemia occurred in 26.5% and 12.6% of the patients with NHL and ALL, respectively. The corresponding figures for TLS were 15.9% and 0.47% (p=0.001). All hyperuricemic NHL patients had advanced disease and renal involvement was present in 53%. All hyperuricemic ALL patients had a leukocyte count >50,000 mm3 at the time of diagnosis. Among the hyperuricemic NHL and ALL patients, 96.6% and 66.6% had LDH ≥500 UI/L, respectively. Treatment consisted of hydration and allopurinol; none of the patients received urate oxidase. Among the patients that developed TLS, 26.3% had laboratory TLS, 42.1% had grade I or II TLS, and 31.6% had grade III or IV TLS. Uric acid levels returned to normal after a mean period of 3.5±2.5 and 3.05±0.8 d in NHL and ALL groups, respectively. In all, 7% of the patients with hyperuricemia required hemodialysis. None of the patients died.


CONCLUSIONS
In this series the factors associated with a high-risk for TLS were renal involvement in NHL and high leucocyte count in ALL. Management with allopurinol and hydration was effective in this group of patients with high tumor burden.
Department of Pediatric Oncology, Medical Faculty, Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey, Phone: +90 224 295 04 21 E-mail: bsevinir@yahoo.com.
Betül
B
Sevinir
Metin
M
Demirkaya
Birol
B
Baytan
Adalet Meral
AM
Güneş