Monocyte chemotactic protein-1, RANTES and macrophage migration inhibitory factor levels in gingival crevicular fluid of metabolic syndrome patients with gingivitis.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the present study was to determine gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted protein (RANTES) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in metabolic syndrome patients with gingivitis.


METHODS
Twenty metabolic syndrome patients with gingivitis (MSG), 20 MetS patients with clinically healthy periodontium (MSH), 20 systemically healthy subjects with gingivitis and 20 subjects who were both systemically and periodontally healthy were included. Periodontal and systemical parameters were recorded. GCF MCP-1, RANTES and MIF levels were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.


RESULTS
MSG and MSH groups had elevated blood pressure, triglyceride, waist circumference and fasting glucose values in comparison to gingivitis and healthy groups (P<0.0001). Clinical periodontal parameters were higher in MSG and gingivitis groups when compared to those of the MSH and healthy groups (P<0.0001). MCP-1 and RANTES levels (ng/mg total protein) of MSG group were higher than those of the MSH groups (P=0.005, P=0.0001, respectively). Also gingivitis group had higher MCP-1, RANTES and MIF levels compared to the healthy group (P=0.011, P=0.0001, P=0.011 respectively). The RANTES level of MSG group was significantly higher than those of the gingivitis group (P=0.01), but MCP-1 and MIF levels were similar in the MSG and gingivitis groups (P>0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Elevated levels of GCF RANTES in MetS patients with gingivitis might associate with the presence of increased gingival inflammation by MetS. Low-grade systemic inflammation associated with MetS and adipose tissue-derived RANTES might lead to altered GCF RANTES levels in the presence of gingival inflammation.
Ege University, School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, İzmir, Turkey. Electronic address: aligurkan@ege.edu.tr.
Ali
A
Gürkan
Ege University, School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, İzmir, Turkey.
Gülnihal
G
Eren
Ege University, School of Medicine, Department of Metabolic Diseases and Endocrinology, İzmir, Turkey.
Şevki
Ş
Çetinkalp
Ege University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, İzmir, Turkey.
Yasemin Delen
YD
Akçay
Ege University, School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, İzmir, Turkey.
Gülnur
G
Emingil
Ege University, School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, İzmir, Turkey.
Gül
G
Atilla
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000378:metabolism*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010519:Periodontium / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
D015415:Biomarkers; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; C483024:CCL5 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D014280:Triglycerides; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C515598:MIF protein, human
Chemokine; Gingivitis; Inflammation; Metabolic syndrome