The Ex Vivo Culture and Pattern Recognition Receptor Stimulation of Mouse Intestinal Organoids.
Primary intestinal organoids are a valuable model system that has the potential to significantly impact the field of mucosal immunology. However, the complexities of the organoid growth characteristics carry significant caveats for the investigator. Specifically, the growth patterns of each individual organoid are highly variable and create a heterogeneous population of epithelial cells in culture. With such caveats, common tissue culture practices cannot be simply applied to the organoid system due to the complexity of the cellular structure. Counting and plating based solely on cell number, which is common for individually separated cells, such as cell lines, is not a reliable method for organoids unless some normalization technique is applied. Normalizing to total protein content is made complex due to the resident protein matrix. These characteristics in terms of cell number, shape and cell type should be taken into consideration when evaluating secreted contents from the organoid mass. This protocol has been generated to outline a simple procedure to culture and treat small intestinal organoids with microbial pathogens and pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). It also emphasizes the normalization techniques that should be applied when protein analysis are conducted after such a challenge.
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech.
Daniel E
DE
Rothschild
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University.
Tara
T
Srinivasan
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech.
Linette A
LA
Aponte-Santiago
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University; School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University.
Xiling
X
Shen
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech; icallen@vt.edu.
Irving C
IC
Allen
D000818:Animals; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D051379:Mice; D009940:Organoids; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques
D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition