Neodymium doped hydroxyapatite theranostic nanoplatforms for colon specific drug delivery applications.
Theranostic nanoplatforms integrate therapeutic payloads with diagnostic agents, and help monitor therapeutic response. In this regard, stimuli responsive nanoplatforms further favour combinatorial therapeutic approach that can considerably improve efficacy and specificity of treatment. Herein, we present the engineering of a smart theranostic nanoplatform based on neodymium doped hydroxyapatite (HAN). The presence of neodymium endows the HAN nanoplatforms with near-infrared fluorescence capability. These HAN nanoparticles were then subsequently modified with alginic acid (HANA) to confer pH responsiveness to the synthesized nanoplatforms delivering them to the colon after oral administration. These nanoplatforms possessing optimum size, needle shaped morphology and negative zeta potential, are conducive to cellular internalization. On excitation at 410nm they exhibit near infrared emission at 670nm unraveling their theranostic capabilities. Cytotoxic effects systematically assessed using MTT and live dead assays reveal excellent viability. Raman microscopic imaging technique used to visualize uptake in HeLa cells demonstrate increased uptake from 4 to 16h, with growing cluster size and localization in the cytoplasm. Moreover the concomitant presence of alginic acid manifested advantages of augmented loading and pH dependent release profiles of the model drug, 4 acetyl salicylic acid (4ASA). We could thus establish a theranostic system for early tumour detection, targeted tumour therapy and monitoring of colon cancer that can be administered via the oral route.
Polymer Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, India.
Sunita Prem
SP
Victor
Central Analytical Facility, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, India; Biosurface Technology Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, 695012, India.
Willi
W
Paul
Polymer Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, India.
V M
VM
Vineeth
Polymer Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, India.
Remya
R
Komeri
Polymer Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram 695012, India.
Muthu
M
Jayabalan
Biosurface Technology Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, 695012, India. Electronic address: drsharmacp@yahoo.com.
Chandra P
CP
Sharma
D000818:Animals; D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D000067493:Dynamic Light Scattering; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D051379:Mice; D009354:Neodymium / Q000737:chemistry*; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000187:drug effects; D010316:Particle Size; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D055672:Static Electricity; D000068936:Theranostic Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*
D009354:Neodymium; D017886:Durapatite; D001241:Aspirin
Colon cancer; Neodymium; Raman chemical mapping; Theranostic