Thermal stability and binding energetics of thymidylate synthase ThyX.
The bacterial thymidylate synthase ThyX is a multisubstrate flavoenzyme that takes part in the de novo synthesis of thymidylate in a variety of microorganisms. Herein we study the effect of FAD and dUMP binding on the thermal stability of wild type (WT) ThyX from the mesophilic Paramecium bursaria chlorella virus-1 (PBCV-1) and from the thermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima (TmThyX), and from two variants of TmThyX, Y91F and S88W, using differential scanning calorimetry. The energetics underlying these processes was characterized by isothermal titration calorimetry. The PBCV-1 protein is significantly less stable against the thermal challenge than the TmThyX WT. FAD exerted stabilizing effect greater for PBCV-1 than for TmThyX and for both mutants, whereas binding of dUMP to FAD-loaded proteins stabilized further only TmThyX. Different thermodynamic signatures describe the FAD binding to the WT ThyX proteins. While TmThyX binds FAD with a low μM binding affinity in a process characterized by a favorable entropy change, the assembly of PBCV-1 with FAD is governed by a large enthalpy change opposed by an unfavorable entropy change resulting in a relatively strong nM binding. An enthalpy-driven formation of a high affinity ternary ThyX/FAD/dUMP complex was observed only for TmThyX.
Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Sashka
S
Krumova
Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Svetla
S
Todinova
Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Milena
M
Tileva
LOB, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France.
Latifa
L
Bouzhir-Sima
LOB, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France.
Marten H
MH
Vos
LOB, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France.
Ursula
U
Liebl
Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria. Electronic address: stefka.germanova@ehu.es.
Stefka G
SG
Taneva
D002151:Calorimetry; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D003067:Coenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D003856:Deoxyuracil Nucleotides / Q000378:metabolism; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide / Q000378:metabolism; D050505:Mutant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013696:Temperature; D020124:Thermotoga maritima / Q000201:enzymology*; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*; D044366:Transition Temperature
D003067:Coenzymes; D003856:Deoxyuracil Nucleotides; D050505:Mutant Proteins; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; C007267:2'-deoxyuridylic acid; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase
Differential scanning calorimetry; FAD; Isothermal titration calorimetry; Thymidylate synthase; dUMP