Time course of cardiac lesions due to Kawasaki disease in Japan: 22nd nationwide survey (2011-2012).
BACKGROUND
Although Kawasaki disease (KD) cardiac lesions can be treated with i.v. immunoglobulin (IVIG) and are associated with age and sex, the time course of cardiac lesions remains unclear on the large scale.


METHODS
We used the data of the 22nd nationwide survey of KD in Japan (2011-2012). We divided the time course of cardiac lesions into eight groups according to the combination of timing (first visit to hospital, acute phase, and sequelae) and presence of cardiac lesions (E, existence of cardiac lesions; N, non-existence of cardiac lesions): EEE, EEN, ENE, NEE, ENN, NEN, NNE, and NNN. For example, EEN shows that cardiac lesions existed at first visit to hospital and in the acute phase, but did not exist as sequelae. A total of 24 952 patients were analyzed.


RESULTS
The majority (90.6%) of patients belonged to the NNN group, followed by the EEN (3.21%) and NEN (3.33%) groups. Male sex and ages ≤5 months and ≥5 years tended to be more prevalent. Non-response to initial IVIG therapy was the most prevalent in all groups other than NNN.


CONCLUSIONS
The time course of cardiac lesions and the relationship with sex, age, and IVIG therapy have been described. KD patients who are male, aged ≤5 months or ≥5 years, and non-responders to initial IVIG tend to have cardiac lesions at some point in the time course of KD.
Department of Public Health, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.
Takahiro
T
Goto
Department of Public Health, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.
Takashi
T
Sano
Department of Public Health, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.
Takao
T
Kojo
Department of Public Health, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.
Ryusuke
R
Ae
Department of Public Health, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.
Yasuko
Y
Aoyama
Department of Public Health, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.
Nobuko
N
Makino
Department of Public Health, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.
Kazuhiko
K
Kotani
Department of Public Health, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.
Yosikazu
Y
Nakamura
D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007223:Infant; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D009080:Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous
cardiovascular complication; epidemiology; immunoglobulin; mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome; prognosis