[Lower limb peripheral arterial disease in 268 patients in Guadeloupe].
Peripheral arterial disease of the lower limbs is a serious condition because of its local and general prognosis.


OBJECTIVE
To identify the localization of peripheral arterial disease, associated risk factors, topography and features of the disease in Guadeloupe.


METHODS
A descriptive non-interventional study was performed in Guadeloupe located in French West Indies from March to June 2014. Data for all patients, who underwent Doppler ultrasound of the lower limb in a vascular outpatient clinic and in the University Hospital in Guadeloupe for known or suspected peripheral arterial disease were included.


RESULTS
The study included 268 patients. Localizations were: infrapopliteal (n=227 patients), popliteal (n=148), femoral (n=185) and aorto-iliac (n=115). Smoking was associated with aorto-iliac (16 patients; P<0.05) and femoral (27 patients; P<0.05) localizations. Diabetes was associated with infrapopliteal localizations (133 patients; P<0.05), and high blood pressure was associated with infrapopliteal, popliteal and femoral localizations. Mean age was 73.1±10.8 years; half of patients (51 %) were women. Peripheral arterial disease was known for 52 % of the population; 147 patients were asymptomatic. Associated factors were high blood pressure (88 %), diabetes (63 %), dyslipidemia (45 %), and smoking (7 %). Ischemic heart disease was found in 14 % of patients, cerebrovascular disease in 18 % and all three localizations in 4 %. A history of amputation, bypass or endovascular treatment was found in 11 %, 20 % and 32 % of patients respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
In our population, an infrapopliteal site was more often found than a proximal site. Distal localization was associated with diabetes, and proximal localization with smoking. Cardiovascular risk factors exhibited an atypical pattern with a large majority of patients (88 %) having high blood pressure, two-thirds diabetes, but with very few (7 %) smokers. Peripheral arterial disease was more often associated with a history of stroke than with ischemic heart disease.
Unité d'exploration cardiovasculaire et de médecine vasculaire, centre hospitalier et universitaire de Pointe-à-Pitre, route de Chauvel, 97139 Abymes, Guadeloupe. Electronic address: belaye.lavinia@hotmail.fr.
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Bélaye
35, rue Baudot, 97100 Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe.
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Lurel
Unité d'exploration cardiovasculaire et de médecine vasculaire, centre hospitalier et universitaire de Pointe-à-Pitre, route de Chauvel, 97139 Abymes, Guadeloupe.
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Ezelin
Tour Massabielle, 97110 Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe.
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Cassin
Unité d'exploration cardiovasculaire et de médecine vasculaire, centre hospitalier et universitaire de Pointe-à-Pitre, route de Chauvel, 97139 Abymes, Guadeloupe.
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Lutin
Unité d'exploration cardiovasculaire et de médecine vasculaire, centre hospitalier et universitaire de Pointe-à-Pitre, route de Chauvel, 97139 Abymes, Guadeloupe.
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Porcène
Unité d'exploration cardiovasculaire et de médecine vasculaire, centre hospitalier et universitaire de Pointe-à-Pitre, route de Chauvel, 97139 Abymes, Guadeloupe.
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Helissey
Unité d'exploration cardiovasculaire et de médecine vasculaire, centre hospitalier et universitaire de Pointe-à-Pitre, route de Chauvel, 97139 Abymes, Guadeloupe; Équipe de recherche épidémiologie clinique et médecine ECM/LAMIA, EA 4540, université des Antilles et de la Guyane, centre hospitalier universitaire, Guyane.
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Blanchet-Deverly
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery; D019430:Guadeloupe / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D007083:Iliac Artery; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011150:Popliteal Artery; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler
Artériopathie des membres inférieurs athéromateuse; Atheromatous disease; Distal localization; Guadeloupe; Guadeloupe French West Indies; Localisation athéromateuse; Peripheral arterial disease; Topographie distale