Efficacy of parent-delivered behavioral therapy for primary complex motor stereotypies.
OBJECTIVE
Primary complex motor stereotypies (CMS) are persistent, patterned, repetitive, rhythmic movements in young people with typical development. This study evaluated the efficacy of an instructional DVD as a home-based, parent-administered, behavioral therapy for primary CMS.


METHODS
Eighty-one children with primary CMS were enrolled. Primary outcome measures included the Stereotypy Severity Scale (SSS) - Motor and Impairment scores, and Stereotypy Linear Analog Scale (SLAS). Mean CMS onset was 13.4 months (SD 13.1). Eligibility required observed CMS. Psychiatric disorders were not exclusionary and a stable medication regimen was required. Intellectual disability, neurological disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and tics were exclusionary. Initial assessments were completed via REDCap before receipt of the DVD. Fifty-four of the 81 children (34 male, 20 female; mean age 8y 2mo, SD 1.42, range 7-14y) completed assessments at 1, 2, or 3 months after receiving the DVD.


RESULTS
Reductions (baseline to last assessment) in SSS Motor, SSS Impairment, and SLAS scores (all p<0.001) represented change ratios of -15%, -24%, and a -20% respectively. Greatest relative treatment benefit was observed by younger children (ages 7-8y), and by 1 month after receipt of DVD, while a parent global assessment scale showed progressive improvement throughout the study.


CONCLUSIONS
An instructional DVD for parent-delivered behavioral therapy was a safe, effective intervention for primary CMS.
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Matthew W
MW
Specht
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.|Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
E Mark
EM
Mahone
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Tina
T
Kline
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Richard
R
Waranch
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Laurel
L
Brabson
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Carol B
CB
Thompson
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Harvey S
HS
Singer
D000293:Adolescent; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D019956:Stereotypic Movement Disorder / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome