Food Insecurity in Urban and Rural Areas in Central Brazil: Transition from Locally Produced Foods to Processed Items.
Aiming to investigate the effect of diet and food consumption with regard to health, environment, and economy in light of nutrition ecology, we studied the dimensions of nutrition and food security in urban and rural settings in the region of Chapada dos Veadeiros, Central Brazil. We tracked diet and food consumption through carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios in fingernails of these inhabitants together with food intake data as a proxy for their diet patterns. We estimated household food insecurity by using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Nutrition and food insecurity was observed in both urban and rural areas, but was accentuated in rural settings. The diet pattern had high δ(13)C values in fingernails and low δ(15)N. Both urban and rural areas have diets with low diversity and relying on low-quality processed food staples at the same time that nutrition and food insecurity is quite high in the region.
a Faculdade UnB Planaltina, Campus UnB Planaltina , Universidade de Brasília , Brasília , Brazil.
Livia Penna Firme
LP
Rodrigues
a Faculdade UnB Planaltina, Campus UnB Planaltina , Universidade de Brasília , Brasília , Brazil.
Raissa Costa
RC
Carvalho
a Faculdade UnB Planaltina, Campus UnB Planaltina , Universidade de Brasília , Brasília , Brazil.
Agatha
A
Maciel
a Faculdade UnB Planaltina, Campus UnB Planaltina , Universidade de Brasília , Brasília , Brazil.
Polyanna Nunes
PN
Otanasio
b Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" , Universidade de São Paulo , Piracicaba , Brazil.
Maria Elisa de Paula Eduardo
ME
Garavello
c Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade de Brasília , Brasília , Brazil.
Gabriela Bielefeld
GB
Nardoto
D001938:Brazil; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000032:analysis; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development; D003906:Developing Countries; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D005191:Family Characteristics / Q000208:ethnology; D005511:Food Handling; D063427:Food Quality; D005523:Food Supply / Q000191:economics; D051639:Gardening; D019456:Health Transition; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D009262:Nails / Q000737:chemistry; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes / Q000032:analysis; D009749:Nutrition Surveys / Q000379:methods; D009752:Nutritional Status; D012423:Rural Health / Q000191:economics / Q000208:ethnology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014504:Urban Health / Q000191:economics / Q000208:ethnology
D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes
Carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios; diet pattern; nutrition and food securities; nutrition transition; nutritional ecology