[A multifocal form of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum in an immunocompetent child treated with a short course of liposomal amphotericin B].
BACKGROUND
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a parasitic infestation caused by various species of Leishmania protozoa transmitted by the bite of phlebotomine sand flies. Herein we report a case of multifocal CL due to Leishmania infantum in an immunocompetent child treated with liposomal amphotericin B.


METHODS
A 10-month-old baby was referred for multiple ulcerated nodules of the face and upper limbs present for 5 months and following travel to North Morocco. Histological and parasitological examinations resulted in a diagnosis of CL due to L. infantum. The child was treated with intravenous liposomal amphotericin B in accordance with the schedule for visceral leishmaniasis (10mg/kg over 2 days), and rapid improvement of the lesions was seen within 10 days.


CONCLUSIONS
Clinical polymorphism of CL exists according to the infecting species. The multifocal presentation in our patient is very unusual for CL due to L. infantum in an immunocompetent child. To our knowledge, there have been no previous reports of successful use of parenteral liposomal amphotericin B for CL caused by L. infantum as described in our case.
Service de dermatologie, hôpital Archet 2, CHU, route de Saint-Antoine-de-Ginestière, 06200 Nice, France. Electronic address: helene.taquin@yahoo.fr.
H
H
Taquin
Service de dermatologie, hôpital Archet 2, CHU, route de Saint-Antoine-de-Ginestière, 06200 Nice, France.
C
C
Chiaverini
Service de parasitologie-mycologie, hôpital Archet 2, CHU, route de Saint-Antoine-de-Ginestière, 06200 Nice, France.
P
P
Marty
Service de dermatologie, hôpital Archet 2, CHU, route de Saint-Antoine-de-Ginestière, 06200 Nice, France.
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JP
Lacour
D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007121:Immunocompetence; D007223:Infant; D018314:Leishmania infantum / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000188:drug therapy*
D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; C068538:liposomal amphotericin B; D000666:Amphotericin B
Amphotéricine B liposomale (Ambisome(®)); Infantile cutaneous leishmaniasis; Leishmania infantum; Leishmaniose cutanée infantile; Liposomal amphotericin B (Ambisome(®))