Identification of Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides Derived from Enzymatic Hydrolysates of Razor Clam Sinonovacula constricta.
Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of razor clam hydrolysates produced using five proteases, namely, pepsin, trypsin, alcalase, flavourzyme and proteases from Actinomucor elegans T3 was investigated. Flavourzyme hydrolysate showed the highest level of degree of hydrolysis (DH) (45.87%) followed by A. elegans T3 proteases hydrolysate (37.84%) and alcalase (30.55%). The A. elegans T3 proteases was observed to be more effective in generating small peptides with ACE-inhibitory activity. The 3 kDa membrane permeate of A. elegans T3 proteases hydrolysate showed the highest ACE-inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 0.79 mg/mL. After chromatographic separation by Sephadex G-15 gel filtration and reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography, the potent fraction was subjected to MALDI/TOF-TOF MS/MS for identification. A novel ACE-inhibitory peptide (VQY) was identified exhibiting an IC50 of 9.8 μM. The inhibitory kinetics investigation by Lineweaver-Burk plots demonstrated that the peptide acts as a competitive ACE inhibitor. The razor clam hydrolysate obtained by A. elegans T3 proteases could serve as a source of functional peptides with ACE-inhibitory activity for physiological benefits.
School of Life Sciences and Food Technology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China. fgtmyself@163.com.
Yun
Y
Li
College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. faizan_nri@yahoo.co.uk.
Faizan A
FA
Sadiq
School of Life Sciences and Food Technology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China. fl1990@163.com.
Li
L
Fu
School of Life Sciences and Food Technology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China. gdzhuhui@126.com.
Hui
H
Zhu
School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China. zhongmh@hstc.edu.cn.
Minghua
M
Zhong
National Institute of Food Science &amp; Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan. Sohail.nifsat@gmail.com.
Muhammad
M
Sohail
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000737:chemistry*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry*; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000737:chemistry*; D012758:Shellfish; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D010455:Peptides; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases
ACE-inhibitory peptides; Actinomucor elegans proteases; MALDI/TOF-TOF MS/MS; enzymatic hydrolysis; identification; razor clam