[Cardiovascular complications of hypertensive crisis].
It is inexorable that a proportion of patients with systemic arterial hypertension will develop a hypertensive crisis at some point in their lives. The hypertensive crises can be divided in hypertensive patients with emergency or hypertensive emergency, according to the presence or absence of acute end-organ damage. In this review, we discuss the cardiovascular hypertensive emergencies, including acute coronary syndrome, congestive heart failure, aortic dissection and sympathomimetic hypertensive crises (those caused by cocaine use included). Each is presented in a unique way, although some patients with hypertensive emergency report non-specific symptoms. Treatment includes multiple medications for quick and effective action with security to reduce blood pressure, protect the function of organs remaining, relieve symptoms, minimize the risk of complications and improve patient outcomes.
División de Investigación en Salud, Hospital de Cardiología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México. mrosas_peralta@hotmail.com.
Martín
M
Rosas-Peralta
Gabriela
G
Borrayo-Sánchez
Alejandra
A
Madrid-Miller
Erick
E
Ramírez-Arias
Gilberto
G
Pérez-Rodríguez
D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D000208:Acute Disease; D000784:Aortic Dissection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D001014:Aortic Aneurysm / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D018450:Disease Progression; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy
Acute coronary syndrome; Emergencies; Heart failure; Hypertension; Myocardial infarction