Noninvasive assessment of pulmonary vascular resistance and pressure in patients with congenital heart disease: a new method using M-mode echocardiography.
BACKGROUND
The accurate evaluation of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and mean pulmonary artery pressure is important to determine the optimal management and therapeutic strategy for patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). We evaluated the PVR and mean pulmonary artery pressure in 46 patients with several CHD types using the interventricular septum (IVS) motion determined by M-mode echocardiography.


METHODS
We divided the patients into 2 groups according to the different IVS motions. We measured the maximum anterior displacement from the baseline during early systole (a) and the maximum posterior displacement from the baseline during early diastole (b). We defined type A to be a/b greater than or equal to 1.0, and type B to be a/b less than 1.0.


RESULTS
The PVR and mean pulmonary artery pressure in type A patients were significantly higher than those in type B patients (p < 0.05). Type A IVS motion predicted patients with high PVR (>2.5 unit/m(2)) and high mean pulmonary artery pressure (>25 mmHg) (sensitivity 89%, specificity 89% and sensitivity 70%, specificity 91%, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
Our method can noninvasively separate high and low PVR among patients with CHD. This noninvasive method is therefore considered to be useful in the management of patients with CHD in a clinical setting.
Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
Sumito
S
Kimura
Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
Yayoi
Y
Nakahata
Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
Takashi
T
Honda
Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
Hisashi
H
Ando
Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
Shohei
S
Ogata
Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
Kazumasa
K
Akiyama
Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
Yoshito
Y
Ogihara
Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan. ishiim@med.kitasato-u.ac.jp.
Masahiro
M
Ishii
Congenital heart disease; M-mode echocardiography; Pulmonary artery resistance; Pulmonary hypertension