Rapid measurement of phytosterols in fortified food using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection.
A novel method for the measurement of total phytosterols in fortified food was developed and tested using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Unlike existing methods, this technique is capable of simultaneously extracting sterols during saponification thus significantly reducing extraction time and cost. The rapid method is suitable for sterol determination in a range of complex fortified foods including milk, cheese, fat spreads, oils and meat. The main enhancements of this new method include accuracy and precision, robustness, cost effectiveness and labour/time efficiencies. To achieve these advantages, quantification and the critical aspects of saponification were investigated and optimised. The final method demonstrated spiked recoveries in multiple matrices at 85-110% with a relative standard deviation of 1.9% and measurement uncertainty value of 10%.
Australian Government, National Measurement Institute (NMI), 1/153 Bertie Street, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia; Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
Samantha
S
Duong
Australian Government, National Measurement Institute (NMI), 1/153 Bertie Street, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia.
Norbert
N
Strobel
Australian Government, National Measurement Institute (NMI), 1/153 Bertie Street, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia.
Saman
S
Buddhadasa
Australian Government, National Measurement Institute (NMI), 1/153 Bertie Street, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia.
Katherine
K
Stockham
Department of Environment and Primary Industry (DEPI), 1301 Hazeldean Road, Ellinbank, VIC 3821, Australia.
Martin
M
Auldist
Department of Environment and Primary Industry (DEPI), 1301 Hazeldean Road, Ellinbank, VIC 3821, Australia.
Bill
B
Wales
Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
John
J
Orbell
Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia. Electronic address: marlene.cran@vu.edu.au.
Marlene
M
Cran
D000818:Animals; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D005410:Flame Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D005527:Food, Fortified / Q000032:analysis*; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000032:analysis*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000032:analysis
D010840:Phytosterols; D010938:Plant Oils
5α-Cholestane (PubChem CID: 2723895); 5β-Cholestan-3α-ol (PubChem CID: 16219103); Brassicasterol (PubChem CID: 5281327); Campesterol (PubChem CID: 173183); Cholesterol (PubChem CID: 5997); Fortified foods; Gas chromatography flame ionization detector (GC-FID); Phytosterol; Plant sterols; Rapid analysis; Stigmastanol (PubChem CID: 241572); Stigmasterol (PubChem CID: 5280794); β-Sitosterol (PubChem CID: 222284)