Association Between Stressful Life Events and Depression; Intersection of Race and Gender.
Although stressful life events (SLEs) and depression are associated, we do not know if the intersection of race and gender modifies the magnitude of this link. Using a nationally representative sample of adults in the USA, we tested if the association between SLE and major depressive episode (MDE) depends on the intersection of race and gender.



Data came from the National Survey of American Life (NSAL), 2003, a cross-sectional survey that enrolled 5899 adults including 5008 Blacks (African-Americans or Caribbean Blacks), and 891 Non-Hispanic Whites. Logistic regression was used for data analysis. Stressful life events (past 30 days) was the independent variable, 12-month MDE was the dependent variable, and age, educational level, marital status, employment, and region of country were controls.



In the pooled sample, SLE was associated with MDE above and beyond all covariates, without the SLE × race interaction term being significant. Among men, the SLE × race interaction was significant, suggesting a stronger association between SLE and MDE among White men compared to Black men. Such interaction between SLE × race could not be found among women.



The association between SLE and depression may be stronger for White men than Black men; however, this link does not differ between White and Black women. More research is needed to better understand the mechanism behind race by gender variation in the stress-depression link.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, 4250 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2700, USA. assari@umich.edu.|Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health (CRECH), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. assari@umich.edu.
Shervin
S
Assari
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, 4250 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2700, USA.|Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health (CRECH), School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Maryam Moghani
MM
Lankarani
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017691:Caribbean Region; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000208:ethnology*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D044465:White People
Ethic groups; Gender; Major depressive episode; Race; Stressful life events