16S rRNA amplicon sequencing identifies microbiota associated with oral cancer, human papilloma virus infection and surgical treatment.
Systemic inflammatory events and localized disease, mediated by the microbiome, may be measured in saliva as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) diagnostic and prognostic biomonitors. We used a 16S rRNA V3-V5 marker gene approach to compare the saliva microbiome in DNA isolated from Oropharyngeal (OPSCC), Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OCSCC) patients and normal epithelium controls, to characterize the HNSCC saliva microbiota and examine their abundance before and after surgical resection.The analyses identified a predominance of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, with less frequent presence of Actinobacteria and Fusobacteria before surgery. At lower taxonomic levels, the most abundant genera were Streptococcus, Prevotella, Haemophilus, Lactobacillus and Veillonella, with lower numbers of Citrobacter and Neisseraceae genus Kingella. HNSCC patients had a significant loss in richness and diversity of microbiota species (p<0.05) compared to the controls. Overall, the Operational Taxonomic Units network shows that the relative abundance of OTU's within genus Streptococcus, Dialister, and Veillonella can be used to discriminate tumor from control samples (p<0.05). Tumor samples lost Neisseria, Aggregatibacter (Proteobacteria), Haemophillus (Firmicutes) and Leptotrichia (Fusobacteria). Paired taxa within family Enterobacteriaceae, together with genus Oribacterium, distinguish OCSCC samples from OPSCC and normal samples (p<0.05). Similarly, only HPV positive samples have an abundance of genus Gemellaceae and Leuconostoc (p<0.05). Longitudinal analyses of samples taken before and after surgery, revealed a reduction in the alpha diversity measure after surgery, together with an increase of this measure in patients that recurred (p<0.05). These results suggest that microbiota may be used as HNSCC diagnostic and prognostic biomonitors.
Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.|Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Rafael
R
Guerrero-Preston
Natural Sciences Department, Microbial Ecology and Genomics Laboratory, Inter American University of Puerto Rico, Metropolitan Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Filipa
F
Godoy-Vitorino
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Anne
A
Jedlicka
Natural Sciences Department, Microbial Ecology and Genomics Laboratory, Inter American University of Puerto Rico, Metropolitan Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Arnold
A
Rodríguez-Hilario
Natural Sciences Department, Microbial Ecology and Genomics Laboratory, Inter American University of Puerto Rico, Metropolitan Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Herminio
H
González
Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Jessica
J
Bondy
Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Fahcina
F
Lawson
Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Oluwasina
O
Folawiyo
Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Christina
C
Michailidi
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Amanda
A
Dziedzic
Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Rajagowthamee
R
Thangavel
Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Tal
T
Hadar
Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.|Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Maartje G
MG
Noordhuis
Department of Pathology-Surgical Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
William
W
Westra
Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Wayne
W
Koch
Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
David
D
Sidransky
D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery / Q000821:virology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005784:Gene Amplification; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D064307:Microbiota / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery / Q000821:virology; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D011379:Prognosis; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D000077195:Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
16s rRNA; human papilloma virus (HPV); microbiome; oral cancer; oropharyngeal cancer