Quality changes of salmon by-products during storage: Assessment and quantification by NMR.
Safe utilization of fish by-products is an important task due to increasing fish consumption. It can provide new valuable food/feed and will increase the economical profit and sustainability of the fishery industry. NMR spectroscopy is a reliable tool able to monitor qualitative and quantitative changes in by-products. In this work the trichloroacetic acid extracts of salmon backbones, heads and viscera stored at industrially relevant temperatures (4 and 10°C) were studied using NMR. Twenty-five metabolites were detected and the possibility of salmon by-products utilization as a source of anserine, phosphocreatine and taurine was discussed. Statistical data elaboration allowed determining the main processes occurring during by-products storage: formation of trimethylamine and biogenic amines, proteolysis and different types of fermentations. By-products freshness was evaluated using a multi-parameter approach: the trimethylamine and biogenic amines concentration changes were compared with Ki and H-values and safe temperatures and times for storage of salmon by-products were proposed.
Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Norway.
Elena
E
Shumilina
SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture, Norway.
Rasa
R
Slizyte
SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture, Norway.
Revilija
R
Mozuraityte
Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Norway.
Anastasiya
A
Dykyy
Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Norway.
Timo A
TA
Stein
Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Norway. Electronic address: alex.dikiy@ntnu.no.
Alexander
A
Dikiy
D000818:Animals; D001679:Biogenic Amines / Q000032:analysis; D005396:Fish Products / Q000592:standards*; D061353:Food Storage; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008744:Methylamines / Q000032:analysis; D012474:Salmon / Q000378:metabolism*; D013696:Temperature
D001679:Biogenic Amines; D008744:Methylamines; C023336:trimethylamine
Anserine (PubChem CID: 112072); Cadaverine (PubChem CID: 273); Creatine (PubChem CID: 586); Fish metabolites; Histamine (PubChem CID: 774); NMR of fish by-products; Phosphocreatine (PubChem CID: 9548602); Putrescine (PubChem CID: 1045); Salmon by-products; Taurine (PubChem CID: 1123); Trimethylamine (PubChem CID: 1146); Trimethylamine N-oxide (PubChem CID: 1145); Tyramine (PubChem CID: 5610)