Detecting feigned postconcussional and posttraumatic stress symptoms with the structured inventory of malingered symptomatology (SIMS).
The Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS) is a standalone symptom validity test (SVT) designed as a screening measure to detect a variety of exaggerated psychological symptoms. A number of studies have explored the accuracy of the SIMS in litigious and clinical populations, yet few have examined the validity of the SIMS in detecting feigned symptoms of postconcussional disorder (PCD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The present study examined the sensitivity of the SIMS in detecting undergraduate simulators (N = 78) feigning symptoms of PCD, PTSD, and the comorbid presentation of both PCD and PTSD symptomatologies. Overall, the SIMS Total score produced the highest sensitivities for the PCD symptoms and PCD+PTSD symptoms groups (.89 and .85, respectively), and to a lesser extent, the PTSD symptoms group (.69). The Affective Disorders (AF) subscale was most sensitive to the PTSD symptoms group compared to the PCD and PCD+PTSD symptoms groups. Additional sensitivity values are presented and examined at multiple scale cutoff scores. These findings support the use of the SIMS as a SVT screening measure for PCD and PTSD symptom exaggeration in neuropsychological assessment.
a Department of Psychiatry and Psychology , Mayo Clinic Florida , Jacksonville , Florida , USA.
Adam C
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7159-688X
AC
Parks
b Department of Psychology , Saint Louis University , Saint Louis , Missouri , USA.
Jeffrey
J
Gfeller
b Department of Psychology , Saint Louis University , Saint Louis , Missouri , USA.
Natalie
N
Emmert
c Department of Psychology , University of Minnesota Duluth , Duluth , Minnesota , USA.
Hannah
H
Lammert
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008306:Malingering / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000592:standards*; D038223:Post-Concussion Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D055815:Young Adult
Assessment/diagnosis; measurement/statistics; symptom validity testing