Active bio-based food-packaging: Diffusion and release of active substances through and from cellulose nanofiber coating toward food-packaging design.
Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) were recently investigated for the elaboration of new functional food-packaging materials. Their nanoporous network was especially of interest for controlling the release of active species. Qualitative release studies were conducted, but quantification of the diffusion phenomenon observed when the active species are released from and through CNF coating has not yet been studied. Therefore, this work aims to model CNF-coated paper substrates as controlled release system for food-packaging using release data obtained for two model molecules, namely caffeine and chlorhexidine digluconate. The applied mathematical model - derived from Fickian diffusion - was validated for caffeine only. When the active species chemically interacts with the release device, another model is required as a non-predominantly diffusion-controlled release was observed. From caffeine modeling data, a theoretical active food-packaging material was designed. The use of CNFs as barrier coating was proved to be the ideal material configuration that best meets specifications.
Université Grenoble Alpes, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France. Electronic address: nathalie.lavoine@grenoble-inp.org.
Nathalie
N
Lavoine
UMR IATE, Université Montpellier II, CC023, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex, France. Electronic address: guillard@univ-montp2.fr.
Valérie
V
Guillard
Université Grenoble Alpes, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France. Electronic address: isabelle.desloges@pagora.grenoble-inp.fr.
Isabelle
I
Desloges
UMR IATE, Université Montpellier II, CC023, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex, France. Electronic address: nathalie.gontard@univ-montp2.fr.
Nathalie
N
Gontard
Université Grenoble Alpes, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France; CNRS, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France. Electronic address: Julien.bras@grenoble-inp.fr.
Julien
J
Bras
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002110:Caffeine / Q000737:chemistry; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004058:Diffusion; D065546:Drug Liberation; D018857:Food Packaging / Q000379:methods*; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014867:Water; D002110:Caffeine; D002482:Cellulose
Antibacterial paper-based packaging; CNF; Cellulose nanofibers; Controlled release; Fickian diffusion; Food-packaging design