Safety and Feasibility of Quantitative Multiplexed Cytokine Analysis From Office-Based Vitreous Aspiration.
The goals of this study were to evaluate the safety of office-based vitreous sampling, and determine the utility of these samples with multiplex cytokine analysis.



Vitreous samples were collected from office-based needle aspiration and the rate of adverse events during follow-up was reviewed. The vitreous cytokine concentrations in a subset of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) were analyzed using a 42 plex-cytokine bead array. These results were compared with vitreous cytokine concentrations in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and controls (macular hole, epiretinal membrane, symptomatic vitreous floaters) from pars plana vitrectomy.



An adequate volume of vitreous fluid (100-200 μL) was obtained in 52 (88%) of 59 office-based sampling attempts. The average length of follow-up was 300 days (range, 42-926 days). There were no complications, including cataract, retinal tear or detachment, and endophthalmitis. Two patients (3%) had posterior vitreous detachments within 3 months. Vitreous cytokine concentrations were measured in 44 patients: 14 controls, 13 with DME, and 17 with PDR. The concentration of ADAM11, CXCL-10, IL-8, and PDGF-A were higher in PDR compared with controls and DME. The concentration of IL-6 was higher in PDR compared with controls, but not compared with DME.



Office-based vitreous aspiration is safe and yields high-quality samples for multiplex vitreous cytokine analysis. Significant elevations of vitreous cytokines were found in PDR compared with DME and controls, including the novel finding of elevated ADAM11. As such, office-based aspiration is a safe and effective means to identify vitreous factors associated with vitreoretinal disease.
Kellogg Eye Center University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.
Devon H
DH
Ghodasra
Kellogg Eye Center University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.
Ryan
R
Fante
Kellogg Eye Center University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.
Thomas W
TW
Gardner
Penn State Hershey Eye Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States.
Michael
M
Langue
Kellogg Eye Center University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.
Leslie M
LM
Niziol
Kellogg Eye Center University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.
Cagri
C
Besirli
Kellogg Eye Center University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.
Steven R
SR
Cohen
Kellogg Eye Center University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.
Vaidehi S
VS
Dedania
Kellogg Eye Center University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.
Hakan
H
Demirci
Kellogg Eye Center University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.
Nieraj
N
Jain
Kellogg Eye Center University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.
K Thiran
KT
Jayasundera
Kellogg Eye Center University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.
Mark W
MW
Johnson
Kellogg Eye Center University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.
Partho S
PS
Kalyani
Kellogg Eye Center University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.
Rajesh C
RC
Rao
Kellogg Eye Center University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.
David N
DN
Zacks
Penn State Hershey Eye Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States.
Jeffrey M
JM
Sundstrom
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012449:Safety; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult
D016207:Cytokines