Greater efficacy of the ECMS-oil adjuvant over other formulations on immune responses against Bordetella bronchiseptica in rabbits and the underlying mechanism.
In this study, the adjuvant effects of the extract of Cochinchina momordica seed ECMS+oil, oil alone, ECMS alone, conventional alum adjuvant on inactivated Bordetella bronchiseptica (Bb) vaccine or control using antigen alone without adjuvant were evaluated along with the underlying mechanism. The results in experiment A demonstrated that antibody levels in Bb whole cell protein in the ECMS800μg+oil group were significantly higher than in the other adjuvant groups (p<0.05) on day 21. The agglutination antibody titer was also higher than the other groups (p<0.05) on day 37. The ECMS800μg+oil group improved cellular immune responses compared to other adjuvant groups, including control using antigen alone without adjuvant and the PBS group (p<0.05). After Bb challenge, the ECMS800μg+oil group showed the highest protection rate, which was significantly higher than ECMS alone or control using antigen alone without adjuvant and the PBS group (p<0.05 and p<0.01). IgA cells in the ECMS800μg+oil group differed significantly from the IgA cells of other groups in the lungs (p<0.01). The results of cell recruitment showed that the number of lymphocytes in the ECMS400μg+oil were higher than the number of cells for other groups except the ECMS(100μg/800μg)+oil groups (p<0.05). Intermediate cells in the ECMS(100μg/400μg)+oil groups were higher than the number of cells for other groups, including the control using antigen alone group (p<0.05). Neutrophils in the ECMS(100μg/400μg/800μg)+oil groups were significantly higher than the ECMS 800μg and control using antigen alone groups (p<0.05). White blood cells in the ECMS100μg+oil group were significantly higher than the oil, ECMS800μg and control using antigen alone groups (p<0.05). IL-2 expression in the ECMS800μg+oil group was significantly higher than other groups, except for the ECMS400μg+oil group (p<0.05). IL-4 expression in the ECMS800μg+oil group was significantly higher than other groups (p<0.05). GATA3 in the ECMS800μg+oil groups was significantly higher than the oil, ECMS800μg and control using antigen alone group (p<0.05). ECMS-oil adjuvant mixture could most effectively protect B. bronchiseptica immunized rabbits and, therefore, could be an alternative way of improving B. bronchiseptica vaccination in rabbits.
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, PR China.
Chenwen
C
Xiao
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, PR China. Electronic address: 670017059@qq.com.
Guolian
G
Bao
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, PR China.
Yan
Y
Liu
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, PR China.
Qiang
Q
Wei
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, PR China.
Quanan
Q
Ji
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, PR China.
Yaping
Y
Liu
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, PR China.
Lijun
L
Pan
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D001885:Bordetella Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016950:Bordetella bronchiseptica / Q000276:immunology*; D019662:Cucurbitaceae / Q000276:immunology*; D050990:GATA3 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000378:metabolism; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011817:Rabbits; D012639:Seeds
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D050990:GATA3 Transcription Factor; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007376:Interleukin-2; D010938:Plant Oils; D015847:Interleukin-4
Bordetella bronchiseptica; ECMS; Immune response; Mechanism; Oils