Complement 3 Receptor Expression in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes.
BACKGROUND
According to the World Health Organization, as of 2014 9% of the world's adult population is affected by diabetes. Uncontrolled diabetes is a pro-inflammatory process that increases generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).


METHODS
The production of ROS leads to a chronic increase in oxidative stress which results in an increased susceptibility to infections. Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are highly susceptible to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) infection. Previous research has demonstrated that glutathione (GSH) plays an important role in the control of M. tb infection. Recent studies have demonstrated that phagocytosis of M.tb is diminished in patients with T2DM. Phagocytosis in macrophages is thought to be mediated in part by complement protein 3b (C3b)-complement protein receptor 3b (C3R) interactions. Since C3b production is not diminished in patients with T2DM we propose that C3R production is reduced and is the cause for impaired macrophage phagocytosis as well as IL-12 and IFN-γ signaling.


CONCLUSIONS
This study utilizes a quantitative PCR (qPCR), demonstrating decreased transcription of C3R mRNA in patients with T2DM as compared to non-diabetics.
Judy
J
Ly
Devin
D
Morris
Minette
M
Lagman
Christopher
C
Ng
Shelby
S
Anderson
John
J
Daliva
Naji
N
Muwanas
Igal
I
Tarash
Cesar
C
Ochoa
Airani
A
Sathananthan
Microbiology/Immunology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E Second Street, Pomona, CA 91766-1854. United States.
Vishwanath
V
Venketaraman
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen; D012333:RNA, Messenger
Diabetes; complement receptors; glutathione; immune responses; tuberculosis