Clozapine and olanzapine are better antioxidants than haloperidol, quetiapine, risperidone and ziprasidone in in vitro models.
Although the etiopathogenic mechanisms of schizophrenia (SCZ) are unknown, evidences suggest that excessive free radical production or oxidative stress may be involved in the pathophysiology of SCZ. Antipsychotics are the drugs used in the treatment of SCZ but it remains controversial the impact that typical vs. atypical antipsychotics has on the oxidative stress status in SCZ patients. In vitro, the antioxidant capacity of six antipsychotics was assessed by their ability to: decrease or scavenge reactive oxygen species in the neutrophil respiratory burst; donate hydrogen and stabilize the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH); and scavenge 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS(+)). This study demonstrated that both clozapine and olanzapine have antioxidant effects, in vitro, by scavenging superoxide anion on the respiratory burst, donating electron in the ABTS(+) assay and stabilizing the radical DPPH. Ziprasidone significantly scavenged ABTS(+) and stabilized the radical DPPH whereas risperidone significantly reduced the respiratory burst. Haloperidol and quetiapine lacked antioxidant effects. The chemical structure-related antioxidant capacity suggests a possible neuroprotective mechanism of these drugs on the top of their antipsychotic mechanism of action.
Graduation Program in Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
Francis Fregonesi
FF
Brinholi
Graduation Program in Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
Carine Coneglian de
CC
Farias
Graduation Program in Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
Kamila Landucci
KL
Bonifácio
Graduation Program in Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
Luciana
L
Higachi
Graduation Program in Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
Rúbia
R
Casagrande
Graduation Program in Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
Estefânia Gastaldello
EG
Moreira
Graduation Program in Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, State University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address: sabatini@uel.br.
Décio Sabbatini
DS
Barbosa
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D003024:Clozapine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D018375:Neutrophil Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000077152:Olanzapine; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000069348:Quetiapine Fumarate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D018967:Risperidone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000975:Antioxidants; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010851:Picrates; D010879:Piperazines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013844:Thiazoles; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000069348:Quetiapine Fumarate; C092292:ziprasidone; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D003024:Clozapine; D006220:Haloperidol; D018967:Risperidone; D000077152:Olanzapine; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
Antioxidants; Antipsychotic; Oxidative stress; Schizophrenia