Characterisation of Phosphate Accumulating Organisms and Techniques for Polyphosphate Detection: A Review.
Phosphate minerals have long been used for the production of phosphorus-based chemicals used in many economic sectors. However, these resources are not renewable and the natural phosphate stocks are decreasing. In this context, the research of new phosphate sources has become necessary. Many types of wastes contain non-negligible phosphate concentrations, such as wastewater. In wastewater treatment plants, phosphorus is eliminated by physicochemical and/or biological techniques. In this latter case, a specific microbiota, phosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs), accumulates phosphate as polyphosphate. This molecule can be considered as an alternative phosphate source, and is directly extracted from wastewater generated by human activities. This review focuses on the techniques which can be applied to enrich and try to isolate these PAOs, and to detect the presence of polyphosphate in microbial cells.
Microbial Processes and Interactions, B&#226;t. G1 Bio-Industries, Passage des D&#233;port&#233;s 2, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Li&#232;ge, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium. cedric.tarayre@ulg.ac.be.
Cédric
C
Tarayre
Natural Products and Industrial Biochemistry Research Group (NPIB), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, 19 Nguyen Huu Tho, Tan Phong Ward, District 7, 700000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. nguyenhuuthanh@tdt.edu.vn.|Microbial Processes and Interactions, B&#226;t. G1 Bio-Industries, Passage des D&#233;port&#233;s 2, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Li&#232;ge, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium. nguyenhuuthanh@tdt.edu.vn.
Huu-Thanh
HT
Nguyen
Microbial Processes and Interactions, B&#226;t. G1 Bio-Industries, Passage des D&#233;port&#233;s 2, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Li&#232;ge, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium. alison.brognaux@ulg.ac.be.
Alison
A
Brognaux
Microbial Processes and Interactions, B&#226;t. G1 Bio-Industries, Passage des D&#233;port&#233;s 2, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Li&#232;ge, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium. anissa.delepierre@ulg.ac.be.
Anissa
A
Delepierre
Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. liesdeclercq@hotmail.com.
Lies
L
De Clercq
Microbial Processes and Interactions, B&#226;t. G1 Bio-Industries, Passage des D&#233;port&#233;s 2, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Li&#232;ge, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium. raphaelle@charlier.net.
Raphaëlle
R
Charlier
Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. Evi.Michels@UGent.be.
Evi
E
Michels
Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. Erik.Meers@UGent.be.
Erik
E
Meers
Natural Products and Industrial Biochemistry Research Group (NPIB), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, 19 Nguyen Huu Tho, Tan Phong Ward, District 7, 700000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. F.Delvigne@ulg.ac.be.|Microbial Processes and Interactions, B&#226;t. G1 Bio-Industries, Passage des D&#233;port&#233;s 2, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Li&#232;ge, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium. F.Delvigne@ulg.ac.be.
Frank
F
Delvigne
PAO; detection; polyphosphate; single cell technologies