Role of oral propranolol in the treatment of infantile subglottic hemangioma.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the efficacy of oral propranolol for the treatment of infantile subglottic hemangioma.


METHODS
17 children (13 females and 4 males) with a median age at onset of treatment of 5 months were included in this study. Propranolol was administered after the presence of subglottic hemangioma was confirmed by laryngoscopy and a CT scan of the trachea with contrast. Propranolol was started at 1 mg/kg per day divided into 3 doses. Heart rate and blood pressure were monitored during treatment. If no side effects were observed, then the dose was increased to 1.5 mg/kg per day on the second day.


RESULTS
14 patients (82%) showed clinical improvement within 1 week of treatment initiation. In each of these patients, the diameter of the subglottic stenosis caused by the hemangioma decreased, and the hemangioma became lighter in color. Two children with cutaneous hemangiomata also exhibited significant improvements in their cutaneous lesions after treatment. One patient's treatment was stopped after 2 weeks for personal reasons (family issue). After treatment cessation, this patient's respiratory symptoms recurred and increased in severity over the next 2 weeks. The patient was restarted on propranolol, and the symptoms disappeared. One patient only partially responded to propranolol. One patient continued with a tracheostomy for 15 months due to the diffuse nature of the lesion and was just recently decannulated. One patient initially did not respond to propranolol and developed residual disease after open resection; this patient finally responded to propranolol after 6 months of therapy and was recently weaned off the drug.


CONCLUSIONS
Oral propranolol is a safe and effective treatment for infantile subglottic hemangiomata and may be used as a first-line therapeutic modality.
Xiao-Yan
XY
Li
Ying
Y
Wang
Lei
L
Jin
Jia-Rui
JR
Chen
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005931:Glottis; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D007828:Laryngoscopy; D008297:Male; D011433:Propranolol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D011433:Propranolol