Swallowing disorders in Parkinson's disease.
BACKGROUND
Parkinson's disease is a type of chronic neurodegenerative pathology with a typical movement pattern, as well as different, less studied symptoms such as dysphagia. Disease-related disorders in efficacy or safety in the process of swallowing usually lead to malnutrition, dehydration or pneumonias. The aim of this study was identifying and analyzing swallowing disorders in Parkinson's disease.


METHODS
The initial sample consisted of 52 subjects with Parkinson's disease to whom the specific test for dysphagia SDQ was applied. Nineteen participants (36.5%) with some degree of dysphagia in the SDQ test were selected to be evaluated by volume-viscosity clinical exploration method and fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing.


RESULTS
Disorders in swallowing efficiency and safety were detected in 94.7% of the selected sample. With regards to efficiency, disorders were found in food transport (89.5%), insufficient labial closing (68.4%) and oral residues (47.4%), relating to duration of ingestion. Alterations in security were also observed: pharynx residues (52.7%), coughing (47.4%), penetration (31.64%), aspiration and decrease of SaO2(5.3%), relating to the diagnosis of respiratory pathology in the previous year.


CONCLUSIONS
The SDQ test detected swallowing disorders in 36.5% of the subjects with Parkinson's disease. Disorders in swallowing efficiency and safety were demonstrated in 94.7% of this subset. Disorders of efficiency were more frequent than those of safety, establishing a relationship with greater time in ingestion and the appearance of respiratory pathology and pneumonias.
Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, España.
Sandra
S
Mamolar Andrés
Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, España; Unidad de Disfagia, Servicio de Rehabilitación, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Asturias, España; Unidad de Foniatría y Logopedia, Servicio de Rehabilitación, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Asturias, España.
María Liliana
ML
Santamarina Rabanal
Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, España.
Carla María
CM
Granda Membiela
Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, España; Unidad de Foniatría y Logopedia, Servicio de Rehabilitación, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Asturias, España.
María José
MJ
Fernández Gutiérrez
Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, España; Unidad de Foniatría y Logopedia, Servicio de Rehabilitación, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Asturias, España.
Paloma
P
Sirgo Rodríguez
Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, España; Unidad de Disfagia, Servicio de Rehabilitación, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Asturias, España; Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA) , Oviedo, Asturias, España. Electronic address: alvarezmarcos@telefonica.net.
César
C
Álvarez Marcos
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003371:Cough / Q000209:etiology; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D059026:Diagnostic Self Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011015:Pneumonia, Aspiration / Q000209:etiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014783:Viscosity
Disfagia; Dysphagia; Enfermedad de Parkinson; Fiberoptic endoscopic swallowing; Método volumen-viscosidad; Neumonía aspirativa; Parkinson's disease; Pneumonia aspiration; Videoendoscopia deglución; Volume-viscosity examination