Pitcher's elbow: medial elbow pain in the overhead-throwing athlete.
Overhead athletes subject their elbows to significant valgus stresses throughout the throwing cycle. A steady rise in the number of medial-sided elbow injuries over the years has lead to increased awareness regarding the pathophysiology of the "pitcher's elbow." As our understanding of the functional anatomy and throwing biomechanics has become more sophisticated, we have seen a concurrent improvement in the outcomes associated with managing these injuries. Despite this improvement, continued anatomical and biomechanical research is still needed to further optimize outcomes and return to sport.
Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 175 Cambridge St., Boston, 02114, USA.
William H
WH
Rossy
Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 175 Cambridge St., Boston, 02114, USA. loh@mgh.harvard.edu.
Luke S
LS
Oh
Medial elbow pain; Pitcher’s elbow; Posteromedial impingement; Ulnar collateral ligament; Valgus extension overload syndrome; Valgus instability