Laminin Receptor in Shrimp Is a Cellular Attachment Receptor for White Spot Syndrome Virus.
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV, genus Whispovirus, family Nimaviridae) is causing huge economic losses in global shrimp farming, but there is no effective control. Shrimp cell laminin receptor (Lamr) may have a role in WSSV infection. The objective was to characterize interactions between Penaeus monodon Lamr (PmLamr) and WSSV structural proteins. In this study, PmLamr interacted with nine WSSV structural proteins (based on yeast two-hybrid screening), of which one (VP31) was characterized. Protein pull-down assay confirmed the interaction between PmLamr and VP31; the latter was an envelope protein exposed outside the WSSV virion (based on membrane topology assays). Furthermore, similar to mammalian Lamr, there were two major protein bands in shrimp cells. Cellular localization assay demonstrated VP31 co-localized with PmLamr on transfected cells. Enzyme-link immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and competitive ELISA demonstrated binding of VP31 on PmLamr was dose-dependent; however, addition of WSSV virion competed for binding affinity. Furthermore, based on an in vivo neutralization assay, both VP31 and PmLamr delayed mortality in shrimp challenged with WSSV. We concluded Lamr was an important receptor for WSSV infection and the viral envelope protein VP31 may have a role in host cell recognition and binding. These data contributed to elucidating pathogenesis of WSSV infection and may help in controlling this disease.
Department of Earth and Life Science, College of Science, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.
Wang-Jing
WJ
Liu
Department of Earth and Life Science, College of Science, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.
Yi-Chieh
YC
Li
Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Guang-Hsiung
GH
Kou
Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Chu-Fang
CF
Lo
D000818:Animals; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D011485:Protein Binding; D017474:Receptors, Laminin / Q000378:metabolism*; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D046848:White spot syndrome virus 1 / Q000472:pathogenicity*
D017474:Receptors, Laminin; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins