Palmitoylation in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Posttranslational modifications of proteins are important regulatory processes endowing the proteins functional complexity. Over the last decade, numerous studies have shed light on the roles of palmitoylation, one of the most common lipid modifications, in various aspects of neuronal functions. Major players regulating palmitoylation are the enzymes that mediate palmitoylation and depalmitoylation which are palmitoyl acyltransferases (PATs) and protein thioesterases, respectively. In this review, we will provide and discuss current understandings on palmitoyation/depalmitoylation control mediated by PATs and/or protein thioesterases for neuronal functions in general and also for Alzheimer's disease in particular, and other neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's disease, schizophrenia and intellectual disability.
Center for Functional Connectomics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea; Department of Neuroscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, South Korea.
Eunsil
E
Cho
Center for Functional Connectomics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea; Department of Neuroscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, South Korea. Electronic address: mikyoungpark7@gmail.com.
Mikyoung
M
Park
D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006816:Huntington Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D054878:Lipoylation; D009410:Nerve Degeneration; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D013869:Thiolester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism
D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000217:Acyltransferases; D013869:Thiolester Hydrolases
Alzheimer’s disease; neurodegenerative diseases; palmitoyl acyltransferases; palmitoylation; posttranslational modifications; protein thioesterases