Cytochrome P450 genes in coronary artery diseases: Codon usage analysis reveals genomic GC adaptation.
Establishing codon usage biases are imperative for understanding the etiology of coronary artery diseases (CAD) as well as the genetic factors associated with these diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of 18 responsible cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes for the risk of CAD. Effective number of codon (Nc) showed a negative correlation with both GC3 and synonymous codon usage order (SCUO) suggesting an antagonistic relationship between codon usage and Nc of genes. The dinucleotide analysis revealed that CG and TA dinucleotides have the lowest odds ratio in these genes. Principal component analysis showed that GC composition has a profound effect in separating the genes along the first major axis. Our findings revealed that mutational pressure and natural selection could possibly be the major factors responsible for codon bias in these genes. The study not only offers an insight into the mechanisms of genomic GC adaptation, but also illustrates the complexity of CYP genes in CAD.
Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India.
Arup Kumar
AK
Malakar
Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India.
Binata
B
Halder
Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India.
Prosenjit
P
Paul
Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India. Electronic address: supriyoch2008@gmail.com.
Supriyo
S
Chakraborty
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics*; D001482:Base Composition; D003062:Codon; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012641:Selection, Genetic
D003062:Codon; D007527:Isoenzymes; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
Codon usage bias; Coronary artery disease; Cytochrome P450