Cardioprotective and Antioxidant Influence of Aqueous Extracts from Sesamum indicum Seeds on Oxidative Stress Induced by Cadmium in Wistar Rats.
BACKGROUND
Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several acute and chronic diseases of the heart as a result of indiscriminate exposure to cardiotoxic heavy metals. The study reported here was designed to evaluate the possible ameliorative effect of aqueous extracts from Sesamum indicum (SI) seeds on oxidative stress induced by cadmium (Cd) in Wistar rats.


METHODS
Daily administration of Cd (200 mg/L Cd as CdCl2) in the animals' main drinking water for 21 days led to oxidative stress. Thereafter, the ameliorative effects were assessed by measuring biochemical parameters such as extent of lipid peroxidation (LPO), lipid profile, and enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants, as well as serum aminotransferase activities.


RESULTS
Treatment with SI extract elicited notable reduction in serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels as well as concomitant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. SI extract also reversed the elevations witnessed in serum aminotransferase activities, LPO level, and ameliorated enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant status in the heart of Cd-exposed rats.


CONCLUSIONS
Thus, SI appears to be an attractive candidate with potential for the novel treatment of cardiotoxicity and management of oxidative stress arising from Cd exposure.


CONCLUSIONS
Cadmium (200 mg/L) exposure in drinking water caused pronounced oxidative stress and cardiac tissue damage in animal modelAqueous extract of Sesamum indicum (SI) seeds at a dose of 200 or 400 mg/kg body weight exhibited a significant reversal effect in all biochemical parameters measured such as extent of lipid peroxidation, lipid profile, and enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants, as well as serum aminotransferase activitiesAqueous extract of SI seeds possess antioxidant and cardioprotective potential in a dose-dependent manner, thus conferring protection against oxidative stress induced by cadmium. Abbreviation used: SI: Sesamum indicum, Cd: Cadmium, CdCl2: Cadmium chloride, LPO: Lipid peroxidation, TBA: Thiobarbituric acid, ALT: Alanine aminotransferase, AST: Aspartate aminotransferase, ALP: Alkaline phosphatise, TC: Total cholesterol, TG: Triglyceride, HDL-C: Highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, SD: Standard deviation, GSH: Glutathione, SOD: Superoxide dismutase, CAT: Catalase, GST: Glutathione-S-transferase, GPx: Glutathione peroxidise.
Biotechnology and Structural Biochemistry Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, Republic of South Africa; Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti 360001, Nigeria.
Babatunji Emmanuel
BE
Oyinloye
Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti 360001, Nigeria.
Basiru Olaitan
BO
Ajiboye
Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti 360001, Nigeria.
Oluwafemi Adeleke
OA
Ojo
Nutritional and Industrial Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200002, Nigeria.
Sarah Onyenibe
SO
Nwozo
Biotechnology and Structural Biochemistry Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, Republic of South Africa.
Abidemi Paul
AP
Kappo
Antioxidant; Sesamum indicum; cadmium; cardiotoxicity; oxidative stress