Bilateral adrenal neuroblastoma in the infant: Is it an image-defined risk factor?
The treatment of neuroblastoma is based on the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group stratification considering life-threatening symptoms, image-defined risk factors (IDRFs), presence and site of metastases, biology, and histopathology. The authors present an infant with bilateral nonmetastatic adrenal neuroblastoma with favorable biology. Both tumors were resectable and without IDRFs, but bilateral resection was considered mutilating, so it was decided to operate one side only. The authors suggest considering bilaterality among IDRFs.
a Unit of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology , Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Hospital Policlinico, University of Catania , Catania , Italy.
Silvia
S
Marino
a Unit of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology , Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Hospital Policlinico, University of Catania , Catania , Italy.
Milena
M
La Spina
b Unit of Pediatric Surgery , Department GF Ingrassia , Hospital Policlinico, University of Catania , Catania , Italy.
Maria Grazia
MG
Scuderi
b Unit of Pediatric Surgery , Department GF Ingrassia , Hospital Policlinico, University of Catania , Catania , Italy.
Vincenzo
V
Di Benedetto
c Unit of Anatomic Pathology , Department GF Ingrassia , Hospital Policlinico, University of Catania , Catania , Italy.
Gaetano
G
Magro
d Unit of Radiology , Department GF Ingrassia , Hospital Policlinico, University of Catania , Catania , Italy.
Giuseppe
G
Belfiore
d Unit of Radiology , Department GF Ingrassia , Hospital Policlinico, University of Catania , Catania , Italy.
Maria
M
Coronella
a Unit of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology , Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Hospital Policlinico, University of Catania , Catania , Italy.
Salvatore
S
D'Amico
a Unit of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology , Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Hospital Policlinico, University of Catania , Catania , Italy.
Luca
L
Lo Nigro
a Unit of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology , Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Hospital Policlinico, University of Catania , Catania , Italy.
Giovanna
G
Russo
a Unit of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology , Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Hospital Policlinico, University of Catania , Catania , Italy.
Andrea
A
Di Cataldo
D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Bilateral; IDRF; INRG; infant; neuroblastoma