High fat diet enriched with saturated, but not monounsaturated fatty acids adversely affects femur, and both diets increase calcium absorption in older female mice.
Diet induced obesity has been shown to reduce bone mineral density (BMD) and Ca absorption. However, previous experiments have not examined the effect of high fat diet (HFD) in the absence of obesity or addressed the type of dietary fatty acids. The primary objective of this study was to determine the effects of different types of high fat feeding, without obesity, on fractional calcium absorption (FCA) and bone health. It was hypothesized that dietary fat would increase FCA and reduce BMD. Mature 8-month-old female C57BL/6J mice were fed one of three diets: a HFD (45% fat) enriched either with monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) or with saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and a normal fat diet (NFD; 10% fat). Food consumption was controlled to achieve a similar body weight gain in all groups. After 8wk, total body bone mineral content and BMD as well as femur total and cortical volumetric BMD were lower in SFA compared with NFD groups (P<.05). In contrast, femoral trabecular bone was not affected by the SFAs, whereas MUFAs increased trabecular volume fraction and thickness. The rise over time in FCA was greater in mice fed HFD than NFD and final FCA was higher with HFD (P<.05). Intestinal calbindin-D9k gene and hepatic cytochrome P450 2r1 protein levels were higher with the MUFA than the NFD diet (P<.05). In conclusion, HFDs elevated FCA overtime; however, an adverse effect of HFD on bone was only observed in the SFA group, while MUFAs show neutral or beneficial effects.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Yang
Y
Wang
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Peter
P
Dellatore
Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA.
Veronique
V
Douard
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Ling
L
Qin
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Malcolm
M
Watford
Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, USA.
Ronaldo P
RP
Ferraris
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No,58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China.
Tiao
T
Lin
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. Electronic address: shapses@aesop.rutgers.edu.
Sue A
SA
Shapses
D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D053493:Cholestanetriol 26-Monooxygenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009929:Organ Size; D015430:Weight Gain
D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D004958:Estradiol; C569548:Cyp2r1 protein, mouse; D053493:Cholestanetriol 26-Monooxygenase; D002118:Calcium
Bone; Calcium absorption; Fatty acids; High-fat diet; Mice