Detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis in patients with paranasal chronic sinusitis by polymerase chain reaction method.
BACKGROUND
Sinusitis is a complex involvement of the upper respiratory system by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other allergens. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are the dominant bacterial microorganisms involved in acute sinusitis, whereas in chronic sinusitis, Staphylococcus aureus and some anaerobic bacteria are the prevailing pathogens. Appropriate antibiotic treatment requires sinusitis bacteriology assessment. The aim of this study was to isolate bacteria in clinical samples from patients with chronic sinusitis.


METHODS
A total of 55 samples were collected from patients with chronic sinusitis undergoing surgery at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran. Samples were cultured in conventional medium, and for each culture, Gram staining, catalase, coagulase, oxidase, and DNAse tests were performed and isolates were stored for polymerase chain reaction analysis.


RESULTS
Twenty-three isolates were obtained from five patients, including S. aureus (23.6%), Rhizomucor (1.8%), and Escherichia (1.8%) by the culture method and M. catarrhalis (3.6%) and S. Pneumoniae (7.2%) by the polymerase chain reaction method. Compared with acute sinusitis, the microbiology of chronic sinusitis remains controversial. Results are affected by many factors, including diversity of molecular and culture methods, sterilization of sampling area, sample transfer to laboratory, use of antibiotics prior to surgery, and nasal polyps.


CONCLUSIONS
In Iran, the causative agents of chronic sinusitis are similar to those in other countries. Compared with other bacteria, S. aureus was observed more often in asthmatic patients with sinusitis.
Health Research Institute, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Ahmad
A
Farajzadeh Sheikh
Department of Microbiology, Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Electronic address: kh.ahmadi53@gmail.com.
Khadijeh
K
Ahmadi
Head and Neck Surgery, Hearing and Speech Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Soheila
S
Nikakhlagh
D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001936:Moraxella catarrhalis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000382:microbiology*; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000302:isolation & purification*
Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis; Streptococcus pneumonia; polymerase chain reaction; sinusitis