Comparative ecotoxicology study of two neoteric solvents: Imidazolium ionic liquid vs. glycerol derivative.
In this study we have compared the acute ecotoxicity of two solvents, with very different structure and origin, but sharing many physical-chemical properties, so they can be used for similar purposes; a well-known ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM][PF6]) and a solvent partially derived from biomass, 3-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)propan-2-ol (BTFIP). We have used three biomodels (Vibrio fischeri, Daphnia magna and Danio rerio) and performed the comparison applying the Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) hazard assessment. According to the results, ecotoxicity of [BMIM][PF6] and BTFIP is quite similar in the simplest model Vibrio fischeri, while in Daphnia magna [BMIM][PF6] is clearly more toxic. However, in Danio rerio, toxicity of these chemicals is again quite similar and both can be classified as "nontoxic". The higher index value of [BMIM][PF6] in water mediate effect in the EHS assessment indicates that this ionic liquid is more dangerous than BTFIP, although accumulation and degradation properties have not been taken into account. Further studies will be necessary to ascertain these conclusions.
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain.
Eduardo
E
Perales
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain.
Cristina Belén
CB
García
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain.
Laura
L
Lomba
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain.
Luis
L
Aldea
Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Calle Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
José Ignacio
JI
García
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: bginer@usj.es.
Beatriz
B
Giner
D048908:Aliivibrio fischeri / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000633:toxicity; D007477:Ions / Q000378:metabolism; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D015027:Zebrafish
C412621:1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate; D007093:Imidazoles; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D007477:Ions; D012997:Solvents; D005990:Glycerol
Ecotoxicology; Glycerol-derivative; Ionic liquid; Solvents