Identifying key parent-reported symptoms for detecting depression in high risk adolescents.
Adolescent offspring of depressed parents are at particularly heightened risk of developing early onset Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) yet are unlikely to access services. We therefore aimed to identify a parsimonious combination of parent-reported symptoms that accurately detected offspring MDD. We used a multi-sample study comprising a development sample of 335 offspring of adults with recurrent MDD assessed on three occasions (mean age 12.4-14.8 years) and an independent validation sub-sample of 807 adolescents from a general population cohort (mean age 13.1 years). Parent ratings of psychiatric symptoms in adolescent offspring were assessed using established questionnaires. The best performing four-item combination of symptoms was identified. Accuracy in detecting concurrent DSM-IV MDD diagnosis, assessed by direct adolescent and parent interviews, was compared to the well-established 13-item short Moods and Feelings Questionnaire (sMFQ) using ROC curve analysis. The combination identified (concentration problems, anhedonia, worrying excessively and feeling unloved) performed equivalently to the sMFQ both in the development dataset and in the validation dataset. We concluded that a combination of four parent-reported mental health items performs equivalently to an established, longer depression questionnaire measure in detecting a diagnosis of adolescent major depressive disorder among offspring of parents with recurrent MDD and needs further evaluation.
Taff Riverside Practice, Wellington Street, Cardiff CF11 9SH, Wales, UK; Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HX, Wales, UK.
Ajay K
AK
Thapar
Cardiff Centre for Trials Research, Neuadd Merionnydd, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales, UK.
Kerenza
K
Hood
Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HX, Wales, UK.
Stephan
S
Collishaw
Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HX, Wales, UK.
Gemma
G
Hammerton
School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, Whatley Road, Bristol BS8 2PS, England, UK.
Becky
B
Mars
Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HX, Wales, UK.
Ruth
R
Sellers
Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Trehafod, Waunarlwydd Road, Swansea SA2 0GB, Wales, UK.
Robert
R
Potter
Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HX, Wales, UK.
Nick
N
Craddock
Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HX, Wales, UK.
Anita
A
Thapar
Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HX, Wales, UK; Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College, Bedford Way, London WC1H 0AP, England, UK.
Frances
F
Rice
D000293:Adolescent; D000339:Affect; D059445:Anhedonia; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D001288:Attention; D002648:Child; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents; D012372:ROC Curve; D012008:Recurrence; D012306:Risk; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
ALSPAC; Adolescence; Major Depressive Disorder; ROC analysis; Screening