Human Saliva Collection Devices for Proteomics: An Update.
There has been a rapid growth in the interest and adaptation of saliva as a diagnostic specimen over the last decade, and in the last few years in particular, there have been major developments involving the application of saliva as a clinically relevant specimen. Saliva provides a "window" into the oral and systemic health of an individual, and like other bodily fluids, saliva can be analyzed and studied to diagnose diseases. With the advent of new, more sensitive technologies to detect smaller concentrations of analytes in saliva relative to blood levels, there have been a number of critical developments in the field that we will describe. In particular, recent advances in standardized saliva collection devices that were not available three to four years ago, have made it easy for safe, simple, and non-invasive collection of samples to be carried out from patients. With the availability of these new technologies, we believe that in the next decade salivary proteomics will make it possible to predict and diagnose oral as well as systemic diseases, cancer, and infectious diseases, among others. The aim of this article is to review recent developments and advances in the area of saliva specimen collection devices and applications that will advance the field of proteomics.
College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia. drzohaibkhurshid@gmail.com.
Zohaib
Z
Khurshid
Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia. szohaib@kfu.edu.sa.
Sana
S
Zohaib
Restorative Dental Sciences, Al-Farabi Colleges, Riyadh 361724, Saudi Arabia. shariqnajeeb@gmail.com.
Shariq
S
Najeeb
Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Al Munawwarah 41311, Saudi Arabia. MZAFAR@taibahu.edu.sa.
Muhammad Sohail
MS
Zafar
Oasis Diagnostics<sup>&#174;</sup> Corporation, 15720 NE 31st Avenue, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA. pds@4saliva.com.
Paul D
PD
Slowey
Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Dammam, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia. Kalmas@uod.edu.sa.
Khalid
K
Almas
D015415:Biomarkers; D006801:Humans; D020543:Proteome; D040901:Proteomics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism*
D015415:Biomarkers; D020543:Proteome
omics; proteomics; saliva collection devices; salivaomics; salivary biomarkers