Protective effect of vitamin D against hyperoxia-induced lung injury in newborn rats.
Preterm infants have risks of developing vitamin D deficiency. Thus we aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin D on hyperoxia-induced lung injury in newborn rats.



Full term rat pups were included in the study 12-24 hr after delivery. The pups were randomly divided into eight groups as follows: normoxia control group (NC), normoxia plus vitamin D group (ND1, 1 ng/gr/day vitamin D), normoxia plus vitamin D group (ND2, 3 ng/gr/day vitamin D), normoxia plus vitamin D group (ND3, 5 ng/gr/day vitamin D), hyperoxia control group (HC), hyperoxia plus vitamin D group (HD1, 1 ng/gr/day vitamin D), hyperoxia plus Vitamin D group (HD2, 3 ng/gr/day vitamin D), hyperoxia plus vitamin D group (HD3, 5 ng/gr/day vitamin D). The histopathological effects of vitamin D were assessed by alveolar surface area (with mean linear intercept (MLI) method), apoptosis index and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) index.



MLI values were significantly lower among three groups (HD1: 83.93 ± 1.95 μm, HD2: 81.76 ± 1.68 μm, and HD3: 82.33 ± 1.87 μm) when compared with HC group (92.98 ± 2.09 μm) (P = 0.001, P = 0.0004, P = 0.002, respectively). Apoptotic cell index were significantly lower among three treatment groups (HD1: 1.455 ± 0.153, HD2: 0.575 ± 0.079, and HD3: 0.700 ± 0.105) when compared with HC group (2.500 ± 0.263) (P = 0.001, P = 0.001, P = 0.001, respectively). Although PCNA positive cell index did not change in HD1 group (0.132 ± 0.008) (P > 0.05), there were significant increases in HD2 (0.277  ± 0.026) and HD3 (0.266 ± 0.018) group when compared with HC group (0.142 ± 0.010) (HD2 P = 0.001, HD3 P = 0.001).



Vitamin D seems to protect hyperoxia-induced lung injury in newborn rats. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:69-76. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Division of Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
Mehmet
M
Kose
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.
Osman
O
Bastug
Department of Histology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
Mehmet Fatih
MF
Sonmez
Department of Biology, Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey.
Sedat
S
Per
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
Ahmet
A
Ozdemir
Department of Histology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
Emin
E
Kaymak
Department of Histology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
Hande
H
Yahşi
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
Mehmet Adnan
MA
Ozturk
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D018496:Hyperoxia / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D055370:Lung Injury / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D014807:Vitamin D
hyperoxia-induced lung injury; newborn rats; vitamin D