The APOBEC Protein Family: United by Structure, Divergent in Function.
The APOBEC (apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide-like) family of proteins have diverse and important functions in human health and disease. These proteins have an intrinsic ability to bind to both RNA and single-stranded (ss) DNA. Both function and tissue-specific expression varies widely for each APOBEC protein. We are beginning to understand that the activity of APOBEC proteins is regulated through genetic alterations, changes in their transcription and mRNA processing, and through their interactions with other macromolecules in the cell. Loss of cellular control of APOBEC activities leads to DNA hypermutation and promiscuous RNA editing associated with the development of cancer or viral drug resistance, underscoring the importance of understanding how APOBEC proteins are regulated.
OyaGen, Inc., 77 Ridgeland Road, Rochester, NY 14623, USA.
Jason D
JD
Salter
OyaGen, Inc., 77 Ridgeland Road, Rochester, NY 14623, USA.
Ryan P
RP
Bennett
OyaGen, Inc., 77 Ridgeland Road, Rochester, NY 14623, USA; University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. Electronic address: harold.smith@rochester.edu.
Harold C
HC
Smith
D000071478:APOBEC Deaminases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans
D000071478:APOBEC Deaminases
APOBEC; DNA mutation; RNA editing; cytidine deaminase; disease mechanisms; epigenetics