In vitro evaluation of antifungal susceptibility and keratinase, elastase, lipase and DNase activities of different dermatophyte species isolated from clinical specimens in Iran.
The aims of this study were to evaluate the enzymatic activity of various dermatophyte species and their antifungal susceptibility profiles. A total of 60 dermatophyte isolates, including Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, Microsporum canis and Microsporum gypseum, were examined. Fungal isolates were analysed for the production of keratinase, lipase, elastase and deoxyribonuclease (DNase). A broth microdilution method was performed on the basis of M38-A2 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. T. mentagrophytes, M. canis and M. gypseum isolates were capable of producing keratinase, lipase, elastase and DNase, while T. rubrum isolates were elastase negative. The highest mean diameter of the clear zone around the colonies (PZ) was associated with keratinase (PZ: 4.56 ± 1.29 mm), followed by lipase (PZ: 1.53 ± 0.90 mm), DNase (PZ: 0.65 ± 0.54 mm) and elastase (PZ: 0.22 ± 0.27 mm) (P < 0.05). The mean minimum inhibitory concentration 90 (MIC90) of all strains were as follows: itraconazole (MIC90: 0.28 ± 0.31 μg ml-1), ketoconazole (MIC90: 0.48 ± 0.51 μg ml-1), griseofulvin (MIC90: 0.86 ± 1.00 μg ml-1) and fluconazole (MIC90: 18.57 ± 20.10 μg ml-1). Dermatophyte isolates had higher keratinolytic activity than other enzymes. Itraconazole was the most effective antifungal drug and fluconazole had the poorest activity.
Mycology Research Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. asharifzadeh@ut.ac.ir.
Aghil
A
Sharifzadeh
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran.
Hojjatollah
H
Shokri
Mycology Research Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Ali Reza
AR
Khosravi
D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003883:Arthrodermataceae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003851:Deoxyribonucleases / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D003881:Dermatomycoses / Q000382:microbiology; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D007492:Iran; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D008049:Lipase / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008864:Microsporum / Q000187:drug effects; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D014249:Trichophyton / Q000187:drug effects
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D017964:Itraconazole; D015725:Fluconazole; D003851:Deoxyribonucleases; D008049:Lipase; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; C035855:keratinase; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase
Dermatophyte; antifungal susceptibility; enzymatic activity; itraconazole; keratinase