A biomimetic multilayer nanofiber fabric fabricated by electrospinning and textile technology from polylactic acid and Tussah silk fibroin as a scaffold for bone tissue engineering.
To engineer bone tissue, a scaffold with good biological properties should be provided to approximate the hierarchical structure of collagen fibrils in natural bone. In this study, we fabricated a novel scaffold consisting of multilayer nanofiber fabrics (MLNFFs) by weaving nanofiber yarns of polylactic acid (PLA) and Tussah silk fibroin (TSF). The yarns were fabricated by electrospinning, and we found that spinnability, as well as the mechanical properties of the resulting scaffold, was determined by the ratio between polylactic acid and Tussah silk fibroin. In particular, a 9:1 mixture can be spun continuously into nanofiber yarns with narrow diameter distribution and good mechanical properties. Accordingly, woven scaffolds based on this mixture had excellent mechanical properties, with Young's modulus 417.65MPa and tensile strength 180.36MPa. For nonwoven scaffolds fabricated from the same materials, the Young's modulus and tensile strength were 2- and 4-fold lower, respectively. Woven scaffolds also supported adhesion and proliferation of mouse mesenchymal stem cells, and promoted biomineralization via alkaline phosphatase and mineral deposition. Finally, the scaffolds significantly enhanced the formation of new bone in damaged femoral condyle in rabbits. Thus, the scaffolds are potentially suitable for bone tissue engineering because of biomimetic architecture, excellent mechanical properties, and good biocompatibility.
Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composites, Ministry of Education, Institute of Textile Composites, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China; Henan provincial key laboratory of functional textile materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China.
Weili
W
Shao
Henan provincial key laboratory of functional textile materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China. Electronic address: hejianxin771117@163.com.
Jianxin
J
He
Henan provincial key laboratory of functional textile materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China.
Qiming
Q
Han
Department of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Treatment and Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
Feng
F
Sang
Henan provincial key laboratory of functional textile materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China.
Qian
Q
Wang
Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composites, Ministry of Education, Institute of Textile Composites, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China.
Li
L
Chen
Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composites, Ministry of Education, Institute of Textile Composites, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China; Henan provincial key laboratory of functional textile materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China.
Shizhong
S
Cui
Henan provincial key laboratory of functional textile materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China; State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201600, China. Electronic address: binding@dhu.edu.cn.
Bin
B
Ding
D000818:Animals; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D005269:Femur / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005349:Fibroins / Q000737:chemistry*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry*; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D011817:Rabbits; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
D018786:Bone Substitutes; D011091:Polyesters; C033616:poly(lactide); D005349:Fibroins
Bone formation; Bone tissue engineering; Electrospinning; Nanofiber fabric; Tussah silk fibroin