Effects of erythromycin, trimethoprim and clindamycin on attached microbial communities from an effluent dominated prairie stream.
In this study, differing metrics were utilized to measure effects of erythromycin (ER), trimethoprim (TR) and clindamycin (CL) on the structure and function of attached Wascana Creek, SK microbial communities. All three test antibiotics, especially ER, affected community structure and function of biofilms grown in rotating annular reactors. Biofilm thickness, bacterial biomass, and lectin binding biovolume (exopolymeric substances) were consistently less in ER treated biofilms when compared to the control. As well negative effects on protozoan numbers, and carbon utilization were detected. Finally, PCA analyses of DGGE results indicated that bacterial community diversity in ER exposed biofilms was always different from the control. ER exhibited toxic effects even at lower concentrations. Observations on TR and CL exposed biofilms indicated that bacterial biomass, lectin binding biovolume and carbon utilization were negatively affected as well. In terms of bacterial community diversity, however, CL exposed biofilms tended to group with the control while TR grouped with nutrient additions suggesting both nutritive and toxic effects. This study results represent an important step in understanding antibiotic effects, especially ER, on aquatic microbial communities. And because ER is so ubiquitous in receiving water bodies worldwide, the Wascana study results suggest the possibility of ecosystem disturbance elsewhere.
Erythromycin (ER) is ubiquitous in waterbodies receiving sewage effluent. Structure and function of microbial communities from an effluent dominated stream were negatively affected by ER, at realistic concentrations.
Environment Canada, 11 Innovation Blvd., Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada. Electronic address: mjwaiser@shaw.ca.
M J
MJ
Waiser
Environment Canada, 11 Innovation Blvd., Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada.
G D W
GD
Swerhone
Environment Canada, 11 Innovation Blvd., Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada.
J
J
Roy
Environment Canada, 11 Innovation Blvd., Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada.
V
V
Tumber
Environment Canada, 11 Innovation Blvd., Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada.
J R
JR
Lawrence
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D018533:Biomass; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D065948:Grassland; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry; D014295:Trimethoprim / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002981:Clindamycin; D004917:Erythromycin; D014295:Trimethoprim
Antibiotics; Biofilm; Microbial communities; Pharmaceuticals; Rivers; Rotating annular reactors; Waste water