The engagement of oral-associated lymphoid tissues during oral versus gastric antigen administration.
The role of oral-associated lymphoid tissues during induction of oral tolerance still remains elusive. Therefore, the aim was to compare T-cell activation and induction of tolerance to ovalbumin (OVA) presented through either of two routes; deposited into the oral cavity, or the stomach, thereby bypassing the oral cavity. OVA was administered by the oral or gastric route to BALB/c mice that had received OVA-specific DO11.10+ CD4(+) T cells, stained with CellTrace(™) Violet dye, through intravenous injection. Proliferating OVA-specific T cells were detected in the nose-associated lymphoid tissues (NALT) and the cervical, mesenteric and peripheral lymph nodes at different time-points following OVA exposure. OVA-specific T-cell proliferation was initially observed in the NALT 1 hr after oral, but not gastric, administration. However, at day 1, proliferation at this site was also detected after gastric administration and profound proliferation was observed at all sites by day 4. For the oral route the degree of proliferation observed was lower in the peripheral lymph nodes by day 4 compared with the other sites. These results demonstrate a similar activation pattern achieved by the two routes. However, the NALT distinguishes itself as a site of rapid T-cell activation towards fed antigens irrespective of feeding regimen. To evaluate induction of tolerance a semi-effective OVA dose was used, to detect differences in the degree of tolerance achieved. This was performed in a model of OVA-induced airway hypersensitivity. No differences in tolerance induction were observed between the two administration routes.
Department of Oral Medicine & Pathology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
Maria
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3949-6739
M
Bankvall
Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
Anna-Karin
AK
Östberg
Department of Oral Medicine & Pathology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
Mats
M
Jontell
Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
Agnes
A
Wold
Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
Sofia
S
Östman
D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009055:Mouth / Q000276:immunology*; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D012130:Respiratory Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
D010047:Ovalbumin
antigen administration; cervical lymph nodes; murine model; nose-associated lymphoid tissues