Impact of diet on the efficacy of insulin lispro mix 25 and insulin lispro mix 50 as starter insulin in East Asian patients with type 2 diabetes: Subgroup analysis of the Comparison Between Low Mixed Insulin and Mid Mixed Insulin as Starter Insulin For Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (CLASSIFY Study) randomized trial.
OBJECTIVE
The pathophysiology of diabetes differs between Asian and Western patients in many ways, and diet is a primary contributor. The present study examined the effect of diet on the efficacy of 25% insulin lispro/75% insulin lispro protamine suspension (LM25) and 50% insulin lispro/50% insulin lispro protamine suspension (LM50) as starter insulin in Chinese and Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycemic control with oral antidiabetic medication.


METHODS
This was a predefined subgroup analysis of a phase 4, open-label, 26-week, parallel-arm, randomized (computer-generated random sequence) trial (21 January 2013 to 22 August 2014). Nutritional intake was assessed from food records kept by participants before study drug administration. Outcomes assessed were changes from baseline in self-monitored blood glucose, 1,5-anhydroglucitol and glycated hemoglobin.


RESULTS
In total, 328 participants were randomized to receive twice-daily LM25 (n = 168) or LM50 (n = 160). Median daily nutritional intake (by weight and percentage of total energy) was 230.8 g of carbohydrate (54%), 56.5 g of fat (31%) and 66 g of protein (15%). Improvements in self-monitored blood glucose were significantly greater (P ≤ 0.028) in the LM50 group than in the LM25 group, regardless of nutritional intake. When carbohydrate (by weight or percentage energy) or fat (by weight) intake exceeded median levels, LM50 was significantly more efficacious than LM25 (P ≤ 0.026) in improving 1,5-anhydroglucitol and glycated hemoglobin.


CONCLUSIONS
Glycemic control improved in both LM25 and LM50 groups, but LM50 was significantly more efficacious under certain dietary conditions, particularly with increased carbohydrate intake.
Department of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
Wei
W
Chen
Medical Department, Lilly Suzhou Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China.
Lei
L
Qian
Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Hirotaka
H
Watada
Medical Department, Lilly Suzhou Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China.
Peng Fei
PF
Li
Medicines Development Unit Japan, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Kobe, Japan.
Noriyuki
N
Iwamoto
Medicines Development Unit Japan, Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Kobe, Japan.
Makoto
M
Imori
Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Wen Ying
WY
Yang
D044466:Asian People; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004032:Diet; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061268:Insulin Lispro / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D004338:Drug Combinations; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D061268:Insulin Lispro
Diabetes mellitus; Diet; Insulin lispro