Influence of PapMV nanoparticles on the kinetics of the antibody response to flu vaccine.
BACKGROUND
The addition of an adjuvant to a vaccine is a promising approach to increasing strength and immunogenicity towards antigens. Despite the fact that adjuvants have been used in vaccines for decades, their mechanisms of action and their influence on the kinetics of the immune response are still not very well understood. The use of papaya mosaic virus (PapMV) nanoparticles-a novel TLR7 agonist-was recently shown to improve and broaden the immune response directed to trivalent inactivated flu vaccine (TIV) in mice and ferrets.


RESULTS
We investigated the capacity of PapMV nanoparticles to increase the speed of the immune response toward TIV. PapMV nanoparticles induced a faster and stronger humoral response to TIV that was measured as early as 5 days post-immunization. The addition of PapMV nanoparticles was shown to speed up the differentiation of B-cells into early plasma cells, and increased the growth of germinal centers in a CD4+ dependent manner. TIV vaccination with PapMV nanoparticles as an adjuvant protected mice against a lethal infection as early as 10 days post-immunization.


CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, PapMV nanoparticles are able to accelerate a broad humoral response to TIV. This property is of the utmost importance in the field of vaccination, especially in the case of pandemics, where populations need to be protected as soon as possible after vaccination.
Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Infectious Disease Research Center, Laval University, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Quebec City, PQ, G1V 4G2, Canada.
Gervais
G
Rioux
Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Infectious Disease Research Center, Laval University, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Quebec City, PQ, G1V 4G2, Canada.
Damien
D
Carignan
Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Infectious Disease Research Center, Laval University, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Quebec City, PQ, G1V 4G2, Canada.
Alexis
A
Russell
Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Infectious Disease Research Center, Laval University, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Quebec City, PQ, G1V 4G2, Canada.
Marilène
M
Bolduc
Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Infectious Disease Research Center, Laval University, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Quebec City, PQ, G1V 4G2, Canada.
Marie-Ève Laliberté
MÈ
Gagné
Neurosciences, Laval University, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Quebec City, PQ, G1V 4G2, Canada.
Pierre
P
Savard
Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Infectious Disease Research Center, Laval University, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Quebec City, PQ, G1V 4G2, Canada. Denis.Leclerc@crchudequebec.ulaval.ca.
Denis
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9323-1638
D
Leclerc
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D000917:Antibody Formation; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D029441:Carica / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D007114:Immunization; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009029:Mosaic Viruses / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000821:virology; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000276:immunology; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated
Adjuvants; Humoral response; Influenza; PapMV nanoparticles; TLR7 agonist; Trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine; Vaccine kinetics