Clinical and ultrasonographic observations of functional and mechanical intestinal obstruction in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis).
OBJECTIVE
This study was designed for clinical and laboratory evaluation of intestinal obstruction (IO) in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) with special emphasis on the diagnostic value of ultrasonographic findings.


METHODS
A total number of 30 buffaloes were included in the study and divided into 2 groups: Healthy (n=10) and diseased group (n=20). Diseased buffaloes were admitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at Assiut University, Egypt, with a history of anorexia, abdominal pain, various degrees of abdominal distention, and absence or presence of scanty mucoid faces. These animals were subjected to clinical and ultrasonographic as well as laboratory examinations.


RESULTS
Based on ultrasonographic findings, various forms of IO were diagnosed. Functional obstruction, paralytic ileus, was diagnosed in 17 cases (85%) while mechanical IO was diagnosed only in 3 cases (15%). Out of 17 cases of paralytic ileus, both proximal and distal ileuses were successfully imaged in 8 and 9 cases, respectively. Proximal ileus was imaged from the right dorsal flank region as a single dilated loop of diameter >6 cm, while distal ileus was imaged as multiple dilated loops of diameter <6 cm. Mechanical obstruction due to duodenal intussusception was visualized as two concentric rings with outer echogenic wall and hypoechoic lumen. All cases of IO showed leukocytosis, hypoproteinemia, and increased activity of alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase.


CONCLUSIONS
Ultrasonography proved to be an essential tool for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of various forms of IO in buffaloes.
Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Arafat
A
Khalphallah
Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Nasr-Eldin M
NE
Aref
Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Enas
E
Elmeligy
Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
Sayed F
SF
El-Hawari
buffalo; ileus; intestine; intussusception; ultrasonography