Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage due to donor lymphocyte infusion in a case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, with a mortality rate between 60-100%, is a life-threatening complication in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. A 34-year-old man, with precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosed in July 2003, relapsed after allogeneic peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from his human leukocyte antigen- iden¬tical brother in July 2005. He received a donor lymphocyte infusion of 2 x 107/kg CD3 positive cells. He developed fever, dyspnea and hypoxemia four days after donor lymphocyte infusion. The patient was diagnosed as diffuse alveolar hem¬orrhage based on the clinical, radiological and bronchoscopic data. He was immediately started on high-dose methylpred¬nisolone. Two days after the onset of the steroid therapy, he recovered with significant improvement in oxygenation. Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage can be a late-onset transplant complication that could also be associated with a recent donor lymphocyte infusion.
Gülsan
G
Sucak
Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey, Tel: +90 312 202 63 17 E-mail: arzu_yegin@hotmail.com.
Zeynep Arzu
ZA
Yegin
Münci
M
Yağcı
Nurdan
N
Köktürk