Pesticides Drive Stochastic Changes in the Chemoreception and Neurotransmission System of Marine Ectoparasites.
Scientific efforts to elucidate the mechanisms of chemical communication between organisms in marine environments are increasing. This study applied novel molecular technology to outline the effects of two xenobiotic drugs, deltamethrin (DM) and azamethiphos (AZA), on the neurotransmission system of the copepod ectoparasite Caligus rogercresseyi. Transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were conducted to evaluate treatment effects on the glutamatergic synaptic pathway of the parasite, which is closely related to chemoreception and neurotransmission. After drug treatment with DM or AZA, stochastic mRNA expression patterns of glutamatergic synapse pathway components were observed. Both DM and AZA promoted a down-regulation of the glutamate-ammonia ligase, and DM activated a metabotropic glutamate receptor that is a suggested inhibitor of neurotransmission. Furthermore, the delousing drugs drove complex rearrangements in the distribution of mapped reads for specific metabotropic glutamate receptor domains. This study introduces a novel methodological approach that produces high-quality results from transcriptomic data. Using this approach, DM and AZA were found to alter the expression of numerous mRNAs tightly linked to the glutamatergic signaling pathway. These data suggest possible new targets for xenobiotic drugs that play key roles in the delousing effects of antiparasitics in sea lice.
Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research, Department of Oceanography, Universidad de Concepci&#243;n, Concepci&#243;n 4030000, Chile. gustavonunez@udec.cl.
Gustavo
G
Núñez-Acuña
Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research, Department of Oceanography, Universidad de Concepci&#243;n, Concepci&#243;n 4030000, Chile. sboltana@udec.cl.
Sebastián
S
Boltaña
Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research, Department of Oceanography, Universidad de Concepci&#243;n, Concepci&#243;n 4030000, Chile. crisgallardo@udec.cl.
Cristian
C
Gallardo-Escárate
D000818:Animals; D002628:Chemoreceptor Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D033342:Copepoda / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology; D063086:Organothiophosphates / Q000494:pharmacology; D010575:Pesticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000494:pharmacology; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000235:genetics*; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA / Q000379:methods*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects
D009570:Nitriles; D063086:Organothiophosphates; D010575:Pesticides; D011722:Pyrethrins; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; C017180:decamethrin; C072763:azamethiphos; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase
Caligus rogercresseyi; azamethiphos; deltamethrin; glutamatergic synapse; ionotropic receptor; metabotropic receptor; sea lice