Biochemical Characterization and Antimicrobial and Antifungal Activity of Two Endemic Varieties of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) of the Campania Region, Southern Italy.
Extracts of the bulbs of the two endemic varieties "Rosato" and "Caposele" of Allium sativum of the Campania region, Southern Italy, were analyzed. The phenolic content, ascorbic acid, allicin content, and in vitro antimicrobial and antifungal activity were determined. Ultra performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector performed polyphenol profile. The polyphenolic extracts showed antioxidant activity (EC50) lower than 120 mg. The amount of ascorbic acid and allicin in the two extracts was similar. Polyphenol extract exhibited antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and (only by the extract of Rosato) against Bacillus cereus. The extract of Caposele was more effective in inhibiting the growth of Aspergillus versicolor and Penicillum citrinum. On the other hand, the extract of Rosato was effective against Penicillium expansum.
1 Institute of Food Science , CNR-ISA, Avellino, Italy .
Florinda
F
Fratianni
2 Azienda "F. Marsocci," Acerra , Naples, Italy .
Riccardo
R
Riccardi
2 Azienda "F. Marsocci," Acerra , Naples, Italy .
Patrizia
P
Spigno
1 Institute of Food Science , CNR-ISA, Avellino, Italy .
Maria Neve
MN
Ombra
1 Institute of Food Science , CNR-ISA, Avellino, Italy .|3 Department of Agriculture, Environment and Food, DIAAA, University of Molise , Campobasso, Italy .
Autilia
A
Cozzolino
3 Department of Agriculture, Environment and Food, DIAAA, University of Molise , Campobasso, Italy .
Patrizio
P
Tremonte
1 Institute of Food Science , CNR-ISA, Avellino, Italy .|3 Department of Agriculture, Environment and Food, DIAAA, University of Molise , Campobasso, Italy .
Raffaele
R
Coppola
1 Institute of Food Science , CNR-ISA, Avellino, Italy .
Filomena
F
Nazzaro
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000187:drug effects; D004220:Disulfides; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D005737:Garlic / Q000737:chemistry*; D007558:Italy; D010407:Penicillium / Q000187:drug effects; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects; D013045:Species Specificity; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013441:Sulfinic Acids / Q000032:analysis
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004220:Disulfides; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D013441:Sulfinic Acids; C006452:allicin; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
Allium; allicin; antifungal; antimicrobial; antioxidant; ascorbic acid; polyphenols; ultra performance liquid chromatography