[App-based self-monitoring in type 2 diabetes].
BACKGROUND
The success of self-monitoring in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus has already been verified in several studies. To date there are a multitude of smartphone apps which support diabetic patients in systematically recording and analyzing relevant health data; however, most of these smartphone apps are primarily developed for a young target group.


OBJECTIVE
As part of this study we examined to what extent a smartphone app for self-monitoring is used by older diabetic patients.


METHODS
In this study 36 adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus older than 60 years were included. After a comprehensive training course the participants used the application for 3 months. Reminders for medication, physical activity and diet could be set and recorded health data, such as weight or blood sugar, could be entered into the app. After 3 months the data were analyzed concerning usage behavior and impact on overall health.


RESULTS
Data analysis revealed intensive usage of the smartphone app (90 % on a daily basis). Furthermore, according to the patients, after the study period significant improvements in medication adherence and psychological well-being were recorded [t[35] = -2.24, p < 0.05). Additional motivational elements did not influence the usage behavior by older adults.


CONCLUSIONS
Until now only a small proportion of older adults used smartphone health apps, despite the ubiquitous availability. These apps have to be tailored to the requirements of older adults so that the market will be opened up to them. Using self-monitoring apps can help older adults to structure their daily routine despite their disease.
Forschungsgruppe Geriatrie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Reinickendorfer Str. 61, 13347, Berlin, Deutschland. anika.steinert@charite.de.
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Steinert
Forschungsgruppe Geriatrie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Reinickendorfer Str. 61, 13347, Berlin, Deutschland.
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Haesner
Forschungsgruppe Geriatrie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Reinickendorfer Str. 61, 13347, Berlin, Deutschland.
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Steinhagen-Thiessen
D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000523:psychology; D001835:Body Weight; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D015444:Exercise / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063731:Mobile Applications; D009042:Motivation; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology
D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents
Mobile applications; Motivation; Older adults; Selfmanagement; Smartphone