Identification of nondiabetic heart failure-associated genes by bioinformatics approaches in patients with dilated ischemic cardiomyopathy.
Heart failure (HF) is a common pathological condition affecting 4% of the worldwide population. However, approaches for predicting or treating nondiabetic HF (ND-HF) progression are insufficient. In the current study, the gene expression profile GSE26887 was analyzed, which contained samples from 5 healthy controls, 7 diabetes mellitus-HF patients and 12 ND-HF patients with dilated ischemic cardiomyopathy. The dataset of 5 healthy controls and 12 ND-HF patients was normalized with robust multichip average analysis and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by unequal variance t-test and multiple-testing correction. In addition, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the upregulated and downregulated genes was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database and the Cytoscape software platform. Subsequently, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed. A total of 122 upregulated and 133 downregulated genes were detected. The most significantly up- and downregulated genes wereEIF1AYandSERPINE1, respectively. In addition, 38 and 77 nodes were obtained in the up- and downregulated PPI network. DEGs that owned the highest connectivity degree wereUSP9YandUTYin the upregulated network, andCD44in the downregulated networks, respectively.NPPAandSERPINE1were also found to be hub genes in the PPI network. Several GO terms and pathways that were enriched by DEGs were identified, and the most significantly enriched KEGG pathways were drug metabolism and extracellular matrix-receptor interaction. In conclusion, the two DEGs,NPPAandSERPINE1, may be important in the pathogenesis of HF and may be used for the diagnosis and treatment of HF.
Department of Cardiology, Jinan No. 4 People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China.
Anzhong
A
Yu
Department of Blood Purification, Jinan Infectious Disease Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China.
Jingyao
J
Zhang
Department of Internal Medicine, Jinan Minzu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China.
Haiyan
H
Liu
Department of Cardiology, Jinan No. 4 People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China.
Bing
B
Liu
Department of Cardiology, Jinan No. 4 People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China.
Lingdong
L
Meng
differentially expressed genes; gene ontology; heart failure; pathway; protein-protein interaction network