Antioxidative activities of 62 wild mushrooms from Nepal and the phenolic profile of some selected species.
Mushrooms have garnered immense popularity for their nutritional as well as medicinal values. The therapeutic potential of mushrooms in Nepal, a country well known for its biodiversity and natural medicinal resources, remains largely unstudied. Therefore, this study attempts to unveil the antioxidative properties of Nepalese wild mushrooms. Sixty-two wild mushroom samples were collected from several forests in different parts of Nepal. Ethanol and water extracts of the dried samples were tested for their antioxidative activities using total phenolic content (TPC), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and reducing power (RP) assays. Ethanol extracts of samples belonging to the order Hymenochaetales showed significantly high activity in all the assays. Inonotus clemensiae had an exceptionally high TPC of 643.2 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g extract and also exhibited the lowest EC50 values in DPPH (0.081 mg/mL), ABTS (0.409 mg/mL), and EC0.5 value in reducing power (RP; 0.031 mg/mL) assays. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of the top ten samples with the highest TPC was done to identify the phenolic compounds in the extracts, followed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis for some unknown compounds. These findings highlight the very strong antioxidative activity of Nepalese mushrooms, and paves the way for further research to explore their economic potential.
Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan.
Sonam
S
Tamrakar
Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan.
Hai Bang
HB
Tran
Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan.
Marina
M
Nishida
Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan.
Satoru
S
Kaifuchi
Miyazaki Prefectural Wood Utilization Research Center, Miyazaki, 885-0037, Japan.
Hiroto
H
Suhara
Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan.
Katsumi
K
Doi
Material Management Center, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 821-8581, Japan.
Katsuya
K
Fukami
Plant Pathology Division, Nepal Agriculture Research Council, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, P.O. Box 3605, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Gopal Prasad
GP
Parajuli
Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan. shimizu@agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
Kuniyoshi
K
Shimizu
D000363:Agaricales / Q000737:chemistry; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D052160:Benzothiazoles / Q000378:metabolism; D001688:Biological Products / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005658:Fungi / Q000737:chemistry*; D009390:Nepal; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism
D000975:Antioxidants; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D001688:Biological Products; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D010636:Phenols; D010851:Picrates; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; C002502:2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
Antioxidants; HPLC; Nepal; TPC; Wild mushrooms