High-throughput sequencing of microbial diversity in implant-associated infection.
Few molecular studies have shown that the number of bacterial species in implant-associated infection may have been underestimated. To determine the actual microbial diversity in implant-associated infection, a high-throughput sequencing method was adopted to sequence the DNAs extracted from the tissues of infected and uninfected patients. Principal component analysis (PCA) and β diversity showed an obvious divergence of infected and uninfected groups, and that the overgrowth of Proteobacteria (80.87%), Firmicutes (13.41%) in the positive deep infection group (P.d, via biopsy) and Proteobacteria (91.68%) in the positive surface infection group (P.s, via swabs) might be the causative factors in implant-associated infection. Moreover, Venn results indicated that a mean of 330 common operational taxonomic units (OTUs) was obtained in all groups, of which 113, 109, 45, 20, 13 and 12 OTUs belonging to Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, Gemmatimonadetes and Chloroflexi were identified. In conclusion, many traditional "pathogenic bacteria" were identified as the common bacteria in operation sites, and the disruption of their complex interaction caused infection; therefore, further work is need to illustrate the aetiology of implant-associated infection using in-depth systems-level analyses.
School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China.
Xin
X
Wang
Clinical Laboratory of Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China.
Xiaoyan
X
Hu
Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China.
Kan
K
Deng
First Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China.
Xigao
X
Cheng
Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, PR China.
Junchao
J
Wei
Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China.
Meixiu
M
Jiang
Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China. Electronic address: wangxiaolei@ncu.edu.cn.
Xiaolei
X
Wang
School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China. Electronic address: chentingtao1984@163.com.
Tingtao
T
Chen
D061271:Acidobacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D039903:Actinobacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001178:Arthroplasty / Q000009:adverse effects; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D044822:Biodiversity; D041862:Chloroflexi / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D000068536:Bacillota / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D061328:Planctomycetales / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000382:microbiology*; D020560:Proteobacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
D004269:DNA, Bacterial
Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus; High-throughput sequencing; Implant-associated infection; Microbial diversity; S. aureus