Epigenome Maintenance in Response to DNA Damage.
Organism viability relies on the stable maintenance of specific chromatin landscapes, established during development, that shape cell functions and identities by driving distinct gene expression programs. Yet epigenome maintenance is challenged during transcription, replication, and repair of DNA damage, all of which elicit dynamic changes in chromatin organization. Here, we review recent advances that have shed light on the specialized mechanisms contributing to the restoration of epigenome structure and function after DNA damage in the mammalian cell nucleus. By drawing a parallel with epigenome maintenance during replication, we explore emerging concepts and highlight open issues in this rapidly growing field. In particular, we present our current knowledge of molecular players that support the coordinated maintenance of genome and epigenome integrity in response to DNA damage, and we highlight how nuclear organization impacts genome stability. Finally, we discuss possible functional implications of epigenome plasticity in response to genotoxic stress.
Epigenome Integrity Group, UMR 7216 CNRS, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris Cedex 13, France.
Juliette
J
Dabin
Epigenome Integrity Group, UMR 7216 CNRS, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris Cedex 13, France.
Anna
A
Fortuny
Epigenome Integrity Group, UMR 7216 CNRS, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris Cedex 13, France. Electronic address: sophie.polo@univ-paris-diderot.fr.
Sophie E
SE
Polo
D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000066670:Cell Plasticity; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D004249:DNA Damage; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004260:DNA Repair; D004261:DNA Replication; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D057890:Epigenomics / Q000379:methods; D042822:Genomic Instability; D005838:Genotype; D006570:Heterochromatin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D010641:Phenotype; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D006570:Heterochromatin; D006657:Histones; D004247:DNA