Delivery of roxarsone via chicken diet→chicken→chicken manure→soil→rice plant.
Roxarsone (ROX), a widely used feed additive, occurs as itself and its metabolites in animal manure. Rice is prone to accumulate As than other staple food. Four diets with 0, 40, 80 and 120mgROXkg(-1) were fed in chickens, and four chicken manures (CMs) were collected to fertilize rice plants in a soil culture experiment. Linear regression analysis shows that the slopes of As species including 4-hydroxy-phenylarsonic acid, As(V), As(III), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) in CM versus dietary ROX were 0.033, 0.314, 0.033, 0.054 and 0.138, respectively. Both As(III) and DMA were determined in all rice grains, and As(III), As(V), MMA and DMA in rice hull, but detectable As forms in rice straws and soils increased with increasing ROX dose. Grain As(III) was unrelated to ROX dose but exceeded the Chinese rice As limit (0.15mgAs(III)kg(-1)). Dietary ROX enhanced straw As(III) mostly, with the slope of 0.020, followed by hull DMA (0.006) and grain DMA (0.002). The slopes of soil As(V) and As(III) were 0.003 and 0.001. This is the first report illustrating the quantitative delivery of ROX via food chain, which helps to evaluate health and environmental risks caused by ROX use in animal production.
College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China. Electronic address: lyaolx@scau.edu.cn.
Lixian
L
Yao
Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Lianxi
L
Huang
Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Zhaohuan
Z
He
Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Changmin
C
Zhou
College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Weisheng
W
Lu
College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Cuihua
C
Bai
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D002645:Chickens; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005516:Food Microbiology; D008372:Manure / Q000032:analysis; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D012406:Roxarsone / Q000378:metabolism*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008372:Manure; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D012406:Roxarsone
Animal manure; As species; Paddy soil; Rice; Roxarsone