Electronic nicotine delivery system landscape in licensed tobacco retailers: results of a county-level survey in Oklahoma.
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) have recently emerged as a component of the tobacco retail environment. The aims of this study were to describe the availability, types of ENDS and placement of ENDS relative to traditional tobacco products at franchised licensed tobacco retailers and non-franchised licensed tobacco retailers.



Observational study.



Franchised and non-franchised tobacco retailers in Cleveland County, Oklahoma, USA.



The number of stores selling ENDS, the variability in brands of ENDS sold, the location of the ENDS within the retailers, the quantity of ENDS sold compared with traditional tobacco products, and the presence of outdoor signage.



Data from 57 randomly sampled tobacco retailers were used to describe the presence of ENDS at independent non-franchised and franchised tobacco retailers. The overwhelming majority (90%) of licensed tobacco retailers sold ENDS, and differences were observed between franchised and non-franchised stores. 45 of the 51 retailers (88%) selling ENDS had them placed at the point of sale. 2 of the 21 franchised retailers (9.5%) had ENDS placed at ≤3½ feet above floor level compared to none of the 30 non-franchised retailers (0%).



This small study is the first to characterise ENDS within the tobacco retail environment in a county in Oklahoma, USA. The results from this study demonstrate the complexity of the tobacco retail landscape and generate questions for future studies regarding the incorporation and placement of ENDS in tobacco retail environments.
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
L S
LS
Brame
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
D S
DS
Mowls
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
K E
KE
Damphousse
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
L A
LA
Beebe
D003132:Commerce / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D066300:Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems / Q000145:classification* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008004:Licensure; D009825:Oklahoma; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D062789:Tobacco Products
EPIDEMIOLOGY; PUBLIC HEALTH; QUALITATIVE RESEARCH