Associations of sleep duration and quality with disinhibited eating behaviors in adolescent girls at-risk for type 2 diabetes.
Short sleep duration and daytime sleepiness have been associated with an increased risk for the onset of type 2 diabetes in adults. There has been far less attention to the characterization of sleep in adolescents at-risk for diabetes or to the possible behavioral mechanisms, such as disinhibited eating, through which sleep may affect metabolic functioning.



We evaluated the associations of sleep duration and daytime sleepiness with a multi-modal assessment of disinhibited eating in 119 adolescent girls at-risk for type 2 diabetes based upon being overweight/obese and having a family history of diabetes. Girls also endorsed mild-to-moderate depressive symptoms. Adolescents reported sleep duration and daytime sleepiness with the Sleep Habits Survey and Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire. They were administered a series of successive test meals to measure total energy intake and eating in the absence of hunger (EAH). Adolescent binge eating was assessed with the Eating Disorder Examination interview.



Accounting for age, race, puberty, body composition, depressive symptoms, and perceived stress, reported sleep duration was positively related to test meal total energy intake (p=0.04), but not to EAH. Adjusting for the same covariates, daytime sleepiness was associated with a greater odds of objective binge eating in the previous month (p=0.009).



In adolescent girls at-risk for type 2 diabetes, reported sleep characteristics are associated with disinhibited eating behaviors that have been linked to excessive weight and adverse metabolic outcomes. Future studies are called for to evaluate these links using objective measures of sleep.
Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Defense, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States.
Nichole R
NR
Kelly
Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States; Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, 410 Pitkin Street, Campus Delivery 1570, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States. Electronic address: Lauren.Shomaker@colostate.edu.
Lauren B
LB
Shomaker
Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Defense, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States.
Rachel M
RM
Radin
Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
Katherine A
KA
Thompson
Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Defense, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States.
Omni L
OL
Cassidy
Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
Sheila
S
Brady
Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
Rim
R
Mehari
Nutrition Department, NIH Clinical Center, DHHS, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1078, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
Amber B
AB
Courville
Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, DHHS, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States.
Kong Y
KY
Chen
Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
Ovidiu A
OA
Galescu
Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States; Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Defense, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States.
Marian
M
Tanofsky-Kraff
Section on Growth and Obesity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
Jack A
JA
Yanovski
D000293:Adolescent; D002032:Bulimia; D003863:Depression; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D050177:Overweight / Q000150:complications; D012890:Sleep
Binge eating; Eating in the absence of hunger; Obesity; Sleep; Sleepiness