Activated microglia in acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion.
Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion (AESD) is the most common subtype of infectious pediatric encephalopathy in Japan. The exact pathogenesis of and the best therapeutic strategy for AESD are uncertain. We firstly performed a brain biopsy in a 2-year-old boy with AESD associated with RS viral infection, which revealed activated ameoboid microglia accumulation around degenerated neuron, and astrogliosis in the affected cortex. Glutamate released from activated microglia may play an important role in the pathogenesis of AESD, which is compatible with the previous report of magnetic resonance spectroscopy showing elevated glutamate.
Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Ichihara, Japan. Electronic address: ojifujita@hotmail.co.jp.
Yuji
Y
Fujita
Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, Yachiyo, Japan.
Jun-Ichi
JI
Takanashi
Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Ichihara, Japan.
Haruka
H
Takei
Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Ichihara, Japan.
Setsuo
S
Ota
Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.
Katsunori
K
Fujii
Department of Brain Development and Neural Regeneration, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan.
Hiroshi
H
Sakuma
Department of Brain Development and Neural Regeneration, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan.
Masaharu
M
Hayashi
D001706:Biopsy; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017628:Microglia / Q000473:pathology*; D012640:Seizures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery
Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion (AESD); Encephalopathy; Glutamate; Microglia