Reported Distribution of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus in the United States, 1995-2016 (Diptera: Culicidae).
Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (L.) and Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) transmit arboviruses that are increasing threats to human health in the Americas, particularly dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses. Epidemics of the associated arboviral diseases have been limited to South and Central America, Mexico, and the Caribbean in the Western Hemisphere, with only minor localized outbreaks in the United States. Nevertheless, accurate and up-to-date information for the geographical ranges of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in the United States is urgently needed to guide surveillance and enhance control capacity for these mosquitoes. We compiled county records for presence of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in the United States from 1995-2016, presented here in map format. Records were derived from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ArboNET database, VectorMap, the published literature, and a survey of mosquito control agencies, university researchers, and state and local health departments. Between January 1995 and March 2016, 183 counties from 26 states and the District of Columbia reported occurrence of Ae. aegypti, and 1,241 counties from 40 states and the District of Columbia reported occurrence of Ae. albopictus. During the same time period, Ae. aegypti was collected in 3 or more years from 94 counties from 14 states and the District of Columbia, and Ae. albopictus was collected during 3 or more years from 514 counties in 34 states and the District of Columbia. Our findings underscore the need for systematic surveillance of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in the United States and delineate areas with risk for the transmission of these introduced arboviruses.
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521 (xht1@cdc.gov; dyn2@cdc.gov; hms1@cdc.gov; kje5@cdc.gov; evp4@cdc.gov; jvm6@cdc.gov; grv0@cdc.gov).
Micah B
MB
Hahn
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521 (xht1@cdc.gov; dyn2@cdc.gov; hms1@cdc.gov; kje5@cdc.gov; evp4@cdc.gov; jvm6@cdc.gov; grv0@cdc.gov).
Rebecca J
RJ
Eisen
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521 (xht1@cdc.gov; dyn2@cdc.gov; hms1@cdc.gov; kje5@cdc.gov; evp4@cdc.gov; jvm6@cdc.gov; grv0@cdc.gov).
Lars
L
Eisen
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521 (xht1@cdc.gov; dyn2@cdc.gov; hms1@cdc.gov; kje5@cdc.gov; evp4@cdc.gov; jvm6@cdc.gov; grv0@cdc.gov).
Karen A
KA
Boegler
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, 3195 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 (Chester.Moore@ColoState.edu).
Chester G
CG
Moore
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521 (xht1@cdc.gov; dyn2@cdc.gov; hms1@cdc.gov; kje5@cdc.gov; evp4@cdc.gov; jvm6@cdc.gov; grv0@cdc.gov).
Janet
J
McAllister
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521 (xht1@cdc.gov; dyn2@cdc.gov; hms1@cdc.gov; kje5@cdc.gov; evp4@cdc.gov; jvm6@cdc.gov; grv0@cdc.gov).
Harry M
HM
Savage
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521 (xht1@cdc.gov; dyn2@cdc.gov; hms1@cdc.gov; kje5@cdc.gov; evp4@cdc.gov; jvm6@cdc.gov; grv0@cdc.gov).
John-Paul
JP
Mutebi

          Aedes aegypti
        ; 
          Aedes albopictus
        ; United States; distribution; surveillance