Surgical Resection and Interstitial Iodine-125 Brachytherapy for High-Grade Meningiomas: A 25-Year Series.
Atypical and malignant meningiomas can recur despite resection and radiation.



To determine outcomes of patients with recurrent atypical or malignant meningioma treated with repeat resection and permanent iodine-125 ( 125 I) brachy-therapy.



Charts of patients who underwent surgical resection and 125 I brachyther-apy implantation for atypical and malignant meningiomas between 1988 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. The Kaplan-Meier actuarial method was used to calculate progression-free and overall survival. The log-rank test was used to compare groups. Significance was set at P < .05.



Forty-two patients underwent 50 resections with 125 I brachytherapy im-plantations. All patients had undergone previous resections and 85% had previously undergone radiation. Median follow-up was 7.5 years after diagnosis and 2.3 years after brachytherapy. Median time to progression after resection with 125 I brachytherapy was 20.9 months for atypical meningioma, 11.4 months for malignant meningioma, and 11.4 months for the combined groups. Median survival after re-resection and 125 I brachytherapy was 3.5 years for atypical meningioma, 2.3 years for malignant menin-gioma, and 3.3 years for all subjects. Median overall survival after diagnosis was 11.1 years for atypical meningioma, 9.1 years for malignant meningioma, and 9.4 years for all subjects. Complications occurred in 17 patients and included radiation necrosis (n = 8, 16%), wound breakdown (n = 6, 12%), hydrocephalus (n = 4, 8%), infection (n = 3, 6%), and a pseudomeningocele (n = 2, 5%).



This is the largest experience with adjuvant 125 I brachytherapy for recurrent high-grade meningiomas. The outcomes support the use of adjuvant brachytherapy as an option for these aggressive tumors.
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Stephen T
ST
Magill
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Darryl
D
Lau
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
David R
DR
Raleigh
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Penny K
PK
Sneed
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Shannon E
SE
Fogh
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Michael W
MW
McDermott
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001918:Brachytherapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D008579:Meningioma / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000601:surgery; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes
Atypical meningioma; Brachytherapy; Iodine-125; Malignant meningioma; Recurrent meningioma