Integrated chemical and biological assessment of contaminant impacts in selected European coastal and offshore marine areas.
This paper reports a full assessment of results from ICON, an international workshop on marine integrated contaminant monitoring, encompassing different matrices (sediment, fish, mussels, gastropods), areas (Iceland, North Sea, Baltic, Wadden Sea, Seine estuary and the western Mediterranean) and endpoints (chemical analyses, biological effects). ICON has demonstrated the use of a framework for integrated contaminant assessment on European coastal and offshore areas. The assessment showed that chemical contamination did not always correspond with biological effects, indicating that both are required. The framework can be used to develop assessments for EU directives. If a 95% target were to be used as a regional indicator of MSFD GES, Iceland and offshore North Sea would achieve the target using the ICON dataset, but inshore North Sea, Baltic and Spanish Mediterranean regions would fail.
Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: ketilhy@ibv.uio.no.
Ketil
K
Hylland
Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen AB11 9DB, UK.
Craig D
CD
Robinson
IFREMER, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, B.P. 21105, 44311 Nantes Cédex 03, France.
Thierry
T
Burgeot
Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Varadero 1, PO Box 22, 30740, San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain.
Concepción
C
Martínez-Gómez
Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Deichstr. 12, 27472 Cuxhaven, Germany.
Thomas
T
Lang
University of Iceland, Askja - Natural Science Building, Sturlugata 7, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland.
Jörundur
J
Svavarsson
Cefas Weymouth Laboratory, Barrack Road, The Nothe, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK.
John E
JE
Thain
Deltares, Marine and Coastal Systems, PO Box 177, 2600 MH Delft, The Netherlands; VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam Global Change Institute, Institute for Environmental Studies, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
A Dick
AD
Vethaak
Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen AB11 9DB, UK.
Mattew J
MJ
Gubbins
D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005060:Europe; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
Assessment; Biological effects; Contaminants; European seas; ICON