Effect of chromium supplementation on the glucose homeostasis and anthropometry of type 2 diabetic patients: Double blind, randomized clinical trial: Chromium, glucose homeostasis and anthropometry.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of chromium supplementation on the glucose homeostasis and anthropometry of type 2 diabetic patients.


METHODS
Fifty-six individuals with type 2 Diabetes were randomized on a double blind clinical trial into three groups: placebo (NC0), 50μg (NC50) and 200μg (NC200) of chromium nicotinate. Glucose homeostasis, anthropometry and physical activity intensity were evaluated at the beginning, at day 45 and at day 90. Energy intake was evaluated at the beginning, between the beginning and 45 days, and between days 45 and 90 of the study.


RESULTS
There were no differences within or between groups for HOMA-IR, waist circumference, body fat percentage, lean body mass percentage and total energy intake during the trial. There was an increase of the HOMA-β in group NC0 (p=0.0349) and a decrease of 1.08kg in group NC50 (p=0.0048) at 90 days. The relation between body mass index, body fat percentage and insulin sensitivity did not change in the placebo and supplemented groups (p>0.05). In the effect of the intervention, for each 1cm increase in waist circumference there was an increase of 1.90±0.63 in HOMA-IR (p=0.0087) and 16.31±5.27% in HOMA-β (p=0.0073) in group NC200. No difference was seen in the intensity of physical activity within the groups and in the comparison between the supplemented groups (NC50 and NC200) and placebo (NC0) at 90 days. There was an increase in energy expenditure in physical activity at 90days (p=0.0371) of intervention in the group subjects NC50. As for total energy intake, there were no differences within or between the groups during the study.


CONCLUSIONS
50μg and 200μg supplementation with chromium nicotinate for 90days did not promote improvements in glucose homeostasis and anthropometry in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
School of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil; Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil. Electronic address: marilianutri@gmail.com.
Marília Mendonça
MM
Guimarães
Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil; Universitary Hospital, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil. Electronic address: anaclaramartins@gmail.com.
Ana Clara Martins Silva
AC
Carvalho
Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil; School of Physical Education, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil. Electronic address: maria2593857@hotmail.com.
Maria Sebastiana
MS
Silva
D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D002857:Chromium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
D002857:Chromium; D005947:Glucose
Body weight; Chromium; Clinical trial; Insulin resistance; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.