Factors associated with postoperative complications and 1-year mortality after surgery for colorectal cancer in octogenarians and nonagenarians.
OBJECTIVE
To identify the factors affecting 30-day postoperative complications and 1-year mortality after surgery for colorectal cancer in octogenarians and nonagenarians.


METHODS
Between 2005 and 2014, a total of 204 consecutive patients aged ≥80 years who underwent major colorectal surgery were included.


RESULTS
One hundred patients were male (49%) and 52 patients had American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score ≥3 (25%). Combined surgery was performed in 32 patients (16%). Postoperative complications within 30 days after surgery occurred in 54 patients (26%) and 30-day mortality occurred in five patients (2%). Independent risk factors affecting 30-day postoperative complications were older age (≥90 years, hazard ratio [HR] with 95% confidence interval [CI] =4.95 [1.69-14.47], P=0.004), an ASA score ≥3 (HR with 95% CI =4.19 [1.8-9.74], P=0.001), performance of combined surgery (HR with 95% CI =3.1 [1.13-8.46], P=0.028), lower hemoglobin level (<10 g/dL, HR with 95% CI =7.56 [3.07-18.63], P<0.001), and lower albumin level (<3.4 g/dL, HR with 95% CI =3.72 [1.43-9.69], P=0.007). An ASA score ≥3 (HR with 95% CI =2.72 [1.15-6.46], P=0.023), tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage IV (HR with 95% CI =3.47 [1.44-8.39], P=0.006), and occurrence of postoperative complications (HR with 95% CI =4.42 [1.39-14.09], P=0.012) were significant prognostic factors for 1-year mortality.


CONCLUSIONS
Patient-related factors (older age, higher ASA score, presence of anemia, and lower serum albumin) and procedure-related factors (performance of combined surgical procedure) increased postoperative complications. Avoidance of 30-day postoperative complications may decrease 1-year mortality.
Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
Young Wan
YW
Kim
Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
Ik Yong
IY
Kim
D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D007813:Laparotomy; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
aged 80 years and above; colonic neoplasms; laparoscopy; laparotomy; rectal neoplasms