Digital image classification with the help of artificial neural network by simple histogram.
BACKGROUND
Visual image classification is a great challenge to the cytopathologist in routine day-to-day work. Artificial neural network (ANN) may be helpful in this matter.


OBJECTIVE
In this study, we have tried to classify digital images of malignant and benign cells in effusion cytology smear with the help of simple histogram data and ANN.


METHODS
A total of 404 digital images consisting of 168 benign cells and 236 malignant cells were selected for this study. The simple histogram data was extracted from these digital images and an ANN was constructed with the help of Neurointelligence software [Alyuda Neurointelligence 2.2 (577), Cupertino, California, USA]. The network architecture was 6-3-1. The images were classified as training set (281), validation set (63), and test set (60). The on-line backpropagation training algorithm was used for this study.


RESULTS
A total of 10,000 iterations were done to train the ANN system with the speed of 609.81/s. After the adequate training of this ANN model, the system was able to identify all 34 malignant cell images and 24 out of 26 benign cells.


CONCLUSIONS
The ANN model can be used for the identification of the individual malignant cells with the help of simple histogram data. This study will be helpful in the future to identify malignant cells in unknown situations.
Department of Cytopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab and Haryana, India.
Pranab
P
Dey
Department of Cytopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab and Haryana, India.
Nirmalya
N
Banerjee
Department of Cytopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab and Haryana, India.
Rajwant
R
Kaur
Artificial neural network (ANN); cytology; effusion; image