Prevalence, risk factors and molecular characterization of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in five provinces of Northern China.
The disease microsporidiosis is found worldwide and is mainly caused by Enterocytozoon bieneusi. E. bieneusi can infect a wide range of hosts; however, information regarding the prevalence and genotyping of E. bieneusi infection in raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) is limited. Therefore, in 2015, we examined 305 faecel samples from 80 farmed raccoon dogs in Jilin Province, from 54 in Hebei Province, from 72 in Liaoning Province, from 29 in Shandong Province, and from 40 in Heilongjiang Province. The overall prevalence of E. bieneusi infection in farmed raccoon dogs was 22.30%. Logistic regression analysis suggests that age, gender and region of raccoon dogs were highly related to the prevalence of E. bieneusi infection. Moreover, six E. bieneusi internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequences, including four known genotypes, namely D, CHN-DC1, NCF2, and CHN-F1, and two novel genotypes (NCR1 and NCR2), were identified in the present study. The present study firstly indicated the existence of E. bieneusi genotypes NCF2, NCR1, NCR2and CHN-F1 in infected raccoon dogs in Northern China. Integrated control strategies should be implemented to limit E. bieneusi infection in farmed raccoon dogs, and to prevent transmission of this disease to other animals and humans.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Institute of Special Animals and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun Jilin Province 130112, PR China.
Chao
C
Xu
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730046, PR China.
Xusheng
X
Ma
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Institute of Special Animals and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun Jilin Province 130112, PR China.
Hao
H
Zhang
College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, PR China.
Xiao-Xuan
XX
Zhang
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Institute of Special Animals and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun Jilin Province 130112, PR China.
Jia-Ping
JP
Zhao
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Institute of Special Animals and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun Jilin Province 130112, PR China.
Heng-Xing
HX
Ba
College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, PR China.
Rui-Du
Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology, Institute of Special Animals and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun Jilin Province 130112, PR China.
Xiu Mei
XM
Xing
College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, PR China. Electronic address: quankaiwang1@163.com.
Quan-Kai
QK
Wang
College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, PR China. Electronic address: zhaoquan0825@163.com.
Quan
Q
Zhao
D000818:Animals; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004285:Dogs; D021862:Enterocytozoon / Q000235:genetics*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005838:Genotype; D016881:Microsporidiosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D046031:Raccoon Dogs / Q000382:microbiology*; D012307:Risk Factors
China; Enterocytozoon bieneusi; Genotyping; Prevalence; Raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides)