Antimicrobial and Physicochemical Characterization of Biodegradable, Nitric Oxide-Releasing Nanocellulose-Chitosan Packaging Membranes.
Biodegradable composite membranes with antimicrobial properties consisting of nanocellulose fibrils (CNFs), chitosan, and S-nitroso-N-acetyl-d-penicillamine (SNAP) were developed and tested for food packaging applications. As a nitric oxide donor, SNAP was encapsulated into completely dispersed chitosan in 100 mL of 0.1 N acetic acid and was thoroughly mixed with CNFs to produce a composite membrane. The fabricated membranes had a uniform dispersion of chitosan and SNAP within the CNFs, which was confirmed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs and a chemiluminescence nitric oxide analyzer. The membranes prepared without SNAP showed lower water vapor permeability than that of the membranes with SNAP. The addition of SNAP resulted in a decrease in Young's modulus for both two- and three-layer membrane configurations. Antimicrobial property evaluation of SNAP-incorporated membranes showed an effective zone of inhibition against bacterial strains of Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes and demonstrated its potential applications for food packaging.
College of Engineering, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States.
Jaya
J
Sundaram
College of Engineering, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States.
Jitendra
J
Pant
College of Engineering, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States.
Marcus J
MJ
Goudie
College of Engineering, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States.
Sudhagar
S
Mani
College of Engineering, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States.
Hitesh
H
Handa
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D018857:Food Packaging / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005524:Food Technology; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000187:drug effects; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002482:Cellulose; D048271:Chitosan
SNAP; antimicrobial; biodegradable; chitosan; nanocellulose fibrils; nitric oxide; packaging membranes; zone of inhibition