Touch-free measurement of body temperature using close-up thermography of the ocular surface.
In experimental animal research body temperature (BT) is measured for the objective determination of an animals' physiological condition. Invasive, probe-based measurements are stressful and can influence experimental outcome. Alternatively BT can be determined touch-free from the emitted heat of the organism at a single spot using infrared thermometers [1]. To get visual confirmation and find more appropriate surfaces for measurement a hand-held thermal imager was equipped with a self-made, cheap, 3D-printable close-up lens system that reproducibly creates eight-time magnified thermal images and improves sensitivity. This setup was used to establish ocular surface temperature (OST), representing the temperature of the brain-heart axis, as a touch-free alternative for measurement of BT in mice, rats, rabbits and humans.OST measurement after isoflurane exposure and myocardial infarction (MI) experiments in mice revealed high physiological relevance and sensitivity, the possibility to discriminate between MI and sham operations in one hour and even long-term outcome-predictive capabilities of OST after MI. Summarized here we present: •Self-made close-up lens for thermal imaging cameras for eight-time magnification•Establishment of OST for touch-free determination of BT in rodents and humans•Short- and long-term predictive capabilities of OST in experimental MI in mice.
Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHCF), University Clinics of Würzburg, Germany; Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine, University of Würzburg, Germany.
Benjamin
B
Vogel
Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine, University of Würzburg, Germany.
Heike
H
Wagner
Department of Internal Medicine I, University Clinics of Würzburg, Germany.
Johanna
J
Gmoser
Department of Internal Medicine I, University Clinics of Würzburg, Germany.
Anja
A
Wörner
Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Clinics of Würzburg, Germany.
Anna
A
Löschberger
Department of Internal Medicine I, University Clinics of Würzburg, Germany.
Laura
L
Peters
Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHCF), University Clinics of Würzburg, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Clinics of Würzburg, Germany.
Anna
A
Frey
Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHCF), University Clinics of Würzburg, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Clinics of Würzburg, Germany; Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, University Clinics of Halle (Saale), Halle (Saale), Germany.
Ulrich
U
Hofmann
Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin III, University Clinics of Halle (Saale), Halle (Saale), Germany.
Stefan
S
Frantz
BT, Body temperature; Close-up thermal imager for temperature measurement and detail investigations; LAD, left anterior descending artery; MI, myocardial infarction; OST, Ocular surface temperature; Thermography; body temperature; myocardial infarction; ocular surface temperature; rOSTd, relative ocular surface temperature decline