Cytomegalovirus-negative kidney transplant recipients are at an increased risk for malignancy after kidney transplantation.
The effect of cytomegalovirus (CMV) serology status on malignancy risk in kidney transplanted patients is not clear yet.



In a nested case-control study, CMV serology status was compared between patients with a malignancy and 2:1 matched control patients without a malignancy. In a cohort study, the hazard of malignancy was compared between patients that were CMV-negative but had a CMV-positive donor and other patients, using Cox analysis.



Fifty-two of 599 patients transplanted in our center between 2001 and 2014 developed a malignancy. Nine (17.3%) of the 52 patients that developed cancer were CMV-negative but had a-CMV-positive donor compared with 6 (5.8%) of the 104 matched control patients (odd ratio 3.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15-10.2, P=.021). By univariate Cox model, there was a trend toward increased cancer risk in CMV-negative patients with a positive donor (hazard ratio [HR] 1.95, 95% CI 0.95-4.0, P=.07), but after adjusting for multiple covariates, CMV-negative status was significantly associated with increased risk of cancer (HR 2.55, 95% CI 1.23-5.26; P=.012).



CMV-negative patients that had a CMV-positive donor were found to have a higher risk of malignancy after kidney transplantation.
Department of Nephrology, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel.
Benaya
B
Rozen-Zvi
Department of Nephrology, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel.
Shelly
S
Lichtenberg
Department of Nephrology, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel.|Department of Internal Medicine E, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel.
Hefziba
H
Green
Department of Internal Medicine D, Rabin Medical Center-Hasharon Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel.
Ori
O
Cohen
Department of Nephrology, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel.
Avry
A
Chagnac
Department of Transplantation, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel.
Eytan
E
Mor
Department of Nephrology, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel. rutir@clalit.org.il.|Department of Transplantation, Rabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel. rutir@clalit.org.il.
Ruth
R
Rahamimov
D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000276:immunology*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007557:Israel / Q000453:epidemiology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D066027:Transplant Recipients
D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies
cytomegalovirus; kidney transplantation; malignancy