Molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolates causing skin and soft tissue infections in patients from Malakand, Pakistan.
Comparatively few studies have been published describing Staphylococcus aureus/MRSA epidemiology in Central Asia including Pakistan. Here, we report the genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus strains (that include both methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) from community- and hospital-acquired skin and soft-tissue infections in a tertiary care hospital in the Malakand district of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. Forty-five isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were characterized by microarray hybridization. Twenty isolates (44 %) were MRSA, whereas 22 (49 %) were PVL-positive. Fourteen isolates (31 %) harboured both mecA and PVL genes. The dominant clones were CC121-MSSA (n = 15, 33 %) and the PVL-positive "Bengal Bay Clone" (ST772-MRSA-V; n = 13, 29 %). The PVL-positive CC8-MRSA-IV strain "USA300" was found once. The pandemic ST239-MRSA-III strain was absent, although it has previously been observed in Pakistan. These observations require a re-assessment of schemes for initial antibiotic therapy to cover MRSA and they emphasise the need for a rapid and non-molecular test for PVL.
Alere Technologies GmbH, Jena, Germany.|InfectoGnostics Research Campus, Jena, Germany.
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S
Madzgalla
Infectious Diseases Research Group, Department of Microbiology, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan.
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MA
Syed
Infectious Diseases Research Group, Department of Microbiology, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan.
M A
MA
Khan
Infectious Diseases Research Group, Department of Microbiology, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan.
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Rehman
Alere Technologies GmbH, Jena, Germany.|InfectoGnostics Research Campus, Jena, Germany.
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E
Müller
Alere Technologies GmbH, Jena, Germany.|InfectoGnostics Research Campus, Jena, Germany.
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A
Reissig
Alere Technologies GmbH, Jena, Germany.|InfectoGnostics Research Campus, Jena, Germany.
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R
Ehricht
Alere Technologies GmbH, Jena, Germany. monecke@rocketmail.com.|Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. monecke@rocketmail.com.|InfectoGnostics Research Campus, Jena, Germany. monecke@rocketmail.com.
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Monecke
D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000235:genetics; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D005098:Exotoxins / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D006801:Humans; D007956:Leukocidins / Q000235:genetics; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D046915:Penicillin-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018461:Soft Tissue Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D013207:Staphylococcal Skin Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D005098:Exotoxins; D007956:Leukocidins; C078284:Panton-Valentine leukocidin; D046915:Penicillin-Binding Proteins; C487789:mecA protein, Staphylococcus aureus