Golgi-localized STELLO proteins regulate the assembly and trafficking of cellulose synthase complexes in Arabidopsis.
As the most abundant biopolymer on Earth, cellulose is a key structural component of the plant cell wall. Cellulose is produced at the plasma membrane by cellulose synthase (CesA) complexes (CSCs), which are assembled in the endomembrane system and trafficked to the plasma membrane. While several proteins that affect CesA activity have been identified, components that regulate CSC assembly and trafficking remain unknown. Here we show that STELLO1 and 2 are Golgi-localized proteins that can interact with CesAs and control cellulose quantity. In the absence of STELLO function, the spatial distribution within the Golgi, secretion and activity of the CSCs are impaired indicating a central role of the STELLO proteins in CSC assembly. Point mutations in the predicted catalytic domains of the STELLO proteins indicate that they are glycosyltransferases facing the Golgi lumen. Hence, we have uncovered proteins that regulate CSC assembly in the plant Golgi apparatus.
Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
Yi
Y
Zhang
Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK.
Nino
0000-0002-5136-9161
N
Nikolovski
Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK.
Mathias
M
Sorieul
Energy Biosciences Institute, and Plant and Microbial Biology Department, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Tamara
0000-0001-8056-2828
T
Vellosillo
School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Heather E
HE
McFarlane
Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
Ray
R
Dupree
School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Christopher
C
Kesten
School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
René
R
Schneider
Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, São Paulo CEP 13083-970, Brazil.
Carlos
0000-0002-4794-3714
C
Driemeier
Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
Rahul
R
Lathe
School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.|ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Edwin
E
Lampugnani
Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK.
Xiaolan
X
Yu
School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Alexander
A
Ivakov
School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.|ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Monika S
MS
Doblin
Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK.
Jenny C
JC
Mortimer
Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
Steven P
SP
Brown
Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.|School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.|ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls, School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
Staffan
S
Persson
Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK.
Paul
0000-0001-9270-6286
P
Dupree
D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005964:Glucosyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D016695:Glycosyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000201:enzymology*; D010641:Phenotype
D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D002482:Cellulose; D016695:Glycosyltransferases; C000628287:STELLO1 protein, Arabidopsis; C000628286:STELLO2 protein, Arabidopsis; D005964:Glucosyltransferases; C478648:cellulose synthase