Oxidative stress and altered expression of peroxiredoxin genes family (PRDXS) and sulfiredoxin-1 (SRXN1) in human lung tissue following exposure to sulfur mustard.
Sulfur mustard (SM) is a potent and mutagenic agent that targets human lung tissue.



The purpose of this investigation is to characterize the expression of sulfiredoxin-1 (SRXN1) and peroxiredoxin (PRDXs) genes and oxidative stress (OS) status in human lung after exposure to SM.



Lung biopsy specimens bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids were provided from SM-exposed patients (n = 6) and controls (n = 5). Changes in gene expression were measured using RT(2) Profiler PCR Array. OS was considered by measuring BAL fluid levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyls (PC).



Mean of MDA and PC values in BAL fluid of patients (0.6467 ± 0.05922 nmol/l and 1.391 ± 0.421 nmol/mg, respectively) was higher than in controls (0.486 ± 0.04615 nmol/l and 0.949 ± 0.149 nmol/mg, respectively). Expression of all examined genes was in the order PRDX1> PRDX3> PRDX6> SRXN1> PRDX2> PRDX4> PRDX5. Among the most upregulated genes was the PRDX1, which was overexpressed by 10.1029-fold (p = 0.000634). SM-exposed individuals demonstrated expression of PRDX3 4.6231 (p = 0.000134), PRDX6 3.4964 (p = 0.001102), SRXN1 3.3719 (p < 0.0001) and PRDX2 2.7725-folds (p = 0.000383) higher than those of controls that reveal.



Upregulation of PRDXs and SRXN1 genes may be because of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and OS in lung tissue of patients after SM exposure. Expression of SRXN1 and PRDXNs genes, especially I, II, III, and VI is increased in SM-injured lungs, suggesting the induction of cellular responses to increased production of ROS and OS in lung of the patients. Therefore, sulfiredoxin and peroxiredoxins can be targeted as biomarkers of OS in these patients.
a Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
Eisa
E
Tahmasbpour Marzony
a Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
Mostafa
M
Ghanei
a Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
Yunes
Y
Panahi
D001706:Biopsy; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009151:Mustard Gas / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D050862:Oxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group Donors / Q000235:genetics*; D054464:Peroxiredoxins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D050050:Protein Carbonylation / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D008315:Malondialdehyde; C515940:PRDX1 protein, human; D054464:Peroxiredoxins; D050862:Oxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group Donors; C504024:SRXN1 protein, human; D009151:Mustard Gas
lung; malondialdehyde; oxidative stress; peroxiredoxins; protein carbonyl; sulfiredoxin-1; sulfur mustard