Three-Dimensional Polydopamine Functionalized Coiled Microfibrous Scaffolds Enhance Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Colonization and Mild Myofibroblastic Differentiation.
Electrospinning has been widely applied for tissue engineering due to its versatility of fabricating extracellular matrix (ECM) mimicking fibrillar scaffolds. Yet there are still challenges such as that these two-dimensional (2D) tightly packed, hydrophobic fibers often hinder cell infiltration and cell-scaffold integration. In this study, polycaprolactone (PCL) was electrospun into a grounded coagulation bath collector, resulting in 3D coiled microfibers with in situ surface functionalization with hydrophilic, catecholic polydopamine (pDA). The 3D scaffolds showed biocompatibility and were well-integrated with human bone marrow derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), with significantly higher cell penetration depth compared to that of the 2D PCL microfibers from traditional electrospinning. Further differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) into fibroblast phenotype in vitro indicates that, compared to the stiff, tightly packed, 2D scaffolds which aggravated myofibroblasts related activities, such as upregulated gene and protein expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), 3D scaffolds induced milder myofibroblastic differentiation. The flexible 3D fibers further allowed contraction with the well-integrated, mechanically active myofibroblasts, monitored under live-cell imaging, whereas the stiff 2D scaffolds restricted that.
Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Mehmet Berat
MB
Taskin
Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Ruodan
R
Xu
Department of Engineering, Aarhus University , DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Hans
H
Gregersen
Department of Engineering, Aarhus University , DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Jens Vinge
JV
Nygaard
Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Flemming
F
Besenbacher
Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.|Department of Engineering, Aarhus University , DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Menglin
M
Chen
D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry
D007211:Indoles; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; C568283:polydopamine
3D; hMSC; myofibroblasts; polydopamine; wet electrospinning