Comparative analysis of carbohydrate residues in the midgut of phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) from colony and field populations from Amazon, Brazil.
Leishmaniasis are worldwide diseases that occur in 98 countries including Brazil, transmitted by the bite of female phlebotomines during blood feeding. In Brazil it is known that some species of sand flies as Lutzomyia longipalpis sensun latum (vector of Leishmania infantum chagasi), Lutzomyia flaviscutellata (vector of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis) and Lutzomyia antunesi [suspected vector of Leishmania (Viannia) lindenbergi] are incriminated of transmitting the parasite Leishmania for the vertebrate host. The phlebotomine-parasite is mediated by the attachment of the promastigote lipophosphoglycan (LPG) to the midgut epithelium. However, another mechanism that is LPG-independent and mediated by N-acetyl-galactosamine (GalNAc) seems to occur in some species of phlebotomines that are classified as permissive. The aim of this study was to characterize the carbohydrate residues that, probably, play a role in parasite attachment to the midgut of phlebotomine from colony and field populations from the Brazilian Amazonian region. We observed the presence of GalNAc, mannose, galactose and GlcNAc in all phlebotomine species. A binding assay between L. (L.) amazonensis and L. i.chagasi to the midguts of different species of phlebotomines was performed. The attachment of both Leishmania and vector species suggests the presence of GalNAc on the midgut surfaces. Thus, these results suggested that GalNAc is a possible binding sites of Leishmania in sand flies from the Brazilian Amazonian region.
Laboratory of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, 66075-900, Brazil; Laboratory of Structural Biology, Belém, Pará, 66075-900, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
Davi Marcos Souza
DM
de Oliveira
Laboratory of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, 66075-900, Brazil; Laboratory of Structural Biology, Belém, Pará, 66075-900, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil.
Bruno José Martins
BJ
da Silva
Laboratory of Structural Biology, Belém, Pará, 66075-900, Brazil.
Chubert Bernardo Castro
CB
de Sena
Laboratory of Leishmaniasis 'Prof Dr. Ralph Lainson', Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil.
José Aprígio Nunes
JA
Lima
Laboratory of Leishmaniasis 'Prof Dr. Ralph Lainson', Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil.
Thiago
T
Vasconcelos Dos Santos
Laboratory of Leishmaniasis 'Prof Dr. Ralph Lainson', Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Pará, 67030-000, Brazil; Tropical Medicine Nucleus, Federal University of Pará, Bélem, Pará, 66055-240, Brazil.
Fernando Tobias
FT
Silveira
Laboratory of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, 66075-900, Brazil; Laboratory of Structural Biology, Belém, Pará, 66075-900, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Structural Biology and Bioimaging, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil. Electronic address: edilene@ufpa.br.
Edilene Oliveira
EO
Silva
D000116:Acetylgalactosamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005690:Galactose / Q000378:metabolism; D006001:Glycoconjugates / Q000378:metabolism*; D006028:Glycosphingolipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D007891:Leishmania / Q000502:physiology*; D008358:Mannose / Q000378:metabolism; D011576:Psychodidae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000502:physiology
D002241:Carbohydrates; D006001:Glycoconjugates; D006028:Glycosphingolipids; C008290:lipophosphonoglycan; D000116:Acetylgalactosamine; D008358:Mannose; D000117:Acetylglucosamine; D005690:Galactose
Glycoconjugates; Host-parasite interaction; Lectin; Leishmania; Midgut surface; Psychodidae