Determination of Acyclovir in Human Plasma Samples by HPLC Method with UV Detection: Application to Single-Dose Pharmacokinetic Study.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study is estimation of pharmacokinetic parameters: Cmax, tmax, t1/2, AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ with the two-way analysis of variance, single observation (ANOVA) for two preparations containing acyclovir.


OBJECTIVE
In order to evaluate pharmacokinetic study of acyclovir, method for quantitative determination of acyclovir in human plasma should be simple, rapid and reproducible. Therefore, the method is developed, validated and applied for analysis of acyclovir in plasma samples obtained from healthy volunteers.


METHODS
High performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method with UV-detection for the determination of acyclovir in human plasma is presented. This method involves protein precipitation with 20 % (V/V) perchloric acid. The chromatographic separation was accomplished on a reversed phase C8 column with a mobile phase composed of 0.1 % (V/V) triethylamine in water (pH 2.5). No internal standard is required. UV detection was set at 255 nm. The method was successfully applied for the evaluation of pharmacokinetic profiles of acyclovir tablets in 24 healthy volunteers.


RESULTS
The validation results shows that proposed method is rugged, precise (RSDs for intra- and inter-day precision ranged from 1.02 to 8.37 %) and accurate (relative errors are less than 6.66 %). The calibration curve was linear in the concentration range of 0.1-2.0 µg/ml and the limit of quantification was 0.1 µg/ml. The Cmax, tmax and AUCs for the two products were not statistically different (p>0.05), suggesting that the plasma profiles generated by Zovirax were comparable to those produced by acyclovir manufactured by Jaka 80 company.


CONCLUSIONS
Good precision, accuracy, simplicity, sensitivity and shorter time of analysis of the method makes it particularly useful for processing of multiple samples in a limited period of time for pharmacokinetic study of acyclovir.
Institute of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, 50 Divizija 16, 1109 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
Dragica
D
Zendelovska
Institute of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, 50 Divizija 16, 1109 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
Suzana
S
Simeska
Institute of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, 50 Divizija 16, 1109 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
Emilija
E
Atanasovska
Institute of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, 50 Divizija 16, 1109 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
Kalina
K
Georgievska
Institute of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, 50 Divizija 16, 1109 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
Igor
I
Kikerkov
Institute of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, 50 Divizija 16, 1109 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
Nikola
N
Labachevski
Institute of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, 50 Divizija 16, 1109 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
Krume
K
Jakovski
Institute of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, 50 Divizija 16, 1109 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
Trajan
T
Balkanov
HPLC; Zovirax; acyclovir; human plasma; pharmacokinetic study