[Shuttling from the extracellular matrix to the nucleus].
Several enzymes secreted in the extracellular space, such as matrix metalloproteinases and lysyl oxidase, are internalized and translocated to the nucleus, where they may act as proteases and transcription factors to regulate gene expression and enhance apoptosis. Membrane proteoglycan syndecans, glycosaminoglycans and an anti-angiogenic matricryptin of collagen XVIII have also been identified in the nucleus. The nuclear entry of most extracellular proteins is likely mediated by nuclear localizing sequences. The molecular mechanisms of nuclear import, the physiopathological contexts, which induce it, and the biological roles played in vivo by extracellular proteins and proteoglycans are still underexplored.
Sylvie
S
Ricard-Blum
Frank
F
Gondelaud
D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D021381:Protein Transport
D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins