Controlling protected designation of origin of wine by Raman spectroscopy.
In this paper, a Fourier Transform Raman spectroscopy method, to authenticate the provenience of wine, for food traceability applications was developed. In particular, due to the specific chemical fingerprint of the Raman spectrum, it was possible to discriminate different wines produced in the Piedmont area (North West Italy) in accordance with i) grape varieties, ii) production area and iii) ageing time. In order to create a consistent training set, more than 300 samples from tens of different producers were analyzed, and a chemometric treatment of raw spectra was applied. A discriminant analysis method was employed in the classification procedures, providing a classification capability (percentage of correct answers) of 90% for validation of grape analysis and geographical area provenance, and a classification capability of 84% for ageing time classification. The present methodology was applied successfully to raw materials without any preliminary treatment of the sample, providing a response in a very short time.
Department of Drug Science and Technology, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Giuria 9, 10125 Torino, Italy; Quality of life Division, Food Metrology Program, Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino, Italy. Electronic address: l.mandrile@inrim.it.
Luisa
L
Mandrile
Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari (DISAFA) - Microbiologia agraria e Tecnologie alimentari, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy. Electronic address: giuseppe.zeppa@unito.it.
Giuseppe
G
Zeppa
Quality of life Division, Food Metrology Program, Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino, Italy. Electronic address: a.giovannozzi@inrim.it.
Andrea Mario
AM
Giovannozzi
Quality of life Division, Food Metrology Program, Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino, Italy. Electronic address: a.rossi@inrim.it.
Andrea Mario
AM
Rossi
D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D061353:Food Storage / Q000592:standards; D005843:Geography; D007558:Italy; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
Chemometrics; Fingerprint; Food traceability; Raman spectroscopy; Wine