Incidence and Mortality of Colorectal Cancer and Relationships with the Human Development Index across the World.
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to investigate the standardized incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer and its relationship with the human development index (HDI) across the world in 2012.


METHODS
This ecologic study was conducted for assessment of the correlation between age-specific incidence rate (ASIR) and age-specific mortality rate (ASMR) with HDI and its components. Data for SIR and SMR for every country for the year 2012 were obtained from the global cancer project. We used a bivariate method for assessment of the correlation between SIR and SMR and HDI. Statistical significance was assumed at <0.05. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (Version 22.0, SPSS Inc.).


RESULTS
Countries with the highest SIR of colorectal cancer in the world in 2012, were Republic of Korea, Slovakia, Hungary and countries with the highest SMR were Hungary, Croatia and Slovakia. The correlation between SIR of colorectal cancer and the HDI was 0.712 (P≤0.001), with life expectancy at birth 0.513 (P≤0.001), with mean years of schooling 0.641 (P≤0.001) and with level of income per each person of the population 0.514 (P=0.013). In addition, the correlation between SMR of colorectal cancer and the HDI was 0.628 (P≤0.001), with life expectancy at birth 0.469 (P≤0.001), with mean years of schooling 0.592 (P≤0.001) and with level of income per each person of the population 0.378 (P=0.013).


CONCLUSIONS
The highest SIR and SMR of colorectal cancer was in the WHO Europe region. There was a positive correlation between HDI and SIR and SMR of colorectal cancer.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran E-mail : alesaleh70@yahoo.com.
Hosein
H
Rafiemanesh
Abdollah
A
Mohammadian-Hafshejani
Mahshid
M
Ghoncheh
Zahra
Z
Sepehri
Reza
R
Shamlou
Hamid
H
Salehiniya
Farhad
F
Towhidi
Behnam Reza
BR
Makhsosi
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D014943:Global Health; D006803:Human Development; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008017:Life Expectancy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D015996:Survival Rate; D055815:Young Adult