The EANM practice guidelines for bone scintigraphy.
OBJECTIVE
The radionuclide bone scan is the cornerstone of skeletal nuclear medicine imaging. Bone scintigraphy is a highly sensitive diagnostic nuclear medicine imaging technique that uses a radiotracer to evaluate the distribution of active bone formation in the skeleton related to malignant and benign disease, as well as physiological processes.


METHODS
The European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) has written and approved these guidelines to promote the use of nuclear medicine procedures of high quality.


CONCLUSIONS
The present guidelines offer assistance to nuclear medicine practitioners in optimizing the diagnostic procedure and interpreting bone scintigraphy. These guidelines describe the protocols that are currently accepted and used routinely, but do not include all existing procedures. They should therefore not be taken as exclusive of other nuclear medicine modalities that can be used to obtain comparable results. It is important to remember that the resources and facilities available for patient care may vary.
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium.|Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium.
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Van den Wyngaert
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Lucerne Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland.
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Strobel
Nuclear Medicine Spitalerhof, Spitalerstraße 8, 20095, Hamburg, Germany.
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WU
Kampen
Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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Kuwert
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Slingeland Hospital, Doetinchem, The Netherlands.
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van der Bruggen
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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Mohan
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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Gnanasegaran
Department of Diagnostic Imaging (Radiology) and Nuclear Medicine, San Pedro Hospital and Centre for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), University of La Rioja, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
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Delgado-Bolton
Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Weber
PET-CT Center Linz, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Seilerstaette 4, 4020, Linz, Austria.
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Beheshti
PET-CT Center Linz, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Seilerstaette 4, 4020, Linz, Austria.
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Langsteger
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon, Lyon, France.
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Giammarile
Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.|Department of Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Mottaghy
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 2 rue Ambroise Paré, 75010, Paris, France. frederic.paycha@aphp.fr.
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Paycha
D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D009683:Nuclear Medicine; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011247:Pregnancy; D011786:Quality Control; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D012449:Safety; D012955:Societies, Medical
D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals
Bone SPECT/CT; Bone disease; Bone scan; Bone scintigraphy