A study by (1)H NMR on the influence of some factors affecting lipid in vitro digestion.
This article focuses on the impact of several experimental factors, including gastric acidification, intestinal transit time, presence of gastric lipase, sample/digestive fluids ratio, concentration and nature of the enzymes in intestinal juice, and bile concentration, on the extent of in vitro lipolysis when using a static model that simulates human digestion processes in mouth, stomach and small intestine. The study was carried out by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ((1)H NMR). This technique provides a complete molecular picture of lipolysis, evidencing for the first time, whether preferential hydrolysis of certain glycerides over others occurs. A lipolysis degree similar to that reported in vivo was reached by varying certain variables within a physiological range; among them, bile concentration was found to be crucial. The holistic view of this (1)H NMR study provides information of paramount importance to design sound in vitro digestion models to determine the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of lipophilic compounds.
Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad n° 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
Bárbara
B
Nieva-Echevarría
Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad n° 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
Encarnación
E
Goicoechea
Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad n° 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain.
María J
MJ
Manzanos
Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad n° 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain. Electronic address: mariadolores.guillen@ehu.eus.
María D
MD
Guillén
D001682:Biological Availability; D004063:Digestion / Q000502:physiology*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*
D008055:Lipids
(1)H NMR; Ammonium chloride (PubChem CID: 25517); Bile salts; Fish lipids; Glucosamine hydrochloride (PubChem CID: 2830832); Glucose (PubChem CID: 5793); Glucuronic acid (PubChem CID: 94715); Glycerol (PubChem CID: 753); In vitro digestion; Lipolysis; Monosodium phosphate (PubChem CID: 23672064); Sodium bicarbonate (PubChem CID: 516892); Sodium sulfate (Pubchem CID: 24436); Urea (PubChem CID: 1176); Uric acid (PubChem CID: 1175)