Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation Is Independent of De Novo Gene Expression.
Neutrophils are essential innate immune cells whose responses are crucial in the clearance of invading pathogens. Neutrophils can respond to infection by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are formed of chromatin and specific granular proteins and are released after execution of a poorly characterized cell death pathway. Here, we show that NET formation induced by PMA or Candida albicans is independent of RNA polymerase II and III-mediated transcription as well as of protein synthesis. Thus, neutrophils contain all the factors required for NET formation when they emerge from the bone marrow as differentiated cells.
Department of Cellular Microbiology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany.
Gabriel
G
Sollberger
Department of Cellular Microbiology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany.
Borko
B
Amulic
Department of Cellular Microbiology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany.
Arturo
A
Zychlinsky
D000818:Animals; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000276:immunology; D054405:Chemokine CCL3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D065206:Extracellular Traps / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D012320:RNA Polymerase III / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000276:immunology; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D005419:Flavonoids; D016209:Interleukin-8; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010880:Piperidines; D003609:Dactinomycin; C077990:alvocidib; D003513:Cycloheximide; D012319:RNA Polymerase II; D012320:RNA Polymerase III; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate