Scaling laws in earthquake occurrence: Disorder, viscosity, and finite size effects in Olami-Feder-Christensen models.
The relation between seismic moment and fractured area is crucial to earthquake hazard analysis. Experimental catalogs show multiple scaling behaviors, with some controversy concerning the exponent value in the large earthquake regime. Here, we show that the original Olami, Feder, and Christensen model does not capture experimental findings. Taking into account heterogeneous friction, the viscoelastic nature of faults, together with finite size effects, we are able to reproduce the different scaling regimes of field observations. We provide an explanation for the origin of the two crossovers between scaling regimes, which are shown to be controlled both by the geometry and the bulk dynamics.
The Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics, Strada Costiera 11, 34014 Trieste, Italy.
François P
FP
Landes
Department of Mathematics and Physics, Second University of Naples, Viale Lincoln 5, 81100 Caserta, Italy.
E
E
Lippiello