Accuracy of WAAS-Enabled GPS-RF Warning Signals When Crossing a Terrestrial Geofence.
Geofences are virtual boundaries based on geographic coordinates. When combined with global position system (GPS), or more generally global navigation satellite system (GNSS) transmitters, geofences provide a powerful tool for monitoring the location and movements of objects of interest through proximity alarms. However, the accuracy of geofence alarms in GNSS-radio frequency (GNSS-RF) transmitter receiver systems has not been tested. To achieve these goals, a cart with a GNSS-RF locator was run on a straight path in a balanced factorial experiment with three levels of cart speed, three angles of geofence intersection, three receiver distances from the track, and three replicates. Locator speed, receiver distance and geofence intersection angle all affected geofence alarm accuracy in an analysis of variance (p = 0.013, p = 2.58 × 10(-8), and p = 0.0006, respectively), as did all treatment interactions (p < 0.0001). Slower locator speed, acute geofence intersection angle, and closest receiver distance were associated with reduced accuracy of geofence alerts.
Department of Forest, Rangeland and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive, Moscow, ID 83844-1133, USA. gray7728@vandals.uidaho.edu.
Lindsay M
LM
Grayson
Department of Forest, Rangeland and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive, Moscow, ID 83844-1133, USA. robk@uidaho.edu.
Robert F
RF
Keefe
Department of Forest and Rangeland Stewardship, Colorado State University, 1472 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA. wade.tinkham@colostate.edu.
Wade T
WT
Tinkham
Department of Forest, Rangeland and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive, Moscow, ID 83844-1133, USA. jeitel@uidaho.edu.
Jan U H
JU
Eitel
Department of Forest Management, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812, USA. jarred.saralecos@umontana.edu.
Jarred D
JD
Saralecos
Department of Forest, Rangeland and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive, Moscow, ID 83844-1133, USA. alistair@uidaho.edu.
Alistair M S
AM
Smith
Department of Forest, Rangeland and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive, Moscow, ID 83844-1133, USA. eloisez@uidaho.edu.
Eloise G
EG
Zimbelman
GNSS; GNSS-RF; GPS-RF; geofence; position, navigation and timing; real-time GPS; virtual fence