Apoprotein C-III: A review of its clinical implications.
Apoprotein C-III (apoC-III), originating from the apoA-I/C-III/A-IV gene cluster affected by multiple regulating factors, has been demonstrated to have a validated link with hypertriglyceridemia in humans. Following genome studies establishing the impact of apoC-III on both plasma triglyceride (TG) level and cardiovascular disease (CVD), apoC-III offers us a novel explanation attempting to resolve the long-existing confusion with regard to the atherogenic effect of TG. Notably, apoC-III exerts its atherogenic effect by means of not only intervening in the function and metabolism of various lipid molecules, but also accelerating pro-inflammatory effects between monocytes and endothelial cells. Data have suggested that diabetes, a common endocrine disease, also correlates closely with apoC-III in its apoptosis process of islet βcells. In fact, apoC-III genes, with various mutations among individuals, are also found to have relevance to other diseases, including fatty liver disease. Fortunately, besides present day therapeutic strategies, such as lifestyle changes and lipid-lowering drug treatments, a promising new antisense drug specifically targeting on apoC-III gene expression opens up new avenues. This article mainly summarizes the clinical implication of apoC-III and its future directions of treatment.
Division of Dyslipidemia, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 167 Bei Li Shi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China. Electronic address: lijianjun938@126.com.
Jing-Lu
JL
Jin
Division of Dyslipidemia, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 167 Bei Li Shi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China. Electronic address: dr.guofw@gmail.com.
Yuan-Lin
YL
Guo
Division of Dyslipidemia, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No 167 Bei Li Shi Road, Xi Cheng District, Beijing 100037, China. Electronic address: lijianjun938@126.com.
Jian-Jun
JJ
Li
D016375:Antisense Elements (Genetics) / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053305:Apolipoprotein C-III / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D004198:Disease Susceptibility / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans
D016375:Antisense Elements (Genetics); D053305:Apolipoprotein C-III
ApoC-III; Atherosclerosis; Intervention; Review