The prevalence and predictive factors of urinary tract infection in patients undergoing renal transplantation: A meta-analysis.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the main cause of infectious complications in renal transplant (RTx) recipients and are considered as a potential risk factor for poorer graft outcomes. However, the risk factors of UTIs are controversial. We estimated the incidence and predisposing factors of UTIs in patients undergoing RTx.



Seventeen studies (6,671 patients) evaluated the prevalence and the risk factors of UTIs in patients with RTx published January 2000-October 2014 were included. The data were pooled using the fixed effect model or DerSimonian-Laird random effect model according to I2.



Thirteen eligible articles with a total of 3,364 patients were evaluated and the pooled prevalence of UTIs was 38.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 29%-47%; P < .01). The estimated risk factors for UTI include female sex (odds ratio [OR], 3.11; 95% CI, 2.10-4.13), older age (OR, 1.032; 95% CI, 1.01-1.04), duration of catheter (OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.03-2.03), acute rejection episodes (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.11-2.41), and receiving a kidney from a deceased donor (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.09-1.52).



More than one-third of RTx patients had at least 1 UTI after surgery. Female sex, older age of the recipient, long duration of catheter, acute rejection episodes, and cadaveric donor were associated with higher risk of UTI.
Division of Hospital Infection Management, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China; School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
Xiaohui
X
Wu
Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
Yanyan
Y
Dong
School of Nursing, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
Yunhong
Y
Liu
Department of Intensive Care, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
Yingxia
Y
Li
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
Yu
Y
Sun
Department of Neonatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
Jingna
J
Wang
Division of Hospital Infection Management, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China. Electronic address: wangshqlyy@163.com.
Shuihui
S
Wang
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult
Kidney transplant; Preventive measures; Rate; Risk factors