Changes of glycoconjugate expression profiles during early development.
A variety of glycoconjugates, including glycosphingolipids (GSLs), expressed in mammalian tissues and cells were isolated and characterized in early biochemical studies. Later studies of virus-transformed fibroblasts demonstrated the association of GSL expression profiles with cell phenotypes. Changes of GSL expression profile were observed during mammalian embryogenesis. Cell surface molecules expressed on embryos in a stage-specific manner appeared to play key roles in regulation of cell-cell interaction and cell sorting during early development. Many mAbs showing stage-specific reactivity with mouse embryos were shown to recognize carbohydrate epitopes. Among various stage-specific embryonic antigens (SSEAs), SSEA-1 was found to react with neolacto-series GSL Lex, while SSEA-3 and SSEA-4 reacted with globo-series Gb5 and monosialyl-Gb5, respectively. GSL expression during mouse early development was shown to shift rapidly from globo-series to neolacto/lacto-series, and then to ganglio-series. We found that multivalent Lexcaused decompaction of mouse embryos, indicating a functional role of Lexepitope in the compaction process. Autoaggregation of mouse embryonal carcinoma (EC) F9 cells provided a useful model of the compaction process. We showed that Lex-Lexinteraction, a novel type of molecular interavction termed carbohydrate-carbohydrate interaction (CCI), was involved in cell aggregation. Similar shifting of GSL expression profiles from globo-series and neolacto/lacto-series to ganglio-series was observed during differentiation of human EC cells and embryonic stem (ES) cells, reflecting the essential role of cell surface glycoconjugates in early development.
Division of Biomembrane Research, Pacific Northwest Research Institute, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA, 98112, USA.
Kazuko
K
Handa
Division of Biomembrane Research, Pacific Northwest Research Institute, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA, 98112, USA. hakomori@u.washington.edu.|Departments of Pathobiology and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. hakomori@u.washington.edu.
Sen-Itiroh
SI
Hakomori
D000818:Animals; D047108:Embryonic Development; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006028:Glycosphingolipids / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D055746:Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D006028:Glycosphingolipids; D055746:Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigens
Embryogenesis; Embryonal carcinoma; Embryonic stem cell; Glycoconjugate; Glycosphingolipid; Stage-specific embryonic antigen