A review on chitosan-cellulose blends and nanocellulose reinforced chitosan biocomposites: Properties and their applications.
Chitin is one of the most abundant natural polymers in world and it is used for the production of chitosan by deacetylation. Chitosan is antibacterial in nature, non-toxic, and biodegradable thus it can be used for the production of biodegradable film which is a green alternative to commercially available synthetic counterparts. However, their poor mechanical and thermal properties restricted its wide spread applications. Chitosan is highly compatible with other biopolymers thus its blending with cellulose and/or incorporation of nanofiber isolated from cellulose namely cellulose nanofiber and cellulose nanowhiskers are generally useful. Cellulosic fibers in nano scale are attractive reinforcement in chitosan to produce environmental friendly composite films with improved physical properties. Thus chitosan based composites have wide applicability and potential in the field of biomedical, packaging and water treatment. This review summarises properties and preparation procedure of chitosan-cellulose blends and nano size cellulose reinforcement in chitosan bionanocomposites for different applications.
School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia; Science and Engineering Research Centre, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia. Electronic address: akhalilhps@gmail.com.
Abdul Khalil
AK
H P S
School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
Chaturbhuj K
CK
Saurabh
School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Adnan
A
A S
School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
M R
MR
Nurul Fazita
School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
M I
MI
Syakir
School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
Y
Y
Davoudpour
School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
M
M
Rafatullah
School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
C K
CK
Abdullah
School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
M K
MK
M Haafiz
School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Gedung Labtex XI, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia.
R
R
Dungani
D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*
D002482:Cellulose; D048271:Chitosan
Blends; Cellulose nanofibers; Cellulose nanowhiskers; Chitosan; Composites; Polyelectrolyte complex