2D nanomaterials based electrochemical biosensors for cancer diagnosis.
Cancer is a leading cause of death in the world. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that early diagnosis holds the key towards effective treatment outcome. Cancer biomarkers are extensively used in oncology for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Electrochemical sensors play key roles in current laboratory and clinical analysis of diverse chemical and biological targets. Recent development of functional nanomaterials offers new possibilities of improving the performance of electrochemical sensors. In particular, 2D nanomaterials have stimulated intense research due to their unique array of structural and chemical properties. The 2D materials of interest cover broadly across graphene, graphene derivatives (i.e., graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide), and graphene-like nanomaterials (i.e., 2D layered transition metal dichalcogenides, graphite carbon nitride and boron nitride nanomaterials). In this review, we summarize recent advances in the synthesis of 2D nanomaterials and their applications in electrochemical biosensing of cancer biomarkers (nucleic acids, proteins and some small molecules), and present a personal perspective on the future direction of this area.
Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
Lu
L
Wang
School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637457 Singapore.
Qirong
Q
Xiong
Key laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China. Electronic address: xiaofei@hust.edu.cn.
Fei
F
Xiao
School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637457 Singapore. Electronic address: hduan@ntu.edu.sg.
Hongwei
H
Duan
D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*
D006108:Graphite
2D nanomaterials; Cancer diagnosis; Electrochemical biosensors; Graphene