Relationship Between Type of Hypertension and Renal Arteriolosclerosis in Chronic Glomerular Disease.
OBJECTIVE
Hypertension (HT) is a common complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the relationship between circadian rhythm disorder of blood pressure (BP) and intra-renal damage remains unclear.


METHODS
Ninety patients with chronic glomerular disease (CGD) were included in the present study. On the basis of the clinic BP (CBP) and 24 h-ambulatory BP (ABP) measurements, the patients were divided into the following groups; normotension (NT), white coat HT (WHT), masked HT (MHT), and sustained HT (SHT). For renal histopathological assessment, we evaluated each biopsy specimen for sclerotic glomeruli (SG), interstitial fibrosis (IF), intimal thickening of intra-lobular arteries (ILA), and arteriolar hyalinosis (AH).


RESULTS
The prevalence of NT, WHT, MHT and SHT was 60.0%, 3.3%, 23.3%, and 13.4%, respectively. Compared with circadian BP pattern, all-day HT was most prevalent in the SHT group, whereas nighttime HT was most prevalent in the MHT group. The results of histological analysis showed that the SHT group had more severe SG and IF and the MHT group had more severe IF compared to the NT group. As for renal arteriolosclerosis, the MHT and SHT groups had more severe AH compared with the NT group, whereas ILA was comparable among all four groups. Furthermore, multivariate analysis revealed that ILA was significantly correlated only with age, whereas AH was significantly correlated with age and HT based on ABP, but not HT based on CBP.


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that renal AH was severe not only in the SHT group, but also in the MHT group. Careful ABP monitoring should be recommended in patients with CGD.
Division of Nephrology and Kidney Center, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
Keiji
K
Kono
Hideki
H
Fujii
Kentaro
K
Nakai
Shunsuke
S
Goto
Shuhei
S
Watanabe
Kentaro
K
Watanabe
Shinichi
S
Nishi
D000328:Adult; D050379:Arteriolosclerosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000145:classification*; D006977:Hypertension, Renal; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D059468:Masked Hypertension; D008875:Middle Aged; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000503:physiopathology*; D059466:White Coat Hypertension