F2 screen for resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry2Ab2-maize in field populations of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from the southern United States.
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a target pest of transgenic maize and cotton expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins in both North and South America. In 2013 and 2014, a total of 215 F2 two-parent families of S. frugiperda were established using single-pair mating of field individuals collected from seven locations in four states of the southern U.S.: Texas, Louisiana, Georgia, and Florida. The objective of the investigation was to detect resistance alleles in field populations to Cry2Ab2, a common Bt protein produced in transgenic maize and cotton. For each F2 family, 128 F2 neonates were screened on leaf tissue of Cry2Ab2 maize plants in the laboratory. A conservative estimate of the frequency of major Cry2Ab2 resistance alleles in S. frugiperda from the four states was 0.0023 with a 95% credibility interval of 0.0003-0.0064. In addition, six families were considered to likely possess minor resistance alleles at a frequency of 0.0082 with a 95% credibility interval of 0.0033-0.0152. One F2 family from Georgia (GA-15) was confirmed to possess a major resistance allele to the Cry2Ab2 protein. Larvae from this family survived well on whole maize plants expressing Cry2Ab2 protein and demonstrated a significant level (>15-fold) of resistance when fed with the same protein incorporated in a meridic diet. The detection of the major resistance allele along with the relatively abundant minor resistance alleles revealed in this study may have important implications for resistance management.
Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
Ying
Y
Niu
Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, IFAS SWFREC, Immokalee, FL 34142, USA.
Jawwad A
JA
Qureshi
Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Tifton, GA 31793, USA.
Xinzhi
X
Ni
Monsanto Company, St. Louis, MO 63167, USA.
Graham P
GP
Head
Monsanto Company, St. Louis, MO 63167, USA.
Paula A
PA
Price
Behavior and Biocontrol Unit, USDA - ARS, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
Robert L
RL
Meagher
Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
David
D
Kerns
Dean Lee Research Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Alexandria, LA 71302, USA.
Ronnie
R
Levy
Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX 78596, USA.
Xiangbing
X
Yang
Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. Electronic address: fhuang@agcenter.lsu.edu.
Fangneng
F
Huang
D000818:Animals; D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000235:genetics*; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D007305:Insecticide Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics / Q000469:parasitology*; D018411:Spodoptera / Q000235:genetics*; D014481:United States; D003313:Zea mays / Q000235:genetics* / Q000469:parasitology*
D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004731:Endotoxins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; C030956:insecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus Thuringiensis
Bacillus thuringiensis; Cry2Ab2; F(2) screening; Resistance management; Spodoptera frugiperda; Transgenic maize