Perioperative high inspired oxygen fraction therapy reduces surgical site infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in rats.
Surgical site infection (SSI) remains one of the most important causes of healthcare-associated infections, accounting for ~17 % of all hospital-acquired infections. Although short-term perioperative treatment with high fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) has shown clinical benefits in reducing SSI in colorectal resection surgeries, the true clinical benefits of FiO2 therapy in reducing SSI remain unclear because randomized controlled trials on this topic have yielded disparate results and inconsistent conclusions. To date, no animal study has been conducted to determine the efficacy of short-term perioperative treatments with high (FiO2>60 %) versus low (FiO2<40 %) oxygen in reducing SSI. In this report, we designed a rat model for muscle surgery to compare the effectiveness of short-term perioperative treatments with high (FiO2=80 %) versus a standard low (FiO2=30 %) oxygen in reducing SSI with Pseudomonas aeruginosa - one of the most prevalent Gram-negative pathogens, responsible for nosocomial SSIs. Our data demonstrate that 5 h perioperative treatment with 80 % FiO2 is significantly more effective in reducing SSI with P. aeruginosa compared to 30 % FiO2 treatment. We further show that whilst 80 % FiO2 treatment does not affect neutrophil infiltration into P. aeruginosa-infected muscles, neutrophils in the 80 % FiO2-treated and infected animal group are significantly more activated than neutrophils in the 30 % FiO2-treated and infected animal group, suggesting that high oxygen perioperative treatment reduces SSI with P. aeruginosa by enhancing neutrophil activation in infected wounds.
Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Jeffrey S
JS
Kroin
Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Jinyuan
J
Li
Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Josef W
JW
Goldufsky
Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Kajal H
KH
Gupta
Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Masoomeh
M
Moghtaderi
Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Asokumar
A
Buvanendran
Rush University Cancer Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.|Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.|Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Sasha H
SH
Shafikhani
D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D010100:Oxygen