Ratios of leptin to insulin and adiponectin to endothelin are sex-dependently associated with extent of coronary atherosclerosis.
OBJECTIVE
Noninvasive diagnostics of early stages of coronary artery disease and discrimination between various extents of vascular lesions in patients is an important clinical problem especially considering wide spread use of cholesterol lowering drugs that affect lipid and lipoprotein profiling. The main goal of our study was to evaluate applicability of new combinations of noninvasive biomarkers such as leptin to insulin and adiponectin to endothelin ratios, for detection of early stages of coronary atherosclerosis versus later stages of the disease.


METHODS
A number of previously validated serum biomarkers were tested in a group of 500 patients with coronary artery disease and examined for their association with severity of coronary lesion according to Gensini score determined by coronary angiography.


RESULTS
Lowest extent of coronary lesions was associated with significant increase in apoA-I levels and with significantly increased ratios of adiponectin to endothelin and leptin to insulin. In male but not in female patients, adiponectin to endothelin ratio below 7.0 was associated with Gensini score representing early to high coronary lesions (p = 0.02). In female but not in male patients, leptin to insulin ratio below 3.5 was associated with Gensini score representing early to high coronary lesions (p = 0.013).


CONCLUSIONS
Leptin to insulin and adiponectin to endothelin ratios are novel derived biomarkers useful for noninvasive diagnostics of initial stages of coronary lesions in patients with coronary artery disease.
a Department of Biochemistry , National Research Center for Preventive Medicine of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation , Moscow , Russia.
Nadezhda G
NG
Gumanova
b Department of Medicine , National Research Center for Preventive Medicine of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation , Moscow , Russia.
Natalia E
NE
Gavrilova
c Department of Biology , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA.
Oksana I
OI
Chernushevich
d Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine , the George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences , Washington , DC , USA.
Alexander Y
AY
Kots
a Department of Biochemistry , National Research Center for Preventive Medicine of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation , Moscow , Russia.
Victoria A
VA
Metelskaya
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D016232:Endothelins / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors
D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D016232:Endothelins; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin
Adiponectin; biomarkers; coronary heart disease; endothelin; insulin; leptin