A Systematic Review of Point of Care Testing for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis.
Objectives. Systematic review of point of care (POC) diagnostic tests for sexually transmitted infections: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV). Methods. Literature search on PubMed for articles from January 2010 to August 2015, including original research in English on POC diagnostics for sexually transmitted CT, NG, and/or TV. Results. We identified 33 publications with original research on POC diagnostics for CT, NG, and/or TV. Thirteen articles evaluated test performance, yielding at least one test for each infection with sensitivity and specificity ≥90%. Each infection also had currently available tests with sensitivities <60%. Three articles analyzed cost effectiveness, and five publications discussed acceptability and feasibility. POC testing was acceptable to both providers and patients and was also demonstrated to be cost effective. Fourteen proof of concept articles introduced new tests. Conclusions. Highly sensitive and specific POC tests are available for CT, NG, and TV, but improvement is possible. Future research should focus on acceptability, feasibility, and cost of POC testing. While pregnant women specifically have not been studied, the results available in nonpregnant populations are encouraging for the ability to test and treat women in antenatal care to prevent adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Sasha
S
Herbst de Cortina
Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive 0507, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Claire C
CC
Bristow
Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, 640 Charles E. Young Drive S., Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
Dvora
D
Joseph Davey
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, 640 Charles E. Young Drive S., Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA.
Jeffrey D
JD
Klausner
D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D000067716:Point-of-Care Testing; D014245:Trichomonas Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014246:Trichomonas vaginalis