Identification of Gibberellins and 9,15-Cyclogibberellins in Developing Apple Seeds.
Endogenous gibberellins (GAs) and GA-related compounds at two different developmental stages of apple seeds(Malus domestica cv. McIntosh) were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.From the seeds at ca. 10 and/or 14 weeks after full-bloom, the following GAs and 9,15-cyclogibberellins (9,15-cyclo-GAs) were identified by a comparison of their mass spectra and Kovats retention indices with those of authentic specimens: GA4, GA7, GA9, GA12, GA17, GA19, GA20, GA25, GA34, GA35, GA45,GA53, GA54, GA61, GA62, GA63, GA70, GA73, GA80, GA84, GA88, 3-epi-GA4, 3-epi-GA54, and 3-epi-GA63, 9,15-cyclo-GA9, lβ-hydroxy-9,15-cyclo-GA9, 2β-hydroxy-9,15-cyclo-GA9, 3α-hydroxy-9,15- cyclo-GA9, 3β-hydroxy-9,15-cyclo-GA9, and llβ-hydroxy-9,15-cyclo-GA9. The major components in the seeds at ca. 10 weeks after full-bloom were GA4, GA7, GA9, GA17, GA35, GA54, GA62, GA80, and GA84, and those in the seeds at ca. 14 weeks after full-bloom were GA17, GA25, GA45, GA62, GA63, GA80,GA84, 9,15-cyclo-GA9, and 1β-, 3β-, and 11β-hydroxy-9,15-cyclo-GA9. New GA number (GA103 _ 108) have been allocated to 9,15-cyclo-GA9, and 1β-, 2β-, 3β-, 3α-, and 11β-,hydroxy-9,15-cyclo-GA9, respectively (1β- and 3α-hydroxy-9,15-cyclo-GA9 were identified previously as fern anteridiogens, although GA numbers have not previously been assigned to these compounds). This is the first report of the co-occurrence of GA73 and 9,15-cyclo-GAs in higher plants.
a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry , The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , 113 , Japan.
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Oyama
a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry , The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , 113 , Japan.
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Yamauchi
a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry , The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , 113 , Japan.|b Biotechnology Research Center , The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , 113 , Japan.
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Yamane
a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry , The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , 113 , Japan.
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Murofushi
a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry , The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , 113 , Japan.|c Hokkaido National Agricultural Experimental Station , Hitsujigaoka I, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido , 062 , Japan.
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Agatsuma
a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry , The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , 113 , Japan.|d Research School of Chemistry , The Australian National University , Canberra, A.C.T. , 0200 , Australia.
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Pour
a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry , The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo , 113 , Japan.|d Research School of Chemistry , The Australian National University , Canberra, A.C.T. , 0200 , Australia.
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Mander
9,15-cyclogibberellins; Malus domestica; apple seeds; gibberellin A73; gibberellins