High Area Capacity Lithium-Sulfur Full-cell Battery with Prelitiathed Silicon Nanowire-Carbon Anodes for Long Cycling Stability.
We show full Li/S cells with the use of balanced and high capacity electrodes to address high power electro-mobile applications. The anode is made of an assembly comprising of silicon nanowires as active material densely and conformally grown on a 3D carbon mesh as a light-weight current collector, offering extremely high areal capacity for reversible Li storage of up to 9 mAh/cm(2). The dense growth is guaranteed by a versatile Au precursor developed for homogenous Au layer deposition on 3D substrates. In contrast to metallic Li, the presented system exhibits superior characteristics as an anode in Li/S batteries such as safe operation, long cycle life and easy handling. These anodes are combined with high area density S/C composite cathodes into a Li/S full-cell with an ether- and lithium triflate-based electrolyte for high ionic conductivity. The result is a highly cyclable full-cell with an areal capacity of 2.3 mAh/cm(2), a cyclability surpassing 450 cycles and capacity retention of 80% after 150 cycles (capacity loss <0.4% per cycle). A detailed physical and electrochemical investigation of the SiNW Li/S full-cell including in-operando synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements reveals that the lower degradation is due to a lower self-reduction of polysulfides after continuous charging/discharging.
Namlab gGmbH, 01187 Dresden, Germany.|Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CfAED), TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Andreas
A
Krause
Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology (IWS), Winterbergstr. 28, 01277 Dresden, Germany.|Department for Inorganic Chemistry I, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Susanne
S
Dörfler
Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology (IWS), Winterbergstr. 28, 01277 Dresden, Germany.
Markus
M
Piwko
Department for Inorganic Chemistry I, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Florian M
FM
Wisser
Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Dresden e.V., Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
Tony
T
Jaumann
Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Dresden e.V., Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.|Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaft, TU Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 7, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
Eike
E
Ahrens
Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Dresden e.V., Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.|Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaft, TU Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 7, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
Lars
L
Giebeler
Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology (IWS), Winterbergstr. 28, 01277 Dresden, Germany.
Holger
H
Althues
Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology (IWS), Winterbergstr. 28, 01277 Dresden, Germany.
Stefan
S
Schädlich
Department for Inorganic Chemistry I, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Julia
J
Grothe
Namlab gGmbH, 01187 Dresden, Germany.
Andrea
A
Jeffery
Namlab gGmbH, 01187 Dresden, Germany.
Matthias
M
Grube
Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology (IWS), Winterbergstr. 28, 01277 Dresden, Germany.
Jan
J
Brückner
Department for Inorganic Chemistry I, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Jan
J
Martin
Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Dresden e.V., Helmholtzstr. 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.|Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaft, TU Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 7, 01069 Dresden, Germany.|Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences, A-8700 Leoben, Austria.|Department Materials Physics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Jahnstraße 12, A-8700 Leoben, Austria.
Jürgen
J
Eckert
Fraunhofer Institute for Material and Beam Technology (IWS), Winterbergstr. 28, 01277 Dresden, Germany.|Department for Inorganic Chemistry I, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Stefan
S
Kaskel
Namlab gGmbH, 01187 Dresden, Germany.|Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CfAED), TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.|Institute of Semiconductor and Microsystems Technology, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
Thomas
T
Mikolajick
Namlab gGmbH, 01187 Dresden, Germany.|Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CfAED), TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Walter M
WM
Weber