The fed-batch principle for the molecular biology lab: controlled nutrient diets in ready-made media improve production of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli.
While the nutrient limited fed-batch technology is the standard of the cultivation of microorganisms and production of heterologous proteins in industry, despite its advantages in view of metabolic control and high cell density growth, shaken batch cultures are still the standard for protein production and expression screening in molecular biology and biochemistry laboratories. This is due to the difficulty and expenses to apply a controlled continuous glucose feed to shaken cultures. New ready-made growth media, e.g. by biocatalytic release of glucose from a polymer, offer a simple solution for the application of the fed-batch principle in shaken plate and flask cultures. Their wider use has shown that the controlled diet not only provides a solution to obtain significantly higher cell yields, but also in many cases folding of the target protein is improved by the applied lower growth rates; i.e. final volumetric yields for the active protein can be a multiple of what is obtained in complex medium cultures. The combination of the conventional optimization approaches with new and easy applicable growth systems has revolutionized recombinant protein production in Escherichia coli in view of product yield, culture robustness as well as significantly increased cell densities. This technical development establishes the basis for successful miniaturization and parallelization which is now an important tool for synthetic biology and protein engineering approaches. This review provides an overview of the recent developments, results and applications of advanced growth systems which use a controlled glucose release as substrate supply.
Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, Ackerstr. 76, ACK 24, 13355, Berlin, Germany.|Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5A, 90220, Oulu, Finland.
Mirja
M
Krause
BioSilta Europe GmbH, Berlin, Germany.
Antje
A
Neubauer
Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, Ackerstr. 76, ACK 24, 13355, Berlin, Germany. peter.neubauer@tu-berlin.de.
Peter
P
Neubauer
D061249:Batch Cell Culture Techniques; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004220:Disulfides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
D003470:Culture Media; D004220:Disulfides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D005947:Glucose
EnBase; Expression; High cell density; Recombinant protein production; Shake flask