Anaesthetics, steroids and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in ultrasound-guided musculoskeletal procedures.
This review aims to evaluate the role of anaesthetics, steroids and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) employed with ultrasound-guided injection in the management of musculoskeletal pathology of the extremities. Ultrasound-guided injection represents an interesting and minimally invasive solution for the treatment of tendon and joint inflammatory or degenerative diseases. The availability of a variety of new drugs such as hyaluronic acid and PRP provides expansion of the indications and therapeutic possibilities. The clinical results obtained in terms of pain reduction and functional recovery suggest that the use of infiltrative procedures can be a good therapeutic alternative in degenerative and inflammatory joint diseases.
1 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Antonio
A
Barile
1 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Alice
A
La Marra
1 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Francesco
F
Arrigoni
1 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Silvia
S
Mariani
1 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Luigi
L
Zugaro
1 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Alessandra
A
Splendiani
1 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Ernesto
E
Di Cesare
2 Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine, Magrassi-Lanzara, Institute of Radiology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Alfonso
A
Reginelli
3 Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.
Marcello
M
Zappia
3 Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.
Luca
L
Brunese
4 Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Ejona
E
Duka
4 Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Giampaolo
G
Carrafiello
1 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Carlo
C
Masciocchi
D000777:Anesthetics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D000529:Complementary Therapies / Q000379:methods; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D007267:Injections; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D010126:Ozone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D018579:Patient Selection; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma; D013256:Steroids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*
D000777:Anesthetics; D013256:Steroids; D010126:Ozone; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D010100:Oxygen