Single-Step Assembly of Multifunctional Poly(tannic acid)-Graphene Oxide Coating To Reduce Biofouling of Forward Osmosis Membranes.
Graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets have antibacterial properties that have been exploited as a biocidal agent used on desalination membrane surfaces in recent research. Nonetheless, improved strategies for efficient and stable attachment of GO nanosheets onto the membrane surface are still required for this idea to be commercially viable. To address this challenge, we adopted a novel, single-step surface modification approach using tannic acid cross-linked with polyethylene imine as a versatile platform to immobilize GO nanosheets to the surface of polyamide thin film composite forward osmosis (FO) membranes. An experimental design based on Taguchi's statistical method was applied to optimize the FO processing conditions in terms of water and reverse solute fluxes. Modified membranes were analyzed using water contact angle, adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence, total organic carbon, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ζ potential, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. These results show that membranes were modified with a nanoscale (<10 nm), smooth, hydrophilic coating that, compared to pristine membranes, improved filtration and significantly mitigated biofouling by 33% due to its extraordinary, synergistic antibacterial properties (99.9%).
Natural & Built Environments Research Centre, University of South Australia , Adelaide, South Australia 5095, Australia.|Institute of Advanced Technology and New Materials, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications , Borg El-Arab, Alexandria 21934, Egypt.
Hanaa M
HM
Hegab
Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City (USC) , Sadat City, Egypt.|School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
Ahmed
A
ElMekawy
Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia , Adelaide, South Australia 5095, Australia.
Thomas G
TG
Barclay
Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia , Adelaide, South Australia 5095, Australia.
Andrew
A
Michelmore
Natural & Built Environments Research Centre, University of South Australia , Adelaide, South Australia 5095, Australia.|Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology , Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Linda
L
Zou
Natural & Built Environments Research Centre, University of South Australia , Adelaide, South Australia 5095, Australia.
Christopher P
CP
Saint
Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia , Adelaide, South Australia 5095, Australia.
Milena
M
Ginic-Markovic
Taguchi method; antibiofouling; forward osmosis; graphene oxide; single-step multifunctional coating; tannic acid