The effects of the combination of egg and fiber on appetite, glycemic response and food intake in normal weight adults - a randomized, controlled, crossover trial.
This study evaluated appetite and glycemic effects of egg-based breakfasts, containing high and moderate protein (30 g protein and 20 g protein +7 g fiber, respectively) compared to a low-protein cereal breakfast (10 g protein) examined in healthy adults (N = 48; age 24 ± 1 yr; BMI 23 ± 1 kg/m(2); mean ± SE). Meals provided 390 kcal/serving and equal fat content. Food intake was measured at an ad libitum lunch meal and blood glucose response was measured. Visual analog scales (VAS) were used to assess hunger, satisfaction, fullness, and prospective food intake. The egg-based breakfast meal with high protein produced greater overall satiety (p < 0.0001), and both high protein and moderate protein with fiber egg-based breakfasts reduced postprandial glycemic response (p < 0.005) and food intake (p < 0.05) at subsequent meal (by 135 kcal and 69 kcal; effect sizes 0.44 and 0.23, respectively) compared to a cereal-based breakfast with low protein and fiber.
a Department of Food Science and Nutrition , University of Minnesota , St Paul , MN , USA ;
Angela L
AL
Bonnema
a Department of Food Science and Nutrition , University of Minnesota , St Paul , MN , USA ;
Deena K
DK
Altschwager
b Division of Biostatistics , School of Public Health, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , MN , USA.
William
W
Thomas
a Department of Food Science and Nutrition , University of Minnesota , St Paul , MN , USA ;
Joanne L
JL
Slavin
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001066:Appetite; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D062408:Breakfast; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D018753:Diet, Protein-Restricted; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D004531:Eggs; D002149:Energy Intake; D038321:Glycemic Index; D006801:Humans; D006815:Hunger; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012527:Satiation; D055815:Young Adult
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004044:Dietary Proteins
Glucose; hunger; protein; satiety