Desmutagenicity of Melanoidins against Various Kinds of Mutagens and Activated Mutagens.
The desmutagenic activities of low-molecular weight melanoidins (LM-MEL, MW 500-1000) and nondialyzable melanoidins (ND-MEL, MW above 1000) prepared from a glucose-glycine reaction system were examined by Ames' test on such mutagens/carcinogens as nitro or amino compounds of aromatics or heterocycles, azo compounds, nitroso compounds, and epoxides. ND-MEL and LM-MEL exhibited a desmutagenic activity of 25-75% against mutagenic aromatic or heterocyclic compounds such as aflatoxin B1, B[α]P, 2-aminofluorene, 4-aminobiphenyl, and 2-aminonaphthalene, as well as heterocyclic amines, using S. typhimurium TA98 in the presence of S9 mix. In the case of using S. typhimurium TA100 in the absence of S9 mix, ND-MEL and LM-MEL showed a desmutagenic activity of 20-50% against 2-nitrofluorene, 4NQO and 2-nitronaphthalene. The strong desmutagenic activity of MEL from various kinds of amino acids, peptides, or egg albumin hydrolyzates with glucose was also observed against Trp-P-1. Furthermore, MEL had marked desmutagenic activity against the Trp-P-1 activated by S9 mix and synthetic N-OH-Trp-P-2.
a Department of Agricultural Chemistry , The University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 , Japan.
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Lee
a Department of Agricultural Chemistry , The University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 , Japan.|b Department of Food Science , Japan Women's University , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112 , Japan.
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Chuyen
a Department of Agricultural Chemistry , The University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 , Japan.|c Department of Agricultural Chemistry , Meiji University , Tamaku , Kawasaki 214 , Japan.
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Hayase
a Department of Agricultural Chemistry , The University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 , Japan.
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