Differences of glycocalyx composition in the structural elements of placenta in preeclampsia.
Glycans expressed in the fetal-maternal interface were shown to exert immunomodulating effects and to mediate interactions between the cells. The aim of this study was to investigate alterations in the structure of carbohydrate chains of glycocalyx in placental tissue in pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia (PE).



A histochemical analysis of placental tissues was performed with a panel of biotinylated lectins. We analyzed placental tissues in women who had severe or moderate PE and compared them to placentas from women with normal pregnancies.



There was decreased content of terminal residues of α(2,6)-linked sialic acid (as stained by SNA lectin) in the carbohydrate chains of glycocalyx of the endothelium of placental terminal villi in patients with moderate preeclampsia. The composition of the glycocalyx of syncytiotrophoblast in patients of this group did not differ from the control group. Amount of the glycans with terminal β-Gal- (ECL) and α-mannosyl residues (ConA) in the syncytiotrophoblast and capillary endothelium of the placenta was significantly higher in the group with severe PE compared to the control group. The increased content of sialoglycans with α(2,6)-linked sialic acids residues were discovered in the syncytium, and the decreased content of α(2,3)-linked sialic acids residues - in the endothelium of terminal villi in preeclampsia.



The most prominent alteration of the glycocalyx composition was found in the placentas of women with severe preeclampsia. It is likely that the modified glycome of syncytiotrophoblast and capillary endothelium may play an important role in pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
Federal State Budget Institution «Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology» of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Russian Federation.
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Sukhikh
Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Federal State Budget Institution «Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology» of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Russian Federation. Electronic address: mmz@mail.ru.
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Ziganshina
Department of Perinatal Pathology, Federal State Budget Institution «Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology» of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Russian Federation.
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Nizyaeva
Department of Perinatal Pathology, Federal State Budget Institution «Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology» of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Russian Federation.
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GV
Kulikova
Department of Perinatal Pathology, Federal State Budget Institution «Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology» of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Russian Federation.
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JS
Volkova
Department of International Cooperation, Federal State Budget Institution «Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology» of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Russian Federation.
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Yarotskaya
Observational Department, Federal State Budget Institution «Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology» of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Russian Federation.
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NE
Kan
Department of Perinatal Pathology, Federal State Budget Institution «Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology» of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Russian Federation.
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Shchyogolev
Obstetrical Physiologic Department, Federal State Budget Institution «Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology» of Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Russian Federation.
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Tyutyunnik
D000328:Adult; D002824:Chorionic Villi / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D019276:Glycocalyx / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult
Glycocalyx; Glycocode; Lectin histochemistry; Placenta; Preeclampsia