Phylogenetic Characteristics of Anthrax Outbreaks in Liaoning Province, China, 2001-2015.
Anthrax is a continuous threat in China, especially in rural regions. In July 2015, an anthrax outbreak occurred in Xifeng County, Liaoning Province. A total of 10 cutaneous anthrax cases were reported, with 210 people under medical observation. In this study, the general characteristics of human anthrax outbreak occurred in Liaoning Province were described, and all cases were caused by butchering and contacting sick animal. Meanwhile, the phylogenetic relationship between outbreak-related isolates/samples of the year 2015 and previous Bacillus anthracis strains was analyzed by means of canonical single nucleotide polymorphisms (canSNP), multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) with 15 markers and single-nucleotide repeats (SNR) analysis. There are two canSNP subgroups found in Liaoning, A.Br.001/002 and A.Br.Ames, and a total of six MLVA 15 genotypes and five SNR genotypes were observed. The strain collected from anthrax outbreak in Xifeng County in 2015 was classified as A.Br.001/002 subgroup and identified as MLVA15-29 genotype, with same SNR profile (CL10: 17, CL12: 15, CL33: 29, and CL35: 13). So we conclude that the same clone of B.anthracis caused the anthrax outbreak in Xifeng County in 2015, and this clone is different to previous isolates. Strengthening public health education in China is one of the most important measures to prevent and control anthrax.
Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
Lingling
L
Mao
National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Changping, Beijing, China.|State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Hangzhou, China.
Enmin
E
Zhang
Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
Zijiang
Z
Wang
Tieling Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tieling, Liaoning Province, China.
Yan
Y
Li
Division of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, China CDC, Beijing, China.
Hang
H
Zhou
Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
Xuesheng
X
Liu
National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Changping, Beijing, China.|State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Hangzhou, China.
Huijuan
H
Zhang
National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Changping, Beijing, China.|State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Hangzhou, China.
Hong
H
Cai
National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Changping, Beijing, China.|State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Hangzhou, China.
Xudong
X
Liang
Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
Yingwei
Y
Sun
National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Changping, Beijing, China.|State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Hangzhou, China.
Zhikai
Z
Zhang
National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Changping, Beijing, China.|State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Hangzhou, China.
Wei
W
Li
Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
Wenqing
W
Yao
National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Changping, Beijing, China.|State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.|Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Hangzhou, China.
Jianchun
J
Wei
D000881:Anthrax / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D001408:Bacillus anthracis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018598:Minisatellite Repeats; D010802:Phylogeny; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide