Invasive Rothia infections in children with acute myeloid leukemia: A report from the Canadian infections in AML research group.
Rothia spp. (previously termed Stomatococcus) are normal flora that can cause invasive infections in immunocompromised hosts. The objective of this study was to describe infection characteristics and outcomes of Rothia spp. infections in a large cohort of children with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This retrospective chart review is a subanalysis of a larger study in which the aim was to identify factors associated with infection in pediatric patients with AML. Only sterile site infections occurring during chemotherapy were included. Among 578 children with AML, 17 (2.9%) children with at least 1 Rothia spp. infection were identified. All children were neutropenic at the time of infection. Eight (47%) had antecedent colitis or mucositis. Of the 17 infections, 16 were bacteremia and 1 was meningitis. Sepsis occurred in 4 patients, and 1 patient died due to infection. Rothia spp. infections are rare in pediatric AML but can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Future studies should describe trends in incidence and resistance patterns over time.
a Child Health Evaluative Sciences , The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.|b Faculty of Medicine , University of Toronto , St. George Campus , Ontario , Canada.
Jane Y
JY
Wang
c Service d'Hémato-Oncologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Hematology/Oncology , Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke , Quebec , Canada.
Josée
J
Brossard
d St. George Campus, Hematology/Oncology , Hospital Sainte-Justine , Montreal , Quebec , Canada.
Sonia
S
Cellot
e Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology , BC Children's Hospital , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada.
David
D
Dix
f Division of Hematology/Oncology , Children's Hospital & Research Center Oakland , Oakland , California , USA.
Jim
J
Feusner
g Division of Hematology/Oncology , Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada.
Donna L
DL
Johnston
h Hematology/Oncology/Transplant Program , Alberta Children's Hospital , Calgary , Alberta , Canada.
Victor
V
Lewis
i Division of Hematology/Oncology , Montreal Children's Hospital , Quebec , Canada.
David
D
Mitchell
j Division of Haematology/Oncology , Chedoke-McMaster Hospitals , Hamilton , Ontario , Canada.
Carol
C
Portwine
k Department of Pediatrics , IWK Health Centre , Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada.
Victoria
V
Price
a Child Health Evaluative Sciences , The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.|l Division of Haematology/Oncology , The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.
Lillian
L
Sung
a Child Health Evaluative Sciences , The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.
Marie-Chantal
MC
Ethier
a Child Health Evaluative Sciences , The Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto , Ontario , Canada.
Biljana
B
Gillmeister
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003092:Colitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008835:Micrococcaceae; D052016:Mucositis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies
Acute myeloid leukemia; bacteremia; neutropenia; opportunistic infection; rothia