Occurrence of deoxynivalenol in wheat flour, instant noodle and biscuits commercialised in Brazil.
A total of 134 samples, consisting of 58 wheat flour, 40 instant noodle and 36 biscuits, were analysed for the presence of deoxynivalenol (DON). The samples were obtained from retail markets of the city of São Paulo during the period 2010-2014. DON was determined by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection and immunoaffinity sample clean-up. Method validation followed international guidelines. The LOD and LOQ were 60 and 200 µg kg-1, respectively, considering the three different types of samples analysed. The lowest recovery found in this study was 91.8% with RSD 4.5% for instant noodles. DON was detected in 91.4%, 97.5% and 97.2% of samples wheat flour, instant noodles and biscuits, respectively, resulting in a total of 94.8% with levels ranging from LOD to 1720.0 µg kg-1.
a Núcleo de Contaminantes Orgânicos , Instituto Adolfo Lutz , São Paulo , Brazil.
Adriana Palma de
AP
Almeida
a Núcleo de Contaminantes Orgânicos , Instituto Adolfo Lutz , São Paulo , Brazil.
Leda Conceição Antonia
LC
Lamardo
a Núcleo de Contaminantes Orgânicos , Instituto Adolfo Lutz , São Paulo , Brazil.
Luzia
L
Shundo
a Núcleo de Contaminantes Orgânicos , Instituto Adolfo Lutz , São Paulo , Brazil.
Simone Alves da
SA
Silva
b Núcleo de Águas e Embalagens , Instituto Adolfo Lutz , São Paulo , Brazil.
Sandra Aparecida
SA
Navas
c Centro de Contaminantes , Instituto Adolfo Lutz , São Paulo , Brazil.
Janete
J
Alaburda
a Núcleo de Contaminantes Orgânicos , Instituto Adolfo Lutz , São Paulo , Brazil.
Valter
V
Ruvieri
a Núcleo de Contaminantes Orgânicos , Instituto Adolfo Lutz , São Paulo , Brazil.
Myrna
M
Sabino
D053000:Analytic Sample Preparation Methods; D001938:Brazil; D001939:Bread / Q000032:analysis* / Q000191:economics; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D057140:Fast Foods / Q000032:analysis* / Q000191:economics; D005433:Flour / Q000032:analysis* / Q000191:economics; D005506:Food Contamination; D005513:Food Inspection; D057230:Limit of Detection; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000032:analysis*; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry
D014255:Trichothecenes; C007262:deoxynivalenol
DON; Deoxynivalenol; biscuits; instant noodle; wheat flour