Nonlinear optical microscopy for label-free detection of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors.
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), which are rare and slow-growing neoplasms, pose a diagnostic challenge as they are clinically silent at the time of presentation. Here, gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors were researched by nonlinear microscopy, and results demonstrate that this technique has the capability to identify neuroendocrine tumors in the absence of labels and can, in particular, detect rare neuroendocrine tumor cells, vascular invasion, desmoplastic reaction, and fibroelastosis induced by neuroendocrine tumors. These conclusions highlight the possibility of nonlinear optical microscopy as a diagnostic tool for label-freely differentiating neuroendocrine tumors by these histopathologic features.
Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China.
Lianhuang
L
Li
Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China.|Department of Physics, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, 32023, Taiwan.
Liwei
L
Jiang
Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
Zhifen
Z
Chen
Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
Deyong
D
Kang
Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
Zhenrong
Z
Yang
Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
Xing
X
Liu
Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
Weizhong
W
Jiang
Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China.
Shuangmu
S
Zhuo
Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
Guoxian
G
Guan
Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China. zyjbju@sina.com.
Yongjian
Y
Zhou
Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China. chenjianxin@fjnu.edu.cn.
Jianxin
J
Chen
D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods*; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors; Nonlinear optical microscopy; Second harmonic generation (SHG); Two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF)