Oral 2-oleyl glyceryl ether improves glucose tolerance in mice through the GPR119 receptor.
The intestinal G protein-coupled receptor GPR119 is a novel metabolic target involving glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-derived insulin-regulated glucose homeostasis. Endogenous and diet-derived lipids, including N-acylethanolamines and 2-monoacylglycerols (2-MAG) activate GPR119. The purpose of this work is to evaluate whether 2-oleoyl glycerol (2-OG) improves glucose tolerance through GPR119, using wild type (WT) and GPR 119 knock out (KO) mice. We here show that GPR119 is essential for 2-OG-mediated release of GLP-1 and CCK from GLUTag cells, since a GPR119 specific antagonist completely abolished the hormone release. Similarly, in isolated primary colonic crypt cultures from WT mice, GPR119 was required for 2-OG-stimulated GLP-1 release while there was no response in crypts from KO mice. In vivo, gavage with 2-oleyl glyceryl ether ((2-OG ether), a stable 2-OG analog with a potency of 5.3 µM for GPR119 with respect to cAMP formation as compared to 2.3 µM for 2-OG), significantly (P < 0.05) improved glucose clearance in WT littermates, but not in GPR119 KO mice. Finally, deletion of GPR119 in mice resulted in lower glucagon levels, whereas the levels of insulin and GIP were unchanged. In the present study we show that 2-OG stimulates GLP-1 secretion through GPR119 activation in vitro, and that fat-derived 2-MAGs are potent candidates for mediating fat-induced GLP-1 release through GPR119 in vivo. © 2016 BioFactors, 42(6):665-673, 2016.
Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark.
H A
HA
Hassing
Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.
M S
MS
Engelstoft
Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.
R M
RM
Sichlau
Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark.
A N
AN
Madsen
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen, Denmark.
J F
JF
Rehfeld
Department of Biomedical Science, Endocrinology Research Section, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark.
J
J
Pedersen
Arena Pharmaceutical Inc, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
R M
RM
Jones
Department of Biomedical Science, Endocrinology Research Section, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Section for Translational Physiology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Metabolic Research, Panum Institute, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark.
J J
JJ
Holst
Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark.|Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.
T W
TW
Schwartz
Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, Denmark.
M M
MM
Rosenkilde
Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen, Denmark.
H S
HS
Hansen
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D005989:Glycerides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000819:agonists / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D005989:Glycerides; C516207:Gpr119 protein, mouse; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D002766:Cholecystokinin; C505247:2-oleoylglycerol
2-oleoyl glycerol; 2-oleyl glyceryl ether; GLP-1; GPR119; GPR119 knock out mice; glucagon; glucose homeostasis