Temporal integration of multisensory stimuli in autism spectrum disorder: a predictive coding perspective.
Recently, a growing number of studies have examined the role of multisensory temporal integration in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Some studies have used temporal order judgments or simultaneity judgments to examine the temporal binding window, while others have employed multisensory illusions, such as the sound-induced flash illusion (SiFi). The SiFi is an illusion created by presenting two beeps along with one flash. Participants perceive two flashes if the stimulus-onset asynchrony (SOA) between the two flashes is brief. The temporal binding window can be measured by modulating the SOA between the beeps. Each of these tasks has been used to compare the temporal binding window in people with ASD and typically developing individuals; however, the results have been mixed. While temporal order and simultaneity judgment tasks have shown little temporal binding window differences between groups, studies using the SiFi have found a wider temporal binding window in ASD compared to controls. In this paper, we discuss these seemingly contradictory findings and suggest that predictive coding may be able to explain the differences between these tasks.
School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. jason.chan@ucc.ie.|Institute of Medical Psychology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. jason.chan@ucc.ie.
Jason S
0000-0002-4663-5779
JS
Chan
Institute of Medical Psychology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Anne
A
Langer
Institute of Medical Psychology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Jochen
J
Kaiser
D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D000067877:Autism Spectrum Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007088:Illusions / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D013016:Sound; D013997:Time Factors; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*
Autism spectrum disorder; Multisensory integration; Predictive coding; Temporal binding window