Impact of genetic variations in C-C chemokine receptors and ligands on infectious diseases.
Chemokine receptors and ligands are crucial for extensive immune response against infectious diseases such as malaria, leishmaniasis, HIV and tuberculosis and a wide variety of other diseases. Role of chemokines are evidenced in the activation and regulation of immune cell migration which is important for immune response against diseases. Outcome of disease is determined by complex interaction among pathogen, host genetic variability and surrounding milieu. Variation in expression or function of chemokines caused by genetic polymorphisms could be associated with attenuated immune responses. Exploration of chemokine genetic polymorphisms in therapeutic response, gene regulation and disease outcome is important. Infectious agents in human host alter the expression of chemokines via epigenetic alterations and thus contribute to disease pathogenesis. Although some fragmentary data are available on chemokine genetic variations and their contribution in diseases, no unequivocal conclusion has been arrived as yet. We therefore, aim to investigate the association of CCR5-CCL5 and CCR2-CCL2 genetic polymorphisms with different infectious diseases, transcriptional regulation of gene, disease severity and response to therapy. Furthermore, the role of epigenetics in genes related to chemokines and infectious disease are also discussed.
Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226 025, India. Electronic address: tabish.qidwai@gmail.com.
Tabish
T
Qidwai
Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226 025, India. Electronic address: profmykhan@rediffmail.com.
M Y
MY
Khan
D000818:Animals; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000235:genetics*; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000235:genetics*; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity / Q000235:genetics; D056747:Immunomodulation; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D054390:Receptors, CCR2 / Q000235:genetics*; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000235:genetics*
C515334:CCR2 protein, human; C584933:CCR5 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D054390:Receptors, CCR2; D019713:Receptors, CCR5
Chemokines; Drug response; Epigenetics; Gene regulation; Infectious disease; Polymorphism