Mating-Induced Increase in Germline Stem Cells via the Neuroendocrine System in Female Drosophila.
Mating and gametogenesis are two essential components of animal reproduction. Gametogenesis must be modulated by the need for gametes, yet little is known of how mating, a process that utilizes gametes, may modulate the process of gametogenesis. Here, we report that mating stimulates female germline stem cell (GSC) proliferation in Drosophila melanogaster. Mating-induced increase in GSC number is not simply owing to the indirect effect of emission of stored eggs, but rather is stimulated by a male-derived Sex Peptide (SP) and its receptor SPR, the components of a canonical neuronal pathway that induces a post-mating behavioral switch in females. We show that ecdysteroid, the major insect steroid hormone, regulates mating-induced GSC proliferation independently of insulin signaling. Ovarian ecdysteroid level increases after mating and transmits its signal directly through the ecdysone receptor expressed in the ovarian niche to increase the number of GSCs. Impairment of ovarian ecdysteroid biosynthesis disrupts mating-induced increase in GSCs as well as egg production. Importantly, feeding of ecdysteroid rescues the decrease in GSC number caused by impairment of neuronal SP signaling. Our study illustrates how female GSC activity is coordinately regulated by the neuroendocrine system to sustain reproductive success in response to mating.
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Tomotsune
T
Ameku
Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.|PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan.
Ryusuke
0000-0002-1716-455X
R
Niwa
D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster; D026461:Ecdysteroids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005718:Gametogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008297:Male; D009490:Neurosecretory Systems / Q000378:metabolism; D010063:Ovum / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000378:metabolism*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism
D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D026461:Ecdysteroids; D007328:Insulin; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C489175:Mst57Dc protein, Drosophila; D010455:Peptides; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; C526291:sex peptide receptor, Drosophila