Response and Defense Mechanisms of Taxus chinensis Leaves Under UV-A Radiation are Revealed Using Comparative Proteomics and Metabolomics Analyses.
Taxus chinensis var. mairei is a species endemic to south-eastern China and one of the natural sources for the anticancer medicine paclitaxel. To investigate the molecular response and defense mechanisms of T. chinensis leaves to enhanced ultraviolet-A (UV-A) radiation, gel-free/label-free and gel-based proteomics and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses were performed. The transmission electron microscopy results indicated damage to the chloroplast under UV-A radiation. Proteomics analyses in leaves and chloroplasts showed that photosynthesis-, glycolysis-, secondary metabolism-, stress-, and protein synthesis-, degradation- and activation-related systems were mainly changed under UV-A radiation. Forty-seven PSII proteins and six PSI proteins were identified as being changed in leaves and chloroplasts under UV-A treatment. This indicated that PSII was more sensitive to UV-A than PSI as the target of UV-A light. Enhanced glycolysis, with four glycolysis-related key enzymes increased, provided precursors for secondary metabolism. The 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase and 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase were identified as being significantly increased during UV-A radiation, which resulted in paclitaxel enhancement. Additionally, mRNA expression levels of genes involved in the paclitaxel biosynthetic pathway indicated a down-regulation under UV-A irradiation and up-regulation in dark incubation. These results reveal that a short-term high dose of UV-A radiation could stimulate the plant stress defense system and paclitaxel production.
College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China.
Wen
W
Zheng
National Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-8518 Japan.
Setsuko
S
Komatsu
Education Ministry Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China.
Wei
W
Zhu
Education Ministry Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China.
Lin
L
Zhang
College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China.
Ximin
X
Li
College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China.
Lei
L
Cui
College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China Education Ministry Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China tjk@zju.edu.cn.
Jingkui
J
Tian
D002338:Carotenoids / Q000378:metabolism; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004798:Enzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D043823:Taxoids / Q000378:metabolism; D020946:Taxus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
D004798:Enzymes; D010840:Phytosterols; D010940:Plant Proteins; D043823:Taxoids; D002338:Carotenoids; D017239:Paclitaxel
Chloroplast; Metabolomics; Paclitaxel; Proteomics; Taxus chinensis; UV-A radiation