Molecularly imprinted polymer as efficient sorbent of solid-phase extraction for determination of gonyautoxin 1,4 in seawater followed by high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection.
A kind of new molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was synthesized by bulk polymerization using guanosine as dummy template molecule, α-methacrylic acid as functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethyl acrylic ester as crosslinker. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the MIP had homogenous and uniform-sized cavities. It was confirmed that the MIP had higher binding affinity and selectivity towards gonyautoxins 1,4 (GTX 1,4) than the non-imprinted polymer (NIP) according to the static equilibrium adsorption. An off-line molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) method followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) was established for the analysis of GTX 1,4. 0.1 mol/L acetic acid and 95:5 (v:v) methanol/water were optimized as the washing and elution solutions, respectively. The recoveries of spiked cultured seawater samples were satisfactory, as high as 88 %. Using this method, the concentrations of GTX 1,4 from cultured seawater samples of Alexandrium minutum and Alexandrium tamarense were detected to be 1.10 μg/L and 0.99 μg/L, respectively. Graphical Abstract The synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymer and molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction analysis for gonyautoxin 1,4.
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, China.
Xiao-Qi
XQ
Mei
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, China.
Xiu-Ping
XP
He
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, China. jtwang@ouc.edu.cn.
Jiang-Tao
JT
Wang
D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004141:Dinoflagellida / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005453:Fluorescence; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D054802:Molecular Imprinting / Q000379:methods*; D058105:Polymerization; D012530:Saxitoxin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012623:Seawater / Q000032:analysis*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods*
D008689:Methacrylates; C008384:methacrylic acid; D012530:Saxitoxin; C013007:gonyautoxins
Alexandrium minutum; Alexandrium tamarense; Gonyautoxins 1,4; Molecularly imprinted polymers; Solid-phase extraction