Liquid Crystal Formation from Sunflower Oil: Long Term Stability Studies.
The Brazilian biodiversity offers a multiplicity of raw materials with great potential in cosmetics industry applications. Some vegetable oils and fatty esters increase skin hydration by occlusivity, keeping the skin hydrated and with a shiny appearance. Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) oil is widely employed in cosmetic emulsions in the form of soaps, creams, moisturizers and skin cleansers due to the presence of polyphenols and its high vitamin E content. Liquid crystals are systems with many applications in both pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations and are easily detected by microscopy under polarized light due to their birefringence properties. The aim of this research was to develop emulsions from natural sunflower oil for topical uses. Sunflower oil (75.0% w/w) was combined with liquid vaseline (25.0% w/w) employing a natural self-emulsifying base (SEB) derivative. The high temperature of the emulsification process did not influence the antioxidant properties of sunflower oil. Fatty esters were added to cosmetic formulations and extended stability tests were performed to characterize the emulsions. Fatty esters like cetyl palmitate and cetyl ester increase the formation of anisotropic structures. O/W emulsions showed acidic pH values and pseudoplastic behavior. The presence of a lamellar phase was observed after a period of 90 days under different storage conditions.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeir&#227;o Preto, University of S&#227;o Paulo, Avenida do Caf&#233;, s/n. Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeir&#227;o Preto, SP 14040-903, Brazil. pedranjo@fcfrp.usp.br.
Pedro Alves
PA
da Rocha-Filho
Centro Universit&#225;rio Bar&#227;o de Mau&#225;, R. Ramos de Azevedo, 423, Jardim Paulista, Ribeir&#227;o Preto, SP 14090-180, Brazil. monica.maruno@baraodemaua.br.
Mônica
M
Maruno
College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Rua Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, s/n, Petr&#243;polis, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil. ferrarimarcio@uol.com.br.
Márcio
M
Ferrari
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeir&#227;o Preto, University of S&#227;o Paulo, Avenida do Caf&#233;, s/n. Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeir&#227;o Preto, SP 14040-903, Brazil. topan@fcfrp.usp.br.
José Fernando
JF
Topan
D000287:Administration, Topical; D001938:Brazil; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D004355:Drug Stability; D004655:Emulsions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D050866:Liquid Crystals / Q000737:chemistry*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects*; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
D003358:Cosmetics; D004655:Emulsions; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014867:Water
cosmetic products; fatty esters; liquid crystal; sunflower oil