What can we learn from a two-brain approach to verbal interaction?
Verbal interaction is one of the most frequent social interactions humans encounter on a daily basis. In the current paper, we zoom in on what the multi-brain approach has contributed, and can contribute in the future, to our understanding of the neural mechanisms supporting verbal interaction. Indeed, since verbal interaction can only exist between individuals, it seems intuitive to focus analyses on inter-individual neural markers, i.e. between-brain neural coupling. To date, however, there is a severe lack of theoretically-driven, testable hypotheses about what between-brain neural coupling actually reflects. In this paper, we develop a testable hypothesis in which between-pair variation in between-brain neural coupling is of key importance. Based on theoretical frameworks and empirical data, we argue that the level of between-brain neural coupling reflects speaker-listener alignment at different levels of linguistic and extra-linguistic representation. We discuss the possibility that between-brain neural coupling could inform us about the highest level of inter-speaker alignment: mutual understanding.
Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, P.O. Box 310, 6500 AH Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: Lotte.Schoot@mpi.nl.
Lotte
L
Schoot
Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, P.O. Box 310, 6500 AH Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Peter
P
Hagoort
School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
Katrien
K
Segaert
D001921:Brain; D001931:Brain Mapping; D032882:Comprehension; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D014705:Verbal Behavior
Alignment; Hyperscanning; Mutual understanding; Social neuroscience; Verbal communication