Common mental disorders and sociodemographic characteristics: baseline findings of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).
OBJECTIVE
To assess the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) and the association of CMD with sociodemographic characteristics in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) cohort.


METHODS
We analyzed data from the cross-sectional baseline assessment of the ELSA-Brasil, a cohort study of 15,105 civil servants from six Brazilian cities. The Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised (CIS-R) was used to investigate the presence of CMD, with a score ≥ 12 indicating a current CMD (last week). Specific diagnostic algorithms for each disorder were based on the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria. Prevalence ratios (PR) of the association between CMD and sociodemographic characteristics were estimated by Poisson regression.


RESULTS
CMD (CIS-R score ≥ 12) was found in 26.8% (95% confidence intervals [95%CI] 26.1-27.5). The highest burden occurred among women (PR 1.9; 95%CI 1.8-2.0), the youngest (PR 1.7; 95%CI 1.5-1.9), non-white individuals, and those without a university degree. The most frequent diagnostic category was anxiety disorders (16.2%), followed by depressive episodes (4.2%).


CONCLUSIONS
The burden of CMD was high, particularly among the more socially vulnerable groups. These findings highlight the need to strengthen public policies aimed to address health inequities related to mental disorders.
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS , Brazil, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Maria A
MA
Nunes
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS , Brazil, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Andréa P
AP
Pinheiro
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS , Brazil, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Marina
M
Bessel
Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP , Brazil, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
André R
AR
Brunoni
Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP , Brazil, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.|School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales , Australia, School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.|Discipline of Psychiatry, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales , Australia, Discipline of Psychiatry, Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Andrew H
AH
Kemp
Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP , Brazil, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Isabela M
IM
Benseñor
Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro. RJ , Brazil, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Dora
D
Chor
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG , Brazil, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Sandhi
S
Barreto
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS , Brazil, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Maria I
MI
Schmidt
D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005221:Fatigue / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012737:Sex Factors; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D066252:Sociological Factors