Glucagon-like peptide-1 drives energy metabolism on the synaptic highway.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), a gut-brain hormone, coordinates energy balance in both peripheral organs and the central nervous system (CNS). In the pancreas, GLP-1 facilitates insulin exocytosis or suppresses glucagon exocytosis via multiple pathways such as regulating KATP/Kv channels, N-type Ca2+channels, and the readily releasable pool. In the CNS, GLP-1 signaling regulates neuronal excitability in various brain regions, including neurons in the hippocampus, hypothalamus, and mesolimbic systems. GLP-1 modulation on synaptic transmission includes both pre- and postsynaptic pathways that are either excitatory or inhibitory. Synaptic transmission conveys information flow in the brain and governs brain-mediated behaviors. The study of GLP-1 control of energy metabolism at a synaptic level may shed light on the role of GLP-1 function in the brain. Various challenges remain including defining the mechanism of GLP-1 release in the brain.
Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.|Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Ji
J
Liu
Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.|Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Zhiping P
ZP
Pang
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D054795:Incretins / Q000494:pharmacology; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
D054795:Incretins; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D002118:Calcium
GPCR; diabetes; energy metabolism; glucagon-like peptide-1; synaptic transmission