Effects of ACL Reconstructive Surgery on Temporal Variations of Cytokine Levels in Synovial Fluid.
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction restores knee stability but does not reduce the incidence of posttraumatic osteoarthritis induced by inflammatory cytokines. The aim of this research was to longitudinally measure IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α levels in patients subjected to ACL reconstruction using bone-patellar tendon-bone graft. Synovial fluid was collected within 24-72 hours of ACL rupture (acute), 1 month after injury immediately prior to surgery (presurgery), and 1 month thereafter (postsurgery). For comparison, a "control" group consisted of individuals presenting chronic ACL tears. Our results indicate that levels of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 vary significantly over time in reconstruction patients. In the acute phase, the levels of these cytokines in reconstruction patients were significantly greater than those in controls. In the presurgery phase, cytokine levels in reconstruction patients were reduced and comparable with those in controls. Finally, cytokine levels increased again with respect to control group in the postsurgery phase. The levels of IL-1β and TNF-α showed no temporal variation. Our data show that the history of an ACL injury, including trauma and reconstruction, has a significant impact on levels of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 in synovial fluid but does not affect levels of TNF-α and IL-1β.
Orthopedic Department, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
Marco
M
Bigoni
Orthopedic Department, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
Marco
0000-0002-5208-3077
M
Turati
NearLab, Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Marta
M
Gandolla
Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy.
Paola
P
Sacerdote
Orthopedic Department, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
Massimiliano
M
Piatti
Orthopedic Department, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
Alberto
A
Castelnuovo
Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, Italy.
Silvia
S
Franchi
Orthopedic Department, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
Massimo
M
Gorla
Orthopedic Department, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
Daniele
D
Munegato
Orthopedic Department, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
Diego
D
Gaddi
NearLab, Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Alessandra
A
Pedrocchi
Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada P7B 5E1.
Robert J
RJ
Omeljaniuk
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
Vittorio
V
Locatelli
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
Antonio
A
Torsello
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000601:surgery*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
C508606:CXCL8 protein, human; D016207:Cytokines; C508609:IL10 protein, human; C508585:IL1B protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10