Study on Rotavirus Infection and Its Genotyping in Children Below 5 Years in South West Iran.
BACKGROUND
Human rotaviruses are the most important agents for severe dehydrating diarrhea in children below 5 years old. Rotaviruses (RV) is a serious public health problem in developing and developed countries.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of rotavirus infection and their genotypes in children younger than 5 years of age with acute diarrhea in Ahvaz, Iran.


METHODS
For this study, 200 stool samples from children below 5 years of age with acute diarrhea were collected between October 2011 and March 2012. Initially all stool samples were tested for rotavirus antigen by ELISA, and positive samples were confirmed by RT-PCR targeting the VP6 rotavirus gene. Determination of rotavirus genotypes was carried out by performing RT-PCR for G and P types. Altogether, 15 samples were sequenced.


RESULTS
Out of 200 stool samples, 100 (50%) had rotavirus antigen detected by ELISA and 73 (36.5%) were found positive by RT-PCR. Of the rotavirus strains identified, only 63 (86.3%) were positive for both VP7 and VP4 while 10 (13.7%) strains were found nontypeable. Rotavirus infection accounts for 36.5% of gastroenteritis cases in samples from symptomatic children. The most prevalent rotavirus genotypes were G1P [8] (80%) followed by G2P [4] (20%).


CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that group A rotavirus is a major pathogene of acute diarrhea in Ahvaz city. The genotypes circulating are similar with those of other countries.
Virology Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran.
Azarakhsh
A
Azaran
Virology Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran; Health Research Institute, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran.
Manoochehr
M
Makvandi
Virology Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran; Health Research Institute, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran.
Alireza
A
Samarbafzadeh
Virology Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran.
Niloofar
N
Neisi
Aboozar Children's Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran.
Mohsen
M
Hoseinzadeh
Virology Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran.
Mojtaba
M
Rasti
Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
Majid
M
Teymurirad
Virology Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran.
Ali
A
Teimoori
Department of Infectious, Razi Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran.
Mehran
M
Varnaseri
School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran.
Kamyar
K
Makvandi
Diarrhea; Genotypes; Iran; RT-PCR; Rotavirus; Sequencing