Highly Efficient and Facile Photocatalytic Recycling System Suitable for ICAR ATRP of Hydrophilic Monomers.
Photoinduced initiators for continuous activator regeneration atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of hydrophilic monomers in heptane/ethanol latent-biphasic system for copper catalyst separation and recycling have been realized for the first time at room temperature with different wavelengths of visible light LED (green, blue, purple, and white LED) as external stimulus, using 2-bromophenylacetate as the ATRP initiator and camphorquinone/triethylamine as the photoinitiator. In this system, hybrid catalyst complex (HCc) is synthesized as a novel nonpolar catalyst, which is preferentially dissolved in heptane. The hydrophilic polymers obtained catalyzed by HCc in heptane/ethanol mixture solvent show typical "living" features, for example, the values of Mn,GPC increase linearly with monomer conversion up to quantitative level (>96%) and the molecular weight distributions were kept narrow (Mw /Mn < 1.20) throughout the polymerization process. It should be noted that the excellent controllability of this novel polymerization system can be achieved even after 5 catalyst recycling experiments under LED irradiation.
Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
Xiaowu
X
Jiang
Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
Lifen
L
Zhang
Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
Zhenping
Z
Cheng
Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
Xiulin
X
Zhu
D000085:Acetates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002164:Camphor / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D002384:Catalysis; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D005021:Ethylamines / Q000737:chemistry*; D006536:Heptanes / Q000737:chemistry; D008027:Light; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D058105:Polymerization; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000528:radiation effects; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature
D000085:Acetates; D005021:Ethylamines; D006536:Heptanes; D010636:Phenols; D011108:Polymers; D012997:Solvents; D000431:Ethanol; D002164:Camphor; D003300:Copper; C553149:camphorquinone; C016162:triethylamine
atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP); catalyst recycling; hydrophilic monomers; latent-biphasic catalysis; visible light induced ATRP