Replication of Tobamovirus RNA.
Tobacco mosaic virus and other tobamoviruses have served as models for studying the mechanisms of viral RNA replication. In tobamoviruses, genomic RNA replication occurs via several steps: (a) synthesis of viral replication proteins by translation of the genomic RNA; (b) translation-coupled binding of the replication proteins to a 5'-terminal region of the genomic RNA; (c) recruitment of the genomic RNA by replication proteins onto membranes and formation of a complex with host proteins TOM1 and ARL8; (d) synthesis of complementary (negative-strand) RNA in the complex; and (e) synthesis of progeny genomic RNA. This article reviews current knowledge on tobamovirus RNA replication, particularly regarding how the genomic RNA is specifically selected as a replication template and how the replication proteins are activated. We also focus on the roles of the replication proteins in evading or suppressing host defense systems.
Plant and Microbial Research Unit, Division of Plant and Microbial Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba 305-8602, Japan email: bashi@affrc.go.jp , ishika32@affrc.go.jp.
Kazuhiro
K
Ishibashi
Plant and Microbial Research Unit, Division of Plant and Microbial Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba 305-8602, Japan email: bashi@affrc.go.jp , ishika32@affrc.go.jp.
Masayuki
M
Ishikawa
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D017898:Tobamovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014779:Virus Replication
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D012367:RNA, Viral
Tobacco mosaic virus; Tomato mosaic virus; host factor; replication protein; virus resistance