Cardioprotective Potentials of Plant-Derived Small Molecules against Doxorubicin Associated Cardiotoxicity.
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent and widely used anthracycline antibiotic for the treatment of several malignancies. Unfortunately, the clinical utility of DOX is often restricted due to the elicitation of organ toxicity. Particularly, the increased risk for the development of dilated cardiomyopathy by DOX among the cancer survivors warrants major attention from the physicians as well as researchers to develop adjuvant agents to neutralize the noxious effects of DOX on the healthy myocardium. Despite these pitfalls, the use of traditional cytotoxic drugs continues to be the mainstay treatment for several types of cancer. Recently, phytochemicals have gained attention for their anticancer, chemopreventive, and cardioprotective activities. The ideal cardioprotective agents should not compromise the clinical efficacy of DOX and should be devoid of cumulative or irreversible toxicity on the naïve tissues. Furthermore, adjuvants possessing synergistic anticancer activity and quelling of chemoresistance would significantly enhance the clinical utility in combating DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. The present review renders an overview of cardioprotective effects of plant-derived small molecules and their purported mechanisms against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Phytochemicals serve as the reservoirs of pharmacophore which can be utilized as templates for developing safe and potential novel cardioprotective agents in combating DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, UAE.
Shreesh
S
Ojha
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, UAE.
Hasan
H
Al Taee
Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India.
Sameer
S
Goyal
Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India.
Umesh B
UB
Mahajan
Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India.
Chandrgouda R
CR
Patil
Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
D S
DS
Arya
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, UAE.
Mohanraj
M
Rajesh
D000818:Animals; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D066126:Cardiotoxicity / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry*; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D064209:Phytochemicals; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries; D004317:Doxorubicin