Epithelial Membrane Protein-2 in Human Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy and Epiretinal Membranes.
To determine the level of epithelial membrane protein-2 (EMP2) expression in preretinal membranes from surgical patients with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) or epiretinal membranes (ERMs). EMP2, an integrin regulator, is expressed in the retinal pigment epithelium and understanding EMP2 expression in human retinal disease may help determine whether EMP2 is a potential therapeutic target.



Preretinal membranes were collected during surgical vitrectomies after obtaining consents. The membranes were fixed, processed, sectioned, and protein expression of EMP2 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The staining intensity (SI) and percentage of positive cells (PP) in membranes were compared by masked observers. Membranes were categorized by their cause and type including inflammatory and traumatic.



All of the membranes stained positive for EMP2. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy-induced membranes (all causes) showed greater expression of EMP2 than ERMs with higher SI (1.81 vs. 1.38; P = 0.07) and PP (2.08 vs. 1.54; P = 0.09). However all the PVR subgroups had similar levels of EMP2 expression without statistically significant differences by Kruskal-Wallis test. Inflammatory PVR had higher expression of EMP2 than ERMs (SI of 2.58 vs. 1.38); however, this was not statistically significant. No correlation was found between duration of PVR membrane and EMP2 expression. EMP2 was detected by RT-PCR in all samples (n = 6) tested.



All studied ERMs and PVR membranes express EMP2. Levels of EMP2 trended higher in all PVR subgroups than in ERMs, especially in inflammatory and traumatic PVR. Future studies are needed to determine the role of EMP2 in the pathogenesis and treatment of various retinal conditions including PVR.
Department of Ophthalmology University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, United States.
David G
DG
Telander
Department of Ophthalmology University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, United States.
Alfred K
AK
Yu
Department of Ophthalmology University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, United States.
Krisztina I
KI
Forward
Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States.
Shawn A
SA
Morales
Department of Ophthalmology University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, United States.
Lawrence S
LS
Morse
Department of Ophthalmology University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, United States.
Susanna S
SS
Park
Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States.
Lynn K
LK
Gordon
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D019773:Epiretinal Membrane / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D055213:Retinal Pigment Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018630:Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
C486403:EMP2 protein, human; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012313:RNA