Adulthood stress responses in rats are variably altered as a factor of adolescent stress exposure.
Stress exposure during development may influence adulthood stress response severity. The present study investigates persisting effects of two adolescent stressors upon adulthood response to predator exposure (PE). Rats were exposed to underwater trauma (UWT) or PE during adolescence, then to PE after reaching adulthood. Rats were then exposed to predator odor (PO) to test responses to predator cues alone. Behavioral and neuroendocrine assessments were conducted to determine acute effects of each stress experience. Adolescent stress altered behavioral response to adulthood PE. Acoustic startle response was blunted. Bidirectional changes in plus maze exploration were revealed as a factor of adolescent stress type. Neuroendocrine response magnitude did not predict severity of adolescent or adult stress response, suggesting that different adolescent stress events may differentially alter developmental outcomes regardless of acute behavioral or neuroendocrine response. We report that exposure to two different stressors in adolescence may differentially affect stress response outcomes in adulthood. Acute response to an adolescent stressor may not be consistent across all stressors or all dependent measures, and may not predict alterations in developmental outcomes pertaining to adulthood stress exposure. Further studies are needed to characterize factors underlying long-term effects of a developmental stressor.
a Military Psychiatry Branch , Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring , MD , USA.
Nicole L T
NL
Moore
a Military Psychiatry Branch , Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring , MD , USA.
Daniel E
DE
Altman
a Military Psychiatry Branch , Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring , MD , USA.
Sangeeta
S
Gauchan
a Military Psychiatry Branch , Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring , MD , USA.
Raymond F
RF
Genovese
D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D003463:Cues; D008297:Male; D009812:Odorants; D051381:Rats; D013216:Reflex, Startle / Q000502:physiology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology*
Adolescence; adulthood; behavior; development; modulation; predator exposure; stress; underwater trauma