18F-Fluoroestradiol PET: Current Status and Potential Future Clinical Applications.
Estrogen receptor (ER) expression in breast cancer is associated with a more favorable prognosis and is necessary for a response to endocrine therapies. Traditionally, ER expression is assessed by in vitro assays on biopsied tumor tissue. However, recent advances have allowed in vivo evaluation of ER expression with (18)F-fluoroestradiol ((18)F-FES) PET. Clinical studies have demonstrated the use of (18)F-FES PET as a method for quantifying in vivo ER expression and have explored its potential as a predictive assay and method of assessing in vivo pharmacodynamic response to endocrine therapy. This review outlines the biology and pharmacokinetics of (18)F-FES, highlights the current experience with (18)F-FES in patient studies on breast cancer and other diseases, and discusses potential clinical applications and the possible future clinical use of (18)F-FES PET.
Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Geraldine J
GJ
Liao
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and.
Amy S
AS
Clark
Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Erin K
EK
Schubert
Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania david.mankoff@uphs.upenn.edu.
David A
DA
Mankoff
D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000639:trends*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000639:trends*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism*
D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D004958:Estradiol; C043436:16-fluoroestradiol
18F-fluoroestradiol; breast cancer; estrogen receptor; positron emission tomography