Nestin expression on tumour vessels and tumour-infiltrating macrophages define a poor prognosis subgroup of pt1 clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
The behaviour of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) is highly unpredictable. Despite adequate initial surgery, 20 to 30 % of patients will develop local recurrence or metastasis during follow-up. Usual clinical and pathology parameters tend to classify most patients in an intermediate prognosis group, and molecular markers to determine prognosis more accurately are needed. A key feature of CCRCC is its abundant vascularization. Factors that upregulate angiogenesis, such as hypoxia and the presence of immune cells including macrophages, also modulate tumour proliferation and metastasis. We studied angiogenesis, as defined by nestin-positive capillaries, and tumour infiltration by macrophages especially in the good prognosis pT1 subgroup of CCRCC. We assessed whether these parameters are associated with metastatic extension and survival in CCRCC. The expression of HIF1α, CAIX, nestin, CD68 and CD163 was assessed by immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray (TMA) containing tissue samples from 257 consecutive patients with sporadic CCRCC. Factors associated with progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analysed. The presence of nestin-positive tumour vessels was independently associated with shorter PFS in the whole cohort and in the pT1 subgroup. The presence of tumour-infiltrating macrophages was independently associated with shorter OS in the whole cohort and in the pT1 subgroup. The presence of nestin-positive endothelial cells is associated with early relapse, especially in the pT1 subgroup and may help to select patients for antiangiogenic treatment. The presence of tumour-infiltrating M2-type macrophages is a strong predictor of short survival and may be used to adapt treatment strategy.
Pathology Department, Beaujon Hospital, U1149-University Paris Diderot, 100 Bvd Gal Leclerc, 92110, Clichy, France. jerome.cros@aphp.fr.
Jérôme
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-3865
J
Cros
UPEC-EA7379, Creteil, France.
Emilie
E
Sbidian
Pathology Department, Bicêtre Hospital, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud (AP-HP), 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94275, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France.
Katia
K
Posseme
URC, Bicêtre Hospital, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud (AP-HP), 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94275, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France.
Alexia
A
Letierce
Pathology Department, Bicêtre Hospital, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud (AP-HP), 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94275, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France.
Catherine
C
Guettier
Urology Department, Bicêtre Hospital, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud (AP-HP), 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94275, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, Cedex, France.
Gérard
G
Benoît
Pathology Department, Bicêtre Hospital, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud (AP-HP), 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94275, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France.
Sophie
S
Ferlicot
D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000098:blood supply / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D064231:Nestin / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D019043:Vascular Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D064231:Nestin
Nestin; Prognostic factors; Renal cell carcinoma; Tumour-infiltrating macrophages