Performance and cross-crop resistance of Cry1F-maize selected Spodoptera frugiperda on transgenic Bt cotton: implications for resistance management.
Transgenic crops producing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins have become a primary tool in pest management. Due to the intensive use of Bt crops, resistance of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, to Cry1F maize has occurred in Puerto Rico, Brazil, and some areas of the southeastern U.S. The sustainability of Bt crops faces a great challenge because the Cry1F-maize resistant S. frugiperda may also infest other Bt crops in multiple cropping ecosystems. Here we examined the survival and plant injury of a S. frugiperda population selected with Cry1F maize on three single-gene and five pyramided Bt cotton products. Larvae of Cry1F-susceptible (SS), -heterozygous (RS), and -resistant (RR) genotypes of S. frugiperda were all susceptible to the pyramided cotton containing Cry1Ac/Cry2Ab, Cry1Ac/Cry1F/Vip3A, Cry1Ab/Cry2Ae, or Cry1Ab/Cry2Ae/Vip3A, and the single-gene Cry2Ae cotton. Pyramided cotton containing Cry1Ac/Cry1F was effective against SS and RS, but not for RR. These findings show that the Cry1F-maize selected S. frugiperda can cause cross-crop resistance to other Bt crops expressing similar insecticidal proteins. Resistance management and pest management programs that utilize diversify mortality factors must be implemented to ensure the sustainability of Bt crops. This is especially important in areas where resistance to single-gene Bt crops is already widespread.
Macon Ridge Research Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Winnsboro, LA 71295, USA.|Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
Fei
F
Yang
Macon Ridge Research Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Winnsboro, LA 71295, USA.|Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
David L
DL
Kerns
Macon Ridge Research Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Winnsboro, LA 71295, USA.
Sebe
S
Brown
Cotton Incorporated, 6399 Weston Parkway, Cary, NC 27513, USA.
Ryan
R
Kurtz
Bayer CropScience, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
Tim
T
Dennehy
Dow AgroSciences, Travelers Rest, SC, 29690, USA.
Bo
B
Braxton
Monsanto Company, St. Louis, MO 63167, USA.
Graham
G
Head
Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
Fangneng
F
Huang
D000818:Animals; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000469:parasitology; D060467:Disease Resistance; D003368:Gossypium / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000469:parasitology; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000254:growth & development / Q000469:parasitology; D018411:Spodoptera / Q000502:physiology*
D001426:Bacterial Proteins