Personalizing NSCLC therapy by characterizing tumors using TKI-PET and immuno-PET.
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) therapy has entered a rapidly advancing era of precision medicine with an ever increasing number of drugs directed against a variety of specific tumor targets. Amongst these new agents, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are most frequently used. However, as only a sensitive subgroup of patients benefits from targeting drugs, predictive biomarkers are needed. Positron emission tomography (PET) may offer such a biomarker for predicting therapy efficacy. Some of the TKIs and mAbs that are in clinical use can be radioactively labeled and used as tracers. PET can visualize and quantify tumor specific uptake of radiolabeled targeting drugs, allowing for characterization of their pharmacokinetic behavior. In this review, the clinical potential of PET using radiolabeled TKIs (TKI-PET) and mAbs (immuno-PET) in NSCLC is discussed, and an overview is provided of the most relevant preclinical and clinical studies.
Departments of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: i.bahce@vumc.nl.
I
I
Bahce
Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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M
Yaqub
Departments of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
E F
EF
Smit
Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
A A
AA
Lammertsma
Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
G A M S
GA
van Dongen
Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Clinical Pharmacology & Pharmacy, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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NH
Hendrikse
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D064593:Heterografts; D006801:Humans; D018796:Immunoconjugates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy; D051379:Mice; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D057285:Precision Medicine; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
NSCLC; PET; TKI-PET; immuno-PET