Inhibition of the Aspergillus flavus Growth and Aflatoxin B1 Contamination on Pistachio Nut by Fengycin and Surfactin-Producing Bacillus subtilis UTBSP1.
In this study, the treatment of pistachio nuts by Bacillus subtilis UTBSP1, a promising isolate to degrade aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), caused to reduce the growth of Aspergillus flavus R5 and AFB1 content on pistachio nuts. Fluorescence probes revealed that the cell free supernatant fluid from UTBSP1 affects spore viability considerably. Using high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method, 10 fractions were separated and collected from methanol extract of cell free supernatant fluid. Two fractions showed inhibition zones against A. flavus. Mass spectrometric analysis of the both antifungal fractions revealed a high similarity between these anti-A. flavus compounds and cyclic-lipopeptides of surfactin, and fengycin families. Coproduction of surfactin and fengycin acted in a synergistic manner and consequently caused a strong antifungal activity against A. flavus R5. There was a positive significant correlation between the reduction of A. flavus growth and the reduction of AFB1 contamination on pistachio nut by UTBSP1. The results indicated that fengycin and surfactin-producing B. subtilis UTBSP1 can potentially reduce A. flavus growth and AFB1 content in pistachio nut.
Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19835-389, Iran; Institute of Food Safety and Quality, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
Mohsen
M
Farzaneh
Institute of Food Safety and Quality, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
Zhi-Qi
ZQ
Shi
Department of Plant Protection, University of Tehran, Karaj 4111, Iran.
Masoud
M
Ahmadzadeh
Institute of Food Safety and Quality, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; School of Food, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China.
Liang-Bin
LB
Hu
Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 19835-389, Iran.
Alireza
A
Ghassempour
Bacillus subtilis; aflatoxin B1; antifungal activity; fengycin; surfactin