Association of impaired fasting glucose, diabetes and dietary patterns with mortality: a 10-year follow-up cohort in Eastern China.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the association between impaired fasting glucose (IFG)/type 2 diabetes and mortality as well as to explore any interactions with dietary intake patterns in a Chinese population.


METHODS
We followed 2849 Chinese adults aged 20 years and older for 10 years. Fasting plasma glucose was measured at baseline in 2002. Dietary patterns were constructed using factor analysis. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) were calculated by Cox proportional hazards analysis (all-cause mortality) and competing risks regression [cardiovascular disease (CVD)].


RESULTS
Of the 2849 participants, 102 had diabetes and 178 had impaired fasting glucose (IFG) at baseline. We documented 184 deaths (70 CVD deaths) during 27,914 person-years of follow-up. Diabetes was associated with death from all causes (HR 2.69, 95 % CI 1.62-4.49) after adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Diabetes had a HR of 1.97 (95 % CI 0.84-4.60) for CVD death. IFG had 83 % increased risk of all-cause mortality. Among those with low and high intake of a vegetable-rich dietary pattern, the HR of IFG/diabetes for all-cause mortality was 3.25 (95 %CI 1.95-5.44) and 1.38 (95 % CI 0.75-2.55) (p for interaction 0.019), respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
Diabetes and IFG are associated with a substantial increased risk of death in Chinese adults. Dietary patterns associated with a high intake of vegetable were associated with a decrease in the risk of mortality for those with IFG/diabetes.
Department of Nutrition and Foodborne Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China. Zumin.shi@adelaide.edu.au.|Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Level 7, SAHMRI, North TCE, Adelaide, 5000, Australia. Zumin.shi@adelaide.edu.au.
Zumin
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3099-3299
Z
Shi
Department of Nutrition and Foodborne Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China.
Shiqi
S
Zhen
BakerIDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.|Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Paul Z
PZ
Zimmet
Department of Nutrition and Foodborne Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China.
Yonglin
Y
Zhou
Department of Nutrition and Foodborne Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China.
Yijing
Y
Zhou
BakerIDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
Dianna J
DJ
Magliano
Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Level 7, SAHMRI, North TCE, Adelaide, 5000, Australia.
Anne W
AW
Taylor
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D004032:Diet; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models
D001786:Blood Glucose
Chinese; Cohort study; Diabetes; Dietary pattern; Mortality