Nutrigenomics and Beef Quality: A Review about Lipogenesis.
The objective of the present review is to discuss the results of published studies that show how nutrition affects the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and how diet manipulation might change marbling and composition of fat in beef. Several key points in the synthesis of fat in cattle take place at the molecular level, and the association of nutritional factors with the modulation of this metabolism is one of the recent targets of nutrigenomic research. Within this context, special attention has been paid to the study of nuclear receptors associated with fatty acid metabolism. Among the transcription factors involved in lipid metabolism, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) stand out. The mRNA synthesis of these transcription factors is regulated by nutrients, and their metabolic action might be potentiated by diet components and change lipogenesis in muscle. Among the options for dietary manipulation with the objective to modulate lipogenesis, the use of different sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids, starch concentrations, forage ratios and vitamins stand out. Therefore, special care must be exercised in feedlot feed management, mainly when the goal is to produce high marbling beef.
Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil. mladeira@dzo.ufla.br.
Marcio M
MM
Ladeira
Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA. jschoonm@purdue.edu.
Jon P
JP
Schoonmaker
Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil. mateus.pg@dzo.ufla.br.
Mateus P
MP
Gionbelli
Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil. diasjuliovet@yahoo.com.br.
Júlio C O
JC
Dias
Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil. tathytt@yahoo.com.br.
Tathyane R S
TR
Gionbelli
Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil. jose_rodolfo@zootecnista.com.br.
José Rodolfo R
JR
Carvalho
Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil. priscilla_zoo@yahoo.com.br.
Priscilla D
PD
Teixeira
D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D050155:Lipogenesis; D054647:Nutrigenomics / Q000379:methods*; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000069466:Red Meat / Q000032:analysis; D014815:Vitamins / Q000494:pharmacology
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D014815:Vitamins
PPAR; SREBF1; gene expression; lipogenesis; transcription factors