Copeptin and the risk of incident stroke, CHD and cardiovascular mortality in older men with and without diabetes: The British Regional Heart Study.
This study aimed to examine the association between copeptin (a surrogate marker of arginine vasopressin) and incident stroke, CHD and cardiovascular mortality in older men with and without diabetes.



We conducted a prospective study of 3536 men aged 60-79 years who were followed for an average of 13 years. During this period, there were 437 major CHD events (fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction [MI]), 323 stroke events (fatal and non-fatal) and 497 cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths. Prevalent diabetes was defined on the basis of a history of doctor-diagnosed diabetes or fasting blood glucose ≥7.0 mmol or HbA1c ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol) (n = 428).



No association was seen between copeptin and incident stroke or CVD mortality in men without diabetes after adjustment for conventional cardiovascular risk factors, renal dysfunction, and insulin and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide levels. In contrast, elevated copeptin levels were associated with an increased risk of stroke and CVD mortality in men with diabetes after these adjustments. Compared with those in the lowest tertile of copeptin, men in the top tertile had adjusted relative HRs for stroke and CVD death of 2.34 (95% CI 1.04, 5.27) and 2.21 (1.12, 4.36), respectively. The risk of stroke and CVD mortality remained increased after the exclusion of men with prevalent stroke or MI. Higher levels of copeptin were associated with increased risk of CHD in the diabetic and non-diabetic groups, but these associations were attenuated after exclusion of individuals with a previous stroke or MI.



Copeptin was independently associated with an increased risk of incident stroke and CVD mortality in men with diabetes, but not in men without diabetes. Targeting the arginine vasopressin system might have beneficial effects on CVD mortality and stroke risk in older men with diabetes.
Department of Primary Care and Population Health, UCL Medical School, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill St, London, NW3 2PF, UK. g.wannamethee@ucl.ac.uk.
S Goya
SG
Wannamethee
Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Paul
P
Welsh
Department of Primary Care and Population Health, UCL Medical School, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill St, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
Lucy
L
Lennon
Department of Primary Care and Population Health, UCL Medical School, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill St, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
Olia
O
Papacosta
Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
Peter H
PH
Whincup
Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Naveed
N
Sattar
D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006020:Glycopeptides / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*
D015415:Biomarkers; D006020:Glycopeptides; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C048197:copeptins; C109794:pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76); D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain
Cardiovascular mortality; Copeptin; Coronary heart disease; Diabetes; Epidemiology; Stroke