Interrater Reliability and Concurrent Validity of a New Rating Scale to Assess the Performance of Everyday Life Tasks in Dementia: The Core Elements Method.
Errorless learning (EL) is an instructional procedure involving error reduction during learning. Errorless learning is mostly examined by counting correctly executed task steps or by rating them using a Task Performance Scale (TPS). Here, we explore the validity and reliability of a new assessment procedure, the core elements method (CEM), which rates essential building blocks of activities rather than individual steps. Task performance was assessed in 35 patients with Alzheimer's dementia recruited from the Relearning methods on Daily Living task performance of persons with Dementia (REDALI-DEM) study using TPS and CEM independently. Results showed excellent interrater reliabilities for both measure methods (CEM: intraclass coefficient [ICC] = .85; TPS: ICC = .97). Also, both methods showed a high agreement (CEM: mean of measurement difference [MD] = -3.44, standard deviation [SD] = 14.72; TPS: MD = -0.41, SD = 7.89) and correlated highly (>.75). Based on these results, TPS and CEM are both valid for assessing task performance. However, since TPS is more complicated and time consuming, CEM may be the preferred method for future research projects.
Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands maartje.dewerd@radboudumc.nl.|Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboud Alzheimer Centre, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.|Department of Psychology, De Zorggroep, Venlo, the Netherlands.
Maartje M E
MM
de Werd
Department of Social Psychology and Methodology, Psychological Institute, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany.
Angela C
AC
Hoelzenbein
Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.|Klimmendaal Rehabilitation Centre Arnhem, the Netherlands.
Daniëlle H E
DH
Boelen
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboud Alzheimer Centre, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.|Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Marcel G M Olde
MG
Rikkert
Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Michael
M
Hüell
Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.|Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboud Alzheimer Centre, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.|Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Roy P C
RP
Kessels
Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.|University Medical Center Freiburg, Cochrane Germany, Freiburg, Germany.
Sebastian
S
Voigt-Radloff
D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000592:standards*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000592:standards*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis
activities of daily living; dementia; errorless learning; task performance analysis