Exchange Sex and HIV Infection Among Men Who Have Sex with Men: 20 US Cities, 2011.
This study assessed the prevalence of exchanging sex for money or drugs among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the 2011 US National HIV Behavioral Surveillance system. Prevalence of HIV, being HIV-positive but unaware (HIV-positive-unaware), risk behaviors and use of services were compared between MSM who did and did not receive money or drugs from one or more casual male partners in exchange for oral or anal sex in the past 12 months. Among 8411 MSM, 7.0 % exchanged sex. MSM who exchanged sex were more likely to be non-Hispanic black, live in poverty, have injected drugs, have multiple condomless anal sex partners, be HIV-positive and be HIV-positive-unaware. In multivariable analysis, exchange sex was associated with being HIV-positive-unaware (aPR 1.34, 95 % CI 1.05-1.69) after adjusting for race/ethnicity, age, education, poverty, and injecting drugs. MSM who exchange sex represent an important group to reach with HIV prevention, testing, and care services as they were more likely to report behavioral risk factors that put them at risk of HIV.
Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS-E46, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA. vif7@cdc.gov.|Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. vif7@cdc.gov.
Lina
L
M Nerlander
Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS-E46, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.
Kristen L
KL
Hess
Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS-E46, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.
Catlainn
C
Sionean
Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS-E46, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.
Charles
C
E Rose
Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Anna
A
Thorson
Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS-E46, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.
Dita
D
Broz
Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS-E46, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.
Gabriela
G
Paz-Bailey
D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D001727:Bisexuality; D002947:Cities / Q000453:epidemiology; D005006:Ethnicity; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011203:Poverty; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D011477:Sex Work / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012747:Sexual Partners; D000072339:Sexual and Gender Minorities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D047568:Unsafe Sex / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D044465:White People
Exchange sex; HIV; MSM; Prostitution; Sex work; Undiagnosed HIV