Peptidomic analysis of the anterior temporal lobe and corpus callosum from schizophrenia patients.
Schizophrenia is a complex disorder hypothesized to develop from a combination of genetic, neurodevelopmental, and environmental factors. Molecules that are directly involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and may serve as biomarker candidates can be identified with "omics" approaches such as proteomics and peptidomics. In this context, we performed a peptidomic study in schizophrenia postmortem brains, to our knowledge the first such study in schizophrenia patients. We investigated the anterior temporal lobe (ATL) and corpus callosum (CC) by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and a label-free ion quantification technique based on data-dependent acquisition (DDA). Results indicated alterations in a specific intracellular neurogranin peptide in both the ATL and CC and a decrease of PepH, a fragment of histone H2B type 1-H intracellular peptide, in the ATL. PepH was tested in serum-deprived Neuro2A cells and showed a protective effect against cell death. Cells were also challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and PepH was able to prevent the endotoxic effects of LPS. Our data suggest that specific intracellular peptides are altered in schizophrenia patients. The potential biological activity of PepH supports intracellular peptides as novel targets in the study not only of schizophrenia but also of other neuropsychiatric diseases.



Psychiatric disorders are considerably more difficult to diagnose in their early stages. Usually, by the time the diagnosis is clear and clinical treatment can be started, the disorder is already established and thus of greater severity. Consequently, the scientific community has been searching for biomarker candidates that can aid the early detection of such disorders and for novel therapeutics to improve treatment or at least delay disease progression. Moreover, key molecules involved in the establishment of psychiatric diseases may help the understanding of their pathogenesis and thus drive the development of more effective treatments. The present work screened peptides that might be possible novel targets to control cell machinery in schizophrenia and identified an intracellular peptide with potential cytoprotective activity. To our knowledge, this is the first peptidomic study in schizophrenia patients.
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil.
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CC
Café-Mendes
Department of Pharmacology, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil.
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Ferro
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil.
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Torrão
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil.
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Crunfli
Special Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (LETA), Center of Toxins, Immune Response, and Cell Signaling (CETICS), Butantan Institute, 05503-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Rioli
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany; Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM27), Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Schmitt
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany.
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Falkai
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of São Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil.
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Britto
Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
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Turck
Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-862 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; UNICAMP's Neurobiology Center, Campinas, Brazil. Electronic address: dmsouza@unicamp.br.
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Martins-de-Souza
D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D006657:Histones / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D051579:Neurogranin / Q000032:analysis; D010455:Peptides / Q000032:analysis*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000473:pathology*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology
D015415:Biomarkers; D006657:Histones; C496649:NRGN protein, human; D010455:Peptides; D051579:Neurogranin
Anterior temporal lobe; Corpus callosum; Histone; Intracellular peptides; Peptidomics; Schizophrenia