A Novel Malaria Pf/Pv Ab Rapid Diagnostic Test Using a Differential Diagnostic Marker Identified by Network Biology.
Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) can detect anti-malaria antibodies in human blood. As they can detect parasite infection at the low parasite density, they are useful in endemic areas where light infection and/or re-infection of parasites are common. Thus, malaria antibody tests can be used for screening bloods in blood banks to prevent transfusion-transmitted malaria (TTM), an emerging problem in malaria endemic areas. However, only a few malaria antibody tests are available in the microwell-based assay format and these are not suitable for field application. A novel malaria antibody (Ab)-based RDT using a differential diagnostic marker for falciparum and vivax malaria was developed as a suitable high-throughput assay that is sensitive and practical for blood screening. The marker, merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1) was discovered by generation of a Plasmodium-specific network and the hierarchical organization of modularity in the network. Clinical evaluation revealed that the novel Malaria Pf/Pv Ab RDT shows improved sensitivity (98%) and specificity (99.7%) compared with the performance of a commercial kit, SD BioLine Malaria P.f/P.v (95.1% sensitivity and 99.1% specificity). The novel Malaria Pf/Pv Ab RDT has potential for use as a cost-effective blood-screening tool for malaria and in turn, reduces TTM risk in endemic areas.
1. Department of Bioinformatics, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
Sung Jin
SJ
Cho
2. Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
Jihoo
J
Lee
1. Department of Bioinformatics, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
Hyun Jae
HJ
Lee
3. Laboratory Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
Hyun-Young
HY
Jo
4. Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Pahang, Malaysia.
Mangalam
M
Sinniah
2. Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
Hak-Yong
HY
Kim
5. GenBody Inc., Dankook Biotech Business IC, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea.
Chom-Kyu
CK
Chong
6. Department of Infection Biology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.
Hyun-Ok
HO
Song
D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology; D003955:Diagnostic Tests, Routine / Q000379:methods*; D008288:Malaria / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000635:transmission; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000635:transmission; D016780:Malaria, Vivax / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000635:transmission; D020066:Merozoite Surface Protein 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D065227:Transfusion Reaction
D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D020066:Merozoite Surface Protein 1
Blood screening; MSP1; Malaria antibody test; Transfusion-transmitted malaria