Different effects of anthocyanins and phenolic acids from wild blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) on monocytes adhesion to endothelial cells in a TNF-α stimulated proinflammatory environment.
Monocyte adhesion to the vascular endothelium is a crucial step in the early stages of atherogenesis. This study aims to investigate the capacity of an anthocyanin (ACN) and phenolic acid (PA) rich fraction (RF) of a wild blueberry, single ACNs (cyanidin, malvidin, delphinidin) and related metabolites (protocatechuic, syringic, and gallic acid) to counteract monocytes (THP-1) adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) mediated proinflammatory environment.



HUVECs were incubated with different concentrations (from 0.01 to 10 μg/mL) of the compounds for 24 h. Labeled monocytic THP-1 cells were added to HUVECs and their adhesion was induced by TNF-α (100 ng/mL). ACN-RF reduced THP-1 adhesion to HUVECs with a maximum effect at 10 μg/mL (-33%). PA-RF counteracted THP-1 adhesion at 0.01, 0.1, and 1 μg/mL (-45, -48.7, and -27.6%, respectively), but not at maximum concentration. Supplementation with gallic acid reduced THP-1 adhesion to HUVECs with a maximum effect at 1 μg/mL (-29.9%), while malvidin-3-glucoside and syringic acid increased the adhesion. No effect was observed for the other compounds.



These results suggest that ACNs/PA-RF may prevent atherogenesis while the effects of the single ACNs and metabolites are controversial and merit further exploration.
Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Cristian
C
Del Bo'
Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Martin
M
Roursgaard
Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Marisa
M
Porrini
Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Steffen
S
Loft
Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Peter
P
Møller
Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Patrizia
P
Riso
D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism; D029798:Blueberry Plants / Q000737:chemistry*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000378:metabolism; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D005960:Glucosides; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism
D000872:Anthocyanins; D019040:E-Selectin; D005960:Glucosides; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; C065861:malvidin; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D005707:Gallic Acid; C458419:malvidin-3-glucoside; C017154:cyanidin; C001945:syringic acid; C017185:delphinidin; C017616:phenolic acid
Adhesion; Anthocyanins; Atherogenesis; Cell culture; Metabolites; Wild blueberry