DNA Damage in Chronic Kidney Disease: Evaluation of Clinical Biomarkers.
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit an increased cancer risk compared to a healthy control population. To be able to estimate the cancer risk of the patients and to assess the impact of interventional therapies thereon, it is of particular interest to measure the patients' burden of genomic damage. Chromosomal abnormalities, reduced DNA repair, and DNA lesions were found indeed in cells of patients with CKD. Biomarkers for DNA damage measurable in easily accessible cells like peripheral blood lymphocytes are chromosomal aberrations, structural DNA lesions, and oxidatively modified DNA bases. In this review the most common methods quantifying the three parameters mentioned above, the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay, the comet assay, and the quantification of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine, are evaluated concerning the feasibility of the analysis and regarding the marker's potential to predict clinical outcomes.
Institute of Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
Nicole
N
Schupp
Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany.
Helga
H
Stopper
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
August
A
Heidland
D015415:Biomarkers; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
D015415:Biomarkers