Relevance of BRAF and NRAS mutations in the primary tumor and metastases of papillary thyroid carcinomas.
Multifocality of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is common. BRAF and NRAS mutations are the most frequent genetic alterations in PTC. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution and relevance of BRAFT1799Aand NRAS mutations in PTC.



BRAFT1799Aand NRAS mutations were evaluated in 195 intrathyroid or metastatic foci from 29 patients with multifocal PTC.



BRAFT1799Amutation was positive in 46.7% of the 59 intrathyroid and 136 metastatic foci (91/195 foci). Heterogeneous BRAF pattern was observed in 51.7% patients (15/29 patients). Irrespective of BRAF status at diagnosis (thyroid or nodes), all patients with recurrent PTC presented BRAF-mutated metastases during follow-up. All foci were negative for NRAS mutations.



BRAF but not NRAS mutations were heterogeneously distributed among primary tumor, nodal sites, and recurrent disease. The BRAF status of metastases generated during the follow-up can differ from the status of foci at diagnosis. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 1772-1779, 2016.
Pharmacogenetics Unit, UGC Provincial de Farmacia de Granada, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, Spain.
Marisa
M
Cañadas-Garre
UGC Anatomía Patológica, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, Spain.
Patricia
P
Becerra-Massare
Department of Clinical Analysis and Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, Spain.
Antonia
A
Moreno Casares
Pharmacogenetics Unit, UGC Provincial de Farmacia de Granada, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, Spain.
Miguel Ángel
MÁ
Calleja-Hernández
Nuclear Medicine Department, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, Spain.
José Manuel
JM
Llamas-Elvira
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Q000235:genetics*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000077273:Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
D008565:Membrane Proteins; C482119:BRAF protein, human; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases; C579846:NRAS protein, human
BRAF; NRAS; metastases; multifocality; papillary thyroid carcinoma