Exposure to Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induces Neurotoxicity and Proinflammatory Response: Amelioration by Hesperidin.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are widely used in food packaging and may enter the body directly if exposed. Hereby, in this study, the oral administration was selected as the route of exposure for rats to nanoparticles and the effect of hesperidin (HSP, 100 mg/kg bwt) was evaluated on ZnONP (600 mg/kg bwt)-induced neurotoxicity in rats. ZnONPs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy. Neurotoxicity was observed as seen by elevation in serum inflammatory markers including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione (GSH) content in rat brains. Pretreatment of rats with HSP in ZnONP-treated group elevated activities of antioxidant enzymes. HSP also caused decrease in TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and CRP levels which was higher in the ZnONP-treated group. The results suggest that HSP augments antioxidant defense with anti-inflammatory response against ZnONP-induced neurotoxicity. The increased antioxidant enzymes enhance the antioxidant potential to reduce oxidative stress.
Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. sabi787@yahoo.com.
Sabah
S
Ansar
Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Manal
M
Abudawood
Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.|Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Alexandria, Moharram Bey, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt.
Sherifa Shaker
SS
Hamed
Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
Mukhtar M
MM
Aleem
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006569:Hesperidin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000633:toxicity*
D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D006569:Hesperidin; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D015034:Zinc Oxide
Interleukin-6 (IL-6); Neurotoxicity; Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α); Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP)