Azadirachta indica triterpenoids promote osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in vitro and in vivo.
Terpenoids were isolated using chromatographic purification through solvent purification technique and identified as Azadirone (1), Epoxyazadiradione (2) Azadiradione (3) Gedunin (4) Nimbin (5) Salannin (6) Azadirachtin A (7) and Azadirachtin B (8) from Azadirachta indica. Out of eight compounds, only three compounds had osteogenic activity and enhanced osteoblast proliferation, differentiation and mineralization in osteoblast cells. Active compounds stimulated osteogenic genes ALP, RunX-2 and OCN expressions in vitro, but Azadirachtin A had a maximum ability to stimulate osteoblast differentiation and mineralization compared to other two active compounds. For in vivo study, Azadirachtin A injected subcutaneously in pups, which enhanced osteogenic gene expressions and promoted bone formation rate significantly. Here, we conclude that active compounds of Azadirachta indica have osteogenic activity and Azadirachtin A has a beneficial effects on bone.
CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031, India.
Priyanka
P
Kushwaha
CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031, India.
Vikram
V
Khedgikar
Chemical Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India.
Saikat
S
Haldar
CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031, India.
Jyoti
J
Gautam
Chemical Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India.
Fayaj A
FA
Mulani
Chemical Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India; CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi 110007, India. Electronic address: hv.thulasiram@ncl.res.in.
Hirekodathakallu V
HV
Thulasiram
CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031, India. Electronic address: ritu_trivedi@cdri.res.in.
Ritu
R
Trivedi
D031601:Azadirachta / Q000737:chemistry*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
D014315:Triterpenes
ALP and mineralization assay; Balb/c mice pups; Calvarial osteoblast cells; Gene expressions