Applications of Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Thorax in Pleural Diseases: A State-of-the-Art Review.
The aim of this review was to present the main aspects of pleural diseases seen with conventional and advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. This modality is considered to be the gold standard for the evaluation of the pleural interface, characterization of complex pleural effusion, and identification of exudate and hemorrhage, as well as in the analysis of superior sulcus tumors, as it enables more accurate staging. The indication for MRI of the thorax in the identification of these conditions is increasing in comparison to computerized tomography, and it can also be used to support the diagnosis of pulmonary illnesses. This literature review describes the morphological and functional aspects of the main benign and malignant pleural diseases assessed with MRI, including mesothelioma, metastasis, lymphoma, fibroma, lipoma, endometriosis, asbestos-related pleural disease, empyema, textiloma, and splenosis.
Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
Fernanda Miraldi Clemente
FM
Pessôa
Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
Alessandro Severo Alves
AS
de Melo
Medical School of Rio Preto and Ultra X, São José Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
Arthur Soares
AS
Souza
Medical School of Rio Preto and Ultra X, São José Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
Luciana Soares
LS
de Souza
Santa Casa de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Bruno
B
Hochhegger
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Thomaz Cameron, 438. Valparaiso, Rio De Janeiro, Petrópolis, CEP 25685.120, Brazil.
Gláucia
G
Zanetti
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Thomaz Cameron, 438. Valparaiso, Rio De Janeiro, Petrópolis, CEP 25685.120, Brazil. edmarchiori@gmail.com.
Edson
E
Marchiori
D004653:Empyema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D005350:Fibroma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008654:Mesothelioma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010997:Pleural Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D017890:Splenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013909:Thorax / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
Magnetic resonance imaging; Mesothelioma; Pleural diseases; Pleural metastasis