Evaluation of wound healing properties of bioactive aqueous fraction from Moringa oleifera Lam on experimentally induced diabetic animal model.
Diabetic foot ulcer is a serious complication of diabetes, which affects a significant percentage (15%) of diabetics and up to 15%-24% of those affected may require amputation. Therefore, the economic burden of diabetic foot ulcers is enormous and is associated with high cost of treatment and prolongs hospitalization. The present study was conducted to evaluate antibacterial and in vivo wound healing activities of an aqueous fraction of Moringa oleifera on a diabetic condition. Antibacterial activity testing was carried out using agar well and tube dilution techniques. The in vivo study was conducted using six groups of animals that comprise of one normal and diabetic control group each, three treatment groups of 0.5%, 1%, and 2% w/w aqueous fraction, and a positive control group (1% w/w silver sulfadiazine). Rats were induced with diabetes using a combination of streptozotocin 65 and 150 mg/kg nicotinamide daily for 2 days, and excision wounds were created and treated with various doses (0.5%, 1%, and 2% w/w aqueous fraction) daily for 21 days. Biophysical, histological, and biochemical parameters were investigated. The results of the study revealed that aqueous fraction possessed antibacterial activity through inhibition of growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli organisms. The topical application of aqueous fraction revealed enhancement of wound healing under sustained hyperglycemic condition for the duration of the experiment. This enhancement was achieved through decreased wound size, improved wound contraction, and tissue regeneration, as well as downregulation of inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2, and upregulation of an angiogenic marker vascular endothelial growth factor in wound tissue treated with various doses of aqueous fraction of M. oleifera. The findings suggest that aqueous fraction of M. oleifera containing Vicenin-2 active compound may accelerate wound healing in hyperglycemic condition.
Laboratory of Vaccine and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Serdang, Malaysia.
Abubakar Amali
AA
Muhammad
Laboratory of Vaccine and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Serdang, Malaysia.
Palanisamy
P
Arulselvan
Unit of Anatomy, Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Serdang, Malaysia.
Pike See
PS
Cheah
Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.
Farida
F
Abas
Laboratory of Vaccine and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Serdang, Malaysia; Unit of Anatomy, Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Serdang, Malaysia.
Sharida
S
Fakurazi
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047310:Apigenin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D005960:Glucosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D029588:Moringa oleifera / Q000737:chemistry*; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005960:Glucosides; D010936:Plant Extracts; C530449:apigenin-6,8-di-C-glycopyranoside; D014867:Water; D009536:Niacinamide; D013311:Streptozocin; D047310:Apigenin
Vicenin-2; aqueous fraction; inflammatory mediators; wound healing