Chemical Composition and Repellent Activity of Achillea vermiculata and Satureja hortensis against Anopheles stephensi.
BACKGROUND
One of the best ways to control the malaria disease and to be protected human against Anopheles mosquito biting is the use of repellents. Throughout repellents, herbal ones may be an appropriate and safe source for protection.


METHODS
Chemical constituents of Achillea vermiculata and Satoreja hortensis were determined by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Efficacy and the protection time of these plants were assessed on Anopheles stephensi under the laboratory condition.


RESULTS
The mean assessed protection time and efficacy for A. vermiculata was 2.16 and 3.16 hours respectively and the obtained ED50 and ED90 for this plant was 5.67 and 63 μl/cm(2) respectively. The figured for S. hortensis was 4.16 and 5 hours respectively. ED50 and ED90 for this plant were 5.63 and 45.75μl/cm(2) respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
Results of investigation showed that S. hortensis plant has an acceptable protection time, therefore, this plant could be considered as a good herbal repellent against anopheles mosquitoes.
Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Masoumeh
M
Pirmohammadi
Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Mansoureh
M
Shayeghi
Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Instituet for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Hassan
H
Vatandoost
Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Mohammad Reza
MR
Abaei
Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Ali
A
Mohammadi
Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Akbar
A
Bagheri
Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mehdi
M
Khoobdel
Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Hasan
H
Bakhshi
Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.
Maryam
M
Pirmohammadi
Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Maryam
M
Tavassoli
Achillea vermiculata; Anopheles stephensi; Protection time; Repellency; Satureja hortensis