The biological response to orthopaedic implants for joint replacement: Part I: Metals.
Joint replacement is a commonly performed, highly successful orthopaedic procedure, for which surgeons have a large choice of different materials and implant designs. The materials used for joint replacement must be both biologically acceptable to minimize adverse local tissue reactions, and robust enough to support weight bearing during common activities of daily living. Modern joint replacements are made from metals and their alloys, polymers, ceramics, and composites. This review focuses on the biological response to the different biomaterials used for joint replacement. In general, modern materials for joint replacement are well tolerated by the body as long as they are in bulk (rather than in particulate or ionic) form, are mechanically stable and noninfected. If the latter conditions are not met, the prosthesis will be associated with an acute/chronic inflammatory reaction, peri-prosthetic osteolysis, loosening and failure. This article (Part 1 of 2) is dedicated to the use of metallic devices in orthopaedic surgery including the associated biological response to metallic byproducts is a review of the basic science literature regarding this topic. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2162-2173, 2017.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California.|Laboratoire de Biomécanique et Biomatériaux Ostéo-Articulaires - UMR CNRS 7052, Faculté de Médecine - Université Paris7, Paris, France.|Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hopital Cochin, APHP, Université Paris5, Paris, France.
Emmanuel
E
Gibon
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Derek F
DF
Amanatullah
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Florence
F
Loi
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Jukka
J
Pajarinen
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Akira
A
Nabeshima
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Zhenyu
Z
Yao
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hopital Cochin, APHP, Université Paris5, Paris, France.
Moussa
M
Hamadouche
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Stuart B
SB
Goodman
D019643:Arthroplasty, Replacement; D006801:Humans; D007595:Joint Prosthesis; D008670:Metals
D008670:Metals
biological response; biomaterials; foreign body response; inflammation; orthopaedic implants