Newly Developed Topical Cefotaxime Sodium Hydrogels: Antibacterial Activity and In Vivo Evaluation.
In an attempt to reach better treatment of skin infections, gel formulations containing Cefotaxime (CTX) were prepared. The gel was formulated using Carbopol 934 (C934), Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose 4000 (HPMC 4000), Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium (Na CMC), Pectin (PEC), Xanthan Gum (XG), or Guar Gum (GG). Thirteen different formulas were prepared and characterized physically in terms of color, syneresis, spreadability, pH, drug content, and rheological properties. Drug-excipients compatibility studies were confirmed by FTIR and then in vitro drug release study was conducted. In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of CTX were studied against wound pathogens such as, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), using either pure drug or Fucidin® cream as control. F13 provides better spreadability compared to F1 (XG) or F11 (HPMC). Moreover, the release of the drug from hydrogel F13 containing C934 was slower and sustained for 8 h. Stability study revealed that, upon storage, there were no significant changes in pH, drug content, and viscosity of the gels. Also, F13 showed the larger inhibition zone and highest antibacterial activity among other formulations. Histological analysis demonstrated that after single treatment with F13 gel formulation, a noticeable reduction in microbial bioburden occurred in case of both Gram positive and Gram negative bacterial isolates.
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21500, Alexandria 21527, Egypt.
Azza S
AS
Zakaria
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, P.O. Box 35521, Giza 12561, Egypt.
Samar A
SA
Afifi
Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21500, Alexandria 21527, Egypt.
Kadria A
KA
Elkhodairy
D000287:Administration, Topical; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D004339:Drug Compounding; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013207:Staphylococcal Skin Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D020100:Hydrogels; D002439:Cefotaxime