Bioengineering measurements of barrier creams efficacy against toluene and NaOH in an in vivo single irritation test.
OBJECTIVE
By now, only a few models have been published with the goal of testing barrier creams in vivo in humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate with a single irritation test, barriers creams in humans against a lipophilic and a hydrophilic irritant, toluene and NaOH, respectively.


METHODS
Both irritants were applied for 15 min after pretreatment of the skin with barrier creams. Non-invasive bioengineering methods, such as skin colorimetry (a*) and cutaneous blood flow (CBF) measurements were used to assess product protection.


RESULTS
After toluene application on control sites, the irritation appeared quickly (Tmax =3 min after patch removal), was significant (+5-6 units for a* and+80% for CBF) and did not return to base value within 1 h. Skin irritation after NaOH application, as measured by a*, was less important (+2 units) and occurred later (T"max=40 min after patch removal). For this irritant, CBF response was minor and variable. When testing barrier properties of the products, none of them were able to prevent the skin erythema induced by toluene. Against NaOH, one barrier cream as well as petrolatum and a fatty cream protected the skin significantly.


CONCLUSIONS
The present study points out the unsatisfactory effectiveness of several commercially available barrier creams claimed to protect against lipophilic or hydrophilic irritants.
Department of Biopharmacy, Spirig AG, Egerkingen, Switzerland.
P
P
Treffel
Department of Biopharmacy, Spirig AG, Egerkingen, Switzerland.
B
B
Gabard
barrier cream; human skin; irritant; percutaneous absorption