Measurement properties of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D 10): Findings from HCHS/SOL.
The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) is a widely used self-report measure of depression symptomatology. This study evaluated the reliability, validity, and measurement invariance of the CES-D 10 in a diverse cohort of Hispanics/Latinos from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). The sample consisted of 16,415 Hispanic/Latino adults recruited from 4 field centers (Miami, FL; San Diego, CA; Bronx, NY; Chicago, IL). Participants completed interview administered measures in English or Spanish. The CES-D 10 was examined for internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, and measurement invariance. The total score for the CES-D 10 displayed acceptable internal consistencies (Cronbach's alpha's = .80-.86) and test-retest reliability (r values = .41-.70) across the total sample, language group and ethnic background group. The total CES-D 10 scores correlated in a theoretically consistent manner with the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, r = .72, p < .001, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 depression measure, r = .80, p < .001, the Short Form-12's Mental Component Summary, r = -.65, p < .001, and Physical Component Summary score, r = -.25, p < .001. A confirmatory factor analysis showed that a 1-factor model fit the CES-D 10 data well (CFI = .986, RMSEA = .047) after correlating 1 pair of item residual variances. Multiple group analyses showed the 1-factor structure to be invariant across English and Spanish speaking responders and partially invariant across Hispanic/Latino background groups. The total score of the CES-D 10 can be recommended for use with Hispanics/Latinos in English and Spanish. (PsycINFO Database Record
Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University.
Patricia
P
González
Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University.
Alicia
A
Nuñez
Department of Psychology, California State University, Dominguez Hills.
Erin
E
Merz
Department of Psychology, University of Miami.
Carrie
C
Brintz
Department of Psychology, University of Miami.
Orit
O
Weitzman
School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago.
Elena L
EL
Navas
Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego.
Alvaro
A
Camacho
Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University.
Christina
C
Buelna
Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University.
Frank J
FJ
Penedo
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine.
Sylvia
S
Wassertheil-Smoller
Department of Public Policy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Krista
K
Perreira
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine.
Carmen R
CR
Isasi
Department of Psychology, Roosevelt University.
James
J
Choca
Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University.
Gregory A
GA
Talavera
Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University.
Linda C
LC
Gallo
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000592:standards*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014481:United States / Q000208:ethnology; D055815:Young Adult