Experimental verification of theoretical equations for acoustic radiation force on compressible spherical particles in traveling waves.
Acoustophoresis uses acoustic radiation force to remotely manipulate particles suspended in a host fluid for many scientific, technological, and medical applications, such as acoustic levitation, acoustic coagulation, contrast ultrasound imaging, ultrasound-assisted drug delivery, etc. To estimate the magnitude of acoustic radiation forces, equations derived for an inviscid host fluid are commonly used. However, there are theoretical predictions that, in the case of a traveling wave, viscous effects can dramatically change the magnitude of acoustic radiation forces, which make the equations obtained for an inviscid host fluid invalid for proper estimation of acoustic radiation forces. To date, experimental verification of these predictions has not been published. Experimental measurements of viscous effects on acoustic radiation forces in a traveling wave were conducted using a confocal optical and acoustic system and values were compared with available theories. Our results show that, even in a low-viscosity fluid such as water, the magnitude of acoustic radiation forces is increased manyfold by viscous effects in comparison with what follows from the equations derived for an inviscid fluid.
Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.|NSF Research Triangle Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
Kennita A
KA
Johnson
Departments of Chemistry and Biology, University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46227, USA.
Hannah R
HR
Vormohr
INSERM U930, Université François Rabelais, 37032 Tours, France.
Alexander A
AA
Doinikov
INSERM U930, Université François Rabelais, 37032 Tours, France.
Ayache
A
Bouakaz
NSF Research Triangle Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
C Wyatt
CW
Shields
NSF Research Triangle Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.|Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
Gabriel P
GP
López
Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
Paul A
PA
Dayton