Effects of Cerium and Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles in Soil on the Nutrient Composition of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Kernels.
The implications of metal nanoparticles (MeNPs) are still unknown for many food crops. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of cerium oxide (nCeO₂) and titanium oxide (nTiO₂) nanoparticles in soil at 0, 500 and 1000 mg·kg(-1) on the nutritional parameters of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) kernels. Mineral nutrients, amylose, β-glucans, amino acid and crude protein (CP) concentrations were measured in kernels. Whole flour samples were analyzed by ICP-AES/MS, HPLC and Elemental CHNS Analyzer. Results showed that Ce and Ti accumulation under MeNPs treatments did not differ from the control treatment. However, nCeO₂ and nTiO₂ had an impact on composition and nutritional quality of barley kernels in contrasting ways. Both MeNPs left β-glucans unaffected but reduced amylose content by approximately 21%. Most amino acids and CP increased. Among amino acids, lysine followed by proline saw the largest increase (51% and 37%, respectively). Potassium and S were both negatively impacted by MeNPs, while B was only affected by 500 mg nCeO₂·kg(-1). On the contrary Zn and Mn concentrations were improved by 500 mg nTiO₂·kg(-1), and Ca by both nTiO₂ treatments. Generally, our findings demonstrated that kernels are negatively affected by nCeO₂ while nTiO₂ can potentially have beneficial effects. However, both MeNPs have the potential to negatively impact malt and feed production.
Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy. filip.poscic@uniud.it.
Filip
F
Pošćić
Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy. alessandro.mattiello@uniud.it.
Alessandro
A
Mattiello
Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy. guido.fellet@uniud.it.
Guido
G
Fellet
Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy. fabiano.miceli@uniud.it.
Fabiano
F
Miceli
Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy. marchiol@uniud.it.
Luca
L
Marchiol
D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000688:Amylose / Q000378:metabolism; D002563:Cerium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001467:Hordeum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles; D009753:Nutritive Value / Q000187:drug effects*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014025:Titanium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000378:metabolism
D000596:Amino Acids; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D047071:beta-Glucans; C009495:titanium dioxide; D002563:Cerium; C030583:ceric oxide; D000688:Amylose; D014025:Titanium
amino acids; amylose; barley; cerium oxide nanoparticles; crude protein; macronutrients; micronutrients; titanium oxide nanoparticles