Prevalence, awareness, and treatment of anemia in Chinese patients with nondialysis chronic kidney disease: First multicenter, cross-sectional study.
This was the first multicenter, cross-sectional survey to assess the prevalence of anemia, patient awareness, and treatment status in China. Data of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD; age, 18-75 years; both out- and inpatients) from 25 hospitals in Shanghai, seeking medical treatment at the nephrology department, were collected between July 1, 2012 and August 31, 2012. The prevalence, awareness, and treatment of anemia in patients with nondialysis CKD (ND-CKD) were assessed. Anemia was defined as serum hemoglobin (Hb) levels ≤12 g/dL in women and ≤13 g/dL in men. A total of 2420 patients with ND-CKD were included. Anemia was established in 1246 (51.5%) patients: 639 (51.3%) men and 607 (48.7%) women. The prevalence of anemia increased with advancing CKD stage (χtrend = 675.14, P < 0.001). Anemia was more prevalent in patients with diabetic nephropathy (68.0%) than in patients with hypertensive renal damage (56.6%) or chronic glomerulonephritis (46.1%, both P < 0.001). Only 39.8% of the anemic patients received treatment with erythropoietin and 27.1% patients received iron products; furthermore, 22.7% of the patients started receiving treatment when their Hb level reached 7 g/dL. The target-achieving rate (Hb at 11-12 g/dL) was only 8.2%. Of the 1246 anemia patients, only 7.5% received more effective and recommended intravenous supplementation. Anemia is highly prevalent in patients with ND-CKD in China, with a low target-achieving rate and poor treatment patterns. The study highlights the need to improve multiple aspects of CKD management to delay the progression of renal failure.
Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University Department of Nephrology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Nephrology, The 455th Hospital of PLA Department of Nephrology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Minhang District Central Hospital Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated First People's Hospital Department of Nephrology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Department of Nephrology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiangong Hospital Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Yangpu District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China.
Ya
Y
Li
Hao
H
Shi
Wei-Ming
WM
Wang
Ai
A
Peng
Geng-Ru
GR
Jiang
Jin-Yuan
JY
Zhang
Zhao-Hui
ZH
Ni
Li-Qun
LQ
He
Jian-Ying
JY
Niu
Nian-Song
NS
Wang
Chang-Lin
CL
Mei
Xu-Dong
XD
Xu
Zhi-Yong
ZY
Guo
Wei-Jie
WJ
Yuan
Hai-Dong
HD
Yan
Yue-Yi
YY
Deng
Chen
C
Yu
Jun
J
Cen
Yun
Y
Zhang
Nan
N
Chen
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D001364:Awareness; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
D004921:Erythropoietin