Engineering and application of enzymes for lipid modification, an update.
This review first provides a brief introduction into the most important tools and strategies for protein engineering (i.e. directed evolution and rational protein design combined with high-throughput screening methods) followed by examples from literature, in which enzymes have been optimized for biocatalytic applications. This covers engineered lipases with altered fatty acid chain length selectivity, fatty acid specificity and improved performance in esterification reactions. Furthermore, recent achievements reported for phospholipases, lipoxygenases, P450 monooxygenases, decarboxylating enzymes, fatty acid hydratases and the use of enzymes in cascade reactions are treated.
Institute of Biochemistry, Dept. of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis, Greifswald University, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487 Greifswald, Germany.
Katja
K
Zorn
Institute of Biochemistry, Dept. of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis, Greifswald University, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487 Greifswald, Germany.
Isabel
I
Oroz-Guinea
Enzymicals AG, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 49a, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
Henrike
H
Brundiek
Institute of Biochemistry, Dept. of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis, Greifswald University, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487 Greifswald, Germany. Electronic address: uwe.bornscheuer@uni-greifswald.de.
Uwe T
UT
Bornscheuer
D055162:Biocatalysis; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004798:Enzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008049:Lipase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008084:Lipoxygenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010740:Phospholipases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015202:Protein Engineering
D004798:Enzymes; D005227:Fatty Acids; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D008084:Lipoxygenase; C431568:cytochrome P-450 CYP94A5 (Nicotiana tabacum); D010740:Phospholipases; D008049:Lipase
Biocatalysis; Lipase; Lipid modification; P450 monooxygenase; Phospholipase; Protein engineering