Dynamic fabric phase sorptive extraction for a group of pharmaceuticals and personal care products from environmental waters.
This paper describes for the first time the use of a new extraction technique, based on fabric phase sorptive extraction (FPSE). This new mode proposes the extraction of the analytes in dynamic mode in order to reduce the extraction time. Dynamic fabric phase sorptive extraction (DFPSE) followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was evaluated for the extraction of a group of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) from environmental water samples. Different parameters affecting the extraction were optimized and best conditions were achieved when 50mL of sample at pH 3 was passed through 3 disks and analytes retained were eluted with 10mL of ethyl acetate. The recoveries were higher than 60% for most of compounds with the exception of the most polar ones (between 8% and 38%). The analytical method was validated with environmental samples such as river water and effluent and influent wastewater, and good performance was obtained. The analysis of samples revealed the presence of some PPCPs at low ngL(-1) concentrations.
Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sescelades Campus, Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
Sameer S
SS
Lakade
Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sescelades Campus, Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
Francesc
F
Borrull
International Forensic Research Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
Kenneth G
KG
Furton
International Forensic Research Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA. Electronic address: akabir@fiu.edu.
Abuzar
A
Kabir
Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sescelades Campus, Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain. Electronic address: rosamaria.marce@urv.cat.
Rosa Maria
RM
Marcé
Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sescelades Campus, Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
Núria
N
Fontanals
D002072:Butylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes / Q000737:chemistry; D006795:Household Products / Q000032:analysis*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011409:Propylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D013784:Textiles; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000302:isolation & purification*
D002072:Butylene Glycols; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011108:Polymers; D011409:Propylene Glycols; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C528539:poly(dimethyldiphenylsiloxane); C528875:poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) copolymer; C524501:poly(tetrahydrofuran)
Dynamic fabric phase sorptive extraction (DFPSE); Environmental water samples; Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs); Sol-gel Carbowax 20M material