Influence of biological factors on injuries occurrence in the Polish population.
OBJECTIVE
Anterior cruciate ligament rupture is one of the most common knee injuries in sports. Although various intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors have been identified, the exact aetiology of the injury is not yet fully understood. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the collagen type I (COL1A1) gene have been shown to be associated with several complex connective tissue disorders. The aim of this study was to examine the association of -1997G/T polymorphisms in the COL1A1 gene with ACL ruptures in Polish recreational skiers in a case-control study.


METHODS
A total of 180 male and female recreational skiers with surgically diagnosed with primary ACL ruptures were recruited for the study, all of whom qualified for ligament reconstruction. The control group was comprised of 245 apparently healthy male and female skiers with a comparable level of exposure to ACL injury, none of whom had any self-reported history of ligament or tendon injury. DNA samples extracted from the oral epithelial cells were genotyped for -1997G/T polymorphisms using PCR method.


RESULTS
Genotype distribution in the cases (GG-82.2% GT-16.7%; TT-1.1%) showed significant difference (P=0.036) compared to controls (GG-71.4% GT-26.5%; TT-2.2%). The frequency of the GG genotype in the ACL rupture group was also statistically significant (p=0.011, Fisher's exact test recessive mode: GG vs GT+TT). The frequency of the G allele was higher in these cases (90.6%), and also statistically significant (p=0.012) when compared with controls (84.7%).


CONCLUSIONS
The results obtained indicate that the -1997G/T COL1A1 gene is one of the genetic markers to be taken into the consideration in the identification of the risk of ACL injury.
Faculty of Physical Education and Health Promotion, University of Szczecin, Poland.
Marta
M
Stępień-Słodkowska
Academy School of Physical Education in Katowice, Poland.
Krzysztof
K
Ficek
Department of Clinical and Molecular Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Poland.
Mariusz
M
Kaczmarczyk
Faculty of Physical Education and Health Promotion, University of Szczecin, Poland.
Agnieszka
A
Maciejewska
Faculty of Physical Education and Health Promotion, University of Szczecin, Poland.
Marek
M
Sawczuk
Faculty of Physical Education and Health Promotion, University of Szczecin, Poland.
Jerzy
J
Eider
Faculty of Physical Education and Health Promotion, University of Szczecin, Poland; Institute of Rural Health in Lublin, Poland.
Marian
M
Sygit
Faculty of Physical Education and Health Promotion, University of Szczecin, Poland; Department of Sport Education, Academy of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland.
Agata
A
Leońska-Duniec
Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Poland.
Paweł
P
Ziętek
Faculty of Physical Education and Health Promotion, University of Szczecin, Poland.
Katarzyna
K
Sygit
Faculty of Physical Education and Health Promotion, University of Szczecin, Poland; Department of Sport Education, Academy of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland.
Paweł
P
Cieszczyk
D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000090602:Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D012421:Rupture / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D012865:Skiing / Q000293:injuries*
D024042:Collagen Type I; D000090602:Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain