Evaluation of adhesive and anti-adhesive properties of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms and their inhibition by herbal plants.
OBJECTIVE
Adhesion and colonization are prerequisites for the establishment of bacterial pathogenesis. The biofilm development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was assessed on adhesive surfaces like dialysis membrane, stainless steel, glass and polystyrene.


METHODS
Microtiter plate biofilm assay was performed to assess the effect of nutrient medium and growth parameters of P. aeruginosa. Further, its growth on adhesive surfaces namely hydrophilic (dialysis membrane) and hydrophobic (polystyrene plate, square glass and stainless steel coupon) was assessed. The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was quantified using ruthenium red microplate assay and microscopic analysis was used to observe P. aeruginosa biofilm architecture. The anti-biofilm activity of herbal extracts on mature P. aeruginosa was performed.


RESULTS
The formation of large scale biofilms on dialysis membrane for 72 h was proved to be the best surface. In microscopic studies, very few exopolysaccaride fibrils, indicating a rather loose matrix was observed at 48 h. Further, thick exopolysaccaride, indicated higher adhesive properties at 72 h which is evident from ruthenium red staining. Among the plant extract used, Justicia wynaadensis leaf and Aristolochia indica (Eswari) root extract showed significant reduction of anti-biofilm activity of 0.178 OD and 0.192 OD in inhibiting mature biofilms at 0.225 OD respectively, suggesting the possible use of these extracts as efficient anti-adhesive and biofilm-disrupting agents with potential applications in controlling biofilms on surfaces.


CONCLUSIONS
Our study facilitates better understanding in the development of P. aeruginosa biofilms on different food processing and clinical surfaces ultimately taking care of food safety and hygiene.
Mahajana Life Science Research Centre, Department of Studies in Biotechnology and Microbiology, Pooja Bhagavat Memorial Mahajana Post Graduate Wing of SBRR Mahajana First Grade College, Affiliated to University of Mysore, K.R.S. Road, Metagalli, Mysore - 570 016, Karnataka, India.
Farhan
F
Zameer
Mahajana Life Science Research Centre, Department of Studies in Biotechnology and Microbiology, Pooja Bhagavat Memorial Mahajana Post Graduate Wing of SBRR Mahajana First Grade College, Affiliated to University of Mysore, K.R.S. Road, Metagalli, Mysore - 570 016, Karnataka, India.
Rukmangada
R
Ms
Mahajana Life Science Research Centre, Department of Studies in Biotechnology and Microbiology, Pooja Bhagavat Memorial Mahajana Post Graduate Wing of SBRR Mahajana First Grade College, Affiliated to University of Mysore, K.R.S. Road, Metagalli, Mysore - 570 016, Karnataka, India.
Jyoti Bala
JB
Chauhan
Department of Chemistry, Yuvaraja's College (Constituent College), University of Mysore, Mysore - 570 005, Karnataka, India.
Shaukath Ara
SA
Khanum
Mahajana Life Science Research Centre, Department of Studies in Biotechnology and Microbiology, Pooja Bhagavat Memorial Mahajana Post Graduate Wing of SBRR Mahajana First Grade College, Affiliated to University of Mysore, K.R.S. Road, Metagalli, Mysore - 570 016, Karnataka, India.
Pramod
P
Kumar
Department of Biotechnology, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, Mysore - 570 006, Karnataka, India.
Aishwarya Tripurasundari
AT
Devi
Department of Biotechnology, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, Mysore - 570 006, Karnataka, India.
Nagendra Prasad
NP
Mn
Toxinology/Toxicology and Drug Discovery Unit, Center for Emerging Technologies, Jain Global Campus, Jain University, Kanakapura Taluk, Bangalore-562 112, Karnataka, India.
Dhananjaya
D
Bl
Anti-biofilm; Anti-quromones; Exopolysaccaride; Pseudomonas aeruginosa