Integration of multivariate empirical mode decomposition and independent component analysis for fetal ECG separation from abdominal signals.
BACKGROUND
The fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) signals are essential to monitor the health condition of the baby. Fetal heart rate (FHR) is commonly used for diagnosing certain abnormalities in the formation of the heart. Usually, non-invasive abdominal electrocardiogram (AbECG) signals are obtained by placing surface electrodes in the abdomen region of the pregnant woman. AbECG signals are often not suitable for the direct analysis of fetal heart activity. Moreover, the strength and magnitude of the FECG signals are low compared to the maternal electrocardiogram (MECG) signals. The MECG signals are often superimposed with the FECG signals that make the monitoring of FECG signals a difficult task.


OBJECTIVE
Primary goal of the paper is to separate the fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) signals from the unwanted maternal electrocardiogram (MECG) signals.


METHODS
A multivariate signal processing procedure is proposed here that combines the Multivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition (MEMD) and Independent Component Analysis (ICA).


RESULTS
The proposed method is evaluated with clinical abdominal signals taken from three pregnant women (N= 3) recorded during the 38-41 weeks of the gestation period. The number of fetal R-wave detected (NEFQRS), the number of unwanted maternal peaks (NMQRS), the number of undetected fetal R-wave (NUFQRS) and the FHR detection accuracy quantifies the performance of our method. Clinical investigation with three test subjects shows an overall detection accuracy of 92.8%.


CONCLUSIONS
Comparative analysis with benchmark signal processing method such as ICA suggests the noteworthy performance of our method.
Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Anna University, OMR, Chennai, India.
Palani
P
Thanaraj
Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Anna University, OMR, Chennai, India.
Mable
M
Roshini
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Anna University, OMR, Chennai, India.
Parvathavarthini
P
Balasubramanian
D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005323:Fetal Monitoring / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006340:Heart Rate, Fetal / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D033261:Maternal-Fetal Relations / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
Multivariate empirical mode decomposition; fetal ECG; fetal heart rate; independent component analysis; maternal ECG; signal separation