Identification of Veillonella Species in the Tongue Biofilm by Using a Novel One-Step Polymerase Chain Reaction Method.
Six Veillonella species have been frequently isolated from human oral cavities including infectious sites. Recently, it was reported that diet, smoking, and possibly socioeconomic status can influence the bacterial profile in oral cavities. In addition, oral hygiene habits may also influence oral microbiota in terms of both numbers and diversity of microorganisms. In this study, the identification of Veillonella species in tongue biofilms of Thai children, divided into three groups dependent on their status of oral hygiene. For this, we used a novel one-step PCR method with species-specific primer sets based on sequences of the rpoB gene. As shown in the results, the number of isolates of Veillonella species was 101 strains from only 10 of 89 subjects. However, the total number of bacteria was high for all subjects. Since it was reported in previous studies that Veillonella species were easy to isolate in human tongue biofilms at high numbers, the results obtained in this study may suggest country- or age-specific differences. Moreover, Veillonella species were detected predominantly in subjects who had poor oral hygiene compared to those with good or moderate oral hygiene. From these results, there is a possibility that Veillonella species may be an index of oral hygiene status. Furthermore, V. rogosae was a predominant species in tongue biofilms of Thai children, whereas V. parvula and V. denticariosi were not isolated at all. These characteristics of the distribution and frequency of Veillonella species are similar to those reported in previous studies. Although further studies are needed in other countries, in this study, a successful novel one-step PCR method was established to detect Veillonella species in human oral cavities easily and effectively. Furthermore, this is the first report investigating the distribution and frequency of Veillonella species in tongue biofilms of Thai children.
Postdoctoral Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 5-3-1, Kouji-machi, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan.|Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.
Izumi
I
Mashima
Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.|Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya No. 4, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia.
Citra Fragrantia
CF
Theodorea
Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, 6 Yothi Street, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
Boonyanit
B
Thaweboon
Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, 6 Yothi Street, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
Sroisiri
S
Thaweboon
Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.
Futoshi
F
Nakazawa
D000293:Adolescent; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D002648:Child; D002999:Clone Cells; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000378:metabolism; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014059:Tongue / Q000382:microbiology*; D014678:Veillonella / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*
D017931:DNA Primers; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases