Simultaneous determination of aditoprim and its three major metabolites in pigs, broilers and carp tissues, and its application in tissue distribution and depletion studies.
Aditoprim (ADP) is a recently developed dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor that has shown promise for therapeutic use in veterinary medicine because of its excellent pharmacokinetic properties. In this study, a sensitive and reliable multi-residue chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) method for the quantitative analysis of ADP and its three major metabolites was developed, and the tissue distribution and depletion profiles of ADP and its major metabolites in pigs, broilers and carp were investigated. Edible and additional tissues (heart, lung, stomach, intestine and swim bladder) were collected for analysis at six different withdrawal periods after ADP administration for 7 days. ADP, N-monomethyl-ADP and N-didesmethyl-ADP were detected in almost all tissues in the three species. The liver, kidney and lung showed higher residue concentrations, and the liver showed a longer residue half-life (t1/2) than other tissues. In the liver, ADP was the most abundant component with the longest persistence. The results suggest that the liver was the residual target tissue and ADP was the marker residue, and the conclusive withdrawal time (WDT) of 20 days in pigs, 16 days in broilers and 25 days in carp was estimated using the assessment methodologies approved by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA).
a National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China.|b School of Food and Drug , Luoyang Normal University , Luoyang , China.|c MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China.
Liye
L
Wang
a National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China.|c MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China.
Lingli
L
Huang
a National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China.|c MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China.
Yuanhu
Y
Pan
a National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China.|d Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management , University of Hradec Kralove , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic.|e College of Life Science , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , China.
Qinghua
Q
Wu
a National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China.|c MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China.
Shuyu
S
Xie
a National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China.|c MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China.
Zonghui
Z
Yuan
D000818:Animals; D002347:Carps; D002645:Chickens; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013552:Swine; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014295:Trimethoprim / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
C051398:aditoprim; D014295:Trimethoprim
Aditoprim; HPLC-UV; WDT; depletion; dietary exposure assessment; metabolites