A review of the environmental distribution, fate, and control of tetrabromobisphenol A released from sources.
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), a high use brominated flame retardant (BFR), raising concerns of widespread pollution and harm to human and ecological health. BFR manufacturing, TBBPA-based product manufacturing, e-waste recycling, and wastewater treatment plants have been identified as the main emission point sources. This paper discusses the occurrence, distribution, and fate of TBBPA from source to the environment. After release to the environment, TBBPA may undergo adsorption, photolysis, and biological degradation. Exposure of humans and biota is also discussed along with the role of treatment and regulations in reducing release of TBBPA to the environment and exposure risks. In general this review found stronger enforcement of existing legislation, and investment in treatment of e-waste plastics and wastewater from emission point sources could be effective methods in reducing release and exposure of TBBPA in the environment.
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
Tyler
T
Malkoske
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China. Electronic address: tangtongji@126.com.
Yulin
Y
Tang
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
Wenying
W
Xu
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
Shuili
S
Yu
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
Hongtao
H
Wang
D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000032:analysis*; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis*; D012306:Risk
D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005411:Flame Retardants; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls; C020806:tetrabromobisphenol A
Brominated flame retardant; Control; Distribution; Fate; Tetrabromobisphenol a