Barley yellow dwarf virus infection and elevated CO2alter the antioxidants ascorbate and glutathione in wheat.
Plant antioxidants ascorbate and glutathione play an important role in regulating potentially harmful reactive oxygen species produced in response to virus infection. Barley yellow dwarf virus is a widespread viral pathogen that systemically infects cereal crops including wheat, barley and oats. In addition, rising atmospheric CO2will alter plant growth and metabolism, including many potential but not well understood effects on plant-virus interactions. In order to better understand the wheat-BYDV interaction and any potential changes under elevated CO2, the total concentration and oxidised fraction of ascorbate and glutathione was measured in leaves of a susceptible wheat cultivar (Triticum aestivum L. 'Yitpi') infected with Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (Padi Avenae virus) and grown under elevated CO2in controlled environment chambers. Virus infection decreased total leaf ascorbate and glutathione concentrations and increased the fraction of oxidised ascorbate (dehydroascorbate). Elevated CO2decreased the fraction of oxidised ascorbate. In this work, we demonstrate that systemic infection by a phloem-restricted virus weakens the antioxidant pools of ascorbate and glutathione. In addition, elevated CO2may decrease oxidative stress, for example, from virus infection, but there was no direct evidence for an interactive effect between treatments.
Agriculture Victoria, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia; Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water Street, Creswick, Victoria 3363, Australia. Electronic address: rebecca.vandegeer@ecodev.vic.gov.au.
Rebecca K
RK
Vandegeer
Agriculture Victoria, Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, 124 Chiltern Valley Road, Rutherglen, Victoria 3685, Australia. Electronic address: kevin.powell@ecodev.vic.gov.au.
Kevin S
KS
Powell
Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water Street, Creswick, Victoria 3363, Australia; School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water Street, Creswick, Victoria 3363, Australia. Electronic address: michael.tausz@unimelb.edu.au.
Michael
M
Tausz
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018556:Crops, Agricultural; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D017793:Luteovirus / Q000502:physiology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D014908:Triticum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology
D000975:Antioxidants; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D005978:Glutathione; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
Antioxidants; Ascorbate; Barley yellow dwarf virus; Climate change; Elevated CO(2); Glutathione