Immunoproteomics of Aspergillus for the development of biomarkers and immunotherapies.
Filamentous fungi of the genus Aspergillus play significant roles as pathogens causing superficial and invasive infections as well as allergic reactions in humans. Particularly invasive mycoses caused by Aspergillus species are characterized by high mortality rates due to difficult diagnosis and insufficient antifungal therapy. The application of immunoproteomic approaches has a great potential to identify new targets for the diagnosis, therapy, and vaccine development of diseases caused by Aspergillus species. Serological proteome analyses (SERPA) that combine 2D electrophoresis with Western blotting are still one of the most popular techniques for the identification of antigenic proteins. However, recently a growing number of approaches have been developed to identify proteins, which either provoke an antibody response or which represent targets of T-cell immunity in patients with allergy or fungal infections. Here, we review advances in the studies of immune responses against pathogenic Aspergilli as well as the current status of diagnosis and immunotherapy of Aspergillus infections.
Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany.|Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
Olaf
O
Kniemeyer
Institute for Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, LMU, Munich, Germany.
Frank
F
Ebel
Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany.|Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
Thomas
T
Krüger
Department of Cellular Immunology, Clinic for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Petra
P
Bacher
Department of Cellular Immunology, Clinic for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.|German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ) Berlin, Leibniz Association, Berlin, Germany.
Alexander
A
Scheffold
Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany.|Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
Ting
T
Luo
Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany.|Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.|Transfer Group Anti-Infectives, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany.
Maria
M
Strassburger
Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany. axel.brakhage@leibniz-hki.de.|Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany. axel.brakhage@leibniz-hki.de.
Axel A
AA
Brakhage
D000818:Animals; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D014611:Vaccination
D015415:Biomarkers
Antibodies; Aspergillosis; Diagnosis; Serological proteome analysis; T cells