Rotavirus Strain Trends During the Postlicensure Vaccine Era: United States, 2008-2013.
Group A rotaviruses (RVA) are a significant cause of pediatric gastroenteritis worldwide. The New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) has conducted active surveillance for RVA at pediatric hospitals and emergency departments at 3-7 geographically diverse sites in the United States since 2006.



Over 6 consecutive years, from 2008 to 2013, 1523 samples from NVSN sites that were tested positive by a Rotaclone enzyme immunoassay were submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for genotyping.



In the 2009, 2010, and 2011 seasons, genotype G3P[8] was the predominant genotype throughout the network, with a 46%-84% prevalence. In the 2012 season, G12P[8] replaced G3P[8] as the most common genotype, with a 70% prevalence, and this trend persisted in 2013 (68.0% prevalence). Vaccine (RotaTeq; Rotarix) strains were detected in 0.6%-3.4% of genotyped samples each season. Uncommon and unusual strains (eg, G8P[4], G3P[24], G2P[8], G3P[4], G3P[6], G24P[14], G4P[6], and G9P[4]) were detected sporadically over the study period. Year, study site, and race were found to be significant predictors of genotype.



Continued active surveillance is needed to monitor RVA genotypes in the United States and to detect potential changes since vaccine licensure.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Michael D
MD
Bowen
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Slavica
S
Mijatovic-Rustempasic
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Mathew D
MD
Esona
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Elizabeth N
EN
Teel
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Rashi
R
Gautam
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Michele
M
Sturgeon
UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland.
Parvin H
PH
Azimi
Texas Children's Hospital Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
Carol J
CJ
Baker
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Ohio.
David I
DI
Bernstein
Texas Children's Hospital Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
Julie A
JA
Boom
Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
James
J
Chappell
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Ohio.
Stephanie
S
Donauer
Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
Kathryn M
KM
Edwards
Seattle Children's Hospital, Washington.
Janet A
JA
Englund
Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
Natasha B
NB
Halasa
Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, Missouri.
Christopher J
CJ
Harrison
UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland.
Samantha H
SH
Johnston
Seattle Children's Hospital, Washington.
Eileen J
EJ
Klein
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Ohio.
Monica M
MM
McNeal
Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, Missouri.
Mary E
ME
Moffatt
Texas Children's Hospital Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
Marcia A
MA
Rench
Texas Children's Hospital.
Leila C
LC
Sahni
Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Kansas City, Missouri.
Rangaraj
R
Selvarangan
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Ohio.
Mary A
MA
Staat
University of California-Los Angeles.
Peter G
PG
Szilagyi
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, New York.
Geoffrey A
GA
Weinberg
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Mary E
ME
Wikswo
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Umesh D
UD
Parashar
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Daniel C
DC
Payne
D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*; D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines
genotype; prevalence; rotavirus; surveillance; vaccine