title: Botulinum neurotoxin type-A when utilized in animals with trigeminal sensitization induced a antinociceptive effect.
abstract: METHODS
  Neuropathic pain was induced by surgical constriction of the infraorbital nerve in rats. A control group underwent a sham procedure consisting of surgical exposure of the nerve. Subgroups of each group received either BoNT/A or isotonic saline solution. The clinical response was assessed with the -20°C test. Animals that underwent nerve constriction developed sensitization; the sham group did not.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sensitization was reversed by BoNT/A treatment evident 24 hours following application. Pronociceptive effect was observed in the sham group following BoNT/A.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BoNT/A has an antinociceptive effect in sensitized animals and a pronociceptive effect in non-sensitized animals.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba PR , Brasil, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Hospital das Clínicas, Serviço de Neurologia, Curitiba PR, Brasil;|Universidade Federal do Paraná, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba PR , Brasil, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departmento de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório Experimental, Curitiba PR, Brasil;
authors.forename: Elcio J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Piovesan
authors.affiliation: Thomas Jefferson University, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadephia PA , USA, Thomas Jefferson University, Jefferson Headache Center, Philadephia PA, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oshinsky
authors.affiliation: Thomas Jefferson University, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadephia PA , USA, Thomas Jefferson University, Jefferson Headache Center, Philadephia PA, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Silberstein
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba PR , Brasil, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Hospital das Clínicas, Serviço de Neurologia, Curitiba PR, Brasil;
authors.forename: Pedro Andre
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Kowacs
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba PR , Brasil, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Hospital das Clínicas, Serviço de Neurologia, Curitiba PR, Brasil;
authors.forename: Edison Matos
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Novak
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Paraná, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba PR , Brasil, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Hospital das Clínicas, Serviço de Neurologia, Curitiba PR, Brasil;
authors.forename: Lineu Cesar
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Werneck
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008297:Male; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017288:Pain Threshold; D051381:Rats; D014277:Trigeminal Neuralgia / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A