title: HIV Risk Among Men Who Have Sex With Men, Women Who Have Sex With Women, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Populations in South Africa: A Mini-Review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The HIV epidemic in South Africa is characterized mainly by heterosexual transmission. Recently, the importance of targeting key populations and marginalized groups, including men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender people, has been added to the national agenda.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This mini-review explores the current state of empirical research on HIV risk and MSM, women who have sex with women (WSW), lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) populations in South Africa in order to assess the current state of research and identify gaps in the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peer-reviewed empirical social and behavioral articles on HIV prevalence and risk focusing on MSM, WSW, and LGBT populations published since 2006 were included in this mini-review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total 35 articles were included: 30 on MSM, gay, and/or bisexual male-identified populations, three on WSW, lesbian, and/or bisexual female-identified populations, two on LGB youth, and none on transgender populations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite South Africa being the country with the largest number of people living with HIV in the world, there is a limited amount of research in South Africa on HIV and non-normative gender identities and sexualities, especially WSW, lesbian, and/or bisexual female-identified populations, transgender populations, and LGB youth. Research with MSM, WSW, and LGBT populations should be prioritized in South Africa in order to appropriately inform HIV prevention strategies that meet the specific needs of these marginalized groups.
authors.affiliation: HUMA (Institute for Humanities in Africa) and Department of Sociology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Meredith G B
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.affiliation: HAST (HIV/AIDS, STIs and TB) Program, Human Sciences Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Allanise
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cloete
authors.affiliation: HAST (HIV/AIDS, STIs and TB) Program, Human Sciences Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Nompumelelo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zungu
authors.affiliation: HAST (HIV/AIDS, STIs and TB) Program, Human Sciences Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Leickness C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Simbayi
keywords: Bisexuality; HIV; Homosexuality; Men who have sex with men; South Africa; Transgender persons; Women who have sex with women