title: Outcome of preimplantation genetic diagnosis using FISH analysis for recurrent miscarriage in low-risk reciprocal translocation carriers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess PGD outcome using FISH analysis in couples with a history of recurrent miscarriage associated with a parental carrier of reciprocal translocation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Couples in whom one partner was a carrier of a reciprocal translocation and had a history of two or more miscarriages and a low risk of a live born offspring with an unbalanced chromosomal rearrangement, underwent PGD treatment between 2000 and 2012.
  
  
  RESULTS
  91 couples started 171 fresh and 11 frozen PGD cycles. Of the fresh cycles, 162 (95%) reached oocyte retrieval and 107 (63%) had embryo transfer. In 14 cycles (8%), surplus embryos were cryopreserved. Pregnancy was achieved in 52 fresh PGD cycles, leading to 20 miscarriages and 32 live births. Eleven frozen embryo transfer cycles resulted in two miscarriages and three live births. The overall live birth rate was 19% per fresh and frozen PGD cycle started (35/182) and miscarriage rate was 39% per pregnancy (22/57). The cumulative live birth rate was 32% per couple (29/91).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After PGD for recurrent miscarriage in low-risk reciprocal translocation carriers, the miscarriage risk remains high and chance of live birth is low. For those translocation carriers, natural conception may be a better option.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis and Assisted Conception Unit, Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. Electronic address: jyotsnapundir@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Jyotsna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pundir
authors.affiliation: Centre of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis and Assisted Conception Unit, Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
authors.forename: Laurice
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Magdalani
authors.affiliation: Centre of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis and Assisted Conception Unit, Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
authors.forename: Tarek
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: El-Toukhy
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000235:genetics*; D001723:Birth Rate; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D005820:Genetic Testing; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D050498:Live Birth; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D019836:Preimplantation Diagnosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
keywords: FISH analysis; Low-risk reciprocal translocation carriers; Preimplantation genetic diagnosis; Recurrent miscarriage