title: Traumatic Entrapment of the Vertebral Artery Demonstrated by a 3D Angiographic Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vertebrobasilar artery entrapment resulting from a clivus fracture is rare. The entrapped lesions are not radiographically depicted precisely because they are only identified by autopsy or completely occluded. In addition, no changes in the features have been revealed clearly because radiologic examinations were performed only in the acute stage.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a case of traumatic entrapment of the vertebral artery depicted precisely by a three-dimensional angiographic study in the subacute stage, presenting the serial changes in the morphologic features and a review of the published cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is necessary to manage vertebrobasilar artery entrapment cautiously because it is suggested that the entrapped lesion is accompanied by arterial dissection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Hyogo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shota
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Hyogo, Japan. Electronic address: strokect@aol.com.
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toyota
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Medical School, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Hyogo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kanji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Hyogo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuyu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taki
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Medical School, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshimine
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D000072226:Computed Tomography Angiography; D003388:Cranial Fossa, Posterior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D005624:Frontal Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries; D046648:Hematoma, Subdural, Intracranial / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013100:Sphenoid Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries; D020206:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Traumatic / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014711:Vertebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014715:Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology
keywords: 3D angiographic study; Traumatic entrapment; Vertebral artery