title: Anemia in pregnant adolescents: impact of treatment on perinatal outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study sought to evaluate the anemia prevalence and effect of anemia treatment in pregnant adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study. Data from perinatal outcomes, serum hemoglobin level and iron supplementation were collected. Samples were divided into three groups: pregnant adolescents without anemia, with treated anemia and with untreated anemia. Frequencies, means, standard deviations and Chi-squared values were calculated. The significance level was 5%, and the software used was Epi-info 7.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study included 458 pregnant adolescents. The mean age was 16 years old, and the prevalence of anemia was 41.27% (189). Mild, moderate or severe anemia were presented in 65.60%, 33.86% and 0.52%, respectively, of study participants. Among pregnant adolescents with anemia, 87.24% received treatment with iron supplementation. Preterm labor (p = 0.003), gestational age at birth  <37 weeks (p = 0.036) and stillbirth (p = 0.004) showed an association with nontreated anemia. Positive HIV was more prevalent in adolescents with nontreated anemia (p = 0.018). The cesarean rate was 36.90%, with no difference between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anemia is a public health problem among pregnant adolescents, and iron supplementation reduces negative neonatal outcomes. Treatment adherence by a multidisciplinary and qualified prenatal care team can be key in reducing adverse neonatal outcomes associated with pregnancy during adolescence.
authors.affiliation: a School of Medical Science, University of Campinas, Campinas , Sao Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Maira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pinho-Pompeu
authors.affiliation: a School of Medical Science, University of Campinas, Campinas , Sao Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda Garanhani
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Surita
authors.affiliation: a School of Medical Science, University of Campinas, Campinas , Sao Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Danilo Abib
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Pastore
authors.affiliation: a School of Medical Science, University of Campinas, Campinas , Sao Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: Daiane Sofia Moraes
authors.initials: DSM
authors.lastname: Paulino
authors.affiliation: a School of Medical Science, University of Campinas, Campinas , Sao Paulo , Brazil.
authors.forename: João Luiz
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Pinto E Silva
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007501:Iron / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011253:Pregnancy in Adolescence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D007501:Iron
keywords: Anemia; iron deficiency; iron dietary supplements; pregnancy in adolescence; premature birth and stillbirth