title: Effect of oral antiviral treatment on long-term outcomes of radiofrequency ablation therapy for hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to investigate the effect of oral antiviral treatment on the prognosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after radiofrequency (RF) ablation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2003 and December 2010, 228 patients without a history of antiviral treatment were treated with RF ablation for a single HBV-related HCC. We divided the patients into two groups, patients who received (n=125) or did not receive antiviral treatment (n=103), based on whether oral antiviral treatment was administered after RF ablation. The median duration of antiviral treatment was 60.1 months. HCC recurrence and overall survival were compared in the two groups in the full cohort and the propensity score-matched cohort.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the matched cohort, the probability of HCC recurrence at 5 years was 43.8% for the non-antiviral treatment group and 14.7% for the antiviral treatment group (p<0.001). The probability of overall survival at 5 years was 77.2% for the non-antiviral treatment group and 93.5% for the antiviral treatment group (p=0.002). Multivariable analysis showed that risk factors for HCC recurrence included large tumor size (hazard ratio (HR)=1.30, p=0.022), HBV DNA serum level (HR=1.11, p=0.005), and serum AFP level ≥20 ng/mL (HR=1.66, p=0.005). Overall survival was associated with larger tumor size (HR=1.86, p=0.001) and Child-Pugh Class B (HR=2.13, p=0.019). Oral antiviral treatment after RF ablation was significantly associated with a lower risk of tumor recurrence and death (HR=0.33, p<0.001, and HR=0.44, p=0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of oral antiviral treatment after curative RF ablation was associated with favorable outcomes in terms of tumor recurrence and overall survival in patients with HBV-related HCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Department of Hepatology, Bundang Jesaeng Hospital, Sungnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Won
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Wook
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sun-Kyu
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sin-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Woo
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Department of Health Science and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo Keun
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Department of Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, Gwang-Ju, Korea.
authors.forename: Ju-Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Goon
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Sinn
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Geum-Youn
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Gwak
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Moon Seok
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Joon Hyeok
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang Cheol
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Woon
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Paik
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyunchul
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rhim
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.|Department of Health Science and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Han
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Paik
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000821:virology*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents
keywords: antiviral treatment; chronic hepatitis B; hepatocellular carcinoma; radiofrequency ablation