title: The effect of carbon nanotubes and titanium dioxide incorporated in PDMS on biofilm community composition and subsequent mussel plantigrade settlement.
abstract: This study investigated the effect of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) incorporated in PDMS on biofilm formation and plantigrade settlement of Mytilus coruscus. TiO2 increased bacterial density, and CNTs also increased bacterial density but reduced diatom density in biofilms after 28 days. Further analysis was conducted between bacterial communities on glass, PDMS, CNTs (0.5 wt%) and TiO2 (7.5 wt%). ANOSIM analysis revealed significant differences (R > 0.9) between seven, 14, 21 and 28 day-old bacterial communities. MiSeq sequencing showed that CNTs and TiO2 impacted the composition of 28 day-old bacterial communities by increasing the abundance of Proteobacteria and decreasing the abundance of Bacteroidetes. The maximum decreased settlement rate in 28 day-old biofilms on CNTs and TiO2 was > 50% in comparison to those on glass and PDMS. Thus, CNTs and TiO2 incorporated in PDMS altered the biomass and community composition of biofilms, and subsequently decreased mussel settlement.
authors.affiliation: a Marine Ecology Research Center , The First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration , Qingdao , PR China.|b Department of Biology, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources , Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education , Shanghai , PR China.|c Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture , Ningbo , PR China.
authors.forename: Jin-Long
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: b Department of Biology, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources , Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education , Shanghai , PR China.
authors.forename: Yi-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: b Department of Biology, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources , Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education , Shanghai , PR China.
authors.forename: Xing-Pan
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: b Department of Biology, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources , Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education , Shanghai , PR China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: b Department of Biology, Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources , Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Education , Shanghai , PR China.
authors.forename: Yue-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: a Marine Ecology Research Center , The First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration , Qingdao , PR China.
authors.forename: De-Wen
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: d Institute of Marine Science and Technology , Yangzhou University , Yangzhou , PR China.
authors.forename: Wei-Yang
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: e Department of Marine Science and Fisheries , College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Oman.|f Center of Excellence in Marine Biotechnology , Sultan Qaboos University , Muscat , Oman.
authors.forename: Sergey
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dobretsov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D017377:Diatoms / Q000502:physiology*; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D049878:Mytilus / Q000502:physiology*; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D020560:Proteobacteria / Q000502:physiology*; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; C009495:titanium dioxide; C013830:baysilon; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Mussel; Mytilus coruscus; bacterial community; carbon nanotubes; plantigrade settlement; titanium dioxide