title: Expression Profiling and Cellular Localization of Stress Responsive Proteins in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Human Esophagus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The ambiguity in relating expression dynamics of stress response proteins with human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has sidelined the potential of stress proteins as therapeutic targets. This study was an attempt to unequivocally relate the stress protein dynamics with stage and propensity of ESCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surgically resected tumor and adjacent histologically normal tissue from 46 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were investigated in the present study. Expression of HSPs was analyzed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HSP expression was observed in all 46 cases both in adjacent normal and tumor tissues. The expression and the localization of individual HSP showed no significant correlation with depth of invasion, tumor grade, and pathological stage of the tumor. HSP 27 was the most abundant protein followed by HSP 90 and HSP 70. The HSP 27 localized exclusively in the cytoplasm of adjacent normal and tumor cells. HSP 70 showed dispersed expression with predominating nuclear localization in both normal and tumor tissue cells and HSP 90 was localized in cytoplasm of adjacent normal and in nucleus of tumor cells in majority of the cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data advocate lack of relationship between stress protein expression and the progression of ESCC. The data renew the prospect of anti-HSP drugs as therapeutic resources in light of the possibility that their use would continue to sensitize cancer cells towards drug induced apoptosis for tumor regression.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biochemistry , University of Kashmir , Srinagar , India.
authors.forename: Mir Khurshid
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biochemistry , University of Kashmir , Srinagar , India.
authors.forename: Mohammad Afzal
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zargar
authors.affiliation: b Department of Biochemistry , Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences , Srinagar , India.
authors.forename: Syed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mudassar
authors.affiliation: c Department of Cardio Vascular Thoracic Surgery , Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences , Srinagar , India.
authors.forename: Ghulam Nabi
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Lone
authors.affiliation: d Department of Pathology , Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences , Srinagar , India.
authors.forename: Syed Besina
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Yaseen
authors.affiliation: e Department of Biotechnology , Science Block , University of Kashmir , Srinagar , India.
authors.forename: Khurshid Iqbal
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Andrabi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000077277:Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D021381:Protein Transport; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000235:genetics*; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins
keywords: Esophageal Squamous cell carcinoma; Expression; Heat-Shock Proteins; Immunohistochemistry; Localization; Western blotting