title: Inhibition of Zymosan-Induced Inflammatory Factors Expression by ATRA Nanostructured Lipid Carriers.
abstract: Purpose. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of all-trans retinoic acid-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (ATRA-NLCs) on the zymosan-induced expression of the cytokines IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ and the matrix metalloproteinases/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (MMPs/TIMPs) and TLR2 in rabbit corneal fibroblasts (RCFs). Methods. ATRA-NLCs were prepared by emulsification. RCFs were isolated and harvested after four to seven passages in monolayer culture. Cytokine release (IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ) induced by zymosan was analyzed by cytokine release assay, reverse transcription, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis detection. MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2, and TLR2 expression were analyzed by immunoblotting. Results. ATRA-NLCs were resistant to light and physically stable, and the average size of the ATRA-NLCs was 200 nm. ATRA-NLCs increased the zymosan-induced release of IL-4 and IL-10 and decreased the release of IFN-γ by RCFs. ATRA-NLCs decreased the levels of TLR2 and MMPs/TIMPs above. Conclusions. ATRA may be a potent anti-inflammatory agent for the therapy of fungal keratitis (FK).
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China.
authors.forename: Hongyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China.
authors.forename: Wensong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China.
authors.forename: Xunyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Application, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China.
authors.forename: Hongguang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kong