title: Noble metal nanoparticle-induced oxidative stress modulates tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) from an M2 to M1 phenotype: An in vitro approach.
abstract: Diagnosis of cancer and photothermal therapy using optoelectronic properties of noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) has established a new therapeutic approach for treating cancer. Here we address the intrinsic properties of noble metal NPs (gold and silver) as well as the mechanism of their potential antitumor activity. For this, the study addresses the functional characterization of tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) isolated from murine fibrosarcoma induced by a chemical carcinogen, 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA). We have previously shown antitumor activity of both gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) in vivo in a murine fibrosarcoma model. In the present study, it has been seen that AuNPs and AgNPs modulate the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) production, suppressing the antioxidant system of cells (TAMs). Moreover, the antioxidant-mimetic action of these NPs maintain the ROS and RNS levels in TAMs which act as second messengers to activate the proinflammatory signaling cascades. Thus, while there is a downregulation of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the TAMs, the proinflammatory cytokine Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is upregulated resulting in a polarization of TAMs from M2 (anti-inflammatory) to M1 (pro-inflammatory) nature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India, 788011.
authors.forename: Ramkrishna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pal
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India, 788011.
authors.forename: Biswajit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India, 788011.
authors.forename: Anupam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nath
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India, 788011.
authors.forename: Leichombam Mohindro
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India, 788011.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India, 788011.
authors.forename: Dewan Shahidur
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India, 788011.
authors.forename: Sujit Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Chemoprevention, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India, 700026.
authors.forename: Abhishek
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Basu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Chemoprevention, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India, 700026.
authors.forename: Sudin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhattacharya
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India, 700026.
authors.forename: Rathindranath
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baral
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India, 788011. Electronic address: senguptamahuya35@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mahuya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sengupta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005354:Fibrosarcoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D008748:Methylcholanthrene / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010641:Phenotype; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12; D012834:Silver; D008748:Methylcholanthrene; D006046:Gold
keywords: Chemical carcinogen; Gold nanoparticles; Noble metal nanoparticles; RNS; ROS; Silver nanoparticles; TAMs