title: Accelerated visualization of selected intracranial arteries by cycled super-selective arterial spin labeling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To accelerate super-selective arterial spin labeling (ASL) angiography by using a single control condition denoted as cycled super-selective arterial spin labeling.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single non-selective control image is acquired that is shared by selective label images. Artery-selective imaging is possible by geometrically changing the position of the labeling focus to more than one artery of interest during measurement. The presented approach is compared to conventional super-selective imaging in terms of its labeling efficiency inside and outside the labeling focus using numerical simulations and in vivo measurements. Additionally, the signal-to-noise ratios of the images are compared to non-selective ASL angiography and analyzed using a two-way ANOVA test and calculating the Pearson's correlation coefficients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicate that the labeling efficiency is not reduced within the labeled artery, but can increase as a function of distance to the artery of interest when compared to conventional super-selective ASL. In the final images, no statistically significant difference of image quality can be observed while the acquisition duration could be reduced when the major brain feeding arteries are being tagged.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using super-selective arterial spin labeling, a single non-selective control acquisition suffices for reconstructing selective angiograms of the cerebral vasculature, thereby accelerating image acquisition of the major intracranial arteries without notable loss of information.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Clinic for Radiology and Neuroradiology, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany. Thomas.Lindner@uksh.de.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4408-2429
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lindner
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Clinic for Radiology and Neuroradiology, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Clinic for Radiology and Neuroradiology, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Olav
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.affiliation: Philips GmbH Innovative Technologies, Research Lab, Röntgenstraße 24-26, 22335, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Helle
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D001158:Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio; D013113:Spin Labels
chemical_list: D013113:Spin Labels
keywords: Angiography; Arterial spin labeling; Cycled; Selective