title: Zinc transporter 8 autoantibodies assessment in daily practice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) is specifically expressed in the pancreatic β-cell and is more restricted in its tissue distribution than other auto-antigens as glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) and insulinoma-associated antigen-2 (IA2). ZnT8 autoantibodies (ZnT8A) assessment allows identifying rapid progression to clinical onset of the disease. We evaluated the prevalence of ZnT8A in adults of different ethnic and phenotypic groups and analyzed its potential utility as additional marker of autoimmunity in daily practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  ZnT8A, GADA and IA2A were assessed using enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) in 160 controls and 216 diabetic subjects. 105 were of type 1 diabetes (T1D), 17 had Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults (LADA), 38 were type 2 diabetic (T2D) and 56 had ketosis-prone diabetes (KPD). 82 patients were newly diagnosed cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ZnT8A were detected in 1% of controls and were not found in any of our 38 T2D subjects or 56 KPD subjects. In contrast, ZnT8A were detected in 18% of LADA subjects and in 38% of T1D subjects. A slight difference of percentage of ZnT8A positivity was found among our T1D ethnic groups. ZnT8A were positive in 41% of patients positive for GADA and 67% of patients positive for IA2A. The percentage of stratification achieved 91% when GADA, IA2A and ZnT8A were assessed simultaneously.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results obtained for ZnT8A measurement using ELISA were consistent with previous data. Such investigation could improve the risk stratification and would be integrated in our daily practice.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Hormonal Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Saint-Louis University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), 1 avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Hala
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hussein
authors.affiliation: Unit of Hormonal Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Saint-Louis University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), 1 avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Fidaa
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medicine and Specialties, Laboratory for Molecular and Metabolic Medicine, The Biotechnology Centre, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Eugène
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sobngwi
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lariboisière Hospital, APHP, 75010 Paris, France; Clinical Investigation Centre, Inserm-CIC9504, Saint-Louis University Hospital, APHP, 75010 Paris, France; Inserm UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Centre, University Paris-6, 75006 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Jean François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Gautier
authors.affiliation: Unit of Hormonal Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Saint-Louis University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), 1 avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France. Electronic address: philippe.boudou@aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boudou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult; D000075703:Zinc Transporter 8
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; C492522:SLC30A8 protein, human; D000075703:Zinc Transporter 8
keywords: Autoantibodies; Diabetes; Diabetes type 1; Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults; Zinc transporter 8