title: A zebrafish intelectin ortholog agglutinates both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria with binding capacity to bacterial polysaccharide.
abstract: Intelectins are glycan-binding lectins found in various species including cephalochordates, urochordates, fish, amphibians and mammals. But their detailed functions are not well studied in zebrafish which is a good model to study native immunity. In this study, we cloned a zebrafish intelectin ortholog, zebrafish intelectin 2 (zITLN2), which contains a conserved fibrinogen-related domain (FReD) in the N-terminus and the unique intelectin domain in the C-terminus. We examined the tissue distribution of zITLN2 in adult zebrafish and found that zITLN2 was expressed in various organs with the highest level in intestine. Like amphioxus intelectins, zITLN2 expression was upregulated in adult zebrafish infected with Staphylococcus aureus with the highest expression level at 12 h after challenge. Recombinant zITLN2 protein expressed in E. coli was able to agglutinate both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria to similar degrees in a calcium-dependent manner. Furthermore, recombinant zITLN2 bound lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan (PGN) comparably. Our work on zITLN2 provided further information to understand functions of this new family of lectins and the innate immunity in vertebrates.
authors.affiliation: Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, Institute of Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, PR China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, Institute of Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, PR China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, Institute of Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, PR China.
authors.forename: Weiping
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, Institute of Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, PR China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, PR China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.affiliation: Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, PR China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, PR China.
authors.forename: Yijun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, Institute of Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, PR China. Electronic address: drfeng@sdu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lijun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000502:physiology; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D037102:Lectins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment / Q000662:veterinary; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000502:physiology; D015027:Zebrafish; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D037102:Lectins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; C000614743:itln2 protein, zebrafish
keywords: Bacterial agglutination; Innate immunity; LPS/PGN; Zebrafish intelectin