title: A clinical Acanthamoeba isolate harboring two distinct bacterial endosymbionts.
abstract: Acanthamoebae feed on bacteria but are also frequent hosts of bacterial symbionts. Here, we describe the stable co-occurrence of two symbionts, one affiliated to the genus Parachlamydia and the other to the candidate genus Paracaedibacter (Alphaproteobacteria), within a clinical isolate of Acanthamoeba hatchetti genotype T4. We performed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to describe this symbiosis. Our study adds to other reports of simultaneous co-occurrence of two symbionts within one Acanthamoeba cell.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Milk Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Anneliese
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.affiliation: Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walochnik
authors.affiliation: Institute for Milk Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.affiliation: Institute for Milk Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: sse@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schmitz-Esser
mesh_terms: D000048:Acanthamoeba / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D020561:Alphaproteobacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000562:Amebiasis / Q000469:parasitology*; D002695:Chlamydiales / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007634:Keratitis / Q000469:parasitology*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D013559:Symbiosis
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: Acanthamoeba; Intracellular bacteria; Paracaedibacter; Parachlamydia; Protozoa; Symbiosis