title: Crocin suppresses multidrug resistance in MRP overexpressing ovarian cancer cell line.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Crocin, one of the main constituents of saffron extract, has numerous biological effects such as anti-cancer effects. Multidrug resistance-associated proteins 1 and 2 (MRP1 and MRP2) are important elements in the failure of cancer chemotherapy. In this study we aimed to evaluate the effects of crocin on MRP1 and MRP2 expression and function in human ovarian cancer cell line A2780 and its cisplatin-resistant derivative A2780/RCIS cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cytotoxicity of crocin was assessed by the MTT assay. The effects of crocin on the MRP1 and MRP2 mRNA expression and function were assessed by real-time RT-PCR and MTT assays, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our study indicated that crocin reduced cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in which the reduction in proliferation rate was more noticeable in the A2780 cell line compared to A2780/RCIS. Crocin reduced MRP1 and MRP2 gene expression at the mRNA level in A2780/RCIS cells. It increased doxorubicin cytotoxicity on the resistant A2780/RCIS cells in comparison with the drug-sensitive A2780 cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Totally, these results indicated that crocin could suppress drug resistance via down regulation of MRP transporters in the human ovarian cancer resistant cell line.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran.
authors.forename: Shadi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahdizadeh
authors.affiliation: Medical Toxicology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Gholamreza
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karimi
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box 91775-1365, Mashhad, Iran.|Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Javad
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Behravan
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box 91775-1365, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Sepideh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arabzadeh
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Charite University, Campus Mitte, Humboldt, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lage
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box 91775-1365, Mashhad, Iran. kalaliniaf@mums.ac.ir.|Medical Genetic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. kalaliniaf@mums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kalalinia
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple / Q000187:drug effects*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000089762:Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002338:Carotenoids; D004317:Doxorubicin; D000089762:Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C000715087:ABCC2 protein, human; C029036:crocin; C421109:multidrug resistance-associated protein 1
keywords: A2780; A2780/RCIS; Crocin; MRP1; MRP2; Multidrug resistance