title: Antibiotics resistance of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains isolated from various clinical specimens.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A limited number of antibiotics are recommended for the therapy of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections due to therapy difficulties caused by its numerous mechanisms of resistance.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this study conducted over a period of approximately 5 years we aimed to determine resistance rates of S. maltophilia based on drug classification recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 118 S. maltophilia strains isolated from various clinical specimens between January 2006 and June 2012 were included in the study. BD Phoenixautomated microbiology system (Becton Dickinson, USA) was utilized for species level identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty seven of S. maltophilia strains were isolated from tracheal aspirate isolates, 17 from blood, 10 from sputum, 10 from wound and 14 from other clinical specimens. Levofloxacin was found to be the most effective antibiotic against S. maltophilia strains with resistance rate of 7.6%. The resistance rates to other antibiotics were as follows: chloramphenicol 18.2%, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 20.3% and ceftazidime 72%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study revealed that S. maltophilia is resistant to many antibiotics. The treatment of infections caused by S. maltophilia should be preferred primarily as levofloxacin, chloramphenicol, and TMP-SXT, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Mengucek Gazi Education and Research Hospital, Department of Medical Microbiology, Erzincan, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aytekin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Çıkman
authors.affiliation: Yuzuncu Yıl University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Van, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Parlak
authors.affiliation: Yuzuncu Yıl University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Van, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yasemin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bayram
authors.affiliation: Yuzuncu Yıl University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Van, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hüseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Güdücüoğlu
authors.affiliation: Lokman Hekim Hospital, Microbiology Laboratory, Van, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berktaş
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002442:Ceftazidime / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects*; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D064704:Levofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D020615:Stenotrophomonas maltophilia / Q000187:drug effects*; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002701:Chloramphenicol; D064704:Levofloxacin; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; D002442:Ceftazidime
keywords: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia; antibiotic; resistance