title: Expression of STAT3 in Prostate Cancer Metastases.
abstract: STAT3 and its upstream activator IL6R have been implicated in the progression of prostate cancer and are possible future therapeutic targets. We analyzed 223 metastatic samples from rapid autopsies of 71 patients who had died of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) to study protein and gene expression of pSTAT3 and IL6R. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that 95% of metastases were positive for pSTAT3 and IL6R, with varying expression levels. Bone metastases showed significantly higher expression of both pSTAT3 and IL6R in comparison to lymph node and visceral metastases. STAT3 mRNA levels were significantly higher in bone than in lymph node and visceral metastases, whereas no significant difference in IL6R mRNA expression was observed. Our study strongly supports the suggested view of targeting STAT3 as a therapeutic option in patients with metastatic CRPC.
  
  
  
  We studied the levels of two proteins (pSTAT3 and IL6R) in metastases from patients who died from castration-resistant prostate cancer. We found high levels of pSTAT3and IL6R in bone metastases, suggesting that these proteins could be used as targets for new anticancer drugs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medicine, Division of Urological Cancers, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Don-Doncow
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medicine, Division of Urological Cancers, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; University and Regional Laboratories, Department of Pathology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Felicia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marginean
authors.affiliation: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Ilsa
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.affiliation: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.affiliation: University and Regional Laboratories, Department of Pathology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ehrnström
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medicine, Division of Urological Cancers, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krzyzanowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Colm
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morrissey
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medicine, Division of Urological Cancers, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Rebecka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hellsten
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medicine, Division of Urological Cancers, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Urology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden. Electronic address: anders.bjartell@med.lu.se.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bjartell
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary; D001344:Autopsy; D001549:Benzamides / Q000378:metabolism*; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000378:metabolism; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010880:Piperidines / Q000378:metabolism*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D064129:Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; C508603:IL6R protein, human; C543004:N-phenyl-N-(1-(piperidine-1-carbonyl)cyclohexyl)benzamide; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D010880:Piperidines; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C494086:STAT3 protein, human
keywords: Castration-resistant; Metastases; Prostate cancer; STAT3; Tissue microarray