title: Impact of managed honey bee viruses on wild bees.
abstract: Several viruses found in the Western honey bee (Apis mellifera) have recently been detected in other bee species, raising the possibility of spill-over from managed to wild bee species. Alternatively, these viruses may be shared generalists across flower-visiting insects. Here we explore the former hypothesis, pointing out weaknesses in the current evidence, particularly in relation to deformed wing virus (DWV), and highlighting research areas that may help test it. Data so far suggest that DWV spills over from managed to wild bee species and has the potential to cause population decline. That DWV and other viruses of A. mellifera are found in other bee species needs to be considered for the sustainable management of bee populations.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 8, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; iDiv, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. Electronic address: anja.tehel@student.uni-halle.de.
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tehel
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Mark.Brown@rhul.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Mark Jf
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 8, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; iDiv, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. Electronic address: robert.paxton@zoologie.uni-halle.de.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Paxton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild; D001516:Bees / Q000821:virology*; D007304:Insect Viruses / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012328:RNA Viruses / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D012367:RNA, Viral; D018406:Virus Physiological Phenomena
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral