title: Sugar exchanges in arbuscular mycorrhiza: RiMST5 and RiMST6, two novel Rhizophagus irregularis monosaccharide transporters, are involved in both sugar uptake from the soil and from the plant partner.
abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are associated with about 80% of land plants. AM fungi provide inorganic nutrients to plants and in return up to 20% of the plant-fixed CO2 is transferred to the fungal symbionts. Since AM fungi are obligate biotrophs, unraveling how sugars are provided to the fungus partner is a key for understanding the functioning of the symbiosis. In this study, we identified two new monosaccharide transporters from Rhizophagus irregularis (RiMST5 and RiMST6) that we characterized as functional high affinity monosaccharide transporters. RiMST6 was characterized as a glucose specific, high affinity H(+) co-transporter. We provide experimental support for a primary role of both RiMST5 and RiMST6 in sugar uptake directly from the soil. The expression patterns of RiMSTs in response to partial light deprivation and to interaction with different host plants were investigated. Expression of genes coding for RiMSTs was transiently enhanced after 48 h of shading and was unambiguously dependent on the host plant species. These results cast doubt on the 'fair trade' principle under carbon-limiting conditions. Therefore, in light of these findings, the possible mechanisms involved in the modulation between mutualism and parasitism in plant-AM fungus interactions are discussed.
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie Pôle Interactions Plantes Microorganismes -ERL6300 CNRS, 17 rue Sully, 21065, Dijon, France. Electronic address: nassima.ait-lahmidi@ird.fr.
authors.forename: Nassima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ait Lahmidi
authors.affiliation: Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, Department of Environmental Sciences, Botany, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 1, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Pierre-Emmanuel
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Courty
authors.affiliation: Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, Department of Environmental Sciences, Botany, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 1, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Daphnée
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brulé
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie Pôle Interactions Plantes Microorganismes -ERL6300 CNRS, 17 rue Sully, 21065, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Odile
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Chatagnier
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie Pôle Interactions Plantes Microorganismes -ERL6300 CNRS, 17 rue Sully, 21065, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arnould
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie Pôle Interactions Plantes Microorganismes -ERL6300 CNRS, 17 rue Sully, 21065, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Doidy
authors.affiliation: Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, viale T. Michel, 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy.
authors.forename: Graziella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Berta
authors.affiliation: Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, viale T. Michel, 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lingua
authors.affiliation: Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, UMR 1347 Agroécologie Pôle Interactions Plantes Microorganismes -ERL 6300 CNRS, 17 rue Sully, 21065, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wipf
authors.affiliation: Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, UMR 1347 Agroécologie Pôle Interactions Plantes Microorganismes -ERL 6300 CNRS, 17 rue Sully, 21065, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bonneau
mesh_terms: D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D055137:Glomeromycota / Q000502:physiology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D008027:Light; D029902:Medicago / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009005:Monosaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000502:physiology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009005:Monosaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012987:Soil; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus; Glucose specific; High affinity H+ co-transporter; High affinity transporter; MST5; MST6; Monosaccharide transporter; Rhizophagus irregularis