title: Ischiofemoral Impingement and Hamstring Syndrome as Causes of Posterior Hip Pain: Where Do We Go Next?
abstract: Recent advances in understanding hip joint anatomy and biomechanics have contributed to improvement of diagnosis and treatment decisions for distal causes of deep gluteal syndrome (DGS). Ischiofemoral impingement and hamstrings syndrome are sources of posterior hip pain that can simulate symptoms of DGS. The combination of a comprehensive history and physical examination with imaging and ancillary testing are critical for diagnosis. Six key physical examination tests are described to differentiate distal versus proximal sources of extrapelvic posterior hip pain. Outcomes depend on patient compliance and the understanding of the entire anatomy, biomechanics, clinical presentation, and open versus endoscopic treatment options.
authors.affiliation: Hip Preservation Center, Baylor University Medical Center, 3900 Junius Street, Suite 705, Dallas, TX 75246, USA. Electronic address: haldavidmartin@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Hal David
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Hip Preservation Center, Baylor University Medical Center, 3900 Junius Street, Suite 705, Dallas, TX 75246, USA.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khoury
authors.affiliation: Hip Preservation Center, Baylor University Medical Center, 3900 Junius Street, Suite 705, Dallas, TX 75246, USA.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schröder
authors.affiliation: Hip Preservation Center, Baylor University Medical Center, 3900 Junius Street, Suite 705, Dallas, TX 75246, USA.
authors.forename: Ian James
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Palmer
mesh_terms: D018771:Arthralgia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D057925:Femoracetabular Impingement / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D000070633:Hamstring Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D055958:Piriformis Muscle Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D012585:Sciatica / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy
keywords: Deep gluteal syndrome; Hamstring syndrome; Hamstring tear; Ischial tunnel; Ischiofemoral impingement; Posterior hip pain; Sciatic nerve entrapment