title: Polysaccharide Nanoparticles for Efficient siRNA Targeting in Cancer Cells by Supramolecular pKa Shift.
abstract: Biomacromolecular pKa shifting is considered as one of the most ubiquitous processes in biochemical events, e.g., the enzyme-catalyzed reaction and protein conformational stabilization. In this paper, we report on the construction of biocompatible polysaccharide nanoparticle with targeting ability and lower toxicity by supramolecular pKa shift strategy. This was realized through a ternary assembly constructed by the dual host‒guest interactions of an adamantane-bis(diamine) conjugate (ADA) with cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) and a polysaccharide. The potential application of such biocompatible nanostructure was further implemented by the selective transportation of small interfering RNA (siRNA) in a controlled manner. It is demonstrated that the strong encapsulation of the ADA's diammonium tail by CB[6] not only reduced the cytotoxicity of the nano-scaled vehicle but also dramatically enhanced cation density through an obvious positive macrocycle-induced pKa shift, which eventually facilitated the subsequent siRNA binding. With a targeted polysaccharide shell containing a cyclodextrin‒hyaluronic acid conjugate, macrocycle-incorporated siRNA polyplexes were specifically delivered into malignant human prostate PC-3 cells. The supramolecular polysaccharide nanoparticles, the formation of which was enabled and promoted by the complexation-assisted pKa shift, may be used as a versatile tool for controlled capture and release of biofunctional substrates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ying-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yu-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000235:genetics; D003505:Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D003505:Cyclodextrins; D011134:Polysaccharides; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid