title: Differential effects of high and low strength magnetic fields on mouse embryonic development and vasculogenesis of embryonic stem cells.
abstract: Man-made magnetic fields (MFs) may exert adverse effects on mammalian embryonic development. Herein, we analysed the effect of 10mT 50Hz sinusoidal (AC) or static (DC) MFs versus 1mT MFs on embryonic development of mice. Exposure for 20days during gestation to 10mT MFs increased resorptions and dead fetuses, decreased crown-rump length and fresh weight, reduced blood vessel differentiation and caused histological changes, accompanied with diminished vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein expression in several organs. In embryonic stem (ES) cell-derived embryoid bodies exposure towards 10mT MFs increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased vascular marker as well as VEGF expression and enhanced apoptosis. In conclusion, our combined data from in vivo and in vitro experiments identified VEGF as an important mediator during embryonic development that can be influenced by high strength MFs, which in consequence leads to severe abnormalities in fetus organs and blood vessel formation.
authors.affiliation: University Heart Center, Clinic of Internal Medicine I, Department of Cardiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt. Electronic address: Mohamed.el_Saied@med.uni-jena.de.
authors.forename: Mohamed M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Bekhite
authors.affiliation: University Heart Center, Clinic of Internal Medicine I, Department of Cardiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Finkensieper
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
authors.forename: Fouad A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Abou-Zaid
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ibrahim K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: El-Shourbagy
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
authors.forename: Nabil K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: El-Fiky
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527, Egypt.
authors.forename: Khaled M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Omar
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: Heinrich
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sauer
authors.affiliation: University Heart Center, Clinic of Internal Medicine I, Department of Cardiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wartenberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D018568:Crown-Rump Length; D020964:Embryo Loss; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D058732:Embryoid Bodies / Q000378:metabolism; D047108:Embryonic Development; D005123:Eye / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D008099:Liver / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D060526:Magnetic Fields; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D000066450:Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D011247:Pregnancy; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467480:vascular endothelial growth factor A, mouse
keywords: Embryonic development; Embryonic stem cells; Magnetic fields; VEGF