title: Gene Polymorphisms and Serum Levels of Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Markers in Dengue Viral Infections.
abstract: Pro- and anti-inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, TNF-β, interferon [IFN]-γ, interleukin [IL]-6, IL-8, IL-10, and C-reactive protein [CRP]) were investigated in 80 patients infected with dengue viruses, 100 patients presenting with febrile illness but negative for dengue, and 99 healthy subjects. Immunoenzyme methods were used for quantitative assays in the plasma. Polymorphisms of TNF-α, TNF-β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 genes were assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism and allele-specific oligonucleotide (ASO)-PCR for the IFN-γ. The highest mean serum levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-8, and CRP were observed in dengue-positive individuals. TNF-β, IL-6, and IL-10 levels were significantly higher in the dengue-negative individuals. No cytokine expression pattern was evidenced according to virus serotype. Genotypic frequency distributions were statistically significant for the polymorphisms of TNF-α and IFN-γ among positive, negative, and control dengue groups and IFN-γ among groups DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and controls. Modulation of cytokine expression and polymorphisms is a complex matter and needs further explanation considering the ethnic origins of the Brazilian population.
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará , Belém, Pará, Brasil .
authors.forename: Rosimar Neris Martins
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Feitosa
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará , Belém, Pará, Brasil .
authors.forename: Antonio Carlos Rosário
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Vallinoto
authors.affiliation: 2 Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas , Ananindeua, Pará, Brasil .
authors.forename: Pedro Fernando da Costa
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
authors.affiliation: 2 Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas , Ananindeua, Pará, Brasil .
authors.forename: Raimunda do Socorro da Silva
authors.initials: Rdo S
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará , Belém, Pará, Brasil .
authors.forename: Vânia Nakauth
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará , Belém, Pará, Brasil .
authors.forename: Luiz Fernando Almeida
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará , Belém, Pará, Brasil .
authors.forename: Sandra Souza
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará , Belém, Pará, Brasil .
authors.forename: Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães
authors.initials: Mde O
authors.lastname: Ishak
authors.affiliation: 1 Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará , Belém, Pará, Brasil .
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ishak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D003715:Dengue / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D002097:C-Reactive Protein