title: Risk of osteoporotic fractures in multiple sclerosis patients in southwest Finland.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Increased risk of osteoporotic fractures in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients compared with general population has been reported. The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of osteoporotic and other low-energy fractures in an MS cohort from a large hospital district in southwest Finland. Age-adjusted total and gender-specific prevalence for definite MS per 100 000 in a population of 472 139 was calculated as a point prevalence in December 31, 2012.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with MS and comorbid fractures were identified by searching for ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes during a period from 2004 to 2012 from hospital administrative data in Turku University Hospital (TYKS) in southwest Finland Case ascertainment was performed by review of medical records. Osteoporotic fracture was defined as a low-energy fracture of the pelvis, hip, femur, tibia, humerus, collar bone, ulna/radius, vertebrae, or rib. The control population was a 10-fold age- and gender-matched population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The point prevalence (N 1004) of MS was 212.6/105(CI 199.5-225.8) in December 31, 2012. A total of 100 (9.9%) of 1004 confirmed MS cases experienced at least one fracture during the study period. Relative risks (RRs) for all fractures (1.33, 95% CI 1.10-1.60) and osteoporotic fractures (1.50, 95% CI 1.18-1.90) were significantly increased in patients with MS compared with controls. In particular, RRs for hip fractures (5.00, 95% CI 2.96-8.43) and fractures of humerus (2.36, 95% CI 1.32-4.42) were elevated in patients with MS vs controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We observed high prevalence of MS in southwest Finland and confirmed increased age-adjusted comorbid risk for osteoporotic fractures and other low-energy fractures compared with individually matched controls.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Åivo
authors.affiliation: Auria Biobank, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kurki
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: M-L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Sumelahti
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hänninen
authors.affiliation: Finnish Neuro Society, Masku, Finland.|University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruutiainen
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soilu-Hänninen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D058866:Osteoporotic Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: falls; fracture; multiple sclerosis; osteoporosis; prevalence