title: Increased Levels of Copeptin, a Surrogate Marker of Arginine Vasopressin, Are Associated with an Increased Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease in a General Population.
abstract: Our aim was to test if plasma copeptin, a stable surrogate marker of arginine vasopressin, predicts decline of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  
  
  
  We measured copeptin and renal function at the Malmö Diet and Cancer Cardiovascular Cohort baseline exam and reassessed renal function after a follow-up time of 16.6 ± 1.5 years (n = 3,186). Furthermore, we defined CKD based on an estimated GFR (eGFR) calculated by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) <60 (CKD_60MDRD), <45 (CKD_45MDRD) and <30 (CKD_30MDRD) ml/min/1.73 m2.
  
  
  
  After multivariate adjustment (gender, age, baseline eGFR, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive treatment and follow-up time), copeptin (beta-coefficient per 1 SD increment of copeptin) was independently associated with significantly greater annual decline of eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) according to the MDRD formula (OR 0.057, 95% CI 0.022-0.093; p = 0.001) as well as according to the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula (OR 0.050, 95% CI 0.022-0.077; p < 0.001). Each SD increment of copeptin independently predicted incident CKD_60MDRD (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04-1.36; p = 0.010), CKD_45MDRD (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.04-1.71; p = 0.026) and CKD_30MDRD (OR 3.69, 95% CI 1.41-9.66; p = 0.008). The relationship between copeptin and CKD defined by CKD-EPI gave similar results.
  
  
  
  Our data suggest that increased levels of copeptin independently predict decline in eGFR and greater risk of new-onset CKD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Skx00E5;ne University Hospital, Malmx00F6;, Sweden.
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tasevska
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Enhörning
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Christensson
authors.forename: Margaretha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Persson
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: Olle
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Melander
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006020:Glycopeptides / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D006020:Glycopeptides; C048197:copeptins