title: vlPFC-vmPFC-Amygdala Interactions Underlie Age-Related Differences in Cognitive Regulation of Emotion.
abstract: Emotion regulation is a critical life skill that develops throughout childhood and adolescence. Despite this development in emotional processes, little is known about how the underlying brain systems develop with age. This study examined emotion regulation in 112 individuals (aged 6-23 years) as they viewed aversive and neutral images using a reappraisal task. On "reappraisal" trials, participants were instructed to view the images as distant, a strategy that has been previously shown to reduce negative affect. On "reactivity" trials, participants were instructed to view the images without regulating emotions to assess baseline emotional responding. During reappraisal, age predicted less negative affect, reduced amygdala responses and inverse coupling between the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and amygdala. Moreover, left ventrolateral prefrontal (vlPFC) recruitment mediated the relationship between increasing age and diminishing amygdala responses. This negative vlPFC-amygdala association was stronger for individuals with inverse coupling between the amygdala and vmPFC. These data provide evidence that vmPFC-amygdala connectivity facilitates vlPFC-related amygdala modulation across development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Silvers
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland Hall, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Insel
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Long Island University, 1 University Plaza, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
authors.forename: Alisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Powers
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland Hall, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Franz
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Columbia University, 1190 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Chelsea
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Helion
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Columbia University, 1190 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Columbia University, 1190 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Columbia University, 1190 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mischel
authors.affiliation: Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA.
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Casey
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Columbia University, 1190 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Ochsner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000679:Amygdala / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
keywords: amygdala; emotion regulation; fMRI; neurodevelopment; prefrontal cortex