title: Comprehensive School Physical Activity Programming and Activity Enjoyment.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a comprehensive school physical activity program (CSPAP) on physical activity enjoyment in children from low-income schools.
  
  
  
  Participants were 758 children recruited from the 3rd-6th grade (mean age = 10.1 ± 0.5 years; 376 girls and 382 boys) from 3 schools receiving governmental financial assistance in the US. CSPAP was implemented over one semester during the 2014-2015 school year. We assessed physical activity enjoyment at baseline and at a 12-week follow-up using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale. We used a mixed-design 4 × 2 × 2 analysis of covariance test with repeated measures to examine the effect of grade, sex, and time (baseline, follow-up) on enjoyment scores, adjusting for the clustering of students within classrooms and schools.
  
  
  
  There were greater enjoyment scores at follow-up compared to baseline (Mean Difference = 7%, p < .001); however, the increase only represented a small sized effect (d = 0.26). Post hoc tests revealed that greater improvements in enjoyment were seen in older children compared to third graders (p < .001).
  
  
  
  The CSPAP marginally improved enjoyment levels in children from low-income schools and we found greater improvements in older children.
authors.affiliation: Kinesiology and Sport Sciences Department, University of Nebraska Kearney, Kearney, NE, USA.
authors.forename: You
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. ryan.d.burns@utah.edu.
authors.forename: Ryan D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
authors.forename: Timothy A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Brusseau
authors.affiliation: College of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hannon
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D057181:Pleasure; D011203:Poverty; D012572:School Health Services; D012574:Schools; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires