title: Substrate Utilization and Cycling Performance Following Palatinose™ Ingestion: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial.
abstract: (1) OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of isomaltulose (Palatinose™, PSE) vs. maltodextrin (MDX) ingestion on substrate utilization during endurance exercise and subsequent time trial performance; (2) METHODS: 20 male athletes performed two experimental trials with ingestion of either 75 g PSE or MDX 45 min before the start of exercise. The exercise protocol consisted of 90 min cycling (60% VO₂max) followed by a time trial; (3) RESULTS: Time trial finishing time (-2.7%, 90% CI: ±3.0%, 89% likely beneficial; p = 0.147) and power output during the final 5 min (+4.6%, 90% CI: ±4.0%, 93% likely beneficial; p = 0.053) were improved with PSE compared with MDX. The blood glucose profile differed between trials (p = 0.013) with PSE resulting in lower glycemia during rest (95%-99% likelihood) and higher blood glucose concentrations during exercise (63%-86% likelihood). In comparison to MDX, fat oxidation was higher (88%-99% likelihood; p = 0.005) and carbohydrate oxidation was lower following PSE intake (85%-96% likelihood; p = 0.002). (4) CONCLUSION: PSE maintained a more stable blood glucose profile and higher fat oxidation during exercise which resulted in improved cycling performance compared with MDX. These results could be explained by the slower availability and the low-glycemic properties of Palatinose™ allowing a greater reliance on fat oxidation and sparing of glycogen during the initial endurance exercise.
authors.affiliation: Section for Nutrition and Sports, Department of Sports and Sports Science, University of Freiburg, Schwarzwaldstrasse 175, Freiburg 79117, Germany. Daniel.Koenig@sport.uni-freiburg.de.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: König
authors.affiliation: Section for Nutrition and Sports, Department of Sports and Sports Science, University of Freiburg, Schwarzwaldstrasse 175, Freiburg 79117, Germany. Denise.Zdzieblik@sport.uni-freiburg.de.
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zdzieblik
authors.affiliation: BENEO-Institute, Wormserstrasse 11, Obrigheim 67283, Germany. Anja.Holz@beneo.com.
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Holz
authors.affiliation: BENEO-Institute, Wormserstrasse 11, Obrigheim 67283, Germany. Stephan.Theis@beneo.com.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Theis
authors.affiliation: Section for Nutrition and Sports, Department of Sports and Sports Science, University of Freiburg, Schwarzwaldstrasse 175, Freiburg 79117, Germany. AG@sport.uni-freiburg.de.
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gollhofer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D056352:Athletes; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007534:Isomaltose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000187:drug effects; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012146:Rest; D064133:Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D011134:Polysaccharides; D007534:Isomaltose; C008315:maltodextrin; D006003:Glycogen; C008189:isomaltulose
keywords: athletic performance; endurance; fat oxidation; glycemic index; isomaltulose