title: Cardiorespiratory fitness in long-term lymphoma survivors after high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation.
abstract: Cardiorespiratory fitness as measured by peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) is a strong predictor of longevity and may be compromised by anticancer therapy, inactivity, and smoking. We compared VO2peak among lymphoma survivors (LSs) with reference data from healthy sedentary subjects, after a 10.2-year (mean) follow-up post high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation (HDT-ASCT). We further examined the association between VO2peak and treatment, physical activity, smoking, pulmonary, and cardiac function.
  
  
  
  Lymphoma survivors treated with HDT-ASCT in Norway 1987-2008 were eligible. VO2peak was assessed by cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Pulmonary function testing and echocardiography were also conducted. Data on treatment, physical activity, and smoking were collected from hospital records and questionnaires. VO2peak was compared with age-sex predicted reference data. Linear regression was used to associate clinical factors with VO2peak cross-sectionally.
  
  
  
  A total of 194 LSs without heart failure were studied. Mean VO2peak was 4.5% and 7.7% below norms in females and males, respectively. Twenty-two percent had impaired (<80% predicted) VO2peak. Decreasing VO2peak was associated with impaired diffusion capacity and current smoking, while physical activity level and VO2peak were positively associated.
  
  
  
  We suggest increased attention towards physical activity counseling and smoking cessation advice to preserve cardiorespiratory fitness in LSs after HDT-ASCT. Patients with impaired diffusion capacity may benefit from subsequent monitoring to detect pulmonary vascular diseases.
authors.affiliation: National Resource Center for Late Effects after Cancer Treatment, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway.|Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo 0304, Norway.
authors.forename: Jo S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Stenehjem
authors.affiliation: National Resource Center for Late Effects after Cancer Treatment, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway.
authors.forename: Knut B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Smeland
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murbraech
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway.
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Holte
authors.affiliation: National Resource Center for Late Effects after Cancer Treatment, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway.|Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway.
authors.forename: Stein
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kvaløy
authors.affiliation: National Resource Center for Late Effects after Cancer Treatment, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway.
authors.forename: Lene
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Thorsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Trondheim 7491, Norway.
authors.forename: Ingerid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Arbo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY 10065, USA.
authors.forename: Lee W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway.|Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Trondheim 7491, Norway.
authors.forename: Svend
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aakhus
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway.
authors.forename: May Brit
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Lund
authors.affiliation: National Resource Center for Late Effects after Cancer Treatment, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo 0424, Norway.
authors.forename: Cecilie E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Kiserud
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000072599:Cardiorespiratory Fitness; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017741:Survivors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents