title: Utility of Image-Guidance in Frontal Sinus Surgery.
abstract: The frontal sinus can present a challenging surgical dissection for the endoscopic surgeon. Image guidance as a surgical adjunct has become widely accepted for surgeries in this area. It can help verify vital structures and manage disorienting surgical conditions, improving surgeon confidence in performing safer and more complete surgery. It is relied upon heavily for placement of limited external frontal sinusotomies for disease beyond the endoscopic reach, and for mapping the frontal sinus for osteoplastic flap bony cuts. Its use has contributed to the expanding role of endoscopic surgical approaches for paranasal sinus inflammatory and neoplastic disease.
authors.affiliation: Rhinology and Skull Base Research Group, Applied Medical Research Centre, University of New South Wales, 405 Liverpool St, Sydney, NSW 2011, Australia. Electronic address: gmoakley@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Gretchen M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Oakley
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University, 433 Bolivar St, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
authors.forename: Henry P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Barham
authors.affiliation: Rhinology and Skull Base Research Group, Applied Medical Research Centre, University of New South Wales, 405 Liverpool St, Sydney, NSW 2011, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Building F10A, Ground Floor, 2 Technology Pl., Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Harvey
mesh_terms: D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005626:Frontal Sinus / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D059747:Nasal Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D010254:Paranasal Sinus Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: Frontal; Frontal sinus; Image guidance; Navigation; Rhinosinusitis; Sinusitis