title: Behavioral Weight Loss Treatment in Antipsychotic Treated Youth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antipsychotic-treated youth have increased risk for the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Behavioral weight loss treatments show promise in reducing obesity and diabetes risk in antipsychotic treated adults, but have received no study in antipsychotic treated youth.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We describe a rationale for behavioral weight loss interventions in high-weight antipsychotic treated youth, and report behavioral, anthropomorphic, and metabolic findings from a case series of obese antipsychotic-treated adolescents participating in a short-term, family-based behavioral weight loss intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  We adapted the Traffic Light Plan, a 16-week family-based weight loss intervention that promotes healthy energy balance using the colors of the traffic light to categorize the nutritional value of foods and intensity of physical activity, adapting a social ecological framework to address health behavior change in multiple social contexts. The intervention was administered to three obese adolescents with long-term antipsychotic medication exposure. Efficacy of the intervention was evaluated with a battery of anthropomorphic and metabolic assessments including weight, body mass index percentile, whole body adiposity, liver fat content, and fasting plasma glucose and lipids. Participants and their parents also filled out a treatment satisfaction questionnaire upon study completion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two males and 1 female (all aged 14 years) participated. All 3 participants attended all 16 sessions, and experienced beneficial changes in adiposity, fasting lipids and liver fat content associated with weight stabilization or weight loss. Adolescents and their parents all reported a high level of satisfaction with the treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Family-based behavioral weight loss treatment can be feasibly delivered and is acceptable to antipsychotic-treated youth and their families. Randomized controlled trials are needed to fully evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of behavioral weight loss interventions in antipsychotic treated youth and their families.
authors.affiliation: Healthy Mind Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO.
authors.forename: Ginger E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Nicol
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA.
authors.forename: Rachel P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Kolko
authors.affiliation: Healthy Mind Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Akureyri, Iceland.
authors.forename: Thrudur
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gunnarsdottir
authors.affiliation: Healthy Mind Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Yingling
authors.affiliation: Healthy Mind Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO.
authors.forename: Julia A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Schweiger
authors.affiliation: Healthy Mind Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO.
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Lenze
authors.affiliation: Weight Management & Eating Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO.
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Newcomer
authors.affiliation: Weight Management & Eating Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO; Department of Psychology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO.
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wilfley
keywords: Antipsychotic; At-Risk Youth; Pediatric Obesity; Weight Loss Treatment