title: Fluorophore Absorption Size Exclusion Chromatography (FA-SEC): An Alternative Method for High-Throughput Detergent Screening of Membrane Proteins.
abstract: Membrane proteins play key roles in many fundamental functions in cells including ATP synthesis, ion and molecule transporter, cell signalling and enzymatic reactions, accounting for ~30% genes of whole genomes. However, the hydrophobic nature of membrane proteins frequently hampers the progress of structure determination. Detergent screening is the critical step in obtaining stable detergent-solubilized membrane proteins and well-diffracting protein crystals. Fluorescence Detection Size Exclusion Chromatography (FSEC) has been developed to monitor the extraction efficiency and monodispersity of membrane proteins in detergent micelles. By tracing the FSEC profiles of GFP-fused membrane proteins, this method significantly enhances the throughput of detergent screening. However, current methods to acquire FSEC profiles require either an in-line fluorescence detector with the SEC equipment or an off-line spectrofluorometer microplate reader. Here, we introduce an alternative method detecting the absorption of GFP (FA-SEC) at 485 nm, thus making this methodology possible on conventional SEC equipment through the in-line absorbance spectrometer. The results demonstrate that absorption is in great correlation with fluorescence of GFP. The comparably weaker absorption signal can be improved by using a longer path-length flow cell. The FA-SEC profiles were congruent with the ones plotted by FSEC, suggesting FA-SEC could be a comparable and economical setup for detergent screening of membrane proteins.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Sung-Yao
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Xing-Han
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Yu-Hsuan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Shao-En
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Guan-Syun
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Nien-Jen
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D002850:Chromatography, Gel / Q000379:methods*; D003902:Detergents / Q000737:chemistry*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays / Q000379:methods*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D012995:Solubility; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D003902:Detergents; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C485184:enhanced green fluorescent protein; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins