title: The Fukuoka Kidney disease Registry (FKR) Study: design and methods.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an established independent risk factor for progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The onset and progression of CKD are associated with both genetic predisposition and various lifestyle-related factors, but little is known about the influence of genetic-environmental interactions on the incidence of ESRD or CVD in patients with CKD.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Fukuoka Kidney disease Registry (FKR) Study is designed as one of the largest prospective, multicenter, observational cohort studies in non-dialysis dependent CKD patients. The FKR Study aims to enroll approximately 5000 individuals at multiple clinical centers and follow them for up to at least 5 years. At baseline, subjects enrolled in the FKR Study will fill out extensive lifestyle-related questionnaires. Further, their health status and treatments will be monitored annually through a research network of nephrology centers. Blood and urine samples, including DNA/RNA, will be collected at the time of enrolment and every 5-years follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The FKR Study will provide many insights into the onset and progression of CKD, which will suggest hypothesis-driven interventional clinical trials aimed at reducing the burden of CKD. The features of the FKR Study may also facilitate innovative research to identify and validate novel risk factors, including genetic susceptibility and biomarkers, using biomaterials by high-throughput omics technologies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.|Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.|Division of Research Management, Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ninomiya
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujisaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Therapy for Chronic Kidney Disease, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisako
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Masutani
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tokumoto
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Dialysis Center, Japanese Red Cross Fukuoka Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitsuiki
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Dialysis Center, Japanese Red Cross Fukuoka Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirakata
authors.affiliation: Fukuoka Renal Clinic, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujimi
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kiyohara
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takanari
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitazono
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. tsuruya@intmed2.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp.|Department of Integrated Therapy for Chronic Kidney Disease, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan. tsuruya@intmed2.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuruya
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D005260:Female; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D005819:Genetic Markers; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality; D012107:Research Design; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers
keywords: Biomarkers; Epidemiology; Omics; Proteinuria; Renal replacement therapy