title: Petechial Hemorrhages and Ethanol in Deaths from Intoxication.
abstract: Petechiae in conjunctivae and in the palpebrae/skin of the eyelids are of particular interest for the forensic pathologist, because of their association with pressure on the neck. They have been described in the eyelids of intoxicated persons both in case reports and in text books of forensic pathology. We studied 590 deaths caused by intoxication, and 75 had petechiae either in the conjunctivae, the eyelids, or in both locations. We examined the influence of drugs and ethanol on the location of the petechial hemorrhages in these deaths. Deaths with ethanol in blood and in urine/vitreous humor more often had petechiae in both locations than those without. This association was statistically significant, independent of body position and livor mortis. No association between the location of petechiae, medicinal drugs, or narcotics was found. These results suggest that ethanol may contribute to the development of petechial hemorrhages in deaths from intoxication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, N-5021, Norway.
authors.forename: Siren Helen
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Flaagøy
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, N-5021, Norway.|Department of Clinical Medicine, The Gade Laboratory for Pathology, University of Bergen, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, N-5021, Norway.
authors.forename: Inge
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Morild
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, The Gade Laboratory for Pathology, University of Bergen, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, N-5021, Norway.
authors.forename: Bjørn Ove
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Maehle
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, N-5021, Norway. peer.lilleng@uib.no, peer.lilleng@helse-bergen.no.|Department of Clinical Medicine, The Gade Laboratory for Pathology, University of Bergen, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, N-5021, Norway. peer.lilleng@uib.no, peer.lilleng@helse-bergen.no.
authors.forename: Peer Kaare
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Lilleng
mesh_terms: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000506:poisoning*; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000506:poisoning*; D005143:Eyelids / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D049429:Forensic Pathology; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D011693:Purpura
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D000431:Ethanol
keywords: body position; ethanol; forensic pathology; forensic science; intoxication; livor mortis; medicinal drugs; narcotics; petechial hemorrhage; postmortem examination