title: Measurement of sound pressure and temperature in tissue-mimicking material using an optical fiber Bragg grating sensor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The experimental investigation of an optical fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor for biomedical application is described. The FBG sensor can be used to measure sound pressure and temperature rise simultaneously in biological tissues exposed to ultrasound. The theoretical maximum values that can be measured with the FBG sensor are 73.0 MPa and 30 °C.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, measurement of sound pressure up to 5 MPa was performed at an ultrasound frequency of 2 MHz. A maximum temperature change of 6 °C was measured in a tissue-mimicking material.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Values yielded by the FBG sensor agreed with those measured using a thermocouple and a hydrophone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since this sensor is used to monitor the sound pressure and temperature simultaneously, it can also be used for industrial applications, such as ultrasonic cleaning of semiconductors under controlled temperatures.
authors.affiliation: Medical Ultrasound Research Center, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imade
authors.affiliation: Medical Ultrasound Research Center, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kageyama
authors.affiliation: Medical Ultrasound Research Center, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.affiliation: Medical Ultrasound Research Center, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Precision and Intelligence Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan. knakamur@sonic.pi.titech.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Medical Ultrasound Research Center, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Iwaki
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Akiyama
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology / Q000379:methods*; D055100:Optical Fibers; D011312:Pressure; D013016:Sound; D013696:Temperature; D014465:Ultrasonics / Q000295:instrumentation; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water
keywords: FBG; Viscous heating