title: Association among components of resilience and workplace violence-related depression among emergency department nurses in Taiwan: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This correlation study examined the relationship among recently workplace violence, depressive tendency, social support, and resilience of victimised nurses, and we also tried to identify protective factors and potential targets for preventive interventions for these nurses.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Workplace violence in hospitals negatively affects occupational health and safety of medical professionals, especially for emergency department nurses.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional, correlation research design was applied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hierarchical regression was used to examine data which were collected from June 2013 to December 2013 from emergency departments in Taiwan. One hundred and eighty nurses were recruited from two hospitals. Structured interviews and questionnaires were applied to collect data, including the Social Support Scale, the Resilience Scale and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 159 (88·33%) nurses had suffered from physical or verbal violence by patients or their family. Resilience and peer support were significantly higher in the group without depressive tendency. Components of resilience of personal strength, social competence, structure style and religious beliefs were significant factors which accounted for 46·0% of variance in depressive tendency. Three of the five components of resilience: personal strength, social competence and structured style were found to have profounder effects against depressive tendency than peer support.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hospital managers should establish a safer working environment for emergency department nurses and reinforce their resilience against depression when they encounter workplace violence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that three of the five components of resilience: personal strength, social competence and structured style are protective factors against depressive tendency in victimised nurses. Improving these three components with coping and problem-solving skills by healthcare manager would be effective measures for enhancing their resilience in situations of workplace violence.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiu-Fen
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.|Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yao-Mei
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. hhwang@kmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Hsiu-Hung
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Dayeh University, Changhua, Taiwan.|Department of Nursing, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shu-Chen
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Nursing Department, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shu-Ching
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000523:psychology*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013624:Taiwan; D064450:Workplace Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: depression; nurses; resilience; social support; workplace violence