title: GRIM-19, a gene associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality, affects endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation.
abstract: GRIM-19 is associated with apoptosis, abnormal proliferation, immune tolerance and malignant transformation, and it also plays an important role in early embryonic development. Although the homologous deletion of GRIM-19 causes embryonic lethality in mice, the precise role of GRIM-19 in embryo implantation has not been elucidated. Here we show that GRIM-19 plays an important role in endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation. Day 1 to Day 6 pregnant mouse uteri were collected. Immunohistochemistry studies revealed the presence of GRIM-19 on the luminal epithelium and glandular epithelium throughout the implantation period in pregnant mice. The protein and mRNA levels of GRIM-19 were markedly decreased on Day 4 of pregnancy in pregnant mice, but there was no change in GRIM-19 levels in a group of pseudopregnant mice. Overexpression of GRIM-19 decreased the adhesion rate of RL95-2-BeWo co-cultured spheroids and increased apoptosis. Furthermore, STAT3 and IL-11 mRNA and protein levels were reduced by overexpressing GRIM-19, but protein and mRNA levels of TNF-α were increased. These findings indicate the involvement of GRIM-19 in the embryo implantation process by regulating adhesion, apoptosis and immune tolerance.
authors.affiliation: Infertility Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Infertility Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
authors.forename: Yanyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Infertility Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
authors.forename: Laiyang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Infertility Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Infertility Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
authors.forename: Yanjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Infertility Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
authors.forename: Ligang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Infertility Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Infertility Center, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D017370:Interleukin-11 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011555:Pseudopregnancy / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018874:Spheroids, Cellular; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017370:Interleukin-11; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C494087:Stat3 protein, mouse; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; C486684:Grim19 protein, mouse