title: Ursolic acid attenuates beta-amyloid-induced memory impairment in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Increasing evidence demonstrates that oxidative stress and inflammatory are involved in amyloid β (Aβ)-induced memory impairments. Ursolic acid (UA), a triterpenoid compound, has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. However, it remains unclear whether UA attenuates Aβ-induced neurotoxicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  The aggregated Aβ25-35 was intracerebroventricularly administered to mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that UA significantly reversed the Aβ25-35-induced learning and memory deficits. Our results indicated that one of the potential mechanisms of the neuroprotective effect was attenuating the Aβ25-35-induced accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and depletion of glutathione (GSH) in the hippocampus. Furthermore, UA significantly suppressed the upregulation of IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis-α factor levels in the hippocampus of Aβ25-35-treated mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that UA prevents memory impairment through amelioration of oxidative stress, inflammatory response and may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
authors.affiliation: The Third People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Department of Neurology, Shandong , China, The Third People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Department of Neurology, Shandong, China;
authors.forename: Wenna
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: The Third People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Department of Neurology, Shandong , China, The Third People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Department of Neurology, Shandong, China;
authors.forename: Xiaoyang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: The Third People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Department of Neurology, Shandong , China, The Third People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Department of Neurology, Shandong, China;
authors.forename: Jinping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: The Third People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Department of Pharmacy, Shandong , China, The Third People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Department of Pharmacy, Shandong, China;
authors.forename: Fenghua
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: The Third Affiliated Hospital, Qiqihar Medical University, Department of Neurology, Heilong Jiang , China, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Department of Neurology, Heilong Jiang, China.
authors.forename: Yunzhi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D018782:Maze Learning; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000097245:Ursolic Acid
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D014315:Triterpenes; D000097245:Ursolic Acid