title: Intracellular Self-Assembly of Cyclic d-Luciferin Nanoparticles for Persistent Bioluminescence Imaging of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase.
abstract: Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) overexpression induces several disorder symptoms in nerve systems, and therefore long-term tracing of FAAH activity in vivo is of high importance but remains challenging. Current bioluminescence (BL) methods are limited in detecting FAAH activity within 5 h. Herein, by rational design of a latent BL probe (d-Cys-Lys-CBT)2 (1), we developed a "smart" method of intracellular reduction-controlled self-assembly and FAAH-directed disassembly of its cyclic d-luciferin-based nanoparticles (i.e., 1-NPs) for persistent BL imaging of FAAH activity in vitro, in cells, and in vivo. Using aminoluciferin methyl amide (AMA), Lys-amino-d-luciferin (Lys-Luc), and amino-d-luciferin (NH2-Luc) as control BL probes, we validated that the persistent BL of 1 from luciferase-expressing cells or tumors was controlled by the activity of intracellular FAAH. With the property of long-term tracing of FAAH activity in vivo of 1, we envision that our BL precursor 1 could probably be applied for in vivo screening of FAAH inhibitors and the diagnosis of their related diseases (or disorders) in the future.
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei Science Center CAS, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Analysis Center, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China.
authors.forename: Fuqiang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei Science Center CAS, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei Science Center CAS, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
authors.forename: Zhanling
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei Science Center CAS, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei Science Center CAS, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
authors.forename: Huafeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei Science Center CAS, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
authors.forename: Gaolin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D000581:Amidohydrolases / Q000032:analysis*; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D053758:Nanoparticles; D000099252:Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolases
chemical_list: D000581:Amidohydrolases; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D000099252:Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolases; C532924:D-luciferin
keywords: bioluminescence; cyclic d-luciferin; disassembly; fatty acid amide hydrolase; self-assembly