title: Prevalence and factors associated with hyperuricaemia in newly diagnosed and untreated hypertensives in a sub-Saharan African setting.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few studies have evaluated the link between hyperuricaemia and cardiovascular disease in sub-Saharan Africa.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prevalence of and factors associated with hyperuricaemia among newly diagnosed treatment-naïve hypertensive patients in sub-Saharan Africa.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a community-based cross-sectional study from January to December 2012 in Douala, Cameroon (Central Africa). We enrolled newly diagnosed treatment-naïve hypertensive patients, and excluded those with gout or a history of gout. Serum uric acid concentrations were measured by enzymatic colourimetric methods, and hyperuricaemia was defined as a serum uric acid concentration>70IU/mL. Fasting blood sugar concentrations, serum creatinine concentrations and lipid profiles were also measured. Logistic regression was used to study factors associated with hyperuricaemia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We included 839 newly diagnosed treatment-naïve hypertensive patients (427 women and 412 men; mean age 51±11 years; mean serum uric acid concentration 60.5±16.5IU/L). The prevalence of hyperuricaemia was 31.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 28.7-34.9) and did not differ by sex (132 women vs. 135 men; P=0.56). Multivariable logistic regression identified age>55 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.65, 95% CI 1.12-2.29), family history of hypertension (AOR 1.65, 95% CI 1.01-2.67), waist circumference>102cm in men or>88cm in women (AOR 1.60, 95% CI 1.12-2.29), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol>1g/L (AOR 1.33, 95% CI 0.97-1.82) and triglycerides>1.5g/L (AOR 1.63, 95% CI 1.01-2.65) as independently associated with hyperuricaemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hyperuricaemia is common among newly diagnosed treatment-naïve hypertensive patients in sub-Saharan Africa and is associated with some components of the metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine Unit, Douala General Hospital, P. O. Box 4856, Douala, Cameroon; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon. Electronic address: kamdem_djimegne@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: Félicité
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kamdem
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine Unit, Douala General Hospital, P. O. Box 4856, Douala, Cameroon; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Marie-Solange
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Doualla
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine Unit, Douala General Hospital, P. O. Box 4856, Douala, Cameroon; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kemta Lekpa
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine Unit, Douala General Hospital, P. O. Box 4856, Douala, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Elvis
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Temfack
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine Unit, Douala General Hospital, P. O. Box 4856, Douala, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Yvette
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ngo Nouga
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine Unit, Douala General Hospital, P. O. Box 4856, Douala, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sontsa Donfack
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine Unit, Douala General Hospital, P. O. Box 4856, Douala, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Anastase
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dzudie
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kingue
mesh_terms: D002163:Cameroon / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014527:Uric Acid
keywords: Acide urique; Afrique sub-saharienne; Cardiovascular risk factors; Facteurs de risque cardiovasculaires; Hypertension; Hypertension artérielle; Hyperuricaemia; Hyperuricémie; Sub-Saharan Africa; Uric acid