title: A Predictive Model on North Korean Refugees' Adaptation to South Korean Society: Resilience in Response to Psychological Trauma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated prediction of North Korean refugees' adaptation to the South Korean society and verified the goodness of fit between a hypothetical model and actual data in order to suggest the best model.
  
  
  METHODS
  This survey was conducted with 445 North Korean refugees living in a metropolitan area. Data were collected from September 1st to November 20th, 2012, and analyzed using SPSS Windows 18.0 and AMOS 17.0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Traumatic experiences of North Korean refugees increased self-efficacy and psychological trauma. Acculturation stress decreased self-efficacy and increased passive coping. Self-efficacy affected active and passive coping, decreased psychological trauma, and increased resilience. Resilience is successful adaptation and refers to North Korean refugees' abilities to adapt effectively to stress. In particular, self-efficacy as the main parameter affecting resilience was confirmed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that resilience can be improved through self-efficacy. It was the most significant factor decreasing psychological trauma and increasing resilience. Therefore, we need to develop programs for self-efficacy. The results also provide basic data for policy making for North Korean refugees.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Kyung Min College, Uijeongbu, South Korea.
authors.forename: So-Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing Science, East-West Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: sweetnurseme@naver.com.
authors.forename: Sang-Sook
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000069:Acculturation; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D056911:Democratic People's Republic of Korea / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D000067073:Psychological Trauma / Q000208:ethnology*; D012036:Refugees / Q000523:psychology*; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D020377:Self Efficacy; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: adaptation; resilience; self-efficacy