title: Predictors of seizures in patients with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.
abstract: Although seizures are common in patients with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), epilepsy is rare. Our objective was to identify predictors and impact of seizures in patients with PRES.
  
  
  
  A retrospective review of the clinical and radiological parameters of all patients diagnosed with PRES from 2007 to 2014 was performed. Patients were divided into two groups based on the occurrence of PRES-related seizures at presentation or during their hospital course. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine factors associated with the occurrence of PRES-related seizures.
  
  
  
  Of 100 patients, 70% experienced at least one seizure from PRES. On univariate analysis, the factors associated with seizures were the following: high Charlson comorbidity index (4.16±2.89 vs. 2.87±2.20, p=0.03), systemic malignancy (41.4% vs. 16.7%, p=0.02), occipital lobe involvement (97.1% vs. 83.3%, p=0.02), more lobes involved (4.6±1.48 vs. 3.9±1.32, p=0.03) but less likely in patients with visual disturbances (15.7% vs. 46.7%, p=0.005), and facial droop (12.9% vs. 16.7%, p=0.002). On multivariate analysis, only occipital lobe involvement was significantly (odds ratio: 9.63, 95% CI: 1.45-64.10, p=0.02) associated with the occurrence of PRES-related seizures. Despite the occurrence of seizures, they were less likely to require a nursing home placement upon hospital discharge (odds ratio: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.03-0.91, p=0.04).
  
  
  
  We conclude that seizures are common in patients with occipital lobe involvement from PRES.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA; Department of Neurology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA. Electronic address: archanahinduja@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Archana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hinduja
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, Arkansas Children Hospital, Little Rock, AR, USA.
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Habetz
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Dr. RP Government Medical College, Tanda, India.
authors.forename: Sunil Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Raina
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
authors.forename: Kinshuk
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sahaya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000473:pathology*; D054038:Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012640:Seizures / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology
keywords: Hypertensive encephalopathy; Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome; Seizures