title: Association between naturally occurring anti-amyloid β autoantibodies and medial temporal lobe atrophy in Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Naturally occurring autoantibodies against amyloid β (Aβ) peptide exist in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of healthy individuals. Recently, it was reported that administration of intravenous immunoglobulin at the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD) reduces brain atrophy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between naturally occurring anti-Aβ autoantibodies and brain atrophy in patients with cognitive impairment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum and CSF levels of anti-Aβ autoantibodies and CSF biomarkers were evaluated in 68 patients with cognitive impairment, comprising 44 patients with AD, 19 patients with amnestic MCI and five patients with non-Alzheimer's dementia. The degree of brain atrophy was assessed using the voxel-based specific regional analysis system for AD, which targets the volume of interest (VOI) in medial temporal structures, including the whole hippocampus, entorhinal cortex and amygdala.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CSF levels of anti-Aβ autoantibodies were inversely correlated with the extent and severity of VOI atrophy, and the ratio of VOI/grey matter atrophy in patients with AD, but not in MCI or non-AD patients. Serum levels of anti-Aβ autoantibodies were not associated with these parameters in any of the patient groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that CSF levels of naturally occurring anti-Aβ autoantibodies are inversely associated with the degree of the VOI atrophy in patients with AD. Although the mechanism is unclear, CSF levels of naturally occurring anti-Aβ autoantibodies may be implicated in the progression of atrophy of the whole hippocampus, entorhinal cortex and amygdala, in AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.affiliation: Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.|Advanced Diagnostic System Research Laboratory, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takemura
authors.affiliation: Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshikura
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inuzuka
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000647:Amnesia / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000276:immunology*; D001284:Atrophy / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009929:Organ Size; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers