title: Health professionals in Flanders perceive the potential health risks of vaping as lower than those of smoking but do not recommend using e-cigarettes to their smoking patients.
abstract: Many misperceptions of both risks and opportunities of e-cigarettes (e-cigs) exist among the general population and among physicians, although e-cigs could be a valuable harm reduction tool for current smokers.
  
  
  
  Two groups in Flanders, namely general practitioners (GPs; family doctors) and tobacco counselors filled out an online questionnaire with regard to their attitudes and risk perceptions concerning e-cigs. Statements included were on the safety and the addictive properties of e-cigs in absolute terms, whereas other items compared e-cigs with regular tobacco cigarettes. Statements about possible "gateway" and "renormalization" effects, selling to minors, and use in public places and on the potential of e-cigs as a smoking cessation aid were also included. Respondents were also asked for the rate at which their patients asked information about e-cigs, if they would recommend e-cigs to their smoking patients, and whether they had information brochures on e-cigs.
  
  
  
  About 70 % believed that e-cigs are harmful to vapers, and about half to two thirds believed that e-cigs are carcinogenic, increase cardiovascular risk, and increase the risk of chronic lung disease. Also, a substantial minority incorrectly believed these risks to be no less than those resulting from regular smoking. Ten to almost 20 % disagreed that e-cigs are healthier and represent less risk for the main serious smoking-related diseases than conventional cigarettes. More than half of the respondents disagreed that e-cigs are an effective smoking cessation aid. None (0 %) offered the strongest level of agreement for recommending e-cigs to their clients/patients, but GPs agreed to a lesser degree a bit more often than tobacco counselors. Almost none had information leaflets for potentially interested patients. Finally, the majority of our sample also believed that e-cigs will cause renormalization of smoking and that e-cigs will lead to an uptake of conventional smoking and disagreed with allowing vaping in enclosed public places.
  
  
  
  Health professionals in Flanders perceive the potential health risks of vaping as lower than those of smoking but do not recommend using e-cigs to their smoking patients.
authors.affiliation: Thomas More University College Antwerp and KU Leuven, Antwerp, Belgium. dinska.vangucht@thomasmore.be.|KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. dinska.vangucht@thomasmore.be.
authors.forename: Dinska
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5012-2522
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Van Gucht
authors.affiliation: KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. frank.baeyens@kuleuven.be.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baeyens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001530:Belgium; D003376:Counseling; D066300:Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D058006:General Practice / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010465:Perception; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012309:Risk-Taking; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D000072137:Vaping / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Attitudes; Electronic cigarette; Risk perception