title: Reasons for Apical Surgery Treatment in an Underserved New York City Population.
abstract: Endodontic retreatment often involves remaking restorations. The total cost may steer the treatment towards surgery. The aim of this study was to retrospectively record the reasons for performing apical surgery in an economically deprived patient population. The clinical reasons (59%) for apical surgery were most common, but the nonclinical (financial) reasons (41%) emerged as a major cause. The finding that 41% of the apicoectomies were performed because of nonclinical constraints is a high figure and may not reflect the situation generally. Still, economic factors potentially play a major role in the selection of surgical versus nonsurgical endodontic retreatment.
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hasselgren
authors.forename: Pratik
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Hashim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alhassany
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kunzel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001047:Apicoectomy / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003784:Dental Pulp Calcification / Q000453:epidemiology; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000293:injuries; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D010483:Periapical Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D011176:Post and Core Technique / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011203:Poverty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019233:Retreatment; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000009:adverse effects; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation; D012390:Root Canal Therapy / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000293:injuries; D035862:Vulnerable Populations / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials