title: Health education and clinical care of immigrant women with female genital mutilation/cutting who request postpartum reinfibulation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the percentage of women with female genital mutilation/cutting who request postpartum reinfibulation, and to assess outcomes after specific care and counseling.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review was undertaken of consecutive medical files of immigrant women with FGM/C who attended a center in Geneva, Switzerland, between April 1, 2010, and January 8, 2014. The number of postpartum reinfibulation requests and outcomes were assessed. If a patient requests postpartum reinfibulation despite receiving detailed information and counseling, a longer follow-up is arranged for further counseling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 196 women with FGM/C, 8 (4.1%) requested postpartum reinfibulation. All eight were of East African origin, had FGM/C type III, and received a longer and more targeted follow-up than did those who did not request reinfibulation. After at least 1year of follow-up, none of the eight was willing to undergo reinfibulation. One woman who attended the clinic only once during her first pregnancy consulted the emergency ward of the study center 3years later because of postcoital bleeding following infibulation performed in her home country a few months after her second delivery in Switzerland.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Specific care and counseling for women with FGM/C type III can improve the acceptability of defibulation without reinfibulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland. Electronic address: jasmine.abdulcadir@hcuge.ch.
authors.forename: Jasmine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abdulcadir
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McLaren
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boulvain
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Irion
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019093:Circumcision, Female / Q000208:ethnology*; D003376:Counseling / Q000379:methods*; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019017:Eritrea / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education; D006801:Humans; D049590:Postpartum Period; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012998:Somalia / Q000208:ethnology; D013557:Switzerland; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Defibulation; Female genital mutilation/cutting; Infibulation; Reinfibulation