title: Effects and Management of Parthenium hysterophorus: A Weed of Global Significance.
abstract: Congress grass, Parthenium hysterophorus L., of the family Asteraceae (tribe: Heliantheae), is an erect and much branched annual or ephermeral herb, known for its notorious role as environmental, medical, and agricultural hazards. It is believed to have been introduced into India and Australia from North America and in the last few years the weed has emerged as the seventh most devastating weed in Africa, Asia, and Australia. The aim of this review is to provide general information about the physiology, distribution, ill effects, and management of parthenium. Control of parthenium has been tried by various methods, but no single management option would be adequate to manage parthenium, and there is a need to integrate various management options. Successful management of this weed can only be achieved by an integrated approach with biological control as the key element.
authors.affiliation: Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India.
authors.forename: Manpreet
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6248-4571
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.affiliation: Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India.
authors.forename: Neeraj Kumar
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Aggarwal
authors.affiliation: Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India.
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India.
authors.forename: Romika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dhiman