title: Sarcolipin knockout mice fed a high-fat diet exhibit altered indices of adipose tissue inflammation and remodeling.
abstract: To investigate indices of adipose tissue inflammation and remodeling in high-fat diet (HFD) sarcolipin-knockout (SLN(-) (/-) ) mice. SLN regulates muscle-based nonshivering thermogenesis and is up-regulated with HFD. SLN(-) (/-) mice develop greater diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. This is accompanied by increases in circulating catecholamines and fatty acids. Catecholamines and fatty acids play a role in the pathology of adipose tissue inflammation.
  
  
  
  Male mice (wild type and SLN(-) (/-) ) were fed a HFD (42% kcal from fat) for 8 weeks.
  
  
  
  SLN(-) (/-) mice displayed greater obesity and glucose intolerance. This was accompanied by higher circulating epinephrine and nonesterified fatty acids. Epididymal but not inguinal subcutaneous adipose tissue from SLN(-) (/-) mice displayed higher interleukin-6, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA expression, and this was associated with increased markers of macrophage infiltration (F4/80 expression and crown-like structures) and M1 polarization (higher CD11c expression and CD11c/MGL1). Interestingly, this occurred despite SLN(-) (/-) mice having smaller adipocytes.
  
  
  
  In conditions of nutrient excess, SLN(-) (/-) mice display depot-specific increases in indices of adipose tissue inflammation and remodeling. This could be a compensatory response to reductions in muscle-based thermogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Rebecca E K
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: MacPherson
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gamu
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Frendo-Cumbo
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Castellani
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Frenk
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: A Russell
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Tupling
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Wright
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000378:metabolism; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011510:Proteolipids / Q000502:physiology*; D000071223:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D022722:Thermogenesis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D011510:Proteolipids; C491411:Socs3 protein, mouse; D000071223:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C077258:sarcolipin; D004837:Epinephrine