title: The Edible Red Seaweed Gracilariopsis chorda Promotes Axodendritic Architectural Complexity in Hippocampal Neurons.
abstract: The edible red seaweed Gracilariopsis chorda (Holmes) Ohmi is known for its extensive medicinal benefits and its use as a food ingredient in Korea, Japan, and China. In a previous study, an ethanol extract of G. chorda (GCE) showed potential neuroprotective effects in cultured hippocampal neurons. In this study, we further examined the ability of GCE to promote neurite extension in primary rat hippocampal neurons. Neurons were stained with the lipophilic dye DiO or immunostained to visualize the neuronal morphology. The results indicated that GCE concentration-dependently increased neurite outgrowth, with an optimal concentration of 30 μg/mL. GCE significantly promoted early neuronal differentiation (i.e., polarity and process number) and enhanced axonal and dendritic arborization in a time-responsive manner. In addition, arachidonic acid, which was previously identified and quantified as a major neuroprotective component of GCE, significantly accelerated neurite outgrowth similar to GCE. Our findings suggest that G. chorda and its active component, arachidonic acid, may be useful for developing medicinal food or pharmaceuticals in the prevention and treatment of neurological disorders.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University , Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Md
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohibbullah
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University , Busan, Korea.|2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University , Mymensingh, Bangladesh .
authors.forename: Md
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdul Hannan
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University , Gyeongju, Gyeongbuk, Korea.
authors.forename: In-Sik
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Dongguk University , Gyeongju, Gyeongbuk, Korea.
authors.forename: Il Soo
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University , Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Ki
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D001369:Axons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D044724:Gracilaria / Q000737:chemistry*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000196:embryology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000187:drug effects*; D009474:Neurons / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D056910:Republic of Korea
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D016718:Arachidonic Acid
keywords: Gracilariopsis chorda; arachidonic acid; axodendrite; hippocampal neuron; neuritogenesis