title: Cyanidin suppresses amyloid beta-induced neurotoxicity by inhibiting reactive oxygen species-mediated DNA damage and apoptosis in PC12 cells.
abstract: Amyloid beta (Aβ)-induced oxidative stress is a major pathologic hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Cyanidin, a natural flavonoid compound, is neuroprotective against oxidative damage-mediated degeneration. However, its molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of cyanidin pretreatment against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells, and explored the underlying mechanisms. Cyanidin pretreatment significantly attenuated Aβ-induced cell mortality and morphological changes in PC12 cells. Mechanistically, cyanidin effectively blocked apoptosis induced by Aβ, by restoring the mitochondrial membrane potential via upregulation of Bcl-2 protein expression. Moreover, cyanidin markedly protected PC12 cells from Aβ-induced DNA damage by blocking reactive oxide species and superoxide accumulation. These results provide evidence that cyanidin suppresses Aβ-induced cytotoxicity, by preventing oxidative damage mediated by reactive oxide species, which in turn inhibits mitochondrial apoptosis. Our study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of cyanidin in the prevention of oxidative stress-mediated Aβ neurotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Chonbuk National University Medical College, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; Key Lab of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ting
authors.initials: XT
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Da-Wei
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Xin-Zhi
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Bao-Liang
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yi
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Taian Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Zun-Cheng
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4021-4084
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Chonbuk National University Medical College, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Nam Chun
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Cho
keywords: amyloid-beta; apoptosis; cyanidin; nerve regeneration; neural regeneration; oxidative damage; reactive oxide species