title: Cytomegalovirus Ocular Involvement in a Kidney Transplant Recipient.
abstract: Cytomegalovirus remains the most common infection after kidney transplant. We report cytomegalovirus retinitis and anterior uveitis, which developed consecutively within 1 year in a kidney transplant recipient. A 25-year-old man presented 5 months after transplant with decreased visual acuity in his left eye. Fundus examination revealed bilateral areas of necrotizing retinitis with intraretinal hemorrhages. The confirmation of cytomegalovirus disease was based on clinical findings and positive polymerase chain reaction for cytomegalovirus in plasma and in aqueous humor. The patient was treated with intravenous ganciclovir for 21 days and then with valacyclovir for 3 months. The patient's symptoms improved, and fundus examination revealed resolution of retinitis with appearance of retinal scarring. One year later, the patient presented with cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis associated with increased intraocular pressure, which was treated with antiviral agents, antiglaucomatous eye drops, and trabeculectomy. Cytomegalovirus ocular involvement for our immunocompromised patient presented in 2 consecutive forms: bilateral retinitis and anterior uveitis. Early diagnosis and treatment of active cytomegalovirus retinitis and uveitis remain crucial to prevent their progression to irreversible visual impairment.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Nephrology, Fattouma Bourguiba Hospital, and the University Faculty of Medicine, Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Mouna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamouda
authors.forename: Rim
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kahloun
authors.forename: Lazher
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jaballah
authors.forename: Sabra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aloui
authors.forename: Habib
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Skhiri
authors.forename: Bechir
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jelliti
authors.forename: Moncef
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khairallah
authors.forename: Mezri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elmay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017726:Cytomegalovirus Retinitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014606:Uveitis, Anterior / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents