title: Organoids from adult liver and pancreas: Stem cell biology and biomedical utility.
abstract: The liver and pancreas are critical organs maintaining whole body metabolism. Historically, the expansion of adult-derived cells from these organs in vitro has proven challenging and this in turn has hampered studies of liver and pancreas stem cell biology, as well as being a roadblock to disease modelling and cell replacement therapies for pathologies in these organs. Recently, defined culture conditions have been described which allow the in vitro culture and manipulation of adult-derived liver and pancreatic material. Here we review these systems and assess their physiological relevance, as well as their potential utility in biomedicine.
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, Henry Wellcome Building of Cancer and Developmental Biology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK; The Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hindley
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, Henry Wellcome Building of Cancer and Developmental Biology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK; Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK; Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK.
authors.forename: Lucía
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cordero-Espinoza
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, Henry Wellcome Building of Cancer and Developmental Biology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK; Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK; Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK. Electronic address: m.huch@gurdon.cam.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Meritxell
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development*; D008115:Liver Regeneration; D008954:Models, Biological; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D038081:Organogenesis; D009940:Organoids / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology
keywords: 3D cultures; Liver; Niche signals; Organoid; Pancreas; Stem cell