title: In situ photoimmunotherapy for cutaneous granuloma caused by itraconazole-resistant Candida guilliermondii.
abstract: Cutaneous granulomas caused by Candida guilliermondii are difficult to cure. In situ photoimmunotherapy (ISPI) is a novel method composed of local photothermal therapy and immunoadjuvant. In this study, ISPI was used the first time clinically for cutaneous granuloma caused by itraconazole-resistant C.guilliermondii. A 10-week cycle of ISPI was composed of (1) 5% imiquimod applied topically every other day and (2) irradiation of lesions with an 808-nm diode laser at Days 14, 28, 42, and 56. Here we report our first case. A patient was treated with ISPI for four cycles. After the treatment, the lesions were eliminated without recurrence during a 12-month follow-up. Our results demonstrate that ISPI can be used as an effective treatment modality for cutaneous fungal granuloma.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.|Biophotonics Research Laboratory, Center for Interdisciplinary Biomedical Education and Research, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, Oklahoma, USA.
authors.forename: Wei R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Chan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Guolong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Fuhe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China. lianjuan_yang@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Lianjuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China. xlwang2001@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Xiuli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000634:Aminoquinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001706:Biopsy; D002179:Candidiasis, Cutaneous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D006099:Granuloma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000077271:Imiquimod; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D054023:Lasers, Semiconductor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D010789:Phototherapy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000634:Aminoquinolines; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D017964:Itraconazole; D000077271:Imiquimod
keywords: Candida guilliermondii; cutaneous granuloma; in situ photoimmunotherapy; photothermal therapy