title: PA and NP productivity in the Veterans Health Administration.
abstract: This study assessed the 2014 clinical productivity of 5,959 physician assistants (PAs) and nurse practitioners (NPs) in the US Department of Veterans Affairs' Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Total work relative value units divided by the direct clinical full-time equivalent measured annual productivity, and correlated factors were examined using weighted analysis of variance. PAs and NPs in adult primary care roles were more productive than those in other specialties. Both providers were more productive in rural than in nonrural settings and less productive in teaching than nonteaching hospitals. Men were slightly more productive than women but age and years of VHA employment were not correlates of productivity. PAs were more productive when their scope of practice allowed significant autonomy; NP productivity was unaffected by supervisory requirements. PAs and NPs are an important component of the VHA provider workforce, and their productivity correlates with a number of factors. More organizational research is necessary to better understand the contributing roles PAs and NPs provide in a rapidly evolving, vertically integrated, national health delivery system.
authors.affiliation: Eileen A. Moran is director of the VHA Office of Productivity, Efficiency, and Staffing in West Haven, Conn. Edesha Basa is a health system specialist for the chief of staff of the San Francisco (Calif.) VA Health Care System. Jian Gao is a senior economist in the Office of Productivity, Efficiency and Staffing at the Department of Veterans Affairs in Albany, N.Y. Denni Woodmansee is the director of physician assistant services in the VHA Office of the Assistant Deputy Undersecretary for Health for Policy and Services in Washington, D.C. Peter L. Almenoff is director of organizational excellence in the Department of Veterans Affairs at Kansas City, Mo. Roderick S. Hooker is a retired PA and health policy analyst. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.
authors.forename: Eileen A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Moran
authors.forename: Edesha
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Basa
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Denni
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Woodmansee
authors.forename: Peter L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Almenoff
authors.forename: Roderick S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Hooker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009722:Nurse Practitioners; D010823:Physician Assistants; D011320:Primary Health Care; D014481:United States; D014493:United States Department of Veterans Affairs; D058014:Veterans Health