title: Newcastle disease virus-vectored West Nile fever vaccine is immunogenic in mammals and poultry.
abstract: West Nile virus (WNV) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen which is harmful to human and animal health. Effective vaccination in susceptible hosts should protect against WNV infection and significantly reduce viral transmission between animals and from animals to humans. A versatile vaccine suitable for different species that can be delivered via flexible routes remains an essential unmet medical need. In this study, we developed a recombinant avirulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) LaSota strain expressing WNV premembrane/envelope (PrM/E) proteins (designated rLa-WNV-PrM/E) and evaluated its immunogenicity in mice, horses, chickens, ducks and geese.
  
  
  
  Mouse immunization experiments disclosed that rLa-WNV-PrM/E induces significant levels of WNV-neutralizing antibodies and E protein-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses. Moreover, recombinant rLa-WNV-PrM/E elicited significant levels of WNV-specific IgG in horses upon delivery via intramuscular immunization, and in chickens, ducks and geese via intramuscular, oral or intranasal immunization.
  
  
  
  Our results collectively support the utility of rLa-WNV-PrM/E as a promising WNV veterinary vaccine candidate for mammals and poultry.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jinliang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jinying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ronghong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Renqiang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xijun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Encheng
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Donglai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Chengfeng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China. zywen7@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Zhiyuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, People's Republic of China. buzhigao@caas.cn.
authors.forename: Zhigao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D002645:Chickens; D005260:Female; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008322:Mammals / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D051379:Mice; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D014611:Vaccination; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014901:West Nile Fever / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines
keywords: Mammal; Neutralizing antibody; Newcastle disease virus vectored vaccine; Poultry; T cell response; West Nile fever