title: Early nontumorous CT findings after irreversible electroporation of locally advanced pancreatic cancer.
abstract: The use of irreversible electroporation (IRE) has been a relatively recent development in the palliative treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer. With CT as a key modality in patient follow-up, recognition of nontumorous imaging findings is paramount after IRE.
  
  
  
  A retrospective review of patients having undergone IRE for locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma was performed. A total of 36 patients met inclusion criteria and their imaging studies were reviewed by two radiologists. Nontumorous abnormalities identified in the peri-electroporation bed on Computed Tomography (CT) during the early postoperative period (within 30 days) were characterized and classified into categories.
  
  
  
  Our results indicate that the most common nontumorous findings in the peri-electroporation bed were vascular, followed by changes involving the gastrointestinal tract, peritoneal cavity, and, infrequently, the biliary tree.
  
  
  
  Interpretation of CT imaging of the postoperative peri-electroporation bed is challenging. This review of CT findings allows the radiologist to recognize and anticipate significant nontumorous findings in the peri-electroporation bed during early follow-up after IRE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. brittany.schulz@louisville.edu.
authors.forename: Brittany
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3286-6314
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.|Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
authors.forename: Jao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Van Meter
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
authors.forename: Robert C G
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018274:Electroporation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010179:Pancreas / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Computed tomography (CT); Irreversible electroporation; Pancreatic adenocarcinoma