title: Significance of oligohydramnios in preterm small-for-gestational-age infants for outcome at 18 months of age.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between oligohydramnios and other perinatal factors in preterm small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants who had cerebral palsy at 18 months of age or who had died before this age.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study included 320 infants with birthweights < 3rd percentile delivered between 22 and 33 complete weeks of gestation. We evaluated the incidence of CP at 18 months of age and of death before this age. The significant risk factors, including oligohydramnios, of CP or death of preterm SGA infants were evaluated by logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of CP or death was 47/320 (14.7%), consisting of 24/320 (7.5%) cases of CP and 23/320 (7.2%) cases of death. Oligohydramnios (adjusted odds ratio, 2.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-4.45) and gestational age (adjusted odds ratio, 0.76; 95% confidence interval, 0.66-0.87) were independently correlated with outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of adverse outcomes was approximately 15% in preterm SGA infants. SGA infants born with oligohydramnios may be at increased risk for CP or death compared to those with normal amniotic volume.
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Izumi, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sasahara
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Izumi, Japan. keisui@mch.pref.osaka.jp.
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.affiliation: Center of Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nagayoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Umehara
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Mari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oba
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kiyoshi
authors.affiliation: Maternal and Perinatal Care Center, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murakoshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanemoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyotake
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ichizuka
authors.affiliation: Center of Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyorin University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Miyagi Children's Hospital, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsusuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ozawa
authors.affiliation: Center of Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruhiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sago
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D016104:Oligohydramnios / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: cerebral palsy; fetal growth restriction; long-term outcome; preterm infant; small-for-gestational-age infant