title: Overcoming foreign-body reaction through nanotopography: Biocompatibility and immunoisolation properties of a nanofibrous membrane.
abstract: Implantable immunoisolation membranes need to possess superior biocompatibility to prohibit the fibrotic deposition that would reduce the nutrient supply and impair the viability/function of the encapsulated cells. Here, electrospun membranes based on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) were fabricated to contain microfibers (PU-micro) or nanofibers (PU-nano). The two types of membranes were compared in terms of their interaction with macrophage cells and the host tissues. It was found that the fibrous membranes of different topographies possess distinct material properties: PU-nano caused minimal macrophage responses in vitro and in vivo and induced only mild foreign body reactions compared to PU-micro membranes. A flat macroencapsulation device was fabricated using PU-nano membranes and its immunoisolation function investigated in subcutaneous transplantation models. The nanofibrous device demonstrated the capability to effectively shield the allografts from the immune attack of the host. Nanotopography may confer biocompatibility to materials and nanofibrous materials warrant further study for development of "invisible" immunoisolation devices for cell transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Room 206, Fangzheng Building, 298 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Room 206, Fangzheng Building, 298 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Da
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Room 206, Fangzheng Building, 298 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Chengsheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Room 206, Fangzheng Building, 298 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vuletic
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Room 206, Fangzheng Building, 298 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Ni
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Room 206, Fangzheng Building, 298 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Xi
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Room 206, Fangzheng Building, 298 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Qiu-Shi
authors.initials: QS
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Liangyi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Room 206, Fangzheng Building, 298 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China. Electronic address: ying.luo@pku.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000276:immunology; D016381:Islets of Langerhans Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011140:Polyurethanes
keywords: Cell transplantation; Electrospun membrane; Foreign body response; Macroencapsulation; Nanofiber