title: Frequency of cholecystectomy and associated sociodemographic and clinical risk factors in the ELSA-Brasil study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There are few data in the literature on the frequency of cholecystectomy in Brazil. The frequency of cholecystectomy and associated risk factors were evaluated in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study using baseline data on 5061 participants in São Paulo.
  
  
  METHODS
  The frequency of cholecystectomy and associated risk factors were evaluated over the first two years of follow-up of the study and over the course of life. A multivariate regression analysis was presented: odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 4716 individuals (93.2%) with information about cholecystectomy were included. After two years of follow-up, 56 had undergone surgery (1.2%: 1.7% of the women; 0.6% of the men). A total of 188 participants underwent cholecystectomy during their lifetime. The risk factors associated with surgery after the two-year follow-up period were female sex (OR, 2.85; 95% CI, 1.53-5.32), indigenous ethnicity (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 2.28-15.85) and body mass index (BMI) (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.01-1.19 per 1 kg/m2 increase). The risk factors associated over the lifetime were age (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.05 per one year increase), diabetes (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.34-2.76) and previous bariatric surgery (OR, 5.37; 95% CI, 1.53-18.82). No association was found with parity or fertile age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Female sex and high BMI remained as associated risk factors while parity and fertile age lost significance. New factors such as bariatric surgery and indigenous ethnicity have gained importance in this country.
authors.affiliation: BSc. Postgraduate Student, Department of Medicine, Education and Health, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kamila Rafaela
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: MD, PhD. Clinical Epidemiologist and Researcher, Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alessandra Carvalho
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Goulart
authors.affiliation: MD, PhD. Attending Physician at Hospital Foundation of the State of Minas Gerais, Epidemiologist in the Municipal Health Department of Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil and Director of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto, ELSA-Brasil), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberto Marini
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ladeira
authors.affiliation: MD, PhD. Professor, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ilka Regina Souza de
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: MD, PhD. Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, and Director of Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Isabela Martins
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Benseñor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D005705:Gallbladder Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors