title: Targeted proteomics identifies liquid-biopsy signatures for extracapsular prostate cancer.
abstract: Biomarkers are rapidly gaining importance in personalized medicine. Although numerous molecular signatures have been developed over the past decade, there is a lack of overlap and many biomarkers fail to validate in independent patient cohorts and hence are not useful for clinical application. For these reasons, identification of novel and robust biomarkers remains a formidable challenge. We combine targeted proteomics with computational biology to discover robust proteomic signatures for prostate cancer. Quantitative proteomics conducted in expressed prostatic secretions from men with extraprostatic and organ-confined prostate cancers identified 133 differentially expressed proteins. Using synthetic peptides, we evaluate them by targeted proteomics in a 74-patient cohort of expressed prostatic secretions in urine. We quantify a panel of 34 candidates in an independent 207-patient cohort. We apply machine-learning approaches to develop clinical predictive models for prostate cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Our results demonstrate that computationally guided proteomics can discover highly accurate non-invasive biomarkers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7.
authors.forename: Yunee
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Informatics and Bio-computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 0A3.
authors.forename: Jouhyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7.
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mejia
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7.|Informatics and Bio-computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 0A3.
authors.forename: Cindy Q
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7.
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ignatchenko
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23507, USA.|Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23507-1627, USA.
authors.forename: Julius O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Nyalwidhe
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8.
authors.forename: Anthony O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Gramolini
authors.affiliation: Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23507-1627, USA.|Department of Urology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23462, USA.
authors.forename: Raymond S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Lance
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23507, USA.|Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23507-1627, USA.
authors.forename: Dean A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Troyer
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA.
authors.forename: Richard R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Drake
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7.|Informatics and Bio-computing Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 0A3.|Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8.
authors.forename: Paul C
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0553-7520
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Boutros
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23507, USA.|Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23507-1627, USA.
authors.forename: O John
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Semmes
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7.|Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kislinger
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D000073890:Liquid Biopsy; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine*; D020543:Proteome; D040901:Proteomics
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020543:Proteome