title: Proteomic Analysis of Vitreous Humor in Retinal Vein Occlusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the protein profile of human vitreous of untreated patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-eight vitreous humor (VH) samples (44 from patients with treatment naïve RVO, 24 controls with idiopathic floaters) were analyzed in this clinical-experimental study using capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometer and tandem mass spectrometry. To define potential candidate protein markers of RVO, proteomic analysis was performed on RVO patients (n = 30) and compared with controls (n = 16). To determine validity of potential biomarker candidates in RVO, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was performed by using proteome data of independent RVO (n = 14) and control samples (n = 8).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-four different proteins (736 tryptic peptides) could be identified. Sixteen proteins were found to be significant when comparing RVO and control samples (P = 1.43E-05 to 4.48E-02). Five proteins (Clusterin, Complement C3, Ig lambda-like polypeptide 5 (IGLL5), Opticin and Vitronectin), remained significant after using correction for multiple testing. These five proteins were also detected significant when comparing subgroups of RVO (central RVO, hemi-central RVO, branch RVO) to controls. Using independent samples ROC-Area under the curve was determined proving the validity of the results: Clusterin 0.884, Complement C3 0.955, IGLL5 1.000, Opticin 0.741, Vitronectin 0.786. In addition, validation through ELISA measurements was performed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the study reveal that the proteomic composition of VH differed significantly between the patients with RVO and the controls. The proteins identified may serve as potential biomarkers for pathogenesis induced by RVO.
authors.affiliation: Eye Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reich
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ivanka
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dacheva
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nobl
authors.affiliation: Mosaiques Diagnostics GmbH, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Siwy
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France.|Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Joost P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Schanstra
authors.affiliation: BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mullen
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Frank H J
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kopitz
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Florian T A
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Kretz
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Gerd U
authors.initials: GU
authors.lastname: Auffarth
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.|Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Koss
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D012170:Retinal Vein Occlusion / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers