title: Human Survivors of Disease Outbreaks Caused by Ebola or Marburg Virus Exhibit Cross-Reactive and Long-Lived Antibody Responses.
abstract: A detailed understanding of serological immune responses to Ebola and Marburg virus infections will facilitate the development of effective diagnostic methods, therapeutics, and vaccines. We examined antibodies from Ebola or Marburg survivors 1 to 14 years after recovery from disease, by using a microarray that displayed recombinant nucleoprotein (NP), viral protein 40 (VP40), envelope glycoprotein (GP), and inactivated whole virions from six species of filoviruses. All three outbreak cohorts exhibited significant antibody responses to antigens from the original infecting species and a pattern of additional filoviruses that varied by outbreak. NP was the most cross-reactive antigen, while GP was the most specific. Antibodies from survivors of infections by Marburg marburgvirus (MARV) species were least cross-reactive, while those from survivors of infections by Sudan virus (SUDV) species exhibited the highest cross-reactivity. Based on results revealed by the protein microarray, persistent levels of antibodies to GP, NP, and VP40 were maintained for up to 14 years after infection, and survival of infection caused by one species imparted cross-reactive antibody responses to other filoviruses.
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, USA mohan.natesan.ctr@mail.mil robert.g.ulrich.civ@mail.mil.
authors.forename: Mohan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Natesan
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Stig M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Keasey
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Teddy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamata
authors.affiliation: Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Ana I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Kuehne
authors.affiliation: Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Spencer W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Stonier
authors.affiliation: Department of Arbovirology, Emerging and Re-emerging Infection, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.
authors.forename: Julius Julian
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lutwama
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lobel
authors.affiliation: Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dye
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, USA Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, USA mohan.natesan.ctr@mail.mil robert.g.ulrich.civ@mail.mil.
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Ulrich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D000917:Antibody Formation; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D029043:Ebolavirus / Q000276:immunology*; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D019142:Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008379:Marburg Virus Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D029024:Marburgvirus / Q000276:immunology*; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D017741:Survivors; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins