title: Recent Advances on Nitric Oxide in the Upper Airways.
abstract: Exhaled nitric oxide (NO) originates from the upper airways, and takes action, to varying extents, in regulation, protection and defense, as well as in noxious processes. Nitric oxide retains important functions in a wide range of physiological and pathophysiological processes of the human body, including vaso-regulation, antimicrobial activity, neurotransmission and respiration. This review article reports the ongoing investigations regarding the source, biology and relevance of NO within upper respiratory tract. In addition, we discuss the role of NO, originating from nasal and paranasal sinuses, in inflammatory disorders such as allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, primary ciliary dyskinesia, and cystic fibrosis.
authors.affiliation: Largo delle Mimose, 1, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maniscalco
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bianco
authors.forename: Gennaro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mazzarella
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Motta
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007619:Kartagener Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II