title: Calmodulin Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism for Leishmania Identification and Typing.
abstract: A precise identification of Leishmania species involved in human infections has epidemiological and clinical importance. Herein, we describe a preliminary validation of a restriction fragment length polymorphism assay, based on the calmodulin intergenic spacer region, as a tool for detecting and typing Leishmania species. After calmodulin amplification, the enzyme HaeIII yielded a clear distinction between reference strains of Leishmania mexicana, Leishmania amazonensis, Leishmania infantum, Leishmania lainsoni, and the rest of the Viannia reference species analyzed. The closely related Viannia species: Leishmania braziliensis, Leishmania panamensis, and Leishmania guyanensis, are separated in a subsequent digestion step with different restriction enzymes. We have developed a more accessible molecular protocol for Leishmania identification/typing based on the exploitation of part of the calmodulin gene. This methodology has the potential to become an additional tool for Leishmania species characterization and taxonomy.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City, Panama.
authors.forename: Aracelis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.affiliation: Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City, Panama. Laboratorio Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Franklyn
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Samudio
authors.affiliation: Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City, Panama.
authors.forename: Kadir
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: González
authors.affiliation: Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City, Panama.
authors.forename: Azael
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saldaña
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adeilton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brandão
authors.affiliation: Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City, Panama. jcalzada@gorgas.gob.pa.
authors.forename: Jose E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Calzada
mesh_terms: D002147:Calmodulin / Q000235:genetics*; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007892:Leishmania braziliensis / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018334:Leishmania guyanensis / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018314:Leishmania infantum / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007894:Leishmania mexicana / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007896:Leishmaniasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000469:parasitology; D058889:Molecular Typing / Q000379:methods*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002147:Calmodulin; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D015800:Protozoan Proteins