title: Pericardial patch venoplasty heals via attraction of venous progenitor cells.
abstract: Pericardial patches are commonly used during cardiovascular surgery to close blood vessels. In arteries, patches accumulate arterial progenitor cells; we hypothesized that venous patches would accumulate venous progenitor cells, in the absence of arterial pressure. We developed a novel rat inferior vena cava (IVC) venotomy model and repaired it with a pericardial patch. Cells infiltrated the patch to form a thick neointima by day 7; some cells were CD34(+)/VEGFR2(+) and CD31(+)/Eph-B4(+) consistent with development of venous identity in the healing patch. Compared to arterial patches, the venous patches had increased neointimal thickness at day 7 without any pseudoaneurysms. Addition of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) to increase blood flow on the patch resulted in reduced patch neointimal thickness and proliferation, but neointimal thickness was not reversible with AVF ligation. These results show that rat patch venoplasty is a novel model of aggressive venous neointimal hyperplasia.
authors.affiliation: The Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China Department of Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China.
authors.forename: Hualong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: The Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Mo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Trenton R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.affiliation: The Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Haidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: The Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: The Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.affiliation: The Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Jesse J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Hanisch
authors.affiliation: The Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
authors.forename: Jeans M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Santana
authors.affiliation: Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: The Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut alan.dardik@yale.edu.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dardik
mesh_terms: D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017130:Angioplasty / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010496:Pericardium / Q000601:surgery*; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D036224:Receptor, EphB4 / Q000378:metabolism; D012038:Regeneration; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D065506:Vascular Closure Devices / Q000009:adverse effects; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D018952:Antigens, CD34; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D036224:Receptor, EphB4; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2
keywords: AVF ligation; Aortocaval fistula; Eph‐B4; arterioplasty; arteriovenous fistula; pericardial patches; pseudoaneurysm; venoplasty; venous neointimal hyperplasia