title: Physico-chemical and Biological Evaluation of Flavonols: Fisetin, Quercetin and Kaempferol Alone and Incorporated in beta Cyclodextrins.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fisetin,quercetin and kaempferol are among the important representatives of flavonols, biological active phytocomounds, with low water solubility.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the antimicrobial effect, respectively the antiproliferative and pro apoptotic activity on the B164A5 murine melanoma cell line of pure flavonols and their beta cyclodextrins complexes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Incorporation of fisetin, quercetin and kaempferol in beta cyclodextrins was proved by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differencial scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD). Pure compounds and their complexes were tested for antiproliferative (MTT) and pro-apoptotic activity (Annexin V-PI) on the B164A5 murine melanoma cell line and for the antimicrobial properties (Disk Diffusion Method) on the selected strains.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The phytocompounds presented in a different manner in vitro chemopreventive activity against B164A5 murine melanoma cell line and weak antimicrobial effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The three flavonols: fisetin, quercetin and kaempferol were successfully incorporated in beta-cyclodextrin (BCD) and hydroxylpropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPBCD). Incorporation in beta cyclodextrins had a mix effect on the biological activity conducing to decrease, increase or consistent effect compared to pure phytocompound, depending on the screened process and on the chosen combination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Danciu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Corina
authors.affiliation: Department of Functional Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ":Victor Babes", Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Florina
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bojin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Szeged, Doom ter 8., Szeged H- 6720. Hungary.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ambrus
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology-Virology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Delia
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Muntean
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Codruta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Soica
authors.affiliation: Department of Functional Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ":Victor Babes", Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Virgil
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Paunescu
authors.affiliation: Department of Functional Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ":Victor Babes", Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Mirabela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cristea
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Iulia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pinzaru
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dehelean
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044948:Flavonols; D044949:Kaempferols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011794:Quercetin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005419:Flavonoids; D044948:Flavonols; D044949:Kaempferols; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; C006552:kaempferol; D011794:Quercetin; C017875:fisetin
keywords: Fisetin; antimicrobial; beta- cyclodextrins; chemopreventive; kaempferol; quercetin