title: Biotransformations of Bile Acids with Bacteria from Cayambe Slaughterhouse (Ecuador): Synthesis of Bendigoles.
abstract: The biotransformations of cholic acid (1a), deoxycholic acid (1b), and hyodeoxycholic acid (1c) to bendigoles and other metabolites with bacteria isolated from the rural slaughterhouse of Cayambe (Pichincha Province, Ecuador) were reported. The more active strains were characterized, and belong to the genera Pseudomonas and Rhodococcus. Various biotransformation products were obtained depending on bacteria and substrates. Cholic acid (1a) afforded the 3-oxo and 3-oxo-4-ene derivatives 2a and 3a (45% and 45%, resp.) with P. mendocina ECS10, 3,12-dioxo-4-ene derivative 4a (60%) with Rh. erythropolis ECS25, and 9,10-secosteroid 6 (15%) with Rh. erythropolis ECS12. Bendigole F (5a) was obtained in 20% with P. fragi ECS22. Deoxycholic acid (1b) gave 3-oxo derivative 2b with P. prosekii ECS1 and Rh. erythropolis ECS25 (20% and 61%, resp.), while 3-oxo-4-ene derivative 3b was obtained with P. prosekii ECS1 and P. mendocina ECS10 (22% and 95%, resp.). Moreover, P. fragi ECS9 afforded bendigole A (8b; 80%). Finally, P. mendocina ECS10 biotransformed hyodeoxycholic acid (1c) to 3-oxo derivative 2c (50%) and Rh. erythropolis ECS12 to 6α-hydroxy-3-oxo-23,24-dinor-5β-cholan-22-oic acid (9c, 66%). Bendigole G (5c; 13%) with P. prosekii ECS1 and bendigole H (8c) with P. prosekii ECS1 and Rh. erythropolis ECS12 (20% and 16%, resp.) were obtained.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie, Università di Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, IT-44121 Ferrara.
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Ingeniería en Biotecnología de los RRNN, Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Av. 12 de Octubre y Wilson, Quito, Ecuador.
authors.forename: Maria Elena
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Maldonado Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-27, IT-44121 Ferrara.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rugiero
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie, Università di Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, IT-44121 Ferrara.
authors.forename: Morena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Bastiani
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-27, IT-44121 Ferrara.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Medici
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie, Università di Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, IT-44121 Ferrara.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tamburini
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie, Università di Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, IT-44121 Ferrara.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pedrini
mesh_terms: D000003:Abattoirs; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000378:metabolism*; D004484:Ecuador; D006914:Hydroxysteroids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D011549:Pseudomonas / Q000378:metabolism*; D012240:Rhodococcus / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D006914:Hydroxysteroids
keywords: Bendigoles; Bile acids; Biotranformations; Pseudomonas; Rhodococcus