title: Utility of a mHealth App for Self-Management and Education of Cardiac Diseases in Spanish Urban and Rural Areas.
abstract: Analyze the utility of a mobile health app named HeartKeeper in several groups of population and obtain conclusions to be applied to other similar apps. A questionnaire has been designed to evaluate the usage and utility of the HeartKeeper app. The questionnaire information was collected by collaborating cardiologists from 32 patients before and after they used the app. Patients were randomly selected with established quotas within interest groups, so that men and women, patients older or younger than 60 years old and patients living in urban or rural areas were equally represented. Using the appropriate statistical techniques we see that the HeartKeeper app was useful for patients as they qualify with 70 points (out of 100) the overall opinion of the app, it helps them remember more easily taking their pills with a mean improvement of 20.94 points (p < 0.001) and they perceive a global improvement of their health (8.28 points, p < 0.001). We also observe that these improvements do not depend, in general, on the area (urban or rural) where the patient comes from or on their sex. Although older patients needed more help to use the app and used it slightly less frequently, the improvements on several measures considered, such as remembering taking pills, breathing problems or trouble developing activities, depend significantly (p < 0.05) on age with older patients reporting higher improvements than younger ones. The results obtained with the sample of patients considered in this research prove the utility of the HeartKeeper app. This utility is similar in urban and rural areas and for patients of both sexes and, to some extent, depends on the age of the patient with older patients reporting slightly lower frequency of use but higher health improvements than younger ones.
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén, 7, 47011, Valladolid, Spain.
authors.forename: Valentín González
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: de Garibay
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén, 7, 47011, Valladolid, Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.affiliation: Department of Signal Theory and Communications, and Telematics Engineering, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén, 15, 47011, Valladolid, Spain. isator@tel.uva.es.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: de la Torre-Díez
authors.affiliation: Department of Signal Theory and Communications, and Telematics Engineering, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén, 15, 47011, Valladolid, Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: López-Coronado
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063731:Mobile Applications; D017010:Reminder Systems; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012424:Rural Population; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013030:Spain; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000379:methods*; D014505:Urban Population
keywords: Cardiac diseases; Rural; Urban; Utility; m-Health