title: Transcriptome Profiling Reveals the Antitumor Mechanism of Polysaccharide from Marine Algae Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis.
abstract: Seaweed is one of the important biomass producers and possesses active metabolites with potential therapeutic effects against tumors. The red alga Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis (Gp. lemaneiformis) possesses antitumor activity, and the polysaccharide of Gp. lemaneiformis (PGL) has been demonstrated to be an ingredient with marked anticancer activity. However, the anticancer mechanism of PGL remains to be elucidated. In this study, we analyzed the inhibitory effect of PGL on the cell growth of 3 human cancer cell lines and found that PGL inhibited cell proliferation, reduced cell viability, and altered cell morphology in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Our transcriptome analysis indicates that PGL can regulate the expression of 758 genes, which are involved in apoptosis, the cell cycle, nuclear division, and cell death. Furthermore, we demonstrated that PGL induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest and modulated the expression of related genes in the A549 cell line. Our work provides a framework to understand the effects of PGL on cancer cells, and can serve as a resource for delineating the antitumor mechanisms of Gp. lemaneiformis.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China.|School of Biomedical Engineering, Bio-ID Center, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yani
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6753-386X
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Engineering, Bio-ID Center, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Engineering, Bio-ID Center, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaoting
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Engineering, Bio-ID Center, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Nianjun
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000072283:A549 Cells; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D017209:Apoptosis; D018533:Biomass; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D000461:Rhodophyta / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D012624:Seaweed; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides