title: Randomized Phase III Study of Lenalidomide Versus Placebo in RBC Transfusion-Dependent Patients With Lower-Risk Non-del(5q) Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Ineligible for or Refractory to Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents.
abstract: This international phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study assessed the efficacy and safety of lenalidomide in RBC transfusion-dependent patients with International Prognostic Scoring System lower-risk non-del(5q) myelodysplastic syndromes ineligible for or refractory to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents.
  
  
  
  In total, 239 patients were randomly assigned (2:1) to treatment with lenalidomide (n = 160) or placebo (n = 79) once per day (on 28-day cycles). The primary end point was the rate of RBC transfusion independence (TI) ≥ 8 weeks. Secondary end points were RBC-TI ≥ 24 weeks, duration of RBC-TI, erythroid response, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and safety.
  
  
  
  RBC-TI ≥ 8 weeks was achieved in 26.9% and 2.5% of patients in the lenalidomide and placebo groups, respectively (P < .001). Ninety percent of patients achieving RBC-TI responded within 16 weeks of treatment. Median duration of RBC-TI with lenalidomide was 30.9 weeks (95% CI, 20.7 to 59.1). Transfusion reduction of ≥ 4 units packed RBCs, on the basis of a 112-day assessment, was 21.8% in the lenalidomide group and 0% in the placebo group. Higher response rates were observed in patients with lower baseline endogenous erythropoietin ≤ 500 mU/mL (34.0% v 15.5% for > 500 mU/mL). At week 12, mean changes in HRQoL scores from baseline did not differ significantly between treatment groups, which suggests that lenalidomide did not adversely affect HRQoL. Achievement of RBC-TI ≥ 8 weeks was associated with significant improvements in HRQoL (P < .01). The most common treatment-emergent adverse events were neutropenia and thrombocytopenia.
  
  
  
  Lenalidomide yields sustained RBC-TI in 26.9% of RBC transfusion-dependent patients with lower-risk non-del(5q) myelodysplastic syndromes ineligible for or refractory to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents. Response to lenalidomide was associated with improved HRQoL. Treatment-emergent adverse event data were consistent with the known safety profile of lenalidomide.
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ. valeria.santini@unifi.it.
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Santini
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Aristoteles
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giagounidis
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gröpper
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jonasova
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vey
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Ghulam J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Mufti
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Rena
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Buckstein
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Moshe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mittelman
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Platzbecker
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Ofer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Shpilberg
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ram
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Consuelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Del Cañizo
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gattermann
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Keiya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ozawa
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Risueño
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Kyle J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: MacBeth
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Séguy
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoenekopp
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Beach
authors.affiliation: Valeria Santini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Antonio Almeida, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal; Aristoteles Giagounidis and Stefanie Gröpper, Marien Hospital Düsseldorf; Norbert Gattermann, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf; Uwe Platzbecker, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Anna Jonasova, Charles University General Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Norbert Vey, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Marseille; Pierre Fenaux, Université Paris, Paris, France; Francis Séguy and Albert Hoenekopp, Celgene International, Boudry, Switzerland; Ghulam J. Mufti, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom; Rena Buckstein, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Moshe Mittelman and Ron Ram, Tel Aviv University; Ofer Shpilberg, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; Consuelo del Cañizo, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca; Alberto Risueño, Celgene Institute for Translational Research Europe, Seville, Spain; Keiya Ozawa, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyle J. MacBeth, Celgene Corporation, San Francisco, CA; and Jianhua Zhong and C.L. Beach, Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fenaux
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004351:Drug Resistance; D017707:Erythrocyte Transfusion; D004920:Erythropoiesis / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D000077269:Lenalidomide; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D011788:Quality of Life; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D013792:Thalidomide; D000077269:Lenalidomide