title: Matrix metalloproteinase 9 and prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 1059 participants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Numerous studies have evaluated the association between the matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and prostate cancer (PCa) risk. However, these studies have yielded conflicting results.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comprehensive search was conducted through researching MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE, and a total of 10 studies including 1059 cases were included on the basis of inclusion criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A meta-analysis was performed to obtain a summary of estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of MMP-9 for PCa, with attention to study quality and publication bias. MMP-9 by immunohistochemistry was signiﬁcantly associated with increased diagnosis of PCa (OR=7.91; 95% CI: 5.27-11.89; P<0.00001). Subgroup-analysis showed that ﬁndings did not substantially change when only Caucasians or Asians (OR=5.87; 95% CI: 3.38-10.20; P<0.00001) or (OR=11.80; 95% CI: 6.60-21.08; P<0.00001) were considered. There was also no significant publication bias observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings provide further evidence that the expression of MMP-9 contribute to PCa risk. MMP-9 protein overexpression was found in prostate cancers, low expression in any of the normal tissues or in benign prostatic tissue. MMP-9 is potentially an important prostate tumor marker.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Fuling
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Zhun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Abdulalam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abdularab
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Yuanjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin, China - jnbear@126.com.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9