title: Transcriptome analysis of immature xylem in the Chinese fir at different developmental phases.
abstract: Background.Chinese fir [Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.] is one of the most important native tree species for timber production in southern China. An understanding of overall fast growing stage, stem growth stage and senescence stage cambium transcriptome variation is lacking. We used transcriptome sequencing to identify the repertoire of genes expressed during development of xylem tissue in Chinese fir, aiming to delineate the molecular mechanisms of wood formation. Results. We carried out transcriptome sequencing at three different cultivation ages (7Y, 15Y and 21Y) generating 68.71 million reads (13.88 Gbp). A total of 140,486 unigenes with a mean size of 568.64 base pairs (bp) were obtained via de novo assembly. Of these, 27,427 unigenes (19.52%) were further annotated by comparison to public protein databases. A total of 5,331 (3.79%) unigenes were mapped into 118 pathways by searching against the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Pathway database (KEGG). Differentially expressed genes (DEG) analysis identified 3, 16 and 5,899 DEGs from the comparison of 7Y vs. 15Y, 7Y vs. 21Y and 15Y vs. 21Y, respectively, in the immature xylem tissues, including 2,638 significantly up-regulated and 3,280 significantly down-regulated genes. Besides, five NAC transcription factors, 190 MYB transcription factors, and 34 WRKY transcription factors were identified respectively from Chinese fir transcriptome. Conclusion. Our results revealed the active transcriptional pathways and identified the DEGs at different cultivation phases of Chinese fir wood formation. This transcriptome dataset will aid in understanding and carrying out future studies on the molecular basis of Chinese fir wood formation and contribute to future artificial production and applications.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.|Institute of Architectural and Artistic Design, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan, China.
authors.forename: Yunxing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Xiaojiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Xuelian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Mingying
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Guirong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Renying
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhuo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Guiping
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.|Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
keywords: Chinese fir; RNA-Seq; Transcriptome; Wood formation; Xylem