title: Posthemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph enhances monolayer permeability via F-actin and VE-cadherin.
abstract: Vascular hyperpermeability plays a critical role in the development of refractory hypotension after severe hemorrhagic shock. Posthemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph (PHSML) return has been shown to be involved in regulation of vascular hyperpermeability. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of PHSML on permeability of endothelial cells in vitro.
  
  
  
  A hemorrhagic shock model (40 ± 2 mm Hg for 90 min, followed by fluid resuscitation) was used for collection of PHSML. Two separated PHSMLs were collected from period 0-3 h (early) and period 3-6 h (late) after resuscitation and diluted into concentration of 4% or 10%. The human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were then treated with these PHSMLs for 6 h. The monolayer cellular permeability to FITC-albumin was observed by using the costar transwell system. The multiple approaches including scanning electron microscope, fluorescent cytochemistry staining, and Western blotting were also used to assess the changes in cellular morphologic and the expressions of F-actin and VE-cadherin.
  
  
  
  The treatments with either early or late PHSML resulted in morphologic injuries, increased cellular permeability, and decreased expression of F-actin in HUVECs. In contrast, only early PHSML, but not late PHSML, reduced the VE-cadherin expression.
  
  
  
  These results indicate that the PHSML in vitro increases the cellular permeability of HUVECs through suppression of F-actin and VE-cadherin.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Gai-Xia
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Ya-Xiong
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Li-Min
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Zi-Gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China. Electronic address: ncylxf@126.com.
authors.forename: Chun-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Niu
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002199:Capillary Permeability; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008196:Lymph / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D064347:Microscopy, Electrochemical, Scanning; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000099152:Cadherin 5
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015415:Biomarkers; D015820:Cadherins; D000099152:Cadherin 5
keywords: F-actin; Hemorrhagic shock; Human umbilical vein endothelial cells; Lymph; Permeability; VE-cadherin