title: Epigenetics in Cardiovascular Regulation.
abstract: Epidemiological studies have shown an association between pathologic events occurring during early life and the development of cardiovascular and metabolic disease in adulthood. These observations have led to the so-called fetal programming of adult disease hypothesis. In line with this hypothesis, short-term exposure to hypoxia after birth predisposes to exaggerated hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction later in life in rats, and transient perinatal hypoxia predisposes to exaggerated pulmonary hypertension during short-term exposure to high altitude in humans. Along the same lines, in recent studies in Bolivian high-altitude dwellers, we found that preeclampsia predisposes the offspring to pulmonary and systemic endothelial dysfunction possibly related to impaired NO bioavailability and augmented oxidative stress. Very recent data from our lab suggest that assisted reproductive technologies may represent another important example consistent with this hypothesis. The mechanisms underpinning the developmental origin of this vascular dysfunction are poorly understood. Increasing evidence suggests that epigenetic alterations, such as DNA methylation or histone acetylation may play a role.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. claudio.sartori@chuv.ch.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sartori
authors.affiliation: Department of Codiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Stefano F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Rimoldi
authors.affiliation: Department of Codiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Emrush
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rexhaj
authors.affiliation: Department of Codiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Allemann
authors.affiliation: Department of Codiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Urs
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Scherrer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004777:Environment; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D047109:Fetal Development; D006801:Humans
keywords: Endothelial function; Epigenetic; Hypoxia; Preeclampsia; Pulmonary hypertension