title: Bone structure and function in male C57BL/6 mice: Effects of a high-fat Western-style diet with or without trace minerals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Osteoporosis occurs in both women and men, but most of what we know about the condition comes from studies in females. The present study examined bone structure and function over an 18-month period in male C57BL/6 mice maintained on either a rodent chow diet (AIN76A) or a high-fat, Western-style diet (HFWD). Effects of mineral supplementation were assessed in both diets.
  
  
  METHODS
  Trabecular and cortical bone structure in femora and vertebrae were assessed by micro-CT analysis. Following this, bone stiffness and strength measurements were made. Finally, bone levels of several cationic trace elements were quantified, and serum biomarkers of bone metabolism evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bone loss occurred over time in both diets but was more rapid and extensive in mice on the HFWD. Dietary mineral supplementation reduced bone loss in both diets and increased bone stiffness in the femora and bone stiffness and strength in the vertebrae. Bone content of strontium was increased in response to mineral supplementation in both diets.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bone loss was more severe in mice on the HFWD and mineral supplementation mitigated the effects of the HFWD. In comparison to previous findings with female C57BL/6 mice, the present studies indicate that males are more sensitive to diet and benefited from a healthy diet (AIN76A), while females lost as much bone on the healthy diet as on the HFWD. Male mice benefited from mineral supplementation, just as females did in the previous study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109.
authors.forename: Muhammad Nadeem
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Aslam
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109.
authors.forename: Karl J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Jepsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109.
authors.forename: Basma
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Khoury
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109.
authors.forename: Kristin H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Graf
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Varani
keywords: Bone; calcium; cationic minerals; male mice; osteoporosis; strontium