title: Protein Metabolism and Signal Pathway Regulation in Rumen and Mammary Gland.
abstract: Protein is an important yet the most expensive dietary component for farm ruminant animals. Understanding the mechanism behind protein utilization in animals for maintenance and milk production is critical for raising animals efficiently. Once the protein has been ingested, it undergoes various transformations in the gut before it is absorbed into blood and its precursors are harnessed by the mammary gland for milk protein synthesis in lactating animals. Several signaling pathways are involved both in absorption and in milk protein biosynthesis. Protein metabolism and signal pathway regulation in various tissues of ruminant are thus reviewed with emphasis on two particular tissues, the rumen and the mammary gland.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193. China.
authors.forename: Ya Jing
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193. China.
authors.forename: Jian Xin
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193. China.
authors.forename: Shengli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193. China.
authors.forename: Jing Jing
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193. China.
authors.forename: Gibson Maswayi
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Alugongo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193. China.
authors.forename: Zhi Jun
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193. China.
authors.forename: Hong Jian
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193. China.
authors.forename: Shu Xiang
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W0. Canada.
authors.forename: Kendall C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Swanson
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007774:Lactation; D042361:Mammary Glands, Human / Q000502:physiology*; D008892:Milk / Q000378:metabolism; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D059748:Proteolysis; D012417:Rumen / Q000502:physiology*; D012418:Ruminants / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D008894:Milk Proteins; D011506:Proteins
keywords: Protein metabolism; amino acids; mammary gland; regulation; rumen; ruminant