title: Endometriosis Leads to an Increased Trefoil Factor 3 Concentration in the Peritoneal Cavity but Does Not Alter Systemic Levels.
abstract: This study analyzed whether trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) is locally elevated and correlated with common biomarkers and inflammatory processes in endometriosis. Peritoneal fluid (PF) was obtained from 50 women and serum from 124 women with or without endometriosis. Experimental endometriosis was induced in female C57BL/6 mice by syngeneic transplantation of uterine tissue to the abdominal wall. Levels of TFF3 in PF of women with endometriosis were significantly increased ( P < .05) and correlated with local levels of known biomarkers for endometriosis: cancer antigen (CA) 125, CA-19-9, interleukin 8, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, and matrix metalloproteinase 7. Serum levels of TFF3 in women were significantly influenced by the menstrual cycle but were independent from disease state. In mice, local TFF3 levels were significantly elevated in early endometriosis (up to 4 weeks after transplantation, P < .001) and corresponded to increases in spleen weight as marker for systemic inflammation. This study provides the first evidence that TFF3 is locally elevated in the peritoneal cavity in endometriosis and might play a role in disease pathogenesis and its associated inflammatory processes. Furthermore, the results show that TFF3 is regulated through the menstrual cycle. With respect to animal models, syngeneic mouse model does reflect local TFF3 upregulation in the peritoneal cavity affected by endometriosis.
authors.affiliation: 1 Global Drug Discovery, Bayer Pharma AG, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Henze
authors.affiliation: 1 Global Drug Discovery, Bayer Pharma AG, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Wolf-Dietrich
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Doecke
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany.|3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Diakonissenkrankenhaus Karlsruhe-Rüppurr, Karlsruhe, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hornung
authors.affiliation: 1 Global Drug Discovery, Bayer Pharma AG, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Inoncent
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Agueusop
authors.affiliation: 1 Global Drug Discovery, Bayer Pharma AG, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: von Ahsen
authors.affiliation: 1 Global Drug Discovery, Bayer Pharma AG, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Kathrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Machens
authors.affiliation: 1 Global Drug Discovery, Bayer Pharma AG, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Arndt A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Schmitz
authors.affiliation: 1 Global Drug Discovery, Bayer Pharma AG, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Isabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gashaw
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 / Q000378:metabolism; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D010529:Peritoneal Cavity; D000071165:Trefoil Factor-3 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D016209:Interleukin-8; D000071165:Trefoil Factor-3; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7
keywords: TFF3; endometriosis; inflammation; peritoneal fluid; serum