title: Association of hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype with liver enzymes and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents: the CASPIAN-III study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to investigate the role of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the hypertriglyceridemic-waist (HW) phenotype in determining cardiometabolic risk factors and elevated liver enzymes in a national sample of Iranian pediatric population.
  
  
  METHODS
  This nationwide study was conducted in the framework of the third survey of a surveillance program. Students, aged 10-18 years, were recruited from 27 provinces in Iran. The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors was compared in students with and without HW and MetS. The association of HW with different cardiometabolic risk factors was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of studied population was 14.73±2.41 years. Prevalence of HW and MetS was 3.3% and 4%, respectively. Sixty-nine (71.1%) participants with HW had MetS. The prevalence of obesity, elevated systolic blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia, and elevated alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) was significantly higher in subjects with HW phenotype and MetS than in their peers (p<0.05). A significant association was observed between HW and elevated levels of cholesterol and ALT, as well as between obesity and low HDL-C (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current findings serve as complementary evidence to previous studies, which have been mainly conducted among adults, suggesting that the HW phenotype is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors, especially with elevated cholesterol and ALT. The authors propose that, in primary care settings and in large epidemiological studies, the measurement of all MetS components can be replaced by studying HW as a screening tool for identifying children at high risk for cardiometabolic disorders.
authors.affiliation: Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Roya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kelishadi
authors.affiliation: Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Fahimeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jamshidi
authors.affiliation: Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Department of Community Medicine, Karaj, Iran; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Chronic Diseases Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qorbani
authors.affiliation: Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Esmaeil
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Motlagh
authors.affiliation: Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Chronic Diseases Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heshmat
authors.affiliation: Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Gelayol
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ardalan
authors.affiliation: Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan, Iran. Electronic address: silvahovsepsecret@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Silva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hovsepian
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D064250:Hypertriglyceridemic Waist / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000150:complications; D010641:Phenotype; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D000637:Transaminases / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D000637:Transaminases
keywords: Children and adolescent; Cintura hipertrigliceridêmica; Crianças e adolescentes; Hypertriglyceridemic waist; Lipid profile; Liver function test; Metabolic syndrome; Perfil lipídico; Síndrome metabólica; Teste da função hepática