title: Pediatric bacteremia caused by Chromobacterium haemolyticum/Chromobacterium aquaticum.
abstract: We present a case of pediatric bacteremia caused by Chromobacterium haemolyticum, a β-hemolytic, non-pigmented, Gram-negative bacilli recovered from a blood culture and initially identified as Chromobacterium violaceum using phenotypic and proteomic methods. 16S rRNA sequencing of the patient isolated demonstrated a high degree of sequence homology with the type strain of C. haemolyticum. The patient recovered following treatment with meropenem, gentamicin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. This case highlights the potential misidentification of C. haemolyticum as non-pigmented C. violaceum due to limitations of the currently available identification methodologies.
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Infectious Disease Testing Laboratory, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harmon
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Infectious Disease Testing Laboratory, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH. Electronic address: joel.mortensen@cchmc.org.
authors.forename: Joel E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Mortensen
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Robinette
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Infectious Disease Testing Laboratory, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.
authors.forename: Eleanor A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Powell
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001769:Blood / Q000382:microbiology; D002648:Child; D002861:Chromobacterium / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000032:analysis; D040901:Proteomics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: Bacteremia; Chromobacterium aquaticum; Chromobacterium haemolyticum; Sequencing