title: Critical Role of the Sphingolipid Pathway in Stroke: a Review of Current Utility and Potential Therapeutic Targets.
abstract: Sphingolipids are a series of cell membrane-derived lipids which act as signaling molecules and play a critical role in cell death and survival, proliferation, recognition, and migration. Sphingosine-1-phosphate acts as a key signaling molecule and regulates lymphocyte trafficking, glial cell activation, vasoconstriction, endothelial barrier function, and neuronal death pathways which plays a critical role in numerous neurological conditions. Stroke is a second leading cause of death all over the world and effective therapies are still in great demand, including ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke as well as poststroke repair. Significantly, sphingolipid activities change after stroke and correlate with stroke outcome, which has promoted efforts to testify whether the sphingolipid pathway could be a novel therapeutic target in stroke. The sphingolipid metabolic pathway, the connection between the pathway and stroke, as well as therapeutic interventions to manipulate the pathway to reduce stroke-induced brain injury are discussed in this review.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, 5018 BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA.|Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, 5018 BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA.
authors.forename: Richard F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Keep
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, 5018 BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA.
authors.forename: Ya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, 5018 BSRB, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA. guohuaxi@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Guohua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013107:Sphingolipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D013107:Sphingolipids
keywords: Immune modulation; Sphingolipids; Sphingosine-1-phosphate; Stroke