title: Congenital lobar emphysema: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
abstract: Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE), a rare condition that usually presents in the neonatal period, can be a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the treating clinician. If unrecognised, it is a significant risk at the time of anaesthetic induction. We describe a case of CLE in a 3-month-old boy who was initially treated for suspected aspiration pneumonia at the referring hospital. We highlight the importance of careful consideration of common childhood respiratory illness as well as pneumothorax in the differential diagnosis, and the significance of appropriate preoperative anaesthetic management. We also emphasise the importance of acknowledging a mother's concerns when taking a paediatric history.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia John Hunter Children's Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: James Jackson
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Mulvany
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weatherall
authors.affiliation: Department of Histopathology, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Charlton
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Hiran
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Selvadurai
mesh_terms: D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007649:Ketamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011015:Pneumonia, Aspiration; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D035583:Rare Diseases; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D013908:Thoracotomy / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D007649:Ketamine