title: Acinetobacter infections prevalence and frequency of the antibiotics resistance: comparative study of intensive care units versus other hospital units.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aims to determine the Acinetobacter sp clinical isolates frequency and its antibiotic susceptibility pattern by comparing results obtained from the Intensive Care Units (ICUs) to that of other units at the Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital in Rabat.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective study over a 2-years period where we collected all clinical isolates of Acinetobacter sp obtained from samples for infection diagnosis performed on hospitalized patients between 2012 to 2014.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period, 441 clinical and non-repetitive isolates of Acinetobacter sp were collected representing 6.94% of all bacterial clinical isolates (n = 6352) and 9.6% of Gram negative rods (n = 4569). More than a half of the isolates were from the ICUs and were obtained from 293 infected patients of which 65, 2% (191 cases) were males (sex ratio = 1.9) and the median age was 56 years (interquartile range: 42-68 years). Acinetobacter clinical isolates were obtained from respiratory samples (44.67%) followed by blood cultures (14.51%). The resistance to ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, piperacillin / tazobactam, imipenem, amikacin, tobramycin, netilmicin, rifampicin and colistin was respectively 87%, 86%, 79%, 76%; 52%, 43%, 33% 32% and 1.7%. The difference in resistance between the ICUs and the other units was statistically significant (p <0.05) except for colistin, tetracycline and rifampicin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This paper shows that solving the problem of prevalence and high rate of multidrug resistant Acinetobacter infection which represents a therapeutic impasse, requires the control of the hospital environment and optimizing hands hygiene and antibiotics use in the hospital.
authors.affiliation: Service de Bactériologie, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc; Equipe de recherche: Épidémiologie et Résistance Bactérienne (ERB), Université Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Uwingabiye
authors.affiliation: Service de Bactériologie, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc; Equipe de recherche: Épidémiologie et Résistance Bactérienne (ERB), Université Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frikh
authors.affiliation: Service de Bactériologie, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc; Equipe de recherche: Épidémiologie et Résistance Bactérienne (ERB), Université Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc.
authors.forename: Abdelhay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lemnouer
authors.affiliation: Service de Bactériologie, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc; Equipe de recherche: Épidémiologie et Résistance Bactérienne (ERB), Université Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc.
authors.forename: Fatna
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bssaibis
authors.affiliation: Service de Bactériologie, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc; Equipe de recherche: Épidémiologie et Résistance Bactérienne (ERB), Université Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc.
authors.forename: Bouchra
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Belefquih
authors.affiliation: Service de Bactériologie, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc.
authors.forename: Adil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maleb
authors.affiliation: Service de Bactériologie, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc; Equipe de recherche: Épidémiologie et Résistance Bactérienne (ERB), Université Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc.
authors.forename: Souhail
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dahraoui
authors.affiliation: Service des Urgences, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc.
authors.forename: Lahcen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Belyamani
authors.affiliation: Services des Réanimations, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc.
authors.forename: Abdelouahed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bait
authors.affiliation: Services des Réanimations, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc.
authors.forename: Charki
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haimeur
authors.affiliation: Equipe de recherche: Épidémiologie et Résistance Bactérienne (ERB), Université Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc.
authors.forename: Lhoussain
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Louzi
authors.affiliation: Equipe de recherche: Épidémiologie et Résistance Bactérienne (ERB), Université Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc; Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Université Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc.
authors.forename: Azeddine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ibrahimi
authors.affiliation: Service de Bactériologie, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc; Equipe de recherche: Épidémiologie et Résistance Bactérienne (ERB), Université Mohammed V, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rabat, Maroc.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elouennass
mesh_terms: D000151:Acinetobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D006757:Hospital Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006772:Hospitals, Military; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009018:Morocco / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Acinetobacter; antibiotic resistance intensive care units; prevalence