title: Water-Soluble Components of Sesame Oil Reduce Inflammation and Atherosclerosis.
abstract: Atherosclerosis, a major form of cardiovascular disease, is now recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease. Nonpharmacological means of treating chronic diseases have gained attention recently. We previously reported that sesame oil aqueous extract (SOAE) has anti-inflammatory properties, both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we have investigated the antiatherosclerotic properties of SOAE, and the mechanisms, through genes and inflammatory markers, by which SOAE might modulate atherosclerosis. Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) knockout female mice were fed with either a high-fat (HF) diet or an HF diet supplemented with SOAE. Plasma lipids and atherosclerotic lesions were quantified after 3 months of feeding. Plasma samples were used for global cytokine array. RNA was extracted from both liver tissue and the aorta, and used for gene analysis. The high-fat diet supplemented with SOAE significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesions, plasma cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol levels in LDL-R(-/-) mice. Plasma inflammatory cytokines were reduced in the SOAE diet-fed animals, but not significantly, demonstrating potential anti-inflammatory properties of SOAE. Gene analysis showed the HF diet supplemented with SOAE reduced gene expression involved in inflammation and induced genes involved in cholesterol metabolism and reverse cholesterol transport, an anti-inflammatory process. Our studies suggest that a SOAE-enriched diet could be an effective nonpharmacological treatment for atherosclerosis by controlling inflammation and regulating lipid metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Chandrakala Aluganti
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Narasimhulu
authors.affiliation: Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Krithika
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Selvarajan
authors.affiliation: Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Kathryn Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Burge
authors.affiliation: Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Dmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Litvinov
authors.affiliation: Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Bhaswati
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sengupta
authors.affiliation: Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Sampath
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parthasarathy
mesh_terms: D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001011:Aorta / Q000378:metabolism; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D012715:Sesame Oil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D016207:Cytokines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D014867:Water; D012715:Sesame Oil; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: cholesterol transport; inflammation; lipid metabolism; sesame oil