title: Predicting sun-protective intentions and behaviours using the theory of planned behaviour: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To synthesise theory of planned behaviour (TPB) relationships, using meta-analysis, and test the predictive utility of the model for sun protection behaviour.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight samples were identified via database/manual searches and academic society posts based on the criteria: measuring sun-protective intentions and/or prospective behaviour; using the TPB/theory of reasoned action as a basis of measurement; and providing bivariate correlations for at least one relevant TPB association.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sun-protective intentions and behaviours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sample-weighted average effects were moderate-to-strong with attitudes showing the strongest association with intention (r+ = 0.494), followed by perceived behavioural control (PBC; r+ = 0.451), and subjective norm (r+ = 0.419). Intentions showed a stronger association with prospective behaviour (r+ = 0.486) compared to PBC (r+ = 0.314). A total of 39% of variance in intentions and 25% of variance in behaviour were explained. Publication bias was not evident. Moderator analyses showed that TPB associations were stronger when measures specified the Target, Action, Context and Time; in non-student samples; and when follow-up exceeded two weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite recent criticism, this review shows that the TPB explains a large amount of variance in sun protection and that TPB associations are robust across different populations.
authors.affiliation: a School of Psychology and Counselling , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane , Australia.
authors.forename: Louise C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Starfelt Sutton
authors.affiliation: a School of Psychology and Counselling , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane , Australia.
authors.forename: Katherine M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011481:Protective Clothing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011582:Psychological Theory; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D013472:Sunlight / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D013473:Sunscreening Agents
keywords: meta-analysis; skin cancer; sun protection; sunscreen; theory of planned behaviour; theory of reasoned action