title: Achilles Tendon in Diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic problems and is characterized by persistent hyperglycaemia. Exposure to chronic hyperglycaemia can affect many tissues including the Achilles Tendon, which is one of the largest tendons in the body. The current literature on the effects of hyperglycaemia on tendons is sparse, though evidence on rat models does suggest a process of chronic degeneration, which is increased in the presence of neuropathy and deformity. There is no epidemiological data on rupture of Achilles tendon in diabetes. Similarly, the knowledge of the best treatments for this condition in people with diabetes is also lacking.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this review we have systematically analysed current literature in this area and suggested future studies.
authors.affiliation: Manchester Medical School, University of Manchester. United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Lucy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Partridge
authors.affiliation: Lancashire Teaching Hospital, Lancashire. United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Satyan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajbhandari
mesh_terms: D000125:Achilles Tendon / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D000818:Animals; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous; D052256:Tendinopathy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery
keywords: AGE; Achilles tendon; Achilles tendon rupture; diabetic cheiroarthropathy; diabetic tendinopathy; sport