title: Impact of transcytolemmal water exchange on estimates of tissue microstructural properties derived from diffusion MRI.
abstract: To investigate the influence of transcytolemmal water exchange on estimates of tissue microstructural parameters derived from diffusion MRI using conventional PGSE and IMPULSED methods.
  
  
  
  Computer simulations were performed to incorporate a broad range of intracellular water life times τin(50-∞ ms), cell diameters d (5-15 μm), and intrinsic diffusion coefficient Din(0.6-2 μm2/ms) for different values of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) (10 to 50). For experiments, murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cancer cells were cultured and treated with saponin to selectively change cell membrane permeability. All fitted microstructural parameters from simulations and experiments in vitro were compared with ground-truth values.
  
  
  
  Simulations showed that, for both PGSE and IMPULSED methods, cell diameter d can be reliably fit with sufficient SNR (≥ 50), whereas intracellular volume fraction finis intrinsically underestimated due to transcytolemmal water exchange. Dincan be reliably fit only with sufficient SNR and using the IMPULSED method with short diffusion times. These results were confirmed with those obtained in the cell culture experiments in vitro.
  
  
  
  For the sequences and models considered in this study, transcytolemmal water exchange has minor effects on the fittings of d and Dinwith physiologically relevant membrane permeabilities if the SNR is sufficient (> 50), but finis intrinsically underestimated. Magn Reson Med 77:2239-2249, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.|Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.|Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.|Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Jingping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.|Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.|Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.|Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.|Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Gore
authors.affiliation: Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.|Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.|Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.|Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Junzhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016477:Artifacts; D001834:Body Water / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
keywords: MRI; OGSE; cell size; diffusion; diffusion time; intracellular; transcytolemmal water exchange