title: Leiomyosarcoma of the Broad Ligament With Fever Presentation: A Case Report and Review of Literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Leiomyosarcoma is a rare gynecologic malignancy that accounts for less than 1% of gynecological malignancies. Leiomyosarcoma of the broad ligament is an even rarer condition. According to Gardner's criteria, the diagnosis is made when the mass is completely separated from the uterus and adnexa. So far, 23 cases of primary leiomyosarcoma of the broad ligament have been reported in the literature published in English.
  
  
  METHODS
  In September 2014, a 55-year-old, gravida 3, para 3 woman with a BMI of 30 and a chief complaint of fever and dizziness was admitted to the infectious-diseases ward of the Pars general hospital affiliated with Iran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran. Her symptoms had begun two weeks before. The results of a fever workup and examination for infectious, metabolic, and immunologic problems were all negative. Imaging modalities revealed an endometrial polyp, two calcified myoma in the body of the uterus, and a solid, heterogeneous 70-mm mass in the right para-cervical space, posterior to the broad ligament, and far from the ovary. After surgery, a histologic report revealed leiomyosarcoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although a leiomyosarcoma of the broad ligament is rare, practitioners should consider it when dealing with masses in the region of the broad ligament. If there is any suspicion of malignancy, especially in the presence of fever, it is recommended to avoid morcellation during laparoscopy.
authors.affiliation: Minimally Invasive Techniques Research Center in women, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IR Iran; Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Shahla
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chaichian
authors.affiliation: Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran; Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Abolfazl
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mehdizadehkashi
authors.affiliation: Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Kobra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tahermanesh
authors.affiliation: Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Bahram
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Moazzami
authors.affiliation: Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jesmi
authors.affiliation: Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Moezedinjavad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rafiee
authors.affiliation: Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Katayoun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Goharimoghaddam
keywords: Broad Ligament; Fever; Laparoscopy; Laparotomy; Leiomyosarcoma