title: The increasing incidence of infective endocarditis in Denmark, 1994-2011.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little updated population-based evidence exists of temporal trends in infective endocarditis (IE).
  
  
  METHODS
  For the 1994-2011 period, we used Danish nationwide registries to identify cases with first-time IE and to estimate the population size. We calculated the incidence rate of IE in 3-year intervals. To evaluate time trends in incidence, we used the 1994-1996 period as reference and computed incidence ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) as the incidence in each of the subsequent 3-year intervals divided by the incidence in the reference period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 5486 incident IE patients (65% men) and the mean age at diagnosis was 63years. Men tended to be younger at diagnosis than women; 62years vs. 65years. Mean age at IE diagnosis steadily increased from 57years in 1994-1996 to 65years in 2009-2011. The IE incidence rate increased from 3.93 per 100,000 person-years in 1994-1996 to 7.55 per 100,000 person-years in 2009-2011, corresponding to an incidence ratio of 1.92 (95% CI: 1.74-2.12). The increase in incidence over time was more pronounced in men (2.28, 95% CI: 2.02-2.59) than in women (1.39, 95% CI: 1.18-1.64). We observed no increase in incidence over time for subjects younger than 50years, whereas the incidence increased substantially over time for elderly patients, with the highest incidence ratio of 3.38 (95% CI: 2.55-4.52) for patients more than 80years at IE onset.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of IE increased over time particularly among men and for the older age groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Gentofte Hospital, Kildegaardsvej 28, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Kolding Hospital, Skovvangen 2-8, 6000 Kolding, Denmark. Electronic address: Purnima.Erichsen@rsyd.dk.
authors.forename: Purnima
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Erichsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Gentofte Hospital, Kildegaardsvej 28, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Gunnar H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Gislason
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Gentofte Hospital, Kildegaardsvej 28, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; Clinical Institute, Aalborg University, Sdr. Skovvej 15, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Niels Eske
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Bruun
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D004696:Endocarditis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D063507:Sexism; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Epidemiology; Incidence; Infective endocarditis