title: USING THE PARENT-INFANT RELATIONSHIP GLOBAL ASSESSMENT SCALE TO IDENTIFY CAREGIVER-INFANT/TODDLER DYADS WITH ABUSIVE RELATIONSHIP PATTERNS IN SIX EUROPEAN COUNTRIES.
abstract: The study examined whether the Diagnostic Classification of Mental Health and Developmental Disorders of Infancy and Early Childhood, Revised Edition (DC: 0-3R; ZERO TO THREE, 2005) Parent-Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale (PIR-GAS) is applicable to six European countries and contributes to the identification of caregiver-infant/toddler dyads with abusive relationship patterns. The sample consisted of 115 dyads with children's ages ranging from 1 to 47 months. Sixty-four dyads were recruited from community settings without known violence problems, and 51 dyads were recruited from clinical settings and already had been identified with violence problems or as being at risk for violence problems. To classify the dyads on the PIR-GAS categories, caregiver-child interactions were video-recorded and coded with observational scales appropriate for child age. To test whether the PIR-GAS allows for reliable identification of dyads with abusive relationship patterns, PIR-GAS ratings were compared with scores on the the International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect's (ISPCAN) Child Abuse Screening Tool-Parental Version (ICAST-P; D.K. Runyan et al., ), a questionnaire measuring abusive parental disciplinary practices. It was found that PIR-GAS ratings differentiated between the general and the clinical sample, and the dyads with abusive patterns of relationship were identified by both the PIR-GAS and the ICAST-P. Interrater reliability for the PIR-GAS ranged from moderate to excellent. The value of a broader use of tools such as the DC: 0-3R to promote early identification of families at risk for infant and toddler abuse and neglect is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Child Health and Aristotle University of Thessaloniki.
authors.forename: Kornilia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hatzinikolaou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Child Health.
authors.forename: Vassiliki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Karveli
authors.affiliation: Institute of Child Health.
authors.forename: Aggeliki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Skoubourdi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Child Health.
authors.forename: Foteini
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zarokosta
authors.affiliation: Associazone Focolare Maria Regina Onlus.
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Antonucci
authors.affiliation: Associazone Focolare Maria Regina Onlus.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Visci
authors.affiliation: Instituto Universitario de Lisboa.
authors.forename: Maria Manuela
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Calheiros
authors.affiliation: Instituto Universitario de Lisboa.
authors.forename: Eunice
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: MagalhÃes
authors.affiliation: Roehampton University.
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Essau
authors.affiliation: Roehampton University.
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Allan
authors.affiliation: Roehampton University.
authors.forename: Jayshree
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pithia
authors.affiliation: Roehampton University.
authors.forename: Fahreen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Walji
authors.affiliation: Autonomous University of Barcelona.
authors.forename: Lourdes
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ezpeleta
authors.affiliation: Autonomous University of Barcelona.
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Perez-Robles
authors.affiliation: University of Cyprus.
authors.forename: Kostas A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Fanti
authors.affiliation: University of Cyprus.
authors.forename: Evita
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Katsimicha
authors.affiliation: University of Cyprus.
authors.forename: Maria-Zoe
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Hadjicharambous
authors.affiliation: Institute of Child Health.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nikolaidis
authors.affiliation: Portsmouth University.
authors.forename: Vasudevi
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Reddy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017028:Caregivers; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Beziehungsklassifikation; DC : 0-3R; DC: 0-3R; Missbrauch und Vernachlässigung bei Säuglingen und Kleinkindern; PIR-GAS; abuso y negligencia de infantes y niños pequeños; clasificación de la relación; classification de la relation; infant and toddler abuse and neglect; maltraitance et négligence des bébés et des petits enfants; relationship classification; 乳幼児の虐待とネグレクト; 嬰兒幼兒虐待和忽視; 関係性分類; 關係分類