title: Stress and hypertensive disease: adrenals as a link. Experimental study on hypertensive ISIAH rat strain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Association between stress and hypertensive disease is still a matter of debate. Can stress be the cause of hypertensive disease and, if so, what mechanisms are involved? To clarify this question, the Inherited stress-induced arterial hypertensive rat strain (ISIAH rat strain) with a stress related arterial hypertension was developed by selection for the enhanced blood pressure response to 0.5 h restraint stress. The main intention of this work is to confirm that the adrenals are a main link between stress and hypertensive disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hypertensive ISIAH and normotensive WAG rats have been studied. The in vivo secretion rate of corticosterone, aldosterone, 11-Deoxycorticosterone (DOC), and 11-dehydrocorticosterone was measured in anesthetized rats by adrenal vein cannulation. The Dexamethasone/Adrenocorticotropic hormone (DEX/ACTH) test was performed and mRNA expression of Cyp11b1 and Cyp11b2 genes in adrenals was evaluated by real-time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An increased secretion rate of corticosterone and DOC and higher peripheral plasma aldosterone concentration in ISIAH rats were revealed. Response of plasma aldosterone to the surgical stress (adrenal vein cannulation) in the ISIAH rats was significantly higher. The increase of corticosterone and aldosterone in response to ACTH was also higher in hypertensive rats. The basal mRNA expression of both Cyp11b1 and Cyp11b2 genes was increased in the ISIAH rats. The ratio 11-dehydrocorticosterone/corticosterone in ISIAH rats was low which indicates the weakening of 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11-beta-HSD) type 2 converting corticosterone to cortisone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ISIAH rats may serve as a living proof that stress may produce sustained hypertension, and genetically determined enhanced stress responsiveness of corticosterone and, especially, aldosterone may play a crucial role in the mechanism of hypertension development.
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Genetics of Arterial Hypertension , Institute of Cytology and Genetics , Novosibirsk , Russia.
authors.forename: Yegor V
authors.initials: YV
authors.lastname: Antonov
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Genetics of Arterial Hypertension , Institute of Cytology and Genetics , Novosibirsk , Russia.
authors.forename: Yuriy V
authors.initials: YV
authors.lastname: Alexandrovich
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Genetics of Arterial Hypertension , Institute of Cytology and Genetics , Novosibirsk , Russia.
authors.forename: Olga E
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: Redina
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory of Regulation of Adaptation Processes , Institute of Physiology and Fundamental Medicine , Novosibirsk , Russia.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gilinsky
authors.affiliation: a Laboratory of Genetics of Arterial Hypertension , Institute of Cytology and Genetics , Novosibirsk , Russia.|c Department of Physiology , Novosibirsk State University , Novosibirsk , Russia.
authors.forename: Arcady L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Markel
mesh_terms: D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism*; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001158:Arteries / Q000503:physiopathology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002404:Catheterization; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D003348:Cortisone / Q000378:metabolism; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014680:Veins / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000450:Aldosterone; C003552:11-dehydrocorticosterone; D003348:Cortisone; D003345:Corticosterone
keywords: Adrenal function; stress dependent arterial hypertension