title: Current Topics in Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson Disease.
abstract: There is a long history of surgical treatment for Parkinson disease (PD). After pioneering trials and errors, the current primary surgical treatment for PD is deep brain stimulation (DBS). DBS is a promising treatment option for patients with medically refractory PD. However, there are still many problems and controversies associated with DBS. In this review, we discuss current issues in DBS for PD, including patient selection, clinical outcomes, complications, target selection, long-term outcomes, management of axial symptoms, timing of surgery, surgical procedures, cost-effectiveness, and new technology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research and Therapeutics for Movement Disorders, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Umemura
authors.forename: Genko
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Oyama
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimo
authors.forename: Madoka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Asuka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sekimoto
authors.forename: Masanobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Takumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mitsuhashi
authors.forename: Nobutaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arai
mesh_terms: D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation; D006801:Humans; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000628:therapy*; D018579:Patient Selection; D016896:Treatment Outcome