title: Sexual dimorphism in the glucose homeostasis phenotype of the Aromatase Knockout (ArKO) mice.
abstract: We investigated the effects of estrogens on glucose homeostasis using the Aromatase Knockout (ArKO) mouse, which is unable to convert androgens into estrogens. The ArKO mouse is a model of total estrogen ablation which develops symptoms of metabolic syndrome. To determine the development and progression of whole body state of insulin resistance of ArKO mice, comprehensive whole body tolerance tests were performed on WT, ArKO and estrogen administrated mice at 3 and 12 months of age. The absence of estrogens in the male ArKO mice leads to hepatic insulin resistance, glucose and pyruvate intolerance from 3 to 12 months with consistent improvement upon estrogen treatment. Estrogen absence in the female ArKO mice leads to glucose intolerance without pyruvate intolerance or insulin resistance. The replacement of estrogens in the female WT and ArKO mice exhibited both insulin sensitizing and resistance effects depending on age and dosage. In conclusion, this study presents information on the sexually dimorphic roles of estrogens on glucose homeostasis regulation.
authors.affiliation: Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Vic 3180, Australia; Dept of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Van Sinderen
authors.affiliation: St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and Dept of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Vic 3065, Australia; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dept of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.affiliation: St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and Dept of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Vic 3065, Australia; Diabetes Research Unit, Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev, Denmark.
authors.forename: Sebastian B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Jorgensen
authors.affiliation: St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and Dept of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Vic 3065, Australia.
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Honeyman
authors.affiliation: Dept of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
authors.forename: Jenny D Y
authors.initials: JDY
authors.lastname: Chow
authors.affiliation: Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Vic 3180, Australia.
authors.forename: Evan R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.affiliation: Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia.
authors.forename: Margaret E E
authors.initials: MEE
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic 3000, Australia; Dept of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. Electronic address: wah.chin.boon@florey.edu.au.
authors.forename: Wah Chin
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Boon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001141:Aromatase / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006706:Homeostasis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D010641:Phenotype; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D001141:Aromatase; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Aromatase knockout; Estrogens; Glucose homeostasis; Glucose tolerance test; Insulin resistance; Insulin tolerance test; Pyruvate tolerance test