title: LDH, proliferation curves and cell cycle analysis are the most suitable assays to identify and characterize new phytotherapeutic compounds.
abstract: Brazilian flora biodiversity has been widely investigated to identify effective and safe phytotherapeutic compounds. Among the investigated plant species, the Byrsonima genus exhibits promising biological activities. This study aimed at evaluating the cytotoxicity of B. correifolia, B. verbascifolia, B. fagifolia and B. intermedia extracts using different assays in two cell lines (primary gastric and HepG2 cells). The different extract concentrations effects on cell viability were assayed using the MTT, aquabluer, neutral red and LDH assays. Non-cytotoxic concentrations were selected to generate cell proliferation curves and to assess cell cycle kinetics by flow cytometry. Byrsonima extracts differentially affected cell viability depending on the metabolic cellular state and the biological parameter evaluated. B. fagifolia and B. intermedia extracts exhibited lower cytotoxic effects than B. correifolia and B. verbascifolia in all assays. The results obtained with LDH and flow cytometry assays were more reliable, suggesting that they can be useful in the screening for herbal medicine and to further characterize these extracts as phytotherapeutic compounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Biology, State University of Londrina, PR 445 Km 380, s/n - Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, CEP 86057-970, Brazil. anaflavia33@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Ana Flávia L
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Specian
authors.affiliation: Department of General Biology, State University of Londrina, PR 445 Km 380, s/n - Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, CEP 86057-970, Brazil.|Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Serpeloni
authors.affiliation: Department of General Biology, State University of Londrina, PR 445 Km 380, s/n - Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, CEP 86057-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Katiuska
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tuttis
authors.affiliation: Department of General Biology, State University of Londrina, PR 445 Km 380, s/n - Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, CEP 86057-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Diego L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Department of General Biology, State University of Londrina, PR 445 Km 380, s/n - Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, CEP 86057-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Heloísa L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Cilião
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eliana A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Varanda
authors.affiliation: School of Arts, Science and Humanities, São Paulo University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sannomiya
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Wilner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Martinez-Lopez
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biosciences, UNESP- Paulista State University, Coastal Campus of São Vicente, São Vicente, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Wagner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vilegas
authors.affiliation: Department of General Biology, State University of Londrina, PR 445 Km 380, s/n - Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, CEP 86057-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ilce M S
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Cólus
keywords: Antioxidant; Byrsonima sp.; Cytostatic; Cytotoxicity; Flow cytometry; Herbal medicine