title: Poly(lactic acid) for delivery of bioactive macromolecules.
abstract: Therapeutic biomolecules often require frequent administration and supramolecular dosing to achieve therapeutic efficiencies and direct infusion into treatment or defect sites results in inadequate physiological response and at times severe side effects or mis-targeting. Delivery systems serve several purposes such as increased circulatory time, increased biomolecule half-life, and incorporation of new innovations can enable highly specific cell targeting and improved cell and nucleus permeability. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) has become a "material of choice" due to wide availability, reproducible synthetic route, customization, versatility, biodegradability and biocompatibility. Furthermore, PLA is amenable to a variety of fabrication methodologies and chemistries allowing an expansive library correlating physio-chemical properties, characteristics, and applications. This article discusses challenges to biomolecule delivery, and classical approaches of PLA based biomolecule delivery and targeting strategies under development and in trials.
authors.affiliation: The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
authors.forename: Roshan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: James
authors.affiliation: The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
authors.forename: Ohan S
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Manoukian
authors.affiliation: The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA. Electronic address: Kumbar@uchc.edu.
authors.forename: Sangamesh G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kumbar
mesh_terms: D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D011091:Polyesters / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D011091:Polyesters; C033616:poly(lactide)
keywords: Biomolecule; Blood–brain barrier; Clozapine (PubChem CID: 2818); DNA; Doxorubicin (PubChem CID: 31,703); NGR peptide (PubChem CID: 18,219,107); Nanoparticle; Paclitaxel (PubChem CID: 36,314); Penetratin (PubChem CID: 16,134,279); Peptide; Polydimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (PubChem CID: 107,676); Polyethylene glycol (PubChem CID: 174); Polylactic acid (PubChem CID: 612); Protein; RNA; Targeting; Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (PubChem CID: 32,281)