title: Developmental Outcome and Related Abnormalities in Goats: Comparison Between Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer- and In Vivo-Derived Concepti During Pregnancy Through Term.
abstract: Cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is characterized by low efficiency and the occurrence of developmental abnormalities, which are rather poorly studied phenomena in goats. This study aimed at comparing overall SCNT efficiency in goats by using in vitro-matured (IVM) or in vivo-matured oocytes and fibroblast donor cells (mock transfected, transgenic, or wild type), also characterizing symptoms of the Abnormal Offspring Syndrome (AOS) in development, comparing results with pregnancies produced by artificial insemination (AI) and in vivo-derived (IVD) embryos. The SCNT group had lower pregnancy rate (18.3%, 11/60), total number of concepti (20.0%, 12/60), term births (3.3%, 2/60), and live births (1.7%, 1/60) than both the IVD (77.8%, 7/9; 155.5%, 14/9; 122.2%, 11/9; 88.8%, 8/9) and the AI (71.4%, 10/14; 121.4%, 17/14; 100%, 14/14; 78.5%, 11/14) groups, respectively (p < 0.05). No SCNT pregnancies reached term using IVM oocytes, but in vivo-matured oocytes resulted in two term transgenic cloned kids. The proportion fetal membrane (FM) weight/birth weight reflected an increase in FM size and cotyledonary enlargement in clones, for disproportionally bigger newborns in relation to cotyledonary numbers. Overall, goat cloning showed losses and abnormality patterns similar to the AOS in cloned cattle and sheep, which have not been previously well recognized in goats.
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR) , Fortaleza, Brazil .
authors.forename: Leonardo Tondello
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR) , Fortaleza, Brazil .
authors.forename: Saul Gaudêncio
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Neto
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR) , Fortaleza, Brazil .
authors.forename: Kaio César Simiano
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Tavares
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR) , Fortaleza, Brazil .
authors.forename: Carlos Enrique Méndez
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Calderón
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR) , Fortaleza, Brazil .
authors.forename: Luis Henrique
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Aguiar
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR) , Fortaleza, Brazil .
authors.forename: Cícera Regina
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Lazzarotto
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR) , Fortaleza, Brazil .|2 Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre, Brazil .
authors.forename: Felipe Ledur
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Ongaratto
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR) , Fortaleza, Brazil .
authors.forename: Victor Hugo Vieira
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR) , Fortaleza, Brazil .
authors.forename: Igor de Sá
authors.initials: Ide S
authors.lastname: Carneiro
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR) , Fortaleza, Brazil .|3 Ceará State University (UECE) , Fortaleza, Brazil .
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rossetto
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR) , Fortaleza, Brazil .|3 Ceará State University (UECE) , Fortaleza, Brazil .
authors.forename: Anderson Pinto
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.affiliation: 3 Ceará State University (UECE) , Fortaleza, Brazil .
authors.forename: César Carneiro Linhares
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: 3 Ceará State University (UECE) , Fortaleza, Brazil .
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rondina
authors.affiliation: 4 Quatro G Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Ltda. , Porto Alegre, Brazil .
authors.forename: Ana Christina Oliveira
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.affiliation: 4 Quatro G Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Ltda. , Porto Alegre, Brazil .
authors.forename: Jocelei Maria
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chies
authors.affiliation: 5 Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University , Logan, Utah, USA.
authors.forename: Irina A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Polejaeva
authors.affiliation: 2 Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre, Brazil .
authors.forename: José Luiz
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: 6 Santa Catarina State University (UDESC) , Lages, Brazil .
authors.forename: Fabiana
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Forell
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR) , Fortaleza, Brazil .|7 Pontificial Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) , Porto Alegre, Brazil .
authors.forename: Luciana Relly
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Bertolini
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR) , Fortaleza, Brazil .|2 Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) , Porto Alegre, Brazil .
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bertolini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000662:veterinary*; D047108:Embryonic Development; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006041:Goats; D053652:Nuclear Transfer Techniques / Q000662:veterinary*; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D047929:Term Birth