title: Community Characteristics and Qualified Health Plan Selection during the First Open Enrollment Period.
abstract: To examine state and community factors that contributed to geographic variation in qualified health plan selection during the first open enrollment period.
  
  
  
  Administrative data on qualified health plan selections at the ZIP code area merged with survey estimates from the American Community Survey.
  
  
  
  Descriptive and regression analyses.
  
  
  
  Data were generated by healthcare.gov and from a household survey.
  
  
  
  Thirty-one percent of the variation in qualified health plan selection ratios resulted from between-state differences, and the rest was driven by local area differences. Education, language, age, gender, and the ethnic composition of communities contributed to disparate levels of plan selection. Medicaid expansion states had a qualified health plan selection ratio that was 4.4 points lower than non-Medicaid expansion states, controlling for covariates.
  
  
  
  Our results suggest community-level differences in the intensity or receptiveness to outreach and enrollment activities during the first open enrollment period.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of Maryland, 4200 Valley Drive, #3310A, College Park, MD, 20742.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boudreaux
authors.affiliation: Division of Health Policy & Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
authors.forename: Lynn A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Blewett
authors.affiliation: State Health Access Data Assistance Center, Minneapolis, MN.
authors.forename: Brett
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fried
authors.affiliation: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Princeton, NJ.
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hempstead
authors.affiliation: Division of Health Policy & Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
authors.forename: Pinar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Karaca-Mandic
mesh_terms: D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007348:Insurance, Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008484:Medicaid / Q000458:organization & administration; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D013221:State Health Plans / Q000191:economics* / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States
keywords: Health insurance marketplace; qualified health plan