title: Epitope-focused vaccine design against influenza A and B viruses.
abstract: The threat of influenza A and B variants via antigenic drift and emerging novel influenza A and B strains in the human population via antigenic shift has spurred research efforts to improve upon current seasonal influenza vaccines. In recent years, a wave of novel technological breakthroughs has lead to the identification of many broadly anti-influenza hemagglutinin (HA) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and the elucidation of the conserved epitopes recognized by these mAbs in both the head and the stem of HA as well as the mechanisms of inhibition. These discoveries along with an improved understanding of how the immune system responds to influenza infection and vaccination has spurred great efforts on stem-based cross-subtype ('universal') vaccine design as well as RBS-based HA subtype-specific vaccine design.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Anti-Viral Immunity and Genetic Therapy, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Huanhuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Unit of Anti-Viral Immunity and Genetic Therapy, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China. Electronic address: blzhou@sibs.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D015195:Drug Design; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes / Q000235:genetics*; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D009981:Influenza B virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D032541:Mass Vaccination; D019444:Vaccines, DNA
chemical_list: D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D019444:Vaccines, DNA