title: Molecular Characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis on the Abdominal Skin of Females before Laparotomy.
abstract: Staphylococcus epidermidis, especially methicillin-resistant strains, may be the source of surgical site infections and may be a reservoir of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) for S. aureus. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis (MRSE) on the abdominal skin of females before laparotomy and determine the molecular characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of these isolates. MRSE was found in 54 of 157 isolates based on mecA gene detection, and there was no difference in icaA gene carriage rate between MRSE and methicillin-susceptible S. epidermidis (MSSE) isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were determined by broth microdilution antimicrobial susceptibility testing according to the latest CLSI manuals. All MRSE isolates had unfavorable antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Twenty-three MRSE strains (42.6%) were multi-drug resistant. SCCmec typing and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing was performed. Thirty-nine (72.2%) had a single SCCmec type, whereas 1.9% had two types. Fourteen strains (25.9%) were non-typeable (NT). The most frequent MRSE genotype was SCCmec type IVa. High diversity with PFGE patterns was obtained for MRSE, and there were no isolates exhibiting identical pulsotype. The results confirm that methicillin-resistant strains are frequently present among S. epidermidis on the abdominal skin of females before laparotomy. Moreover, resistance profiles seem to have no association with the SCCmec types or PFGE types for most common antibiotics.
authors.affiliation: Medical Genetics, West China Shool of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. pinjiawong@foxmail.com.|School of Medical Laboratory Science, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China. pinjiawong@foxmail.com.
authors.forename: Pin-Jia
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Hospital for Women and Children, Chengdu 610045, China. chengbinxie@foxmail.com.
authors.forename: Cheng-Bin
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: School of Medical Laboratory Science, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China. sunfenghui_83@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Feng-Hui
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: School of Medical Laboratory Science, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China. gljemily@163.com.
authors.forename: Li-Juan
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: School of Medical Laboratory Science, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China. daimin1015@163.com.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: School of Medical Laboratory Science, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China. cissi7@foxmail.com.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Medical Genetics, West China Shool of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. mayongxin@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yong-Xin
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007813:Laparotomy; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D008875:Middle Aged; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology*; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C487495:MecA protein, Staphylococcus epidermidis
keywords: PFGE; SCCmec; antibiotic resistant; laparotomy; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis; skin