title: Assessment of DNA damage and molecular responses in Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) following short-term exposure to silver nanoparticles.
abstract: The increasing application of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) both in industries and in agricultural fields has led to its accumulation in the aquatic ecosystem through water run-off. In the present study, the effects of Ag-NPs in the liver of Labeo rohita, were investigated at genomic and cellular level for seven days at the concentrations of 100, 200, 400 and 800 μg l(-1) by using 18 and 29 nm sizes of Ag-NPs. The Ag-NPs sizes of 18 and 29 nm were synthesized by a chemical method using atomic force microscopy with the zeta potential of -55 mV and-31.4 mV respectively. They were found to be spherical with smooth surfaces. Assessment of genotoxic effects of the particles in the fish using single-cell gel electrophoresis showed DNA damage on exposure to concentrations of 400 and 800 μg l(-1). Histopathological examination of the liver revealed vacuolar degeneration, hepatocytes have undergone total degeneration and high accumulation of Ag-NPs that depicted both time and dose-dependent relationships. Furthermore, the expression study of stress-related genes showed down-regulation, due to the production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species. Ag-NPs can cause both DNA damage and affect the cellular responses of L. rohita.
authors.affiliation: Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Education Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Niti
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Education Mumbai, India. Electronic address: mashraf38@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mohd Ashraf
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rather
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Environment and Health Management Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Education Mumbai, India; Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Malachy N O
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Ajima
authors.affiliation: Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Education Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gireesh-Babu
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Environment and Health Management Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Education Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Kundan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Education Mumbai, India. Electronic address: rupams@cife.edu.in.
authors.forename: Rupam
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012834:Silver / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D029941:Fish Proteins; D012834:Silver
keywords: Comet assay; Gene expression; Genotoxicity; Histopathology