title: Metal concentration and bioaccessibility in different particle sizes of dust and aerosols to refine metal exposure assessment.
abstract: Refined exposure assessments were realized for children, 7-9yrs, in the mining/smelting city of Oruro, Bolivia. Aerosols (PM>2.5, PM1-2.5, PM0.4-1 and PM0.5) and dust (separated in different particle size fractions: 2000-200μm, 200-50μm, 50-20μm, 20-2μm and <2μm) were sampled on football fields highly frequented by children in both the mining and smelting areas. Trace element concentrations (Ag, As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb, Sn and Zn) in each size fraction of dust and aerosols, lung bioaccessibility of metals in aerosols, and gastric bioaccessibility of metals in dust were measured. Exposure was assessed considering actual external exposure (i.e. exposure pathways: metals inhaled and ingested) and simulated internal exposure (i.e., complex estimation using gastric and lung bioaccessibility, deposition and clearance of particles in lungs). Significant differences between external and simulated internal exposure were attributed to dissemblances in gastric and lung bioaccessibilities, as well as metal distribution within particle size range, revealing the importance of both parameters in exposure assessment.
authors.affiliation: GET, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France; Institut Ecocitoyen pour la Connaissance des Pollutions, Centre de Vie La Fossette, RD 268, F-13270 Fos-sur-Mer, France. Electronic address: sylvaine.goix@hotmail.fr.
authors.forename: Sylvaine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goix
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, LTHE, F-38000 Grenoble, France; IRD, LTHE, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Gaëlle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Uzu
authors.affiliation: GET, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Priscia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Oliva
authors.affiliation: GET, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Fiorella
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barraza
authors.affiliation: Université Grenoble Alpes, LTHE, F-38000 Grenoble, France; IRD, LTHE, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Aude
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Calas
authors.affiliation: GET, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Castet
authors.affiliation: GET, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Point
authors.affiliation: GET, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Masbou
authors.affiliation: IRD-LCA-UMSA, CP 9214 Obrajes, La Paz, Bolivia.
authors.forename: Jean-Louis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Duprey
authors.affiliation: IRD-LCA-UMSA, CP 9214 Obrajes, La Paz, Bolivia.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huayta
authors.affiliation: IRD-LCA-UMSA, CP 9214 Obrajes, La Paz, Bolivia.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chincheros
authors.affiliation: IRD-LCA-UMSA, CP 9214 Obrajes, La Paz, Bolivia; IRD-Hydrosciences Montpellier (HSM), Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gardon
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001682:Biological Availability; D001838:Bolivia; D002648:Child; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008906:Mining; D008954:Models, Biological; D010316:Particle Size
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants; D004391:Dust; D019216:Metals, Heavy
keywords: Exposure assessment; Gastric bioaccessibility; Lung bioaccessibility; Metal; Particle size