title: The Clinical Significance of Glycoprotein Phospholipase D Levels in Distinguishing Early Stage Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults and Type 2 Diabetes.
abstract: Autoantibodies have been widely used as markers of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA); however, the specificity and sensitivity of autoantibodies as markers of LADA are weak compared with those found in type 1 diabetes (T1DM). In this study, we aimed to identify other plasma proteins as potential candidates that can be used effectively to determine early stage LADA and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment. These issues were addressed by studying new-onset 'classic' T1DM (n = 156), LADA (n = 174), T2DM (n = 195) and healthy cohorts (n = 166). Plasma samples were obtained from the four cohorts. We employed isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) together with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to identify plasma proteins with significant changes in LADA. The changes were validated by Western blot and ELISA analyses. Among the four cohorts, 311 unique proteins were identified in three iTRAQ runs, with 157 present across the three data sets. Among them, 49/311 (16.0%) proteins had significant changes in LADA compared with normal controls, including glycoprotein phospholipase D (GPLD1), which was upregulated in LADA. Western blot and ELISA analyses showed that GPLD1 levels were higher in both LADA and T1DM cohorts than in both T2DM and healthy cohorts, while there were no significant differences in the plasma concentrations of GPLD1 between the LADA and T1DM cohorts. GPLD1 is implicated as a potential candidate plasma protein for determining early stage LADA and T2DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Zhen
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Elderly Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Bao-Yu
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Jia-Li
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Xia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000071698:Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D010739:Phospholipase D / Q000097:blood*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010739:Phospholipase D; C065017:glycoprotein phospholipase D