title: Utilization of long duration high-volume sampling coupled to SPME-GC-MS/MS for the assessment of airborne pesticides variability in an urban area (Strasbourg, France) during agricultural application.
abstract: Atmospheric samples have been collected between 14 March and 12 September 2012 on a 2-week basis (15 days of sampling and exchange of traps each 7 days) in Strasbourg (east of France) for the analysis of 43 pesticides. Samples (particle and gas phases) were separately extracted using Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) and pre-concentrated by Solid Phase Micro-Extraction (SPME) before analysis by gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Four SPME consecutive injections at distinct temperatures were made in order to increase the sensitivity of detection for the all monitored pesticides. Currently used detected pesticides can be grouped in four classes; those used in maize crops (acetochlor, benoxacor, dicamba, s-metolachlor, pendimethalin, and bromoxynil), in cereal crops (benoxacor, chlorothalonil, fenpropimorph, and propiconazole), in vineyards (tebuconazole), and as herbicides for orchards, meadows of green spaces (2,4-MCPA, trichlopyr). This is in accordance with the diversity of crops found in the Alsace region and trends observed are in accordance with the period of application of these pesticides. Variations observed permit also to demonstrate that the long time sampling duration used in this study is efficient to visualize temporal variations of airborne pesticides concentrations. Then, long time high-volume sampling could be a simple method permitting atmospheric survey of atmospheric contamination without any long analysis time and consequently low cost.
authors.affiliation: a Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES UMR 7515 CNRS - Université de Strasbourg) , Strasbourg Cedex , France.
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liaud
authors.affiliation: a Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES UMR 7515 CNRS - Université de Strasbourg) , Strasbourg Cedex , France.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brucher
authors.affiliation: a Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES UMR 7515 CNRS - Université de Strasbourg) , Strasbourg Cedex , France.|b Laboratoire National de Santé, Service de Surveillance Alimentaire , Dudelange , Luxembourg.
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schummer
authors.affiliation: a Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES UMR 7515 CNRS - Université de Strasbourg) , Strasbourg Cedex , France.|c Foundation for the Promotion of the Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO-Public Health, Valencia) , Valencia , Spain.
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Coscollà
authors.affiliation: a Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES UMR 7515 CNRS - Université de Strasbourg) , Strasbourg Cedex , France.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.affiliation: a Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES UMR 7515 CNRS - Université de Strasbourg) , Strasbourg Cedex , France.
authors.forename: Jean-Jacques
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.affiliation: c Foundation for the Promotion of the Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO-Public Health, Valencia) , Valencia , Spain.|d Analytical Chemistry Department , University of Valencia, Edifici Jeroni Muñoz , Burjassot , Spain.
authors.forename: Vicent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Yusà
authors.affiliation: a Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES UMR 7515 CNRS - Université de Strasbourg) , Strasbourg Cedex , France.
authors.forename: Maurice
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Millet
mesh_terms: D016573:Agrochemicals / Q000032:analysis*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002947:Cities; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005602:France; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D016573:Agrochemicals; D052638:Particulate Matter; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D010575:Pesticides
keywords: ASE; GC-MS/MS; SPME; current-used pesticides; high-volume sampling