title: Contribution of Matrix Metallopeptidase-1 Genotypes, Smoking, Alcohol Drinking and Areca Chewing to Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Susceptibility.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) has been demonstrated to be correlated with lymph node metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC); however, the genotypic role of MMP-1 is not well understand. The present study aimed to assess the contribution of MMP-1 promoter -1607 genotypes, combined with environmental carcinogens, on the predisposition to NPC tumorigenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The MMP-1 promoter -1607 genotypes were examined for 352 age- and gender-matched controls and 176 NPC patients by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methodology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that the MMP-1 promoter -1607 heterozygous 1G/2G and homozygous 1G/1G genotypes, were more and more prone to be associated with NPC risk (odds ratio (OR)=0.64 and 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.43-1.03 and 0.36-0.96, p=0.0659 and 0.0932, respectively). In the dominant models, there was a significant association between the genotype of MMP-1 promoter -1607 and NPC risk (OR=0.64, 95% CI=0.43-0.91, p=0.0359). In addition, individuals carrying the 1G allele at MMP-1 promoter -1607 were less susceptible to NPC (OR=0.73; 95%CI=0.59 to 0.96, p=0.0418) after adjustment for age, gender, cigarette, alcohol and areca consumption.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 1G/1G genotype of MMP-1 promoter -1607 may independently have a protective effect on NPC risk, without interaction with behavioral factors, including cigarette, alcohol and areca consumption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Chia-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Wen-Shin
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Chi-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Department of Otolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Liang-Chun
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Liang-Yu
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: En-Yuan
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Hsin-Ting
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Shiou-Ting
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Cheng-Nan
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. datian@mail.cmuh.org.tw artbau2@gmail.com.
authors.forename: DA-Tian
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Bau
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001114:Areca; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012907:Smoking / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C522360:MMP1 protein, human; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1
keywords: Genotype; MMP-1; nasopharyngeal carcinoma; polymorphism