title: Nesfatin-1-Like Peptide Encoded in Nucleobindin-1 in Goldfish is a Novel Anorexigen Modulated by Sex Steroids, Macronutrients and Daily Rhythm.
abstract: Nesfatin-1 is an 82 amino acid anorexigen encoded in a secreted precursor nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2). NUCB2 was named so due to its high sequence similarity with nucleobindin-1 (NUCB1). It was recently reported that NUCB1 encodes an insulinotropic nesfatin-1-like peptide (NLP) in mice. Here, we aimed to characterize NLP in fish. RT- qPCR showed NUCB1 expression in both central and peripheral tissues. Western blot analysis and/or fluorescence immunohistochemistry determined NUCB1/NLP in the brain, pituitary, testis, ovary and gut of goldfish. NUCB1 mRNA expression in goldfish pituitary and gut displayed a daily rhythmic pattern of expression. Pituitary NUCB1 mRNA expression was downregulated by estradiol, while testosterone upregulated its expression in female goldfish brain. High carbohydrate and fat suppressed NUCB1 mRNA expression in the brain and gut. Intraperitoneal injection of synthetic rat NLP and goldfish NLP at 10 and 100 ng/g body weight doses caused potent inhibition of food intake in goldfish. NLP injection also downregulated the expression of mRNAs encoding orexigens, preproghrelin and orexin-A, and upregulated anorexigen cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript mRNA in goldfish brain. Collectively, these results provide the first set of results supporting the anorectic action of NLP, and the regulation of tissue specific expression of goldfish NUCB1.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada.
authors.forename: Lakshminarasimhan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sundarrajan
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiología (Fisiología Animal II), Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ayelén Melisa
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Blanco
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Intendente Marino Km 8.2, B7130IWA Chascomús, Buenos Aires CC 164 (7130), Argentina.
authors.forename: Juan Ignacio
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Bertucci
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada.
authors.forename: Naresh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ramesh
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Intendente Marino Km 8.2, B7130IWA Chascomús, Buenos Aires CC 164 (7130), Argentina.
authors.forename: Luis Fabián
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Canosa
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada.
authors.forename: Suraj
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Unniappan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006054:Goldfish / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000080866:Nucleobindins; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000378:metabolism; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism; D013739:Testosterone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029941:Fish Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C000630651:Nucb1 protein, mouse; C000630652:Nucb1 protein, rat; D000080866:Nucleobindins; D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol