title: Mechanistic Observations on the Role of the Stannous Ion in Caries Lesion De- and Remineralization.
abstract: Two mechanistic, laboratory, factorial design studies were conducted to investigate the effect of the stannous ion (Sn2+) in the absence or presence of fluoride on caries lesion de- and remineralization. Study I was concerned with determining changes in mineral distribution of subsurface lesions, whereas study II investigated changes in surface hardness of surface-softened lesions as a function of pH. Study I showed that Sn2+ modulates the effects of fluoride by preventing lamination. Study II revealed that the effect of Sn2+ on rehardening is pH dependent. Neither study demonstrated synergy between Sn2+ and fluoride, yet interactions were observed. Sn2+ does interfere with remineralization to some extent although it provided acid resistance. The role of Sn2+ in the caries process is complex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Oral Health Research Institute, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Ind., USA.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lippert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002413:Cations, Divalent / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000382:microbiology; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D005460:Fluorides, Topical / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration / Q000187:drug effects; D008852:Microradiography; D014001:Tin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014002:Tin Fluorides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000382:microbiology*; D014089:Tooth Remineralization
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D002413:Cations, Divalent; D005460:Fluorides, Topical; D014002:Tin Fluorides; D014001:Tin