title: Fractionation of Plant Bioactives from Black Carrots (Daucus carota subspecies sativus varietas atrorubens Alef.) by Adsorptive Membrane Chromatography and Analysis of Their Potential Anti-Diabetic Activity.
abstract: Black and purple carrots have attracted interest as colored extracts for coloring food due to their high content of anthocyanins. This study aimed to investigate the polyphenol composition of black carrots. Particularly, the identification and quantification of phenolic compounds of the variety Deep Purple carrot (DPC), which presents a very dark color, was performed by HPLC-PDA and HPLC-ESI-MS(n) analyses. The separation of polyphenols from a DPC XAD-7 extract into an anthocyanin fraction (AF) and co-pigment fraction (CF; primarily phenolic acids) was carried out by membrane chromatography. Furthermore, possible anti-diabetic effects of the DPC XAD-7 extract and its AF and CF were determined. DPC samples (XAD-7, CF, and AF) inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, DPC XAD-7 and chlorogenic acid, but not DPC CF and DPC AF, caused a moderate inhibition of intestinal glucose uptake in Caco-2 cells. However, DPC samples did not affect glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) activity. Overall, DPC exhibits an inhibitory effect on α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity and on cellular glucose uptake indicating potential anti-diabetic properties.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel , Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 6, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Tuba
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Esatbeyoglu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Schleinitzstraße 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Werner
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel , Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 6, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schlösser
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel , Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 6, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liehr
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel , Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 6, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ipharraguerre
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Schleinitzstraße 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Winterhalter
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel , Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 6, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rimbach
mesh_terms: D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002845:Chromatography; D018552:Daucus carota / Q000737:chemistry*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D000516:alpha-Amylases; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases; D005947:Glucose
keywords: HPLC; anthocyanins; anti-diabetic activity; black carrots; membrane chromatography; phenolic acids