title: Astaxanthin Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest of Mice H22 Hepatoma Cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND It is widely recognized that astaxanthin (ASX), a member of the carotenoid family, has strong biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and immune-modulation activities. Previous studies have confirmed that ASX can effectively inhibit hepatoma cells in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS MTT was used to assay proliferation of mice H22 cells, and flow cytometry was used to determine apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of H22 cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, anti-tumor activity of ASX was observed in mice. RESULTS ASX inhibited the proliferation of H22 cells, promoted cell necrosis, and induced cell cycle arrest in G2 phase in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that ASX can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in mice H22 hepatoma cells in vitro and in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Yiye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.affiliation: School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Yanbo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: Experimental Teaching Management Center, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Xutao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Iconography, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China (mainland).
authors.forename: Lixia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D011897:Random Allocation; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D024341:Xanthophylls; C005948:astaxanthine