title: Role of cytomegalovirus on the maturation and function of monocyte derived dendritic cells of liver transplant patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the impact of association between cytomegalovirus (CMV) pathogenesis with dendritic cell (DC) maturation and function was evaluated in CMV reactivated liver transplanted patients in comparing with non-reactivated ones, and healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Monocyte derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) was generated from collected ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-treated blood samples from patient groups and controls. In these groups, expression rates and mean fluorescent intensity of DC markers were evaluated using flowcytometry technique. Secretion of cytokines including: interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12 and IL-23 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods. The gene expression of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4 and IL-23 were analyzed using in-house real-time polymerase chain reaction protocols.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results have been shown significant decreases in: Expression rates of MoDC markers including CD83, CD1a and human leukocyte antigen DR (HLA-DR), the mean fluorescence intensitys for CD1a and HLA-DR, and secretion of IL-12 in CMV reactivated compared with non-reactivated liver transplanted patients. On the other hand, significant increases have been shown in the secretions of IL-6 and IL-23 and gene expression levels of TLR2, TLR4 and IL-23 from MoDCs in CMV reactivated compared with non-reactivated liver transplanted recipients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DC functional defects in CMV reactivated recipients, such as decrease in expression of DC maturation markers, increase in secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, and TLRs can emphasize on the importance of CMV infectivity in development of liver rejection in transplanted patients.
authors.affiliation: Mohammad Hossein Karimi, Ramin Yaghobi, Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7193711351, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Karimi
authors.affiliation: Mohammad Hossein Karimi, Ramin Yaghobi, Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7193711351, Iran.
authors.forename: Afsoon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shariat
authors.affiliation: Mohammad Hossein Karimi, Ramin Yaghobi, Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7193711351, Iran.
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yaghobi
authors.affiliation: Mohammad Hossein Karimi, Ramin Yaghobi, Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7193711351, Iran.
authors.forename: Talat
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mokhtariazad
authors.affiliation: Mohammad Hossein Karimi, Ramin Yaghobi, Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7193711351, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Mohammad
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Moazzeni
keywords: Cytomegalovirus; Dendritic cells; Liver transplantation