title: [Recruiting and Personal Development in Surgical Departments of Large Referral Centers - Current Practice and Options for Improvement from Industry and Service Business].
abstract: BackgroundCut-throat competition, cost pressure, generation Y, shortage of qualified staff and feminisation influence human resources management in visceral surgery. The assessment of the current situation by chief surgeons (CS) as well as proof of transferability of strategies from industry and service business (ISB) have not yet been investigated.Material and MethodsThe CS of university hospitals and large referral centres (> 800 beds) were interviewed (n = 100) on the basis of a standardised questionnaire including 43 items. Closed questions were designed with a 5-point Likert scale and their analysis was presented as means (MW) and standard deviations (±). Ten human resources manager (HMR) of ISB were invited to participate in 45-minute telephone interviews.ResultsThirty-seven CS participated in the survey, 15 of whom were full professors. Unsolicited applications (100%), job advertisements (78%) and direct approaches to final year students (78%) were the most common ways of recruitment. Only 17% of CS used a standardised form for preparation. Professional expertise (MW 2.2 ± 0.9), social skills (MW 1.9 ± 0.6) and excellent German language skills (MW 1.8 ± 0.8) were named as important qualifications for employment, while references and certificates were regarded as being less important (MW 3.2 ± 0.9). Personal development was regarded as important (MW 1.1 ± 0.2), but a defined period for residency was not guaranteed (MW 3.0 ± 1.5). Transparent selection criteria for career opportunities (MW 2.5 ± 1.1) and different career models (MW 2.7 ± 1.2) were only rarely available. Six HRM participated in the interviews. Active head-hunting (75%), Internet platforms (75%), presentations at conferences (75%), as well as hiring trainees (50%), job advertisements (50%) and social media (50%) were established options to find qualified employees. Professional and management careers were often separate career paths, while social expertise was regarded as being crucial for filling management positions.ConclusionIn visceral surgery, unsolicited applications, job advertisements and direct approaches to final year students are the most common ways for recruitment. Diversified professional and management careers are not yet established. Recruiting strategies that are successful in ISB - such as active scouting and use of social media - should be evaluated for visceral surgery, as well as diversified career models.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Kinderchirurgie, Universitätsmedizin, Göttingen, Deutschland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Homayounfar
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Kinderchirurgie, Universitätsmedizin, Göttingen, Deutschland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: König
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Kinderchirurgie, Universitätsmedizin, Göttingen, Deutschland.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rabe
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Deutschland.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Beck-Broichsitter
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Nuklearmedizin, Molekulare Bilddiagnostik und Therapie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Deutschland.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lützen
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Kinderchirurgie, Universitätsmedizin, Göttingen, Deutschland.
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Ghadimi
authors.affiliation: Vorstand, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Deutschland.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D002321:Career Choice; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate; D006801:Humans; D007221:Industry; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D010560:Personnel Selection / Q000379:methods*; D058996:Quality Improvement; D061108:Social Media; D013043:Specialties, Surgical / Q000193:education*; D013192:Staff Development / Q000379:methods*; D013503:Surgery Department, Hospital; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D014781:Viscera / Q000601:surgery*