title: Chromosome aberrations induced by zebularine in triticale.
abstract: Chromosome engineering is an important approach for generating wheat germplasm. Efficient development of chromosome aberrations will facilitate the introgression and application of alien genes in wheat. In this study, zebularine, a DNA methylation transferase inhibitor, was successfully used to induce chromosome aberrations in the octoploid triticale cultivar Jinghui#1. Dry seeds were soaked in zebularine solutions (250, 500, and 750 μmol/L) for 24 h, and the 500 μmol/L treatment was tested in three additional treatment times, i.e., 12, 36, and 48 h. All treatments induced aberrations involving wheat and rye chromosomes. Of the 920 cells observed in 67 M1 plants, 340 (37.0%) carried 817 aberrations with an average of 0.89 aberrations per cell (range: 0-12). The aberrations included probable deletions, telosomes and acentric fragments (49.0%), large segmental translocations (28.9%), small segmental translocations (17.1%), intercalary translocations (2.6%), long chromosomes that could carry more than one centromere (2.0%), and ring chromosomes (0.5%). Of 510 M2 plants analyzed, 110 (21.6%) were found to carry stable aberrations. Such aberrations included 79 with varied rye chromosome numbers, 7 with wheat and rye chromosome translocations, 15 with possible rye telosomes/deletions, and 9 with complex aberrations involving variation in rye chromosome number and wheat-rye translocations. These indicated that aberrations induced by zebularine can be steadily transmitted, suggesting that zebularine is a new efficient agent for chromosome manipulation.
authors.affiliation: a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, JCIC-MCP, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Xuhui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, JCIC-MCP, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, JCIC-MCP, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Yanzhi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, JCIC-MCP, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Jieyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, JCIC-MCP, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, JCIC-MCP, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.affiliation: a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, JCIC-MCP, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Tengxiao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, JCIC-MCP, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Lifang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.affiliation: b Monsanto Company, 21120 Hwy 30, Filer, ID 83328, USA.
authors.forename: Chenggen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: c Crop Breeding Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seong-Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: d Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Hamasaka, Tottori 680-0001, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsujimoto
authors.affiliation: a State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, JCIC-MCP, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Zengjun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qi
mesh_terms: D002503:Centromere; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000187:drug effects*; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000187:drug effects*; D003562:Cytidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000187:drug effects; D018745:Genome, Plant; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D000066889:Triticale / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D003562:Cytidine; C009131:pyrimidin-2-one beta-ribofuranoside
keywords: DMSO; aberration chromosomique; chromosome aberration; methylation; méthylation; triticale; zebularine; zébularine