title: [Echocardiographic features of sinus of Valsalva aneurysm extending into left ventricle].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe image features of sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) extending into left ventricle by echocardiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Echocardiographic features of 5 cases of SVA extending into left ventricle and underwent surgery at Union Hospital from July 1995 to September 2015 were reviewed retrospectively and image and surgical findings were compared. A total of 4 patients were diagnosed by conventional and 3D echocardiography before surgery, and 1 patient was diagnosed by conventional echocardiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The origin, extending position, rupture status, complications of the SVA and associated cardiovascular lesions determined by echocardiography were entirely consistent with surgical findings in all cases, with the exception of one failed diagnosis of hypoplasty of an adjacent aortic cusp. Besides the common features of SVA, echocardiographic features of SVA extending into left ventricle included a thin-walled saccular lesion arising from the aortic root in continuation with the aortic annulus, with significant morphological changes and movement. Moreover, following features were observed: very low origin of the saccular lesion arising between the sinus base and the aortic annulus; the aneurysm going back and forth between the aortic root and the left ventricular outflow tract in 4 cases with an intact interventricular septum, and between the left ventricle and the right ventricle through the septal defect in another case complicated by a huge ventricular septal defect; diastolic shunt into the left ventricle when ruptured; displacement of the adjacent aortic annulus due to compression of aneurismal origin and prolapse of both aortic valve and annulus observed in all cases, resulting in a severe aortic regurgitation; obstructions of the left ventricular outflow tract due to the space-occupying effect were also found in 2 cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SVA extending into left ventricle has distinguished echocardiographic characteristics, which could be accurately diagnosed either by conventional or real-time 3D echocardiography.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasonography, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Y L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: M X
authors.initials: MX
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: X F
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lyu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D001014:Aortic Aneurysm / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001022:Aortic Valve Insufficiency; D004452:Echocardiography; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012850:Sinus of Valsalva / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D054088:Ventricular Septum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology