title: Erinacine A-enriched Hericium erinaceus mycelium ameliorates Alzheimer's disease-related pathologies in APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus has been demonstrated to possess anti-dementia activity in mouse model of Alzheimer's disease and people with mild cognitive impairment. However, the therapeutic potential of Hericium erinaceus mycelia on Alzheimer's disease remains unclear. In this study, the effects of erinacine A-enriched Hericium erinaceus mycelia (HE-My) on the pathological changes in APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease are studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a 30 day oral administration to 5 month-old female APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice, we found that HE-My and its ethanol extracts (HE-Et) attenuated cerebral Aβ plaque burden. It's worth noting that the attenuated portion of a plaque is the non-compact structure. The level of insulin-degrading enzyme was elevated by both HE-My and HE-Et in cerebral cortex. On the other hand, the number of plaque-activated microglia and astrocytes in cerebral cortex and hippocampus were diminished, the ratio of nerve growth factor (NGF) to NGF precursor (proNGF) was increased and hippocampal neurogenesis was promoted after these administrations. All the mentioned benefits of these administrations may therefore improve the declined activity of daily living skill in APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results highlight the therapeutic potential of HE-My and HE-Et on Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, the effective components of HE-My and HE-Et are worth to be developed to become a therapeutic drug for Alzheimer's disease.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biopharmaceutical Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tzeng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsai-Teng
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Center, Grape King Bio Ltd. Chung-Li, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chin-Chu
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Center, Grape King Bio Ltd. Chung-Li, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li-Ya
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Center, Grape King Bio Ltd. Chung-Li, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wan-Ping
authors.affiliation: National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chung-Kuang
authors.affiliation: National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chien-Chang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biopharmaceutical Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Huang F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Chi-Ying
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Department of Nursing, HungKuang University, Taichung, 433, Taiwan, Republic of China. ccchen@sunrise.hk.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chien-Chih
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biopharmaceutical Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, Republic of China. yshiao@nricm.edu.tw.|National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, Republic of China. yshiao@nricm.edu.tw.|Ph.D Program for the Clinical Drug Discovery from Botanical Herbs, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan, Republic of China. yshiao@nricm.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Young-Ji
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Shiao
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000737:chemistry*; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D025282:Mycelium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D004224:Diterpenes; C000595639:erinacine A
keywords: APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice; Alzheimer’s disease; Amyloid β; Erinacine A-enriched Hericium erinaceus mycelia; Insulin-degrading enzyme; Neurogenesis