title: [Evaluation of chlorine dioxide concentrations needed to effectively control contamination by Legionella spp in hospital hot water distribution systems].
abstract: This aim of the study was to identify effective levels of ClO2 for control of Legionella spp. contamination in the hot water (45-55 °C.) distribution system of a 579-bed hospital in Ravenna (Italy). Overall, 663 hot water samples were collected from the hospital's sinks and shower taps and were analyzed. Trend line analysis, which describes the trend in the number of positive samples collected according to disinfectant concentration, shows that the lowest number of positive samples was achieved with concentrations of ClO2 between 0.22 and 0, 32 mg /l.
authors.affiliation: Direzione medica Ospedale Santa Maria delle Croci di Ravenna, Italia.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fusaroli
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche , Università di Ferrara, Italia.
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ravaioli
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche , Università di Ferrara, Italia.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gabutti
authors.affiliation: Ufficio Qualità Azienda AUSL della Romagna, Italia.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caroli
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche , Università di Ferrara, Italia.
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stefanati
mesh_terms: D017606:Chlorine Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000517:prevention & control; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods; D006761:Hospitals / Q000592:standards*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D007875:Legionella / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D007876:Legionellosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D010087:Oxides / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014871:Water Microbiology / Q000592:standards*; D014881:Water Supply / Q000592:standards*
chemical_list: D017606:Chlorine Compounds; D004202:Disinfectants; D010087:Oxides; C025109:chlorine dioxide