title: Using epigenetic networks for the analysis of movement associated with levodopa therapy for Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Levodopa is a drug that is commonly used to treat movement disorders associated with Parkinson's disease. Its dosage requires careful monitoring, since the required amount changes over time, and excess dosage can lead to muscle spasms known as levodopa-induced dyskinesia. In this work, we investigate the potential for using epiNet, a novel artificial gene regulatory network, as a classifier for monitoring accelerometry time series data collected from patients undergoing levodopa therapy. We also consider how dynamical analysis of epiNet classifiers and their transitions between different states can highlight clinically useful information which is not available through more conventional data mining techniques. The results show that epiNet is capable of discriminating between different movement patterns which are indicative of either insufficient or excessive levodopa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK. Electronic address: alexander.turner@york.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Alexander P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.affiliation: School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK. Electronic address: m.lones@hw.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lones
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK. Electronic address: martin.trefzer@york.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Martin A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Trefzer
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK. Electronic address: stephen.smith@york.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Stephen L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust Leeds, West Yorkshire LS1 3EX, UK. Electronic address: stuart.jamieson1@nhs.net.
authors.forename: Stuart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jamieson
authors.affiliation: Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust Leeds, West Yorkshire LS1 3EX, UK. Electronic address: Jane.Alty@hyms.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Jane E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Alty
authors.affiliation: Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust Leeds, West Yorkshire LS1 3EX, UK. Electronic address: jezcos@doctors.net.uk.
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cosgrove
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK. Electronic address: andy.tyrrell@york.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Andy M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Tyrrell
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D057225:Data Mining / Q000379:methods; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D057890:Epigenomics; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009068:Movement; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D007980:Levodopa
keywords: Artificial gene regulatory networks; Classification; Epigenetics; Parkinson's disease; epiNet