title: Depression, anxiety, and tobacco use: Overlapping impediments to sleep in a national sample of college students.
abstract: To examine how tobacco use and depression/anxiety disorders are related to disturbed sleep in college students.
  
  
  
  85,138 undergraduate respondents (66.3% female, 74.5% white, non-Hispanic, ages 18-25) from the Spring 2011 American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment II database.
  
  
  
  Multivariate analyses of tobacco use (none, intermediate, daily) and mental health (diagnosed and/or symptomatic depression or anxiety) were used to predict sleep disturbance.
  
  
  
  Daily tobacco use was associated with more sleep problems than binge drinking, illegal drug use, obesity, gender, and working >20 hours/week. Students with depression or anxiety reported more sleep disturbances than individuals without either disorder, and tobacco use in this population was associated with the most sleep problems.
  
  
  
  Tobacco use and depression/anxiety disorders are both independently associated with more sleep problems in college students. Students with depression and/or anxiety are more likely to be daily tobacco users, which likely exacerbates their sleep problems.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , University of St. Thomas , St. Paul , Minnesota , USA.
authors.forename: Matthew A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Boehm
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , University of St. Thomas , St. Paul , Minnesota , USA.
authors.forename: Quinmill M
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: b Mayo Clinic , Rochester , Minnesota , USA.
authors.forename: Robin M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychology , University of St. Thomas , St. Paul , Minnesota , USA.
authors.forename: J Roxanne
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Prichard
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D012890:Sleep; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology; D064424:Tobacco Use / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Anxiety; college students; depression; insomnia; sleep; tobacco