title: Synthesis and Antioxidant Properties of Novel Memantine Derivatives.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Medicinal chemistry methodologies are presently used to develop multifunctional molecules which simultaneously reduce oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, metal dyshomeostasis, and neuroinflammation that characterize neuropathological conditions, such as Alzheimer's Disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Memantine (MEM) derivatives 1-6 were designed and synthesized as novel multifunctional entities with antioxidant and neuroprotective capabilities to manage neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's Disease. In vitro neuroprotective studies were performed by using astroglial GL15 cell line to assess antioxidant capability of MEM derivatives 1-6.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our outcomes showed that compounds 1 and 5 (at the concentration of 10 μM), containing as antioxidant portion residues of N-acetyl-Cys-OH and N-acetyl-Cys(Allyl)-OH, respectively, revealed a significant neuroprotective activity against oxidative stress, as assessed by NBT assays.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy.
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fornasari
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marinelli
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Stefano
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy.
authors.forename: Piera
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eusepi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy.|Department of MolecularBiology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Turkez
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy.
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fulle
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy.
authors.forename: Ester S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Di Filippo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy.|Dompé farmaceutici S.p.A., Via Campo di Pile, 67100 L'aquila (AQ), Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scarabeo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy.|Dompé farmaceutici S.p.A., Via Campo di Pile, 67100 L'aquila (AQ), Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Di Nicola
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy.
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cacciatore
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008559:Memantine / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D008559:Memantine
keywords: Alzheimer's disease; MEM; NMDA antagonist; S-Allylcysteine; cysteine derivatives; neuroprotective