title: In Vivo Examination of Mouse APOBEC3- and Human APOBEC3A- and APOBEC3G-Mediated Restriction of Parvovirus and Herpesvirus Infection in Mouse Models.
abstract: APOBEC3 knockout and human APOBEC3A and -3G transgenic mice were tested for their ability to be infected by the herpesviruses herpes simplex virus 1 and murine herpesvirus 68 and the parvovirus minute virus of mice (MVM). Knockout, APOBEC3A and APOBEC3G transgenic, and wild-type mice were equally infected by the herpesviruses, while APOBEC3A but not mouse APOBEC3 conferred resistance to MVM. No viruses showed evidence of cytidine deamination by mouse or human APOBEC3s. These data suggest that in vitro studies implicating APOBEC3 proteins in virus resistance may not reflect their role in vivo
  
  
  
  It is well established that APOBEC3 proteins in different species are a critical component of the host antiretroviral defense. Whether these proteins also function to inhibit other viruses is not clear. There have been a number of in vitro studies suggesting that different APOBEC3 proteins restrict herpesviruses and parvoviruses, among others, but whether they also work in vivo has not been demonstrated. Our studies looking at the role of mouse and human APOBEC3 proteins in transgenic and knockout mouse models of viral infection suggest that these restriction factors are not broadly antiviral and demonstrate the importance of testing their activity in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Spyridon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stavrou
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blouch
authors.affiliation: Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tattersall
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA srross@uic.edu.
authors.forename: Susan R
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3094-3769
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Ross
mesh_terms: D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D060467:Disease Resistance; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008915:Minute Virus of Mice / Q000276:immunology; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018144:Rhadinovirus / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase; C121399:APOBEC3A protein, human; C464924:APOBEC3G protein, human; C503504:Apobec3 protein, mouse; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase