title: Polysaccharide utilisation loci of Bacteroidetes from two contrasting open ocean sites in the North Atlantic.
abstract: Marine Bacteroidetes have pronounced capabilities of degrading high molecular weight organic matter such as proteins and polysaccharides. Previously we reported on 76 Bacteroidetes-affiliated fosmids from the North Atlantic Ocean's boreal polar and oligotrophic subtropical provinces. Here, we report on the analysis of further 174 fosmids from the same libraries. The combined, re-assembled dataset (226 contigs; 8.8 Mbp) suggests that planktonic Bacteroidetes at the oligotrophic southern station use more peptides and bacterial and animal polysaccharides, whereas Bacteroidetes at the polar station (East-Greenland Current) use more algal and plant polysaccharides. The latter agrees with higher abundances of algae and terrigenous organic matter, including plant material, at the polar station. Results were corroborated by in-depth bioinformatic analysis of 14 polysaccharide utilisation loci from both stations, suggesting laminarin-specificity for four and specificity for sulfated xylans for two loci. In addition, one locus from the polar station supported use of non-sulfated xylans and mannans, possibly of plant origin. While peptides likely represent a prime source of carbon for Bacteroidetes in open oceans, our data suggest that as yet unstudied clades of these Bacteroidetes have a surprisingly broad capacity for polysaccharide degradation. In particular, laminarin-specific PULs seem widespread and thus must be regarded as globally important.
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institute for Marine Microbiology, Department of Molecular Ecology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Christin M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bennke
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institute for Marine Microbiology, Department of Molecular Ecology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Krüger
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institute for Marine Microbiology, Department of Molecular Ecology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Lennart
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kappelmann
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Sixing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, F-29688, Roscoff cedex, Bretagne, France.
authors.forename: Angélique
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gobet
authors.affiliation: University of Bayreuth, Biologie / Elektronenmikroskopie B1, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany.
authors.forename: Margarete
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schüler
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire pour l'Étude des Génomes, C.E.A, Institut de Génomique - Genoscope, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91057, Évry cedex, France.
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Barbe
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institute for Marine Microbiology, Department of Molecular Ecology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Bernhard M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Fuchs
authors.affiliation: Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, F-29688, Roscoff cedex, Bretagne, France.
authors.forename: Gurvan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Michel
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institute for Marine Microbiology, Department of Molecular Ecology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Hanno
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Teeling
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institute for Marine Microbiology, Department of Molecular Ecology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Rudolf I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Amann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001267:Atlantic Ocean; D041963:Bacteroidetes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006116:Greenland; D010933:Plankton / Q000378:metabolism; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides