title: Long working hours and health in Europe: Gender and welfare state differences in a context of economic crisis.
abstract: This article examines the relationship between moderately long working hours and health status in Europe. A cross-sectional study based on data from the 2010 European Working Conditions Survey (13,518 men and 9381 women) was performed. Working moderately long hours was consistently associated with poor health status and poor psychological wellbeing in countries with traditional family models, in both sexes in Liberal countries and primarily among women in Continental and Southern European countries. A combination of economic vulnerability, increasing labour market deregulation and work overload related to the combination of job and domestic work could explain these findings.
authors.affiliation: Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB-SantPau), Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: lartazco@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Lucía
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Artazcoz
authors.affiliation: Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
authors.forename: Imma
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cortès
authors.affiliation: CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Fernando G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Benavides
authors.affiliation: CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Centre for Public Health Research (Health Inequalities Area), Valencia, Spain; Nursing Department, University of Valencia, Valencian School for Health Studies, Regional Ministry of Health, Generalitat Valenciana, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Vicenta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Escribà-Agüir
authors.affiliation: Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bartoll
authors.affiliation: Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Hernán
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.affiliation: Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB-SantPau), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Carme
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Borrell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D057172:Economic Recession; D004651:Employment; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011056:Political Systems; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Europe; Family characteristics; Gender; Long working hours; Psychological; Stress