title: Identification of a Novel Enterovirus Species in Rhesus Macaque in China.
abstract: Recent studies of Enterovirus (EV) in nonhuman primates (NHPs), which could act as a source of future emerging human viral diseases, have boosted interest in the search for novel EVs. Here, a highly divergent strain of EV, tentatively named SEV-gx, was identified by viral metagenomic analysis from stool samples of rhesus macaques in China. In total, 27 of 280 (9.6%) faecal samples from rhesus macaques were positive for SEV-gx. Its complete genomic sequence is 7,367 nucleotide (nt). Genomic analyses showed that it has a standard genomic organisation for EVs, being more closely related to EV-J strains (approximately 54.0%, 43.0-44.1%, 52.3-55.2%, 61.1-62.7% and 64.0% amino acids identity in polyprotein, P1, P2 and P3 and combined 2C/3CD regions, respectively). It was also shown to have genome characteristics typical of EVs. Phylogenetic analysis of P1, 2C and 3CD aa indicated that SEV-gx can be classified as a distinct cluster in the EVs. All of this evidence demonstrates SEV-gx is a novel species (tentatively named EV-K) in the EV genus, which contributes to our understanding of the genetic diversity and evolution of EVs. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential pathogenicity of SEV-gx in NHPs and humans.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China.
authors.forename: Yuan-Yun
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Ao
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China.
authors.forename: Jie-Mei
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China.
authors.forename: Cui-Yuan
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The First affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Yun-Yun
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China.
authors.forename: Li-Li
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing 100052, China.
authors.forename: Zhao-Jun
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Duan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006801:Humans; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000821:virology*; D056186:Metagenomics; D008992:Monkey Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins