title: Long-Term Efficacy of Computerized Cognitive Training Among Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.
abstract: To investigate the long-term efficacy of computerized cognitive training in improving cognitive outcomes among childhood cancer survivors.
  
  
  
  Sixty-eight survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or brain tumor (BT) were randomly assigned to computerized cognitive intervention (23 ALL/11 BT, age = 12.21 ± 2.47) or a waitlist control group (24 ALL/10 BT, age = 11.82 ± 2.42). Cognitive assessments were completed pre-, immediately post-, and 6 months postintervention.
  
  
  
  A prior report showed training led to immediate improvement in working memory, attention and processing speed. In the current study, piecewise linear mixed effects modeling revealed that working memory and processing speed were unchanged from immediate to 6 months postintervention (intervention β  = -.04 to .01, p = .26 to .95; control β  = -.06 to .01, p = .23-.97), but group differences on an attention measure did not persist.
  
  
  
  Cognitive benefits are maintained 6 months following computerized cognitive training, adding to potential clinical utility of this intervention approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Heather M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Conklin
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Jason M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ashford
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Kellie N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Martin-Elbahesh
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychology Division, Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.|Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Kristina K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Hardy
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Merchant
authors.affiliation: Division of Translational Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Ogg
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Sima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jeha
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D013995:Time
keywords: brain tumor; computerized cognitive training; leukemia; pediatric; working memory