title: Histogram and gray level co-occurrence matrix on gray-scale ultrasound images for diagnosing lymphocytic thyroiditis.
abstract: The objective of the study was to evaluate whether texture analysis using histogram and gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) parameters can help clinicians diagnose lymphocytic thyroiditis (LT) and differentiate LT according to pathologic grade. The background thyroid pathology of 441 patients was classified into no evidence of LT, chronic LT (CLT), and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Histogram and GLCM parameters were extracted from the regions of interest on ultrasound. The diagnostic performances of the parameters for diagnosing and differentiating LT were calculated. Of the histogram and GLCM parameters, the mean on histogram had the highest Az (0.63) and VUS (0.303). As the degrees of LT increased, the mean decreased and the standard deviation and entropy increased. The mean on histogram from gray-scale ultrasound showed the best diagnostic performance as a single parameter in differentiating LT according to pathologic grade as well as in diagnosing LT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Gyung
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jaeheung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Pathology, Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyeong Ju
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Research Affairs, Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Hwa
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Research Affairs, Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Sun
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Kyung
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyunghwa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: docjin@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Jin Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kwak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D050031:Hashimoto Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Autoimmune; Diagnosis; Hashimoto disease; Histogram and gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM); Texture analysis; Thyroid diseases; Thyroiditis; Ultrasonography