title: Gender-related Differences in Inhibitory Control and Sustained Attention among Adolescents with Prenatal Cocaine Exposure.
abstract: Adolescence and prenatal cocaine exposure can impact risk-taking. In this study, we evaluated risk-taking and gender-related differences in adolescents with prenatal cocaine exposure in terms of electrophysiological correlates of inhibitory control and sustained attention. No differences related to gender were found within measures of risk-taking, or electrophysiological response relating to risk-taking. Greater responses during inhibition versus attention trials support previous studies, with boys showing the largest responses. Gender-related differences were found when comparing the trials before and after frustration was induced, with greater initial attention indices for girls in both trial types and greater sustained attention for both genders during inhibition trials and for boys during attention trials. These data suggest neural correlates of response inhibition show important gender-related differences in this population. Considering these relationships allows us to further understand underlying processes among adolescents who, as a group, tend to be more inclined toward greater risk behaviors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CTN.
authors.forename: Barbara C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Banz
authors.affiliation: Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Developmental Electrophysiology Laboratory, Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Developmental Electrophysiology Laboratory, Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT; Program for Anxiety Disorders, Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT; Center for Translational Developmental Neuroscience, Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Crowley
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CTN; Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Neuroscience and CASAColumbia, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Connecticut Mental Health Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
authors.forename: Marc N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Potenza
authors.affiliation: Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Developmental Electrophysiology Laboratory, Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT.
authors.forename: Linda C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Mayes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D003042:Cocaine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D012737:Sex Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D003042:Cocaine
keywords: Adolescent; Event-Related Potential; Prenatal Cocaine Exposure; Response Inhibition; Risk-Taking