title: Impact of Comorbidity, Race, and Marital Status in Men Referred for Prostate Biopsy with PSA >20 ng/mL: A Pilot Study in High-Risk Patients.
abstract: Objective. To assess the impact of comorbidity, race, and marital status on overall survival (OS) among men presenting for prostate biopsy with PSA >20 ng/mL. Methods. Data were reviewed from 2000 to 2012 and 78 patients were included in the cohort. We analyzed predictors of OS using a Cox proportional hazards model and the association between Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score and PCa diagnosis or high-grade cancer using logistic regression and multinomial regression models, respectively. Results. The median age of patients was 62.5 (IQR 57-73) years. Median CCI was 3 (IQR 2-4), 69% of patients were African American men, 56% of patients were married, and 85% of patients had a positive biopsy. CCI (HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.19, 1.94), PSA (HR 1.62, 95% CI 1.09, 2.42), and Gleason sum (HR 2.04, 95% CI 1.17, 3.56) were associated with OS. CCI was associated with Gleason sum 7 (OR 4.06, 95% CI 1.04, 15.89) and Gleason sum 8-10 (OR 4.52, 95% CI 1.16, 17.54) PCa. Conclusions. CCI is an independent predictor of high-grade disease and worse OS among men with PCa. Race and marital status were not significantly associated with survival in this cohort. Patient comorbidity is an important component of determining the optimal approach to management of prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Charlie Norwood Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA; Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
authors.forename: Zachary
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4997-6018
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Klaassen
authors.affiliation: Section of Surgery, Division of Urology, Durham Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Charlie Norwood Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA; Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
authors.forename: Alexander J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Tatem
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Charlie Norwood Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA; Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
authors.forename: Sherita A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: King
authors.affiliation: Section of Surgery, Division of Urology, Durham Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA; Departments of Surgery and Pathology, Division of Urology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Freedland
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Charlie Norwood Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA; Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
authors.forename: Rabii
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Madi
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Charlie Norwood Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA; Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
authors.forename: Martha K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Terris
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Charlie Norwood Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA; Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA; Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University, A-1302 Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
authors.forename: Kelvin A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Moses