title: Rapid and Non-destructive Detection and Identification of Two Strains of Wolbachia in Aedes aegypti by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.
abstract: The release of Wolbachia infected mosquitoes is likely to form a key component of disease control strategies in the near future. We investigated the potential of using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to simultaneously detect and identify two strains of Wolbachia pipientis (wMelPop and wMel) in male and female laboratory-reared Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Our aim is to find faster, cheaper alternatives for monitoring those releases than the molecular diagnostic techniques that are currently in use. Our findings indicate that NIRS can differentiate females and males infected with wMelPop from uninfected wild type samples with an accuracy of 96% (N = 299) and 87.5% (N = 377), respectively. Similarly, females and males infected with wMel were differentiated from uninfected wild type samples with accuracies of 92% (N = 352) and 89% (N = 444). NIRS could differentiate wMelPop and wMel transinfected females with an accuracy of 96.6% (N = 442) and males with an accuracy of 84.5% (N = 443). This non-destructive technique is faster than the standard polymerase chain reaction diagnostic techniques. After the purchase of a NIRS spectrometer, the technique requires little sample processing and does not consume any reagents.
authors.affiliation: Mosquito Control Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.|Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Thematic Group, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania.
authors.forename: Maggy T
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9346-2970
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Sikulu-Lord
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Thematic Group, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania.
authors.forename: Marta F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Maia
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Thematic Group, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania.
authors.forename: Masabho P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Milali
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Thematic Group, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Thematic Group, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania.
authors.forename: Gustav
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mkandawile
authors.affiliation: Mosquito Control Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Elise A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Kho
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Wirtz
authors.affiliation: Mosquito Control Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Leon E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Hugo
authors.affiliation: Stored Product Insect and Engineering Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Services, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Floyd E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Dowell
authors.affiliation: Mosquito Control Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Gregor J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Devine
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000382:microbiology*; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D008297:Male; D009032:Mosquito Control; D000072138:Mosquito Vectors / Q000382:microbiology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D020577:Wolbachia / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology