title: Infection of chicken bone marrow mononuclear cells with subgroup J avian leukosis virus inhibits dendritic cell differentiation and alters cytokine expression.
abstract: Subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J) is an oncogenic retrovirus known to induce tumor formation and immunosuppression in infected chickens. One of the organs susceptible to ALV-J is the bone marrow, from which specialized antigen-presenting cells named dendritic cells (BM-DCs) are derived. Notably, these cells possess the unique ability to induce primary immune responses. In the present study, a method of cultivating and purifying DCs from chicken bone marrow in vitro was established to investigate the effects of ALV-J infection on BM-DC differentiation or generation. The results indicated that ALV-J not only infects the chicken bone marrow mononuclear cells but also appears to inhibit the differentiation and maturation of BM-DCs and to trigger apoptosis. Moreover, substantial reductions in the mRNA expression of TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, MHCI, and MHCII and in cytokine production were detected in the surviving BM-DCs following ALV-J infection. These findings indicate that ALV-J infection disrupts the process of bone marrow mononuclear cell differentiation into BM-DCs likely via altered antigen presentation, resulting in a downstream immune response in affected chickens.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine Innovation of the Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine Innovation of the Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qianqian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine Innovation of the Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine Innovation of the Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Manman
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine Innovation of the Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jianru
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine Innovation of the Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jianjong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine Innovation of the Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: mliao@scau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccine Innovation of the Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: weishengcao@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Weisheng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001353:Avian Leukosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology*; D001354:Avian Leukosis Virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002645:Chickens / Q000821:virology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000821:virology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D009000:Monocytes / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000821:virology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
keywords: Apoptosis; Cytokines; Dendritic cell; Immunosuppression; Subgroup J avian leukosis virus