title: Development of a scale for the evaluation of patients' rights prerequisites at educational hospitals in Iran: a study using the Delphi technique.
abstract: The patients' rights status is one of the essential elements in defining norms related to the concept of clinical governance system. In addition, the patients' rights status is an important index for quality of care offered in the health care system. However, the lack of a coherent instrument makes it difficult to evaluate patients' rights status in hospitals and clinics. The aim of this study was to develop an instrument for the evaluation of patients' rights prerequisites at educational hospitals in Iran. This study was conducted using the modified Delphi technique. In this study, 36 experts in the fields of law, medicine, and professional ethics were participated. The panel of experts participated in 3 rounds. First, experts were asked to judge some pre-identified items, and then, excluded items were judged again in the second round. At the end of the third round, all of the agreed items were included in the final list to form an evaluative scale on practice of patients' rights. Experts were asked to judge a total 171 items in 3 rounds. Around 31% (n = 53) of items obtained the panel's approval to be included in the final version of the scale. The experts' opinions were collected using face-to-face interviews and electronic email during a 6-month period of data collection from October 2013 to February 2014. This study developed a 53-item scale for evaluation of patients' rights prerequisites in educational hospitals in Iran. This scale was developed in 7 areas of commitments including university education, research, supervision, process management, physical structure, organizational policy, and human resources management. This study developed an evaluative scale to assess the practice of patients' rights in educational hospitals. The items in the final version of this scale were obtained from a consensus of experts and the instrument can be used to evaluate the context and prerequisites for practice of patients' rights in Iranian educational hospitals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
authors.forename: Sanaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aazami
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
authors.forename: Mosayeb
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mozafari
keywords: Delphi technique; Patients’ rights; questionnaire design