title: The sensitivity of ultrasound screening examination in detecting heterotopic ossification following spinal cord injury.
abstract: METHODS
  Retrospective chart review.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the role of sonography in detecting heterotopic ossification (HO) following spinal cord injury (SCI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Spinal Cord Injury and Department of General and Trauma Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2003 and December 2013, 217 patients with HO of the hips met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analyses. The diagnosis of HO was carried out in all cases using our hospital protocol. Primary outcome measure was to calculate the sensitivity of ultrasound screening examination in detecting HO following SCI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The diagnosis of HO was confirmed in 217 patients after a mean interval of 64.8 days (range from 8 to 295; s.d.=40.4) via computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scan. In 193 out of 217 patients, suspicious HO signs were noted in the ultrasound screening examination (sensitivity=88.9%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of ultrasound for screening for HO in SCI patients is reliable and has a high sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Trauma Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rosteius
authors.affiliation: Institute for Epidemiology, Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.|Trauma Department, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Suero
authors.affiliation: Department of Spinal Cord Injury, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grasmücke
authors.affiliation: Department of Spinal Cord Injury, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aach
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gisevius
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Trauma Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohlmeier
authors.affiliation: Department of Spinal Cord Injury, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Meindl
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Trauma Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Schildhauer
authors.affiliation: Department of Spinal Cord Injury, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Citak
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006615:Hip / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult