title: Coagulant Activity of Water-Soluble Moringa oleifera Lectin Is Linked to Lowering of Electrical Resistance and Inhibited by Monosaccharides and Magnesium Ions.
abstract: Moringa oleifera seeds contain a water-soluble lectin [water-soluble M. oleifera lectin (WSMoL)] that has shown coagulant activity. Magnesium ions are able to interfere with the ability of this lectin to bind carbohydrates. In this study, we performed structural characterization of WSMoL and analyzed its effect on the electrical resistance of a kaolin clay suspension in both presence and absence of monosaccharides (N-acetylglucosamine, glucose, or fructose) and magnesium ions. The coagulant activity of WSMoL was monitored by measuring optical density and electrical resistance over a period of 60 min. Native WSMoL had a molecular mass of 60 kDa and exhibited anionic nature (pI 5.5). In sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), it appeared as three polypeptide bands of 30, 20, and 10 kDa. WSMoL reduced the optical density and electrical resistance of the kaolin suspension, which suggests that suspended particles are destabilized and that this is followed by formation of complexes. The coagulant activity of lectin decreased in the presence of Mg2+ions and carbohydrates at concentrations that also inhibited hemagglutinating activity. This was most likely due to conformational changes in lectin structure. Our findings suggest that the coagulant activity of WSMoL is enhanced by lowering of electrical resistance of the medium and is impaired by lectin-carbohydrate and lectin-Mg2+interactions.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kézia Santana
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: de Moura
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil.
authors.forename: Hugo Rafael Chaves
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leonardo Prezzi
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Dornelles
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luana Cassandra Breitenbach Barroso
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thiago Henrique
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Napoleão
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Danielly Lima
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil. ppaivaufpe@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Patrícia Maria Guedes
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Paiva
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D003029:Coagulants / Q000494:pharmacology; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005427:Flocculation / Q000187:drug effects; D006384:Hemagglutination / Q000187:drug effects; D007477:Ions; D037102:Lectins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009005:Monosaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029588:Moringa oleifera / Q000737:chemistry*; D011817:Rabbits; D012995:Solubility; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003029:Coagulants; D007477:Ions; D037102:Lectins; D009005:Monosaccharides; D014867:Water; D008274:Magnesium
keywords: Coagulant activity; Electric resistance; Kaolin; Lectin; Magnesium; Monosaccharides