title: Dental enamel development defects in children and adolescents with HIV infection: case-control study.
abstract: To determine the frequency of Enamel Development Defects (DDE) and associated factors in children and adolescents infected with HIV. A case-control study was conducted in HIV-infected patients (n = 52), aged 3 to 15, and a control group formed by preschool and schoolchildren (n = 104) matched according to gender, age and household income. Data on medical history, neonatal and maternal conditions were obtained. For diagnosis of enamel defects was used modified DDE Index. DDE frequency was 61.5% in the case group and 58.7% in the control group (p = 0.569). Infection of the genitourinary tract and maternal hemorrhage were factors associated with DDE in the case and control groups, respectively. An association was observed between the use of antiretroviral regimens with protease inhibitors or efavirenz and DDE in the permanent dentition. Children and adolescents HIV-infected showed a DDE frequency similar to healthy patients, but factors associated with this condition were different between the groups.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Dentistry Student, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piaui.
authors.forename: Alessandra Silva
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Pontes
authors.affiliation: Professor, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piaui.
authors.forename: Marina de Deus Moura
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Dentistry Student, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piaui.
authors.forename: Natália Silva
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.affiliation: Professor, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piaui.
authors.forename: Marcoeli Silva
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: de Moura
authors.affiliation: Professor, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piaui.
authors.forename: Lúcia de Fatima Almeida de Deus
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Moura
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001938:Brazil; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003744:Dental Enamel Hypoplasia / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
chemical_list: D011480:Protease Inhibitors
keywords: acquired immune deficiency syndrome; adolescents; antiretroviral agents; children; dental enamel