title: [Ironman Triathlon].
abstract: Every year, thousands of triathletes try to qualify for the «Ironman Hawaii» (3,8 km swimming, 180 km cycling and 42,195 km running), the World Championship of long-distance triathletes. In this overview, we present the recent findings in literature with the most important variables with an influence on Ironman triathlon performance. The most important performance-influencing factors for a fast Ironman race time for both women and men are a large training volume and a high intensity in training, a large volume being more important than a high intensity, a low percentage of body fat, an ideal age of 30–35 years, a fast personal best in the Olympic distance triathlon (1,5 km swimming, 40 km cycling and 10 km running), a fast personal best in marathon running and origin from the United States of America.
authors.affiliation: 1 Gesundheitszentrum St. Gallen, St. Gallen.|2 Institut für Hausarztmedizin, Universität Zürich.
authors.forename: Beat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Knechtle
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Physical and Cultural Education, Hellenic Army Academy, Nikaia, Greece.
authors.forename: Pantelis T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Nikolaidis
authors.affiliation: 2 Institut für Hausarztmedizin, Universität Zürich.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rosemann
authors.affiliation: 2 Institut für Hausarztmedizin, Universität Zürich.
authors.forename: Christoph A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Rüst
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001642:Bicycling; D001823:Body Composition; D003163:Competitive Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D010807:Physical Endurance; D010809:Physical Fitness; D012420:Running; D013008:Somatotypes
keywords: Geschlecht; Laufen; Radfahren; Schwimmen; course à pied; cycling; cyclisme; natation; running; sex; sexe; swimming