title: BST2 Mediates Osteoblast Differentiation via the BMP2 Signaling Pathway in Human Alveolar-Derived Bone Marrow Stromal Cells.
abstract: The molecular mechanisms controlling the differentiation of bone marrow stromal stem cells into osteoblasts remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated whether bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST2) influences differentiation toward the osteoblasts lineage. BST2 mRNA expression in human alveolar-derived bone marrow stromal cells (hAD-BMSCs) increased during differentiation into osteoblasts. hAD-BMSCs differentiation into osteoblasts and the mRNA expression of the bone-specific markers alkaline phosphatase, collagen type α 1, bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin, and osterix were reduced by BST2 knockdown using siRNA. Furthermore, BST2 knockdown in hAD-BMSCs resulted in decreased RUNX2 mRNA and protein expression. We hypothesized that BST2 is involved in differentiation of into osteoblasts via the BMP2 signaling pathway. Accordingly, we evaluated the mRNA expression levels of BMP2, BMP receptors (BMPR1 and 2), and the downstream signaling molecules SMAD1, SMAD4, and p-SMAD1/5/8 in BST2 knockdown cells. BMP2 expression following the induction of differentiation was significantly lower in BST2 knockdown cells than in cells treated with a non-targeting control siRNA. Similar results were found for the knockdown of the BMP2 receptor- BMPR1A. We also identified significantly lower expression of SMAD1, SMAD4, and p-SMAD1/5/8 in the BST2 knockdown cells than control cells. Our data provide the first evidence that BST2 is involved in the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells via the regulation of the BMP2 signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea.|Faculty of Biological Science and Institute for Biodiversity Research, College of Natural Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Hyang
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biological Science and Institute for Biodiversity Research, College of Natural Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Goo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Wonkwang Bone Regeneration Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Daejeon, Korea.|Bone Cell Biotech Inc., Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Beom-Su
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Daejeon Dental Hospital, Wonkwang University, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Pi
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Dae
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: IHBR, Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hong-In
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry, Jeonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Eui-Sic
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung-Keun
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4585-0477
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: You
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000502:physiology*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D000074010:Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C525718:BMP2 protein, human; C094572:BST2 protein, human; D000074010:Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2