title: A psychoengineering paradigm for the neurocognitive mechanisms of biofeedback and neurofeedback.
abstract: We believe that the missing keystone to design effective and efficient biofeedback and neurofeedback protocols is a comprehensive model of the mechanisms of feedback learning. In this manuscript we review the learning models in behavioral, developmental and cognitive psychology, and derive a synthetic model of the psychological perspective on biofeedback. We afterwards review the neural correlates of feedback learning mechanisms, and present a general neuroscience model of biofeedback. We subsequently show how biomedical engineering principles can be applied to design efficient feedback protocols. We finally present an integrative psychoengineering model of the feedback learning processes, and provide new guidelines for the efficient design of biofeedback and neurofeedback protocols. We identify five key properties, (1) perceptibility=can the subject perceive the biosignal?, (2) autonomy=can the subject regulate by himself?, (3) mastery=degree of control over the biosignal, (4) motivation=rewards system of the biofeedback, and (5) learnability=possibility of learning. We conclude with guidelines for the investigation and promotion of these properties in biofeedback protocols.
authors.affiliation: Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France; Laboratoire Plasticité du Cerveau, UMR 8249, ESPCI Paris Tech, PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin 75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gaume
authors.affiliation: Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France; Institut Langevin, UMR 7587, ESPCI Paris Tech, PSL Research University, 1 Rue Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vialatte
authors.affiliation: Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France; Laboratoire Plasticité du Cerveau, UMR 8249, ESPCI Paris Tech, PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin 75005 Paris, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mora-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, BP 73, 91223 Brétigny sur Orge Cedex, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ramdani
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Plasticité du Cerveau, UMR 8249, ESPCI Paris Tech, PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin 75005 Paris, France. Electronic address: francois.vialatte@espci.fr.
authors.forename: F B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Vialatte
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D058765:Neurofeedback
keywords: Biofeedback; Brain plasticity; Development; Executive function; Learning; Neurofeedback; Psychoengineering