title: Pattern of abdominal wall herniae in females: a retrospective analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gender differences are expected to influence the pattern and outcome of management of abdominal wall hernias. Some of these are left to speculations with few published articles on hernias in females.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the clinical pattern of abdominal wall hernias in females.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 5 year retrospective review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 181 female patients with 184 hernias representing 27.9% of the total number of hernia patients operated. Mean age was 41.66±24.46 years with a bimodal peak in the 1(st) and 7(th) decades. Inguinal hernia accounted for majority (50.5%) but incisional hernia predominated in the 30-49 age group, while only inguinal and umbilical hernias were seen in the first two decades (p=0.04). There was no side predilection in the cases of inguinal hernia. There were 12 (6.6%) emergency presentations, most of which occurred in the 6th decade and above and none below 30 years (p=0.02). Umbilical (4 cases) and femoral hernias (3cases) accounted for most of these cases. Incisional hernia was the commonest cause of recurrent hernias.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inguinal hernia is the commonest hernia type in females followed by incisional hernias which also accounteds for most recurrent cases. Age appears to be a risk factor for developing complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, PMB 5538, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Olalekan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Olasehinde
authors.affiliation: Department of surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, PMB 5538, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Amarachukwu C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Etonyeaku
authors.affiliation: Department of surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, PMB 5538, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Elugwaraonu A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Agbakwuru
authors.affiliation: Department of surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, PMB 5538, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Ademola O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Talabi
authors.affiliation: Department of surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, PMB 5538, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Funmilola O
authors.initials: FO
authors.lastname: Wuraola
authors.affiliation: Department of surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, PMB 5538, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Adebayo G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Tanimola
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D046449:Hernia, Abdominal / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D006550:Hernia, Femoral / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D000069290:Incisional Hernia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Female; hernia