title: Cardiac and Respiratory Disease in Aged Horses.
abstract: Respiratory and cardiac diseases are common in older horses. Advancing age is a specific risk factor for cardiac murmurs and these are more likely in males and small horses. Airway inflammation is the most common respiratory diagnosis. Recurrent airway obstruction can lead to irreversible structural change and bronchiectasis; with chronic hypoxia, right heart dysfunction and failure can develop. Valvular heart disease most often affects the aortic and/or the mitral valve. Management of comorbidity is an essential element of the therapeutic approach to cardiac and respiratory disease in older equids.
authors.affiliation: Rossdales Equine Hospital and Diagnostic Centre, Cotton End Road, Exning, Newmarket, Suffolk CB8 7NN, UK. Electronic address: celia.marr@rossdales.com.
authors.forename: Celia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Marr
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D018618:Echocardiography, Doppler, Color / Q000662:veterinary; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D006736:Horses; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D014730:Veterinary Medicine
keywords: Cardiac; Echocardiography; Electrocardiography; Recurrent airway obstruction; Respiratory; Thoracic neoplasia; Valvular disease