title: Clinical Effects of Orally Administered Lipopolysaccharide Derived from Pantoea agglomerans on Malignant Tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It has been reported that oral administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) recovers an individual's immune condition and induces the exclusion of foreign matter, inflammation and tissue repair. We orally administered LPS from the wheat symbiotic bacteria Pantoea agglomerans, which has been ingested and proven to be safe, to cancer patients. Our observation of clinical improvements resulting from this treatment are reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen cancer patients who exhibited declined small intestinal immune competence were treated between June and September, 2015. Diagnosis was based on our evaluation on small intestinal immune competence and macrophage activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The state of malignant tumors at 3 months after starting this treatment was complete recovery for 3 cases, remission for 7 cases, maintenance for 4 cases, exacerbation for 1 case and death for 1 case (total response rate=62.5%). Small intestinal immune competence and macrophage activity recovered in all cases, suggesting that oral administration of LPS contributes to disease improvement. No clear side-effects that appeared to be related to LPS intake were noted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intake of an appropriate level of Pantoea agglomerans LPS recovers small intestinal immune competence and macrophage activity, contributing to improvement of malignant tumors' therapy.
authors.affiliation: Lavita Medical Clinic, Hiradai-cho, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka, Japan atsu5426@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Atsutomo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morishima
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan Research Institute for Healthy Living, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niitsu-shi, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inagawa
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; C524847:lipopolysaccharide IP-PA1, Pantoea agglomerans
keywords: Alternative medicine; LPS; innate immunity; malignant tumor