title: O-antigen chain-length distribution in Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is regulated by oxygen availability.
abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) consists of three covalently linked domains: the lipid A, the core region and the O antigen (OAg), consisting of repeats of an oligosaccharide. Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) produces a LPS with two OAg preferred chain lengths: a long (L)-OAg controlled by WzzSE and a very long (VL)-OAg controlled by WzzfepE. In this work, we show that OAg produced by S. Enteritidis grown in E minimal medium also presented two preferred chain-lengths. However, a simultaneous and opposing change in the production of L-OAg and VL-OAg was observed in response to oxygen availability. Biochemical and genetics analyses indicate that this process is regulated by transcriptional factors Fnr and ArcA by means of controlling the transcription of genes encoding WzzSE and WzzfepE in response to oxygen availability. Thus, our results revealed a sophisticated regulatory mechanism involved in the adaptation of S. Enteritidis to one of the main environmental cues faced by this pathogen during infection.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Cecilia A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Silva-Valenzuela
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Velásquez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Johany
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peñailillo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Héctor
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Garcias-Papayani
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Pía
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tobar
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Inés
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Contreras
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Santiviago
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Electronic address: salvarez@uchile.cl.
authors.forename: Sergio A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Álvarez
mesh_terms: D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D019081:O Antigens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D058105:Polymerization; D019779:Salmonella enterica / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019081:O Antigens; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Anaerobiosis; ArcA; Fnr; Lipopolysaccharide; O antigen; Salmonella