title: Self-reported temporomandibular disorder symptoms and severity of malocclusion in prospective orthognathic-surgical patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study is to analyze the association between self-reported symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) and the severity of malocclusion in prospective orthognathic-surgical patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects consisted of 50 consecutive patients (13 males and 37 females) referred to two university clinics for assessment of orthodontic-surgical treatment need. Data considering self-reported TMD symptoms were gathered using a semi-structured diary. At the first appointment, all patients rated the importance of treatment (on a scale of 1-10) and assessed self-perceived dental appearance using a VAS scale. The scale was anchored with photographs 1 and 10 from the Aesthetic Component (AC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). Study models were assessed by an experienced orthodontic specialist using the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index and the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON). Association between the PAR and ICON scores and the number of reported symptoms was analyzed statistically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-one percent of patients reported experiencing TMD symptoms. The most prevalent symptoms were pain in the head and/or neck region and fatigue in the TMJ region. The number of symptoms was highest in the morning. Ninety percent of males and 86% of females rated the importance of treatment as high; males experiencing TMD symptoms tended to rate surgery as more important compared with males with no symptoms (p = 0.056).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this sample, the results cannot unambiguously confirm an association between self-reported symptoms of TMD and objectively defined severity of malocclusion.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, Institute of Dentistry , University of Turku , Turku , Finland ;|b Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases , Turku University Hospital , Turku , Finland ;
authors.forename: Anna-Liisa
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Svedström-Oristo
authors.affiliation: c Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku , Turku , Finland ;
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ekholm
authors.affiliation: d Department of Community Dentistry , Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku , Turku , Finland ;
authors.forename: Mimmi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tolvanen
authors.affiliation: e School of Medicine , University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland ;|f Oral and Maxillofacial Unit of Tampere University Hospital , Tampere , Finland.
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peltomäki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003753:Dental Health Surveys; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D061326:Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000628:therapy; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures; D011446:Prospective Studies; D057566:Self Report; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need; peer assessment rating; self-perception