title: Microbiological diagnosis of human papilloma virus infection.
abstract: Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading cause of sexually transmitted infection worldwide. This virus generally causes benign lesions, such as genital warts, but persistent infection may lead to cervical cancer, anal cancer, vaginal cancer, and oropharyngeal cancer, although less frequently. Cervical cancer is a severe disease with a high mortality in some countries. Screening with cytology has been very successful in the last few years, but nowadays there are numerous studies that confirm that cytology should be replaced with the detection of HPV as a first line test in population based screening. There are several commercially available FDA approved tests for screening of cervical cancer. A new strategy, based on individual detection of the high risk genotypes HPV16 and HPV18, present in 70% of cervical cancer biopsies, has been proposed by some experts, and is going to be implemented in most countries in the future.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España. Electronic address: mmateos.hrc@salud.madrid.org.
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Mateos-Lindemann
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Pontevedra, España.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pérez-Castro
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Puerta del Mar, Cádiz, España.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Iglesias
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Área de Microbiología, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Moncada, Valencia, España.
authors.forename: Maria Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Pérez-Gracia
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D005260:Female; D061809:Human Papillomavirus DNA Tests; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology*; D013048:Specimen Handling; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology; D014773:Virology / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral
keywords: Cervical cancer; Cribado; Cáncer de cuello de útero; Human papillomavirus; Human papillomavirus DNA test; Human papillomavirus screening; Prueba ADN; Virus del papiloma humano