title: Social Rhythm Therapies for Mood Disorders: an Update.
abstract: Social rhythms are patterns of habitual daily behaviors that may impact the timing of the circadian system directly or indirectly through light exposure. According to the social rhythm hypothesis of depression, depressed individuals possess a vulnerability in the circadian timing system that inhibits natural recovery after disrupting life events. Social rhythm therapies (SRTs) support the implementation of regular, daily patterns of activity in order to facilitate recovery of circadian biological processes and also to improve mood. The majority of SRT research has examined interpersonal and social rhythm therapy (IPSRT) for bipolar disorder. Recent studies have examined IPSRT in inpatient settings, using alternative modes of delivery (group, combined individual and group, internet-based applications) and with brief timeframes. New forms of SRTs are developing that target mood in individuals who have experienced specific types of stressful life events. This manuscript reviews the theoretical and biological bases of SRTs and current literature on SRT outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion Sciences, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave., P.O. Box 245209, Tucson, AZ, 85724-5209, USA. thaynes@email.arizona.edu.
authors.forename: Patricia L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Haynes
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion Sciences, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave., P.O. Box 245209, Tucson, AZ, 85724-5209, USA.
authors.forename: Devan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gengler
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, 1503 E. University Blvd., P.O. Box 210068, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kelly
mesh_terms: D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D006184:Habits; D006801:Humans; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D012919:Social Behavior
keywords: Bipolar disorder; Circadian rhythms; Depression; Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy; Sleep; Social rhythm