title: Potential application of immunoassays for simple, rapid and quantitative detections of phytoavailable neonicotinoid insecticides in cropland soils.
abstract: This study evaluated the applicability of commercially available kit-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to simple, quick, and quantitative detection for three water-extractable (phytoavailable) neonicotinoid insecticides: dinotefuran, clothianidin, and imidacloprid in soils. ELISA showed excellent analytical sensitivity for determination, but with cross-reaction to structurally related neonicotinoid analogues, which might produce false positives. To analyze insecticides in soil samples of diverse physicochemical properties, they were extracted with water. The aqueous soil extracts were assayed directly with ELISA. No matrix interference was observed without additional dilution with water. Recovery experiments for the insecticides from aqueous soil extracts spiked at 2-10 ng/mL showed good accuracy (72-126%) and precision (<16%). Kit-based ELISAs were used to estimate soil-water distribution coefficients (Kd). Values estimated using this method showed positive correlation between organic carbon contents in soil and those for evaluated insecticides. Results indicate that the evaluated kit-based ELISA has applicability for simple, quick, and reliable detection of phytoavailable insecticides in soils and for estimating Kd values in soil.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan. Electronic address: eikiw@affrc.go.jp.
authors.forename: Eiki
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyasu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Seike
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan.
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Motoki
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inao
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Otani
mesh_terms: D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000737:chemistry*; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D006146:Guanidines / Q000032:analysis; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000032:analysis; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis*; D007564:Japan; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D006146:Guanidines; D007093:Imidazoles; D007306:Insecticides; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013844:Thiazoles; C465368:dinotefuran; C480342:clothianidin; C082359:imidacloprid
keywords: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Matrix interference; Organic solvent-free analysis; Soil–water distribution coefficients; Water-based extraction