title: Immunotherapy Progress in Mismatch Repair-Deficient Colorectal Cancer and Future Therapeutic Challenges.
abstract: Initial investigations of immune-checkpoint therapy targeting Programmed cell death protein 1/programed death ligand 1 in unselected colorectal cancer (CRC) has shown limited to no activity. However, a subset of CRC, characterized by mismatch deficiency or microsatellite instability high (MSI-high), has shown robust early signals of antitumor activity with PD1 targeting. It is now clear that MSI-high CRC represents a unique molecular and immunological tumor subset. Further study and understanding of the immunological microenvironment of these tumors will be critical to continued success with immune-based approaches in MSI-high CRC. This review discusses the current biological understanding of MSI-high CRC and outlines the current and ongoing clinical trials investigating immunotherapy.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: James T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Link
authors.forename: Michael James
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Overman
mesh_terms: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D053843:DNA Mismatch Repair; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D053842:Microsatellite Instability; D009154:Mutation; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm