title: Risk factors for surgical site infection and urinary tract infection after spine surgery.
abstract: This study aimed to identify and compare risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI) and non-surgical site infections (non-SSIs), particularly urinary tract infection (UTI), after spine surgery.
  
  
  
  We retrospectively reviewed 825 patients (median age 59.0 years (range 33-70 years); 442 males) who underwent spine surgery at Kagoshima University Hospital from January 2009 to December 2014. Patient parameters were compared using the Mann-Whitney U and Fisher's exact tests. Risk factors associated with SSI and UTI were analyzed via the multiple logistic regression analysis. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
  
  
  
  SSI occurred in 14 of 825 cases (1.7 %), and non-SSI occurred in 23 of 825 cases (2.8 %). Most non-SSIs were UTIs (20 of 23 cases, 87.0 %). In the 14 patients with SSI, UTI occurred before SSI onset in one patient, and after SSI onset in two patients. UTI onset before SSI was not a risk factor for SSI. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that common risk factors for SSI and UTI were operation time (P = 0.0019 and 0.0162, respectively) and ASA classification 3 (P = 0.0132 and 0.0356, respectively). The 1 week post-operative C-reactive protein (CRP) level was a risk factor for UTI (P = 0.0299), but not for SSI (P = 0.4996).
  
  
  
  There was no relationship between SSI and symptomatic UTI after spine surgery. Risk factors for post-operative SSI and UTI were operative time and ASA classification 3; 1 week post-operative CRP was a risk factor for UTI only.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan. hiro-tom@m2.kufm.kagoshima-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tominaga
authors.affiliation: The Near-Future Locomotor Organ Medicine Creation Course (Kusunoki Kai), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Setoguchi
authors.affiliation: Medical Joint Materials, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishidou
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagano
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
authors.forename: Setsuro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komiya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013131:Spine / Q000601:surgery*; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: Infection control; Post-operative surgical site infection; Spine surgery; Urinary tract infection