title: Myostatin and carbohydrate disturbances.
abstract: Purpose/aim of the study: Myostatin is a myokine that has been shown to inhibit muscle growth and to have potentially deleterious effects on metabolism. The aim of the current study was to compare its circulating serum levels in subjects from the whole spectrum of carbohydrate disturbances leading to diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 159 age-, sex-, and BMI-matched subjects participated in the study - 50 had normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 60 had prediabetes (PreDM), and 49 had type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Oral glucose tolerance testing was used to determine glucose tolerance. Serum myostatin was quantified by means of ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Circulating serum myostatin levels were highest in patients with T2D, lower in subjects with prediabetes, and lowest in subjects with normoglycemia (all p < 0.05). Myostatin was shown to be positively associated with fasting plasma glucose, HOMA-IR, hepatic enzymes, uric acid, and FINDRISC questionnaire scores in both sexes. ROC analyses determined circulating myostatin levels to be of value for differentiating subjects with T2D (AUC = 0.72, p = 0.002 in men; AUC = 0.70, p = 0.004 in women) in the study population. After adjustment for potential confounders, in a multiple binary logistic regression model, serum myostatin added further information to traditional risk estimates in distinguishing subjects with T2D.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum myostatin levels are higher with deterioration of carbohydrate tolerance. Furthermore, circulating myostatin is positively associated with traditional biochemical estimates of poor metabolic health. These data add to evidence of the involvement of this myokine in the pathogenesis of T2D.
authors.affiliation: a Clinic of Endocrinology , University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Medical University , Sofia , Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Yavor S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Assyov
authors.affiliation: b Laboratory of Clinical Immunology , University Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Medical University , Sofia , Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Tsvetelina V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Velikova
authors.affiliation: a Clinic of Endocrinology , University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Medical University , Sofia , Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Zdravko A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Kamenov
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055435:Myostatin / Q000097:blood*; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D055435:Myostatin
keywords: Glucose metabolism; liver enzymes; myokine; myostatin; type 2 diabetes mellitus