title: Graphene/cobalt nanocarrier for hyperthermia therapy and MRI diagnosis.
abstract: Graphene/cobalt nanocomposites are promising materials for theranostic nanomedicine applications, which are defined as the ability to diagnose, provide targeted therapy and monitor the response to the therapy. In this study, the composites were synthesized via chemical method, using graphene oxide as the source material and assembling cobalt nanoparticles of 15nm over the surface of graphene sheets. Various characterization techniques were then employed to reveal the morphology, size and structure of the nanocomposites, such as X-ray diffraction analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy and ultraviolet visible spectroscopy. Using ion-coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, cobalt concentration in the nanocomposites was found to be 80%. In addition, cytotoxicity of graphene/cobalt nanocomposites were evaluated using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide or MTT assay. MTT viability assay exhibited biocompatibility to L929 mouse fibroblasts cells, under a high dose of 100μg/mL over 24h. Hyperthermia results showed the superior conversion of electromagnetic energy into heat at 350kHz frequency for 0.01 and 0.005g/L of the nanocomposites solution. The measured heat generation and energy transfer results were anticipated by the finite element analysis, conducted for the 3D structure. Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics also showed that negatively charge graphene/cobalt nanocomposites are suitable for T1-weighted imaging.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (INST), Sharif University of Technology, 1458889694, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: hatamie@sharif.edu.
authors.forename: Shadie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hatamie
authors.affiliation: Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (INST), Sharif University of Technology, 1458889694, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Mahdi
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ahadian
authors.affiliation: Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (INST), Sharif University of Technology, 1458889694, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Adel
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ghiass
authors.affiliation: Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (INST), Sharif University of Technology, 1458889694, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, 1458889694, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Azam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iraji Zad
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1417614411, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Science and Technology In Medicine (RCSTIM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1417614411, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saber
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1417614411, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Benyamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Parseh
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1417614411, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Oghabian
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1417614411, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shanehsazzadeh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003035:Cobalt / Q000737:chemistry*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D003035:Cobalt; D006108:Graphite
keywords: Cancer therapy; Graphene/cobalt nanocomposites; Hyperthermia; MRI contrast agents