title: Impact of Endoscopic Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Imaging on Superselective Intra-arterial Chemotherapy for Recurrent Cancer of the Skull Base.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  For advanced paranasal sinus cancer, intra-arterial (I-A) chemotherapy has been applied for improving prognosis and organ preservation. While computed tomographic angiography (CTA) is useful for identifying the tumor-feeding artery, CTA cannot always detect the precise artery. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of endoscopic ICG (indocyanine green) fluorescence technique during I-A chemotherapy for recurrent skull-base cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven patients with recurrent skull-base cancer were included in this study. Conventional CTA followed by ICG was administered. Additional information regarding tumor-feeding arteries attained via ICG was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of seven cases, the blood supply to the cancer was detected in three by CTA alone. By adding the endoscopic evaluation, the blood supply to the tumor was confirmed without difficulty in all cases. The information from endoscopic fluorescence imaging was helpful in making decisions concerning the administration of drugs for skull-base cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic ICG fluorescence imaging combined with I-A chemotherapy compensated for deficiencies of CTA and generated more useful information about the feeders to tumors than was previously available.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Moriyama Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan jyokoya@juntendo.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Junkichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Moriyama Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Moriyama Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shiramizu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohba
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality; D061848:Optical Imaging; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D019291:Skull Base / Q000473:pathology; D019292:Skull Base Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007208:Indocyanine Green
keywords: CT angiography; Skull-base cancer; endoscopic ICG fluorescence imaging; superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy