title: When Should ED Physicians Use an HIE? Predicting Presence of Patient Data in an HIE.
abstract: Health information exchanges (HIEs) make possible the construction of databases to characterize patients as multisystem users (MSUs), those visiting emergency departments (EDs) of more than one hospital system within a region during a 1-year period. HIE data can inform an algorithm highlighting patients for whom information is more likely to be present in the HIE, leading to a higher yield HIE experience for ED clinicians and incentivizing their adoption of HIE. Our objective was to describe patient characteristics that determine which ED patients are likely to be MSUs and therefore have information in an HIE, thereby improving the efficacy of HIE use and increasing ED clinician perception of HIE benefit.
  
  
  
  Data were extracted from a regional HIE involving four hospital systems (11 EDs) in the Charleston, South Carolina area. We used univariate and multivariable regression analyses to develop a predictive model for MSU status.
  
  
  
  Factors associated with MSUs included younger age groups, dual-payer insurance status, living in counties that are more rural, and one of at least six specific diagnoses: mental disorders; symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions; complications of pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium; diseases of the musculoskeletal system; injury and poisoning; and diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs. For patients with multiple ED visits during 1 year, 43.8% of MSUs had ≥4 visits, compared with 18.0% of non-MSUs (P < 0.0001).
  
  
  
  This predictive model accurately identified patients cared for at multiple hospital systems and can be used to increase the likelihood that time spent logging on to the HIE will be a value-added effort for emergency physicians.
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Medicine, Public Health Sciences, the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, the South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute, and the Center for Biomedical Informatics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
authors.forename: Christine Marie
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Medicine, Public Health Sciences, the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, the South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute, and the Center for Biomedical Informatics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
authors.forename: Steven Howard
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Saef
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Medicine, Public Health Sciences, the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, the South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute, and the Center for Biomedical Informatics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
authors.forename: Jingwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Medicine, Public Health Sciences, the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, the South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute, and the Center for Biomedical Informatics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
authors.forename: Zemin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Medicine, Public Health Sciences, the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, the South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute, and the Center for Biomedical Informatics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
authors.forename: Cathy L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Melvin
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Medicine, Public Health Sciences, the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, the South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute, and the Center for Biomedical Informatics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
authors.forename: Jihad S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Obeid
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Medicine, Public Health Sciences, the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, the South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute, and the Center for Biomedical Informatics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
authors.forename: Wenle
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Medicine, Public Health Sciences, the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, the South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute, and the Center for Biomedical Informatics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
authors.forename: J Christophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Arnaud
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Medicine, Public Health Sciences, the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, the South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute, and the Center for Biomedical Informatics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marsden
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Medicine, Public Health Sciences, the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, the South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute, and the Center for Biomedical Informatics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
authors.forename: Adam B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Sendor
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Medicine, Public Health Sciences, the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, the South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute, and the Center for Biomedical Informatics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lenert
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Medicine, Public Health Sciences, the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, the South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute, and the Center for Biomedical Informatics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
authors.forename: William P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Moran
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Medicine, Public Health Sciences, the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, the South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute, and the Center for Biomedical Informatics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
authors.forename: Patrick D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Mauldin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017046:Cost Savings; D057286:Electronic Health Records / Q000592:standards; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D066275:Health Information Exchange / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000069342:Medical Overuse / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008498:Medical Record Linkage / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D058996:Quality Improvement; D013022:South Carolina