title: Resistance or aerobic training decreases blood pressure and improves cardiovascular autonomic control and oxidative stress in hypertensive menopausal rats.
abstract: We investigated whether resistance training (RT) vs. aerobic training (AT) differentially impacts on arterial pressure and related mechanisms in ovariectomized spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Female SHRs were ovariectomized and assigned to one of the following groups: sedentary, AT, or RT; sham sedentary SHR were used as control group. AT was performed on a treadmill, whereas RT was performed on a vertical ladder. Both exercise protocols were performed for 8 wk, 5 days/wk. Arterial pressure, baroreflex sensitivity, autonomic modulation, and cardiac oxidative stress parameters (lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, redox balance, NADPH oxidase, and antioxidant enzymes activities) were analyzed. Ovariectomy increased mean arterial pressure (∼9 mmHg), sympathetic modulation (∼40%), and oxidative stress in sedentary rats. Both RT and AT reduced mean arterial pressure (∼20 and ∼8 mmHg, respectively) and improved baroreflex sensitivity compared with sedentary ovariectomized rats. However, RT-induced arterial pressure decrease was significantly less pronounced than AT. Lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation were decreased while antioxidant enzymes were increased in both trained groups vs. sedentaries. The reduced gluthatione was higher after AT vs. other groups, whereas oxidized gluthatione was lower after RT vs. AT. Moreover, sympathetic and parasympathetic modulations were highly correlated with cardiac oxidative stress parameters. In conclusion, both RT and AT can decrease arterial pressure in a model of hypertension and menopause; although, at different magnitudes this decrease was related to attenuated autonomic dysfunction in association with cardiac oxidative stress improvement in both exercise protocols.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: da Palma
authors.affiliation: Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and.
authors.forename: Ivana C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Moraes-Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: da Silva Dias
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Shimojo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Filipe F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Conti
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo, Brazil.|Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and.
authors.forename: Nathalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bernardes
authors.affiliation: Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and.
authors.forename: Catarina A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Barboza
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Iris C
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6195-4340
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Sanches
authors.affiliation: Physiology Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alex Sander
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: da Rosa Araújo
authors.affiliation: Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and.
authors.forename: Maria-Cláudia
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Irigoyen
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo, Brazil; prof.kangelis@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Kátia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: De Angelis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology; D017704:Baroreflex; D001794:Blood Pressure; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008593:Menopause; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000097:blood; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
keywords: aerobic training; hypertension; menopause; oxidative stress; resistance training