title: [Pneumocystosis during HIV infection].
abstract: Pneumocystosis is an opportunistic disease caused by invasion of unicellular fungus Pneumocystic jirovecii which is responsible for febrile pneumonia among patients with cellular immunodeficiency especially those HIV infected. Despite the decreasing of its incidence due to the introduction of antiretroviral therapy, as well as anti-Pneumocystis prophylaxis among these patients, Pneumocystis pneumonia remains the first AIDS-defining event and a leading cause of mortality among HIV-infected patients. The usual radiological presentation is that of diffuse interstitial pneumonia. The diagnosis is confirmed by the detection of trophozoides and/or cysts P. jirovecii in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples using several staining techniques. The use of polymerase chain reaction in the BAL samples in conjunction with standard immunofluorescent or colorimetric tests have allowed for more has allowed for more rapid and accurate diagnosis. The standard regimen of treatment is the association of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole which has been utilized as an effective treatment with a favourable recovery. Early HIV diagnosis and antiretroviral therapy should reduce the incidence of this dreaded disease.
authors.affiliation: Service des maladies infectieuses, CHU Ibn-Rochd, Casablanca, Maroc. Electronic address: elfanemouna@gmail.com.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El Fane
authors.affiliation: Service des maladies infectieuses, CHU Ibn-Rochd, Casablanca, Maroc.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sodqi
authors.affiliation: Service des maladies infectieuses, CHU Ibn-Rochd, Casablanca, Maroc.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oulad Lahsen
authors.affiliation: Service des maladies infectieuses, CHU Ibn-Rochd, Casablanca, Maroc.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chakib
authors.affiliation: Service des maladies infectieuses, CHU Ibn-Rochd, Casablanca, Maroc.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marih
authors.affiliation: Service des maladies infectieuses, CHU Ibn-Rochd, Casablanca, Maroc.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marhoum El Filali
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D045363:Pneumocystis carinii / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy
keywords: HIV infection; Infection à VIH; Pneumocystis jirovecii; Pneumocystose; Pneumocystosis