title: Effect of fish oil on glutathione redox system in multiple sclerosis.
abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory and autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Dysregulation of glutathione homeostasis and alterations in glutathione-dependent enzyme activities are implicated in the induction and progression of MS. Evidence suggests that Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of fish oil on the activity of glutathione reductase (GR), content of reduced and oxidized glutathione, and GSH/GSSG ratio in MS. 50 patients with relapsing-remitting MS were enrolled. The experimental group received orally 4 g/day of fish oil for 12 months. Fish oil supplementation resulted in a significant increase in n-3 fatty acids and a decrease n-6 fatty acids. No differences in glutathione reductase activity, content of reduced and oxidized glutathione, and GSH/GSSG ratio were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Glutathione reductase activity was not significantly different between the groups; however, fish oil supplementation resulted in smaller increase in GR compared with control group, suggesting a possible effect on antioxidant defence mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Mitocondria-Estrés Oxidativo & Patología, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) Sierra Mojada 800, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Tania E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Sorto-Gomez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Mitocondria-Estrés Oxidativo & Patología, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) Sierra Mojada 800, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Genaro G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara Guadalajara, JAL, México.
authors.forename: Fermín P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Pacheco-Moises
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Mitocondria-Estrés Oxidativo & Patología, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) Sierra Mojada 800, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Erandis D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Torres-Sanchez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Mitocondria-Estrés Oxidativo & Patología, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) Sierra Mojada 800, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Viridiana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ramirez-Ramirez
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurología, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE), Hospital de Especialidades (HE), Centro Médico de Nacional de Occidente (CMNO) IMSS, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Macias-Islas
authors.affiliation: Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
authors.forename: Alfredo Celis
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: de la Rosa
authors.affiliation: OPD Instituto Jalisciense de Cancerología SSA-Jalisco. Guadalajara, Jalisco. México.
authors.forename: Irma E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Velázquez-Brizuela
keywords: Fish oil; glutathion; multiple sclerosis