title: Pseudomonas aeruginosa in premise plumbing of large buildings.
abstract: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen that is widely occurring in the environment and is recognized for its capacity to form or join biofilms. The present review consolidates current knowledge on P. aeruginosa ecology and its implication in healthcare facilities premise plumbing. The adaptability of P. aeruginosa and its capacity to integrate the biofilm from the faucet and the drain highlight the role premise plumbing devices can play in promoting growth and persistence. A meta-analysis of P. aeruginosa prevalence in faucets (manual and electronic) and drains reveals the large variation in device positivity reported and suggest the high variability in the sampling approach and context as the main reason for this variation. The effects of the operating conditions that prevail within water distribution systems (disinfection, temperature, and hydraulic regime) on the persistence of P. aeruginosa are summarized. As a result from the review, recommendations for proactive control measures of water contamination by P. aeruginosa are presented. A better understanding of the ecology of P. aeruginosa and key influencing factors in premise plumbing are essential to identify culprit areas and implement effective control measures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.|INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bédard
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prévost
authors.affiliation: INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4609-0115
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Déziel
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D054879:Halogenation; D006268:Health Facilities; D006801:Humans; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014881:Water Supply
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants
keywords: 
  Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  ; disinfection; environmental factors; faucets; healthcare facilities; premise plumbing