title: Biocompatible nanocarriers that respond to oxidative environments via interactions between chitosan and multiple metal ions.
abstract: Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) functions as an early damage signal contributing to the oxidative stress response and can act as a trigger in smart oxidation-responsive drug delivery systems that are currently in development. Current H2O2-triggered oxidation-responsive polymeric systems are usually derived from chemical synthesis and rarely include natural polymers. Herein, we report two series of nanoparticle (NP) complexes prepared with the biopolymer chitosan (CS) and four different metal ions (Cu(2+), Ca(2+), Zn(2+), and Fe(3+)), defined as CSNPs-metal complexes (Series 1) and CS-metal complexes NPs (Series 2), which responded to oxidation by dissolving upon H2O2 exposure. Experiments examining Nile red release and H2O2-triggered degradation confirmed that both series of complexes showed better sensitivity to oxidation than the CSNPs alone. Furthermore, preliminary cytotoxicity and histological observations indicated that the two series exhibited little or no cytotoxicity and generated a mild inflammatory response. Our work provides a novel and promising strategy for developing NPs for use as intelligent oxidation-responsive systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shichang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Liye
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chenchen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Weihua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D007477:Ions; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009391:Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010316:Particle Size; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013818:Thermogravimetry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004337:Drug Carriers; D007477:Ions; D008670:Metals; D011108:Polymers; D048271:Chitosan; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide
keywords: chitosan; hydrogen peroxide; metal complexes; nanoparticles; oxidation-responsive system