title: Protective effect of Tremella fuciformis Berk extract on LPS-induced acute inflammation via inhibition of the NF-κB and MAPK pathways.
abstract: Tremella fuciformis Berk (TFB) has long been used as a traditional medicine in Asia. Although TFB exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, the mechanisms of action responsible have remained unknown. We confirmed the anti-inflammatory effects of Tremella fuciformis Berk extract (TFE) in RAW 264.7 cells and observed significantly suppressed LPS-induced iNOS/NO and COX-2/PGE2 production. TFE also suppressed LPS-induced IKK, IkB, and p65 phosphorylation, as well as LPS-induced translocation of p65 from the cytosol. Additionally, TFE inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of MAPKs. In an acute inflammation study, oral administration of TFE significantly inhibited LPS-induced IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α production and iNOS and COX-2 expression. The major bioactive compounds from TFB extract were identified as gentisic acid, protocatechuic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and coumaric acid. Among these compounds, protocatechuic acid showed the strongest inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells. Overall, these results suggest that TFE is a promising anti-inflammatory agent that suppresses iNOS/NO and COX-2/PGE2 expression, as well as the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: Food Biotechnology Program, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jangho
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do, 463-746, Republic of Korea. hyunku@kfri.re.kr skjung@kfri.re.kr.
authors.forename: Su Jeong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.affiliation: Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do, 463-746, Republic of Korea. hyunku@kfri.re.kr skjung@kfri.re.kr.
authors.forename: Hye Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutrition and Metabolism Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do, 463-746, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min Jung
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutrition and Metabolism Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do, 463-746, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Food Biotechnology Program, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea and Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do, 463-746, Republic of Korea. hyunku@kfri.re.kr skjung@kfri.re.kr.
authors.forename: Yun Tai
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do, 463-746, Republic of Korea. hyunku@kfri.re.kr skjung@kfri.re.kr.
authors.forename: Kyung-Mo
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Food Safety Center, Ottogi Corp, Gyeonggi-do, 431-070, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do, 463-746, Republic of Korea. hyunku@kfri.re.kr skjung@kfri.re.kr.
authors.forename: Hyun Ku
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Food Biotechnology Program, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea and Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do, 463-746, Republic of Korea. hyunku@kfri.re.kr skjung@kfri.re.kr.
authors.forename: Sung Keun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000737:chemistry*; D001688:Biological Products / Q000494:pharmacology; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005841:Gentisates / Q000494:pharmacology; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000494:pharmacology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010226:Parabens / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene / Q000494:pharmacology; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D001688:Biological Products; D016207:Cytokines; D005841:Gentisates; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010226:Parabens; D020011:Protective Agents; C009091:protocatechuic acid; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C010925:2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid