title: Vibrations and spatial patterns in biomimetic surfaces: using the shark-skin effect to control blood clotting.
abstract: We study the effect of small-amplitude fast vibrations and small-amplitude spatial patterns on various systems involving wetting and liquid flow, such as superhydrophobic surfaces, membranes and flow pipes. First, we introduce a mathematical method of averaging the effect of small spatial and temporal patterns and substituting them with an effective force. Such an effective force can change the equilibrium state of a system as well as a phase state, leading to surface texture-induced and vibration-induced phase control. Vibration and patterns can effectively jam holes in vessels with liquid, separate multi-phase flow, change membrane properties, result in propulsion and locomotion and lead to many other multi-scale, nonlinear effects including the shark-skin effect. We discuss the application of such effects to blood flow for novel biomedical 'haemophobic' applications which can prevent blood clotting and thrombosis by controlling the surface pattern at a wall of a vessel (e.g. a catheter or stent).This article is part of the themed issue 'Bioinspired hierarchically structured surfaces for green science'.
authors.affiliation: College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA.
authors.forename: Rahul
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0980-3670
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramachandran
authors.affiliation: College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA.
authors.forename: Nazanin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maani
authors.affiliation: College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
authors.forename: Vitaliy L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Rayz
authors.affiliation: College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA nosonovs@uwm.edu.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nosonovsky
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000502:physiology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D008956:Models, Chemical; D012754:Sharks / Q000378:metabolism*; D033081:Shear Strength / Q000502:physiology; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry*; D062211:Spatio-Temporal Analysis; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties
keywords: blood clotting; membrane; oil–water separation; shark-skin effect; vibrations; wetting