title: Ultrasound-assisted temperature-controlled ionic liquid dispersive liquid-phase microextraction combined with reversed-phase liquid chromatography for determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water samples.
abstract: A rapid and sensitive ultrasound-assisted temperature-controlled ionic liquid (IL) dispersive liquid-phase microextraction (UTILDLPME) combined with reversed-phase liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (RPLC-UV) was developed for the determination of five organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs; azinphos-methyl, chloropyriphos, parathion-methyl, diazinon, and phosalone) in water samples. Parameters including IL type, IL volume, ionic strength, sonication time, heating/cooling temperature, centrifugal time, and speed were investigated. The extraction procedure was induced by the formation of cloudy solution, which was composed of 75 μL of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C4MIM]PF6) dispersed entirely into 5 mL sample solution with the assistance of ultrasound for 3 min and temperature at 40°C. Under optimal conditions, linearity of the five OPPs was obtained in the range of 0.09-200 ng/mL with correlation coefficients of 0.998 or more. Limits of detection and limits of quantitation ranged from 0.01 to 0.1 ng/mL and from 0.05 to 0.4 ng/mL, respectively. Compared with conventional microextraction techniques, the proposed UTILDLPME exhibited the highest extraction efficiency ranging between 90 and 98% for targeted OPPs. Furthermore, the proposed UTILDLPME/RPLC was successfully applied to different water samples (tap, well, and lake water) showing relative recoveries ranging from 96.9 to 103.2%. Therefore, UTILDLPME/RPLC-UV could be a simple, rapid, sensitive, and efficient routine technique for determination of OPPs in water.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Hassan M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Albishri
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Naflaa A M
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Aldawsari
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. deiaabdelhady@yahoo.com.|Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. deiaabdelhady@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Deia Abd
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: El-Hady
mesh_terms: D056148:Chromatography, Reverse-Phase / Q000379:methods*; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D016014:Linear Models; D059627:Liquid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods*; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013010:Sonication / Q000379:methods*; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D052578:Ionic Liquids; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water
keywords: HPLC; Ionic liquids; Microextraction; Organophosphorus pesticides; Ultrasound