title: Management of dislocated intraocular lenses with iris suture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Subluxated or malpositioned intraocular lenses (IOLs) and inadequate capsular support is a challenge for every ophthalmic surgeon. Iris suture of an IOL seems to be an easy technique for the management of dislocated 3-piece IOL, allowing the IOL to be placed behind the iris, far from the trabecular meshwork and corneal endothelium. The purpose of this study is to assess the results of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and iris suture of dislocated 3-piece acrylic IOLs.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this retrospective, nonrandomized, interventional case consecutive study, of a total of 103 dislocated IOLs, 36 eyes were considered for analysis. All 36 eyes had subluxated or totally luxated 3-piece IOL and underwent iris suture at the Ophthalmology Department of Santa Maria Hospital-North Lisbon Hospital Center, Portugal, from January 2011 until November 2015. All patients underwent 3-port 23-G PPV. The optic zone of the dislocated IOL was placed anterior to the iris with the haptics behind, in the posterior chamber. Haptics were sutured to iris followed by placement of the optics behind iris plane. Postoperative measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), IOL position, intraocular pressure, pigment dispersion, clinical signs of endothelial cell loss, and development of macular edema.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 36 eyes of 36 patients were included. All underwent successful iris fixation of dislocated 3-piece IOL. Mean overall follow-up was 15.9 months (range 3-58 months). At presentation, 16 eyes (44.4%) had a luxated IOL and 20 eyes (55.6%) a subluxated IOL. As underlying cause, 17 eyes (47.2%) had a history of complicated cataract surgery, 5 eyes (13.9%) had a traumatic dislocation of the IOL, and 6 eyes (16.7%) had a previous vitreoretinal surgery. A total of 8 eyes (22.2%) had late spontaneous IOL dislocation after uneventful cataract surgery. The mean preoperative BCVA was 1.09 ± 0.70 logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) units and mean postoperative BCVA was 0.48 ± 0.58 of logMAR units. The mean visual acuity improvement was 4.08 ± 5.33 lines on the logMAR scale. In this study, every IOL was stable at the last follow-up. As late complications, macular edema occurred in 1 patient and retinal detachment occurred in 2 patients. There were no cases of endophthalmitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Iris suture fixation of subluxated IOL is a good treatment option for eyes with dislocated IOLs, leading to long-term stability of the IOL. The advantage of this procedure is using the same IOL in a closed eye surgery. No astigmatic difference is expected as no large corneal incision is needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Santa Maria, Lisbon - Portugal.
authors.forename: Mun Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Santa Maria, Lisbon - Portugal.
authors.forename: Nuno P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Santa Maria, Lisbon - Portugal.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Canastro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D060437:Artificial Lens Implant Migration / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D004728:Endothelium, Corneal / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007498:Iris / Q000601:surgery*; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D011174:Portugal; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013536:Suture Techniques; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D014821:Vitrectomy / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate