title: [Functional genioplasty in growing patients].
abstract: Objective - To evaluate the role of age as a moderator of bone regeneration patterns and symphysis remodeling after genioplasty. Method - Fifty-four patients who underwent genioplasty at the end of their orthodontic treatment were divided into three age groups: younger than 15 years at the time of surgery (group 1), 15 to 19 years (group 2), and 20 years or older (group 3). Twenty-three patients who did not accept genioplasty and had a follow-up radiograph two years after the end of their orthodontic treatment were used as a control group. Patients were evaluated at three time points: immediate preoperative (T1), immediate postoperative (T2) and two years postsurgery (T3). Results - The mean genial advancement at surgery was similar for the three age groups, but the extent of remodeling around the repositioned chin was greater in group 1, less in group 2, and still less in group 3. Symphysis thickness increased significantly during the two-years postsurgery interval for the three groups, and this increase was significantly greater in group 1 than in group 3. Remodeling above and behind the repositioned chin also was greater in the younger patients. This was related to greater vertical growth of the dentoalveolar process in the younger patients. There was no evidence of a deleterious effect on mandibular growth. Conclusion - The outcomes of forward-upward genioplasty include increased symphysis thickness, bone apposition above B point, and remodeling at the inferior border. When indications for this type of genioplasty are recognized, early surgical correction (before age 15) produces a better outcome in terms of bone remodeling.
authors.affiliation: 10345 boulevard de l'Ormière, Québec, Qc G2B 3L2, Canada.
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chamberland
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Campus Box #7450, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7450, États-Unis.
authors.forename: William R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Proffit
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, CP 500, Trois-Rivières, Qc G9A 5H7, Canada.
authors.forename: Pier-Eric
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Chamberland
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D002680:Chin / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D063172:Genioplasty / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000379:methods; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D011627:Puberty / Q000502:physiology; D014716:Vertical Dimension; D055815:Young Adult