title: Stability Analysis of an Improved HBV Model with CTL Immune Response.
abstract: To better understand the dynamics of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, we introduce an improved HBV model with standard incidence function, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) immune response, and take into account the effect of the export of precursor CTL cells from the thymus and the role of cytolytic and noncytolytic mechanisms. The local stability of the disease-free equilibrium and the chronic infection equilibrium is obtained via characteristic equations. Furthermore, the global stability of both equilibria is established by using two techniques, the direct Lyapunov method for the disease-free equilibrium and the geometrical approach for the chronic infection equilibrium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sik, Hassan II University, P.O. Box 7955, Sidi Othman, Casablanca, Morocco.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khabouze
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sik, Hassan II University, P.O. Box 7955, Sidi Othman, Casablanca, Morocco; Centre Régional des Métiers de l'Education et de la Formation (CRMEF), Derb Ghalef, 20340 Casablanca, Morocco.
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hattaf
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sik, Hassan II University, P.O. Box 7955, Sidi Othman, Casablanca, Morocco.
authors.forename: Noura
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yousfi