title: Effects of aqueous humor hydrodynamics on human eye heat transfer under external heat sources.
abstract: The majority of the eye models developed in the late 90s and early 00s considers only heat conduction inside the eye. This assumption is not entirely correct, since the anterior and posterior chambers are filled aqueous humor (AH) that is constantly in motion due to thermally-induced buoyancy. In this paper, a three-dimensional model of the human eye is developed to investigate the effects AH hydrodynamics have on the human eye temperature under exposure to external heat sources. If the effects of AH flow are negligible, then future models can be developed without taking them into account, thus simplifying the modeling process. Two types of external thermal loads are considered; volumetric and surface irradiation. Results showed that heat convection due to AH flow contributes to nearly 95% of the total heat flow inside the anterior chamber. Moreover, the circulation inside the anterior chamber can cause an upward shift of the location of hotspot. This can have significant consequences to our understanding of heat-induced cataractogenesis.
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Kor L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Tiang
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Selangor, Malaysia; Advanced Engineering Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: ooi.ean.hin@monash.edu.
authors.forename: Ean H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Ooi
mesh_terms: D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000502:physiology*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D057446:Hydrodynamics; D008954:Models, Biological; D013499:Surface Properties
keywords: Aqueous humor; Bioheat transfer; Cataract; Natural convection; Navier–Stokes; Simulation