title: Severe, Symptomatic, Self-limited Unilateral DBS Lead Edema Following Bilateral Subthalamic Nucleus Implantation: Case Report and Review of the Literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Symptomatic edema around a deep-brain stimulation (DBS) lead is a rare complication of DBS surgery. Although this phenomenon is not fully understood, clinical presentation of DBS lead edema can be severe enough to prompt treatment. There is a paucity of literature on the clinical course and treatment of DBS lead edema.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present a 65-year-old man with Parkinson disease who developed unilateral DBS lead edema after bilateral subthalamic nucleus lead placement. Infectious, inflammatory, and ischemic causes were thoroughly investigated and ruled out. Clinical symptoms and radiographic changes all returned to normal with supportive care alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lead edema is a rare complication after DBS surgery. It is important to recognize the benign clinical course of DBS lead edema to counsel patients and avoid unnecessary treatment such as hardware removal.
authors.affiliation: Departments of *Neurological Surgery †Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.
authors.forename: Carter S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Gerard
authors.forename: Leo Verhagen
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Metman
authors.forename: Gian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pal
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karl
authors.forename: Sepehr
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sani
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000209:etiology*; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000628:therapy*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D020531:Subthalamic Nucleus / Q000601:surgery