title: Environmental Remediation and Application of Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron and Its Composites for the Removal of Heavy Metal Ions: A Review.
abstract: The presence of heavy metals in the industrial effluents has recently been a challenging issue for human health. Efficient removal of heavy metal ions from environment is one of the most important issues from biological and environmental point of view, and many studies have been devoted to investigate the environmental behavior of nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) for the removal of toxic heavy metal ions, present both in the surface and underground wastewater. The aim of this review is to show the excellent removal capacity and environmental remediation of NZVI-based materials for various heavy metal ions. A new look on NZVI-based materials (e.g., modified or matrix-supported NZVI materials) and possible interaction mechanism (e.g., adsorption, reduction and oxidation) and the latest environmental application. The effects of various environmental conditions (e.g., pH, temperature, coexisting oxy-anions and cations) and potential problems for the removal of heavy metal ions on NZVI-based materials with the DFT theoretical calculations and EXAFS technology are discussed. Research shows that NZVI-based materials have satisfactory removal capacities for heavy metal ions and play an important role in the environmental pollution cleanup. Possible improvement of NZVI-based materials and potential areas for future applications in environment remediation are also proposed.
authors.affiliation: School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, North China Electric Power University , Beijing 102206, P. R. China.|School of Chemistry, Biological and Materials Sciences, East China Institute of Technology , Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yidong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, North China Electric Power University , Beijing 102206, P. R. China.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Jiangsu, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiangxue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, North China Electric Power University , Beijing 102206, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ayub
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, North China Electric Power University , Beijing 102206, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Pengyi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry, Biological and Materials Sciences, East China Institute of Technology , Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yunhai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: NAAM Research Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alsaedi
authors.affiliation: NAAM Research Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.|Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University , Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Tasawar
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayat
authors.affiliation: School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, North China Electric Power University , Beijing 102206, P. R. China.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Jiangsu, P.R. China.|NAAM Research Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Xiangke
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation; D007477:Ions; D007501:Iron; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
chemical_list: D007477:Ions; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D007501:Iron