title: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Dendropanax morbifera Léveille extract for mouthwash and denture cleaning solution.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to analyze the antimicrobial, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of Dendropanax morbifera Léveille extract for assessing whether Dendropanax morbifera Léveille can be used for the development of natural mouthwash and denture cleaning solution.
  
  
  METHODS
  The extract was obtained from branches of Dendropanax morbifera Léveille. The solvent fractions were acquired by fractionating Dendropanax morbifera Léveille extract using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform and butanol solvent. Paper disc test was used to evaluate the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of Dendropanax morbifera Léveille extract and solvent fractions against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. The analysis of antioxidant activity was carried out through DPPH radical scavenging assay. The cytotoxicity of Dendropanax morbifera Léveille extract was analyzed through MTT assay using normal human oral keratinocytes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dendropanax morbifera Léveille extract showed antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans and especially Candida albicans. The solvent fractions of Dendropanax morbifera Léveille showed strong antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans in n-hexane and butanol solvent fraction, respectively. Dendropanax morbifera Léveille extract also showed outstanding antioxidant activity. Butanol, ethyl acetate, and chloroform solvent fraction of Dendropanax morbifera Léveille tended to have increased antioxidant activity as the concentration increased. Dendropanax morbifera Léveille extract showed high cell survival rate in cytotoxicity test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dendropanax morbifera Léveille extract turned out to have antimicrobial, antioxidant activity and cytophilicity. Based on these results, it is expected that Dendropanax morbifera Léveille is applicable as an ingredient for natural mouthwash and denture cleanser.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ryeo-Woon
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0511-4595
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Regional Innovation Center for Dental Science & Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sook-Young
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1944-1274
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Gwan
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0424-9984
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yu-Ri
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1806-3822
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mee-Kyoung
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9225-1744
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Son
keywords: Antimicrobial activity; Antioxidant activity; Cytotoxicity; Dendropanax morbifera Léveille; Denture cleaning solution