title: Outcome in Women with Traumatic Brain Injury Admitted to a Level 1 Trauma Center.
abstract: Background. The aim of this study was to compare acute outcome between men and women after sustaining a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods. A total of 5,642 patients admitted to the Traumatic Brain Injury Program of the McGill University Health Centre-Montreal General Hospital between 2000 and 2011 and diagnosed with a TBI were included in the study. The overall percentage of women with TBI was 30.6% (n = 1728). Outcome measures included the length of stay (LOS), the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE), the functional independence measure instrument (FIM), discharge destination, and mortality rate. Results. LOS, GOSE, the FIM ratings, and discharge destination did not show significant differences between genders once controlling for several confounding variables and running the appropriate diagnostic tests (P < 0.05). However, women had less chance of dying during their acute care hospitalization than men of the same age, with the same TBI severity and following the same mechanism of injury. Although gender was a statistically significant predictor, its contribution in explaining variation in mortality was small. Conclusion. More research is needed to better understand gender differences in mortality; as to date, the research findings remain inconclusive.
authors.affiliation: Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1A4; Psychology Department, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7; Traumatic Brain Injury Program, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1A4.
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Guise
authors.affiliation: Traumatic Brain Injury Program, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1A4.
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5548-8352
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: LeBlanc
authors.affiliation: Traumatic Brain Injury Program, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1A4; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1A4.
authors.forename: Jehane
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8414-6952
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dagher
authors.affiliation: Traumatic Brain Injury Program, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1A4; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1A4.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tinawi
authors.affiliation: Social and Preventive Medicine Department, University of Montreal, 7107 Avenue du Parc, Montreal, QC, Canada H3N 1X7.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4986-2504
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lamoureux
authors.affiliation: Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1A4.
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marcoux
authors.affiliation: Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1A4.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maleki
authors.affiliation: Traumatic Brain Injury Program, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1A4.
authors.forename: Mitra
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2992-1666
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feyz