title: An Actor-Partner Interdependence Model of Acquired Brain Injury Patient Impairments and Caregiver Psychosocial Functioning: A Dyadic-Report, Multinational Study.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to use actor-partner interdependence modeling (APIM) to examine the simultaneous effects of both acquired brain injury (ABI) patient and caregiver ratings of patient impairments on both patient and caregiver ratings of caregiver psychosocial dysfunction.
  
  
  
  A sample of 968 individuals with ABI and their caregivers (n = 1,936) from 4 countries completed the European Brain Injury Questionnaire, a measure of ABI impairments and caregiver psychosocial functioning in the context of providing care for the person with ABI.
  
  
  
  An APIM with all adequate or good fit indices found that patient ratings of their own impairments in the domains of social disadaptation and depression were uniquely and positively associated with patient ratings of caregiver psychosocial dysfunction, yet none of the patient ratings of their own impairments were uniquely associated with caregiver ratings of caregiver psychosocial dysfunction. Caregiver ratings of patient impairments across all 3 domains (cognition, social disadaptation, and depression) were uniquely and positively associated with caregiver ratings of caregiver psychosocial dysfunction. Yet only caregiver ratings of patient social disadaptation were uniquely and positively associated with patient ratings of caregiver psychosocial dysfunction.
  
  
  
  These findings suggest that caregivers' views of ABI patients' impairments are likely much more associated with caregiver psychosocial functioning than are patients' views of their own impairments, pointing to caregivers' interpretations of their patients' impairments as a primary target for cognitive behavioral interventions.
authors.affiliation: Virginia Commonwealth University.
authors.forename: Paul B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Perrin
authors.affiliation: A national study on young brain injury survivors, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Norup
authors.affiliation: University of Granada.
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caracuel
authors.affiliation: Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research & Care (CLAHRC) East of England.|Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge.|Oliver Zangwill Centre for Neuropsychological Rehabilitation-Cambridgeshire Community Services NHS Trust.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bateman
authors.affiliation: Center for Rehabilitation of Brain Injury-University of Copenhagen.
authors.forename: Morten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tjørnlund
authors.affiliation: BioCruces Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.|IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Arango-Lasprilla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000451:nursing* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D059026:Diagnostic Self Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015233:Models, Statistical; D012917:Social Adjustment