title: Factors Influencing Bacterial Diversity and Community Composition in Municipal Drinking Waters in the Ohio River Basin, USA.
abstract: The composition and metabolic activities of microbes in drinking water distribution systems can affect water quality and distribution system integrity. In order to understand regional variations in drinking water microbiology in the upper Ohio River watershed, the chemical and microbiological constituents of 17 municipal distribution systems were assessed. While sporadic variations were observed, the microbial diversity was generally dominated by fewer than 10 taxa, and was driven by the amount of disinfectant residual in the water. Overall, Mycobacterium spp. (Actinobacteria), MLE1-12 (phylum Cyanobacteria), Methylobacterium spp., and sphingomonads were the dominant taxa. Shifts in community composition from Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria to Firmicutes and Gammaproteobacteria were associated with higher residual chlorine. Alpha- and beta-diversity were higher in systems with higher chlorine loads, which may reflect changes in the ecological processes structuring the communities under different levels of oxidative stress. These results expand the assessment of microbial diversity in municipal distribution systems and demonstrate the value of considering ecological theory to understand the processes controlling microbial makeup. Such understanding may inform the management of municipal drinking water resources.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States of America.
authors.forename: Lee F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Stanish
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States of America.
authors.forename: Natalie M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Hull
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States of America.
authors.forename: Charles E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America.
authors.forename: J Kirk
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America.
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, United States of America.
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Spear
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States of America.
authors.forename: Norman R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Pace
mesh_terms: D020561:Alphaproteobacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D020562:Betaproteobacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000382:microbiology*; D020563:Gammaproteobacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009820:Ohio; D010802:Phylogeny; D045483:Rivers / Q000382:microbiology*; D014871:Water Microbiology; D018508:Water Purification
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water