title: Follow-up studies on genome damage in children after Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident.
abstract: As children are more susceptible to ionizing radiation than adults, each nuclear accident demands special attention and care of this vulnerable population. The Chernobyl nuclear disaster occurred in a region populated with a large number of children, but despite all efforts and expertise of nuclear specialists, it was not possible to avoid casualties. As vast regions of Ukraine, Belarus and Russia were exposed to doses of ionizing radiation, which are known to be related with different diseases, shortly after the accident medical surveillance was launched, which also included analysis of genome damage. Child population affected by internal and external radiation consisted of subjects exposed prenatally, postnatally (both evacuated and non-evacuated), born by irradiated fathers who worked as liquidators, and parents exposed environmentally. In all groups of children during the last 30 years who were exposed to doses which were significantly higher than that recommended for general population of 1 mSv per year, increased genome damage was detected. Increased genome damage includes statistically higher frequency of dicentric and ring chromosomes, chromated and chromosome breaks, acentric fragments, translocations, and micronuclei. The presence of rogue cells confirmed internal contamination. Genome instability and radiosensitivity in children was detected both in evacuated and continuously exposed children. Today the population exposed to ionizing radiation in 1986 is in reproductive period of life and follow-up of this population and their offspring is of great importance. This review aims to give insight in results of studies, which reported genome damage in children in journals without language restrictions.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c 2, Zagreb, Croatia. afucic@imi.hr.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fucic
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aghajanyan
authors.affiliation: Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo, Russian Federation.|Federal State Budget Scientific Institution, The Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kemerovo, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Druzhinin
authors.affiliation: Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo, Russian Federation.|Federal State Budget Scientific Institution, The Federal Research Center of Coal and Coal Chemistry of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kemerovo, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Varvara
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Minina
authors.affiliation: Nikiforov Russian Center Emergency and Radiation Medicine EMERCOM of Russia, St Petersburg, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Elizaveta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Neronova
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D047852:Chernobyl Nuclear Accident; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D004249:DNA Damage; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D015894:Genome, Human / Q000528:radiation effects*; D042822:Genomic Instability; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D018812:Paternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D011379:Prognosis; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D000069079:Radiation Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014455:Ukraine / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Chernobyl; Children; Genome damage; Ionizing radiation