title: Lifestyle and oral facial disorders associated with sleep bruxism in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to investigate the routine, sleep history, and orofacial disorders associated with children aged 3-7 years with nocturnal bruxism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children (n = 66) were divided into groups of parent reported nocturnal bruxism (n = 34) and those without the disorder (n = 32). Data about the child's routine during the day, during sleep and awakening, headache frequency, temporomandibular joint (TMJ), and hearing impairments were obtained through interviews with parents/caregivers. Electromyography examination was used to assess the activity of facial muscles. Multiple logistic regression (MLR), chi-square test, and t-test analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MLR revealed association of nightmares (p = 0.002; OR = 18.09) and snoring (p = 0.013; OR = 0.14) with bruxism. Variables related to awakening revealed an association with bruxism (p < 0.05). Parents of the main group (children with nocturnal bruxism) reported more complaints of orofacial pain, facial appearance, and headache occurrence (p < 0.05). Auditory and muscle disorders were not significant variables (p > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nightmares and snoring are associated with nocturnal bruxism in children. Bruxism in children elicits consequences such as headache, orofacial pain, and pain related to awakening.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.
authors.forename: Nashalie Andrade de
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Alencar
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.
authors.forename: Alline Birra Nolasco
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.
authors.forename: Margareth Maria Gomes de
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: b Institute of Public Health Studies , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.
authors.forename: Ronir Raggio
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Luiz
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.
authors.forename: Andréa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fonseca-Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucianne Cople
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Maia
mesh_terms: D002012:Bruxism / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004325:Dreams / Q000502:physiology*; D004576:Electromyography; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D012913:Snoring / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: Bruxism; Children; Electromyography; Oral facial pain; Routine; Sleep