title: Epidemiology of Chikungunya Virus in Bahia, Brazil, 2014-2015.
abstract: Chikungunya is an emerging arbovirus that is characterized into four lineages. One of these, the Asian genotype, has spread rapidly in the Americas after its introduction in the Saint Martin island in October 2013. Unexpectedly, a new lineage, the East-Central-South African genotype, was introduced from Angola in the end of May 2014 in Feira de Santana (FSA), the second largest city in Bahia state, Brazil, where over 5,500 cases have now been reported. Number weekly cases of clinically confirmed CHIKV in FSA were analysed alongside with urban district of residence of CHIKV cases reported between June 2014 and October collected from the municipality's surveillance network. The number of cases per week from June 2014 until September 2015 reveals two distinct transmission waves. The first wave ignited in June and transmission ceased by December 2014. However, a second transmission wave started in January and peaked in May 2015, 8 months after the first wave peak, and this time in phase with Dengue virus and Zika virus transmission, which ceased when minimum temperature dropped to approximately 15°C. We find that shorter travelling times from the district where the outbreak first emerged to other urban districts of FSA were strongly associated with incidence in each district in 2014 (R(2)).
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Nuno
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rodrigues Faria
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lourenço
authors.affiliation: Centre of Post-Graduation in Collective Health, Department of Health, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Erenilde
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marques de Cerqueira
authors.affiliation: Centre of Post-Graduation in Collective Health, Department of Health, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maricélia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maia de Lima
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pybus
authors.affiliation: FIOCRUZ, Laboratory of Haematology, Genetics and Computational Biology, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carlos Junior Alcantara
keywords: Chikungunya; Epidemiology and surveillance; Virus; disease outbreak