title: The role of mitochondrial DNA copy number, variants, and haplotypes in farm animal developmental outcome.
abstract: The vast majority of cellular energy is generated through the process of oxidative phosphorylation, which takes place in the electron transport chain in the mitochondria. The electron transport chain is encoded by 2 genomes, the chromosomal and the mitochondrial genomes. Mitochondrial DNA is associated with a number of traits, which include tolerance to heat, growth and physical performance, meat and milk quality, and fertility. Mitochondrial genomes can be clustered into groups known as mtDNA haplotypes. Mitochondrial DNA haplotypes are a potential genetic source for manipulating phenotypes in farm animals. The use of assisted reproductive technologies, such as nuclear transfer, allows favorable chromosomal genetic traits to be mixed and matched with sought after mtDNA haplotype traits. As a result super breeds can be generated.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Genetic Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Vic, 3168, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, 3168, Australia.
authors.forename: Tesha
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Centre for Genetic Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Vic, 3168, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, 3168, Australia. Electronic address: justin.stjohn@hudson.org.au.
authors.forename: Justin C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: St John
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D056915:DNA Copy Number Variations / Q000235:genetics*; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes; D058751:Livestock / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial
keywords: Development; Genetic diversity; Haplotype; Mitochondrial DNA; Somatic cell nuclear transfer