title: Head injury in heroes of the Civil War and its lasting influence.
abstract: The Civil War era was an age-defining period in the history of the United States of America, the effects of which are still seen in the nation today. In this era, the issue of head injury pervaded society. From the president of the United States, Abraham Lincoln, to the officers and soldiers of the Union and Confederate armies, and to the population at large, head injury and its ramifications gripped the nation. This article focuses on 3 individuals: Major General John Sedgwick, First Lieutenant Alonzo Cushing, and Harriet Tubman, as examples of the impact that head injury had during this era. These 3 individuals were chosen for this article because of their lasting legacies, contributions to society, and interesting connections to one another.
authors.affiliation: Departments of 1 Neurological Surgery.
authors.forename: Victor M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Sabourin
authors.affiliation: Departments of 1 Neurological Surgery.
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.affiliation: Departments of 1 Neurological Surgery.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mau
authors.affiliation: Departments of 1 Neurological Surgery.|Radiology, and.|Neurology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Chirag D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Gandhi
authors.affiliation: Departments of 1 Neurological Surgery.|Radiology, and.|Neurology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Charles J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Prestigiacomo
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000266:history; D047831:American Civil War; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000266:history* / Q000523:psychology; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D008489:Medical Indigency / Q000266:history; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000266:history*; D012947:Social Work / Q000266:history; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Alonzo Cushing; American Civil War; Harriet Tubman; John Sedgwick; MGH = Massachusetts General Hospital; head injury; neurosurgical history