title: Interleukin-22 is elevated in lavage from patients with lung cancer and other pulmonary diseases.
abstract: Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is involved in lung diseases such as pneumonia, asthma and lung cancer. Lavage mirrors the local environment, and may provide insights into the presence and role of IL-22 in patients.
  
  
  
  Bronchoscopic lavage (BL) samples (n = 195, including bronchoalveolar lavage and bronchial washings) were analysed for IL-22 using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical characteristics and parameters from lavage and serum were correlated with lavage IL-22 concentrations.
  
  
  
  IL-22 was higher in lavage from patients with lung disease than in controls (38.0 vs 15.3 pg/ml, p < 0.001). Patients with pneumonia and lung cancer had the highest concentrations (48.9 and 33.0 pg/ml, p = 0.009 and p < 0.001, respectively). IL-22 concentration did not correlate with systemic inflammation. IL-22 concentrations did not relate to any of the analysed cell types in BL indicating a potential mixed contribution of different cell populations to IL-22 production.
  
  
  
  Lavage IL-22 concentrations are high in patients with lung cancer but do not correlate with systemic inflammation, thus suggesting that lavage IL-22 may be related to the underlying malignancy. Our results suggest that lavage may represent a distinct compartment where the role of IL-22 in thoracic malignancies can be studied.
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine and Thoracic Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine V, Thoracic Oncology Centre Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336, Munich, Germany. amanda.tufman@med.uni-muenchen.de.|German Center for Lung Research (DZL CPC-M), Munich, Germany. amanda.tufman@med.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tufman
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine and Thoracic Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine V, Thoracic Oncology Centre Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336, Munich, Germany.|German Center for Lung Research (DZL CPC-M), Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Rudolf Maria
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Huber
authors.affiliation: Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Lindwurmstraße 2a, 80337, Munich, Germany.|German Center for Lung Research (DZL CPC-M), Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Völk
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine and Thoracic Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine V, Thoracic Oncology Centre Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aigner
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine and Thoracic Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine V, Thoracic Oncology Centre Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336, Munich, Germany.|German Center for Lung Research (DZL CPC-M), Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Edelmann
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine and Thoracic Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine V, Thoracic Oncology Centre Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336, Munich, Germany.|German Center for Lung Research (DZL CPC-M), Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gamarra
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine and Thoracic Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine V, Thoracic Oncology Centre Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336, Munich, Germany.|German Center for Lung Research (DZL CPC-M), Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Rosemarie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kiefl
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine and Thoracic Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine V, Thoracic Oncology Centre Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336, Munich, Germany.|German Center for Lung Research (DZL CPC-M), Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Kathrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kahnert
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine and Thoracic Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine V, Thoracic Oncology Centre Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336, Munich, Germany.|German Center for Lung Research (DZL CPC-M), Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Anne-Laure
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Boulesteix
authors.affiliation: Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Lindwurmstraße 2a, 80337, Munich, Germany.|German Center for Lung Research (DZL CPC-M), Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Endres
authors.affiliation: Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Lindwurmstraße 2a, 80337, Munich, Germany. sebastian.kobold@med.uni-muenchen.de.|Walter-Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany. sebastian.kobold@med.uni-muenchen.de.|German Center for Lung Research (DZL CPC-M), Munich, Germany. sebastian.kobold@med.uni-muenchen.de.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kobold
mesh_terms: D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000276:immunology*; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D000097043:Interleukin-22
chemical_list: D007378:Interleukins; D000097043:Interleukin-22
keywords: Biomarker; Bronchoalveolar lavage; Interleukin-22; Lung cancer; Pneumonia