title: Hypertension, lipoprotein subclasses and lipid transfer proteins in obese children and adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity-related childhood hypertension is associated with disturbances of serum lipids, but less is known about distribution of lipoprotein subclasses and activities of proteins involved in reverse cholesterol transport in hypertensive obese children. Our objective was to determine low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subclasses distribution and activities of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) in hypertensive and non-hypertensive obese children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 40 hypertensive and 25 non-hypertensive obese children were enrolled. Lipoprotein subclasses were assessed by polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis. LCAT and CETP activities were determined as a rate of formation and a rate of transfer of cholesteryl esters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite of comparable values of serum lipid parameters, a shift toward smaller LDL and HDL subclasses was observed in hypertensive compared to normotensive obese children. Activities of LCAT were similar, but proatherogenic CETP activities were significantly higher in the hypertensive group (p = 0.036). LCAT/net CETP ratio inversely correlated with relative proportion of small, dense LDL particles (ρ = -0.423; p = 0.025) in the group with hypertension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of our study demonstrated a tendency toward altered distribution of lipoprotein subclasses in favor of more proatherogenic particles in childhood hypertension. Also, hypertensive obese children had increased proatherogenic CETP activity.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia ;
authors.forename: Osama H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Bekhet
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia ;
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zeljkovic
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia ;
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vekic
authors.affiliation: b Nephrology Department , University Children's Hospital , Belgrade , Serbia ;
authors.forename: Dusan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Paripovic
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia ;
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Janac
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia ;
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Joksic
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia ;
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gojkovic
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia ;
authors.forename: Vesna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Spasojevic-Kalimanovska
authors.affiliation: b Nephrology Department , University Children's Hospital , Belgrade , Serbia ;|c School of Medicine , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia.
authors.forename: Amira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peco-Antic
authors.affiliation: b Nephrology Department , University Children's Hospital , Belgrade , Serbia ;
authors.forename: Gordana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Milosevski-Lomic
authors.affiliation: a Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia ;
authors.forename: Zorana
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jelic-Ivanovic
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D007862:Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C506642:CETP protein, human; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D007862:Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase
keywords: CETP; LCAT; LDL and HDL subclasses; childhood obesity; hypertension