title: Protecting Skeletal Muscle with Protein and Amino Acid during Periods of Disuse.
abstract: Habitual sedentary behavior increases risk of chronic disease, hospitalization and poor quality of life. Short-term bed rest or disuse accelerates the loss of muscle mass, function, and glucose tolerance. Optimizing nutritional practices and protein intake may reduce the consequences of disuse by preserving metabolic homeostasis and muscle mass and function. Most modes of physical inactivity have the potential to negatively impact the health of older adults more than their younger counterparts. Mechanistically, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling and muscle protein synthesis are negatively affected by disuse. This contributes to reduced muscle quality and is accompanied by impaired glucose regulation. Simply encouraging increased protein and/or energy consumption is a well-intentioned, but often impractical strategy to protect muscle health. Emerging evidence suggests that leucine supplemented meals may partially and temporarily protect skeletal muscle during disuse by preserving anabolism and mitigating reductions in mass, function and metabolic homeostasis.
authors.affiliation: Center for Rehabilitation and Physical Activity and Nutrition (CeRPAN), University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. elgalvan@utmb.edu.
authors.forename: Elfego
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Galvan
authors.affiliation: Center for Rehabilitation and Physical Activity and Nutrition (CeRPAN), University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. ejlantz@utmb.edu.|Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. ejlantz@utmb.edu.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arentson-Lantz
authors.affiliation: Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong 3125, Australia. severine.lamon@deakin.edu.au.
authors.forename: Séverine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lamon
authors.affiliation: Center for Rehabilitation and Physical Activity and Nutrition (CeRPAN), University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. djpaddon@utmb.edu.|Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. djpaddon@utmb.edu.
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Paddon-Jones
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001510:Bed Rest; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D007930:Leucine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011788:Quality of Life; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D007930:Leucine
keywords: bed rest; diet; inactivity; leucine; muscle health; muscle protein synthesis