title: Metabolic Characteristics of 16HBE and A549 Cells Exposed to Different Surface Modified Gold Nanorods.
abstract: Gold nanorods (AuNRs) have shown their great potential in cancer treatment due to their special physiochemical and optical properties, and the ease of surface modification. However, the molecular mechanism of biological effects induced by different surface modified AuNRs remains largely undetermined. Herein, this study for the first time systematically analyzed metabolic impacts of three surface modified AuNRs in cancer and noncancer cells detected by NMR and GC-FID/MS metabolomics and validated by molecular biological approach. It is found that positively and negatively charged AuNRs induce different metabolic consequences. Most importantly, it is found that the PEI-AuNRs display specific cytotoxicity to A549 cells while posing little impact on 16HBE cells. The cytotoxicity of PEI-AuNRs to A549 cells is manifested in large disruptions to the cell metabolisms, which affects energy metabolism, choline metabolism, the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway, and oxidative stress to cells. The results of this study provide comprehensive molecular information on the distinct biological effects of different surface modified AuNRs, and can be valuable in designing purpose-driven nanomaterials. Most importantly, this work highlights the potential of metabolomics coupled with molecular biological techniques in screening antitumor nanodrugs and revealing the molecular mechanism of their biological effects.
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology and Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.
authors.forename: Liming
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
authors.forename: Limin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology and Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.
authors.forename: Xiaochun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology and Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.
authors.forename: Guangjun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology and Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, 100190, China.
authors.forename: Chunying
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Biospectroscopy and Metabolomics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China. huiru_tang@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Huiru
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China. yulan.wang@wipm.ac.cn.|Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, 310058, China. yulan.wang@wipm.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Yulan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000072283:A549 Cells; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D055442:Metabolome; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D006046:Gold
keywords: biomedical applications; cancer cell; gold nanorods; metabolomics; surface modification