title: Near-infrared light treatment reduces astrogliosis in MPTP-treated monkeys.
abstract: We have reported previously that intracranial application of near-infrared light (NIr) reduces clinical signs and offers neuroprotection in a subacute MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) monkey model of Parkinson's disease. In this study, we explored whether NIr reduces the gliosis in this animal model. Sections of midbrain (containing the substantia nigra pars compacta; SNc) and striatum were processed for glial fibrillary acidic protein (to label astrocytes; GFAP) and ionised calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (to label microglia; IBA1) immunohistochemistry. Cell counts were undertaken using stereology, and cell body sizes were measured using ImageJ. Our results showed that NIr treatment reduced dramatically (~75 %) MPTP-induced astrogliosis in both the SNc and striatum. Among microglia, however, NIr had a more limited impact in both nuclei; although there was a reduction in overall cell size, there were no changes in the number of microglia in the MPTP-treated monkeys after NIr treatment. In summary, we showed that NIr treatment influenced the glial response, particularly that of the astrocytes, in our monkey MPTP model of Parkinson's disease. Our findings raise the possibility of glial cells as a future therapeutic target using NIr.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy F13, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Nabil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: El Massri
authors.affiliation: University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, CLINATEC, MINATEC Campus, 38000, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moro
authors.affiliation: University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, CLINATEC, MINATEC Campus, 38000, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Napoleon
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.affiliation: University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, CLINATEC, MINATEC Campus, 38000, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Fannie
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Darlot
authors.affiliation: University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, CLINATEC, MINATEC Campus, 38000, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Agay
authors.affiliation: University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, CLINATEC, MINATEC Campus, 38000, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chabrol
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology F13, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Daniel M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Johnstone
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology F13, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.affiliation: University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, CLINATEC, MINATEC Campus, 38000, Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Alim-Louis
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Benabid
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy F13, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia. john.mitrofanis@sydney.edu.au.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mitrofanis
mesh_terms: D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D005911:Gliosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D007259:Infrared Rays / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy; D020267:MPTP Poisoning / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008297:Male; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000633:toxicity; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C112986:AIF1 protein, human; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D009498:Neurotoxins; D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
keywords: 670 nm; Parkinson’s disease; Photobiomodulation; Striatum; Substantia nigra