title: Evaluation of the effect of some additives on the efficiency of binder liquid in wet agglomeration of crystals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Wet agglomeration is a process wherein dispersed particles are held together in an aggregated form by the presence of a small quantity of solvent which acts as binder liquid. In this work, the efficiency of binder liquid was tested in the presence of various additives.
  
  
  METHODS
  Solid state of carbamazepine (CBZ) agglomerates was characterized by DSC and FT-IR. The obtained agglomerates were also investigated in terms of yield, size distribution, friability, and drug release.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CBZ agglomerates formed only in the presence of talc, span, and croscarmellose sodium (CCS), whereas ethyl cellulose and eudragit RS100 failed to make CBZ agglomerates. The presence of talc decreased the agglomerate size and produced CBZ agglomerates with a poor strength. However, span and CCS led to larger agglomerates with superior strength. In contrast to CCS samples, span and talc altered the dissolution rate of CBZ. FT-IR results showed that there is an interaction between CCS and drug.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that care must be taken when additives are used to manufacture agglomerates as the type of additives even in low concentrations can have a big impact on the efficiency of the binder liquid in forming agglomerates thereby affecting the quality of agglomerates.
authors.affiliation: a Drug Applied Research Center and School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maghsoodi
authors.affiliation: a Drug Applied Research Center and School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran.
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nabizadeh
authors.affiliation: a Drug Applied Research Center and School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran.|b Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory , School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex , Brighton , UK.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nokhodchi
mesh_terms: D002220:Carbamazepine; D003460:Crystallization; D005079:Excipients; D012997:Solvents; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013627:Talc
chemical_list: D005079:Excipients; D012997:Solvents; D013627:Talc; D002220:Carbamazepine
keywords: Croscarmellose sodium; ethyl acetate; ethyl cellulose; eudragit RS100; span 80; talc