title: Cryptosporidium species and Cryptosporidium parvum subtypes in dairy calves and goat kids reared under traditional farming systems in Turkey.
abstract: Molecular characterizations of Cryptosporidium spp. in ruminants reared under traditional animal management systems are scarce and studies conducted thus far have revealed largely an absence of the pathogenic and zoonotic species Cryptosporidium parvum in pre-weaned animals. In this study, we examined Cryptosporidium species and subtype distribution in free-range pre-weaned dairy calves and goat kids with diarrhea. Cryptosporidium-positive specimens from pre-weaned calves on 10 farms and goat kids on 4 farms in Ankara, Balikesir, Corum, Kirikkale, and Kirsehir Provinces, Turkey were genotyped by PCR-restriction length polymorphism analysis of the small subunit rRNA gene, which identified C. parvum in 27 calves and 9 goat kids and Cryptosporidium ryanae in 1 calf. Among the C. parvum isolates successfully subtyped by DNA sequence analysis of the 60 kDa glycoprotein gene, three subtypes were detected in calves, including IIaA13G2R1 (20/23), IIdA18G1 (2/23), and IIdA20G1b (1/23), and four subtypes were detected in goat kids, including IIaA13G2R1 (3/8), IIaA15G1R1 (2/8), IIdA22G1 (2/8), and IIdA18G1 (1/8). Data of the study suggest that dairy calves reared in a traditional cow-calf system in Turkey are mainly infected with a C. parvum subtype rarely seen elsewhere, whereas goat kids are infected with diverse subtypes. As all five C. parvum subtypes found in this study are known human pathogens, pre-weaned farm animals could play a potential role in the transmission of human cryptosporidiosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Corum 19200, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aysegul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taylan-Ozkan
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale 71450, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sibel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yasa-Duru
authors.affiliation: National Parasitology Laboratory, Turkish National Public Health Agency, Ankara 16100, Turkey.
authors.forename: Selma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Usluca
authors.affiliation: Division of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
authors.forename: Colleen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lysen
authors.affiliation: Division of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
authors.forename: Jianbin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Division of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
authors.forename: Dawn M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Roellig
authors.affiliation: State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China. Electronic address: yyfeng@ecust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yaoyu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Division of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D003458:Cryptosporidium / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D016785:Cryptosporidium parvum / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003612:Dairying / Q000379:methods; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005838:Genotype; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D006041:Goats; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000662:veterinary; D014421:Turkey
chemical_list: D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal
keywords: Cattle; Cryptosporidiosis; Cryptosporidium; Genotype; Goat; Subtype; Turkey