title: Barriers for Early Detection of Cancer Amongst Urban Indian Women: A Cross Sectional Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cancer is a leading cause of death globally. Every year, millions of cancer patients could be saved from premature death and and suffering if they had timely access to early detection and treatment. There are two main components of early detection: early diagnosis and screening. In India, cancers of cervix, breast, mouth/oropharynx are the most frequent cancers in women. These cancers are amenable to early detection. More than two third of the cancer patients are already in an advanced and incurable stage at the time of diagnosis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed with the aim to know the reasons for non availment of cancer screening procedures and early diagnostic facilities.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study was planned in Sangli, Miraj and Kupwad Corporation area during October 2013 - March 2014 by a pretested questionnaire. Women of 25 years and above were study subjects selected randomly from a cluster sample of ward with estimated sample size of 559 women. Statistical analysis was done with the help of IBM SPSS 22.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nearly 74% of women said that cancer is curable. For awareness about signs and symptoms, risk factors and screening test 82.3% women scored less than 50% of total score. Only 17.7% women had awareness score more than 50%. But their attitude score was > 50% in 85.2% of women. For practice score, 24.4% women scored > 50%. Significant association was found between awareness, attitude and practice scores and education, occupation and history of cancer in family, friends and neighborhood of respondents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low awareness is the main barrier for undergoing cancer screening and early detection. There is a need of effective health education programme.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College, Sangli, India.
authors.forename: Yugantara R
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Kadam
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College, Sangli, India.
authors.forename: Sanjay R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Quraishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College, Sangli, India.
authors.forename: Randheer V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Dhoble
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College, Sangli, India.
authors.forename: Minaxi R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sawant
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College, Sangli, India.
authors.forename: Alka D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Gore
keywords: Attitude; Awareness; Early Detection of Cancer; Practice; Screening