title: BEATVIC, a body-oriented resilience training with elements of kickboxing for individuals with a psychotic disorder: study protocol of a multi-center RCT.
abstract: Individuals with a psychotic disorder are at an increased risk of becoming victim of a crime or other forms of aggression. Research has revealed several possible risk factors (e.g. impaired social cognition, aggression regulation problems, assertiveness, self-stigma, self-esteem) for victimization in patients with a psychotic disorder. To address these risk factors and prevent victimization, we developed a body-oriented resilience training with elements of kickboxing: BEATVIC. The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.
  
  
  
  Seven mental health institutions in the Netherlands will participate in this study. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the BEATVIC training or the control condition: social activation. Follow-ups are at 6, 18 and 30 months. Short term effects on risk factors for victimization will be examined, since these are direct targets of the intervention and are thought to be mediators of victimization, the primary outcome of the intervention. The effect on victimization will be investigated at follow-up. In a subgroup of patients, fMRI scans will be made before and after the intervention period in order to assess potential neural changes associated with the effects of the training.
  
  
  
  This study is the first to examine the effectiveness of an intervention targeted at victimization in psychosis. Methodological issues of the study are addressed in the discussion of this paper.
  
  
  
  Current Controlled Trials: ISRCTN21423535 . Retrospectively registered 30-03-2016.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, BCN Neuroimaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 2, 9713 AW, Groningen, The Netherlands. e.c.d.van.der.stouwe@rug.nl.|University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center of Psychiatry, Rob Giel Onderzoekcentrum, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands. e.c.d.van.der.stouwe@rug.nl.
authors.forename: Elisabeth C D
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: van der Stouwe
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bertine
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, BCN Neuroimaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 2, 9713 AW, Groningen, The Netherlands.|Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aleman
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychotic Disorders, GGZ-Drenthe, Dennenweg 9, 9404 LA, Assen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arends
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychotic Disorders, GGZ-Drenthe, Dennenweg 9, 9404 LA, Assen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Clement
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Waarheid
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychotic Disorders, GGZ-Drenthe, Dennenweg 9, 9404 LA, Assen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Aniek
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meerdink
authors.affiliation: Helmsport, Vechtstraat 72B, 9725 CW, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: van der Helm
authors.affiliation: University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center of Psychiatry, Rob Giel Onderzoekcentrum, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.|Department of Movement and Education, Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, Campus 2-6, 8017 CA, Zwolle, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jooske T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: van Busschbach
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, BCN Neuroimaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 2, 9713 AW, Groningen, The Netherlands.|University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University Center of Psychiatry, Rob Giel Onderzoekcentrum, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.|Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands.|Department of Psychotic Disorders, GGZ-Drenthe, Dennenweg 9, 9404 LA, Assen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gerdina H M
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Pijnenborg
mesh_terms: D058445:Bullying; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D003415:Crime; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009426:Netherlands; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D012107:Research Design; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D012649:Self Concept; D012919:Social Behavior
keywords: Assertiveness; Kickboxing; Neuroimaging; Nonverbal therapy; Psychomotor; Psychotic disorder; Self-esteem; Social cognition; Training; Victimization