title: A novel bioaccessibility prediction method for PAHs in soil: Composite extraction with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and extracellular polymer substances.
abstract: Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) extraction has been widely used to estimate bioaccessibility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil, but it often underestimates the actual risk due to lack of information regarding the exogenous active substances, such as extracellular polymer substance (EPS) secreted by microorganisms. In this study, a novel technique, composite extraction of HPCD each with rhamnolipid (RL), bovine serum albumin (BSA) and alginate sodium (AS), models of lipopolysaccharide, proteins and polysaccharides, was developed to assess PAHs bioaccessibility to earthworms. In addition, comparisons were conducted with accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and individual HPCD extraction. The results demonstrated that all chemical extractions were linearly correlated with earthworm accumulation, and individual HPCD extraction underestimated PAH bioaccessibility by about two times. However, the overall performances of the three composite chemical extractions (HPCD/AS, HPCD/RL, HPCD/BSA) were better than individual HPCD extraction, among which, HPCD/AS was best at estimating the earthworm accumulation (considering both correlation coefficient and fitted linear slope). Therefore, all observations implied that HPCD/AS extraction could be used as a fast and reliable method to predict PAH bioaccessibility to earthworms in contaminated soils.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Yanan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
authors.forename: Xinglun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
authors.forename: Chenggang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
authors.forename: Yongrong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
authors.forename: Daizhang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China. Electronic address: jiangxin@issas.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000073738:2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin / Q000737:chemistry*; D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000737:chemistry; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000378:metabolism*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000378:metabolism*; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D006017:Glycolipids; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C418382:rhamnolipid; D000073738:2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D020723:Glucuronic Acid
keywords: Alginate sodium; Bioaccessibility; Bovine serum albumin; Composite extraction; Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin; Rhamnolipid