title: DNA injury is acutely enhanced in response to increasing bulks of aerobic physical exercise.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate DNA damage in response to increasing bulks of aerobic physical exercise. Fifteen adult and trained athletes performed four sequential trials with increasing running distance (5-, 10-, 21- and 42-km) in different periods of the year. The γ-H2AX foci parameters were analyzed before and 3h after the end of each trial. The values of all γ-H2AX foci parameters were enhanced after the end of each trial, with values gradually increasing from the 5- to the 42-km trial. Interestingly, a minor increase of γ-H2AX foci was still evident after 5- to 10-km running, but a much higher increase occurred when the running distance exceeded 21km. The generation of DNA injury was then magnified by running up to 42-km. The increase of each γ-H2AX foci parameter was then found to be associated with both running distance and average intensity. In multivariate linear regression analysis, the running distance was significantly associated with average intensity and post-run variation in the percentage of cells with γ-H2AX foci. We can hence conclude that aerobic exercise may generate an acute DNA damage in trained athletes, which is highly dependent upon running distance and average intensity.
authors.affiliation: Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. Electronic address: giuseppe.lippi@univr.it.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lippi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University Hospital of Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: Ruggero
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Buonocore
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Cantor
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tarperi
authors.affiliation: Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montagnana
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Festa
authors.affiliation: Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Danese
authors.affiliation: Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benati
authors.affiliation: Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Gian Luca
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Salvagno
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University Hospital of Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bonaguri
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty 2, Brandenburg Technical University, Senftenberg, Germany and Medipan GmbH, Dahlewitz/Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roggenbuck
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Center for Research in Mountain, Sport and Health (CeRISM), Rovereto, Italy.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schena
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D056352:Athletes; D004249:DNA Damage; D015444:Exercise; D006657:Histones / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D012420:Running
chemical_list: C468783:H2AX protein, human; D006657:Histones
keywords: Aerobic physical exercise; DNA; Injury