title: Optimization extraction of polysaccharide from Tunisian Zizyphus lotus fruit by response surface methodology: Composition and antioxidant activity.
abstract: Response surface methodology using a Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize extraction temperature, extraction time and ratio of water to material to obtain a maximum polysaccharide yield with high uronic acid content and antioxidant property from edible Zizyphus lotus fruit. The optimal conditions were: extraction time of 3h 15min, extraction temperature of 91.2°C and water to solid ratio of 39mL/g. Under these conditions, the experimental extraction yield, uronic acid content and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging ability (IC50) were 18.88%, 41.89 and 0.518mg/mL, respectively. Chemical analysis revealed that the extract was composed of 97.92% carbohydrate of which 41.89% is uronic acid. The extracted polysaccharides, with an average molecular weight of 2720kDa, are composed of arabinose, rhamnose, glucose, fructose, galactose and xylose. Moreover, the polysaccharides exhibited a significant reducing power and anti-lipid peroxidation activities.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales (LPAM), Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj- Cédria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-lif, Tunisia; Université de Monastir, Laboratoire des Interfaces et des Matériaux Avancés (LIMA), Faculté des Sciences de Monastir, Bd. de l'environnement, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia. Electronic address: khaoulafayrouzahammi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Khaoula
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mkadmini Hammi
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des substances bioactives (LSBA), Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj- Cédria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-lif, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Majdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hammami
authors.affiliation: Normendie Université, Laboratoire de Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces (PBS), UMR 6270 & FR3038CNRS, Université de Rouen, 76821 Mon Saint Aignan, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rihouey
authors.affiliation: Normendie Université, Laboratoire de Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces (PBS), UMR 6270 & FR3038CNRS, Université de Rouen, 76821 Mon Saint Aignan, France.
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Le Cerf
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Plantes Aromatiques et Médicinales (LPAM), Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj- Cédria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam-lif, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Riadh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ksouri
authors.affiliation: Université de Monastir, Laboratoire des Interfaces et des Matériaux Avancés (LIMA), Faculté des Sciences de Monastir, Bd. de l'environnement, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia. Electronic address: hatemmajdoub.fsm@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hatem
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Majdoub
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D031957:Ziziphus / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides
keywords: Antioxidant property; Average molecular weight; Chemical analysis; Polysaccharide; Response surface methodology; Zizyphus lotus fruit