title: Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain JB-1 reverses restraint stress-induced gut dysmotility.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Environmental stress affects the gut with dysmotility being a common consequence. Although a variety of microbes or molecules may prevent the dysmotility, none reverse the dysmotility.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have used a 1 hour restraint stress mouse model to test for treatment effects of the neuroactive microbe, L. rhamnosus JB-1™. Motility of fluid-filled ex vivo gut segments in a perfusion organ bath was recorded by video and migrating motor complexes measured using spatiotemporal maps of diameter changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stress reduced jejunal and increased colonic propagating contractile cluster velocities and frequencies, while increasing contraction amplitudes for both. Luminal application of 10E8 cfu/mL JB-1 restored motor complex variables to unstressed levels within minutes of application. L. salivarius or Na.acetate had no treatment effects, while Na.butyrate partially reversed stress effects on colonic frequency and amplitude. Na.propionate reversed the stress effects for jejunum and colon except on jejunal amplitude.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings demonstrate, for the first time, a potential for certain beneficial microbes as treatment of stress-induced intestinal dysmotility and that the mechanism for restoration of function occurs within the intestine via a rapid drug-like action on the enteric nervous system.
authors.affiliation: McMaster Brain-Body Institute, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: West
authors.affiliation: McMaster Brain-Body Institute, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: R Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: McMaster Brain-Body Institute, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: McMaster Brain-Body Institute, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Stanisz
authors.affiliation: McMaster Brain-Body Institute, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: McMaster Brain-Body Institute, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: McMaster Brain-Body Institute, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: M
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2224-807X
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pasyk
authors.affiliation: McMaster Brain-Body Institute, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: K-A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: McVey Neufeld
authors.affiliation: McMaster Brain-Body Institute, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Karamat
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.affiliation: McMaster Brain-Body Institute, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.|Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.|Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bienenstock
authors.affiliation: McMaster Brain-Body Institute, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.|Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.|Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Forsythe
authors.affiliation: McMaster Brain-Body Institute, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.|Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.|Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Kunze
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D052201:Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D016065:Myoelectric Complex, Migrating / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012149:Restraint, Physical / Q000009:adverse effects; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*
keywords: 
  Lactobacillus
  ; intestine; motility; neuroactive microbe; restraint stress