title: Can hyaluronan injections augment deficient papillae at implant-supported crowns in the anterior maxilla? A randomized controlled clinical trial with 6 months follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the effect of hyaluronan (HY) injections to augment deficient interproximal papillae at implant-supported crowns in the anterior maxilla.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two patients with a deficient papilla in the anterior maxilla next to an implant-supported crown were randomly assigned to receive twice either HY (test) or saline solution (control) injection. The following parameters were recorded prior to injection (baseline) and 3 and 6 months after injection: distance between the papilla tip and contact point (PT-CP), modified papilla index score (MPIS), and standard clinical periodontal parameters. Pain level after injection was recorded on a visual analogue scale (VAS). The deficient area was evaluated on clinical photographs, and the esthetic appearance was recorded on a VAS. Differences in mucosal volume were assessed after 3 months by intraoral scans. The bone level was assessed on periapical radiographs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No differences were observed between groups, neither at baseline nor at 3 and 6 months post-treatment. Mean PT-CP ranged between 1.8 mm and 2.3 mm without significant differences between groups or over time within groups; MPIS was 2 for all patients at all time points. Similarly, insignificant differences between groups or time points were observed for deficient area, gingival volume changes, bone level, and esthetic appearance. There were no differences in pain level between groups during injection, but discomfort after injection lasted longer in the test group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Injection of HY adjacent to maxillary anterior implant-supported crowns did not result in any clinical conspicuous volume augmentation of deficient papillae.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University of Malmö, Malmö, Sweden.|Division of Oral Surgery, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bertl
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gotfredsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Simon S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.affiliation: Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Corinna
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bruckmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University of Malmö, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8161-3754
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stavropoulos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003442:Crowns; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005881:Gingiva / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006820:Hyaluronic Acid
keywords: filler; hyaluronan; implant-supported crown; mucosal tissue; papilla augmentation