title: Lack of association between genotype score and sprint/power performance in the Japanese population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to examine the association between a total genotype score (TGS) based on previously published genetic polymorphism candidates and differences in sprint/power performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control association study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analysed 21 polymorphisms, which have previously been associated with sprint/power performance and related phenotypes, in 211 Japanese sprint/power track and field athletes (77 regional, 72 national, and 62 international athletes) and 649 Japanese controls using the TaqMan SNP genotyping assay. We calculated the TGS (maximum value of 100 for the theoretically optimal polygenic score) for the 21 polymorphisms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All groups exhibited similar TGSs (control: 55.9±7.2, regional: 55.1±7.1, national: 56.1±7.4, and international: 56.0±7.8, p=0.827 by one-way analysis of variance). Nine of the 21 polymorphisms had the same direction of effect (odds ratio >1.0) as in previous studies, while 12 had the opposite direction of effect (odds ratio <1.0). Three polymorphisms (rs699 in AGT, rs41274853 in CNTFR, and rs7832552 in TRHR), which had the same direction of effect as in previous studies, were associated with international sprint/power athlete status (p<0.05). However, after multiple testing corrections, the statistical significance of these polymorphisms was not retained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that TGSs based on the 21 previously published sprint/power performance-associated polymorphisms did not influence the sprint/power athlete status of Japanese track and field athletes. However, our results maintain the possibility that three of these polymorphisms might be associated with sprint/power performance.
authors.affiliation: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan; Department of Sports and Life Science, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Eri
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Miyamoto-Mikami
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion and Exercise, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, NIBIOHN, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Law, Toyo University, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuchie
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Science, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Science, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Japan.
authors.forename: Nao
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohiwa
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion and Exercise, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, NIBIOHN, Japan.
authors.forename: Motohiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyachi
authors.affiliation: Medical Center, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Japan. Electronic address: noriyuki.fuku@nifty.com.
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fuku
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D014142:Track and Field / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Athletes; Athletic performance; Polygenic profile; Polymorphism; Track and field