title: Rapid Identification of Officinal Akebiae Caulis and Its Toxic Adulterant Aristolochiae Manshuriensis Caulis (Aristolochia manshuriensis) by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification.
abstract: Mu-tong (Akebiae Caulis) is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used as a diuretic and antiphlogistic. A common adulterant of Mu-tong is Guan-mu-tong (Aristolochiae Manshuriensis Caulis), which is derived from the stem of Aristolochia manshuriensis Komarov, and contains carcinogenic aristolochic acids. We used an alternative technique, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), to differentiate Mu-tong from Guan-mu-tong because LAMP is quick, highly sensitive, and specific. We designed a set of four common primers (G-F3, G-B3, G-FIP, and G-BIP) and a loop primer (G-LB) for LAMP based on the internal transcribed spacer 2 sequence of Ar. manshuriensis. We successfully amplified the LAMP assays and visual detection occurred within 60 min at isothermal conditions of 65°C. The LAMP reaction exhibited a tenfold increase in detection (4.22 pg/μl DNA) over conventional polymerase chain reaction demonstrating that LAMP is a useful technique to detect Guan-mu-tong. We conclude that the LAMP technique is a potentially valuable safety control method for simple and efficient discrimination of Mu-tong from its adulterant Guan-mu-tong.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing, China; College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan, China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Mingming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yuhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing, China; College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan, China.
authors.forename: Shilin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
keywords: Akebia; Aristolochia manshuriensis; internal transcribed spacers 2 (ITS2); loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP); rapid authentication; visual detection