title: Lumbar Neuroforaminal Decompression with a Flexible Microblade Shaver System: Results of a Cadaveric Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The lumbar neural foraminal stenosis still is a challenging condition in minimally invasive spine surgery. Because of the anatomic situation a complete decompression of the nerve root often leads to a subtotal facetectomy associated with potential instability and the need for additional instrumentation of the decompressed segment. The iO-Flex system was introduced to address this problem by using a minimally invasive wire-guided microblade shaver to increase the neuroforaminal space by reducing the stenosis from intraforaminal while sparing bigger parts of the facet joint. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility and the surgical and radiological success in relation to the experience of the surgeon.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed decompression of the neuroforamen in 10 lumbar levels of 2 fresh-frozen human cadavers. Before and after decompression, we obtained high-resolution computed tomography data to evaluate the diameter of the neural foramen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean foraminal width (7.88-10.94 mm, P < 0.0001) and area (123.27-149.18 mm2, P < 0.003) increased significantly after the decompression, whereas the facet joints area (131.9-107.51 mm2, P < 0.005) and width (16.4-13.75 mm, P < 0.001) indeed decreased significantly but with an overall reduction of facet joint width by 16% and facet joint area by 18%. No complications such as nerve root damages or dural tears were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The flexible micro blade shaver system is feasible with a steep learning curve and achieves sufficient decompression of the neuroforamen in this cadaveric study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma-, Orthopaedic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany; Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. Electronic address: lennartviezens@googlemail.com.
authors.forename: Lennart
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Viezens
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dreimann
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gessler
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stangenberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sven Oliver
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Eicker
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D019299:Decompression, Surgical / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D059526:Foraminotomy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D011843:Radiculopathy / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D013130:Spinal Stenosis / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D021801:Zygapophyseal Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery
keywords: Lumbar stenosis; MIS; Motion preserving; Neuroforaminal stenosis