title: Heparin-bridging therapy is associated with a high risk of post-polypectomy bleeding regardless of polyp size.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evidence regarding safety and efficacy of heparin-bridging therapy for colonoscopic polypectomy remains scarce. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the risk of post-polypectomy bleeding (PPB) in patients receiving heparin-bridging therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the database of patients who underwent colonoscopic polypectomy with prophylactic clip closure between January 2007 and December 2014 at our institution. We evaluated patients receiving heparin-bridging therapy (HB group) compared with those who did not receive antithrombotic therapy (No-HB group).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1421 polypectomies were carried out on 773 patients; 45 patients were in the HB group and 728 patients were in the No-HB group. The incidence of PPB per patient was significantly higher in the HB group (22.2% vs 1.9%, P < 0.0001), and multivariate analysis showed that heparin-bridging therapy was an independent risk factor for PPB (OR 9.80, 95% CI 4.23-22.3, P < 0.0001). In the HB group, the polyp size was not a risk factor for PPB (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.19-2.26, P = 0.55); the incidence of PPB in lesions of <10 mm and ≥10 mm in size was 14.6% and 10.2% respectively. In contrast, that was a significant risk factor in the No-HB group (OR 4.71, 95% CI 1.41-21.3, P = 0.011). Activated partial thromboplastin time and international normalized ratio were in or under the therapeutic range in the HB group when PPB occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Heparin-bridging therapy is associated with a high risk of PPB regardless of polyp size.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishigami
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maruoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Shoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Minemura
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kasamatsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katsuno
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yokosuka
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003111:Colonic Polyps / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D006493:Heparin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D006493:Heparin
keywords: anticoagulant; colonoscopic polypectomy; heparin; post-polypectomy bleeding; warfarin