title: Current status and perspectives of Clonorchis sinensis and clonorchiasis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, omics, prevention and control.
abstract: Clonorchiasis, caused by Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis), is an important food-borne parasitic disease and one of the most common zoonoses. Currently, it is estimated that more than 200 million people are at risk of C. sinensis infection, and over 15 million are infected worldwide. C. sinensis infection is closely related to cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), fibrosis and other human hepatobiliary diseases; thus, clonorchiasis is a serious public health problem in endemic areas. This article reviews the current knowledge regarding the epidemiology, disease burden and treatment of clonorchiasis as well as summarizes the techniques for detecting C. sinensis infection in humans and intermediate hosts and vaccine development against clonorchiasis. Newer data regarding the pathogenesis of clonorchiasis and the genome, transcriptome and secretome of C. sinensis are collected, thus providing perspectives for future studies. These advances in research will aid the development of innovative strategies for the prevention and control of clonorchiasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ze-Li
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China. yuhxteam@163.com.|Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China. yuhxteam@163.com.
authors.forename: Xin-Bing
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003003:Clonorchiasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D003004:Clonorchis sinensis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D059467:Transcriptome; D014612:Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015047:Zoonoses
chemical_list: D014612:Vaccines
keywords: Clonorchiasis; Clonorchis sinensis; Diagnosis; Omics; Pathogenesis; Prevention