title: A new species of flea-toad (Anura: Brachycephalidae) from southern Atlantic Forest, Brazil.
abstract: We describe a new species of Brachycephalus that is morphologically similar to the flea-toads B. didactylus, B. hermogenesi, and B. pulex. The new species occurs from the sea level up to 1000 m and it is widely distributed throughout southern Atlantic Forest. Brachycephalus sulfuratus sp. nov. is distinguished from all of its congeners by the combination of the following characters: (1) small body size (SVL of adults: 7.4-8.5 mm for males and 9.0-10.8 mm for females); (2) "leptodactyliform" body; (3) pectoral girdle arciferal and less robust compared to the Brachycephalus species with "bufoniform" body; (4) procoracoid and epicoracoid fused with coracoid but separated from the clavicle by a large fenestrae; (5) toe I externally absent; toes II, III, IV, and V distinct; phalanges of toes II and V reduced; (6) skin smooth with no dermal ossifications; (7) in life, general background color brown with small dark-brown spots; skin of throat, chest, arms, and forearms with irregular yellow blotches; in ventral view, cloacal region of alive and preserved specimens surrounded by a dark-brown inverted v-shaped mark outlined with white; (8) advertisement call long, composed of a set of 4-7 high-frequency notes (6.2-7.2 kHz) repeated regularly.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. 24-A, 1515, caixa postal 199, 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil; Email: thacondez@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Thais Helena
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Condez
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. 24-A, 1515, caixa postal 199, 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Juliane Petry De Carli
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Herpetologia, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-910, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Estevão Jasper
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Comitti
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Herpetologia, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-910, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Paulo Christiano De Anchietta
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Répteis e Anfíbios (RAN), Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio), Rua 229, 95, 74605-090, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Ivan Borel
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Amaral
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. 24-A, 1515, caixa postal 199, 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil; Email: unknown.
authors.forename: Célio Fernando Baptista
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Haddad
mesh_terms: D063147:Animal Distribution; D000825:Animal Structures / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D049628:Body Size; D001938:Brazil; D005260:Female; D065928:Forests; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D010802:Phylogeny; D014828:Vocalization, Animal