title: Biaxial flexural strength of new Bis-GMA/TEGDMA based composites with different fillers for dental applications.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the mechanical properties of the modern dental composites can be improved by using tetrapodal ZnO particles as fillers in a Bis-GMA/TEGDMA matrix. Another aim was to test whether the mechanical properties of the composite are influenced by functionalization of the ZnO particles with lauric acid to achieve antibacterial activity.
  
  
  
  Different filler materials and particle shapes (spherical zirconia, spherical zinc oxide, tetrapodal zinc oxide) were used to produce Bis-GMA/TEGDMA based composites with a filler content of 40wt.-% and 60wt.-%, respectively. In addition, functionalization with lauric acid was investigated. For the biaxial flexural strength testing 104 test disks (N=8) with a diameter of 15mm and a thickness of 1.5mm were produced.
  
  
  
  Functionalization with lauric acid resulted in a decrease in biaxial flexural strength for all filler materials. The biaxial flexural strength decreased when using a higher filler content with spherical particles but increased when using tetrapodal zinc oxide particles.
  
  
  
  A higher durability of the composites using tetrapodal zinc oxide particles. An antibacterial functionalization with lauric acid cannot be recommended as the mechanical stability of the composite will be reduced.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Germany. Electronic address: swille@proth.uni-kiel.de.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wille
authors.affiliation: Chair for Functional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Germany. Electronic address: ih@tf.uni-kiel.de.
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hölken
authors.affiliation: Chair for Functional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Germany. Electronic address: galina.haidarschin@google.com.
authors.forename: Galina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Haidarschin
authors.affiliation: Chair for Functional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Germany. Electronic address: ra@tf.uni-kiel.de.
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Adelung
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Germany. Electronic address: mkern@proth.uni-kiel.de.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kern
mesh_terms: D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D003188:Composite Resins; D008422:Materials Testing; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C020946:triethylene glycol dimethacrylate; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate
keywords: Composite resin; Dental material; Filler particles; Flexural strength; Functionalization; Lauric acid; Zinc oxide; Zirconia