title: Preliminary evidence of nutrients release from sediment in response to oxygen across benthic oxidation layer by a long-term field trial.
abstract: In aquatic ecosystems, ecological processes such as organic matter mineralization and nutrient cycling are regulated by benthic O2in sediments, and application of in situ techniques in field environments has the potential to better define the links between O2dynamics and the unique biogeochemical phenomena occurring in these regions. The effects of benthic O2on sediment nutrients release were identified on the basis of field specific observations conducted over one and a half years at Taihu Lake. Sediment dredging (SD) practices have sharply reworked the benthic boundary oxidation layer, and the oxygen penetration depth (OPD) in the SD responded as expected to the new-born surface, increasing immediately (7.5 ± 0.8 - 10.5 ± 0.6 mm) after dredging, then further increasing with an unusually high heterogeneity when a significant submersed macrophytes (SM) coverage of about 40% was implemented. Multiple correlation analysis revealed that OPD was responsible for PO43-and NH4+release. A lower benthic oxygen flux was immediately observed in dredging-related sediments in the case of dredging compared to SM or the control (CK), which suggested that oxygen demand is low in the uppermost sediments because of the degradable fresh organic carbon removal. SD and SDSM implementation was most successful at continuously reducing the size of PO43-released from sediments over one and a half years, and a significant seasonal-dependent release was also observed. The direction of flux was consistent among SD and SDSM, suggesting the potential to reduce internal PO43-release even further with the invasion of SM communities. Our results indicated that ecological engineering practices could alleviate internal nutrient loads from the contaminated bottom sediment, which was probably in positive response to benthic oxygen changes.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, 210008, China. Electronic address: guxiaozhi@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiao-Zhi
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, 210008, China.
authors.forename: Kai-Ning
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, 210008, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, 210008, China.
authors.forename: Cheng-Xin
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Fan
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D060106:Lakes / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010839:Phytoplankton / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Benthic fluxes; Benthic oxidation layer; Oxygen; Sediment dredging; Submersed macrophytes