title: High intensity focused ultrasound inhibits melanoma cell migration and metastasis through attenuating microRNA-21-mediated PTEN suppression.
abstract: High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) technology is becoming a potential noninvasive treatment for solid tumor. To explore whether HIFU can be applied to treat melanoma and its metastasis, we investigated the effect of HIFU on murine melanoma model. While there was little influence on cell survival, viability or apoptosis, HIFU exposure suppressed melanoma cell migration in vitro and metastasis in vivo. The expression of microRNA-21(miR-21) was down-regulated and PTEN expression was up-regulated in response to HIFU exposure, which was in concomitant with the reduction of AKT activity. Furthermore, ectopic miR-21 expression suppressed this effect of HIFU. These results demonstrate that HIFU exposure can inhibit AKT-mediated melanoma metastasis via miR-21 inhibition to restore PTEN expression. Therefore, targeting the miR-21/PTEN/AKT pathway might be a novel strategy of HIFU in treatment of melanoma.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Shi-Mei
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zha
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Xue-Ru
authors.initials: XR
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Ai-Fang
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Ya-Guang
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Jin-Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.|Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Tong-Chuan
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-founded by Chongqing and The Ministry of Science and Technology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-founded by Chongqing and The Ministry of Science and Technology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Chong-Yan
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-founded by Chongqing and The Ministry of Science and Technology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Fa-Qi
authors.initials: FQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Engineering in Medicine Co-founded by Chongqing and The Ministry of Science and Technology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Biao
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002465:Cell Movement; D002470:Cell Survival; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000378:metabolism*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy*; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C531950:MIRN21 microRNA, mouse; D035683:MicroRNAs; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C487757:Pten protein, mouse
keywords: High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU); PTEN; melanoma; metastasis; microRNA-21