title: Update in Critical Care 2015.
abstract: This review documents important progress made in 2015 in the field of critical care. Significant advances in 2015 included further evidence for early implementation of low tidal volume ventilation as well as new insights into the role of open lung biopsy, diaphragmatic dysfunction, and a potential mechanism for ventilator-induced fibroproliferation. New therapies, including a novel low-flow extracorporeal CO2 removal technique and mesenchymal stem cell-derived microparticles, have also been studied. Several studies examining the role of improved diagnosis and prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia also showed relevant results. This review examines articles published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine and other major journals that have made significant advances in the field of critical care in 2015.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Critical Care, St. Michael's Hospital and the Critical Illness and Injury Research Centre, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|2 Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care and.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dres
authors.affiliation: 3 Servei de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mancebo
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Critical Care, St. Michael's Hospital and the Critical Illness and Injury Research Centre, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.|2 Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care and.|4 Department of Anesthesia, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and.
authors.forename: Gerard F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Curley
mesh_terms: D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods*; D016638:Critical Illness; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000628:therapy*; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000458:organization & administration*; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000628:therapy*; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: acute respiratory failure; critical care; mechanical ventilation; sepsis