title: Quality Evaluation of Scrophulariae Radix Processed by Different 'Sweating' Methods Based on Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Bioactive Constituents Combined with Grey Relational Analysis.
abstract: Scrophulariae Radix is one of the most popular traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), which needs to be processed by 'sweating' methods. Primary processing of Scrophulariae Radix is an important link which closely relates to the quality of products in this TCM. To facilitate selection of the suitable 'sweating' processing method for Scrophulariae Radix, in this study the quality of Scrophulariae Radix processed by different 'sweating' methods was evaluated based on simultaneous determination of multiple bioactive constituents combined with grey relational analysis. The contents of iridoid glycosides, phenylpropanoid glycosides, and organic acids in Scrophulariae Radix processed by different 'sweating' methods were simultaneously determined using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS). Furthermore, grey relational analysis (GRA) was performed to evaluate the 'sweating' processed samples according to the contents of twelve constituents. All of the results demonstrated that the quality of Scrophulariae Radix processed by oven drying at 35 °C and 'sweating' for three days was better. The developed method was useful for the overall assessment on quality of Scrophulariae Radix, and this study may provide the foundation and support for 'sweating' processing of Scrophulariae Radix in normalization and standardization.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. jshmwsn@163.com.
authors.forename: Shengnan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. huayujiao1020@163.com.
authors.forename: Yujiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.affiliation: Yangzhou Institute for Drug Control, Yangzhou 225100, China. Babyjs1225@126.com.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. ggn0117@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Lisi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. liuxunh1959@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Xunhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. luoyiyuan0012@sohu.com.
authors.forename: Yiyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. liujx0516@163.com.
authors.forename: Juanxiu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. yanying93happy@sina.com.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004355:Drug Stability; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D015394:Molecular Structure; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D032266:Scrophularia / Q000737:chemistry*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal
keywords: Scrophulariae Radix; UPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS; grey relational analysis; simultaneous determination; ‘sweating’