title: Cell Models and Their Application for Studying Adipogenic Differentiation in Relation to Obesity: A Review.
abstract: Over the last several years, the increasing prevalence of obesity has favored an intense study of adipose tissue biology and the precise mechanisms involved in adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis. Adipocyte commitment and differentiation are complex processes, which can be investigated thanks to the development of diverse in vitro cell models and molecular biology techniques that allow for a better understanding of adipogenesis and adipocyte dysfunction associated with obesity. The aim of the present work was to update the different animal and human cell culture models available for studying the in vitro adipogenic differentiation process related to obesity and its co-morbidities. The main characteristics, new protocols, and applications of the cell models used to study the adipogenesis in the last five years have been extensively revised. Moreover, we depict co-cultures and three-dimensional cultures, given their utility to understand the connections between adipocytes and their surrounding cells in adipose tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jos&#233; Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain. fruizojeda@ugr.es.|Instituto de Investigaci&#243;n Biosanitaria ibs, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada 18014, Spain. fruizojeda@ugr.es.
authors.forename: Francisco Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Ojeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jos&#233; Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain. azahararuperez@ugr.es.
authors.forename: Azahara Iris
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Rupérez
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jos&#233; Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain. gomezll@ugr.es.|Instituto de Investigaci&#243;n Biosanitaria ibs, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada 18014, Spain. gomezll@ugr.es.|CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain. gomezll@ugr.es.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gomez-Llorente
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jos&#233; Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain. agil@ugr.es.|Instituto de Investigaci&#243;n Biosanitaria ibs, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada 18014, Spain. agil@ugr.es.|CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain. agil@ugr.es.
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jos&#233; Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18016, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain. caguiler@ugr.es.|Instituto de Investigaci&#243;n Biosanitaria ibs, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada 18014, Spain. caguiler@ugr.es.|CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain. caguiler@ugr.es.
authors.forename: Concepción María
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Aguilera
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: adipocytes; beige cells; brown adipose tissue; cell culture techniques; cell differentiation; in vitro techniques; obesity; white adipose tissue