title: Serum Soluble (Pro)Renin Receptor Levels in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients.
abstract: The (pro)renin receptor [(P)RR] is cleaved by furin to generate soluble (P)RR [s(P)RR], which reflects the status of the tissue renin-angiotensin system. Hemodialysis patients have advanced atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between serum s(P)RR levels and background factors, including indices of atherosclerosis, in hemodialysis patients. Serum s(P)RR levels were measured in hemodialysis patients and clearance of s(P)RR through the membrane of the dialyzer was examined. Furthermore, relationships between serum s(P)RR levels and background factors were assessed. Serum s(P)RR levels were significantly higher in hemodialysis patients (30.4 ± 6.1 ng/ml, n = 258) than those in subjects with normal renal function (21.4 ± 6.2 ng/ml, n = 39, P < 0.0001). Clearance of s(P)RR and creatinine were 56.9 ± 33.5 and 147.6 ± 9.50 ml/min, respectively. Serum s(P)RR levels were significantly higher in those with ankle-brachial index (ABI) of < 0.9, an indicator of severe atherosclerosis, than those with ABI of ≥ 0.9 (32.2 ± 5.9 and 30.1 ± 6.2 ng/ml, respectively, P < 0.05). An association between low ABI and high serum s(P)RR levels was observed even after correction for age, history of smoking, HbA1c, and LDL-C. Serum s(P)RR levels were significantly higher in hemodialysis patients when compared with subjects with normal renal function, although s(P)RR is dialyzed to some extent, but to a lesser extent than creatinine. High serum s(P)RR levels may be associated with atherosclerosis independent of other risk factors, suggesting that serum s(P)RR could be used as a marker for atherosclerotic conditions in hemodialysis patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine II, Endocrinology and Hypertension, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.|Department of Nephrology, Moriguchi Keijinkai Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Amari
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine II, Endocrinology and Hypertension, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Moriguchi Keijinkai Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumitaka
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine II, Endocrinology and Hypertension, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine II, Endocrinology and Hypertension, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsuhiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ichihara
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D001794:Blood Pressure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry*; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012995:Solubility; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D025262:Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry*; D000093342:Prorenin Receptor
chemical_list: D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D025262:Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases; C458319:ATP6AP2 protein, human; D000093342:Prorenin Receptor