title: Antiproliferative activity of buttermilk lipid fractions isolated using food grade and non-food grade solvents on human cancer cell lines.
abstract: Buttermilk is a dairy by-product with a high content of milk fat globule membranes (MFGMs), whose protein constituents are reported to be antiproliferative. Lipids represent about half of the composition of MFGM. The aim of this study was to isolate buttermilk lipid fractions and evaluate their potential antiproliferative effect. Selective extraction with food grade or non-food grade solvents was performed. Antiproliferative effectiveness of lipid extracts and their neutral and polar fractions was evaluated on nine human cancer cell lines. Fractions obtained using food grade ethanol gave a higher yield than those obtained using non-food grade solvents, and they effectively inhibited cell viability of the cancer cell lines investigated. These fractions, rich in phospho- and sphingolipids, were strongly antiproliferative against human ovary and colon cancer cells. This observation allowed us to hypothesize further analyses aimed at promoting the use of buttermilk polar lipid fractions as functional food additives.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL; CSIC-UAM), Group of Food lipid biomarkers and health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Castro-Gómez
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL; CSIC-UAM), Group of Food lipid biomarkers and health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Alcalá
authors.affiliation: Chemical, Biological and Agricultural Pluridisciplinary Research Center, CPQBA, University of Campinas, Rua Alexandre Cazelatto, 999, Vila Betel, Paulínia, SP 13148-218, Brazil; Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP 13081-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.affiliation: Chemical, Biological and Agricultural Pluridisciplinary Research Center, CPQBA, University of Campinas, Rua Alexandre Cazelatto, 999, Vila Betel, Paulínia, SP 13148-218, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana L T G
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Chemical, Biological and Agricultural Pluridisciplinary Research Center, CPQBA, University of Campinas, Rua Alexandre Cazelatto, 999, Vila Betel, Paulínia, SP 13148-218, Brazil; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campinas State University, Rua Sergio Buarque de Hollanda, 13083-259 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: João E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL; CSIC-UAM), Group of Food lipid biomarkers and health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: j.fontecha@csic.es.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fontecha
mesh_terms: D000070696:Buttermilk; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005519:Food Preservation; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D066292:Lipid Droplets; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013107:Sphingolipids / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D006017:Glycolipids; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008055:Lipids; D010743:Phospholipids; D012997:Solvents; D013107:Sphingolipids; C110367:milk fat globule
keywords: Buttermilk; Food grade solvent extraction; Human cancer cells; Phospholipids; Polar lipids