title: Treadmill training combined with water and land-based exercise programs: Effects on Parkinson's disease patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a need for studies about the effects of treadmill training (TT) on Parkinson's disease (PD) patients when combined with other exercise training modalities.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify the effects of a multicomponent rehabilitation program on the illness impact, quality of life and fitness level in Parkinson's disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were assigned to two exercise groups: water and land-based exercise (WL) or water and land-based exercise plus treadmill training (TWL). The water and land-based exercise group performed one water-based exercise and one land-based exercise session per week for 15 weeks. Participants in the water and land-based exercise plus treadmill training added two sessions of treadmill training to this schedule. The Senior Fitness Test (SFT) was used to assess the sample's fitness level.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants in the water and land-based exercise Group experienced significant benefits in the disease impact (UPDRS t = 3.083; p = 0.029) and quality of life (PDQ-39 t = 2.942; p = 0.036). The addition of treadmill training did not have any significant effect on these variables. Both programs showed similar effects on the fitness components evaluated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adding treadmill training to a combination of water and land-based exercise programs may have limited effects on quality of life and the impact on the disease.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Education and Sports Science, Healthy Fit Research Group, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ayan
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Education and Sports Science, Healthy Fit Research Group, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Varela
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Education and Sports Science, Healthy Fit Research Group, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
authors.forename: M Helena
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Vila
authors.affiliation: Departament of Neurology, Área de Xestión Integrada Pontevedra-Salnés, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seijo-Martinez
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Education and Sports Science, Healthy Fit Research Group, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cancela
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods*; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water
keywords: Parkinson’s disease; quality of life; treadmill training; water exercise