title: Effect of High Dietary Tryptophan on Intestinal Morphology and Tight Junction Protein of Weaned Pig.
abstract: Tryptophan (Trp) plays an essential role in pig behavior and growth performances. However, little is known about Trp's effects on tight junction barrier and intestinal health in weaned pigs. In the present study, twenty-four (24) weaned pigs were randomly assigned to one of the three treatments with 8 piglets/treatments. The piglets were fed different amounts of L-tryptophan (L-Trp) as follows: 0.0%, 0.15, and 0.75%, respectively, named zero Trp (ZTS), low Trp (LTS), and high Trp (HTS), respectively. No significant differences were observed in average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and gain: feed (G/F) ratio between the groups. After 21 days of the feeding trial, results showed that dietary Trp significantly increased (P < 0.05) crypt depth and significantly decreased (P < 0.05) villus height to crypt depth ratio (VH/CD) in the jejunum of pig fed HTS. In addition, pig fed HTS had higher (P < 0.05) serum diamine oxidase (DAO) and D-lactate. Furthermore, pig fed HTS significantly decreased mRNA expression of tight junction proteins occludin and ZO-1 but not claudin-1 in the jejunum. The number of intraepithelial lymphocytes and goblet cells were not significantly different (P > 0.05) between the groups. Collectively, these data suggest that dietary Trp supplementation at a certain level (0.75%) may negatively affect the small intestinal structure in weaned pig.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Myrlene Carine B
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Tossou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China.
authors.forename: Hongnan
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5710-8624
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China.
authors.forename: Miaomiao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China.
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: China Animal Disease Control Center, Beijing 102600, China.
authors.forename: Yinghua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Veeramuthu
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Duraipandiyan
authors.affiliation: China Animal Disease Control Center, Beijing 102600, China.
authors.forename: Hongbin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Tolulope O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Adebowale
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Naif Abdullah
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Al-Dhabi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China.
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Hussain
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tarique
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Livestock Production, Federal University of Agriculture, PMB 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Abimbola O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Oso
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Hunan 410125, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Yulong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D006631:Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing) / Q000097:blood; D021542:Amino Acids, Neutral / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D048788:Growth and Development / Q000187:drug effects; D007422:Intestines / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000187:drug effects; D007583:Jejunum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D034421:Sus scrofa; D062725:Tight Junction Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D021542:Amino Acids, Neutral; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D062725:Tight Junction Proteins; D014364:Tryptophan; D006631:Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)