title: Proteomics study revealed altered proteome of Dichogaster curgensis upon exposure to fly ash.
abstract: Fly ash is toxic and its escalating use as a soil amendment and disposal by dumping into environment is receiving alarming attention due to its impact on environment. Proteomics technology is being used for environmental studies since proteins respond rapidly when an organism is exposed to a toxicant, and hence soil engineers such as earthworms are used as model organisms to assess the toxic effects of soil toxicants. This study adopted proteomics technology and profiled proteome of earthworm Dichogaster curgensis that was exposed to fly ash, with main aim to elucidate fly ash effects on cellular and metabolic pathways. The functional classification of identified proteins revealed carbohydrate metabolism (14.36%), genetic information processing (15.02%), folding, sorting and degradation (10.83%), replication and repair (3.95%); environmental information processing (2.19%), signal transduction (9.61%), transport and catabolism (17.27%), energy metabolism (6.69%), etc. in the proteome. Proteomics data and functional assays revealed that the exposure of earthworm to fly ash induced protein synthesis, up-regulation of gluconeogenesis, disturbed energy metabolism, oxidative and cellular stress, and mis-folding of proteins. The regulation of ubiquitination, proteasome and modified alkaline comet assay in earthworm coelomocytes suggested DNA-protein cross link affecting chromatin remodeling and protein folding.
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
authors.forename: Vijaykumar L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Markad
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore. Electronic address: ssadav@ntu.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Sunil S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Adav
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
authors.forename: Vikram S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Ghole
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
authors.forename: Siu Kwan
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sze
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India. Electronic address: kodam@chem.unipune.ac.in.
authors.forename: Kisan M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kodam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism; D060729:Coal Ash / Q000032:analysis*; D020552:Comet Assay; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000737:chemistry; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D004249:DNA Damage; D004777:Environment; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009113:Muramidase / Q000737:chemistry; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000633:toxicity; D011489:Protein Denaturation; D017510:Protein Folding; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D014404:Tubulin / Q000737:chemistry; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D060729:Coal Ash; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D052638:Particulate Matter; D020543:Proteome; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014404:Tubulin; D002244:Carbon; D004247:DNA; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D009113:Muramidase
keywords: Dichogaster curgensis; Earthworm proteomics; Fly ash; Soil health; Soil toxicants