title: Ginger Orally Disintegrating Tablets to Improve Swallowing in Older People.
abstract: We previously prepared and pharmaceutically evaluated ginger orally disintegrating (OD) tablets, optimized the base formulation, and carried out a clinical trial in healthy adults in their 20 s and 50s to measure their effect on salivary substance P (SP) level and improved swallowing function. In this study, we conducted clinical trials using the ginger OD tablets in older people to clinically evaluate the improvements in swallowing function resulting from the functional components of the tablet. The ginger OD tablets were prepared by mixing the excipients with the same amount of mannitol and sucrose to a concentration of 1% ginger. Eighteen healthy older adult volunteers aged 63 to 90 were included in the swallowing function test. Saliva was collected before and 15 min after administration of the placebo and ginger OD tablets. Swallowing endoscopy was performed by an otolaryngologist before administration and 15 min after administration of the ginger OD tablets. A scoring method was used to evaluate the endoscopic swallowing. Fifteen minutes after taking the ginger OD tablets, the salivary SP amount was significantly higher than prior to ingestion or after taking the placebo (p<0.05). Among 10 subjects, one scored 1-3 using the four evaluation criteria. Overall, no aspiration occurred and a significant improvement in the swallowing function score was observed (p<0.05) after taking the ginger OD tablets. Our findings showed that the ginger OD tablets increased the salivary SP amount and improved swallowing function in older people with appreciably reduced swallowing function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Kochi Medical School Hospital.
authors.forename: Ayumu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Funato
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.forename: Michiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iizuka
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yagi
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jobu
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yokota
authors.forename: Kahori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: Masamitsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hyodo
authors.forename: Mitsuhiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyamura
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002396:Catechols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D003679:Deglutition / Q000187:drug effects*; D005079:Excipients / Q000737:chemistry; D005233:Fatty Alcohols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D020939:Zingiber officinale; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000737:chemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011208:Powders; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism; D012995:Solubility; D013373:Substance P / Q000378:metabolism; D013395:Sucrose / Q000737:chemistry; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels / Q000819:agonists; D013607:Tablets
chemical_list: D002396:Catechols; D005079:Excipients; D005233:Fatty Alcohols; D028321:Plant Preparations; D011208:Powders; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels; C494482:TRPV1 protein, human; D013607:Tablets; D013373:Substance P; D008353:Mannitol; D013395:Sucrose; C040115:shogaol; C007845:gingerol