title: [Use of botulinum toxin in strabismus].
abstract: Botulinum toxin can be a useful tool for treating acute sixth nerve palsy and excessive eye deviations due to unstable Graves' disease, when surgery is not yet possible. The diagnostic injection for estimation of possible postoperative double vision also makes sense. In convergence spasms, periocular botulinum toxin injections can be a therapeutic option. Botulinum toxin is not a first line option in infantile esotropia without binocularity or in adult horizontal strabismus. Side effects include ptosis and vertical deviations.
authors.affiliation: Universitäts-Augenklinik Bonn, Ernst-Abbe-Str. 2, 53127, Bonn, Deutschland. bettina.wabbels@ukb.uni-bonn.de.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wabbels
mesh_terms: D020434:Abducens Nerve Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D000328:Adult; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000075202:Contraindications; D004172:Diplopia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D005858:Germany; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D056965:Injections, Intraocular; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D056687:Off-Label Use; D013285:Strabismus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D001905:Botulinum Toxins
keywords: Convergence spasm; Cranial nerve palsy; Double vision; Graves’ disease; Strabismus