title: Influence of emotional stimulus valence on inhibitory control in adults with and without ADHD.
abstract: Human behavior is influenced both by approach and avoidance automatic reactions to positive and negative stimulus, respectively, but these reactions have not been well studied in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients. Moreover, studies employing spatial stimulus-response compatibility tasks in ADHD and healthy control (HC) subjects are scarce and inconclusive. The present study investigated inhibitory control and emotional processing in ADHD adults with a modified stimulus-response compatibility task in which spatial and emotional features of affective stimuli had to be processed together to select the correct response. Manual responses to figures of Favorite and Rival soccer team players were measured, and compatible or incompatible responses were chosen according to the soccer team figure. Eighteen HC participants and sixteen ADHD adults performed the task. We found an ordinary spatial compatibility effect for the Favorite soccer team and a reversed one for the Rival team in the ADHD group but not in the HC group. The effects may be due to stronger approach and withdrawal reactions toward the Favorite soccer team and away from the Rival one, respectively, indicating poor inhibitory control for the ADHD group. These results show that differences between ADHD and HC subjects become prominent when response selection involves both emotional and spatial features of the stimulus.
authors.affiliation: Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01060-970, Brazil. cavalletm@gmail.com.|Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of Sao Paulo, Travessa da Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, s/nº, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05403-010, Brazil. cavalletm@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cavallet
authors.affiliation: Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01060-970, Brazil.|Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of Sao Paulo, Travessa da Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, s/nº, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05403-010, Brazil.|Research Program for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults (PRODATH), Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, 3° andar, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01060-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tiffany M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Chaim-Avancini
authors.affiliation: Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of Sao Paulo, Travessa da Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, s/nº, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05403-010, Brazil.|Department and Institute of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, s/nº, Rua 1, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05403-900, Brazil.|Center of Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Rua Arcturus, 03, Jardim Antares, São Bernardo Do Campo, SP, CEP 09606-070, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudinei E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Biazoli
authors.affiliation: Department and Institute of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, s/nº, Rua 1, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05403-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Bazán
authors.affiliation: Research Program for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults (PRODATH), Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, 3° andar, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01060-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Aparecida
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.affiliation: Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01060-970, Brazil.|Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of Sao Paulo, Travessa da Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, s/nº, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05403-010, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Jannuzzi
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.affiliation: Research Program for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults (PRODATH), Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, 3° andar, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01060-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carmen S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Miguel
authors.affiliation: Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01060-970, Brazil.|Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of Sao Paulo, Travessa da Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, s/nº, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05403-010, Brazil.
authors.forename: Geraldo F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Busatto
authors.affiliation: Research Program for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults (PRODATH), Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, 3° andar, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01060-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mario R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Louzã
authors.affiliation: Curso de Mestrado Profissional em Diversidade e Inclusão, Institute of Biology, Federal Fluminense University, Outeiro de São João Batista, s/n, Campus do Valonguinho, Centro, Niterói, RJ, Brazil, CEP: 24020-140.
authors.forename: Luiz G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Gawryszewski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D011930:Reaction Time; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: ADHD; Affective spatial compatibility task; Emotional processing; Inhibitory control; Simon task; Spatial compatibility