title: High-resolution CT findings of primary lung cancer with cavitation: a comparison between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the high-resolution computed tomography (CT) findings of primary lung cancer with cavitation and compare the findings in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The high-resolution CT findings of tumours with cavitation were retrospectively evaluated in 60 patients. Forty-seven of the lesions were diagnosed as adenocarcinomas; 13 were diagnosed as squamous cell carcinomas. The diameters of the tumour and cavity, the maximum thickness of the cavity wall, shape of the cavity wall, the number of cavities, and the presence of ground-glass opacity, bronchial obstruction, intratumoural bronchiectasis, emphysema, and honeycombing were evaluated. The mechanisms of cavity formation were examined according to the pathological features.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The maximum thickness of the cavity wall was significantly greater in squamous cell carcinomas than in adenocarcinomas (p=0.002). Ground-glass opacity and intratumoural bronchiectasis were significantly more common in adenocarcinomas than in squamous cell carcinomas (p<0.001 and p=0.040, respectively). Regarding the pathological findings, intratumoural bronchiectasis with or without alveolar wall destruction contributed to a significant difference between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (p<0.001; odds ratio [OR], 20.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.87-107.10).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cavity wall tends to be thicker in squamous cell carcinomas than in adenocarcinomas. The presence of ground-glass opacity and intratumoural bronchiectasis is strongly suggestive of adenocarcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan. Electronic address: kyoshie@yamaguchi-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kunihiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Saiseikai Yamaguchi General Hospital, 2-11, Midori-town, Yamaguchi-city, Yamaguchi 755-8517, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, National Hospital Organization, Yamaguchi Ube Medical Center, 685, Higashikiwa, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-0241, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamiya
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pathology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1, Minamikogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsunaga
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001987:Bronchiectasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*