title: The role of B cells and autoantibodies in neuropsychiatric lupus.
abstract: The central nervous system manifestations of SLE (neuropsychiatric lupus, NPSLE) occur frequently, though are often difficult to diagnose and treat. Symptoms of NPSLE can be quite diverse, including chronic cognitive and emotional manifestations, as well as acute presentations, such as stroke and seizures. Although the pathogenesis of NPSLE has yet to be well characterized, B-cell mediated damage is believed to be an important contributor. B-cells and autoantibodies may traverse the blood brain barrier promoting an inflammatory environment consisting of glia activation, neurodegeneration, and consequent averse behavioral outcomes. This review will evaluate the various suggested roles of B-cells and autoantibodies in NPSLE, as well as therapeutic modalities targeting these pathogenic mediators.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.
authors.forename: Ariel D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Stock
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.
authors.forename: Samantha A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Chalmers
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States; Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States. Electronic address: chaim.putterman@einstein.yu.edu.
authors.forename: Chaim
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Putterman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000276:immunology; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D001323:Autoantibodies; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D010743:Phospholipids; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; C511911:belimumab
keywords: Autoantibodies; B cells; Neuropsychiatric lupus; SLE