title: Functional imaging in liver tumours.
abstract: Functional imaging encompasses techniques capable of assessing physiological parameters of tissues, and offers useful clinical information in addition to that obtained from morphological imaging. Such techniques may include magnetic resonance imaging with diffusion-weighted sequences or hepatobiliary contrast agents, perfusion imaging, or molecular imaging with radiolabelled tracers. The liver is of major importance in oncological practice; not only is hepatocellular carcinoma one of the malignancies with steadily rising incidence worldwide, but hepatic metastases are regularly observed with a range of solid neoplasms. Within the realm of hepatic oncology, different functional imaging modalities may occupy pivotal roles in lesion characterisation, treatment selection and follow-up, depending on tumour size and type. In this review, we characterise the major forms of functional imaging, discuss their current application to the management of patients with common primary and secondary liver tumours, and anticipate future developments within this field.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, APHP, University Hospitals Paris Nord Val de Seine, Beaujon, Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine, France; University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; INSERM U1149, Centre de recherche biomédicale Bichat-Beaujon, CRB3, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Maxime
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ronot
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Ashley Kieran
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Clift
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, APHP, University Hospitals Paris Nord Val de Seine, Beaujon, Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine, France; University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; INSERM U1149, Centre de recherche biomédicale Bichat-Beaujon, CRB3, Paris, France. Electronic address: valerie.vilgrain@aphp.fr.
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vilgrain
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frilling
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; D003287:Contrast Media; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media
keywords: Imaging; Liver; Metastases; Tumours