title: Suicide attempters with Borderline Personality Disorder show differential orbitofrontal and parietal recruitment when reflecting on aversive memories.
abstract: Suicidal behavior and difficulty regulating emotions are hallmarks of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). This study examined neural links between emotion regulation and suicide risk in BPD. 60 individuals with BPD (all female, mean age = 28.9 years), 46 of whom had attempted suicide, completed a fMRI task involving recalling aversive personal memories. Distance trials assessed the ability to regulate emotion by recalling memories from a third-person, objective viewpoint. Immerse trials assessed emotional reactivity and involved recalling memories from a first-person perspective. Behaviorally, both groups reported less negative affect on Distance as compared to Immerse trials. Neurally, two sets of findings were obtained. The first reflected differences between attempters and non-attempters. When immersing and distancing, attempters showed elevated recruitment of lateral orbitofrontal cortex, a brain region implicated in using negative cues to guide behavior. When distancing, attempters showed diminished recruitment of the precuneus, a region implicated in memory recall and perspective taking. The second set of findings related to individual differences in regulation success - the degree to which individuals used distancing to reduce negative affect. Here, we observed that attempters who successfully regulated exhibited precuneus recruitment that was more similar to non-attempters. These data provide insight into mechanisms underlying suicide attempts in BPD. Future work may examine if these findings generalize to other diagnoses and also whether prior findings in BPD differ across attempters and non-attempters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of California-Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. Electronic address: silvers@ucla.edu.
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Silvers
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, New York University, 6 Washington Place, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
authors.forename: Alexa D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Hubbard
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Sadia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chaudhury
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Biggs
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Columbia University, 1190 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Jocelyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Grunebaum
authors.affiliation: The City University of New York, Clinical Psychology Doctoral Program and Graduate Center, New York, NY, 10031, USA.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fertuck
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Columbia University, 1190 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, One Church Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
authors.forename: Hedy
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kober
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Busch Campus, 152 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carson-Wong
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Beth S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Brodsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chesin
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, New York University, 6 Washington Place, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Ochsner
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA. Electronic address: bhs2@columbia.edu.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stanley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000502:physiology; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Borderline Personality Disorder; Emotion regulation; Neuroimaging; Suicide