title: Functional long circulating single walled carbon nanotubes for fluorescent/photoacoustic imaging-guided enhanced phototherapy.
abstract: Nanotherapeutics have been investigated for years, but only modest survival benefits were observed clinic. This is partially attributed to the short and rapid elimination of nanodrug after intravenous administration. In this study, a long circulation single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) complex was successfully fabricated through a new SWCNT dispersion agent, evans blue (EB). The complex was endowed with fluorescent imaging and photodynamic therapy ability by self-assembly loading an albumin coupled fluorescent photosensitizer, Chlorin e6 (Ce6) via the high affinity between EB and albumin. The yielding multifunctional albumin/Ce6 loaded EB/carbon nanotube-based delivery system, named ACEC, is capable of providing fluorescent and photoacoustic imaging of tumors for optimizing therapeutic time window. Synergistic photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) were carried out as guided by imaging results at 24 h post-injection and achieved an efficient tumor ablation effect. Compared to PDT or PTT alone, the combined phototherapy managed to damage tumor and diminish tumor without recurrence. Overall, our study presents a SWCNT based theranostic system with great promising in dual modalities imaging guided PTT/PDT combined treatment of tumor. The applications of EB on SWCNT functionalization can be easily extended to the other nanomaterials for improving their in vivo stability and circulation time.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
authors.forename: Lisi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
authors.forename: Guohao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Food and Environmental, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, Liaoning, 124221, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
authors.forename: Zhide
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
authors.forename: Chuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
authors.forename: Xianzhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China; Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States. Electronic address: lei.zhu@emory.edu.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002735:Chlorophyllides; D005070:Evans Blue; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D061088:Photoacoustic Techniques / Q000379:methods; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D000068936:Theranostic Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002735:Chlorophyllides; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011166:Porphyrins; D005070:Evans Blue; C062985:phytochlorin
keywords: Albumin; Carbon nanotube; Evans blue; Long circulation; Phototherapy