title: Alternatives to GBCA: Are We There Yet?
abstract: Gadolinium has been widely used as the contrast agent of choice for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, gadolinium administration is not always desired due to its inherent enhancement properties and potential side effects (nephrogenic systemic fibrosis). This article reviews gadolinium alternatives, iron-, and manganese- based agents, and their current clinical usage for contrast-enhanced MRI examinations.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI.
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Wesolowski
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaiser
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium; D007501:Iron