title: Starchy liquid burns do not have worse outcomes in children relative to hot beverage scalds.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterise children presenting with hot beverage scalds versus scalds caused by starchy water.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective survey of prospectively collected database of all children presenting over a two-year period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 138 starch scalds and 262 hot beverage injuries. Children with hot beverage injuries were significantly younger (18.2 months; IQR 14.1, 27.8) than those suffering starch scald injuries (51.4 months; 18.7, 102.3; p<0.001). Perineal burns were more common in the starch group than the hot beverage scald group (10.9% vs. 2.4%, p<0.001). Chest/breast and abdominal burns were more common in the hot beverage group than the starch group (60.7% vs. 36.9%, p<0.001). Children under three years of age in both groups are significantly less likely to receive adequate first aid at the scene (p<0.001). There are no differences in the need for skin grafting or scar management when comparing hot beverage scalds and scalds caused by starchy liquids.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Scald injuries caused by starchy liquids do not appear to cause a more severe injury than hot beverage scalds. There is a different pattern of injury from starchy liquids in older children. Children under three years old are less likely to receive appropriate first aid at the scene.
authors.affiliation: Pegg Leditschke Children's Burns Centre, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Health Queensland, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Children's Burns and Trauma Research, Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Jordan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lavigne
authors.affiliation: Pegg Leditschke Children's Burns Centre, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Health Queensland, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Children's Burns and Trauma Research, Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Bhaveshkumar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.affiliation: Bond Institute of Health & Sport, Bond University, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Kellie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stockton
authors.affiliation: Pegg Leditschke Children's Burns Centre, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Health Queensland, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Children's Burns and Trauma Research, Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Queensland, Australia. Electronic address: cmcbride@paedsurgery.com.
authors.forename: Craig A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: McBride
mesh_terms: D000007:Abdominal Injuries / Q000628:therapy*; D000367:Age Factors; D001628:Beverages; D001830:Body Surface Area; D002056:Burns / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D005392:First Aid / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007869:Leg Injuries / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D010502:Perineum / Q000293:injuries; D011793:Queensland; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016038:Skin Transplantation; D013213:Starch; D013848:Thigh / Q000293:injuries; D013898:Thoracic Injuries / Q000628:therapy*; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D013213:Starch
keywords: First aid; Noodle; Pediatric burn; Scald; Starch