title: Predictive Factors for Efficacy and Safety of Prophylactic Theophylline for Extubation in Infants with Apnea of Prematurity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to evaluate predictive factors involved in efficacy and safety in Japanese infants who received theophylline therapy to prevent apnea of prematurity (AOP) after weaning from mechanical ventilation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of infants who were administered intravenous aminophylline (theophylline ethylenediamine) for AOP at the neonatal intensive care unit, Kagoshima University Hospital, Japan, between January 2009 and June 2013.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 100 infants were evaluated as two separate groups in terms of efficacy and safety of theophylline. Sixty-seven (67.0%) infants had effective theophylline therapy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age at birth was significant, with an odds ratio of 0.59 (p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the cut-off value was 31.1 weeks old for predicting the efficacy of theophylline (specificity, 66.7%; sensitivity, 86.6%; p < 0.001; area under the curve, 0.750; 95% confidence interval, 0.45-0.74). Adverse reactions were identified in 21 (21.0%) infants. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the number of days of theophylline administration from birth was associated with an increased risk of adverse reactions after theophylline administration (p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Physicians need to be aware of the possibility that theophylline fails to produce therapeutic effects for extubation in infants aged less than 31.1 weeks old, and adverse reactions can easily develop when theophylline is administered soon after birth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Chemistry and Informatics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.|Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Chemistry and Informatics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1456-7721
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Orita
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Chemistry and Informatics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mitarai
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Chemistry and Informatics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishitsuka
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Evidence-based Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daiichi University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Irikura
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Drug Informatics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyusyu University of Health and Welfare, Nobeoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimodozono
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Douchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Chemistry and Informatics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.|Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Irie
mesh_terms: D060666:Airway Extubation; D001049:Apnea / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012372:ROC Curve; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013806:Theophylline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D013806:Theophylline