title: Inhibition of Group IIA Secretory Phospholipase A2 and its Inflammatory Reactions in Mice by Ethanolic Extract of Andrographis paniculata, a Well-known Medicinal Food.
abstract: Andrographis paniculata Nees is an important medicinal plant found in the tropical regions of the world, which has been traditionally used in Indian and Chinese medicinal systems. It is also used as medicinal food. A. paniculata is found to exhibit anti-inflammatory activities; however, its inhibitory potential on inflammatory Group IIA phospholipases A2 (PLA2) and its associated inflammatory reactions are not clearly understood. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the inhibitory/neutralizing potential of ethanolic extract of A. paniculata on the isolated inflammatory PLA2 (VRV-PL-VIIIa) from Daboii rusellii pulchella (belonging to Group IIA inflammatory secretory PLA2 [sPLA2]) and its associated edema-induced activities in Swiss albino mice. A. paniculata extract dose dependently inhibited the Group IIA sPLA2 enzymatic activity with an IC50 value of 10.3 ± 0.5 μg/ml. Further, the extract dose dependently inhibited the edema formation, when co-injected with enzyme indicating that a strong correlation exists between lipolytic and pro-inflammatory activities of the enzyme. In conclusion, results of this study shows that the ethanolic extract of A. paniculata effectively inhibits Group IIA sPLA2 and its associated inflammatory activities, which substantiate its anti-inflammatory properties. The results of the present study warranted further studies to develop bioactive compound (s) in ethanolic extract of A. paniculata as potent therapeutic agent (s) for inflammatory diseases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study emphasis the anti-inflammatory effect of A. paniculata by inhibiting the inflammatory Group IIA sPLA2 and its associated inflammatory activities such as edema. It was found that there is a strong correlation between lipolytic activity and pro-inflammatory activity inhibition. Therefore, the study suggests that the extract processes potent anti-inflammatory agents, which could be developed as a potential therapeutic agent against inflammatory and related diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kishore
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry/Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Yarla
authors.affiliation: Department of Studies in Biotechnology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Mahajana Life Science Research Centre, SBRR Mahajana First Grade College, Affiliated to University of Mysore, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zameer
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, JSS Institution Campus, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Nagendra Prasad
authors.affiliation: Chemical Biology Unit, Centre for Emerging Technologies, Jain University, Ramanagara, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Santosh
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: More
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry/Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.affiliation: Toxinology/Toxicology and Drug Discovery Unit, Centre for Emerging Technologies, Jain University, Kanakapura, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Bhadrapura Lakkappa
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Dhananjaya
keywords: Disease; drug; inflammation; inhibition; neutralization; plants