title: Comparison of Clinical Effects of Dexketoprofen and Paracetamol Used for Analgesia in Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to compare 50 mg dexketoprofen vs. 1 g paracetamol that were parenterally administered before endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) under sedoanalgesia with comparable anaesthesia depth regarding haemodynamic, pain, narcotic analgesic requirement, recovery and post-procedural cognitive functions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Overall, 80 ASA I-III patients aged 18-75 years who were undergoing scheduled ERCP were randomly assigned into three groups. In all patients, the mini-mental test (MMT) was conducted before the procedure. No drug was administered to controls (Group C; n=26); patients were transferred to ERCP unite 30 min after parenteral dexketoprofen (50 mg) in group D (n=27) and paracetamol (1 g) in group P (n=27). The standard monitoring was applied. After intravenously administering loading doses of midazolam (0.02 mgkg) and propofol (1 mg kg(-1)), propofol infusion was administered at a dose of 2-4 mg kg(-1) h(-1) to maintain a bispectral index value of 50-70. Fentanyl (0.05 μg kg(-1)) was intravenously administered when patients experienced pain. Haemodynamic effects, additional analgesic requirement, adverse effects during procedure, time to reach Aldrete score of 9 and satisfaction of an endoscopist and patient were recorded. MMT was repeated 3 h after completing the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fentanyl requirement during the procedure was significantly low in group D (p<0.05). Apnoea during the procedure and nausea after the procedure were least common in group D while significantly lower than group C (p<0.05). There was no significant difference with respect to MMT scores and endoscopist's satisfaction, while patient satisfaction was greater in group P.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parenterally administered dexketoprofen provided better haemodynamic effect and pain control, thereby decreasing incidence of adverse events by reducing the requirement for narcotic analgesics.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, İstanbul Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nuran
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Akıncı
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, İstanbul Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nurten
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bakan
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, İstanbul Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gülşah
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karaören
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, İstanbul Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Senay Göksu
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Tomruk
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, İstanbul Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hacı Mehmet
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Sökmen
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, İstanbul Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yonca
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yanlı
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, İstanbul Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Erdem
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Akçay
keywords: Sedation; dexketoprofen; endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; paracetamol