title: Retention during capsule endoscopy: Is it a real problem in routine practice?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the risks and outcomes of capsule retention during capsule endoscopy (CE) for investigating small bowel disease. Capsule retention is the most serious complication of CE.
  
  
  METHODS
  Before CE, the gastrointestinal tract was evaluated for blockages with computerized tomography. Analysis of CE was made retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Capsule endoscopy was used to investigate obscure bleeding (90.2%; n = 324) or other symptoms (9.8%; n = 35). The capsule retention rate was 11/359 (3.1%); it was retained in a malignant lesion area (adenocarcinoma or melanoma) in two patients (18.2%), in the small bowel in an ulcerated area in five patients (45.5%), and in the oesophagus/stomach in four patients (36.4%) due to dysmotility. None of the patients had symptoms of obstruction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Scanning patients before CE did not predict capsule retention. Retention is a complication of CE, but occurs as a result of the underlying disease. The risk of retention is increased in patients with motility disorders, suspected small bowel ulcers or malignancies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Asli Cifcibasi
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ormeci
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey filizakyuz@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Filiz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Akyuz
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Koç University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Baran
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Suut
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gokturk
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tugrul
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ormeci
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Binnur
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pinarbasi
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozlem
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mutluay Soyer
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Evirgen
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Umit
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Akyuz
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cetin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Karaca
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kadir
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sabahattin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaymakoglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterohepatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Besisik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D053704:Capsule Endoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D003710:Demography; D058582:Double-Balloon Enteroscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Capsule endoscopy; capsule retention; patency capsule; small bowel