title: Inherent Tracers for Carbon Capture and Storage in Sedimentary Formations: Composition and Applications.
abstract: Inherent tracers-the "natural" isotopic and trace gas composition of captured CO2 streams-are potentially powerful tracers for use in CCS technology. This review outlines for the first time the expected carbon isotope and noble gas compositions of captured CO2 streams from a range of feedstocks, CO2-generating processes, and carbon capture techniques. The C-isotope composition of captured CO2 will be most strongly controlled by the feedstock, but significant isotope fractionation is possible during capture; noble gas concentrations will be controlled by the capture technique employed. Comparison with likely baseline data suggests that CO2 generated from fossil fuel feedstocks will often have δ(13)C distinguishable from storage reservoir CO2. Noble gases in amine-captured CO2 streams are likely to be low concentration, with isotopic ratios dependent on the feedstock, but CO2 captured from oxyfuel plants may be strongly enriched in Kr and Xe which are potentially valuable subsurface tracers. CO2 streams derived from fossil fuels will have noble gas isotope ratios reflecting a radiogenic component that will be difficult to distinguish in the storage reservoir, but inheritance of radiogenic components will provide an easily recognizable signature in the case of any unplanned migration into shallow aquifers or to the surface.
authors.affiliation: School of Geosciences, The University of Edinburgh, Grant Institute , King's Buildings, James Hutton Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FE, U.K.|Isotope Geosciences Unit, Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre , Rankine Avenue, East Kilbride G75 0QF, U.K.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Flude
authors.affiliation: School of Geosciences, The University of Edinburgh, Grant Institute , King's Buildings, James Hutton Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FE, U.K.
authors.forename: Gareth
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.affiliation: School of Geosciences, The University of Edinburgh, Grant Institute , King's Buildings, James Hutton Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FE, U.K.
authors.forename: Stuart M V
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Gilfillan
authors.affiliation: School of Geosciences, The University of Edinburgh, Grant Institute , King's Buildings, James Hutton Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FE, U.K.
authors.forename: R Stuart
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Haszeldine
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D005579:Fossil Fuels; D005741:Noble Gases
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D005579:Fossil Fuels; D005741:Noble Gases; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002244:Carbon