title: Green coffee bean extract improves obesity by decreasing body fat in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate possible lipid catabolism and body fat regulation effects of 3-caffeoylquinic acid in Green coffee bean extract (GCBE) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Obesity was induced in mice using a HFD for four weeks. Then, mice were fed only HFD or HFD with GCBE at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg. Fatty acid synthesis mechanism regulation of body fat was investigated through real-time PCR and Western blot assay. Body fat reduction was measured through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In HFD-induced obese mice, GCBE treatment significantly decreased body weight gain, liver weight and white adipose tissue weights with regulation of adipose tissue lipolysis hormones, like adiponectin and leptin. GCBE treatment decreased mRNA expression levels of adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism related genes in adipose tissues and the liver, and decreased the corresponding protein expression. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements were used to compare body fat between mice on high-fat and those treated with GCBE. GCBE treated mice had a lower fat mass compared to HFD alone fed mice and relative body weight and fat mass were markedly decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GCBE has a potential anti-obesity effect with lowering body fat accumulation by regulating adipogenesis and lipid metabolism-related genes and proteins in WAT and liver.
authors.affiliation: Nutra Pharm Tech, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446-916, South Korea.
authors.forename: Bong-Keun
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446-728, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Bum
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Nutra Pharm Tech, Giheung-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446-916, South Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Ryung
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446-728, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hae Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446-728, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ying-Yu
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446-728, South Korea; Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446-728, South Korea. Electronic address: ymichigan@mju.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Seung Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi 446-728, South Korea. Electronic address: jwsuh@mju.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Joo-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Suh
keywords: Adipogenesis; Body fat; Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; Green coffee bean extract; High-fat diet induced obese mice