title: Short-term and long-term effects of submaximal maternal exercise on offspring glucose homeostasis and pancreatic function.
abstract: Only a few studies have explored the effects of maternal exercise during gestation on adult offspring metabolism. We set out to test whether maternal controlled submaximal exercise maintained troughout all gestational periods induces persistant metabolic changes in the offspring. We used a model of 15-wk-old nulliparous female Wistar rats that exercised (trained group) before and during gestation at a submaximal intensity or remained sedentary (control group). At weaning, male offspring from trained dams showed reduced basal glycemia (119.7 ± 2.4 vs. 130.5 ± 4.1 mg/dl, P < 0.05), pancreas relative weight (3.96 ± 0.18 vs. 4.54 ± 0.14 g/kg body wt, P < 0.05), and islet mean area (22,822 ± 4,036 vs. 44,669 ± 6,761 μm(2), P < 0.05) compared with pups from control dams. Additionally, they had better insulin secretory capacity when stimulated by 2.8 mM glucose + 20 mM arginine compared with offspring from control dams (+96%, P < 0.05). At 7 mo of age, offspring from trained mothers displayed altered glucose tolerance (AUC = 15,285 ± 527 vs. 11,898 ± 988 mg·dl(-1)·120 min, P < 0.05) and decreased muscle insulin sensitivity estimated by the phosphorylated PKB/total PKB ratio (-32%, P < 0.05) and tended to have a reduced islet insulin secretory capacity compared with rats from control dams. These results suggest that submaximal maternal exercise modifies short-term male offspring pancreatic function and appears to have rather negative long-term consequences on sedentary adult offspring glucose handling.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1055, Grenoble, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Activités Physiques et Sportives, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Sport Exercice Motricité, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; charline.quiclet@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Charline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quiclet
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1055, Grenoble, France; Faculty of Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia;
authors.forename: Farida
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Siti
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1055, Grenoble, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Activités Physiques et Sportives, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Sport Exercice Motricité, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France;
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dubouchaud
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U1060,Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Oullins, France; Center for European Nutrition and Health, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France;
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7333-8526
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vial
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, University Savoie Mont Blanc, Le Bourget du Lac, France.
authors.forename: Phanélie
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Berthon
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1055, Grenoble, France; Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France; and.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fontaine
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1055, Grenoble, France;
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Batandier
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1055, Grenoble, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Activités Physiques et Sportives, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Sport Exercice Motricité, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France;
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Couturier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006706:Homeostasis; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D009929:Organ Size; D010179:Pancreas / Q000473:pathology; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D005947:Glucose
keywords: exercise; gestation; glucose homeostasis; offspring; pancreas