title: The Trapeziometacarpal Arthrosis Symptoms and Disability Questionnaire: Development and Preliminary Validation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Symptoms and disability at the trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint are typically assessed with general measures that may not be able to accurately discriminate between TMC arthrosis-specific versus other hand and arm condition concerns. The objective was to develop and preliminary validate the Trapeziometacarpal Arthrosis Symptoms and Disability (TASD) questionnaire designed to assess symptoms and disability at the TMC joint.
  
  
  METHODS
  English-speaking patients (50 years or older) were enrolled in 1 of 2 samples (sample 1, 64 patients specifically presented for treatment of TMC arthrosis; sample 2, 64 patients received an incidental diagnosis of previously undiagnosed TMC arthrosis when presenting for treatment of another, not thumb-related condition). Principal component analysis identified the number of subscales (factors) and factor loadings of all items (ie, structural construct validity). Internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach alpha. Convergent, discriminant, and known-groups construct validity of the subscales were assessed with Spearman correlations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The final TASD has 12 items and 2 subscales, as confirmed by principal component analysis: symptoms (7 items) and disability (5 items). The subscales' internal consistency was good to excellent in both samples. The TASD showed good convergent validity as evidenced by moderate to strong correlations between both subscales and upper extremity disability, pain intensity, depression, self-efficacy, and key pinch strength (sample 1). The TASD also showed good discriminant, and good known-groups validity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The concise TASD is useful in assessing symptoms and disability related to TMC arthrosis, has a simple scoring system and administration mode (self-administered), and is free.
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Hand and Upper Extremity Service, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Stéphanie J E
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Hand and Upper Extremity Service, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Teun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Teunis
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Hand and Upper Extremity Service, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ring
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Ana-Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Vranceanu
keywords: disability; internal consistency; measure; osteoarthritis; symptoms; trapeziometacarpal arthrosis; validation