title: Falsely increased bispectral index values by convective air warming system during kidney transplantation.
abstract: Bispectral index (BIS) is a reliable parameter for measuring depth of hypnotic level during anesthesia. Convective air warming system is an effective equipment to maintain normothermia during operation. We report falsely elevated BIS value due to convective air warming system while undergoing kidney transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Se Hun Kim, MD. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Se Hun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Dr. Byeong-Cheol Lee, MD. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Byeong-Cheol
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Prof. Yong Han Kim, MD. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Han
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Air warmer; Artifact; Bispectral index; Depth of anesthesia