title: Smyd5 plays pivotal roles in both primitive and definitive hematopoiesis during zebrafish embryogenesis.
abstract: Methylation of histone tails plays a pivotal role in the regulation of a wide range of biological processes. SET and MYND domain-containing protein (SMYD) is a methyltransferase, five family members of which have been identified in humans. SMYD1, SMYD2, SMYD3, and SMYD4 have been found to play critical roles in carcinogenesis and/or the development of heart and skeletal muscle. However, the physiological functions of SMYD5 remain unknown. To investigate the function of Smyd5 in vivo, zebrafish were utilised as a model system. We first examined smyd5 expression patterns in developing zebrafish embryos. Smyd5 transcripts were abundantly expressed at early developmental stages and then gradually decreased. Smyd5 was expressed in all adult tissues examined. Loss-of-function analysis of Smyd5 was then performed in zebrafish embryos using smyd5 morpholino oligonucleotide (MO). Embryos injected with smyd5-MO showed normal gross morphological development, including of heart and skeletal muscle. However, increased expression of both primitive and definitive hematopoietic markers, including pu.1, mpx, l-plastin, and cmyb, were observed. These phenotypes of smyd5-MO zebrafish embryos were also observed when we introduced mutations in smyd5 gene with the CRISPR/Cas9 system. As the expression of myeloid markers was elevated in smyd5 loss-of-function zebrafish, we propose that Smyd5 plays critical roles in hematopoiesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Genome Research, Sasaki Institute, Sasaki Foundation, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.|Department of Coloproctological Surgery, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.|Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Genome Research, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
authors.forename: Shin-Ichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsunesumi
authors.affiliation: Fine Morphological Analysis Group Medical Proteomics Laboratory Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sagara
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Genome Research, Sasaki Institute, Sasaki Foundation, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
authors.forename: Miyo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Munakata
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Genome Research, Sasaki Institute, Sasaki Foundation, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.|Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hisaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Genome Research, Sasaki Institute, Sasaki Foundation, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sekiya
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Genome Research, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Coloproctological Surgery, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
authors.forename: Sumiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006321:Heart / Q000196:embryology; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D008780:Methyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D060172:Morpholinos / Q000494:pharmacology; D024510:Muscle Development / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D038042:Myelopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D060172:Morpholinos; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; D008780:Methyltransferases; C000627301:Smyd5 protein, zebrafish