title: The influence of environmental variables on platelet concentration in horse platelet-rich plasma.
abstract: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) commonly refers to blood products which contain a higher platelet (PLT) concentration as compared to normal plasma. Autologous PRP has been shown to be safe and effective in promoting the natural processes of soft tissue healing or reconstruction in humans and horses. Variability in PLT concentration has been observed in practice between PRP preparations from different patients or from the same individual under different conditions. A change in PLT concentration could modify PRP efficacy in routine applications. The aim of this study was to test the influence of environmental, individual and agonistic variables on the PLT concentration of PRP in horses. Six healthy Standardbred mares were exposed to six different variables with a one-week washout period between variables, and PRP was subsequently obtained from each horse. The variables were time of withdrawal during the day (morning/evening), hydration status (overhydration/dehydration) treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs and training periods on a treadmill. The platelet concentration was significantly higher in horses treated with a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (P = 0.03). The leukocyte concentration increased 2-9 fold with respect to whole blood in the PRP which was obtained after exposure to all the variable considered. Environmental variation in platelet concentration should be taken into consideration during PRP preparation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Dell'Emilia, BO, Italy.
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rinnovati
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Dell'Emilia, BO, Italy. noemi.romagnoli@unibo.it.
authors.forename: Noemi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Romagnoli
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Dell'Emilia, BO, Italy.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gentilini
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Dell'Emilia, BO, Italy.
authors.forename: Carlotta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lambertini
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Dell'Emilia, BO, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spadari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D003681:Dehydration / Q000097:blood / Q000662:veterinary; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D006736:Horses / Q000097:blood*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D010976:Platelet Count / Q000662:veterinary*; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma / Q000166:cytology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
keywords: Double transfusion bags; Environmental variables; Horse; Platelet concentration; Platelet-rich plasma