title: Modulation of PPAR Expression and Activity in Response to Polyphenolic Compounds in High Fat Diets.
abstract: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) are transcription factors that modulate energy metabolism in liver, adipose tissue and muscle. High fat diets (HFD) can negatively impact PPAR expression or activity, favoring obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and other conditions. However, polyphenols (PP) found in vegetable foodstuffs are capable of positively modulating this pathway. We therefore focused this review on the possible effects that PP can have on PPAR when administered together with HFD. We found that PP from diverse sources, such as coffee, olives, rice, berries and others, are capable of inducing the expression of genes involved in a decrease of adipose mass, liver and serum lipids and lipid biosynthesis in animal and cell models of HFD. Since cells or gut bacteria can transform PP into different metabolites, it is possible that a synergistic or antagonistic effect ultimately occurs. PP molecules from vegetable sources are an interesting option to maintain or return to a state of energy homeostasis, possibly due to an adequate PPAR expression and activity.
authors.affiliation: Coordinaci&#243;n de Tecnolog&#237;a de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal, Centro de Investigaci&#243;n en Alimentaci&#243;n y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera a La Victoria km 0.6, AP 1735, CP 83304 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. abrahamdominguez9@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: J Abraham
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Domínguez-Avila
authors.affiliation: Coordinaci&#243;n de Tecnolog&#237;a de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal, Centro de Investigaci&#243;n en Alimentaci&#243;n y Desarrollo A. C., Carretera a La Victoria km 0.6, AP 1735, CP 83304 Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. gustavo@ciad.mx.
authors.forename: Gustavo A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: González-Aguilar
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciencias Qu&#237;mico-Biol&#243;gicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biom&#233;dicas, Universidad Aut&#243;noma de Ciudad Ju&#225;rez, Anillo Envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, CP 32310 Ciudad Ju&#225;rez, Chihuahua, Mexico. ealvarez@uacj.mx.
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Parrilla
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciencias Qu&#237;mico-Biol&#243;gicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biom&#233;dicas, Universidad Aut&#243;noma de Ciudad Ju&#225;rez, Anillo Envolvente del PRONAF y Estocolmo s/n, CP 32310 Ciudad Ju&#225;rez, Chihuahua, Mexico. ldelaros@uacj.mx.
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: de la Rosa
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors; D059808:Polyphenols
keywords: PPAR; gene expression; high fat; polyphenols