title: Mathematical modelling of the growth of human fetus anatomical structures.
abstract: The goal of this study was to present a procedure that would enable mathematical analysis of the increase of linear sizes of human anatomical structures, estimate mathematical model parameters and evaluate their adequacy. Section material consisted of 67 foetuses-rectus abdominis muscle and 75 foetuses- biceps femoris muscle. The following methods were incorporated to the study: preparation and anthropologic methods, image digital acquisition, Image J computer system measurements and statistical analysis method. We used an anthropologic method based on age determination with the use of crown-rump length-CRL (V-TUB) by Scammon and Calkins. The choice of mathematical function should be based on a real course of the curve presenting growth of anatomical structure linear size Ύ in subsequent weeks t of pregnancy. Size changes can be described with a segmental-linear model or one-function model with accuracy adequate enough for clinical purposes. The interdependence of size-age is described with many functions. However, the following functions are most often considered: linear, polynomial, spline, logarithmic, power, exponential, power-exponential, log-logistic I and II, Gompertz's I and II and von Bertalanffy's function. With the use of the procedures described above, mathematical models parameters were assessed for V-PL (the total length of body) and CRL body length increases, rectus abdominis total length h, its segments hI, hII, hIII, hIV, as well as biceps femoris length and width of long head (LHL and LHW) and of short head (SHL and SHW). The best adjustments to measurement results were observed in the exponential and Gompertz's models.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw Univeristy of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dudek
authors.affiliation: Non-public Higher Medical School in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kędzia
authors.affiliation: Department and Clinic of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kędzia
authors.affiliation: Non-public Higher Medical School in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Alicja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kędzia
authors.affiliation: Public Higher Medical Professional School, Opole, Poland. w.derkowski@hipokrates.org.
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1115-1210
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Derkowski
mesh_terms: D000883:Anthropology / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development / Q000502:physiology*; D005333:Fetus / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000196:embryology*; D005865:Gestational Age; D000070633:Hamstring Muscles / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011247:Pregnancy; D017568:Rectus Abdominis / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology
keywords: Gestational age; Growth curve; Human foetus; Mathematical modelling