title: Challenges experienced by South Africa in attaining Millennium Development Goals 4, 5 and 6.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite progress made by other countries worldwide in achieving Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 4, 5 and 6, South Africa is experiencing a challenge in attaining positive outcomes for these goals.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the challenges experienced by South Africa regarding the successful implementation of MDGs 4, 5 and 6.
  
  
  METHODS
  An integrative literature review was used to identify and synthesise various streams of literature on the challenges experienced by South Africa in attaining MDGs 4, 5 and 6.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The integrative review revealed the following themes: (1) interventions related to child mortality reduction, (2) implementation of maternal mortality reduction strategies, and (3) identified barriers to zero HIV and TB infections and management.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is recommended that poverty relief mechanisms be intensified to improve the socio-economic status of women. There is a need for sectoral planning towards maternal health, and training of healthcare workers should emphasise the reduction of maternal deaths. Programmes addressing the reduction of maternal and child mortality rates, HIV, STIs and TB need to be put in place.
authors.forename: Fhumulani M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Mulaudzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing Science, University of Pretoria. mavis.mulaudzi@up.ac.za.
authors.forename: Seepaneng S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Phiri
authors.forename: Doriccah M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Peu
authors.forename: Mmamakwa L S
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Mataboge
authors.forename: Nkhensani R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Ngunyulu
authors.forename: Ramadimetja S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Mogale
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D046688:Child Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D006040:Goals; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008428:Maternal Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Millennium Development Goals; maternal and child morbidity and mortality; HIV and AIDS; STI and TB.