title: Changes in the sexual health behaviours of New Zealand secondary school students, 2001-2012: findings from a national survey series.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe trends in self-reported sexual and reproductive health behaviours among New Zealand secondary school students.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nationally representative health and wellbeing surveys conducted in 2001 (n=9,699), 2007 (n=9,107) and 2012 (n=8,500) were analysed. Logistic regressions were used to explore variations in sexual health outcomes between 2001 and 2012.
  
  
  RESULTS
  'Ever had sex' (-6.9%, p<0.001); 'currently sexually active' (- 2.3%, p<0.001); 'always use condoms' (-3.3%, p=0.006); 'condoms at last sex' (-7.0, p=0.002); 'contraception at last sex' (-5.8%, p<0.001) and sexually transmitted infections (-0.3%, p=0.001) have reduced over time. 'Always use contraception' did not change significantly (-1.4%, p=0.514) over time. Māori (OR 0.7), Pacific (OR 0.5) and socioeconomically deprived students (OR 0.7) less frequently used condoms. Māori (OR 0.6), Pacific (OR 0.4), Asian (OR 0.5), younger (OR 0.6), and socioeconomically deprived (OR 0.6) students less frequently used contraception.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Students in 2012 were more likely to delay sexual activity, but were less likely to use condoms and contraception consistently, compared to students in 2001. Declining contraceptive use over an 11-year period suggests that current strategies are inadequate, particularly for Māori, Pacific and socioeconomically deprived students. Appropriate and accessible sexual and reproductive health services are urgently required.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, The University of Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Terryann C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Mathijs F G
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Lucassen
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, New Zealand.|Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Theresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fleming
authors.affiliation: Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Roshini
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Peiris-John
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Amio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ikihele
authors.affiliation: Academic Division, Otago University, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Tasileta
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Teevale
authors.affiliation: Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Sue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Crengle
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006306:Health Surveys / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009520:New Zealand; D060728:Reproductive Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Māori; adolescent; condoms; contraception; sexual and reproductive health services