title: Antithrombotic and cytotoxic activities of four Bangladeshi plants and PASS prediction of their isolated compounds.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aims to investigate whether tested organic extracts possess antithrombotic properties with minimal or no toxicity and to predict the activity of some of their isolated compounds.
  
  
  METHODS
  An in vitro thrombolytic model was used to check the clot lysis effect of four Bangladeshi herbal extracts viz., roots of Curculigo recurvata W.T. Aiton (Satipata), leaf of Amorphophallus bulbifer Roxb. (Olkachu), leaf of Phyllanthus sikkimensis Muell. Arg., and whole plant of Thunbergia grandiflora Roxb. (Nillata) using streptokinase as a positive control and water as a negative control. Cytotoxicity was screened by brine shrimp lethality bioassay using vincristine sulfate as positive control. In silico prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS) prediction was applied for phytoconstituents, namely, nyasicoside, glucomannan, grandifloric acid, serine, and alanine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using an in vitro thrombolytic model, C. recurvata, A. bulbifer, P. sikkimensis, and T. grandiflora showed 28.10±1.64%, 42.47±1.96%, 32.86±1.92%, and 25.51±1.67% of clot lysis, respectively. Reference drug streptokinase exhibited 75.00±3.04% clot lysis. Examined herbs showed significant (p<0.001) percentage (%) of clot lysis compared to negative control. In brine shrimp cytotoxic assay, C. recurvata, A. bulbifer, P. sikkimensis, and T. grandiflora showed LC50 values 210.64±3.44, 98.51±1.47, 187.29±2.01, and 386.43±3.02 μg/mL, respectively, with reference to vincristine sulfate (LC50 0.76±0.04). PASS predicted that examined phytoconstituents have a wide range of biological activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Through our study it was found that A. bulbifer and P. sikkimensis could be considered as very promising and beneficial thrombolytic agents.
authors.forename: Mohammad Shah Hafez
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kabir
authors.forename: Md Sofi
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Mahamoud
authors.forename: Nishan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chakrabarty
authors.forename: Shabbir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Md Abdullah Al
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Masum
authors.forename: Md Akramul
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hoque
authors.forename: Mohammed Munawar
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.forename: Md Mominur
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: Mir Muhammad Nasir
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Uddin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001156:Artemia; D001459:Bangladesh; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D018517:Plant Roots; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003603:Cytotoxins; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts