title: Chromosome Duplication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: The accurate and complete replication of genomic DNA is essential for all life. In eukaryotic cells, the assembly of the multi-enzyme replisomes that perform replication is divided into stages that occur at distinct phases of the cell cycle. Replicative DNA helicases are loaded around origins of DNA replication exclusively during G1 phase. The loaded helicases are then activated during S phase and associate with the replicative DNA polymerases and other accessory proteins. The function of the resulting replisomes is monitored by checkpoint proteins that protect arrested replisomes and inhibit new initiation when replication is inhibited. The replisome also coordinates nucleosome disassembly, assembly, and the establishment of sister chromatid cohesion. Finally, when two replisomes converge they are disassembled. Studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have led the way in our understanding of these processes. Here, we review our increasingly molecular understanding of these events and their regulation.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 kpmlabib@dundee.ac.uk spbell@mit.edu.
authors.forename: Stephen P
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2876-610X
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Council Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, Sir James Black Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, DD1 5EH, United Kingdom kpmlabib@dundee.ac.uk spbell@mit.edu.
authors.forename: Karim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Labib
mesh_terms: D002842:Chromatids / Q000235:genetics; D058674:Chromosome Duplication / Q000235:genetics*; D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics*; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000235:genetics*; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000235:genetics; D016196:S Phase / Q000235:genetics; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics*; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; D004265:DNA Helicases
keywords: DNA replication; YeastBook; cell cycle; chromatin; chromosome duplication; genome stability