title: Enrichment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a contaminated soil after rehabilitation.
abstract: Spore counts, species composition and richness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and soil glomalin contents were evaluated in a soil contaminated with Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb after rehabilitation by partial replacement of the contaminated soil with non-contaminated soil, and by Eucalyptus camaldulensis planting with and without Brachiaria decumbens sowing. These rehabilitation procedures were compared with soils from contaminated non-rehabilitated area and non-contaminated adjacent soils. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities attributes were assessed by direct field sampling, trap culture technique, and by glomalin contents estimate. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was markedly favored by rehabilitation, and a total of 15 arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi morphotypes were detected in the studied area. Species from the Glomus and Acaulospora genera were the most common mycorrhizal fungi. Number of spores was increased by as much as 300-fold, and species richness almost doubled in areas rehabilitated by planting Eucalyptus in rows and sowing B. decumbens in inter-rows. Contents of heavy metals in the soil were negatively correlated with both species richness and glomalin contents. Introduction of B. decumbens together with Eucalyptus causes enrichment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi species and a more balanced community of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores in contaminated soil.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Lavras, Soil Science Department, Graduate Programme of Soil Science, Lavras, MG, Brazil; Universidade Federal da Bahia, Multidisciplinary Institute in Health, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lopes Leal
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Lavras, Programme of Agricultural Microbiology Biology Department, Lavras, MG, Brazil(1).
authors.forename: Maryeimy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Varón-López
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Lavras, Soil Science Department, Graduate Programme of Soil Science, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gonçalves de Oliveira Prado
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Lavras, Programme of Agricultural Microbiology Biology Department, Lavras, MG, Brazil(1).
authors.forename: Jessé
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Valentim Dos Santos
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Lavras, Soil Science Department, Graduate Programme of Soil Science, Lavras, MG, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Immunology and Parasitology, Department of Microbiology, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudio Roberto
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Fonsêca Sousa Soares
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Lavras, Soil Science Department, Graduate Programme of Soil Science, Lavras, MG, Brazil; Instituto Vale de Tecnologia, Belém, PA, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Oswaldo
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Siqueira
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Lavras, Soil Science Department, Graduate Programme of Soil Science, Lavras, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: fmoreira@dcs.ufla.br.
authors.forename: Fatima Maria
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: de Souza Moreira
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004787:Environmental Pollution; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000737:chemistry; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000145:classification*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry; D013172:Spores, Fungal
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants
keywords: Glomeromycota; Heavy metals; Mycorrhiza; Revegetation; Soil contamination