title: Biotypes analysis of Corynebacterium glutamicum growing in dicarboxylic acids demonstrates the existence of industrially-relevant intra-species variations.
abstract: Production enhancement of industrial microbial products or strains has been traditionally tackled by mutagenesis with chemical methods, irradiation or genetic manipulation. However, the final yield increase must go hand in hand with the resistance increasing against the usual inherent toxicity of the final products. Few studies have been carried out on resistance improvement and even fewer on the initial selection of naturally-generated biotypes, which could decrease the artificial mutagenesis. This fact is vital in the case of GRAS microorganisms as Corynebacterium glutamicum involved in food, feed and cosmetics production.
  
  The characteristic wide diversity and plasticity in terms of their genetic material of Actinobacteria eases the biotypes generation. Thus, differences in morphology, glutamate and lysine production and growth in media supplemented with dicarboxylic acids were analysed in four biotypes of C. glutamicum ATCC 13032. A 2D-DIGE analysis of these biotypes growing with itaconic acid allowed us to define their differences. Thus, an optimized central metabolism and better protection against the generated stress conditions present the CgL biotype as a suitable platform for production of itaconic acid, which is used as a building block (e.g.: acrylic plastic). This analysis highlights the preliminary biotypes screening as a way to reach optimal industrial productions.
authors.affiliation: INBIOTEC (Instituto de Biotecnología de León), Parque Científico de León, Avda. Real 1, 24006 León, Spain.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pérez-García
authors.affiliation: INBIOTEC (Instituto de Biotecnología de León), Parque Científico de León, Avda. Real 1, 24006 León, Spain; Área de Microbiología, Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain.
authors.forename: María F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Vasco-Cárdenas
authors.affiliation: INBIOTEC (Instituto de Biotecnología de León), Parque Científico de León, Avda. Real 1, 24006 León, Spain. Electronic address: c.barreiro@unileon.es.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barreiro
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D044822:Biodiversity; D048230:Corynebacterium glutamicum / Q000145:classification* / Q000254:growth & development; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D003998:Dicarboxylic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D007218:Industrial Microbiology / Q000379:methods*; D057825:Two-Dimensional Difference Gel Electrophoresis
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D003998:Dicarboxylic Acids
keywords: Biotype; Corynebacterium glutamicum; Dicarboxylic acid; Itaconate; Proteome; Succinate