title: Annual Fluctuations of Early Immigrant Populations of Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) in Jiangxi Province, China.
abstract: The white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera (Horváth), is a destructive migratory pest in east and southeast Asia. Huge populations stemming from annual migrations by this insect have caused a series of devastating losses to rice production. There have been numerous early immigrations in five of the past 10 yr but few early immigrations in the others. The annual fluctuation in early immigration is evident, but the mechanism behind these annual fluctuations is unclear. This research aimed to determine the underlying causes for the annual fluctuations in early immigration. We used trajectory analysis to explore the source areas and investigated the meteorological conditions to determine the reason for the annual fluctuations. The results showed that 1) the source areas of S. furcifera are mainly located west of Guangdong and east of Guangxi; 2) the annual fluctuations of the immigrant population size is significantly correlated with the frequency of prevailing winds; and 3) early immigration is influenced by both winter and spring temperatures in the south central Indochina peninsula. These results indicated that an allopatric prediction and sustainable management of rice planthoppers would be difficult to implement within one country. International cooperation and information exchange about this pest between China and other countries in Southeast Asia should be implemented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China (2012202039@njau.edu.cn; 2013202037@njau.edu.cn; 2014102108@njau.edu.cn; hugao@njau.edu.cn; bpzhai@njau.edu.cn).
authors.forename: Guo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China (2012202039@njau.edu.cn; 2013202037@njau.edu.cn; 2014102108@njau.edu.cn; hugao@njau.edu.cn; bpzhai@njau.edu.cn).
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China (2012202039@njau.edu.cn; 2013202037@njau.edu.cn; 2014102108@njau.edu.cn; hugao@njau.edu.cn; bpzhai@njau.edu.cn).
authors.forename: Xi-Jie
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China (2012202039@njau.edu.cn; 2013202037@njau.edu.cn; 2014102108@njau.edu.cn; hugao@njau.edu.cn; bpzhai@njau.edu.cn).
authors.forename: Gao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: National Agricultural Techniques Extension and Service Center, the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100125, China (luminghong@agri.gov.cn).
authors.forename: Ming-Hong
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Plant Protection and Quarantine Bureau of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330096, China (zhonglingjx@sohu.com).
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Wan'an County, Wan'an 343800, China (ddk2628@163.com).
authors.forename: De-Kang
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China (2012202039@njau.edu.cn; 2013202037@njau.edu.cn; 2014102108@njau.edu.cn; hugao@njau.edu.cn; bpzhai@njau.edu.cn) bpzhai@njau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Bao-Ping
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Zhai
mesh_terms: D063147:Animal Distribution; D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D006430:Hemiptera / Q000502:physiology*; D011156:Population Density; D012621:Seasons
keywords: Sogatella furcifera; annual fluctuation; early immigration; prevailing wind; surface temperature