title: Genomic analysis of the evolutionary lineage of Norovirus GII.4 from archival specimens during 1975-1987 in Tokyo.
abstract: This study aimed to analyze NoV GII.4 sequences from archival specimens obtained during 1975-1987 by comparing them with reference sequences. The first NoV GII.P4_GII.4 sequence was identified in 1980. NoV GII.4 collected in 1970 had a GII.P1_GII.4 sequence. These results indicate that the GII.P4_GII.4 sequence may be the result of a recombination that might have occurred around 1980. Amino acid substitutions based on this replacement were mainly accumulated in the NTPase, p22, and RdRp regions. The emergence of GII.P4_GII.4 sequence is considered to have ended the major prevalence of NoV GII.4. J. Med. Virol. 89:363-367, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Pei-Yu
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazushi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Motomura
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Somura
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Miyuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagano
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akiba
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Akemi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kai
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sadamasu
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D029322:Norovirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014041:Tokyo / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: genetic variability; mutation; recombination