title: Effect of Self Care Education with and without Telephone Follow-Up on the Level of Hope in Renal Dialysis Patients: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Various strategies such as teaching self care to hemodialysis patients have been employed to increase the level of their hope. This study aimed at examining the effects of a telephone follow-up program on the level of hope in a self care education program.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial, 75 hemodialysis patients, selected by convenient sampling, were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n=25 each) including a control, a self care education, or a self care education with telephone follow-up. The control group received the routine care. The self care education group received 5 instruction sessions. The telephone follow-up group had similar instructional sessions followed by telephone calls during the subsequent 2 months. Data, collected using demographic information list and Miller's hope questionnaire, were analyzed using Chi-Square, t-test, and one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffee test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference among the scores of hope in the three groups before the intervention (P=0.40). However, after the intervention, the level of hope in the self care education group and self care education plus telephone follow-up groups were significantly higher than that of the control group (P=0.001). Moreover, the level of hope in the group with self care education plus telephone follow-up was significantly (P=0.001) more than that of the self care education group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings indicated that teaching followed by telephone follow-up was associated with higher levels of hope. Therefore, such a strategy may be employed to improve the quality of life of patients with renal dialysis.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  IRCT2014042617440N1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Farzad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Poorgholami
authors.affiliation: Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Parisa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mansoori
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Zohreh
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Montaseri
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran.
authors.forename: Kazem
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Najafi
keywords: Follow-up studies; Hope; Renal dialysis; Self care; Telephone