title: Extracellular vesicles in renal tissue damage and regeneration.
abstract: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) appear as important actors in cell-to-cell communication. EV content is characterized by proteins and RNA species that dynamically reflect cell and tissue state. Urinary EVs in particular may act in inter-nephron communication with possible beneficial or detrimental effects. Increasing interest is addressed to the pharmacological properties of EVs as a cell-free therapy, since several of the effects crAQ/tgqcedited to stem cells have been recapitulated by administration of their EVs. Preclinical data in models of renal damage indicate a general regenerative potential of EVs derived from mesenchymal stromal cells of different sources, including bone marrow, fetal tissues, urine and kidney. In this review we will discuss the results on the effect of EVs in repair of acute and chronic renal injury, and the mechanisms involved. In addition, we will analyse the strategies for EV pharmacological applications in renal regenerative medicine and limits and benefits involved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center; University of Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bruno
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center; University of Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Porta
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center; University of Turin, Italy. Electronic address: benedetta.bussolati@unito.it.
authors.forename: Benedetta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bussolati
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000187:drug effects; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; D000067128:Extracellular Vesicles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects
keywords: Acute kidney injury; Cell-free therapy; Exosomes; Mesenchymal stem cells; MicroRNA