title: Development and validation of Iranian children's participation assessment scale.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Participation is mostly cultural and familial based, and there is not any assessment scales for evaluating kids' participation in Iranian context, therefore the purpose of this study was developing children's participation assessment scale for Iranian children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Development of this scale occurred in two phases; phase I: planning: following reviewing the literature and adopting and compiling some items of available evaluation tools in the area (such as CAPE, CPQ, CLASS, Life-H) and receiving advice from two expert panels, the preliminary94- item questionnaire was prepared. Phase II: construct: the survey study was carried out on40 children and 21 of their parents to assess the popularity of the activity in Iran; thus, the items of the questionnaire reduced to 92 and after face and content validity, the final version prepared with 71 items.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The final 71-item questionnaire was developed in two parent-report and child-report versions. The 71 items based on the literature and expert panels' advice were categorized in 8 areas of occupation according to Occupational Therapy Practice Framework (ADL, IADL, Play, leisure, social participation, education, work, and sleep/rest).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Iranian children's participation assessment is a useful and culturally relevant tool to measure participation of Iranian children. It can be used in rigorous clinical and population-based research.
authors.affiliation: PhD candidate of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. malekamini8@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Malek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amini
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor of Occupational Therapy, Department of Occupational Therapy and Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. mehraban.a@iums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Afsoon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hassani Mehraban
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. haghani511@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Haghni
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Mental Health and Behavioral Sciences School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. asgharnejad.ali@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ali Asghar
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Asgharnezhad
authors.affiliation: PhD candidate of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. mahany2002@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khayatzadeh Mahani
keywords: Children; Outcome measure; Participation; Scale development