title: New Approach to Create TiO2(B)/Carbon Core/Shell Nanotubes: Ideal Structure for Enhanced Lithium Ion Storage.
abstract: To achieve uniform carbon coating on TiO2 nanomaterials, high temperature (>500 °C) annealing treatment is a necessity. However, the annealing treatment inevitably leads to the strong phase transformation from TiO2(B) with high lithium ion storage (LIS) capacity to anatase with low LIS one as well as the damage of nanostructures. Herein, we demonstrate a new approach to create TiO2(B)/carbon core/shell nanotubes (C@TBNTs) using a long-chain silane polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) to bind the TBNTs by forming Si-O-Ti bonds. The key feature of this work is that the introduction of PMHS onto TBNTs can afford TBNTs with very high thermal stability at higher than 700 °C and inhibit the phase transformation from TiO2(B) to anatase. Such a high thermal property of PMHS-TBNTs makes them easily coated with highly graphitic carbon shell via CVD process at 700 °C. The as-prepared C@TBNTs deliver outstanding rate capability and electrochemical stability, i.e., reversible capacity above 250 mAh g(-1) at 10 C and a high specific capacity of 479.2 mAh g(-1) after 1000 cycles at 1 C. As far as we know, the LIS performance of our sample is the highest among the previously reported TiO2(B) anode materials.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Biomass Fibers, Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University , No. 308, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Analytical and Testing Centre, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China.
authors.forename: Xianfeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Biomass Fibers, Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University , No. 308, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
authors.forename: Chunxiao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Shaojun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Biomass Fibers, Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University , No. 308, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.|Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jianjiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Coal Chemistry, CAS , Taiyuan 030001, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhanfeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology , GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia.
authors.forename: Huaiyong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Marine Biomass Fibers, Materials and Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University , No. 308, Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
authors.forename: Dongjiang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
keywords: TiO2(B) nanotube; core/shell structure; lithium-ion battery anode; long-chain silane; surface binding