title: Do Urgent Caesarean Sections Have a Circadian Rhythm?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The primary goal of the present study was to demonstrate the existence of a possible circadian variation in urgent operative deliveries.
  
  
  METHODS
  All urgent caesarean sections between 1 January 2014 and 1 January 2015 with known exact onset times of operation were included in this retrospective study. Cases that were previously scheduled for elective caesarean section were excluded. Information regarding age, delivery date, onset time of operation and type of anaesthesia was collected from the database. Analyses were completed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) version 20.0 software. The statistical significance for all analyses was set at p<0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 285 urgent caesarean section deliveries were included in the study. There were 126 (44.2%) deliveries during the day shift and 159 (55.8%) during the night shift. 80 patients (28.1%) received general anaesthesia and 65 (22.8%) received spinal anaesthesia in the morning shift, whereas 54 patients (18.9%) received general anaesthesia and 86 (30.2%) received spinal anaesthesia during the night shift.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study suggested that urgent caesarean sections revealed a circadian rhythm during the day.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Gaziosmanpaşa University School of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Serkan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Doğru
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gaziosmanpaşa University School of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hatice Yılmaz
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Doğru
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Gaziosmanpaşa University School of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tuğba
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karaman
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Gaziosmanpaşa University School of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aynur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Şahin
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Gaziosmanpaşa University School of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tapar
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Gaziosmanpaşa University School of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Serkan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karaman
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Gaziosmanpaşa University School of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Semih
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arıcı
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gaziosmanpaşa University School of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Asker Zeki
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Özsoy
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gaziosmanpaşa University School of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Bülent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Çakmak
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gaziosmanpaşa University School of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Çiğdem Kunt
authors.initials: ÇK
authors.lastname: İşgüder
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gaziosmanpaşa University School of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: İlhan Bahri
authors.initials: İB
authors.lastname: Delibaş
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Gaziosmanpaşa University School of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey.
authors.forename: Alkan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karakış
keywords: Caesarean section; anaesthesia; general; spinal