title: Low back and neck and shoulder pain in members and non-members of adolescents' sports clubs: the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study.
abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of self-reported low back pain (LBP) and neck and shoulder pain (NSP), and the related factors in members and non-members of adolescents' sports clubs.
  
  
  
  This cross-sectional study was based on surveys of 14-16-year-olds as a part of the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) Study. The surveys on self-reported health behaviours, injuries, and musculoskeletal health were conducted among sports club members (n = 962) and non-members (n = 675). Binary logistic regression analysis was applied to study the associations between dependent variables of LBP and NSP, and the independent factors.
  
  
  
  The prevalence of LBP during the preceding 3 months was 35.0 % in girls and 24.5 % in boys (p < 0.05 for sex difference). The prevalence of NSP was 55.9 % in girls and 27.3 % in boys (p < 0.001 for sex difference). Being a sports club member increased the odds for LBP in boys (odds ratio [OR] 2.35, 95 % CI 1.48-3.72). On the other hand, sports club participation was associated with lower odds of frequent NSP in girls (OR 0.52, 95 % CI 0.33-0.82). No associations were found between other leisure-time physical activity and LBP or NSP. Higher screen time (computer games, TV/DVD, phone, Internet) during leisure-time increased the odds of NSP in boys and LBP in boys and girls.
  
  
  
  In this study, self-reported LBP and NSP were already relatively common among adolescents. Girls have a higher risk for reporting LBP and NSP. Measures that are more effective in the prevention of LBP in male sports club members are needed. Excessive screen time is weakly associated with LBP and NSP, which should be taken into account in health promotion among adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland. marleena.k.rossi@student.jyu.fi.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.affiliation: Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland.|UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pasanen
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kokko
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Alppikatu 2, FI-00530, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Alanko
authors.affiliation: Paavo Nurmi Centre & Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: O J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Heinonen
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports and Exercise Clinic, Oulu Deaconess Institute, Albertinkatu 18, FI-90100, Oulu, Finland.|University of Oulu, Center for Life Course Health Research, Oulu, Finland.|Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Korpelainen
authors.affiliation: Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Haapaniementie 16, FI-70100, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Savonen
authors.affiliation: LIKES Foundation for Sports and Health Sciences and Mehiläinen Physical Activity Clinic, P.O. Box 35, FI-40720, Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Selänne
authors.affiliation: UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vasankari
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kannas
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kujala
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Villberg
authors.affiliation: Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland.|UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Parkkari
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D019547:Neck Pain / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D020069:Shoulder Pain / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000067009:Youth Sports / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
keywords: Adolescence; Low back pain; Neck and shoulder pain; Prevalence; Sports club participation