title: Taking a Step Forward in Laparoscopic Donor Nephrectomy: Transvaginal Retrieval of Donor's Kidney.
abstract: Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy has been broadly recognized as the gold standard for kidney procurement used in kidney transplantation where it is not uncommon for donors to experience discomfort and aesthetic dissatisfaction over larger incision site. Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery is a surgical approach that allows scarless intraabdominal operations through natural orifices, such as the vagina. In this case report, we describe the first case of transvaginal retrieval of donor's kidney at the National University Hospital, Singapore. A 51-year-old Malay lady with no significant medical history volunteered to a living-related kidney donor. Perioperative antibiotics were administered. A 12 mm Excel port was placed over the left iliac fossa with camera insertion. Two additional ports were inserted over the left rectus sheath edge and left costal margin under direct vision. An additional 5 mm port at the left loin was placed for lateral retraction. A vaginal probe was then inserted to facilitate posterior colpotomy and transection of the left uterosacral ligament. Pneumoperitoneum was subsequently maintained with a LiNA McCartney(®) Tube. A 15 mm Endocatch(®) bag was inserted for retrieval of the kidney. The left kidney was placed in the Endocatch bag after transection of the hilar vessels where the kidney was retrieved vaginally with ease. Colpotomy was closed vaginally using Vicryl-0 continuous suture. Total blood loss was noted as 50 mL with warm ischemia time being 7 minutes and the entire retrieval taking totally 20 minutes. Postoperative recovery was uneventful and the donor was discharged stable 3 days postoperation. The transplanted kidney retained normal graft function. Colpotomy retrieval for donor nephrectomy presents an innovative method for specimen retrieval with minimal disruption of donor anatomy. Doing away with laparotomy for kidney retrieval has indeed shown a reduction in recovery time, reduced postoperative pain, and better cosmetic outcome.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore .
authors.forename: Ying Hao
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore .
authors.forename: Yu Ming Joel
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore .
authors.forename: Ying Woo
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Urology, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore .
authors.forename: Ho Yee
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Tiong
mesh_terms: D020884:Colpotomy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D019520:Living Donors; D008875:Middle Aged; D057605:Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery / Q000379:methods*; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods*