title: Antidiabetic potential of bioactive molecules coated chitosan nanoparticles in experimental rats.
abstract: The present study was carried out to examine the antidiabetic effects of chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) loaded with (Stevia rebaudiana leaf extract-SRLE) bioactive molecules in a rat model of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes mellitus. Successful crosslinking of the bioactive molecules to the chitosan nanoparticles was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The colloidal characteristics of the synthesized nanoparticles were revealed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. Morphological analysis by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) revealed that thebioactive molecule-loaded CNPs were well-dispersed and spherical or polygonal in shape with an average size of<73.27nm than the z-average value (327nm) as measured by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). SRLE CNP-treated diabetic rats showed a significant reduction in their mean fasting blood glucose level compared with the diabetic control group. The serum levels of various enzymes viz., serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatases (ALP), lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant such as catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the SRLE CNP-treated group were closer to normal levels than those in the diabetic control group.
authors.affiliation: Plant Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, PeriyarPalkalai Nagar, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Periyar University, PeriyarPalkalai Nagar, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42102, USA. Electronic address: pvenkat67@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Venkatachalam
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Perumal
authors.affiliation: Plant Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, PeriyarPalkalai Nagar, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Thiyagarajan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Manickam
authors.affiliation: Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, South Korea.
authors.forename: Keuk-Soo
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, South Korea.
authors.forename: Palanivel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Velmurugan
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596, South Korea; Plant Medical Research Center, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, South Korea. Electronic address: btoh@jbnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Byung-Taek
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Oh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D036625:Stevia / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Antidiabetic; Antioxidant enzymes; Bioactive molecules; Chitosan; Nanoparticles; Stevia rebaudiana