title: Effects of butylated hydroxyanisole on the steroidogenesis of rat immature Leydig cells.
abstract: Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) is a synthetic antioxidant used for food preservation. Whether BHA affects testosterone biosynthesis is still unclear. The effects of BHA on the steroidogenesis in rat immature Leydig cells were investigated. Rat immature Leydig cells were isolated from 35-old-day rats and cultured with BHA (50 μM) for 3 h in combination with 22R-OH-cholesterol, pregnenolone, progesterone, androstenedione, testosterone or dihydrotestosterone, and the concentrations of 5α-androstanediol and testosterone in the media were measured. Leydig cells were cultured with BHA (0.05-50 μM) for 3 h. Q-PCR was used to measure the mRNA levels of following genes: Lhcgr, Scarb1, Star, Cyp11a1, Hsd3b1, Cyp17a1, Hsd17b3, Srd5a1 and Akr1c14. The testis microsomes were prepared to detect the direct action of BHA on 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (HSD3B1), 17α-hydroxylase (CYP17A1) and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 activities. In Leydig cells, BHA (50 μM) significantly inhibited LH- and 8Br-cAMP-mediated androgen production. BHA directly inhibited rat testis CYP17A1 and HSD3B1 activities. At 50 μM, it also reduced the expression levels of Hsd17b3 and Srd5a1 and their protein levels. In conclusion, BHA directly inhibits the activities of CYP17A1 and HSD3B1, and the expression levels of Hsd17b3 and Srd5a1, leading to the lower production of androgen in Leydig cells.
authors.affiliation: a Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China.
authors.forename: Xiaoheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China.
authors.forename: Shuyan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: a Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China.
authors.forename: Baiping
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: a Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China.
authors.forename: Yanfang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: a Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China.
authors.forename: Xiaomin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: a Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China.
authors.forename: Xiudi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: a Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China.
authors.forename: Linxi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: a Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China.
authors.forename: Qingquan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmacy , Zhejiang Cancer Hospital , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: a Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , Zhejiang , China.
authors.forename: Ren-Shan
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Ge
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000633:toxicity*; D002083:Butylated Hydroxyanisole / Q000633:toxicity*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005520:Food Preservatives / Q000633:toxicity*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D007985:Leydig Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005520:Food Preservatives; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D002083:Butylated Hydroxyanisole
keywords: Butylated hydroxyanisole; Leydig cells; steroidogenesis; steroids; testosterone