title: Patterns of perspectives on fall-prevention beliefs by community-dwelling older adults: a Q method investigation.
abstract: Falling has high incidence and reoccurrence rates and is an essential factor contributing to accidental injury or death for older adults. Enhancing the participation of community-dwelling older adults in fall-prevention programs is crucial. Understanding fall-prevention beliefs will be beneficial for developing a community-based fall-prevention program. The aim of the present study was to identify the distinct types of subjective views on the fall-prevention beliefs of community-dwelling older adults aged 80 years and older by applying the Q method.
  
  
  
  The Q method was adopted to investigate the pattern of perception on fall-prevention beliefs. Forty-two older adults aged 80 - 92 years from a community care center in Northern Taiwan were recruited and requested to complete a Q-sorting. A series of Q-sorts was performed by the participants to rank 30 statements into a normal distribution Q-sort grid. The Q-sorts were subjected to principal component analysis by using PQMethod software Version 2.35.
  
  
  
  Four statistically independent perspectives were derived from the analysis and reflected distinct viewpoints on beliefs related to fall prevention. Participants in the Considerate perspective believed that health problems caused by falling were serious and fall prevention could decrease the burden they place on their family. Participants in the Promising perspective believed that existing health problems could cause a fall and that fall prevention contributed to their well-being. Participants in the Adaptable perspective perceived low barriers to execute fall prevention and displayed self-confidence and independence in preventing falls. Participants in the Ignorance perspective believed that they could not prevent falls and perceived barriers to fall prevention.
  
  
  
  By combining theoretical constructs and the Q methodology approach, this study identified four distinct perspectives on fall prevention among community-dwelling older adults. Critical reflection on older adult personal perspectives and interpretations of the required responsive approach is a key element for appropriating fall-prevention support.
authors.affiliation: Department of Senior Citizen Service Management, Ching Kuo Institute of Management & Health, No.336, Fu Hsin Rd., Keelung, 20301, Taiwan.|Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, No.162, Sec. 1, He-ping East Road, Taipei, 10610, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shueh-Fen
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Care, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, No.92, Shengjing Rd., Taipei, 11260, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Su-Fei
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Nursing Department, University of Kang Ning, No.137, Lane 75, Sec. 3, Kangning Rd., Neihu District, Taipei City, 11486, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Li-Ting
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Record, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No.325,Sec.2,Chenggong Rd., Neihu District, Taipei City, 11490, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Mei-Chuen
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, No.162, Sec. 1, He-ping East Road, Taipei, 10610, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jung-Yu
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, No.162, Sec. 1, He-ping East Road, Taipei, 10610, Taiwan. jonglong@ntnu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Jong-Long
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003469:Culture; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D057187:Independent Living / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D016730:Program Development; D012008:Recurrence; D012107:Research Design; D055502:Secondary Prevention / Q000379:methods*; D012649:Self Concept; D012938:Social Perception; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Beliefs; Fall prevention; Older adults; Q methodology