title: Efficacy and tolerability of a spray product containing hydroxypropyl chitosan, climbazole and piroctone olamine, applied twice weekly for the treatment of the pitiriasis versicolor.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of a product containing hydroxypropyl chitosan, climbazole and piroctone olamine, by monitoring the adherence and the penetration of the molecules in the skin. Confocal microscopy led us to show the persistence of the active compound for a long time in the stratum corneum, thanks to the presence of hydroxypropyl chitosan. This evidence suggests a new protocol of application (a biweekly application, rather than daily).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients (17 males, 13 females; average age 20.8 years) were selected from 3 dermatological centers: the Dermatological Clinic of "Federico II" University of Naples; the Dermatological outpatient clinic of Bologna private hospital "Villa Nigrisoli"; the Section of Cutaneous Appendages of the European Dermatological Institute of Milan. The study protocol entailed application of a topical spray product 2 evenings a week for 2 months. Confocal microscopy, dermoscopy and photographic documentation were performed at the moment of diagnosis (T0), 12 hours after the first application (T1), after 7 days (T2), after 1 month (T3) and after 2 months (T4).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The improvements of clinical symptoms were documented by dermoscopy and digital photos. Confocal microscopy shows the persistence of the product in the stratum corneum, at different times of observations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A biweekly application of a product containing hydroxypropyl chitosan, climbazole and piroctone olamine shows a clinical significative improvement, evaluated through digital photographs and dermoscopic images, with complete resolution at T4 in 100% of cases.
authors.affiliation: Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy - gafabbro@unina.it.
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fabbrocini
authors.affiliation: Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Luigia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Panariello
authors.affiliation: &quot;Villa Nigrisoli&quot;, Bologna Private Hospital, Dermatologic Outpatient Clinic, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: DE Padova
authors.affiliation: Section of Cutaneous Appendages, European Dermatological Institute of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lorenzi
authors.affiliation: Section of Cutaneous Appendages, European Dermatological Institute of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Caro
authors.affiliation: Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marasca
authors.affiliation: Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Russo
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D048271:Chitosan / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D046169:Dermoscopy; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D011728:Pyridones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013997:Time Factors; D014010:Tinea Versicolor / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004983:Ethanolamines; D007093:Imidazoles; D011728:Pyridones; D048271:Chitosan; C108286:climbazole; C052599:piroctone olamine