title: Pilot trial of a parenting and self-care intervention for HIV-positive mothers: the IMAGE program.
abstract: A pilot study was conducted to assess the effects of the IMAGE pilot intervention (Improving Mothers' parenting Abilities, Growth, and Effectiveness) on mothers living with HIV (MLH). Based on Fisher and Fisher's IMB model [1992. Changing AIDS risk behavior. Psychological Bulletin, 111, 455-474], the intervention focused on self-care and parenting behavior skills of MLH that affect maternal, child, and family outcomes. A randomized pre-test-post-test two-group design with repeated assessments was used. MLH (n = 62) and their children aged 6-14 (n = 62; total N = 124) were recruited for the trial and randomized to the theory-based skills training condition or a standard care control condition. Assessments were conducted at baseline with follow-ups at 3, 6, and 12 months. Maternal, child, and family outcomes were assessed. Results show significant effects of the intervention for improving parenting practices for mothers. The intervention also improved family outcomes, and showed improvements in the parent-child relationship. IMAGE had a positive impact on parenting behaviors, and on maternal, child, and family outcomes. Given MLH can be challenged by their illness and also live in under-resourced environments, IMAGE may be viewed as a viable way to improve quality of life and family outcomes.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychiatry, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
authors.forename: Debra A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.affiliation: b Department of Psychology , Georgia State University , Atlanta , GA , USA.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Armistead
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychiatry, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
authors.forename: Diana L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Payne
authors.affiliation: c Department of Psychology , California State University , Fullerton , CA , USA.
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Marelich
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychiatry, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
authors.forename: Diane M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Herbeck
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D004505:Education, Nonprofessional; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009035:Mothers / Q000193:education* / Q000523:psychology*; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011788:Quality of Life; D012648:Self Care
keywords: Maternal HIV; child outcomes; family outcomes; intervention; maternal outcomes; parenting skills