title: Hospital Mortality in the United States following Acute Kidney Injury.
abstract: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common reason for hospital admission and complication of many inpatient procedures. The temporal incidence of AKI and the association of AKI admissions with in-hospital mortality are a growing problem in the world today. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology of AKI and its association with in-hospital mortality in the United States. AKI has been growing at a rate of 14% per year since 2001. However, the in-hospital mortality associated with AKI has been on the decline starting with 21.9% in 2001 to 9.1 in 2011, even though the number of AKI-related in-hospital deaths increased almost twofold from 147,943 to 285,768 deaths. We discuss the importance of the 71% reduction in AKI-related mortality among hospitalized patients in the United States and draw on the discussion of whether or not this is a phenomenon of hospital billing (coding) or improvements to the management of AKI.
authors.affiliation: The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA; Department of Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA; Department of Community and Family Medicine, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA.
authors.forename: Jeremiah R
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7480-3891
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA; Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI 48309, USA.
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Rezaee
authors.affiliation: The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA.
authors.forename: Emily J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.affiliation: Geriatrics Research Education & Clinical Center (GRECC), Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (TVHS), Veterans Health Administration, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Matheny
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000401:mortality*; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D014481:United States