title: A study on the spectroscopic, energy band, and optoelectronic properties of α,ω-dihexylsexithiophene/tris(8-hydroxyquinolinate) gallium blends; DH6T/Gaq3 composite system.
abstract: In this work the optical response, spectroscopic behaviour, and optoelectronic properties of solution and solid state composite systems based on α,ω-dihexylsexithiophene/tris(8-hydroxyquinolinate) gallium (DH6T/Gaq3) are studied upon the incorporation of different molar percentages of Gaq3. UV-vis, PL, FTIR spectrophotometers and SEM technique were utilized to perform the investigations. The results showed a reduced energy band (Eg) (from 2.33eV to 1.83eV) and a broadened absorption spectrum for the blend system when 29.8% molar of Gaq3 was incorporated. These were attributed to the enhanced intermolecular interactions that are brought about by the increased strength of π-π overlap between the molecular moieties. A mathematical formula was developed to interpret the non-monotonic change occurred in Eg, while numerical calculations have been made to assign the type and nature of the electronic transitions governing the spectroscopic behaviour of the system. The results were elaborated and comprehensively discussed in terms of the exciton generation, energy band theory, molecular interactions, and spatial geometry.
authors.affiliation: Center for Composites, Institute for Vehicle Systems & Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Soft Materials & Devices Lab, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science & Health, Koya University, Koya, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
authors.forename: Fahmi F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Muhammad
authors.affiliation: Center for Composites, Institute for Vehicle Systems & Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. Electronic address: yazidyahya@utm.my.
authors.forename: Mohd Yazid
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Yahya
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
authors.forename: Kamal Aziz
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Ketuly
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Kirkuk, Kirkuk, Iraq.
authors.forename: Abdulkader Jaleel
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Muhammad
authors.affiliation: Low Dimensional Materials Research Centre (LDMRC), Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Khaulah
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sulaiman
keywords: Composites; DH6T/Gaq3; Energy band; Optoelectronics; Spectroscopy