title: Somatostatin receptors in resected hepatocellular carcinoma: status and correlation with markers of poor prognosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the status of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) in resected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transcript and protein levels of SSTR2, SSTR3 and SSTR5 were investigated, with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and manual and automated immunohistochemistry (IHC), in 53 resected HCCs and paired non-tumour tissues. SSTR1, SSTR4, SSTR5TMD4 and SSTR5TMD5 were analysed with real-time PCR. SSTR3 and SSTR5 transcripts were expressed in ~25% of HCCs, but not in adjacent non-tumour tissues. SSTR1 and SSTR2 transcripts were overexpressed in 42% and 32% of HCCs, respectively. SSTR4, SSTR5TMD4 and SSTR5TMD5 were not detected. Membrane staining for SSTR2 was detected in 38% of HCCs, whereas SSTR5 protein was detectable in only 11% of HCCs. SSTR3 protein was detected in the majority of HCCs and adjacent non-tumour liver tissues, but membrane staining was <20% of that in HCCs. The results obtained with the two IHC methods were highly correlated (P < 0.0001). Statistical analyses also showed a positive correlation between SSTR2 membrane staining and cytokeratin 19 expression (P = 0.04), serum α-fetoprotein level (P = 0.002), and poor differentiation (P = 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Membrane SSTR2 is detected reliably in HCCs by IHC, and is a potential therapeutic target, as it is coexpressed with markers of poor prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatology, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France.|Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR_S 938, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lequoy
authors.affiliation: Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR_S 938, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Christèle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Desbois-Mouthon
authors.affiliation: Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR_S 938, Paris, France.|Department of Pathology, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wendum
authors.affiliation: Oncology and Biomarkers, Ipsen Biosci. Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Vandana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Ipsen Innovation, R&D, Les Ulis, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Blachon
authors.affiliation: Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR_S 938, Paris, France.|Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Scatton
authors.affiliation: Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR_S 938, Paris, France.|Department of Pathology, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dumont
authors.affiliation: Ipsen Innovation, R&D, Les Ulis, France.
authors.forename: Mireille
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonnemaire
authors.affiliation: Ipsen Innovation, R&D, Les Ulis, France.
authors.forename: Fabien
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schmidlin
authors.affiliation: Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR_S 938, Paris, France.|Department of Hepatology, AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rosmorduc
authors.affiliation: Saint-Antoine Research Centre, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR_S 938, Paris, France.|Department of Hepatology, AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Laetitia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fartoux
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017481:Receptors, Somatostatin / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017481:Receptors, Somatostatin; C574734:SSTR2 protein, human
keywords: SSTR2; hepatocellular carcinoma; immunohistochemistry; liver resection; prognosis; somatostatin receptors