title: The role of microRNAs in respiratory viral infection: friend or foe?
abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a class of regulatory RNAs in host-pathogen interactions. Aberrant miRNA expression seems to play a central role in the pathology of several respiratory viruses, promoting development and progression of infection. miRNAs may thus serve as therapeutic and prognostic factors for respiratory viral infectious disease caused by a variety of agents. We present a comprehensive review of recent findings related to the role of miRNAs in different respiratory viral infections and discuss possible therapeutic opportunities aiming to attenuate the burden of viral infections. Our review supports the emerging concept that cellular and viral-encoded miRNAs might be broadly implicated in human respiratory viral infections, with either positive or negative effects on virus life cycle. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tahamtan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.
authors.forename: Christopher S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Inchley
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marzban
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, school of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Masoumeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tavakoli-Yaraki
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Teymoori-Rad
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.|Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Britt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nakstad
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Vahid
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Salimi
mesh_terms: D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs