title: X-Ray Spectrometry of Copper: New Results on an Old Subject.
abstract: We review recent, and some less recent, measurements of several emission spectra of copper. The results are discussed with special emphasis on elucidating the structure of the Kα 1,2 and Kβ 1,3 diagram lines and their underlying transitions. These lines are found to contain ≈30 % contribution from 3d spectator hole transitions. Other multielectronic transitions, the 2p spectator hole (satellites) and 1s spectator hole (hypersatellites) transitions were also measured. They are discussed paying special attention to the evolution of the lineshapes and intensities from the excitation threshold to saturation. Trends in the measured quantities depending on the spectator hole's shell and subshell are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Physics Dept., Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gann 52900, Israel.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deutsch
authors.affiliation: Institute for Optics and Quantum Electronics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Förster
authors.affiliation: Institute for Optics and Quantum Electronics, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hölzer
authors.affiliation: ESRF, B.P. 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Härtwig
authors.affiliation: Division of X-Ray Physics, Department of Physical Sciences, P.O.B. 64, FIN-0014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hämäläinen
authors.affiliation: NSLS, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, U.S.A.
authors.forename: C-C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.affiliation: Division of X-Ray Physics, Department of Physical Sciences, P.O.B. 64, FIN-0014 University of Helsinki, Finland, (Present address: ESRF, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France).
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huotari
authors.affiliation: Physics Dept., Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gann 52900, Israel.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Diamant
keywords: copper; hypersatellites; multi-electronic transitions; satellites; x-ray spectra