title: Dietary intake of manganese and the risk of the metabolic syndrome in a Chinese population.
abstract: Animal studies have suggested that Mn might be associated with some components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). A few epidemiological studies have assessed dietary Mn intake and its association with the risk of the MetS and its components among Chinese adults. In this study, we assessed daily dietary Mn intake and its relationship with MetS risk among Chinese adults in Zhejiang Province using data from the 5th Chinese National Nutrition and Health Survey (2010-2012). A total of 2111 adults were included. Dietary Mn intake was assessed using 3-d 24-h dietary recalls; health-related data were obtained by questionnaire surveys, physical examinations and laboratory assessments. The mean intake of Mn was 6·07 (sd 2·94) mg/d for men (n 998) and 5·13 (sd 2·65) mg/d for women (n 1113). Rice (>42 %) was the main food source of Mn. The prevalence of the MetS was 28·0 % (590/2111). Higher Mn intake was associated with a decreased risk of the MetS in men (Q4 v. Q1 OR 0·62; 95 % CI 0·42, 0·92; P trend=0·043) but an increased risk in women (Q4 v. Q1 OR 1·56; 95 % CI 1·02, 2·45; P trend=0·078). In addition, Mn intake was inversely associated with abdominal obesity (P trend=0·016) and hypertriacylglycerolaemia (P trend=0·029) in men, but positively associated with low HDL-cholesterol in both men (P trend=0·003) and women (P trend<0·001). Our results suggest that higher Mn intakes may be protective against the MetS in men. The inverse association between Mn intake and the MetS in women might be due to the increased risk for low HDL-cholesterol.
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310051,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Biao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: 2School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine,The Chinese University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong, 999077,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xuefen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310051,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Danting
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: 2School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine,The Chinese University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong, 999077,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fangfang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.affiliation: 2School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine,The Chinese University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong, 999077,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Maggie Haitian
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310051,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lichun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310051,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Enshan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310051,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yibo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310051,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: 4Medical School of Ningbo University,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315211,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Denghua
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: 4Medical School of Ningbo University,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315211,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xuhui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: 2School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine,The Chinese University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong, 999077,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Engkiong
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yeoh
authors.affiliation: 1Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310051,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ronghua
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: 5National Institute for Nutrition and Health,Beijing 100050,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Gangqiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002681:China; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005260:Female; D005504:Food Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008345:Manganese / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D008345:Manganese
keywords: Dietary intake; HDL-cholesterol; Manganese; MetS metabolic syndrome; Metabolic syndrome; TAG; WC waist circumference