title: Divergent functional profiles of acidic and basic phospholipases A2 in the venom of the snake Porthidium lansbergii lansbergii.
abstract: The Lansberg's hognose pitviper, Porthidium lansbergii lansbergii, inhabits northern Colombia. A recent proteomic characterization of its venom (J. Proteomics [2015] 114, 287-299) revealed the presence of phospholipases A2 (PLA2) accounting for 16.2% of its proteins. The two most abundant PLA2s were biochemically and functionally characterized. Pllans-I is a basic, dimeric enzyme with a monomer mass of 14,136 Da, while Pllans-II is an acidic, monomeric enzyme of 13,901 Da. Both have Asp49 in their partial amino acid sequences and, accordingly, are catalytically active upon natural or synthetic substrates. Nevertheless, these two enzymes differ markedly in their bioactivities. Pllans-I induces myonecrosis, edema, and is lethal by intracerebro-ventricular injection in mice, as well as cytolytic and anticoagulant in vitro. In contrast, Pllans-II is devoid of these effects, except for the induction of a moderate edema. In spite of lacking myotoxicity, Pllans-II enhances the muscle damaging action of Pllans-I in vivo. Altogether, results further illustrate the divergent functional profiles of basic and acidic PLA2s in viperid venoms, and suggest that Pllans-I plays a myotoxic role in envenomings by P. l. lansbergii, whereas Pllans-II, apparently devoid of toxicity, enhances muscle damage caused by Pllans-I.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Nutrición, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Calle 4B # 36-00, Cali, Colombia.
authors.forename: Eliécer
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Charris
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Nutrición, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Calle 4B # 36-00, Cali, Colombia.
authors.forename: Leonel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Montealegre-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Herpetología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Calle 4B # 36-00, Cali, Colombia.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Solano-Redondo
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Herpetología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Calle 4B # 36-00, Cali, Colombia.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Castro-Herrera
authors.affiliation: Farmacología Univalle, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Calle 4B # 36-00, Cali, Colombia.
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fierro-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José 11501, Costa Rica. Electronic address: bruno.lomonte@ucr.ac.cr.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lomonte
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D056148:Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D054467:Phospholipases A2 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014757:Viper Venoms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000633:toxicity; D017819:Viperidae
chemical_list: D014757:Viper Venoms; D054467:Phospholipases A2
keywords: Cytotoxin; Myotoxin; Phospholipase A(2); Porthidium lansbergii lansbergii; Snake venom