title: Perioperative management in children with chronic pain.
abstract: Children with chronic pain often undergo surgery and effective perioperative management of their pain can be challenging. Identification of the pediatric chronic pain patient preoperatively and development of a perioperative pain plan may help ensure a safer and more comfortable perioperative course. Successful management usually requires multiple different classes of analgesics, regional anesthesia, and adjunctive nonpharmacological therapies. Neuropathic and oncological pain can be especially difficult to treat and usually requires an individualized approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Cook Children's Hospital, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Meredith R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Golianu
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods*; D019990:Perioperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative
keywords: children; chronic pain; opioid-tolerant; pediatric; perioperative management; surgical