title: Cost-Effectiveness of Three Rounds of Mammography Breast Cancer Screening in Iranian Women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Breast cancer is the most common cancer in Iranian women as is worldwide. Mammography screening has been introduced as a beneficial method for reducing mortality and morbidity of this disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We developed an analytical model to assess the cost effectiveness of an organized mammography screening program in Iran for early detection of the breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study is an economic evaluation of mammography screening program among Iranian woman aged 40 - 70 years. A decision tree and Markov model were applied to estimate total quality adjusted life years (QALY) and lifetime costs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results revealed that the incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) of mammography screening in Iranian women in the first round was Int. $ 37,350 per QALY gained. The model showed that the ICER in the second and third rounds of screening program were Int. $ 141,641 and Int. $ 389,148 respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Study results identified that mammography screening program was cost-effective in 53% of the cases, but incremental cost per QALY in the second and third rounds of screening are much higher than the accepted payment threshold of Iranian health system. Thus, evaluation of other screening strategies would be useful to identify more cost-effective program. Future studies with new national data can improve the accuracy of our finding and provide better information for health policy makers for decision making.
authors.affiliation: Breast Cancer Research Center (BCRC), ACECR, Tehran, IR Iran; Epidemiology Department, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Shahpar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haghighat
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Center (CRC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Esmaeil
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Akbari
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology Department, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), Tehran, IR Iran; Department of Health and Community Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Parvin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yavari
authors.affiliation: Health Economics Research Unit, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Javanbakht
authors.affiliation: Iranian Social Security Organization, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Shahram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghaffari
keywords: Cost Effectiveness; Iran, QALY; Mammography; Screening