title: Dietary high oleic canola oil supplemented with docosahexaenoic acid attenuates plasma proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels in participants with cardiovascular disease risk: A randomized control trial.
abstract: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a novel circulating protein which plays an important role in regulation of cholesterol metabolism by promoting hepatic LDL receptor degradation. However, the action of dietary fat composition on PCSK9 levels remains to be fully elucidated. The objective was to investigate the action of different dietary oils on circulating PCSK9 levels in the Canola Oil Multicenter Intervention Trial (COMIT). COMIT employed a double-blinded crossover randomized control design, consisting of five 30-d treatment periods. Diets were provided based on a 3000Kcal/d intake, including a 60g/d treatment of conventional canola oil (Canola), a high oleic canola/DHA oil blend (CanolaDHA), a corn/safflower oil blend (CornSaff), a flax/safflower oil blend (FlaxSaff) or a high oleic canola oil (CanolaOleic). Plasma PCSK9 levels were assessed using ELISA at the end of each phase. Lipid profiles (n=84) showed that CanolaDHA feeding resulted in the highest (P<0.05) serum total cholesterol (TC, 5.06±0.09mmol/L) and LDL-cholesterol levels (3.15±0.08mmol/L) across all five treatments. CanolaDHA feeding also produced the lowest (P<0.05) plasma PCSK9 concentrations (216.42±8.77ng/mL) compared to other dietary oil treatments. Plasma PCSK9 levels positively correlated (P<0.05) with serum TC, LDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein A, and apolipoprotein B levels but did not correlate to HDL-cholesterol levels. Results indicate that post-treatment response in PCSK9 may be altered with the CanolaDHA diet. In conclusion, the elevated LDL-C levels from a DHA oil treatment may not be relevant for the observed decline in PCSK9 levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
authors.forename: Shuaihua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Celia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
authors.forename: Vanu Ramkumar
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Ramprasath
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Segura-Carretero
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Electronic address: Peter.Jones@umanitoba.ca.
authors.forename: Peter J H
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D000071449:Proprotein Convertase 9 / Q000097:blood*; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D012307:Risk Factors; D012450:Safflower Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D008055:Lipids; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D019301:Oleic Acid; D012450:Safflower Oil; D000071449:Proprotein Convertase 9
keywords: Cardiovascular disease; DHA; LDL-C; PCSK9; Randomized control trial