title: Immunity enhancement with administration of Gracilaria corticata and Saccharomyces cerevisiae compared to gamma irradiation in expose to WSSV in shrimp, in juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei: A comparative study.
abstract: This paper investigates the efficacy of Gracilaria corticata, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and gamma irradiation WSSV as immunostimulants to white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Seven hundred and twenty healthy shrimp SPF L. vannamei subadult with average weight of 10 ± 1.02 g were collected and divided into 8 groups. The first group (T1) was fed with commercial pellet, the second group (T2) fed with S. cerevisiae (2 g/kg), the third group (T3) fed with G. corticata powder mixed with shrimp feed (2 g/kg) and, finally, the fourth group (T4) was fed with commercial pellet and injected intramuscularly gamma irradiant WSSV (1 μl/gbw) for 10 days. The shrimps were then injected with WSSV and maintained for 25 days. The positive control group for each treatment was maintained in the same manner but without injection with WSSV. Moreover, survival rate and immune parameters such as total hemocyte count (THC), total protein plasma (TPP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity and phenoloxidase activity (PO) were determined. Results indicated that the survival rates for groups T4, T3 T2 and T1 were 57.05 ± 3.52%, 22.5 ± 0.5%, 15 ± 1.05% and 00.0 ± 0%, respectively. Ultimately, at the end of the study the shrimp group T4 showed higher hematological data: THC, TPP, SOD, POD and PO. The study concluded that gamma irradiant WSSV is effective immunostimulants in shrimp L. vannamei and the immunity has better performances than those of the G. corticata and S. cerevisiae.
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquatic Animal Health & Diseases, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Org.(AREEO), Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Tehran-Karaj High Way, Sarve Azad Ave., Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Afsharnasab
authors.affiliation: Department of Aquatic Animal Health & Diseases, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Org.(AREEO), Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Tehran-Karaj High Way, Sarve Azad Ave., Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: bsh443@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shapour
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kakoolaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Aquatic Animal Health and Disease, South Iranian Aquaculture Center, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehrdad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohammadidost
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D044724:Gracilaria / Q000276:immunology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007114:Immunization / Q000662:veterinary*; D008136:Longevity / Q000276:immunology; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000276:immunology*; D019936:Probiotics; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000737:chemistry*; D046848:White spot syndrome virus 1 / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects
keywords: Gamma irradiant WSSV; Immune parameters; Immunostimulant; Litopenaeus vannamei; Survival rate; White spot syndrome virus