title: Breadboard Amplifier: Building and Using Simple Electrophysiology Equipment.
abstract: Electrophysiology is a valuable skill for the neuroscientist, but the learning curve for students can be steep. Here we describe a very simple electromyography (EMG) amplifier that can be built from scratch by students with no electronics experience in about 30 minutes, making it ideal for incorporating into a laboratory activity. With few parts and no adjustments except the gain, students can begin physiology experiments quickly while having the satisfaction of having built the equipment themselves. Because the output of the circuit goes to a computer sound card, students can listen to electrophysiological activity as they see it on the computer screen, a feature many of our students greatly appreciated. Various applications are discussed, including dual channel recording, using streaming media platforms with remote lab partners and acquiring data in the field on a smart phone. Our students reported that they enjoyed being able to build a working device and using it to record from their own muscles.
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, St. Olaf College, Northfield, MN 55057.
authors.forename: Kevin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Crisp
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, St. Olaf College, Northfield, MN 55057.
authors.forename: Hunter
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, St. Olaf College, Northfield, MN 55057.
authors.forename: Issa
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Prosper
keywords: building equipment; electrical circuits; electromyography; laboratory exercises; remote learning