title: Physical Fitness and Body Composition Two Years after Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass in Adolescents.
abstract: We have previously shown promising results 2 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, within the Adolescence Morbid Obesity Surgery study (AMOS). The aim of the current study was to describe the 2-year outcome in cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and functional capacity in the Stockholm subset of the AMOS study.
  
  
  
  Forty-one adolescents (10 male, 31 female, age 14-18 years, body mass index 35-69 kg·m-2) were included. In addition to anthropometric measurements, participants performed a submaximal bicycle test, 6-min walk test, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and a short interview at baseline, 1 and 2 years after surgery.
  
  
  
  Relative improvements in maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) per kilogram body mass (+62 %) and per kilogram fat-free mass (+21 %), as well as walking distance (+13 %) were observed after 1 year, and persisted 2 years after surgery. Despite a reduction of fat-free mass (-15 %), absolute VO2max was maintained across the full group (+8 %, p = ns) and significantly increased in non-smokers. Body mass and fat mass were significantly decreased (-45.4 and -33.3 kg, respectively). Self-reported physical activity was significantly increased, and pain associated with movement was reduced.
  
  
  
  In adolescents with obesity, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass improved VO2max more than could be explained by fat mass loss alone. In combination with improved functional capacity and body composition, these results suggest that surgery in adolescence might add specific benefits of importance for future health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Paediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, B62, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden. markus.brissman@ki.se.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brissman
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Paediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, B62, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ekbom
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Paediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, B62, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hagman
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Staffan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mårild
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gronowitz
authors.affiliation: Childhood Obesity Unit, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Carl-Erik
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Flodmark
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Olbers
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Paediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, B62, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marcus
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000293:Adolescent; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D000072599:Cardiorespiratory Fitness; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000379:methods / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery*; D010809:Physical Fitness
keywords: Bariatric surgery; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Children; Functional capacity