title: The effect of an integrated education model on anxiety and uncertainty in patients undergoing cervical disc herniation surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Educating patients about receiving surgical procedures is becoming an important issue, as it can reduce anxiety and uncertainty while helping to hasten decisions for undergoing time sensitive surgeries. We evaluated a new integrated education model for patients undergoing cervical disc herniation surgery using a quasi-experimental design.
  
  
  METHODS
  The participants were grouped into either the new integrated educational model (n = 32) or the standard group (n = 32) on the basis of their ward numbers assigned at admission. Anxiety, uncertainty, and patient satisfaction were measured before (pre-test) and after the educational intervention (post-test-1) and post-surgery (post-test-2) to assess the effectiveness of the model in this intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that the generalized estimating equation modeling demonstrated this new integrated education model was more effective than the conventional model in reducing patients' anxiety and uncertainty (p <0.05). Patients were also more satisfied with our newly developed model as it takes a more holistic approach to individual health.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This novel systemic educational model enhances patient's understanding of the medical condition and surgery while promoting patient-caregiver interaction for optimal patient health outcomes. We present a comprehensive and consistent platform for educational purposes in patients undergoing surgery as well as reducing the psychological burden from anxiety and uncertainty. Integrating medicine, nursing, and new technologies into an e-practice and e-learning platform offers the potential of easier understanding and usage. It could revolutionize patient education in the future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Mei-Fang
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: shannontung719@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Heng-Hsin
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Tung
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Management, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Daniel L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Clinciu
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jing-Shan
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; International Center for Health Information Technology (ICHIT), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Usman
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Ju
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: I-Chang
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Fu-Chih
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, Wanfang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; International Center for Health Information Technology (ICHIT), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Chuan
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D017145:Models, Educational; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D035501:Uncertainty
keywords: Anxiety; Integrated education model; Patient education; Surgery; Uncertainty