title: Supervised neural computing solutions for fluorescence identification of benzimidazole fungicides. Data and decision fusion strategies.
abstract: Benzimidazole fungicides (BFs) are a type of pesticide of high environmental interest characterized by a heavy fluorescence spectral overlap which complicates its detection in mixtures. In this paper, we present a computational study based on supervised neural networks for a multi-label classification problem. Specifically, backpropagation networks (BPNs) with data fusion and ensemble schemes are used for the simultaneous resolution of difficult multi-fungicide mixtures. We designed, optimized and compared simple BPNs, BPNs with data fusion and BPNs ensembles. The information environment used is made up of synchronous and conventional BF fluorescence spectra. The mixture spectra are not used in the training nor the validation stage. This study allows us to determine the convenience of fusioning the labels of carbendazim and benomyl for the identification of BFs in complex multi-fungicide mixtures.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Universitario de Ciencias y Tecnologías Cibernéticas, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain. carmenpaz.suarez@ulpgc.es.
authors.forename: Carmen Paz
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8826-0899
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Suárez-Araujo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ingeniería Informática y de Sistemas, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Canary Islands, Spain.
authors.forename: Patricio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: García Báez
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Estudios Ambientales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain.
authors.forename: Álvaro
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: Sánchez Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Estudios Ambientales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain.
authors.forename: José Juan
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Santana-Rodrríguez
mesh_terms: D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D005453:Fluorescence; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000032:analysis*; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer
chemical_list: D001562:Benzimidazoles; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial
keywords: Artificial neural networks; Data fusion; Ensembles; Environment; Fluorescence spectrometry; Fungicides; Mixture resolution