title: Influence of silane and heated silane on the bond strength of lithium disilicate ceramics - An in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of silane application and silane heat treatment on lithium-disilicate ceramic when bonded to composite resin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve blocks of lithium-disilicate (LD) ceramic were fabricated and bonding surfaces were etched using 9.5% hydrofluoric acid (90 seconds). Three experimental groups resulted from the various surface treatment combinations, which included, no silane application (NS) (controls), silane application (S) and silane heat treatment (HS) (100°C for 5 minutesutes). Ceramic and composite resin blocks were bonded using an adhesive resin and light cured restorative composite as a luting agent, under standard conditions. A total of 90 specimen sticks (8 x 1mm²) were subjected to micro-tensile bond strength testing. The means of micro-tensile bond strength (µ-tbs) of the study groups were analyzed using t-test and ANOVA. The tested specimens were analyzed for mode of failure using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest µ-tbs value (42.6 ±3.70 MPa) was achieved for LD ceramics with heat-dried silane. Both silane application and heat treatment of silane resulted in significant (p<0.05) improvements in micro-tensile bond strength of LD ceramics when bonded to resin composite.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The application of silane and its heat treatment showed significant improvement in bond strength of lithium disilicate ceramic when bonded to composite.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Tariq Abduljabbar, Associate Professor, Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Tariq
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abduljabbar
authors.affiliation: Dr. Mohammed Ayedh AlQahtani, Lecturer, Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammed Ayedh
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: AlQahtani
authors.affiliation: Dr. Zaid Al Jeaidi, Conservative Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Zaid Al
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Jeaidi
authors.affiliation: Dr. Fahim Vohra, Associate Professor, Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Fahim
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vohra
keywords: Lithium disilicate; Microtensile bond strength; Silane; Silane heat treatment