title: Combined first-trimester Down syndrome screening in HIV-infected women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or antiretroviral therapy interferes with maternal levels of free human β-chorionic gonadotrophin (hCGβ) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and whether any such influence alters first-trimester Down syndrome (DS) screening in HIV-infected women.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a multicenter 1:2 matched case-control study comparing 84 HIV-infected women with singleton pregnancies with controls randomly selected among uninfected women, delivered and screened in the same center and matched for maternal age, geographical origin and fetal sex.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Groups did not differ significantly in screening results, although case women showed a slightly lower median free hCGβ multiple of the median (MoM) (1.11 versus 1.24 MoM, p=0.32) and higher median PAPP-A MoM (1.45 versus 1.32 MoM, p=0.23) than control women. The false-positive rate was similar in the case and control groups (5% versus 6.5%, p=0.5). Biomarker levels did not differ when comparing treated and untreated patients with their respective controls, and with one another.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  First-trimester DS combined screening biomarker levels and calculated risk do not seem to be significantly altered by HIV infection or antiretroviral treatment. This screening strategy appears to be suitable for HIV-infected women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hopital Bichat Claude Bernard, DHU Risks in Pregnancy, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Imène
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chougrani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Hôpital Robert Debré, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.affiliation: Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Port Royal Maternity, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, DHU Risks in Pregnancy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marcelin
authors.affiliation: Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Port Royal Maternity, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, DHU Risks in Pregnancy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Vassilis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tsatsaris
authors.affiliation: Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Port Royal Maternity, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, DHU Risks in Pregnancy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abric
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hopital Bichat Claude Bernard, DHU Risks in Pregnancy, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Luton
authors.affiliation: Hormonology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guibourdenche
authors.affiliation: Maternity Unit, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint Joseph, DHU Risks in Pregnancy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; Inserm U1153 - Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology (EPOPé Research Team), Center of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité, DHU Risk in Pregnancy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France. Electronic address: eazria@hpsj.fr.
authors.forename: Elie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Azria
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human / Q000097:blood; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D048208:Nuchal Translucency Measurement; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First / Q000097:blood*; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A
keywords: Down syndrome; First-trimester combined screening; Human immunodeficiency virus