title: Cisplatin for testicular germ cell tumors: a rapid review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cisplatin is one of efficacious medicines for TGCT, but is not in 18thWHO EML now. The Union for International Cancer Control recommended cisplatin to the 19thWHO EML for TGCT. To evaluate the effectiveness, safety and cost of cisplatin for TGCT according to the requirements of WHO EML Expert Committee, and to provide the evidence whether cisplatin should be included in WHO EML.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, NHS EED, US National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC) and WHO guidelines. Guidelines and systematic reviews (SRs) on cisplatin for TGCT were included. Two reviewers selected studies and extracted relevant information independently. Quality of SRs was appraised through AMSTAR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven guidelines and four SRs were included in this rapid review. Quality of SRs was moderate according to AMSTAR. The results showed that: (a) effectiveness: cisplatin-based chemotherapy significantly improved in response rates and overall survival for more advanced disease (stage II and stage III). Bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP)-one of the most widely used of cisplatin-based chemotherapy regimens should be considered as the standard treatment of good-prognosis patients with survival rates of 90% and as the best option for intermediate- or poor-prognosis patients with survival rates of 75% and 50%, respectively. (b) Safety: nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity and peripheral neuropathy are common adverse effects of cisplatin. (c) Cost: there was no relevant study about cost of cisplatin for TGCT. But the affordability of cispaltin is good for Chinese patients, due to it is in health insurance directory of China.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We recommend cisplatin to be listed in 19thWHO EML for TGCT, due to adequate evidence of effectiveness and good affordability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy/Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.|Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Chinese evidence-based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Jiajie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy/Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.|Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gui
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy/Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.|Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy/Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.|Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy/Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.|Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Lucan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Chinese evidence-based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Joey S W
authors.initials: JSW
authors.lastname: Kwong
authors.affiliation: Chinese evidence-based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Youping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy/Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Lingli
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002681:China; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012196:Review Literature as Topic; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002945:Cisplatin
keywords: Cisplatin; evidence‐based medicine; rapid review; testicular germ cell tumors; treatment