title: Interleukin-35 (IL-35) inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes isolated from mice with collagen-induced arthritis.
abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disorder of the joints that affects 0.5-1 % of adults. Excessive growth of the fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) promotes hyperplasia of synovial tissues and causes its invasion into the bone and cartilage, which eventually causes deformity and dysfunction of affected joints. Interleukin 35 (IL-35) was shown to suppress the inflammatory responses to collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) via upregulation of T regulatory cells and suppression of T helper type 17 cells in a mouse model. To study the effects of IL-35 on the proliferation and apoptosis frequency of cultured FLS isolated from mice with CIA as well as to examine the effects of IL-35 on CIA in vivo. Thirty DBA/1 J mice, which are used as an animal model for RA, were divided randomly (ten mice per group) to a CIA group (collagen treatment), a CIA + IL-35 group (collagen and IL-35 treatments), and a control group (no treatment). Starting on the 24th day after collagen administration, IL-35 was injected intraperitoneally into mice of the CIA + IL-35 group once per day for 10 days. An arthritis index was calculated, and pathological analysis of synovial tissue was performed. FLS isolated from CIA mice were treated with various concentrations of IL-35 (12.5-100 ng/ml). The MTT assay was used to examine FLS proliferation, and apoptosis frequency of FLS was detected by flow cytometry. On day 24, the CIA mice began to exhibit arthritis symptoms, and the symptoms rapidly progressed with time. Treatment with IL-35 significantly alleviated arthritis symptoms and reduced the synovial tissue inflammation. In addition, IL-35 treatment inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis in cultured FLS from CIA mice in a dose-dependent manner. IL-35 could ameliorate the symptoms of arthritis in the CIA mouse model in vivo and inhibited FLS proliferation while promoting FLS apoptosis in vitro, thereby exhibited the potential in inhibiting the progression of RA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China.|Department of Respiratory medicine, Affiliated Center Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110024, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yunxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Suqin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuxuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shenyi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tiantian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China. lujingtan@163.com.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D015870:Gene Expression; D007378:Interleukins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D000070918:Synoviocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; C530105:Ccnd1 protein, mouse; D007378:Interleukins; C569375:interleukin-35, mouse; D019938:Cyclin D1
keywords: Apoptosis; Fibroblast-like synoviocytes; Interleukin-35; Proliferation; Rheumatoid arthritis