title: The association between passive and active tobacco smoke exposure and child weight status among Spanish children.
abstract: To assess the impact of passive and active tobacco smoke exposure, both pre- and postnatally, on child body mass index (BMI) and overweight.
  
  
  
  Pregnant women were enrolled into the Spanish INMA prospective birth cohort during 1997 to 2008. Tobacco smoke exposure was assessed by questionnaire and corroborated by pre- and postnatal cotinine measurements. Children were followed up until 4 years in newer subcohorts (N = 1866) and until 14 years in one older subcohort (N = 427). Child age- and sex-specific BMI Z-scores were calculated, and generalized estimating equations were used to model their relationship with repeated measures of tobacco smoke exposure.
  
  
  
  Associations between prenatal passive exposure to tobacco smoke (adjusted β = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.05-0.25) and active maternal smoking (adjusted β = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.08-0.33) and child zBMI up to 4 years were observed. Stronger associations were observed in the older subcohort between both prenatal and child passive smoke exposure and zBMI up to 14 years.
  
  
  
  Evidence for an effect of both passive and maternal active smoking on child postnatal growth has been provided. Although residual confounding cannot be completely ruled out, associations were robust to adjustment for a range of lifestyle factors.
authors.affiliation: ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.|Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.affiliation: ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.|Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.affiliation: Public Health Department, Basque Government, San Sebastian, Spain.|University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain.|Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), San Sebastian, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Aurrekoetxea
authors.affiliation: CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.|Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Spain.
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Estarlich
authors.affiliation: CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.|Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana Fernández
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Somoano
authors.affiliation: CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.|Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Íñiguez
authors.affiliation: Public Health Department, Basque Government, San Sebastian, Spain.|University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain.|Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), San Sebastian, Spain.
authors.forename: Loreto
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Santa-Marina
authors.affiliation: CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.|Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Spain.
authors.forename: Adonina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tardón
authors.affiliation: Ib-salut, Area de Salut de Menorca, Balearic Islands, Spain.
authors.forename: Maties
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torrent
authors.affiliation: ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.|Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sunyer
authors.affiliation: ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.|Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.|Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Damaskini
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Valvi
authors.affiliation: ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.|Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.|CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vrijheid
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior / Q000208:ethnology; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D050177:Overweight; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000209:etiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000208:ethnology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution