title: Ichnocarpus frutescens Ameliorates Experimentally Induced Convulsion in Rats.
abstract: The present study was carried out to evaluate the anticonvulsant activity and probable mechanism of action of the methanol root extract from I. frutescens (MEIF) using different experimental animal models. Anticonvulsant activity of the single dose of MEIF (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) was evaluated in maximal electroshock- (MES-), pentylenetetrazole- (PTZ-), and isoniazid- (INH-) induced convulsions models in rats. The levels of γ-amino butyric acid (GABA), glutamate, GABA-transaminase (GABA-T) activity and oxidative stress markers were measured in pretreated rat's brain homogenate to corroborate the mechanism of observed anticonvulsant activity. MEIF (200-400 mg/kg, p.o.) protected the animals in all the behavioral models used. Pretreatment of MEIF (200-400 mg/kg, p.o.) and diazepam (1.0 mg/kg, i.p.) to the animals in INH-induced convulsion model showed 100% and 80% protection, respectively, as well as significant restoration of GABA and glutamate level in the rat's brain. MEIF and vigabatrin (50 mg/kg, i.p.) reduced the PTZ-induced increase in the activity of GABA-T (46%) in the brain. Further, MEIF reversed the PTZ-induced increase in lipid peroxidase (LPO) and decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. The findings of this study validate the anticonvulsant activity of I. frutescens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India.
authors.forename: Narendra Kumar
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India.
authors.forename: Damiki
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Laloo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India.
authors.forename: Debapriya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Garabadu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India.
authors.forename: Tryambak Deo
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India.
authors.forename: Virendra Pratap
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Singh