title: Paraoxonase-2 and paraoxonase-3: comparison of mRNA expressions in the placentae of unexplained intrauterine growth restricted and noncomplicated pregnancies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent evidence suggests that oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of many human diseases. It has been demonstrated that oxidative stress is associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and the depletion of placental antioxidant systems has been suggested as a key factor in this disease. Our aims were to explore the possible role of antioxidant paraoxonase-2 (PON2) and paraoxonase-3 (PON3) in the pathophysiology of unexplained IUGR.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have studied the expression of mRNA for PON2, PON3 in placental tissues by using RT-qPCR. Two groups, consisting of normal (n = 18) and unexplained IUGR pregnancies (n = 20) were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results demonstrated that there were no significant differences in the mRNA expressions of PON2, PON3 between the two groups (p = 0.28, p = 0.90, respectively). PON2 and PON3 were down-regulated in IUGR. Antenatal steroid therapy had no effect on the expression mRNA in placentae of unexplained IUGR pregnancies compared to non-treated group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that PON2, PON3 mRNA levels were not changed significantly in placentae of IUGR when compared to normal pregnant women.
authors.affiliation: a Vocational School of Health Services, Igdir University , Igdir , Turkey.
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dikbas
authors.affiliation: b Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics.
authors.forename: Omer Erkan
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: Yapca
authors.affiliation: c Department of Agricultural Biotechnology , and.
authors.forename: Neslihan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dikbas
authors.affiliation: d Department of Pathology , Atatürk University , Erzurum , Turkey.
authors.forename: Cemal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gundogdu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010920:Placenta / Q000201:enzymology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C468411:PON2 protein, human; C113656:PON3 protein, human
keywords: IUGR; PON2; PON3; mRNA; placentae