title: Dietary unsaponifiable fraction of extra virgin olive oil supplementation attenuates lung injury and DNA damage of rats co-exposed to aluminum and acrylamide.
abstract: Aluminum chloride (AlCl3) and acrylamide (ACR) are well known as environmental pollutants inducing oxidative stress. Our study investigated the effects of these contaminants and if the hydrophilic fraction of extra virgin olive oil was able to prevent lung oxidative stress and DNA damage. Animals were divided into four groups of six each: group 1, serving as controls, received distilled water; group 2 received in drinking water aluminum chloride (50 mg/ kg body weight) and by gavage acrylamide (20 mg/kg body weight); group 3 received both aluminum and acrylamide in the same way and the same dose as group 2 and hydrophilic fraction from olive oil (OOHF) (1 ml) by gavage; group 4 received only OOHF by gavage. Exposure of rats to both aluminum and acrylamide provoked oxidative stress in lung tissue based on biochemical parameters and histopathological alterations. In fact, we have observed an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, and advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) and a decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH), non-protein thiols (NPSH), and vitamin C levels. Activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were also decreased. Histopathological changes in lung tissue were noted like emphysema, vascular congestion, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. A random DNA degradation was observed on agarose gel in the lung of AlCl3 and acrylamide (ACR)-treated rats. Co-administration of OOHF to treated rats improved biochemical parameters to near control values and lung histoarchitecture. The smear formation of genomic DNA was reduced. The hydrophilic fraction of extra virgin olive oil might provide a basis for developing a new dietary supplementation strategy in order to prevent lung tissue damage.
authors.affiliation: Animal Physiology Laboratory, UR 11/ ES-70 Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Route de la Soukra Km 3,5. BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia. ghorbel21@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Imen
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ghorbel
authors.affiliation: Animal Physiology Laboratory, UR 11/ ES-70 Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Route de la Soukra Km 3,5. BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Mariem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chaâbane
authors.affiliation: Anatomopathology Laboratory, CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax, 3029, Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Ons
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Boudawara
authors.affiliation: Technology and Quality Research Unit, Olive Tree Institute, University of Sfax, BP 1087, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Naziha Grati
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Kamoun
authors.affiliation: Anatomopathology Laboratory, CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax, 3029, Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Tahia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Boudawara
authors.affiliation: Animal Physiology Laboratory, UR 11/ ES-70 Sciences Faculty of Sfax, University of Sfax, Route de la Soukra Km 3,5. BP 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Najiba
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zeghal
mesh_terms: D020106:Acrylamide / Q000633:toxicity*; D000535:Aluminum / Q000633:toxicity*; D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002712:Chlorides; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D055370:Lung Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D000975:Antioxidants; D002712:Chlorides; D000069463:Olive Oil; D020106:Acrylamide; D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D000535:Aluminum; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Acrylamide; Aluminum; DNA damage; Lung; Olive oil hydrophilic fraction; Oxidative stress