title: Classification of congenital nasal deformities: a proposal to amend the existing classification.
abstract: Congenital nasal anomalies are rare malformations with a broad spectrum of defects. The only existing classification strictly relating to nasal anomalies was presented by Losee et al. (Plast Reconstr Surg 113(2):676-689, 2004). The aim of this paper is to propose some suggestions, based on our current knowledge and experience gained by treating our patients in the clinic, in creating a specification of patients with congenital nasal anomalies. All patients with congenital nose defects treated in our health center were selected for this study. The research was retrospective and included years from 1995 to 2015. Nasal anomaly associated with cleft lip and palate was excluded. Patients were classified into four categories of congenital nasal anomalies, according to Losee et al.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the period of 20 years, 191 patients with congenital nasal anomalies were treated in our health center. Type 1 defects were found in 124 patients, type 2 in 15, type 3 in 32 and type 4 in 20 patients. The nasal defect accompanying craniofacial syndrome is the most common type of nose malformation. The nose cleft is not always a part of craniofacial clefts; isolated forms of such malformations can occur. Vascular anomalies, due to different etiology, categorization and treatment, should not be recognized as nasal malformation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Second Chair of Surgery Medical University of Lodz, University Hospital No. 1, Kopcińskiego Street 22, 90-153, Lodz, Poland. fijalkowska.m@wp.pl.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fijałkowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Second Chair of Surgery Medical University of Lodz, University Hospital No. 1, Kopcińskiego Street 22, 90-153, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Bogusław
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Antoszewski
mesh_terms: D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D009666:Nose / Q000002:abnormalities*; D009668:Nose Diseases / Q000151:congenital*; D015619:Respiratory System Abnormalities / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Classification; Cleft; Nose anomaly