title: Biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Jacaranda mimosifolia flowers extract: Synergistic antibacterial activity and molecular simulated facet specific adsorption studies.
abstract: The naturally occurring biomolecules present in the plant extracts have been identified to play an active role in the single step formation of nanoparticles with varied morphologies and sizes which is greener and environmentally benign. In the present work, spherical zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) of 2-4nm size were synthesized using aqueous extract of fallen Jacaranda mimosifolia flowers (JMFs), treated as waste. The microwave assisted synthesis was completed successfully within 5min. Thereafter, phase identification, morphology and optical band gap of the synthesized ZnO NPs were done using X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and UV-Visible spectroscopy techniques. The composition of JMFs extract was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the ZnO NPs confirmation was further explored with fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The GC-MS results confirmed the presence of oleic acid which has high propensity of acting as a reducing and capping agent. The UV-Visible data suggested an optical band gap of 4.03eV for ZnO NPs indicating their small size due to quantum confinement. Further, facet specific adsorption of oleic acid on the surface of ZnO NPs was studied computationally to find out the impact of biomolecules in defining the shape and size of NPs. The viability of gram negative Escherichia coli and gram positive Enterococcus faecium bacteria was found to be 48% and 43%, respectively at high concentration of NPs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa. Electronic address: dpschem@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Deepali
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa.
authors.forename: Myalowenkosi I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Sabela
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa. Electronic address: ksuvardhan@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Suvardhan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa.
authors.forename: Phumlane S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Mdluli
authors.affiliation: SARChi Chair, Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa.
authors.forename: Gulshan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: SARChi Chair, Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa.
authors.forename: Thor A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Stenström
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa. Electronic address: bisettk@dut.ac.za.
authors.forename: Krishna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bisetty
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D029402:Bignoniaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D060326:Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D053758:Nanoparticles; D036103:Nanotechnology; D010316:Particle Size; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D015034:Zinc Oxide
keywords: Antibacterial activity; Biosynthesis; Jacaranda mimosifolia flowers extract; Zinc oxide nanoparticles