title: Essential Infantile Esotropia: Postoperative Sensory Outcomes of Strabismus Surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The optimum age for Essential Infantile Esotropia surgery is a controversial subject. Sensory status was evaluated in patients who underwent surgery at different ages in a retrospective study. The setting of the study is the ophthalmology department of a teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Different clinical characters were analyzed pre- and postoperatively; nine different surgeries were performed. A total of 188 patients presented valid postoperative sensorial data, divided in two groups: surgery at ≤2 years (n=69) or >2 years (n=119). Sensory status was dichotomized in binocular single vision (BSV) and exclusion. Univariate differences were assessed with the chi-square test (or Fisher exact test). To identify the independent role of factors associated with the sensory status, all variables showing in univariate analyses a significant association (p<0.05) with the outcome variable were entered into a multivariate logistic regression model. All statistical tests were two-sided.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariate analysis confirmed that children operated >2 years were 0.4 times less likely to obtain BSV compared with children operated at ≤2 years (AOR. 0.38, 95% C.I. 0.17-0.89, p=0.025). Patients operated on by OO MR rec.+ OO LR res. + OO IO rec.-ap. (intervention type 6) were about 11 times more likely to have BSV than those by OO rec.MR + unilateral res. LR (operation type 2); AOR.: 10.67, 95% C.I.: 1.34 - 85.29, p=0.026). Twenty-nine patients (12.1%) operated at ≤2 years of age underwent a reoperation, compared to 33 (8.6%) who underwent surgery after two years (p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest to perform EIE surgery between age 1 and 2 and, when indicated, to prefer a six-muscle approach in order to achieve a better sensory function.
authors.affiliation: a University of Salerno , Pediatric Eye Department , Salerno , Italy.
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Magli
authors.affiliation: a University of Salerno , Pediatric Eye Department , Salerno , Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carelli
authors.affiliation: b Gi. Ma Center , Naples , Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.affiliation: c University of Naples Federico II , Department of Preventive Medical Science , Naples , Italy.
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bruzzese
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004948:Esotropia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology*; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Essential Infantile Esotropia; follow-up; sensory evaluation; surgical treatment