title: Integrating biomedical and herbal medicine in Ghana - experiences from the Kumasi South Hospital: a qualitative study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Over the past decade there has been growing interest in the use of herbal medicine both in developed and developing countries. Given the high proportion of patients using herbal medicine in Ghana, some health facilities have initiated implementation of herbal medicine as a component of their healthcare delivery. However, the extent to which herbal medicine has been integrated in Ghanaian health facilities, how integration is implemented and perceived by different stakeholders has not been documented. The study sought to explore these critical issues at the Kumasi South Hospital (KSH) and outline the challenges and motivations of the integration process.
  
  
  METHODS
  Qualitative phenomenological exploratory study design involving fieldwork observations, focus group discussion, in-depth interviews and key informants' interviews was employed to collect data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Policies and protocols outlining the definition, process and goals of integration were lacking, with respondents sharing different views about the purpose and value of integration of herbal medicine within public health facilities. Key informants were supportive of the initiative. Whilst biomedical health workers perceived the system to be parallel than integrated, health personnel providing herbal medicine perceived the system as integrated. Most patients were not aware of the herbal clinic in the hospital but those who had utilized services of the herbal clinic viewed the clinic as part of the hospital.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lack of a regulatory policy and protocol for the integration seemed to have led to the different perception of the integration. Policy and protocol to guide the integration are key recommendations.
authors.affiliation: Global Health, Department of Public Health, CSS Øster Farimagsgade 5, DK-1014, Copenhagen, Denmark. milliboat1@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Millicent Addai
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Boateng
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Danso-Appiah
authors.affiliation: South Suntreso Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.
authors.forename: Bernard Kofi
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Turkson
authors.affiliation: Global Health, Department of Public Health, CSS Øster Farimagsgade 5, DK-1014, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Britt Pinkowski
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Tersbøl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005869:Ghana; D029001:Herbal Medicine; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D055048:Integrative Medicine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D036301:Qualitative Research
keywords: Biomedicine; Ghana; Herbal medicine; Integration; Qualitative research