title: Cardiovascular risk score in Rheumatoid Arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the 10-year Cardiovascular risk score with QRISK-2 and Framingham risk calculators in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Non Rheumatoid Arthritis subjects and asses the usefulness of QRISK-2 and Framingham calculators in both groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  During the study 106 RA and 106 Non RA patients age and sex matched participants were enrolled from outpatient department. Demographic data and questions regarding other study parameters were noted. After 14 hours of fasting 5 ml of venous blood was drawn for Cholesterol and HDL levels, laboratory tests were performed on COBAS c III (ROCHE). QRISK-2 and Framingham risk calculators were used to get individual 10-year CVD risk score.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study the mean age of RA group was (45.1±9.5) for Non RA group (43.7±8.2), with female gender as common. The mean predicted 10-year score with QRISK-2 calculator in RA group (14.2±17.1%) and Non RA group was (13.2±19.0%) with (p-value 0.122). The 10-year score with Framingham risk score in RA group was (12.9±10.4%) and Non RA group was (8.9±8.7%) with (p-value 0.001). In RA group QRISK-2 (24.5%) and FRS (31.1%) cases with predicted score were in higher risk category. The maximum agreement scores between both calculators was observed in both groups (Kappa = 0.618 RA Group; Kappa = 0.671 Non RA Group).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  QRISK-2 calculator is more appropriate as it takes RA, ethnicity, CKD, and Atrial fibrillation as factors in risk assessment score.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Abrar Ahmed Wagan, FCPS (Medicine). Department of Rheumatology, Sheikh Zayed Federal Post Graduate Institute, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Abrar Ahmed
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Wagan
authors.affiliation: Dr. Tafazzul E Haque Mahmud, MRCP, FRCP. Department of Rheumatology, Sheikh Zayed Federal Post Graduate Institute, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Tafazzul E Haque
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Mahmud
authors.affiliation: Dr. Aflak Rasheed, FCPS (Medicine) FCPS(Rheumatology). Department of Rheumatology, Sheikh Zayed Federal Post Graduate Institute, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Aflak
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rasheed
authors.affiliation: Dr. Zafar Ali Zafar, FCPS (Medicine). Department of Rheumatology, Sheikh Zayed Federal Post Graduate Institute, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Zafar Ali
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Zafar
authors.affiliation: Dr. Ata Ur Rehman, FCPS (Medicine). Department of Rheumatology, Sheikh Zayed Federal Post Graduate Institute, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Ata Ur
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Rehman
authors.affiliation: Dr. Amjad Ali, MBBS. Department of Rheumatology, Sheikh Zayed Federal Post Graduate Institute, Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Amjad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ali
keywords: AF: Atrial Fibrillation; BMI: Body Mass Index; CHOL: Cholesterol; CKD: Chronic kidney diseases; CVD risk score; CVD: Cardiovascular diseases; DM: Diabetes Mellitus; Framingham risk calculator; HDL: High Density Lipoprotein; QRISK-2 calculator; RA: Rheumatoid Arthritis; Rheumatoid Arthritis