title: Treatment outcome after neonatal cleft lip repair in 5-year-old children with unilateral cleft lip and palate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to assess speech outcomes and dental arch relationship of 5-year-old Czech patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) who have undergone neonatal cleft lip repair and one-stage palatal closure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three patients with UCLP, born between 2009 and 2010, were included in the study. Three universal speech parameters (hypernasality, articulation and speech intelligibility) have been devised for speech recordings evaluation. Outcomes of dental arch relationship were evaluated by applying the GOSLON Yardstick and subsequently compared with the GOSLON outcome of other cleft centers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Moderate hypernasality was present in most cases, the mean value for articulation and speech intelligibility was 2.07 and 1.93, respectively. The Kappa values for inter-examiner agreement for all the three speech outcomes ranged from 0.786 to 0.808. Sixty-three percent of patients were scored GOSLON 1 and 2, 26% GOSLON 3, and 10% GOSLON 4. GOSLON mean score was 2.35. Interrater agreement was very good, represented by kappa value of 0.867.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The treatment protocol, involving neonatal cleft lip repair and one-stage palatal repair performed up to the first year of UCLP patient's life, has shown good speech outcomes and produced very good treatment results in regard to maxillary growth, comparable with other cleft centers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Plastic Surgery - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Brno, Černopolní 9, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavská 20, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address: koskova.olga@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Košková
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Plastic Surgery - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Brno, Černopolní 9, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavská 20, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jitka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vokurková
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Dentistry, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Pekařská 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vokurka
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Dentistry, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Pekařská 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Alena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bryšova
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Dentistry, St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Pekařská 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Šenovský
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Plastic Surgery - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Brno, Černopolní 9, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Čefelínová
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Plastic Surgery - Department of Pediatric Surgery, Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Brno, Černopolní 9, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Darina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lukášová
authors.affiliation: Recetox, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dorociaková
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Juraj
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abelovský
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000601:surgery*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000601:surgery*; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D018153:Czech Republic; D003724:Dental Arch; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000254:growth & development; D013060:Speech; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014833:Voice Quality
keywords: Neonatal cleft lip surgery; One-stage palatal repair; Speech outcomes measurements; The GOSLON Yardstick; Unilateral cleft lip and palate