title: Possible similarities between the folk medicine historically used by First Nations and American Indians in North America and the ethnoveterinary knowledge currently used in British Columbia, Canada.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This paper compares sixty-four plants used as ethnoveterinary remedies in British Columbia with First Nations folk medicine.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2003, I conducted semi-structured interviews with 60 participants obtained using a purposive sample. The data was then compared with historical documents on First Nations plant use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exact parallels between First Nations/native American folk medicine and ethnoveterinary remedies used for farm animals and horses were Acer macrophyllum Pursh, Epilobium angustifolium L. and Lonicera involucrata (Richardson) Banks ex Spreng., used as stimulants and tonics for goats; Achlys tripylla DC. as a fly repellent in barns, Alnus rubra Bong., for rabbits' dental care, Berberis repens Lindl., Rumex crispus L., to treat sores and rashes on horses, Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson for stomach problems and Bovista pila Berk. and M. A. Curtis and Dolichousnea longissima (Ach.) Articus used on wounds.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study revealed the parallel uses between sixty-four plants used as ethnoveterinary medicines in British Columbia and the folk medicines used by the First Nations peoples and by native American groups.
authors.affiliation: IEZ (Institute for Ethnobotany & Zoopharmacognosy), Rijksstraatweg 158, 6573 DG Beek, Netherlands. Electronic address: lans@ethnobotany.nl.
authors.forename: Cheryl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lans
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001955:British Columbia; D003226:Congresses as Topic; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D019448:Ethnobotany; D020834:Ethnopharmacology; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Q000208:ethnology*; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D033181:Information Dissemination; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D058751:Livestock; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification*; D019155:Veterinary Drugs / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D019155:Veterinary Drugs
keywords: British Columbia; Ethnoveterinary; First Nations; Knowledge transmission