title: Different hydroxyapatite magnetic nanoparticles for medical imaging: Its effects on hemostatic, hemolytic activity and cellular cytotoxicity.
abstract: Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) should be highly biocompatible, stable and safely eliminated from the body, and can therefore be successfully used in modern medicine. Synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAP) has well established biocompatible and non-inflammatory properties, as well as a highly stable and flexible structure that allows for an easy incorporation of magnetic ions. This study characterized and compared the in vitro cytotoxicity and hemocompatibility of hydroxyapatite MNPs doped with different ions (Gd(3+/)Fe(2+)/Fe(3+)/Co(2+)). HAP doped with 10% of Gd and Fe(III) presented the highest magnetic moments. Our results showed that Gd doped HAP nanoparticles are non-cytotoxic, hemocompatible, non-hemolytic and non-thrombogenic, in contrast with Fe(III) doped HAP that can be considered thrombogenic. For these reasons we propose that, Gd doped HAP nanoparticles have the most potential for application as a MRI contrast agents. However, use of Fe (III) doped HAP as MRI contrast agents should be further investigated.
authors.affiliation: i3S- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; INEB- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Divisão de Biomateriais, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Engenharia, DEMM, Universidade do Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: martalaranjeira@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Marta S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Laranjeira
authors.affiliation: INEB- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Divisão de Biomateriais, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Engenharia, DEMM, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moço
authors.affiliation: LNEG-Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Campus São Mamede de Infesta, Portugal.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: UCIBIO/REQUIMTE- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto (FFUP), Portugal; CESPU- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, GRD-Paredes, Portugal.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Coimbra
authors.affiliation: UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto (FFUP), Portugal.
authors.forename: Elísio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto (FFUP), Portugal.
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santos-Silva
authors.affiliation: Materials Science & Engineering Program, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
authors.forename: Paulo J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.affiliation: i3S- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; INEB- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Divisão de Biomateriais, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Engenharia, DEMM, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Fernando J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Monteiro
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020405:Dermis / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006490:Hemostatics; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D006490:Hemostatics; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D017886:Durapatite
keywords: Biomaterial; Hemocompatibility; Magnetic resonance imaging; Nanotechnology