title: Chimeric antigen receptors: driving immunology towards synthetic biology.
abstract: The advent of second generation chimeric antigen receptors and the CD19 paradigm have ushered a new therapeutic modality in oncology. In contrast to earlier forms of adoptive cell therapy, which were based on the isolation and expansion of naturally occurring T cells, CAR therapy is based on the design and manufacture of engineered T cells with optimized properties. A new armamentarium, comprising not only CARs but also chimeric costimulatory receptors, chimeric cytokine receptors, inhibitory receptors and synthetic Notch receptors, expressed in naïve, central memory or stem cell-like memory T cells, is being developed for clinical use in a wide range of cancers. Immunological principles are thus finding a new purpose thanks to advances in genetic engineering, synthetic biology and cell manufacturing sciences.
authors.affiliation: Center for Cell Engineering and Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. Electronic address: m-sadelain@ski.mskcc.org.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sadelain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D011946:Receptors, Antigen / Q000276:immunology*; D058615:Synthetic Biology
chemical_list: D011946:Receptors, Antigen