title: Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinases in Patients With Stroke During Intensive Rehabilitation Therapy.
abstract: To study plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) as potential markers of recovery during intensive rehabilitation therapy (IRT) after stroke.
  
  
  
  Prospective and descriptive 3-month follow-up study.
  
  
  
  Rehabilitation unit and research center.
  
  
  
  Patients with first-ever ischemic stroke (n=15) enrolled to IRT (≥3h/d and 5d/wk) and healthy volunteers (n=15) (N=30).
  
  
  
  Not applicable.
  
  
  
  The primary outcome was to measure plasma MMP3, MMP12, and MMP13 levels and evaluate potential associations with motor/functional scales using a battery of tests (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, modified Rankin scale, Barthel Index, Fugl-Meyer Assessment, Functional Ambulation Categories, Medical Research Council scale, Chedoke Arm and Hand Activity Inventory, and the 10-m walk test) before IRT and at 1- and 3-month follow-ups. The secondary outcome was to evaluate the use of these MMPs as biomarkers as predictors of patient's outcome.
  
  
  
  MMP levels remained stable during the study period and were similar to those in the healthy volunteer group. However, baseline MMP12 and MMP13 levels were strongly associated with stroke severity and were found to be elevated in those patients with the poorest outcomes. Interestingly, plasma MMP3 was independent of baseline stroke characteristics but was found to be increased in patients with better motor/functional recovery and in patients with larger improvements during rehabilitation.
  
  
  
  MMPs might act as biologic markers of recovery during rehabilitation therapy related to their roles in both injury and tissue remodeling. Future confirmatory investigations in multicenter studies are warranted by our data.
authors.affiliation: Neurovascular Research Laboratory and Neuroscience Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Feifei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Rehabilitación Neurológica y Daño Cerebral, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Rehabilitación Neurológica y Daño Cerebral, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Xavi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Buxo
authors.affiliation: Neurovascular Research Laboratory and Neuroscience Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morancho
authors.affiliation: Neurovascular Research Laboratory and Neuroscience Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Iolanda
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Riba-Llena
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Rehabilitación Neurológica y Daño Cerebral, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carrera
authors.affiliation: Neurovascular Research Laboratory and Neuroscience Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bustamante
authors.affiliation: Neurovascular Research Laboratory and Neuroscience Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Dolors
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Giralt
authors.affiliation: Neurovascular Research Laboratory and Neuroscience Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Montaner
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Rehabilitación Neurológica y Daño Cerebral, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Rehabilitación Neurológica y Daño Cerebral, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Immaculada
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bori
authors.affiliation: Neurovascular Research Laboratory and Neuroscience Department, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: anna.rosell@vhir.org.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rosell
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053508:Matrix Metalloproteinase 12 / Q000378:metabolism; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / Q000378:metabolism; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; D053508:Matrix Metalloproteinase 12
keywords: Biomarkers; Matrix metalloproteinases; Rehabilitation; Stroke