title: Effect of spironolactone on patients with resistant hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether spironolactone could reduce the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and lower blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a blank-controlled, single-center study. Patients with resistant hypertension and moderate-to-severe OSA (apnea-hypopnea index >15 events/h) were enrolled and randomly assigned to the therapy or control group. Patients in the therapy group were administered spironolactone 20 mg once daily (up to 40 mg once daily for 4 weeks, if required) in addition to original antihypertensive medication. Follow-up was 12 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty patients were enrolled (n = 15 per group). After 12 weeks of follow-up, apnea-hypopnea index (21.8 ± 15.7 vs. 1.8 ± 12.8, p < 0.05), hypopnea index (9.8 ± 11.1 vs. -2.7 ± 16.8, p < 0.05), oxygen desaturation index (20.8 ± 15.0 vs. 0.3 ± 16.1, p < 0.05), clinical blood pressure, ambulatory blood pressure, and plasma aldosterone level (9.8 ± 6.3 vs. 2.9 ± 6.7, p < 0.05) were reduced significantly in the therapy group compared with the control group. No side effects were reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spironolactone reduced the severity of OSA and reduced blood pressure in resistant hypertension patients with moderate-to-severe OSA. These findings may assist in the treatment of OSA in patients with resistant hypertension.
authors.affiliation: a Hypertension Division , State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Lirui
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: a Hypertension Division , State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Huimin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: b Chronic Disease Department , Centers for Disease Control , Hebukesaier County , Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region , China.
authors.forename: Menggengtuya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: a Hypertension Division , State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Yubao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: a Hypertension Division , State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Xiongjing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: a Hypertension Division , State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: a Hypertension Division , State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Erpeng
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: a Hypertension Division , State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.affiliation: a Hypertension Division , State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Haiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: a Hypertension Division , State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China.
authors.forename: Rutai
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hui
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000451:Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017286:Polysomnography; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013148:Spironolactone / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D000451:Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; D013148:Spironolactone
keywords: Aldosterone; apnea–hypopnea index; obstructive sleep apnea; resistant hypertension; spironolactone