title: Biofilm formation of periodontal pathogens on hydroxyapatite surfaces: Implications for periodontium damage.
abstract: Biofilm formation of periodontal pathogens on teeth surfaces promotes the progression of periodontal disease. Hence, understanding the mechanisms of bacterial attachment to the dental surfaces may inform strategies for the maintenance of oral health. Although hydroxyapatite (HA) is a major calcium phosphate component of teeth, effect of biofilm formation on HA surfaces remains poorly characterized. In this study, biofilm-forming abilities by the periodontal pathogens Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Y4 and Porphyromonas gingivalis 381 were investigated on dense and porous HAs that represent enamel and dentin surfaces, respectively. These experiments showed greater biofilm formation on porous HA, but differing attachment profiles and effects of the two pathogens. Specifically, while the detachment of A. actinomycetemcomitans Y4 biofilm was observed, P. gingivalis 381 biofilm increased with time. Moreover, observations of HA morphology following formation of A. actinomycetemcomitans Y4 biofilm revealed gaps between particles, whereas no significant changes were observed in the presence of P. gingivalis 381. Finally, comparisons of calcium leakage showed only slight differences between bacterial species and HA types and may be masked by bacterial calcium uptake. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 2873-2880, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0196, Japan.|Faculty of Health Sciences, Gong Badak Campus, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Norzawani
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jaffar
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0196, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0196, Japan. toshi.maeda@life.kyutech.ac.jp.|Research Center for Advanced Eco-Fitting Technology, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan. toshi.maeda@life.kyutech.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Toshinari
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maeda
mesh_terms: D016976:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans / Q000502:physiology*; D016866:Bacteroidaceae Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000737:chemistry; D003804:Dentin / Q000737:chemistry; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D016871:Pasteurellaceae Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000382:microbiology; D010519:Periodontium / Q000382:microbiology*; D016062:Porosity; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D017886:Durapatite
keywords: biofilm; dentin; enamel; hydroxyapatite; periodontal pathogens