title: Evaluation of the Antibacterial Efficacy of Azadirachta Indica, Commiphora Myrrha, Glycyrrhiza Glabra Against Enterococcus Faecalis using Real Time PCR.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the antibacterial efficacy of Azadirachta indica (Neem), Commiphora myrrha (Myrrh), Glycyrrhiza glabra (Liquorice) with 2% Chlorhexidine (CHX) against E. faecalis by using Real Time PCR.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of fifty teeth specimens (n=50) were inoculated with E. faecalis for 21 days. Specimens were divided into five groups (Group 1: Myrrh, Group 2: Neem, Group 3: Liquorice, Group 4: 2% CHX and Group 5: Saline (negative control)). The intracanal medicaments were packed inside the tooth. After 5 days, the remaining microbial load was determined by using real time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Threshold cycle (Ct) values of Myrrh extract, Neem extract, Liquorice Extract, 2% CHX and saline were found to be 30.94, 23.85, 21.38, 30.93 and 17.8 respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Myrrh extract showed inhibition of E.faecalis equal to that of 2% CHX followed by Neem, Liquorice and Saline.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Penang International Dental College, Jalan Bagan Laur,12000, Butterworth, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Suresh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, 600 116, India.
authors.forename: Mathan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rajan
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nagendrababu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Venkateshbabu
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, 600 116, India.
authors.forename: Deivanayagam
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kandaswamy
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, 600 116, India.
authors.forename: Yarramreddy
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shravya
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, 600 116, India.
authors.forename: Kalaiselvam
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rajeswari
keywords: 2% CHX; Commiphora myrrha; Dentinal tubules; Liquorice; Neem; intracanal medicament; real- time polymerase chain reaction