title: The value of ultrasonographic tubo-ovarian abscess morphology in predicting whether patients will require surgical treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if the ultrasonographic morphology of a tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) could be used to predict if a patient will require surgical treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective cohort study reviewed medical records from patients diagnosed with TOA via ultrasonography between January 2009 and January 2014 at a tertiary referral center in Turkey. Patients with pelvic inflammatory disease and an inflammatory adnexal mass, identified during sonographic examination, were included in the study. Ultrasonographic morphology, demographic characteristics, and clinical and laboratory findings were compared between patients who required surgical treatment and those who did not.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Records were included from 164 patients; medical therapy was successful in 121 (73.8%) patients and 43 (26.2%) required surgical treatment. TOA morphology was identified, using ultrasonography, as unilocular cystic, complex multicystic mass, or pyosalpinx in 56 (34.1%), 73 (44.5%), and 35 (21.3%) patients, respectively. No correlation was present between ultrasonographic TOA morphology and patients requiring surgical treatment (all P>0.05). Multivariate analyses demonstrated that an abscess larger than 6.5 cm in size (P=0.027), fever at admission (P<0.001), and parity greater than two (P=0.026) were independent predictors of patients requiring surgical treatment for TOA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although increased TOA size, fever at admission, and parity were associated with increased odds of patients with TOA requiring surgical treatment, ultrasonographic TOA morphology was not.
authors.affiliation: Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: tkinay@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Tugba
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kinay
authors.affiliation: Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Eylem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Unlubilgin
authors.affiliation: Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Derya A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Cirik
authors.affiliation: Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fulya
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kayikcioglu
authors.affiliation: Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Akgul
authors.affiliation: Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dolen
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D000328:Adult; D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000453:epidemiology; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000150:complications*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D014421:Turkey; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: Morphology; Surgery; Tubo-ovarian abscess; Ultrasonography