title: Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein metabolism in women: roles of apoC-II and apoC-III.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Experimental data suggest that apolipoprotein (apo) C-II and C-III regulate triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) metabolism, but there are limited studies in humans. We investigated the metabolic associations of TRLs with apoC-II and apoC-III concentrations and kinetics in women.
  
  
  METHODS
  The kinetics of plasma apoC-II, apoC-III and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) apoB-100 and triglycerides were measured in the postabsorptive state using stable isotopic techniques and compartmental modelling in 60 women with wide-ranging body mass index (19·5-32·9 kg/m(2) ).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma apoC-II and apoC-III concentrations were positively associated with the concentrations of plasma triglycerides, VLDL1 - and VLDL2 -apoB-100 and triglyceride (all P < 0·05). ApoC-II production rate (PR) was positively associated with VLDL1 -apoB-100 concentration, VLDL1 triglyceride concentration and VLDL1 triglyceride PR, while apoC-II fractional catabolic rate (FCR) was positively associated with VLDL1 triglyceride FCR (all P < 0·05). No significant associations were observed between apoC-II and VLDL2 apoB-100 or triglyceride kinetics. ApoC-III PR, but not FCR, was positively associated with VLDL1 triglyceride, and VLDL2 -apoB-100 and triglyceride concentrations (all P < 0·05). No significant associations were observed between apoC-III and VLDL-apoB-100 and triglyceride kinetics. In multivariable analysis, including homoeostasis model assessment score, menopausal status and obesity, apoC-II concentration was significantly associated with plasma triglyceride, VLDL1 -apoB-100 and VLDL1 triglyceride concentrations and PR. Using the same multivariable analysis, apoC-III was significantly associated with plasma triglyceride and VLDL1 - and VLDL2 -apoB-100 and triglyceride concentrations and FCR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In women, plasma apoC-II and apoC-III concentrations are regulated by their respective PR and are significant, independent determinants of the kinetics and plasma concentrations of TRLs.
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Research Centre, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Esther M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Ooi
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Research Centre, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Dick C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Leanne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hodson
authors.affiliation: Health Metrics, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adiels
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boren
authors.affiliation: Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK.|National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospital Trusts, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Fredrik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Karpe
authors.affiliation: Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK.|Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Fielding
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Research Centre, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.|Lipid Disorders Clinic, Cardiometabolic Service, Cardiovascular Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: Gerald F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Watts
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Research Centre, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.|Faculty of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: P Hugh R
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Barrett
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D053304:Apolipoprotein C-II / Q000378:metabolism*; D053305:Apolipoprotein C-III / Q000378:metabolism*; D015243:Cholesterol, VLDL / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008593:Menopause / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D053304:Apolipoprotein C-II; D053305:Apolipoprotein C-III; D015243:Cholesterol, VLDL; D008074:Lipoproteins; D014280:Triglycerides; C030087:lipoprotein triglyceride
keywords: Apolipoprotein C-II; apolipoprotein C-III; lipoprotein metabolism; triglyceride; women