title: From Ewald sphere to Ewald shell in nonlinear optics.
abstract: Ewald sphere is a simple vector scheme to depict the X-ray Bragg diffraction in a crystal. A similar method, known as the nonlinear Ewald sphere, was employed to illustrate optical frequency conversion processes. We extend the nonlinear Ewald sphere to the Ewald shell construction. With the Ewald shell, a variety of quasi-phase-matching (QPM) effects, such as the collective envelope effect associated with multiple QPM resonances, the enhanced second- harmonic generation due to multiple reciprocal vectors etc., are suggested theoretically and verified experimentally. By rotating the nonlinear photonic crystal sample, the dynamic evolution of these QPM effects has also been observed, which agreed well with the Ewald shell model.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and National Center of Microstructures and Quantum Manipulation, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.|Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Huang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Cheng-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and National Center of Microstructures and Quantum Manipulation, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and National Center of Microstructures and Quantum Manipulation, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
authors.forename: Xu-Hao
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and National Center of Microstructures and Quantum Manipulation, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
authors.forename: Xue-Jin
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and National Center of Microstructures and Quantum Manipulation, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Qiang
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and National Center of Microstructures and Quantum Manipulation, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Zhu