title: Quantifying biochemical quality parameters in carrots (Daucus carota L.) - FT-Raman spectroscopy as efficient tool for rapid metabolite profiling.
abstract: Application of FT-Raman spectroscopy for simultaneous quantification of carotenoids, carbohydrates, polyacetylenes and phenylpropanoids with high bioactive potential was investigated in storage roots of Daucus carota. Within single FT-Raman experiment carbohydrates, carotenoids, and polyacetylenes could be reliably quantified with high coefficients of determination of R(2)>0.91. The most abundant individual representatives of each compound class could be quantified with comparably high quality resulting in R(2)=0.97 and 0.96 for α-carotene and β-carotene, in R(2)=0.90 for falcarindiol (FaDOH), R(2)=0.99, 0.98 and 0.96 for fructose, glucose and sucrose. In contrast, application of FT-Raman spectroscopy for quantification of two laserine-type phenylpropanoids was investigated but failed due to low concentration and Raman response. Furthermore, evaluation of metabolic profiles by principle component analysis (PCA) revealed metabolic variety of carrot root composition depending on root color and botanical relationship.
authors.affiliation: Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Königin-Luise-Strasse 19, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: Andrea.Kraehmer@julius-kuehn.de.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krähmer
authors.affiliation: Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Königin-Luise-Strasse 19, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: Christoph.Boettcher@julius-kuehn.de.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Böttcher
authors.affiliation: Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Breeding Research on Horticultural Crops, Erwin-Baur-Strasse 27, D-06484 Quedlinburg, Germany. Electronic address: andrearode@yahoo.de.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rode
authors.affiliation: Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Breeding Research on Horticultural Crops, Erwin-Baur-Strasse 27, D-06484 Quedlinburg, Germany. Electronic address: Thomas.Nothnagel@julius-kuehn.de.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nothnagel
authors.affiliation: Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Königin-Luise-Strasse 19, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: Hartwig.Schulz@julius-kuehn.de.
authors.forename: Hartwig
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schulz
mesh_terms: D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D018552:Daucus carota / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D053279:Polyynes / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D019207:beta Carotene; D053279:Polyynes; D002338:Carotenoids; C041635:alpha-carotene
keywords: 2-Epilaserine (PubChem CID: 92467577); 3-O-Acetylfalcarindiol (PubChem CID: 101256943); Carbohydrates; Carotenoids; Daucus carota; FT-Raman spectroscopy; Falcarindiol (PubChem CID: 5281148); Falcarinol (PubChem CID: 5281149); Fructose (PubChem CID: 5984); Glucose (PubChem CID: 5793); Laserine (PubChem CID: 15560087); Laserines; Lutein (PubChem CID: 6433159); Phenylpropanoids; Polyacetylenes; Quantification; Sucrose (PubChem CID: 5988); α-Carotene (PubChem CID: 4369188); β-Carotene (PubChem CID: 5280489)