title: Kidney anomalies diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound screening and associated non-urinary malformations: a nationwide prevalence study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the prevalence of kidney anomalies at second trimester ultrasound screening, and furthermore, to investigate pregnancy outcomes and the pattern of additional malformations.
  
  
  METHODS
  We previously identified all women attending second-trimester ultrasound scans in Denmark between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2012. Using the Astraia databases and the Danish National Patient Registry, we identified all fetuses with kidney anomalies diagnosed prenatally in these women. In addition to the prevalence of fetuses with kidney anomalies, we estimated the live birth prevalence ratio of non-urinary malformations, comparing the prevalences in infants with and without prenatally diagnosed kidney anomalies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of fetuses with kidney anomalies at second trimester scans was 11.4 per 10 000 fetuses. Among the 412 fetuses identified, 127 pregnancies were terminated. For live born children the prevalence of additional non-urinary malformations was four times higher (95% CI: 3-5) compared with the prevalence among children without prenatal kidney anomalies. Digestive system anomalies were particularly prevalent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These population-based data provide additional insight into the course of pregnancy and birth outcomes following prenatal diagnoses of kidney anomalies. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark. marirasm@rm.dk.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.
authors.forename: Morten Smaerup
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark.|Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lone
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sunde
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lene Søndergård
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Sperling
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Olav Bjørn
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Petersen
mesh_terms: D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D015995:Prevalence; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014564:Urogenital Abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology