title: Quadricuspid Aortic Valve Combined with Moderate Ascending Aortic Dilatation: A Report of Four Cases.
abstract: The quadricuspid aortic valve is a very uncommon malformation associated with aortic insufficiency, aortic stenosis, endocarditis, and ascending aortic dilatation. We report four cases of this aortic valve malformation. One patient with severe aortic regurgitation and moderate aortic dilatation required aortic valve replacement. Three patients had mild or moderate aortic insufficiency combined with moderate ascending aortic dilatation. These patients were referred to follow-up. The presented cases demonstrate that this aortic valve malformation may not be as rare as it appears and that attention must be paid to any quadricuspid findings during computed tomographic angiography and echocardiography.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Northwest Federal Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Vladimir E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Uspenskiy
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Northwest Federal Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexei M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Osadchii
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Northwest Federal Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Mikhail L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Gordeev
keywords: Aorta; Aortic valve disease; Bicuspid aortic valve; Dilatation; Quadricuspid ascending aneurysm