title: Demyelinating strain of mouse hepatitis virus infection bridging innate and adaptive immune response in the induction of demyelination.
abstract: The presence of immunoglobulin oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients supports the hypothesis of an infectious etiology, although the antigenic targets remain elusive. Neurotropic mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) infection in mice provides a useful tool for studying mechanisms of demyelination in a virus-induced experimental model of MS. This study uses Affymetrix microarray analysis to compare differential spinal cord mRNA levels between mice infected with demyelinating and non-demyelinating strains of MHV to identify host immune genes expressed in this demyelinating disease model. The study reveals that during the acute stage of infection, both strains induce inflammatory innate immune response genes, whereas upregulation of several immunoglobulin genes during chronic stage infection is unique to infection with the demyelinating strain. Results suggest that the demyelinating strain induced an innate-immune response during acute infection that may promote switching of Ig isotype genes during chronic infection, potentially playing a role in antibody-mediated progressive demyelination even after viral clearance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and ResearchKolkata (IISER-K), India.
authors.forename: Kaushiki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Biswas
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and ResearchKolkata (IISER-K), India.
authors.forename: Dhriti
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
authors.affiliation: Kimmel Cancer Centre, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Sankar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Addya
authors.affiliation: Scheie Eye Institute and FM Kirby Centre for Molecular Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Reas S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Departments of Anatomy, Pathology and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Lawrence C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Kenyon
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Randall J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Cohrs
authors.affiliation: Scheie Eye Institute and FM Kirby Centre for Molecular Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Kenneth S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Shindler
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and ResearchKolkata (IISER-K), India. Electronic address: dassarmaj@iiserkol.ac.in.
authors.forename: Jayasri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Das Sarma
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000276:immunology; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D006517:Murine hepatitis virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology