title: The Contribution of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 Genotype to Oral Cancer Susceptibility in Taiwan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of multifunctional proteins which have been shown to be up-regulated in various types of cancer. However, the contribution of MMP1 genotype to oral cancer has not been elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of MMP1 promoter 1607 genotype to the risk of oral cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this case-control study, MMP1 genotype and its interaction with consumption of areca, cigarettes, and alcohol in determining oral cancer risk were investigated in 788 patients with oral cancer and 956 gender-matched healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The distribution of 2G/2G, 1G/2G and 1G/1G for MMP1 promoter 1607 genotype was 36.8%, 40.2% and 23.0% in the oral cancer group and 34.3%, 44.9% and 20.8% in the non-cancer control group, respectively (p for trend=0.1454). We also analyzed the allelic frequency distributions and found that the variant 1G allele of MMP1 promoter 1607 conferred similar oral cancer susceptibility as the wild-type 2G allele (odds ratio=0.99, 95% confidence interval=0.87-1.14, p=0.9199). As for the gene-lifestyle interaction, there was an obvious protective effect of MMP1 promoter 1607 1G/2G genotype on the risk of oral cancer among smokers (odds ratio=0.71, 95% confidence interval=0.55-0.91, p=0.0076), but not non-smokers. There was no interaction between MMP1 promoter 1607 genotype and areca chewing or alcohol drinking habits.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 1G/2G genotype of MMP1 promoter 1607 may have a protective effect on oral cancer risk for smokers. The detailed mechanisms involved in this require further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Dentistry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Kuo-Ting
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Chia-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Wen-Shin
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Department of Otolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Liang-Chun
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Liang-Yu
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Ming-Hsiu
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Hong-Xue
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Chieh-Lun
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.affiliation: Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Yu-Cheng
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. datian@mail.cmuh.org.tw artbau2@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Chi-Yuan
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. datian@mail.cmuh.org.tw artbau2@gmail.com.
authors.forename: DA-Tian
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Bau
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: C522360:MMP1 protein, human; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1
keywords: Genotype; MMP1; Taiwan; oral cancer; polymorphism