title: Pfannenstiel laparoendoscopic reduced-port radical nephrectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We previously reported cases of laparoendoscopic single-site nephrectomy performed through an umbilical or pararectal incision. To improve cosmesis and operability, we performed three Pfannenstiel laparoendoscopic reduced-port nephrectomies.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the first case, a GelPOINT access was placed through a 2-cm umbilical incision, and two additional 3-mm trocars were inserted. The specimen was extracted through a 4-cm Pfannenstiel incision. In the second and third cases, a GelPOINT access was placed through a 5-cm Pfannenstiel incision, and two additional 3-mm trocars were inserted. The specimens were extracted without additional skin incisions. In all cases, the endoscope and vessel-sealing device were inserted through the GelPOINT access. We used 3-mm scissors, dissecting forceps, and bipolar forceps.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The operating time and estimated blood loss were 228, 280, and 155 min and 10, 410, and 5 mL, respectively. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. The 3-mm forceps showed similar efficacy as the conventional 5-mm forceps. Therefore, a Pfannenstiel reduced-port nephrectomy using 3-mm working trocars is a safe and feasible procedure with good cosmesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.|Department of Urology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mutsushi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshitaka
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryuta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujinami
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sumino
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: Fuminori
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yonese
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromitsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mimata
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Nephrectomy; Pfannenstiel; reduced-port laparoendoscopic surgery