title: Intraspecific Polymorphisms of Cytogenetic Markers Mapped on Chromosomes of Triticum polonicum L.
abstract: Triticum genus encloses several tetraploid species that are used as genetic stocks for expanding the genetic variability of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Although the T. aestivum (2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) and T. durum (2n = 4x = 28, AABB) karyotypes were well examined by chromosome staining, Giemsa C-banding and FISH markers, other tetraploids are still poorly characterized. Here, we established and compared the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) patterns on chromosomes of 20 accessions of T. polonicum species using different repetitive sequences from BAC library of wheat 'Chinese Spring'. The chromosome patterns of Polish wheat were compared to tetraploid (2n = 4x = 28, AABB) Triticum species: T. durum, T. diccocon and T. turanicum, as well. A combination of pTa-86, pTa-535 and pTa-713 probes was the most informative among 6 DNA probes tested. Probe pTa-k374, which is similar to 28S rDNA sequence enabled to distinguish signal size and location differences, as well as rDNA loci elimination. Furthermore, pTa-465 and pTa-k566 probes are helpful for the detection of similar organized chromosomes. The polymorphisms of signals distribution were observed in 2A, 2B, 3B, 5B, 6A and 7B chromosomes. Telomeric region of the short arm of 6B chromosome was the most polymorphic. Our work is novel and contributes to the understanding of T. polonicum genome organization which is essential to develop successful advanced breeding strategies for wheat. Collection and characterization of this germplasm can contribute to the wheat biodiversity safeguard.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Michał
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9442-3124
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kwiatek
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Majka
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Majka
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Belter
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: Elżbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Suchowilska
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: Urszula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wachowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wiwart
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Halina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wiśniewska
mesh_terms: D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D003582:Cytogenetics; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics*; D005819:Genetic Markers; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S / Q000235:genetics; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005819:Genetic Markers; D018749:RNA, Plant; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S