title: The Profunda Artery Perforator Flap Experience for Breast Reconstruction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The profunda artery perforator flap was first introduced for breast reconstruction in 2010. In this article, the authors analyze the results of all profunda artery perforator flaps performed by their group to date.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review was completed of consecutive profunda artery perforator flaps performed by the senior author (R.J.A.) from 2010 to 2014. Patient demographics, indications, operative techniques, flap specifics, complications, and number of operations were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-six patients have undergone 164 profunda artery perforator flap operations for breast reconstruction since 2010. Reconstructions were performed following breast cancer management (59.5 percent), following prophylactic mastectomy for cancer risk reduction (35.7 percent), and for congenital breast deformity (4.8 percent). The average age of the patients was 48 years (range, 24 to 64 years) and their average body mass index was 22.5 kg/m. Average flap weight was 367.4 g and average pedicle length was found to be 10.2 cm. The success rate of the profunda artery perforator flap was greater than 99 percent, with a 3 percent take-back rate and only one flap loss recorded. Complications included hematoma (1.9 percent), seroma (6 percent), fat necrosis (7 percent), and donor-site infection (1.9 percent).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The profunda artery perforator flap is an excellent option for breast reconstruction. Advantages include a reliable blood supply, long pedicle, thick donor tissue, and a favorable donor site. Currently, the profunda artery perforator flap is second only to the deep inferior epigastric artery perforator among flaps used by the authors for breast reconstruction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic, IV.
authors.affiliation: New York, N.Y.;and New Orleans, La.|From the Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, Institute of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center; the Division of Plastic Surgery, New York Eye, Ear & Throat Hospital; and the Division of Plastic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Science Center.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.affiliation: New York, N.Y.;and New Orleans, La.|From the Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, Institute of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center; the Division of Plastic Surgery, New York Eye, Ear & Throat Hospital; and the Division of Plastic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Science Center.
authors.forename: Z-Hye
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: New York, N.Y.;and New Orleans, La.|From the Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, Institute of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center; the Division of Plastic Surgery, New York Eye, Ear & Throat Hospital; and the Division of Plastic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Science Center.
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Mayo
authors.affiliation: New York, N.Y.;and New Orleans, La.|From the Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, Institute of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center; the Division of Plastic Surgery, New York Eye, Ear & Throat Hospital; and the Division of Plastic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Science Center.
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.affiliation: New York, N.Y.;and New Orleans, La.|From the Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, Institute of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center; the Division of Plastic Surgery, New York Eye, Ear & Throat Hospital; and the Division of Plastic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Science Center.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: New York, N.Y.;and New Orleans, La.|From the Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, Institute of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center; the Division of Plastic Surgery, New York Eye, Ear & Throat Hospital; and the Division of Plastic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Science Center.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Allen
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000637:transplantation; D000328:Adult; D001940:Breast / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D005218:Fat Necrosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006406:Hematoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000379:methods*; D008408:Mastectomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D061525:Perforator Flap / Q000098:blood supply*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D000072036:Prophylactic Mastectomy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D049291:Seroma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult