title: Biospectroscopy of Nanodiamond-Induced Alterations in Conformation of Intra- and Extracellular Proteins: A Nanoscale IR Study.
abstract: The toxicity of nanomaterials raises major concerns because of the impact that nanomaterials may have on health, which remains poorly understood. We need to explore the fate of individual nanoparticles in cells at nano and molecular levels to establish their safety. Conformational changes in secondary protein structures are one of the main indicators of impaired biological function, and hence, the ability to identify these changes at a nanoscale level offers unique insights into the nanotoxicity of materials. Here, we used nanoscale infrared spectroscopy and demonstrated for the first time that nanodiamond-induced alterations in both extra- and intracellular secondary protein structures lead to the formation of antiparallel β-sheet, β-turns, intermolecular β-sheet, and aggregation of proteins. These conformational changes of the protein structure may result in the loss of functionality of proteins and in turn lead to adverse effects.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney , NSW 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Dipesh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Khanal
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, The University of Sydney , NSW 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Alexey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kondyurin
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney , NSW 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Herman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hau
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London , 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, U.K.
authors.forename: Jonathan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Knowles
authors.affiliation: Ray Techniques Ltd. , Jerusalem 9139101, Israel.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Levinson
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney , NSW 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Iqbal
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ramzan
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney , NSW 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Light Light Solutions , P.O. Box 81486, Athens, Georgia 30608-1484, United States.
authors.forename: Curtis
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marcott
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney , NSW 2006, Australia.|Australian Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology, The University of Sydney , NSW 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chrzanowski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D058612:Nanodiamonds / Q000737:chemistry*; D000072757:Protein Conformation, beta-Strand / Q000187:drug effects; D055503:Protein Multimerization / Q000187:drug effects; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D018874:Spheroids, Cellular / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D005353:Fibronectins; D058612:Nanodiamonds; D011506:Proteins