title: Lysyl-tRNA synthetase from Myxococcus xanthus catalyzes the formation of diadenosine penta- and hexaphosphates from adenosine tetraphosphate.
abstract: Myxococcus xanthus lysyl-tRNA synthetase (LysS) produces diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A) from ATP in the presence of Mn(2+); in the present study, it also generated Ap4 from ATP and triphosphate. When ATP and Ap4 were incubated with LysS and pyrophosphatase, first Ap4A, Ap5A, and ADP, and then Ap5, Ap6A, and Ap3A were generated. The results suggest that in the first step, LysS can form lysyl-AMP and lysyl-ADP intermediates from Ap4 and release triphosphate and diphosphate, respectively, whereas in the second step, it can produce Ap5 from lysyl-ADP with triphosphate, and Ap6A from lysyl-ADP with Ap4. In addition, in the presence of Ap4 and pyrophosphatase, but absence of ATP, LysS also generates diadenosine oligophosphates (ApnAs: n = 3-6). These results indicate that LysS has the ability to catalyze the formation of various ApnAs from Ap4 in the presence of pyrophosphatase. Furthermore, the formation of Ap4A by LysS was inhibited by tRNA(Lys) in the presence of 1 mM ATP. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of Ap5A and Ap6A synthesis by lysyl-tRNA synthetase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Manami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyusyu University, Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takegawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kagawa, Japan. Electronic address: kimura@ag.kagawa-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000737:chemistry; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000737:chemistry; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D002384:Catalysis; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D015226:Dinucleoside Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate / Q000737:chemistry; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007700:Kinetics; D008250:Lysine-tRNA Ligase / Q000737:chemistry*; D008345:Manganese / Q000737:chemistry; D016941:Myxococcus xanthus / Q000201:enzymology*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D011755:Pyrophosphatases / Q000737:chemistry; D012265:Ribonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D015226:Dinucleoside Phosphates; D010710:Phosphates; D012265:Ribonucleotides; D008345:Manganese; C012275:P(1),P(5)-di(adenosine-5'-)pentaphosphate; C011440:diadenosine triphosphate; C070070:diadenosine 5',5''''-P1,P6-hexaphosphate; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D011755:Pyrophosphatases; D008250:Lysine-tRNA Ligase
keywords: Adenosine tetraphosphate; Diadenosine hexaphosphate; Diadenosine pentaphosphate; Lysyl-tRNA synthetase; Myxococcus xanthus