title: Effects of Lentinula edodes consumption on biochemical, hematologic and oxidative stress parameters in rats receiving high-fat diet.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Functional foods can prevent/reduce the risks related to obesity. Lentinula edodes is a highly nutritious mushroom rich in protein, vitamins and minerals. Some studies have demonstrated the hypocholesterolemic effects from L. edodes in high doses, which does not represent the consumption in humans. We evaluated ingestion of a realistic dose of L. edodes associated with a high-fat diet (HFD) on hematologic, biochemical and oxidative stress parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control (normal diet); HFD; and HFD + L. edodes (100 mg/kg/day). After 30 days, blood was collected. Biochemical and hematologic parameters were analyzed, as well as oxidative stress biomarkers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The HFD increased levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides. Lentinula edodes reduced these parameters significantly to concentrations found in the control group. The HFD increased levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase (markers of liver damage). Lentinula edodes returned the levels of these enzymes to normal levels and normalized serum levels of urea (which were also increased owing to consumption of the HFD). Lentinula edodes reduced levels of urea and glucose. Lipid peroxidation was increased in rats receiving the HFD, and L. edodes reduced malondialdehyde levels, thereby preventing oxidation of fatty acids.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lentinula edodes was shown to have hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective and renoprotective features in doses that are suitable for humans.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicological Research, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, University of Sorocaba, Km 92.5, Sorocaba, São Paulo State, 18023-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sara Rosicler Vieira
authors.initials: SRV
authors.lastname: Spim
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicological Research, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, University of Sorocaba, Km 92.5, Sorocaba, São Paulo State, 18023-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruna Giovanna Corrêa Chrispim
authors.initials: BGCC
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicological Research, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, University of Sorocaba, Km 92.5, Sorocaba, São Paulo State, 18023-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda Gomes
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicological Research, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, University of Sorocaba, Km 92.5, Sorocaba, São Paulo State, 18023-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marli
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gerenutti
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicological Research, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, University of Sorocaba, Km 92.5, Sorocaba, São Paulo State, 18023-000, Brazil. denise.grotto@prof.uniso.br.
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grotto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055951:Functional Food; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020942:Shiitake Mushrooms / Q000737:chemistry*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D018977:Micronutrients; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Glucans; Lentinula edodes; Metabolic disorder; Nutraceuticals; Oxidative stress