title: A heavy metal P-type ATPase OsHMA4 prevents copper accumulation in rice grain.
abstract: Rice is a major source of calories and mineral nutrients for over half the world's human population. However, little is known in rice about the genetic basis of variation in accumulation of copper (Cu), an essential but potentially toxic nutrient. Here we identify OsHMA4 as the likely causal gene of a quantitative trait locus controlling Cu accumulation in rice grain. We provide evidence that OsHMA4 functions to sequester Cu into root vacuoles, limiting Cu accumulation in the grain. The difference in grain Cu accumulation is most likely attributed to a single amino acid substitution that leads to different OsHMA4 transport activity. The allele associated with low grain Cu was found in 67 of the 1,367 rice accessions investigated. Identification of natural allelic variation in OsHMA4 may facilitate the development of rice varieties with grain Cu concentrations tuned to both the concentration of Cu in the soil and dietary needs.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, UK.
authors.forename: Xin-Yuan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan.
authors.forename: Fenglin
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2577-9001
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamaji
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Stuttgart, Arkansas 72160, USA.
authors.forename: Shannon R M
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Pinson
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan.
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujii-Kashino
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, UK.
authors.forename: John
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5103-3852
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Danku
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, UK.
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Douglas
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA.
authors.forename: Mary Lou
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Guerinot
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, UK.
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Salt
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan.
authors.forename: Jian Feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism*; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry*; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000073779:P-type ATPases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci / Q000235:genetics; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D003300:Copper; D000073779:P-type ATPases