title: The effect of fibromyalgia syndrome to gravidity, parity and duration of breastfeeding; A prospective study from Turkey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fibromyalgia syndrome (FS) is a chronic pain disorder usually affecting women in their fertile period of life. However, the relationship between FS and pregnancy has not been studied in depth. The effect of FS on the course of pregnancy is poorly investigated in the current literature. Here we aimed to investigate the effects of FS to menarche age, gravidity, parity and duration of breastfeeding.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and eighty-seven non-pregnant females attending between March 2015-June 2015, to Malatya State Hospital Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Outpatient Clinic, were included in this prospective study. One hundred eleven (111) of them were diagnosed with FS according to the American Rheumatology Association (ACR) 2010 criteria and were defined as group 1; group 2 comprised of seventy six (76) non-pregnant healthy volunteers. All participants were asked about their menarche age, marriage age, gravidity, parity, duration of breastfeeding by conducting a basic questionnaire survey. Patients' body mass index (BMI) were recorded. Depression parameters were evaluated by Beck Depression Scale (BDS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average age of the patients was 39.04±9.21 (FS) and 38.47±9.65 (Control) years; first menarche age was at 13.28±1.38 (FS) and 13.59±1.54 years (Control), and marriage age was 20.1±3.62 (FS) and 20.69±3.90 years (Control), respectively. No statistically significant difference was found (p=0.598) between BMI values (FS, 27.76±4.95; Control 26.90±4.56 kg/m(2)). The results from both groups were similar in terms of gravidity, parity, and breastfeeding duration, with no statistically significant differences (p=0.252, 0.093, 0.075, respectively). The only significant difference was found in the depression parameter. The BDS results were statistically different between the groups, found higher in FS group (p=0.000).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FS occurs as a result of symptoms such as mood disorder, anxiety, cognitive and sleep disorders, and also hormonal changes; no exact cause has yet been established. The syndrome usually occurs during fertile period of young female. According to the findings of our study, FS has no negative effect on the outcome of gravidity, parity, and duration of breastfeeding in Turkish women. Further studies about the effects of FS on the course of pregnancy are required.
authors.affiliation: Koca Tuba Tülay, Medical Doctor, Dept. of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, State Hospital, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Koca Tuba
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Tulay
authors.affiliation: Tanrikut Emrullah, Operator Doctor, Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, State Hospital, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tanrikut
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Emrullah
authors.affiliation: Arslan Aydin, Operator Doctor, Dept. of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, State Hospital, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Arslan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aydin
authors.affiliation: Ozdemir Filiz Ciledag, Physical Therapist, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozdemir Filiz
authors.initials: OF
authors.lastname: Ciledag
keywords: Breastfeeding; Fibromyalgia; Pregnancy