title: Assessment of the SonixGPS system for its application in real-time ultrasonography navigation-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy for the treatment of complex kidney stones.
abstract: SonixGPS is a novel real-time ultrasonography navigation technology, which has been demonstrated to promote accuracy of puncture in surgical operations. The aim of this study is to evaluate its application in guiding the puncture during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). We retrospectively reviewed our experience in treating a total of 74 patients with complex kidney stones with PCNL, in which puncture in 37 cases were guided by SonixGPS system, while the other 37 by conventional ultrasound. The effectiveness of operation was evaluated in terms of stone clearance rate, operation time, time to successful puncture, number of attempts for successful puncture and hospital stay. The safety of operation was examined by evaluating postoperative complications. Our retrospective review showed that although there were no significant differences in stone clearance rates between the groups, SonixGPS guidance resulted in more puncture accuracy with shorter puncture time and higher successful puncture rate. Under the help of SonixGPS, most patients (92 %) had no or just mild complications, compared to that (73 %) in conventional ultrasound group. Post-operative decrease of hemoglobin in SonixGPS group was 13.79 (7-33) mg/dl, significantly lower than that 20.97 (8-41) mg/dl in conventional ultrasound group. Our experience demonstrates that SonixGPS is superior to conventional ultrasound in guiding the puncture in PCNL for the treatment of complex kidney stone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Qingzhi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Xingfa
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Dalin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China. hehui1970@126.com.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D061646:Operative Time; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Complex kidney stone; Navigation; PCNL; SonixGPS; Ultrasonography