title: Jasmonates: Multifunctional Roles in Stress Tolerance.
abstract: Jasmonates (JAs) [Jasmonic acid (JA) and methyl jasmonates (MeJAs)] are known to take part in various physiological processes. Exogenous application of JAs so far tested on different plants under abiotic stresses particularly salinity, drought, and temperature (low/high) conditions have proved effective in improving plant stress tolerance. However, its extent of effectiveness entirely depends on the type of plant species tested or its concentration. The effects of introgression or silencing of different JA- and Me-JA-related genes have been summarized in this review, which have shown a substantial role in improving crop yield and quality in different plants under stress or non-stress conditions. Regulation of JAs synthesis is impaired in stressed as well as unstressed plant cells/tissues, which is believed to be associated with a variety of metabolic events including signal transduction. Although, mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are important components of JA signaling and biosynthesis pathways, nitric oxide, ROS, calcium, ABA, ethylene, and salicylic acid are also important mediators of plant growth and development during JA signal transduction and synthesis. The exploration of other signaling molecules can be beneficial to examine the details of underlying molecular mechanisms of JA signal transduction. Much work is to be done in near future to find the proper answers of the questions like action of JA related metabolites, and identification of universal JA receptors etc. Complete signaling pathways involving MAPKs, CDPK, TGA, SIPK, WIPK, and WRKY transcription factors are yet to be investigated to understand the complete mechanism of action of JAs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, S.P. CollegeSrinagar, India; Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud UniversityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Parvaiz
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Forest Biotech Lab, Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Saiema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rasool
authors.affiliation: Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Science and Technology Islamabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Alvina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gul
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Govt. Degree College (Boys), Anantnag Anantnag, India.
authors.forename: Subzar A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Sheikh
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, GC University Faisalabad Faisalabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Nudrat A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Akram
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud UniversityRiyadh, Saudi Arabia; Pakistan Science FoundationIslamabad, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ashraf
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, University of Sargodha Sargodha, Pakistan.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kazi
authors.affiliation: Centre for Environmental Research, Near East University Nicosia, Cyprus.
authors.forename: Salih
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gucel
keywords: MAPK cascades; jasmonate biosynthesis; physiological responses; plant stress tolerance; signaling pathway