title: Enhanced Biocide Mitigation of Field Biofilm Consortia by a Mixture of D-Amino Acids.
abstract: Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is a major problem in the oil and gas industry as well as in many other industries. Current treatment methods rely mostly on pigging and biocide dosing. Biocide resistance is a growing concern. Thus, it is desirable to use biocide enhancers to improve the efficacy of existing biocides. D-Amino acids are naturally occurring. Our previous work demonstrated that some D-amino acids are biocide enhancers. Under a biocide stress of 50 ppm (w/w) hydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfate (THPS) biocide, 1 ppm D-tyrosine and 100 ppm D-methionine used separately successfully mitigated the Desulfovibrio vulgaris biofilm on carbon steel coupons. The data reported in this work revealed that 50 ppm of an equimolar mixture of D-methionine, D-tyrosine, D-leucine, and D-tryptophan greatly enhanced 50 ppm THPS biocide treatment of two recalcitrant biofilm consortia containing sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), nitrate reducing bacteria (NRB), and fermentative bacteria, etc., from oil-field operations. The data also indicated that individual D-amino acids were inadequate for the biofilm consortia.
authors.affiliation: College of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Electronics Technology, Beijing University of Technology Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yingchao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Corrosion and Multiphase Technology, Ohio University Athens, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Ru
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Saudi Basic Industries Corporation Jubail, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Hussain H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Al-Mahamedh
authors.affiliation: Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Dake
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Institute for Corrosion and Multiphase Technology, Ohio University Athens, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Tingyue
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gu
keywords: D-amino acid; biocide; biocide enhancer; biofilm consortium; microbiologically influenced corrosion