title: Analysis of glucose metabolism of (18)F-FDG in major depression patients using PET imaging: Correlation of salivary cortisol and α-amylase.
abstract: Current diagnosis of Major depressive disorder (MDD) depends on its clinical symptoms, not on the results of any laboratory examinations. Establishing biological markers for diagnosis of MDD is one of the most important problems to be solved in psychiatry practice. MDD patients (n=8) and a healthy control group (n=8) were recruited in this study. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) assessments were completed and saliva samples were collected for assessments of salivary cortisol and salivary α-amylase (sAA). PET examination was performed. Salivary cortisol and sAA in the MDD patients group were significantly higher than the healthy control group (P<0.001). MDD patients showed lower glucose metabolism of 18F-FDG in Cingulate Gyrus (BA24), Superior Frontal Gyrus (BA6), Rectal Gyrus (BA11) and Orbital Gyrus (BA11/47) compared with the healthy control group. The severity of depression, salivary cortisol and sAA correlated negatively with regional glucose metabolism in Cingulate Gyrus (BA 24), Superior Frontal Gyrus (BA 6), Rectal Gyrus (BA 11) and Orbital Gyrus (BA 11/47). The combination of salivary cortisol, sAA, superior frontal gyrus and rectal gyrus was the potential predictor of depression for MDD patients (ΔR(2)=0.981, p<0.001). The present study showed that, MDD patients group showed higher salivary cortisol, sAA levels and lower glucose metabolism of (18)F-FDG in several brain areas compared with the healthy control group. The combination of salivary cortisol, sAA, glucose metabolism of (18)F-FDG of superior frontal gyrus and rectal gyrus may serve as a simple clinical tool for the early diagnosis of MDD.
authors.affiliation: Lab of Integrative Medicine for Lung, Inflammation and Cancers, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Lab of Integrative Medicine for Lung, Inflammation and Cancers, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Li
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: PET Centre, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.affiliation: PET Centre, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Chuan-Tao
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.affiliation: PET Centre, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jing-Jie
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.affiliation: Lab of Integrative Medicine for Lung, Inflammation and Cancers, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Ying
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Lab of Integrative Medicine for Lung, Inflammation and Cancers, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Bao-Jun
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Lab of Integrative Medicine for Lung, Inflammation and Cancers, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Xue
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.affiliation: Lab of Integrative Medicine for Lung, Inflammation and Cancers, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: jcdong2004@126.com.
authors.forename: Jing-Cheng
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Lab of Integrative Medicine for Lung, Inflammation and Cancers, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: xdzy2004@163.com.
authors.forename: Yi-Jie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Du
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000378:metabolism*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D000516:alpha-Amylases; D005947:Glucose; D006854:Hydrocortisone
keywords: Glucose metabolism of 18F-FDG; Major depression; PET imaging; Salivary cortisol; Salivary α-amylase