title: Public-access AED pad application and outcomes for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in Osaka, Japan.
abstract: Actual application of public-access automated external defibrillator (AED) pads to patients with an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) by the public has been poorly investigated.
  
  
  
  AED applications, prehospital characteristics, and one-month outcomes of OHCAs occurring in Osaka Prefecture from 2011 to 2012 were obtained from the Utstein Osaka Project registry. Patients with a non-traumatic OHCA occurring before emergency medical service attendance were enrolled. The proportion of AED pads that were applied to the patients' chests by the public and one-month outcomes were analysed according to the location of OHCA.
  
  
  
  In total, public-access AED pads were applied to 3.5% of OHCA patients (351/9978) during the study period. In the multivariate analyses, OHCAs that occurred in public places and received bystander-initiated cardiopulmonary resuscitation were associated with significantly higher application of public-access AEDs. Among the patients for whom public-access AED pads were applied, 29.6% (104/351) received public-access defibrillation. One-month survival with a favourable neurological outcome was significantly higher among patients who had an AED applied compared to those who did not (19.4% vs. 3.0%; OR: 2.76 [95% CI: 1.92-3.97]).
  
  
  
  The application of public-access AEDs leads to favourable outcomes after an OHCA, but utilisation of available equipment remains insufficient, and varies considerably according to the location of the OHCA event. Alongside disseminating public-access AEDs, further strategic approaches for the deployment of AEDs at the scene, as well as basic life support training for the public are required to improve survival rates after OHCAs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kiyohara
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuhisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-15 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.affiliation: Department of Critical Care Nursing, Kyoto University Graduate School of Human Health Science, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Chika
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Acute Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishiuchi
authors.affiliation: Senri Critical Care Medical Center, Osaka Saiseikai Senri Hospital, 1-1-6 Tsukumodai, Suita, Osaka 565-0862, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.affiliation: Iseikai Hospital, 6-2-25 Sugawara, Higashi Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 533-0022, Japan.
authors.forename: Seishiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marukawa
authors.affiliation: Kyoto University Health Services, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. Electronic address: iwami.taku.8w@kyoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwami
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D047548:Defibrillators / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004554:Electric Countershock / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004638:Emergency Treatment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058687:Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012042:Registries; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Basic life support; Epidemiology; Out-of-hospital cardiac arrests; Outcomes; Public-access automated external defibrillator