title: Comparison of the Haemodynamic Effects of Three Different Methods at the Induction of Anaesthesia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Haemodynamic variations are inevitable during induction of anaesthetic drugs. The present study investigates the haemodynamic variations of three different drugs (thiopental, propofol, and etomidate) used for induction of general anaesthesia together with fentanyl.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a randomized, double-blind study, 45 patients were assigned to one of three groups (n=15 each). Fentanyl 1 μg kg(-1) was injected over 60 sec followed by propofol 2 mg kg(-1) (Group P), thiopentone 6 mg kg(-1) (Group T), or etomidate 0.3 mg kg(-1) (Group E). Noninvasive measurements of systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR) was performed on admittance, immediately before the induction of anaesthesia, and 1, 3, and 5 min thereafter. Cardiac output (CO) values were recorded before induction, immediately after the injection of the drug, and at 1 min after the intubation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all groups, during the study period, SAP, DAP, MAP, and CO values decreased with respect to time before induction. Following the administration of the induction dose of propofol (Group P), a significantly greater decrease of systolic and diastolic blood pressure was observed with etomidate (Group E) or thiopentone (Group T). Decrease in CO was also more marked with propofol (Group P) than with etomidate (Group E) or thiopentone (Group T).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It's concluded that, in this study, the combination of fentanyl-etomidate is safer than both the groups of fentanyl-propofol and fentanyl-thiopental in terms of providing haemodynamic stability.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Gaziantep Şehit Kemal State Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet Levent
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Uygur
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayşın
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ersoy
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Kafkas University Faculty of Medicine, Kars, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aysel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Altan
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Zekeriya
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ervatan
authors.affiliation: Clinic of General Surgery, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sedat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamalı
keywords: Propofol; etomidate; haemodynamic changes; induction; thiopental