title: Amide proton transfer imaging of brain tumors using a self-corrected 3D fast spin-echo dixon method: Comparison With separate B0correction.
abstract: To assess the quantitative performance of three-dimensional (3D) fast spin-echo (FSE) Dixon amide proton transfer (APT) imaging of brain tumors compared with B0correction with separate mapping methods.
  
  
  
  Twenty-two patients with brain tumors (54.2 ± 18.7 years old, 12 males and 10 females) were scanned at 3 Tesla (T). Z-spectra were obtained at seven different frequency offsets at ±3.1 ppm, ± 3.5 ppm, ± 3.9 ppm, and -1560 ppm. The scan was repeated three times at +3.5 ppm with echo shifts for Dixon B0mapping. The APT image corrected by a three-point Dixon-type B0map from the same scan (3D-Dixon) or a separate B0map (2D-separate and 3D-separate), and an uncorrected APT image (3D-uncorrected) were generated. We compared the APT-weighted signals within a tumor obtained with each 3D method with those obtained with 2D-separate as a reference standard.
  
  
  
  Excellent agreements and correlations with the 2D-separate were obtained by the 3D-Dixon method for both mean (ICC = 0.964, r = 0.93, P < 0.0001) and 90th-percentile (ICC = 0.972, r = 0.95, P < 0.0001) APT-weighted signals. These agreements and correlations for 3D-Dixon were better than those obtained by the 3D-uncorrected and 3D-separate methods.
  
  
  
  The 3D FSE Dixon APT method with intrinsic B0correction offers a quantitative performance that is similar to that of established two-dimensional (2D) methods. Magn Reson Med 77:2272-2279, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Togao
authors.affiliation: Philips Research Europe, Röntgenstrasse 24-26, Hamburg, 22335, Germany.
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Keupp
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hiwatashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazufumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.affiliation: Philips Electronics Japan, 2-13-37 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoneyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Honda
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000378:metabolism*; D016477:Artifacts; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods; D011522:Protons; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013113:Spin Labels; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D011522:Protons; D013113:Spin Labels
keywords: Dixon; amide proton transfer (APT) imaging; brain tumor; chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST)