title: Rape and Mental Health Outcomes Among Women: Examining the Moderating Effects of "Healthy" Fear Levels.
abstract: This study examined the mediating and moderating impact of fear of victimization on the relationships between forcible and vicarious rape on depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among college women. Forcible and vicarious rape positively affected PTSD and depression symptomology, but fear did not mediate these relationships. Fear moderated the impact of forcible rape on PTSD, but was not a moderator for depression. Findings suggest that there may be "healthy" levels of fear in the aftermath of victimization where having too little fear may leave women unnecessarily vulnerable to victimization, while having too much fear may lead to social isolation and withdrawal.
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Nebraska Omaha, NE, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Spohn
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Nebraska Omaha, NE, USA.
authors.forename: Emily M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.affiliation: 1 University of Nebraska Omaha, NE, USA.
authors.forename: Johanna C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Peterson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D005239:Fear / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011902:Rape / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology
keywords: fear; mental health; rape