title: Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial effect of herbal root canal irrigants (Morinda citrifolia, Azadirachta indica, Aloe vera) with sodium hypochlorite: An in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Successful root canal treatment involves the complete elimination of microorganism from the root canal and the three-dimensional obturation of the canal space. Enterococcus faecalis is the most commonly found bacteria in failed root canal. Chemical irrigation of canals along with biomechanical preparation helps in the elimination of microorganisms. The present study was aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of herbal root canal irrigants (Morinda citrifolia, Azadirachta indica extract, Aloe vera) with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl).
  
  
  METHODS
  The bacterial E. faecalis (ATCC) culture was grown overnight in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth and inoculated in Mueller-Hinton agar plates. Antibacterial inhibition was assessed using agar well diffusion method. All five study irrigants were added to respective wells in agar plates and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. Bacterial inhibition zone around each well was recorded. Results were tabulated and statistically analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software for Windows, version 19.0. (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Highest inhibitory zone against E. faecalis was seen in NaOCl fallowed by M. citrifolia and A. indica extract, and the least by A. vera extract.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tested herbal medicine (A. indica extract, M. citrifolia, A. vera) showed inhibitory zone against E. faecalis. Hence, these irrigants can be used as root canal irrigating solutions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sharavthi Dental College, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Prashant
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Babaji
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SMBT Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Nashik, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Kiran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jagtap
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, ITS Dental College, Ghaziyabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Himani
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, DY Patil Dental School, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Nandita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bansal
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, PSM College of Dental Science and Research, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thajuraj
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Maitri College of Dentistry and Research Centre, Chhattisgarh, India.
authors.forename: Priti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sondhi
keywords: Antimicrobial; herbal; irrigants; root canal; sodium hypochlorite