title: The Effect of Local Anesthetic Infiltration Around Nephrostomy Tract on Postoperative Pain Control after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the safety and efficacy of local anesthetic infiltration around nephrostomy tract on postoperative pain control after percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This systematic review was performed based on randomized clinic trials about local anesthetic infiltration around nephrostomy tract on postoperative pain control. The weighted mean difference (WMD), with their corresponding 95% CI, was calculated to compare continuous variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results showed that the consumption of analgesic was less in the experimental group than in the control group (WMD -25.32, 95% CI -48.09 to -2.55, p = 0.003). There was no significant difference between the mean Visual Analog Scale (VAS) in the experimental group than the control group after 6 h while significantly lower after 24 h. The time of first analgesic demand was significantly longer in the experimental group (WMD 2.19, 95% CI 0.98-3.41). There was no significant difference between 2 groups in terms of operation time, hemoglobin (Hb) alteration, and hospital stay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local anesthetic infiltration around nephrostomy tract had similar efficacy in the control group in terms of operation time, Hb alteration, and hospital stay, but offers some potential advantages in terms of analgesia requirement, the time of first analgesic demand, and VAS-24 h. However, good quality and large studies with long-term follow-up are warranted for further research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The General Hospital of Chongqing Steel Company, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Jiawu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chengyao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Guangzhong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Wenkai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Guoqiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000009:adverse effects; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local