title: Infectious Diarrhea: Norovirus and Clostridium difficile in Older Adults.
abstract: Norovirus infection usually results in acute gastroenteritis, often with incapacitating nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. It is highly contagious and resistant to eradication with alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Appropriate preventative and infection control measures can mitigate the morbidity and mortality associated with norovirus infection. Clostridium difficile infection is the leading cause of health care-associated diarrhea in the United States. Antibiotic use is by far the most common risk factor for C difficile colonization and infection. Appropriate preventive measures and judicious use of antibiotics can help mitigate the morbidity and mortality associated with C difficile infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11300 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
authors.forename: Mary B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: White
authors.affiliation: County of Los Angeles Department of Public Health, Curtis Tucker Health Center, 123 West Manchester Boulevard, Inglewood CA 90301, USA. Electronic address: srajagopalan@ph.lacounty.gov.
authors.forename: Shobita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajagopalan
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11300 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D016360:Clostridioides difficile / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008134:Long-Term Care; D029322:Norovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012307:Risk Factors
keywords: Aging; Clostridium difficile infection; Elderly; Gastroenteritis; Infectious diarrhea; Long-term care; Long-term care facilities; Norovirus