title: NaCl-, protease-tolerant and cold-active endoglucanase from Paenibacillus sp. YD236 isolated from the feces of Bos frontalis.
abstract: Bos frontalis, which consumes bamboo and weeds, may have evolved unique gastrointestinal microorganisms that digest cellulase. A Paenibacillus sp. YD236 strain was isolated from B. frontalis feces, from which a GH8 endoglucanase gene, pglue8 (1107 bp, 54.5 % GC content), encoding a 368-residue polypeptide (PgluE8, 40.4 kDa) was cloned. PgluE8 efficiently hydrolyzed barley-β-d-glucan followed by CMC-Na, soluble starch, laminarin, and glucan from black yeast optimally at pH 5.5 and 50 °C, and retained 78.6, 41.6, and 34.5 % maximum activity when assayed at 20, 10, and 0 °C, respectively. Enzyme activity remained above 176.6 % after treatment with 10.0 mM β-mercaptoethanol, and was 83.0, 78, and 56 % after pre-incubation in 30 % (w/v) NaCl, 16.67 mg/mL trypsin, and 160.0 mg/mL protease K, respectively. Cys23 and Cys364 residues were critical for PgluE8 activity. pglue8, identified from B. frontalis feces for the first time in this study, is a potential alternative for applications including food processing, washing, and animal feed preparation.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Mingjie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.|Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, No.1 Yuhua District, Chenggong, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yunjuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.|Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, No.1 Yuhua District, Chenggong, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xianghua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jidong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.|Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, No.1 Yuhua District, Chenggong, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.|Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, No.1 Yuhua District, Chenggong, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Junjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.|Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, No.1 Yuhua District, Chenggong, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.|Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, No.1 Yuhua District, Chenggong, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Junpei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.|Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, No.1 Yuhua District, Chenggong, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Junmei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.|Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, No.1 Yuhua District, Chenggong, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Nanyu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.|Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, No.1 Yuhua District, Chenggong, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuelin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.|Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, No.1 Yuhua District, Chenggong, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China.|Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500 People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zunxi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
keywords: Bos frontalis; Endoglucanase; Enzyme characterization; Heterologous expression; Paenibacillus