title: Co-Adaptation Is Key to Coexisting with Large Carnivores.
abstract: There is a pressing need to integrate large carnivore species into multi-use landscapes outside protected areas. However, an unclear understanding of coexistence hinders the realization of this goal. Here, we provide a comprehensive conceptualization of coexistence in which mutual adaptations by both large carnivores and humans have a central role.
authors.affiliation: Boise State University, Human-Environment Systems Center, Boise, ID, USA. Electronic address: neilcarter@boisestate.edu.
authors.forename: Neil H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: John D C
authors.initials: JDC
authors.lastname: Linnell
mesh_terms: D000220:Adaptation, Biological; D000818:Animals; D002335:Carnivora; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D006801:Humans
keywords: carnivore conservation; co-adaptation; coexistence; human–wildlife interactions; shared landscapes