title: [μ-Opioid Receptor Gene (OPRM1) Polymorphisms A118G and C17T in Alcohol Dependence: A Turkish Sample].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous investigations on opioid system genetics have identified polymorphisms of the OPRM1 gene expressing μ-opioid receptors to be significantly associated with some features of alcohol dependence (AD). In the present study, we evaluated the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the OPRM1 gene, A118G (rs1799971, Asn40Asp) and C17T (rs1799972, Arg6Val), and AD diagnosis, level of alcohol consumption, and AD severity in a Turkish sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  121 AD patients and 117 healthy male subjects were included in the study. OPRM1 A118G (N40D) and C17T (A6V) polymorphisms were evaluated using PCR - RFLP (polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism) method. We evaluated the association between the presence of SNPs and AD diagnosis, family history of AD, AD severity evaluated via the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST), the daily average and maximum quantity of alcohol consumed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in OPRM1 A118G genotype frequencies between the AD and control groups. T allele frequency for the OPRM1 C17T SNP was very low (0.006) in the sample population. OPRM1 A118G SNP G118 allele carriers showed significantly higher levels of AD severity as indicated by the MAST.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The OPRM1 G118 allele was significantly associated with more severe AD in the Turkish population. Similar to other European populations, the frequency of the OPRM1 T17 allele was very low.
authors.forename: Şeref Can
authors.initials: ŞC
authors.lastname: Gürel
authors.forename: Yavuz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ayhan
authors.forename: Çağatay
authors.initials: Ç
authors.lastname: Karaaslan
authors.forename: Hayriye
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akel
authors.forename: Ragıp Özgür
authors.initials: RÖ
authors.lastname: Karaca
authors.forename: Melih Önder
authors.initials: MÖ
authors.lastname: Babaoğlu
authors.forename: Ümit
authors.initials: Ü
authors.lastname: Yaşar
authors.forename: Atilla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bozkurt
authors.forename: Nesrin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dilbaz
authors.forename: Berna Diclenur
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Uluğ
authors.forename: Başaran
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Demir
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu / Q000235:genetics*; D014421:Turkey; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C485764:OPRM1 protein, human; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu