title: The ubiquitin-like modifier FAT10 in cancer development.
abstract: During the last years it has emerged that the ubiquitin-like modifier FAT10 is directly involved in cancer development. FAT10 expression is highly up-regulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α in all cell types and tissues and it was also found to be up-regulated in many cancer types such as glioma, colorectal, liver or gastric cancer. While pro-inflammatory cytokines within the tumor microenvironment probably contribute to FAT10 overexpression, an increasing body of evidence argues that pro-malignant capacities of FAT10 itself largely underlie its broad and intense overexpression in tumor tissues. FAT10 thereby regulates pathways involved in cancer development such as the NF-κB- or Wnt-signaling. Moreover, FAT10 directly interacts with and influences downstream targets such as MAD2, p53 or β-catenin, leading to enhanced survival, proliferation, invasion and metastasis formation of cancer cells but also of non-malignant cells. In this review we will provide an overview of the regulation of FAT10 expression as well as its function in carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Institute Thurgau at the University of Konstanz, CH-8280 Kreuzlingen, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aichem
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Institute Thurgau at the University of Konstanz, CH-8280 Kreuzlingen, Switzerland; Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany. Electronic address: marcus.groettrup@uni-konstanz.de.
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Groettrup
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D063646:Carcinogenesis; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D014452:Ubiquitins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014452:Ubiquitins
keywords: Carcinogenesis; FAT10; Inflammation; UBD; Ubiquitin proteasome system