title: Reference values of clinical pathology parameters in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) used in preclinical studies.
abstract: Nonhuman primates are increasingly used in biomedical research since they are highly homologous to humans compared to other rodent animals. However, there is limited reliable reference data of the clinical pathology parameters in cynomolgus monkeys, and in particular, only some coagulation and urinalysis parameters have been reported. Here, we reported the reference data of clinical chemical, hematological, blood coagulation, and urinalysis parameters in cynomolgus monkeys. The role of sex differences was analyzed and several parameters (including hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cell, blood urea nitrogen, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine kinase, gamma-glutamyl tranferase, and lactate dehydrogenase) significantly differed between male and female subjects. In addition, compared to previous study results, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine kinase, and aspartate aminotransferase showed significant variation. Interstudy differences could be affected by several factors, including age, sex, geographic origin, presence/absence of anesthetics, fasting state, and the analytical methods used. Therefore, it is important to deliberate with the overall reference indices. In conclusion, the current study provides a comprehensive and updated reference data of the clinical pathology parameters in cynomolgus monkeys and provides improved assessment criteria for evaluating preclinical studies or biomedical research.
authors.affiliation: Pathology Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 141 Gajeongro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Kyu
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Pathology Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 141 Gajeongro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Pathology Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 141 Gajeongro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Byoung-Seok
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Pathology Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 141 Gajeongro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Heejin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Pathology Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 141 Gajeongro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Seok
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Pathology Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 30 Baekhak 1-gil, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi-Jin
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Pathology Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 141 Gajeongro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Wan-Jung
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Im
authors.affiliation: Pathology Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 141 Gajeongro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Do-Yong
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Pathology Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 141 Gajeongro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Woo-Jin
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: General Toxicology Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 30 Baekhak 1-gil, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Cheol
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Pathology Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 141 Gajeongro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Bum
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Cynomolgus monkey; blood coagulation; clinical chemistry; hematology; urinalysis