title: Sepsis in PD-1 light.
abstract: Increasing evidence suggests that after the first pro-inflammatory hours, sepsis is characterized by the occurrence of severe immunosuppression. Several mechanisms have been reported to participate in sepsis-induced immune alterations affecting both innate and adaptive immunity. Of these, the concept of 'cell exhaustion' has gained a lot of interest because some parallels can be drawn with the cancer field in which immunostimulation approaches through blocking immune checkpoints currently obtain remarkable success. Herein, perspectives regarding co-inhibitory receptors' contribution to lymphocyte exhaustion in sepsis will be discussed in the context of a recently published study investigating the potential of PD-1 molecule expression (i.e. PD-1 on lymphocytes, PD-L1 on monocytes) to predict mortality in septic shock patients.
authors.affiliation: Hospices Civils de Lyon, Immunology Laboratory, Hôpital E. Herriot, 5, place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon, Cedex, 03, France. guillaume.monneret@chu-lyon.fr.|EA 7426 PI3 (Pathophysiology of Injury-induced Immunosuppression), Hospices Civils de Lyon/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/bioMérieux, Hôpital E. Herriot, 5, place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon, Cedex, 03, France. guillaume.monneret@chu-lyon.fr.
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Monneret
authors.affiliation: Hospices Civils de Lyon, Immunology Laboratory, Hôpital E. Herriot, 5, place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon, Cedex, 03, France.|EA 7426 PI3 (Pathophysiology of Injury-induced Immunosuppression), Hospices Civils de Lyon/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/bioMérieux, Hôpital E. Herriot, 5, place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon, Cedex, 03, France.
authors.forename: Morgane
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gossez
authors.affiliation: Hospices Civils de Lyon, Immunology Laboratory, Hôpital E. Herriot, 5, place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon, Cedex, 03, France.|EA 7426 PI3 (Pathophysiology of Injury-induced Immunosuppression), Hospices Civils de Lyon/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/bioMérieux, Hôpital E. Herriot, 5, place d'Arsonval, 69437, Lyon, Cedex, 03, France.
authors.forename: Fabienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Venet
mesh_terms: D060890:B7-H1 Antigen / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D018805:Sepsis / Q000276:immunology*; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D060890:B7-H1 Antigen