title: ASC contributes to metastasis of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: ASC (Apoptosis-associated Speck-like protein containing a CARD) acts as a platform protein in the inflammasome cascade of some cancer types. However, its potential involvement in OSCC (oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma) has not yet been determined. Here, we investigated the potential role of ASC in OSCC. RT-qPCR analysis of 20 paired tumor and adjacent normal tissue samples revealed that the mRNA levels of ASC, along with IL-1β, CASP1, and NLRP3 in ASC-associated NLRP3 inflammasome were significantly elevated in OSCC tissues. Immunohistochemical staining of these four proteins in 111 clinical specimens revealed that high-level expression of ASC was significantly associated with tumor stage, node stage (p=0.001), overall stage (p<0.001), extracapsular spread (p<0.001), perineural invasion (p=0.004) and tumor depth (p<0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis further revealed that high-level ASC expression was correlated with poorer overall survival (p=0.001), disease-specific survival (p<0.001) and disease-free survival (p<0.001). Studies using OSCC cell lines indicated that high-level ASC expression enhanced cell migration and invasion, and experiments using an orthotropic nude mouse model confirmed that ASC overexpression induced metastasis of OSCC cells. This is the first report to show that ASC contributes to OSCC metastasis, and that high-level ASC expression is a marker for poor prognosis in OSCC patients.
authors.affiliation: Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chi-Sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.|Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kai-Ping
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chun-Nan
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: OuYang
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Huang-Kai
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.affiliation: Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.|Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chuen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hsueh
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Lih-Chyang
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiao-Yun
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Willisa
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liou
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Lung
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.|Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.|Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Sun
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D053468:CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D011379:Prognosis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D053468:CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins; C402202:PYCARD protein, human
keywords: ASC; OSCC; metastasis