title: The Stress and Vascular Catastrophes in Newborn Rats: Mechanisms Preceding and Accompanying the Brain Hemorrhages.
abstract: In this study, we analyzed the time-depended scenario of stress response cascade preceding and accompanying brain hemorrhages in newborn rats using an interdisciplinary approach based on: a morphological analysis of brain tissues, coherent-domain optical technologies for visualization of the cerebral blood flow, monitoring of the cerebral oxygenation and the deformability of red blood cells (RBCs). Using a model of stress-induced brain hemorrhages (sound stress, 120 dB, 370 Hz), we studied changes in neonatal brain 2, 4, 6, 8 h after stress (the pre-hemorrhage, latent period) and 24 h after stress (the post-hemorrhage period). We found that latent period of brain hemorrhages is accompanied by gradual pathological changes in systemic, metabolic, and cellular levels of stress. The incidence of brain hemorrhages is characterized by a progression of these changes and the irreversible cell death in the brain areas involved in higher mental functions. These processes are realized via a time-depended reduction of cerebral venous blood flow and oxygenation that was accompanied by an increase in RBCs deformability. The significant depletion of the molecular layer of the prefrontal cortex and the pyramidal neurons, which are crucial for associative learning and attention, is developed as a consequence of homeostasis imbalance. Thus, stress-induced processes preceding and accompanying brain hemorrhages in neonatal period contribute to serious injuries of the brain blood circulation, cerebral metabolic activity and structural elements of cognitive function. These results are an informative platform for further studies of mechanisms underlying stress-induced brain hemorrhages during the first days of life that will improve the future generation's health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology of Human and Animals, Saratov State UniversitySaratov, Russia; Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China.
authors.forename: Oxana
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biophotonics, Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Ekaterina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Borisova
authors.affiliation: Medico-Biological Department, Russian National Research Medical University Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Maxim
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abakumov
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanotechnology, Saratov State University Saratov, Russia.
authors.forename: Dmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gorin
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biophotonics, Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Latchezar
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Avramov
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Saratov State University Saratov, Russia.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fedosov
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Saratov State University Saratov, Russia.
authors.forename: Anton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Namykin
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Saratov State University Saratov, Russia.
authors.forename: Arkady
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abdurashitov
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology of Human and Animals, Saratov State University Saratov, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Serov
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics, Saratov State Technical University Saratov, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pavlov
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology of Human and Animals, Saratov State University Saratov, Russia.
authors.forename: Ekaterina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zinchenko
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Saratov State University Saratov, Russia.
authors.forename: Vlad
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lychagov
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathological Anatomy, Saratov State Medical University Saratov, Russia.
authors.forename: Nikita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Navolokin
authors.affiliation: Saratov Research Center, Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS) Saratov, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shirokov
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathological Anatomy, Saratov State Medical University Saratov, Russia.
authors.forename: Galina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maslyakova
authors.affiliation: Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Qingming
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Medico-Biological Department, Russian National Research Medical University Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chekhonin
authors.affiliation: Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China; Department of Physics, Saratov State UniversitySaratov, Russia; Laboratory of Biophotonics, Science Department, Tomsk State UniversityTomsk, Russia.
authors.forename: Valery
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tuchin
authors.affiliation: Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan, China; Department of Physics, Humboldt UniversityBerlin, Germany; Research Domain Transdisciplinary Concepts and Methods, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact ResearchPotsdam, Germany.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kurths
keywords: cerebrovascular catastrophes; mechanisms; newborn rats; stress