title: Effect of experimental change in children's sleep duration on television viewing and physical activity.
abstract: Paediatric observational studies demonstrate associations between sleep, television viewing and potential changes in daytime activity levels.
  
  
  
  To determine whether experimental changes in sleep lead to changes in children's sedentary and physical activities.
  
  
  
  Using a within-subject counterbalanced design, 37 children 8-11 years old completed a 3-week study. Children slept their typical amount during a baseline week and were then randomized to increase or decrease mean time in bed by 1.5 h/night for 1 week; the alternate schedule was completed the final week. Children wore actigraphs on their non-dominant wrist and completed 3-d physical activity recalls each week.
  
  
  
  Children reported watching more television (p < 0.001) and demonstrated lower daytime actigraph-measured activity counts per epoch (p = 0.03) when sleep was decreased (compared with increased). However, total actigraph-measured activity counts accrued throughout the entire waking period were higher when sleep was decreased (and children were awake for longer) than when it was increased (p < 0.001).
  
  
  
  Short sleep during childhood may lead to increased television viewing and decreased mean activity levels. Although additional time awake may help to counteract negative effects of short sleep, increases in reported sedentary activities could contribute to weight gain over time.
authors.affiliation: Center for Obesity Research and Education, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA.
authors.forename: C N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.affiliation: Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale University, New Haven, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hawley
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Davey
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, USA.|Centre for Sleep Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carskadon
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Raynor
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, USA.|Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jelalian
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Owens
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Considine
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, USA.|Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, USA.
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Wing
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011998:Recreation; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D013690:Television; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Physical activity; sleep duration; television