title: Effect of Carbohydrates and Caffeine on Plasma Amino Acids, Neuroendocrine Responses and Performance in Tennis.
abstract: Effects of carbohydrate (CHO) and caffeine (CAF) in amounts typically found in sports-drinks on plasma metabolites, neuroendocrine responses and performance in tennis were investigated in 8 skilled players during a 4 h tennis match. In 3 trials players ingested a placebo (T I), a CAF (T II) or a CHO (T III) drink during court changeover. Total intake consisted of 2.81 of fluid, supplemented with 243 g CHO or with 364 mg CAF, respectively. Self-perceived "drive/motivation" and post-exercise hitting accuracy were evaluated. Plasma free fatty acids increments were lower after CHO while CAF administration had no effect. In all trials, plasma branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) concentrations decreased as a result of exercise; however, no differences were observed between trials. Plasma free tryptophan (TRP) to BCAA ratio was augmented in T I and T II while no change from basal level was found in T III. Plasma prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (HGH) concentrations after cessation of exercise were lower in T III compared with T I and T II. No main effect for treatment was found for plasma ACTH, COR and β-endorphin. Neither supplement affected number of won games. We conclude that CAF ingestion did not affect the plasma large neutral amino acids concentrations, neuroendocrine system responses or tennis performance. Lower plasma free TRP/BCAA ratio induced by CHO occurred concomitant with reduced plasma PRL and HGH concentrations, suggesting that the brain monoaminergic system might be affected if CHO-containing drinks are consumed during tennis match play. However, the data do not point towards an ergogenic value of reduced plasma free TRP/BCAA ratio.
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Sports Games, German Sport University , Carl-Diem-Weg 6, 50933 Cologne , Germany.
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Strüder
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Sports Games, German Sport University , Carl-Diem-Weg 6, 50933 Cologne , Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferrauti
authors.affiliation: b Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University , Carl-Diem-Weg 6, 50933 Cologne , Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gotzmann
authors.affiliation: a Institute of Sports Games, German Sport University , Carl-Diem-Weg 6, 50933 Cologne , Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.affiliation: c Institute of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, German Sport University , Carl-Diem-Weg 6, 50933 Cologne , Germany.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hollmann
keywords: Amino acids; Central fatigue; Exercise; Hormones; Serotonin