title: Bladder leiomyoma presenting as dyspareunia: Case report and literature review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Leiomyoma of the bladder is a rare tumor arising from the submucosa. Most patients with bladder leiomyoma may present with urinary frequency or obstructive urinary symptoms. However, there are a few cases of bladder leiomyoma coexisting with uterine leiomyoma presenting as dyspareunia. We herein report an unusual case of coexisting bladder leiomyoma and uterine leiomyoma presenting as dyspareunia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 44-year-old Asian female presented to urologist and complained that she had experienced dyspareunia over the preceding several months. A pelvic ultrasonography revealed a mass lesion located in the trigone of urinary bladder. The mass lesion was confirmed on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). The CT scan also revealed a lobulated and enlarged uterus consistent with uterine leiomyoma. Then, the biopsies were then taken with a transurethral resection (TUR) loop and these biopsies showed a benign proliferation of smooth muscle in a connective tissue stroma suggestive of bladder leiomyoma. An open local excision of bladder leiomyoma and hysteromyomectomy were performed successfully. Histological examination confirmed bladder leiomyoma coexisting with uterine leiomyoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case highlights a rare presentation of bladder leiomyoma, dyspareunia, as the chief symptom in a patient who had coexisting uterine leiomyoma. Bladder leiomyomas coexisting with uterine leiomyomas are rare and can present with a wide spectrum of complaints including without symptoms, irritative symptoms, obstructive symptoms, or even dyspareunia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang Province Department of Urology, The first hospital of Quanzhou affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Licheng District, Quanzhou, Fujian Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang Province Department of Abdominal Surgery, Ganzhou Tumor Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.forename: Hai-Ping
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Shao-Kun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Qing-Quan
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chu-Xiao
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Lie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Wen-Hui
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Lei
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery