title: The Relationship Between Mutuality, Filial Piety, and Depression in Family Caregivers in China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Caregiving to parent stroke survivors in China is increasing and adult child-parent relationships are being challenged. The purpose of this study was to explore whether mutuality and filial piety have a protective role against caregiver depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted with a nonproportional quota sample of 126 caregivers. Surveys were conducted at hospitals or in homes using structured questionnaires: the 15-item Mutuality Scale, the 4-item Filial Attitude Scale, the 9-item Filial Behavior Scale, and the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher mutuality and stronger filial attitudes were significantly associated with less caregiver depression after the covariates were controlled. Mutuality explained 5.5% ( p < .01) and filial attitude explained 4.6% ( p < .01) of the variance in caregiver depression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mutuality and filial attitude may be protective factors against caregiver depression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supportive strategies can be implemented to enhance mutuality and filial attitude.
authors.affiliation: 1 Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Yuqin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: 2 Loma Linda University School of Nursing, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Patricia S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: 2 Loma Linda University School of Nursing, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Betty W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Winslow
keywords: Chinese; caregiver; depression; filial piety; mutuality