title: YPEL3 suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
abstract: Metastasis remains the major cause of death in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Yippee-like 3 (YPEL3) plays an important role in tumorigenesis. However, its function and mechanism in NPC has not been systematically explored.
  
  
  
  We evaluated YPEL3 expression in NPC cell lines and tissues using real-time PCR and western blotting. Then, we established NPC cell lines that stably overexpressed YPEL3 and knocked down YPEL3 expression to explore its function in NPC in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, we investigated the potential mechanism of YPEL3 action by identifying the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway downstream genes using western blotting.
  
  
  
  YPEL3 was downregulated in NPC cell lines and tissue samples. Ectopic expression of YPEL3 inhibited NPC cell migration and invasion in vitro; while silencing of YPEL3 promoted NPC cell migration and invasion. Further study indicated that overexpression of YPEL3 inhibited NPC cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and that silencing it enhanced EMT. Overexpression of YPEL3 suppressed NPC cell lung metastasis in vivo. The mechanism study determined that YPEL3 suppressed the expression levels of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway downstream genes and the nuclear translocation of β-catenin.
  
  
  
  YPEL3 suppresses NPC EMT and metastasis by suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which would help better understanding the molecular mechanisms of NPC metastasis and provide novel therapeutic targets for NPC treatment.
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xian-Yue
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ying-Qin
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xin-Ran
authors.initials: XR
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ya-Qin
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qing-Mei
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Jing
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. liun1@sysucc.org.cn.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. majun2@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D015536:Down-Regulation; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway
chemical_list: D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C549565:YPEL3 protein, human
keywords: Epithelial–mesenchymal transition; Metastasis; Nasopharyngeal carcinoma; Wnt/β-catenin; YPEL3