title: CDH11 inhibits proliferation and invasion in head and neck cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In this study, we use a bioinformatics-based strategy to nominate a tumor suppressor gene cadherin-11 (CDH11) and investigate its role in growth and invasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the Oncomine™database to compare HNSCC and normal specimens, CDH11 was nominated as having a role in HNSCC. CDH11 expression in HNSCC was evaluated by immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray (TMA) and immunoblotting and immunofluorescence of cell lines. The functional impact of CDH11 on proliferation and invasion was evaluated after siRNA-mediated knockdown.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In silico analysis suggested that CDH11 is overexpressed in HNSCC compared to normal specimens. HNSCC TMA exhibited a small but significant increase in intensity and proportion of CDH11. By immunoblot analysis, CDH11 was higher in 4/7 HNSCC cell lines compared to normal keratinocytes; CDH11 was highly upregulated in UM-SCC-47 and UM-SCC-74A and detectable in UM-SCC-14A and UM-SCC-29 cell lines. Downregulation of CDH11 in both UM-SCC-29 and UM-SCC-47 using two different siRNAs enhanced proliferation and invasion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CDH11 inhibits cell proliferation and invasion of HNSCC. This suggests that CDH11 functions as a tumor suppressor gene in head and neck cancer. Our findings emphasize the importance of verifying in silico findings with functional studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.|Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
authors.forename: Songlin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Piao
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Ronald C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Inglehart
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Christina Springstead
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Scanlon
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Nickole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Rajat
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.|Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Nisha J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: D'Silva
mesh_terms: D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology*; D019295:Computational Biology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D066264:Datasets as Topic; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D000077195:Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; C086960:osteoblast cadherin
keywords: CDH11; meta-analysis; squamous cell carcinoma