title: Association between Pollen Risk Indexes, Air Pollutants, and Allergic Diseases in Korea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study, different from the past researches, has been conducted in all age groups to understand the association between air pollutants, pollen risk indexes, and outpatients with allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma, and atopic dermatitis (AD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on air pollutants, pollen risk indexes, and outpatients with each disease were collected from 2003 through 2011 to verify the association between them. All data are time-series materials that have been observed by time (day) and region, and are in a nonlinear shape. In particular, the total number of outpatients per day is a count data that had a Poisson distribution as the response variable. SAS 9.3 was used to make a statistical model, generalized additive model, with lag effects for the analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For allergic diseases during spring (April-May) and fall (September-October), a significant association was shown between the variables of air pollutants, pollens, and the number of outpatients. Especially, the estimates of NO2 [AR (43.00967 ± 0.11284), asthma (52.01837 ± 0.06452), AD (52.01837 ± 0.06452), p < 0.001] in spring and SO2 [AR (43.00967 ± 0.11284), asthma (52.01837 ± 0.06452), AD (52.01837 ± 0.06452), p < 0.001] in fall were highly significant and showed a positive association with all diseases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Domestically and even internationally, various studies on the allergic diseases are being conducted. However, not many studies related to similar studies. In the need of creating grounds to back up these efforts, additional studies on allergic diseases, as well as researches utilizing pollen data, air pollution data, and claims data provided by the Health Insurance Corporation that has no problem in the representativeness of the data that have close relationships to the allergic disease will be needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea.
authors.forename: Hoseob
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea.
authors.forename: Yoonhyung
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Ewha Institute of convergence Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Korea.
authors.forename: Kwanjun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea.
authors.forename: Byoungin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yoo
keywords: air pollutants; allergic disease; generalized additive model (GAM); pollen risk index