title: MTA apical barrier: In vitro study of the use of ultrasonic vibration.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The apexification is the first alternative treatment on a permanent tooth when, after a tooth trauma and in the presence of immature apex trauma, pulp necrosis occurs. Many studies have demonstrated the efficacy of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as apical sealing material of choice in these cases, but has a degree of filtration as all other materials. The objective of this study was to analyze the seal ability of MTA on the duct walls in immature teeth unirradicular apexes, using indirect vibration.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted on 45 teeth divided into 3 groups: Group A or control group in which no vibration for placing the MTA was used, Group B and C or groups where indirect vibration analysis was used. All samples were immersed in methylene blue to assess filtration. After performing longitudinal cuts millimetric measuring were made of the degree of filtration, divided into 3 degrees (2mm each grade filtration).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results obtained confirm our hypothesis, obtaining lesser degree of filtration those groups in which indirect vibration (Groups B and C) was performed. It was shown that the degree of filtration is closely linked to the degree of adaptation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MTA vibration offers better results in its adaptation to the canal walls, significantly reducing the degree of filtration.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Apexification, MTA, filtration, indirect vibration.
authors.affiliation: Associate professor. Faculty of Health Sciences. Department of Dentistry. European University of Valencia. Spain.
authors.forename: Begona
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Escribano-Escrivá
authors.affiliation: Titular professor. Faculty of Health Sciences. Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry. European University of Valencia. Spain.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Micó-Muñoz
authors.affiliation: Associate professor. Faculty of Health Sciences. Department of Dentistry. European University of Valencia. Spain.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manzano-Saiz
authors.affiliation: Associate professor. Faculty of Health Sciences. Department of Dentistry. European University of Valencia. Spain.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Giner-Lluesma
authors.affiliation: Associate professor. Faculty of Health Sciences. Department of Dentistry. European University of Valencia. Spain.
authors.forename: Nicolás
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Collado-Castellanos
authors.affiliation: Associate professor. Faculty of Health Sciences. Department of Dentistry. European University of Valencia. Spain.
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muwaquet-Rodríguez