title: Interactions between Callous Unemotional Behaviors and Executive Function in Early Childhood Predict later Aggression and Lower Peer-liking in Late-childhood.
abstract: Callous unemotional (CU) behaviors are linked to aggression, behavior problems, and difficulties in peer relationships in children and adolescents. However, few studies have examined whether early childhood CU behaviors predict aggression or peer-rejection during late-childhood or potential moderation of this relationship by executive function. The current study examined whether the interaction of CU behaviors and executive function in early childhood predicted different forms of aggression in late-childhood, including proactive, reactive, and relational aggression, as well as how much children were liked by their peers. Data from cross-informant reports and multiple observational tasks were collected from a high-risk sample (N = 240; female = 118) at ages 3 and 10 years old. Parent reports of CU behaviors at age 3 predicted teacher reports of reactive, proactive, and relational aggression, as well as lower peer-liking at age 10. Moderation analysis showed that specifically at high levels of CU behaviors and low levels of observed executive function, children were reported by teachers as showing greater reactive and proactive aggression, and were less-liked by peers. Findings demonstrate that early childhood CU behaviors and executive function have unique main and interactive effects on both later aggression and lower peer-liking even when taking into account stability in behavior problems over time. By elucidating how CU behaviors and deficits in executive function potentiate each other during early childhood, we can better characterize the emergence of severe and persistent behavior and interpersonal difficulties across development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 530 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5069-1183
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Waller
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 530 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. lukehyde@umich.edu.|Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. lukehyde@umich.edu.|Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. lukehyde@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Luke W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Hyde
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: Arielle R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Baskin-Sommers
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 530 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.|Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.|Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Sheryl L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Olson
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019955:Conduct Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D010379:Peer Group
keywords: Antisocial behavior; Callous unemotional; Conduct problems; Executive function; Prevention