title: Visual Screening and Colorimetric Determination of Clenbuterol and Ractopamine Using Unmodified Gold Nanoparticles as Probe.
abstract: In this paper, a sensitive method for the colorimetric detection of clenbuterol and ractopamine using citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as probe was developed. The concentration of clenbuterol and ractopamine could be determined with naked eyes or a UV-vis spectrometer. By optimizing the influence of NaHSO₄ and incubation time, clenbuterol could be detected in the linear range of 0.1-4 µg/mL with the detection limit of 0.0158 µg/mL, and ractopamine could be detected in the linear range of 1-9 µg/mL with the detection limit of 0.0229 µg/mL. The proposed method could be successfully applied to detect clenbuterol and ractopamine in pig urines by a simple pre-treatment with excellent recoveries. The proposed colorimetric assay exhibits good reproducibility and accuracy, providing a simple and rapid method for the analysis of clenbuterol and ractopamine.
authors.forename: Yeli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jiajia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Hanting
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jingyue
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Chunyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D002976:Clenbuterol / Q000032:analysis*; D003124:Colorimetry / Q000379:methods; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010627:Phenethylamines / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D010627:Phenethylamines; C060897:ractopamine; D006046:Gold; D002976:Clenbuterol