title: Comparative genomic analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae KP617 and PittNDM01, NUHL24835, and ATCC BAA-2146 reveals unique evolutionary history of this strain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae KP617 is a pathogenic strain that coproduces OXA-232 and NDM-1 carbapenemases. We sequenced the genome of KP617, which was isolated from the wound of a Korean burn patient, and performed a comparative genomic analysis with three additional strains: PittNDM01, NUHL24835 and ATCC BAA-2146.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The complete genome of KP617 was obtained via multi-platform whole-genome sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis along with whole genome and multi-locus sequence typing of genes of the Klebsiella pneumoniae species showed that KP617 belongs to the WGLW2 group, which includes PittNDM01 and NUHL24835. Comparison of annotated genes showed that KP617 shares 98.3 % of its genes with PittNDM01. Nineteen antibiotic resistance genes were identified in the KP617 genome: bla OXA-1 and bla SHV-28 in the chromosome, bla NDM-1 in plasmid 1, and bla OXA-232 in plasmid 2 conferred resistance to beta-lactams; however, colistin- and tetracycline-resistance genes were not found. We identified 117 virulence factors in the KP617 genome, and discovered that the genes encoding these factors were also harbored by the reference strains; eight genes were lipopolysaccharide-related and four were capsular polysaccharide-related. A comparative analysis of phage-associated regions indicated that two phage regions are specific to the KP617 genome and that prophages did not act as a vehicle for transfer of antimicrobial resistance genes in this strain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis revealed similarity in the genome sequences and content, and differences in phage-related genes, plasmids and antimicrobial resistance genes between KP617 and the references. In order to elucidate the precise role of these factors in the pathogenicity of KP617, further studies are required.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Taesoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Division of Antimicrobial Resistance, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, 363-951 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Hee
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Division of Biosafety Evaluation and Control, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, 363-951 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sanghyun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Biosafety Evaluation and Control, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, 363-951 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mi-Ran
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Won
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Biosafety Evaluation and Control, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, 363-951 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dae-Won
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Carbapenemases; Klebsiella pneumoniae; NDM-1; OXA-232