title: Concord and Niagara Grape Juice and Their Phenolics Modify Intestinal Glucose Transport in a Coupled in Vitro Digestion/Caco-2 Human Intestinal Model.
abstract: While the potential of dietary phenolics to mitigate glycemic response has been proposed, the translation of these effects to phenolic rich foods such as 100% grape juice (GJ) remains unclear. Initial in vitro screening of GJ phenolic extracts from American grape varieties (V. labrusca; Niagara and Concord) suggested limited inhibitory capacity for amylase and α-glucosidase (6.2%-11.5% inhibition; p < 0.05). Separately, all GJ extracts (10-100 µM total phenolics) did reduce intestinal trans-epithelial transport of deuterated glucose (d7-glu) and fructose (d7-fru) by Caco-2 monolayers in a dose-dependent fashion, with 60 min d7-glu/d7-fru transport reduced 10%-38% by GJ extracts compared to control. To expand on these findings by assessing the ability of 100% GJ to modify starch digestion and glucose transport from a model starch-rich meal, 100% Niagara and Concord GJ samples were combined with a starch rich model meal (1:1 and 1:2 wt:wt) and glucose release and transport were assessed in a coupled in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell model. Digestive release of glucose from the starch model meal was decreased when digested in the presence of GJs (5.9%-15% relative to sugar matched control). Furthermore, transport of d7-glu was reduced 10%-38% by digesta containing bioaccessible phenolics from Concord and Niagara GJ compared to control. These data suggest that phenolics present in 100% GJ may alter absorption of monosaccharides naturally present in 100% GJ and may potentially alter glycemic response if consumed with a starch rich meal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. moser6@purdue.edu.
authors.forename: Sydney
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moser
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. lim175@purdue.edu.
authors.forename: Jongbin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. mchegeni@purdue.edu.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chegeni
authors.affiliation: Welch Foods Inc., Concord, MA 01742, USA. jwightman@welchs.com.
authors.forename: JoLynne D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Wightman
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. mferruzz@purdue.edu.|Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. mferruzz@purdue.edu.
authors.forename: Bruce R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Hamaker
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. mferruzz@purdue.edu.|Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. mferruzz@purdue.edu.
authors.forename: Mario G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Ferruzzi
mesh_terms: D000681:Amylases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005632:Fructose / Q000378:metabolism; D000067030:Fruit and Vegetable Juices / Q000032:analysis*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D005632:Fructose; D013213:Starch; D000681:Amylases; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases; D005947:Glucose
keywords: anthocyanins; carbohydrate digestion; glucose transport; grape juice