title: Waste electrical and electronic equipment management and Basel Convention compliance in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) nations.
abstract: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) nations account for one-quarter of the world's land area, having more than 40% of the world's population, and only one-quarter of the world gross national income. Hence the study and review of waste electrical and electronic equipment management systems in BRICS nations is of relevance. It has been observed from the literature that there are studies available comparing two or three country's waste electrical and electronic equipment status, while the study encompassing the BRICS nations considering in a single framework is scant. The purpose of this study is to analyse the existing waste electrical and electronic equipment management systems and status of compliance to Basel convention in the BRICS nations, noting possible lessons from matured systems, such as those in the European Union EU) and USA. The study introduced a novel framework for a waste electrical and electronic equipment management system that may be adopted in BRICS nations and revealed that BRICS countries have many similar types of challenges. The study also identified some significant gaps with respect to the management systems and trans-boundary movement of waste electrical and electronic equipment, which may attract researchers for further research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Sadhan Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Biswajit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Debnath
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India rahulbaidya.ju@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Rahul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baidya
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Debashree
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De
authors.affiliation: BCRCAP, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jinhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil Engineering, University of Colorado, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Sannidhya Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: Basel Convention Regional Centre for Asia and the Pacific, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Lixia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Abhishek Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Awasthi
authors.affiliation: Department of City Management, Saint-Petersburg State University of Economic, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Liubarskaia
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Sciences, University of Venda, Venda, South Africa.
authors.forename: Jason S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ogola
authors.affiliation: Innovarelab Pesquisa e Consultoria, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: André Neiva
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Tavares
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil; D002681:China; D004581:Electronics; D007194:India; D059027:Recycling; D012426:Russia; D013019:South Africa; D018505:Waste Management
keywords: BRICS nations; Basel Convention; Waste electrical and electronic equipment management; recycling; supply chain; trans-boundary movement