title: Danger Signals and Inflammasomes: Stress-Evoked Sterile Inflammation in Mood Disorders.
abstract: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and other mood disorders remain difficult to effectively treat, and innovative interventions and therapeutic targets are needed. Psychological stressors and inappropriate inflammation increase the risk and severity of mood disorders; however, only recently have the importance of sterile inflammatory processes in this effect been revealed. This review will introduce the reader to pathogen vs sterile inflammation, inflammatory receptor-ligand interactions, microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and the more recent discovery of the role of the inflammasome in peripheral and central nervous system cytokine/chemokine inflammatory responses. The review will focus on current preclinical and clinical evidence that sterile inflammation and inflammasome-dependent signaling may contribute to mood disorders. By understanding these inflammatory signaling processes, new approaches for quieting chronic or inappropriate inflammatory states may be revealed and this could serve as novel pharmacological targets for the treatment of mood disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.|Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fleshner
authors.affiliation: Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.|Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8613-6897
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.affiliation: Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.|Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Steven F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Maier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D058847:Inflammasomes / Q000276:immunology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology*; D017628:Microglia / Q000276:immunology*; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D058847:Inflammasomes