title: Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in Newly Diagnosed Adult Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treated with Conventional Chemotherapy.
abstract: Twenty consecutive adult patients with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were treated with conventional therapy consisting of daunorubicin, vincristine, prednisone and L-asparaginase in standard doses. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was administered at a single subcutaneous daily dose of 5 microgram per kilogram body weight for fourteen days starting on day 7 of chemotherapy. Twenty two adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and similar risk characteristics who received the same chemotherapeutic regimen without GM-CSF served as a historical control group. The complete remission rate and the rate of early mortality were similar in both groups of patients. Patients treated with GM-CSF showed significantly faster neutrophil recovery above 0.5 × 10(9)/L than the control patients (P < 0.005). The incidence of febrile episodes and the rate of documented infection were similar in the two groups of patients.
authors.affiliation: a From the Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology/Oncology & Division of Infectious Diseases).|b From the Department of Pathology (Section of Hematopathology) , College of Medicine & King Khalid University Hospital , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Harakati
authors.affiliation: a From the Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology/Oncology & Division of Infectious Diseases).|b From the Department of Pathology (Section of Hematopathology) , College of Medicine & King Khalid University Hospital , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Momen
authors.affiliation: a From the Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology/Oncology & Division of Infectious Diseases).|b From the Department of Pathology (Section of Hematopathology) , College of Medicine & King Khalid University Hospital , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Ajarim
authors.affiliation: a From the Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology/Oncology & Division of Infectious Diseases).|b From the Department of Pathology (Section of Hematopathology) , College of Medicine & King Khalid University Hospital , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: F I
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Al-Mohareb
authors.affiliation: a From the Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology/Oncology & Division of Infectious Diseases).|b From the Department of Pathology (Section of Hematopathology) , College of Medicine & King Khalid University Hospital , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Diab
authors.affiliation: a From the Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology/Oncology & Division of Infectious Diseases).|b From the Department of Pathology (Section of Hematopathology) , College of Medicine & King Khalid University Hospital , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aleem
authors.affiliation: a From the Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology/Oncology & Division of Infectious Diseases).|b From the Department of Pathology (Section of Hematopathology) , College of Medicine & King Khalid University Hospital , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Fawzy
authors.affiliation: a From the Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology/Oncology & Division of Infectious Diseases).|b From the Department of Pathology (Section of Hematopathology) , College of Medicine & King Khalid University Hospital , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Al-Anazi
authors.affiliation: a From the Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology/Oncology & Division of Infectious Diseases).|b From the Department of Pathology (Section of Hematopathology) , College of Medicine & King Khalid University Hospital , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Al-Gwaiz
keywords: GM-CSF; acute lymphatic leukemia; treatment