title: Effect of rapid cryopreservation on meiotic recombination in human spermatocytes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety of rapid cryopreservation for human testicular tissues by comparing the meiotic recombination in the fresh and thawed testis after rapid freezing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve male patients with prostate cancer (PC) who had given birth to healthy children at youth and need to receive surgical removal of testicular tissue at present were selected in this study. Testicular tissues from 4 cases of PC patients were randomly divided into two parts, one part as fresh tissue and the other to receive rapid freezing treatment. Fidelity analysis for homologous genetic recombination and synapsis were performed by immunofluorescence after prepared by a micro-spreading technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average number of MLH1 foci per cell, autosomal synaptonemal complex (SC) containing 0∼5 MLH1 foci and percent of cells with one MLH1 focus on XY chromosome showed no difference between the fresh and frozen thawed testicular tissues from the same case (P >0.05). And, no significant difference in the frequency of gaps and splits on SCs was observed in fresh and thawed spermatocytes (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rapid cryopreservation showed little effect on the frequency of meiotic recombination and fidelity of synapsis in human spermatocytes from PC patients, and acted as an effective method for preserving male fertility.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhenzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wenyan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhenzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.|Reproductive Department, the Women&infants Hospital of Zhenzhou, Zhenzhou, 450000, Henan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wanli
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhenzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qinglin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhenzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.|Reproductive Department, the Women&infants Hospital of Zhenzhou, Zhenzhou, 450000, Henan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xuegai
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhenzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Haixia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhenzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Guidong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhenzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhaofeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhenzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Senlin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhenzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hongyi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhenzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China. syp2008@vip.sina.com.
authors.forename: Yingpu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D015925:Cryopreservation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008540:Meiosis / Q000502:physiology*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D011467:Prostate / Q000601:surgery; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D013090:Spermatocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D013573:Synaptonemal Complex; D013737:Testis / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery
keywords: cryopreservation; genetic recombination; meiosis; synaptonemal complex