title: Transcriptomics: A Step behind the Comprehension of the Polygenic Influence on Oxidative Stress, Immune Deregulation, and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease.
abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasing and global health problem with a great economic burden for healthcare system. Therefore to slow down the progression of this condition is a main objective in nephrology. It has been extensively reported that microinflammation, immune system deregulation, and oxidative stress contribute to CKD progression. Additionally, dialysis worsens this clinical condition because of the contact of blood with bioincompatible dialytic devices. Numerous studies have shown the close link between immune system impairment and CKD but most have been performed using classical biomolecular strategies. These methodologies are limited in their ability to discover new elements and enable measuring the simultaneous influence of multiple factors. The "omics" techniques could overcome these gaps. For example, transcriptomics has revealed that mitochondria and inflammasome have a role in pathogenesis of CKD and are pivotal elements in the cellular alterations leading to systemic complications. We believe that a larger employment of this technique, together with other "omics" methodologies, could help clinicians to obtain new pathogenetic insights, novel diagnostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. Finally, transcriptomics could allow clinicians to personalize therapeutic strategies according to individual genetic background (nutrigenomic and pharmacogenomic). In this review, we analyzed the available transcriptomic studies involving CKD patients.
authors.affiliation: Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3740-7598
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Granata
authors.affiliation: Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7701-7204
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dalla Gassa
authors.affiliation: Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7932-3205
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bellin
authors.affiliation: Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0009-9771
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lupo
authors.affiliation: Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianluigi
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6004-6196
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zaza
mesh_terms: D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D055261:Immunogenetic Phenomena / Q000235:genetics; D028361:Mitochondrial Diseases; D008957:Models, Genetic; D018448:Models, Immunological; D020412:Multifactorial Inheritance / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000276:immunology; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species