title: Newly Diagnosed Anemia Increases Risk of Parkinson's disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study.
abstract: Anemia and low hemoglobin have been identified to increase Parkinson's disease (PD) risk. This population-based cohort study investigated PD risk in newly diagnosed anemic patients by using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. All newly diagnosed anemic patients (n = 86,334) without a history of stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, traumatic brain injury, major operations, or blood loss diseases were enrolled. A cohort of nonanemic controls, 1:1 matched with anemic patients on the basis of the demographics and pre-existing medical conditions, was also included. Competing risk analysis was used to evaluate PD risk in anemic patients compared with that in their matched controls. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of PD risk in the anemic patients was 1.36 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22-1.52, p < 0.001). Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) patients tended to exhibit a higher PD risk (aHR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.24-1.79, p < 0.001). Furthermore, Iron supplement did not significantly affect the PD risk: the aHRs for PD risk were 1.32 (95% CI: 1.07-1.63, p < 0.01) and 1.86 (95% CI: 1.46-2.35, p < 0.001) in IDA patients with and without iron supplementation, respectively. The population-based cohort study indicated newly diagnosed anemia increases PD risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.|Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chien Tai
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.|Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yao Hsien
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hung Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hung-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chiou
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.|Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Lung
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.affiliation: School of Health Care Administration, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Li-Nien
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Chien
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000150:complications*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009313:National Health Programs; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000209:etiology*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012107:Research Design; D012307:Risk Factors; D013624:Taiwan