title: Effect of plant resistance and BioAct WG (Purpureocillium lilacinum strain 251) on Meloidogyne incognita in a tomato-cucumber rotation in a greenhouse.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effectiveness of combining resistant tomato with BioAct WG (Purpureocillium lilacinum strain 251, Pl251) against Meloidogyne incognita was assessed in a tomato-cucumber rotation in a greenhouse over 2 years. Additionally, the enzymatic activity of the fungus, the percentage of fungal egg and juvenile parasitism, cardinal temperatures and the effect of water potential on mycelial growth and the soil receptivity to Pl251 were determined in vitro.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plant resistance was the only factor that suppressed nematode and crop yield losses. Percentage of egg parasitism in plots treated with BioAct WG was less than 2.6%. However, under in vitro conditions, Pl251 showed protease, lipase and chitinase activities and parasitised 94.5% of eggs, but no juveniles. Cardinal temperatures were 14.2, 24-26 and 35.4 °C. The maximum Pl251 mycelial growth was at -0.25 MPa and 25 °C. Soil temperatures and water potential in the greenhouse were in the range of the fungus. However, soil receptivity was lower in greenhouse soil, irrespective of sterilisation, than in sterilised sand.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plant resistance was the only factor able to suppress nematode densities, disease severity and yield losses, and to protect the following cucumber crop. Environmental factors involved in soil receptivity could have negatively affected fungus effectiveness. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Departament d'Enginyeria Agroalimentària i Biotecnologia, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ariadna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giné
authors.affiliation: Departament d'Enginyeria Agroalimentària i Biotecnologia, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Sorribas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018553:Cucumis sativus / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D060467:Disease Resistance; D004780:Environment, Controlled; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D006999:Hypocreales / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D025282:Mycelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000469:parasitology; D012399:Rotation; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013696:Temperature; D014431:Tylenchoidea / Q000502:physiology*; D014867:Water / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D014867:Water
keywords: Cucumis sativus; Solanum lycopersicum; biological control; double-cropping system; integrated management; root-knot nematodes