title: Effects of low-density lipoproteins as additive on quality parameters and oxidative stress following cryopreservation of mithun (Bos frontalis) spermatozoa.
abstract: Artificial breeding of mithun poses several challenges including lack of standard protocol for cryopreservation of spermatozoa. This is further complicated by harmful effects of hen's egg yolk (EY) as additive in extender. Purified low-density lipoproteins (LDL) extracted from EY have been shown as beneficial over EY extender for long-term semen storage in several species. This investigation explored use of LDL versus EY on semen quality and oxidative stress following freezing-thawing of spermatozoa. A total of 25 of 50 ejaculates based on biophysical parameters were selected for the experiment. After diluting with the Tris-citrate-glycerol (TCG) extender, each sample was split into three equal aliquots: Group I, control, EY; Group II and Group III contained 8% and 10% purified LDL, respectively. Frozen-thawed samples were evaluated for motility parameters (progressive, and in the bovine cervical mucus penetration test [BCMPT]), viability, sperm and nuclear abnormality, acrosome integrity, and enzymatic (leakage of intracellular contents) and biochemical (oxidative stress) profiles and in vitro fertility (IVF) assay. Study revealed a significant (p < .05) improvement in viability, sperm and nuclear abnormality, acrosome integrity, motility (progressive and in cervical mucus), cholesterol content, and reduction in the leakage of intracellular enzymes in Group II. Moreover, intactness of acrosome and biochemical membranes was protected significantly (p < .05) in addition to significant (p < .05) improvement in binding per cent and binding index in IVF assay in extender containing 8% LDL. These results demonstrate that although cryopreservation of mithun's spermatozoa in EY was comparable with other species, addition of 8% LDL holds a clear advantage over EY or 10% LDL.
authors.affiliation: Animal Reproduction Laboratory, ICAR-NRC on Mithun, Jharnapani, Nagaland, India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perumal
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.affiliation: Division of Physiology, NRC on Mithun, ICAR, Jharnapani, Nagaland, India.
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Baruah
authors.affiliation: Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bag
authors.affiliation: Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India.
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Rajoria
authors.affiliation: Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: ICAR-NRC on Mithun, Jharnapani, Nagaland, India.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rajkhowa
authors.affiliation: Semen Freezing Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pande
authors.affiliation: Semen Freezing Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India. sangnee15@gmail.com, sangnee15@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Srivastava
mesh_terms: D020101:Acrosome Reaction; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000662:veterinary*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D055101:Semen Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D012662:Semen Preservation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL