title: Multiple defocused coherent diffraction imaging: method for simultaneously reconstructing objects and probe using X-ray free-electron lasers.
abstract: The sample size must be less than the diffraction-limited focal spot size of the incident beam in single-shot coherent X-ray diffraction imaging (CXDI) based on a diffract-before-destruction scheme using X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs). This is currently a major limitation preventing its wider applications. We here propose multiple defocused CXDI, in which isolated objects are sequentially illuminated with a divergent beam larger than the objects and the coherent diffraction pattern of each object is recorded. This method can simultaneously reconstruct both objects and a probe from the coherent X-ray diffraction patterns without any a priori knowledge. We performed a computer simulation of the prposed method and then successfully demonstrated it in a proof-of-principle experiment at SPring-8. The prposed method allows us to not only observe broad samples but also characterize focused XFEL beams.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimomura
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Burdet
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi