title: Allergen-Experienced Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Acquire Memory-like Properties and Enhance Allergic Lung Inflammation.
abstract: Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in the lung are stimulated by inhaled allergens. ILC2s do not directly recognize allergens but they are stimulated by cytokines including interleukin (IL)-33 released by damaged epithelium. In response to allergens, lung ILC2s produce T helper 2 cell type cytokines inducing T cell-independent allergic lung inflammation. Here we examined the fate of lung ILC2s upon allergen challenges. ILC2s proliferated and secreted cytokines upon initial stimulation with allergen or IL-33, and this phase was followed by a contraction phase as cytokine production ceased. Some ILC2s persisted long after the resolution of the inflammation as allergen-experienced ILC2s and responded to unrelated allergens more potently than naive ILC2s, mediating severe allergic inflammation. The allergen-experienced ILC2s exhibited a gene expression profile similar to that of memory T cells. The memory-like properties of allergen-experienced ILC2s may explain why asthma patients are often sensitized to multiple allergens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada; Terry Fox Laboratory British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.
authors.forename: Itziar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Martinez-Gonzalez
authors.affiliation: Terry Fox Laboratory British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mathä
authors.affiliation: Terry Fox Laboratory British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.
authors.forename: Catherine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Steer
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada; Terry Fox Laboratory British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghaedi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada; Terry Fox Laboratory British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.
authors.forename: Grace F T
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Poon
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada; Terry Fox Laboratory British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada. Electronic address: ftakei@bccrc.ca.
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Takei
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D000067596:Interleukin-33 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000276:immunology*; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000276:immunology*; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D016207:Cytokines; C506535:Il33 protein, mouse; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D000067596:Interleukin-33