title: Disrupted topological organization of structural and functional brain connectomes in clinically isolated syndrome and multiple sclerosis.
abstract: The brain connectome of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been investigated by several previous studies; however, it is still unknown how the network changes in clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), the earliest stage of MS, and how network alterations on a functional level relate to the structural level in MS disease. Here, we investigated the topological alterations of both the structural and functional connectomes in 41 CIS and 32 MS patients, compared to 35 healthy controls, by combining diffusion tensor imaging and resting-state functional MRI with graph analysis approaches. We found that the structural connectome showed a deviation from the optimal pattern as early as the CIS stage, while the functional connectome only showed local changes in MS patients, not in CIS. When comparing two patient groups, the changes appear more severe in MS. Importantly, the disruptions of structural and functional connectomes in patients occurred in the same direction and locally correlated in sensorimotor component. Finally, the extent of structural network changes was correlated with several clinical variables in MS patients. Together, the results suggested early disruption of the structural brain connectome in CIS patients and provided a new perspective for investigating the relationship of the structural and functional alterations in MS.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.|Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ni
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yunyun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.|Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Mingrui
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1007 MB, The Netherlands.|Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1007 MB, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Menno M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Schoonheim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zhuoqiong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Huiqing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Fu-Dong
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1007 MB, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Frederik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barkhof
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Kuncheng
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P. R. China.|Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1007 MB, The Netherlands.|Department of Neurology and Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yaou
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000503:physiopathology; D063132:Connectome; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000503:physiopathology*