title: The HCV care continuum among people who use drugs: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: The diagnosis, management, and treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (the "HCV care continuum") have improved in recent years. People who use drugs (PWUD) have a prevalence of HCV infection from 30 to 70 %, yet rates of testing, engagement in care, and treatment for HCV are disproportionately low compared to other populations. Delineating the progression of PWUD through the steps in the HCV care continuum in the USA is important in informing efforts to improve HCV outcomes among PWUD.
  
  
  
  Scientific databases will be searched using a comprehensive automated search strategy; gray literature and reference lists will be manually searched. Eligible reports will provide original research data related to the HCV care continuum in the USA including proportions of PWUD engaging in the following discrete steps: screening/testing, engagement in care (including receiving an HCV clinical assessment), treatment initiation and completion, and rates of those with successful HCV treatment. A quality-rating tool will be developed to ascertain the level of bias (including selection bias) in each report, and a quality score will be assigned to each eligible report. A tool adapted from the Pragmatic Explanatory Continuum Indicator Summary-2 instrument will be developed to assess the extent to which an included report reflects an effectiveness or efficacy study design. Pooled estimates and measures of association will be calculated using random effects models, and heterogeneity will be assessed at each stage of data synthesis.
  
  
  
  Through this review, we hope to quantify the proportion of PWUD at each progressive step and to help identify key individual, social, and structural points of leakage in the HCV care continuum for PWUD. In meeting these objectives, we will identify predictors to progress along the HCV care continuum, which can be used to inform policy to directly improve HCV care for PWUD.
  
  
  
  PROSPERO CRD42016034113.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, New York University, 422 First Avenue, New York, NY, 10010, USA. jennifer.reed@nyu.edu.
authors.forename: Jennifer R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, New York University, 422 First Avenue, New York, NY, 10010, USA.|Center for Drug Use and HIV Research, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Ashly E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Jordan
authors.affiliation: Center for Drug Use and HIV Research, New York, NY, USA.|Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Perlman
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, New York University, 422 First Avenue, New York, NY, 10010, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, New York University, 422 First Avenue, New York, NY, 10010, USA.|Center for Drug Use and HIV Research, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Holly
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hagan
mesh_terms: D003266:Continuity of Patient Care; D055030:Drug Users; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D016174:Hepacivirus; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D012107:Research Design; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D000078202:Systematic Reviews as Topic; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic
keywords: Healthcare access; Hepatitis c; Hepatitis c care continuum; Meta-analysis; People who use drugs; Systematic review