title: Early developmental stages of Ascaris lumbricoides featured by high-resolution mass spectrometry.
abstract: Ascaris lumbricoides is responsible for a highly disseminated helminth parasitic disease, ascariosis, a relevant parasitosis that responds for great financial burden on the public health system of developing countries. In this work, metabolic fingerprinting using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) was employed to identify marker molecules from A. lumbricoides in different development stages. We have identified nine biomarkers, such as pheromones and steroidal prohormones in early stages, among other molecules in late development stages, making up four molecules for fertilized eggs, four marker molecules for first larvae (L1) and one marker molecule for third larvae (L3). Therefore, our findings indicate that this approach is suitable for biochemical characterization of A. lumbricoides development stages. Moreover, the straightforward analytical method employed, with almost no sample preparation from a complex matrix (feces) using high-resolution mass spectrometry, suggests that it is possible to seek for an easier and faster way to study animal molding processes.
authors.affiliation: Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Fernando Odir Rodrigues
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Melo
authors.affiliation: Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cibele Zanardi
authors.initials: CZ
authors.lastname: Esteves
authors.affiliation: Biology Institute, Animal Biology Department, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rosimeire Nunes
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tatiane Melina
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Guerreiro
authors.affiliation: Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Diogo Noin
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Estela de Oliveira
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, State University of Ponta Grossa- UEPG, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Júlio César
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Miné
authors.affiliation: Biology Institute, Animal Biology Department, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. sallegre@unicamp.br.
authors.forename: Silmara Marques
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Allegretti
authors.affiliation: Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. rrc@fcm.unicamp.br.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Ramos
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Catharino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001196:Ascariasis / Q000469:parasitology*; D017164:Ascaris lumbricoides / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007814:Larva; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D055432:Metabolomics
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Ascaris lumbricoides; Mass spectrometry; Metabolomics