title: Whole-body aerosol exposure of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) induced hepatic changes in CD-1 male mice.
abstract: Cadmium (Cd) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) are two prevalent contaminants in e-waste recycling facilities. However, the potential adversely health effect of co-exposure to these two types of pollutants in an occupational setting is unknown. In this study, we investigated co-exposure of these two pollutants on hepatic toxicity in CD-1 male mice through a whole-body aerosol inhalation route. Specifically, mice were exposed to solvent control (5% DMSO), Cd (8μg/m(3)), TBBPA (16μg/m(3)) and Cd/TBBPA mixture for 8h/day and 6days a week for 60 days. Hepatic changes include increased organ weight, focal necrosis, and elevated levels of liver enzymes in serum. These changes were most severe in mice exposed to TBBPA, followed by Cd/TBBPA mixture and Cd. These chemicals also led to suppressed antioxidant defensive mechanisms and increased oxidative stress. Further, these chemicals induced gene expression of apoptosis-related genes, activated genes encoding for phase I detoxification enzymes and inhibited genes encoding for phase II detoxification enzymes. These findings indicate that the hepatic damages induced by subchronic aerosol exposure of Cd and TBBPA may result from the oxidative damages caused by excessive ROS production when these chemicals were metabolized in the liver.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
authors.forename: Yuanhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
authors.forename: Yabing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
authors.forename: Shuyun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
authors.forename: Huiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaojuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhengyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
authors.forename: Baoqi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China.
authors.forename: Jinlie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Long
authors.affiliation: Taizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou 318000, PR China.
authors.forename: Bishu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China. Electronic address: cjhuang5711@163.com.
authors.forename: Changjiang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Safety and Human Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, PR China. Electronic address: dqxdong@163.com.
authors.forename: Qiaoxiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000633:toxicity*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000473:pathology*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D009929:Organ Size; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls / Q000633:toxicity*; D064091:Waste Disposal Facilities
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000975:Antioxidants; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls; C020806:tetrabromobisphenol A; D019256:Cadmium Chloride
keywords: Cadmium; Hepatic toxicity; Inhalation toxicity; Oxidative stress marker; Tetrabromobisphenol A