title: Effect of ursolic acid in attenuating chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain in rats.
abstract: Ursolic acid (UA; 3b-hydroxy-12-urs-12-en-28-oic acid), a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid carboxylic acid, has been known to possess potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antinociceptive effects in various animal models. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the antihyperalgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of UA at 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg of doses via per os (p.o.) route for 14 days in chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain in rats. Pain behavior in rats was evaluated before and after UA administration via mechanical and heat hyperalgesia. CCI caused significant increase in levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxido-nitrosative stress. In addition, significant increase in myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, nitric oxide (NO), and total oxidant status (TOS) levels in sciatic nerve and spinal cord concomitant with mechanical and heat hyperalgesia is also noted for CCI-induced neuropathic pain. Administration of UA significantly reduced the increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and TOS. Further, reduced glutathione is also restored by UA. UA also showed in vitro NO and superoxide radical scavenging activity. UA has a potential in attenuating neuropathic pain behavior in CCI model which may possibly be attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243 122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Rafia A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bhat
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243 122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Madhu C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lingaraju
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243 122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Nitya N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Pathak
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243 122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Jaspreet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kalra
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243 122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Dhirendra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243 122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Dinesh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243 122, UP, India.
authors.forename: Surendra K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Tandan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D003250:Constriction; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D050050:Protein Carbonylation / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000097245:Ursolic Acid
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D009195:Peroxidase; D013481:Superoxides; D014315:Triterpenes; D000097245:Ursolic Acid
keywords: chronic constriction injury; hyperalgesia; inflammation; oxidative stress; triterpenoid