title: Differential Gene Expression of Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90) of Candida albicans obtained from Malaysian and Iranian Patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Candida albicans (C. albicans) has several virulence factors, in particular heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), which is expressed by Hsp90 gene. The purposes of this study were to assess the expression of Hsp90 gene in clinical and control isolates of C. albicans obtained from different geographical regions (Malaysia and Iran), different temperatures (25°C, 37°C and 42°C) and mice with candidiasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  C. albicans isolates were cultured onto sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA). The assessment of the expression of Hsp90 gene was performed using real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed a significant increase in the expression of C. albicans Hsp90 gene under high thermal shock (42°C) when compared to other temperatures tested (P-value = 0.001). The mean differences in the expression of Hsp90 gene at 37°C were 0.20 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.13-0.29) between Malaysian and Iranian controls (P-value = 0.040) and 0.47 (95% CI 0.27-0.60) between Malaysian and Iranian patients (P-value = 0.040).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrated that the expression of C. albicans Hsp90 gene varied between Malaysian and Iranian subjects, representing the efficacy of geographical and thermal conditions on virulence gene expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Vajihe
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Khalili
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, 24th Aftab, Imam Khomeini Street 46168- 49767, Amol, Iran.
authors.forename: Hojjatollah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shokri
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Abdah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Md Akim
authors.affiliation: Mycology Research Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali Reza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Khosravi
keywords: Candida albicans; Candidiasis; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; gene expression