title: Impulsive Behaviors in Patients With Pathological Buying.
abstract: Aim To investigate impulsive behaviors in pathological buying (PB). Methods The study included three groups matched for age and gender: treatment seeking outpatients with PB (PB+), treatment seeking psychiatric inpatients without PB (PB-), and a healthy control group (HC). PB was assessed by means of the Compulsive Buying Scale and by the impulse control disorder (ICD) module of the research version of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-ICD). All participants answered questionnaires concerning symptoms of borderline personality disorder, self-harming behaviors, binge eating and symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In addition, comorbid ICDs were assessed using the SCID-ICD. Results The PB+ and PB- groups did not differ with regard to borderline personality disorder or ADHD symptoms, but both groups reported significantly more symptoms than the HC group. Frequencies of self-harming behaviors did not differ between the three groups. Patients with PB were more often diagnosed with any current ICD (excluding PB) compared to those without PB and the HC group (38.7% vs. 12.9% vs. 12.9%, respectively, p=.017). Discussion Our findings confirm prior research suggesting more impulsive behaviors in patients with and without PB compared to healthy controls. The results of the questionnaire-based assessment indicate that outpatients with PB perceive themselves equally impulsive and self-harm as frequently as inpatients without PB; but they seem to suffer more often from an ICD as assessed by means of an interview.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School , Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Heike
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zander
authors.affiliation: 2 Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven , Leuven, Belgium.|3 Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (CAPRI), University of Antwerp , Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Claes
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School , Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Eva M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Voth
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School , Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Zwaan
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School , Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Müller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D007174:Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior; D007297:Inpatients; D008297:Male; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D016728:Self-Injurious Behavior; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
keywords: attention deficit; binge eating; borderline personality; hyperactivity disorder; impulsivity; pathological buying; self-harm