title: High Density of Aligned Nanowire Treated with Polydopamine for Efficient Gene Silencing by siRNA According to Cell Membrane Perturbation.
abstract: High aspect ratio nanomaterials, such as vertically aligned silicon nanowire (SiNW) substrates, are three-dimensional topological features for cell manipulations. A high density of SiNWs significantly affects not only cell adhesion and proliferation but also the delivery of biomolecules to cells. Here, we used polydopamine (PD) that simply formed a thin coating on various material surfaces by the action of dopamine as a bioinspired approach. The PD coating not only enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, and growth but also anchored more siRNA by adsorption and provided more surface concentration for substrate-mediated delivery. By comparing plain and SiNW surfaces with the same amount of loaded siRNA, we quantitatively found that PD coating efficiently anchored siRNA on the surface, which knocked down the expression of a specific gene by RNA interference. It was also found that the interaction of SiNWs with the cell membrane perturbed the lateral diffusion of lipids in the membrane by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. The perturbation was considered to induce the effective delivery of siRNA into cells and allow the cells to carry out their biological functions. These results suggest promising applications of PD-coated, high-density SiNWs as simple, fast, and versatile platforms for transmembrane delivery of biomolecules.
authors.affiliation: Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN , 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
authors.forename: Baiju G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.affiliation: Emergent Bioengineering Material Research Team, RIKEN Centre for Emergent Matter Science , 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.|Laboratory of Human Science and Engineering , 1-3-1 Minaminagasaki, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 1710052, Japan.
authors.forename: Kyoji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hagiwara
authors.affiliation: Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN , 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.|Emergent Bioengineering Material Research Team, RIKEN Centre for Emergent Matter Science , 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
authors.forename: Motoki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.affiliation: Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN , 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.|Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica , 128 Academia Road Sec. 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiao-Hua
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California , Los Angeles CNSI, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
authors.forename: Hsian-Rong
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.affiliation: Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN , 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.|Emergent Bioengineering Material Research Team, RIKEN Centre for Emergent Matter Science , 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D002462:Cell Membrane; D020868:Gene Silencing; D007211:Indoles; D053770:Nanowires; D011108:Polymers; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles; D011108:Polymers; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C568283:polydopamine
keywords: RNA interference; bioinspired materials; high-density nanowires; nanotopography; polydopamine; transmembrane delivery