title: Cerebrospinal fluid sTREM2 levels are associated with gray matter volume increases and reduced diffusivity in early Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: TREM2 is involved in the regulation of inflammatory response and phagocytosis. A soluble fragment (sTREM2) is often found abnormally increased in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  
  
  
  One hundred fourteen participants (45 control, 19 preclinical, 27 mild cognitive impairment [MCI], and 23 AD) underwent CSF sTREM2 determination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We studied the association between CSF sTREM2, gray matter volume, and water motion diffusivity and anisotropy across groups.
  
  
  
  In MCI patients, a positive correlation between CSF sTREM2 and gray matter volume was found in the bilateral inferior and middle temporal cortices, precuneus, the supramarginal, and angular gyri, after controlling by age, sex, and p-tau. A negative correlation with mean diffusivity was detected in overlapping regions, among others.
  
  
  
  In early AD, augmented CSF sTREM2 levels correspond with cerebral MRI features typical of brain swelling, supporting a role for TREM2 in the regulation of the neuroinflammatory response to early neurodegeneration.
authors.affiliation: Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain; Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan Domingo
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Gispert
authors.affiliation: BioMedical Center (BMC), Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suárez-Calvet
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Gemma C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Monté
authors.affiliation: Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tucholka
authors.affiliation: Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: Carles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Falcon
authors.affiliation: Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Unit of human Anatomy and Embryology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rojas
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Lorena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rami
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Valle
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lladó
authors.affiliation: BioMedical Center (BMC), Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Gernot
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kleinberger
authors.affiliation: BioMedical Center (BMC), Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haass
authors.affiliation: Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: jlmolinuevo@fpmaragall.org.
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Molinuevo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D066128:Gray Matter / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D015415:Biomarkers; D016875:tau Proteins
keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Biomarkers; Cerebrospinal fluid; Neuroinflammation; TREM2