title: Incidence of environmental and genetic factors causing congenital cataract in Children of Lahore.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To check the incidence of environmental and genetic factors causing congenital cataract in infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  The descriptive study was conducted at Layton Rahmatullah Benevolent Trust, Lahore, Pakistan, from October 2013 to April 2014, and comprised children under 15 years of age who had rubella syndrome, herpes simplex, birth trauma, trisomy 21, Nance-Horan syndrome or Lowe's syndrome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 38,000 cases examined, 120(0.3%) patients were diagnosed with congenital cataract. Of them, 52(43.33%)were aged between 2 and 5 years,22(18.33%) <11 years and 10(8.33%) ?15 years. Bilateral congenital cataract was observed in 91(75.83%) patients and unilateral congenital cataract in 29(24.17%). Environmental factors caused 72(62.07%) cases and genetic factors caused 44(37.93%)..
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Congenital cataract predominated in boys compared to girls. Early diagnosis and adequate therapy requires specific technology, as well as long-term and permanent care..
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Shagufta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naz
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Saima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharif
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Hafsa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Badar
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Farzana
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rashid
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Afshan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaleem
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Mehwish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iqtedar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002386:Cataract / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015984:Causality; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D020380:Needs Assessment; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Congenital cataract, Analytical study, Syndromes, Lens of eye, Slit lamp examination.