title: Chronic D2/3agonist ropinirole treatment increases preference for uncertainty in rats regardless of baseline choice patterns.
abstract: D2/3receptor agonists are effective treatments for Parkinson's disease (PD), but can precipitate impulse control disorders (ICDs) including gambling disorder (GD). The neurobiological mechanisms underlying this devastating side-effect of dopamine agonist replacement therapy (DRT), and any dependence on the dopamine depletion caused by PD, are unclear. It is also unclear whether previous biases towards risk or uncertainty are a risk factor for developing these ICDs. We investigated whether chronic D2/3agonist administration (5 mg/kg/day ropinirole for 28 days) altered performance of a rat model of gambling-like behaviour, the rodent betting task (rBT), and examined if baseline behaviour predicted this behavioural change. The rBT captures individual differences in subjective preference for uncertain outcomes: animals choose between guaranteed or probabilistic reinforcement of equal expected value. Chronic ropinirole dramatically increased selection of the uncertain option in two-thirds of animals, regardless of baseline preferences. The effect on choice in the rBT was replicated in a dorsolateral striatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model of early PD. These studies are the first to look at individual differences in response to chronic, rather than pulsatile, dosing of DRT in a rodent model of gambling behaviour. These findings suggest that DRT-induced PG may stem from increases in subjective valuation of uncertainty. Such symptoms likely arise because of changes in dopaminergic striatal signalling caused by DRT rather than from an interaction between pre-morbid behaviours or PD itself.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: Mason M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Silveira
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: Sukhbir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: Jay G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hosking
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: Wendy K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.affiliation: Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), UMR7289, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) & Aix-Marseille Université (AMU), Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Christelle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baunez
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: Catharine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Winstanley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000378:metabolism; D016627:Oxidopamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D050637:Receptors, Dopamine D3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D035501:Uncertainty
chemical_list: D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D007211:Indoles; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D050637:Receptors, Dopamine D3; C046649:ropinirole; D016627:Oxidopamine; D004298:Dopamine
keywords: GSK3β; Parkinson's disease; dopamine agonist; gambling; impulsivity