title: MACULAR MICROSTRUCTURAL FEATURES IN CHILDREN WITH TILTED DISK SYNDROME EVALUATED BY SPECTRAL DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess macular microstructure in eyes with tilted disk syndrome (TDS) and determine the relationship between TDS foveal morphology and visual function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six TDS eyes from 19 children (aged 5∼15 years) with a spherical equivalent refraction (SER) of -3.1 ± 1.3 diopter (D) and 28 control eyes from 14 children (aged 7∼12 years) with a SER of -3.0 ± 0.7 D were recruited. Horizontal and vertical optical coherence tomography scans through the fovea produced images that were segmented into eight intraretinal layers. Thicknesses of the total retina and each layer were measured at the foveal center and 12 other macular locations: 500 μm, 1,000 μm, and 1,500 μm along the horizontal and vertical meridians. The relationships between TDS best correct visual acuity (BCVA) and the presence of photoreceptor inner/outer segment (IS/OS) junction line, IS/OS foveal bulge, and cone outer segment tip (COST) line were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The thickness of TDS central fovea, 218.94 ± 22.20 μm, was not significantly different from controls. The total retinal thickness in TDS eyes was thinner than controls at all peripheral locations (P < 0.05) except at 500 μm and 1,000 μm superiorly, and 1,500 μm temporally. Tilted disk syndrome intraretinal layer thicknesses in the nasal and inferior regions varied significantly from controls (P < 0.05). Only 80.7% and 23.1% of TDS eyes had a normal foveal bulge and continuous COST line, respectively, compared with 100% and 96.4% of controls. The BCVA of TDS eyes was similar whether or not the foveal bulge or COST line was abnormal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differences in intraretinal layer thickness may be correlated with defective vision.
authors.affiliation: *Affiliated Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; and †Zhejiang Industry and Trade Vocational College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Meiping
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Shenghai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jingwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Yikui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Meixiao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xinping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005584:Fovea Centralis / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000002:abnormalities*; D017949:Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / Q000473:pathology; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D055211:Retinal Photoreceptor Cell Inner Segment / Q000473:pathology; D055214:Retinal Photoreceptor Cell Outer Segment / Q000473:pathology; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014792:Visual Acuity