title: Prescription Opioids. VI. Metabolism and Excretion of Hydromorphone in Urine Following Controlled Single-Dose Administration.
abstract: Hydromorphone (HM), a prescription opioid and metabolite of morphine and hydrocodone, has been included in proposed revisions to the Mandatory Guidelines for Federal Workplace Drug Testing Programs. This study characterized the time course of HM in hydrolyzed and non-hydrolyzed urine specimens. Twelve healthy subjects were administered a single 8 mg controlled-release HM dose, followed by periodic collection of pooled urine specimens for 54 h following administration. Analysis of total and free HM was conducted by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry at a 50 ng/mL limit of quantitation. Detection periods were determined over a range of thresholds from 50 to 2,000 ng/mL. HM was detected in 85.3% and 47.6% of hydrolyzed and non-hydrolyzed post-dose specimens, respectively. Initial detection of total HM was frequently observed in the first 4-6 h following dosing. The period of detection at the 50 ng/mL threshold averaged 52.3 h for total HM and 38.0 h for free HM. These data support that HM detection is optimized by using low thresholds (50-100 ng/mL) and including conjugated HM in the analysis.
authors.affiliation: Aegis Sciences Corporation, 515 Great Circle Road, Nashville, TN 37228, USA University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Pharmacy, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA annedepriest@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Anne Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: DePriest
authors.affiliation: Aegis Sciences Corporation, 515 Great Circle Road, Nashville, TN 37228, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heltsley
authors.affiliation: Aegis Sciences Corporation, 515 Great Circle Road, Nashville, TN 37228, USA Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, 1161 21st Avenue South, CC-3322 Medical Center North, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Black
authors.affiliation: RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, PO Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.affiliation: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), Division of Workplace Programs (DWP), 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville 20857, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: LoDico
authors.affiliation: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), Division of Workplace Programs (DWP), 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville 20857, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Flegel
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Cone
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000652:urine*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D004091:Hydromorphone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D009020:Morphine / Q000652:urine; D013048:Specimen Handling; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D009020:Morphine; D003404:Creatinine; D004091:Hydromorphone