title: Body plasticity in borderline personality disorder: A link to dissociation.
abstract: Patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) often report an unstable sense of self, which is further enhanced in dissociative states. As one consequence, BPD patients show a labile body percept, which might result in a higher degree of body plasticity. However, experimental data on body plasticity in BPD are not yet available.
  
  
  
  The rubber hand illusion (RHI) probes the plasticity of one's body by inducing the feeling of ownership for an artificial limb. We tested the proneness to perceive the RHI in female patients with current and remitted BPD compared to healthy controls, and related their perceptions to state and trait dissociation.
  
  
  
  Participants with current BPD, compared to healthy controls, reported higher proneness to perceive the RHI (p<.05, with an effect size [Cohen's d] of 0.68). Remission was associated with a stabilization of perceptions. RHI vividness was positively related to state and trait dissociation across the groups, and specifically in current BPD when controlling for symptom severity (all Pearson's r≥.30, p<.05).
  
  
  
  These results indicate enhanced body plasticity related to dissociation in BPD, point to shared neurobiological mechanisms, and might help to elucidate the body-related perceptual disturbances associated with BPD.
  
  
  
  The results provide initial empirical evidence for significant alterations in body ownership processing associated with a current BPD diagnosis, resulting in enhanced body plasticity. Dissociation significantly correlated with illusory limb ownership experiences, making body plasticity a marker for BPD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. Electronic address: r.bekrater-bodmann@zi-mannheim.de.
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bekrater-Bodmann
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Boo Young
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Foell
authors.affiliation: Department of General Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Dorothee Maria
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Gescher
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatric and Psychosomatic Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Faculty of Health, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bohus
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Herta
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Flor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001828:Body Image; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004213:Dissociative Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D055815:Young Adult