title: SnS2- Compared to SnO2-Stabilized S/C Composites toward High-Performance Lithium Sulfur Batteries.
abstract: The common sulfur/carbon (S/C) composite cathodes in lithium sulfur batteries suffer gradual capacity fading over long-term cycling incurred by the poor physical confinement of sulfur in a nonpolar carbon host. In this work, these issues are significantly relieved by introducing polar SnO2 or SnS2 species into the S/C composite. SnO2- or SnS2-stabilized sulfur in porous carbon composites (SnO2/S/C and SnS2/S/C) have been obtained through a baked-in-salt or sealed-in-vessel approach at 245 °C, starting from metallic tin (mp 231.89 °C), excess sulfur, and porous carbon. Both of the in situ-formed SnO2 and SnS2 in the two composites could ensure chemical interaction with lithium polysulfide (LiPS) intermediates proven by theoretical calculation. Compared to SnO2/S/C, the SnS2/S/C sample affords a more appropriate binding effect and shows lower charge transfer resistance, which is important for the efficient redox reaction of the adsorbed LiPS intermediates during cycling. When used as cathodes for Li-S batteries, the SnS2/S/C composite with sulfur loading of 78 wt % exhibits superior electrochemical performance. It delivers reversible capacities of 780 mAh g(-1) after 300 cycles at 0.5 C. When further coupled with a Ge/C anode, the full cell also shows good cycling stability and efficiency.
authors.affiliation: Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , 96 JinZhai Road, 230026, Hefei, China.
authors.forename: Xiaona
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , 96 JinZhai Road, 230026, Hefei, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , 96 JinZhai Road, 230026, Hefei, China.
authors.forename: Zhiguo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , 96 JinZhai Road, 230026, Hefei, China.
authors.forename: Wanqun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , 96 JinZhai Road, 230026, Hefei, China.
authors.forename: Yongchun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China , 96 JinZhai Road, 230026, Hefei, China.
authors.forename: Yitai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jianwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong 250100, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yitai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qian
keywords: chemical interaction; energy storage; lithium sulfur batteries; tin dioxide; tin disulfide