title: Mucin-Type O-Glycosylation in Gastric Carcinogenesis.
abstract: Mucin-type O-glycosylation plays a crucial role in several physiological and pathological processes of the gastric tissue. Modifications in enzymes responsible for key glycosylation steps and the consequent abnormal biosynthesis and expression of their glycan products constitute well-established molecular hallmarks of disease state. This review addresses the major role played by mucins and associated O-glycan structures in Helicobacter pylori adhesion to the gastric mucosa and the subsequent establishment of a chronic infection, with concomitant drastic alterations of the gastric epithelium glycophenotype. Furthermore, alterations of mucin expression pattern and glycan signatures occurring in preneoplastic lesions and in gastric carcinoma are also described, as well as their impact throughout the gastric carcinogenesis cascade and in cancer progression. Altogether, mucin-type O-glycosylation alterations may represent promising biomarkers with potential screening and prognostic applications, as well as predictors of cancer patients' response to therapy.
authors.affiliation: i3S-Instituto de Investiga&#231;&#227;o e Inova&#231;&#227;o em Sa&#250;de, Universidade do Porto, Rua J&#250;lio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. hduarte@ipatimup.pt.|Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, Rua J&#250;lio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. hduarte@ipatimup.pt.|Instituto de Ci&#234;ncias Biom&#233;dicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal. hduarte@ipatimup.pt.
authors.forename: Henrique O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: i3S-Instituto de Investiga&#231;&#227;o e Inova&#231;&#227;o em Sa&#250;de, Universidade do Porto, Rua J&#250;lio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. dfreitas@ipatimup.pt.|Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, Rua J&#250;lio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. dfreitas@ipatimup.pt.|Instituto de Ci&#234;ncias Biom&#233;dicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal. dfreitas@ipatimup.pt.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.affiliation: i3S-Instituto de Investiga&#231;&#227;o e Inova&#231;&#227;o em Sa&#250;de, Universidade do Porto, Rua J&#250;lio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. cgomes@ipatimup.pt.|Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, Rua J&#250;lio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. cgomes@ipatimup.pt.
authors.forename: Catarina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: i3S-Instituto de Investiga&#231;&#227;o e Inova&#231;&#227;o em Sa&#250;de, Universidade do Porto, Rua J&#250;lio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. joanag@ipatimup.pt.|Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, Rua J&#250;lio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. joanag@ipatimup.pt.
authors.forename: Joana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: i3S-Instituto de Investiga&#231;&#227;o e Inova&#231;&#227;o em Sa&#250;de, Universidade do Porto, Rua J&#250;lio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. amagalhaes@ipatimup.pt.|Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, Rua J&#250;lio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. amagalhaes@ipatimup.pt.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Magalhães
authors.affiliation: i3S-Instituto de Investiga&#231;&#227;o e Inova&#231;&#227;o em Sa&#250;de, Universidade do Porto, Rua J&#250;lio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. celsor@ipatimup.pt.|Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, Rua J&#250;lio Amaral de Carvalho, 45, Porto 4200-135, Portugal. celsor@ipatimup.pt.|Instituto de Ci&#234;ncias Biom&#233;dicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal. celsor@ipatimup.pt.|Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Alameda Prof Hern&#226;ni Monteiro, Porto 4200-319, Portugal. celsor@ipatimup.pt.
authors.forename: Celso A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Reis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D009077:Mucins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009077:Mucins
keywords: Helicobacter pylori; Lewis antigens; O-glycosylation; gastric cancer; glycosyltransferases; mucins