title: Severity of hypertension predicts the generalized neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia.
abstract: Individuals with schizophrenia have been found to display neurocognitive deficits on the order of 1 standard deviation below the mean of healthy controls on a range of cognitive domains, with no clear pattern of deficits that characterizes the majority of individuals with schizophrenia. Such findings have led some to suggest that schizophrenia is characterized by a "generalized" neurocognitive deficit, implying that a common underlying etiology impacts all cognitive domains. Central nervous system accounts of the generalized deficit have been proposed (e.g., NMDA and GABA interneuron receptor dysfunction); however, there may also be more diffuse "general systems" abnormalities that affect brain function. The current study evaluated the role of one type of general systems abnormality, metabolic dysfunction, on global cognitive functioning in a sample of outpatients with schizophrenia (n=27) and demographically matched healthy controls (n=33). Participants completed a battery of neuropsychological tests, as well as metabolic measurements to assess blood glucose, blood pressure, and abdominal obesity. Results indicated that higher pulse pressure predicted the generalized neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia, but not healthy controls; however, blood glucose and abdominal obesity did not predict cognitive performance in either group. These findings provide support for the role of metabolic abnormalities in the generalized neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia, and suggest that treatment of hypertension may be a novel adjunctive treatment target for remediating cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Psychology, 4400 Vestal Pkwy E, PO Box 6000, Binghamton, New York, USA, 13902-6000.
authors.forename: Lindsay F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Morra
authors.affiliation: State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Psychology, 4400 Vestal Pkwy E, PO Box 6000, Binghamton, New York, USA, 13902-6000.. Electronic address: gstrauss@binghamton.edu.
authors.forename: Gregory P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Strauss
mesh_terms: D003071:Cognition; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
keywords: Metabolic; Neurocognition; Pulse Pressure; Schizophrenia