title: Normative data of the Magical Ideation Scale from childhood to adulthood in an Italian cohort.
abstract: The assessment of schizotypy allows to identify people at risk to develop psychosis. For this purpose, psychometric tools have been developed, such as the Magical Ideation Scale (MIS). This scale investigates attenuated forms of thought transmission experiences, thought withdrawal and aberrant beliefs, related to positive schizotypy. This study aims at providing an Italian version of the MIS and its normative data in the general population from childhood to adulthood, being the first study evaluating subjects under 17year-old. The Italian MIS version was translated by three independent operators and administered to 1378 non-clinical participants, stratified into four age groups (i.e., 8-13, 14-17, 18-24 and 25-34). The unidimensionality of the scale was supported, and its internal consistency was satisfactory (i.e., ordinal Cronbach's αs ranging from 0.86 to 0.90 in different age groups), as well as test-retest reliability (i.e., 1-month ICC of 0.82 in a retested sub-sample). Normative data for the age groups were provided. Specific gender and age-related differences in MIS score were found, i.e. females scored higher than males in the 25-34 age group, which in general, as a group, scored lower than all the other age groups. This study provided evidence of reliability for the Italian version of the MIS in childhood and adolescence, for the first time, as well as in adulthood, showing specific gender and age effects in the early adult cohort.
authors.affiliation: Scientific Institute IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garzitto
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Unit, National Centre of Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Picardi
authors.affiliation: Scientific Institute IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Italy.
authors.forename: Livia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fornasari
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Unit, National Centre of Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gigantesco
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health, Asti-Alessandria, Italy.
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sala
authors.affiliation: Genetic Epidemiology Unit, National Centre of Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Corrado
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fagnani
authors.affiliation: Genetic Epidemiology Unit, National Centre of Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Antonietta
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Stazi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ciappolino
authors.affiliation: Scientific Institute IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", Italy; Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, Italy.
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fabbro
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Alfredo Carlo
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Altamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address: paolo.brambilla1@unimi.it.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brambilla
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012569:Schizotypal Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012737:Sex Factors; D014177:Translations; D055815:Young Adult