title: Musculoskeletal infections associated with Citrobacter koseri.
abstract: Introduction Citrobacter koseri is a well known cause of central nervous system infections in the paediatric setting. Musculoskeletal infections caused by C koseri are rare, with only 14 previously reported cases. We present the first recorded case of C koseri induced septic arthritis of the knee along with a review of the literature. Methods A search of the PubMed, Embase(®) and Google Scholar™ databases was undertaken. Only complete or near complete cases were reviewed. Findings Fourteen musculoskeletal infections were identified. Of these, five were associated with an operative procedure and five involved a septic joint. Surgical treatment was required in the majority of cases and cure was achieved in all cases following prolonged antibiotic use. Conclusions C koseri associated musculoskeletal infections may complicate primary orthopaedic procedures. The organism can present aggressively and can be difficult to identify microbiologically. It is sensitive to newer generation beta-lactams, cephalosporin-based antibiotics and timely surgery.
authors.affiliation: Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , UK.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Kwaees
authors.affiliation: Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , UK.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hakim
authors.affiliation: Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weerasinghe
authors.affiliation: Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , UK.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dunkow
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018771:Arthralgia / Q000382:microbiology; D001170:Arthritis, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D001182:Arthroscopy; D041041:Citrobacter koseri; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*
keywords: Arthroscopy; Citrobacter koseri; Periprosthetic infection; Septic arthritis