title: Reproducibility and validity of dietary patterns identified using factor analysis among Chinese populations.
abstract: In the present study, we evaluated the reproducibility and validity of dietary patterns among Chinese adult populations. A random subsample of 203 participants (aged 31-80 years) from a community-based nutrition and health survey was enrolled. An eighty-seven-item FFQ was administered twice (FFQ1 and FFQ2) 1 year apart; four 3 consecutive day, 24-h dietary recalls (24-HDR, as a reference method) were performed between the administrations of the two FFQ every 3 months. Dietary patterns from three separate dietary sources were derived using factor analysis based on twenty-eight predefined food groups. Comparisons between dietary pattern scores were made by using Pearson's or intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), cross-classification analysis, weighted κ statistic and Bland-Altman plots; the four major dietary patterns identified from FFQ1, FFQ2 and 24-HDR were similar. Regarding reproducibility, ICC for z-scores between FFQ1 and FFQ2 were all >0·6 for dietary patterns. The 'animal and plant protein' pattern had the highest ICC of 0·870. For validity, the adjusted Pearson's correlation coefficients for dietary pattern z-scores between two FFQ and the mean of four 3 consecutive day 24-HDR ranged from 0·387 for the 'Chinese traditional' pattern to 0·838 for the 'animal and plant protein' pattern. More than 75 % of the participants were classified into the same or adjacent quartile, and <5 % were misclassified into opposite quartiles. The weighted κ ranged from 0·259 to 0·680. Bland-Altman plots indicated that no significant deviation was found between two dietary assessment methods. Our findings indicate a good reasonable reproducibility and a reasonable validity of dietary patterns derived by factor analysis in China.
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention,Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention,2,Zizhulin,Nanjing 210003,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention,Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention,2,Zizhulin,Nanjing 210003,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention,Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention,2,Zizhulin,Nanjing 210003,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention,Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention,2,Zizhulin,Nanjing 210003,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Huafeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention,Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention,2,Zizhulin,Nanjing 210003,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xupeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention,Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention,2,Zizhulin,Nanjing 210003,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hairong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention,Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention,2,Zizhulin,Nanjing 210003,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chenchen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Public Health,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wenjie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: 3Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention,Qinhuai District Center for Disease Control & Prevention,Nanjing 210029,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yichao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: 4Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention,Liuhe District Center for Disease Control & Prevention,Nanjing 211500,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Liuyuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: 5Department of International Health,Bloomberg School of Public Health,Johns Hopkins Global Center for Childhood Obesity,Johns Hopkins University,Baltimore, MD 21205,USA.
authors.forename: Youfa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 1Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention,Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention,2,Zizhulin,Nanjing 210003,People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002681:China; D015930:Diet Records; D004034:Diet Surveys / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: 24-HDR 24-h dietary recalls; China; Dietary patterns; FA factor analysis; Factor analyses; ICC intraclass correlation coefficients; LOA limits of agreement; Reliability; Validity; m24-HDR mean of four 3 consecutive day 24-HDR; mFFQ mean of two FFQ