title: Are you able not to react to what you hear? Inhibition behavior measured with an auditory Go/NoGo paradigm.
abstract: In everyday life people have to attend to, react to, or inhibit reactions to visual and acoustic cues. These abilities are frequently measured with Go/NoGo tasks using visual stimuli. However, these abilities have rarely been examined with auditory cues. The aims of our study (N = 106) are to develop an auditory Go/NoGo paradigm and to describe brain-healthy participants' performance. We tested convergent validity of the auditory Go/NoGo paradigm by analyzing the correlations with other neuropsychological tasks assessing attentional control and executive functions. We also analyzed the ecological validity of the task by examining correlations of self-reported impulsivity. In the first step we found that the participants are able to differentiate correctly among several sounds and also to appropriately react or inhibit a certain reaction most of the times. Convergent validity was suggested by correlations between the auditory Go/NoGo paradigm and the Color Word Interference Test, Trail Making Test, and Modified Card Sorting Test. We did not find correlations with self-reported impulsivity. Overall, the auditory Go/NoGo paradigm may be used to assess attention and inhibition in the context of auditory stimuli. Future studies may adapt the auditory Go/NoGo paradigm with specific acoustic stimuli (e.g., sound of opening a bottle) in order to address cognitive biases in particular disorders (e.g., alcohol dependence).
authors.affiliation: a General Psychology: Cognition, University of Duisburg-Essen , Duisburg , Germany.|b Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR) , University of Duisburg-Essen , Duisburg , Germany.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wegmann
authors.affiliation: a General Psychology: Cognition, University of Duisburg-Essen , Duisburg , Germany.|b Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR) , University of Duisburg-Essen , Duisburg , Germany.|c Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Essen , Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.affiliation: a General Psychology: Cognition, University of Duisburg-Essen , Duisburg , Germany.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Snagowski
authors.affiliation: a General Psychology: Cognition, University of Duisburg-Essen , Duisburg , Germany.
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schiebener
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology; D003463:Cues; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Auditory attention; Cognitive control; Executive functions; Impulsivity; Inhibition.