title: Cerebral ganglion ultrastructure and differential proteins revealed using proteomics in the aplysiid (Notarcus leachii cirrosus Stimpson) under cadmium and lead stress.
abstract: Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are both highly toxic metals in environments. However the toxicological mechanism is not clear. In this study, the aplysiid, Notarcus leachii cirrosus Stimpson (NLCS) was subjected to Cd (NLCS-Cd) or Pb (NLCS-Pb). The cerebral ganglion of NLCS was investigated with a transmission electron microscope. Next the differential proteins were separated and identified using proteomic approaches. Eighteen protein spots in NLCS-Cd and seventeen protein spots in NLCS-Pb were observed to be significantly changed. These protein spots were further excised in gels and identified. A hypothetical pathway was drawn to show the correlation between the partially identified proteins. The results indicated that damage to the cerebral ganglion was follows: cell apoptosis, lysosomes proliferation, cytoskeleton disruption, and oxidative stress. These phenomena and data indicated potential biomarkers for evaluating the contamination levels of Cd and Pb. This study provided positive insights into the mechanisms of Cd and Pb toxicity.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Stress Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Wei
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Stress Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Stress Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Stress Cell Biology, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, School of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, and the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China. Electronic address: hqhuang@xmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: He-Qing
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001048:Aplysia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002104:Cadmium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D054750:Ecotoxicology / Q000379:methods; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D017952:Ganglia, Invertebrate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D007854:Lead / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D011506:Proteins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D007854:Lead
keywords: Biomarkers; Cadmium (Cd); Cerebral ganglion; Lead (Pb); Notarcus leachii cirrosus Stimpson (NLCS); Proteomics