title: Magnesium release from mesoporous carriers on endosseus implants does not influence bone maturation at 6 weeks in rabbit bone.
abstract: The release of magnesium ions (Mg2+) from titanium surfaces has been shown to boost the initial biological response of peri-implant bone and to increase the biomechanical strength of osseointegration. The objective of the present paper was to investigate if the initial improvement in osseointegration would influence the bone remodeling also during the maturation stage of bone healing.
  
  
  
  Titanium implants were coated with mesoporous titania layers and either loaded with Mg2+(test group) or left untreated (control group). The implants were inserted in the tibiae of 10 New Zealand White rabbits. Osseointegration was assessed after 6 weeks by means of biomechanical testing (RTQ), non-decalcified histology and histomorphometry (BIC%, BA%, NBA%). The expression of genes involved in the bone formation and remodeling was quantified using qPCR.
  
  
  
  Mg2+releasing mesoporous titania coatings showed, on average, higher removal torques and histomorphometrical outcomes (RTQ: 17.2 Ncm vs. 15 Ncm; BIC: 38.8% vs. 32.1%; BA%: 71.6% vs. 64%; NBA% 62.5% vs. 54% for the tests vs the controls); however, the differences were not statistically significant. Three osteogenic markers, osteocalcin (OC), collagen 1 alpha 1 (COL1A1), and alkalin phosphatase (ALPL), were respectively 2-fold, 1.53-fold, and 1.13-fold up-regulated in the control group compared to the test. The expression of COL1A1 was particularly high in both groups, while the biomarkers for remodeling and inflammation showed a low expression in both groups.
  
  
  
  The results suggested that the initial enhancement in osseointegration induced by magnesium release from mesoporous titania coatings has no detrimental effects during bone maturation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2118-2125, 2017.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, 205 06, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-7488-3588
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Galli
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Applied Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, 205 06, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Yohei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jinno
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Applied Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Applied Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Wenxiao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Dentistry, Center for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Dentistry, Center for Clinical Dental Research, University of Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Kamal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mustafa
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, 205 06, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wennerberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, 205 06, Malmö, Sweden.|Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, 205 06, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jimbo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008274:Magnesium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D008422:Materials Testing; D016348:Osseointegration; D011817:Rabbits; D013977:Tibia / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D014025:Titanium; D008274:Magnesium
keywords: bone remodeling; magnesium; mesoporous titania; osseointegration