title: Jatropha curcas and assisted phytoremediation of a mine tailing with biochar and a mycorrhizal fungus.
abstract: Soil pollution is an important ecological problem worldwide. Phytoremediation is an environmental-friendly option for reducing metal pollution. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the growth and physiological response, metal uptake, and the phytostabilization potential of a nontoxic Jatropha curcas L. genotype when grown in multimetal-polluted conditions. Plants were established on a mine residue (MR) amended or not amended with corn biochar (B) and inoculated or not inoculated with the mycorrhizal fungus Acaulospora sp. (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, AMF). J. curcas was highly capable of growing in an MR and showed no phytotoxic symptoms. After J. curcas growth (105 days), B produced high desorption of Cd and Pb from the MR; however, no increases in metal shoot concentrations were observed. Therefore, Jatropha may be useful for phytostabilization of metals in mine tailings. The use of B is recommended because improved MR chemical properties conduced to plant growth (cation-exchange capacity, organic matter content, essential nutrients, electrical conductivity, water-holding capacity) and plant growth development (higher biomass, nutritional and physiological performance). Inoculation with an AMF did not improve any plant growth or physiological plant characteristic. Only higher Zn shoot concentration was observed, but it was not phytotoxic. Future studies of B use and its long-term effect on MR remediation should be conducted under field conditions.
authors.affiliation: a Colegio de Postgraduados, Soil and Environmental Chemistry Lab and Environmental Microbiology Lab , Campus Montecillo, Texcoco , México.
authors.forename: Ma Del Carmen A
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: González-Chávez
authors.affiliation: a Colegio de Postgraduados, Soil and Environmental Chemistry Lab and Environmental Microbiology Lab , Campus Montecillo, Texcoco , México.
authors.forename: Rogelio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carrillo-González
authors.affiliation: a Colegio de Postgraduados, Soil and Environmental Chemistry Lab and Environmental Microbiology Lab , Campus Montecillo, Texcoco , México.
authors.forename: María Isabel
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Hernández Godínez
authors.affiliation: b Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Morelos , Mexico.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Evangelista Lozano
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002606:Charcoal / Q000032:analysis*; D055137:Glomeromycota / Q000502:physiology*; D031286:Jatropha / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000378:metabolism*; D008906:Mining; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000502:physiology*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C540010:biochar; D002606:Charcoal
keywords: Acaulospora sp; heavy metals; physic nut; phytostabilization; translocation factor