title: Tobacco policies and on-premise smoking in bars and clubs that cater to young African Americans following the Maryland Clean Indoor Air Act of 2007.
abstract: African American young adults ages 18-25 smoke less than their Caucasian peers, yet the burden of tobacco-related illness is significantly higher in African Americans than in Caucasians across the lifespan. Little is known about how clean indoor air laws affect tobacco smoking among African American young adults. We conducted a systematic observation of bars and clubs with events targeted to African American adults 18-25 in Baltimore City at two timepoints (October and November of 2008 and 2010) after enforcement of the Maryland Clean Indoor Air Act (CIAA). Twenty venues-selected on the basis of youth reports of popular venues-were rated during peak hours. All surveillance checklist items were restricted to what was observable in the public domain. There was a significant decrease in observed indoor smoking after CIAA enforcement. Observed outdoor smoking also decreased, but this change was not significant. Facilities for smoking outdoors increased significantly. The statewide smoking ban became effective February 1, 2008, yet measurable changes in smoking behavior in bars were not evident until the City engaged in stringent enforcement of the ban several months later.
authors.affiliation: a Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , Maryland.
authors.forename: Elizabeth D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Nesoff
authors.affiliation: a Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , Maryland.
authors.forename: Adam J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Milam
authors.affiliation: a Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , Maryland.
authors.forename: Lee R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Bone
authors.affiliation: a Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , Maryland.
authors.forename: Frances A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Stillman
authors.affiliation: a Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , Maryland.
authors.forename: Mieka J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Smart
authors.affiliation: b University of Maryland Carey School of Law , Baltimore , Maryland.
authors.forename: Kathleen S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Hoke
authors.affiliation: a Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , Maryland.
authors.forename: C Debra M
authors.initials: CDM
authors.lastname: Furr-Holden
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000359:Aftercare; D015142:Baltimore; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012147:Restaurants / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D062789:Tobacco Products / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: African Americans; smoking ban; tobacco; young adults