title: Amniotic Fluid-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cut Short the Acuteness of Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley Rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cisplatin is a nephrotoxic chemotherapeutic agent. So, preventive measures worth to be evaluated. Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) in prevention or amelioration of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in Sprague-Dawley rates have been tested.
  
  
  METHODS
  80 Sprague-Dawley rats (250~300 g) were used and divided into 4 major groups, 20 rats each. Group I: Saline-injected group. Group II: Cisplatin-injected group (5 mg/kg I.P). Group III: Cisplatin-injected and hAFSCs-treated group (5×10⁶ hAFSCs I.V. one day after cisplatin administration). Group IV: Cisplatin-injected and culture media-treated group. Each major group was further divided into 4 equal subgroups according to the timing of sacrifice; 4, 7, 11 and 30 days post-cisplatin injection. Renal function tests were done. Kidney tissue homogenate oxidative stress parameters malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) were determined. Histopathological scoring systems for active injury, regenerative and chronic changes were analyzed separately.
  
  
  RESULTS
  hAFSCs characterization and differentiation was proved. Cisplatin injection resulted in a significant increase in serum creatinine and MDA and decrease in SOD, GSH and creatinine clearance. These changes were attenuated early by day 4 with the use of hAFSCs. Cisplatin injection induced tubular necrosis, atrophy, inflammatory cells infiltration and fibrosis. The use of hAFSCs was associated with significantly lowered injury score at day 4, 7, 11 and 30 with marked regenerative changes starting from day 4.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  hAFSCs have both a protective and regenerative activities largely through an antioxidant activity. This activity cut short the acuteness of cisplatin nephrotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.|Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Al-Husseiny
authors.affiliation: Zoology Unit- Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed Ahmed
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sobh
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Rehab H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Ashour
authors.affiliation: Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Samah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Foud
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Tarek
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Medhat
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Abdel-Hady
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: El-Gilany
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Doaa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Elghannam
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abdel-Ghaffar
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.|Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed-Ahdy
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Saad
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.|Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sobh
keywords: Cisplatin; Human amniotic fluid Stem cells; Oxidative stress; nephrotoxicity