title: Integrative radiogenomic analysis for genomic signatures in glioblastomas presenting leptomeningeal dissemination.
abstract: Despite therapeutic advances, the prognosis for glioblastoma (GBM) remains poor. In particular, leptomeningeal dissemination (LMD) has a dismal prognosis. The aim of this study was to identify tumor molecular phenotype, which has a great propensity to develop LMD. Between May 2004 and December 2012, a total of 145 GBM tumor samples were obtained from data registry. A total of 20 of the 145 patients with GBM were found to develop LMD. A specialized radiologist confirmed the diagnosis of LMD on magnetic resonance imaging. To clarify the genomic signatures in GBM with LMD, we performed integrative analysis of whole transcriptome sequencing and copy number alteration in the radiological features indicating LMD phenotypes in GBM. Eleven newly diagnosed patients with GBM with LMD had worse prognosis than those without LMD (median 5.55 vs. 12.94 months, P < 0.0001). Integrating analysis using gene expression based on the change of copy number revealed that SPOCK1, EHD2, SLC2A3, and ANXA11 were highly expressed with the gain of copy number, compared with the gene expression in the non-LMD group. In addition, it was demonstrated that NME2, TMEM100, and SIVA1 were downregulated with the loss of copy number. We also found that mesenchymal subtype accounted for 50% in LMD group, whereas mesenchymal subtype consisted of 29% in non-LMD group, even though there was no statistical significance (P = 0.06). Through this radiogenomic analysis, we suggested the possibility of finding candidate genes associated with LMD and highlighted the significance of integrating approach to clarify the molecular characteristics in LMD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea Departments of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Ho-Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jinkuk
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: In-Hee
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ho Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Seol
authors.forename: Jung-Il
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sung Tae
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Doo-Sik
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Do-Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Nam
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D023281:Genomics; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000556:secondary*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D011379:Prognosis; D012042:Registries; D016019:Survival Analysis