title: Impaired Expression of Cytokines as a Result of Viral Infections with an Emphasis on Small Ruminant Lentivirus Infection in Goats.
abstract: Knowing about the genes involved in immunity, and being able to identify the factors influencing their expressions, helps in gaining awareness of the immune processes. The qPCR method is a useful gene expression analysis tool, but studies on immune system genes are still limited, especially on the caprine immune system. Caprine arthritis encephalitis, a disease caused by small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV), causes economic losses in goat breeding, and there is no therapy against SRLV. The results of studies on vaccines against other viruses are promising. Moreover, the Marker-Assisted Selection strategy against SRLV is possible, as has been shown in sheep breeding. However, there are still many gaps in our knowledge on the caprine immune response to infection. All types of cytokines play pivotal roles in immunity, and SRLV infection influences the expression of many cytokines in different types of cells. This information encouraged the authors to examine the results of studies conducted on SRLV and other viral infections, with an emphasis on the expression of cytokine genes. This review attempts to summarize the results of studies on the expression of cytokines in the context of the SRLV infection.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, ul. Postepu 36A, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland. j.jarczak@ighz.pl.
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jarczak
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, ul. Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warszawa, Poland. jaroslaw_kaba@sggw.pl.
authors.forename: Jarosław
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaba
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, ul. Postepu 36A, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland. d.reczynska@ighz.pl.
authors.forename: Daria
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reczyńska
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, ul. Postepu 36A, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland. e.bagnicka@ighz.pl.
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bagnicka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016088:Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology*; D006041:Goats; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D016180:Lentivirus Infections / Q000662:veterinary*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines
keywords: SRLV; cytokine; gene expression; goat