title: Aquatic hazard assessment of MON 0818, a commercial mixture of alkylamine ethoxylates commonly used in glyphosate-containing herbicide formulations. Part 1: Species sensitivity distribution from laboratory acute exposures.
abstract: The sensitivity of 15 aquatic species, including primary producers, benthic invertebrates, cladocerans, mollusks, and fish, to MON 0818, a commercial surfactant mixture of polyoxyethylene tallow amines, was evaluated in standard acute (48-96-h) laboratory tests. In addition, the potential for chronic toxicity (8 d) was evaluated with Ceriodaphnia dubia. Exposure concentrations were confirmed. No significant effects on any endpoint were observed in the chronic test. A tier-1 hazard assessment was conducted by comparing species sensitivity distributions based on the generated data, as well as literature data, with 4 exposure scenarios. This assessment showed moderate levels of hazard (43.1% of the species exposed at or above median effective concentration levels), for a chosen worst-case scenario-unintentional direct over-spray of a 15-cm-deep body of water with the maximum label application rate for the studied formulations (Roundup Original, Vision Forestry Herbicide; 12 L formulation ha-1, equivalent to 4.27 kg acid equivalent [a.e.] ha-1). The hazard decreased to impairment of 20.9% of species under the maximum application rate for more typical uses (6 L formulation ha-1, 2.14 kg a.e. ha-1), and down to 6.9% for a more frequently employed application rate (2.5 L formulation ha-1, 0.89 kg a.e. ha-1). Finally, the percentage (3.8%) was less than the hazardous concentration for 5% of the species based on concentrations of MON 0818 calculated from maximum measured concentrations of glyphosate in the environment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:501-511. © 2016 SETAC.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Toxicology, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jose L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Gil
authors.affiliation: Centre for Toxicology, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Prosser
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Toxicology Unit, Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Poirier
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Services Division, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lissemore
authors.affiliation: Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Dean
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.affiliation: Department of Environment and Geography, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hanson
authors.affiliation: Centre for Toxicology, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Keith R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Solomon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000187:drug effects*; D005223:Fats / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D006540:Herbicides / Q000737:chemistry*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013045:Species Specificity; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D000097797:Glyphosate
chemical_list: D005223:Fats; D005998:Glycine; D006540:Herbicides; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000097797:Glyphosate; C501118:MON 0818
keywords: Alkylamine ethoxylates; Hazard; MON 0818; Polyoxyethylene tallow amines; Species sensitivity distribution; Toxicity