title: A CONSTANS-like transcriptional activator, OsCOL13, functions as a negative regulator of flowering downstream of OsphyB and upstream of Ehd1 in rice.
abstract: Flowering time determines the adaptability of crop plants to different local environments, thus being one of the most important agronomic traits targeted in breeding programs. Photoperiod is one of the key factors that control flowering in plant. A number of genes that participate in the photoperiod pathway have been characterized in long-day plants such as Arabidopsis, as well as in short-day plants such as Oryza sativa. Of those, CONSTANS (CO) as a floral integrator promotes flowering in Arabidopsis under long day conditions. In rice, Heading date1 (Hd1), a homologue of CO, functions in an opposite way, which inhibits flowering under long day conditions and induces flowering under short day conditions. Here, we show that another CONSTANS-like (COL) gene, OsCOL13, negatively regulates flowering in rice under both long and short day conditions. Overexpression of OsCOL13 delays flowering regardless of day length. We also demonstrated that OsCOL13 has a constitutive and rhythmic expression pattern, and that OsCOL13 is localized to the nucleus. OsCOL13 displays transcriptional activation activity in the yeast assays and likely forms homodimers in vivo. OsCOL13 suppresses the florigen genes Hd3a and RFT1 by repressing Ehd1, but has no relationship with other known Ehd1 regulators as determined by using mutants or near isogenic lines. In addition, the transcriptional level of OsCOL13 significantly decreased in the osphyb mutant, but remained unchanged in the osphya and osphyc mutants. Thus, we conclude that OsCOL13 functions as a negative regulator downstream of OsphyB and upstream of Ehd1 in the photoperiodic flowering in rice.
authors.affiliation: Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.|National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Peike
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.affiliation: National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fuqing
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China.|National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Junjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiachang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiuping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jiulin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhijun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yiqun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.affiliation: National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chuanyin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, People's Republic of China. xml05@hnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xuanming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China. wanjianmin@caas.cn.|State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China. wanjianmin@caas.cn.
authors.forename: Jianmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wan
mesh_terms: D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D035264:Flowers / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins
keywords: CONSTANS (CO); Ehd1; Flowering time; OsCOL13; OsphyB; Rice