title: Quantitative Perfusion and Permeability Biomarkers in Brain Cancer from Tomographic CT and MR Images.
abstract: Dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion and permeability imaging, using computed tomography and magnetic resonance systems, are important techniques for assessing the vascular supply and hemodynamics of healthy brain parenchyma and tumors. These techniques can measure blood flow, blood volume, and blood-brain barrier permeability surface area product and, thus, may provide information complementary to clinical and pathological assessments. These have been used as biomarkers to enhance the treatment planning process, to optimize treatment decision-making, and to enable monitoring of the treatment noninvasively. In this review, the principles of magnetic resonance and computed tomography dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion and permeability imaging are described (with an emphasis on their commonalities), and the potential values of these techniques for differentiating high-grade gliomas from other brain lesions, distinguishing true progression from posttreatment effects, and predicting survival after radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and antiangiogenic treatments are presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.; Seaman Family MR Centre, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eilaghi
authors.affiliation: Lawson Health Research Institute and Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.; Seaman Family MR Centre, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: d'Esterre
authors.affiliation: Lawson Health Research Institute and Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Glenn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bauman
authors.affiliation: Lawson Health Research Institute and Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Slav
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yartsev
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Jay
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Easaw
authors.affiliation: Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Arcispedale S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy.; Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Firenze, Italy.
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fainardi
authors.affiliation: Lawson Health Research Institute and Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Ting-Yim
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.; Seaman Family MR Centre, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Frayne
keywords: brain cancer; perfusion imaging; permeability imaging; quantitative MR and CT techniques