title: The effect of particle size and amount of inoculum on fungal treatment of wheat straw and wood chips.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to optimize the fungal treatment of lignocellulosic biomass by stimulating the colonization. Wheat straw and wood chips were treated with Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and Lentinula edodes with various amounts of colonized millet grains (0.5, 1.5 or 3.0 % per g of wet weight of substrate) added to the substrates. Also, wheat straw and wood chips were chopped to either 0.5 or 2 cm. Effectiveness of the fungal treatment after 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 wk of incubation was determined by changes in chemical composition, in vitro gas production (IVGP) as a measure for rumen degradability, and ergosterol content as a measure of fungal biomass.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Incomplete colonization was observed for C. subvermispora treated wheat straw and L. edodes treated wood chips. The different particle sizes and amounts of inoculum tested, had no significant effects on the chemical composition and the IVGP of C. subvermispora treated wood chips. Particle size did influence L. edodes treatment of wheat straw. The L. edodes treatment of 2 cm wheat straw resulted in a more selective delignification and a higher IVGP than the smaller particles. Addition of 1.5 % or 3 % L. edodes inoculum to wheat straw resulted in more selective delignification and a higher IVGP than addition of 0.5 % inoculum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Particle size and amount of inoculum did not have an effect on C. subvermispora treatment of wood chips. At least 1.5 % L. edodes colonized millet grains should be added to 2 cm wheat straw to result in an increased IVGP and acid detergent lignin (ADL) degradation.
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, 6708WD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sandra J A
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: van Kuijk
authors.affiliation: Plant Breeding, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anton S M
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Sonnenberg
authors.affiliation: Plant Breeding, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Johan J P
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Baars
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, 6708WD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wouter H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Hendriks
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, 6708WD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Cone
keywords: Amount of inoculum; Fungal treatment; In vitro rumen degradability; Lignin degradation; Lignocellulosic biomass; Particle size