title: Dietary quality indices in relation to cardiometabolic risk among Finnish children aged 6-8 years - The PANIC study.
abstract: There are no studies on the relationships of dietary quality indices to the clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors in children. We therefore investigated the associations of four dietary quality indices with cardiometabolic risk score and cardiometabolic risk factors in Finnish children.
  
  
  
  Subjects were a population sample of 204 boys and 198 girls aged 6-8 years. We assessed diet by 4-day food records and calculated Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Score, Baltic Sea Diet Score (BSDS), Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), and Finnish Children Healthy Eating Index (FCHEI). We calculated the age- and sex-adjusted cardiometabolic risk score summing up Z-scores for waist circumference, mean of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and concentrations of fasting serum insulin and fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides and HDL cholesterol, the last multiplying by -1. Higher FCHEI was associated with lower cardiometabolic risk score among boys (standardised regression coefficient β = -0.14, P = 0.044) adjusted for age, physical activity, electronic media time and household income. Higher DASH Score was related to a lower serum insulin in boys (β = -0.15, P = 0.028). Higher DASH Score (β = -0.16, P = 0.023) and FCHEI (β = -0.17, P = 0.014) were related to lower triglyceride concentration in boys. Higher FCHEI was associated with lower triglyceride concentration in girls (β = -0.16, P = 0.033). Higher DASH Score (β = -0.19, P = 0.011) and BSDS (β = -0.23, P = 0.001) were associated with lower plasma HDL cholesterol concentration in girls.
  
  
  
  Higher FCHEI was associated with lower cardiometabolic risk among boys, whereas DASH Score, BSDS or MDS were not associated with cardiometabolic risk in children.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Electronic address: aino-maija.eloranta@uef.fi.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Eloranta
authors.affiliation: Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schwab
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Venäläinen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiiskinen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Lakka
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Laaksonen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Lakka
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lindi
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002648:Child; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000072001:Diet, Healthy; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008019:Life Style; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009753:Nutritive Value; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids
keywords: Cardiometabolic risk score; Children; Dietary quality index