title: Effects of Soybean Vein Necrosis Virus on Life History and Host Preference of Its Vector, Neohydatothrips variabilis, and Evaluation of Vector Status of Frankliniella tritici and Frankliniella fusca.
abstract: Soybean vein necrosis virus (SVNV) is an emerging Tospovirus that is now considered to be the most widespread soybean virus in the United States. SVNV is transmitted from plant-to-plant by soybean thrips, Neohydatothrips variabilis (Beach). We hypothesized that a positive interaction between the host plant, SVNV, and the vector may have resulted in the widespread distribution of the virus in a short span of time. Our study found that SVNV-infected N. variabilis females produced significantly more offspring compared with non-infected females. No other life-history trait varied between SVNV-infected and non-infected thrips. There was considerable variation in SVNV copy number in infected thrips ranging from 10(2) -10(6) Moreover, there was a significant negative correlation between SVNV copy number and fecundity in infected N. variabilis This suggests that excessive virus accumulation may result in lower viability of N. variabilis In choice tests, SVNV-infected N. variabilis preferred to feed on non-infected leaflets compared with infected leaflets. Vector competence assays indicated that Frankliniella tritici and Frankliniella fusca can transmit SVNV, but at a lower efficiency than N. variabilis Comparison of life history of between the primary and secondary vectors showed that N. variabilis had the highest fecundity, but F. tritici had the shortest development time and greatest larval survival. Taken together, the increased fecundity of SVNV-infected N. variabilis, their apparent preference for non-infected host plants, in conjunction with the ability of secondary vectors to survive and reproduce on soybean may, in part, explain the rapid spread of SVNV in the United States.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN 46805 (Stacy.Keough@fwcs.k12.in.us; hanj01@ipfw.edu; shumtc01@students.ipfw.edu; kawise@purdue.edu; nachappa@ipfw.edu).
authors.forename: Stacy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keough
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN 46805 (Stacy.Keough@fwcs.k12.in.us; hanj01@ipfw.edu; shumtc01@students.ipfw.edu; kawise@purdue.edu; nachappa@ipfw.edu).
authors.forename: Jinlong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN 46805 (Stacy.Keough@fwcs.k12.in.us; hanj01@ipfw.edu; shumtc01@students.ipfw.edu; kawise@purdue.edu; nachappa@ipfw.edu).
authors.forename: Tyler
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shuman
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University 915 W State Street, W Lafayette, IN 47907.
authors.forename: Kiersten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wise
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN 46805 (Stacy.Keough@fwcs.k12.in.us; hanj01@ipfw.edu; shumtc01@students.ipfw.edu; kawise@purdue.edu; nachappa@ipfw.edu) nachappa@ipfw.edu.
authors.forename: Punya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nachappa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007814:Larva / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology / Q000821:virology; D000071421:Life History Traits; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013025:Glycine max / Q000821:virology*; D013045:Species Specificity; D061149:Thysanoptera / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology* / Q000821:virology*; D017865:Tospovirus / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Soybean vein necrosis virus; life history; preference; qPCR; soybean thrips