title: Stem cell therapy emerging as the key player in treating type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease causing progressive destruction of pancreatic β cells, ultimately resulting in loss of insulin secretion producing hyperglycemia usually affecting children. Replacement of damaged β cells by cell therapy can treat it. Currently available strategies are insulin replacement and islet/pancreas transplantation. Unfortunately these offer rescue for variable duration due to development of autoantibodies. For pancreas/islet transplantation a deceased donor is required and various shortfalls of treatment include quantum, cumbersome technique, immune rejection and limited availability of donors. Stem cell therapy with assistance of cellular reprogramming and β-cell regeneration can open up new therapeutic modalities. The present review describes the history and current knowledge of T1DM, evolution of cell therapies and different cellular therapies to cure this condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Therapy, G.R. Doshi and K.M. Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases & Research Centre, Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Gujarat, India; Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Services and Immunohematology, G.R. Doshi and K.M. Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases & Research Centre, Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Gujarat, India. Electronic address: vanikararuna@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Aruna V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Vanikar
authors.affiliation: Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Therapy, G.R. Doshi and K.M. Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases & Research Centre, Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Gujarat, India; Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, G.R. Doshi and K.M. Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases & Research Centre, Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Hargovind L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Trivedi
authors.affiliation: Department of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Therapy, G.R. Doshi and K.M. Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases & Research Centre, Dr. H.L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Umang G
authors.initials: UG
authors.lastname: Thakkar
mesh_terms: D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology / Q000637:transplantation; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D005947:Glucose
keywords: adult stem cells; induced pluripotent stem cells; insulin-secreting cells; mesenchymal stromal cells; stem cell therapy; type 1 diabetes mellitus