title: Native rhizobia from Zn mining soil promote the growth of Leucaena leucocephala on contaminated soil.
abstract: Plants on contaminated mining soils often show a reduced growth due to nutrient depletion as well as trace elements (TEs) toxicity. Since those conditions threat plant's survival, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs), such as rhizobia, might be of crucial importance for plant colonization on TE-contaminated soils. Native rhizobia from mining soils are promising candidates for bioaugmented phytoremediation of those soils as they are adapted to the specific conditions. In this work, rhizobia from Zn- and Cd-contaminated mining soils were in vitro screened for their PGP features [organic acids, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and siderophore (SID) production; 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity; and Ca3(PO4)2solubilization] and Zn and Cd tolerance. In addition, some type and reference rhizobia strains were included in the study as well. The in vitro screening indicated that rhizobia and other native genera have great potential for phytoremediation purposes, by exerting, besides biological N2fixation, other plant growth-promoting traits. Leucaena leucocephala-Mesorhizobium sp. (UFLA 01-765) showed multielement tolerance and an efficient symbiosis on contaminated soil, decreasing the activities of antioxidative enzymes in shoots. This symbiosis is a promising combination for phytostabilization.
authors.affiliation: a Biology Department , Federal University of Lavras (UFLA) , Lavras , Minas Gerais , Brazil.|b Soil Science Department, Department , Federal University of Lavras (UFLA) , Lavras , Minas Gerais , Brazil.|c Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University , Diepenbeek , Belgium.
authors.forename: Wesley M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Rangel
authors.affiliation: c Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University , Diepenbeek , Belgium.
authors.forename: Sofie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thijs
authors.affiliation: c Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University , Diepenbeek , Belgium.
authors.forename: Jolien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.affiliation: b Soil Science Department, Department , Federal University of Lavras (UFLA) , Lavras , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvia M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Oliveira Longatti
authors.affiliation: b Soil Science Department, Department , Federal University of Lavras (UFLA) , Lavras , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
authors.forename: Daiane S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Bonaldi
authors.affiliation: b Soil Science Department, Department , Federal University of Lavras (UFLA) , Lavras , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
authors.forename: Paula R A
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: c Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University , Diepenbeek , Belgium.
authors.forename: Inge
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jambon
authors.affiliation: c Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University , Diepenbeek , Belgium.
authors.forename: Nele
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Eevers
authors.affiliation: c Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University , Diepenbeek , Belgium.
authors.forename: Nele
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Weyens
authors.affiliation: c Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University , Diepenbeek , Belgium.
authors.forename: Jaco
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vangronsveld
authors.affiliation: b Soil Science Department, Department , Federal University of Lavras (UFLA) , Lavras , Minas Gerais , Brazil.
authors.forename: Fatima M S
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Moreira
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology*; D059128:Mesorhizobium / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000072738:Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D013559:Symbiosis; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D015032:Zinc
keywords: Leguminous plants; biological N2 fixation; plant growth promoting; symbiotic bacteria