title: Dental health care providers' views on child physical abuse in Malaysia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the knowledge, attitudes and experience of a group of Malaysian dental health care providers regarding child physical abuse (CPA) cases in terms of frequency of occurrence, diagnosis, risk factors and reporting.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire was distributed to all dental health care providers attending a national paediatric dentistry conference in Kuantan, Malaysia, and demographical variables, knowledge, attitudes and experience about CPA, risk factors and the reasons for not reporting abuse cases were collected. Descriptive statistics and bivariance analysis were performed. A 5 % level of statistical significance was applied for the analyses (p ≤ 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The response rate was 74.7 %. Half of the respondents (52.8 %) stated that the frequency of occurrence of CPA is common in Malaysia. Full agreement between dental health care providers was not determined concerning the identification of signs of CPA and its risk factors. Although 83.3 % were aware that reporting CPA is a legal requirement in Malaysia, only 14.8 % have reported such cases. Lack of adequate history was the main reason for not reporting. Virtually two-thirds of the respondents (62 %) indicated that they had not received sufficient information about CPA and were willing to be educated on how to diagnose and report child abuse cases (81.5, 78.7 %, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were considerable disparities in respondents' knowledge and attitudes regarding the occurrence, signs of suspected cases, risk factors and reporting of CPA. Despite being aware of such cases, only a handful was reported. Enhancement in the education of Malaysian dental health care providers on recognising and reporting CPA is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 47000, Sg Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia. alaa@salam.uitm.edu.my.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Hussein
authors.affiliation: Centre of Restorative Dentistry studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 47000, Sg Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.|Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Malaysia.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Serdang Hospital, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 47000, Sg Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yusoff
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 47000, Sg Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003797:Dental Staff; D003815:Dentists; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000066550:Physical Abuse / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Child physical abuse; Dental staff; Knowledge; Malaysia