title: Expression of Glypican-4 in the brains of epileptic patients and epileptic animals and its effects on epileptic seizures.
abstract: Glypican-4 (Gpc4) has been found to play an important role in enhancing miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs). But, the relationship between Gpc4 and epilepsy is still a mystery. In this study, we investigated the expression patterns of Gpc4 in patients with epilepsy and in a pilocarpine-induced rat model of epilepsy. We also determined if altered Gpc4 expression resulted in increased susceptibility to seizures. Western blotting and immunofluorescent methods were utilized. Gpc4 was significantly increased in patients and epileptic rats induced by pilocarpine injection. According to behavioral studies, downregulation of Gpc4 by Gpc4 siRNA decreased spontaneous seizure frequency, while upregulation of Gpc4 by recombinant Gpc4 overexpression led to a converse result. These findings support the hypothesis that increased expression of Gpc4 in the brain is associated with epileptic seizures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Yanke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Fangshuo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Binglin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China; Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, China. Electronic address: xfyp@163.com.
authors.forename: Xuefeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D053673:Glypicans / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013045:Species Specificity; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C492044:GPC4 protein, human; D053673:Glypicans; C000619253:Gpc4 protein, rat
keywords: Epilepsy; Epileptic seizure; Glypican-4; Pilocarpine