title: The preventive effects of lifestyle intervention on the occurrence of diabetes mellitus and acute myocardial infarction in metabolic syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Metabolic syndrome (MS), as a precursor of diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular disease, is increasing steadily worldwide. We examined the preventive effects of lifestyle intervention on the occurrence of DM and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in MS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational study on disease occurrence after lifestyle intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  The lifestyle intervention was administered to subjects with MS participating in a metropolitan lifestyle intervention program for 1 year. The same numbers of non-participating age- and sex-matched subjects with MS were randomly extracted from national health examination data. After intervention or examination, new occurrences of hypertension, DM, and AMI were identified through the national health insurance claims data during 1 year. For DM and AMI, multivariate logistic regression analysis for the factors affecting each disease was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the intervention group and the control group (14,918 in each group), the occurrence of hypertension was 555 (6.07%) and 751 (8.33%), the occurrence of DM was 324 (2.55%) and 488 (3.89%), the occurrence of dyslipidemia was 321 (2.59%) and 373 (2.72%), and the occurrence of AMI was 13 (0.09%) and 26 (0.17%), respectively. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, adjusted odds ratios for intervention were 0.752 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.644-0.879) and 0.499 (95% CI: 0.251-0.992) for DM and AMI, respectively, indicating that lifestyle intervention has a preventive effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lifestyle intervention in MS has preventive effects on the occurrence of DM and AMI, and long-term follow-up is needed to evaluate these preventive effects in more detail.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: yoonsj02@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: S-J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: D-S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Y-H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Y-H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Syndrome Management Center of Seoul Metropolitan Government, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Syndrome Management Center of Seoul Metropolitan Government, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: M-S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: K-H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Cancer Policy Branch, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Y A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011314:Preventive Health Services; D015397:Program Evaluation; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Acute myocardial infarction; Diabetes mellitus; Lifestyle intervention; Metabolic syndrome