title: Betatrophin: no relation to glucose metabolism or weight status in obese children before and after lifestyle intervention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The influences of obesity, glucose metabolism, gender, and puberty on betatrophin levels and the longitudinal relationships between weight loss, metabolic changes and betatrophin have not yet been studied in childhood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of weight status (standard deviation score-body mass index (SDS-BMI)), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), gender, and pubertal stage were evaluated in 69 obese children (51% female, age 11.9 ± 2.0 years) participating in lifestyle intervention over a 1-year period. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed in 53 of the 69 children. Twenty normal weight children (50% female, age 12.3 ± 3.0 years) served as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Circulating betatrophin did not differ significantly between obese and lean children (1.99 ± 0.90 vs 2.35 ± 0.28, mean ± SD, P = .155). At baseline, betatrophin did not differ in obese patients with vs without glucose intolerance (1.89 ± 0.96 vs 2.031 ± 0.91 ng/mL; P = .591) and obese with (delta SDS-BMI >0.4) vs without successful obesity intervention (1.89 ± 0.94 vs. 2.07 ± 0.87 ng/mL; P = 0.396). In multiple linear regression analyses, pubertal stage was associated with betatrophin (b: 0.48, P = .027), while gender, age, BMI, blood pressure, fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol were not related to betatrophin at baseline. At the end of the 1-year intervention, changes of betatrophin were not significantly associated with any parameter after controlling for multiple covariates including age and changes of pubertal stages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data do not support a relationship between betatrophin and weight status or glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and lipid metabolism in children.
authors.affiliation: Seattle Children's Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle.
authors.forename: Christian L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.affiliation: Seattle Children's Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle.
authors.forename: Clinton
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Elfers
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Medicine, Vestische Hospital for Children and Adolescents Datteln, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lass
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Medicine, Vestische Hospital for Children and Adolescents Datteln, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Reinehr
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000091306:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 8; D000075802:Angiopoietin-like Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008019:Life Style; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D061217:Weight Reduction Programs
chemical_list: C576683:ANGPTL8 protein, human; D000091306:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 8; D000075802:Angiopoietin-like Proteins; D036361:Peptide Hormones
keywords: LDL cholesterol; betatrophin; childhood obesity; insulin resistance; obesity intervention; weight loss