title: TB biomarkers, TB correlates and human challenge models: New tools for improving assessment of new TB vaccines.
abstract: The 4th Global Forum on TB Vaccines, convened in Shanghai, China, from 21 - 24 April 2015, brought together a wide and diverse community involved in tuberculosis vaccine research and development to discuss the current status of, and future directions for this critical effort. This paper summarizes the sessions on Biomarkers and Correlates, and Human Challenge Models. Summaries of all sessions from the 4th Global Forum are compiled in a special supplement of Tuberculosis. [August 2016, Vol 99, Supp S1, S1-S30].
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: kaufmann@mpiib-berlin.mpg.de.
authors.forename: Stefan H E
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kaufmann
authors.affiliation: Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fortune
authors.affiliation: Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, UK; Animal and Plant Health Agency, Surrey, UK.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pepponi
authors.affiliation: Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Morten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruhwald
authors.affiliation: Aeras, Rockville, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Lewis K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Schrager
authors.affiliation: Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; TuBerculosis Vaccine Initiative (TBVI), Lelystad, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Tom H M
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Ottenhoff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology; D007159:Immunologic Tests / Q000379:methods; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D032581:Tuberculosis Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D014380:Tuberculosis, Bovine / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology; D000097625:HLA-E Antigens
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine; D015415:Biomarkers; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D032581:Tuberculosis Vaccines; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D000097625:HLA-E Antigens
keywords: Biomarker; Cattle tuberculosis; Global gene expression; Human challenge; Immunodiagnosis; Vaccine