title: Modeling Longitudinal Changes in 5 m Sprinting Performance Among Young Male Tennis Players.
abstract: Year-to-year changes in sprinting in youth tennis players were examined in a mixed-longitudinal study (256 male players, aged 10-15 years: 993 measurements). Height (h), body mass (BM), lower limb explosive strength (LLES), and a 5-m sprint were measured over five years. During that period, players were classified as elite or sub-elite. To account for the repeated measurements within the individual nature of longitudinal data, multilevel random effects regression analyses were used. Sprint performance improved with age at each additional 1 year of age, thus predicting ∼.016 sec improvement in five-meter sprint time by all variables of the model. It was possible to predict the performance of elite tennis players in the 5-m sprint (sec) for elite players (1.1493 - (0.0159 ċ centered age) - (0.009 ċ BM) - (0.044 ċ LLES) and sub-elite players (1.1493 - (0.0159 ċ centered age) + 0.0135 - (0.009 ċ BM) - (0.044 ċ LLES) - (0.0557 ċ centered age). Sprint performance differences between elite and sub-elite players was related to longitudinal changes in body size and lower limb strength up until age 13.
authors.affiliation: HAN Sports and Exercise, HAN University of Applied Sciences, the NetherlandsCenter for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.affiliation: Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BPD/100470/2014), PortugalFaculty of Physical Education & Sport, Lusófona University of Humanities & Technologies, PortugalFaculty of Sport Sciences & Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Valente-Dos-Santos
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Portugal m.t.elferink-gemser@umcg.nl.
authors.forename: Manuel J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Coelho-E-Silva
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, USA.
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Malina
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Barbara C H
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Huijgen
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the NetherlandsHAN Sports and Exercise, HAN University of Applied Sciences, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marije T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Elferink-Gemser
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Visscher
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D054874:Athletic Performance; D049628:Body Size / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D013715:Tennis
keywords: developmental trajectories; growth; physical fitness; young athlete; youth sports