title: Incidence of Congenital Heart Disease: The 9-Year Experience of the Guangdong Registry of Congenital Heart Disease, China.
abstract: There are 16.5 million newborns in China annually. However, the incidence of congenital heart disease (CHD) has not been evaluated. In 2004, we launched an active province-wide hospital-based CHD registry in the Guangdong Province of southern China. In this study, we examined the incidence of CHD and its subtypes from 2004 to 2012 and compared our findings to the literature. Our results indicate there is an increasing trend of CHD incidence. The increase in incidence occurred mainly for single lesion and the most common subtypes (e.g., ventricular or atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus). There were no increases found for multiple lesions or more complex subtypes. The proportion of CHD cases that were detected early (e.g., 1 week) increased over time. The incidence of CHD stabilized in 2010-2012 with the average cumulative incidences of 9.7, 9.9, and 11.1 per 1,000 live births at 1 week, 1 month, and 1 year, respectively. The incidences of CHD subtypes were comparable with recent international results. The data did not support previous reports that Asian children have a higher incidence of pulmonary outflow obstructions and lower incidence of transposition of the great arteries. However, there was a lower incidence of left ventricular outflow tract obstructions observed in our series. The increase in CHD incidence observed over time was due to improved detection and diagnosis. The true incidence of CHD in China was approximately 11.1 per 1,000 live births, which is higher than previously reported.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Yanji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, Dongguan Houjie Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Guanchun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Jinzhuang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Yanqiu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Jimei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, Hexian Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Xiangmin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Nie
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004452:Echocardiography; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D012042:Registries