title: Comparison of antioxidant enzyme activities and DNA damage in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes exposed to vanadium.
abstract: The present study was done to elucidate the effects of vanadium (V) on photosynthetic pigments, membrane damage, antioxidant enzymes, protein, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) integrity in the following chickpea genotypes: C-44 (tolerant) and Balkasar (sensitive). Changes in these parameters were strikingly dependent on levels of V, at 60 and 120 mg V L(-1) induced DNA damage in Balkasar only, while photosynthetic pigments and protein were decreased from 15 to 120 mg V L(-1) and membrane was also damaged. It was shown that photosynthetic pigments and protein production declined from 15 to 120 mg V L(-1) and the membrane was also damaged, while DNA damage was not observed at any level of V stress in C-44. Moreover, the antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) were increased in both genotypes of chickpea against V stress; however, more activities were observed in C-44 than Balkasar. The results suggest that DNA damage in sensitive genotypes can be triggered due to exposure of higher vanadium.
authors.affiliation: Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imtiaz
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Muhammad Adnan
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mushtaq
authors.affiliation: Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Muhammad Shahid
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Rizwan
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad Saleem
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Arif
authors.affiliation: CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
authors.forename: Balal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yousaf
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ashraf
authors.affiliation: Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Xiong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shuanglian
authors.affiliation: Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rizwan
authors.affiliation: Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
authors.forename: Sajid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mehmood
authors.affiliation: Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. stu@mail.hzau.edu.cn.|Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Jingzhou, 434023, China. stu@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shuxin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tu
mesh_terms: D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D029863:Cicer / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D005838:Genotype; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D010788:Photosynthesis; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014639:Vanadium / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D010860:Pigments, Biological; D010940:Plant Proteins; D014639:Vanadium; D010544:Peroxidases; D002374:Catalase; D009195:Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Chickpea genotypes; DNA damage; Ion leakage; Photosynthetic pigments; Vanadium