title: Glycerosomes: Use of hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine mixture and its effect on vesicle features and diclofenac skin penetration.
abstract: In this work, diclofenac was encapsulated, as sodium salt, in glycerosomes containing 10, 20 or 30% of glycerol in the water phase with the aim to ameliorate its topical efficacy. Taking into account previous findings, glycerosome formulation was modified, in terms of economic suitability, using a cheap and commercially available mixture of hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine (P90H). P90H glycerosomes were spherical and multilamellar; photon correlation spectroscopy showed that obtained vesicles were ∼131nm, slightly larger and more polydispersed than those made with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) but, surprisingly, they were able to ameliorate the local delivery of diclofenac, which was improved with respect to previous findings, in particular using glycerosomes containing high amount of glycerol (20 and 30%). Finally, this drug delivery system showed a high in vitro biocompatibility toward human keratinocytes.
authors.affiliation: Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Drug Science Division, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Letizia
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Manca
authors.affiliation: Dept. Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza, University of Roma, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cencetti
authors.affiliation: Dept. Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza, University of Roma, Roma, Italy. Electronic address: pietro.matricardi@uniroma1.it.
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Matricardi
authors.affiliation: Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Drug Science Division, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Castangia
authors.affiliation: Icnoderm srl, Sardegna Ricerche Ed.5, 09010 Pula, Cagliari, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaru
authors.affiliation: Dept. Farmacia y Tecnologia Farmaceutica, University of Valencia, 46100-Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Octavio Diez
authors.initials: OD
authors.lastname: Sales
authors.affiliation: Dept. Farmacia y Tecnologia Farmaceutica, University of Valencia, 46100-Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Amparo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nacher
authors.affiliation: Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Drug Science Division, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
authors.forename: Donatella
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Valenti
authors.affiliation: Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Drug Science Division, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Maccioni
authors.affiliation: Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Drug Science Division, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fadda
authors.affiliation: Dept. Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Drug Science Division, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manconi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D005990:Glycerol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006865:Hydrogenation; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013025:Glycine max / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; C585968:phospholipon 90G; D004008:Diclofenac; D005990:Glycerol
keywords: (trans)Dermal drug delivery; DSC; Hydrogenated phospholipid vesicles; Keratinocytes; Pig skin; Rheology