title: [Development and Effects of a Cognitive-behavioral Therapy Based Program in Reducing Internalized Stigma in Patients with Schizophrenia].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was done to develop a internalized stigma reducing program based on cognitive-behavioral therapy and appropriate for patients with schizophrenia and to evaluate its effectiveness.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study design was a mixed method research. Qualitative study, 13 patients with schizophrenia who had experience in overcoming stigma were purposively chosen for interviews and data were analyzed using Giorgi method. Quantitative study, 64 patients with schizophrenia (experimental group=32, control group=32) were recruited. The cognitive-behavioral therapy-based program for reducing internalized stigma in patients with schizophrenia was provided for 8 weeks (12 sessions). Data were collected from June. 20, 2013 to Feb. 14, 2014. Quantitative data were analyzed using χ²-test, t-test, repeated measures ANOVA with the SPSS program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Qualitative results, from the experience of coping with stigma in patients with schizophrenia seventeen themes and five themes-clusters were drawn up. Quantitative results showed that internalized stigma, self-esteem, mental health recovery and quality of life were significantly better in the experimental group compared to the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Study findings indicate that this program for reducing internalized stigma in patients with schizophrenia is effective and can be recommended as a rehabilitation program intervention to help patients with schizophrenia to cope with internalized stigma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Kaya University, Gimhae, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea. jss@pusan.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Seong Sook
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jun
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D016730:Program Development; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011788:Quality of Life; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000451:nursing / Q000628:therapy*; D012649:Self Concept; D057545:Social Stigma; D013240:Stereotyping
keywords: Behavioral therapy; Cognitive therapy; Schizophrenia; Social stigma; Stereotyping