title: Three Novel Alkaloids from Portulaca oleracea L. and Their Anti-inflammatory Effects.
abstract: Three novel carbon skeleton alkaloids, named oleracimine (1), oleracimine A (2), and oleracone A (3), with one novel azulene carbon skeleton compound, oleracone B (4), and one known compound, β-carboline (5), were first isolated from Portulaca oleracea L. The structures were determined using spectroscopic methods, including one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry techniques. In addition, oleracimine (1) was used to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. The results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that oleracimine (1) remarkably inhibited nitric oxide production and could dose-dependently decrease the secretions of interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α, nitric oxide, and prostaglandin E2 in cell culture supernatants as well as the mRNA of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian, Liaoning 116600, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Cui-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian, Liaoning 116600, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yi-Han
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: School of the First Clinic, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhe-Ming
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian, Liaoning 116600, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian, Liaoning 116600, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.affiliation: Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics , Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ming-Zhe
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian, Liaoning 116600, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wen-Jie
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian, Liaoning 116600, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian, Liaoning 116600, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yu-Cong
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian, Liaoning 116600, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xi-Xiang
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Ying
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000276:immunology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031822:Portulaca / Q000737:chemistry*; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2
keywords: Portulaca oleracea L.; alkaloids; anti-inflammatory effects