title: Acute Resveratrol Consumption Improves Neurovascular Coupling Capacity in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Poor cerebral perfusion may contribute to cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We conducted a randomized controlled trial to test the hypothesis that resveratrol can enhance cerebral vasodilator function and thereby alleviate the cognitive deficits in T2DM. We have already reported that acute resveratrol consumption improved cerebrovascular responsiveness (CVR) to hypercapnia. We now report the effects of resveratrol on neurovascular coupling capacity (CVR to cognitive stimuli), cognitive performance and correlations with plasma resveratrol concentrations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six T2DM adults aged 40-80 years were randomized to consume single doses of resveratrol (0, 75, 150 and 300 mg) at weekly intervals. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound was used to monitor changes in blood flow velocity (BFV) during a cognitive test battery. The battery consisted of dual-tasking (finger tapping with both Trail Making task and Serial Subtraction 3 task) and a computerized multi-tasking test that required attending to four tasks simultaneously. CVR to cognitive tasks was calculated as the per cent increase in BFV from pre-test basal to peak mean blood flow velocity and also as the area under the curve for BFV.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to placebo, 75 mg resveratrol significantly improved neurovascular coupling capacity, which correlated with plasma total resveratrol levels. Enhanced performance on the multi-tasking test battery was also evident following 75 mg and 300 mg of resveratrol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  a single 75 mg dose of resveratrol was able to improve neurovascular coupling and cognitive performance in T2DM. Evaluation of benefits of chronic resveratrol supplementation is now warranted.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. rachel.wong@newcastle.edu.au.
authors.forename: Rachel H X
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., P.O. Box 2676, 4002 Basel, Switzerland. daniel.raederstorff@dsm.com.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raederstorff
authors.affiliation: Clinical Nutrition Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia. peter.howe@newcastle.edu.au.
authors.forename: Peter R C
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Howe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001288:Attention; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000069336:Neurovascular Coupling / Q000187:drug effects*; D009517:New South Wales; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014145:Trail Making Test; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D013267:Stilbenes; D000077185:Resveratrol
keywords: cerebral perfusion; cognitive function; multi-tasking; neurovascular coupling; randomized controlled trial; resveratrol; transcranial Doppler ultrasound; type 2 diabetes