title: Paridis Rhizoma Sapoinins attenuates liver fibrosis in rats by regulating the expression of RASAL1/ERK1/2 signal pathway.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Paridis Rhizoma is a Chinese medicinal herb that has been used in liver disease treatment for thousands of years. Our previous studies found that Paridis Rhizoma saponins (PRS) are the critical components of Paridis Rhizoma which has good liver protection effect. However, the anti-hepatic fibrosis effect and the mechanism of PRS have seldom been reported.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the potential of PRS in the treatment of experimental liver fibrosis and the underlying mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  The chemical feature fingerprint of PRS was analyzed by UPLC-PDA. A total of 40 Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the control group, the model group, the PRS high dose group (PRS H) and the PRS low dose group (PRS L) with 10 rats in each group. The model, PRS H and L groups as liver fibrosis models were established with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) method. PRS H and L groups were adopted PRS (300 and 150mg/kgd-1) treatment since the twelfth week of modeling till the sixteenth week. Pathological changes in hepatic tissue were examined using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and MASSON trichrome staining. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to determine the protein expression of the RASAL1. RT-PCR and western blotting were used to detect the expression of ERK1/2 mRNA and protein.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four saponins in PRS were identified from 19 detected chromatographic peaks on UPLC-PDA by comparing to the standard compounds. PRS can improve the degeneration and necrosis of hepatic tissue, reduce the extent of its fibrous hyperplasia according to H&E and MASSON staining detection. As was detected in PRS H and L groups, PRS down-regulated p-ERK1/2 mRNA and RASAL1 protein, and up-regulated the level of p-ERK1/2 mRNA and RASAL1 protein.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrated that PRS can attenuate CCl4-induced liver fibrosis through the regulation of RAS/ERK1/2 signal pathway.
authors.affiliation: Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China. Electronic address: hyan2003@163.com.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Grade 3 Laboratory of TCM Preparation, State Administration of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China. Electronic address: hyquan2003@163.com.
authors.forename: Yan-Quan
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Grade 3 Laboratory of TCM Preparation, State Administration of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China. Electronic address: wyzhmail@163.com.
authors.forename: Yong-Zhong
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Grade 3 Laboratory of TCM Preparation, State Administration of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China. Electronic address: zyfygjr2006@163.com.
authors.forename: Jia-Rong
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Grade 3 Laboratory of TCM Preparation, State Administration of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China. Electronic address: 115373394@qq.com.
authors.forename: Yu-Xin
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Grade 3 Laboratory of TCM Preparation, State Administration of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China. Electronic address: 1210980442@qq.com.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Grade 3 Laboratory of TCM Preparation, State Administration of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China. Electronic address: Xialunzhu1956@163.com.
authors.forename: Lun-Zhu
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Xia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D019610:Cytoprotection; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006965:Hyperplasia; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D008106:Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D000070556:Melanthiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009336:Necrosis; D010766:Phosphorylation; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012503:Saponins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; C000617297:RASAL1 protein, rat; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012503:Saponins; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; C535149:Mapk1 protein, rat; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3
keywords: Liver fibrosis; Paridis Rhizoma saponins (PRS); RASAL1/ERK1/2 signal pathway