title: Differentials and Determinants of Syndrome 'X' and its Role as Coronary Risk among Healthy Middle Aged Indian Army Personnel.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Syndrome 'X', a clustering of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), raised blood pressure, raised serum triglycerides and low HDL-cholesterol, occurring under the influence of insulin resistance and resultant hyperinsulinaemia, has been hypothesised to be a major risk factor for ischaemic heart disease (IHD). However, there is a lack of research based evidence in this field, in our country.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was a cross-sectional analytical epidemiological design of 614 healthy Indian Army personnel, aged 35 years and above, selected by random sampling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study indicated that there is a statistically significant (p < 0.001) clustering between fasting hyperinsulinaemia, raised blood pressure, IGT, raised triglycerides and low HDL. The prevalence of syndrome 'X' was 8.47% (95% CI 6.27% to 10.47%). Initial univariate and subsequent multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression method, indicated that predictors of syndrome 'X' were increasing age, overweight, increasing central (abdominal) obesity, lack of adequate physical exercise and low level of physical fitness. Presence of syndrome 'X' increased the risk of resting ECG changes suggestive of coronary insufficiency (OR = 6.29, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the findings, recommendations for prevention of this syndrome have been submitted.
authors.affiliation: Prof and Head, Dept of PSM, AFMC, Pune 411 040.
authors.forename: Rajvir
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bhalwar
authors.affiliation: Ex-Conslt and Head, Dept of Microbiology, AFMC, Pune.
authors.forename: V C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Ohri
authors.affiliation: Scientist 'F' and Prof, Dept of Biochemistry, AFMC, Pune 411 040.
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Somani
authors.affiliation: Ex -Prof and Head, Dept of Medicine, AFMC, Pune 411 040.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kasthuri
keywords: Coronary Risk factors; Insulin resistance syndrome; Ischaemic heart disease; Military personnel; Syndrome ‘X’