title: Management of Adults With Hospital-acquired and Ventilator-associated Pneumonia: 2016 Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Thoracic Society.
abstract: It is important to realize that guidelines cannot always account for individual variation among patients. They are not intended to supplant physician judgment with respect to particular patients or special clinical situations. IDSA considers adherence to these guidelines to be voluntary, with the ultimate determination regarding their application to be made by the physician in the light of each patient's individual circumstances.These guidelines are intended for use by healthcare professionals who care for patients at risk for hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), including specialists in infectious diseases, pulmonary diseases, critical care, and surgeons, anesthesiologists, hospitalists, and any clinicians and healthcare providers caring for hospitalized patients with nosocomial pneumonia. The panel's recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of HAP and VAP are based upon evidence derived from topic-specific systematic literature reviews.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha.
authors.forename: Andre C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Kalil
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington.
authors.forename: Mark L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Metersky
authors.affiliation: Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klompas
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Critical Care Program, Queens University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Muscedere
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego.
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Sweeney
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook.
authors.forename: Lucy B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Critical Care and Emergency Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
authors.forename: Lena M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Napolitano
authors.affiliation: Department of Critical Care Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda.
authors.forename: Naomi P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: O'Grady
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Bartlett
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases, University of Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carratalà
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University at Buffalo, Veterans Affairs Western New York Healthcare System, New York.
authors.forename: Ali A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: El Solh
authors.affiliation: Thoraxzentrum Ruhrgebiet, Department of Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, EVK Herne and Augusta-Kranken-Anstalt Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ewig
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha.
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Fey
authors.affiliation: Summa Health System, Akron, Ohio.
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: File
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, South Texas Veterans Health Care System and University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio.
authors.forename: Marcos I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Restrepo
authors.affiliation: Burns, Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre, The University of Queensland Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Queensland.
authors.forename: Jason A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
authors.forename: Grant W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Waterer
authors.affiliation: Library and Knowledge Services, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.
authors.forename: Peggy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cruse
authors.affiliation: Library and Knowledge Services, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.
authors.forename: Shandra L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Brozek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D053717:Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents