title: The splicing factor SRSF1 modulates pattern formation by inhibiting transcription of tissue specific genes during embryogenesis.
abstract: Alternative splicing is a major mechanism regulating pattern of gene expression through the production of multiple mRNAs from a single gene transcript. Any misregulation can cause various human diseases and also have severe effects on embryogenesis. SRSF1 is one of the critical factors regulating alternative splicing at many stages of vertebrate development and any disturbance in SRSF1 leads to serious consequences. In current study, we investigated the effects of loss of the SRSF1 gene using antisense morpholino oligonucleotides (MO) in Xenopus embryogenesis. It is evident from the results of RT-PCR and whole-mount in situ hybridization that SRSF1 is a maternal gene having strong expression in head, eyes and central nervous system. Moreover, SRSF1 morphants exhibited malformed phenotypes, including miscoiled guts, heart and cartilage formation, edema in the head and heart, and small eyes. Especially, in SRSF1 morphants, bone cartilage formation was reduced in the brain and Nkx-2.5 expression was dramatically reduced in the heart of SRSF1 morphants. In addition, a dramatic reduction in functional chordin RNA in SRSF1 morphants was observed suggesting that chordin is one of the targets of SRSF1. Thus, we concluded that SRSF1 is an essential factor for pattern formation including heart, cartilage and germ layers through the regulation of specific genes.
authors.affiliation: ABRC, CMRI, School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: ABRC, CMRI, School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Kyung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: ABRC, CMRI, School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
authors.forename: Chowon
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: ABRC, CMRI, School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
authors.forename: Yoo-Kyung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: ABRC, CMRI, School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
authors.forename: Tayaba
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.affiliation: ABRC, CMRI, School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
authors.forename: Youngeun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: ABRC, CMRI, School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyeongyeon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: ABRC, CMRI, School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jeen-Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: ABRC, CMRI, School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
authors.forename: Oh-Shin
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: ABRC, CMRI, School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
authors.forename: Beom Sik
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: ABRC, CMRI, School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Seok
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, South Korea.
authors.forename: Mae-Ja
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538, South Korea. Electronic address: emailds@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Do-Sim
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: ABRC, CMRI, School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea. Electronic address: leeh@knu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Hyun-Shik
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019521:Body Patterning / Q000235:genetics*; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000235:genetics*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000235:genetics*; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000235:genetics*; D000068103:Serine-Arginine Splicing Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000235:genetics*; D014982:Xenopus laevis
chemical_list: C000595779:SRSF1 protein, human; D000068103:Serine-Arginine Splicing Factors
keywords: Chordin; Embryogenesis; Pattern formation; SRSF1; Splicing factor