title: Histone Deacetylases in Cartilage Homeostasis and Osteoarthritis.
abstract: The involvement of the epigenome in complex diseases is becoming increasingly clear and more feasible to study due to new genomic and computational technologies. Moreover, therapies altering the activities of proteins that modify and interpret the epigenome are available to treat cancers and neurological disorders. Many additional uses have been proposed for these drugs based on promising preclinical results, including in arthritis models. Understanding the effects of epigenomic drugs on the skeleton is of interest because of its importance in maintaining overall health and fitness. In this review, we summarize ongoing advancements in how one class of epigenetic modifiers, histone deacetylases (Hdacs), controls normal cartilage development and homeostasis, as well as recent work aimed at understanding the alterations in the expression and activities of these enzymes in osteoarthritis (OA). We also review recent studies utilizing Hdac inhibitors and discuss the potential therapeutic benefits and limitations of these drugs for preventing cartilage destruction in OA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.|Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Lomeli R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Carpio
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. Westendorf.jennifer@mayo.edu.
authors.forename: Jennifer J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Westendorf
mesh_terms: D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000378:metabolism*; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006655:Histone Deacetylases
keywords: Chondrocytes; Epigenetics; Hdac; Hdac inhibitors