title: Refreshing Sleep and Sleep Continuity Determine Perceived Sleep Quality.
abstract: Sleep quality is a construct often measured, employed as an outcome criterion for therapeutic success, but never defined. In two studies we examined appraised good and poor sleep quality in three groups: a control group, individuals with obstructive sleep apnea, and those with insomnia disorder. In Study 1 we used qualitative methodology to examine good and poor sleep quality in 121 individuals. In Study 2 we examined sleep quality in 171 individuals who had not participated in Study 1 and evaluated correlates and predictors of sleep quality. Across all six samples and both qualitative and quantitative methodologies, the daytime experience of feeling refreshed (nonrefreshed) in the morning and the nighttime experience of good (impaired) sleep continuity characterized perceived good and poor sleep. Our results clarify sleep quality as a construct and identify refreshing sleep and sleep continuity as potential clinical and research outcome measures.
authors.affiliation: Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada H3T 1E2; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 0G4.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2289-6405
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Libman
authors.affiliation: Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada H3T 1E2; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 0G4; Dawson College, Montreal, QC, Canada H3Z 1A4.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fichten
authors.affiliation: Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada H3T 1E2; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 0G4.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Creti
authors.affiliation: Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada H3T 1E2.
authors.forename: Kerry
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Conrod
authors.affiliation: Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada H3T 1E2; University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4.
authors.forename: Dieu-Ly
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.affiliation: Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada H3T 1E2; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 0G4.
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grad
authors.affiliation: Dawson College, Montreal, QC, Canada H3Z 1A4.
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jorgensen
authors.affiliation: McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 0G4.
authors.forename: Rhonda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Amsel
authors.affiliation: Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada H3T 1E2; University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada H3T 1J4.
authors.forename: Dorrie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.affiliation: McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 0G4; Mount Sinai Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada H4W 1S7.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baltzan
authors.affiliation: McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 0G4; St. Mary's Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada H3T 1M5.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pavilanis
authors.affiliation: Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada H3T 1E2; McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 0G4.
authors.forename: Sally
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bailes