title: Structural characterization and anti-aging activity of a novel extracellular polysaccharide from fungus Phellinus sp. in a mammalian system.
abstract: Little is known about the chemical structure of purified extracellular polysaccharides from Phellinus sp., a fungal species with known medicinal properties. A combination of IR spectroscopy, methylation analysis and NMR were performed for the structural analysis of a purified extracellular polysaccharide derived from Phellinus sp. culture, denoted as SHP-1, along with an evaluation of the anti-aging effect in vivo of the polysaccharide supplementation. The structure of SHP-1 was established, with a backbone composed of →2,4)-α-d-glucopyranose-(1→ and →2)-β-d-mannopyranose-(1→ and two terminal glucopyranose branches. Biochemical analysis from mammalian animal experiments demonstrated that SHP-1 possesses the ability to enhance antioxidant enzyme activities, such as catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) in serum of d-galactose-aged mice, while reducing lipofuscin levels, another indicator of cell aging, indicating a potential association with anti-aging activities in a dose dependent manner. This compound had a favourable influence on immune organ indices, and a marked amelioration ability of histopathological hepatic lesions such as necrosis, karyolysis and reduced inflammation and apoptosis in mouse hepatocytes. These results suggest that SHP-1 has strong antioxidant activities and a significant protective effect against oxidative stress or hepatotoxicity induced by d-galactose in mice and it could be developed as a food ingredient or a pharmaceutical to prevent many age-associated diseases such as major depressive disorder and hepatotoxicity. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the antioxidant effects of a novel purified exopolysaccharide derived from Phellinus sp.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710055, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China. biomarkuis@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Xiao-Kui
authors.initials: XK
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Dan Dan
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Eric Charles
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dun
authors.forename: Dan Yang
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000737:chemistry*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005690:Galactose; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053824:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 / Q000494:pharmacology; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D053824:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6; C509248:Ptpn6 protein, mouse; D005690:Galactose