title: The role of adipose stem cells in inflammatory bowel disease: From biology to novel therapeutic strategies.
abstract: Inflammatory bowel diseases are an increasing phenomenon in western countries and in growing populations. The physiopathology of these conditions is linked to intestinal stem cells homeostasis and regenerative potential in a chronic inflammatory microenvironment. Patients with IBD present an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC), or colitis associated cancer (CAC). Conventional treatment for IBD target the inflammatory process (and include anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs) with biological agents emerging as a therapeutic approach for non-responders to traditional therapy. Conventional treatment provides scarce results and present severe complications. The intestinal environment may host incoming stem cells, able to engraft in the epithelial damaged sites and differentiate. Therefore, stem cell therapies represent an emerging alternative in inflammatory bowel diseases, with current investigations on the use of haematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells, in particular adipose stem cells, apparently fundamental as regenerators and as immune-modulators. Here, we discuss stem cells in intestinal homeostasis and as therapeutic agents for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.
authors.affiliation: a Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgery and Dental Specialties , School of Medicine and Surgery, Second University of Naples , Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Francesco
authors.affiliation: a Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgery and Dental Specialties , School of Medicine and Surgery, Second University of Naples , Italy.
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.affiliation: b Department of Surgery , Oncology and Gastroenterology, Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Padua University Hospital , Padua , Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zarantonello
authors.affiliation: c Department of Surgery , Regional Center for hpb surgery, Regional Hospital of Treviso , TV , Italy.
authors.forename: Cesare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ruffolo
authors.affiliation: b Department of Surgery , Oncology and Gastroenterology, Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Padua University Hospital , Padua , Italy.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Neri
authors.affiliation: c Department of Surgery , Regional Center for hpb surgery, Regional Hospital of Treviso , TV , Italy.
authors.forename: Nicolò
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bassi
authors.affiliation: d Department of Medicine , Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena , Siena , Italy.|e Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, Temple University , Philadelphia , PA , USA.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giordano
authors.affiliation: b Department of Surgery , Oncology and Gastroenterology, Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Padua University Hospital , Padua , Italy.
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zanus
authors.affiliation: a Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgery and Dental Specialties , School of Medicine and Surgery, Second University of Naples , Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Ferraro
authors.affiliation: b Department of Surgery , Oncology and Gastroenterology, Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Padua University Hospital , Padua , Italy.
authors.forename: Umberto
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Cillo
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Biomarkers; cancer stem cells; cholangiocarcinoma; chronic inflammation; tumor microenvironment