title: Comparison of Pathogenic Mechanisms Underlying Single and Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism Based on Gene Expression Profiling.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE), generally divided into single and recurrent categories, is a common leading cause of morbidity and mortality in a real-world population. This study was aimed to explore the similarities and differences in the mechanisms of single and recurrent VTE.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gene expression data (GSE19151) generated from 63 healthy controls, 32 single, and 38 recurrent VTE patients were analyzed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by Affy package and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology enrichment analysis were performed using database for annotation, visualization, and integrated discovery. Based on the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database, protein-protein interaction network was visualized by Cytoscape, and modules were identified by CFinder. Finally, transcription factor regulatory networks were constructed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Totally, 559 and 294 DEGs were obtained from recurrent and single VTE, respectively. There were 202 upregulated and 58 downregulated genes overlapped between them. Terms of regulation of actin cytoskeleton enriched by downregulated genes and oxidative phosphorylation enriched by upregulated genes were found in 2 types of VTE. Leukocyte transendothelial migration and Jak-STAT signaling pathway were found related with recurrent VTE. In addition, genes including signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) involving in the Jak-STAT signaling pathway were highly connected nodes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Actin cytoskeleton and oxidative phosphorylation may be involved in the common mechanisms of recurrent VTE and single VTE. Leukocyte migration and Jak-STAT signaling pathway and their related genes may be important for the development and recurrence of VTE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular and Lymphatic Surgery, Vascular and Lymphatic Surgery, China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China.
authors.forename: Dejun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
authors.forename: Rutao
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China.
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Clinical Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: The Second Department of General Surgery, Armed Police Corps Hospital in Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhenyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular and Lymphatic Surgery, Vascular and Lymphatic Surgery, China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China.
authors.forename: Dongmei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular and Lymphatic Surgery, Vascular and Lymphatic Surgery, China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China. Electronic address: dujianshi3043@163.com.
authors.forename: Jianshi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Du
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000235:genetics; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000235:genetics; D019295:Computational Biology; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation; D010641:Phenotype; D060066:Protein Interaction Maps; D012008:Recurrence; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D054556:Venous Thromboembolism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult