title: Effects of ischemic preconditioning on short-duration cycling performance.
abstract: It has been demonstrated that ischemic preconditioning (IPC) improves endurance performance. However, the potential benefits during anaerobic events and the mechanism(s) underlying these benefits remain unclear. Fifteen recreational cyclists were assessed to evaluate the effects of IPC of the upper thighs on anaerobic performance, skeletal muscle activation, and metabolic responses during a 60-s sprint performance. After an incremental test and a familiarization visit, subjects were randomly submitted in visits 3 and 4 to a performance protocol preceded by intermittent bilateral cuff inflation (4 × (5 min of blood flow restriction + 5 min reperfusion)) at either 220 mm Hg (IPC) or 20 mm Hg (control). To increase data reliability, each intervention was replicated, which was also in a random manner. In addition to the mean power output, the pulmonary oxygen uptake, blood lactate kinetics, and quadriceps electromyograms (EMGs) were analyzed during performance and throughout 45 min of passive recovery. After IPC, performance was improved by 2.1% compared with control (95% confidence intervals of 0.8% to 3.3%, P = 0.001), followed by increases in (i) the accumulated oxygen deficit, (ii) the amplitude of blood lactate kinetics, (iii) the total amount of oxygen consumed during recovery, and (iv) the overall EMG amplitude (P < 0.05). In addition, the ratio between EMG and power output was higher during the final third of performance after IPC (P < 0.05). These results suggest an increased skeletal muscle activation and a higher anaerobic contribution as the ultimate responses of IPC on short-term exercise performance.
authors.affiliation: Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil.|Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rogério Santos de Oliveira
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.affiliation: Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil.|Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael Alves
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: de Aguiar
authors.affiliation: Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil.|Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tiago
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Turnes
authors.affiliation: Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil.|Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil.
authors.forename: Amadeo Félix
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Salvador
authors.affiliation: Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil.|Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Caputo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004032:Diet; D004576:Electromyography; D006801:Humans; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D015424:Reperfusion; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: EMG de surface; EPOC; V̇O2; V̇O2 responses; accumulated oxygen deficit; agent ergogène; anaerobic exercise; blood lactate kinetics; cinétique du lactate sanguin; déficit accumulé d’oxygène; ergogenic aid; exercice anaérobie; ischemic preconditioning; mean power output; préconditionnement ischémique; puissance moyenne; sprint cycling; sprint en cyclisme; surface EMG