title: Engeletin Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Endometritis in Mice by Inhibiting TLR4-mediated NF-κB Activation.
abstract: Engeletin (dihydrokaempferol 3-rhamnoside) is a flavanonol glycoside. It can be found in the skin of white grapes and white wine and is widely distributed in southeast Asia, and the leaves are used in a tea. Here, we explored the impact of engeletin against the inflammatory reaction in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endometritis mouse model. Engeletin treatment significantly attenuated uterus damage and decreased myeloperoxidase activity. ELISA and qPCR assays showed that engeletin dose-dependently suppressed the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Molecular studies also demonstrated that the levels of iNOS, COX-2, and TLR4, along with their downstream molecules MyD88, IRAK1, TRAF6, and TAK1, were also suppressed by engeletin. In addition, engeletin treatment inhibited NF-κB signaling-pathway activation. Moreover, immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that engeletin suppressed NF-κB-p65 nuclear translocation. These data indicated the protective action of engeletin against LPS-stimulated endometritis in mice via negative regulation of pro-inflammatory mediators via the TLR4-regulated NF-κB pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Haichong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Gan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kangfeng
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chengye
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Changwei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ganzhen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004716:Endometritis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D044948:Flavonols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D006027:Glycosides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000009:adverse effects; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D044948:Flavonols; D006027:Glycosides; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; C493487:Tlr4 protein, mouse; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; C522936:engeletin
keywords: anti-inflammatory; dihydrokaempferol 3-rhamnoside; endometritis; engeletin; flavanonol glycoside