title: Developing and Field Testing a Community Based Youth Initiative to Increase Tuberculosis Awareness in Remote Arctic Inuit Communities.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inuit in Canada have the highest reported tuberculosis (TB) incidence rate in Canada, even higher than other Canadian Indigenous groups. The aim of this study was to increase TB awareness among Inuit youth and their communities by equipping those who can best reach this population with a community based, youth focused, education initiative built on interventions adapted from a previous TB awareness study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Taima TB Youth Education Initiative was a field test case study of a knowledge translation (KT) strategy aimed at community members who provide health education in these communities. In the first stage of this study, interventions from a larger TB awareness campaign were adapted to focus on youth living in remote Inuit communities. During the second stage of the study, investigators field tested the initiative in two isolated Inuit communities. It was then applied by local implementation teams in two other communities. Evaluation criteria included feasibility, acceptability, knowledge uptake and health behavior change.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Implementation of the adapted KT interventions resulted in participation of a total of 41 youth (19 females, 22 males) with an average age of 16 years (range 12-21 years) in four different communities in Nunavut. Community celebration events were attended by 271 community members where TB messaging were presented and discussed. All of the health care workers and community members surveyed reported that the adapted interventions were acceptable and a useful way of learning to some extent. Knowledge uptake measures indicated an average TB knowledge score of 64 out of 100. Local partners in all four communities indicated that they would use the Taima TB Youth Education Initiative again to raise awareness about TB among youth in their communities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The TB awareness interventions adapted for the Taima TB Youth Education Initiative were acceptable to the Inuit communities involved in the study. They resulted in uptake of knowledge among participants. Implementation by local implementation teams was feasible as evidenced by the participation and attendance of youth and community members in all communities. The ability to implement the interventions by local implementation teams indicates there is potential to scale up in other remote communities in the arctic setting.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Gonzalo G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Deborah D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Van Dyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Colquhoun
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Katherine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Moreau
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Sunita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mulpuru
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Ian D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Graham
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001110:Arctic Regions / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education / Q000379:methods* / Q000458:organization & administration; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D004930:Inuit / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult