title: Recovery from optic neuritis attack in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Both neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOsd) and multiple sclerosis (MS) patients experience optic neuritis (ON) attacks characterized by rapidly reduced best-correct visual acuity (BCVA) and slow recovery. Prognosis and effects of recurrence on recovery may differ between disorders but remain unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare ON severity, time and degree of recovery and effects of previous ON between NMOsd and MS patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective chart review was performed. BCVA measurements acquired before ON, at nadir and during recovery were retrospectively reviewed. Records were obtained on 69 ON attacks in 36 NMOsd patients and 43 attacks in 28 MS patients, including first episodes and recurrences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NMOsd patients exhibited significantly lower BCVA values at all time points after attack (P<0.05), reached nadir earlier (P=0.014) and regained a smaller fraction of baseline BCVA than MS patients (P<0.001). In NMOsd, relapsed ON resulted in worse recovery and tended to reach nadir earlier than first-episode ON (P=0.030 and 0.059, respectively). In MS, relapsed ON also reached nadir earlier (P=0.042); however, there was no difference in recovery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recovery from ON was poorer in NMOsd than in MS and was negatively affected by previous ON attacks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan. Electronic address: morim@faculty.chiba-u.jp.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Akiyuki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uzawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muto
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryohei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ohtani
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryutaro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Akiba
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokouchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuwabara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009471:Neuromyelitis Optica / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014792:Visual Acuity; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies; Multiple sclerosis; Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder; Optic neuritis; Prognosis; Visual acuity