title: Severe respiratory failure as a presenting feature of an interstitial lung disease associated with anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS).
abstract: Anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS) is defined as a heterogeneous connective tissue disorder characterized by the association of an interstitial lung disease (ILD) with or without inflammatory myositis with the presence of anti-aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetase antibodies. ILD is one of the major extra-muscular manifestations of polymyositis and dermatomyositis. We report a case of a patient with dyspnea, cough, and intermittent fever as well as ILD associated ASS in the absence of muscular involvement. This patient was admitted to the emergency department with severe respiratory failure requiring non-invasive ventilation. Our patient's case demonstrates that the diagnosis of ASS may not be obvious. However, its diagnosis leads to appropriate and potentially life-saving treatment.
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Diseases Unit ASL4 Chiavarese, Via Terzi 43, 16039 Sestri Levante, Italy.
authors.forename: Ines Maria Grazia
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Piroddi
authors.affiliation: Emergency and Internal Medicine Department ASL4 Chiavarese, Italy.
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ferraioli
authors.affiliation: Hygiene and Health Medicine Unit ASL4 Chiavarese, Italy.
authors.forename: Cornelius
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barlascini
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine Department ASL4 Chiavarese, Italy.
authors.forename: Corrado
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Castagneto
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Diseases Unit ASL4 Chiavarese, Via Terzi 43, 16039 Sestri Levante, Italy. Electronic address: antonellonicolini@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Antonello
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nicolini
mesh_terms: D000604:Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases / Q000276:immunology*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000150:complications*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D000604:Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases
keywords: Anti-synthetase syndrome; Interstitial lung disease; Non-invasive ventilation; Severe respiratory failure