title: The Water Fraction of Calendula officinalis Hydroethanol Extract Stimulates In Vitro and In Vivo Proliferation of Dermal Fibroblasts in Wound Healing.
abstract: The active fraction and/or compounds of Calendula officinalis responsible for wound healing are not known yet. In this work we studied the molecular target of C. officinalis hydroethanol extract (CEE) and its active fraction (water fraction of hydroethanol extract, WCEE) on primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDF). In vivo, CEE or WCEE were topically applied on excisional wounds of BALB/c mice and the rate of wound contraction and immunohistological studies were carried out. We found that CEE and only its WCEE significantly stimulated the proliferation as well as the migration of HDF cells. Also they up-regulate the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in vitro. In vivo, CEE or WCEE treated mice groups showed faster wound healing and increased expression of CTGF and α-SMA compared to placebo control group. The increased expression of both the proteins during granulation phase of wound repair demonstrated the potential role of C. officinalis in wound healing. In addition, HPLC-ESI MS analysis of the active water fraction revealed the presence of two major compounds, rutin and quercetin-3-O-glucoside. Thus, our results showed that C. officinalis potentiated wound healing by stimulating the expression of CTGF and α-SMA and further we identified active compounds. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Manikarna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dinda
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Swagata
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mazumdar
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry (Inorganic Section), Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Saurabh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Das
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry (Inorganic Section), Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Durba
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ganguly
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Uma B
authors.initials: UB
authors.lastname: Dasgupta
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P 1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700 054, India.
authors.forename: Ananya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dutta
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P 1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700 054, India.
authors.forename: Kuladip
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jana
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India. pkarmakar_28@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: Parimal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Karmakar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020838:Calendula / Q000737:chemistry*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D014867:Water
keywords: CTGF; Calendula officinalis hydroethanol extract (CEE); water fraction of Calendula officinalis hydroethanol extract (WCEE); wound healing; α-SMA