title: CD4+ and γδ T Cells are the main Producers of IL-22 and IL-17A in Lymphocytes from Mycobacterium bovis-infected Cattle.
abstract: Gene transcription studies have identified dual roles for the cytokines IL-17A and IL-22 in bovine tuberculosis, where they show potential as both predictors of vaccine success and correlates of infection. To allow for a detailed investigation of the cell populations responsible for production of these cytokines, we have utilised a novel bovine IL-22 specific recombinant antibody for flow cytometry. Bovine tuberculin (PPDB) induced greater IL-22 and IL-17A production in Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis)-infected cattle compared to non-infected controls, while PWM-induced cytokine levels were similar between the two groups. In M. bovis-infected animals, PPDB specific IL-22 and IL-17A responses were observed in both CD4+ T cell and γδ T cell populations. Although both cytokines were detected in both cell types, IL-22/IL-17A double producers were rare and confined mainly to the γδ T cell population. These results support previous gene transcription studies and extend the observation of increased IL-22 and IL-17A responses in M. bovis-infected animals to the level of protein production. We were also able to characterise the cell populations responsible for these disease-related cytokine responses. The data generated can be used to further our understanding of the immunopathology of bovine tuberculosis and to produce more sensitive and specific immune-diagnostic reagents.
authors.affiliation: TB Immunology and Vaccinology, Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Steinbach
authors.affiliation: TB Immunology and Vaccinology, Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: H Martin
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Vordermeier
authors.affiliation: TB Immunology and Vaccinology, Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Gareth J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002417:Cattle; D006801:Humans; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000378:metabolism*; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000378:metabolism; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000502:physiology*; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000276:immunology*; D014380:Tuberculosis, Bovine / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D000097043:Interleukin-22
chemical_list: D020381:Interleukin-17; D007378:Interleukins; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta; D000097043:Interleukin-22