title: Noise enhanced the electrical stimulation-contractile response coupling in isolated mouse heart.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Stochastic resonance is a phenomenon that allows a system to improve its capability to detect stimulus when a limited amount of noise is added to the stimuli. It has experimentally been shown that noise enhances the homeostatic function of the blood pressure regulatory system. This study aimed to investigate whether the noise can enhance the contractile response in the whole heart.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experiments were conducted in isolated mouse hearts (0.040kg, n=8), a Langendorff heart preparation is used to obtain two variables of the contractile response contraction force and heart rate. The contractile response due to an electrical stimulation perturbed with Gaussian noise was recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results show that the intensity of noise induced in the electrical stimuli has an effect on the electrical stimulation-contractile response coupling. With 10% noise induced, the bandwidth where the synchronization effect is presented was increased from (7-11Hz) to (6-12Hz), and the irregular dynamic threshold was changed to 13Hz.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We find that the noise increases the synchronization bandwidth in the electrical stimulation-contractile response coupling. We have experimentally demonstrated the stochastic resonance in isolated mouse heart.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Unidad Monterrey, Vía del Conocimiento 201, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, 66600 Apodaca, NL, México.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peña-Romo
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Unidad Monterrey, Vía del Conocimiento 201, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, 66600 Apodaca, NL, México.
authors.forename: Ana María
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gámez-Méndez
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Unidad Monterrey, Vía del Conocimiento 201, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, 66600 Apodaca, NL, México.
authors.forename: Amelia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ríos
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Unidad Monterrey, Vía del Conocimiento 201, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, 66600 Apodaca, NL, México.
authors.forename: Bruno A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Escalante
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Unidad Monterrey, Vía del Conocimiento 201, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, 66600 Apodaca, NL, México. Electronic address: jrodriguez@cinvestav.mx.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-González
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D009206:Myocardium; D009622:Noise; D013269:Stochastic Processes
keywords: Modes of synchronization; Noise; Stochastic resonance; Synchronization