title: Factors associated with early adoption of the HPV vaccine in US male adolescents include Hispanic ethnicity and receipt of other vaccines.
abstract: Adolescent males' HPV vaccine initiation and completion in the United States is far below the Healthy People 2020 goal of 80% 3-dose completion among boys. In 2012, less than 7% of males ages 13-17 years had completed the 3-dose series. The Diffusion of Innovations framework guided this investigation of factors related to early adoption of HPV vaccination among male adolescents. Provider-validated data from the 2012 National Immunization Survey-Teen (NIS-Teen) for male adolescents ages 13-17 years were analyzed via a multivariable Poisson regression to estimate prevalence ratios for factors associated with HPV vaccine initiation and completion. Adolescent males who are Hispanic and those who are up to date on other recommended adolescent vaccinations were most likely to complete the HPV vaccine. Public health interventions are needed to improve low HPV vaccination rates among adolescent males in the United States. Description of early adopters of the HPV vaccine provides historical context of HPV vaccination acceptance that is needed to inform the design of targeted vaccination interventions to prevent negative HPV-associated outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA; College of Nursing, University of Utah, 10 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
authors.forename: Deanna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kepka
authors.affiliation: Study Design and Biostatistics Center, School of Medicine, University of Utah, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Genetic Science Learning Center, University of Utah, 515 East 100 South, Suite 550, Salt Lake City, Utah 84102, USA.
authors.forename: Amy J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.affiliation: Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA; College of Nursing, University of Utah, 10 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
authors.forename: Echo L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Warner
authors.affiliation: Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA; Study Design and Biostatistics Center, School of Medicine, University of Utah, 295 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
authors.forename: Kenneth M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Boucher
keywords: Adolescent; HPV vaccine; Immunization; NIS-Teen; Young adult