title: YAP promotes erlotinib resistance in human non-small cell lung cancer cells.
abstract: Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a main mediator of the Hippo pathway, which promotes cancer development. Here we show that YAP promotes resistance to erlotinib in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We found that forced YAP overexpression through YAP plasmid transfection promotes erlotinib resistance in HCC827 (exon 19 deletion) cells. In YAP plasmid-transfected HCC827 cells, GTIIC reporter activity and Hippo downstream gene expression of AREG and CTGF increased significantly (P<0.05), as did ERBB3 mRNA expression (P<0.05). GTIIC reporter activity, ERBB3 protein and mRNA expression all increased in HCC827 erlotinib-resistance (ER) cells compared to parental HCC827 cells. Inhibition of YAP by small interfering RNA (siRNA) increased the cytotoxicity of erlotinib to H1975 (L858R+T790M) cells. In YAP siRNA-transfected H1975 cells, GTIIC reporter activity and downstream gene expression of AREG and CTGF decreased significantly (P<0.05). Verteporfin, YAP inhibitor had an effect similar to that of YAP siRNA; it increased sensitivity of H1975 cells to erlotinib and in combination with erlotinib, synergistically reduced migration, invasion and tumor sphere formation abilities in H1975 cells. Our results indicate that YAP promotes erlotinib resistance in the erlotinib-sensitive NSCLC cell line HCC827. Inhibition of YAP by siRNA increases sensitivity of erlotinib-resistant NSCLC cell line H1975 to erlotinib.
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.|Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ping-Chih
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.|Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Affiliated with Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Yi-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.|Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Affiliated with Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wen-Qian
authors.initials: WQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Yu-Cheng
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Zhidong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Yuyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cheng-Ta
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Affiliated with Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Affiliated with Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Jablons
authors.affiliation: Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: You
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000378:metabolism*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000502:physiology*; D000069347:Erlotinib Hydrochloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000091102:YAP-Signaling Proteins
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000091102:YAP-Signaling Proteins; C088374:YAP1 protein, human; D000069347:Erlotinib Hydrochloride
keywords: Hippo pathway; epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) resistance; erlotinib; non-small cell lung cancer; yes-associated protein