title: Thermally Stable Super Ionic Conductor from Carbon Sphere Oxide.
abstract: A highly stable proton conductor has been developed from carbon sphere oxide (CSO). Carbon sphere (CS) generated from sucrose was oxidized successfully to CSO using Hummers' graphite oxidation technique. At room temperature and 90 % relative humidity, the proton conductivity of thin layer CSO on microsized comb electrode was found to be 8.7×10(-3)  S cm(-1) , which is higher than that for a similar graphene oxide (GO) sample (3.4×10(-3)  S cm(-1) ). The activation energy (Ea ) of 0.258 eV suggests that the proton is conducted through the Grotthuss mechanism. The carboxyl functional groups on the CSO surface are primarily responsible for transporting protons. In contrast to conventional carbon-based proton conductors, in which the functional groups decompose around 80 °C, CSO has a stable morphology and functional groups with reproducible proton conductivity up to 400 °C. Even once annealed at different temperatures at high relative humidity, the proton conductivity of CSO remains almost unchanged, whereas significant change is seen with a similar GO sample. After annealing at 100 and 200 °C, the respective proton conductivity of CSO was almost the same, and was about ∼50 % of the proton conductivity at room temperature. Carbon-based solid electrolyte with such high thermal stability and reproducible proton conductivity is desired for practical applications. We expect that a CSO-based proton conductor would be applicable for fuel cells and sensing devices operating under high temperatures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Md Saidul
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.|Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Mohammad Razaul
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Karim
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hatakeyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takehira
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ohtani
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koinuma
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan. hayami@sci.kumamoto-u.ac.jp.|Institute of Pulsed Power Science (IPPS), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan. hayami@sci.kumamoto-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayami
keywords: carbon sphere oxide; proton conductivity; solid state electrolyte; thermal stability