title: Changes of hemoglobin expression in response to hypoxia in a Tibetan schizothoracine fish, Schizopygopsis pylzovi.
abstract: Fishes endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau are comparatively well adapted to aquatic environments with low oxygen partial pressures (hypoxia). Here, we cloned the complete cDNA of hemoglobin (Hb) α and β from the Tibetan schizothoracine fish Schizopygopsis pylzovi, and then investigated changes in Hb mRNA and protein levels in spleen, liver and kidney in response to hypoxia. We applied severe hypoxia (4 h at PO2= 0.6 kPa) and moderate hypoxia (72 h at PO2= 6.0 kPa) to adult S. pylzovi. Changes of Hb expression under hypoxia, together with the investigations of spleen somatic index, kidney somatic index and Hb concentration in circulation, suggest that the kidney may not only serve as the erythropoietic organ, but also act as the major blood reservoir in S. pylzovi. From this perspective, the transcriptional activity of Hb in S. pylzovi, as reflected in the kidney, was turned down quickly after the onset of severe hypoxia, while under moderate hypoxia the transcriptional activity of Hb showed upregulation for a short time, but then the transcriptional machinery was turned down slowly on prolonged exposure. Notably, the changes in Hb protein levels in spleen, liver and kidney in response to severe and moderate hypoxia were not in line with the changes in mRNA levels, which are related with the blood reservoir in the kidney. Tibetan schizothoracine fish, at least S. pylzovi, show a particular response of the transcription regulation of Hb to moderate hypoxia, which is different from that of other fish species.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China.|College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China.|Animal Science Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China.
authors.forename: Mingzhe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China.|Animal Science Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.affiliation: Animal Science Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China.
authors.forename: Jianlei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China.|College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China.
authors.forename: Changzhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Animal Science Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China.
authors.forename: Qinghui
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China.|College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China.|Animal Science Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China.
authors.forename: Yongli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810001, China. guo@nwipb.cas.cn.
authors.forename: Songchang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China. delinqi@126.com.|College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China. delinqi@126.com.
authors.forename: Delin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Qi
mesh_terms: D000220:Adaptation, Biological; D000818:Animals; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003530:Cyprinidae / Q000502:physiology*; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000503:physiopathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D013154:Spleen / Q000378:metabolism; D018609:Tibet
chemical_list: D029941:Fish Proteins; D006454:Hemoglobins
keywords: Expression regulation; Hb concentration; Hemoglobin; Hypoxia; Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau; Schizopygopsis pylzovi