title: Prevalence of dry eye syndrome in residents of surgical specialties.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of dry eye syndrome in a group of Mexican residents of different surgical specialties.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional descriptive study where the residents were studied using the Ocular Surface Disease Index, together with diagnostic tests for dry eye syndrome, such as tear breakup time, Oxford Schema, Schirmer's test I, and meibomian gland dysfunction testing. Statistical analyses were performed by Pearson's chi-squared test for categorical variables and student's t-test for quantitative variables. Any P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and twenty-three residents were included (246 eyes); 90 (73 %) were male and 33 (27 %) were female. The mean age was 27.8 ± 2.1 years. A higher number of residents with dry eye syndrome was found in the cardiothoracic surgery (75 %) and otorhinolaryngology (71 %) specialties; 70 % of them reported ocular symptoms, with teardrop quality involvement in >50 % of them.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found a prevalence of 56 % for mild-to-moderate/severe stages of the condition. Their presence in the operating room predisposes surgical residents to dry eye syndrome because of environmental conditions.
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, Specialties Hospital - Western National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: José Alberto
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Castellanos-González
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, Specialties Hospital - Western National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Torres-Martínez
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, Specialties Hospital - Western National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martínez-Ruiz
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Clinical Epidemiology, Specialties Hospital - Western National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Av. Belisario Dominguez 1000, Col. Independencia, Guadalajara, Jalisco, 44240, Mexico.
authors.forename: Clotilde
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fuentes-Orozco
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Clinical Epidemiology, Specialties Hospital - Western National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Av. Belisario Dominguez 1000, Col. Independencia, Guadalajara, Jalisco, 44240, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rendón-Félix
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Clinical Epidemiology, Specialties Hospital - Western National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Av. Belisario Dominguez 1000, Col. Independencia, Guadalajara, Jalisco, 44240, Mexico.
authors.forename: Leire
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Irusteta-Jiménez
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Clinical Epidemiology, Specialties Hospital - Western National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Av. Belisario Dominguez 1000, Col. Independencia, Guadalajara, Jalisco, 44240, Mexico.
authors.forename: Aída Rebeca
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Márquez-Valdez
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Clinical Epidemiology, Specialties Hospital - Western National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Av. Belisario Dominguez 1000, Col. Independencia, Guadalajara, Jalisco, 44240, Mexico.
authors.forename: José Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cortés-Lares
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Clinical Epidemiology, Specialties Hospital - Western National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Av. Belisario Dominguez 1000, Col. Independencia, Guadalajara, Jalisco, 44240, Mexico. avygail5@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2935-8703
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: González-Ojeda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008537:Meibomian Glands / Q000378:metabolism; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013043:Specialties, Surgical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013666:Tears / Q000378:metabolism
keywords: Dry eye syndrome; Medical residency; Surgical specialties