title: Depression and Schizophrenia: Cause, Consequence, or Trans-diagnostic Issue?
abstract: The presence of depression in schizophrenia has been a challenge to the Kraepelinian dichotomy, with various attempts to save the fundamental distinction including evoking and refining diagnoses such as schizoaffective disorder. But the tectonic plates are shifting. Here we put forward a summary of recent evidence regarding the prevalence, importance, possible aetiological pathways and treatment challenges that recognizing depression in schizophrenia bring. Taken together we propose that depression is more than comorbidity and that increased effective therapeutic attention to mood symptoms will be needed to improve outcomes and to support prevention.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Sciences, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.|Early Intervention Service, Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Upthegrove
authors.affiliation: Mental Health and Wellbeing, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.|Affective Disorder Service, Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership Trust, Coventry, UK.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marwaha
authors.affiliation: Mental Health and Wellbeing, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Birchwood
mesh_terms: D015897:Comorbidity; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: aetiology; depression; psychosis; schizophrenia; transdiagnostic