title: Inorganic arsenic can be potent granulotoxin in mammalian neutrophils in vitro.
abstract: An important outcome arising out of occupational/environmental exposure to arsenic (As) is immunotoxicity. To determine the impact of inorganic As on innate immune cells, effects of a low dose of NaAsO2 (i.e. 20 ng As/ml) on select parameters associated with human and bovine neutrophils (PMN) were evaluated in vitro. PMN isolated from the blood of healthy individuals and cows (n = 8/treatment) were pre-incubated with NaAsO2 for 12 h before effects on PMN phagocytosis, transcription of TLR2, TLR4 and CD64 in human PMN - as well as on phagocytosis-dependent/-independent cell chemiluminescence (CL), phagocytosis and killing of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, PMN H2O2 production and necrosis and TLR4 transcription in bovine PMN - were assessed. Relative to control (no As) PMN, treatment with As significantly decreased phagocytic capacity and CD64 mRNA, but increased TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA, in human PMN. In bovine PMN, while As also led to increased TLR4 mRNA abundance, it resulted in decreases in phagocytosis-dependent and -independent CL, PMN H2O2 production, PMN phagocytosis and killing of both E. coli and S. aureus by PMN. Considering the broad roles of PMN in immunology, the results of these studies increase our understanding of functional consequences of As exposure in inducing immunotoxicity and increasing susceptibility to (infectious) diseases in mammals.
authors.affiliation: a Biochemistry Section, Department of Biology , Payame Noor University of Mashhad , Mashhad , Iran ;
authors.forename: Masumeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taheri
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pathobiology , Immunology and Biotechnology Sections, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , Mashhad , Iran ;
authors.forename: Jalil
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mehrzad
authors.affiliation: c Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran ;
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Afshari
authors.affiliation: a Biochemistry Section, Department of Biology , Payame Noor University of Mashhad , Mashhad , Iran ;
authors.forename: Massoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saleh-Moghaddam
authors.affiliation: d Department of Geology , Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , Mashhad , Iran.
authors.forename: Mohamad Hosein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Mahmudy Gharaie
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001151:Arsenic / Q000276:immunology*; D002417:Cattle; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008297:Male; D008322:Mammals; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*; D010587:Phagocytosis; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000276:immunology*; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D001151:Arsenic
keywords: Chemiluminescence; flow cytometry; inorganic arsenic; necrosis; neutrophils TLR