title: Lethal and sub-lethal effects of Deepwater Horizon slick oil and dispersant on oyster (Crassostrea virginica) larvae.
abstract: In April 2010, crude oil was spilled from the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil platform for 87 days, coincident with the spawning season and recruitment of the oyster, Crassostrea virginica, in the Gulf of Mexico. Impacts of acute exposures to surface-collected DWH oil (HEWAF), dispersed oil (CEWAF) and dispersant alone (Corexit 9500A(®)) on planktonic larval stages of C. virginica (veliger, umbo and pediveliger) were tested in the laboratory. Exposures to HEWAF, CEWAF and dispersant were toxic to larvae impairing growth, settlement success and ultimately survival. Larval growth and settlement were reduced at concentrations of tPAH50 ranging from 1.7 to 106 μg L(-1) for HEWAF and 1.1-35 μg L(-1) for CEWAF, concentrations well within the range of water sampled during the DWH oil spill. Sublethal effects induced by oil and dispersant could have significant ecological implications on oyster populations and on the whole estuarine ecosystem.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (UMR 6539-LEMAR), IUEM-UBO, Technopole Brest Iroise, 29280, Plouzané, France; Department of Marine and Ecological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL, 33965, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vignier
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (UMR 6539-LEMAR), IUEM-UBO, Technopole Brest Iroise, 29280, Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soudant
authors.affiliation: Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS), College of William and Mary, Department of Aquatic Health Sciences, Gloucester Point, 23062, VA, USA.
authors.forename: F L E
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Abt Associates, Boulder, 80302, CO, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.affiliation: Abt Associates, Boulder, 80302, CO, USA.
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Carney
authors.affiliation: Abt Associates, Boulder, 80302, CO, USA.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Lay
authors.affiliation: Abt Associates, Boulder, 80302, CO, USA.
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Krasnec
authors.affiliation: Ifremer, Unité Littoral, Centre Bretagne - ZI de la Pointe du Diable - CS 10070, 29280, Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Robert
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine and Ecological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL, 33965, USA. Electronic address: voletya@uncw.edu.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Volety
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049896:Crassostrea / Q000502:physiology*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010578:Petroleum / Q000633:toxicity*; D059392:Petroleum Pollution; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D010578:Petroleum; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Corexit 9500A(®); Crassostrea virginica; Deepwater Horizon oil spill; Growth; Larvae; PAH; Settlement