title: Fabrication and Magnetic Properties of Sn-Doped ZnO Microstructures via Hydrothermal Method.
abstract: Pure zinc oxide (ZnO) and Sn-doped ZnO hexagonal sheets were synthesized by template free hydrothermal growth mechanism with controlled morphology by using zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(CH₃COO)₂· 2H₂O), tin chloride pentahydrate (SnCl₄ · 5H₂O), Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and H₂O as precursors. The structural, physical, chemical, and magnetic characteristics were investigated by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and alternating gradient magnetometer (AGM), respectively. The average crystalline size of hexagonal phase of ZnO sheets was calculated to be about 34 nm from XRD patterns. Energy dispersive spectroscopy provided the compositional analysis of pure and Sn-doped ZnO. Room temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM) was observed by AGM for pure and Sn-doped ZnO hexagonal plates. RTFM increases monotonically for Sn doping and reaches maximum saturation magnetization 0.045 emu/g for 3% Sn-doped ZnO.
authors.forename: M Hassan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Farooq
authors.forename: Riaz
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: M Zubair
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Usman Ali
authors.initials: UA
authors.lastname: Rana
authors.forename: Salah Ud-Din
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Khan