title: Prevalence of sexual dysfunction and urinary incontinence and associated risk factors in Turkish women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) and urinary incontinence (UI) are associated risk factors that might cause each other. No study has investigated prevalence of FSD and UI in the same population. The aims of the study were to investigate the prevalence of FSD and UI and associated risk factors in the same population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 1217 women in 20 provinces, representing the geographical regions of Turkey. Women aged ≥18 years with active sexual life in the last 6 months were enrolled. FSD, overactive bladder, UI, depression, and sexual distress were investigated using validated scales. Risk factors that might predict FSD and UI were determined in the same population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of FSD and UI was 52.5% and 14.6%, respectively. Comparing the women with and without FSD, those with FSD were older, had higher body mass index (BMI), less physical exercise, older spouses, lower educational level, and lower rates of smoking and alcohol consumption. The rates of women in menopause and those with a spouse/partner having erection problem and the rates of UI, depression, and sexual distress were higher in the FSD group. Age of spouse, low educational level, not smoking, not consuming alcohol, menopause, not giving consent to spouse/partner to use sexual performance-enhancing drugs when necessary, depression, and sexual distress were the significant risk factors for FSD. Of the women with UI, 56% had overactive bladder symptoms, 32% had stress UI, and 12% had mixed type UI. Comparing the women with and without UI, those with UI were older, had higher BMI, lower educational level, and older spouses. The rate of menopausal women and the rates of FSD, depression, and sexual distress were higher in the UI group. Menopause and FSD were the significant risk factors for UI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study to investigate prevalence of FSD and UI in the same population. UI deteriorates sexual functions of women. Therefore, both conditions should be assessed when women complain of either sexual or urinary problems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Mersin School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey. Electronic address: selcayan@mersin.edu.tr.
authors.forename: Selahittin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Çayan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Ankara School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Önder
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Yaman
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Fırat School of Medicine, Elazığ, Turkey.
authors.forename: İrfan
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Orhan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Usta
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Memorial Private Hospital, Andrology Section, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Başar
authors.affiliation: Sütçüimam University School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey.
authors.forename: Sefa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Resim
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ondokuzmayıs University School of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ramazan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aşcı
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Celal Bayar University School of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Bilal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gümüş
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Istanbul, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Andrology Section, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ateş
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kadıoğlu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012735:Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological / Q000453:epidemiology*; D020018:Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016387:Women's Health; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Female; Prevalence; Sexual dysfunctions; Urinary incontinence