title: Influence of pomegranate seed oil and bitter melon aqueous extract on polyunsaturated fatty acids and their lipoxygenase metabolites concentration in serum of rats.
abstract: Competition with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and an impact on eicosanoid biosynthesis may be one of mechanisms of conjugated linolenic acids (CLnA) action. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of diet supplementation with pomegranate seed oil, containing punicic acid (PA)-one of CLnA isomers, and an aqueous extract of dried bitter melon fruits, administered separately or together, on PUFA and their lipoxygenase metabolites' concentration in serum of rats. Percentage share of fatty acids was diversified in relation to applied supplementation. PA was only detected in serum of pomegranate seed oil supplemented group, where it was about 1%. Cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (rumenic acid, RA) level tended to increase in group supplemented simultaneously with both dietary supplements whereas its highest share in total fatty acids pool was detected in group receiving solely bitter melon dried fruits aqueous extract. This indicates that consumption of bitter melon tea significantly increased RA content in fatty acids pool in serum. However, pomegranate seed oil elevated procarcinogenic 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid concentration. Taking into account that pomegranate seed oil and bitter melon dried fruits are dietary supplements accessible worldwide and willingly consumed, the biological significance of this phenomenon should be further investigated. We presume, that there may be a need for some precautions concerning the simultaneous use of these products.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: agnieszka.bialek@wum.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Białek
authors.affiliation: Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jelińska
authors.affiliation: Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tokarz
authors.affiliation: Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pergół
authors.affiliation: Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pinkiewicz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D008084:Lipoxygenase / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D029561:Lythraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D029777:Momordica charantia / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010938:Plant Oils; D014867:Water; D008084:Lipoxygenase
keywords: Bitter melon; Conjugated linolenic acid; HEPE; HETE; HODE; Pomegranate seed oil