title: Partnership capacity for community health improvement plan implementation: findings from a social network analysis.
abstract: Many health departments collaborate with community organizations on community health improvement processes. While a number of resources exist to plan and implement a community health improvement plan (CHIP), little empirical evidence exists on how to leverage and expand partnerships when implementing a CHIP. The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics of the network involved in implementing the CHIP in one large community. The aims of this analysis are to: 1) identify essential network partners (and thereby highlight potential network gaps), 2) gauge current levels of partner involvement, 3) understand and effectively leverage network resources, and 4) enable a data-driven approach for future collaborative network improvements.
  
  
  
  We collected primary data via survey from n = 41 organizations involved in the Health Improvement Partnership of Maricopa County (HIPMC), in Arizona. Using the previously validated Program to Analyze, Record, and Track Networks to Enhance Relationships (PARTNER) tool, organizations provided information on existing ties with other coalition members, including frequency and depth of partnership and eight categories of perceived value/trust of each current partner organization.
  
  
  
  The coalition's overall network had a density score of 30 %, degree centralization score of 73 %, and trust score of 81 %. Network maps are presented to identify existing relationships between HIPMC members according to partnership frequency and intensity, duration of involvement in the coalition, and self-reported contributions to the coalition. Overall, number of ties and other partnership measures were positively correlated with an organization's perceived value and trustworthiness as rated by other coalition members.
  
  
  
  Our study presents a novel use of social network analysis methods to evaluate the coalition of organizations involved in implementing a CHIP in an urban community. The large coalition had relatively low network density but high degree centralization-meaning key organizations link organizations otherwise not tightly partnering. Coalition members rated each other highly on trust, a positive sign for future partnership development efforts. Examination of network maps reveal key organizations that can be targeted for future partnership facilitation and expansion. Future network data collection will enable exploration of longitudinal trends and exploration of network characteristics versus health behavior, status, and outcome changes.
authors.affiliation: School for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Arizona State University, 550 N 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA. mccullough@asu.edu.|Maricopa County Department of Public Health, 4041 N Central Avenue, Phoenix, AZ, 85012, USA. mccullough@asu.edu.
authors.forename: J Mac
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0070-4943
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: McCullough
authors.affiliation: Maricopa County Department of Public Health, 4041 N Central Avenue, Phoenix, AZ, 85012, USA.
authors.forename: Eileen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eisen-Cohen
authors.affiliation: Maricopa County Department of Public Health, 4041 N Central Avenue, Phoenix, AZ, 85012, USA.
authors.forename: S Bianca
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Salas
mesh_terms: D001130:Arizona; D018672:Community Health Planning / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003153:Community Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D006284:Health Plan Implementation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Community health improvement plan; Local health department; Social network analysis