title: Correlation between subclinical hypothyroidism and renal function in patients with diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the incidence of and risk factors for subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), and determine the association of SCH with renal function.
  
  
  METHODS
  T2D patients hospitalized between June 2007 and July 2008 were cross-section ally assessed. Clinical indicators and renal function were compared between the SCH and normal thyroid function groups. Risk factors for SCH and diabetic renal injury (albuminuria) were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subclinical hypothyroidism prevalence was significantly higher in women, with a male to female ratio of 1:2.7. Age (62.56 ± 10.79 vs. 59.09 ± 10.82 years, P = 0.008), systolic blood pressure (138.80 ± 18.85 vs. 131.29 ± 16.97, P = 0.000), TC (5.22 ± 1.20 vs. 4.83 ± 1.03 mmol/L; P = 0.008), LDL-C (3.35 ± 0.96 vs. 3.06 ± 0.87 mmol/L; P = 0.007), creatinine (84.54 ± 47.05 vs. 74.49 ± 29.96 µmol/L; P = 0.01), urinary albumin excretion rate [18.6 (7.58-326.78) vs. 10.69 (5.79-40.8) µg/min; P = 0.001], and thyrotropin [4.92 (4.37-6.27) vs. 1.4 (0.92-2.09) μIU/mL; P = 0.000] were significantly higher in the SCH group; meanwhile, TBIL (12.05 ± 5.20 vs. 13.98 ± 5.32 µmol/L; P = 0.008), DBIL (2.54 ± 1.20 vs. 2.88 ± 1.17 µmol/L; P = 0.033), IDBIL (9.51 ± 4.62 vs. 11.10 ± 4.72 µmol/L; P = 0.013), and total glomerular filtration rate [46.96 (35-68.26) vs. 71.74 (50.13-83.36) mL/min; P = 0.000] were significantly lower in SCH patients. Macroalbuminuria prevalence was significantly higher in the SCH group (18.2 vs. 11.4%; P < 0.001). Interestingly, SBP (OR = 1.050; 95%CI 1.034-1.066; P = 0.000), DR (OR = 5.248; 95%CI 2.816-9.777; P = 0.000), SCH (OR = 2.256; 95%CI 1.184-4.299; P = 0.013), and TC (OR = 1.389; 95%CI 1.108-1.742; P = 0.004) were found to be independent risk factors for macroalbuminuria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings demonstrate an association of SCH with renal injury in diabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Guangran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhiyan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jinkui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015994:Incidence; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: diabetic renal injury; endocrinology; subclinical hypothyroidism; type 2 diabetes mellitus