title: Women in medical education: views and experiences from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although research from Western contexts suggests that considerable inequalities for female medical educators exist in the workplace, we do not yet know the views and experiences of women within non-Western contexts. By examining the influence of context, intersecting identities and language use, this study explores female medical educators' views and experiences of gender, career progression and leadership in academic medicine in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted individual interviews employing narrative interviewing techniques with 25 female medical educators from five schools in the KSA (June to December 2014). Data were analysed using framework analysis and drew on intersectionality theory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants expressed their views and experiences of career progression, leadership and gendered workplace cultures. Women's experiences of career progression and leadership in the KSA were influenced by their gender and varied according to their career stage, work environment and specialty. Participants discussed the gendered organisational cultures of academic medicine in the KSA in terms of gender inequalities (e.g. females being overlooked for leadership positions), gender stereotypes (e.g. women perceived as more likely to take part in shared leadership) and gendered specialties (e.g. surgery being male dominated). We revealed women's more tacit understandings about gender, career progression and leadership by examining how they talk (e.g. metaphoric, pronominal and emotional talk). Finally, participants constructed multiple intersecting personal (e.g. female, mother and young) and professional identities (e.g. doctor, teacher and leader) for themselves through their narratives.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides important new insights into female medical educators' experiences of career progression and leadership in a non-Western context. Investment in the future of women's careers in the KSA through faculty development initiatives and equality and diversity policies is now essential to help close the gender gap.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Lulu
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8403-8588
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Alwazzan
authors.affiliation: HealthPEER (Health Professions Education and Education Research), Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Charlotte E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Rees
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002322:Career Mobility; D004501:Education, Medical; D005180:Faculty, Medical / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D008875:Middle Aged; D015279:Organizational Culture; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D012737:Sex Factors; D063508:Social Discrimination / Q000523:psychology*; D017132:Workplace / Q000523:psychology*