title: Histological Lesions and Cellular Response in the Skin of Alpine Chamois (Rupicapra r. rupicapra) Spontaneously Affected by Sarcoptic Mange.
abstract: Population dynamics of chamois (genus Rupicapra, subfamily Caprinae) can be influenced by infectious diseases epizootics, of which sarcoptic mange is probably the most severe in the Alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra). In this study, skin lesions and cellular inflammatory infiltrates were characterized in 44 Alpine chamois affected by sarcoptic mange. Dermal cellular responses were evaluated in comparison with chamois affected by trombiculosis and controls. In both sarcoptic mange and trombiculosis, a significantly increase of eosinophils, mast cells, T and B lymphocytes, and macrophages was detected. Moreover, in sarcoptic mange significant higher numbers of T lymphocytes and macrophages compared to trombiculosis were observed. Lesions in sarcoptic mange were classified in three grades, according to crusts thickness, correlated with mite counts. Grade 3 represented the most severe form with crust thickness more than 3.5 mm, high number of mites, and severe parakeratosis with diffuse bacteria. Evidence of immediate and delayed hypersensitivity was detected in all three forms associated with diffuse severe epidermal hyperplasia. In grade 3, a significant increase of B lymphocytes was evident compared to grades 1 and 2, while eosinophil counts were significantly higher than in grade 1, but lower than in grade 2 lesions. An involvement of nonprotective Th2 immune response could in part account for severe lesions of grade 3.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Salvadori
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3742-7636
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rocchigiani
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lazzarotti
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Sciences and Public Health, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20132 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1516-1256
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Formenti
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Sciences and Public Health, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20132 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Tiziana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Trogu
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Sciences and Public Health, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20132 Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lanfranchi
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, SCS3 Diagnostica Specialistica e Istopatologia, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2852-3842
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zanardello
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, SCT2 Belluno, Via M. Cappellari 44, 32100 Belluno, Italy.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4482-1295
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Citterio
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1254-5772
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D008924:Mite Infestations / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary; D008925:Mites; D048608:Rupicapra / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D012876:Skin Diseases, Parasitic / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology