title: Random Sampling of Squamate Reptiles in Spanish Natural Reserves Reveals the Presence of Novel Adenoviruses in Lacertids (Family Lacertidae) and Worm Lizards (Amphisbaenia).
abstract: Here, we report the results of a large-scale PCR survey on the prevalence and diversity of adenoviruses (AdVs) in samples collected randomly from free-living reptiles. On the territories of the Guadarrama Mountains National Park in Central Spain and of the Chafarinas Islands in North Africa, cloacal swabs were taken from 318 specimens of eight native species representing five squamate reptilian families. The healthy-looking animals had been captured temporarily for physiological and ethological examinations, after which they were released. We found 22 AdV-positive samples in representatives of three species, all from Central Spain. Sequence analysis of the PCR products revealed the existence of three hitherto unknown AdVs in 11 Carpetane rock lizards (Iberolacerta cyreni), nine Iberian worm lizards (Blanus cinereus), and two Iberian green lizards (Lacerta schreiberi), respectively. Phylogeny inference showed every novel putative virus to be a member of the genus Atadenovirus. This is the very first description of the occurrence of AdVs in amphisbaenian and lacertid hosts. Unlike all squamate atadenoviruses examined previously, two of the novel putative AdVs had A+T rich DNA, a feature generally deemed to mirror previous host switch events. Our results shed new light on the diversity and evolution of atadenoviruses.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 21 Hungária krt., Budapest, H-1143, Hungary.
authors.forename: Leonóra
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Szirovicza
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, C.S.I.C, José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, E-28006, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: López
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, C.S.I.C, José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, E-28006, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Renáta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kopena
authors.affiliation: Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 21 Hungária krt., Budapest, H-1143, Hungary.
authors.forename: Mária
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benkő
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, C.S.I.C, José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, E-28006, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martín
authors.affiliation: Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 21 Hungária krt., Budapest, H-1143, Hungary.
authors.forename: Judit J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Pénzes
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D010802:Phylogeny; D012104:Reptiles / Q000821:virology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA