title: Use of a Gelatin-Thrombin Hemostatic Matrix for Secondary Bleeding After Pediatric Tonsillectomy.
abstract: Secondary posttonsillectomy bleeding associated with oozing from multiple sites or overcauterized tonsillar bed deserves special evaluation.
  
  
  
  To evaluate the use of an absorbable, flowable gelatin-thrombin hemostatic matrix (GTHM) sealant for secondary bleeding after tonsillectomy.
  
  
  
  This was a retrospective data analysis, with information gathered from medical records of pediatric patients with secondary posttonsillectomy bleeding treated with the GTHM between 2012 and 2016 at a referral center and a local satellite facility. Forty-two pediatric patients admitted with secondary bleeding after tonsillectomy characterized by diffuse bleeding, multiple bleeding sites, or an overcauterized tonsillar bed, were treated with GTHM. Exclusion criteria were a bleeding disorder, genetic syndrome associated with abnormal oropharyngeal anatomy, and hemorrhage from a single site.
  
  
  
  GTHM was used to treat posttonsillectomy secondary bleeding.
  
  
  
  Patient medical records were reviewed for information relevant to this study: (1) patient history, the tonsillectomy surgical technique used, and whether there were prior bleeding episodes (and if so, methods of treatment); (2) physical examination and laboratories on presentation, operative report details, and results of treatment; (3) hospital course and whether any further bleeding episodes occurred; and (4) hospital follow-up information (range, 3-20 months).
  
  
  
  The study population comprised 22 boys (52%) and 20 girls (48%) (a total of 42 patients), and the mean (SD) age was 7 (2.7) years (range, 4-14 years). Two patients had presented with recurrent secondary bleeding necessitating multiple operations, but the others had only 1 episode. The mean day of occurrence of bleeding was on the eighth day (range, day 7-12; median, day 10). Only 2 patients required blood transfusions: they were the same patients who underwent multiple operations for recurrent episodes of secondary bleeding. All patients except for 1 (41 of 42) were discharged without further bleeding following treatment. No adverse effects were reported.
  
  
  
  Results suggest that GTHM is generally simple, safe, and effective for use in the treatment of posttonsillectomy secondary bleeding types not associated with a direct vein or artery source but oozing from multiple sites and/or overcauterized tonsillar bed that cannot be stopped by traditional hemostatic methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Marmara University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Adem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Binnetoglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Marmara University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Berat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Marmara University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali Cemal
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Yumusakhuylu
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Marmara University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tekin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baglam
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Marmara University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sari
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005780:Gelatin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013917:Thrombin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014068:Tonsillectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D006490:Hemostatics; D005780:Gelatin; D013917:Thrombin