title: Performance of plasma calprotectin as a biomarker of early sepsis: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the performance of plasma calprotectin as a marker of sepsis on intensive care unit (ICU) admission and as a marker of mortality day 30 post-ICU admission.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive ICU patients were allocated to: sepsis (n = 15), postoperative inflammation (n = 23) and intoxication without inflammation (n = 7) groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Calprotectin was 4.3 (2.6-8.2; mg/l; median [interquartile range]) in the sepsis, 2.8 (1.6-4.4) in the postoperative and 0.7 (0.4-1.6) in the intoxication groups. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for sepsis versus intoxication group was: 0.95, for sepsis versus postoperative groups: 0.65 and for survivors versus nonsurvivors: 0.70.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Calprotectin was a sensitive marker of systemic inflammation, is a potential sepsis marker and performed well as mortality predictor in this pilot study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences/Anaesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Simm
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences/Anaesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Söderberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences/Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care & Surgical Services, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castegren
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences/Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nilsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences/Anaesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mats
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.affiliation: Hedenstierna laboratory, Department of Surgical Sciences/Anaesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Miklos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lipcsey
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019540:Area Under Curve; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012372:ROC Curve; D018805:Sepsis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
keywords: calprotectin; sepsis; systemic inflammatory response syndrome