title: The effect of heat treatment simulating porcelain firing processes on titanium corrosion resistance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Corrosion resistance of titanium used in metal-ceramic restorations in manufacturing is based on the presence of oxide layer on the metal surface. The procedures used during combining metallic material with porcelain may affect the changes in oxide layers structure, and thus anticorrosive properties of metallic material. The aim of the study was an evaluation of potential changes in the structure and selected corrosion properties of titanium after sandblasting and thermal treatment applicable to the processes of ceramics fusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Milled titanium elements were subjected to a few variants of the processes typical of ceramics fusion and studied in terms of resistance to electrochemical corrosion. The study included the OCP changes over time, measurements of Icorr, Ecorr and Rp as well as potentiodynamic examinations. Surface microstructure and chemical composition were analyzed using SEM and EDS methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results obtained allow us to conclude that the processes corresponding to ceramic oxidation and fusion on titanium in the variants used in the study do not cause deterioration of its anticorrosive properties, and partially enhance the resistance. This depends on the quality of oxide layers structure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Titanium elements treated by porcelain firing processes do not lose their corrosion resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sokołowski
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials Engineering, Technical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rylska
authors.affiliation: Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sokołowski
mesh_terms: D003343:Corrosion; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000737:chemistry*; D004560:Electricity; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012996:Solutions; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D012996:Solutions; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D014025:Titanium