title: Drug-based pain management in people with dementia after hip or pelvic fractures: a systematic review protocol.
abstract: Studies show that people with dementia do not receive the same amount of analgesia after a hip or pelvic fracture compared to those without cognitive impairment. However, there is no systematic review that shows to what extent and how drug-based pain management is performed for people with dementia following a hip or pelvic fracture. The aim of this systematic review is to identify studies addressing drug-based pain management for people with dementia who have had a hip or pelvic fracture for which they had either an operation or conservative treatment. We will analyse to what extent and how the drug-based pain treatment for people with dementia is performed across all settings and how it is assessed in the studies.
  
  
  
  The development of this systematic review protocol was guided by the PRISMA-P requirements, which will be taken into consideration during the review procedure. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Knowledge and ScienceDirect will be searched, using keywords such as "analgesia", "dementia", "cognitive impairment", "pain treatment", "hip fracture" or "pelvic fracture". Publications published up to January 2016 will be included. The data extraction and a content analysis will be carried out systematically, followed by a critical appraisal.
  
  
  
  This review will provide a valuable overview on the current evidence on drug-based pain management for PwD in all settings who were conservatively treated after a hip or pelvic fracture. The review may expose a need to enhance pain management for PwD. It may also provide motivation for healthcare providers and policymakers to give this topic their attention and to facilitate further research by considering aspects of care transitions in all settings.
  
  
  
  PROSPERO CRD42016037309.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Faculty of Medicine, Economics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany. silke.kuske@ddz.uni-duesseldorf.de.|Paul Langerhans Group for Health Services Research and Health Economics, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany. silke.kuske@ddz.uni-duesseldorf.de.|Fliedner Fachhochschule, University of Applied Sciences, Geschwister-Aufricht-Straße 9, 40489, Düsseldorf, Germany. silke.kuske@ddz.uni-duesseldorf.de.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuske
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Faculty of Medicine, Economics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moschinski
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Faculty of Medicine, Economics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.|Paul Langerhans Group for Health Services Research and Health Economics, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Andrich
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Faculty of Medicine, Economics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.|Department of Nursing, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stephan
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Faculty of Medicine, Economics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.|Institute of Nursing Science and Education, Paracelsus Medicine University, Salzburg, Austria.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gnass
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Nursing Science, Vallendar Philisophic-Theological College, Palottistraße 3, 56179, Vallendar, Germany.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sirsch
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Faculty of Medicine, Economics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.|Paul Langerhans Group for Health Services Research and Health Economics, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University, Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.|German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Icks
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001842:Bone and Bones; D003072:Cognition Disorders; D003704:Dementia; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000150:complications*; D006615:Hip; D006620:Hip Fractures; D006801:Humans; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D059408:Pain Management; D010384:Pelvic Bones; D012107:Research Design; D000078202:Systematic Reviews as Topic
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics
keywords: Alzheimer; Analgesics; Cognitive disorders; Cognitive impairment; Dementia; Drugs; Hip fractures; Pain management; Pelvic fractures