title: Everolimus in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors of the respiratory and gastroenteropancreatic systems.
abstract: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a rare diverse group of malignancies occurring most commonly in the gastroenteropancreatic system and the lungs. The incidence of NETs is increasing worldwide; median survival for patients with metastatic NETs is 5-65 months. A growing body of evidence shows survival benefit in patients with advanced NETs (gastroenteropancreatic and lung) treated with mTOR inhibitor everolimus, with improvement in survival being demonstrated in the clinical trial and real-world setting. Everolimus has been shown to have a manageable safety profile, with the most common adverse events being stomatitis, rash, diarrhea, fatigue and infections. Due to the rarity of the condition, there are challenges in conducting clinical trials in these patients. Further research is required to clarify the role of adjuvant therapy, treatment sequencing and the use of multimodality treatments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Flaum
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.|Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Juan W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Valle
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Wasat
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mansoor
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.|Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Mairéad G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: McNamara
mesh_terms: D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D000068338:Everolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D000068338:Everolimus; D020123:Sirolimus
keywords: carcinoid; everolimus; lung NET; mTOR inhibitor; metastatic; neuroendocrine tumor; pancreatic; targeted therapy