title: Liquid crystalline nanoparticles encapsulating cisplatin and docetaxel combination for targeted therapy of breast cancer.
abstract: Cancer remains a leading cause of death. A combination of anticancer agents can effectively kill cancer through multiple pathways; however, improvements to their delivery are needed. Hence, docetaxel and cisplatin-loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles with folic acid were prepared for effective and targeted anticancer therapy. Notably, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin/cisplatin complexes in 0.9% NaCl solution were used for the prevention of possible aquation of cisplatin, which would otherwise lead to severe adverse effects. The optimized nanoparticles exhibited small particle size, high drug loading capacity (>90%), and controlled drug release profiles. In vitro cell cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that the optimized nanoparticles were taken up by folate receptor-expressing cells to a greater extent than non-folate expressing cells, which is attributable to folate-specific endocytosis of the optimized nanoparticles. Enhanced expression of apoptotic markers (Bax, p21, and cleaved caspase-3) along with enhanced anti-migration effects in MDA-MB-231 cells following treatment suggests that the optimized nanoparticles provide an effective treatment for metastatic breast cancer. These results were further supported by in vivo findings obtained for a MDA-MB-231 tumor xenograft model. Altogether, the optimized nanoparticles may potentially be developed as an effective treatment modality for folate-targeted metastatic breast cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 712-749, South Korea. csyong@yu.ac.kr jongohkim@yu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Raj Kumar
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Thapa
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 712-749, South Korea. csyong@yu.ac.kr jongohkim@yu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Ju Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 712-749, South Korea. csyong@yu.ac.kr jongohkim@yu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Biki
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 712-749, South Korea. csyong@yu.ac.kr jongohkim@yu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Thiruganesh
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ramasamy
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 712-749, South Korea. csyong@yu.ac.kr jongohkim@yu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Bijay Kumar
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Poudel
authors.affiliation: College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 712-702, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sae Kwang
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, SunKyunKwan University, 300 Cheoncheon-dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 440-746, South Korea.
authors.forename: Yu Seok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Youn
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 426-791, South Korea. hangon@hanyang.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Han Gon
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 712-749, South Korea. csyong@yu.ac.kr jongohkim@yu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Chul Soon
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsanbuk-do, 712-749, South Korea. csyong@yu.ac.kr jongohkim@yu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jong Oh
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D000077143:Docetaxel; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D043823:Taxoids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D043823:Taxoids; D000077143:Docetaxel; D002945:Cisplatin