title: The Plant-Derived Naphthoquinone Droserone Inhibits In Vitro Measles Virus Infection.
abstract: The naphthoquinone droserone (1) is a natural product occurring in dicotyledonous plants. We have now observed that the addition of1during infection of tissue culture cells with measles virus considerably reduced the infection. Interestingly, the infection was inhibited only when droserone (1) was added during virus entry, but not when added to the cells prior to virus uptake or after virus uptake. These findings suggest that1interacts with viral particles to reduce infectivity. The formation of progeny measles virus particles was inhibited to 50 % by droserone (1) at a concentration (IC50) of approximately 2 µM with a half-maximal cytotoxicity (CC50) of about 60 µM for Vero cells. Other tested naphthoquinone derivatives, among them the likewise natural plumbagin (2), but also synthetic analogs, were either more cytotoxic or not as effective as1. Thus, our data do not support the development of naphthoquinone derivatives into antiviral compounds, but suggest that they may be interesting research tools to study measles virus entry into cells.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lieberherr
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Guoliang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Anika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grafen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Singethan
authors.affiliation: Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kendl
authors.affiliation: Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Valentin
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vogt
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bringmann
authors.affiliation: Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schneider-Schaulies
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D045603:Dioncophyllaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry; D008457:Measles / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008459:Measles virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014709:Vero Cells
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D009285:Naphthoquinones; C014758:plumbagin