title: Alcohol misuse in emerging adulthood: Association of dopamine and serotonin receptor genes with impulsivity-related cognition.
abstract: Impulsivity predicts alcohol misuse and risk for alcohol use disorder. Cognition mediates much of this association. Genes also account for a large amount of variance in alcohol misuse, with dopamine and serotonin receptor genes of particular interest, because of their role in motivated behavior. The precise psychological mechanisms through which such genes confer risk is unclear. Trait impulsivity conveys risk for alcohol misuse by influencing two distinct domains of cognition: beliefs about the reinforcing effects of alcohol consumption (positive alcohol expectancy) and the perceived ability to resist it (drinking refusal self-efficacy). This study investigated the effect of the dopamine-related polymorphism in the DRD2/ANKK1 gene (rs1800497) and a serotonin-related polymorphism in the HTR2A gene (rs6313) on associations between impulsivity, cognition, and alcohol misuse in 120 emerging adults (18-21years). HTR2A predicted lower positive alcohol expectancy, higher refusal self-efficacy, and lower alcohol misuse. However, neither polymorphism moderated the linkages between impulsivity, cognition, and alcohol misuse. This is the first report of an association between HTR2A and alcohol-related cognition. Theoretically-driven biopsychosocial models have potential to elucidate the specific cognitive mechanisms through which distal risk factors like genes and temperament affect alcohol misuse in emerging adulthood.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, K Floor, Mental Health Centre, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia.
authors.forename: Talia E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Leamy
authors.affiliation: Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, K Floor, Mental Health Centre, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia; Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, K Floor, Mental Health Centre, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia.
authors.forename: Jason P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Connor
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia.
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Voisey
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia; Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Queensland 4059, Australia.
authors.forename: Ross McD
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, K Floor, Mental Health Centre, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia. Electronic address: m.gullo@uq.edu.au.
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gullo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000067292:Alcohol Drinking in College; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000235:genetics*; D003071:Cognition; D004298:Dopamine / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000235:genetics*; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin / Q000235:genetics; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C581293:DRD2 protein, human; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin; C489948:ANKK1 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D004298:Dopamine
keywords: ANKK1; Alcohol expectancy; Drinking refusal self-efficacy; HTR2A; Rash impulsiveness; Reward drive