title: Effects of Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction on Infarcted Cerebral Cortical Neurons: Suppression of the Inflammatory Response following Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion in a Rat Model.
abstract: The mechanisms by which Shaoyao-Gancao decoction (SGD) inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines in serum and brain tissue after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CI-RP) in rats were investigated. A right middle cerebral artery occlusion was used to induce CI-RP after which the rats were divided into model (n = 39), SGD (n = 28), clopidogrel (n = 25) and sham operated (n = 34) groups. The Bederson scale was used to evaluate changes in behavioral indices. The levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-10, RANTES, VEGF, and TGF-β1 in the serum and infarcted brain tissues were measured. Nissl body and immunohistochemical staining methods were used to detect biochemical changes in neurons, microglial cells, and astrocytes. Serum levels of VEGF, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-1β, and IL-10 increased significantly 24 h after CI-RP. In brain tissue, levels of TNF-α and IL-1β significantly increased 24 h after CI-RP, whereas levels of TGF-β1 and MCP-1 were significantly higher 96 h after CI-RP (P < 0.05). SGD or clopidogrel after CI-RP reduced TNF-α and IL-1β levels in brain tissue and serum levels of MCP-1, IL-1β, and IL-10. SGD increased the number of NeuN-positive cells in infarcted brain tissue and reduced the number of IBA1-positive and GFAP-positive cells. The efficacy of SGD was significantly higher than that of clopidogrel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai Clinical Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 966, Huaihai Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9645-2199
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, No. 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
authors.forename: Xinling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai Clinical Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 966, Huaihai Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai Clinical Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 966, Huaihai Road, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Jiao Tong University, No. 280, Chongqing South Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
authors.forename: Guofeng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Punan Hospital, No. 519, Pudong New Area South Wharf Road, Shanghai 200125, China.
authors.forename: Zhongju
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Dahua Hospital, No. 903, Old Humin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200237, China.
authors.forename: Jingye
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000097:blood; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000097:blood; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D017628:Microglia / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015424:Reperfusion / Q000379:methods; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000097:blood; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C491766:Ccl2 protein, rat; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C499903:jackyakamcho-tang; D016753:Interleukin-10