title: Lutein, Zeaxanthin and Meso-zeaxanthin Supplementation Associated with Macular Pigment Optical Density.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of lutein, zeaxanthin and meso-zeaxanthin on macular pigment optical density (MPOD) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) among patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and healthy subjects. Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases was searched through May 2016. Meta-analysis was conducted to obtain adjusted weighted mean differences (WMD) for intervention-versus-placebo group about the change of MPOD between baseline and terminal point. Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between the changes in MPOD and blood xanthophyll carotenoids or baseline MPOD levels. Twenty RCTs involving 938 AMD patients and 826 healthy subjects were identified. Xanthophyll carotenoids supplementation was associated with significant increase in MPOD in AMD patients (WMD, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.11) and healthy subjects (WMD, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.14). Stratified analysis showed a greater increase in MPOD among trials supplemented and combined with meso-zeaxanthin. Additionally, the changes in MPOD were related with baseline MPOD levels (rAMD = -0.43, p = 0.06; rhealthy subjects = -0.71, p < 0.001) and blood xanthophyll carotenoids concentration (rAMD = 0.40, p = 0.07; rhealthy subjects = 0.33, p = 0.05). This meta-analysis revealed that lutein, zeaxanthin and meso-zeaxanthin supplementation improved MPOD both in AMD patients and healthy subjects with a dose-response relationship.
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China. male@mail.xjtu.edu.cn.|School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China. male@mail.xjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China. liu.rong@stu.xjtu.edu.cn.|The 3201 Hospital, Xi'an Jiao tong University College of Medicine, 783 Tianhan Road, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China. liu.rong@stu.xjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: The Ninth Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, 151 East of South Second Ring Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China. djh79918@163.com.
authors.forename: Jun Hui
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: The 3201 Hospital, Xi'an Jiao tong University College of Medicine, 783 Tianhan Road, Hanzhong 723000, Shaanxi, China. taoliustone@163.com.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yongan Road, Beijing 100050, China. wss@bjmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shan Shan
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China. liuxiaoh@mail.xjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiao Hong
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000009:adverse effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D014975:Lutein / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D065348:Macular Pigment / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015854:Up-Regulation; D065146:Zeaxanthins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D065348:Macular Pigment; D065146:Zeaxanthins; C584722:meso-zeaxanthin; D014975:Lutein
keywords: lutein; macular pigment optical density; meso-zeaxanthin; zeaxanthin