title: Contrast Enema and Risk of Sepsis in Premature Babies: A 12-Year Retrospective Study.
abstract: ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the association between contrast enema (CE) and clinical sepsis (CS) in premature babies (PB) and the role of antibiotics (ABs) in its prevention.Study DesignA retrospective electronic chart review of preterm babies, who underwent CE during their stay in the neonatal intensive care unit. Group I includes CEs of babies exposed to AB during or within 48 hours of the procedure. Group II represents CEs of babies, not exposed to AB. Variables for both groups were collected and analyzed.ResultsThere were 161 CEs performed in 133 babies. The overall incidence of CS after CE in preterm babies was 21/160 cases (13%). The incidence was significantly lower in Group I (1/79, 1.2%), compared with Group II (20/81, 24.7%) (p< 0.001). Six (30%) of the 20 babies from Group II had positive blood culture and all 20 required AB after the CE. There were no statistical differences in the variables between the two groups.ConclusionThere is a possible association between CE and CS in preterm babies. ABs given during or before the procedure prevent this complication.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Maimonides Infants and Children's Hospital, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Arpit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Maimonides Infants and Children's Hospital, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Frederick
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ogwara
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Maimonides Infants and Children's Hospital, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Homel
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Maimonides Infants and Children's Hospital, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.
authors.forename: Panayot
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Filipov
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001466:Barium Sulfate / Q000009:adverse effects; D000071997:Blood Culture; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects; D004733:Enema / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D018805:Sepsis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003287:Contrast Media; D001466:Barium Sulfate