title: Role of lipids in the metabolism and activation of immune cells.
abstract: Immune cell plasticity has extensive implications in the pathogenesis and resolution of metabolic disorders, cancers, autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammatory disorders. Over the past decade, nutritional status has been discovered to influence the immune response. In metabolic disorders such as obesity, immune cells interact with various classes of lipids, which are capable of controlling the plasticity of macrophages and T lymphocytes. The purpose of this review is to discuss lipids and their impact on innate and adaptive immune responses, focusing on two areas: (1) the impact of altering lipid metabolism on immune cell activation, differentiation and function and (2) the mechanism by which lipids such as cholesterol and fatty acids regulate immune cell plasticity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Merla J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hubler
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA. Electronic address: arion.kennedy@vanderbilt.edu.
authors.forename: Arion J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kennedy
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000066670:Cell Plasticity; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018448:Models, Immunological; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats
keywords: Fatty acids; Inflammation; Macrophages; Oxysterols; T lymphocytes