title: Parental attachment insecurity and parenting stress: The mediating role of parents' perceived impact of children's diabetes on the family.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Caring for a child with diabetes is a demanding and potentially stressful task for parents. Although secure attachment can be considered a resilience factor that helps an individual to cope with stressful life events, the idea that secure parents are better able to cope with a child's chronic health condition, such as diabetes, has rarely been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether attachment-related anxiety and avoidance are associated with parenting stress in parents of children and adolescents with diabetes and whether this association is mediated by parents' perception of the impact of diabetes on the family and moderated by children's age and duration of diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 105 parents (92.4% mothers) completed self-report measures of attachment, parenting stress, and perceived impact.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher levels of attachment avoidance (but not anxiety) were associated with higher levels of parenting stress through an increased negative perception of the impact of diabetes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that parents with higher levels of avoidance are at higher risk of experiencing greater parenting stress and perceiving their child's condition as more burdensome. (PsycINFO Database Record
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1487-0539
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra.
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Canavarro
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000523:psychology; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D010465:Perception; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires