title: Multidisciplinary approaches to stimulate wound healing.
abstract: New civil wars and waves of terrorism are causing crucial social changes, with consequences in all fields, including health care. In particular, skin injuries are evolving as an epidemic issue. From a physiological standpoint, although wound repair takes place more rapidly in the skin than in other tissues, it is still a complex organ to reconstruct. Genetic and clinical variables, such as diabetes, smoking, and inflammatory/immunological pathologies, are also important risk factors limiting the regenerative potential of many therapeutic applications. Therefore, optimization of current clinical strategies is critical. Here, we summarize the current state of the field by focusing on stem cell therapy applications in wound healing, with an emphasis on current clinical approaches being developed. These involve protocols for the ex vivo expansion of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells by means of a patented Good Manufacturing Practice-compliant platelet lysate. Combinations of multiple strategies, including genetic modifications and stem cells, biomimetic scaffolds, and novel vehicles, such as nanoparticles, are also discussed as future approaches.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy. rita.businaro@uniroma1.it.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Businaro
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy.
authors.forename: Mariangela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Corsi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy.
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Di Raimo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marasco
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Debra L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Laskin
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Salvati
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Capoano
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical, Histological, Legal Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Serafino
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ricci
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy.
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Siciliano
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy.
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Frati
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: De Falco
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000502:physiology / Q000637:transplantation; D000818:Animals; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D012867:Skin / Q000293:injuries* / Q000503:physiopathology; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: mesenchymal stem cells; platelet lysate; skin; wound healing