title: A method for exploring implicit concept relatedness in biomedical knowledge network.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Biomedical information and knowledge, structural and non-structural, stored in different repositories can be semantically connected to form a hybrid knowledge network. How to compute relatedness between concepts and discover valuable but implicit information or knowledge from it effectively and efficiently is of paramount importance for precision medicine, and a major challenge facing the biomedical research community.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, a hybrid biomedical knowledge network is constructed by linking concepts across multiple biomedical ontologies as well as non-structural biomedical knowledge sources. To discover implicit relatedness between concepts in ontologies for which potentially valuable relationships (implicit knowledge) may exist, we developed a Multi-Ontology Relatedness Model (MORM) within the knowledge network, for which a relatedness network (RN) is defined and computed across multiple ontologies using a formal inference mechanism of set-theoretic operations. Semantic constraints are designed and implemented to prune the search space of the relatedness network.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Experiments to test examples of several biomedical applications have been carried out, and the evaluation of the results showed an encouraging potential of the proposed approach to biomedical knowledge discovery.
authors.affiliation: College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin Univesity, 2699 Qianjin St, Changchun, China.|Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin St, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin Univesity, 2699 Qianjin St, Changchun, China.|Yantai Intelligent Information Technologies Ltd., 2699 Qianjin St, Yantai, China.
authors.forename: Leiguang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin Univesity, 2699 Qianjin St, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin Univesity, 2699 Qianjin St, Changchun, China.|Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin St, Changchun, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 2699 Qianjin St, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Casimir A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Kulikowski
authors.affiliation: College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin Univesity, 2699 Qianjin St, Changchun, China. huanglan@jlu.edu.cn.|Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin St, Changchun, China. huanglan@jlu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D064229:Biological Ontologies; D019359:Knowledge; D012660:Semantics
keywords: Biomedical ontology; Implicit relatedness; Knowledge network