title: Retrospective Analysis of Pattern of Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions in Tertiary Hospital of Pauri Garhwal.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions (CADR) are the common drug induced adverse reactions which usually have wide range of manifestations and severity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the prevalence and clinical spectrum of CADR's in a tertiary hospital of the Garhwal region in Uttarakhand, India.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients suspected of having CADRs reported in the various out-patient departments, and in-patients of HNB Base & Teaching Hospital, from 1(st) January 2012 to 31(st) December 2014 were retrospectively analysed. Drug history was recorded in a format specified in Indian National Pharmacovigilance Programme.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total 111 cases of CADRs were reported from Jan 2012 to Dec 2014. Mean age of patients was 33.34±18.7 years and maximum ADRs were reported in the age group of 20-39 years (36.9%). Female were affected more than male (W:M :: 66:45). Most of the ADRs were exanthematous eruptions (EE) type (33.3%). Medicine department reported maximum cases of CADRs (47.7%), followed by Dermatology. Most of the CADRs were reported with antimicrobial agents (69.4%). Significant associations of different types of various cutaneous reactions were observed in relation to the duration (in days) of ADRs (p = 0.038), types of outcome (p= 0.006), different departments (p= 0.014) and between different groups of medicines (p = 0.008).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CADRs have proved a significant problem in healthcare for decades. Major bulk of CADR result from physician prescribed drugs. Hence, awareness on part of the physician can help in timely detection of cutaneous reactions, thereby restricting damage from them.
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology, VCSGGMSRI and its Associated HNB Base & Teaching Hospital , Srikot, Pauri-Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India .
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dimri
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, VCSGGMSRI , Srikot, Pauri-Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India .
authors.forename: Rangeel Singh
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Raina
authors.affiliation: Technical Associate, Department of AMC, VCSGGMSRI , Srikot, Pauri-Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India .
authors.forename: Swati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thapliyal
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Pharmacology, People's College of Medical Sciences & Research Centre , Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India .
authors.forename: Vijay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Thawani
keywords: Pharmacovigilance; Prevalence; Skin manifestations