title: Probiotics production and alternative encapsulation methodologies to improve their viabilities under adverse environmental conditions.
abstract: Probiotic products are dietary supplements containing live microorganisms producing beneficial health effects on the host by improving intestinal balance and nutrient absorption. Among probiotic microorganisms, those classified as lactic acid bacteria are of major importance to the food and feed industries. Probiotic cells can be produced using alternative carbon and nitrogen sources, such as agroindustrial residues, at the same time contributing to reduce process costs. On the other hand, the survival of probiotic cells in formulated food products, as well as in the host gut, is an essential nutritional aspect concerning health benefits. Therefore, several cell microencapsulation techniques have been investigated as a way to improve cell viability and survival under adverse environmental conditions, such as the gastrointestinal milieu of hosts. In this review, different aspects of probiotic cells and technologies of their related products are discussed, including formulation of culture media, and aspects of cell microencapsulation techniques required to improve their survival in the host.
authors.affiliation: a Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering Laboratory (BiotecLab) , Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil ;
authors.forename: Chaline Caren
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Coghetto
authors.affiliation: b Nutrition Department , Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre , Porto Alegre , Brazil.
authors.forename: Graziela Brusch
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Brinques
authors.affiliation: a Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering Laboratory (BiotecLab) , Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil ;
authors.forename: Marco Antônio Záchia
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ayub
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology; D003470:Culture Media; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000382:microbiology*; D005285:Fermentation; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005524:Food Technology; D055951:Functional Food / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media
keywords: Probiotics; cell microencapsulation; fermentation technologies; lactic acid bacteria