title: Changes of Color and Fluorescence of Resin Composites Immersed in Beer.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate changes of color and fluorescence of resin based composite exposed to beer.
  
  
  
  84 samples (13 mm in diameter and 1.5 mm thick) of microhybrid composite Gradia DirectTMextra bleach white were immersed in 5 different beers (dark and light) or distilled water. Color and fluorescence were measured prior and after 1-, 7-, and 14-day immersion by Spectrophotometer Thermo Evolution 600 and Fluorolog-3-221 spectrofluorometer.
  
  
  
  Resin based composites changed color after immersion in beers of different types. Beers with higher optical absorption induced greater color changes. The fluorescence intensity of composites was decreased after immersion in beer, but the shape of fluorescence spectra was not changed. 14-day immersion in Bernard dark beer caused the greatest changes in optical properties of composite: ΔE*=9.0 and 57.6% reduced fluorescence.
  
  
  
  Dark and light beers changed optical properties of resin based composite. The color change come exclusively from the change of chroma.
  
  
  
  To fully meet esthetic criteria when using dental materials in restoration it is crucial to match optical properties of teeth and dental restoration at the moment of placement, but also to keep the match over the time. Considering that staining in beer causes changes in color and fluorescence of composites and that discoloration is a frequent reason for replacement of composite restorations, the data and conclusions on discoloration of dental restorations caused by beer consumption should aid dental professionals when reaching for high esthetics of modern dentistry.(J Esthet Restor Dent 28:330-338, 2016).
authors.affiliation: Research Assistant, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, Belgrade, 11001, Serbia.
authors.forename: Milica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Antonov
authors.affiliation: Assistant Research Professor, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, Belgrade, 11001, Serbia.
authors.forename: Lea
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lenhardt
authors.affiliation: Assistant Research Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Rankeova 4, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
authors.forename: Dragica
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Manojlović
authors.affiliation: Research Assistant, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, Belgrade, 11001, Serbia.
authors.forename: Bojana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Milićević
authors.affiliation: Assistant Research Professor, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, Belgrade, 11001, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zeković
authors.affiliation: Professor, Faculty of Physics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, Belgrade, 11001, Serbia. dramican@gmail.com.|Director of Laboratory for Radiation Chemistry and Physics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, Belgrade, 11001, Serbia. dramican@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Miroslav D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Dramićanin
mesh_terms: D001515:Beer; D003116:Color; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D008422:Materials Testing; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials