title: Antifungal Effect of Non-Woven Textiles Containing Polyhexamethylene Biguanide with Sophorolipid: A Potential Method for Tinea Pedis Prevention.
abstract: Tinea pedis is a preventable skin disease common in elderly or diabetic patients. Daily foot washing is effective for prevention, but can be difficult for many patients. Additionally, conventional methods cannot eliminate fungi within the stratum corneum, a common site for fungal invasion. This study investigates the antifungal effects, cytotoxicity, permeability, and efficacy of non-woven textiles containing polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) mixed with sophorolipid. Permeability of PHMB with varying concentrations of sophorolipid was assessed via a cultured skin model. Stratum corneum PHMB concentration was quantified by polyvinylsulphuric acid potassium salt titration and cytotoxicity was assayed via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide. Antifungal effects were evaluated via a new cultured skin/Trichophyton mentagrophytes model, with varying PHMB exposure duration. Clinically-isolated Trichophyton were applied to the feet of four healthy volunteers and then immediately treated with the following methods: washing with soap, a non-woven textile with PHMB, the textile without PHMB, or without washing. Fungal colony forming units (CFUs) were evaluated after one of these treatments were performed. Sophorolipid with various concentrations significantly facilitated PHMB permeation into the stratum corneum, which was not in a dose-dependent manner. Significant PHMB antifungal effects were achieved at 30 min, with low cytotoxicity. Textiles containing PHMB significantly reduced CFU of fungi in healthy volunteers to levels comparable to soap washing. Our results indicate the utility of this product for tinea pedis prevention in clinical settings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. hsanada-tky@umin.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sanada
authors.affiliation: Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. gojiron-tky@umin.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Gojiro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nakagami
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing Administration, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. kwaku-tky@umin.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kimie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takehara
authors.affiliation: Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. gottai-tky@umin.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Taichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.affiliation: Biochemical Laboratory, Saraya Co., Ltd., 24-12 Tamatecho, Kashiwara, Osaka 582-0028, Japan. ishii-n@saraya.com.
authors.forename: Nanase
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.affiliation: Department of Gerontological Nursing/Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. yoshida-s@saraya.com.|Promote Development Division, Saraya Co., Ltd., 2-2-8 Yuzato, Higashisumiyoshi-ku, Osaka City, Osaka 546-0013, Japan. yoshida-s@saraya.com.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Biochemical Laboratory, Saraya Co., Ltd., 24-12 Tamatecho, Kashiwara, Osaka 582-0028, Japan. ryu@saraya.com.
authors.forename: Mizuyuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan. ytsun-tky@umin.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsunemi
keywords: fungal adherence; fungal infection; permeability; self-care; tinea pedis