title: Ellagic and ferulic acids alleviate gamma radiation and aluminium chloride-induced oxidative damage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ionizing radiation interacts with biological systems through the generation of free radicals, which induce oxidative stress. Aluminium (Al) can negatively impact human health by direct interaction with antioxidant enzymes. Ellagic acid (EA) and Ferulic acid (FA) are plant polyphenolic compounds, have gained attention due to their multiple biological activities. To date, no studies investigating the antioxidant effect of EA/FA in a model involving both γ radiation and aluminium chloride (AlCl3) have been reported. Herein, we investigated the protective effect of EA and FA against oxidative stress induced by γ radiation and AlCl3 in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were divided into thirteen groups: a negative control group, 3 positive control groups (γ-irradiated, AlCl3-treated and γ-irradiated+AlCl3-treated) and 9 groups (3 γ-irradiated, 3 AlCl3-treated and 3 γ-irradiated+AlCl3-treated) treated with EA and/or FA. Liver function and lipid profile were assessed. Levels of lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and endogenous antioxidants as well as the concentrations of copper, iron and zinc were estimated in liver tissue homogenate. Furthermore, liver tissue sections were histologically examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oral administration of EA and/or FA resulted in 1) amelioration of AlCl3 and/or γ-radiation-induced hepatic function impairment, dyslipidemia and hepatic histological alterations; 2) reduction in liver MDA and PCC levels; 3) elevation of liver CAT, GPx and SOD activity as well as GSH level; 4) elevation in liver Cu concentrations which was accompanied by a reduction in Fe and Zn concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral administration of EA and/or FA may be useful for ameliorating γ radiation and/or AlCl3-induced oxidative damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Ahmed M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Salem
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Tarek F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Mohammaden
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address: mohd_ali2@sci.asu.edu.eg.
authors.forename: Mohamed A M
authors.initials: MAM
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Enas A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.affiliation: Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hesham F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Hasan
mesh_terms: D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002712:Chlorides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004610:Ellagic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005720:Gamma Rays; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D000975:Antioxidants; D002712:Chlorides; D003373:Coumaric Acids; D008055:Lipids; D004610:Ellagic Acid; D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; C004999:ferulic acid
keywords: Aluminium chloride; Ellagic acid; Ferulic acid; Gamma radiation; Oxidative stress