title: Method validation and measurement uncertainty for the simultaneous determination of synthetic phenolic antioxidants in edible oils commonly consumed in Korea.
abstract: This study investigated a method for the validation and determination of measurement uncertainty for the simultaneous determination of synthetic phenolic antioxidants (SPAs) such as propyl gallate (PG), octyl gallate (OG), dodecyl gallate (DG), 2,4,5-trihydroxy butyrophenone (THBP), tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in edible oils commonly consumed in Korea. The validated method was able to extract SPA residues under the optimized HPLC-UV and LC-MS/MS conditions. Furthermore, the measurement of uncertainty was evaluated based on the precision study. For HPLC-UV analysis, the recoveries of SPAs ranged from 91.4% to 115.9% with relative standard deviations between 0.3% and 11.4%. In addition, the expanded uncertainties of the SPAs ranged from 0.15 to 5.91. These results indicate that the validated method is appropriate for the extraction and determination of SPAs and can be used to verify the safety of edible oil products containing SPAs residues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Gi-Hae
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Ha
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: S-Food Guardians Co. Ltd, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seong-Ran
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Food Additives and Packages Division, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 187 Osong, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyun-Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Food Additives and Packages Division, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 187 Osong, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ho-Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Food Additives and Packages Division, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 187 Osong, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Seok
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: loh99@kangwon.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Ok-Hwan
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D002083:Butylated Hydroxyanisole / Q000737:chemistry; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene / Q000737:chemistry; D002138:Calibration; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000737:chemistry; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D011435:Propyl Gallate / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D056910:Republic of Korea; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D035501:Uncertainty
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D006873:Hydroquinones; D010636:Phenols; D010938:Plant Oils; C016627:octyl gallate; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene; D002083:Butylated Hydroxyanisole; C008259:lauryl gallate; D005707:Gallic Acid; D011435:Propyl Gallate; C018855:2-tert-butylhydroquinone
keywords: Edible oils; HPLC; Measurement uncertainty; Method validation; Synthetic phenolic antioxidants (SPAs)