title: The Emerging Role of Epigenetics in Inflammation and Immunometabolism.
abstract: Recent research developments have shed light on the risk factors contributing to metabolic complications, implicating both genetic and environmental factors, potentially integrated by epigenetic mechanisms. Distinct epigenetic changes in immune cells are frequently observed in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and these are associated with alterations in the phenotype, function, and trafficking patterns of these cells. The first step in the development of effective therapeutic strategies is the identification of distinct epigenetic signatures associated with metabolic disorders. In this review we provide an overview of the epigenetic mechanisms influencing immune cell phenotype and function, summarize current knowledge about epigenetic changes affecting immune functions in the context of metabolic diseases, and discuss the therapeutic options currently available to counteract epigenetically driven metabolic complications.
authors.affiliation: Inflammation and Infection Research, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Sukanya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Raghuraman
authors.affiliation: The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Ida
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Donkin
authors.affiliation: The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Soetkin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Versteyhe
authors.affiliation: Inflammation and Infection Research, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Romain
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barrès
authors.affiliation: Inflammation and Infection Research, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: d.simar@unsw.edu.au.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Simar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics*; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics*
keywords: epigenetics; immune system; inflammation; metabolic diseases; obesity