title: Functional Disorders in Neurology: Case Studies.
abstract: Functional, often called psychogenic, disorders are common in neurological practice. We illustrate clinical issues and highlight some recent research findings using six case studies of functional neurological disorders. We discuss dizziness as a functional disorder, describing the relatively new consensus term Persistent Posturo-Perceptual Dizziness (PPPD), axial jerking/myoclonus as a functional movement disorder, functional speech symptoms, post-concussion disorder with functional cognitive symptoms and finally advances in treatment of dissociative seizures and functional motor disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK. Electronic address: Jon.Stone@ed.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hoeritzauer
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9713 GZ, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jeannette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gelauff
authors.affiliation: Mater Centre for Neurosciences, 551 Stanley Street, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lehn
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gardiner
authors.affiliation: University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen 9713 GZ, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van Gils
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Conversion disorder; Dizziness; Functional; Movement disorder; Nonepileptic seizures; Physiotherapy; Psychogenic; Psychotherapy