title: Effect size for the main cognitive function determinants in a large cross-sectional study.
abstract: The aim of our study was to examine the effect sizes of different cognitive function determinants in middle and early old age.
  
  
  
  Cognitive functions were assessed in 11 711 volunteers (45 to 75 years old), included in the French CONSTANCES cohort between January 2012 and May 2014, using the free and cued selective reminding test (FCSRT), verbal fluency tasks, digit-symbol substitution test (DSST) and trail making test (TMT), parts A and B. The effect sizes of socio-demographic (age, sex, education), lifestyle (alcohol, tobacco, physical activity), cardiovascular (diabetes, blood pressure) and psychological (depressive symptomatology) variables were computed as omega-squared coefficients (ω2; part of the variation of a neuropsychological score that is independently explained by a given variable).
  
  
  
  These sets of variables explained from R2= 10% (semantic fluency) to R2= 26% (DSST) of the total variance. In all tests, socio-demographic variables accounted for the greatest part of the explained variance. Age explained from ω2= 0.5% (semantic fluency) to ω2= 7.5% (DSST) of the total score variance, gender from ω2= 5.2% (FCSRT) to a negligible part (semantic fluency or TMT) and education from ω2= 7.2% (DSST) to ω2= 1.4% (TMT-A). Behavioral, cardiovascular and psychological variables only slightly influenced the cognitive test results (all ω2< 0.8%, most ω2< 0.1%).
  
  
  
  Socio-demographic variables (age, gender and education) are the main variables associated with cognitive performance variations between 45 and 75 years of age in the general population.
authors.affiliation: Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, UMS 011 Inserm-UVSQ, Villejuif, France. t-mura@chu-montpellier.fr.|INSERM, U1061, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France. t-mura@chu-montpellier.fr.|Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France. t-mura@chu-montpellier.fr.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mura
authors.affiliation: INSERM U1219, Bordeaux Population Health, Bordeaux, France.|Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Amieva
authors.affiliation: Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, UMS 011 Inserm-UVSQ, Villejuif, France.|Versailles Saint Quentin en-Yvelines University, Versailles, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.affiliation: INSERM U1219, Bordeaux Population Health, Bordeaux, France.|Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: J-F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Dartigues
authors.affiliation: INSERM U1168, University of Versailles St-Quentin, Sainte Perine Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ankri
authors.affiliation: Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, UMS 011 Inserm-UVSQ, Villejuif, France.|Versailles Saint Quentin en-Yvelines University, Versailles, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zins
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U1061, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France.|Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Berr
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000523:psychology; D004522:Educational Status; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012737:Sex Factors
keywords: cardiovascular factors; cognitive functions; effect size; lifestyle factors; psychological factors; socio-demographic factors