title: Association of air pollution sources and aldehydes with biomarkers of blood coagulation, pulmonary inflammation, and systemic oxidative stress.
abstract: Using data collected before, during, and after the 2008 Summer Olympic Games in Beijing, this study examines associations between biomarkers of blood coagulation (vWF, sCD62P and sCD40L), pulmonary inflammation (EBC pH, EBC nitrite, and eNO), and systemic oxidative stress (urinary 8-OHdG) with sources of air pollution identified utilizing principal component analysis and with concentrations of three aldehydes of health concern. Associations between the biomarkers and the air pollution source types and aldehydes were examined using a linear mixed effects model, regressing through seven lag days and controlling for ambient temperature, relative humidity, gender, and day of week for the biomarker measurements. The biomarkers for pulmonary inflammation, particularly EBC pH and eNO, were most consistently associated with vehicle and industrial combustion, oil combustion, and vegetative burning. The biomarkers for blood coagulation, particularly vWF and sCD62p, were most consistently associated with oil combustion. Systemic oxidative stress biomarker (8-OHdG) was most consistently associated with vehicle and industrial combustion. The associations of the biomarkers were generally not significant or consistent with secondary formation of pollutants and with the aldehydes. The findings support policies to control anthropogenic pollution sources rather than natural soil or road dust from a cardio-respiratory health standpoint.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA.
authors.forename: Brent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Altemose
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
authors.forename: Mark G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Robson
authors.affiliation: Environmental and Occupational Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA.
authors.forename: Howard M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kipen
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA.
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ohman Strickland
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA.
authors.forename: Qingyu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Nicholas School of the Environment and Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.|Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Jicheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Guangfa
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
authors.forename: David Q
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Rich
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Nicholas School of the Environment and Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.|Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Junfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D002681:China; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D013177:Sports; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D000447:Aldehydes; D015415:Biomarkers; D009573:Nitrites; D052638:Particulate Matter; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine