title: Impact of manure-related DOM on sulfonamide transport in arable soils.
abstract: Field application of livestock manure introduces colloids and veterinary antibiotics, e.g. sulfonamides (SAs), into farmland. The presence of manure colloids may potentially intensify the SAs-pollution to soils and groundwater by colloid-facilitated transport. Transport of three SAs, sulfadiazine (SDZ), sulfamethoxypyridazine (SMPD), and sulfamoxole (SMOX), was investigated in saturated soil columns with and without manure colloids from sows and farrows, weaners, and fattening pigs. Experimental results showed that colloid-facilitated transport of SMOX was significant in the presence of manure colloids from fattening pigs with low C/N ratio, high SUVA280nm and protein C, while manure colloids from sows and farrows and weaners had little effect on SMOX transport. In contrast, only retardation was observed for SDZ and SMPD when manure colloids were present. Breakthrough curves (BTCs) of colloids and SAs were replicated well by a newly developed numerical model that considers colloid-filtration theory, competitive kinetic sorption, and co-transport processes. Model results demonstrate that mobile colloids act as carriers for SMOX, while immobile colloids block SMOX from sorbing onto the soil. The low affinity of SMOX to sorb on immobile colloids prevents aggregation and also promotes SMOX's colloid-facilitated transport. Conversely, the high affinity of SDZ and SMPD to sorb on all types of immobile colloids retarded their transport. Thus, manure properties play a fundamental role in increasing the leaching risk of hydrophobic sulfonamides.
authors.affiliation: Agrosphere (IBG-3), Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany; Department of Hydrogeology and Hydrochemistry, TU Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany. Electronic address: danzhou0617@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil Science, University of Trier, Behringstr. 21, Trier, Germany.
authors.forename: Sören
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thiele-Bruhn
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil Science, University of Trier, Behringstr. 21, Trier, Germany; Dr Knoell Consult GmbH, Marie-Curie-Straße 8, Leverkusen, Germany.
authors.forename: Martina Gesine
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Arenz-Leufen
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environment, Health and Safety (EHS), Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Belgium.
authors.forename: Diederik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jacques
authors.affiliation: OFM Research-Southwest, Santa Fe, NM 87507, USA.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lichtner
authors.affiliation: Agrosphere (IBG-3), Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany; Department of Hydrogeology and Hydrochemistry, TU Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Engelhardt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D003102:Colloids / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D060587:Groundwater / Q000737:chemistry; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008189:Luxembourg; D008372:Manure; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013552:Swine; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003102:Colloids; D008372:Manure; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013449:Sulfonamides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002244:Carbon; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Colloid-facilitated transport; Hydrus-1D; Manure; Sulfonamides