title: Association of miR-146a, miR-149, miR-196a2, and miR-499 Polymorphisms with Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament of the Cervical Spine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) of the spine is considered a multifactorial and polygenic disease. We aimed to investigate the association between four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of pre-miRNAs [miR-146aC>G (rs2910164), miR-149T>C (rs2292832), miR-196a2T>C (rs11614913), and miR-499A>G (rs3746444)] and the risk of cervical OPLL in the Korean population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The genotypic frequencies of these four SNPs were analyzed in 207 OPLL patients and 200 controls by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For four SNPs in pre-miRNAs, no significant differences were found between OPLL patients and controls. However, subgroup analysis based on OPLL subgroup (continuous: continuous type plus mixed type, segmental: segmental and localized type) showed that miR-499GG genotype was associated with an increased risk of segmental type OPLL (adjusted odds ratio = 4.314 with 95% confidence interval: 1.109-16.78). In addition, some allele combinations (C-T-T-G, G-T-T-A, and G-T-C-G of miR-146a/-149/-196a2/-499) and combined genotypes (miR-149TC/miR-196a2TT) were associated with increased OPLL risk, whereas the G-T-T-G and G-C-C-G allele combinations were associated with decreased OPLL risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that GG genotype of miR-499 is associated with significantly higher risks of OPLL in the segmental OPLL group. The miR-146a/-149/-196a2/-499 allele combinations may be a genetic risk factor for cervical OPLL in the Korean population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Joon
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Ah
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Genome Research Center, Green Cross Genome, Yongin, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Joo
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Hemant
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Seil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyoung Sik
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jang Bo
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Uk
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Kuh
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Keung Nyun
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Oh
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Ok Joon
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
authors.forename: Alexander E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Ropper
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Nam Keun
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: In Bo
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017887:Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D056910:Republic of Korea
chemical_list: C542542:MIRN146 microRNA, human; C551557:MIRN149 microRNA, human; C542543:MIRN196 microRNA, human; C544530:MIRN449 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs