title: [Response to treatment with interferon beta in patients with multiple sclerosis. Validation of the Rio Score].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Different criteria have been proposed for the response to treatment with interferon beta, and the Rio Score is one of the most widely used. The aim of this study was to validate the usefulness of the Rio Score in an independent cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multi-centre, prospective, longitudinal study was conducted on patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis treated with interferon beta. The patients were classified according to the presence of attacks, active lesions (new in T2 or gadolinium enhancing lesions) in magnetic resonance imaging, a confirmed increase in disability or combinations of these variables (attacks, increase on the Expanded Disability Status Scale and active lesions) after one year's treatment. Regression analysis was used in order to identify the response-predicting variables after a three-year follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sample consisted of 249 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The logistic model confirmed that the presence of two (odds ratio = 6.6; CI 95% = 2.7-16.1; p < 0.0001) or three (odds ratio = 8.5; CI 95% = 1.6-46; p < 0.01) positive variables during the first year of treatment were indicative of a significant risk of activity (attacks or progression) in the next two years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The usefulness of the Rio Score is confirmed, in an independent cohort, as a means of identifying patients with a higher risk of developing clinical activity or progression of disability during treatment with interferon beta.
authors.affiliation: Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rio
authors.affiliation: Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rovira
authors.affiliation: Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Espana.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Blanco
authors.affiliation: Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Espana.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sainz
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, 17007 Girona, Espana.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Perkal
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, 17007 Girona, Espana.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Robles
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, 17007 Girona, Espana.
authors.forename: Ll
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ramio-Torrenta
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Espana.
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.affiliation: Hospital Clinico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arroyo
authors.affiliation: Hospital Regional Universitario Carlos Haya, Malaga, Espana.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Urbaneja
authors.affiliation: Hospital Regional Universitario Carlos Haya, Malaga, Espana.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Garcia-Merino
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario Insular de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Espana.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Reyes
authors.affiliation: UAM. Universidad Autonoma de Madrid. Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oreja-Guevara
authors.affiliation: Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Espana.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Prieto
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, 41003 Sevilla, Espana.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Izquierdo
authors.affiliation: Hospital Donostia, 20014 San Sebastian, Espana.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Olascoaga
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Espana.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Cermeno
authors.affiliation: Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.affiliation: Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pujal
authors.affiliation: Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Comabella
authors.affiliation: Hospitals Vall d'Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Espana.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Montalban
mesh_terms: D004185:Disability Evaluation; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007155:Immunologic Factors; D016899:Interferon-beta