title: Serum leptin is a predictor for central arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Serum adipokines have a role in the development of arterial stiffness. We aimed to investigate the risk factors of developing arterial stiffness and the association of leptin and arterial stiffness in hypertensive (HTN) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 101 HTN patients enrolled. Fasting blood samples and baseline characteristics were obtained and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was measured with the SphygmoCor system. A cfPWV > 10 m/s was defined as high arterial stiffness, and ≤ 10 m/s as low arterial stiffness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-seven patients (46.5 %) had high arterial stiffness, and had a higher percentage of diabetes (P = 0.044), , older age (P < 0.001), higher pulse pressure (P = 0.049), and higher serum blood urea nitrogen (P = 0.029), creatinine (P = 0.027), intact parathyroid hormone (P = 0.004), serum leptin level (P = 0.002), C-reactive protein (P < 0.001), but lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (P = 0.006) compared to patients with low arterial stiffness. After adjusting for factors significantly associated with arterial stiffness by multivariate logistic regression analysis, it revealed that leptin (aOR = 1.037, 95% CI = 1.007-1.067, P = 0.014), having DM (aOR = 4.885, 95% CI = 1.590-15.006, P = 0.006), and elevated CRP (aOR = 1.503, 95% CI = 1.110-2.0371,P = 0.009) were significant independent predictors of arterial stiffness in HTN patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum leptin level could be a predictor for arterial stiffness in HTN patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan.|School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jen-Pi
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.|Division of Nephrology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Bang-Gee
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi College of Technology, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chung-Jen
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Hsien
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Chih
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.|Division of Cardiology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ji-Hung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation; D059289:Vascular Stiffness
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020738:Leptin
keywords: Arterial stiffness; C-reactive protein; Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity; Diabetes mellitus; Hypertensive; Leptin