title: Ecological risk assessment for Pacific salmon exposed to dimethoate in California.
abstract: A probabilistic risk assessment of the potential direct and indirect effects of acute dimethoate exposure to salmon populations of concern was conducted for 3 evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) of Pacific salmon in California. These ESUs were the Sacramento River winter-run chinook, the California Central Valley spring-run chinook, and the California Central Valley steelhead. Refined acute exposures were estimated using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool, a river basin-scale model developed to quantify the impact of land-management practices in large, complex watersheds. Both direct effects (i.e., inhibition of brain acetylcholinesterase activity) and indirect effects (i.e., altered availability of aquatic invertebrate prey) were assessed. Risk to salmon and their aquatic invertebrate prey items was determined to be de minimis. Therefore, dimethoate is not expected to have direct or indirect adverse effects on Pacific salmon in these 3 ESUs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:532-543. © 2016 SETAC.
authors.affiliation: Intrinsik Environmental Sciences, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Whitfield Aslund
authors.affiliation: Intrinsik Environmental Sciences, Carleton University Campus, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Roger L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Breton
authors.affiliation: Stone Environmental, Montpelier, Vermont, USA.
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Padilla
authors.affiliation: Stone Environmental, Montpelier, Vermont, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Winchell
authors.affiliation: Intrinsik Environmental Sciences, Carleton University Campus, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Katie L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Wooding
authors.affiliation: Intrinsik Environmental Sciences, New Gloucester, Maine, USA.
authors.forename: Dwayne R J
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.affiliation: Intrinsik Environmental Sciences, Carleton University Campus, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: R Scott
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Teed
authors.affiliation: Exponent, Alexandria, Virginia, USA.
authors.forename: Rick
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reiss
authors.affiliation: Cheminova, Arlington, Virginia, USA.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Whatling
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D002140:California; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004117:Dimethoate / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D004463:Ecology; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D007448:Invertebrates / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D008954:Models, Biological; D018570:Risk Assessment; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012474:Salmon / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D004117:Dimethoate
keywords: Endangered species; Organophosphorus insecticide; Probabilistic risk assessment; Salmon; Soil and Water Assessment Tool model