title: The peri-Sylvian cortical network underlying single word repetition revealed by electrocortical stimulation and direct neural recordings.
abstract: Verbal repetition requires the coordination of auditory, memory, linguistic, and motor systems. To date, the basic dynamics of neural information processing in this deceptively simple behavior are largely unknown. Here, we examined the neural processes underlying verbal repetition using focal interruption (electrocortical stimulation) in 58 patients undergoing awake craniotomies, and neurophysiological recordings (electrocorticography) in 8 patients while they performed a single word repetition task. Electrocortical stimulation revealed that sub-components of the left peri-Sylvian network involved in single word repetition could be differentially interrupted, producing transient perceptual deficits, paraphasic errors, or speech arrest. Electrocorticography revealed the detailed spatio-temporal dynamics of cortical activation, involving a highly-ordered, but overlapping temporal progression of cortical high gamma (75-150Hz) activity throughout the peri-Sylvian cortex. We observed functionally distinct serial and parallel cortical processing corresponding to successive stages of general auditory processing (posterior superior temporal gyrus), speech-specific auditory processing (middle and posterior superior temporal gyrus), working memory (inferior frontal cortex), and motor articulation (sensorimotor cortex). Together, these methods reveal the dynamics of coordinated activity across peri-Sylvian cortex during verbal repetition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, United States; Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, United States.
authors.forename: Matthew K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Leonard
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, United States; Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, United States.
authors.forename: Ruofan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, United States; Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, United States.
authors.forename: Miranda C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Babiak
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, United States; Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, United States.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, United States; Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, United States; Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, United States. Electronic address: ChangEd@neurosurg.ucsf.edu.
authors.forename: Edward F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D000069280:Electrocorticography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology*; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology
keywords: Electrocortical stimulation; Electrocorticography; Neurosurgery; Peri-Sylvian cortex; Speech perception; Speech production; Verbal repetition