title: Nutrient-Gene Interaction in Colon Cancer, from the Membrane to Cellular Physiology.
abstract: The International Agency for Research on Cancer recently released an assessment classifying red and processed meat as "carcinogenic to humans" on the basis of the positive association between increased consumption and risk for colorectal cancer. Diet, however, can also decrease the risk for colorectal cancer and be used as a chemopreventive strategy. Bioactive dietary molecules, such as n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, curcumin, and fermentable fiber, have been proposed to exert chemoprotective effects, and their molecular mechanisms have been the focus of research in the dietary/chemoprevention field. Using these bioactives as examples, this review surveys the proposed mechanisms by which they exert their effects, from the nucleus to the cellular membrane. In addition, we discuss emerging technologies involving the culturing of colonic organoids to study the physiological effects of dietary bioactives. Finally, we address future challenges to the field regarding the identification of additional molecular mechanisms and other bioactive dietary molecules that can be utilized in our fight to reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843; email: r-chapkin@tamu.edu.|Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843.
authors.forename: Tim Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843; email: r-chapkin@tamu.edu.|Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843.|Center for Translational Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843.
authors.forename: Laurie A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.affiliation: Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843; email: r-chapkin@tamu.edu.|Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843.
authors.forename: Eunjoo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843; email: r-chapkin@tamu.edu.|Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843.
authors.forename: Yang-Yi
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843; email: r-chapkin@tamu.edu.|Faculty of Toxicology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843.
authors.forename: Natividad R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Fuentes
authors.affiliation: Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843; email: r-chapkin@tamu.edu.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Triff
authors.affiliation: Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843; email: r-chapkin@tamu.edu.|Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843.|Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843.|Faculty of Toxicology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843.|Center for Translational Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843.
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Chapkin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003474:Curcumin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019175:DNA Methylation; D000072001:Diet, Healthy; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005285:Fermentation; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D054647:Nutrigenomics / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D006657:Histones; D035683:MicroRNAs; D003474:Curcumin
keywords: colonic organoids; membrane organization; microRNAs; n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids