title: The C3H-type zinc finger protein GDS1/C3H42 is a nuclear-speckle-localized protein that is essential for normal growth and development in Arabidopsis.
abstract: Eukaryotic C3H-type zinc finger proteins (Znfs) comprise a large family of regulatory proteins involved in many aspects of plant stress response, growth and development. However, compared to mammalian, only a few plant Znfs have been functionally characterized. Here, T-DNA inserted gds1 (growth, development and splicing 1) mutant, displayed abnormal growth throughout the lifecycle owing to the reduction of cell size and number. Inverse PCR analysis revealed that the abnormal growth was caused by the disruption of At3g47120, which encodes a C3H42 protein belonging to the C-X7-C-X5-C-X3-H class of the Znf family. GDS1 was ubiquitously transcribed, but shows high levels of expression in young seedling and unexpanded new leaves. In gds1, the transcripts of many growth- and development-related genes were down-regulated, and the auxin response was dramatically reduced. A fluorescence-based assay revealed that the GDS1 protein was localized to the nucleus, prominently in the speckle compartments. Its arginine/serine dipeptide-rich-like (RS-like) domain was essential for nuclear localization. In addition, the SR1, SRm102 and U1-70K components of the U1 spliceosome interacted with GDS1 in the nuclear speckle compartments. Taken together, these suggest that GDS1, a nuclear-speckle-associated Znf, might play a significant role in splicing during plant growth and development.
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), PMBBRC, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Won
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), PMBBRC, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Su Jeong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), PMBBRC, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), PMBBRC, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Chan
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (BK21Plus), PMBBRC, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jdbahk@gnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jeong Dong
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Bahk
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: C000616931:AT3G47120 protein, Arabidopsis; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C000616932:GDS1 protein, Arabidopsis; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins
keywords: C(3)H-type zinc finger protein; GDS1; Inverse PCR analysis; Nuclear speckles; Plant growth and development; Splicing