title: Cross-linked dry bonding: A new etch-and-rinse technique.
abstract: To determine if acid-etched, cross-linked dentin can be dehydrated without lowering bond strength below that of cross-linked wet-bonded dentin in vitro.
  
  
  
  Using extracted human third molars, control acid-etched dentin was bonded with Single Bond Plus, using either the wet- or dry-bonding technique. Experimental acid-etched dentin was treated with 5mass% grape seed extract (GSE) in different solvents for 1min before undergoing wet vs dry resin-dentin bonding with Single Bond Plus. Completely demineralized dentin beams were treated with 5% GSE for 0, 1 or 10min, before measuring stiffness by 3-point flexure. Other completely demineralized beams were treated similarly and then incubated in buffer for 1 week to measure the collagen solubilization by endogenous dentin proteases.
  
  
  
  24h microtensile bond strengths (μTBS) in wet and dry controls were 53.5±3.6 and 9.4±1.8MPa, respectively (p<0.05). 5% GSE in water gave μTBS of 53.7±3.4 and 39.1±9.7MPa (p<0.05), respectively, while 5% GSE in ethanol gave μTBS of 51.2±2.3 and 35.3±2.0MPa (p<0.05). 5% GSE in 5% EtOH/95% water gave wet and dry μTBS of 53.0±2.3 and 55.7±5.1MPa (p>0.05). Cross-linking demineralized dentin with 5% GSE increased stiffness of dentin and decreased collagen degradation (p<0.05).
  
  
  
  5% GSE pretreatment of acid-etched dentin for 1min permits the dentin to be completely air-dried without lowering bond strength.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayaka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Araraquara Dental School, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Debora L S
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Scheffel
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Araraquara Dental School, Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Josimeri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hebling
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Kelli
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Agee
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tagami
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianquo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Dalia
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Abuelenain
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Manar Abu
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Nawareg
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ali H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences DIBINEM, University of Bologna and IGM-CNR Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Breschi
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Franklin R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Tay
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. Electronic address: DPASHLEY@gru.edu.
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Pashley
mesh_terms: D001840:Dental Bonding; D045662:Dental Etching; D003804:Dentin; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D008422:Materials Testing; D019279:Resin Cements; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D019279:Resin Cements; D014867:Water
keywords: Bond strength; Collagen degradation; Cross-linking; Dentin; Dentin bonding; Dentin stiffness; Dry bonding; Grape seed extract; Wet bonding