title: Dietary Intake Is Related to Multifactor Cardiovascular Risk Score in Obese Boys.
abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) originates in childhood and early identification of risk factors provides an early intervention opportunity. The aim was to identify children at higher risk using a CVD risk score, developed from factors known to cluster in childhood. Risk was scored as very high (≥97.5th centile), high (≥95th), moderate (≥90th) or threshold (<90th) using normal pediatric reference ranges for 10 common biomedical risk factors. These were summed in a multifactor CVD risk score and applied to a sample of 285 observations from 136 overweight Australian children (41% male, aged 7-12 years). Strength of associations between CVD risk score and individual biomedical and dietary variables were assessed using univariate logistic regression. High waist circumference (Odds Ratio: 5.48 [95% CI: 2.60-11.55]), body mass index (OR: 3.22 [1.98-5.26]), serum insulin (OR: 3.37 [2.56-4.42]) and triglycerides (OR: 3.02 [2.22-4.12]) were all significantly related to CVD risk score. High intakes of total fat (OR: 4.44 [1.19-16.60]), sugar (OR: 2.82 [1.54-5.15]) and carbohydrate (OR 1.75 [1.11-2.77]) were significantly related to CVD risk score in boys only. This multifactor CVD risk score could be a useful tool for researchers to identify elevated risk in children. Further research is warranted to examine sex-specific dietary factors related to CVD risk in children.
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. Tracy.Schumacher@uon.edu.au.|Priority Research Center in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. Tracy.Schumacher@uon.edu.au.
authors.forename: Tracy L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. Tracy.Burrows@newcastle.edu.au.|Priority Research Center in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. Tracy.Burrows@newcastle.edu.au.
authors.forename: Tracy L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Burrows
authors.affiliation: Early Start Research Institute, School of Education, Faculty of Social Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia. Dylanc@uow.edu.au.
authors.forename: Dylan P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Cliff
authors.affiliation: Early Start Research Institute, School of Education, Faculty of Social Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia. Rachelj@uow.edu.au.
authors.forename: Rachel A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Early Start Research Institute, School of Education, Faculty of Social Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia. Tokley@uow.edu.au.
authors.forename: Anthony D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Okely
authors.affiliation: The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia. Louise.Baur@health.nsw.gov.au.
authors.forename: Louise A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Baur
authors.affiliation: Priority Research Center in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. Philip.Morgan@newcastle.edu.au.|School of Education, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. Philip.Morgan@newcastle.edu.au.
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.affiliation: Priority Research Center in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. Robin.Callister@newcastle.edu.au.|School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. Robin.Callister@newcastle.edu.au.
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Callister
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. May.Boggess@gmail.com.|School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. May.Boggess@gmail.com.
authors.forename: May M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Boggess
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. Clare.Collins@newcastle.edu.au.|Priority Research Center in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. Clare.Collins@newcastle.edu.au.
authors.forename: Clare E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Collins
keywords: cardiovascular risk; childhood; diet; nutrition; obesity