title: Methoxychlor exposure induces oxidative stress and affects mouse oocyte meiotic maturation.
abstract: Methoxychlor (MXC) is used worldwide against insects and other pests. This organochlorine pesticide acts as a xenoestrogen, promotes oxidative stress, and is considered cytotoxic and genotoxic, causing abortions and stillbirths in females. Mechanistically related estrogens and oxidants affect oocyte meiosis, so we investigated the effects of MXC on mouse oocyte meiotic maturation. Our results showed that maturation rates of MXC-treated oocytes were lower than those of controls, which was due to abnormal spindle morphologies and DNA double-strand breaks, as confirmed by increased γ-H2AX foci. Our findings also suggest that MXC may affect oocyte quality by causing the accumulation of superoxide radicals and other reactive oxygen species, aberrant mitochondrial distribution, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased lipid peroxidation. Thus, exposure to MXC negatively affects oocyte meiotic maturation, primarily through impairments in cellular ROS metabolism. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 83: 768-779, 2016 © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Ya-Long
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Ming-Huang
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Xiamen Institute for Food and Drug Quality Control, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Bai-Hui
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Shu-Wen
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Biological College, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China.
authors.forename: Fei-Ping
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China. oti@xmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhong-Quan
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Organ Transplantation Institute, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China. hailongwang@xmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Hai-Long
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D053903:DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded; D005260:Female; D008540:Meiosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D008731:Methoxychlor / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009865:Oocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D013481:Superoxides; D008731:Methoxychlor