title: Surgical intervention strategies for congenital tracheal stenosis associated with a tracheal bronchus based on the location of stenosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the appropriate surgical intervention strategies for congenital tracheal stenosis (CTS) associated with a tracheal bronchus based on the location of stenosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of 13 pediatric patients with CTS associated with a tracheal bronchus at a single institution between January 2006 and December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Type 1: tracheal stenosis above the right upper lobe bronchus (RULB) (n = 1). One patient underwent slide tracheoplasty and was successfully extubated. Type 2: tracheal stenosis below the RULB (n = 7). Tracheal end-to-end anastomosis was performed before 2014, and one patient failed to extubate. Posterior-anterior slide tracheoplasty was performed since 2014, and all three patients were successfully extubated. Type 3: tracheal stenosis above the RULB to the carina (n = 5). One patient underwent posterior-anterior slide tracheoplasty and was successfully extubated. Two patients with left-right slide tracheoplasty and another two patients with tracheal end-to-end anastomosis for the stenosis below the RULB could not be extubated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tracheal end-to-end anastomosis or slide tracheoplasty can be selected for tracheal stenosis above the RULB according to the length of stenosis. Posterior-anterior slide tracheoplasty appears feasible for tracheal stenosis below the RULB or above the RULB to the carina.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, 1-6-7 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan. morita_kch@hp.pref.hyogo.jp.
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, 1-6-7 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yokoi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, 1-6-7 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukuzawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, 1-6-7 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
authors.forename: Chieko
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hisamatsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, 1-6-7 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, 1-6-7 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okata
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, 1-6-7 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, 1-6-7 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mishima
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, 1-6-7 Minatojimaminamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosaku
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maeda
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D001980:Bronchi / Q000002:abnormalities*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014132:Trachea / Q000002:abnormalities*; D014135:Tracheal Stenosis / Q000151:congenital / Q000601:surgery*
keywords: Children; Congenital tracheal stenosis; Slide tracheoplasty; Tracheal bronchus; Tracheal end-to-end anastomosis; Tracheal reconstruction