title: Serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinases in microglia.
abstract: Microglia are derived from myelogenous cells and contribute to immunological and inflammatory responses in central nervous system. They play important roles not only in infectious diseases and inflammation after stroke, but also in psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia. While recent studies suggest the significances of serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinases (SGKs) in other immune cells such as macrophages, T cells and dendritic cells, their role in microglia remains unknown. Here we, for the first time, report that SGK1 and SGK3 are expressed in multiple microglial cell lines. An SGK inhibitor, gsk650394, inhibits cell viability. In addition, lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of inflammatory regulators iNOS and TNFα was enhanced by gsk650394. Furthermore, translocation of NF-κB was enhanced by gsk650394. Taken together, these findings suggest that SGKs may play an important role in regulating microglial viability and inflammatory responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Anatomy, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA. Electronic address: ino-k@umin.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Anatomy, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Eisuke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Anatomy, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Hayato
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Asai
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koide
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA.
authors.forename: Tiandong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Leng
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA.
authors.forename: Zhi-Gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Anatomy, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Takatoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D017628:Microglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000276:immunology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000099184:Serum-Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinases
chemical_list: D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000099184:Serum-Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinases; C523602:Sgk3 protein, mouse
keywords: Inflammation; Microglia; NF-κB; SGK1; iNOS