title: The Anopheles maculipennis complex (Diptera: Culicidae) in Germany: an update following recent monitoring activities.
abstract: The Anopheles maculipennis complex comprises several sibling species including major vectors of malaria parasites of historic Europe. In present-day Europe, these species are probably more relevant with regard to transmission of pathogens other than plasmodia, such as viruses and dirofilariae. Distribution data facilitating risk assessments and modelling of An. maculipennis complex-borne diseases, however, are generally outdated. In Germany, the occurrence and geographic distribution of the complex species have recently been updated within the framework of a national monitoring programme. In addition to the known indigenous species An. maculipennis, Anopheles messeae and Anopheles atroparvus, the newly described sibling species Anopheles daciae was demonstrated. Distribution maps of these species based on the data collected from 2011 to 2014 are presented, whilst ecological characteristics and vector roles are presented and discussed.
authors.affiliation: Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany. helge.kampen@fli.bund.de.
authors.forename: Helge
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2754-3171
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kampen
authors.affiliation: Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany.
authors.forename: Mandy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schäfer
authors.affiliation: Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany.
authors.forename: Dorothee E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Zielke
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Doreen
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Walther
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000145:classification* / Q000254:growth & development; D005858:Germany; D007300:Insect Control / Q000639:trends*; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000145:classification* / Q000254:growth & development
keywords: Anopheles atroparvus; Anopheles daciae; Anopheles maculipennis; Anopheles messeae; Distribution; Ecology; Germany; Vectors