title: Ultrastructural Analysis of the Foreskin in Patients With True Phimosis Treated or Not Treated With Topical Betamethasone and Hyaluronidase Ointment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate, by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the possible alterations of the foreskin connective tissue in patients with true phimosis submitted to topical treatment with betamethasone and hyaluronidase ointment.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 15 patients (mean 5.3 years old) submitted or not to topical application of betamethasone 0.2% and hyaluronidase cream. For qualitative analysis of the connective tissue, we studied 5 samples from each foreskin, with 2 mm length. The samples were submitted to fixation for SEM by immersing tissue fragments in a modified Karnovsky solution for 48 hours at 4°C. The obtained acellular preparations were then processed for high-vacuum SEM, and observations were performed on a LEO 435 (Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany) scanning electron microscope with an acceleration voltage of 15 to 20 kV.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Parents of 7 children did not agree with the clinical treatment and opted for circumcision directly. These patients served as the control group (nontreated). Eight patients submitted to topical treatment could not expose the glans and were referred for circumcision. In SEM, with a magnification of 5000×, we observed important differences in the organization of the collagen and elastic system fibers when comparing treated and nontreated patients with betamethasone and hyaluronidase. Treated patients presented a different organization of collagen with a clear decrease in the elastic system fibers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The treatment of phimosis with betamethasone + hyaluronidase showed changes in the structure of the foreskin with a decrease of elastic system fibers, which is characteristic of the healing processes.
authors.affiliation: Urogenital Research Unit, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: lufavorito@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Luciano Alves
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Favorito
authors.affiliation: Urogenital Research Unit, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carla B M
authors.initials: CBM
authors.lastname: Gallo
authors.affiliation: Urogenital Research Unit, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Waldemar S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Urogenital Research Unit, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francisco J B
authors.initials: FJB
authors.lastname: Sampaio
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D001623:Betamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D052816:Foreskin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000379:methods*; D009824:Ointments / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010688:Phimosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D009824:Ointments; D001623:Betamethasone; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase