title: Easily recognizable sonographic patterns of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a malignant proliferation of ductal epithelium confined by the basement membrane of the involved breast ducts. The aim of this study was to categorize positive findings of DCIS of the breast on sonography.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 2007 to 2011, 100 pathologically proven DCIS lesions were evaluated. Four sonographic patterns used to identify DCIS have been characterized as cumulus-type, coral-type, pipe-type, and miscellaneous lesions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The lesion numbers of nonhigh-grade and high-grade DCIS were 44 and 56, respectively. The coral type (42%) was the most commonly found lesion, followed by cumulus-type (38%), pipe-type (17%), and miscellaneous (3%) lesions. There was no significant difference between the sonographic pattern and nuclear grades. However, the coral-type group was composed of significantly more high-grade DCIS cases than the other three types (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coral-, cumulus-, and pipe-type lesions are three easily recognizable sonographic findings of DCIS. Improving the breast ultrasound technique to better demonstrate the sonographic pattern is necessary to facilitate breast lesion interpretation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Chia-Ling
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Huei-Lung
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Chen-Pin
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Jer-Shyung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Tsung-Lung
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Yi-Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: panhb@vghks.gov.tw.
authors.forename: Huay-Ben
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D002285:Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D014463:Ultrasonography
keywords: breast; ductal carcinoma in situ; sonography; ultrasound