title: Periodontal condition in relation to intake of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
abstract: To examine whether the intake of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is associated with periodontal condition.
  
  
  
  The study population consisted of non-smoking, non-diabetic and non-rheumatoid individuals in the Health 2000 Survey in Finland. Analyses were made in two age groups: 30-49 years (n = 1212) and 50-79 years (n = 980). Clinically determined sextants with gingival bleeding and teeth with periodontal pockets were used as outcome variables. Dietary data were collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Energy-adjusted intakes of arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs, as well as ratios of EPA/AA and of DHA/AA, and omega-3/omega-6 PUFAs were used as exposures. Prevalence rate ratios were estimated using Poisson regression models.
  
  
  
  In this population, there were no statistically significant associations between the examined omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acids or their ratios and the periodontal outcome variables.
  
  
  
  This cross-sectional study provided evidence that individual omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acids, their subclasses or ratios are not associated with periodontal health among a non-diabetic, non-rheumatoid and non-smoking population.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. leena.jauhiainen@uef.fi.|Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, North Karelia Central Hospital and Honkalampi Centre, Joensuu, Finland. leena.jauhiainen@uef.fi.
authors.forename: Leena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jauhiainen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.|Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.|Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.|Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), Oulu University Hospital and Oulu University, Oulu, Finland.|Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Pekka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ylöstalo
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Satu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Männistö
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Noora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kanerva
authors.affiliation: Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), Oulu University Hospital and Oulu University, Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knuuttila
authors.affiliation: Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.|Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.|The Living Environment and Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland.|The Health Monitoring Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Anna L
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8543-0055
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Suominen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D005387:Finland; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010519:Periodontium
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid
keywords: gingival bleeding; inflammation; nutrition; periodontal pocketing; polyunsaturated fatty acids