title: Greener synthesis of indolizine analogues using water as a base and solvent: study for larvicidal activity against Anopheles arabiensis.
abstract: Greener synthesis of a series of novel indolizine analogues have been achieved by the cyclization of aromatic cycloimmonium ylides with electron-deficient alkynes in the presence of water as the base and solvent at 80 °C. Yield of the title compounds was good and reactions performed were eco-friendly. The structures of these newly synthesized compounds have been confirmed by spectroscopic techniques such as FTIR, NMR, LC-MS, and elemental analysis. Characterized title compounds were evaluated for larvicidal activity against Anopheles arabiensis by standard WHO larvicidal assay using Temefos as standard at 4 μg/mL. Title compounds 2e, 2f, and 2g emerged as promising larvicidal agents.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: Chandrashekharappa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sandeep
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa. katharigattav@dut.ac.za.
authors.forename: Katharigatta N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Venugopala
authors.affiliation: CREAN-IMBIV (CONICET-UNC), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Raquel M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Gleiser
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa.
authors.forename: Abeen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chetram
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Sahyadri Science College (Autonomous), Shimoga, India. basavarajpadmashali@yahoo.com.|Department of Studies and Research in Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India. basavarajpadmashali@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Basavaraj
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Padmashali
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Jain University, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: Rashmi S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, Durban, South Africa.
authors.forename: Rashmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Venugopala
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa.
authors.forename: Bharti
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Odhav
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D066241:Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D007212:Indolizines / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects*; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D007212:Indolizines; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water
keywords: characterization; indolizine analogues; larvicidal activity; synthesis