title: Cognitive phenotypes in childhood idiopathic epilepsies.
abstract: The objective of this study was to identify cognitive phenotypes in children with new-onset focal and generalized idiopathic epilepsies and determine their relationship with epilepsy syndrome, brain structure, neurodevelopmental history, and family characteristics.
  
  
  
  One hundred thirty-eight children with new-onset epilepsy and 95 controls (age: 8-18) underwent neuropsychological, clinical, and quantitative MR evaluations. Control participants' neuropsychological data were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis and then resultant factor scores were applied to participants with epilepsy and subjected to latent class analysis. Identified cognitive phenotypes were examined in relation to epilepsy syndrome, quantitative neuroimaging, and familial and neurodevelopmental variables.
  
  
  
  Confirmatory factor analysis identified five cognitive factors (verbal, perceptual, speed, attention, executive), and latent class analysis identified three clusters of participants with epilepsy: 1) average and similar to controls, 2) mild impairment across multiple cognitive domains, and 3) impairment across all domains with severe attentional impairment, representing 44%, 44%, and 12% of the epilepsy sample, respectively. Cognitive phenotype membership was not associated with epilepsy syndrome but was associated with increasing abnormalities in brain structure, parental IQ, and features of early developmental history.
  
  
  
  Cognitive phenotypes are present in idiopathic childhood epilepsies that are unassociated with traditional epilepsy syndromes but are associated with measures of brain structure, family history, and neurodevelopmental features.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States. Electronic address: hermann@neurology.wisc.edu.
authors.forename: Bruce P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Hermann
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States.
authors.forename: Qianqian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States.
authors.forename: Daren C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States.
authors.forename: Jana E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dabbs
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States.
authors.forename: Dace
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Almane
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Carl E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Stafstrom
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Department, Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, WI, United States.
authors.forename: Monica A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Koehn
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Health Sciences, North Chicago, IL, United States.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seidenberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States.
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Rathouz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002648:Child; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000523:psychology*; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009929:Organ Size / Q000502:physiology; D010641:Phenotype
keywords: Children; Cognition; Epilepsy; New-onset; Phenotypes