title: Massive Cerebral Infarction Following Facial Fat Injection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Autologous facial fat injection is becoming popular around the world. Semiliquid fat grafts are used for correction of deformities or aesthetic purposes. Fat transfer is a mini-invasive surgical procedure, but causes severe complications occasionally.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 30-year-old female patient presented to our hospital with sudden unconsciousness and left limb weakness 8 h after facial fat injection. Brain arteriography (CTA) and venography were performed immediately after her admission. Frontal temporoparietal decompressive craniectomy plus multiple treatments was scheduled for the patient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patient was diagnosed with extensive cerebral infarction of the right hemisphere. CTA showed that both external and internal carotid arteries were obstructed. A sectional filling defect could be seen at the telecentric segment of the right carotid artery. No development was observed during the full course of the treatment at the carotid bifurcation, external carotid artery, or internal carotid artery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Routine cosmetic procedures of facial fat injections could cause devastating and even fatal complications to patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the A5 online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 You Yi Road, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 You Yi Road, Chongqing, China. 42019142@qq.com.
authors.forename: Hengshu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000637:transplantation*; D000328:Adult; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007271:Injections, Intradermal / Q000009:adverse effects; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Cerebral infarction; Fat embolism; Fat injection