title: Myofibroblasts of the muscle layer stimulate the malignant potential of colorectal cancer.
abstract: Myofibroblasts of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been associated with histopathological factors such as lymph node metastasis, liver metastasis and local recurrence. However, few studies have assessed the association between these malignant potentials and the myofibroblast distribution in CRC. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between clinical factors and myofibroblast distribution around CRC invasive lesions. The study included 121 cases of pT3 CRC that were diagnosed at stage II or III. Myofibroblast density of the following three histological layers was measured: the submucosa (SM), muscularis propria (MP) and subserosa (SS). We analyzed the relationship between the clinicopathological factors and myofibroblast density by studying the histopathological features of the three layers. The myofibroblast density of the MP layer was significantly higher in the groups with high-frequency lymphatic and venous invasion than the groups with low-frequency lymphatic (P<0.001) and venous (P<0.01) invasion, respectively. In the positive lymph node metastasis group, the myofibroblast density at the MP layer was significantly higher than that in the negative lymph node metastasis group (P<0.001). The high myofibroblast density group at the MP layer was significantly associated with poor overall survival (P<0.003). Our study indicated that myofibroblasts are a type of cancer-associated fibroblasts and that the myofibroblast distribution contributes to the malignant potential of CRC. Furthermore, we demonstrated that myofibroblasts present at the MP layer play an important role in the malignant potential and poor prognosis of patients with CRC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Bioscience, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takatsuna
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Bioscience, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morohashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Bioscience, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshizawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Bioscience, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Bioscience, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Haga
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Bioscience, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Bioscience, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Yunyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morohashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hakamada
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Terai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Bioscience, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kijima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000473:pathology*; D058628:Myofibroblasts / Q000473:pathology*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis