title: Peptide vaccination therapy: Towards the next generation.
abstract: The aim of peptide vaccination therapy is to stimulate and activate peptide-specific T cells to reject tumor cells. This strategy has been promoted by the discovery of tumor-associated antigens recognized by T cells. Peptide vaccination therapy can induce immune responses in some cancer patients but the objective clinical response rates are still low. To improve of the efficacy of peptide vaccination therapy: (i) cancer stem cell antigens specifically expressed in carcinoma/sarcoma stem-like cells but not in normal cells are needed; (ii) peptide vaccination therapy should be performed in the earlier stages; and (iii) memory T stem cells should be regulated to maintain long-lasting immune responses to the peptide vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan. tukahara@sapmed.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tomohide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsukahara
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirohashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanaseki
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Munehide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakatsugawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Terufumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Torigoe
mesh_terms: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit
keywords: antibody recognizing HLA/peptide complex; cancer stem cell antigen; carcinoma; clinical trial; memory T stem cell; peptide vaccination; sarcoma