title: Improved Electrochromic Performance of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) by Incorporating a Three-Dimensionally Ordered Macroporous Structure.
abstract: In this paper, three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) films were electropolymerized from an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Bmim]PF6). The electrochromic performances of the 3DOM PEDOT films were studied. The 3DOM films exhibited high transmittance modulation (41.2 % at λ=580 nm), high ionic fast switching speeds (0.7 and 0.7 s for coloration and bleaching, respectively), and enhanced cycling stability relative to that exhibited by the dense PEDOT film. The relationship between the declining behavior of the transmittance modulation and the nanostructure of the film was investigated. A three-period decay process was proposed to understand the declining behavior. The 3D interconnected macroporous nanostructure is beneficial for fast ion and electron transportation, high ion accessibility, and maintenance of structure integrity, which result in enhanced cycling stability and fast switching speeds.
authors.affiliation: Center for Composite Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Hangchuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Huiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.affiliation: Center for Composite Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Haiming
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Center for Composite Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Jiupeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Guizhou Construction Science Research & Design Institute Limited Company of China State Construction Engineering Corporation (CSCEC), Guiyang, 550000, China.
authors.forename: Xingang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Electrochemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, 38678, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany.
authors.forename: Endres
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.affiliation: Center for Composite Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China. yaoli@hit.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
keywords: conducting materials; electrochemistry; electrochromism; nanostructures; thin films