title: Next-generation capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry approaches in metabolomics.
abstract: Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry has shown considerable potential for profiling polar ionogenic compounds in metabolomics. Hyphenation of capillary electrophoresis to mass spectrometry is generally performed via a sheath-liquid interface. However, the electrophoretic effluent is significantly diluted in this configuration thereby limiting the utility of this method for highly sensitive metabolomics studies. Moreover, in this set-up the intrinsically low-flow property of capillary electrophoresis is not effectively utilized in combination with electrospray ionization. Here, advancements that significantly improved the performance of capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry are considered, with a special emphasis on the sheathless porous tip interface. Attention is also devoted to various technical aspects that still need to be addressed to make capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry a robust approach for probing the polar metabolome.
authors.affiliation: Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, The Netherlands; Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hankemeier
authors.affiliation: Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, The Netherlands. Electronic address: r.ramautar@lacdr.leidenuniv.nl.
authors.forename: Rawi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramautar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D055442:Metabolome; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*