title: Gut microbiota in autoimmunity: potential for clinical applications.
abstract: Microbial habitation in the human body begins immediately after birth, and adults are colonized by microbes outnumbering human cells by a factor of ten. Especially, intestinal track is a living space for diverse microbial species that have coevolved symbiotically. A principal function of the gut microbiota is to protect the host from harmful bacteria and to provide benefits for the host through several mechanisms, including direct competition for limited nutrients, training of host immune systems to recognize specifically foreign materials and conversion of otherwise indigestible food into energy and absorbable nutrients. Therefore, gut dysbiosis, a bacterial imbalance state, is related with the pathogenesis of various host diseases including autoimmune diseases. In the current review, we highlight the importance of gut microbiota in the normal health and autoimmune diseases. We also discuss regulation of gut dysbiosis and future direction for potential clinical applications, including treatment and diagnostics of autoimmune diseases.
authors.affiliation: Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Donghyun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Ah
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.affiliation: Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea. wan725@catholic.ac.kr.|Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea. wan725@catholic.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Wan-Uk
authors.initials: WU
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D064806:Dysbiosis / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D000069467:Fecal Microbiota Transplantation; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents
keywords: Autoimmune disease; Autoimmunity; Dysbiosis; Gut; Microbiota