title: Dietary fats and F2-isoprostanes: A review of the clinical evidence.
abstract: Evidence supports that a high dietary fat intake increases oxidative stress and the risk of diet-induced metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. F2-isoprostanes (F2-isoP) are formed by the non-enzymatic oxidation of arachidonic acid and are widely used as reliable biomarkers of oxidative stress in clinical studies. Dietary fats may influence F2-isoP levels, as they (1) are metabolic substrates for their formation, (2) modify the lipid composition of tissues, and (3) affect the plasma lipoprotein concentrations which are involved in F2-isoP transport. This review examined the latest clinical evidence on how dietary fats can affect blood circulation and excretion of F2-isoP in individuals with healthy or deteriorated metabolic profiles. Clinical studies reported that saturated or monounsaturated fat-rich diets did not affect F2-isoP levels in adults with healthy or deteriorated metabolic profiles. Though, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased F2-isoP levels in numerous studies, whereas trans-fatty acids raised F2-isoP excretion. Yet, the reported heterogeneous results reveal important considerations, such as the health status of the participants, the biological fluids used to determine F2-isoP, the analytical methods employed and the specific F2-isoP isomers detected. Therefore, future clinical studies should be designed in order to consider these issues in the studies of the effects of fat intake on oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: a Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit , CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval , Quebec , QC , Canada.|c Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medecine , Université Laval , Quebec , QC , Canada.
authors.forename: Marine S
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4209-3105
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Da Silva
authors.affiliation: a Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit , CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval , Quebec , QC , Canada.|b Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medecine , Université Laval , Quebec , QC , Canada.
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9427-5387
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Bilodeau
authors.affiliation: a Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit , CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval , Quebec , QC , Canada.|b Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medecine , Université Laval , Quebec , QC , Canada.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9247-6676
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Julien
authors.affiliation: a Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit , CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval , Quebec , QC , Canada.|c Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medecine , Université Laval , Quebec , QC , Canada.
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2392-564X
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rudkowska
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism*; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes / Q000378:metabolism*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids
keywords: 8-iso-PGF2α; clinical trial; oxidative stress; polyunsaturated fatty acids; trans-fatty acids