title: Physical and oxidation stability of self-emulsifying krill oil-in-water emulsions.
abstract: Krill oil is a unique source of omega-3 fatty acids since it is a mixture of phospholipids and triacylglycerols. Due to the presence of phospholipids, it can form oil-in-water emulsions without additional food additives. In this work, the physical stability of krill oil-in-water emulsions was determined at various pH values (3-7) and NaCl concentrations (50-1000 mM). The initial particle size ranged from 150 to 165 nm. The emulsions were the most stable at pH ≥ 5.0 and salt concentrations below 100 mM. Lipid oxidation was accelerated by iron and inhibited by Trolox and α-tocopherol. Trolox was a more effective antioxidant than α-tocopherol. α-Tocopherol had a better inhibitory effect when it was added after homogenization than when added to the lipid prior to homogenization. These results indicate that krill oil emulsions could represent a self-emulsifying, oxidatively stable source of omega-3 fatty acids that may be used in functional foods.
authors.affiliation: Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrial Fermentation, Research Center of Food Fermentation Engineering and Technology of Hubei, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China. wangchao5412@163.com Dongshengli86@163.com.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Sibel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uluata
authors.forename: Leqi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Dongsheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mcclements
authors.forename: Eric A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Decker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D002839:Chromans / Q000737:chemistry; D004655:Emulsions; D033201:Euphausiacea / Q000737:chemistry*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000737:chemistry*; D055951:Functional Food; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010316:Particle Size; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry; D055585:Physical Phenomena; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002839:Chromans; D004655:Emulsions; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D009821:Oils; D010743:Phospholipids; D007501:Iron; D024505:Tocopherols; C010643:6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid