title: Development and validation of a novel questionnaire for self-determination of the range of motion of wrist and elbow.
abstract: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a novel self-administered questionnaire for assessing the patient's own range of motion (ROM) of the wrist and the elbow.
  
  
  
  In a prospective clinical study from January 2015 to June 2015, 101 consecutive patients were evaluated with a novel, self-administered, diagram-based, wrist motion assessment score (W-MAS) and elbow motion assessment score (E-MAS). The questionnaire was statistically evaluated for test-retest reliability, patient-physician agreement, comparison with healthy population, and influence of covariates (age, gender, affected side and involvement in workers' compensation cases).
  
  
  
  Assessment of patient-physician agreement demonstrated almost perfect agreement (k > 0.80) with regard to six out of eight items. There was substantial agreement with regard to two items: elbow extension (k = 0.76) and pronation (k = 0.75). The assessment of the test-retest reliability revealed at least substantial agreement (k = 0.70). The questionnaire revealed a high discriminative power when comparing the healthy population with the study group (p = 0.007 or lower for every item). Age, gender, affected side and involvement in workers' compensation cases did not in general significantly influence the patient-physician agreement for the questionnaire.
  
  
  
  The W-MAS and E-MAS are valid and reliable self-administered questionnaires that provide a high level of patient-physician agreement for the assessments of wrist and elbow ROM.
  
  
  
  Diagnostic study, Level II.
authors.affiliation: Department for Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen at Heidelberg University Hospital, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schnetzke
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Svenja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schüler
authors.affiliation: Department for Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen at Heidelberg University Hospital, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany.
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Keil
authors.affiliation: Department for Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen at Heidelberg University Hospital, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aytac
authors.affiliation: Department for Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen at Heidelberg University Hospital, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Studier-Fischer
authors.affiliation: Department for Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen at Heidelberg University Hospital, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany.
authors.forename: Paul-Alfred
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Grützner
authors.affiliation: Department for Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen at Heidelberg University Hospital, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany. guehring@uni-heidelberg.de.|Department for Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen at the University of Heidelberg, Ludwig Guttmann Strasse 13, 67071, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany. guehring@uni-heidelberg.de.
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Guehring
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D059026:Diagnostic Self Evaluation; D004551:Elbow Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014955:Wrist Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Elbow; Measurement tool; Questionnaire; Range of motion; Reliability; Self-assessment; Validity; Wrist