title: Clinical significance of SLC2A9/GLUT9 rs11722228 polymorphisms in gout.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The main objective of this study is to elucidate the clinical significance of the SLC2A9/GLUT9 rs11722228 polymorphism among male gout patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We consecutively recruited all newly diagnosed male gout patients who were treatment-naive from the rheumatology outpatient clinics of two Malaysian hospitals. Age-matched healthy male adults were employed as controls. All subjects were tested for the SLC2A9/GLUT9 rs11722228 genotypes, serum uric acid (SUA), urine uric acid and creatinine levels. All gout subjects were examined for the presence of tophi and sonographically screened for renal calculi.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 73 male gout patients and 73 age-matched healthy male adults were recruited in this study. The genotypic frequencies of SLC2A9/GLUT9 rs1172228 did not differ significantly between the gout cases and the healthy controls. The gout subjects with the CC genotype had significantly higher SUA levels (P = 0.002), family history of gout (P < 0.050) and the occurrence of renal calculi (P = 0.026). The SUA-adjusted odds ratios (OR) of the occurrence of renal calculi in the CC genotype (OR = 1 [reference]) was significantly higher than the CT genotype (OR = 0.338, 95%CI: 0.141-0.813) and the TT genotype (OR = 0.271, 95%CI: 0.086-0.854).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The genotypic distribution of SLC2A9/GLUT9 rs1172228 in male gout patients did not differ significantly from that of healthy male controls. However, the CC genotype in gout had significant associations with higher levels of SUA, renal calculi and a positive family history of gout.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, International Medical University, Seremban, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Esha
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Das Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Rajalingham
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sakthiswary
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, International Medical University, Seremban, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Shing L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, International Medical University, Seremban, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Shew F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Putrajaya Hospital, Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Heselynn
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hussein
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Tuanku Jaafar Hospital, Seremban, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Suk C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Gun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005819:Genetic Markers; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D051246:Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006073:Gout / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics* / Q000652:urine; D040941:Heredity; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics* / Q000652:urine; D016015:Logistic Models; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010375:Pedigree; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D051246:Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative; C411811:SLC2A9 protein, human; D014527:Uric Acid; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: SLC2A9/GLUT9 rs1172228; genotypes; gout