title: Erosive effect of different dietary substances on deciduous and permanent teeth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the effect of different dietary substances on deciduous and permanent enamel.
  
  
  METHODS
  Enamel specimens were prepared from human teeth (n = 108 deciduous molars and n = 108 permanent premolars). We measured the chemical parameters (pH, titratable acidity, viscosity, calcium, phosphate, fluoride concentration and degree of saturation) of nine dietary substances. The teeth were immersed in the respective substance (2 × 2 min; 30 °C; shaking), and we measured the baseline surface hardness (SH) in Vickers hardness numbers (VHN), and the changes in SH after 2 min (ΔSH2-0) and the 4 min (ΔSH4-0) immersion. We analysed the differences between deciduous and permanent teeth using the Wilcoxon test and correlated ΔSH to the different chemical parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Deciduous teeth were significantly softer (549.53 ± 59.41 VHN) than permanent teeth (590.15 ± 55.31 VHN; p < 0.001) at baseline, but they were not more vulnerable to erosive demineralization. Only orange juice, which presented milder erosive potential, caused significantly more demineralisation in deciduous teeth at ΔSH4-0. Practically all chemical parameters significantly correlated with ΔSH (p < 0.05). Substances with lower pH, higher titratable acidity, lower Ca, higher Piand lower F concentrations, higher viscosity and more undersaturated solutions presented more erosive demineralisation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Different parameters in dietary substances affect erosive demineralisation in deciduous and permanent teeth, but we generally observed no differences in susceptibility to erosion between both types of teeth; only orange juice (less severe acid conditions) caused perceptible differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We observe that permanent teeth are harder than deciduous teeth, but most substances cause no perceptible difference in erosive demineralisation in both types of teeth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland. thiagosaads@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baumann
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lussi
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D002182:Candy; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects*; D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008963:Molar; D010710:Phosphates / Q000032:analysis; D013499:Surface Properties; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000139:chemically induced*; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000187:drug effects; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; D005459:Fluorides; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Chemical properties; Dental erosion; Dietary factors; Liability; Permanent teeth; Primary teeth