title: Comparison of fresh, dried and stir-frying gingers in decoction with blood stasis syndrome in rats based on a GC-TOF/MS metabolomics approach.
abstract: In China, ginger (Zingiberofficinale Rosc.) and its processed products, such as dried ginger and stir-frying ginger are commonly applied in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The paper presents the research on the effects of fresh ginger, dried ginger and stir-frying ginger extracts in blood stasis syndrome. First, a blood stasis syndrome rats model was established and then the hemorheological and blood coagulation activities were analyzed. Third, a sensitive, simple, and valid gas chromatography combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS) method was established to compare the metabolic fingerprint coupled with multivariate analysis. The total 27 metabolites (16 in serum and 11 in urine) were identified and contributed to the blood stasis progress. These metabolites mainly involve six metabolism pathways in different impact-value. The altered efficacy index and metabolites can be regulated to normal levels by fresh ginger (FG), dried ginger (DG) and stir-frying ginger (SG). FG is the most effective as shown by the efficacy index, similarity analysis and peak intensity. The result presented here shows that metabolomics equipped with efficacy index makes it possible to study the blood stasis syndrome and to compare the effect and metabolites in fresh, dried and stir-frying gingers. The metabolomics approach can be recommended to study the pharmacological effect and mechanism of herbal drugs.
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Grade 3 Laboratory of TCM Preparation, State Administration of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China.
authors.forename: YanQuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China.
authors.forename: YuXin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Grade 3 Laboratory of TCM Preparation, State Administration of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China.
authors.forename: YongZhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Grade 3 Laboratory of TCM Preparation, State Administration of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China.
authors.forename: JiaRong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Grade 3 Laboratory of TCM Preparation, State Administration of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China.
authors.forename: LunZhu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China. Electronic address: hyan2003@163.com.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005421:Flavoring Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional / Q000379:methods; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005421:Flavoring Agents; D009822:Oils, Volatile
keywords: Blood stasis syndrome; GC–TOF/MS; Ginger; Metabolomics