title: Unraveling the Mechanism and Regioselectivity of the B12-Dependent Reductive Dehalogenase PceA.
abstract: PceA is a cobalamin-dependent reductive dehalogenase that catalyzes the dechlorination of perchloroethylene to trichloroethylene and then to cis-dichloroethylene as the sole final product. The reaction mechanism and the regioselectivity of this enzyme are investigated by using density functional calculations. Four different substrates, namely, perchloroethylene, trichloroethylene, cis-dichloroethylene, and chlorotheylene, have been considered and were found to follow the same reaction mechanism pattern. The reaction starts with the reduction of Co(II) to Co(I) through a proton-coupled electron transfer process, with the proton delivered to a Tyr246 anion. This is followed by concerted C-Cl bond heterolytic cleavage and proton transfer from Tyr246 to the substrate carbon atom, generating a Co(III) -Cl intermediate. Subsequently, a one-electron transfer leads to the formation of the Co(II) -Cl product, from which the chloride and the dehalogenated product can be released from the active site. The substrate reactivity follows the trend perchloroethylene>trichloroethylene≫cis-dichloroethylene≫chlorotheylene. The barriers for the latter two substrates are significantly higher compared with those for perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene, implying that PceA does not catalyze their degradation. In addition, the formation of cis-dichloroethylene has a lower barrier by 3.8 kcal mol(-1) than the formation of trans-dichloroethylene and 1,1-dichloroethylene, reproducing the regioselectivity. These results agree quite well with the experimental findings, which show cis-dichloroethylene as the sole product in the PceA-catalyzed dechlorination of perchloethylene and trichloroethylene.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China. rongzhen@hust.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Rong-Zhen
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8989-6928
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Shi-Lu
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Per E M
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Siegbahn
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D004000:Dichloroethylenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D004579:Electron Transport; D005025:Ethylene Dichlorides / Q000737:chemistry*; D054879:Halogenation; D013750:Tetrachloroethylene / Q000737:chemistry*; D014241:Trichloroethylene; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004000:Dichloroethylenes; D005025:Ethylene Dichlorides; C029297:vinylidene chloride; D014241:Trichloroethylene; C024565:ethylene dichloride; D014805:Vitamin B 12; D013750:Tetrachloroethylene
keywords: cobalamin; density functional calculations; reaction mechanisms; reductive dechlorination; regioselectivity