title: The Zinc Finger Transcription Factor Sp9 Is Required for the Development of Striatopallidal Projection Neurons.
abstract: Striatal medium-sized spiny neurons (MSNs), composed of striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons, are derived from the lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE). We find that the transcription factor Sp9 is expressed in LGE progenitors that generate nearly all striatal MSNs and that Sp9 expression is maintained in postmitotic striatopallidal MSNs. Sp9-null mice lose most striatopallidal MSNs because of decreased proliferation of striatopallidal MSN progenitors and increased Bax-dependent apoptosis, whereas the development of striatonigral neurons is largely unaffected. ChIP qPCR provides evidence that Ascl1 directly binds the Sp9 promoter. RNA-seq and in situ hybridization reveal that Sp9 promotes expression of Adora2a, P2ry1, Gpr6, and Grik3 in the LGE and striatum. Thus, Sp9 is crucial for the generation, differentiation, and survival of striatopallidal MSNs.
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Qiangqiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Chunyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Zhejun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Qifei
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Jiwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Zhidong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Qi
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience Program and Nina Ireland Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Rubenstein
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China. Electronic address: yangz@fudan.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhengang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016335:Zinc Fingers / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014157:Transcription Factors
keywords: Adora2a; Ascl1; Drd2; LGE; Sp9; striatopallidal neuron; striatum