title: Efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection under general anesthesia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) under general anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2011 to July 2014, 206 consecutive patients had undergone ESD under general anesthesia for neoplasms of the stomach, esophagus, and colorectum were enrolled in this retrospective study. The efficacy and safety of ESD under general anesthesia were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The en bloc resection rate of esophageal, gastric, and colorectal lesions was 100.0%, 98.3%, and 96.1%, respectively. The complication rate of perforation and bleeding were 0.0% and 0.0% in esophageal ESD, 1.7% and 1.7% in gastric ESD, and 3.9% and 2.0% in colorectal ESD, respectively. No cases of aspiration pneumonia were observed. All complications were managed by conservative treatment, with no surgical intervention required.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With the cooperation of an anesthesiologist, ESD under general anesthesia appears to be a useful method, decreasing the risk of complications.
authors.affiliation: Kanefumi Yamashita, Hironari Shiwaku, Toshihiro Ohmiya, Hideki Shimaoka, Hiroki Okada, Ryo Nakashima, Richiko Beppu, Daisuke Kato, Takamitsu Sasaki, Seiichiro Hoshino, Yuichi Yamashita, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Kanefumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.affiliation: Kanefumi Yamashita, Hironari Shiwaku, Toshihiro Ohmiya, Hideki Shimaoka, Hiroki Okada, Ryo Nakashima, Richiko Beppu, Daisuke Kato, Takamitsu Sasaki, Seiichiro Hoshino, Yuichi Yamashita, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Hironari
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shiwaku
authors.affiliation: Kanefumi Yamashita, Hironari Shiwaku, Toshihiro Ohmiya, Hideki Shimaoka, Hiroki Okada, Ryo Nakashima, Richiko Beppu, Daisuke Kato, Takamitsu Sasaki, Seiichiro Hoshino, Yuichi Yamashita, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohmiya
authors.affiliation: Kanefumi Yamashita, Hironari Shiwaku, Toshihiro Ohmiya, Hideki Shimaoka, Hiroki Okada, Ryo Nakashima, Richiko Beppu, Daisuke Kato, Takamitsu Sasaki, Seiichiro Hoshino, Yuichi Yamashita, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimaoka
authors.affiliation: Kanefumi Yamashita, Hironari Shiwaku, Toshihiro Ohmiya, Hideki Shimaoka, Hiroki Okada, Ryo Nakashima, Richiko Beppu, Daisuke Kato, Takamitsu Sasaki, Seiichiro Hoshino, Yuichi Yamashita, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.affiliation: Kanefumi Yamashita, Hironari Shiwaku, Toshihiro Ohmiya, Hideki Shimaoka, Hiroki Okada, Ryo Nakashima, Richiko Beppu, Daisuke Kato, Takamitsu Sasaki, Seiichiro Hoshino, Yuichi Yamashita, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.affiliation: Kanefumi Yamashita, Hironari Shiwaku, Toshihiro Ohmiya, Hideki Shimaoka, Hiroki Okada, Ryo Nakashima, Richiko Beppu, Daisuke Kato, Takamitsu Sasaki, Seiichiro Hoshino, Yuichi Yamashita, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Richiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Beppu
authors.affiliation: Kanefumi Yamashita, Hironari Shiwaku, Toshihiro Ohmiya, Hideki Shimaoka, Hiroki Okada, Ryo Nakashima, Richiko Beppu, Daisuke Kato, Takamitsu Sasaki, Seiichiro Hoshino, Yuichi Yamashita, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Kanefumi Yamashita, Hironari Shiwaku, Toshihiro Ohmiya, Hideki Shimaoka, Hiroki Okada, Ryo Nakashima, Richiko Beppu, Daisuke Kato, Takamitsu Sasaki, Seiichiro Hoshino, Yuichi Yamashita, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Takamitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.affiliation: Kanefumi Yamashita, Hironari Shiwaku, Toshihiro Ohmiya, Hideki Shimaoka, Hiroki Okada, Ryo Nakashima, Richiko Beppu, Daisuke Kato, Takamitsu Sasaki, Seiichiro Hoshino, Yuichi Yamashita, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoshino
authors.affiliation: Kanefumi Yamashita, Hironari Shiwaku, Toshihiro Ohmiya, Hideki Shimaoka, Hiroki Okada, Ryo Nakashima, Richiko Beppu, Daisuke Kato, Takamitsu Sasaki, Seiichiro Hoshino, Yuichi Yamashita, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nimura
authors.affiliation: Kanefumi Yamashita, Hironari Shiwaku, Toshihiro Ohmiya, Hideki Shimaoka, Hiroki Okada, Ryo Nakashima, Richiko Beppu, Daisuke Kato, Takamitsu Sasaki, Seiichiro Hoshino, Yuichi Yamashita, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamaura
authors.affiliation: Kanefumi Yamashita, Hironari Shiwaku, Toshihiro Ohmiya, Hideki Shimaoka, Hiroki Okada, Ryo Nakashima, Richiko Beppu, Daisuke Kato, Takamitsu Sasaki, Seiichiro Hoshino, Yuichi Yamashita, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamashita
keywords: Complication; Conscious sedation; Endoscopic submucosal dissection; General anesthesia