title: Individualized p-Doped Carbon Nanohorns.
abstract: A facile approach to individualize spherically aggregated pristine carbon nanohorns (pr-CNHs) was established. Specifically, we found that treatment of pr-CNHs with chlorosulfonic acid generates positively charged polarized species, which disintegrate toward individualized carbon nanohorns (in-CNHs). Interestingly, the isolated in-CNHs were revealed to be p-doped owing to the adsorption of chlorosulfonate units. The findings were confirmed by data derived from high-resolution transmission electron microscopy imaging, Raman and ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy, and additionally supported by theoretical calculations and thermogravimetry.
authors.affiliation: Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens, 11635, Greece.
authors.forename: Anastasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stergiou
authors.affiliation: Inorganic Functional Materials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Anagahora 2266-98, Shimoshidami, Moriyamaku, Nagoya, 463-8560, Japan.|Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, 305-8565, Japan.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronic Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-05 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronic Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-05 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.affiliation: Institut des Materiaux Jean Rouxel, CNRS, Universite de Nantes, 2 Rue de la Houssiniere, BP32229, 44322, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Christopher P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Ewels
authors.affiliation: Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, 305-8565, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suenaga
authors.affiliation: Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, 305-8565, Japan.
authors.forename: Minfang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, 305-8565, Japan.
authors.forename: Masako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yudasaka
authors.affiliation: Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens, 11635, Greece. tagmatar@eie.gr.
authors.forename: Nikos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tagmatarchis
keywords: carbon nanohorns; chlorosulfonic acid; electronic properties; individualization; p-doping