title: Reducing implicit racial preferences: II. Intervention effectiveness across time.
abstract: Implicit preferences are malleable, but does that change last? We tested 9 interventions (8 real and 1 sham) to reduce implicit racial preferences over time. In 2 studies with a total of 6,321 participants, all 9 interventions immediately reduced implicit preferences. However, none were effective after a delay of several hours to several days. We also found that these interventions did not change explicit racial preferences and were not reliably moderated by motivations to respond without prejudice. Short-term malleability in implicit preferences does not necessarily lead to long-term change, raising new questions about the flexibility and stability of implicit preferences. (PsycINFO Database Record
authors.affiliation: Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics, Harvard University.
authors.forename: Calvin K
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-2437-9783
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Washington.
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authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Skinner
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Colgate University.
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authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin.
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authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin.
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authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of California.
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authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California.
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authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California.
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authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Carleton College.
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authors.initials: JC
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authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University.
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Joy-Gaba
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Florida.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Conway
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Florida.
authors.forename: Liz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Redford
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Florida.
authors.forename: Rick A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Yale University.
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Roussos
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Yale University.
authors.forename: Fabian M H
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Schellhaas
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University.
authors.forename: Mason
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authors.lastname: Burns
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Texas.
authors.forename: Xiaoqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Rutgers University.
authors.forename: Meghan C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: McLean
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Virginia.
authors.forename: Jordan R
authors.initials: JR
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authors.affiliation: Measurement Incorporated.
authors.forename: Shaki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Asgari
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Wesleyan University.
authors.forename: Kathleen
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authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Rutgers University.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rubinstein
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Harvard University.
authors.forename: Maddalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marini
authors.affiliation: Department of Communication and Economics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia.
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rubichi
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University.
authors.forename: Jiyun-Elizabeth L
authors.initials: JE
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authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Virginia.
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
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mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D011287:Prejudice; D044469:Racial Groups; D013240:Stereotyping; D055815:Young Adult