title: Exploring metal detoxification and accumulation potential during vermicomposting of Tea factory coal ash: sequential extraction and fluorescence probe analysis.
abstract: Metal contamination from coal ashes (CAs) is widely recognized as a significant environmental concern. To learn more about metal detoxification and accumulation potential of earthworm species, metal-rich tea factory coal ashes (TFCA) were fed to Eisenia fetida and Lampito mauritii by employing a fluorescent tag detection method. Fascinatingly, on feeding fluorescence probed Zn and Cd along with cow dung to Eisenia fetida, the detection of the gut-proteins with a molecular mass higher than 100 kDa was a distinct evidence of metal binding. Significant increases were observed in the content of humified organic C [humic acid (HAC) and fulvic acid C (FAC)] and degree of humification during vermicomposting. Concurrently, considerably large amount of toxic metals (Cr, Cd, Pb, and Zn) was transformed from exchangeable to recalcitrant (organic matter and mineral bound) fractions. Moreover, total metal concentrations were reduced with high removal efficiency upon vermicomposting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Assam 784028, India.
authors.forename: Linee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Goswami
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Assam 784028, India.
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pratihar
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Assam 784028, India.
authors.forename: Suman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dasgupta
authors.affiliation: Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand 815301, India.
authors.forename: Pradip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhattacharyya
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Assam 784028, India.
authors.forename: Pronab
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mudoi
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Assam 784028, India.
authors.forename: Jayanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bora
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Assam 784028, India.
authors.forename: Satya Sundar
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Bhattacharya
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ki Hyun
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000032:analysis; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D060729:Coal Ash / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000076282:Composting / Q000379:methods*; D006812:Humic Substances / Q000032:analysis; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001578:Benzopyrans; D060729:Coal Ash; D006812:Humic Substances; D002104:Cadmium; D015032:Zinc; C005023:fulvic acid