title: Bacterial Spheroplasts as a Model for Visualizing Membrane Translocation of Antimicrobial Peptides.
abstract: Studies attempting to characterize the membrane translocation of antimicrobial and cell-penetrating peptides are frequently limited by the resolution of conventional light microscopy. This study shows that spheroplasts provide a valuable approach to overcome these limits. Spheroplasts produce less ambiguous images and allow for more systematic analyses of localization. Data collected with spheroplasts are consistent with studies using normal bacterial cells and imply that a particular peptide may not always follow the same mechanism of action.
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Program, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: LaBouyer
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Program, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts, USA Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts, USA ldarling@wellesley.edu delmore@wellesley.edu.
authors.forename: Louise E O
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Darling
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Program, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts, USA Department of Chemistry, Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts, USA ldarling@wellesley.edu delmore@wellesley.edu.
authors.forename: Donald E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Elmore
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D057846:Cell-Penetrating Peptides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000032:analysis; D054806:Magainins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000379:methods*; D011506:Proteins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D013104:Spheroplasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D029867:Xenopus Proteins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: C089669:1-(3-sulfonatopropyl)-4-(beta-(2-(di-n-octylamino)-6-naphthyl)vinyl)pyridinium betaine; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D057846:Cell-Penetrating Peptides; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D054806:Magainins; D011506:Proteins; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; C097849:buforin II; C053301:magainin 2 peptide, Xenopus