title: A national FFQ for the Netherlands (the FFQ-NL 1.0): validation of a comprehensive FFQ for adults.
abstract: A standardised, national, 160-item FFQ, the FFQ-NL 1.0, was recently developed for Dutch epidemiological studies. The objective was to validate the FFQ-NL 1.0 against multiple 24-h recalls (24hR) and recovery and concentration biomarkers. The FFQ-NL 1.0 was filled out by 383 participants (25-69 years) from the Nutrition Questionnaires plus study. For each participant, one to two urinary and blood samples and one to five (mean 2·7) telephone-based 24hR were available. Group-level bias, correlation coefficients, attenuation factors, de-attenuated correlation coefficients and ranking agreement were assessed. Compared with the 24hR, the FFQ-NL 1.0 estimated the intake of energy and macronutrients well. However, it underestimated intakes of SFA and trans-fatty acids and alcohol and overestimated intakes of most vitamins by >5 %. The median correlation coefficient was 0·39 for energy and macronutrients, 0·30 for micronutrients and 0·30 for food groups. The FFQ underestimated protein intake by an average of 16 % and K by 5 %, relative to their urinary recovery biomarkers. Attenuation factors were 0·44 and 0·46 for protein and K, respectively. Correlation coefficients were 0·43-0·47 between (fatty) fish intake and plasma EPA and DHA and 0·24-0·43 between fruit and vegetable intakes and plasma carotenoids. In conclusion, the overall validity of the newly developed FFQ-NL 1.0 was acceptable to good. The FFQ-NL 1.0 is well suited for future use within Dutch cohort studies among adults.
authors.affiliation: 1Division of Human Nutrition,Wageningen University,PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Diewertje
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sluik
authors.affiliation: 1Division of Human Nutrition,Wageningen University,PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anouk
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Geelen
authors.affiliation: 1Division of Human Nutrition,Wageningen University,PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jeanne H M
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Epidemiology,Care and Public Health Research Institute/Cardiovascular Research Institute (CAPHRI/CARIM),Maastricht University,PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Simone J P M
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0559-6838
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Eussen
authors.affiliation: 3National Institute for Public Health and the Environment,PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Henny A M
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Brants
authors.affiliation: 1Division of Human Nutrition,Wageningen University,PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Saskia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meijboom
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Epidemiology,Care and Public Health Research Institute/Cardiovascular Research Institute (CAPHRI/CARIM),Maastricht University,PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Martien C J M
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: van Dongen
authors.affiliation: 3National Institute for Public Health and the Environment,PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H Bas
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Bueno-de-Mesquita
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Epidemiology,Care and Public Health Research Institute/Cardiovascular Research Institute (CAPHRI/CARIM),Maastricht University,PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Nicole E G
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Wijckmans-Duysens
authors.affiliation: 1Division of Human Nutrition,Wageningen University,PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Pieter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: van 't Veer
authors.affiliation: 2Department of Epidemiology,Care and Public Health Research Institute/Cardiovascular Research Institute (CAPHRI/CARIM),Maastricht University,PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Pieter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Dagnelie
authors.affiliation: 3National Institute for Public Health and the Environment,PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marga C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ocké
authors.affiliation: 1Division of Human Nutrition,Wageningen University,PO Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen,The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Edith J M
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Feskens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: 24-h recall; 24hR 24-h recall; Concentration biomarkers; EPIC European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition; FFQ; ICC intraclass correlation coefficient; Measurement errors; PABA para-aminobenzoic acid; Recovery biomarkers; Validation studies