title: Negative Regulatory Role of TWIST1 on SNAIL Gene Expression.
abstract: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is crucial for specific morphogenetic movements during embryonic development as well as pathological processes of tumor cell invasion and metastasis. TWIST and SNAIL play vital roles in both developmental and pathological EMT. Our aim in this study was to investigate the functional correlation between TWIST1 and SNAIL in human ESCC cell line (KYSE-30). The packaging cell line GP293T was cotransfected with either control retroviral pruf-IRES-GFP plasmid or pruf-IRES-GFP-hTWIST1 and pGP plasmid. The KYSE-30 ESCC cells were transduced with produced viral particles and examined with inverted fluorescence microscope. DNA was extracted from transduced KYSE-30 cells and analyzed for copy number of integrated retroviral sequences in the target cell genome. The concentration of retroviral particles was determined by Real-time PCR. After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, the mRNA expression of TWIST1 and SNAIL was assessed by comparative real-time PCR amplification. Ectopic expression of TWIST1 in KYSE-30, dramatically reduces SNAIL expression. Retroviral transduction enforced TWIST1 overexpression in GFP-hTWIST1 nearly 9 folds in comparison with GFP control cells, and interestingly, this TWIST1 enforced expression caused a - 7 fold decrease of SNAIL mRNA expression in GFP-hTWIST1 compared to GFP control cells. Inverse correlation of TWIST1 and SNAIL mRNA levels may introduce novel molecular gene expression pathway controlling EMT process during ESCC aggressiveness and tumorigenesis. Consequently, these data extend the spectrum of biological activities of TWIST1 and propose that therapeutic repression of TWIST1 may be an effective strategy to inhibit cancer cell invasion and metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Mahdi
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Forghanifard
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Genetics, Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Bu-Ali square, Mashhad, 9196773117, Iran.
authors.forename: Sima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ardalan Khales
authors.affiliation: Molecular Medicine Research Department, ACECR-Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Moein
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farshchian
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
authors.forename: Abolfazl
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rad
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Homayouni-Tabrizi
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Genetics, Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Bu-Ali square, Mashhad, 9196773117, Iran. abbaszadeganmr@mums.ac.ir.
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Abbaszadegan
mesh_terms: D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000235:genetics; D018628:Gene Dosage / Q000235:genetics; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000235:genetics; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000235:genetics; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D051879:Twist-Related Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; C103173:TWIST1 protein, human; D051879:Twist-Related Protein 1
keywords: ESCC cell line; Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT); SNAIL; TWIST1