title: Observing of interprofessional collaboration in simulation: A socio-material approach.
abstract: Simulation exercises are becoming more common as an educational feature of the undergraduate training of health professionals. Not all students participate in these activities, but are assigned as observers of the actual simulation. This article presents a study that explored how social-material arrangements for observation of interprofessional collaboration in a simulated situation are enacted and how these observations are thematised and made relevant for learning. The empirical data consisted of 18 standardised video recordings of medical and nursing students observing their peer students simulate. Practice theory is used to show how observation is embodied, relational, and situated in social-material relations. The findings show two emerging ways of enacting observation-proximate observation and distant observation. The enactments are characterised by different socio-material arrangements concerning the location where the simulation took place and its material set-up as well as embodied "doings" and "relatings" between the observing students and instructors. The observing students are participating in a passive, normative position as an audience and as judges of what is correct professional behaviour.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning , Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden.
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nyström
authors.affiliation: b Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden.
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dahlberg
authors.affiliation: c Department of Medicine and Health , Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden.
authors.forename: Håkan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hult
authors.affiliation: c Department of Medicine and Health , Linköping University , Linköping , Sweden.
authors.forename: Madeleine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abrandt Dahlgren
mesh_terms: D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D007858:Learning; D013337:Students, Medical; D013338:Students, Nursing
keywords: Healthcare; interprofessional collaboration; observation; practice theory; qualitative video analysis; simulation education