title: Efficacy and safety of once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists compared with exenatide and liraglutide in type 2 diabetes: a systemic review of randomised controlled trials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have shown promising results in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Herein, we compared the efficacy and safety of once-weekly GLP-1RAs with exenatide and liraglutide separately.
  
  
  METHODS
  We systematically surveyed the pertinent literature using various databases. The randomised controlled trials that compared once-weekly GLP-1RAs with exenatide and liraglutide in type 2 diabetes were included. Our main end-points were control of glycaemia, body weight, hypoglycaemia and gastrointestinal adverse events (AEs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our analysis included eight trials involving 5531 patients. Exenatide-long-acting release (LAR), dulaglutide and taspoglutide were more effective than twice-daily exenatide in reducing glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and achieving HbA1c targets (< 7.0% and ≤ 6.5%). Liraglutide was as effective as dulaglutide and more effective than exenatide-LAR and albiglutide in controlling glycaemia. With regard to the effectiveness in decreasing body weight, exenatide-LAR, dulaglutide and taspoglutide were similar to exenatide whereas exenatide-LAR, dulaglutide and albiglutide were inferior to liraglutide. Once-weekly GLP-1RAs, exenatide and liraglutide resulted in a similar incidence of hypoglycaemia and of gastrointestinal, serious, or other AEs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Once-weekly GLP-1RAs were more effective in controlling glycaemia and equally effective in decreasing body weight than twice-daily exenatide but were inferior to liraglutide in controlling these two parameters (dulaglutide was similar with liraglutide in controlling glycaemia). Once-weekly GLP-1RAs, exenatide and liraglutide had a similar risk of causing AEs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.affiliation: Zaozhuang Science and Technology College, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Tengzhou City, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Shandong, China.|Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D000077270:Exenatide; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D007141:Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000069450:Liraglutide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014688:Venoms / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000187:drug effects; D000097789:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists
chemical_list: C555680:dulaglutide; D000077270:Exenatide; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007141:Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments; D000069450:Liraglutide; D010455:Peptides; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C541736:taspoglutide; D014688:Venoms; D000097789:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists