title: Reference values of hip abductor torque among youth athletes: Influence of age, sex and sports.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  (1) To determine the reference values of hip abductor torque in youth athletes; (2) To investigate the influence of sex, age and sports on hip abductors torque.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sports clubs.
  
  
  METHODS
  301 volleyball, basketball and futsal athletes between 10 and 19 years of age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mean value of three maximal isometric hip abductor torques, evaluated using a hand-held dynamometer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean values of maximal isometric hip abductor torque ranged from 1.03 to 1.50 Nm/kg. The dominant hip abductor torque values were greater in 15-19 years old (1.41 ± 0.27 Nm/kg) than in 10-14 years old (1.12 ± 0.31 Nm/kg). In addition, the hip abductor torque values were smaller in basketball players (1.15 ± 0.31 Nm/kg) than futsal (1.34 ± 0.37 Nm/kg) and volleyball players (1.28 ± 0.25 Nm/kg). The comparison of hip abductor torque between futsal and volleyball players revealed no difference. The hip abductor torque values were greater in male volleyball athletes (1.28 ± 0.25 Nm/kg) than female volleyball athletes (1.13 ± 0.22 Nm/kg).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study established reference values for maximal isometric hip abductor torque in youth volleyball, basketball and futsal athletes. In addition, the results demonstrated that sex, age and sports influenced hip abductor torque.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 Campus Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Minas Tênis Clube, Rua da Bahia, 2244, CEP 30160-012, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Sports Training Center-Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Natália Franco Netto
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Bittencourt
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 Campus Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thiago Ribeiro Teles
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Minas Tênis Clube, Rua da Bahia, 2244, CEP 30160-012, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriela Gomes Pavan
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: Minas Tênis Clube, Rua da Bahia, 2244, CEP 30160-012, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Amanda Priscila
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.affiliation: Minas Tênis Clube, Rua da Bahia, 2244, CEP 30160-012, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bárbara Gonçalves Braz de Magalhães
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 Campus Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Sports Training Center-Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana De Michelis
authors.initials: Lde M
authors.lastname: Mendonça
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627 Campus Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: sergioteixeirafonseca@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sérgio Teixeira
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Fonseca
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D056352:Athletes; D001490:Basketball / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors; D012916:Soccer / Q000502:physiology*; D019415:Torque; D054798:Volleyball / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Adolescent; Athletes; Hip; Muscle strength