title: Temporal differences in improvement of nasal obstruction between primary and revision septoplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Septoplasty is one of most frequently performed surgeries in otorhinolaryngologic clinics to improve nasal obstruction by correcting nasal septal deformities. Many patients require revision surgery for persistent nasal obstruction. However, the outcomes and sources of revision septoplasty are unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the discrepancy between patient's subjective and objective improvements after septoplasty by comparing primary and revision procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who underwent septoplasty from January 2012 to December 2014 were enrolled. All the subjects were questioned regarding subjective nasal symptoms before surgery and 1 month and every 3 months after surgery, with responses rated on a 7-point Likert scale. Nasal endoscopic evaluation and acoustic rhinometry were also performed with the same schedule.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred seventy-nine patients were analyzed. Subjective nasal obstruction scores of both the primary (n = 161) and revision (n = 18) groups were significantly improved at 1 month after surgery and showed no difference between the two groups. However, this improvement was sustained to the last follow-up only in the primary group. The symptom improvement rate of the primary group (85.5% [n = 109]) was significantly higher than that of the revision group (58.8% [n = 10]) at the last follow-up. There was no difference in the degree of improvement in objective findings between the two groups, including the difference and the ratio of the minimal cross-sectional area between the wider and narrower sides, and in endoscopic findings, even at the last follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with primary septoplasty, the long-term efficacy of revision septoplasty may not be clear, and there are discrepancies between the subjective and objective outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong In
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Sang Duk
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Su Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hun-Jong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Dhong
authors.forename: Seung-Kyu
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Hyo Yeol
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015508:Nasal Obstruction / Q000601:surgery*; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000601:surgery*; D012086:Reoperation