title: Thinking Developmentally: The Next Evolution in Models of Health.
abstract: As the basic sciences that inform conceptions of human health advance, so must the models that are used to frame additional research, to teach the next generation of providers, and to inform health policy. This article briefly reviews the evolution from a biomedical model to a biopsychosocial (BPS) model and to an ecobiodevelopmental (EBD) model. Like the BPS model, the EBD model reaffirms the biological significance of psychosocial features within the patient's ecology, but it does so at the molecular and cellular levels. More importantly, the EBD model adds the dimension of time, forcing providers to "think developmentally" and to acknowledge the considerable biological and psychological consequences of previous experiences. For the health care system to move from a reactive "sick care" system to a proactive "well care" system, all providers must begin thinking developmentally by acknowledging the dynamic but cumulative dance between nature and nurture that drives development, behavior, and health, not only in childhood, but across the lifespan.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, and University Hospitals Medical Practices, Westlake, OH.
authors.forename: Andrew S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Garner
mesh_terms: D006262:Health; D006296:Health Services; D006803:Human Development; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical