title: Anti-inflammatory Agents in the Treatment of Diabetes and Its Vascular Complications.
abstract: The association between hyperglycemia and inflammation and vascular complications in diabetes is now well established. Antidiabetes drugs may alleviate inflammation by reducing hyperglycemia; however, the anti-inflammatory effects of these medications are inconsistent and it is unknown whether their beneficial metabolic effects are mediated via modulation of chronic inflammation. Recent data suggest that immunomodulatory treatments may have beneficial effects on glycemia, β-cell function, and insulin resistance. However, the mechanisms underlying their beneficial metabolic effects are not always clear, and there are concerns regarding the specificity, safety, and efficacy of immune-based therapies. Herein, we review the anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects of current antidiabetes drugs and of anti-inflammatory therapies that were studied in patients with type 2 diabetes. We discuss the potential benefit of using anti-inflammatory treatments in diabetes and important issues that should be addressed prior to implementation of such therapeutic approaches.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Unit, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Rena M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pollack
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Marc Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Donath
authors.affiliation: Diabetes and Metabolism Clinical Research Center of Excellence, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: LeRoith
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Unit, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel Endocrine Service, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel gleib@hadassah.org.il.
authors.forename: Gil
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Leibowitz
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000188:drug therapy; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose