title: Increased adipsin is associated with carotid intima media thickness and metabolic disturbances in polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adipsin, a protein secreted mainly from the adipose tissue, is a structural homologous of complement factor D, a rate-limiting enzyme of the alternative complement system. Growing evidence suggests that the alternative complement system plays a role both in the regulation of energy homoeostasis and in the atherosclerosis. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive and metabolic disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To ascertain whether circulating adipsin levels are altered in women with PCOS, and whether there is an association between adipsin and metabolic parameters or carotid intima media thickness (CIMT).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 144 women with PCOS and 144 age- and BMI-matched controls without PCOS were recruited for this cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Circulating adipsin levels were measured using ELISA. Metabolic, hormonal parameters and CIMT were also determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adipsin levels were significantly elevated in women with PCOS compared with controls (91·52 ± 14·11 vs 60·31 ± 9·71 ng/ml, P < 0·001). Adipsin positively correlated with BMI, homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), free testosterone, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and CIMT in both groups. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the odds ratio for PCOS was 3·25 for patients in the highest quartile of adipsin compared with those in the lowest quartile (OR=3·25, 95% CI=2·64-4·00, P = 0·016). Our findings further indicate that BMI, HOMA-IR, hs-CRP and free testosterone are independent factors influencing serum adipsin levels and that adipsin is an independent predictor for CIMT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Circulating adipsin levels are significantly higher in women with PCOS, and the peptide is closely related to increased cardiovascular risk and metabolic disturbances.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry (PCOS Research Group), Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozlem
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gursoy Calan
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (PCOS Research Group), Department of Internal Medicine, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calan
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Pinar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yesil Senses
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (PCOS Research Group), Department of Internal Medicine, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gokcen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Unal Kocabas
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine (PCOS Research Group), Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ebru
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozden
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine (PCOS Research Group), Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kerime R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Sari
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine (PCOS Research Group), Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Merve
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kocar
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cetin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Imamoglu
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yasar M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Senses
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Giray
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bozkaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine (PCOS Research Group), Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Oktay
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bilgir
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D011416:Complement Factor D / Q000032:analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C493488:CFD protein, human; D011416:Complement Factor D