title: Pulmonary interstitial emphysema due to respiratory syncytial virus infection.
abstract: Pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) primarily affects premature infants on positive pressure ventilation. PIE is rarely reported in infants and children in the absence of mechanical ventilation and/or associated respiratory infection. We report a case of PIE in a 22-month-old girl who had severe respiratory distress due to respiratory syncytial virus infection. Chest computed tomography showed cystic lung lesions mimicking congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation. The cystic lesions spontaneously resolved after conservative treatment. Based on the clinical course and the chronological changes on imaging, the cystic lung lesions were diagnosed as localized persistent PIE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsubasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aiyoshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Masumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan. tshinkai@md.tsukuba.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Toko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shinkai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasunari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Takato
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Chikashi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gotoh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Urita
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takayasu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imai
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation; mechanical ventilation; pulmonary interstitial emphysema; respiratory syncytial virus