title: The effect of surgery and intracerebral injections on motor skill learning in rats: results from a database analysis.
abstract: Male Long-Evans rats are often used to investigate neural mechanisms of learning in the motor system. Successful acquisition of a skilled motor task is influenced by various variables such as animal supplier and batch membership. In this retrospective analysis of our laboratory database, we investigate how head and brain surgery as well as intracerebral injections that were performed to address particular scientific questions affect motor learning. Overall, invasive interventions (n=90) slow the acquisition of a skilled-reaching task when compared to naïve animals (n=184; P=0.01). With respect to subgroups, this detrimental effect widely differs between particular procedures: whereas epidural implantations of thin-film electrode arrays and punctual injection through pre-implanted cannulas into primary motor cortex (M1) do not interfere with learning, skill acquisition is slowed after chronic infusion using osmotic minipumps into M1 and skill acquisition is lastingly impaired after bilateral cannula implantation within the dorsal striatum. In line with previous reports, breeder-specific differences could be observed in the analysis of the overall population. In summary, interventions may impair learning-behavior in an unpredictable fashion. Thus, a comparison of behavioral data to a naïve population is recommended to be aware of these drawbacks.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, Department of Neurology, University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schubring-Giese
authors.affiliation: Vascular Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, Department of Neurology, University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland; cereneo Center for Neurology and Rehabilitation, Vitznau, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore MD 21231, USA. Electronic address: andreas.luft@uzh.ch.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Luft
authors.affiliation: Vascular Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, Department of Neurology, University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hosp
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D016208:Databases, Factual; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D012189:Retrospective Studies
keywords: Motor learning; Rat; Reaching task