title: New Pathogenic Concepts and Therapeutic Approaches to Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease.
abstract: In chronic kidney disease inflammatory processes and stimulation of immune cells result in overproduction of free radicals. In combination with a reduced antioxidant capacity this causes oxidative stress. This review focuses on current pathogenic concepts of oxidative stress for the decline of kidney function and development of cardiovascular complications. We discuss the impact of mitochondrial alterations and dysfunction, a pathogenic role for hyperuricemia, and disturbances of vitamin D metabolism and signal transduction. Recent antioxidant therapy options including the use of vitamin D and pharmacologic therapies for hyperuricemia are discussed. Finally, we review some new therapy options in diabetic nephropathy including antidiabetic agents (noninsulin dependent), plant antioxidants, and food components as alternative antioxidant therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, UNAM, 04510 Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: José
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6628-4411
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pedraza-Chaverri
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, INC Ignacio Chávez, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico; Department of Nephrology, INC Ignacio Chávez, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Laura G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Lozada
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, INC Ignacio Chávez, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico; Department of Nephrology, INC Ignacio Chávez, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Horacio
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Osorio-Alonso
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, INC Ignacio Chávez, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico; Department of Nephrology, INC Ignacio Chávez, 14080 Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Edilia
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-9718-6854
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tapia
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark; Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3100-8692
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scholze
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014807:Vitamin D