title: Phonatory symptoms and impact on quality of life in female patients with goiter.
abstract: Our objective is to report on the prevalence of phonatory symptoms and impact on quality of life in a group of female patients with goiter who had not been selected for surgery or who had not presented to the emergency room with respiratory distress. A total of 40 patients with goiter and 14 controls were enrolled in this study. Demographic data included age, sex, laryngopharyngeal reflux disease, allergy, smoking, duration of disease, presence or absence of compressive symptoms, presence or absence of thyroid gland nodules, vascular status, presence or absence of calcifications, and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. Phonatory symptoms included hoarseness, vocal fatigue, vocal straining, lump sensation, and aphonia. The Voice Handicap Index 10 was used to assess the impact of phonatory symptoms on quality of life. The most common phonatory symptom in the patients with goiter was vocal fatigue followed by lump sensation. The only phonatory symptom that was significantly more present in patients with goiter was vocal straining. As for the impact of phonatory symptoms on quality of life, 15.8% of goiter patients had a Voice Handicap Index score >7 compared with 7.7% of controls. Phonatory symptoms are common in patients with goiter, with vocal straining occurring significantly more frequently than in controls. In 1 of 6 patients, the presence of phonatory symptoms had an impact on quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Corresponding author: Sami T. Azar, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, 26243 Beirut, Lebanon. Email: sazar@aub.edu.lb From the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Dr. Hamdan, Dr. Dowli, Dr. Jabbour, and Dr. Sabri) and the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology (Dr. Azar), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Abdul-Latif
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hamdan
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dowli
authors.forename: Jad
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jabbour
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sabri
authors.forename: Sami T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Azar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D055154:Dysphonia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006042:Goiter / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D006685:Hoarseness / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D057045:Laryngopharyngeal Reflux / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014833:Voice Quality