title: APO-9'-Fucoxanthinone Extracted from Undariopsis peteseniana Protects Oxidative Stress-Mediated Apoptosis in Cigarette Smoke-Exposed Human Airway Epithelial Cells.
abstract: Long-term cigarette smoking increases the risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by irreversible expiratory airflow limitation. The pathogenesis of COPD involves oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Various natural marine compounds possess both anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but few have been tested for their efficacy in COPD models. In this study, we conducted an in vitro screening test to identify natural compounds isolated from various brown algae species that might provide protection against cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced cytotoxicity. Among nine selected natural compounds, apo-9'-fucoxanthinone (Apo9F) exhibited the highest protection against CSE-induced cytotoxicity in immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC2). Furthermore, the protective effects of Apo9F were observed to be associated with a significant reduction in apoptotic cell death, DNA damage, and the levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) released from CSE-exposed HBEC2 cells. These results suggest that Apo9F protects against CSE-induced DNA damage and apoptosis by regulating mitochondrial ROS production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. jangj2@upmc.edu.|Medical Specialty Service Line, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA. jangj2@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Jun-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea. lee198186@daum.net.
authors.forename: Ji-Hyeok
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA. hchand@lrri.org.
authors.forename: Hitendra S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Chand
authors.affiliation: Department of Seafood Science and Technology, Institute of Marine Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 650-160, Korea. legs@gnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jong-Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87108, USA. ylin@lrri.org.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. weathingtonnm@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Nathaniel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Weathington
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. mallampallir@upmc.edu.|Medical Specialty Service Line, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA. mallampallir@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Rama
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mallampalli
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea. youjin2014@gmail.com.
authors.forename: You-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. nyunoyat@upmc.edu.|Medical Specialty Service Line, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA. nyunoyat@upmc.edu.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nyunoya
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D000461:Rhodophyta / Q000737:chemistry*; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D013729:Terpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D020011:Protective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012906:Smoke; D013729:Terpenes; C000610945:apo-9'-fucoxanthinone
keywords: DNA damage; airway epithelial cells; apo-9′-fucoxanthinone; apoptosis; brown algae; cigarette smoke; oxidative stress