title: Expressions of Matrix Metalloproteinases 2, 7, and 9 in Carcinogenesis of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.
abstract: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly fatal disease, usually diagnosed in an advanced stage which gives a slight chance of recovery. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases that participate in tissue remodeling and stimulate neovascularization and inflammatory response. The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of MMP-2, MMP-7, and MMP-9 in normal ducts, tumor pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells, and peritumoral stroma in correlation with clinicohistopathological parameters. The study material was obtained from 29 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The expressions of MMP-2, MMP-7, and MMP-9 were performed by immunohistochemical technique. Microvessel density (MVD) was visualized by special immunostaining. The expressions of MMP-2, MMP-7, and MMP-9 were mainly observed in tumor cells and peritumoral stroma. MMP-2 expression in cancer cells was correlated with female gender, stronger inflammation, and histopathological type of cancer (R = 0.460, p = 0.013; R = 0.690, p = 0.0001; R = -0.440, p = 0.005, resp.). The expression of MMP-7 in tumor cells was found to positively correlate with the presence of necrosis and negatively correlate with MVD (R = 0.402, p = 0.031; R = -0.682, p = 0.000). We also showed that positive MMP-9 expression in tumor cells was associated with MVD (R = 0.368, p = 0.084); however, it was not statistically significant. Our results demonstrate that MMP-2, MMP-7, and MMP-9 expressions correlate with various morphological features of the PDAC tumor such as inflammation, necrosis, and formation of the new blood vessels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathomorphology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, 15-027 Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-4960-7204
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jakubowska
authors.affiliation: Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2786-7179
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pryczynicz
authors.affiliation: Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Januszewska
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sidorkiewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0893-2198
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kemona
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Niewiński
authors.affiliation: Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Łukasz
authors.initials: Ł
authors.lastname: Lewczuk
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Bogusław
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kędra
authors.affiliation: Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Guzińska-Ustymowicz
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C060932:MMP7 protein, human; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C579270:MMP9 protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9