title: Fo ATP synthase C subunit serum levels in patients with ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Preliminary findings.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent studies in cell cultures hypothesized that the long-sought molecular pore of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore could be the Fo ATP synthase C subunit (Csub). We assessed Csub in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and if it is associated with surrogate endpoints of myocardial reperfusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 158 first-time acute anterior STEMI treated with successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Csub was measured, after the procedure, in serum by ELISA. Csub values were related to thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG), TIMI frame count (TFC), ST-segment resolution and cardiac marker release. Echocardiography and clinical outcome were recorded at 6months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Csub was detectable in serum and it was not normally distributed (6.3% [4-9.3%]). Csub values were higher in patients with poor values of TMPG and TFC (p=0.002 and p=0.001, respectively). Csub values were higher in patients with absent or partial ST-segment resolution as compared to those with complete ST-segment resolution (p<0.0001 and p=0.003, respectively). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, Csub emerged as an independent determinant of absent ST-segment resolution (HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.5-2.3, p=0.007), TMPG 0-1 (HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.3-2.5, p=0.01) and TFC above the median value (HR 1.5, 95% CI 1.3-2.1, p=0.03). Left ventricle ejection fraction, wall motion score index and cumulative incidence of death and heart failure were worse in patients with elevated Csub.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study is the first evidence that Csub is detectable in STEMI patients and that it is significantly related to several surrogate markers of myocardial reperfusion.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Institute, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S.Anna, Cona, FE, Italy; Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. Electronic address: cmpglc@unife.it.
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Campo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Giampaolo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morciano
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Institute, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S.Anna, Cona, FE, Italy.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pavasini
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonora
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sbano
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Institute, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S.Anna, Cona, FE, Italy.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Biscaglia
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bovolenta
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Mirko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pinotti
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Institute, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S.Anna, Cona, FE, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Punzetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aquila
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Carlotta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giorgi
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Institute, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S.Anna, Cona, FE, Italy; Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, E.S: Health Science Foundation, Cotignola, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pinton
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D033681:Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000083162:Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; D025261:Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000097:blood*; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion / Q000379:methods; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000379:methods*; D021122:Protein Subunits; D000072657:ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D033681:Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins; D000083162:Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; D021122:Protein Subunits; D025261:Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases
keywords: F1Fo ATP synthase C subunit; Infarct size; Mitochondrial permeability transition pore; Reperfusion injury; ST-segment elevation MI; ST-segment resolution