title: World Health Organization Ranking of Antimicrobials According to Their Importance in Human Medicine: A Critical Step for Developing Risk Management Strategies to Control Antimicrobial Resistance From Food Animal Production.
abstract: Antimicrobial use in food animals selects for antimicrobial resistance in bacteria, which can spread to people. Reducing use of antimicrobials-particularly those deemed to be critically important for human medicine-in food production animals continues to be an important step for preserving the benefits of these antimicrobials for people. The World Health Organization ranking of antimicrobials according to their relative importance in human medicine was recently updated. Antimicrobials considered the highest priority among the critically important antimicrobials were quinolones, third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, macrolides and ketolides, and glycopeptides. The updated ranking allows stakeholders in the agriculture sector and regulatory agencies to focus risk management efforts on drugs used in food animals that are the most important to human medicine. In particular, the current large-scale use of fluoroquinolones, macrolides, and third-generation cephalosporins and any potential use of glycopeptides and carbapenems need to be addressed urgently.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Canberra Hospital.|Medical School, Australian National University, Acton, Australia.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Collignon
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, and Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Synder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Conly
authors.affiliation: University of Paris-Diderot Medical School, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Andremont
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: McEwen
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Safety and Zoonosis, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Awa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aidara-Kane
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Agerso
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Andremont
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Collignon
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Conly
authors.forename: Tran
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dang Ninh
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Donado-Godoy
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fedorka-Cray
authors.forename: Heriberto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galas
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Irwin
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Karp
authors.forename: Gassan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Matar
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: McDermott
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McEwen
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mitema
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reid-Smith
authors.forename: H Morgan
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Ruby
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Caroline Smith
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: DeWaal
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stelling
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toleman
authors.forename: Haruo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Gun-Jo
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Woo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004335:Drug and Narcotic Control; D059022:Food Safety; D006801:Humans; D012308:Risk Management; D014944:World Health Organization
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents
keywords: animals; antimicrobial resistance; antimicrobials; food production; risk management