title: Hypolipidemic effects of Myrica rubra extracts and main compounds in C57BL/6j mice.
abstract: The present study evaluated the antihyperlipidemic activity of myricetin, myricetrin, the alcohol fraction (AF) and the ethyl acetate fraction (EF) obtained from the bark of Myrica rubra (MR) in high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFHC) induced hyperlipidemic C57BL/6j mice. Mice were treated with myricetin, myricetrin, AF and EF with a dose of 130 mg per kg per day for 35 days. After treatment, serum parameters including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total bile acids (TBA), etc., were examined. The results revealed that EF showed the highest weight lowering activity (P < 0.01). All tested samples decreased the levels of the TC, TG, LDL-C, TBA and LPS (lipopolysaccharide) content in the serum of mice to different extents. Liver fat deposition was significantly reduced after myricetin, myricetrin, AF and EF therapy (P < 0.01). Additionally, the cell size of epididymal adipose tissue was also decreased in myricetin, AF and EF groups (P < 0.05). The antihyperlipidemic activity of these samples may be attributed to the inhibition of lipid synthesis via suppressing the expression of HMGCR (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase) and ACC1 (acetyl-CoA carboxylase), promoting the metabolism and excretion of lipids via up-regulating the expression of SREBP2 (sterol regulatory element binding proteins), LDLR (low density lipoprotein receptor), UCP2 (uncoupling protein 2) and CYP7A1 (cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase). These results may provide a powerful foundation for seeking and utilizing Myrica rubra bio-active compounds for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan University of Medicine, Hunan, 418000, China. hekai69@126.com hnyyong@163.com.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Xuegang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yubo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.forename: Zaiqi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shuping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Taimei
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Daqing
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Pincao
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Xiaoliang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xin
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000097:blood; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002790:Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D031641:Myrica / Q000737:chemistry*; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051782:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D000071246:Uncoupling Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D005419:Flavonoids; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; C497391:Srebf2 protein, mouse; D051782:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 2; D014280:Triglycerides; C000604390:Ucp2 protein, mouse; D000071246:Uncoupling Protein 2; C040015:myricetin; D002784:Cholesterol; D002790:Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase; C502772:Cyp7a1 protein, mouse