title: The association of the vitamin D status with the persistence of anti-HBs antibody at 20years after primary vaccination with recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in infancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vitamin D has potent immunoregulatory effects due to the expression of its receptor on the majority of immune cells. The aim was to evaluate the association of the vitamin D status with the persistence of anti-HBs antibody and immune response to booster immunization at 20years after primary vaccination with hepatitis B (HB) vaccine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples were collected from 300 adults 20years after completion of the primary HB vaccination in infancy. The serum levels of vitamin D and anti-HBs antibody were measured by ELISA. A single booster dose of a recombinant HB vaccine was administered to a total of 138 subjects, whose anti-HBs titer was<10IU/L. The sera of revaccinated subjects were re-tested for anti-HBs antibody, 4weeks after booster vaccination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 20years after primary vaccination, the mean vitamin D concentrations were significantly higher in seroprotective subjects as compared to non-seroprotective individuals (P<0.01). The levels of anti-HBs were significantly increased with advanced concentrations of vitamin D (P<0.01). Overall, 125/138 (90.6%) of the revaccinated subjects showed an anamnestic response to booster vaccination. The concentrations of vitamin D were significantly higher in subjects with an anamnestic response to booster vaccination as compared with subjects without this response (P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vitamin D status may influence the persistence of anti-HBs antibody and durability of protection after primary vaccination with a recombinant HB vaccine in infancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Enghlab Sq., Rafsanjan, Iran; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Electronic address: Jafarzadeh14@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jafarzadeh
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Enghlab Sq., Rafsanjan, Iran; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Keshavarz
authors.affiliation: Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bagheri-Jamebozorgi
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nemati
authors.affiliation: Islamic Azad University of Flavarjan, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Frootan
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shokri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000276:immunology; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D008297:Male; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D014807:Vitamin D