title: Perceived Parental Control, Self-Criticism, and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Among Adolescents: Testing the Reciprocal Relationships by a Three-Wave Cross-Lag Model.
abstract: This study examined the prospective and reciprocal relationships among perceived parental control, self-criticism, and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). We also examined the mediating effect of self-criticism in the relationship between perceived parental control and NSSI. We aimed to find out whether perceived parental control and self-criticism acted as risk factors for NSSI, or consequences of NSSI, or both. A group of 3,600 Chinese adolescents (mean age = 14.63 years, 56.6% female) completed questionnaires, with measures assessing NSSI, self-criticism, and parental control. A cross-lag model was used to test the reciprocal relationships among variables at 3 time points with 6-month intervals. Perceived parental control and self-criticism did not reliably predict later NSSI, but NSSI predicted later perceived parental control and self-criticism. Findings of this study emphasize the adverse effects of NSSI, and shed light on the intervention efforts of this behavior.
authors.forename: Jianing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Yongqiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Mingqin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Min-Pei
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Freedom
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Leung
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010290:Parents; D012307:Risk Factors; D012649:Self Concept; D016728:Self-Injurious Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: adolescents; cross-lag model; nonsuicidal self-injury; perceived parental control; self-criticism