title: Serum oxidized low-density lipoprotein levels are related to cardiometabolic risk and decreased after a weight loss treatment in obese children and adolescents.
abstract: The oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol particles is an early atherogeninic event. Obese pediatric populations have higher levels of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) than normal weight children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a weight loss program on the biochemical profile and oxLDL levels in Spanish obese children and adolescents.
  
  
  
  Forty obese children (mean age 11 years, 51% boys) followed a 10-week weight loss program. They were dichotomized at the median of body mass index-standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) change, as high (HR) and low responders (LR) after the intervention. The intervention included a moderate energy-restricted diet, nutritional education, and family involvement. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were performed at the beginning and during the follow up. A cardiometabolic risk score (CMS) was calculated considering metabolic risk factors.
  
  
  
  Higher baseline oxLDL levels were associated with a higher CMS in obese children (P < .001). After the intervention, oxLDL significantly decreased in the HR group. Moreover, a positive correlation between changes in oxLDL and BMI-SDS (r = 0.385, P = .015) was found after the weight loss program. Interestingly, multiple-adjusted regression models showed an association between changes in total cholesterol [B: 0.127, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.06 to 0.20] and LDL-cholesterol (B: 0.173, 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.26) with changes in oxLDL.
  
  
  
  Higher baseline oxLDL levels were associated with a higher CMS in obese children. After the weight loss program, a decrease in oxLDL levels was found in HR subjects and the oxLDL levels were associated with BMI-SDS and cholesterol levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.|IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Lydia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Morell-Azanza
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.|Epigenetics and Diabetes Unit, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden.|Department of Clinical Sciences, CRC, Scania University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: García-Calzón
authors.affiliation: Youth/Child and cAdiovascular Risk and Environmental (YCARE) Research Group, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rendo-Urteaga
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.|IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Nerea
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Martin-Calvo
authors.affiliation: IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.|Paediatric Endocrinology Unit, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chueca
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.|IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.|Center of Biomedical Research in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: José Alfredo
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.affiliation: IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.|Paediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Azcona-Sanjulián
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.|IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.|Center of Biomedical Research in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Amelia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D017195:Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D002149:Energy Intake; D005190:Family; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010352:Patient Dropouts; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D063766:Pediatric Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein
keywords: 
  BMI-SDS
  ; 
  LDL-cholesterol; dietary intervention; pediatrics