title: Soluble Intracellular Adhesion Molecule-1 in Patients with Unipolar or Bipolar Affective Disorders: Results from a Pilot Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Immunological and vascular markers may play a role in the pathophysiology of mood disorders and mood changes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To test whether the cell adhesion molecule soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) may serve as a biomarker for patients with unipolar or bipolar affective disorders when compared to a healthy control group, and whether sICAM-1 blood levels change during different mood states.
  
  
  METHODS
  sICAM-1 serum concentrations were compared between 20 healthy controls and 48 patients with affective disorders (unipolar, bipolar II and bipolar I disorder) during different mood states (euthymic mood state, depression or mania).
  
  
  RESULTS
  When compared to healthy controls, patients with affective disorders had significantly higher sICAM-1 levels during the euthymic state (p = 0.015). Differences became more pronounced during depression (p = 0.013). When unipolar and bipolar patients were analyzed separately, unipolar patients significantly differed from controls during the euthymic and depressive mood state, while bipolar II patients showed a trend towards higher sICAM-1 levels during depression. Patients with bipolar I disorders had significantly higher sICAM-1 levels during manic states when compared to controls (p = 0.007).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  sICAM-1 elevation in unipolar and bipolar patients, independent of mood changes, might support the hypothesis of chronic immune activation and endothelial dysfunction in patients with affective disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Addiction Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schaefer
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Friebe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000097:blood; D010865:Pilot Projects; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C573420:ICAM1 protein, human; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1