title: Combined Embedding of N/F-Doping and CaCO3 Surface Modification in the TiO2 Photoanode for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.
abstract: N/F-doping and CaCO3 surface modification was carried out in TiO2 photoelectrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The combined effect of the N/F doped TiO2 and the CaCO3 coating showed a great increase of the short-circuit current (J(sc)), and photoelectric conversion efficiency (η) of the prepared cells; the efficiency (η) was improved from 7.00% of a commercial TiO2 photoelectrode to 7.90% of an uncoated N/F-doped electrode, and to 9.09% of a N/F-doped and CaCO3 surface modified electrode. An enhanced photoresponse in N/F-doped TiO2 nanoparticles generate more photo-excited electrons, as supported by measured UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra. A successive CaCO3 surface modification then forms a barrier on the surface of the N/F-doped TiO2 particles; the higher basicity of the CaCO3 modified TiO2 facilitates the dye adsorption, as supported by the direct measurement of the amount of adsorbed dye.
authors.forename: Su Kyung
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Tae Kwan
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Jae Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Bae
mesh_terms: D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000737:chemistry*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D004566:Electrodes; D005461:Fluorine / Q000737:chemistry*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry*; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D033362:Powder Diffraction; D012993:Solar Energy; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; C009495:titanium dioxide; D005461:Fluorine; D014025:Titanium; D002119:Calcium Carbonate; D009584:Nitrogen