title: Hemorrhagic lumbar synovial facet cyst secondary to transforaminal epidural injection: A case report and review of the literature.
abstract: A 64-year-old-female presented with progressive left foot weakness, low back and radicular pain after a left sided S1 transforaminal epidural steroid injection (ESI). Magnetic resonance imaging revealed left side L5-S1 large extradural heterogeneous mass with layering areas suggesting different stages of hematoma formation. Past medical history was significant for peripheral vascular disease and transient ischemic attacks, for which she took aspirin and clopidogrel (antiplatelet agent). These medications were discontinued one week prior to ESI. Although synovial cysts associated with facet arthropathy are common, hemorrhagic cyst is not. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of symptomatic hemorrhagic lumbar facet synovial cyst following ESI on a patient taking anti-platelet medications.
authors.affiliation: Hossein Elgafy, Nicholas Peters, Justin E Lea, Robert M Wetzel, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH 43614, United States.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Elgafy
authors.affiliation: Hossein Elgafy, Nicholas Peters, Justin E Lea, Robert M Wetzel, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH 43614, United States.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.affiliation: Hossein Elgafy, Nicholas Peters, Justin E Lea, Robert M Wetzel, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH 43614, United States.
authors.forename: Justin E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lea
authors.affiliation: Hossein Elgafy, Nicholas Peters, Justin E Lea, Robert M Wetzel, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, OH 43614, United States.
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Wetzel
keywords: Anti-platelet therapy; Epidural injection; Hemorrhage; Lumbar synovial cyst