title: Acculturation orientations mediate the link between religious identity and adjustment of Turkish-Bulgarian and Turkish-German adolescents.
abstract: There is a growing recognition of the need to examine religiousness and conduct research on its influence on acculturation and adjustment among ethnic minorities (Güngör et al. in Int J Behav Dev 36:367-373, 2012. doi:10.1177/0165025412448357). The present study compares Turkish minority youth in Bulgaria and Germany by examining relationships among religious identity, acculturation orientations (i.e., cultural maintenance and adoption) and acculturation outcomes (i.e., life satisfaction and socio-cultural adjustment to the Turkish and mainstream cultures). Participants were 161 youth in Bulgaria and 155 in Germany who completed measures on religious identity, acculturation orientations and adjustment. Results revealed that religious identity and Turkish culture maintenance are more important for Turkish-German, than for Turkish-Bulgarian youth. A multigroup path model showed that for both samples acculturation orientations partially mediated the link between religious identity and adjustment to the Turkish culture, whereas religious identity was directly related both to adjustment to the mainstream culture and to life satisfaction. Findings highlight the centrality of religious identity and Turkish domains of acculturation for positive adjustment outcomes for Turkish youth in Bulgaria and Germany.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Frescati Hagv. 14, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden ; Department of Psychology, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-3-2, Higashihiroshima City, Hiroshima 739-8511 Japan.
authors.forename: Radosveta
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3773-8482
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dimitrova
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Bahçeşehir University, Çırağan cad. Osmanpaşa mektebi sok. 4/6, Beşiktaş, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Arzu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aydinli-Karakulak
keywords: Acculturation orientations; Religious identity; Socio-cultural adjustment; Turkish-Bulgarian and Turkish-German youth