title: Intravenous leiomyomatosis treated with radical hysterectomy and adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy.
abstract: Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL), a rare disease that is histologically benign but clinically aggressive, is characterized by the intraluminal growth of benign leiomyoma in the intrauterine and systemic veins. Preoperative diagnosis of IVL is difficult, because the symptoms of early stage IVL are similar to those of uterine leiomyoma. The efficacy of adjuvant hormone therapy after surgical resection of IVL remains unclear. Herein is described a case of IVL that was diagnosed preoperatively, in which successful total resection of the tumor was achieved by radical hysterectomy. The patient, a 50-year-old premenopausal Japanese woman, also underwent aromatase inhibitor treatment and was free of disease at 36 months after surgery. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography is suggested as the best assessment for identifying and diagnosing IVL. Radical hysterectomy can be considered a successful therapy for total resection. Aromatase inhibitor treatment may be effective, especially when the patient has not yet entered menopause.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan. cmizoguchi@oita-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Chiharu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mizoguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: Harunobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nasu
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Pathology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: Motoki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arakane
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kai
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Narahara
mesh_terms: D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D018231:Leiomyomatosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors
keywords: aromatase inhibitor; contrast-enhanced computed tomography; intravenous leiomyomatosis; preoperative diagnosis; radical hysterectomy