title: Perovskite CH3NH3PbI3(Cl) Single Crystals: Rapid Solution Growth, Unparalleled Crystalline Quality, and Low Trap Density toward 10(8) cm(-3).
abstract: Single crystal reflects the intrinsic physical properties of a material, and single crystals with high-crystalline quality are highly desired for the acquisition of high-performance devices. We found that large single crystals of perovskite CH3NH3PbI3(Cl) could be grown rapidly from chlorine-containing solutions. Within 5 days, CH3NH3PbI3(Cl) single crystal as large as 20 mm × 18 mm × 6 mm was harvested. As a most important index to evaluate the crystalline quality, the full width at half-maximum (fwhm) in the high-resolution X-ray rocking curve (HR-XRC) of as-grown CH3NH3PbI3(Cl) single crystal was measured as 20 arcsec, which is far superior to so far reported CH3NH3PbI3 single crystals (∼1338 arcsec). The unparalleled crystalline quality delivered a low trap-state density of down to 7.6 × 10(8) cm(-3), high carrier mobility of 167 ± 35 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), and long transient photovoltaic carrier lifetime of 449 ± 76 μs. The improvement in the crystalline quality, together with the rapid growth rate and excellent carrier transport property, provides state-of-the-art single crystalline hybrid perovskite materials for high-performance optoelectronic devices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Zhipeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Qingfeng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Taotao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Qianrui
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.affiliation: Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Chuangang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Jia-Lin
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Sun