title: Perspectives from NHLBI Global Health Think Tank Meeting for Late Stage (T4) Translation Research.
abstract: Almost three-quarters (74%) of all the noncommunicable disease burden is found within low- and middle-income countries. In September 2014, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute held a Global Health Think Tank meeting to obtain expert advice and recommendations for addressing compelling scientific questions for late stage (T4) research-research that studies implementation strategies for proven effective interventions-to inform and guide the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's global health research and training efforts. Major themes emerged in two broad categories: 1) developing research capacity; and 2) efficiently defining compelling scientific questions within the local context. Compelling scientific questions included how to deliver inexpensive, scalable, and sustainable interventions using alternative health delivery models that leverage existing human capital, technologies and therapeutics, and entrepreneurial strategies. These broad themes provide perspectives that inform an overarching strategy needed to reduce the heart, lung, blood, and sleep disorders disease burden and global health disparities.
authors.affiliation: Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address: michael.engelgau@nih.gov.
authors.forename: Michael M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Engelgau
authors.affiliation: Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Peprah
authors.affiliation: Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Uchechukwu K A
authors.initials: UKA
authors.lastname: Sampson
authors.affiliation: Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mishoe
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Ivor J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Benjamin
authors.affiliation: Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Pamela S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Douglas
authors.affiliation: New York University-Health and Hospitals Corporation Clinical and Translational Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Judith S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hochman
authors.affiliation: Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Ridker
authors.affiliation: Implementation Research and Delivery Science Task Force, U.S. Agency for International Development, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Neal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Brandes
authors.affiliation: Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Checkley
authors.affiliation: South Asia Region, the World Bank, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Sameh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: El-Saharty
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Council-Public Health England Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ezzati
authors.affiliation: Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Anselm
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hennis
authors.affiliation: National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Medicine, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: Harlan M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Krumholz
authors.affiliation: Office of Global Affairs at U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Gabrielle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lamourelle
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Makani
authors.affiliation: Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: K M Venkat
authors.initials: KMV
authors.lastname: Narayan
authors.affiliation: Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Kwaku
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohene-Frempong
authors.affiliation: Internal and Geriatric Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Sharon E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Straus
authors.affiliation: Department of Sociology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stuckler
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Chambers
authors.affiliation: Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Deshirée
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Belis
authors.affiliation: Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Glen C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Josephine E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Boyington
authors.affiliation: Office of Scientific Review, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Tony L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Creazzo
authors.affiliation: Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Janet M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: de Jesus
authors.affiliation: Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Chitra
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Krishnamurti
authors.affiliation: Office of Strategic Planning, Initiative Development, and Analysis, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Mia R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Lowden
authors.affiliation: Division of Lung Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Antonello
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Punturieri
authors.affiliation: Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Susan T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Shero
authors.affiliation: Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Neal S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: Division of Blood Diseases and Resources, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Shimian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Mensah
mesh_terms: D003226:Congresses as Topic; D019468:Disease Management; D014943:Global Health; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D009017:Morbidity / Q000639:trends; D000073296:Noncommunicable Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical / Q000379:methods*