title: Probiotic isolates from unconventional sources: a review.
abstract: The use of probiotics for human and animal health is continuously increasing. The probiotics used in humans commonly come from dairy foods, whereas the sources of probiotics used in animals are often the animals' own digestive tracts. Increasingly, probiotics from sources other than milk products are being selected for use in people who are lactose intolerant. These sources are non-dairy fermented foods and beverages, non-dairy and non-fermented foods such as fresh fruits and vegetables, feces of breast-fed infants and human breast milk. The probiotics that are used in both humans and animals are selected in stages; after the initial isolation of the appropriate culture medium, the probiotics must meet important qualifications, including being non-pathogenic acid and bile-tolerant strains that possess the ability to act against pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract and the safety-enhancing property of not being able to transfer any antibiotic resistance genes to other bacteria. The final stages of selection involve the accurate identification of the probiotic species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand.
authors.forename: Pairat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sornplang
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Agricultural and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Surin Campus, Surin, 32000 Thailand.
authors.forename: Sudthidol
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Piyadeatsoontorn
keywords: Fermented food; Lactic acid bacteria; Probiotics; Unconventional sources