title: Targeting cell membrane adaptation as a novel antimicrobial strategy.
abstract: Emergence of antibiotic resistance is an example of the incredible plasticity of bacteria to survive in all environments. The search for new antibiotics active against traditional targets is more challenging due not only to the lack of novel natural products to fulfill the current clinical needs against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, but also for the possible 'collateral' effects on the human microbiota. Thus, non-traditional approaches to combat MDR bacteria have been proposed. Here, we discuss the possibility of targeting the membrane response to the antibiotic attack (cell membrane adaptation) as a viable strategy to increase the activity of current antimicrobials, enhance the activity of the innate immune system and prevent development of resistance during therapy using the three-component regulatory system LiaFSR of enterococci as a model.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States; Center for Antibiotic Resistance and Microbial Genomics, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States.
authors.forename: Truc T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States; Center for Antibiotic Resistance and Microbial Genomics, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States.
authors.forename: William R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States.
authors.forename: Yousif
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shamoo
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States; Center for Antibiotic Resistance and Microbial Genomics, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States; Molecular Genetics and Antimicrobial Resistance Unit, Universidad El Bosque, Bogota, Colombia; International Center for Microbial Genomics, Universidad El Bosque, Bogota, Colombia. Electronic address: cesar.arias@uth.tmc.edu.
authors.forename: Cesar A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Arias
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D016983:Enterococcus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; C490532:LiaRS protein, Bacillus subtilis; D008563:Membrane Lipids