title: Development of an LC-MS/MS analytical method for the simultaneous measurement of aldehydes from polyunsaturated fatty acids degradation in animal feed.
abstract: Knowing that polyunsaturated fatty acids can lead to the formation of potentially toxic aldehydes as secondary oxidation products, an analytical method using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) detection was developed to measure the concentration of eight aldehydes in animal feed: malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (4-HHE), crotonaldehyde (CRT), benzaldehyde (BNZ), hexanal (HXL), 2,4-nonadienal, and 2,4-decadienal. The developed method was validated according to the criteria and procedure described in international standards. The evaluated parameters were specificity/selectivity, recovery, precision, accuracy, uncertainty, limits of detection and quantification, using the concept of accuracy profiles. These parameters were determined during experiments conducted over three different days with ground Kellogg's® Corn Flakes® cereals as model matrix for animal feed and spiked at different levels of concentration. Malondialdehyde, 4-HHE, 4-HNE, crotonaldehyde, benzaldehyde, and hexanal can be analyzed in the same run in animal feed with a very good accuracy, with recovery rates ranging from 86 to 109% for a working range going from 0.16 to 12.50 mg/kg. The analysis of 2,4-nonadienal and 2,4-decadienal can also be performed but in a limited range of concentration and with a limited degree of accuracy. Their recovery rates ranged between 54 and 114% and coefficient of variation for the intermediate precision between 11 and 25% for these two compounds. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Analysis, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Quartier Vallèe 2, Avenue de Cureghem 10, Sart Tilman B43bis - 4000, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4162-1589
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Douny
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Analysis, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Quartier Vallèe 2, Avenue de Cureghem 10, Sart Tilman B43bis - 4000, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Pinar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bayram
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Analysis, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Quartier Vallèe 2, Avenue de Cureghem 10, Sart Tilman B43bis - 4000, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brose
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Analysis, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Quartier Vallèe 2, Avenue de Cureghem 10, Sart Tilman B43bis - 4000, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Degand
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Analysis, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Quartier Vallèe 2, Avenue de Cureghem 10, Sart Tilman B43bis - 4000, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Marie-Louise
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Scippo
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000032:analysis*; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D002138:Calibration; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes
keywords: aldehydes; animal feed; liquid chromatography; tandem mass spectrometry; validation