title: Is Heart Rate a Norepiphenomenon in Heart Failure?
abstract: There has been an increased focus on heart rate as a target in the management of cardiovascular disease and more specifically in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in recent years with several studies showing the benefit of a lower resting heart rate on outcomes. This review paper examines the pathophysiology behind the benefits of lowering heart rate in heart failure and also the evidence for and against the pharmacological agents available to achieve this.
authors.affiliation: Connolly Hospital Blanchardstown, Blanchardstown, Dublin 15, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hensey
authors.affiliation: Connolly Hospital Blanchardstown, Blanchardstown, Dublin 15, Dublin, Ireland. jimoneill@rcsi.ie.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: O'Neill
mesh_terms: D018674:Adrenergic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000638:Amiodarone / Q000494:pharmacology; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D003864:Depression, Chemical; D004077:Digoxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000379:methods; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D000077550:Ivabradine
chemical_list: D018674:Adrenergic Antagonists; D001552:Benzazepines; D000077550:Ivabradine; D004077:Digoxin; D000638:Amiodarone
keywords: Heart failure; Heart rate; Norepiphenomenon