title: Effects of an intervention program on maternal and paternal parenting stress after preterm birth: A randomized trial.
abstract: Preterm birth causes parenting stress and increases the risk of developmental disorders in children. Our objective was to assess the impact of an early psychological intervention, Triadic parent-infant Relationship Therapy (TRT), on parenting stress, parental mental health and preterm infant development in the motor, language, social, behavioral and emotional domains at a corrected age of 18months.
  
  
  
  Sixty-five families of preterm infants were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n=33) or the control group (n=32). Families of full-term children (n=24) were also recruited. Intervention focused on the triadic relationship and aimed to improve parenting stress by supporting parental mental health to promote infant development. The main outcome was assessed with the Parenting Stress Index Short Form (PSI-SF).
  
  
  
  Highly significant differences at 18months were observed for the mother and father in overall PSI-SF scores, with 16.6, and 11.7 points, respectively, in favor of the intervention group. Children in the intervention group demonstrated higher full-scale developmental quotients than the preterm controls (an 8.7-point difference) along with lower scores on behavioral tests (a 5.8-point difference at 18months). At 18months, results for children in the intervention group showed no significant differences compared to the full-term group or were even better.
  
  
  
  Our study provides sound evidence for the efficiency of the TRT program to reduce parenting stress and improve parental mental health for both parents, thus fostering the infant's overall development.
authors.affiliation: CHU de Caen, Service de Néonatalogie, Avenue Côte de Nacre, Caen 14033, Cedex 9, France; EPSM Caen (Etablissement Public de Santé mentale), Service de Pédo-Psychiatrie, 15 ter rue Saint Ouen, 14000 Caen, France; CHU de Caen, Departement de Biostatistiques et de Recherche Clinique, Avenue Côte de Nacre, Caen, 14033, Cedex 9, France; Université de Caen Normandie, UFR de Médecine, PFRS, 2 rue des Rochambelles, CS 14032 Caen, France; Université de Caen Normandie, Departement de Psychologie, Esplanade de la paix, CS 14032 Caen, Cedex, France. Electronic address: s-castel@orange.fr.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Castel
authors.affiliation: CHU de Caen, Departement de Biostatistiques et de Recherche Clinique, Avenue Côte de Nacre, Caen, 14033, Cedex 9, France; Université de Caen Normandie, UFR de Médecine, PFRS, 2 rue des Rochambelles, CS 14032 Caen, France. Electronic address: creveuil-cr@chu-caen.fr.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Creveuil
authors.affiliation: CHU de Caen, Service de Néonatalogie, Avenue Côte de Nacre, Caen 14033, Cedex 9, France; EPSM Caen (Etablissement Public de Santé mentale), Service de Pédo-Psychiatrie, 15 ter rue Saint Ouen, 14000 Caen, France. Electronic address: anne_beunard@hotmail.fr.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beunard
authors.affiliation: CHU de Caen, Departement de Biostatistiques et de Recherche Clinique, Avenue Côte de Nacre, Caen, 14033, Cedex 9, France. Electronic address: xblaizot@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Blaizot
authors.affiliation: Université de Caen Normandie, Departement de Psychologie, Esplanade de la paix, CS 14032 Caen, Cedex, France; CERReV: Centre d'Etudes des Vulnérabilités et des Risques, MRSH, Esplanade de la paix, CS 14032 Caen, Cedex, France. Electronic address: nadine.proia-lelouey@unicaen.fr.
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Proia
authors.affiliation: CHU de Caen, Service de Néonatalogie, Avenue Côte de Nacre, Caen 14033, Cedex 9, France; Université de Caen Normandie, UFR de Médecine, PFRS, 2 rue des Rochambelles, CS 14032 Caen, France. Electronic address: guillois-b@chu-caen.fr.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guillois
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002657:Child Development; D005220:Fathers / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000254:growth & development / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: Child development; Early intervention program; Parent-infant relationship; Parenting stress; Paternal and maternal mental health; Preterm infants