title: The Generation and Exploitation of Protein Mutability Landscapes for Enzyme Engineering.
abstract: The increasing number of enzyme applications in chemical synthesis calls for new engineering methods to develop the biocatalysts of the future. An interesting concept in enzyme engineering is the generation of large-scale mutational data in order to chart protein mutability landscapes. These landscapes allow the important discrimination between beneficial mutations and those that are neutral or detrimental, thus providing detailed insight into sequence-function relationships. As such, mutability landscapes are a powerful tool with which to identify functional hotspots at any place in the amino acid sequence of an enzyme. These hotspots can be used as targets for combinatorial mutagenesis to yield superior enzymes with improved catalytic properties, stability, or even new enzymatic activities. The generation of mutability landscapes for multiple properties of one enzyme provides the exciting opportunity to select mutations that are beneficial either for one or for several of these properties. This review presents an overview of the recent advances in the construction of mutability landscapes and discusses their importance for enzyme engineering.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jan-Ytzen
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: van der Meer
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Lieuwe
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Biewenga
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands. g.j.poelarends@rug.nl.
authors.forename: Gerrit J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Poelarends
mesh_terms: D055162:Biocatalysis; D004798:Enzymes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D015202:Protein Engineering
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes
keywords: biocatalysis; enzyme engineering; hotspots; mutability landscapes; mutagenesis