title: Short-term exercise training improves flow-mediated dilation and circulating angiogenic cell number in older sedentary adults.
abstract: Cardiovascular disease risk increases with age due, in part, to impaired endothelial function and decreased circulating angiogenic cell (CAC) number and function. We sought to determine if 10 days of aerobic exercise training improves endothelial function, CAC number, and intracellular redox balance in older sedentary adults. Eleven healthy subjects (4 men, 7 women), 61 ± 2 years of age participated in 60 min of aerobic exercise at 70% maximal oxygen consumption for 10 consecutive days while maintaining body weight. Before and after training, endothelial function was measured as flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery and fasting blood was drawn to enumerate 3 CAC subtypes. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in CD34+ CACs were measured using fluorescent probes and reinforced via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Flow-mediated dilation improved significantly following training (10% ± 1.3% before vs. 16% ± 1.4% after training; P < 0.05). Likewise, CD34+/KDR+ number increased 104% and KDR+ number increased 151% (P < 0.05 for both), although CD34+ number was not significantly altered (P > 0.05). Intracellular NO and ROS levels in CD34+ CACs were not different after training (P > 0.05 for both). Messenger RNA expression of SOD1, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and NADPH oxidase 2 and neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 in CD34+ CACs was not significantly altered with training (P > 0.05). In conclusion, 10 consecutive days of aerobic exercise increased flow-mediated dilation and CAC number in older, previously sedentary adults, but did not affect intracellular redox balance in CD34+ CACs. Overall, these data indicate that even short-term aerobic exercise training can have a significant impact on cardiovascular disease risk factors.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2611, USA.
authors.forename: Rian Q
authors.initials: RQ
authors.lastname: Landers-Ramos
authors.affiliation: a Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2611, USA.
authors.forename: Kelsey J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Corrigan
authors.affiliation: a Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2611, USA.
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Guth
authors.affiliation: a Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2611, USA.
authors.forename: Christine N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Altom
authors.affiliation: a Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2611, USA.
authors.forename: Espen E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Spangenburg
authors.affiliation: b University of Maryland School of Medicine and Baltimore VA GRECC, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Prior
authors.affiliation: a Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2611, USA.
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hagberg
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000502:physiology; D002452:Cell Count; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004106:Dilatation; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D000074662:NADPH Oxidase 2; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012307:Risk Factors; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C000606290:SOD1 protein, human; D014280:Triglycerides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; C056558:CYBB protein, human; D000074662:NADPH Oxidase 2; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; C060505:neutrophil cytosolic factor 1
keywords: aerobic exercise training; cellules angiogéniques circulantes; circulating angiogenic cells; endothelial function; entraînement physique aérobie; exercice physique à court terme; fonction endothéliale; short-term exercise