title: The Removable Mandibular Retractor vs the Bone-anchored Intermaxillary Traction in the Correction of skeletal class III Malocclusion in children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  No randomized controlled trial has tried to compare early class III treatment outcomes between the removable mandibular retractor (RMR) and the bone-anchored intermaxillary traction (BAIMT). The objective of this study was to evaluate skeletal, dental, and soft-tissue changes following early class III treatment with these two treatment modalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  A parallel group randomized controlled trial was conducted on patients with class III malocclusion, treated at the University ofAl-Baath Dental School in Hamah, Syria. Ninety-three children with skeletal class III malocclusion were evaluated and 41 children fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Randomization was performed using computer-generated tables; allocation was concealed using sequentially numbered opaque and sealed envelopes. Thirty-eight participants were analyzed (mean age 11.46 ± 1.28 years). They were randomly distributed into two groups receiving either the RMR or the BAIMT technique with 19 children in each (1:1 allocation ratio). The primary outcome measure was the horizontal movement of points A, B, and Pogonion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Point A showed greater anterior movement in the BAIMT group (x = 1.69 mm) than in the RMR group (x = 1.05 mm; p < 0.001). Points B and Pog showed posterior movement in the BAIMT group (x=-3.01 and -2.51 mm respectively) and anterior movements in the RMR group (x = 0.22 and 0.78 mm respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The BAIMT appeared to be more effective than the RMR in the correction of mild to moderate class III malocclusion in growing patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bone-anchored intermaxillary elastics appears to be a promising solution for class III growing patients with mild to moderate degrees of skeletal discrepancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Aleppo Dental School, Aleppo, Syria.
authors.forename: Abdulmalek Mr
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Majanni
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, University of Damascus Dental School, Damascus, Syria, Phone: +963940404840, e-mail: myhajeer@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mohammad Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Hajeer
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000628:therapy; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000379:methods; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances
keywords: Bone-anchored traction; Correction of malocclusion; Intermaxillay traction; Removable mandibular retractor.; class III malocclusion