title: Does Screw Configuration or Fibular Osteotomy Decrease Healing Time in Exchange Tibial Nailing?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This multicenter study was designed to evaluate whether tibia fracture nonunions treated with exchange nailing proceed to union faster with dynamically- versus statically-locked nails, or with fibular osteotomy versus no fibular osteotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, chart-review, multicenter study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multicenter review of 6 level 1 trauma centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who had a tibia fracture treated with an intramedullary nail that progressed to nonunion, and were subsequently treated with exchange nailing, were identified. All patients that met inclusion criteria and subsequently progressed to union were included in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients underwent tibial exchange nailing to repair nonunions, with screws in either a dynamically- or statically-locked configuration with or without fibular osteotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The primary outcome measure was a comparison of time to healing of tibial nonunion comparing different screw configurations and fibular osteotomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-two patients underwent an exchange nail procedure and their outcomes were used for the primary analysis. Patients with dynamically-locked nails proceeded to union 7.9 months after revision surgery compared with 7.3 months for those with statically-locked nails, but this was not statistically significant (P = 0.68). Patients with fibular osteotomy proceeded to union 2.9 months faster than those without fibular osteotomy, and this trended toward significance (P = 0.067). Obese patients healed on average 8.8 months after surgery compared with 6.8 months for nonobese patients (P = 0.27). Closed fractures healed after 6.4 months compared with 7.7 months for open fractures (P = 0.40).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no significant difference in time to union between patients who had a dynamic screw configuration compared with a static screw configuration for their exchange nail. Patients who underwent fibular osteotomy proceeded to union faster than those without an osteotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
authors.affiliation: *Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; †Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC; ‡St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO; §Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; ‖University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; and ¶Atlanta Medical Center, Atlanta, GA.
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Abadie
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leas
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cannada
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Malm
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morwood
authors.forename: Cameron
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Howes
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zura
authors.forename: Kaitlin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Healy
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Avery
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schlatterer
authors.forename: Anna N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001863:Bone Screws; D005260:Female; D005360:Fibula / Q000601:surgery*; D005594:Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017102:Fracture Healing; D017759:Fractures, Malunited / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology