title: Recurrent renal giant leiomyosarcoma.
abstract: Primary renal leiomyosarcomas are rare, aggressive tumors. They constitute 1-2% of adult malignant renal tumors. Although leiomyosarcomas are the most common histological type (50-60%) of renal sarcomas, information on renal leiomyosarcoma is limited. Local or systemic recurrences are common. The radiological appearance of renal leiomyosarcomas is not specific, therefore renal leiomyosarcoma cannot be distinguished from renal cell carcinoma by imaging methods in all patients. A 74-year-old female patient presented to our clinic complaining of a palpable mass on the right side of her abdomen in November 2012. The abdominal magnetic resonance imaging revealed a mass, 25 × 24 × 23 cm in size. Her past medical history revealed that she has undergone right radical nephrectomy in 2007, due to a 11 × 12 × 13 cm renal mass that was then reported as renal cell carcinoma on abdominal magnetic resonance imaging, but the pathological diagnosis was low-grade renal leiomyosarcoma. The most recent follow-up of the patient was in 2011, with no signs of local recurrence or distant metastases within this four-year period. The patient underwent laparotomy on November 2012, and a 35 cm retroperitoneal mass was excised. The pathological examination of the mass was reported as high-grade leiomyosarcoma. The formation of this giant retroperitoneal mass in 1 year can be explained by the transformation of the lesion's pathology from low-grade to a high-grade tumor.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Ufuk University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Salih Erpulat
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Öziş
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Ufuk University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kamil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gülpınar
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Ufuk University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Zafer
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Şahlı
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Ufuk University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Baha Burak
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Konak
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Ufuk University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mete
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keskin
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Ufuk University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Süleyman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Özdemir
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Private Mikro-Pat Laboratory, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ömür
authors.initials: Ö
authors.lastname: Ataoğlu
keywords: Leiomyosarcoma; kidney; recurrence