title: A Real-Time Non-invasive Auto-bioluminescent Urinary Bladder Cancer Xenograft Model.
abstract: The study was to develop an auto-bioluminescent urinary bladder cancer (UBC) xenograft animal model for pre-clinical research.
  
  
  
  The study used a humanized, bacteria-originated lux reporter system consisting of six (luxCDABEfrp) genes to express components required for producing bioluminescent signals in human UBC J82, J82-Ras, and SW780 cells without exogenous substrates. Immune-deficient nude mice were inoculated with Lux-expressing UBC cells to develop auto-bioluminescent xenograft tumors that were monitored by imaging and physical examination.
  
  
  
  Lux-expressing auto-bioluminescent J82-Lux, J82-Ras-Lux, and SW780-Lux cell lines were established. Xenograft tumors derived from tumorigenic Lux-expressing auto-bioluminescent J82-Ras-Lux cells allowed a serial, non-invasive, real-time monitoring by imaging of tumor development prior to the presence of palpable tumors in animals.
  
  
  
  Using Lux-expressing auto-bioluminescent tumorigenic cells enabled us to monitor the entire course of xenograft tumor development through tumor cell implantation, adaptation, and growth to visible/palpable tumors in animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Bincy Anu
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: John
authors.affiliation: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.|490 BioTech, Inc., Knoxville, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ripp
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA. hcrwang@utk.edu.|Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA. hcrwang@utk.edu.
authors.forename: Hwa-Chain Robert
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003199:Computer Systems; D006801:Humans; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000379:methods*; D008819:Mice, Nude; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
keywords: Auto-bioluminescence; In vivo imaging; Mouse model; Urinary bladder cancer