title: Determination of Bendamustine in Human Plasma and Urine by LC-FL Methods: Application in a Drug Monitoring.
abstract: Simple and sensitive liquid chromatography (LC) methods with fluorescence (FL) detection for the determination of bendamustine (BM) in human plasma and urine were developed and validated. The procedure of BM extraction from a plasma sample involved solid-phase extraction with a C18 SPE column, while liquid-liquid extraction with dichloromethane was applied for a urine sample. In both methods, cinoxacin was used as the internal standard. Chromatographic separations were performed on a Synergi Max-RP column, while FL detector was set at the excitation wavelength of 328 nm and the emission wavelength of 420 nm. The LC-FL methods were validated for accuracy, precision, selectivity, linearity, recovery, and stability. The detection limits for BM were 0.5 and 2.5 ng mL-1in plasma and urine, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 9.86 %, while the accuracies were higher than 92.63 and 94.29 % for BM in plasma and urine, respectively. The proposed LC-FL methods were sensitive, robust, and specific, allowing reliable drug quantification in plasma and urine samples. The methodologies were successfully applied to monitoring of BM in a child with cancer treated with BM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Alina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Plenis
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frolow
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rekowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Olędzka
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kowalski
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatris, Hematology and Oncology; Medical University Gdansk, Debinki 7, 80-11 Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bień
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatris, Hematology and Oncology; Medical University Gdansk, Debinki 7, 80-11 Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata Anna
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Krawczyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatris, Hematology and Oncology; Medical University Gdansk, Debinki 7, 80-11 Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Elżbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Adamkiewicz-Drożynska
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bączek
keywords: Bendamustine; Biological samples; Drug monitoring; Fluorescence detection; LC determination; Sample preparation