title: Psychological, behavioral, and clinical effects of intra-oral camera: a randomized control trial on adults with gingivitis.
abstract: To evaluate the effects of using an intra-oral camera (IOC) during supportive periodontal therapy (SPT), on the psychological, behavioral, and clinical parameters of patients with gingivitis, outlined by evidence and a theory-based framework.
  
  
  
  A group of 78 adult patients with gingivitis receiving an SPT was randomized into two groups: IOC and control. Bleeding on Marginal Probing (BOMP), self-reported dental hygiene behaviors, and psychological determinants of behavior change (outcome expectancies, self-efficacy, and planning) and IOC opinion were evaluated 1 week before or during the appointment and 4 months later. Repeated-measures anova was used to compare groups over time.
  
  
  
  Almost all the patients brushed their teeth daily, while 78% either never or hardly ever used dental floss. The IOC group showed significant improvements in BOMP index (P < 0.001), self-reported flossing (P < 0.05), and self-efficacy (P < 0.05) compared to the control group.
  
  
  
  The use of IOC significantly improves clinical, behavioral, and psychological determinants of periodontal health 4 months after treatment.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal. mra@meo.pt.
authors.forename: Mário-Rui
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria-João
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.affiliation: Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), CIS-IUL, Lisboa, Portugal.|University College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Cristina A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Godinho
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Joao Pessoa, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cícero
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pereira
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D009910:Oral Hygiene / Q000523:psychology*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D023861:Photography, Dental / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology; D020377:Self Efficacy; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: behavior change; gingivitis; intra-oral camera; oral hygiene