title: [Pathogenic factors in calcium oxalate stones: Epidemiological investigation].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Calcium oxalate stones are the most common urolithiasis. Changes in dietary habits, socio-economic and health status of populations explain its progression. The aim of our study was to determine metabolic factors leading to lithiasis and clarify its causes.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective study of 100 patients with calcium oxalate stones identified by morpho-constitutional study, collected in our department over a period of 5 years (2008-2013). We analyzed clinical, radiological and metabolic data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  They were 73 men and 27 women (gender ratio: 2.7), aged meanly of 44.8 years. Dietary survey revealed inadequate calcium intake in 87% of cases. Urinary abnormalities were hypocitraturia (34%), hypomagnesuria (32%) and outflow hypercalciuria (21%). Crystalluria was positive in 44% of cases. Whewellite was the most common crystalline form. Calculi were bilateral (53%), renal (85%) and mainly collected after urological procedures (74%). Infrared analysis showed that 81% of stones have a heterogeneous composition. Pure Whewellite or combined with other compounds was the most frequent (31%). Idiopathic calcium oxalate lithiasis was the most common etiology (69%). Among secondary etiologies, diabetes was most frequently found (10%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our epidemiological study of calcium oxalate stones has allowed us to identify the high frequency of food hyperoxaluria partly explained by a low calcium intake and a diet rich in oxalate phytotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  4.
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine A, hôpital Charles-Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisie; Faculté de médecine de Tunis, université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaaroud El Jery
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine A, hôpital Charles-Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisie; Faculté de médecine de Tunis, université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie. Electronic address: amel_harz@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harzallah
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine A, hôpital Charles-Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisie; Faculté de médecine de Tunis, université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chouchi
authors.affiliation: Service de biochimie, hôpital Charles-Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisie; Faculté de médecine de Tunis, université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Talbi
authors.affiliation: Service de biochimie, hôpital Charles-Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisie; Faculté de médecine de Tunis, université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baccouch
authors.affiliation: Service de biochimie, hôpital Charles-Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisie; Faculté de médecine de Tunis, université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abdelmoula
authors.affiliation: Service d'urologie, hôpital Charles-Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisie; Faculté de médecine de Tunis, université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bouzouita
authors.affiliation: Service d'urologie, hôpital Charles-Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisie; Faculté de médecine de Tunis, université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chebil
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de recherche de pathologie rénale-LR00SP01, hôpital Charles-Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisie; Faculté de médecine de Tunis, université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ben Hamida
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine A, hôpital Charles-Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisie; Faculté de médecine de Tunis, université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ben Abdallah
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000032:analysis; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002129:Calcium Oxalate
keywords: Calcium oxalate urolithiasis; Hypercalciuria; Hypercalciurie; Hyperoxaluria; Hyperoxalurie; Néphrolithiase oxalo-calcique