title: Efficacy of Proximal Aspiration Thrombectomy for Using Balloon-Tipped Guide Catheter in Acute Intracranial Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for acute intracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion is often complicated by difficult revascularization and non-involved territory embolization possibly related with larger clot-burden. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of proximal aspiration thrombectomy (PAT) using a balloon-tipped guide catheter for clot-burden reduction in such cases with period-to-period analysis (period 1 : standard MT without PAT; period 2 : PAT first, then standard MT for the remaining occlusion).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-six patients who underwent MT for acute intracranial ICA occlusion were included in this analysis from the prospectively maintained stroke registry (33 patients in period 1 and 53 in period 2). In period 2, 'responder' was defined as a case where some amount of clot was retrieved by PAT and the following angiography showed partial or full recanalization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen of fifty-three patients in period 2 (28.3%) were 'responders' to PAT. There was a significantly higher incidence of atrial fibrillation in the 'responder' subgroup. Period 2 showed a significantly shorter puncture-to-reperfusion time (94.5 minutes vs. 56.0 minutes; p=0.002), a significantly higher Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction of 2b-3 reperfusion (45.5% vs. 73.6%; p=0.009), but only a trend for better 3-month favorable outcome (mRS 0-2; 36.4% vs. 54.7%; p=0.097). There was no increase in the incidence of procedure-related complications or intracranial hemorrhage in period 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A strategy of PAT before standard MT may result in shorter puncture-to-reperfusion time and better angiographic outcome than a strategy of standard MT for acute intracranial ICA occlusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Cerebrovascular Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.; Department of Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Won
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Cerebrovascular Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.; Department of Neurosurgery, Cerebrovascular Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Hun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Cerebrovascular Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Yang-Ha
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Cerebrovascular Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Jaechan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Cerebrovascular Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Sun
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Acute ischemic stroke; Balloon-tipped guide catheter; Internal carotid artery; Mechanical thrombectomy; Proximal aspiration thrombectomy