title: Behaviour Problems in Children with Intellectual Disabilities in a Resource-Poor Setting in India - Part 1: Association with Age, Sex, Severity of Intellectual Disabilities and IQ.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Behaviour problems are most common in people with intellectual disabilities. Nature of behaviour problems can vary depending upon the age, sex and intellectual level (IQ).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the distribution of behaviour problems across intellectual disability categories and their association with IQ age and sex in children with intellectual disabilities.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a cross-sectional study design. A total of 104 participants (57 males and 47 females), aged 3-18 years, with intellectual disabilities were administered The Behavioural Assessment Scale for Indian Children with Mental Retardation (BASIC-MR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was found that violent and destructive, temper tantrum and self-injurious behaviours were differently distributed with reference to intellectual disability levels (P > 0.05) but cumulative scores per se problem behaviours did not vary with the level of intellectual disabilities. IQ showed a significant positive correlation with destructive and violent and misbehaves with other; and a significant negative correlation with temper tantrums and self-injurious behaviours. Age was significantly, positively associated with violent and destructive, odd, and hyperactive behaviours and inversely with self-injurious problem behaviours. There was no significant relationship between the sex of the child and problem behaviours. There was no significant interactive effect of sex and level of intellectual disabilities of the child on problem behaviours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Behaviour problems, in general, are not equally distributed in all categories of intellectual disabilities. Relationship between behaviour problems and age, sex and IQ may not be uniform. But specific behaviours are more associated with specific age group and intellectual disability levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA.
authors.forename: Ram
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5267-5195
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lakhan
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: M Thomas
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Kishore
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D007360:Intelligence / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D000066553:Problem Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D016728:Self-Injurious Behavior / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors
keywords: behaviour problems; intellectual disability; intelligence quotient