title: Circulating Blood Monocyte Subclasses and Lipid-Laden Adipose Tissue Macrophages in Human Obesity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Visceral adipose tissue foam cells are increased in human obesity, and were implicated in adipose dysfunction and increased cardio-metabolic risk. In the circulation, non-classical monocytes (NCM) are elevated in obesity and associate with atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that circulating NCM correlate and/or are functionally linked to visceral adipose tissue foam cells in obesity, potentially providing an approach to estimate visceral adipose tissue status in the non-surgical obese patient.
  
  
  METHODS
  We preformed ex-vivo functional studies utilizing sorted monocyte subclasses from healthy donors. Moreover, we assessed circulating blood monocyte subclasses and visceral fat adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) lipid content by flow-cytometry in paired blood and omental-fat samples collected from patients (n = 65) undergoing elective abdominal surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ex-vivo, NCM and NCM-derived macrophages exhibited lower lipid accumulation capacity compared to classical or intermediate monocytes/-derived macrophages. Moreover, of the three subclasses, NCM exhibited the lowest migration towards adipose tissue conditioned-media. In a cohort of n = 65, increased %NCM associated with higher BMI (r = 0.250,p<0.05) and ATM lipid content (r = 0.303,p<0.05). Among patients with BMI≥25Kg/m2, linear regression models adjusted for age, sex or BMI revealed that NCM independently associate with ATM lipid content, particularly in men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Collectively, although circulating blood NCM are unlikely direct functional precursor cells for adipose tissue foam cells, their increased percentage in the circulation may clinically reflect higher lipid content in visceral ATMs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.|The National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev (NIBN), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
authors.forename: Tal
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pecht
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
authors.forename: Yulia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Haim
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
authors.forename: Nava
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bashan
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
authors.forename: Hagit
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shapiro
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Unit, Soroka University Medical Center and Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
authors.forename: Ilana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Harman-Boehm
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery A, Soroka University Medical Center and Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kirshtein
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, Nutrition department, F-75013, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Clément
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shai
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.|The National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev (NIBN), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
authors.forename: Assaf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rudich
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000494:pharmacology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology*; D009852:Omentum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D008055:Lipids