title: Delayed Onset Vascular Stiffening Induced by Eccentric Resistance Exercise and Downhill Running.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Eccentric exercise induces muscle stiffening and soreness as well as unfavorable changes in macrovascular function. We tested the hypothesis that systemic eccentric exercise could evoke greater arterial stiffening than local eccentric resistance exercise.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty healthy young men were randomly assigned into either the downhill running (DR) and the eccentric resistance exercise (RE) group followed by a crossover design with an exercise and sham control trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), central hemodynamic measures, and biomarkers were obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Muscle soreness and plasma creatine kinase concentrations increased similarly after exercise in both groups. The cfPWV increased significantly at 48 hours post-exercise in both groups and remained elevated at 72 hours in DR. C-reactive protein (CRP) was elevated at 24 and 48 hours in DR, and 48 hours in RE. The increases in cfPWV were associated with the corresponding elevations in CRP in DR (r = 0.70, P < 0.05). There were no changes in arterial wave reflection measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both systemic and localized eccentric exercise modes induced delayed onset vascular stiffening with more prolonged changes observed in downhill running. The effect on arterial stiffening was associated, at least in part, with systemic inflammatory responses.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Athletics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; †Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas; ‡Office of Physical Education, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan; §Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; and ¶Department of Medicine and Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsin-Fu
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chun-Chung
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Hao-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D063806:Myalgia / Q000503:physiopathology; D063177:Pulse Wave Analysis; D055070:Resistance Training; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D059289:Vascular Stiffness; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003402:Creatine Kinase