title: Goal Setting for Cognitive Rehabilitation in Mild to Moderate Parkinson's Disease Dementia and Dementia with Lewy Bodies.
abstract: Alongside the physical symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies, health services must also address the cognitive impairments that accompany these conditions. There is growing interest in the use of nonpharmacological approaches to managing the consequences of cognitive disorder. Cognitive rehabilitation is a goal-orientated behavioural intervention which aims to enhance functional independence through the use of strategies specific to the individual's needs and abilities. Fundamental to this therapy is a person's capacity to set goals for rehabilitation. To date, no studies have assessed goal setting in early-stage Parkinson's disease dementia or dementia with Lewy bodies. Semistructured interviews were carried out with 29 participants from an ongoing trial of cognitive rehabilitation for people with these conditions. Here, we examined the goal statements provided by these participants using qualitative content analysis, exploring the types and nature of the goals set. Participants' goals reflected their motivations to learn new skills or improve performance in areas such as technology-use, self-management and orientation, medication management, and social and leisure activities. These results suggest that goal setting is achievable for these participants, provide insight into the everyday cognitive difficulties that they experience, and highlight possible domains as targets for intervention. The trial is registered with ISRCTN16584442 (DOI 10.1186/ISRCTN16584442 13/04/2015).
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2AS, UK.
authors.forename: Tamlyn J
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8232-5305
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Watermeyer
authors.affiliation: Department of Care for the Elderly, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Llandudno LL30 1LB, UK; The College of Health & Behavioural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK.
authors.forename: John V
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6979-6607
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Hindle
authors.affiliation: Division of Mental Health and Learning Disabilities, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Ysbyty Gwynedd, Bangor LL57 2PW, UK.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2AS, UK.
authors.forename: Catherine L
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6453-4912
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health (REACH), School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK; PenCLAHRC, Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1702-8902
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martyr
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Economics and Medicines Evaluation (CHEME), Bangor University, Normal Site, Bangor LL57 2PZ, UK.
authors.forename: Huw
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lloyd-Williams
authors.affiliation: The North Wales Organisation for Randomised Trials in Health (NWORTH), Bangor University, Gwynedd, Bangor LL57 2PZ, UK.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6942-0404
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.affiliation: Cefni Hospital, Llangefni, Anglesey LL77 7PP, UK.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gutting
authors.affiliation: The North Wales Organisation for Randomised Trials in Health (NWORTH), Bangor University, Gwynedd, Bangor LL57 2PZ, UK.
authors.forename: Zoe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hoare
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Economics and Medicines Evaluation (CHEME), Bangor University, Normal Site, Bangor LL57 2PZ, UK.
authors.forename: Rhiannon Tudor
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research in Ageing and Cognitive Health (REACH), School of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK; PenCLAHRC, Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK.
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Clare