title: Two hAT transposon genes were transferred from Brassicaceae to broomrapes and are actively expressed in some recipients.
abstract: A growing body of evidence is pointing to an important role of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in the evolution of higher plants. However, reports of HGTs of transposable elements (TEs) in plants are still scarce, and only one case is known of a class II transposon horizontally transferred between grasses. To investigate possible TE transfers in dicots, we performed transcriptome screening in the obligate root parasite Phelipanche aegyptiaca (Orobanchaceae), data-mining in the draft genome assemblies of four other Orobanchaceae, gene cloning, gene annotation in species with genomic information, and a molecular phylogenetic analysis. We discovered that the broomrape genera Phelipanche and Orobanche acquired two related nuclear genes (christened BO transposase genes), a new group of the hAT superfamily of class II transposons, from Asian Sisymbrieae or a closely related tribe of Brassicaceae, by HGT. The collinearity of the flanking genes, lack of a classic border structure, and low expression levels suggest that BO transposase genes cannot transpose in Brassicaceae, whereas they are highly expressed in P. aegyptiaca.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.|Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.|University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Systematic Botany and Mycology, University of Munich (LMU), Munich 80638, Germany.
authors.forename: Susanne S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Renner
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.|University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
authors.forename: Yuxing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.|State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
authors.forename: Jianqiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.|Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.|State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China.
authors.forename: Guiling
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019607:Brassicaceae / Q000235:genetics*; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal / Q000235:genetics*; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation / Q000379:methods; D031670:Orobanchaceae / Q000235:genetics; D031672:Orobanche / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D019895:Transposases / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D019895:Transposases