title: The effect of silver nanoparticles and silver ions on mammalian and plant cells in vitro.
abstract: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most frequently applied nanomaterials. In our experiments, we tested AgNPs (size 27 nm) manufactured by the Tollens process. Physico-chemical methods (TEM, DLS, AFM and spectrophotometry) were used for characterization and imaging of AgNPs. The effects of AgNPs and Ag(+) were studied in two experimental models (plant and mammalian cells). Human keratinocytes (SVK14) and mouse fibroblasts (NIH3T3) cell lines were selected to evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity effect on mammalian cells. Higher sensitivity to AgNPs and Ag(+) was observed in NIH3T3 than in SVK14 cells. AgNPs accumulated in the nucleus of NIH3T3 cells, caused DNA damage and increased the number of apoptotic and necrotic cells. Three genotypes of Solanum spp. (S. lycopersicum cv. Amateur, S. chmielewskii, S. habrochaites) were selected to test the toxicity of AgNPs and Ag(+) on the plant cells. The highest values of peroxidase activity and lipid peroxidation were recorded after the treatment of S. habrochaites genotype with AgNPs. Increased ROS levels were likely the reason for observed damaged membranes in S. habrochaites. We found that the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of AgNPs depend not only on the characteristics of nanoparticles, but also on the type of cells that are treated with AgNPs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic. Electronic address: jana.jiravova@upol.cz.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiravova
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic. Electronic address: katerina.barton@upol.cz.
authors.forename: Katerina Barton
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Tomankova
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harvanova
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Malina
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Malohlava
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Slechtitelu 11, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Lenka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Luhova
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, tř. 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ales
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Panacek
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Barbora
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Manisova
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic; Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kolarova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012834:Silver
keywords: Genotoxicity; In vitro cytotoxicity; Mammalian cell; Silver ions; Silver nanoparticles; Solanum spp.