title: Lung adenocarcinoma may be a more susceptive subtype to a dendritic cell-based cancer vaccine than other subtypes of non-small cell lung cancers: a multicenter retrospective analysis.
abstract: The J-SICT DC Vaccine Study Group provides dendritic cell (DC) vaccines for compassionate use under unified cell production and patient treatment regimens. We previously reported beneficial effects of DC vaccines on the overall survival of 62 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a single-center analysis. Here, we extended analysis to 260 patients with NSCLC who were treated at six centers.
  
  
  
  Of the 337 patients who met the inclusion criteria, we analyzed 260 patients who received ≥5 peptide-pulsed DC vaccinations once every 2 weeks.
  
  
  
  The mean survival time (MST) from diagnosis was 33.0 months (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 27.9-39.2), and that from time of first vaccination was 13.8 months (95 % CI 11.4-16.8). An erythema reaction at the injection site that was ≥30 mm in diameter was correlated most strongly with overall survival from the first vaccine (≥30 vs. < 30 mm: MST 20.4 vs. 8.8 months, P < 0.001). We reported a similar finding in our previous analysis of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Interestingly, although such findings were common between patients with adenocarcinoma and those with other subtypes, the former group experienced significantly prolonged overall survival and a higher response rate for erythema (56.3 vs. 37.3 %, respectively, P = 0.014).
  
  
  
  This is the first multicenter study that suggests a possible clinical benefit of DC vaccines for patients with advanced NSCLC, especially those with adenocarcinoma. These findings suggest a specific potential responder population for DC vaccines and warrant further investigation in well-controlled prospective randomized trials.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.|R&D Laboratory for Innovative Biotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.|Seren Clinic Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 810-0001, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidenori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Cell Processing Center, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigetaka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimodaira
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 003-0006, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogasawara
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 003-0006, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.affiliation: Seren Clinic Nagoya, Nagoya, Aichi, 460-0008, Japan.
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Seren Clinic Kobe, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0001, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.affiliation: Seren Clinic Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-0071, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.affiliation: Transfusion and Cell Therapy Unit, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.affiliation: Tottori University Hospital Cancer Center, Tottori, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan.
authors.forename: Shunichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsujitani
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Immunotherapeutics, Kitasato University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan.
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Medicine, Research and Education Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Kitasato University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Diseases of the Chest, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.affiliation: R&D Laboratory for Innovative Biotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan. yonemitu@med.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1343-3927
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yonemitsu
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D000077192:Adenocarcinoma of Lung; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines
keywords: Adenocarcinoma; Dendritic cell vaccine; Erythema; Non-small cell lung cancers