title: GC-MS and q-NMR based chemotaxonomic evaluation of two Leonurus species.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The genus Leonurus L. (fam: Lamiaceae) is represented in Uzbekistan by two species, L. panzerioides Popov. and L. turkestanicus V. I. Krecz. & Kuprian, which are used to treat nervous disorders and also as sedative and hypotensive agents.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To establish the taxonomic status of Leonurus panzerioides and L. turkestanicus based on their chemical constituents analysed by GC-MS and q-NMR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Quantitative (1) H-NMR (q-NMR) was used to identify and quantify known major components in the methanol extracts of these two species. Additionally, the chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from the aerial parts of these plants were analysed by GC-MS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The q-NMR analyses of Leonurus panzerioides and L. turkestanicus revealed the presence of 8-acetylharpagide, harpagide, leonurine and stachydrine as major components. Using the GC-MS method, overall 24 and 39 constituents were identified, respectively, from L. panzerioides and L. turkestanicus oils. The major constituents of the essential oil of L. panzerioides were eugenol (30.9%) and p-vinyl guaiacol (15.8%), whereas thymol (40.1%) and octen-3-ol (13.1%) were the principal compounds in the essential oil of L. turkestanicus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The major components in Leonurus panzerioides and L. turkestanicus as identified by the GC-MS and q-NMR analyses, were similar to those present in other Leonurus species and thus provided chemotaxonomic evidence for the placement of these species under the genus Leonurus. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences, Mirzo Ulugbek str., 77, Tashkent, 100170, Uzbekistan.
authors.forename: Nilufar Z
authors.initials: NZ
authors.lastname: Mamadalieva
authors.affiliation: Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences, Mirzo Ulugbek str., 77, Tashkent, 100170, Uzbekistan.
authors.forename: Khayrulla M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Bobakulov
authors.affiliation: Department for the Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forestal Systems, Tuscia University, Largo dell'Università blocco D, Via San Camillo de Lellis, 01100, Viterbo, Italy.
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vinciguerra
authors.affiliation: Department for the Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forestal Systems, Tuscia University, Largo dell'Università blocco D, Via San Camillo de Lellis, 01100, Viterbo, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tiezzi
authors.affiliation: Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences, Mirzo Ulugbek str., 77, Tashkent, 100170, Uzbekistan.
authors.forename: Nasrulla D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Abdullaev
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK.
authors.forename: Lutfun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nahar
authors.affiliation: Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences, Mirzo Ulugbek str., 77, Tashkent, 100170, Uzbekistan.
authors.forename: Shahnoz S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Azimova
authors.affiliation: Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK.
authors.forename: Satyajit D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Sarker
mesh_terms: D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D031332:Leonurus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013045:Species Specificity
keywords: GC-MS; Lamiaceae; Leonurus panzerioides; Leonurus turkestanicus; chemotaxonomy; essential oil; iridoid; q-NMR