title: Investigating the Prevalence of Human Papilloma Virus in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx and Its Correlation with Disease Prognosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The human papilloma virus (HPV) can play a role in the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Our aim was to assess the prevalence of HPV DNA in SCC of the larynx. The impact of HPV infection on patient survival was also evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  This case-control study was performed in 44 patients with SCC of the larynx (case group), while the control group comprised samples obtained from cadavers with no previous history of malignancy. A preliminary pathologic evaluation was performed on all samples in the control group (36 samples) to ensure the absence of dysplasia or malignancy. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect HPV DNA. After completing the treatment protocol, patients were followed to assess the impact of HPV infection on overall survival (OS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  PCR evaluation in the case group showed that HPV DNA was successfully isolated from 11 (25%) samples, while only two (5.6%) HPV DNA-positive were obtained from cadavers. According to these results, a significant difference was obtained in the prevalence of HPV DNA and laryngeal SCC between cases and controls (P=0.031). No statistically significant difference was observed in the OS of patients with or without HPV infection in the case group (P=0.235).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on these results, we suggest that the prevalence of HPV infection is higher in laryngeal SCC subjects compared with healthy individuals. Although a longer OS was seen in HPV-positive patients, survival analysis did not show a significant difference in the comparison of HPV-positive and negative findings in SCC patients.
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Saeid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Atighechi
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Mojtaba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meybodian
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Dadgarnia
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Baradaranfar
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Nasim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Behniafard
keywords: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV); Larynx; Risk.; Squamous Cell Carcinoma; Survival