title: Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. in rural South India.
abstract: The emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an important public health problem as resistant organisms cause difficult-to-treat infections. In this study, the prevalence of AMR in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. in rural South India was examined in order to aid empirical therapy. A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted during the period from January 2012 to December 2014. Routine clinical isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, colistin and nitrofurantoin by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and the data were documented and analyzed with one per patient analysis using WHONET software. A total of 2292 non-duplicate clinical isolates were recovered during the study period, including 1338 E. coli and 954 Klebsiella spp. The prevalence of AMR in the total isolates was as follows: amikacin, 17.3%; ertapenem, 14.4%; doripenem, 4.5%; colistin, 13.2%; and tigecycline, 4.1%. The study results indicate a high prevalence of carbapenem resistance in Klebsiella spp. especially from pus and urinary isolates, whilst the prevalence of aztreonam and fluoroquinolone resistance was very high in E. coli.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Government Theni Medical College, The Tamil Nadu Dr MGR Medical University, Theni 625512, India; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai 600113, India. Electronic address: sekaralingam@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ramalingam
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sekar
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Government Theni Medical College, The Tamil Nadu Dr MGR Medical University, Theni 625512, India.
authors.forename: Manoharan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mythreyee
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dr ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai 600113, India.
authors.forename: Seetharaman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Srivani
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Government Theni Medical College, The Tamil Nadu Dr MGR Medical University, Theni 625512, India.
authors.forename: Murugesan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amudhan
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007709:Klebsiella / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Antimicrobial resistance; Aztreonam; Carbapenem