title: Study on River Snail Shells Unearthed from Laoniupo Shang Dynasty Site.
abstract: The samples of river snail shell pieces, unearthed from Laoniupo Shang dynasty site, were observed and characterized by SEM, Raman and IR to obtain the information about their chemical component and crystal structure. The uneven surface of the cuticle was covered with nanoparticles, which formed rough surface of the shells. The surface of pearl layer was combined with nano-sized flakes and kept smooth on the whole. The insection of shell was composed of three layers: the cuticle (100-120 μm in thickness), the prismatic layer (-130-140 μm in thickness), and the thickest pearl layer (280-300 μm in thickness). All layers had the component of calcium carbonate with aragonite structure and they were different in nanostructures because of different biomineralization processes.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lianjian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.forename: Junchang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D005580:Fossils; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012908:Snails; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman