title: Recent advances in metamaterial split-ring-resonator circuits as biosensors and therapeutic agents.
abstract: Potential applications of thin film metamaterials are diverse and their realization to offer miniaturized waveguides, antennas and shielding patterns are on anvil. These artificially engineered structures can produce astonishing electromagnetic responses because of their constituents being engineered at much smaller dimensions than the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave, hence behaving as artificial materials. Such micro-nano dimensions of thin film metamaterial structures can be customized for various applications due to their exclusive responses to not only electromagnetic, but also to acoustic and thermal waves that surpass the natural materials' properties. In this paper, the recent major advancements in the emerging fields of diagnostics (sensors) and therapeutics involving thin film metamaterials have been reviewed and underlined; discussing their edge over conventional counterpart techniques; concentrating on their design considerations and feasible ways of achieving them. Challenges faced in sensitivity, precision, accuracy and factors that interfere with the degree of performance of the sensors are also dealt with, herein.
authors.affiliation: BioMEMS and Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, United States.
authors.forename: Sohini
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: RoyChoudhury
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics, Defense Institute of Advanced Technology, Deemed University, Girinagar, Pune 411025, India.
authors.forename: Vaishali
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rawat
authors.affiliation: BioMEMS and Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, United States.
authors.forename: Ahmed Hasnain
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Jalal
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics, Defense Institute of Advanced Technology, Deemed University, Girinagar, Pune 411025, India.
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Kale
authors.affiliation: BioMEMS and Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, United States. Electronic address: sbhansa@fiu.edu.
authors.forename: Shekhar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhansali
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D012031:Refractometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance / Q000295:instrumentation*
keywords: Dielectric; Electromagnetic; Metamaterial; Microwave; Plasmon; Refractive index; Resonance; Terahertz