title: A Clinical Experimental Model to Evaluate Analgesic Effect of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning in Acute Postoperative Pain.
abstract: This study aims to evaluate the viability of a clinical model of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) and its analgesic effects. It is a prospective study with twenty (20) patients randomly divided into two groups: control group and RIPC group. The opioid analgesics consumption in the postoperative period, the presence of secondary mechanical hyperalgesia, the scores of postoperative pain by visual analog scale, and the plasma levels interleukins (IL-6) were evaluated. The tourniquet applying after spinal anesthetic block was safe, producing no pain for all patients in the tourniquet group. The total dose of morphine consumption in 24 hours was significantly lower in RIPC group than in the control group (p = 0.0156). The intensity analysis of rest pain, pain during coughing and pain in deep breathing, showed that visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were significantly lower in RIPC group compared to the control group: p = 0.0087, 0.0119, and 0.0015, respectively. There were no differences between groups in the analysis of presence or absence of mechanical hyperalgesia (p = 0.0704) and in the serum levels of IL-6 dosage over time (p < 0.0001). This clinical model of remote ischemic preconditioning promoted satisfactory analgesia in patients undergoing conventional cholecystectomy, without changing serum levels of IL-6.
authors.affiliation: Surgery Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francisco Elano Carvalho
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Walter Cantídio University Hospital, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Irene Lopes
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Mello
authors.affiliation: Walter Cantídio University Hospital, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando Heladio de Oliveira Medeiros
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Pimenta
authors.affiliation: Walter Cantídio University Hospital, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Debora Maia
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.affiliation: Physiology and Pharmacology Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Deysi Viviana Tenazoa
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Surgery Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Claudia Regina
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Physiology and Pharmacology Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberto César
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Lima Junior
authors.affiliation: Surgery Department, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Josenília M Alves
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gomes