title: Thrombin preferentially induces autophagy in glia cells in the rat central nervous system.
abstract: Autophagy widely occurs after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). In our previous study, we demonstrated that thrombin, a serine protease produced after hematoma, contributes to ICH-induced autophagy. However, whether thrombin plays a neuronal and/or astrocytic role in autophagy induction is largely unknown. Here, we examined the autophagic role of thrombin on neurons and glia cells, respectively. In vivo, we found that intracaudate injection of thrombin specifically elevated the astrocytic expression of beclin-1 and LC3, two autophagic markers, and promoted the formation of autophagic vacuoles within astrocytes rather than neurons in the ipsilateral basal ganglia. Consistent with this, thrombin enhanced the LC3-II level and increased the number of MDC-labeled autophagic vacuoles in cultured astrocytes. These results indicated that thrombin preferentially activated astrocytic autophagy after ICH, and therefore provided novel insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic targets for hemorrhage stroke and brain trauma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200042, China.
authors.forename: Shukun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200042, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Affiliated Children's Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200042, China. Electronic address: zhangyi@huashan.org.cn.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy; D000071186:Beclin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009474:Neurons / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013917:Thrombin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D000071186:Beclin-1; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D013917:Thrombin; C512829:Becn1 protein, rat; C526109:Anxa3 protein, rat
keywords: Astrocyte; Autophagy; Intracerebral hemorrhage; Neuron; Thrombin