title: Immunohistochemical assessment of cell populations in leprosy-spectrum lesions and reactional forms.
abstract: In situ immunophenotyping of leprosy lesions can improve our understanding of the biology of inflammatory cells during the immune response to Mycobacterium leprae antigens. In the present study, biopsies from 10 healthy controls and 70 leprosy patients were selected, 10 for each of the following conditions: clinical tuberculoid (TT), borderline tuberculoid (BT), borderline borderline (BB), borderline lepromatous (BL), lepromatous (LL), reversal reaction (R1), and erythema nodosum leprosum (R2). Qualitative and quantitative immunohistochemical analyses were performed to detect CD3, CD4, CD8, FoxP3, CD20, CD138, CD1a, CD57, CD15, CD117, CD68, and CD163. In addition, histochemistry was employed to identify eosinophils. The amount of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells was higher in TT than in LL patients. CD8+ T cells were predominant in T lymphocyte infiltrations in the basal layer of the epidermis. The number of FoxP3+ cells was similar among different forms of the disease, but was higher in BL and LL than in R2 individuals. CD20+ lymphocytes were most abundant in TT samples, while CD138+ plasma cells displayed no detectable differences. Epithelioid macrophages from the center of TT and R1 granulomas exhibited the M1 phenotype (CD68+CD163-), whereas those in LL granulomas showed the M2 phenotype (CD68+CD163+). There was a gradual decrease in the amount of CD1a+ cells from the TT towards the LL form of the disease. A significant increase in the number of neutrophils was observed only in R2 samples. All the cells investigated, except eosinophils, participated in the immunopathogenesis of leprosy.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Anatomic Pathology, Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana Raquel Vincenzi
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Fachin
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Anatomic Pathology, Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil. clev.blv@terra.com.br.
authors.forename: Cleverson Teixeira
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Anatomic Pathology, Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andrea de Faria Fernandes
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Belone
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, Universidade do Sagrado Coração, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula Favaro
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Trombone
authors.affiliation: Division of Research and Education, Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Patrícia Sammarco
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.affiliation: Ambulatory of Leprosy, Jardim Guanabara Health Center, Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cássio Cesar
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Guidella
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcello Fabiano
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Franco
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007918:Leprosy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD