title: The Efficacy of CIK-Based Immunotherapies for Advanced Solid Tumors.
abstract: To investigate the efficacy of cytokine-induced killer cell-based immunotherapies in patients with advanced malignant solid tumors and the difference in clinical efficiency among 3 kinds of cytokine-induced killer cell-based immunotherapies.
  
  
  
  One hundred forty-six cases with advanced solid tumor, 230 cycles of cytokine-induced killer cell-based immunotherapies, were involved in this study. T-lymphocyte subsets, carcinoembryonic antigen, and adverse reactions were recorded.
  
  
  
  CD3+T lymphocyte, Th, NKT, and Th/Tc were increased after cytokine-induced killer cell-based treatment, from 55.67 ± 3.64 to 84.12 ± 5.15, 26.56 ± 4.47 to 42.76 ± 3.68, 1.82 ± 0.58 to 7.08 ± 0.92, 0.79 ± 3.64 to 1.35 ± 0.20, respectively ( P < .001). Carcinoembryonic antigen was decreased from 398.39 ± 219.16 to 127.26 ± 153.41 ( P < .001). Difference values were greater than 0 ( P < .001). Difference value of carcinoembryonic antigen was obviously less than 0 ( P < .001). There was no obvious difference in all variations between cytokine-induced killer cell and DC+CIK groups ( P > .05). The highest amount of CD3+T lymphocyte and Th was recorded after at least 4 cycles of immunotherapy. And CD8+T/CD4+T also began to decrease after 4 cycles of immunotherapy. Difference value of T lymphocyte and Tc of patients with surgery is higher than that of patients without surgery.
  
  
  
  Cytokine-induced killer cell-based immunotherapy is capable of increasing T-lymphocyte subsets, recovering cellular immunity without severe side effects, and is suitable for different kinds of solid cancer. Clinical efficiency of cytokine-induced killer cell-based immunotherapy is influenced by many factors such as surgery, stage.
authors.affiliation: 1 The Central Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hongjin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: 2 The First Clinical College of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fengcai
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: 1 The Central Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhixin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Oncology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhaohua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: 1 The Central Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Peiwen
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.affiliation: 4 Department of Oncology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: 1 The Central Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China.|4 Department of Oncology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D055612:Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm
keywords: DC+CIK; DC-CIK; cellular immunity; cytokine-induced killer cell-based immunotherapies; dendritic cells; solid tumor