title: Intrinsic quality of goat oocytes already found denuded at collection for in vitro embryo production.
abstract: Although cumulus cells are essential for efficient oocyte maturation, the establishment of protocols that support IVD of embryos obtained from denuded oocytes (DOCs) is important for optimizing the use of reproductive biotechnologies. Thus, this study aimed to establish a protocol for IVD of goat DOC using different strategies of IVM and methods of oocyte activation. Four experiments were performed. Similar developmental competence of slaughterhouse DOC was obtained, regardless of maturation media (complex, semidefined or simplified). However, the ability to reach the blastocyst stage was affected by the activation method. Denuded oocytes subjected to parthenogenetic activation had greater (P < 0.05) development capacity, compared with those undergoing IVF with average cleavage rate of 83% and 75%, blastocyst rate of 49% and 28%, and blastocysts in relation to the cleaved embryos of 59% and 38, respectively. In addition, the quality of embryos evaluated after vitrification/warming was similar between parthenogenetic activation and IVF. Finally, we demonstrated that the coculture of cumulus-oocyte complex (COC) with DOC increased the competence of DOC at a ratio of 1:1 and 1:9 (DOC:COC). We believe that presence of cumulus cells (CCs) is not essential to the meiotic maturation, if at the time of removal of the oocyte from follicular environment, they already acquired competence to development. However, when the oocytes still need to acquire competence, the presence of CC may significantly contribute in their developmental capacity acquisition during IVM. Thus, regardless of the source, these oocytes will require longer time in IVM, contrary to what happens in the absence of CC. In conclusion, although DOC had a lower developmental potential, especially after IVF, they were able to produce blastocysts and the coculture of DOC with COC increased this developmental capacity.
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR7247, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA, CNRS, Université de Tours, Haras Nationaux, Nouzilly, France; Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, Veterinary School, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. Electronic address: joannavet@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Joanna Maria Gonçalves
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Souza-Fabjan
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR7247, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA, CNRS, Université de Tours, Haras Nationaux, Nouzilly, France; Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Réserve de la Haute Touche, Obterre, France.
authors.forename: Yann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Locatelli
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR7247, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA, CNRS, Université de Tours, Haras Nationaux, Nouzilly, France; Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Réserve de la Haute Touche, Obterre, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Duffard
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR7247, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA, CNRS, Université de Tours, Haras Nationaux, Nouzilly, France.
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Corbin
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, Veterinary School, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ribrio Ivan Tavares Pereira
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Batista
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Reproduction, Veterinary School, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vicente José
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: de Figueirêdo Freitas
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Endocrinology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Beckers
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR7247, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA, CNRS, Université de Tours, Haras Nationaux, Nouzilly, France.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mermillod
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000502:physiology; D054885:Cumulus Cells; D046149:Embryo Culture Techniques / Q000662:veterinary*; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000662:veterinary*; D006041:Goats / Q000196:embryology*; D059471:In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Techniques / Q000662:veterinary*; D009865:Oocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000662:veterinary*
keywords: Blastocyst; Cumulus cells; In vitro fertilization; In vitro maturation; Ovum pickup