title: Ion Imprinted Polymer for Preconcentration and Determination of Ultra-Trace Cadmium, Employing Flow Injection Analysis with Thermo Spray Flame Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.
abstract: This work proposes a preconcentration method using an ion imprinted polymer (IIP) for determination of cadmium, in several samples, employing a mini-column filled with the polymer coupled into a flow injection analysis system with detection by thermospray flame furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (FIA-TS-FF-AAS). The polymer was synthesized via bulk using methacrylic acid and vinylimidazole as a functional monomer. For the FIA system initial assessment, the variables: pH, eluent concentration and buffer concentration were studied, employing a 23 full factorial design. To obtain the optimum values for each significant variable, a Doehlert matrix was employed. After the optimization conditions as: pH 5.8, eluent (HNO3) concentration of 0.48 mol L-1and buffer concentration of 0.01 mol L-1, were adopted. The proposed method showed a linear response in the range of 0.081-10.0 μg L-1, limits detection and quantification of 0.024 and 0.081 μg L-1, respectively; preconcentration factor of 165, consumptive index of 0.06 mL, concentration efficiency 132 min-1, and frequency of readings equal to 26 readings h-1The accuracy was checked by analysis of certified reference materials for trace metals and recovery tests. The obtained results were in agreement with 95% confidence level (t-test). The method was adequate to apply in samples of: jewelry (earrings) (2.38 ± 0.28 μg kg-1), black tea (1.09 ± 0.15 μg kg-1), green tea (3.85 ± 0.13 μg kg-1), cigarette tobacco (38.27 ± 0.22 μg kg-1), and hair (0.35 ± 0.02 μg kg-1).
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar-SP), Departamento de Química, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ayla Campos
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: do Lago
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Instituto de Química, Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marchioni
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Instituto de Química, Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tássia Venga
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Mendes
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Instituto de Química, Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Célio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wisniewski
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar-SP), Departamento de Química, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pedro Sergio
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Fadini
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Instituto de Química, Alfenas, MG, Brazil pedro.luccas@unifal-mg.edu.br.
authors.forename: Pedro Orival
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Luccas
keywords: Cadmium; Ion imprinted polymer; flow injection analysis (FIA); thermospray flame furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (TS-FF-AAS)