title: Study of the impact of cranberry extract on the virulence factors and biofilm formation by Enterococcus faecalis strains isolated from urinary tract infections.
abstract: Drinking of cranberry fruit juice and application of commercial preparations containing the cranberry extracts are recommended in the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs), especially in women with recurrent UTIs. Many studies focus on the activity of cranberries against uropathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains. However, the knowledge of the cranberry effect on Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is limited. Therefore, the aim of our study was to establish the activity of commercial concentrated cranberry extract on the growth, virulence factors and biofilm formation of E. faecalis strains isolated from urine. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of cranberry extract were determined by the broth microdilution method. Disc diffusion method was used to determine antimicrobial susceptibility. The impact of cranberry extract on bacterial survival, hydrophobicity, synthesis of lipase, lecithinase, DNase, hemolysin, gelatinase and biofilm mass was determined. Results show that cranberry extract inhibits the growth, enzymatic activities of bacteria and limits biofilm formation. The antibacterial activities of the studied cranberry extract confirm that it could be successfully used in prevention of UTIs caused by E. faecalis.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland ;
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wojnicz
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland ;
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tichaczek-Goska
authors.affiliation: b Department of Microbiology , Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw , Wroclaw , Poland.
authors.forename: Kamila
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Korzekwa
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland ;
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kicia
authors.affiliation: a Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland ;
authors.forename: Andrzej B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Hendrich
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D000067030:Fruit and Vegetable Juices / Q000032:analysis; D005798:Genes, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D029799:Vaccinium macrocarpon / Q000737:chemistry*; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D037521:Virulence Factors
keywords: Antimicrobial; Enterococcus; UTIs; cranberry extract