title: Lactococcus garvieae outbreaks in Brazilian farms Lactococcosis in Pseudoplatystoma sp. - development of an autogenous vaccine as a control strategy.
abstract: This study evaluated the control of streptococcosis outbreaks in Brazil, isolated from diseased sorubim and identified as Lactococcus garvieae by genetic sequencing. This report determined the potential for lactococcosis control in sorubim Pseudoplatystoma sp. with two vaccines: an aqueous-based, whole-cell inactivated vaccine (bacterin) and an oil-adjuvanted bacterin. Their efficacy was evaluated at 30 days post-vaccination (d.p.v.) by challenge with L. garvieae, and the antibody production response at 15, 30 and 60 d.p.v. and the non-specific immune response were compared amongst treatments. High protection levels (P < 0.05) were achieved with the oil-adjuvanted vaccine with a relative percentage survival value of 81.7% at 30 d.p.v. Additionally, the oil-adjuvanted vaccine increased the immunogenicity of the bacterin as indicated by greater agglutination antibody titres from 15 until 60 d.p.v. This is the first report of a positive effect of vaccine administration on the specific immunity of sorubim, and the study showed that a specific antibody plays an important role in sorubim defence against lactococcosis because the innate immune responses were similar in all of the studied animals. These results demonstrated that oil-adjuvanted vaccine can be an effective alternative for the protection of sorubim from L. garvieae disease.
authors.affiliation: Aquaculture Center, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: H C S
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.affiliation: AQUAVET, Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: C A G
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.affiliation: Fisheries Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Cavalcante
authors.affiliation: AQUAVET, Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: H C P
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arijo
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Moriñigo
authors.affiliation: EMBRAPA-Environment, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Genetic and Evolution Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Borra
authors.affiliation: Fisheries Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: M J T
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ranzani-Paiva
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000818:Animals; D054991:Autovaccines / Q000276:immunology; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002397:Catfishes; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D017045:Lactococcus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D054991:Autovaccines; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines
keywords: 
  Lactococcus garvieae
  ; Koch's postulate; aquaculture; immunology; molecular diagnosis