title: Development and Initial Testing of the Parent Beliefs about Early Childhood Social-Emotional Development Instrument.
abstract: No instrument exists to measure parent beliefs about early social-emotional development, which is foundational for child outcomes. We developed and tested an instrument to measure parent beliefs.
  
  
  
  Positive parenting was defined from the literature and 84 items were developed based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The instrument was tested with mothers (N=200) from the United States.
  
  
  
  Data support our initial supposition of five factors based upon the TPB, which accounted for 65.5% of the total variance.
  
  
  
  The instrument demonstrates strong initial psychometric properties and is ready for further testing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Electronic address: deborah.davis@louisville.edu.
authors.forename: Deborah Winders
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY; University of Louisville Hospital, Kentucky One Health, Louisville, KY. Electronic address: mclogs01@louisville.edu.
authors.forename: M Cynthia
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Logsdon
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Electronic address: john.myers@louisville.edu.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Electronic address: lesa.ryan@louisville.edu.
authors.forename: Lesa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.affiliation: University of Louisville Hospital, Kentucky One Health, Louisville, KY. Electronic address: kaevan04@louisville.edu.
authors.forename: Kyle
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Evanow
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY. Electronic address: melissa.hancock@louisville.edu.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hancock
mesh_terms: D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004644:Emotions; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States