title: Neuroprotective Effect of Salvianolic Acids against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.
abstract: This study investigated the neuroprotective effect of salvianolic acids (SA) against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and explored whether the neuroprotection was dependent on mitochondrial connexin43 (mtCx43) via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway. In vitro, we measured astrocyte apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and also evaluated the morphology of astrocyte mitochondria with transmission electron microscopy. In vivo, we determined the cerebral infarction volume and measured superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Additionally, mtCx43, p-mtCx43, AKT, and p-AKT levels were determined. In vitro, we found that I/R injury induced apoptosis, decreased cell mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and damaged mitochondrial morphology in astrocytes. In vivo, we found that I/R injury resulted in a large cerebral infarction, decreased SOD activity, and increased MDA expression. Additionally, I/R injury reduced both the p-mtCx43/mtCx43 and p-AKT/AKT ratios. We reported that both in vivo and in vitro, SA ameliorated the detrimental outcomes of the I/R. Interestingly, co-administering an inhibitor of the PI3K/AKT pathway blunted the effects of SA. SA represents a potential treatment option for cerebral infarction by up-regulating mtCx43 through the PI3K/AKT pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China. houshuai0310@163.com.
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China. zhaommchn@163.com.
authors.forename: Ming-Ming
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China. blush135@163.com.
authors.forename: Ping-Ping
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, the Center Hospital of Jilin City, Jilin 132000, China. liuxiuping12345@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiu-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Xuzhou Center Hospital, Xuzhou 221000, China. sysun12@126.com.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China. fengjcfrank@126.com.
authors.forename: Jia-Chun
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000475:Alkenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000475:Alkenes; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D059808:Polyphenols; C568740:salvianolic acid
keywords: astrocyte; cerebral ischemia/reperfusion; mitochondrial connexin43; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B; salvianolic acid