title: Selection of the Optimal Herbal Compositions of Red Clover and Pomegranate According to Their Protective Effect against Climacteric Symptoms in Ovariectomized Mice.
abstract: This study aimed to ascertain the optimal range of red clover dry extracts (RC) and dried pomegranate concentrate powder (PCP) to induce anti-climacteric effects. Thus, the dose ranges showing protective effect of mixed formulae consisting of RC and PCP were examined in ovariectomized mice. At 28 days after bilateral ovariectomy (OVX), mixed herbal compositions (RC:PCP = 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, 2:1, 4:1, and 8:1) were administered orally, at 120 mg/kg once daily for 84 days. We evaluated that RC and PCP mixture attenuate OVX-caused obesity, hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and osteoporosis. Compared to OVX-induced control mice, body weight and abdominal fat weight in OVX-induced mice were significantly decreased, concomitantly with increase of uterus weight by RC:PCP mixture. Additionally, significant increases in serum estradiol levels were observed in all RC:PCP-treated mice. RC:PCP mixture also showed protective effect against OVX-induced hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis. Total body and femur mean bone mineral density (BMD), osteocalcin, bALP contents were effectively increased by RC:PCP mixture. Taken together, RC:PCP mixture (2:1, 1:1, and 4:1) has remarkable protective effects against the changes induced by OVX. In particular, RC:PCP mixture (2:1) shows the strongest effect and may be considered as a potential protective agent against climacteric symptoms.
authors.affiliation: The Medical Research Center for Globalization of Herbal Medicine, Daegu Haany University, 1, Haanydaero, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-Do 38610, Korea. vegonia1@hanmail.net.|Department of Preventive medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, 1, Haanydaero, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-Do 38610, Korea. vegonia1@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Su Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Research Institute, Health-Love Co., Ltd., Anyang 13946, Korea. brchoi@health-love.com.
authors.forename: Beom Rak
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Research Institute, Health-Love Co., Ltd., Anyang 13946, Korea. key7413@health-love.com.
authors.forename: Seung Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Research Institute, Health-Love Co., Ltd., Anyang 13946, Korea. Leehaeyun@health-love.com.
authors.forename: Hae Yeon
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.affiliation: Research Institute, Health-Love Co., Ltd., Anyang 13946, Korea. hrpark@health-love.com.
authors.forename: Hye Rim
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: The Medical Research Center for Globalization of Herbal Medicine, Daegu Haany University, 1, Haanydaero, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-Do 38610, Korea. dvmsong@hotmail.com.|Department of Histology and Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, 1, Haanydaero, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-Do 38610, Korea. dvmsong@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Chang Hyun
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: The Medical Research Center for Globalization of Herbal Medicine, Daegu Haany University, 1, Haanydaero, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-Do 38610, Korea. gucci200@hanmail.net.|Department of Histology and Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, 1, Haanydaero, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-Do 38610, Korea. gucci200@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Sae Kwang
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.affiliation: The Medical Research Center for Globalization of Herbal Medicine, Daegu Haany University, 1, Haanydaero, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-Do 38610, Korea. gksxntk@dhu.ac.kr.|Department of Preventive medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, 1, Haanydaero, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-Do 38610, Korea. gksxntk@dhu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Young Joon
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D021461:Animals, Outbred Strains; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D057847:Lipid Regulating Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D029561:Lythraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D048789:Phytoestrogens / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D029921:Trifolium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D057847:Lipid Regulating Agents; D048789:Phytoestrogens; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: anti-climacteric effects; dried pomegranate concentrate powder; ovariectomy; red clover dry extracts