title: Spatial organization of chromatin domains and compartments in single chromosomes.
abstract: The spatial organization of chromatin critically affects genome function. Recent chromosome-conformation-capture studies have revealed topologically associating domains (TADs) as a conserved feature of chromatin organization, but how TADs are spatially organized in individual chromosomes remains unknown. Here, we developed an imaging method for mapping the spatial positions of numerous genomic regions along individual chromosomes and traced the positions of TADs in human interphase autosomes and X chromosomes. We observed that chromosome folding deviates from the ideal fractal-globule model at large length scales and that TADs are largely organized into two compartments spatially arranged in a polarized manner in individual chromosomes. Active and inactive X chromosomes adopt different folding and compartmentalization configurations. These results suggest that the spatial organization of chromatin domains can change in response to regulation.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
authors.forename: Siyuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
authors.forename: Jun-Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Brian J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Beliveau
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
authors.forename: Bogdan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bintu
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Moffitt
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. zhuang@chemistry.harvard.edu twu@genetics.med.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Chao-ting
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. zhuang@chemistry.harvard.edu twu@genetics.med.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Xiaowei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhuang
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D002843:Chromatin / Q000737:chemistry*; D002890:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 20 / Q000737:chemistry; D002892:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 / Q000737:chemistry; D041321:Chromosomes, Human, X / Q000737:chemistry*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015894:Genome, Human; D006801:Humans; D007399:Interphase; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin