title: Developments in Methods for Measuring the Intestinal Absorption of Nanoparticle-Bound Drugs.
abstract: With the rapid development of nanotechnology, novel drug delivery systems comprising orally administered nanoparticles (NPs) have been paid increasing attention in recent years. The bioavailability of orally administered drugs has significant influence on drug efficacy and therapeutic dosage, and it is therefore imperative that the intestinal absorption of oral NPs be investigated. This review examines the various literature on the oral absorption of polymeric NPs, and provides an overview of the intestinal absorption models that have been developed for the study of oral nanoparticles. Three major categories of models including a total of eight measurement methods are described in detail (in vitro: dialysis bag, rat gut sac, Ussing chamber, cell culture model; in situ: intestinal perfusion, intestinal loops, intestinal vascular cannulation; in vivo: the blood/urine drug concentration method), and the advantages and disadvantages of each method are contrasted and elucidated. In general, in vitro and in situ methods are relatively convenient but lack accuracy, while the in vivo method is troublesome but can provide a true reflection of drug absorption in vivo. This review summarizes the development of intestinal absorption experiments in recent years and provides a reference for the systematic study of the intestinal absorption of nanoparticle-bound drugs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China. liuweiyxy@zzu.edu.cn.|Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China. liuweiyxy@zzu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK. haopan87@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China. yuncaizzu@163.com.
authors.forename: Caiyun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China. 18749452032@163.com.
authors.forename: Liling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China. rxzhao1012@163.com.
authors.forename: Ruixia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China. zhuxiaotao@163.com.
authors.forename: Yongtao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China. ppwwss@163.com.
authors.forename: Weisan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations
keywords: drug delivery; in situ; in vitro; in vivo; intestinal absorption; polymeric nanoparticles (NPs)