title: Prenatal cadmium exposure and preterm low birth weight in China.
abstract: Early studies have investigated the effect of prenatal cadmium (Cd) exposure on birth outcomes, such as preterm birth and low birth weight, although the results of these studies are inconsistent. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between prenatal exposure to Cd and the risk of preterm low birth weight (PLBW). A total of 408 mother-infant pairs (102 PLBW cases and 306 pair matched controls) were selected from the participants enrolled in the Healthy Baby Cohort (HBC) study between 2012 and 2014 in Hubei province, China. Concentrations of Cd in maternal urine collected before delivery were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and adjusted by creatinine. A significant association was observed between higher maternal urinary Cd levels and risk of PLBW (adjusted odds ratio (OR)=1.75 for the medium tertile, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88, 3.47; adjusted OR=2.51 for the highest tertile, 95% CI: 1.24, 5.07; P trend=0.03). The association was more pronounced among female infants than male infants. Our study suggested that prenatal exposure to Cd at the current level encountered in China may potentially increase the risk of delivering PLBW infants, particularly for female infants.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Brown Universtiy, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, USA.
authors.forename: Tongzhang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Aifen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.|Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaofu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xinyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chuansha
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Minmin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shunqing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000187:drug effects*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D011247:Pregnancy; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium