title: Structural Characterization and Evolutionary Relationship of High-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunit Genes in Roegneria nakaii and Roegneria alashanica.
abstract: The Roegneria of Triticeae is a large genus including about 130 allopolyploid species. Little is known about its high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs). Here, we reported six novel HMW-GS genes from R. nakaii and R. alashanica. Sequencing indicated that Rny1, Rny3, and Ray1 possessed intact open reading frames (ORFs), whereas Rny2, Rny4, and Ray2 harbored in-frame stop codons. All of the six genes possessed a similar primary structure to known HMW-GS, while showing some unique characteristics. Their coding regions were significantly shorter than Glu-1 genes in wheat. The amino acid sequences revealed that all of the six genes were intermediate towards the y-type. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the HMW-GSs from species with St, StY, or StH genome(s) clustered in an independent clade, varying from the typical x- and y-type clusters. Thus, the Glu-1 locus in R. nakaii and R. alashanica is a very primitive glutenin locus across evolution. The six genes were phylogenetically split into two groups clustered to different clades, respectively, each of the two clades included the HMW-GSs from species with St (diploid and tetraploid species), StY, and StH genomes. Hence, it is concluded that the six Roegneria HMW-GS genes are from two St genomes undergoing slight differentiation.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China. zhanglujun000@163.com.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. zhanglujun000@163.com.
authors.forename: Lujun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China. lizhixin09@163.com.|College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei, China. lizhixin09@163.com.
authors.forename: Zhixin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China. rcfan@genetics.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Renchun
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China. weibo_009@genetics.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China. xqzhang@genetics.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Xiangqi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D005983:Glutens / Q000235:genetics*; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010802:Phylogeny; D006109:Poaceae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D021122:Protein Subunits; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D021122:Protein Subunits; D005983:Glutens; C037302:glutenin
keywords: Roegneria alashanica; Roegneria nakaii; gene cloning; high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits; phylogenetic analysis; variation