title: Farmers' attitude toward the introduction of selective dry cow therapy.
abstract: The attitude of Dutch dairy farmers toward selective dry cow treatment (SDCT) is unknown, although a favorable mindset toward application of SDCT seems crucial for successful implementation. Given the fact that blanket dry cow treatment has been strongly promoted until recently, the implementation of SDCT was expected to be quite a challenge. This study aimed to provide insight into the level of implementation of SDCT in 2013 in the Netherlands, the methods used by farmers for selection of cows for dry cow treatment (DCT), the relation between SDCT and udder health and antimicrobial usage (AMU) in 2013, and the mindset of farmers toward SDCT. In 2014, a questionnaire was conducted in a group of 177 herds included in a large-scale udder health study in 2013 and for which all clinical mastitis cases during this year were recorded. In addition, data on somatic cell count (SCC) parameters and AMU was available for these herds. The questionnaire included questions with regard to DCT with a special emphasis on farmers' attitude and mindset with regard to applying DCT in 2013. The data that were obtained from the questionnaire were combined with the data on clinical mastitis, SCC, and AMU. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the data and to study the association between DCT, udder health, and AMU. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models with a logit link function were applied to evaluate potential associations between DCT and farmers' mindset. Selective DCT was taken up progressively by the farmers in our study, with 75% of them implementing SDCT in 2013. The main criterion used to select cows for DCT was the SCC history during the complete previous lactation. The herds were divided into 3 groups based on the percentage of cows dried off with antibiotics in 2013 as indicated by the farmers during interviews. The first group applied BDCT, and the herds for which SDCT was applied were split in 2 equally sized groups based on the median percentage of cows dried off with antibiotics (67%). The incidence rate of subclinical and clinical mastitis were comparable between the groups. Results of the multivariable model showed that 4 factors related to farmers' mindset were associated with the probability to apply SDCT: "financial consequences of SDCT," "uncertainty whether a cow will recover without antimicrobials," the statement "I do not have a problem with the (potential) negative consequences of SDCT," and the usage of internal teat sealants. Application of SDCT appeared to be associated with farmers' attitude. The mindset of farmers with respect to reduction of AMU and the implementation of SDCT was generally positive.
authors.affiliation: GD Animal Health, PO Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, the Netherlands. Electronic address: c.scherpenzeel@gdanimalhealth.com.
authors.forename: C G M
authors.initials: CGM
authors.lastname: Scherpenzeel
authors.affiliation: GD Animal Health, PO Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: S H W
authors.initials: SHW
authors.lastname: Tijs
authors.affiliation: GD Animal Health, PO Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: I E M
authors.initials: IEM
authors.lastname: den Uijl
authors.affiliation: GD Animal Health, PO Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: I M G A
authors.initials: IMGA
authors.lastname: Santman-Berends
authors.affiliation: GD Animal Health, PO Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: A G J
authors.initials: AGJ
authors.lastname: Velthuis
authors.affiliation: GD Animal Health, PO Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, the Netherlands; Utrecht University, Department Farm Animal Health, PO Box 80151, 3508 TD Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: T J G M
authors.initials: TJGM
authors.lastname: Lam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002452:Cell Count / Q000662:veterinary; D000067565:Farmers; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008892:Milk
keywords: antimicrobials; attitude; selective dry cow therapy; udder health