title: Effect of hydrolysable tannins on intestinal morphology, proliferation and apoptosis in entire male pigs.
abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of hydrolysable tannin supplementation on morphology, cell proliferation and apoptosis in the intestine and liver of fattening boars. A total of 24 boars (Landrace × Large white) were assigned to four treatment groups: Control (fed commercial feed mixture) and three experimental groups fed the same diet supplemented with 1%, 2% and 3% of hydrolysable tannin-rich extract. Animals were housed individually with ad libitum access to feed and then slaughtered at 193 d of age and 122 ± 10 kg body weight. Diets supplemented with hydrolysable tannin affected the morphometric traits of the duodenum mucosa as reflected in increased villus height, villus perimeter and mucosal thickness. No effect was observed on other parts of the small intestine. In the large intestine, tannin supplementation reduced mitosis (in the caecum and descending colon) and apoptosis (in the caecum, ascending and descending colon). No detrimental effect of tannin supplementation on liver tissue was observed. The present findings suggest that supplementing boars with hydrolysable tannins at concentrations tested in this experiment has no unfavourable effects on intestinal morphology. On the contrary, it may alter cell debris production in the large intestine and thus reduce intestinal skatole production.
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences , University of Maribor , Hoče , Slovenia.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bilić-Šobot
authors.affiliation: b Veterinary Faculty , University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kubale
authors.affiliation: c Animal Production Department , Agricultural Institute of Slovenia , Ljubljana , Slovenia.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Škrlep
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences , University of Maribor , Hoče , Slovenia.|c Animal Production Department , Agricultural Institute of Slovenia , Ljubljana , Slovenia.
authors.forename: Marjeta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Čandek-Potokar
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences , University of Maribor , Hoče , Slovenia.|c Animal Production Department , Agricultural Institute of Slovenia , Ljubljana , Slovenia.
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prevolnik Povše
authors.affiliation: b Veterinary Faculty , University of Ljubljana , Ljubljana , Slovenia.
authors.forename: Gregor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fazarinc
authors.affiliation: a Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences , University of Maribor , Hoče , Slovenia.
authors.forename: Dejan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Škorjanc
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D007422:Intestines / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D012862:Skatole / Q000378:metabolism*; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins; D012862:Skatole
keywords: Apoptosis; cell proliferation; intestines; morphometrics; pigs; tannins