title: Performance of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score and a Simplified Finnish Diabetes Risk Score in a Community-Based, Cross-Sectional Programme for Screening of Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Dysglycaemia in Madrid, Spain: The SPREDIA-2 Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the performance of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) and a simplified FINDRISC score (MADRISC) in screening for undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (UT2DM) and dysglycaemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based, cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out with participants with UT2DM, ranged between 45-74 years and lived in two districts in the north of metropolitan Madrid (Spain). The FINDRISC and MADRISC scores were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve method (ROC-AUC). Four different gold standards were used for UT2DM and any dysglycaemia, as follows: fasting plasma glucose (FPG), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), HbA1c, and OGTT or HbA1c. Dysglycaemia and UT2DM were defined according to American Diabetes Association criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study population comprised 1,426 participants (832 females and 594 males) with a mean age of 62 years (SD = 6.1). When HbA1c or OGTT criteria were used, the prevalence of UT2DM was 7.4% (10.4% in men and 5.2% in women; p<0.01) and the FINDRISC ROC-AUC for UT2DM was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.69-0.74). The optimal cut-off point was ≥13 (sensitivity = 63.8%, specificity = 65.1%). The ROC-AUC of MADRISC was 0.76 (95% CI, 0.72-0.81) with ≥13 as the optimal cut-off point (sensitivity = 84.8%, specificity = 54.6%). FINDRISC score ≥12 for detecting any dysglycaemia offered the best cut-off point when HbA1c alone or OGTT and HbA1c were the criteria used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FINDRISC proved to be a useful instrument in screening for dysglycaemia and UT2DM. In the screening of UT2DM, the simplified MADRISC performed as well as FINDRISC.
authors.affiliation: Subdirección General de Investigación Sanitaria, Consejería de Sanidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.|MADIABETES Research Group. Madrid, Spain.|Aging and Fragility in the Elderly Group- IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.|Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M A
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9450-4116
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Salinero-Fort
authors.affiliation: MADIABETES Research Group. Madrid, Spain.|Aging and Fragility in the Elderly Group- IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.|Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Madrid, Spain.|Dirección General de Salud Pública, Subdirección de Promoción, Prevención y Educación de la Salud, Consejería de Sanidad, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Burgos-Lunar
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lahoz
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Mostaza
authors.affiliation: MADIABETES Research Group. Madrid, Spain.|Aging and Fragility in the Elderly Group- IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.|Centro de Salud Monóvar, Servicio Madrileño de Salud, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Abánades-Herranz
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Laguna-Cuesta
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Estirado-de Cabo
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: García-Iglesias
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: González-Alegre
authors.affiliation: Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fernández-Puntero
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Montesano-Sánchez
authors.affiliation: Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vicent-López
authors.affiliation: Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cornejo-Del Río
authors.affiliation: Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Fernández-García
authors.affiliation: Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Arroyo
authors.affiliation: Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sabín-Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: López-López
authors.affiliation: Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Patrón-Barandio
authors.affiliation: MADIABETES Research Group. Madrid, Spain.|Aging and Fragility in the Elderly Group- IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.|Plataforma de Apoyo al Investigador Novel (PAIN Platform), Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gómez-Campelo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012372:ROC Curve; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires