title: Clinical and pathogenic analysis of 507 children with bacterial meningitis in Beijing, 2010-2014.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the clinical characteristics and analyze the pathogens of bacterial meningitis in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bacterial meningitis cases occurring from January 2010 through December 2014 at Beijing Children's Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. The records of all patients, including data on clinical features and laboratory information, were obtained and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, the cases of 507 pediatric patients seen over a 5-year period were analyzed; 220 of these cases were etiologically confirmed. These patients were classified into four age groups: 29 days to 1 year (n=373, 73.6%), 1-3 years (n=61, 12.0%), 3-6 years (n=41, 8.1%), and >6 years (n=32, 6.3%). The main pathogens identified in this study were Streptococcus pneumoniae (n=73, 33.2%), Escherichia coli (n=24, 10.9%), Enterococcus (n=22, 10.0%), and group B Streptococcus (n=18, 8.2%). All Gram-positive bacteria were sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid. All Gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to meropenem. The total non-susceptibility rate of S. pneumoniae to penicillin was 47.6% (20/42). The resistance rates to ceftriaxone, cefepime, and ceftazidime were 75% (9/12), 55.6% (5/9), and 40% (4/10), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The main pathogen of bacterial meningitis in this study was S. pneumoniae. The antibiotic resistance rates among children with bacterial meningitis are of serious concern.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Laboratory of Microbiology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ling-Yun
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Xiao
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ping-Ping
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Laboratory of Microbiology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Laboratory of Microbiology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Kai-Hu
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Lin-Lin
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: liugang10@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children and National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Laboratory of Microbiology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: yyh628628@sina.com.
authors.forename: Yong-Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D016920:Meningitis, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
keywords: Antibiotic susceptibility; Bacterial meningitis; Children; Pathogen