title: Short chain and polyunsaturated fatty acids in host gut health and foodborne bacterial pathogen inhibition.
abstract: As a major source of microbes and their numerous beneficial effects, the gut microflora/microbiome is intimately linked to human health and disease. The exclusion of enteric pathogens by these commensal microbes partially depends upon the production of bioactive compounds such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). These key intestinal microbial byproducts are crucial to the maintenance of a healthy gut microbial community. Moreover, SCFAs and PUFAs play multiple critical roles in host defense and immunity, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidant activities, as well as out-competition of enteric bacterial pathogens. In this review article, we hereby aim to highlight the importance of SCFAs and PUFAs and the microbes involved in production of these beneficial intestinal components, and their biological functions, specifically as to their immunomodulation and interactions with enteric bacterial pathogens. Finally, we also advance potential applications of these fatty acids with regards to food safety and human gut health.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Animal and Avian Sciences , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland , USA.|b Biological Sciences Program Molecular and Cellular Biology Concentration , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland , USA.
authors.forename: Mengfei
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1206-4883
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: a Department of Animal and Avian Sciences , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland , USA.|b Biological Sciences Program Molecular and Cellular Biology Concentration , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland , USA.|c Center for Food Safety and Security Systems , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland , USA.
authors.forename: Debabrata
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Biswas
mesh_terms: D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000517:prevention & control; D054892:Metagenome / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile
keywords: Functional fatty acid; food safety; foodborne bacterial pathogen; gut immunity; gut microbiome