title: Openness to (reporting) experiences that one never had: Overclaiming as an outcome of the knowledge accumulated through a proclivity for cognitive and aesthetic exploration.
abstract: Overclaiming-in which individuals overstate their level of familiarity with items-has been proposed as a potential indicator of positive self-presentation. However, the precise nature and determinants of overclaiming are not well understood. Herein, we provide novel insights into overclaiming through 4 primary studies (comprising 6 samples) and a meta-analysis. Based on past empirical work and theoretical discussions suggesting that overclaiming may be the result of several processes-including an egoistic tendency to self-enhance, intentional impression managing behavior, and memory biases-we investigate various potential dispositional bases of this behavior. We hypothesized that overclaiming would best be predicted by a dispositional tendency to be curious and explorative (i.e., high Openness to Experience) and by a dispositional tendency to be disingenuous and self-centered (i.e., low Honesty-Humility). All studies provided support for the first hypothesis; that is, overclaiming was positively associated with Openness. However, no study supported the hypothesis that overclaiming was associated with Honesty-Humility. The third and fourth studies, where multiple mechanisms were compared simultaneously, further revealed that overclaiming can be understood as a result of knowledge accumulated through a general proclivity for cognitive and aesthetic exploration (i.e., Openness) and, to a lesser extent, time spent in formal education. (PsycINFO Database Record
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Western Australia.
authors.forename: Patrick D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Dunlop
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Calgary.
authors.forename: Joshua S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bourdage
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.
authors.forename: Reinout E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Koblenz-Landau.
authors.forename: Benjamin E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Hilbig
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen.
authors.forename: Ingo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zettler
authors.affiliation: Department of Political Science, University of Southern Denmark.
authors.forename: Steven G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Ludeke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005106:Exploratory Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010551:Personality; D012649:Self Concept; D012928:Social Desirability; D055815:Young Adult