title: Stain susceptibility of composite and ceramic CAD/CAM blocks versus direct resin composites with different resinous matrices.
abstract: To evaluate the stain susceptibility of CAD/CAM blocks and direct composite after long term exposure to various staining agents. 40 disk-shaped samples were fabricated from each of nine materials; six CAD/CAM (Vitablocs Mark II, Paradigm MZ100, Experimental Vita Hybrid Ceramic, Vita Enamic, Experimental Kerr and Lava Ultimate) and three direct composites (Filtek Supreme, Venus Diamond and Filtek Silorane). Samples were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8) according to different staining solutions (distilled water, tea, red wine, coffee and artificial saliva). Initial L*a*b* values were assessed using a calibrated digital spectrophotometer. Specimens were immersed in staining solutions and stored in an incubator at 37 °C for 120 days. L*a*b* values were assessed again and color change (∆E) was calculated as difference between recorded L*a*b* values. ANOVA, and Duncan test were used to identify differences between groups (α = 0.05). Significant differences in ∆E values were detected between materials (p = 0.000). Among all staining solutions, the highest ∆E value was observed with red wine. The new CAD/CAM blocks (Vita Enamic, Vita Hybrid Ceramic and Lava Ultimate) showed the highest resistance to staining compared to the MZ100 composite resin blocks. Filtek Silorane, a direct composite, showed high stain resistance values compared to CAD/CAM materials and other direct composites. Ceramic and composite CAD/CAM blocks had lower staining susceptibility than methacrylate based direct composite. Staining susceptibility of the new resin based CAD/CAM materials Vita Enamic and Lava Ultimate was comparable to feldspathic ceramic blocks (Vitablocs Mark II). Filtek Silorane showed promising results that were comparable to some CAD/CAM blocks.
authors.affiliation: Section of Dental Medicine, Division of Cariology and Endodontology, University of Geneva, 19, rue Barthélemy-Menn, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland. amal.alharbi@unige.ch.|Al-Nakheel Medical Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. amal.alharbi@unige.ch.
authors.forename: Amal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alharbi
authors.affiliation: Section of Dental Medicine, Division of Cariology and Endodontology, University of Geneva, 19, rue Barthélemy-Menn, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ardu
authors.affiliation: Section of Dental Medicine, Division of Cariology and Endodontology, University of Geneva, 19, rue Barthélemy-Menn, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Tissiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bortolotto
authors.affiliation: Section of Dental Medicine, Division of Cariology and Endodontology, University of Geneva, 19, rue Barthélemy-Menn, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ivo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Krejci
mesh_terms: D002516:Ceramics; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000737:chemistry*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008422:Materials Testing; D062047:Silorane Resins; D013499:Surface Properties; D014075:Tooth Discoloration; D015040:Zirconium
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; C474035:Filtek Supreme; D062047:Silorane Resins; C000621297:VITA Enamic; C488393:Venus (composite resin); C082340:Vita Mark II; C452079:paradigm MZ100; C555513:silorane composite resin; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D015040:Zirconium
keywords: CAD/CAM materials; Ceramic; Color; Composite; Staining