title: Barley NARROW LEAFED DWARF1 encoding a WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX 3 (WOX3) regulates the marginal development of lateral organs.
abstract: Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is the fourth most-produced cereal in the world and is mainly utilized as animal feed and malts. Recently barley attracts considerable attentions as healthy food rich in dietary fiber. However, limited knowledge is available about developmental aspects of barley leaves. In the present study, we investigated barley narrow leafed dwarf1 (nld1) mutants, which exhibit thin leaves accompanied by short stature. Detailed histological analysis revealed that leaf marginal tissues, such as sawtooth hairs and sclerenchymatous cells, were lacked in nld1, suggesting that narrowed leaf of nld1 was attributable to the defective development of the marginal regions in the leaves. The defective marginal developments were also appeared in internodes and glumes in spikelets. Map-based cloning revealed that NLD1 encodes a WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX 3 (WOX3), an ortholog of the maize NARROW SHEATH genes. In situ hybridization showed that NLD1 transcripts were localized in the marginal edges of leaf primordia from the initiating stage. From these results, we concluded that NLD1 plays pivotal role in the increase of organ width and in the development of marginal tissues in lateral organs in barley.
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural Regional Vitalization, Kibi International University , Minamiawaji, Hyogo 656-0484 , Japan.
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural Regional Vitalization, Kibi International University , Minamiawaji, Hyogo 656-0484 , Japan.
authors.forename: Shin-Ya
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural Regional Vitalization, Kibi International University , Minamiawaji, Hyogo 656-0484 , Japan.
authors.forename: Yuuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Masumoto
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural Regional Vitalization, Kibi International University , Minamiawaji, Hyogo 656-0484 , Japan.
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nobori
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural Regional Vitalization, Kibi International University , Minamiawaji, Hyogo 656-0484 , Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo , Tokyo 113-8657 , Japan.
authors.forename: Ken-Ichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hibara
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo , Tokyo 113-8657 , Japan.
authors.forename: Jun-Ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural Regional Vitalization, Kibi International University , Minamiawaji, Hyogo 656-0484 , Japan.
authors.forename: Takatoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanisaka
authors.affiliation: Group of Genetic Resources and Functions, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University , Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046 , Japan.
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taketa
keywords: Hordeum vulgare L.; WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX 3; barley; lateral organ; marginal development; narrow leafed dwarf1