title: Exploration of early-life candidate biomarkers for childhood asthma using antibody arrays.
abstract: Proteomic approaches identifying biomarkers have been applied to asthma to only a very limited extent.
  
  
  
  With an antibody array (RayBiotech, Norcross, GA, USA), the relative intensity and rank differences of 444 proteins were compared in 24 plasma samples obtained at age 3, 11 from children with and 12 without asthma diagnoses at ages 5 and 9. Protein candidates identified by antibody array were quantitated by ELISA in an enlarged sample. Proteins found to differentiate children with and without asthma were also examined for association with known Year 1 asthma risk factors, eczema, and wheeze.
  
  
  
  In the antibody array, four proteins had rank differences between asthma and non-asthma groups (FDR <0.1). By ELISA, mean log (±s.e.m.) erythropoietin (EPO) level (IU/l) was lower (0.750 ± 0.048 vs. 0.898 ± 0.035; p = 0.006) and mean (±s.e.m.) soluble GP130 (sGP130) level (ng/ml) was higher in the asthma vs. the non-asthma group (302 ± 13 vs. 270 ± 8; p = 0.041). The other 2 array proteins (galactin-3 and eotaxin-3) did not differ by ELISA by asthma. EPO related to the asthma risk factor, first year eczema, whereas sGP130 related to first year wheeze.
  
  
  
  Through two independent assessments, age 3 plasma levels of EPO and sGP130 were found related to childhood asthma.
authors.affiliation: Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Department of Pharmacology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Haili
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Radabaugh
authors.affiliation: Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Zhenqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galligan
authors.affiliation: Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Bio5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Statistics Consulting Laboratory, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Dean
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Billheimer
authors.affiliation: Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Bio5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Arizona Respiratory Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Arizona Center for the Biology of Complex Disease, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Donata
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vercelli
authors.affiliation: Arizona Respiratory Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Anne L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.affiliation: Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Bio5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Arizona Center for the Biology of Complex Disease, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Terrence J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Monks
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Bio5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Arizona Respiratory Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.|Arizona Center for the Biology of Complex Disease, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Marilyn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Halonen
authors.affiliation: Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. serrine.lau@wayne.edu.|Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. serrine.lau@wayne.edu.|Bio5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. serrine.lau@wayne.edu.|Arizona Center for the Biology of Complex Disease, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. serrine.lau@wayne.edu.
authors.forename: Serrine S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lau
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000378:metabolism; D001249:Asthma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D050822:Cytokine Receptor gp130 / Q000097:blood*; D004485:Eczema; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D040081:Protein Array Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D040901:Proteomics; D012135:Respiratory Sounds; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D004921:Erythropoietin; D050822:Cytokine Receptor gp130
keywords: asthma; biomarker; erythropoietin; plasma; soluble GP130