title: Hypocholesterolaemic Activity of Lupin Peptides: Investigation on the Crosstalk between Human Enterocytes and Hepatocytes Using a Co-Culture System Including Caco-2 and HepG2 Cells.
abstract: Literature indicates that peptic and tryptic peptides derived from the enzymatic hydrolysis of lupin protein are able to modulate cholesterol metabolism in human hepatic HepG2 cells and that part of these peptides are absorbed in a small intestine model based on differentiated human Caco-2 cells. In this paper, a co-culture system, including Caco-2 and HepG2 cells, was investigated with two objectives: (a) to verify whether cholesterol metabolism in HepG2 cells was modified by the peptides absorption through Caco-2 cells; (b) to investigate how lupin peptides influence cholesterol metabolism in Caco-2 cells. The experiments showed that the absorbed peptides, not only maintained their bioactivity on HepG2 cells, but that this activity was improved by the crosstalk of the two cells systems in co-culture. In addition, lupin peptides showed a positive influence on cholesterol metabolism in Caco-2 cells, decreasing the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) secretion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan I-20133, Italy. carmen.lammi@unimi.it.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lammi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan I-20133, Italy. chiara.zanoni@guest.unimi.it.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zanoni
authors.affiliation: CREA, Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Rome I-00100, Italy. simonetta.ferruzza@crea.gov.it.
authors.forename: Simonetta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferruzza
authors.affiliation: CREA, Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Rome I-00100, Italy. giulia.ranaldi@crea.gov.it.
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ranaldi
authors.affiliation: CREA, Food and Nutrition Research Centre, Rome I-00100, Italy. yula.sambuy@crea.gov.it.
authors.forename: Yula
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sambuy
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan I-20133, Italy. anna.arnoldi@unimi.it.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arnoldi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002450:Cell Communication; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D020895:Enterocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D031297:Lupinus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010434:Pepsin A / Q000378:metabolism; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071449:Proprotein Convertase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D014357:Trypsin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates; D002784:Cholesterol; C472125:PCSK9 protein, human; D000071449:Proprotein Convertase 9; D014357:Trypsin; D010434:Pepsin A
keywords: LDL receptor; Lupinus; PCSK9; bioactive food peptides; cholesterol metabolism; intestinal absorption