title: Validation of the Implementation Leadership Scale (ILS) in Substance use Disorder Treatment Organizations.
abstract: There have been recent calls for pragmatic measures to assess factors that influence evidence-based practice (EBP) implementation processes and outcomes. The Implementation Leadership Scale (ILS) is a brief and efficient measure that can be used for research or organizational development purposes to assess leader behaviors and actions that actively support effective EBP implementation. The ILS was developed and validated in mental health settings. This study validates the ILS factor structure with providers in alcohol and other drug (AOD) use treatment agencies. Participants were 323 service providers working in 72 workgroups from three AOD use treatment agencies. Confirmatory factor analyses and reliability analyses were conducted to examine the psychometric properties of the ILS. Convergent and discriminant validity were also assessed. Confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated good fit to the hypothesized first and second order factor structure. Internal consistency reliability was excellent. Convergent and discriminant validity was supported. The ILS psychometric characteristics, reliability, and validity were supported in AOD use treatment agencies. The ILS is a brief and pragmatic measure that can be used for research and practice to assess leadership for EBP implementation in AOD use treatment agencies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Child and Adolescent Services Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA; Center for Organizational Research on Implementation and Leadership (CORIL), San Diego, CA, USA. Electronic address: gaarons@ucsd.edu.
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Aarons
authors.affiliation: Center for Organizational Research on Implementation and Leadership (CORIL), San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA. Electronic address: mehrhart@mail.sdsu.edu.
authors.forename: Mark G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Ehrhart
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Child and Adolescent Services Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA; Center for Organizational Research on Implementation and Leadership (CORIL), San Diego, CA, USA. Electronic address: eltorres@ucsd.edu.
authors.forename: Elisa M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Child and Adolescent Services Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA; Center for Organizational Research on Implementation and Leadership (CORIL), San Diego, CA, USA. Electronic address: nfinn@ucsd.edu.
authors.forename: Natalie K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Finn
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA. Electronic address: sroesch@mail.sdsu.edu.
authors.forename: Scott C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Roesch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000534:rehabilitation; D055317:Evidence-Based Practice / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Addictions; Alcohol; Drug; Implementation leadership; Leadership; Substance abuse; Substance use disorder treatment; Treatment