title: Evaluation of Ventilation Tube Placement and Long-term Audiologic Outcome in Children With Cleft Palate.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of ventilation tube (VT) placement on long-term hearing outcomes in children with cleft palate.
  
  
  
  Case series with chart review.
  
  
  
  Genetic and dysmorphology database at Rady Children's Hospital-San Diego (RCHSD).
  
  
  
  Children with cleft palate diagnosis who underwent surgery at RCHSD between 1995 and 2002.
  
  
  
  The primary outcome studied was hearing acuity at 10 years of age. Independent variables studied included gender, age at palate repair and first VT placement, total number of VTs, number of complications, and presence of tympanic membrane perforation.
  
  
  
  An increased number of tubes was associated with a greater incidence of hearing loss at age 10, even after adjusting for total number of otologic complications. The timing of initial tube placement did not have a significant effect on long-term hearing outcome in this study.
  
  
  
  While children with worse middle ear disease are more likely to receive more tubes and have long-term conductive hearing loss as a result of ear disease, the results of this study suggest that multiple tube placements may not contribute to improved long-term hearing outcomes. Further research focusing on long-term outcomes is needed to establish patient-centered criteria guiding decision making for ventilation tube placement in children with cleft palate.
authors.forename: Elissa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Melissa D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Kanack
authors.forename: Milan D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Dang-Vu
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Marilyn C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Amanda A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Gosman
mesh_terms: D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D002648:Child; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008876:Middle Ear Ventilation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010034:Otitis Media with Effusion / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: cleft palate; grommet; ventilation tube