title: MicroRNA-21 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells as a novel biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa).
  
  
  METHODS
  Proved by pathologic biopsy, 92 patients diagnosed with PCa and also underwent resection operation and 85 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were selected in this study, as well as 97 healthy volunteers were chosen as the control group. PBMC were extracted to examine the relative expression of miR-21 by real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The relative operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drew to analyze the diagnosis value of PCa. The survival function curves were made by Kaplan-Meier method to show the miR-21 expression levels of PCa patients. The Log-rank test was adopted to compare the differences among the different groups. The Cox proportional hazard risk regression analysis was used to screen the independent factors affected the PCa patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression levels of miR-21 in PCa group were increased compared to BPH and control group (P < 0.05). The expression of miR-21 was significantly correlated with the Gleason score, clinical stages, bone metastasis and tumor recurrence (all P < 0.05). ROC curves demonstrated that the area under the curve of PCa and BPH distinguished by the miR-21 were 0.974 and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were 0.956∼ 0.993. The sensitivity and specificity were 93.5% and 92.9%. ROC curves demonstrated that the area under the curve of PCa and control group distinguished by the miR-21 were 0.984 and 95% CI were 0.972∼ 0.997. The sensitivity and specificity were 94.6% and 92.8%. The results of Kaplan-Meier Method demonstrated that the miR-21 expression levels were related to the prognosis of PCa (all P < 0.05). The results of the COX analysis suggested that the miR-21 expression level, tumor recurrence and bone metastasis could be the independent factors affected the prognosis of PCa patients (all P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  miR-21 is highly expressed in the PCa patients, which could be the molecule biomarker of diagnosis and prognosis of PCa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shougang Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shougang Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Dongliang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Kejia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shougang Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shougang Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xin-Li
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shougang Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shougang Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000235:genetics; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D012372:ROC Curve; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C524940:MIRN21 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: MicroRNA-21; Prostate cancer; benign prostatic hyperplasia; bone metastasis; gleason scores; peripheral blood mononuclear cells; specific antigen; tumor recurrences