title: Outcomes of 6.5-mm Hydrophilic Implants and Long Implants Placed with Lateral Sinus Floor Elevation in the Atrophic Posterior Maxilla: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Clinical Comparison.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Very few controlled studies have compared short and long implants placed with appropriate sinus floor elevation techniques.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the 2-year outcomes of 6.5-mm hydrophilic implants placed with osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) and standard implants placed with lateral sinus floor elevation in patients with a severely atrophic posterior maxilla.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight patients with a residual bone height of 4-5 mm were randomized to receive one of the two above-mentioned treatments. Intra- and postoperative complications were recorded. The implant survival rate, peri-implant bone level, and periapical endosinus bone gain were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 80 inserted implants, one in the long implant group failed because of abscess formation. The peri-implant bone level change (0.35 ± 0.60 mm vs 0.40 ± 0.71 mm) was not significantly different between the two groups. The endosinus bone gain was 2.94 ± 0.81 mm and 10.19 ± 0.95 mm in the short and long implant groups, respectively. No serious adverse events related to implant surgery were recorded.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that the placement of 6.5-mm short implants with OSFE is an effective alternative for the rehabilitation of a severely atrophic posterior maxilla.
authors.affiliation: Prosthodontist, Restoration/Data analysis, 4th Dental Department, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Huajie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Professor, Critical revision of article, President of Chinese Stomatological Association, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Professor, Surgery/Approval of article, Dean of 4th Dental Department, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qiu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000601:surgery; D059605:Dental Implant-Abutment Design; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery*; D063166:Maxillary Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009066:Mouth, Edentulous / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000379:methods*
keywords: atrophic maxilla; bone formation; maxillary sinus floor elevation; randomized controlled trial