title: Limited hydrolysis combined with controlled Maillard-induced glycation does not reduce immunoreactivity of soy protein for all sera tested.
abstract: Combining proteolysis and Maillard-induced glycation was investigated to reduce the immunoreactivity of soy protein. Soy protein was hydrolyzed by Alcalase following response surface methodology utilizing three variables, temperature, time, and enzyme:substrate ratio, with the degree of hydrolysis (DH) and percent reduction in immunoreactivity as response variables. Western blots and ELISA were used to evaluate immunoreactivity using human sera. Data were fitted to appropriate models and prediction equations were generated to determine optimal hydrolysis conditions. The hydrolysate produced under optimized conditions was subjected to glycation with dextran. Hydrolysate produced under optimal conditions had 7.8% DH and a percent reduction in immunoreactivity ranging from 20% to 52%, depending on the sera used. Upon glycation, immunoreactivity was further reduced only when using serum that had the highest soy-specific IgE. This work revealed limitations and provided premises for future studies intended to prove the potency of the combined modification approach to produce a hypoallergenic protein ingredient.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, United States.
authors.forename: Jordan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walter
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, United States.
authors.forename: Yana
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, United States.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sriramarao
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, United States. Electronic address: bismailm@umn.edu.
authors.forename: Baraem P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Ismail
mesh_terms: D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D015416:Maillard Reaction; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D059748:Proteolysis; D030262:Soybean Proteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D013381:Subtilisins / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates; D030262:Soybean Proteins; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D013381:Subtilisins
keywords: Enzyme hydrolysis; Immunoreactivity; Maillard-induced glycation; Soy protein