title: The association between gallstones and metabolic syndrome in urban Han Chinese: a longitudinal cohort study.
abstract: The precise association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and gallstone disease remains unclear in China. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between MetS and gallstone and evaluate whether counts of metabolic abnormalities had influence on gallstone disease. We fitted gender-specific generalized estimating equation (GEE) regression models with data from a large-scale longitudinal study over 6-year follow-up to elucidate the real association. This study included 18291 participants with 3 times repeated measures at least who were free from a prior history of gallstone disease and cholecystectomy. A total of 873 cases of gallstones occurred during 6-year follow-up. The incidence density of gallstone in the group of subjects with MetS was higher than the group without MetS (10.27 vs 5.79). The GEE analyses confirmed and clarified the association between MetS and gallstone disease in males (RR = 1.33, P = 0.0020), while this association was not significant in females (RR = 1.15, P = 0.4962). With numbers of metabolic syndrome components increasing, the risk of gallstone disease showed corresponding increasing in males. In conclusion, the associations of MetS and gallstone are different in males and in females. And the risk of gallstone disease increases with the number of components of MetS for males but not for females.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Xiubin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Xiaokang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: The affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Chunxia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Shandong Provincial QianFoShan Hospital, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Chengqi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Fuzhong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Yanxun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D042882:Gallstones / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D008875:Middle Aged; D014505:Urban Population; D055815:Young Adult