title: Wavelength-modulated differential photoacoustic radar imager (WM-DPARI): accurate monitoring of absolute hemoglobin oxygen saturation.
abstract: Accurate monitoring of blood oxy-saturation level (SO2 ) in human breast tissues is clinically important for predicting and evaluating possible tumor growth at the site. In this work, four different non-invasive frequency-domain photoacoustic (PA) imaging modalities were compared for their absolute SO2 characterization capability using an in-vitro sheep blood circulation system. Among different PA modes, a new WM-DPAR imaging modality could estimate the SO2 with great accuracy when compared to a commercial blood gas analyzer. The developed WM-DPARI theory was further validated by constructing SO2 tomographic images of a blood-containing plastisol phantom.
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Diffusion-Wave and Photoacoustic Technologies (CADIPT), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8, Canada.
authors.forename: Sung Soo Sean
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Diffusion-Wave and Photoacoustic Technologies (CADIPT), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8, Canada.
authors.forename: Bahman
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lashkari
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Diffusion-Wave and Photoacoustic Technologies (CADIPT), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8, Canada.
authors.forename: Edem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dovlo
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Diffusion-Wave and Photoacoustic Technologies (CADIPT), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G8, Canada.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mandelis
keywords: (140.3298) Laser beam combining; (170.0110) Imaging systems; (170.1470) Blood or tissue constituent monitoring; (170.2655) Functional monitoring and imaging