title: Three-Dimensional Visualization of Myocardial Ischemia Based on the Standard Twelve-Lead Electrocardiogram.
abstract: A novel method was proposed for transforming the ischemic information in the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) into the pseudo-color pattern displayed on a 3D heart model based on the projection of a ST injury vector in this study. The projection of the ST injury vector at a point on the heart surface was used for identifying the presence of myocardial ischemia by the difference between the projection value and the detection threshold. Supposing that myocardial ischemia was uniform and continuous, the location and range of myocardial ischemia could be accurately calculated and visually displayed in a color-encoding way. The diagnoses of the same patient were highly consistent (kappa coefficient k = 0.9030) between the proposed method used by ordinary people lacking medical knowledge and the standard 12-lead ECG used by experienced cardiologists. In addition, the diagnostic accuracy of the proposed method was further confirmed by the coronary angiography. The results of this study provide a new way to promote the development of the 3D visualization of the standard 12-lead ECG, which has a great help for inexperienced doctors or ordinary family members in their diagnosis of patients with myocardial ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3105-375X
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5407-9434
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.affiliation: The 105th Hospital of PLA, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China.
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ruixia
authors.affiliation: The 105th Hospital of PLA, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xun
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D002309:Cardiology / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D003951:Diagnostic Errors / Q000517:prevention & control; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods