title: Framework for using deciduous tree leaves as biomonitors for intraurban particulate air pollution in exposure assessment.
abstract: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution, varying in concentration and composition, has been shown to cause or exacerbate adverse effects on both human and ecological health. The concept of biomonitoring using deciduous tree leaves as a proxy for intraurban PM air pollution in different areas has previously been explored using a variety of study designs (e.g., systematic coverage of an area, source-specific focus), deciduous tree species, sampling strategies (e.g., single day, multi-season), and analytical methods (e.g., chemical, magnetic) across multiple geographies and climates. Biomonitoring is a low-cost sampling method and may potentially fill an important gap in current air monitoring methods by providing low-cost, longer-term urban air pollution measures. As such, better understanding of the range of methods, and their corresponding strengths and limitations, is critical for employing the use of tree leaves as biomonitors for pollution to improve spatially resolved exposure assessments for epidemiological studies and urban planning strategies.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Bridgeside Point, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA. saraegillooly@gmail.com.|Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 401 Park Drive, Landmark Center, Boston, MA, 02130, USA. saraegillooly@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sara E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Gillooly
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Bridgeside Point, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
authors.forename: Jessie L Carr
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Shmool
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Bridgeside Point, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.|Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 401 Park Drive, Landmark Center, Boston, MA, 02130, USA.
authors.forename: Drew R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Michanowicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Geology and Environmental Science, University of Pittsburgh, 4107 O'Hara Street, 200 SRCC, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Bain
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Bridgeside Point, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
authors.forename: Leah K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Cambal
authors.affiliation: Center for Energy Development and Health, Department of Engineering and Radiological Health Sciences, Powerhouse Energy Campus, Colorado State University, 430 North College Avenue, Fort Collins, CO, 80524, USA.
authors.forename: Kyra Naumoff
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Shields
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Bridgeside Point, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
authors.forename: Jane E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Clougherty
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D012621:Seasons; D014197:Trees / Q000737:chemistry*; D014507:Urbanization
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter
keywords: Biomonitoring; Deciduous tree leaves; Exposure assessment; Particulate matter