title: Education in Disaster Management: What Do We Offer and What Do We Need? Proposing a New Global Program.
abstract: Although there is a significant willingness to respond to disasters, a review of post-event reports following incidents shows troubling repeated patterns with poorly integrated response activities and response managers inadequately trained for the requirements of disasters. This calls for a new overall approach in disaster management.
  
  
  
  An in-depth review of the education and training opportunities available to responders and disaster managers has been undertaken, as well as an extensive review of the educational competencies and their parent domains identified by subject matter experts as necessary for competent performance.
  
  
  
  Seven domains of competency and competencies that should be mastered by disaster mangers were identified. This set of domains and individual competencies was utilized to define a new and evolving curriculum. In order to evaluate and assess the mastery of each competency, objectives were more widely defined as activities under specific topics, as the measurable elements of the curriculum, for each managerial level.
  
  
  
  This program enables interagency cooperation and collaboration and could be used to increase and improve decision-makers' understanding of disaster managers' capabilities; at the strategic/tactical level to promote the knowledge and capability of the disaster managers themselves; and as continuing education or further career development for disaster managers at the operational level. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:854-873).
authors.affiliation: 1Prehospital and Disaster Medicine Center,Department of Surgery,Institute of Clinical Sciences,Sahlgrenska Academy,Gothenburg University,Gothenburg,Sweden.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khorram-Manesh
authors.affiliation: 2URGENTA,Clinical Emergency Hospital,Bucharest,Romania.
authors.forename: Olivera
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lupesco
authors.affiliation: 3National Health Career School of Management,Hennigsdorf/Berlin,Germany.
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Friedl
authors.affiliation: 3National Health Career School of Management,Hennigsdorf/Berlin,Germany.
authors.forename: Gotz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Arnim
authors.affiliation: 4Civil Engineering Department,Beykent University,Istanbul,Turkey.
authors.forename: Kubilay
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaptan
authors.affiliation: 5CRIMEDIM,Universita del Piemonte Orientale,Novara,Italy.
authors.forename: Ahmadreza R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Djalali
authors.affiliation: 5CRIMEDIM,Universita del Piemonte Orientale,Novara,Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Foletti
authors.affiliation: 5CRIMEDIM,Universita del Piemonte Orientale,Novara,Italy.
authors.forename: Pier Luigi
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Ingrasia
authors.affiliation: 6Bonn International Center for Conversion,Bonn,Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ashkenazi
authors.affiliation: 7Hanover Associates,Teddington,London,United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arculeo
authors.affiliation: 8University Clinic Bonn,Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery,Bonn,Germany.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.affiliation: 9Croatian Urgent Medicine and Surgery Association,Slav.Brod,Croatia.
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hreckovski
authors.affiliation: 10SBC,General and Teaching Hospital Celje, Medical Faculty,Ljubljana,Slovenia.
authors.forename: Radko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Komadina
authors.affiliation: 11DLR,German Aerospace Center,Oberpfaffenhofen,Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Voigt
authors.affiliation: 1Prehospital and Disaster Medicine Center,Department of Surgery,Institute of Clinical Sciences,Sahlgrenska Academy,Gothenburg University,Gothenburg,Sweden.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carlström
authors.affiliation: 12Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health,Bethesda,Maryland.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: James
mesh_terms: D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D003479:Curriculum / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends*; D054597:Disaster Medicine / Q000193:education* / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D011634:Public Health / Q000193:education
keywords: disaster management; education; global program; public health; simulation