title: Exploiting Chemistry to Improve Performance of Screen-Printed, Bismuth Film Electrodes (SP-BiFE).
abstract: Mercury substitution is a big issue in electroanalysis, and the search for a suitable, and less toxic, replacement is still under development. Of all the proposed alternatives, bismuth films appear to be the most viable solution, although they are still suffering some drawbacks, particularly the influence of deposition conditions and linearity at low concentrations. In this paper, the most promising strategies for bismuth film deposition on screen-printed electrodes (surface modifications, polymeric film deposition, insoluble salt precursors) will be evaluated for trace metal analysis. Particular attention will be devoted to bismuth chemistry, aiming to rationalize their electroanalytic performance.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Teoriche e Applicate (DiSTA), University of Insubria, Via Dunant, 2, 21100 Varese, Italy. carlo.dossi@uninsubria.it.
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dossi
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienza ed Alta Tecnologia (DiSAT), University of Insubria, Via Valleggio, 11, 22100 Como, Italy. damiano.monticelli@uninsubria.it.
authors.forename: Damiano
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Monticelli
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienza ed Alta Tecnologia (DiSAT), University of Insubria, Via Valleggio, 11, 22100 Como, Italy. andrea.pozzi@uninsubria.it.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pozzi
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienza ed Alta Tecnologia (DiSAT), University of Insubria, Via Valleggio, 11, 22100 Como, Italy. sandro.recchia@uninsubria.it.
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Recchia
mesh_terms: D001729:Bismuth; D002244:Carbon; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004566:Electrodes; D011108:Polymers; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D002244:Carbon; D001729:Bismuth
keywords: bismuth chemistry; bismuth film electrodes; metal/surface interactions; screen-printed electrodes; surface modifications