title: Functional Probiotic Characterization and In Vivo Cholesterol-Lowering Activity ofLactobacillus helveticusIsolated from Fermented Cow Milk.
abstract: We characterized the probiotic properties ofLactobacillus helveticusstrains KII13 and KHI1 isolated from fermented cow milk by in vitro and in vivo studies. The strains exhibited tolerance to simulated orogastrointestinal condition, adherence to Caco-2 cells, and antimicrobial activity. BothL. helveticusstrains produced bioactive tripeptides, isoleucylprolyl-proline and valyl-prolyl-proline, during fermentation of milk. KII13 showed higher in vitro cholesterol-lowering activity (47%) compared with KHI1 (28%) andL. helveticusATCC 15009 (22%), and hence, it was selected for in vivo study of cholesterol-lowering activity in atherogenic diet-fed hypercholesterolemic mice. For the study, mice were divided into four groups (viz., normal diet control group, atherogenic diet control group (HCD), KII13- atherogenic diet group (HCD-KII13), andLactobacillus acidophilusATCC 43121-atherogenic diet group (HCD-L.ac) as positive control). The serum total cholesterol level was significantly decreased by 8.6% and 7.78% in the HCD-KII13 and HCD-L.acgroups (p< 0.05), respectively, compared with the HCD group. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in both HCD-KII13 and HCD-L.acgroups were decreased by 13% and 11%, respectively, compared with the HCD group (both,p< 0.05). Analysis of cholesterol metabolism-related gene expression in mice liver showed increased expression ofLDLRandSREBF2genes in mice fed with KII13. By comparing all the results, we conclude thatL. helveticusKII13 could be used as a potential probiotic strain to produce antihypertensive peptides and reduce serum cholesterol.
authors.affiliation: Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, College of Natural Science, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Republic of Korea.|Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Karthiyaini
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Damodharan
authors.affiliation: Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, College of Natural Science, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Republic of Korea.|Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation, College of Natural Science, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sasikumar Arunachalam
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Palaniyandi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 59626, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, College of Natural Science, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Republic of Korea.|Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Joo-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Suh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002417:Cattle; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D043302:Cultured Milk Products / Q000382:microbiology*; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D052198:Lactobacillus helveticus / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Lactobacillus helveticus; Probiotics; antihypertensive; bioactive peptide; cholesterol-lowering