title: Self-Reported Time in Bed and Sleep Quality in Association with Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms in School-Age Youth.
abstract: This study investigated the relationship between self-reported time in bed and sleep quality in association with self-reported internalizing and externalizing symptoms in a sample of 285 elementary school students (52 % female) recruited from a rural Midwestern elementary school. Path models were used to estimate proposed associations, controlling for grade level and gender. Curvilinear associations were found between time in bed and anxiety, depressive symptoms, and irritability. Marginal curvilinear trends were found between time in bed and emotion dysregulation, reactive aggression, and proactive aggression. Sleep quality was negatively associated with anxiety, depressive symptoms, irritability, reactive aggression, and delinquency engagement. Gender and grade differences were found across models. Findings suggest that examining self-reported time in bed (both linear and quadratic) and sleep quality is important for understanding internalizing and externalizing symptoms associated with sleep in school-age youth. Incorporating self-reported sleep assessments into clinical practice and school-based evaluations may have implications for a child's adjustment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of New Orleans, Geology and Psychology Building, Room 2001, 2000 Lakeshore Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70148, USA. slrubens@uno.edu.
authors.forename: Sonia L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Rubens
authors.affiliation: Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
authors.forename: Spencer C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.affiliation: Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.affiliation: Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
authors.forename: Paula J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Fite
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of New Orleans, Geology and Psychology Building, Room 2001, 2000 Lakeshore Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70148, USA.
authors.forename: Andrea M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Tountas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011153:Population; D057566:Self Report; D012890:Sleep; D066107:Social Skills; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Children; Externalizing problems; Internalizing problems; Sleep quality; Time in bed