title: The role of obestatin in Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery in the obese, type 2 diabetes Zucker rat.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a novel therapy for diabetes and the exact mechanisms of this procedure remain unclear. Obestatin is an important gut hormone. We aimed to explore the role of obestatin in the therapeutic mechanism of RYGB.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty obese Zucker rats and twenty Wistar rats were randomly assigned to two groups: RYGB and sham surgery. We evaluated plasma obestatin and insulin levels pre- and post-RYGB. Additionally, obestatin expression levels in the gastrointestinal tract were assessed using immunohistochemical staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Zucker rats, plasma obestatin and insulin levels gradually increased after RYGB. At post-operation week 7, plasma levels of obestatin were higher in the RYGB group than the sham operation group, and fasting plasma insulin levels were significantly increased the in RYGB group compared with the sham operation group. Furthermore, we observed a positive relationship between obestatin and insulin plasma levels. Among 10 zucker rats, high expression of obestatin was only seen in the jejunum of 2 rats before the operation; however, high expression of obestatin was seen in the Roux limb of 8 rats and in the ileum of 7 rats after RYGB. The expression of obestatin was significantly higher in the intestine in the RYGB group than the sham operation group postoperatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We propose that obestatin maybe a potential mediator to improve glucose homeostasis after RYGB. The increase of obestatin secretion may be an important mechanism through which RYGB alleviates obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, No. 401 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Min Jiang Road No. 22, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Xianhui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery 1, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Jianli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, No. 401 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Min Jiang Road No. 22, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, No. 401 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Min Jiang Road No. 22, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Chunbin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, No. 401 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Min Jiang Road No. 22, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Weihua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, No. 401 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Min Jiang Road No. 22, Qingdao, Shandong, China. Electronic address: zqin401@163.com.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, No. 401 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Min Jiang Road No. 22, Qingdao, Shandong, China. Electronic address: yanglinghui401@163.com.
authors.forename: Linghui
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000601:surgery*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011924:Rats, Zucker
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D054439:Ghrelin
keywords: Insulin; Obese; Obestatin; Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; Type 2 diabetes mellitus