title: Extreme hydronephrosis due to uretropelvic junction obstruction in infant (case report).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hydronephrosis is the one of the most common congenital abnormalities of urinary tract. The left kidney is more commonly affected than the right side and is more common in males.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the role of ultrasonography, renal dynamic scintigraphy and lowerdose computed tomography urography in preoperative diagnostic workup of infant with extreme hydronephrosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We presented the boy with antenatally diagnosed hydronephrosis. In serial, postnatal ultrasonography, renal scintigraphy and computed tomography urography we observed slightly declining function in the dilated kidney and increasing pelvic dilatation. Pyeloplasty was performed at the age of four months with good result.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of ultrasonography and renal dynamic scintigraphy in child with extreme hydronephrosis can be difficult to asses, therefore before the surgical procedure a lower-dose computed tomography urography should be performed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 63A, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland tel. (+48-22) 628-97-22 fax. (+48-22) 621-41-55 e-mail: grazyna.krzemien@litewska.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Grażyna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Krzemień
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szmigielska
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Radiology, The Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Przemysław
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bombiński
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Radiology, The Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Marzena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barczuk
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Radiology, The Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Biejat
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, The Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Stanisław
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Warchoł
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, The Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dudek-Warchoł
mesh_terms: D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000002:abnormalities*
keywords: UPJO; hydronephrosis; lower-dose computed tomography urography; pyeloplasty; renal dynamic scintigraphy