title: Combined Positron Emission Tomography and Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging of Sentinel Lymph Nodes Using PEGylated Radionuclide-Embedded Gold Nanoparticles.
abstract: New imaging probes with high sensitivity and stability are urgently needed to accurately detect sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) for successful cancer diagnosis. Herein, the use of highly sensitive and stable PEGylated radionuclide-embedded gold nanoparticles (PEG-RIe-AuNPs) is reported for the detection of SLNs by combined positron emission tomography and Cerenkov luminescence imaging (PET/CLI). PEG-RIe-AuNPs show high sensitivity and stability both in vitro and in vivo, and are not toxic to normal ovarian and immune cells. In vivo PET/CLI imaging clearly reveals SLNs as early as 1 h post PEG-RIe-AuNP-injection, with peak signals achieved at 6 h postinjection, which is consistent with the biodistribution results. Taken together, the data provide strong evidence that PEG-RIe-AuNPs are promising as potential lymphatic tracers in biomedical imaging for pre and intraoperative surgical guidance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 702-210, South Korea.|Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 702-210, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Bong
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 702-210, South Korea.
authors.forename: GhilSuk
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 702-210, South Korea.|Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 702-210, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 702-210, South Korea.
authors.forename: Shin Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 702-210, South Korea.
authors.forename: Byeong-Cheol
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea. dklim@knu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Dong-Kwon
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 702-210, South Korea. jaetae@knu.ac.kr.|Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 360-4, South Korea. jaetae@knu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jaetae
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 702-210, South Korea. Jeon9014@gmail.com.|Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 702-210, South Korea. Jeon9014@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yong Hyun
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Jeon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D049449:Luminescence; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000737:chemistry*; D000071036:Sentinel Lymph Node / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D006046:Gold
keywords: cerenkov luminescence imaging; gold nanoparticles; positron emission tomography; sentinel lymph node