title: A Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Interferon Monotherapy or Combined with Different Nucleos(t)ide Analogues for Chronic Hepatitis B.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of interferon (IFN) with or without different nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs).
  
  
  
  The PubMed, Wan Fang and CNKI databases were searched to identify relevant trials up to May 2015. Meta-analysis was performed with Review Manager 5.0. The stability and reliability were evaluated by publication bias tests.
  
  
  
  Fifty-six studies fulfilled the criteria for the meta-analysis. Compared with IFN monotherapy, combination therapy were superior in HBV DNA undetectable rate (Risk Ratio (RR) = 1.55, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.44-1.66, p < 0.00001), HBeAg and HBsAg loss rate (RR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.22-1.56, p < 0.00001; RR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.03-2.78, p = 0.04, respectively) at the end of week 48 treatment. Sub-analysis showed the RRs of virological response for entecavir (ETV), adefovir (ADV), and lamivudine (LAM) were 1.64, 1.61 and 1.52, respectively; RRs of HBeAg loss rate were 1.34, 1.71 and 1.34, respectively. However, at the end of follow-up, IFN plus NAs therapy was better than IFN monotherapy only in terms of HBV DNA undetectable rate (p = 0.0007).
  
  
  
  Combination therapy was better than IFN monotherapy in virological and serological responses at the end of treatment. After follow-up, only HBV DNA undetectable rate was superior for combination therapy.
authors.affiliation: Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China. zhoujialing11@126.com.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China. zhoujialing11@126.com.
authors.forename: Jialing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China. wuxiaoningbs@126.com.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China. wuxiaoningbs@126.com.
authors.forename: Xiaoning
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine Unit, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China. vivi_0306@126.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China. youhong30@sina.com.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China. youhong30@sina.com.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: You
authors.affiliation: Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China. jia_jd@ccmu.edu.cn.|Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China. jia_jd@ccmu.edu.cn.|Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine Unit, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China. jia_jd@ccmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jidong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine Unit, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China. kongyuanyuan2000@163.com.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kong
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004279:DNA, Viral; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006147:Guanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007372:Interferons / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D063065:Organophosphonates; D019259:Lamivudine; C413685:entecavir; D006147:Guanine; C053001:adefovir; D007372:Interferons; D000225:Adenine
keywords: chronic hepatitis B; combination therapy; interferon; meta-analysis; nucleos(t)ide analogues