title: Perceived Safety at Work in the Wake of Terror: The Importance of Security Measures and Emergency Preparedness.
abstract: We aimed to explore how perceived safety after terrorism is connected to views on security measures and emergency preparedness in a workplace setting.
  
  
  
  Using a questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study of ministerial employees in Norway who were targeted in a terrorist attack in 2011 (n=3344), we investigated how employees' perceived safety at work 9 to 10 months after the attack was associated with their perceptions of whether security measures were sufficiently prioritized at work, whether there had been sufficient escape and evacuation training, and whether they were confident with evacuation procedures.
  
  
  
  We found strong evidence of increasing perceived safety at work the more employees believed security measures were sufficiently prioritized at work (partially confounded by post-traumatic stress disorder), and the better their knowledge of evacuation procedures (modified by gender and education).
  
  
  
  The present study suggests that employers may enhance perceived safety at work for terror-exposed employees by showing a commitment to security measures and by ensuring employees know evacuation procedures well. More research is needed to investigate causality patterns behind the associations found in this cross-sectional study. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:805-811).
authors.affiliation: 1Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies,Oslo,Norway.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nissen
authors.affiliation: 1Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies,Oslo,Norway.
authors.forename: Trond
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Heir
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002959:Civil Defense / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010465:Perception; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D023481:Terrorism / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017132:Workplace / Q000523:psychology* / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: emergency preparedness; perceived safety; security; security measures; terrorism