title: Schidandrin B kills tumor cells by initiating apoptosis in glioma SHG-44 cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the proliferation inhibition, cell cycle, and apoptosis of human glioma cell line SHG-44 treated with different concentration of Schidandrin B and explore the effect of Schidandrin B on glioma SHG-44 cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Glioma SHG-44 cells were treated with Schidandrin B (0, 50, 100 or 200 μg/mL) for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, and cells were treated with vehicle as control. Viability of cells were detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) analysis; cell cycle was examined with flow cytometry assay; apoptosis was detected with annexin V assay. Bax and caspase-3 proteins expression were checked by Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MTT analysis showed that viability of glioma SHG-44 cells significantly decreased after exposure to Schidandrin B for the indicated time. Flow cytometry revealed that the number of cells in the sub G1phase was increased, however, the number of cells in G0/G1, S and G2/M phases were decreased after treatment with 50, 100 or 200 μg/mL Schidandrin B, compared with the respective control group. Annexin V analysis confirmed that apoptosis rates of the control group, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL Schidandrin B group were 1.76%±0.47%, 13.98%±5.05%, 19.64%±5.53% and 63.28%±6.88% respectively, apoptotic rate increased significantly with dose-dependent manner, and apoptosis of cells were observed under the inverted microscope after 100 μg/mL Schidandrin B treatment. Bax and caspase-3 protein were highly expressed in Schidandrin B group compared with the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The apoptosis could be induced by different concentration of Schidandrin B on glioma SHG-44 cells, and the mechanism may be directly excited by Schidandrin B in glioma SHG-44 cells through activating mitochondrial pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin Province, 132013, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Quan
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
authors.forename: Yun-Qian
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin Province, 132013, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin Province, 132013, China.
authors.forename: Dong-Hai
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Laboratory, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin Province, 132013, China. xuye_9707@163.com.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
keywords: Schidandrin B; apoptosis; glioma SHG-44 cell