title: Risk-factor differences for nonsuicidal self-injury and suicide attempts in Mexican psychiatric patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study compared sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities with substance use, and impulsivity features in three groups of psychiatric patients - suicide attempters, nonsuicidal self-injury, and nonsuicidal without self-injury - to determine the predictive factors for nonsuicidal self-injury or suicide behavior.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographic features and self-reported substance use were assessed in 384 Mexican psychiatric patients. Impulsivity features were evaluated using the Plutchik Impulsivity Scale. Comparison analyses between groups were performed and a logistic regression model used to determine the factors associated with nonsuicidal with self-injury behavior and suicidal behavior.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Different predictive factors were observed for nonsuicidal self-injury and suicidal behavior. Females were more likely to present nonsuicidal self-injury behaviors (odds ratio [OR] 0.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.18-0.93; P=0.03). For suicide attempters, the factors associated were younger age (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.85-0.93; P<0.001), less than 6 years of schooling (OR 0.2, 95% CI 0.06-0.6; P=0.004), and higher impulsivity traits, such as self-control (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.03-1.36; P=0.01), planning of future actions (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.66-0.95; P=0.01), and physiological behavior (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.01-1.78; P=0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that in a Mexican population, impulsivity features are predictors for suicide attempts, but not for self-injury. Other factors related to sociocultural background and individual features (such as personality) may be involved in this behavioral distinction, and should be studied in future research aimed at better understanding of both self-harmful behaviors.
authors.affiliation: Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, México City.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fresán
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genética Psiquiátrica, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, México City.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Camarena
authors.affiliation: División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez.
authors.forename: Thelma Beatriz
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: González-Castro
authors.affiliation: División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco.
authors.forename: Carlos Alfonso
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Tovilla-Zárate
authors.affiliation: Hospital General de Yajalón, Secretaría de Salud, Yajalón, Chiapas, México.
authors.forename: Isela E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Juárez-Rojop
authors.affiliation: Hospital General de Yajalón, Secretaría de Salud, Yajalón, Chiapas, México.
authors.forename: Lilia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: López-Narváez
authors.affiliation: División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco.
authors.forename: Alicia E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: González-Ramón
authors.affiliation: División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez.
authors.forename: Yazmín
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hernández-Díaz
keywords: Mexican population; impulsivity; self-injury; suicide