title: Retroperitoneoscopic versus open surgical radical nephrectomy for 152 Chinese patients with large renal cell carcinoma in clinical stage cT2 or cT3a: A long-term retrospective comparison.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and long-term efficacy of retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for Chinese patients with a mean body mass index (BMI) of ≤24 and large renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  A long-term retrospective analysis of clinical data of 152 Chinese patients with a mean BMI of ≤24 and large RCC. Totally, 84 patients who underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (RPNx) for tumor size >7 cm (group 1) were compared with 68 patients, who underwent open radical nephrectomy (group 2) for tumor with similar size characteristics. Moreover, their 10 years outcomes (or the number of patients) were divided into segments (e.g., the first 5 and last 5 years, the first 30 and last 30 patients, etc.) looking for the differences of learning curve.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RPNx patients experienced significantly shorter hospital stay, less blood loss, and had a decreased analgesic requirement and more rapid convalescence. The incidence of intra- and post-operative complications was 6% and 13%, 7.2% and 16.1% in the two groups, respectively. The 5-year survival rates of the two groups were 86% and 82%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for patients with a mean BMI of ≤24 and large RCC is safe, feasible, and the efficacious procedure produced good long-term results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Xuhui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Xiaopeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012187:Retroperitoneal Space / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D047368:Tumor Burden