title: In vivo triarylmethyl radical stabilization through encapsulation in Pluronic F-127 hydrogel.
abstract: In vivo electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) imaging and spectroscopy are non-invasive technologies used to specifically detect and quantify paramagnetic species. However, the relative instability of spin probes such as triarylmethyl radicals limits their application to conduct oxygen quantification and mapping. In this study we encapsulated tetrathiatriarylmethyl radical (TAM; known as "Finland" probe) in Pluronic F-127 hydrogel (PF-127) in order to limit its degradation and evaluate its in vitro and in vivo EPR properties as a function of oxygen. Our results show that the EPR signal of encapsulated TAM in PF-127 hydrogel is similar to the one in solution. Although it is less sensitive to oxygen, it is suitable for oximetry. We also demonstrated that the incorporation of TAM in PF-127 hydrogel leads to an improved in vivo EPR stability of the radical under anesthesia. This new formulation enables high quality EPR imaging and oximetry and paves the way for the application of TAM radical-based probes in various biomedical fields.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques (UMR CNRS 8601), FR3657 CICB, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Kahina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abbas
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques (UMR CNRS 8601), FR3657 CICB, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boutier-Pischon
authors.affiliation: Integrated Drug Discovery, Sanofi R&D, 1, Avenue Pierre-Brossolette, 91385 Chilly-Mazarin, France.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Auger
authors.affiliation: Translational Science Unit, Sanofi R&D, 1, Avenue Pierre-Brossolette, 91385 Chilly-Mazarin, France.
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Françon
authors.affiliation: Integrated Drug Discovery, Sanofi R&D, 1, Avenue Pierre-Brossolette, 91385 Chilly-Mazarin, France.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Almario
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques (UMR CNRS 8601), FR3657 CICB, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France. Electronic address: yves.frapart@parisdescartes.fr.
authors.forename: Yves-Michel
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Frapart
mesh_terms: D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D005609:Free Radicals; D020100:Hydrogels; D010092:Oximetry; D010100:Oxygen; D020442:Poloxamer / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005609:Free Radicals; D020100:Hydrogels; D020442:Poloxamer; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: EPR imaging; EPR spectroscopy; Hydrogel; Triarylmethyl radicals