title: Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Two-Component System Genes in Tomato.
abstract: The two-component system (TCS), which comprises histidine kinases (HKs), phosphotransfers (HPs), and response regulator proteins (RRs), plays pivotal roles in regulating plant growth, development, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. TCS genes have been comprehensively identified and investigated in various crops but poorly characterized in tomato. In this work, a total of 65 TCS genes consisting of 20 HK(L)s, six HPs, and 39 RRs were identified from tomato genome. The classification, gene structures, conserved domains, chromosome distribution, phylogenetic relationship, gene duplication events, and subcellular localization of the TCS gene family were predicted and analyzed in detail. The amino acid sequences of tomato TCS family members, except those of type-B RRs, are highly conserved. The gene duplication events of the TCS family mainly occurred in the RR family. Furthermore, the expansion of RRs was attributed to both segment and tandem duplication. The subcellular localizations of the selected green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion proteins exhibited a diverse subcellular targeting, thereby confirming their predicted divergent functionality. The majority of TCS family members showed distinct organ- or development-specific expression patterns. In addition, most of TCS genes were induced by abiotic stresses and exogenous phytohormones. The full elucidation of TCS elements will be helpful for comprehensive analysis of the molecular biology and physiological role of the TCS superfamily.
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. hyj1009@163.com.
authors.forename: Yanjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. 17816860626@163.com.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. 707137378@qq.com.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. wpanchangtian@163.com.
authors.forename: Changtian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. 704909820@qq.com.
authors.forename: Lifei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. 1275051219@qq.com.|Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Biotechnology, Agricultural Ministry of China, Hangzhou 310058, China. 1275051219@qq.com.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. glu@zju.edu.cn.|Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Biotechnology, Agricultural Ministry of China, Hangzhou 310058, China. glu@zju.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D032461:Chromosomes, Plant; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects*; D018745:Genome, Plant; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D010940:Plant Proteins
keywords: evolution; expression profiles; phylogeny; tomato; two-component system