title: Non-operative management of osteoarthritis of the knee joint.
abstract: Osteoarthritis is a chronic disorder of synovial joints in which there is progressive softening and disintegration of articular cartilage accompanied by the growth of osteophytes. Treatment designed for osteoarthritis should aim at reducing pain, improve joint mobility, and limit functional impairment. It can be achieved by pharmacological and non-pharmacological means. Non-operative treatment of OA is useful for patients with KL grade 1-3, which are early stages of OA. However, in an advanced stage of OA (KL grade 4), surgical treatment is needed as definitive treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Sarita Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110076, India.
authors.forename: Raju
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vaishya
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Sarita Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110076, India.
authors.forename: Godfrey B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Pariyo
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Sarita Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110076, India.
authors.forename: Amit Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Sarita Vihar, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110076, India.
authors.forename: Vipul
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vijay
keywords: Drugs; Knee; Non-operative treatment; Operative treatment; Osteoarthritis