title: Anti-Zinc Transporter Protein 8 Antibody Testing Is Not Informative in Routine Prediabetes Screening in Young Patients with Autoimmune Thyroiditis and Celiac Disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), autoimmune thyroiditis (ATD), and celiac disease (CD) are at increased risk for developing other autoimmune diseases. We evaluated zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) prevalence in patients with ATD and/or CD in order to define the usefulness of ZnT8 autoantibodies for prediabetes screening.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-one young patients with ATD and/or CD were included in the study; 32 subjects with clinical onset of T1DM were enrolled as a control group. GAD65, IA-2, and ZnT8 antibodies were measured. An intravenous glucose tolerance test, C-peptide, glycosylated hemoglobin levels, and genomic analysis of HLA-DQA1* and -DQB1* were also considered in patients positive for autoantibodies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ZnT8 prevalence was higher in T1DM patients than in patients with other autoimmune diseases (p < 0.001); positive ZnT8 detection was found in 2 ATD (p = 0.004) and 3 ATD + CD (p = 0.04) patients. Positive ZnT8 was associated with GAD65 (p = 0.01) but not with IA-2 positivity. No correlation between ZnT8 detection and the number of T1DM-susceptible HLA-DQ heterodimers was found. Pathological C-peptide levels and insulin response were found in subjects with islet autoimmunity and genetic susceptibility.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ZnT8 autoantibodies detection in ATD and/or CD patients is low, and routine ZnT8 screening is not justified. ZnT8 evaluation may be recommended in subjects with autoimmune diseases as a marker for predicting compromised insulin secretion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Larizza
authors.forename: Mara
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Amici
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Klersy
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Albanesi
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Albertini
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Badulli
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Torre
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Calcaterra
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D059848:HLA-DQ alpha-Chains / Q000235:genetics; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics; D013967:Thyroiditis, Autoimmune / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics; D000075703:Zinc Transporter 8
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D059848:HLA-DQ alpha-Chains; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; C069050:HLA-DQA1 antigen; C069051:HLA-DQB1 antigen; C492522:SLC30A8 protein, human; D000075703:Zinc Transporter 8