title: Kidney Disease and the Nexus of Chronic Kidney Disease and Acute Kidney Injury: The Role of Novel Biomarkers as Early and Accurate Diagnostics.
abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) are interconnected and the presence of one is a risk for the other. CKD is an important predictor of AKI after exposure to nephrotoxic drugs or major surgery, whereas persistent or repetitive injury could result in the progression of CKD. This brings new perspectives to the diagnosis and monitoring of kidney diseases highlighting the need for a panel of kidney-specific biomarkers that reflect functional as well as structural damage and recovery, predict potential risk and provide prognosis. This article discusses the kidney-specific biomarkers, symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), clusterin, cystatin B, and inosine.
authors.affiliation: IDEXX Laboratories, Research & Development, 1-IDEXX Drive, Westbrook, ME 04092, USA. Electronic address: Murthy-Yerramilli@idexx.com.
authors.forename: Murthy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yerramilli
authors.affiliation: IDEXX Laboratories, Research & Development, 1-IDEXX Drive, Westbrook, ME 04092, USA.
authors.forename: Giosi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Farace
authors.affiliation: IDEXX Laboratories, Research & Development, 1-IDEXX Drive, Westbrook, ME 04092, USA.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.affiliation: IDEXX Laboratories, Research & Development, 1-IDEXX Drive, Westbrook, ME 04092, USA.
authors.forename: Maha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yerramilli
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D002415:Cats; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: AKI; Biomarkers; CKD; Diagnostics; Kidney; Renal; SDMA