title: Distinct pattern of lesion distribution in multiple sclerosis is associated with different circulating T-helper and helper-like innate lymphoid cell subsets.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Distinct lesion topography in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) might be due to different antigen presentation and/or trafficking routes of immune cells into the central nervous system (CNS).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether distinct lesion patterns in multiple sclerosis (MS) might be associated with a predominance of distinct circulating T-helper cell subset as well as their innate counterparts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Flow cytometric analysis of lymphocytes derived from the peripheral blood of patients with exclusively cerebral (n = 20) or predominantly spinal (n = 12) disease manifestation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with exclusively cerebral or preferential spinal lesion manifestation were associated with increased proportions of circulating granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) producing TH1 cells or interleukin (IL)-17-producing TH17 cells, respectively. In contrast, proportions of peripheral IL-17/IL-22-producing lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi), the innate counterpart of TH17 cells, were enhanced in RRMS patients with exclusively cerebral lesion topography.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Distinct T-helper and T-helper-like innate lymphoid cell (ILC) subsets are associated with different lesion topography in RRMS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Catharina C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schulte-Mecklenbeck
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Uta
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hanning
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Posevitz-Fejfár
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Catharina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Korsukewitz
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schwab
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Sven G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Meuth
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wiendl
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Klotz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D016130:Immunophenotyping / Q000379:methods; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000097:blood; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology*; D010641:Phenotype; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult; D000097043:Interleukin-22
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D020381:Interleukin-17; D007378:Interleukins; D000097043:Interleukin-22
keywords: Multiple sclerosis; TH1; TH17; innate lymphoid cell; lesion distribution; lymphoid tissue inducer