title: Recent advances in epigenomics in NSCLC: real-time detection and therapeutic implications.
abstract: NSCLC is an aggressive disease with one of the poorer prognosis among cancers. The disappointing response to chemotherapy drives the search for genetic biomarkers aimed at both attaining an earlier diagnosis and choosing the most appropriate chemotherapy. In this scenario, epigenomic markers, such as DNA methylation, histone acetylation and the expression of noncoding RNAs, have been demonstrated to be reliable for the stratification of NSCLC patients. Newest techniques with increased sensitivity and the isolation of nucleic acids from plasma may allow an early diagnosis and then monitoring the efficacy over time. However, prospective confirmatory studies are still lacking. This article presents an overview of the epigenetic markers evaluated in NSCLC and discusses the role of their real-time detection in the clinical management of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonello
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Paolo
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Marzia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Re
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Iacopo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Petrini
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Altavilla
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Romano
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Danesi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D000067492:RNAi Therapeutics / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
keywords: DNA methylation; NSCLC; epigenomics; histone acetylation; noncoding RNA; plasma tumor nucleic acids