title: Opisthorchis felineus infection and cholangiocarcinoma in the Russian Federation: A review of medical statistics.
abstract: Opisthorchis felineus (O. felineus) occurs in Western Siberia and many other parts of the Russian Federation (RF). The true extent of its distribution is not known. Chronic infection may lead to severe hepatobiliary morbidity. According to surgical and experimental reports, long-term infestation might significantly increase the risk for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). To date, no association between O. felineus infection and CCA has been demonstrated. The objective of this study was to review existing health data on the incidence of O. felineus infection and on the incidence of CCA in the RF. We reviewed the official medical statistics on reported O. felineus infection and CCA in 83 political/geographical units of the RF, covering the period January 2011-December 2013. Annual incidence data were obtained from Rospotrebnadzor and from official medical statistics. We calculated the average annual incidence of infection and cancer. The average annual incidence of O. felineus was 24.7±9.0 cases per 100,000 population. The highest incidence was observed in Khanty-Mansiysk district (599.7 cases per 100,000 population per year). In 27 geographical units, no O. felineus cases were reported. The incidence of liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancers was 4.8±0.2 cases per 100,000 population; the highest rate was reported in Sakha Republic and Tomsk Oblast (14.5 and 9.3 cases per 100,000 population), and the lowest in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (0.9 cases per 100,000 population). O. felineus incidence was not associated with the mean annual incidence of liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancers (r=0.20, p=0.07). This study documents the importance of opisthorchiasis in certain endemic areas and presents the best available data on associations between O. felineus infection and liver/intrahepatic bile duct cancers in RF. The findings support the need to implement a public health control programme against liver fluke infections and to increase the availability of anthelmintic treatment. Further studies are warranted to assess the contribution of opisthorchiasis to the CCA in RF.
authors.affiliation: State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation. Electronic address: olga.sergeevna.fedorova@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Olga S
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Fedorova
authors.affiliation: State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Yulia V
authors.initials: YV
authors.lastname: Kovshirina
authors.affiliation: State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Anna E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Kovshirina
authors.affiliation: State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Marina M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Fedotova
authors.affiliation: State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Ivan A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Deev
authors.affiliation: Budget Institution of Higher Education of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Fedor I
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Petrovskiy
authors.affiliation: Department of Healthcare Khanty Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug Yugra, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Aleksandr V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Filimonov
authors.affiliation: State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation; State Regional Autonomic Healthcare Institution, "Tomsk Regional Oncology Center", Tomsk, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Alla I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Dmitrieva
authors.affiliation: State Regional Autonomic Healthcare Institution, "Tomsk Regional Oncology Center", Tomsk, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Lev A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Kudyakov
authors.affiliation: State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation; Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education, The National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Irina V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Saltykova
authors.affiliation: Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Odermatt
authors.affiliation: State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education, Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: Ludmila M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ogorodova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D009889:Opisthorchiasis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D009891:Opisthorchis / Q000502:physiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: Cholangiocarcinoma; Incidence; Liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancers; Opisthorchis felineus; Russian Federation