title: Okara, a By-Product of Tofu Manufacturing, Modifies Triglyceride Metabolism at the Intestinal and Hepatic Levels.
abstract: Irrespective of a well-known hypocholesterolemic action, a few studies have shown a hypotriglyceridemic potential of okara, a by-product of tofu manufacturing. Okara was fed to rats at the level of 2.5 and 5.0% as dietary protein for 4 wk, and serum and hepatic lipid levels were determined. In addition, soy flour, which has a well-known hypolipidemic action, was used to compare effects on lipid metabolism. Mechanisms of action were further evaluated by measuring hepatic enzyme activity, gene expression of lipid metabolism-related proteins and fecal excretion of lipids. Feeding the okara diets resulted in a significantly lower weight of the liver and adipose tissue in a dose-dependent manner. Serum triglyceride levels were more than 50% lower in rats fed the okara diets compared to those fed the control diet. Enzyme activities of fatty acid synthesis were significantly lowered by the okara diet. Fecal weight was significantly higher in the okara group than in the control group, and fecal excretion of steroids tended to be higher. Therefore, a relatively low amount of okara may exert hypotriglyceridemic action in rats in part through decreased hepatic triglyceride synthesis. The present study also suggests an involvement of intestinal events in altered lipid metabolism in rats fed the okara diets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of Nagasaki.
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Shiho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.forename: Norihiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Torisu
authors.forename: Taishi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Saya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimamoto
authors.forename: Shizuka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tamaru
authors.forename: Kazunari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005243:Feces; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000517:prevention & control; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D050155:Lipogenesis; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D045730:Soy Foods; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014280:Triglycerides; C412882:okara, Glycine max