title: Short-term cross-sensitizion of need-free sugar intake by combining sodium depletion and hypertonic NaCl intake.
abstract: History of sodium depletion cross-sensitizes the effects of drugs of abuse. The objective of the present study was to find out if history of sodium depletion also cross-sensitizes a natural reward such as sugar intake in the rat. Sodium depletion was induced by furosemide combined with removal of ambient sodium for 24 h; it was repeated seven days later. The depletion was immediately followed by 0.3 M NaCl intake in a sodium appetite test (active sodium repletion). Seven days after the last depletion, hydrated and fed (need-free) sucrose-naïve animals were offered 10% sucrose in a first 2-h sucrose test. The sucrose test was repeated once a day in a series of five consecutive days. History of sodium depletion enhanced sucrose intake in the first and second tests; it had no effect from the third to fifth sucrose test. The effect on the initial sucrose intake tests disappeared if the rats did not ingest 0.3 M NaCl in the sodium appetite test. Prior experience with sucrose intake in need-free conditions had no effect on sodium appetite. History of intracellular dehydration transiently influenced sucrose intake in the first sucrose test. We found no evidence for thirst sensitization. We conclude that history of dehydration, particularly that resulting from sodium depletion, combined to active sodium repletion, produced short-term cross-sensitization of sucrose intake in sucrose-naïve rats. The results suggest that the cross-sensitization of sucrose intake related with acquisition of sugar as a novel nutrient rather than production of lasting effects on sugar rewarding properties.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry-FOAr, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruna M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry-FOAr, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carina A F
authors.initials: CAF
authors.lastname: de Andrade
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry-FOAr, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: José V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Menani
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry-FOAr, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: lucajr@foar.unesp.br.
authors.forename: Laurival A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: De Luca
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001066:Appetite; D003681:Dehydration; D004039:Diet, Sodium-Restricted; D000073417:Dietary Sugars / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005665:Furosemide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013894:Thirst
chemical_list: D000073417:Dietary Sugars; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D005665:Furosemide
keywords: Behavioral sensitization; Dehydration; Neuroplasticity; Reward; Sodium appetite; Thirst