title: Participation of purines in the modulation of inflammatory response in rats experimentally infected by Cryptococcus neoformans.
abstract: The present study was carried out to assess the participation of purines in the activation and modulation of inflammatory response of rats experimentally infected by Cryptococcus neoformans. Twenty four Wistar rats were divided into two groups of 12 animals each: Group A - uninfected control group and Group B - infected by C. neoformans. Blood was collected 20 and 50 days post-infection (PI) from six animals of each group in order to verify purine levels (adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP), adenosine (ADO), inosine (INO), hypoxanthine (HYPO), xanthine (XAN) and uric acid (URIC)). ATP levels were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in serum from infected animals on days 20 and 50 PI, as well as adenosine levels after 20 days PI on rats. On day 50 PI, levels of adenosine and uric acid were also reduced, but the levels of inosine and xanthine increased in animals infected by the fungus (P < 0.05). Therefore, it was possible to conclude that the purine levels in serum were altered and that these changes may be able to influence the pathogenesis of the disease caused by C. neoformans due the participation of purines (ATP and adenosine main) in the activation and modulation of inflammatory response.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Patologia e Clinica Animal, Faculdade de Veterinária (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Isabel
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: de Azevedo
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Patologia e Clinica Animal, Faculdade de Veterinária (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Laerte
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferreiro
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aleksandro S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Da Silva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexandre A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Tonin
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danieli Urach
authors.initials: DU
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Mutagênese e Toxicologia, Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Emerson A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Casali
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cesar E J
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Moritz
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriel H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Schirmbeck
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Mutagênese e Toxicologia, Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Valesca V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologia, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologia, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fighera
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lenita M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Stefani
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: janio.santurio@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Janio M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Santurio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000473:pathology*; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000097:blood*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology*; D011687:Purines / Q000097:blood*; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D044967:Serum / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007155:Immunologic Factors; D011687:Purines
keywords: Cryptococcosis; Immune response; Pathology; Purinergic signaling