title: The Application of a New Maximum Color Contrast Sensitivity Test to the Early Prediction of Chiasma Damage in Cases of Pituitary Adenoma: The Pilot Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to estimate the maximum color contrast sensitivity (MCCS) thresholds in individuals with chiasma opticum damage.
  
  
  METHODS
  The pilot study tested 41 people with pituitary adenoma (PA) and 100 age- and gender-matched controls. Patients were divided into two groups according to PA size, PA ≤1 cm or PA >1 cm. A new MCCS test program was used for color discrimination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean total error score (TES) of MCCS was 1.8 in the PA ≤1 cm group (standard deviation [SD], 0.38), 3.5 in the PA >1 cm group (SD, 0.96), and 1.4 in the control group (SD, 0.31; p < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between tumor size and MCCS result (r = 0.648, p < 0.01). In the group that had PA-producing hormones, the TES was 2.5 (SD, 1.09), compared to 4.2 value in the non-functioning PA group of patients that did not have clinically significant hormone excess (SD, 3.16; p < 0.01). In patients with normal visual acuity (VA) or visual field MCCS, the TES was 3.3 (SD, 1.8), while that in patients with VA <0.00 was 4.6 (SD, 2.9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of the MCCS test TES were 1.9 times better in patients with PA ≤1 cm compared to patients with PA >1 cm (p < 0.01). In PA patients with normal VA, the TES was 2.35 times worse than that of healthy persons (p < 0.01).
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Girena
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Slatkeviciene
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.; Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Rasa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liutkeviciene
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Brigita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Glebauskiene
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Dalia
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zaliuniene
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.; Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Loresa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kriauciuniene
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Giedrimantas
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bernotas
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.; Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Arimantas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamasauskas
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003118:Color Perception / Q000502:physiology; D003119:Color Perception Tests / Q000379:methods*; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity / Q000502:physiology*; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009897:Optic Chiasm; D010865:Pilot Projects; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D013997:Time Factors; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014794:Visual Fields; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Macroadenoma; Maximum color contrast sensitivity; Micoradenoma; Pituitary; Visual function impairment