title: Typifications and synonymy in Polystichum (Dryopteridaceae) from Chile and Argentina.
abstract: Polystichum Roth is one of the largest and most taxonomically challenging fern genera. South American species have a rich and complex nomenclatural history; many of the early names are inadequately typified. Based on extensive examination of original type material, we designate eleven lectotypes (including Aspidium mohrioides, Aspidium montevidense f. imbricata, Aspidium montevidense f. squamulosa, Aspidium plicatum, Aspidium pycnolepis, Dicksonia andina, Polystichum elegans, Polystichum mohrioides f. latifolia, Polystichum multifidum var. autranii, Polystichum platyphyllum var. kurtziana, and Polypodium polystichoides), and one neotype (Polystichum brongniartianum) for Polystichum taxa. Furthermore, three new synonyms are proposed.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, (UNC), Av. Medina Allende y Haya de la Torre. Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba. Argentina; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Córdoba.
authors.forename: Rita E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Morero
authors.affiliation: University of Vermont, Pringle Herbarium, Torrey Hall, 27 Colchester Ave, Burlington, VT 05405.
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Barrington
authors.affiliation: University of Vermont, Pringle Herbarium, Torrey Hall, 27 Colchester Ave, Burlington, VT 05405.
authors.forename: Monique A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: McHenry
authors.affiliation: Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista s.n., São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 20940-040.
authors.forename: João P S
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Condack
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, (UNC), Av. Medina Allende y Haya de la Torre. Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba. Argentina; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Córdoba.
authors.forename: Gloria E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Barboza
keywords: Ferns; South America; nomenclature; taxonomy; typification