title: Effect of waist circumference on the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and serum lipids: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2006.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the interaction between waist circumference (WC) and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level in their associations with serum lipids.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study. The associations of serum 25(OH)D with total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), LDL-C:HDL-C and TAG were examined using multiple linear regression. Effect modification by WC was assessed through cross-product interaction terms between 25(OH)D and WC categories (abdominal overweight, 80-<88 cm in females/94-<102 cm in males; abdominal obesity, ≥88 cm in females/≥102 cm in males).
  
  
  METHODS
  The US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey waves 2001-2006.
  
  
  METHODS
  Non-pregnant fasting participants (n 4342) aged ≥20 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lower 25(OH)D levels were significantly associated with lower HDL-C levels as well as with higher LDL-C:HDL-C and TAG levels in abdominally obese participants, but not in abdominally overweight or normal-waist participants. In contrast, lower 25(OH)D levels were associated with lower levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C in abdominally overweight and normal-waist participants only, but this association was only partly significant. However, a significant difference in the association between 25(OH)D and the lipids according to WC category was found only for LDL-C:HDL-C (P for interaction=0·02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results from this large, cross-sectional sample suggest that the association between lower 25(OH)D levels and an unfavourable lipid profile is stronger in individuals with abdominal obesity than in those with abdominal overweight or a normal WC.
authors.affiliation: 1Institute of Epidemiology II,Helmholtz Zentrum München,German Research Center for Environmental Health,Ingolstädter Landstraße 1,85764 Neuherberg,Germany.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vogt
authors.affiliation: 1Institute of Epidemiology II,Helmholtz Zentrum München,German Research Center for Environmental Health,Ingolstädter Landstraße 1,85764 Neuherberg,Germany.
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baumert
authors.affiliation: 1Institute of Epidemiology II,Helmholtz Zentrum München,German Research Center for Environmental Health,Ingolstädter Landstraße 1,85764 Neuherberg,Germany.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.affiliation: 1Institute of Epidemiology II,Helmholtz Zentrum München,German Research Center for Environmental Health,Ingolstädter Landstraße 1,85764 Neuherberg,Germany.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thorand
authors.affiliation: 4Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Population Health,University of Auckland,Auckland,New Zealand.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scragg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
keywords: Interaction; NHANES; Serum lipids; Vitamin D; Waist circumference