title: Electrochemical, Electrochemiluminescence, and Photoelectrochemical Aptamer-Based Nanostructured Sensors for Biomarker Analysis.
abstract: Aptamer-based sensors have been intensively investigated as potential analytical tools in clinical analysis providing the desired portability, fast response, sensitivity, and specificity, in addition to lower cost and simplicity versus conventional methods. The aim of this review, without pretending to be exhaustive, is to give the readers an overview of recent important achievements about electrochemical, electrochemiluminescence, and photoelectrochemical aptasensors for the protein biomarker determination, mainly cancer related biomarkers, by selected recent publications. Special emphasis is placed on nanostructured-based aptasensors, which show a substantial improvement of the analytical performances.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy. andrea.ravalli@unifi.it.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ravalli
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy. diego.voccia@unifi.it.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Voccia
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy. ilaria.palchetti@unifi.it.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Palchetti
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy. giovanna.marrazza@unifi.it.
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marrazza
mesh_terms: D052157:Aptamers, Nucleotide; D015415:Biomarkers; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004563:Electrochemistry; D006801:Humans; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D049329:Nanostructures; D010777:Photochemistry
chemical_list: D052157:Aptamers, Nucleotide; D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: aptamer; biomarker; biosensor; electrochemical; electrochemiluminescent; nanomaterial; photoelectrochemical