title: Restructuring of Holocentric Centromeres During Meiosis in the Plant Rhynchospora pubera.
abstract: Centromeres are responsible for the correct segregation of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis. Holocentric chromosomes, characterized by multiple centromere units along each chromatid, have particular adaptations to ensure regular disjunction during meiosis. Here we show by detecting CENH3, CENP-C, tubulin, and centromeric repeats that holocentromeres may be organized differently in mitosis and meiosis of Rhynchospora pubera Contrasting to the mitotic linear holocentromere organization, meiotic centromeres show several clusters of centromere units (cluster-holocentromeres) during meiosis I. They accumulate along the poleward surface of bivalents where spindle fibers perpendicularly attach. During meiosis II, the cluster-holocentromeres are mostly present in the midregion of each chromatid. A linear holocentromere organization is restored after meiosis during pollen mitosis. Thus, a not yet described case of a cluster-holocentromere organization, showing a clear centromere restructuration between mitosis and meiosis, was identified in a holocentric organism.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.affiliation: Dept. Breeding Research, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany.
authors.forename: Veit
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Schubert
authors.affiliation: Dept. Breeding Research, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, 06466 Stadt Seeland, Germany andrea.pedrosaharand@pq.cnpq.br houben@ipk-gatersleben.de.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3419-239X
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Houben
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Cytogenetics and Evolution, Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil andrea.pedrosaharand@pq.cnpq.br houben@ipk-gatersleben.de.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5213-4770
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pedrosa-Harand
mesh_terms: D002503:Centromere / Q000235:genetics*; D002842:Chromatids / Q000235:genetics; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000235:genetics; D020090:Chromosome Segregation / Q000235:genetics; D029785:Cyperaceae / Q000235:genetics*; D008540:Meiosis / Q000235:genetics*; D008938:Mitosis / Q000235:genetics*; D014404:Tubulin / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D014404:Tubulin; C060905:centromere protein C
keywords: CENH3; CENP-C; centromere structure/organization; holocentric chromosomes; inverted meiosis