title: 1'-Acetoxychavicol acetate ameliorates age-related spatial memory deterioration by increasing serum ketone body production as a complementary energy source for neuronal cells.
abstract: 1'-Acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA) is naturally obtained from the rhizomes and seeds of Alpinia galangal. Here, we examined the effect of ACA on learning and memory in senescence-accelerated mice prone 8 (SAMP8). In mice that were fed a control diet containing 0.02% ACA for 25 weeks, the learning ability in the Morris water maze test was significantly enhanced in comparison with mice that were fed the control diet alone. In the Y-maze test, SAMP8 mice showed decreased spontaneous alterations in comparison with senescence-accelerated resistant/1 (SAMR1) mice, a homologous control, which was improved by ACA pretreatment. Serum metabolite profiles were obtained by GC-MS analysis, and each metabolic profile was plotted on a 3D score plot. Based upon the diagram, it can be seen that the distribution areas for the three groups were completely separate. Furthermore, the contents of β-hydroxybutyric acid and palmitic acid in the serum of SAMP8-ACA mice were higher than those of SAMP8-control mice and SAMR1-control mice. We also found that SAMR1 mice did not show histological abnormalities, whereas histological damage in the CA1 region of the hippocampus in SAMP8-control mice was observed. However, SAMP8-ACA mice were observed in a similar manner as SAMR1 mice. These findings confirm that ACA increases the serum concentrations of β-hydroxybutyric acid and palmitic acid levels and thus these fuels might contribute to the maintenance of the cognitive performance of SAMP8 mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan. Electronic address: kojima@life.osaka-cu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kojima-Yuasa
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomiya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yaku
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Shiori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirota
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takenaka
authors.affiliation: Course of Human Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Literature and Human Sciences, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawabe
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Matsui-Yuasa
mesh_terms: D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid / Q000097:blood; D000375:Aging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D032429:Alpinia / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001592:Benzyl Alcohols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism; D007657:Ketone Bodies / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018782:Maze Learning; D055442:Metabolome; D051379:Mice; D009474:Neurons; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000097:blood; D065852:Spatial Memory / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D001592:Benzyl Alcohols; D007657:Ketone Bodies; D019308:Palmitic Acid; C047948:1'-acetoxychavicol acetate; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid
keywords: 1′-Acetoxychavicol acetate; Metabolite profile; Morris water maze test; Senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8); Y-maze test; β-Hydroxybutyric acid