title: Maternal HIV infection influences the microbiome of HIV-uninfected infants.
abstract: More than 1 million HIV-exposed, uninfected infants are born annually to HIV-positive mothers worldwide. This growing population of infants experiences twice the mortality of HIV-unexposed infants. We found that although there were very few differences seen in the microbiomes of mothers with and without HIV infection, maternal HIV infection was associated with changes in the microbiome of HIV-exposed, uninfected infants. Furthermore, we observed that human breast milk oligosaccharides were associated with bacterial species in the infant microbiome. The disruption of the infant's microbiome associated with maternal HIV infection may contribute to the increased morbidity and mortality of HIV-exposed, uninfected infants.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA. Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bender
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: GHESKIO Centers, The Haitian Group for the Study of Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections, Port-au-Prince, Ouest 15727, Haiti.
authors.forename: Shoria
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martelly
authors.affiliation: Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. Center for Global Health, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA.
authors.forename: Erin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Byrt
authors.affiliation: GHESKIO Centers, The Haitian Group for the Study of Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections, Port-au-Prince, Ouest 15727, Haiti.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rouzier
authors.affiliation: GHESKIO Centers, The Haitian Group for the Study of Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections, Port-au-Prince, Ouest 15727, Haiti.
authors.forename: Marguerite
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leo
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tobin
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA. Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
authors.forename: Pia S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Pannaraj
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA.
authors.forename: Helty
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Adisetiyo
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA.
authors.forename: Adrienne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rollie
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA.
authors.forename: Chintda
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Santiskulvong
authors.affiliation: Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Shaun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
authors.forename: Chloe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Autran
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bode
authors.affiliation: Center for Global Health, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.affiliation: Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA. Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. gracea@mac.com.
authors.forename: Grace M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Aldrovandi
mesh_terms: D001942:Breast Feeding; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D064307:Microbiota / Q000502:physiology*; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry; D009035:Mothers; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000382:microbiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D009844:Oligosaccharides