title: An integrated process for the extraction of fuel and chemicals from marine macroalgal biomass.
abstract: We describe an integrated process that can be applied to biomass of the green seaweed, Ulva fasciata, to allow the sequential recovery of four economically important fractions; mineral rich liquid extract (MRLE), lipid, ulvan, and cellulose. The main benefits of our process are: a) its simplicity and b) the consistent yields obtained from the residual biomass after each successive extraction step. For example, dry Ulva biomass yields ~26% of its starting mass as MRLE, ~3% as lipid, ~25% as ulvan, and ~11% as cellulose, with the enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation of the final cellulose fraction under optimized conditions producing ethanol at a competitive 0.45 g/g reducing sugar. These yields are comparable to those obtained by direct processing of the individual components from primary biomass. We propose that this integration of ethanol production and chemical feedstock recovery from macroalgal biomass could substantially enhance the sustainability of marine biomass use.
authors.affiliation: Division of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India.|Academy of Scientific &Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Nitin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Trivedi
authors.affiliation: Division of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India.|Academy of Scientific &Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Ravi S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Baghel
authors.affiliation: School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bothwell
authors.affiliation: Division of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India.
authors.forename: Vishal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Division of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India.|Academy of Scientific &Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: C R K
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: DBT-ICT Centre for Energy Biosciences, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India.
authors.forename: Arvind M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lali
authors.affiliation: Division of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364002, India.|Academy of Scientific &Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Bhavanath
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jha
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels / Q000382:microbiology*; D018533:Biomass; D002482:Cellulose / Q000032:analysis; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000032:analysis; D012624:Seaweed / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D008055:Lipids; D008903:Minerals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; C571831:ulvan; D002482:Cellulose