title: Drosophila suzukiipopulation response to environment and management strategies.
abstract: Drosophila suzukiicauses economic damage to berry and stone fruit worldwide. Laboratory-generated datasets were standardized and combined on the basis of degree days (DD), using Gompertz and Cauchy curves for survival and reproduction. Eggs transitioned to larvae at 20.3 DD; larvae to pupae at 118.1 DD; and pupae to adults at 200 DD. All adults are expected to have died at 610 DD. Oviposition initiates at 210 DD and gradually increases to a maximum of 15 eggs per DD at 410 DD and subsequently decreases to zero at 610 DD. These data were used as the basis for a DD cohort-level population model. Laboratory survival under extreme temperatures when DD did not accumulate was described by a Gompertz curve based on calendar days. We determined that the initiation of the reproductive period of late dormant field-collected femaleD. suzukiiranged from 50 to 800 DD from January 1. This suggests thatD. suzukiifemales can reproduce early in the season and are probably limited by availability of early host plants. Finally, we used the DD population model to examine hypothetical stage-specific mortality effects of IPM practices from insecticides and parasitoids at the field level. We found that adulticides applied during the early season will result in the largest comparative population decrease. It is clear from model outputs that parasitism levels comparable to those found in field studies may have a limited effect on population growth. Novel parasitoid guilds could therefore be improved and would be valuable for IPM ofD. suzukii.
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, 4017 Ag and Life Sciences Bldg., Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
authors.forename: Nik G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Wiman
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, 4017 Ag and Life Sciences Bldg., Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
authors.forename: Daniel T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Dalton
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Centre and Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, TN Italy.
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Anfora
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 100, 95123 Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Biondi
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
authors.forename: Joanna C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3114 USA.
authors.forename: Kent M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Daane
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Mount Vernon Northwestern Washington Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Mount Vernon, WA 98273-4768 USA.
authors.forename: Beverly
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gerdeman
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Centre and Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, TN Italy.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gottardello
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, 4112 Plant Sciences Building, College Park, MD USA.
authors.forename: Kelly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Hamby
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
authors.forename: Rufus
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Isaacs
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Centre and Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, TN Italy.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grassi
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Centre and Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, TN Italy.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ioriatti
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Research Unit, 3420 NW Orchard Ave., Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
authors.forename: Jana C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, 4017 Ag and Life Sciences Bldg., Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
authors.forename: Betsey
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Centre and Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, TN Italy.
authors.forename: M Valerio Rossi
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Stacconi
authors.affiliation: Mid-Columbia Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University, Hood River, OR 97031 USA.
authors.forename: Peter W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Shearer
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Mount Vernon Northwestern Washington Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Mount Vernon, WA 98273-4768 USA.
authors.forename: Lynell
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tanigoshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3114 USA.
authors.forename: Xingeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, 4017 Ag and Life Sciences Bldg., Corvallis, OR 97331 USA ; Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, 4105C ALS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
authors.forename: Vaughn M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Walton
keywords: DD; Fecundity; Pesticide; Population dynamics; Spotted wing Drosophila; Survival; Temperature