title: Change of retinal pigment epithelial atrophy after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment in exudative age-related macular degeneration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study aimed to investigate the quantitative changes of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) atrophy during a 24-month follow-up period of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective study. Sixty-five eyes of 62 consecutive patients with naοve exudative AMD who had received treatment with anti-VEGF therapy and followed for more 24 months were enrolled. All patients received three initial monthly injections of anti-VEGF (ranibizumab or bevacizumab), followed by pro re nata or treat-and-extend protocol. Color fundus image, optical coherence tomography, and fundus autofluorescence were evaluated for RPE atrophy. Multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate the predictive factors found during univariate analysis to identify an association with increased RPE atrophic areas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean number of anti-VEGF treatments was 9.18. RPE atrophic area was 1.293 ± 1.298 mm 2 at baseline and enlarged to 2.394 ± 1.940 mm 2 after 24 months, which differed significantly (P = 0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that larger areas of RPE atrophy at month 4 and larger numbers of anti-VEGF treatments were associated with increased RPE atrophic areas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RPE atrophy progresses in eyes with exudative AMD during anti-VEGF treatment. Larger areas of RPE atrophy at month 4 and larger numbers of anti-VEGF injections were associated with an increased risk of progression of RPE atrophy the following treatment. These ﬁndings may be useful to clinicians using intravitreal anti-VEGF for the treatment of exudative AMD, both for selecting an appropriate treatment plan and for predicting the progression of RPE atrophy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Moosang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eung Suk
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Hoon
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung-Woo
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kwak
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001284:Atrophy; D000068258:Bevacizumab / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008297:Male; D000069579:Ranibizumab / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055213:Retinal Pigment Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D057135:Wet Macular Degeneration / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D000069579:Ranibizumab