title: Air Pollution During Pregnancy and Cord Blood Immune System Biomarkers.
abstract: We aimed to determine whether average and trimester-specific exposures to ambient measures of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particular matter (PM2.5) were associated with elevated cord blood concentrations of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and two epithelial cell produced cytokines: interleukin-33 (IL-33) and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP).
  
  
  
  This study utilized data and biospecimens from the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Study. There were 2001 pregnant women recruited between 2008 and 2011 from 10 Canadian cities. Maternal exposure to NO2 and PM2.5 was estimated using land use regression and satellite-derived models.
  
  
  
  We observed statistically significant associations between maternal NO2 exposure and elevated cord blood concentrations of both IL-33 and TSLP among girls but not boys.
  
  
  
  Maternal NO2 exposure may impact the development of the newborn immune system as measured by cord blood concentrations of two cytokines.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia (Drs Ashley-Martin, Dodds); Air Health Science Division (Drs Lavigne, Johnson), Population Studies Division, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (Dr Arbuckle); College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis (Dr Hystad); Department of Sociology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick (Dr Crouse); and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada (Dr Marshall).
authors.forename: Jillian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ashley-Martin
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lavigne
authors.forename: Tye E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Arbuckle
authors.forename: Markey
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Perry
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hystad
authors.forename: Dan L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Crouse
authors.forename: Jean S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dodds
mesh_terms: D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002170:Canada; D002947:Cities; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D000067596:Interleukin-33 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis; D011247:Pregnancy; D000094632:Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; C506536:IL33 protein, human; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D052638:Particulate Matter; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide; D000094632:Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin