title: Lethal Amanita species in China.
abstract: Lethal amanitas (Amanita sect. Phalloideae) cause many casualties worldwide. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies revealed diverse lethal Amanita spp. in China. Here a 5-gene phylogeny (nuc rDNA region encompassing the internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 with the 5.8S rDNA, the D1-D3 domains of nuc 28S rDNA, and partial RNA polymerase II second largest subunit, translation elongation factor 1-α and β-tubulin genes) is used to investigate the phylogenetic lineages and species delimitation in this section. Thirteen species are recognized, including four new species, namely A. griseorosea, A. molliuscula, A. parviexitialis, and A. subfuliginea They are documented with morphological, multigene phylogenetic, and ecological evidence, line drawings, and photographs and compared with similar species. A key to the Chinese lethal Amanita species is provided.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Yang-Yang
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China fungi@mail.kib.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Zhu L
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000545:Amanita / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D044822:Biodiversity; D002681:China; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1 / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000235:genetics; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S / Q000235:genetics; D012340:RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014404:Tubulin / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S; D012340:RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S; D014404:Tubulin; D012319:RNA Polymerase II
keywords: amatoxins; geographic distributions; poisonous mushrooms; species characterization