title: Study of Regional Left Ventricular Longitudinal Function in Fetuses with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus by Velocity Vector Imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical value of velocity vector imaging in the assessment of regional left ventricular longitudinal function in fetuses with gestational diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Digital dynamic four-chamber views of 98 fetuses with gestational diabetes mellitus and 135 normal fetuses were collected and analyzed using velocity vector imaging. The regional tissue velocity, strain, and strain rate of the interventricular septum and left lateral wall were separately measured in systole and diastole.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 207 of 233 cases were analyzed successfully. Vs (systolic velocity) and Vd (diastolic velocity) were age-dependent and gradually decreased from the basal segment to the apical segment in the left ventricle (P < 0.05). The Vs after 32(+0) weeks, Vd after 28(+0) weeks, and S (strain), SRs (systolic strain rate), and SRd (diastolic strain rate) after 24(+0) weeks in the left ventricle of fetuses with GDM were obviously lower than the corresponding parameters of normal fetuses (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VVI can evaluate the fetal regional left ventricular longitudinal function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Department, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China.
authors.forename: Yajun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China.
authors.forename: Xiaofang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000196:embryology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: cardiac function; echocardiography; fetus; gestational diabetes mellitus; velocity vector imaging