title: Carprofen neither reduces postoperative facial expression scores in rabbits treated with buprenorphine nor alters long term bone formation after maxillary sinus grafting.
abstract: In connection with bilateral maxillary sinus augmentation, the acute effects of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug carprofen on facial expressions and long-term effects on bone formation were evaluated in 18 male New Zealand White rabbits. A 10×10mm bone window was drilled in the maxilla, the sinus membrane elevated and a titanium mini-implant inserted. One of two test materials was randomly inserted unilaterally and bovine bone chips (control) on the contralateral side in the created space. Rabbits were randomly allocated to receive buprenorphine plus carprofen (n=9) or buprenorphine plus saline (n=9) postoperatively. Buprenorphine was administered subcutaneously every 6h for 3days in a tapered dose (0.05-0.01mg/kg) and carprofen (5mg/kg) or saline administered subcutaneously 1h before, and daily for 4days postoperatively. To assess pain, clinical examination, body weight recording and scoring of facial expressions from photos taken before, and 6-13h after surgery were performed. Twelve weeks after surgery the rabbits were euthanized and sections of maxillary bones and sinuses were analysed with histomorphometry and by qualitative histology. Carprofen had no effect on mean facial expression scores, which increased from 0.0 to 3.6 (carprofen) and 4.3 (saline), of a maximum of 8.0. Neither did carprofen have an effect on bone formation or implant incorporation, whereas the test materials had. In conclusion, treatment with 5mg/kg carprofen once daily for 5days did not reduce facial expression scores after maxillary sinus augmentation in buprenorphine treated rabbits and did not affect long term bone formation.
authors.affiliation: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of clinical sciences, VHC PO Box 7054, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: Patricia.Hedenqvist@slu.se.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hedenqvist
authors.affiliation: Plastic and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: atrbakovic@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Amela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trbakovic
authors.affiliation: Plastic and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: andreas.thor@akademiska.se.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thor
authors.affiliation: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Division of Pathology, PO Box 7028, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: Cecilia.Ley@slu.se.
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ley
authors.affiliation: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Division of Pathology, PO Box 7028, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: Stina.Ekman@slu.se.
authors.forename: Stina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ekman
authors.affiliation: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of clinical sciences, VHC PO Box 7054, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. Electronic address: Marianne.Jensen-Waern@slu.se.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jensen-Waern
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D002047:Buprenorphine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002417:Cattle; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D005149:Facial Expression; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000601:surgery*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D002227:Carbazoles; D015921:Dental Implants; D002047:Buprenorphine; C007005:carprofen
keywords: Bone formation; Experimental animal; Implant; NSAID; Pain; Sinus-lift