title: Molecular characterization of an adiponectin receptor homolog in the white leg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei.
abstract: Adiponectin (AdipoQ) and its receptors (AdipoRs) are strongly related to growth and development of skeletal muscle, as well as glucose and lipid metabolism in vertebrates. Herein we report the identification of the first full-length cDNA encoding an AdipoR homolog (Liv-AdipoR) from the decapod crustacean Litopenaeus vannamei using a combination of next generation sequencing (NGS) technology and bioinformatics analysis. The full-length Liv-AdipoR (1,245 bp) encoded a protein that exhibited the canonical seven transmembrane domains (7TMs) and the inversed topology that characterize members of the progestin and adipoQ receptor (PAQR) family. Based on the obtained sequence information, only a single orthologous AdipoR gene appears to exist in arthropods, whereas two paralogs, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, have evolved in vertebrates. Transcriptional analysis suggested that the single Liv-AdipoR gene appears to serve the functions of two mammalian AdipoRs. At 72 h after injection of 50 pmol Liv-AdipoR dsRNA (340 bp) into L. vannamei thoracic muscle and deep abdominal muscle, transcription levels of Liv-AdipoR decreased by 93% and 97%, respectively. This confirmed optimal conditions for RNAi of Liv-AdipoR. Knockdown of Liv-AdipoR resulted in significant changes in the plasma levels of ammonia, 3-methylhistine, and ornithine, but not plasma glucose, suggesting that that Liv-AdipoR is important for maintaining muscle fibers. The chronic effect of Liv-AdipoR dsRNA injection was increased mortality. Transcriptomic analysis showed that 804 contigs were upregulated and 212 contigs were downregulated by the knockdown of Liv-AdipoR in deep abdominal muscle. The significantly upregulated genes were categorized as four main functional groups: RNA-editing and transcriptional regulators, molecular chaperones, metabolic regulators, and channel proteins.
authors.affiliation: Interdiciplinary Program of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University , Busan , South Korea.
authors.forename: Ah Ran
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University , Busan , South Korea.
authors.forename: Md Jobaidul
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.affiliation: Interdiciplinary Program of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University , Busan , South Korea.
authors.forename: Tae-Ho
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Interdiciplinary Program of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University , Busan , South Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Rin
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Korea Polar Research Institute, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute , Incheon , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Distant-Water Fisheries Resources Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science , Busan , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Doo-Nam
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Distant-Water Fisheries Resources Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science , Busan , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Doo-Hae
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: An
authors.affiliation: Distant-Water Fisheries Resources Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science , Busan , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Bong
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Bioscience, Gangneung-Wonju National University , Gangneung , Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chung Il
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Interdiciplinary Program of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea; Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Woo
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kim
keywords: Adiponectin receptor; Decapod crustacean; GPCR; Metabolism; RNAi