title: Liquid Marbles Based on Magnetic Upconversion Nanoparticles as Magnetically and Optically Responsive Miniature Reactors for Photocatalysis and Photodynamic Therapy.
abstract: Magnetic liquid marbles have recently attracted extensive attention for various potential applications. However, conventional liquid marbles based on iron oxide nanoparticles are opaque and inadequate for photo-related applications. Herein, we report the first development of liquid marbles coated with magnetic lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) that can convert near-infrared light into visible light. Apart from their excellent magnetic and mechanical properties, which are attractive for repeatable tip opening and magnetically directed movements, the resultant UCNP-based liquid marbles can act as ideal miniature reactors for photodynamic therapy of cancer cells. This work opens new ways for the development of liquid marbles, and shows great promise for liquid marbles based on UCNPs to be used in a large variety of potential applications, such as photodynamic therapy for accelerated drug screening, magnetically guided controlled drug delivery and release, and multifunctional actuation.
authors.affiliation: Research Centre of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.|Center of Advanced Science and Engineering for Carbon (Case4Carbon), Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Advanced Materials for Nano-bio Applications, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.|Center of Advanced Science and Engineering for Carbon (Case4Carbon), Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Research Centre of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China. chenjf@mail.buct.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jian-Feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Center of Advanced Science and Engineering for Carbon (Case4Carbon), Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case School of Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. liming.dai@case.edu.
authors.forename: Liming
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dai
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007259:Infrared Rays; D028581:Lanthanoid Series Elements / Q000737:chemistry; D008280:Magnetics; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D017646:Organosilicon Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011524:Protoporphyrins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D028581:Lanthanoid Series Elements; D017646:Organosilicon Compounds; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011524:Protoporphyrins; C028025:protoporphyrin IX
keywords: liquid marbles; magnetic properties; nanoparticles; photodynamic therapy; upconversion