title: New insights into the history of domesticated and wild apricots and its contribution to Plum pox virus resistance.
abstract: Studying domesticated species and their wild relatives allows understanding of the mechanisms of population divergence and adaptation, and identifying valuable genetic resources. Apricot is an important fruit in the Northern hemisphere, where it is threatened by the Plum pox virus (PPV), causing the sharka disease. The histories of apricot domestication and of its resistance to sharka are however still poorly understood. We used 18 microsatellite markers to genotype a collection of 230 wild trees from Central Asia and 142 cultivated apricots as representatives of the worldwide cultivated apricot germplasm; we also performed experimental PPV inoculation tests. The genetic markers revealed highest levels of diversity in Central Asian and Chinese wild and cultivated apricots, confirming an origin in this region. In cultivated apricots, Chinese accessions were differentiated from more Western accessions, while cultivated apricots were differentiated from wild apricots. An approximate Bayesian approach indicated that apricots likely underwent two independent domestication events, with bottlenecks, from the same wild population. Central Asian native apricots exhibited genetic subdivision and high frequency of resistance to sharka. Altogether, our results contribute to the understanding of the domestication history of cultivated apricot and point to valuable genetic diversity in the extant genetic resources of wild apricots.
authors.affiliation: UMR 1332 BFP, Equipe de virologie, INRA, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France.|UMR 1332 BFP, CS20032, Université de Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Decroocq
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Science for life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Amandine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cornille
authors.affiliation: UMR 1332 BFP, Equipe de virologie, INRA, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France.|UMR 1332 BFP, CS20032, Université de Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tricon
authors.affiliation: Genetic Resources Institute of ANAS, Azadlig ave. 155, AZ1106, Baku, Azerbaijan.
authors.forename: Sevda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Babayeva
authors.affiliation: UMR 1332 BFP, Equipe de virologie, INRA, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France.|UMR 1332 BFP, CS20032, Université de Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Aurélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chague
authors.affiliation: UMR 1332 BFP, Equipe de virologie, INRA, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France.|UMR 1332 BFP, CS20032, Université de Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Eyquard
authors.affiliation: Kazakh Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture, 238-a Gagarin Avenue, 480060, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: Raul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Karychev
authors.affiliation: Kazakh Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture, 238-a Gagarin Avenue, 480060, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dolgikh
authors.affiliation: Botanical Garden of National Academy of Sciences, Akhunbaeva street 1a, 720064, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kostritsyna
authors.affiliation: UMR 1332 BFP, Equipe de virologie, INRA, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France.|UMR 1332 BFP, CS20032, Université de Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France.|Liaoning Institute of Pomology, Tiedong Street, Xiongyue Town, Bayuquan District, Yingkou City, Liaoning, 115009, China.
authors.forename: Shuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Liaoning Institute of Pomology, Tiedong Street, Xiongyue Town, Bayuquan District, Yingkou City, Liaoning, 115009, China.
authors.forename: Weisheng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 NongDaDong Road, 830052, Urumqi City, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Wenjuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.affiliation: College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, 311 NongDaDong Road, 830052, Urumqi City, Xinjiang, China.
authors.forename: Kang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, Inonu University, Malatya, 44210, Turkey.
authors.forename: Bayram M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Asma
authors.affiliation: Genetic Resources Institute of ANAS, Azadlig ave. 155, AZ1106, Baku, Azerbaijan.
authors.forename: Zeynal
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Akparov
authors.affiliation: Ecologie Systematique Evolution, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France. tatiana.giraud@u-psud.fr.
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Giraud
authors.affiliation: UMR 1332 BFP, Equipe de virologie, INRA, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France. decroocq@bordeaux.inra.fr.|UMR 1332 BFP, CS20032, Université de Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France. decroocq@bordeaux.inra.fr.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Decroocq
mesh_terms: D001208:Asia; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D000071278:Domestication; D005838:Genotype; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D017801:Plum Pox Virus; D000068219:Prunus armeniaca / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology*
keywords: Prunus armeniaca; fruit tree; pathogen; population structure; virus; wild progenitor