title: Molecular Mechanisms of Enzyme Activation by Monovalent Cations.
abstract: Regulation of enzymes through metal ion complexation is widespread in biology and underscores a physiological need for stability and high catalytic activity that likely predated proteins in the RNA world. In addition to divalent metals such as Ca2+, Mg2+, and Zn2+, monovalent cations often function as efficient and selective promoters of catalysis. Advances in structural biology unravel a rich repertoire of molecular mechanisms for enzyme activation by Na+and K+Strategies range from short-range effects mediated by direct participation in substrate binding, to more distributed effects that propagate long-range to catalytic residues. This review addresses general considerations and examples.
authors.affiliation: From the Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104.
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Gohara
authors.affiliation: From the Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104 enrico@slu.edu.
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Di Cera
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D002414:Cations, Monovalent / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004798:Enzymes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011188:Potassium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012964:Sodium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002414:Cations, Monovalent; D004798:Enzymes; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium
keywords: enzyme kinetics; evolution; potassium; pyruvate kinase; sodium; structure-function; thrombin