title: New record of Scedosporium dehoogii from Chile: Phylogeny and susceptibility profiles to classic and novel putative antifungal agents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Scedosporium species are considered emerging agents causing illness in immunocompromised patients. In Chile, only Scedosporium apiospermum, Scedosporium boydii and Lomentospora prolificans haven been reported previously.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The study aimed to characterize genetically Scedosporium dehoogii strains from Chilean soil samples, and assessed the antifungal susceptibility profile to classic and novel putative antifungal molecules.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2014, several samples were obtained during a survey of soil fungi in urban areas from Chile. Morphological and phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), tubulin (TUB), and calmodulin (CAL) sequences were performed. In addition, the susceptibility profiles to classic antifungal and new putative antifungal molecules were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four strains of Scedosporium dehoogii were isolated from soil samples. The methodology confirmed the species (reported here as a new record for Chile). Antifungal susceptibility testing demonstrates the low activity of terpenes (α-pinene and geraniol) against this species. Voriconazole (VRC), posaconazole (PSC), and the hydroxyquinolines (clioquinol, and 5,7-dibromo-8-hydroxyquinoline) showed the best antifungal activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrate that Scedosporium dehoogii is present in soil samples from Chile. This study shows also that hydroxyquinolines have potential as putative antifungal molecules.
authors.affiliation: Mycology Unit/Filamentous Fungi, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Microbiology and Mycology Program, University of Chile, Chile. Electronic address: eaad78@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.affiliation: Medical Technology Department, University of Chile, Chile.
authors.forename: Camila
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sanhueza
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002677:Chile; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010802:Phylogeny; D021681:Scedosporium / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents
keywords: Antifungal agents; Antifúngicos; Escedosporiasis; Filogenia; Micosis; Mycoses; Phylogeny; Scedosporiosis; Scedosporium dehoogii; Taxonomy; Taxonomía