title: Navicula sp. Sulfated Polysaccharide Gels Induced by Fe(III): Rheology and Microstructure.
abstract: A sulfated polysaccharide extracted from Navicula sp. presented a yield of 4.4 (% w/w dry biomass basis). Analysis of the polysaccharide using gas chromatography showed that this polysaccharide contained glucose (29%), galactose (21%), rhamnose (10%), xylose (5%) and mannose (4%). This polysaccharide presented an average molecular weight of 107 kDa. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs showed that the lyophilized Navicula sp. polysaccharide is an amorphous solid with particles of irregular shapes and sharp angles. The polysaccharide at 1% (w/v) solution in water formed gels in the presence of 0.4% (w/v) FeCl₃, showing elastic and viscous moduli of 1 and 0.7 Pa, respectively. SEM analysis performed on the lyophilized gel showed a compact pore structure, with a pore size of approximately 150 nm. Very few studies on the gelation of sulfated polysaccharides using trivalent ions exist in the literature, and, to the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to describe the gelation of sulfated polysaccharides extracted from Navicula sp.
authors.affiliation: DICTUS, Department of Scientific and Technological Investigations, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico. diana.fimbreso@a2004.uson.mx.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fimbres-Olivarría
authors.affiliation: DICTUS, Department of Scientific and Technological Investigations, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico. jalopez@guayacan.uson.mx.
authors.forename: José Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: López-Elías
authors.affiliation: CIAD, A.C., Research Center for Food and Development, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico. ecarvajal@ciad.mx.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carvajal-Millán
authors.affiliation: CIAD, A.C., Research Center for Food and Development, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico. jmarquez@estudiantes.ciad.mx.
authors.forename: Jorge Alberto
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Márquez-Escalante
authors.affiliation: DICTUS, Department of Scientific and Technological Investigations, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico. lmtz@guayacan.uson.mx.
authors.forename: Luis Rafael
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Martínez-Córdova
authors.affiliation: UES, State University of Sonora, Navojoa, Sonora 85875, Mexico. anselmo.miranda@ues.mx.
authors.forename: Anselmo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miranda-Baeza
authors.affiliation: DICTUS, Department of Scientific and Technological Investigations, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico. fenrquez@guayacan.uson.mx.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Enríquez-Ocaña
authors.affiliation: DICTUS, Department of Scientific and Technological Investigations, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico. jvaldez@guayacan.uson.mx.
authors.forename: José Eduardo
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Valdéz-Holguín
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymers and Materials, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico. fbrown@guaymas.uson.mx.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brown-Bojórquez
mesh_terms: D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D017377:Diatoms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005782:Gels / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D012212:Rheology; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D005782:Gels; D011134:Polysaccharides; D013431:Sulfates
keywords: Navicula sp.; gelation; sulfated polysaccharide; trivalent ions