title: Relation between chronic rhinosinusitis and gastroesophageal reflux in adults: systematic review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is still a controversial issue in literature.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  A systematic review of the association between these two diseases in adult patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Systematic review in PubMed and Cochrane Database with articles published between 1951 and 2015. We included all articles that specifically studied the relationship between CRS and GERD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 436 articles found, only 12 met the inclusion criteria. Eight cross-sectional articles suggest a relation between CRS and GERD, especially on CRS that is refractory to clinical or surgical treatment. However, the groups are small and methodologies are different. Four other longitudinal studies have assessed the effect of treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on the improvement of symptoms of CRS, but the results were conflicting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There seems to be relative prevalence of reflux with intractable CRS. There is still a lack of controlled studies with a significant number of patients to confirm this hypothesis. Few studies specifically assess the impact of treatment of reflux on symptom improvement in patients with CRS.
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Oftalmologia, Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Guilherme Constante Preis
authors.initials: GCP
authors.lastname: Sella
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Oftalmologia, Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tamashiro
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Oftalmologia, Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Wilma Terezinha
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Anselmo-Lima
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Oftalmologia, Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: facpvalera@uol.com.br.
authors.forename: Fabiana Cardoso Pereira
authors.initials: FCP
authors.lastname: Valera
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology
keywords: Doença do refluxo gastroesofágico; Gastroesophageal reflux disease; Inibidor de bomba de prótons; Laryngopharyngeal reflux; Proton pump inhibitor; Refluxo laringofaríngeo; Rhinosinusitis; Rinossinusite; pH-metry; pHmetria