title: Effect of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase on Intrauterine Insemination, Contribution to Inflammations, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status; A Preliminary Report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oxidative stress affects women fertility and influences on the sperm quality by alterating activities of cholinesterases, a molecular marker of stress-related infertility. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of acetyl-cholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activities and phenotypes in patients with unexplained infertility (idiopathic). It's possible association with inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP) and other oxidative stress markers, i.e. before and after intra uterine insemination (IUI).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, blood samples of 60 patients with unexplained infertility were collected the day before and 24 hr after IUI (between 8 AM and 9 AM after the overnight fasting) and activities of BuChE, AChE, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GpX) and serum levels of thiol proteins (TP), C-reactive protein (CRP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured. Statistical significance was assumed at p<0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before IUI, there was a significant (p=0.048) positive correlation between BuChE activity and plasma TAC and a significant difference in the CAT activity between various BuChE (UU and non-UU) phenotypes. However, after IUI, a significant negative correlation between the AChE activity and BuChE activity was found (p=0.045) and the level of RBC AChE activity was significantly reduced (382.4± 163.19 vs. 586.7±384 IU/grHb, p=0.025). Meanwhile, after IUI, the activities of SOD (1568±847.5 IU/grHb vs. 1126±229.3, p=0.031) and CAT (310±53.4 IU/grHb vs. 338±73, p=0.025) were increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that decline in cholinesterases activities may be responsible for stimulation of oxidative stress and inflammation and reduction in fertility rates by IUI.
authors.affiliation: Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Lida
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Haghnazari
authors.affiliation: Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Molecular Diagnostic Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Asad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vaisi-Raygani
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Farahnaz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Keshvarzi
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Farivar
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferdowsi
authors.affiliation: Molecular Diagnostic Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Massoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goodarzi
authors.affiliation: Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Zohreh
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rahimi
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baniamerian
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Haidar
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tavilani
authors.affiliation: Molecular Diagnostic Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Hadis
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vaisi-Raygani
authors.affiliation: Molecular Diagnostic Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Hessam
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vaisi-Raygani
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee, Health Science Center, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Tayehbeh
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pourmotabbed
keywords: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE); Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE); Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant; Intrauterine insemination (IUI); Oxidative stress