title: Organic acid compounds in root exudation of Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) and its bioactivity as affected by heavy metals.
abstract: Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) has great potential as phytoremediation material in soil contaminated by heavy metals. A hydroponics experiment was conducted to determine organic acid compounds of root exudates of lead- (Pb), zinc- (Zn), copper- (Cu), and cadmium (Cd)-tolerant of Moso bamboo. Plants were grown in nutrients solution which included Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd applied as Pb(NO3)2(200 μM), ZnSO4·7H2O (100 μM), CuSO4·5H2O (25 μM), and CdCl2(10 μM), respectively. Oxalic acid and malic acid were detected in all treatments. Lactic acid was observed in Cu, Cd, and control treatments. The oxalic was the main organic acid exudated by Moso bamboo. In the sand culture experiment, the Moso bamboo significantly activated carbonate heavy metals under activation of roots. The concentration of water-soluble metals (except Pb) in sand were significantly increased as compared with control. Organic acids (1 mM mixed) were used due to its effect on the soil adsorption of heavy metals. After adding mixed organic acids, the Cu and Zn sorption capacity in soils was decreased markedly compared with enhanced Pb and Cd sorption capacity in soils. The sorption was analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich equations with R2values that ranged from 0.956 to 0.999 and 0.919 to 0.997, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, China.|Zhejiang Resource Development Group Co., Ltd., Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Junren
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shafi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, China.
authors.forename: Jiasen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, China.
authors.forename: Zhengqian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, China.
authors.forename: Lizhi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, China. liudan7812@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018527:Hydroponics; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D008293:Malates / Q000378:metabolism*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D019815:Oxalic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006109:Poaceae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008293:Malates; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D019344:Lactic Acid; C030298:malic acid; D019815:Oxalic Acid
keywords: Adsorption; Heavy metals; Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens); Organic acids; Roots exudation