title: Isotopic Composition of Atmospheric Mercury in China: New Evidence for Sources and Transformation Processes in Air and in Vegetation.
abstract: The isotopic composition of atmospheric total gaseous mercury (TGM) and particle-bound mercury (PBM) and mercury (Hg) in litterfall samples have been determined at urban/industrialized and rural sites distributed over mainland China for identifying Hg sources and transformation processes. TGM and PBM near anthropogenic emission sources display negative δ(202)Hg and near-zero Δ(199)Hg in contrast to relatively positive δ(202)Hg and negative Δ(199)Hg observed in remote regions, suggesting that different sources and atmospheric processes force the mass-dependent fractionation (MDF) and mass-independent fractionation (MIF) in the air samples. Both MDF and MIF occur during the uptake of atmospheric Hg by plants, resulting in negative δ(202)Hg and Δ(199)Hg observed in litter-bound Hg. The linear regression resulting from the scatter plot relating the δ(202)Hg to Δ(199)Hg data in the TGM samples indicates distinct anthropogenic or natural influences at the three study sites. A similar trend was also observed for Hg accumulated in broadleaved deciduous forest foliage grown in areas influenced by anthropogenic emissions. The relatively negative MIF in litter-bound Hg compared to TGM is likely a result of the photochemical reactions of Hg(2+) in foliage. This study demonstrates the diagnostic stable Hg isotopic composition characteristics for separating atmospheric Hg of different source origins in China and provides the isotopic fractionation clues for the study of Hg bioaccumulation.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guiyang 550002, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guiyang 550002, China.
authors.forename: Xuewu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guiyang 550002, China.
authors.forename: Runsheng
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guiyang 550002, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guiyang 550002, China.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Xun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guiyang 550002, China.|Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lamar University , Beaumont, Texas United States.
authors.forename: Che-Jen
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China.|Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Mengla, 666303, China.
authors.forename: Chuansheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Mengla, 666303, China.
authors.forename: Yiping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Nannan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Pingqing
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Zifa
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guiyang 550002, China.
authors.forename: Lihai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guiyang 550002, China.
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sommar
authors.affiliation: Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, CNRS/IRD/Université Paul Sabatier , 14 Avenue Edouard-Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Jeroen E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Sonke
authors.affiliation: Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, CNRS/IRD/Université Paul Sabatier , 14 Avenue Edouard-Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Maurice
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, UPS, 14 Avenue Edouard-Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guinot
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guiyang 550002, China.
authors.forename: Xinbin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D007554:Isotopes; D008628:Mercury; D008629:Mercury Isotopes
chemical_list: D007554:Isotopes; D008629:Mercury Isotopes; D008628:Mercury