title: Cheating and sports: history, diagnosis and treatment.
abstract: This paper focuses on "cheating" in modern day athletics from youth through professional sports. We briefly summarize a history of cheating in the sports world. We examine the current role cheating plays in sports as well as its causes including, psychodynamic issues, the development of personality disorders and how personality traits become pathological resulting in deception, dishonesty, and underhandedness. We describe management and treatment including psychotherapeutic intervention as well as medication. Finally we discuss a systems approach involving outreach to coaches, families, and related sports organizations (like FIFA, WADA, etc) or the professional leagues which have institutional control and partial influence on the athlete.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford , CA , USA.
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kamis
authors.affiliation: b Department of Psychiatry, Rowan School of Osteopathic Medicine , NJ , USA.|c International Society for Sport Psychiatry , USA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Newmark
authors.affiliation: c International Society for Sport Psychiatry , USA.|d Private Practice , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Begel
authors.affiliation: a Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford , CA , USA.|c International Society for Sport Psychiatry , USA.
authors.forename: Ira D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Glick
mesh_terms: D056352:Athletes / Q000523:psychology*; D008192:Deception; D006801:Humans; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D000067450:Psychology, Sports / Q000379:methods*; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D013177:Sports / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Athletes; cheating; coach; gamesmanship; mastery climate; sports psychiatry