title: Strong down-regulation of glycophorin genes: A host defense mechanism against rotavirus infection.
abstract: The mechanisms of rotavirus (RV) infection have been analyzed from different angles but the way in which RV modifies the transcriptome of the host is still unknown. Whole transcriptome shotgun sequencing of peripheral blood samples was used to reveal patterns of expression from the genome of RV-infected patients. RV provokes global changes in the transcriptome of infected cells, involving an over-expression of genes involved in cell cycle and chromatin condensation. While interferon IFI27 was hyper-activated, interferon type II was not suggesting that RV has developed mechanisms to evade the innate response by host cells after virus infection. Most interesting was the inhibition of genes of the glycophorins A and B (GYPA/B) family, which are the major sialoglycoproteins of the human erythrocyte membrane and receptor of several viruses for host invasion. RV infection induces a complex and global response in the host. The strong inhibition of glycophorins suggests a novel defense mechanism of the host to prevent viral infection, inhibiting the expression of receptors used by the virus for infection. The present results add further support to the systemic nature of RV infection.
authors.affiliation: Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GENPOB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Galicia, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Galicia, Spain,. Electronic address: antonio.salas@usc.es.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salas
authors.affiliation: Sistemas Genómicos, Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marco-Puche
authors.affiliation: Sistemas Genómicos, Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Triviño
authors.affiliation: Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GENPOB Research Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Galicia, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Galicia, Spain.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gómez-Carballa
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Galicia, Spain.
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cebey-López
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Galicia, Spain,; Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rivero-Calle
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Galicia, Spain,; Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
authors.forename: Lucía
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vilanova-Trillo
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Galicia, Spain,; Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Tenreiro
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Galicia, Spain,; Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gómez-Rial
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Investigación en Genética, Vacunas, Infecciones y Pediatría (GENVIP), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Galicia, Spain,; Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martinón-Torres
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D006021:Glycophorins / Q000235:genetics*; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D005810:Multigene Family; D012401:Rotavirus; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D006021:Glycophorins
keywords: Cell cycle; Glycophorin; RNA-Seq; Rotavirus; Transcriptome