title: [Comparative analysis of the ankle joints in juvenile male soccer players with imaging].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the characteristics of children male soccer players' ankle imaging features.
  
  
  METHODS
  From October 2015 to February 2016, a total of 32 male children players of two soccer clubs in Guangzhou were enrolled in this study.The ages of all cases were from 10 to 14 years, average age was (11.3±0.9) years.A total of 15 male children in region ordinary primary and secondary school students were set as control group, ages were from 10 to 14 years, average age was (12.1±1.2) years. All objects' ankle were examined by X-ray for positive and lateral positions; routine CT scanning and then on the workstation restructuring for axial, coronal and sagittal slices; and examined by MR. MR scan was with special surface coil for ankle joint for horizontal axis T2WI; coronal T1WI; coronary proton density weighted imaging (PWI); sagittal T2WI with fat suppression; sagittal PWI with isotropic and fat suppression sequence of fast field echo. The ankle bone morphological structures were observed on X-ray; the ankle bone mineral density, cortical bone thickness and sesamoid bone quantity was being observed and measured on CT; and the tenosynovitis, Achilles tendinitis, synovitis, and cancellous bone edema signal were observed on MR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For study group, a total of 32 cases and 64 ankles joints were completed by X-ray, CT and MR examination.A total of 15 cases and 30 ankles joints were completed by X-ray in control group, 26 ankle joints were completed by CT scan and 22 ankle joints were completed by MR examination.X-ray examination showed there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in ankle bone structure.CT showed that navicular bone CT value was (296±82) HU in research group and navicular bone CT value was (266±107) HU in control group, the difference was statistically significant (P=0.03). MR showed the incidence of diseases in research group that the tendon sheath peripheral inflammation was 92.2% (59/64), Achilles tendon lesions was 18.8%(12/64), edema of cancellous bone was 73.4% (47/64) , lateral malleous ligaments injuried was 43.8%(28/64), synovitis or effusion in posterior ankle was 87.5% (56/64). The incidence of diseases in control group was that tendon sheath peripheral inflammation was 31.8%(7/22), Achilles tendon lesions was 0/22, edema of cancellous bone was 0/22, lateral malleous ligaments injuried was 0/22, synovitis or effusion in posterior ankle was 54.5% (12/22). There was statistically significant difference between these two groups (all P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with the control group, children's male soccer players ankle bone structure, bone cortex thickness and bone mineral density there were no obvious difference. In the tenosynovitis, Achilles tendinitis, synovitis, bone marrow edema, lateral malleous ligaments injuried were significantly higher than the control group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Imaging Institute of Bone and Joints, Academy of Orthopedics, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors.forename: Y B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Y X
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000125:Achilles Tendon; D000293:Adolescent; D000843:Ankle Joint; D002648:Child; D017885:Collateral Ligaments; D004487:Edema; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012916:Soccer; D013585:Synovitis; D013628:Talus; D052256:Tendinopathy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed