title: (18)F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and serum cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases in the assessment of disease activity in Takayasu's arteritis.
abstract: To evaluate (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and serum levels of different cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TA) and associations with disease activity.
  
  
  
  Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-18, MMP-3 and MMP-9 were measured in 36 TA patients and 36 controls. Maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) of (18)F-FDG in arterial walls was determined by PET-CT scans. TA patients were classified as active disease, inactive disease and possible active disease.
  
  
  
  Serum IL-6 and MMP-3 levels were higher in TA patients than in controls (p<0.001). Serum IL-6 was higher in patients with active disease and in patients with possible active disease than in inactive disease (p<0.0001). Patients with active disease had higher serum TNFα levels than patients with inactive disease (p=0.049) while patients with possible active disease presented higher IL-18 levels than patients with inactive disease (p=0.046). Patients with active disease had higher SUVmax values than those with inactive disease (p=0.042). By receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve SUVmax was predictive of active disease in TA and values ≥1.3 were associated with disease activity (p=0.039). Serum TNF-α levels were higher in patients with SUVmax≥1.3 than <1.3 (p=0.045) and controls (p=0.012). Serum IL-6 levels were higher in patients with SUVmax≥1.3 than in controls (p<0.001). No differences regarding other biomarkers were found between TA patients and controls.
  
  
  
  Higher serum IL-6 and TNFα levels as well as higher (18)F-FDG uptake in arterial wall are associated with active TA.
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Anne E D
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Arraes
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexandre W S
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Henrique A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Mariz
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Neusa P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Radiology Division, Hospital A.C. Camargo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ivone C G
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.affiliation: Radiology Division, Hospital A.C. Camargo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paula N V
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.affiliation: Radiology Division, Hospital A.C. Camargo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eduardo N P
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: eisato@unifesp.br.
authors.forename: Emilia I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000072078:Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013625:Takayasu Arteritis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases
keywords: Arterite de Takayasu; Citocinas; Cytokines; Matrix metalloproteinases; Metaloproteinases da matriz; Positron emission tomography scan; Takayasu's arteritis; Tomografia computadorizada