title: Transcranial Sonography of the Insula: Digitized Image Analysis of Fusion Images with Magnetic Resonance.
abstract: Purpose:Transcranial B-mode sonography (TCS) of brain parenchyma is increasingly used as a diagnostic tool for movement disorders. Accordingly, experimental B-Mode Assist software was developed to enable digitized analysis of the echogenicity of predefined brain regions. The aim of the study was to assess the reproducibility of digitized TCS image analysis of the insula.Materials and Methods:A total of 130 patients with an indication for neurosonological examination were screened for participation in the study. The insula was imaged from the right temporal bone window using Virtual Navigator and TCS-MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) fusion imaging. All subjects were examined three times by two experienced sonographers. Corresponding images of the insula in the axial thalamic plane were encoded and digitally analyzed. Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient were used for the assessment of intra- and inter-reader as well as intra- and inter-investigator reliabilities.Results:TCS images of 114 patients were evaluated (21 patients with TIA, 53 patients with headache, 18 patients with essential tremor, 22 patients with neurodegerative disease). 16 patients were excluded from analysis due to insufficient bone window. The intra-reader, inter-reader, intra-investigator and inter-investigator ICCs/Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were 0.995/0.993, 0.937/0.921, 0.969/0.961 and 0.875/0.858, resp.Conclusion:The present study demonstrates a high reliability to reproduce echogenicity values of the insula using digitized image analysis and TCS-MRI fusion images with almost perfect intra-reader, inter-reader, intra-investigator and inter-investigator agreement.
authors.affiliation: Neurology, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Školoudík
authors.affiliation: Neurology, University Hospital Ostrava, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bártová
authors.affiliation: Neurology, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mašková
authors.affiliation: Neurology, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dušek
authors.affiliation: Institute of Computer Science, Faculty of Philosophy and Science, Silesian University in Opava, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blahuta
authors.affiliation: Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Langová
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Walter
authors.affiliation: Neurology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Herzig
mesh_terms: D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003287:Contrast Media; D020329:Essential Tremor / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015588:Observer Variation; D011247:Pregnancy; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013788:Thalamus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial / Q000379:methods*; D014584:User-Computer Interface
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media