title: Streptomyces pini sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from phylloplane of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) needle-like leaves.
abstract: A novel siderophore-producing actinomycete, designated PL19T, was isolated from the Scots-pine needle-like leaves collected from TNAU campus, Coimbatore, India. The isolate was chemoorganotrophic in nutrition and able to grow at 30 °C, and the optimum pH and NaCl facilitated the growth pH 6-11 and 0-8 % (w/v), respectively. The cells are filamentous and the mycelia formed are basically of wide and intricately branched substrate mycelium from which aerial mycelia arises, later gets differentiated into spores that are warty and arranged spirally. The 16S rRNA gene of strain PL19T was sequenced and was highly similar to the type strains of species of the genus Streptomyces, including Streptomyces barkulensis RC1831T (98.8 % pairwise similarity), Streptomyces fenghuangensis GIMN4.003T (98.2 %), Streptomyces nanhaiensis SCSIO 01248T (98.0 %), Streptomyces radiopugnans R97T (97.9 %), Streptomyces atacamensis C60T (97.8 %) and Streptomyces macrosporus NBRC 14749T (97.2 %), all of which were subjected to taxonomical characterization using a polyphasic approach. The strains showed unique carbon utilization patterns, and it possesses iso-C16 : 0 anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 as a major cellular fatty acids. The cell-wall was dominated with ll-type diaminopimelic acid, and the menaquinone type was MK-9(H6, H8). These chemotaxonomic evidences placed strain PL19T within the genus Streptomyces. The determination of G+C ratio (69.5 mol%) and DNA-DNA hybridization values (13.4-31.8 % with the phylogenetically related species) helped in further hierarchical classification of strain PL19T. Based on morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomic data as well as DNA-DNA hybridization values, strain PL19T could be distinguished from the evolutionarily closest species currently available. All these collective data show that strain PL19T represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces pini sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PL19T (=NRRL B-24728T=ICMP 17783T).
authors.affiliation: Temasek Lifesciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, Singapore 117604, Republic of Singapore.|Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamilnadu, India.
authors.forename: Munusamy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Madhaiyan
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamilnadu, India.|Temasek Lifesciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, 1 Research Link, Singapore 117604, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Selvaraj
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Poonguzhali
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Indira Gandhi College of Arts and Science, Pondicherry 605009, India.
authors.forename: Venkatakrishnan Sivaraj
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Saravanan
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Veeramuthu
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Duraipandiyan
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany and Microbiology, Addiriyah Chair for Environmental Studies, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Naif Abdullah
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Al-Dhabi
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamilnadu, India.|School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Dhandapani
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pragatheswari
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamilnadu, India.
authors.forename: Palani
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Santhanakrishnan
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hang-Yeon
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Weon
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soon-Wo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kwon
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D003960:Diaminopimelic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D007194:India; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D041605:Pinus sylvestris / Q000382:microbiology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000382:microbiology*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D024482:Vitamin K 2; C073355:menaquinone 9; D003960:Diaminopimelic Acid