title: The Degree of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Correlates with the Presence and Severity of Coronary Heart Disease.
abstract: Both diabetic retinopathy (DR) and coronary heart disease (CHD) are clinically significant in diabetic patients. We investigated the correlation between the severity of DR and the presence and severity of CHD among type 2 diabetic patients. A total of 175 patients who were examined at the DR clinic and underwent dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) angiography within 6 months were included. The degree of DR was graded as no DR, nonproliferative DR (NPDR), and proliferative DR (PDR). The severity of CHD and the numbers of significant stenotic coronary artery on DSCT angiography according to DR grade were assessed. The mean Agatston Calcium Score (ACS) in patients with PDR was significantly higher than other groups (P < 0.001). The overall odds of an ACS increase were about 4.7-fold higher in PDR group than in no DR group (P < 0.001). In PDR group, in comparison with in no DR, the odds of having 1 or 2 arterial involvement were 3-fold higher (P = 0.044), and those of having 3 were 17-fold higher (P = 0.011). The c-index, one of the predictability values in regression analysis model, was not significantly increased when PDR was added to classical CHD risk factors (0.671 to 0.706, P = 0.111). Conclusively, patients with PDR develop a greater likelihood of not only having CHD, but being more severe nature. PDR has no additional effect to classical CHD risk factors for predicting CHD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, 38th Fighter Group Medical Station, Gunsan, Korea .
authors.forename: Taewoong
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-9059-4751
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Um
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei Eagle Eye Hospital, Seongnam, Korea .
authors.forename: Dong Hoon
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7571-7749
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea .
authors.forename: Joon-Won
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6478-0390
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonju, Korea .
authors.forename: Eun Young
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7280-8856
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea .
authors.forename: Young Hee
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2849-7528
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: Coronary Heart Disease; Diabetic Retinopathy; Type 2 Diabetes