title: Occurrence of tinnitus and other auditory symptoms among musicians playing different instruments.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tinnitus is one of the most reported auditory symptoms among musicians and can negatively influence their ability to work, sometimes even more severely than hearing loss.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the occurrence of tinnitus and other auditory symptoms in musicians who play different instruments.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred musicians participated by answering a questionnaire on instrument played, practice time with the instrument, occurrence of tinnitus, hearing difficulties, and intolerance to loud sounds. The symptoms were analyzed in relation to gender, musical instrument, and time of experience using statistical tests such as the Chi-squared test and Difference in Proportions test at a significance level of 0.05 as well as finding the Prevalence Ratio.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tinnitus was the most frequent symptom among musicians, especially among those who play amplified instruments. There was an association between tinnitus and hearing difficulty, and between instrument experience time and intolerance to loud sounds. The proportion of musicians with occasional tinnitus was high among those with less than 15 years of musical practice, and 4.53 times more prevalent in those with more than 15 years of experience.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of auditory symptoms, especially tinnitus, among musicians reinforces the need for implementation of hearing conservation programs for this profession.
authors.affiliation: Departament of Audiology and Communication Disorders, Tuiuti University of Paraná. Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Débora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lüders
authors.affiliation: Departament of Audiology and Communication Disorders, Tuiuti University of Paraná. Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudia Giglio de Oliveira
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.affiliation: Departament of Audiology and Communication Disorders, Tuiuti University of Paraná. Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adriana Bender Moreira de
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Lacerda
authors.affiliation: Departament of Audiology and Communication Disorders, Tuiuti University of Paraná. Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana Santos Gerosino da
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Departament of Audiology and Communication Disorders, Tuiuti University of Paraná. Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jair Mendes
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.affiliation: Departament of Audiology and Communication Disorders, Tuiuti University of Paraná. Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Valana Nicole
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Sperotto
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006317:Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009146:Music; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D063189:Symptom Assessment; D013997:Time Factors; D014012:Tinnitus / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*
keywords: health promotion; hearing; music; tinnitus