title: α2-Antiplasmin: New Insights and Opportunities for Ischemic Stroke.
abstract: Thrombotic vascular occlusion is the leading cause of ischemic stroke. High blood levels of α2-antiplasmin (a2AP), an ultrafast, covalent inhibitor of plasmin, have been linked in humans to increased risk of ischemic stroke and failure of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) therapy. Consistent with these observations, a2AP neutralizes the therapeutic benefit of tPA therapy in experimental stroke. In addition, a2AP has deleterious, dose-related effects on ischemic brain injury in the absence of therapy. Experimental therapeutic inactivation of a2AP markedly reduces microvascular thrombosis, ischemic brain injury, brain swelling, brain hemorrhage, and death after thromboembolic stroke. These data provide new insights into the critical importance of a2AP in the pathogenesis of ischemic brain injury and suggest that transiently inactivating a2AP may have therapeutic value in ischemic stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Guy L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Aiilyan K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Houng
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Satish
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, Tennessee.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D000979:alpha-2-Antiplasmin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000979:alpha-2-Antiplasmin