title: Comfort experience in palliative care: a phenomenological study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Palliative care aims to provide maximum comfort to the patient. However it is unknown what factors facilitate or hinder the experience of comfort, from the perspective of inpatients of palliative care units. This lack of knowledge hinders the development of comfort interventions adjusted to these patients. The aim of this research is to describe the comfort and discomfort experienced by inpatients at palliative care units.
  
  
  METHODS
  A phenomenological descriptive study was undertaken. Ten inpatients were recruited from a Spanish palliative care unit and seven from a Portuguese palliative care unit. Data were collected using individual interviews and analysed following the method of Giorgi.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four themes reflect the essence of the lived experience: The Palliative Care as a response to the patient's needs with advanced disease, attempt to naturalize advanced disease, confrontation with their own vulnerability, openness to the spiritual dimension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Informants revealed that they experience comfort through humanized care, differentiated environment, symptomatic control, hope and relationships. The discomfort emerges from the losses and powerlessness against their situation. Even if such findings may seem intuitive, documenting them is essential because it invites us to reflect on our convictions about what it means to be comfortable for these patients, and allows incorporating this information in the design of focused interventions to maximize the comfort experience.
authors.affiliation: Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. adriananevescoelho@esenfc.pt.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6381-7128
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.affiliation: Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Vitor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Parola
authors.affiliation: University of Lleida, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Lleida, Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Escobar-Bravo
authors.affiliation: Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, The Portugal Centre for Evidence-Based Practice: an Affiliate Centre of the Joanna Briggs Institute, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Apóstolo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology*; D000070659:Patient Comfort / Q000592:standards*; D011174:Portugal; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012944:Social Support; D013030:Spain; D019452:Terminally Ill / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Comfort; End of life care; Inpatients; Palliative care; Phenomenology; Qualitative research