title: Preclinical evaluation of gold-DTDTPA nanoparticles as theranostic agents in prostate cancer radiotherapy.
abstract: Gold nanoparticles have attracted significant interest in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Herein, we evaluated the theranostic potential of dithiolated diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTDTPA) conjugated AuNPs (Au@DTDTPA) for CT-contrast enhancement and radiosensitization in prostate cancer.
  
  
  
  In vitro assays determined Au@DTDTPA uptake, cytotoxicity, radiosensitizing potential and DNA damage profiles. Human PC3 xenograft tumor models were used to determine CT enhancement and radiation modulating effects in vivo.
  
  
  
  Cells exposed to nanoparticles and radiation observed significant additional reduction in survival compared with radiation only. Au@DTDTPA produced a CT enhancement of 10% and a significant extension in tumor growth delay from 16.9 days to 38.3 compared with radiation only.
  
  
  
  This study demonstrates the potential of Au@DTDTPA to enhance CT-image contrast and simultaneously increases the radiosensitivity of prostate tumors.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cancer Research & Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK.
authors.forename: Karl T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Butterworth
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK.
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Nicol
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cancer Research & Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK.
authors.forename: Mihaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghita
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cancer Research & Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK.
authors.forename: Soraia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cancer Research & Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK.
authors.forename: Pankaj
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chaudhary
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cancer Research & Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK.
authors.forename: Conor K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: McGarry
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK.
authors.forename: Helen O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.affiliation: UTINAM Institute, UMR 6213 CNRS - UFC, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon 25030, France.
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jimenez-Sanchez
authors.affiliation: UTINAM Institute, UMR 6213 CNRS - UFC, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon 25030, France.
authors.forename: Rana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bazzi
authors.affiliation: UTINAM Institute, UMR 6213 CNRS - UFC, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon 25030, France.
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roux
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Light and Matter, UMR 5306 CNRS - UCBL, University of Lyon, Villeurbanne 69622, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tillement
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK.
authors.forename: Jonathan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Coulter
authors.affiliation: Centre for Cancer Research & Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7AE, UK.
authors.forename: Kevin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Prise
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016513:Mice, SCID; D004369:Pentetic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068936:Theranostic Nanomedicine
chemical_list: D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D006046:Gold; D004369:Pentetic Acid
keywords: CT enhancement; DTDTPA; SARRP; cancer; gold nanoparticles; prostate; radiation enhancement