title: The mitochondrial genome of booklouse, Liposcelis sculptilis (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) and the evolutionary timescale of Liposcelis.
abstract: Bilateral animals are featured by an extremely compact mitochondrial (mt) genome with 37 genes on a single circular chromosome. To date, the complete mt genome has only been determined for four species of Liposcelis, a genus with economic importance, including L. entomophila, L. decolor, L. bostrychophila, and L. paeta. They belong to A, B, or D group of Liposcelis, respectively. Unlike most bilateral animals, L. bostrychophila, L. entomophila and L. paeta have a bitipartite mt genome with genes on two chromosomes. However, the mt genome of L. decolor has the typical mt chromosome of bilateral animals. Here, we sequenced the mt genome of L. sculptilis, and identified 35 genes, which were on a single chromosome. The mt genome fragmentation is not shared by the D group of Liposcelis and the single chromosome of L. sculptilis differed from those of booklice known in gene content and gene arrangement. We inferred that different evolutionary patterns and rate existed in Liposcelis. Further, we reconstructed the evolutionary history of 21 psocodean taxa with phylogenetic analyses, which suggested that Liposcelididae and Phthiraptera have evolved 134 Ma and the sucking lice diversified in the Late Cretaceous.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Dan-Dan
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Yuan-Jian
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dou
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
authors.forename: Jin-Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000854:Anoplura; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D023061:Gene Order; D050259:Genes, Mitochondrial; D054629:Genome, Mitochondrial; D000074746:Neoptera / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial