title: Selective Extraction of Flavonoids from Sophora flavescens Ait. by Mechanochemistry.
abstract: Flavonoids from Sophora flavescens were selectively extracted by mechanochemical-promoted extraction technology (MPET) after using response surface methodology to determine the optimal extraction parameters. The highest yield of 35.17 mg/g was achieved by grinding the roots with Na₂CO₃ (15%) at 440 rpm/min for 17.0 min and water was used as the sole solvent with a ratio of solvent to solid material of 25 mL/g. Flavonoids prepared by MPET demonstrated relatively higher antioxidant activities in subsequent DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. Main constituents in the extracts, including kurarinol, kushenol I/N and kurarinone, were characterized by HPLC-MS/MS, indicating good selective extraction by MPET. Physicochemical property changes of powder during mechanochemical milling were identified by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and UV-Vis diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy. Compared with traditional extraction methods, MPET possesses notable advantages of higher selectivity, lower extraction temperature, shorter extraction time, and organic solvent free properties.
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China. zqh1657@126.com.
authors.forename: Qihong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China. yjb@zjut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jingbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China. wyy312@126.com.
authors.forename: Yingyao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center for Process Development of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China. pharmlab@zjut.edu.cn.|Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China. pharmlab@zjut.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Weike
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Su
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D059625:Liquid-Liquid Extraction / Q000379:methods; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D029909:Sophora / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids
keywords: Sophora flavescens Ait.; flavonoids; mechanochemical-promoted extraction technology; response surface methodology; selectivity