title: Fluid Management: Pharmacologic and Renal Replacement Therapies.
abstract: Focusing on critically ill children with cardiac disease, we will review common causes of fluid perturbations, clinical recognition, and strategies to minimize and treat fluid-related complications.
  
  
  
  MEDLINE and PubMed.
  
  
  
  Meticulous fluid management is vital in critically ill children with cardiac disease. Fluid therapy is important to maintain adequate blood volume and perfusion pressure in order to support cardiac output, tissue perfusion, and oxygen delivery. However, fluid overload and acute kidney injury are common and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Understanding the etiologies for disturbances in volume status and the pathophysiology surrounding those conditions is crucial for providing optimal care.
authors.affiliation: 1Divisions of Critical Care and Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL. 2Division of Kidney Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL. 3Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
authors.forename: Eric L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Wald
authors.forename: Gal
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Finer
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: McBride
authors.forename: Nguyenvu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Costello
authors.forename: Conrad L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Epting
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000628:therapy*; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods*