title: [Algal oligosaccharides ameliorate osteoporosis via up-regulation of parathyroid hormone 1-84 and vascular endothelial growth factor].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether algal oligosac- charide~ affects the levels of parathyroid hormone 1-84 (PTH1-84) and vascular endothelial growth fac- tor (VEGF).
  
  
  METHODS
  An osteoporosis rat model was estab- lished via bilateral ovariectomy. The model rats were fed algal oligosaccharides (molecular weights: 600-1, 200 Da) for 4 months. Bone mineral density (BMD) was then measured. MG-63 human osteo- blastic cells were treated with algal oligosaccha- rides. The expression of PTH1-84 and VEGF was then examined. Oligosaccharide-treated cells were transfected with PTH1-84 short hairpin RNA (shR- NA), VEGF shRNA, and PTH1-84-VEGF small interfer- ing RNA (siRNA). The growth rates were then com- pared between transfected and non-transfected
  
  
  RESULTS
  Algal oligosaccharides increased the BMD of the osteoporosis rat model compared with untreated controls (P < 0.05). When MG-63 cells were treated with algal oligosaccharides, the growth rate increased by 25% compared with the control group at day 3 (P < 0.05). In addition, the ex- pression of P.TH84 and VEGF was. enhanced. Con- versey w hen tecells were tranfected with PTH84 shRNA, VEGF shRNA, or PTH1-84-VEGF siR- NA, the growth rate was decreased by 17%, 35% and 70%, respectively, compared with controls at day 3 (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Algal oligosaccharides ameliorate osteoporosis via up-regulation of PTH1-84 and VEGF. Algal oligosaccharides should be developed as a potential drug for osteoporosis treatment.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Haiya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ningyuan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009844:Oligosaccharides; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A