title: Detection of the mild emphysema by quantification of lung respiratory airways with hyperpolarized xenon diffusion MRI.
abstract: To demonstrate the feasibility to quantify the lung respiratory airway in vivo with hyperpolarized xenon diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is able to detect mild emphysema in the rat model.
  
  
  
  The lung respiratory airways were quantified in vivo using hyperpolarized xenon diffusion MRI (7T) with eight b values (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 s/cm2) in five control rats and five mild emphysematous rats, which were induced by elastase. The morphological results from histology were acquired and used for comparison.
  
  
  
  The parameters DL(longitudinal diffusion coefficient), r (internal radius), h (alveolar sleeve depth), Lm (mean linear intercept), and S/V (surface area to lung volume ratio) derived from the hyperpolarized xenon diffusion MRI in the emphysematous group showed significant differences from those in the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, these parameters correlated well with the Lm obtained by the traditional histological sections (Pearson's correlation coefficients >0.8).
  
  
  
  The lung respiratory airways can be quantified by hyperpolarized xenon diffusion MRI, showing the potential for mild emphysema diagnosis. Also, the study suggested that the hyperpolarized xenon DLis more sensitive than DT(transverse diffusion coefficient) to detect mild emphysema.
  
  
  
  1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:879-888.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.affiliation: Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Guangyao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yeqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xianping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Chaohui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D001980:Bronchi / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D004646:Emphysema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests / Q000379:methods*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014132:Trachea / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014979:Xenon Isotopes / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014979:Xenon Isotopes; C000614971:Xenon-129
keywords: diffusion; emphysema; hyperpolarized xenon; lung; morphology; respiratory airways