title: Glycoside rich fraction from Spondias pinnata bark ameliorate iron overload induced oxidative stress and hepatic damage in Swiss albino mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Iron in the overloaded condition in liver promotes the overproduction of free radicals that lead to oxidative stress and ultimately hepatic damage. The present study was designed to evaluate the ameliorating potential from iron overloaded hepatotoxicity by the glycosidic fraction from Spondious pinnata bark (SPW1) along with its antioxidant property.
  
  
  METHODS
  The fraction was tested for its in vitro antioxidant, free radical scavenging property and iron chelation potential via standard biochemical assays. Iron overload condition was generated by the intraperitoneal administration of iron dextran in mice. The levels of serum enzymes, antioxidant enzymes in liver, markers of hepatic damage, liver iron, and ferritin content were measured in response to the oral treatment of SPW1. Histopathology of the liver sections was performed for visual confirmation of the amelioration potential of SPW1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The fraction exhibited excellent in vitro antioxidant as well as free radical scavenging potential against both reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species. Administration of SPW1 significantly normalized the disturbed levels of antioxidant enzymes, liver iron, lipid peroxidation, liver fibrosis, serum enzyme and ferritin better than standard desirox which were also supported by the morphological study of the liver sections. Phytochemical analysis as well as HPLC study, confirmed that the fraction mainly consisted of glycosidic phenolics and flavonoids that attributed to its biological activities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The above results suggested that beneficial effects of SPW1 on iron overload induced hepatotoxicity that can be considered as a possible candidate against iron overload diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P 1/12, C. I. T. Road, Scheme - VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Dipankar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chaudhuri
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P 1/12, C. I. T. Road, Scheme - VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Nikhil Baban
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Ghate
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P 1/12, C. I. T. Road, Scheme - VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Sourav
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Panja
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P 1/12, C. I. T. Road, Scheme - VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Tapasree
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Basu
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P 1/12, C. I. T. Road, Scheme - VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India.
authors.forename: Anil Khushalrao
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Shendge
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P 1/12, C. I. T. Road, Scheme - VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India. mandaln@rediffmail.com.
authors.forename: Nripendranath
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mandal
mesh_terms: D027926:Anacardiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006027:Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019190:Iron Overload / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D006027:Glycosides; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Antioxidant; Hepatic damage; Histopathology; Iron chelation; Phytochemicals; Serum enzymes