title: Identification of Methylated Dithioarsenicals in the Urine of Rats Fed with Sodium Arsenite.
abstract: Biotransformation of inorganic arsenic results in the formation of methylarsenicals of both oxygen and sulfur analogues. Aiming to improve our understanding of metabolism of inorganic arsenic in animals, we conducted an animal feeding study with an emphasis on identifying new arsenic metabolites. Female F344 rats were given 0, 1, 10, 25, 50, and 100 μg/g of arsenite (iAs(III)) in the diet. Arsenic species in rat urine were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation and inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI MS/MS) detection. Nine arsenic species were detected in the urine of the iAs(III)-dosed rats. Seven of these arsenic species were consistent with previous reports, including iAs(III), arsenate, monomethyarsonic acid, dimethylarsinic acid, trimethylarsine oxide, monomethylmonothioarsonic acid, and dimethylmonothioarsinic acid. Two new methyldithioarsencals, monomethyldithioarsonic acid (MMDTA(V)) and dimethyldithioarsinic acid (DMDTA(V)), were identified for the first time in the urine of rats treated with iAs(III). The concentrations of both MMDTA(V) and DMDTA(V) in rat urine were dependent on the dosage of iAs(III) in diet. The concentration of DMDTA(V) was approximately 5 times higher than that of MMDTA(V). MMDTA(V) has not been identified in any biological samples of animals, and DMDTA(V) has not been reported as a metabolite of inorganic arsenic in the rats. The identification of novel methylated dithioarsenicals as metabolites of inorganic arsenic in the rat urine provided further insights into the understanding of the metabolism of arsenic.
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China.|Analytical and Environmental Toxicology Division, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada.|South China Sea Resource Exploitation and Protection Collaborative Innovation Center, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Baowei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Analytical and Environmental Toxicology Division, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada.
authors.forename: Xiufen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3135, United States.
authors.forename: Lora L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3135, United States.
authors.forename: Samuel M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.affiliation: Analytical and Environmental Toxicology Division, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada.
authors.forename: X Chris
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Le
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000652:urine*; D018053:Arsenites / Q000633:toxicity*; D002101:Cacodylic Acid / Q000652:urine*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D017670:Sodium Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
chemical_list: D001152:Arsenicals; D018053:Arsenites; D017670:Sodium Compounds; C552934:monomethylmonothioarsonic acid; C017947:sodium arsenite; D002101:Cacodylic Acid