title: Prevalence of chronic kidney disease after preeclampsia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Preeclampsia (PE), an endothelial disease that affects kidney function during pregnancy, is correlated to an increased future risk of cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease. The Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2012 guideline emphasizes the combined role of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and albuminuria in determining the frequency of monitoring of kidney function.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this study we evaluated the prevalence of CKD in women with a history of PE. We investigated how many seemingly healthy women required monitoring of kidney function according to the KDIGO guideline.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 775 primiparous women with a history of PE. They were at least 4 months postpartum, and had no pre-existing hypertension, diabetes or kidney disease. We estimated GFR by the CKD-Epidemiology equation and urinary albumin loss by albumin creatinine ratio in a 24-h urine collection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most women, 669 (86.3 %), had a normal GFR and absent albuminuria. Based on the KDIGO guideline, 13.7 % would require at least yearly monitoring of kidney function. Only 1.4 % were classified to be at high risk for kidney function deterioration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Monitoring of kidney function seems relevant for about one in seven women with a history of PE, mainly due to albuminuria. Albuminuria should be evaluated postpartum to identify those women that need further monitoring of kidney function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Center, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands. v.lopesvanbalen@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Veronica Agatha
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8323-8596
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Lopes van Balen
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Center, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Julia Jeltje
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Spaan
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cornelis
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Center, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marc Erich August
authors.initials: MEA
authors.lastname: Spaanderman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: KDIGO criteria; Kidney function; Postpartum; Preeclampsia