title: Characterization and development mechanism of Apios americana tuber starch.
abstract: Apios americana is a wild legume-bearing plant with edible tubers. Domestication of Apios is in progress because of the superior nutritional value and health benefits of the tuber. Objectives of this study were to: (1) characterize physicochemical properties of the Apios tuber starch; and (2) understand differences in starch structures and properties between the mother (seed) and child (progeny) tubers and the mechanism of starch development. Granules of the Apios tuber starch displayed ellipsoidal, rod, or kidney shape with diameter ranges of 1-30μm. The mother tuber starches displayed greater percentage crystallinity, larger gelatinization enthalpy-changes, longer branch-chain lengths of amylopectin, and lower pasting viscosity than their counterpart child tuber starches. The mother tuber starch of Apios 2127 displayed distinct two peaks of gelatinization, which were attributed to starch granules located at different regions of the tuber having different structures and properties. The mother tuber displayed more active starch biosynthesis in the periphery than in the center of the tuber.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
authors.forename: Hanyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yangcheng
authors.affiliation: Interdepartmental Genetics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Belamkar
authors.affiliation: USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, and Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
authors.forename: Steven B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Cannon
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA. Electronic address: jjane@iastate.edu.
authors.forename: Jay-Lin
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Jane
mesh_terms: D000688:Amylose / Q000032:analysis; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000378:metabolism; D035281:Plant Tubers / Q000378:metabolism; D013213:Starch / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D013213:Starch; D000688:Amylose
keywords: Apios; Child tuber; Double thermal-transition; Mother tuber; Starch