title: Polymorphisms in stearoyl coa desaturase and sterol regulatory element binding protein interact with N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake to modify associations with anthropometric variables and metabolic phenotypes in Yup'ik people.
abstract: n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) intake is associated with protection from obesity; however, the mechanisms of protection remain poorly characterized. The stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD), insulin-sensitive glucose transporter (SLC2A4), and sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBF1) genes are transcriptionally regulated by n-3 PUFA intake and harbor polymorphisms associated with obesity. The present study investigated how consumption of n-3 PUFA modifies associations between SCD, SLC2A4, and SREBF1 polymorphisms and anthropometric variables and metabolic phenotypes.
  
  
  
  Anthropometric variables and metabolic phenotypes were measured in a cross-sectional sample of Yup'ik individuals (n = 1135) and 33 polymorphisms were tested for main effects and interactions using linear models that account for familial correlations. n-3 PUFA intake was estimated using red blood cell nitrogen stable isotope ratios. SCD polymorphisms were associated with ApoA1 concentration and n-3 PUFA interactions with SCD polymorphisms were associated with reduced fasting cholesterol levels and waist-to-hip ratio. SLC2A4 polymorphisms were associated with hip circumference, high-density lipoprotein and ApoA1 concentrations. SREBF1 polymorphisms were associated with low-density lipoprotein and HOMA-IR and n-3 PUFA interactions were associated with reduced fasting insulin and HOMA-IR levels.
  
  
  
  The results suggest that an individual's genotype may interact with dietary n-3 PUFAs in ways that are associated with protection from obesity-related diseases in Yup'ik people.
authors.affiliation: Center for Alaska Native Health Research, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA.|Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Dominick J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lemas
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Yann C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Klimentidis
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
authors.forename: Stella
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aslibekyan
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
authors.forename: Howard W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Wiener
authors.affiliation: Center for Alaska Native Health Research, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA.
authors.forename: Diane M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.affiliation: Center for Alaska Native Health Research, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA.
authors.forename: Scarlett E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hopkins
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.|Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Kimber L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Stanhope
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.|Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Havel
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Section on Statistical Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.|Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.|Office of Energetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Allison
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.|Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
authors.forename: Jose R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Section on Statistical Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
authors.forename: Hemant K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.affiliation: Center for Alaska Native Health Research, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA.
authors.forename: Bert B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Boyer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000413:Alaska / Q000208:ethnology; D000886:Anthropometry; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics; D004032:Diet; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4 / Q000235:genetics; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000235:genetics*; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D002784:Cholesterol; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; C505693:APOA1 protein, human; C495692:SLC2A4 protein, human; C497387:SREBF1 protein, human
keywords: Alaska Native; BMI; Gene-by-environment interactions; n-3 PUFA