title: Study on chemotaxis and chemokinesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in hydrogel-based 3D microfluidic devices.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Controlling the fate of mesenchymal stems cells (MSCs) including proliferation, migration and differentiation has recently been studied by many researchers in the tissue engineering field. Especially, recruitment of stem cells to injury sites is the first and crucial step in tissue regeneration. Although significant progress has been made in the chemotactic migration of MSCs, MSC migration in three dimensional environments remains largely unknown. We developed a 3D hydrogel-based microfluidic-device to study the migration behavior of human MSCs in the presence of stromal-cell derived factor-1α (SDF-1α), interleukin 8 (IL-8) and Substance P (SP) which have been utilized as chemoattractant candidates of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We systematically investigated the chemotactic migration behaviors of hMSCs and their responses to SDF-1α, IL-8, and SP. SDF-1α was shown to be the most fascinating chemoattractant candidate among those factors at a certain time point. We also found that each chemokine showed different chemoattractant abilities according to their concentration. In the case of SP, this factor showed chemokinesis not chemotaxis. Especially at a 7-8 × 10(-8) M concentration range, the chemokinesis ability driven by SP was further increased. The data suggest that some factors at the optimal concentration exhibit chemokinesis or chemotaxis in a 3D hydrogel-based microfluidic device.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study on chemotaxis and chemokinesis of hMSCs, the system parameters such as chemokine concentration, system stability, and 2D or 3D microenvironment are critically important to obtain meaningful results.
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea ; Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dayoung
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Program in Nanoscience and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyerim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eojin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min Hee
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seok
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hojeong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Cheol-Hee
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.affiliation: Program in Nanoscience and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea ; Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kangwon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
keywords: Chemokinesis; Chemotaxis; Mesenchymal stem cells; Microfluidic device