title: Abdominal wall regenerative medicine for a large defect using tissue engineering: an experimental study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Treatment for a large abdominal wall defect remains challenging. The aim of this study was to optimize tissue engineering therapy of muscle constructs using a rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental abdominal wall defects were created in Wister rats. The animal model was divided into three groups: collagen sponge (CS), hybrid scaffold (HS) and hybrid scaffold containing bone marrow liquid (HSBM). Hybrid scaffolds comprised collagen sponge and poly L-lactide (PLLA) sheets. Abdominal wall defects were covered by three kinds of sheets. Thereafter, the bone marrow liquid was spread onto the sheets. Rats were killed at 4, 8, and 16 weeks. Pathological examinations were performed using hematoxylin-eosin and desmin antibody staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CS group showed abdominal hernia, whereas the HS and HSBM groups did not. Vascular formation was confirmed in all groups. Muscle tissue was recognized at the marginal area of the sheet only in the HSBM group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The HS and HSBM groups show a greater intensity than the CS group. Muscle tissue regeneration is solely recognized in the HSBM group. Our experimental data suggest that the triad of scaffold, cell, and growth factor is fundamental for ideal biomaterials. The HSBM may be useful for reconstruction of abdominal wall defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuhigashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaji
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakame
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
authors.forename: Motoi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
authors.forename: Waka
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
authors.forename: Shun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Onishi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takamatsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Field in Medical and Health Sciences, Medical and Dental Area, Research and Education Assembly, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan. sieiri@m.kufm.kagoshima-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ieiri
mesh_terms: D034861:Abdominal Wall / Q000601:surgery*; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003094:Collagen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D046449:Hernia, Abdominal / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D011091:Polyesters / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D044968:Regenerative Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011091:Polyesters; C033616:poly(lactide); D003094:Collagen
keywords: Bone marrow liquid; Gastroschisis; Omphalocele; Poly L-lactide; Regenerative medicine; Tissue engineering