title: SWATH acquisition mode for drug metabolism and metabolomics investigations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment-ion spectra (SWATH) has recently emerged as a powerful high resolution mass spectrometric data independent acquisition technique. In the present work, the potential and challenges of an integrated strategy based on LC-SWATH/MS for simultaneous drug metabolism and metabolomics studies was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  The richness of SWATH data allows numerous data analysis approaches, including: detection of metabolites by prediction; metabolite detection by mass defect filtering; quantification from high-resolution MS precursor chromatograms or fragment chromatograms. Multivariate analysis can be applied to the data from the full scan or SWATH windows and allows changes in endogenous metabolites as well as xenobiotic metabolites, to be detected. Principal component variable grouping detects intersample variable correlation and groups variables with similar profiles which simplifies interpretation and highlights related ions and fragments. Principal component variable grouping can extract product ion spectra from the data collected by fragmenting a wide precursor ion window.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was possible to characterize 28 vinpocetine metabolites in urine, mostly mono- and di-hydroxylated forms, and detect endogenous metabolite expression changes in urine after the administration of a single dose of a model drug (vinpocetine) to rats.
authors.affiliation: Ron Bonner Consulting, Newmarket, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bonner
authors.affiliation: Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry, Department of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hopfgartner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D051381:Rats; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine*; D014748:Vinca Alkaloids / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D014748:Vinca Alkaloids; C013983:vinpocetine
keywords: LC–MS; SWATH; high-resolution MS; metabolism; metabolomics; multivariate analysis