title: Lights and shadows of bone augmentation in severe resorbed mandible in combination with implant dentistry.
abstract: Edentulous mandible frequently undergoes severe bone atrophy with problems of prosthetic instability. Instability of the lower denture may cause difficulties with eating and speech, ulcerations of the oral mucosa for lower denture trauma, loss of facial vertical dimension. These problems may be solved by bone augmentation of severe resorption of edentulous mandible. The aim of this short review is to describe surgical techniques for bone augmentation of the severe resorption of edentulous mandible. In this paper, we define a severe resorption of edentulous mandible as a mandibular height in the symphyseal area of 12 mm or less as measured on a standardized lateral cephalogram. Bone grafts and distraction osteogenesis have allowed improving implantology from an experimental to a consolidate dental procedure. It is currently a valuable treatment modality in the prosthetic treatment of severe resorption of edentulous mandible. Numerous techniques have been developed for the rehabilitation of edentulous mandible with fixed or removable mandibular dentures. Today, the options for the restoration of the severe resorption of edentulous mandible with implants can be categorized as follows: insertion of short and narrow implants and a fixed or removable prosthesis; augmentation of the bone with the use of distraction osteogenesis or grafting procedures in combination with the insertion of dental implants loaded with fixed or removable prosthesis; placement of a transosteal dental implants supporting a denture.
authors.affiliation: Maxillo-Facial and Dental Unit, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baj
authors.affiliation: Private practice, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sollazzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lauritano
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Candotto
authors.affiliation: Maxillo-Facial and Dental Unit, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Mancini
authors.affiliation: Maxillo-Facial and Dental Unit, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Gianni
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D003757:Dental Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D006801:Humans; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants