title: Matrix metalloproteinases in exercise and obesity.
abstract: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc- and calcium-dependent endoproteinases that have the ability to break down extracellular matrix. The large range of MMPs' functions widens their spectrum of potential role as activators or inhibitors in tissue remodeling, cardiovascular diseases, and obesity. In particular, MMP-1, -2, and -9 may be associated with exercise and obesity. Thus, the current study reviewed the effects of different types of exercise (resistance and aerobic) on MMP-1, -2, and -9. Previous studies report that the response of MMP-2 and -9 to resistance exercise is dependent upon the length of exercise training, since long-term resistance exercise training increased both MMP-2 and -9, whereas acute bout of resistance exercise decreased these MMPs. Aerobic exercise produces an inconsistent result on MMPs, although some studies showed a decrease in MMP-1. Obesity is related to a relatively lower level of MMP-9, indicating that an exercise-induced increase in MMP-9 may positively influence obesity. A comprehensive understanding of the relationship between exercise, obesity, and MMPs does not exist yet. Future studies examining the acute and chronic responses of these MMPs using different subject models may provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that are associated with exercise, obesity, and cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jaoude
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Yunsuk
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017364:Collagenases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D053505:Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted / Q000378:metabolism*; D009765:Obesity / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D017364:Collagenases; D053505:Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1
keywords: TIMP; cardiovascular disease; collagenases; gelatinases