title: Sulfotyrosine dipeptide: Synthesis and evaluation as HIV-entry inhibitor.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is responsible for the worldwide AIDS pandemic. Due to the lack of prophylactic HIV-1 vaccine, drug treatment of the infected patients becomes essential to reduce the viral load and to slow down progression of the disease. Because of drug resistance, finding new antiviral agents is necessary for AIDS drug therapies. The interaction of gp120 and co-receptor (CCR5/CXCR4) mediates the entry of HIV-1 into host cells, which has been increasingly exploited in recent years as the target for new antiviral agents. A conserved co-receptor binding site on gp120 that recognizes sulfotyrosine (sTyr) residues represents a structural target to design novel HIV entry inhibitors. In this work, we developed an efficient synthesis of sulfotyrosine dipeptide and evaluated it as an HIV-1 entry inhibitor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.affiliation: Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States.
authors.forename: Duoyi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States. Electronic address: sxiang2@unl.edu.
authors.forename: Shi-Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States. Electronic address: jguo4@unl.edu.
authors.forename: Jiantao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D062105:Molecular Docking Simulation; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D004151:Dipeptides; C005662:tyrosine O-sulfate; D014443:Tyrosine
keywords: Antiviral therapy; HIV entry inhibitor; Protein sulfation; Sulfopeptide; Sulfotyrosine; Sulfotyrosine dipeptide; gp120