title: Correction of penile ventral curvature in patients with minor or no hypospadias: a single surgeon's experience of 43 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report our experience of correcting penile ventral curvature associated with minor or no hypospadias.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed 43 penile ventral curvature patients treated by a single surgeon from 1997 to 2015. Of these, 23 had minor hypospadias. Curvature was corrected using degloving, chordectomy, dorsal plication (DP), tunica albuginea incision (TAI), or a combination of these. Outcome was confirmed by induced artificial erection and post-operative appearance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age at curvature correction was 3.2 ± 2.6 years. 17/43 had degloving and chordectomy (DC), 16/43 had DP after DC, and 10/43 had TAI after DC, because of ventral shortening and severe curvature caused by a short hypoplastic urethra. Other procedures required were primary meatoplasty (n = 4) and urethroplasty (UP; n = 1) at the time of curvature correction, and UP after correction of curvature (n = 11). Complications included recurrence of curvature after DP (n = 3/16; 18.8 %) and urethral stenosis after UP with tubed peritoneum (n = 1/10; 10 %). There were no recurrences of curvature in TAI cases. Parents reported penile cosmesis as good (n = 38; 88.4 %), acceptable (n = 4; 9.3 %), or poor (n = 1; 2.3 %).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We recommend TAI followed by UP for correcting penile ventral curvature with short hypoplastic urethra. Tubed peritoneum is not recommended for UP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric General and Urogenital Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. sseo@juntendo.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Shogo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric General and Urogenital Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ochi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric General and Urogenital Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuta
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yazaki
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric General and Urogenital Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric General and Urogenital Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okawada
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric General and Urogenital Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric General and Urogenital Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
authors.forename: Go
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Miyano
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric General and Urogenital Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric General and Urogenital Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
authors.forename: Geoffrey J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric General and Urogenital Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsuyuki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamataka
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D010413:Penis / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Dorsal plication; Hypospadias; Penile ventral curvature; Tunica albuginea incision; Tunica vaginalis flap