title: Nonablative radiofrequency treatment for the skin in the eye area - clinical and cutometrical analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the research was to evaluate skin elasticity and reduction in the aging eye area after using a nonablative radiofrequency treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 23 patients, aged 34-58 years with Fitzpatrick skin type II and III. They received five treatment sessions with a nonablative radiofrequency in 1-week intervals. Biomechanical properties of the skin were measured using Cutometer. A photodocumentation was used to compare changes before and after the series of treatment sessions. Additionally, the patients filled in a questionnaire in which they were asked to make a self-evaluation of the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cutometrical analysis showed improvement of skin elasticity. Changes in the measurements of R2 and R6 parameters indicate that the statistical significance level is mostly P < 0.0001 for the differences in the measurements. The comparison of clinical changes in the therapy, based on photodocumentation, showed a 33.26% improvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This treatment was used to improve skin tightness and decrease the amount and depth of wrinkles. It is a noninvasive treatment, with low risk of complications. The cutometrical measurements seem to be useful to assess improvement of elasticity of the skin after cosmetology or esthetic dermatology treatments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cosmetology and Aesthetic Dermatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lódź, Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Augustyniak
authors.affiliation: Department of Cosmetology and Aesthetic Dermatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lódź, Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rotsztejn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000528:radiation effects; D059026:Diagnostic Self Evaluation; D004548:Elasticity / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005123:Eye; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010781:Photography; D000078702:Radiofrequency Therapy; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000528:radiation effects*; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Cutometer; eye area; nonablative radiofrequency; skin aging; skin elasticity; wrinkles