title: (1)H NMR metabolomic study of auxotrophic starvation in yeast using Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares for Pathway Analysis.
abstract: Disruption of specific metabolic pathways constitutes the mode of action of many known toxicants and it is responsible for the adverse phenotypes associated to human genetic defects. Conversely, many industrial applications rely on metabolic alterations of diverse microorganisms, whereas many therapeutic drugs aim to selectively disrupt pathogens' metabolism. In this work we analyzed metabolic changes induced by auxotrophic starvation conditions in yeast in a non-targeted approach, using one-dimensional proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy ((1)H NMR) and chemometric analyses. Analysis of the raw spectral datasets showed specific changes linked to the different stages during unrestricted yeast growth, as well as specific changes linked to each of the four tested starvation conditions (L-methionine, L-histidine, L-leucine and uracil). Analysis of changes in concentrations of more than 40 metabolites by Multivariate Curve Resolution - Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) showed the normal progression of key metabolites during lag, exponential and stationary unrestricted growth phases, while reflecting the metabolic blockage induced by the starvation conditions. In this case, different metabolic intermediates accumulated over time, allowing identification of the different metabolic pathways specifically affected by each gene disruption. This synergy between NMR metabolomics and molecular biology may have clear implications for both genetic diagnostics and drug development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Francesc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Puig-Castellví
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modelling, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Alfonso
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Piña
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Romà
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tauler
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism*; D014498:Uracil / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D014498:Uracil