title: Recent traction methods for endoscopic submucosal dissection.
abstract: Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is problematic with regard to en bloc and curable resection rates. Advancements in endoscopic techniques have enabled novel endoscopic approaches such as endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), which has overcome some EMR problems, and has become the standard treatment for gastrointestinal tumors. However, ESD is technically difficult. Procedure time is longer and complications such as intraoperative perforation and bleeding occur more frequently than in EMR. Recently various traction methods have been introduced to facilitate ESD procedures, such as clip with line, external forceps, clip and snare, internal traction, double scope, and magnetic anchor. Each method must be used appropriately according to the anatomical characteristics. In this review we discuss recently proposed traction methods for ESD based on the characteristics of various anatomical sites.
authors.affiliation: Kunihiro Tsuji, Naohiro Yoshida, Hiroyoshi Nakanishi, Kenichi Takemura, Shinya Yamada, Hisashi Doyama, Department of Gastroenterology, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8530, Japan.
authors.forename: Kunihiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.affiliation: Kunihiro Tsuji, Naohiro Yoshida, Hiroyoshi Nakanishi, Kenichi Takemura, Shinya Yamada, Hisashi Doyama, Department of Gastroenterology, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8530, Japan.
authors.forename: Naohiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Kunihiro Tsuji, Naohiro Yoshida, Hiroyoshi Nakanishi, Kenichi Takemura, Shinya Yamada, Hisashi Doyama, Department of Gastroenterology, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8530, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.affiliation: Kunihiro Tsuji, Naohiro Yoshida, Hiroyoshi Nakanishi, Kenichi Takemura, Shinya Yamada, Hisashi Doyama, Department of Gastroenterology, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8530, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takemura
authors.affiliation: Kunihiro Tsuji, Naohiro Yoshida, Hiroyoshi Nakanishi, Kenichi Takemura, Shinya Yamada, Hisashi Doyama, Department of Gastroenterology, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8530, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Kunihiro Tsuji, Naohiro Yoshida, Hiroyoshi Nakanishi, Kenichi Takemura, Shinya Yamada, Hisashi Doyama, Department of Gastroenterology, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8530, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Doyama
mesh_terms: D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D000069916:Endoscopic Mucosal Resection / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D061646:Operative Time; D010610:Pharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D014143:Traction / Q000379:methods*
keywords: Colorectal cancer; Endoscopic submucosal dissection; Esophageal cancer; Gastric cancer; Pharyngeal cancer; Traction