title: Anti-neuro-inflammatory effects of Nardostachys chinensis in lipopolysaccharide-and lipoteichoic acid-stimulated microglial cells.
abstract: Excessive microglial cell activation is related to the progression of chronic neuro-inflammatory disorders. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression mediated by the NFE2-related factor (Nrf-2) pathway is a key regulator of neuro-inflammation. Nardostachys chinensis is used as an anti-malarial, anti-nociceptive, and neurotrophic treatment in traditional Asian medicines. In the present study, we examined the effects of an ethyl acetate extract of N. chinensis (EN) on the anti-neuro-inflammatory effects mediated by HO-1 up-regulation in Salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or Staphylococcus aureus lipoteichoic acid (LTA)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. Our results indicated that EN suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokine production and induced HO-1 transcription and translation through Nrf-2/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling. EN markedly inhibited LPS- and LTA-induced activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) as well as phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT). Furthermore, EN protected hippocampal HT22 cells from indirect neuronal toxicity mediated by LPS- and LTA-treated microglial cells. These results suggested that EN impairs LPS- and LTA-induced neuro-inflammatory responses in microglial cells and confers protection against indirect neuronal damage to HT22 cells. In conclusion, our findings indicate that EN could be used as a natural anti-neuro-inflammatory and neuroprotective agent.
authors.affiliation: Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Sun Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Hun
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea; Department of Nanomaterials Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea. Electronic address: gtpark@pusan.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Geuntae
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000009:adverse effects; D017628:Microglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D032404:Nardostachys / Q000737:chemistry*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013682:Teichoic Acids / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013682:Teichoic Acids; C009900:lipoteichoic acid; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
keywords: Anti-inflammation; Heme oxygenase-1; Lipopolysaccharide; Lipoteichoic acid; Nardostachys chinensis