title: Platelet aggregation promoted by biofilms of oral bacteria and the effect of mouth rinses in vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to observe platelet aggregation promoted by biofilms of Streptococcus sanguinis and Porphyromonas gingivalis and to evaluate the effect of two different mouth rinses on this process.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the first experiment, the same amount of S. sanguinis, P. gingivalis, and the S. sanguinis + P. gingivalis mixed solution was added to an equivalent amount of platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Aggregation was measured using a recording platelet aggregometer. In the second experiment, S. sanguinis, P. gingivalis, S sanguinis + P. gingivalis mixed solutions were pretreated with either Listerine antiseptic mouth rinse or Xipayi mouth rinse for 3 minutes, 6 minutes, and 10 minutes, respectively. The same amount of solution was added to the PRP, and the inhibition of aggregation was measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the first experiment, S. sanguinis and P. gingivalis were able to induce platelet aggregation. The aggregation rate of S. sanguinis + P. gingivalis was significantly lower than that of either S. sanguinis or P. gingivalis. In the second experiment, when S. sanguinis, P. gingivalis, and the S. sanguinis + P. gingivalis mixed solutions were pretreated with Listerine antiseptic mouth rinse for 3 minutes and Xipayi mouth rinse for 10 minutes, there was no significant platelet aggregation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Platelets could adhere to S. sanguinis or P. gingivalis, but when S. sanguinis was mixed with P. gingivalis, the aggregation rate was reduced significantly. Treatment with Listerine antiseptic mouth rinse or Xipayi mouth rinse inhibited the ability of the bacteria to induce platelet aggregation.
authors.affiliation: Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. tuyan1984@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: Yadong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chongyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D006801:Humans; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology*; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects*; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local