title: The prevalence of urinary tract infection, or urosepsis following transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy in a subset of the Saudi population and patterns of susceptibility to flouroquinolones.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTI), or sepsis secondary to trans-rectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) biopsy of the prostate, the pathogens involved, and patterns of antibiotic resistance in a cohort of patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a descriptive study of a consecutive cohort of patients who underwent elective TRUS biopsy at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between January 2012 and December 2014. All patients who underwent the TRUS guided prostate biopsy were prescribed the standard prophylactic antibiotics. Variables included were patients' demographics, type of antibiotic prophylaxis, results of biopsy, the rate of UTI, and urosepsis with the type of pathogen(s) involved and its/their antimicrobial sensitivity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Simple descriptive statistics were used in a total of 139 consecutive patients. Urosepsis requiring hospital admission was encountered in 7 (5%) patients and uncomplicated UTI was observed in 4 (2.8%). The most common pathogens were Escherichia coli (90.1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.1%). Resistance to the routinely used prophylaxis (ciprofloxacin) was observed in 10 of these patients (90.9%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This showed an increase in the rate of infectious complications after TRUS prostate biopsy. Ciprofloxacin resistance was found in 90.9% of patients with no sepsis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail. sultan.alkhateeb@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Sultan S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: AlKhateeb
authors.forename: Nayf A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: AlShammari
authors.forename: Mohand A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: AlZughaibi
authors.forename: Yahya G
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Ghazwani
authors.forename: Khalid A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Alrabeeah
authors.forename: Nasser M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Albqami
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000379:methods; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000009:adverse effects; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin