title: Divergent shifts in lipid mediator profile following supplementation with n-3 docosapentaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid.
abstract: In contrast to the well-characterized effects of specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs) derived from eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), little is known about the metabolic fate of the intermediary long-chain (LC) n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) docosapentaenoic acid (DPA). In this double blind crossover study, shifts in circulating levels of n-3 and n-6 PUFA-derived bioactive lipid mediators were quantified by an unbiased liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry lipidomic approach. Plasma was obtained from human subjects before and after 7 d of supplementation with pure n-3 DPA, n-3 EPA or placebo (olive oil). DPA supplementation increased the SPM resolvin D5n-3DPA(RvD5n-3DPA) and maresin (MaR)-1, the DHA vicinal diol 19,20-dihydroxy-DPA and n-6 PUFA derived 15-keto-PG E2(15-keto-PGE2). EPA supplementation had no effect on any plasma DPA or DHA derived mediators, but markedly elevated monohydroxy-eicosapentaenoic acids (HEPEs), including the e-series resolvin (RvE) precursor 18-HEPE; effects not observed with DPA supplementation. These data show that dietary n-3 DPA and EPA have highly divergent effects on human lipid mediator profile, with no overlap in PUFA metabolites formed. The recently uncovered biologic activity of n-3 DPA docosanoids and their marked modulation by dietary DPA intake reveals a unique and specific role of n-3 DPA in human physiology.-Markworth, J. F., Kaur, G., Miller, E. G., Larsen, A. E., Sinclair, A. J., Maddipati, K. R., Cameron-Smith, D. Divergent shifts in lipid mediator profile following supplementation with n-3 docosapentaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid.
authors.affiliation: Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Markworth
authors.affiliation: Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Gunveen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.affiliation: Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Eliza G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Amy E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Sinclair
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Lipidomics Core Facility, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA; and.|Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Krishna Rao
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Maddipati
authors.affiliation: Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cameron-Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; C026219:docosapentaenoic acid
keywords: eicosanoids; fish oil; inflammation; lipidomics; omega-3 fatty acids