title: Chemoprophylaxis With Oral Emtricitabine and Tenofovir Alafenamide Combination Protects Macaques From Rectal Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.
abstract: Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is a novel prodrug of tenofovir that efficiently delivers tenofovir diphosphate to lymphoid cells following oral administration. We investigated whether the combination of TAF and emtricitabine (FTC) could prevent simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) infection in macaques to determine the potential use of TAF for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent human immunodeficiency virus infection. Macaques were exposed rectally to SHIV once per week for up to 19 weeks and received saline or FTC/TAF 24 hours before and 2 hours after each virus inoculation. All 6 controls were infected, while the 6 PrEP-treated animals were protected from infection. Our results support the clinical investigation of FTC/TAF for PrEP.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Massud
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.affiliation: Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California.
authors.forename: Darius
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Babusis
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Deyounks
authors.affiliation: Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California.
authors.forename: Adrian S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.affiliation: Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California.
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Rooney
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: Walid
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Heneine
authors.affiliation: Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
authors.forename: J Gerardo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: García-Lerma
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000409:Alanine; D000818:Animals; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018890:Chemoprevention / Q000379:methods*; D000068679:Emtricitabine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008251:Macaca; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000068698:Tenofovir / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000068698:Tenofovir; C442442:tenofovir alafenamide; D000068679:Emtricitabine; D000225:Adenine; D000409:Alanine
keywords: Preexposure prophylaxis; macaques, SHIV; tenofovir alafenamide