title: Chondroitin sulfate-capped super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as potential carriers of doxorubicin hydrochloride.
abstract: Chondroitin-4-sulfate (CS), a glycosaminoglycan, was used to prepare CS-capped super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, which were further employed for loading a water-soluble chemotherapeutic agent (doxorubicin hydrochloride, DOX). CS-capped SPIONs have potential biomedical application in cancer targeting. The optimized formulation had a hydrodynamic size of 91.2±0.8nm (PDI; 0.228±0.004) and zeta potential of -49.1±1.66mV. DOX was loaded onto the formulation up to 2% (w/w) by physical interaction with CS. TEM showed nano-sized particles having a core-shell structure. XRD confirmed crystal phase of iron oxide. FT-IR conceived the interaction of iron oxide with CS as bidentate chelation and also confirmed DOX loading. Vibration sample magnetometry confirmed super-paramagnetic nature of nanoparticles, with saturation magnetization of 0.238emug(-1). In vitro release profile at pH 7.4 showed that 96.67% of DOX was released within 24h (first order kinetics). MTT assay in MCF7 cells showed significantly higher (p<0.0001) cytotoxicity for DOX in SPIONs than DOX solution (IC50 values 6.294±0.4169 and 11.316±0.1102μgmL(-1), respectively).
authors.affiliation: Nanoformulation Research Lab., Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India. Electronic address: nehamallick.sch@jamiahamdard.ac.in.
authors.forename: Neha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mallick
authors.affiliation: Nanoformulation Research Lab., Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India. Electronic address: md.anwar2008@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anwar
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, IIT Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. Electronic address: mdasfer@iitk.ac.in.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asfer
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India. Electronic address: saeedimam@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Syed Hassan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Mehdi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India. Electronic address: mrizvi@jmi.ac.in.
authors.forename: Mohammed Moshahid Alam
authors.initials: MMA
authors.lastname: Rizvi
authors.affiliation: Product Development Cell-II, National Institute of Immunology, Delhi, India. Electronic address: amulya@nii.res.in.
authors.forename: Amulya Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Panda
authors.affiliation: Nanoformulation Research Lab., Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India. Electronic address: stalegaonkar@jamiahamdard.ac.in.
authors.forename: Sushama
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Talegaonkar
authors.affiliation: Nanoformulation Research Lab., Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India. Electronic address: fjahmad@jamiahamdard.ac.in.
authors.forename: Farhan Jalees
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D065546:Drug Liberation; D006801:Humans; D061986:MCF-7 Cells; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010316:Particle Size; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D004317:Doxorubicin; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates
keywords: Box-Behnken design; Chondroitin sulfate; Chondroitin sulfate A (PubChem CID: 53477710); Doxorubicin; Doxorubicin hydrochloride (PubChem CID: 443939); Drug loading; Glycosaminoglycan; Super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle