title: Noninvasive Facial Rejuvenation. Part 3: Physician-Directed-Lasers, Chemical Peels, and Other Noninvasive Modalities.
abstract: A proper knowledge of noninvasive facial rejuvenation is integral to the practice of a cosmetic surgeon. Noninvasive facial rejuvenation can be divided into patient- versus physician-directed modalities. Patient-directed facial rejuvenation combines the use of facial products such as sunscreen, moisturizers, retinoids, α-hydroxy acids, and various antioxidants to both maintain youthful skin and rejuvenate damaged skin. Physicians may recommend and often prescribe certain products, but patients are in control with this type of facial rejuvenation. On the other hand, physician-directed facial rejuvenation entails modalities that require direct physician involvement, such as neuromodulators, filler injections, laser resurfacing, microdermabrasion, and chemical peels. With the successful integration of each of these modalities, a complete facial regimen can be established and patient satisfaction can be maximized. This article is the last in a three-part series describing noninvasive facial rejuvenation. Here the authors review the mechanism, indications, and possible complications of lasers, chemical peels, and other commonly used noninvasive modalities.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Jesse D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Meaike
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Nikhil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Edward I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Nigro Dermatology Group, Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: Marjory G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Nigro
keywords: chemical peel; laser; microdermabrasion; noninvasive facial rejuvenation