title: CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE RAPID ACCESS VITREAL INJECTION GUIDE: A Handheld Instrument for Assisting Intravitreal Injections.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Rapid Access Vitreal Injection (RAVI) guide combines the function of an eyelid speculum and measuring caliper into a single instrument for assisting intravitreal injections. This study clinically evaluated the RAVI guide with respect to patient acceptance, complication rates, and operative goals.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study was performed on 54 patients undergoing intravitreal injections using the RAVI guide (n = 32) or the speculum/caliper (n = 22). Device-related pain was assessed using the Wong-Baker scoring system, scaled from 0 (no pain) to 10 (agonizing pain).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean device-related pain score did not differ significantly between the 2 groups, with scores of 0.6 and 0.7 for the RAVI guide and speculum groups, respectively. The rate of significant pain (score of ≥2) was twice as high in the speculum group (7 of 22, 32%) compared with the RAVI guide group (5 of 32, 16%), but this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.19, Fisher's exact test). Operative goals of avoiding needle touch to lashes/lids and guiding needle insertion to the intended site were achieved in all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The RAVI guide appeared equivalent to the eyelid speculum in achieving operative goals, with similarly low pain scores. It has the potential for facilitating efficient, accurate, and safe intravitreal injections.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; †Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, and Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and ‡Retina Associates, PA, Shawnee Mission, Kansas.
authors.forename: Dennis P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Kaitlin C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: McKenney
authors.forename: Judy E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: David V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Weinberg
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Musch
authors.forename: Ravi S J
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies