title: Priority substances in sediments of the "Carska Bara" special nature reserve, a natural scientific research area on the UNESCO list.
abstract: Surface sediments were subject to systematic long-term monitoring (2002-2014) in the Republic of Serbia (Province of Vojvodina). Eight heavy metals (Ni, Zn, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, As and Hg), mineral oils (total petroleum hydrocarbons), 16 EPA PAHs, selected pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) were monitored. As part of this research, this paper presents a sediment contamination spatial and temporal trend study of diverse pollution sources and the ecological risk status of the alluvial sediments of Carska Bara at three representative sampling sites (S1S3), in order to establish the status of contamination and recommend substances of interest for more widespread future monitoring. Multivariate statistical methods including factor analysis of principal component analysis (PCA/FA), Pearson correlation and several synthetic indicators were used to evaluate the extent and origin of contamination (anthropogenic or natural, geogenic sources) and potential ecological risks. Hg, Cd, As, mineral oils and PAHs (dominated by dibenzo(a,h)anthracene and benzo(a)pyrene, contributing 85.7% of the total) are derived from several anthropogenic sources, whereas Ni, Cu, Cr and Zn are convincingly of geogenic origin, and exhibit dual origins. Cd and Hg significantly raise the levels of potential ecological risk for all sampling locations, demonstrating the effect of long-term bioaccumulation and biomagnification. Pb is isolated from the other parameters, implying unique sources. This research suggests four heavy metals (Zn, Cr, Cu and As) and dibenzo(a,h)anthracene be added to the list of priority pollutants within the context of the application of the European Water Framework Directive (WFD), in accordance with significant national and similar environmental data from countries in the region.
authors.affiliation: University of Novi Sad Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia. Electronic address: nenad.grba@dh.uns.ac.rs.
authors.forename: Nenad
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Grba
authors.affiliation: University of Novi Sad Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Dejan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Krčmar
authors.affiliation: University of Novi Sad Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Marijana Kragulj
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Isakovski
authors.affiliation: University of Novi Sad Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Jelena Molnar
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jazić
authors.affiliation: University of Novi Sad Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Snežana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maletić
authors.affiliation: University of Novi Sad Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Vesna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pešić
authors.affiliation: University of Novi Sad Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
authors.forename: Božo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dalmacija
mesh_terms: D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000737:chemistry*; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D055771:Serbia; D014480:United Nations; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Contamination criteria; Legislation; Multivariate statistical techniques; Priority substances in sediment