title: Effect of cadmium on phenolic compounds, antioxidant enzyme activity and oxidative stress in blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) plantlets grown in vitro.
abstract: Cadmium (Cd(2+)) can affect plant growth due to its mobility and toxicity. We evaluated the effects of Cd(2+) on the production of phenolic compounds and antioxidant response of Vaccinium corymbosum L. Plantlets were exposed to Cd(2+) at 50 and 100µM for 7, 14 and 21 days. Accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the antioxidant enzyme SOD was determined. The profile of phenolic compounds was evaluated using LC-MS. The antioxidant activity was measured using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the ferric reducing antioxidant power test (FRAP). Cd(2+) increased the content of MDA, with the highest increase at 14 days. The presence of Cd(2+) resulted in changes in phenolic compounds. The main phenolic compound found in blueberry plantlets was chlorogenic acid, whose abundance increased with the addition of Cd(2+) to the medium. The changes in the composition of phenolic compounds showed a positive correlation with the antioxidant activity measured using FRAP. Our results suggest that blueberry plantlets produced phenolic compounds with reducing capacity as a selective mechanism triggered by the highest activity of Cd(2+).
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Avenue B. O'Higgins, 3363 Santiago, Chile. Electronic address: karen.manquian@usach.cl.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Manquián-Cerda
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Avenue B. O'Higgins, 3363 Santiago, Chile; Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CEDENNA, 9170124 Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Escudey
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Avenue B. O'Higgins, 3363 Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zúñiga
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Avenue B. O'Higgins, 3363 Santiago, Chile; Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CEDENNA, 9170124 Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arancibia-Miranda
authors.affiliation: Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenue Santa María #6.400, Vitacura, Santiago 7660251, Chile.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Molina
authors.affiliation: Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CEDENNA, 9170124 Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cruces
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D029798:Blueberry Plants / Q000187:drug effects*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010636:Phenols / Q000378:metabolism*; D010851:Picrates; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D010636:Phenols; D010851:Picrates; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
keywords: Cadmium; Chlorogenic acid; LC-MS; MDA; Oxidative stress; Phenolic compounds