title: Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Presenting as Alzheimer's Disease in a Retired Soccer Player.
abstract: The relationship between soccer and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is not well established. We report clinicopathological correlations in an 83-year-old retired center-back soccer player, with no history of concussion, manifesting typical Alzheimer-type dementia. Examination revealed mixed pathology including widespread CTE, moderate Alzheimer's disease, hippocampal sclerosis, and TDP-43 proteinopathy. This case adds to a few CTE cases described in soccer players. Furthermore, it corroborates that CTE may present clinically as typical Alzheimer-type dementia. Further studies investigating the extent to which soccer is a risk for CTE are needed.
authors.affiliation: Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.|Department of Pathology - LIM-22, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.|Hospital Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lea T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Grinberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Anghinah
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology - LIM-22, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila Fernandes
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.affiliation: Institute of Radiology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edson
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Amaro
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatrics, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renata P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.affiliation: Institute of Radiology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria da Graça M
authors.initials: Mda G
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Human Genome Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Michel S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Naslavsky
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leonel T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.affiliation: Division of Geriatrics, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Wilson Jacob
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Filho
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology - LIM-22, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Pasqualucci
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nitrini
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D056352:Athletes; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000473:pathology; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D000070627:Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012598:Sclerosis / Q000473:pathology; D012916:Soccer / Q000293:injuries; D057177:TDP-43 Proteinopathies / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; autopsy; chronic post-traumatic encephalopathy; dementia; humans; soccer