title: Renal Angiomyolipoma: Mid- to Long-Term Results Following Embolization with Onyx.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Percutaneous transcatheter embolization is currently the preferred treatment for ruptured or enlarging renal angiomyolipoma (AML), although the optimum choice of embolic material has not yet been established. We present mid- to long-term outcomes following embolization of AMLs with Onyx.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten AMLs in seven patients (including two with tuberous sclerosis) were embolized with Onyx. Patients were followed-up clinically, with tumour size and renal function measured pre- and post-procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean pre-treatment AML size was 63.4 mm (range 42-100). Mean clinical follow-up was 431.4 days (range 153-986) and imaging follow-up 284.2 days (range 30-741). There was no haemorrhage from treated lesions within the follow-up period. Of patients who had cross-sectional imaging pre- and post-procedure, mean decrease in AML size of 22 mm was seen after Onyx embolization (p = 0.0058, 95 % CI 9.13-34.87). No significant difference between serum creatinine was seen pre- and post-procedure (p = 0.54, 95 % CI 8.63-4.85).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Onyx embolization of renal AMLs is effective in the medium to long term, with theoretical benefits in safety and durability of result.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK. narayanant@doctors.net.uk.
authors.forename: Narayanan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Thulasidasan
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
authors.forename: Srividhiya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sriskandakumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
authors.forename: Shahzad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ilyas
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
authors.forename: Tarun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sabharwal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018207:Angiomyolipoma / Q000628:therapy*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013635:Tantalum / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; C558446:Onyx 18; D011145:Polyvinyls; D013635:Tantalum
keywords: Angiomyolipoma; Arterial embolization; Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer; Onyx; Tuberous sclerosis