title: PERS&O (PERsistent Sitagliptin treatment & Outcomes): observational retrospective study on cardiovascular risk evolution in patients with type 2 diabetes on persistent sitagliptin treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Risk Engine (RE) provides the best risk estimates available for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), so it was applied to patients on persistent sitagliptin treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 'real-world' retrospective, observational, single-center study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed in a general hospital in Northern Italy in order: (1) to validate UKPDS RE in a cohort of Italian participants with T2D without prespecified diabetes duration, with/without cardiovascular (CV) disease, treated with sitagliptin; (2) to confirm CV risk gender difference; (3) to evaluate the effect on metabolic control and on CV risk evolution obtained by 'add-on' persistent sitagliptin treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sitagliptin 100 mg once a day was taken by 462 participants with T2D: 170 of them (males: 106; age: 63.6±8.8; T2D duration: 11.58±7.33; females: 64; age: 65.6±7.95; T2D duration 13.5±7.9) were treated for 48 months with the same dosage.
  
  
  METHODS
  An analysis of normality was performed both for continuous, and for groups variables on UKPDS RE percentage values, defining the requirement of a base log10 transformation to normalize risk factor values for analysis validation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The evaluation of CV risk evolution by gender (t-test) confirmed the expected statistical difference (p<0.0001). Sitagliptin obtained significant results after 12 months, and at the end of the observation, both on metabolic control (expressed by glycated hemoglobin) and on UKPDS RE. Analysis of variance test revealed a significant effect on CV risk after 12 months (p=0.003), and after 48 months (p=0.04). A bivariate correlation analysis revealed a correlation index (r)=0.2 between the two variables (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These 'real-world' data obtained applying UKPDS RE may reflect patients' and clinicians' interest in realizing individual CV risk, and its evolution. Sitagliptin-persistent treatment for a medium-long period obtained an improvement on metabolic control, as well as a reduction on CV risk.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Unit , Diabetes Regional Center , Treviglio , Italy.
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Buonaiuto
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Unit , Diabetes Regional Center , Treviglio , Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Mori
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Unit , ASST Bergamo Ovest (Bg) , Treviglio , Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Braus
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Unit , Diabetes Regional Center , Treviglio , Italy.
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balini
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Unit , Diabetes Regional Center , Treviglio , Italy.
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Berzi
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Unit , Diabetes Regional Center , Treviglio , Italy.
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carpinteri
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Unit , Diabetes Regional Center , Treviglio , Italy.
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Forloni
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Unit , Diabetes Regional Center , Treviglio , Italy.
authors.forename: Giancarla
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Meregalli
authors.affiliation: Emmonos, IT HealthCare Senior Consultant , Como , Italy.
authors.forename: Gian Luca
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0992-0925
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Ronco
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Unit , Diabetes Regional Center , Treviglio , Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio C
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-8900-1787
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Bossi
keywords: Cardiovascular Risk Assessment; Gender Differences; Glucose Control; Incretin