title: Truck drivers' perceptions on wearable devices and health promotion: a qualitative study.
abstract: Professional truck drivers, as other shift workers, have been identified as a high-risk group for various health conditions including cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, sleep apnoea and stress. Mobile health technologies can potentially improve the health and wellbeing of people with a sedentary lifestyle such as truck drivers. Yet, only a few studies on health promotion interventions related to mobile health technologies for truck drivers have been conducted. We aimed to explore professional truck drivers' views on health promotion delivered via mobile health technologies such as wearable devices.
  
  
  
  We conducted a phenomenological qualitative study, consisting of four semi-structured focus groups with 34 full-time professional truck drivers in the UK. The focus groups were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic content analysis. We discussed drivers' perceptions of their health, lifestyle and work environment, and their past experience and expectations from mobile health technologies.
  
  
  
  The participants viewed their lifestyle as unhealthy and were aware of possible consequences. They expressed the need and wish to change their lifestyle, yet perceived it as an inherent, unavoidable outcome of their occupation. Current health improvement initiatives were not always aligned with their working conditions. The participants were generally willing to use mobile health technologies such as wearable devices, as a preventive measure to avoid prospect morbidity, particularly cardiovascular diseases. They were ambivalent about privacy and the risk of their employer's monitoring their clinical data.
  
  
  
  Wearable devices may offer new possibilities for improving the health and wellbeing of truck drivers. Drivers were aware of their unhealthy lifestyle. They were interested in changing their lifestyle and health. Drivers raised concerns regarding being continuously monitored by their employer. Health improvement initiatives should be aligned with the unique working conditions of truck drivers. Future research is needed to examine the impact of wearable devices on improving the health and wellbeing of professional drivers.
authors.affiliation: Global eHealth Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, The Reynolds Building, St Dunstan's Road, London, W6 8RP, UK.
authors.forename: Rama
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Greenfield
authors.affiliation: Global eHealth Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, The Reynolds Building, St Dunstan's Road, London, W6 8RP, UK.
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Busink
authors.affiliation: Global eHealth Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, The Reynolds Building, St Dunstan's Road, London, W6 8RP, UK.
authors.forename: Cybele P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.affiliation: Global eHealth Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, The Reynolds Building, St Dunstan's Road, London, W6 8RP, UK.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Riboli-Sasco
authors.affiliation: Global eHealth Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, The Reynolds Building, St Dunstan's Road, London, W6 8RP, UK.
authors.forename: Geva
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Greenfield
authors.affiliation: Global eHealth Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, The Reynolds Building, St Dunstan's Road, London, W6 8RP, UK.
authors.forename: Azeem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Majeed
authors.affiliation: Global eHealth Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, The Reynolds Building, St Dunstan's Road, London, W6 8RP, UK.|Health Services and Outcomes Research Programme, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Imperial College & Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Josip
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Car
authors.affiliation: Global eHealth Unit, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, The Reynolds Building, St Dunstan's Road, London, W6 8RP, UK. p.wark@imperial.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Petra A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Wark
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001334:Automobile Driving; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000517:prevention & control; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018986:Motor Vehicles; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control; D009786:Occupational Health Services; D017216:Telemedicine
keywords: Focus groups, qualitative study; Health promotion; Health technology; Lifestyle; Motor vehicles; Occupational health; Public health; Shift work; Wearable devices; eHealth; mHealth