title: 3D resolution enhancement of deep-tissue imaging based on virtual spatial overlap modulation microscopy.
abstract: During the last decades, several resolution enhancement methods for optical microscopy beyond diffraction limit have been developed. Nevertheless, those hardware-based techniques typically require strong illumination, and fail to improve resolution in deep tissue. Here we develop a high-speed computational approach, three-dimensional virtual spatial overlap modulation microscopy (3D-vSPOM), which immediately solves the strong-illumination issue. By amplifying only the spatial frequency component corresponding to the un-scattered point-spread-function at focus, plus 3D nonlinear value selection, 3D-vSPOM shows significant resolution enhancement in deep tissue. Since no iteration is required, 3D-vSPOM is much faster than iterative deconvolution. Compared to non-iterative deconvolution, 3D-vSPOM does not need a priori information of point-spread-function at deep tissue, and provides much better resolution enhancement plus greatly improved noise-immune response. This method is ready to be amalgamated with two-photon microscopy or other laser scanning microscopy to enhance deep-tissue resolution.
authors.forename: I-Cheng
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Kuo-Jen
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Po-Ting
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Yen-Yin
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Shi-Wei
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chu