title: Visually Impaired OLder people's Exercise programme for falls prevenTion (VIOLET): a feasibility study protocol.
abstract: In the UK, 1 in 5 people aged 75 and over live with sight loss. Visually impaired older people (VIOP) have an above average incidence of falls and 1.3-1.9 times more likely to experience hip fractures, than the general population. Older people with eye diseases are ∼3 times more likely than those with good vision, to limit activities due to fear of falling. This feasibility study aims to adapt the group-based Falls Management Exercise (FaME) programme to the needs of VIOP and carry out an external pilot trial to inform the design of a future definitive randomised controlled trial.
  
  
  
  A UK based 2-centre mixed methods, randomised, feasibility study will be conducted over 28 months. Stakeholder panels, including VIOP, will make recommendations for adaptations to an existing exercise programme (FaME), to meet the needs of VIOP, promoting uptake and adherence, while retaining required effective components of the exercise programme. 80 VIOP aged 60 and over, living at home, ambulant with or without a walking aid, will be recruited in Newcastle (n=40) and Glasgow (n=40) through National Health Service (NHS) Trusts and third sector partners. Participants randomised into the intervention arm will receive the adapted FaME programme. Participants randomised into the control arm will continue with usual activity. Outcomes are, recruitment rate, adherence and validated measures including fear of falling and quality of life. Postintervention in-depth qualitative interviews will be conducted with a purposive sample of VIOP (N=10). Postural stability instructors will be interviewed, before trial-specific training and following the intervention.
  
  
  
  Ethics approval was secured through the National Research Ethics Service (NRES) Committee North East, Newcastle and North Tyneside 2. Glasgow Caledonian University was approved as a non-NHS site with local ethics approval. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, national and international conferences.
  
  
  
  ISRCTN16949845.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Allied Health Research, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: Dawn A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Skelton
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Public Health and Well Being, International Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Cathy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Howel
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Well Being, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Mima
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cattan
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Deary
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Dot
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Coe
authors.affiliation: Institute of Allied Health Research, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: Lex D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Sheena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gawler
authors.affiliation: Department of Healthcare, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.affiliation: Newcastle Clinical Trials Unit, Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Rosy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lampitt
authors.affiliation: Newcastle Clinical Trials Unit, Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wilkinson
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Adams
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000368:Aged; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005239:Fear / Q000523:psychology; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011788:Quality of Life; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology
keywords: Accidential Falls; Exercise therapies; Feasibility studies; Secondary (or tertiary) prevention or accident prevention; Visually impaired older person