title: Cytokine-induced killer cell therapy-associated idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: rare but noteworthy.
abstract: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is characterized by a diminished platelet count, an autoimmune condition with antibodies against platelets and an increased tendency to bleed. The association between ITP and solid tumors is uncommon. Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell therapy is a well tolerated and promising cancer treatment with minimal toxicity. For the first time, CIK cell therapy was reported to be followed by ITP. The mechanism through which CIK induces ITP remains unclear. Imbalanced ratio of Th cells, decreased numbers or impaired function of Treg cells and excessive secretion of cytokines inducing abnormal activation of B cells may be among the possible reasons. Therefore, a better understanding of this rare condition will require further investigation of these cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450000, China.|Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450000, China.
authors.forename: Xiaomin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450000, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology Immunotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450000, China.
authors.forename: Quanli
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities Campus, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA.
authors.forename: Jizhen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Basic Medical College of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450000, China.
authors.forename: Qinxian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Key Lab, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450000, China.
authors.forename: Benling
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Henan Institute of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450000, China.
authors.forename: Yongping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D000077192:Adenocarcinoma of Lung; D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D055612:Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000637:transplantation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008875:Middle Aged; D016553:Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology; D058408:Th1-Th2 Balance; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies
keywords: CIK; ITP; immunotherapy; solid tumor