title: Occurrence and molecular characteristics of antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli from broilers, pigs and meat products in Thailand and Cambodia provinces.
abstract: Nine hundred and forty-one samples were collected in Sa Keao, Thailand (n = 554) and Banteay Meanchey, Cambodia (n = 387) from July 2014 to January 2015. A total of 667 Escherichia coli isolates (381 isolates from Sa Keao and 286 isolates from Banteay Meanchey) were obtained and examined for antimicrobial susceptibility, class 1 integrons, ESBL genes and horizontal transfer of resistance determinants. Prevalence of E. coli in pig and broiler carcass samples from slaughterhouses and fresh markets was 36-85% in Sa Keao and 11-69% in Banteay Meanchey. The majority of these isolates were multidrug resistant (75.3%). Class 1 integrons were common in both Thai (47%) and Cambodian (62%) isolates, of which four resistance gene cassette arrays including aadA1, dfrA1-aadA1, dfrA12-aadA2 and aadA2-linF were identified. Class 1 integrons in two broiler isolates from Sa Keao (dfrA12-aadA2) and one broiler isolate from Banteay Meanchey (dfrA1-aadA1) were horizontally transferable. Sixteen isolates were confirmed to be ESBL-producing strains with ESBL gene blaCTX-M-15 , broad spectrum β-lactamase gene blaTEM-1 and the AmpC gene blaCMY-2 being detected. The blaTEM-1 gene was most prevalent and located on a conjugative plasmid.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
authors.forename: Suthathip
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trongjit
authors.affiliation: Research Group for Prevention Technology in Livestock, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40000, Thailand.
authors.forename: Sunpetch
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Angkittitrakul
authors.affiliation: Research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. rchuanchuen@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Rungtip
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chuanchuen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002160:Cambodia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002645:Chickens; D003227:Conjugation, Genetic; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008461:Meat Products / Q000382:microbiology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010641:Phenotype; D015995:Prevalence; D062486:Public Health Surveillance; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013552:Swine; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D001618:beta-Lactamases
keywords: Cambodia; Escherichia coli; Thailand; antimicrobial resistance