title: Cultivation and utility of Piptoporus betulinus fruiting bodies as a source of anticancer agents.
abstract: Piptoporus betulinus is a wood-rotting basidiomycete used in medicine and biotechnology. However, to date, no indoor method for cultivation of this mushroom fruiting bodies has been developed. Here we present the first report of successful production of P. betulinus mature fruiting bodies in artificial conditions. Four P. betulinus strains were isolated from natural habitats and their mycelia were inoculated into birch sawdust substrate supplemented with organic additives. All the strains effectively colonized the medium but only one of them produced fruiting bodies. Moisture and organic supplementation of the substrate significantly determined the fruiting process. The biological efficiency of the P. betulinus PB01 strain cultivated on optimal substrate (moisture and organic substance content of 55 and 65 and 25 or 35 %, respectively) ranged from 12 to 16 %. The mature fruiting bodies reached weight in the range from 50 to 120 g. Anticancer properties of water and ethanol extracts isolated from both cultured and nature-derived fruiting bodies of P. betulinus were examined in human colon adenocarcinoma, human lung carcinoma and human breast cancer cell lines. The studies revealed antiproliferative and antimigrative properties of all the investigated extracts. Nevertheless the most pronounced effects demonstrated the ethanol extracts, obtained from fruiting bodies of cultured P. betulinus. Summarizing, our studies proved that P. betulinus can be induced to fruit in indoor artificial culture and the cultured fruiting bodies can be used as a source of potential anticancer agents. In this respect, they are at least as valuable as those sourced from nature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Microbiology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland. m.pleszczynska@poczta.umcs.lublin.pl.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pleszczyńska
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Microbiology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wiater
authors.affiliation: Department of Vegetable Crops, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dąbrowskiego 159, 60-594, Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Siwulski
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-095, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Lemieszek
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kunaszewska
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Józef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaczor
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-095, Lublin, Poland.|Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rzeski
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Janusz
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Microbiology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szczodrak
mesh_terms: D000072283:A549 Cells; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029662:Betula / Q000382:microbiology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D055453:Coriolaceae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D048690:Fruiting Bodies, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry*; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D025282:Mycelium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000431:Ethanol
keywords: Anticancer activity; Cultivation; Fruiting body; Piptoporus betulinus