title: Positive impact of autophagy in human breast cancer cells on local immunosurveillance.
abstract: In human breast cancer cells, the presence of cytoplasmic dots positive for microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3B) indicates enhanced autophagic flux and favorable prognosis. LC3B(+) puncta within malignant cells positively correlate with the intratumoral abundance of CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes, yet negatively correlate with the frequency of local FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells and CD68(+) tumor-associated macrophages, resulting in an improvement of CD8(+)/FOXP(+) or CD8(+)/CD68(+) ratios.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Center, Dijon, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ladoire
authors.affiliation: Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus , Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Enot
authors.affiliation: Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Center de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Senovilla
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Georges François Leclerc Center, Dijon, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Avenir Team, INSERM CRI-866, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chaix
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; University of Paris Sud XI, Villejuif, France; Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT), Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zitvogel
authors.affiliation: Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; INSERM, U1138, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kroemer
keywords: Autophagy; LC3; Treg cells.; breast cancer; lymphocytes; macrophages