title: The safety and efficacy of Diphoterine for ocular and cutaneous burns in humans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diphoterine, developed by the French company Prevor, is a polyvalent, chelating, amphoteric and slightly hypertonic solution used in the management of chemical cutaneous and ocular burns. While used extensively in Europe and Canada, it is has not been approved by the United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) as an alternative to the water-rinse method due to a lack of evidence of its safety and efficacy on human subjects. An unbiased and extensive systematic review was undertaken in order to better understand Diphoterine's safety and efficaciousness on humans.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Review the safety and efficacy of Diphoterine for treating chemical burns of the skin and eyes in humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data sources: Information sources included Pubmed, the National Library of Medicine's Medline Database and the "Publications" sections of the Prevor website. Search terms included Diphoterine, chemical burn, ocular burn and cutaneous burn.
  
  
  METHODS
  Any study type published through a peer-reviewed journal up to May 2016 was considered eligible. Published data must have included Diphoterine in the treatment of chemical burns on the skin or eyes as well as meet other specified criteria. Acceptable studies had to use either a quantitative (e.g. number of work days lost) or qualitative (e.g. level of erythema) approach when measuring cutaneous or ocular lesion outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Independent assessment of article inclusion by two authors using predefined criteria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diphoterine is safe and highly effective in improving healing time, healing sequelae and pain management of chemical burns on the skin and eyes of humans. Outcomes are significantly improved when compared to water or a physiologic solution equivalent. We recommend that this product be readily available to emergency responders and companies that expose their employees to hazardous chemical substances in order to improve healing sequelae, pain management and lost work days from these types of burns.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Dermatology and.
authors.forename: Darren D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Lynn
authors.affiliation: b Department of Opthamology , Denver School of Medicine, University of Colorado , Aurora , CO , USA , and.
authors.forename: Leonid M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Zukin
authors.affiliation: c U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Dermatology Service , Denver , CO , USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dellavalle
mesh_terms: D002057:Burns, Chemical / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005126:Eye Burns / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D060051:Occupational Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D009930:Organic Chemicals; C472007:diphoterine
keywords: Prevor; acid burn; alkaloid burn; amphoteric; chemical burn