title: Patch-test results using Korean standard series: a 5-year retrospective review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There have been few studies regarding the results of the Korean standard patch test.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to analyze the type and frequency of common contact allergens in Korea and to compare the results with those of previous reports.
  
  
  METHODS
  From June 2009 to June 2014, 330 patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis who visited our clinic were tested using the Korean standard patch test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest sensitization rate was found for nickel sulfate (47.58%). There was a significant gender difference in the prevalence of sensitization to nickel sulfate (OR = 2.41, p = .0004) and wool alcohol (OR = 2.85, p = .0358). Higher sensitization to nickel sulfate (OR = 1.18, p = .0159), 4-phenylenediamine (OR = 1.23, p= .003), tixocortol-21-pivalte (OR 1.48, p = .0212) and lower sensitization to thimerosal (OR = 0.77, p = .0023) were associated with increasing age. Patients with allergic contact dermatitis on the scalp had a significantly higher risk of sensitization to 4-phenylenediamine (OR = 3.07, p = .0013). Patients with allergic contact dermatitis on the hands had significantly higher risks of sensitization to wool alcohol (OR = 3.44, p = .0083), formaldehyde (OR = 2.52, p = .0178), and colophony (OR = 2.05, p = .0499).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate trends in patch test results in Korea and the basis for the presumption of the route of allergen exposure.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Dermatology , College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Soo
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Dermatology , College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Jee
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: b Department of Biostatistics , College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Gyu
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: a Department of Dermatology , College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.affiliation: a Department of Dermatology , College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Wou
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: a Department of Dermatology , College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Korea.
authors.forename: Young Bok
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000276:immunology; D009532:Nickel / Q000276:immunology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010328:Patch Tests; D010655:Phenylenediamines / Q000276:immunology; D015995:Prevalence; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D010655:Phenylenediamines; C029938:nickel sulfate; C019112:tixocortol pivalate; D009532:Nickel; C029728:4-phenylenediamine; D006854:Hydrocortisone
keywords: Allergen; allergic contact dermatitis; patch test