title: Exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers and female reproductive function: A study in the production area of Shandong, China.
abstract: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely used in commercial and household products. Few human studies have examined the effects of PBDE exposure on female reproductive function. We recruited 207 pregnant women when they were admitted for labor from September 2010 to February 2012 as part of a birth cohort study, the Laizhou Wan Birth Cohort study. Maternal sera were analyzed for eight PBDE congeners (BDE-28, -47, -85, -99, -100, -153, -154, and -183) and four sex hormones. BDE-153 exhibited the highest serum level (median 4.67ng/g lipid), followed by BDE-99 (median 3.45ng/g lipid) and BDE-28, -47, and -100 (medians near 2ng/g lipid). BDE-28, -47, -99, -100, and -153 were the most frequently detected (>90%) congeners. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were negatively associated with PBDE exposure. For each natural log unit increase in BDE-47, 100, and ∑5PBDEs, FSH levels changed -1.19IU/L (95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.32, -1.02), -1.17IU/L (95%CI: -1.36, -1.01) and -1.26IU/L (95%CI: -1.55, -1.02) respectively. BDE-85, -153, and -183 were associated with adverse reproductive effects, including an increased risk of threatened abortion (odds ratio [OR] [95% CI]: 1.30 [1.03, 1.62], 1.04 [1.01, 1.08], and 1.03 [1.01, 1.06], respectively). BDE-153 was associated with an increased risk of premature birth (adjusted OR [95% CI]:1.05 [1.01, 1.09]), and BDE-28 was associated with longer time to pregnancy (adjusted OR [95% CI]: 1.34 [1.03, 1.76]). These findings suggest that maternal PBDE exposure may be inversely associated with female reproductive function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; MOE and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Limei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Caifeng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yijun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yiwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Research Base of Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early Warning on Infection Disease in China CDC, Shanghai, Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China.
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Dongfang Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Guodong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; MOE and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: tianmiejp@sjtu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002681:China; D002947:Cities; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000378:metabolism*; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005411:Flame Retardants; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; C086401:pentabromodiphenyl ether
keywords: Maternal exposure; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; Reproduction; Sex hormone