title: Antibiotic prophylaxis in orthopaedic surgery: difficult decisions in an era of evolving antibiotic resistance.
abstract: Prophylactic antibiotics can decrease the risk of wound infection and have been routinely employed in orthopaedic surgery for decades. Despite their widespread use, questions still surround the selection of antibiotics for prophylaxis, timing and duration of administration. The health economic costs associated with wound infections are significant, and the judicious but appropriate use of antibiotics can reduce this risk. This review examines the evidence behind commonly debated topics in antibiotic prophylaxis and highlights the uses and advantages of some commonly used antibiotics. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1014-19.
authors.affiliation: Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Bryson
authors.affiliation: King's Mill Hospital, Sutton-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire, NG17 4JL, UK.
authors.forename: D L J
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.affiliation: Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Shivji
authors.affiliation: Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Rollins
authors.affiliation: Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham City Hospital, Hucknall Rd, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Snape
authors.affiliation: Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Ollivere
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000379:methods*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013997:Time Factors; D014546:Urinary Catheterization / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents
keywords: Antibiotics; Prophylaxis; Resistance; Surgical site infection