title: Chemopreventive effect of carvacrol on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced experimental colon carcinogenesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause for cancer-related death and its prevention is of great importance throughout the world. Chemoprevention offers a novel approach to control the incidence of colon cancer. The present study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of carvacrol supplementation on colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF), lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant defense system in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis in male Wistar rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The rats were randomly divided into six groups. Group 1, control rats received modified pellet diet; Group 2 rats received modified pellet diet along with carvacrol (80 mg/kg b.wt/day); Groups 3-6 received subcutaneous injection of DMH (20 mg/kg b.wt), once a week for the first 4 weeks; in addition Groups 4-6 received carvacrol at three different doses of 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg b.wt/day for 16 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our result suggest that increased tumor incidence and increased number of ACF, increased bacterial enzymes accompanied by a decrease in the colonic lipid peroxidation, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were observed in DMH-treated rats. Administration of carvacrol to DMH-treated rats significantly decreased the tumor incidence and the number of ACF and bacterial enzymes with enhancement of colonic lipid peroxidation, GPx, SOD, and CAT activities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study suggest that carvacrol at a dose of 40 mg/kg b.wt showed a significant beneficial effect against chemically-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Arivalagan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sivaranjani
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Gunasekaran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sivagami
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Namasivayam
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nalini
mesh_terms: D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D063646:Carcinogenesis; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D018890:Chemoprevention; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003111:Colonic Polyps; D000081007:Cymenes; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D047368:Tumor Burden
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D000081007:Cymenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; C073316:carvacrol; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine