title: Large vein injection alleviates rocuronium-induced pain in gynaecologic patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rocuronium-induced pain upon injection is very common in the clinical setting. Using the antecubital rather than the hand vein can avoid pain due to propofol injection. We aimed to investigate whether the use of the antecubital vein for injection would alleviate rocuronium-induced pain in a similar fashion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty patients (ASA classes I and II) scheduled for gynaecologic laparoscopy were randomised into two groups. Rocuronium (0.6mg/kg) was injected either into the vein on the dorsum of the hand (group D) or a large vein in the antecubital fossa (group A). Pain was assessed and recorded using a four-point scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with group D, the incidence of pain and severe pain was lower in group A patients. The rate of no pain was also higher in group A patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence and severity of rocuronium-induced injection pain were significantly alleviated via use of a large vein for rocuronium injection.
authors.affiliation: Department of anaesthesiology, Wuxi No. 2 People's hospital, Nanjing medical university, 68, road Zhongshan Wuxi, 214002 Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Xing-Mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of anaesthesiology, Wuxi maternity and child health hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 48, Huaishu-Xiang Wuxi, 214002 Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of anaesthesiology, Wuxi maternity and child health hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 48, Huaishu-Xiang Wuxi, 214002 Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Si
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of anaesthesiology, Wuxi maternity and child health hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 48, Huaishu-Xiang Wuxi, 214002 Jiangsu, China. Electronic address: wxfy2071@163.com.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000732:Androstanols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008875:Middle Aged; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010146:Pain / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D000077123:Rocuronium; D014680:Veins; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000732:Androstanols; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents; D000077123:Rocuronium
keywords: Pain on injection; Rocuronium; Vein interior diameter