title: Cutaneous mucormycosis in advanced HIV disease.
abstract: Angionvasive mucormycosis is an emerging fungal disease known to affect mainly diabetics or subjects with profound neutropenia. Infection usually occurs through the inhalation route, but cutaneous inoculation may occur after trauma or burns. However, mucormycosis remains unusual in HIV infection. We report a fatal case of cutaneous mucormycosis due to Rhizopus arrhizus involving the scalp following herpes zoster infection. The patient was a 42-year-old man with advanced AIDS failing on salvage antiretroviral therapy. The fungus was diagnosed on the basis of histopathology and culture. Our case emphasizes the need to consider mucormycosis in the differential diagnosis of necrotic cutaneous lesions in patients with late-stage HIV disease.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Pesquisa Clinica em DST e AIDS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address: jose.moreira@ini.fiocruz.br.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.affiliation: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ridolfi
authors.affiliation: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Micologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Almeida-Paes
authors.affiliation: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Varon
authors.affiliation: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Universidade do Grande Rio (Unigranrio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cristiane C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lamas
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009091:Mucormycosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D012233:Rhizopus / Q000302:isolation & purification*
keywords: AIDS; HIV; Mucormycosis; Rhizopus