title: EXTRADIGESTIVE MANIFESTATIONS OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE: DEMOGRAPHIC, CLINICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND ENDOSCOPIC FEATURES.
abstract: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with extradigestive manifestations is a disorder increasingly recognized both by gastroenterologists, pneumologists, otolaryngologists and cardiologists.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the demographical, clinical, biological and endoscopic features of the patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and extradigestive manifestations (chronic laryngitis, asthma, pseudoangina).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective case-control study, including 137 patients selected from patients referred to the Iasi Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology between July 2014-September 2015. In the presence of typical GERD symptoms (heartburn or regurgitation), the patients were assessed by upper digestive endoscopy for the detection or exclusion of esophagitis. Despite the absence of esophageal lesions, the patients were further assessed by impedance-pHmetry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Depending on the dominant extradigestive manifestation, the patients were assigned into 3 groups: 94 chronic laryngitis patients, 24 asthma patients and 19 pseudoangina patients. Females were more frequent among pseudoangina patients (68.4%). Mean age of the male patients with dysphonia or asthma was lower (p=0.002), the majority (78.1%) living in urban areas. Obesity was predominant in pseudoangina group (52.6%), as compared to dysphonia group (16%) the differences being statistically significant (p=0.002). A share of 57.9% of pseudoangina patients were dyslipidemic, in contrast to dysphonia (24.5%) or asthma group (37.5%) (p=0.013). Esophagitis was also more frequent at pseudoangina group (84.2%), but with no significant statistical difference between the study groups (79.8% and 75%, respectively) (p=0.115). It seems that Helicobacterpylori infection tends to be protective in patients with GERD and pseudoangina (RR=0.61), but it can not be extrapolated to the general population (p=0.459).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GERD with extradigestive manifestations is a prevalent and heterogeneous disease. There are demographic, clinical, biological and endoscopic differences between patiens with extradigestive GERD.
authors.forename: Oana-Bogdana
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Bărboi
authors.forename: Cristina Cijevschi
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Prelipcean
authors.forename: Cătălina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mihai
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Floria
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chirilă
authors.forename: Ana-Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Darie
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Drug
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bălan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000209:etiology; D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004941:Esophagitis / Q000209:etiology; D004945:Esophagoscopy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007827:Laryngitis / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012383:Romania / Q000453:epidemiology; D017678:Sex Distribution