title: α-Mangostin Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell.
abstract: Mangosteen has long been used as a traditional medicine and is known to have antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. Although the effects of α-mangostin, a natural compound extracted from the pericarp of mangosteen, have been investigated in many studies, there is limited data on the effects of the compound in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In this study, α-mangostin was assessed as a potential anticancer agent against human OSCC cells. α-Mangostin inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell death in OSCC cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner with little to no effect on normal human PDLF cells. α-Mangostin treatment clearly showed apoptotic evidences such as nuclear fragmentation and accumulation of annexin V and PI-positive cells on OSCC cells. α-Mangostin treatment also caused the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential and the translocation of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol. The expressions of the mitochondria-related proteins were activated by α-mangostin. Treatment with α-mangostin also induced G1 phase arrest and downregulated cell cycle-related proteins (CDK/cyclin). Hence, α-mangostin specifically induces cell death and inhibits proliferation in OSCC cells via the intrinsic apoptosis pathway and cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase, suggesting that α-mangostin may be an effective agent for the treatment of OSCC.
authors.affiliation: BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Ho
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: In-Ryoung
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0232-0385
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Hygiene, Dong-Eui University, 176 Eomgwang-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Jin
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6017-8623
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bong-Soo
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Bin
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8913-2274
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Yu