title: Elevated DRD4 promoter methylation increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease in males.
abstract: Aberrant promoter methylation of multiple genes is associated with various diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). The goal of the present study was to determine whether dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) promoter methylation is associated with AD. In the current study, the methylation levels of the DRD4 promoter were measured in 46 AD patients and 61 controls using bisulfite pyrosequencing technology. The results of the present study demonstrated that DRD4 promoter methylation was significantly higher in AD patients than in controls. A further breakdown analysis by gender revealed that there was a significant association of DRD4 promoter methylation with AD in males (23 patients and 45 controls). In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that elevated DRD4 promoter methylation was associated with AD risk in males.
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Huihui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The 148 Central Hospital of PLA, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yunliang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Danjie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Guili
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xuting
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Dongjun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine for Cadres, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The 148 Central Hospital of PLA, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Jinfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Department, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Zhongming
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Department, Ningbo No. 1 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Department, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Dongsheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Department, The Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315200, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zha
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Renjie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhuo
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Liting
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Beibei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Haochang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The 148 Central Hospital of PLA, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Yuzheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The 148 Central Hospital of PLA, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Honglei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Shiwei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Qinwen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D015415:Biomarkers; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018899:CpG Islands; D019175:DNA Methylation; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D050638:Receptors, Dopamine D4 / Q000235:genetics*; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C493599:DRD4 protein, human; D050638:Receptors, Dopamine D4