title: ACE Gene in Egyptian Ischemic Stroke Patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiotensin-1-converting enzyme (ACE) is a crucial player in vascular homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and hypertension. The present study was conducted to determine whether there is an association between the ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and ischemic stroke in Egyptian population. Also, we analyzed the ACE gene I/D polymorphism as a risk factor for small-vessel (SV) versus large-vessel (LV) disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty patients with ischemic stroke were included: 30 with SV disease and 30 with LV disease. In addition, a control group of 30 apparent healthy subjects were studied. Clinical assessment, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging brain, and genetic study using the polymerase chain reaction of ACE gene were done for all subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that the distribution of ACE gene polymorphism frequency was significantly different between the 3 groups. The DD genotype was far more common in stroke patients compared to controls. It was also significantly more common in each of the patient groups compared to controls but rather similar in the 2 patient groups with SV and LV diseases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that the ACE gene deletion/deletion genotype is common in Egyptian patients with non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke but does not appear to be specific neither to SV nor to LV disease.
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Magdy A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mostafa
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Lobna M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: El-Nabiel
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address: fahmynagia@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Nagia Aly
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Fahmy
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hany
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aref
authors.affiliation: Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Edrees
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shreef
authors.affiliation: Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Fathy
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abd El-Tawab
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Osama M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Abdulghany
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004534:Egypt / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
keywords: ACE gene; large-vessel disease; leucoaraiosis; small-vessel disease