title: Topographic characterisation of dental implants for commercial use.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To characterize the surface topography of several dental implants for commercial use.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dental implants analyzed were Certain (Biomet 3i), Tissue Level (Straumann), Interna (BTI), MG-InHex (MozoGrau), SPI (Alphabio) and Hikelt (Bioner). Surface topography was ascertained using a confocal microscope with white light. Roughness parameters obtained were: Ra, Rq, Rv, Rp, Rt, Rsk and Rku. The results were analysed using single-factor ANOVA and Student-Neuman-Keuls (p<0.05) tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Certain and Hikelt obtained the highest Ra and Rq scores, followed by Tissue Level. Interna and SPI obtained lower scores, and MG-InHex obtained the lowest score. Rv scores followed the same trend. Certain obtained the highest Rp score, followed by SPI and Hikelt, then Interna and Tissue Level. MG-InHex obtained the lowest scores. Certain obtained the highest Rt score, followed by Interna and Hikelt, then SPI and Tissue Level. The lowest scores were for MG-InHex. Rsk was negative (punctured surface) in the MG-InHex, SPI and Tissue Level systems, and positive (pointed surface) in the other systems. Rku was higher than 3 (Leptokurtic) in Tissue Level, Interna, MG-InHex and SPI, and lower than 3 (Platykurtic) in Certain and Hikelt.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The type of implant determines surface topography, and there are differences in the roughness parameters of the various makes of implants for clinical use.
authors.affiliation: University of Granada, School of Dentistry, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071-Granada, Spain, irosales@ugr.es.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mendoza-Arnau
authors.forename: M-F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Vallecillo-Capilla
authors.forename: M-Á
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Cabrerizo-Vílchez
authors.forename: J-I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Rosales-Leal
mesh_terms: D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D006801:Humans; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D014025:Titanium