title: Development and evaluation of a dish-based semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire for Korean adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to develop a dish-based semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire s(FFQ) for Korean adolescents and evaluate its reproducibility and validity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on 24-hour dietary recall data from the 4th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), we developed a FFQ with 71 items. From a quota sample of 160 adolescents recruited using gender and age group as stratification variables, 153 participated in the complete data collection process. The FFQ was administered to each subject twice, at an interval of 3-4 weeks, to evaluate the test-retest reliability. The validity of the FFQ was assessed relative to 8-day food record data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study findings demonstrated the FFQ's satisfactory reproducibility. Spearman correlation coefficients ranged from 0.64(for β-carotene) to 0.81(for protein). From cross-classification analyses, the proportion of subjects in the same intake quartile was highest for protein (65.4%) and lowest for vitamin A(47.1%). With regard to validity analysis, Spearman correlation coefficients ranged from 0.27(for vitamin A and fiber) to 0.90 (for energy). The proportions of subjects in the opposite categories between the first FFQ and the 8-day food record data were generally low within the range from 0.74% (for energy and carbohydrate) to 13.2% (for α-carotene).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, the dish-based semiquantitative FFQ developed in this study can be useful for grouping Korean adolescents according to major macro- and micronutrient intakes with reasonable reproducibility and validity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Sungshin Women's University, 55, Dobong-ro 76 ga-gil, Gangbuk-gu, Seoul 01133, Korea.
authors.forename: Jinhee
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yum
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Sungshin Women's University, 55, Dobong-ro 76 ga-gil, Gangbuk-gu, Seoul 01133, Korea.
authors.forename: Seungmin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
keywords: Adolescent; FFQ; reproducibility; validity