title: Clinical outcomes of cardiac arrest patients according to opioid use history.
abstract: Opioid analgesics are potent respiratory depressants. The purpose of this study was to describe the effects of opioids administered within 24hours before cardiac arrest on clinical outcomes.
  
  
  
  We retrospectively collected the cardiac arrest data of noncancer patients who were admitted to the general ward of Asan Medical Center from January 2008 to August 2012. We investigated the proportion of these patients who received opioids within 24hours of a cardiac arrest event, as well as the cardiac arrest characteristics, survival rates, and opioid administration patterns.
  
  
  
  Of the 193 patients identified, 58 (30%) had been administered opioids within the previous 24hours (the opioid group), whereas the remaining 135 (70%) had not been administered opioids (the nonopioid group). The survival rate did not differ significantly between these 2 groups. In the opioid group, as-needed opioid administration was associated with a lower 24-hour survival rate than regular opioid administration (9 [33.3%] of 27 patients vs 20 [64.5%] of 31 patients; P=.030). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, as-needed opioid administration was negatively associated with 24-hour survival.
  
  
  
  Opioid administration within 24hours before cardiac arrest per se was not associated with adverse outcomes. However, administration of opioid analgesics on an as-needed basis was associated with poorer survival outcomes than regular dosing. Greater attention should be paid to patients who receive as-needed opioid administration in the general ward.
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Care Services, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, South Korea. Electronic address: kimey@amc.seoul.kr.
authors.forename: Eun Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Care Services, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, South Korea. Electronic address: as5ciel@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Hee Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Care Services, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, South Korea. Electronic address: kjinseo@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Ga Jin
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: Medical Emergency Team, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, South Korea. Electronic address: sunny820209@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Sun Hui
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88 Olympic-ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, South Korea. Electronic address: jwhuh@amc.seoul.kr.
authors.forename: Jin Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Huh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88 Olympic-ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, South Korea. Electronic address: sbhong@amc.seoul.kr.
authors.forename: Sang-Bum
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88 Olympic-ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, South Korea. Electronic address: yskoh@amc.seoul.kr.
authors.forename: Younsuck
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88 Olympic-ro 43 gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, South Korea. Electronic address: cmlim@amc.seoul.kr.
authors.forename: Chae-Man
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D003422:Critical Care; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid
keywords: Cardiac arrest; Mortality; Opioid analgesics