title: Identification of aldolase A as a potential diagnostic biomarker for colorectal cancer based on proteomic analysis using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue.
abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and many patients are already at an advanced stage when they are diagnosed. Therefore, novel biomarkers for early detection of colorectal cancer are required. In this study, we performed a global shotgun proteomic analysis using formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) CRC tissue. We identified 84 candidate proteins whose expression levels were differentially expressed in cancer and non-cancer regions. A label-free semiquantitative method based on spectral counting and gene ontology (GO) analysis led to a total of 21 candidate proteins that could potentially be detected in blood. Validation studies revealed cyclophilin A, annexin A2, and aldolase A mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly higher in cancer regions than in non-cancer regions. Moreover, an in vitro study showed that secretion of aldolase A into the culture medium was clearly suppressed in CRC cells compared to normal colon epithelium. These findings suggest that decreased aldolase A in blood may be a novel biomarker for the early detection of CRC.
authors.affiliation: Pathological and Biomolecule Analyses Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsushi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Diagnostic Pathology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Diagnostic Pathology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan.
authors.forename: Wei-Xia
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Diagnostic Pathology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan.|Departments of Gastrointestinal Hepato Biliary Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takata
authors.affiliation: Pathological and Biomolecule Analyses Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takakura
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Diagnostic Pathology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Teduka
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Diagnostic Pathology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan.
authors.forename: Takenori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.affiliation: Pathological and Biomolecule Analyses Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kuniko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitamura
authors.affiliation: Pathological and Biomolecule Analyses Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taga
authors.affiliation: Departments of Gastrointestinal Hepato Biliary Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Diagnostic Pathology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan. naito@nms.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Zenya
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Naito
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017306:Annexin A2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D021984:Cyclophilin A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000737:chemistry*; D005634:Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016612:Paraffin Embedding / Q000379:methods*; D011379:Prognosis; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: C472822:ANXA2 protein, human; D017306:Annexin A2; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D020543:Proteome; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D005557:Formaldehyde; D005634:Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase; D021984:Cyclophilin A
keywords: Aldolase A; Colorectal cancer; Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue; Shotgun proteomics