title: Association of Serum Uric Acid Concentration with Diabetic Retinopathy and Albuminuria in Taiwanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
abstract: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) may experience chronic microvascular complications such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) during their lifetime. In clinical studies, serum uric acid concentration has been found to be associated with DR and DN. The goal of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the increases in serum uric acid level and the severity of DR and albuminuria in Taiwanese patients with type 2 DM. We recorded serum uric acid concentration, the severity of DR, and the severity of albuminuria by calculating urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) in 385 patients with type 2 DM. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, a high uric acid concentration was a risk factor for albuminuria (odds ratio (OR), 1.227; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.015-1.482; p = 0.034) and DR (OR, 1.264; 95% CI = 1.084-1.473; p = 0.003). We also demonstrated that there was a higher concentration of serum uric acid in the patients with more severe albuminuria and DR. In conclusion, an increased serum uric acid level was significantly correlated with the severity of albuminuria and DR in Taiwanese patients with type 2 DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Technology, Kaohsiung Municipal CiJin Hospital, Kaohsiung 805, Taiwan. k670806@yahoo.com.tw.
authors.forename: Ching-Chao
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. pichli@kmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Pi-Chen
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. lovellelee@hotmail.com.|Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan. lovellelee@hotmail.com.|Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. lovellelee@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Mei-Yueh
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan. scarchenone@yahoo.com.tw.|Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. scarchenone@yahoo.com.tw.|Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. scarchenone@yahoo.com.tw.
authors.forename: Szu-Chia
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. sjshin@kmu.edu.tw.|Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. sjshin@kmu.edu.tw.|Center for Lipid and Glycomedicine Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. sjshin@kmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Shyi-Jang
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. pjhsiao@cc.kmu.edu.tw.|Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. pjhsiao@cc.kmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Pi-Jung
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. berg.kmu@gmail.com.|Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. berg.kmu@gmail.com.|Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan. berg.kmu@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Kun-Der
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan. my345677@yahoo.com.tw.|Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan. my345677@yahoo.com.tw.
authors.forename: Wei-Hao
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Hsu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D013624:Taiwan; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014527:Uric Acid; D003404:Creatinine
keywords: albuminuria; diabetes mellitus; diabetic nephropathy; diabetic retinopathy; uric acid