title: Structural Neuroimaging Findings in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.
abstract: Common neuroimaging findings in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), including sport-related concussion (SRC), are reviewed based on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Common abnormalities radiologically identified on the day of injury, typically a computed tomographic scan, are in the form of contusions, small subarachnoid or intraparenchymal hemorrhages as well as subdural and epidural collections, edema, and skull fractures. Common follow-up neuroimaging findings with MRI include white matter hyperintensities, hypointense signal abnormalities that reflect prior hemorrhage, focal encephalomalacia, presence of atrophy and/or dilated Virchow-Robins perivascular space. The MRI findings from a large pediatric mTBI study show low frequency of positive MRI findings at 6 months postinjury. The review concludes with an examination of some of the advanced MRI-based image analysis methods that can be performed in the patient who has sustained an mTBI.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Psychology †Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT ‡University of California ∥Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA §Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
authors.forename: Erin D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Bigler
authors.forename: Tracy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Abildskov
authors.forename: Naomi J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Goodrich-Hunsaker
authors.forename: Garrett
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: Zachary P
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Trevor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Huff
authors.forename: Dawn-Marie G
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hesselink
authors.forename: Elisabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Wilde
authors.forename: Jeffrey E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Max
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001924:Brain Concussion / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014193:Trauma Centers