title: Antibacterial activity of fractions from three Chumash medicinal plant extracts and in vitro inhibition of the enzyme enoyl reductase by the flavonoid jaceosidin.
abstract: We have investigated the in vitro antibacterial bioactivity of dichloromethane-soluble fractions of Artemisia californica, Trichostema lanatum, Salvia apiana, Sambucus nigra ssp. cerulea and Quercus agrifolia Née against a ΔtolC mutant strain of Escherichia coli. These plants are traditional medicinal plants of the Chumash American Indians of Southern California. Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of three flavonoid compounds from A. californica: jaceosidin (1), jaceidin (2), and chrysoplenol B (3). Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli ΔtolC in liquid cultures. The in vitro activity of 1 against the enoyl reductase enzyme (FabI) was measured using a spectrophotometric assay and found to completely inhibit FabI activity at a concentration of 100 μM. However, comparison of minimum inhibitory concentration values for 1-3 against E. coli ΔtolC and an equivalent strain containing a plasmid constitutively expressing fabI did not reveal any selectivity for FabI in vivo.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemistry, Natural Science Division , Pepperdine University , Malibu , CA , USA.
authors.forename: Brittany J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Allison
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemistry, Natural Science Division , Pepperdine University , Malibu , CA , USA.
authors.forename: Mark C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Allenby
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemistry, Natural Science Division , Pepperdine University , Malibu , CA , USA.
authors.forename: Shane S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Bryant
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemistry, Natural Science Division , Pepperdine University , Malibu , CA , USA.
authors.forename: Jae Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Min
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemistry, Natural Science Division , Pepperdine University , Malibu , CA , USA.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hieromnimon
authors.affiliation: a Department of Chemistry, Natural Science Division , Pepperdine University , Malibu , CA , USA.
authors.forename: P Matthew
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Joyner
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D002140:California; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D050753:Enoyl-(Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Reductase (NADH) / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; C477508:jaceosidin; D050753:Enoyl-(Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Reductase (NADH)
keywords: Artemisia californica; antimicrobial; enoyl reductase; flavonoids; jaceosidin; native American plants