title: The antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antigenotoxic effects of galangin, puerarin, and ursolic acid in mammalian cells.
abstract: Phenolic compounds not only contribute to the sensory qualities of fruits and vegetables but also exhibit several health protective properties. Galangin, puerarin, and ursolic acid are commonly used plant phenolics in folk medicine. In this study, the antioxidant capacities of galangin, puerarin, and ursolic acid by the trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay and the cytotoxic effects by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in V79 cells were investigated. The genotoxic potentials of galangin, puerarin, and ursolic acid were evaluated by micronucleus (MN) and alkaline COMET assays in human lymphocytes and in V79 cells. Galangin, puerarin, and ursolic acid (10, 100, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000, and 20 000 μM) were found to have antioxidant activities at the studied concentrations. IC50values of galangin, puerarin, and ursolic acid in V79 cells were found to be 275.48 μM, 2503.712 μM, and 224.85 μM, respectively. Galangin, puerarin, and ursolic acid, at the all concentrations, have not exerted genotoxic effects and galangin, puerarin, and ursolic acid revealed a reduction in the frequency of MN and DNA damage induced by H2O2.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology , Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey and.
authors.forename: Merve
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bacanlı
authors.affiliation: b Department of Pharmacognosy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey.
authors.forename: A Ahmet
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Başaran
authors.affiliation: a Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology , Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey and.
authors.forename: Nurşen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Başaran
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D020552:Comet Assay; D003412:Cricetulus; D004249:DNA Damage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000139:chemically induced; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D000097245:Ursolic Acid
chemical_list: D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D007529:Isoflavones; D014315:Triterpenes; D000097245:Ursolic Acid; C037032:galangin; C033607:puerarin
keywords: COMET; MTT; Plant-derived phenolics; micronucleus; trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity