title: The geographical pattern of distribution of the genus Tityobuthus Pocock, 1890, a typical Ananterinae element endemic to Madagascar (Scorpiones: Buthidae).
abstract: New comments are proposed for the Ananterinae (sensu Pocock) or the 'Ananteris Group'. The worldwide pattern of distribution of the elements associated with the Ananterinae, as well as aspects of their ecology, is discussed. The biogeographic patterns presented by extant and fossil elements of this group confirm not only the characteristics of a lineage representing a typical Gondwanian distribution, but correspond also to older Pangean patterns. One new species is described in the genus Tityobuthus Pocock. This new species is also a possible endemic element to the Island of Nosy-Be or at least to the Sambirano region. Generally, the Madagascar pattern of Tityobuthus is following the Neogrosphus rule, showing typical high species richness with low dispersal when the ancestral population had a large niche breadth.
authors.affiliation: Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Institut de systématique, évolution, biodiversité (ISYEB), UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, CP 53, 57, rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France. Electronic address: arachne@mnhn.fr.
authors.forename: Wilson R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Lourenço
authors.affiliation: ETH Zurich, Department of ITES, Forest Management and Development (ForDev) Group, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address: patrick.waeber@usys.ethz.ch.
authors.forename: Patrick O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Waeber
authors.affiliation: Missouri Botanical Garden, Madagascar Research & Conservation Program, BP 3391, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar. Electronic address: lucienne.wilme@mobot-mg.org.
authors.forename: Lucienne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wilmé
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002965:Classification; D004463:Ecology; D005121:Extremities / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005260:Female; D005580:Fossils; D005843:Geography; D008270:Madagascar; D011156:Population Density; D012605:Scorpions / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D013045:Species Specificity
keywords: Ananterinae/Ananteris Group; Ananterinae/groupe Ananteris; Biogeographic pattern; Ecology; Modèle biogéographique; New species; Nouvelle espèce; Scorpion; Tityobuthus; Écologie