title: Association of GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion with lung cancer development in Pakistani population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lung cancer has increased rapidly in the past few decades. Environmental and genetic factors are contributing toward its incidence. Several studies have been reported with conflicting results regarding polymorphism of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes and their contribution in development of lung cancer. It has been observed that these genetic polymorphisms show geographical variations. Therefore, we conducted a case control study to find the association of various environmental factors as well as GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion with susceptibility of lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  DNA of pathologically confirmed lung cancer patients and cancer-free controls were amplified using multiplex PCR to check the deletion of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Demographic factors like age, gender, smoking, passive smoking, smoking duration, smoking dose and other addictions were found to be significantly related (P = 0.05) with incidence of lung cancer. Deletion of GSTM1 and GSTT1 showed non--significant results (P = 0.05) when comparing with development of lung cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results revealed that certain environmental factors may be considered as a risk factor but deletion of GSTM1 and GSTT1 are not associated with the development of lung cancer; however, studies including >500 patient samples is suggested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Nosheen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Masood
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Baseerat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Taseer
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Azra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yasmin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1