title: Chitosan and oligochitosan enhance ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) resistance to rhizome rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum in storage.
abstract: The ability of chitosan and oligochitosan to enhance ginger (Zingiber officinale) resistance to rhizome rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum in storage was investigated. Both chitosan and oligochitosan at 1 and 5g/L significantly inhibited rhizome rot, with the best control at 5g/L. Chitosan and oligochitosan applied at 5g/L also reduced weight loss, measured as a decrease in fresh weight, but did not affect soluble solids content or titratable acidity of rhizomes. The two compounds applied at 5g/L induced β-1,3-glucanase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme activity and the transcript levels of their coding genes, as well as the total phenolic compounds in rhizome tissues. Therefore, the ability of chitosan and oligochitosan to reduce rot in stored rhizomes may be associated with their ability to induce defense responses in ginger. These results have practical implications for the application of chitosan and oligochitosan to harvested ginger rhizomes to reduce postharvest losses.
authors.affiliation: College of Forestry & Life Science/Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan 402160, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Special Plant Seedlings/Garden and Flower Engineering Research Center of Chongqing Colleges/Collabrative Innovatation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Yongchuan 402160, China.
authors.forename: Yiqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wisniewski
authors.affiliation: Chembiotech Laboratories, Kyrewood House Tenbury Wells, Worcestershire WR15 8SG, UK.
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.affiliation: College of Forestry & Life Science/Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan 402160, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Special Plant Seedlings/Garden and Flower Engineering Research Center of Chongqing Colleges/Collabrative Innovatation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Yongchuan 402160, China.
authors.forename: Yusong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: College of Forestry & Life Science/Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan 402160, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Special Plant Seedlings/Garden and Flower Engineering Research Center of Chongqing Colleges/Collabrative Innovatation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Yongchuan 402160, China.
authors.forename: Jianmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: College of Forestry & Life Science/Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan 402160, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Special Plant Seedlings/Garden and Flower Engineering Research Center of Chongqing Colleges/Collabrative Innovatation Center of Special Plant Industry in Chongqing, Yongchuan 402160, China. Electronic address: jialiu1983@163.com.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D002686:Chitin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D048271:Chitosan; D005670:Fusarium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology; D043326:Glucan 1,3-beta-Glucosidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D027343:Rhizome / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D009844:Oligosaccharides; D010940:Plant Proteins; C493484:oligochitosan; D002686:Chitin; D048271:Chitosan; D043326:Glucan 1,3-beta-Glucosidase; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase
keywords: Chitosan; Defense response; Fusarium oxysporum; Ginger rhizome; Oligochitosan