title: Waveguide-coupled hybrid plasmonic modulator based on graphene.
abstract: In this paper, we propose a low-transmission-loss, high-speed, graphene-based electro-absorption modulator with a hybrid plasmonic waveguide at 1.55 μm. In the proposed device, double-layer graphene is placed on top of the horizontal hybrid plasmonic waveguide to enhance the light-graphene interaction. The adjustment of the in-plane permittivity of the anisotropy graphene causes a significant modulation of the absorption at the operating bandwidth of 0.4 THz, with modulation length of 8.5 μm and modulator footprint of 1.6  μm2. A taper silicon coupler is used for waveguide coupling, and 80% coupling efficiency is achieved. In addition, the modulation potential on a smaller footprint is further shown.
authors.forename: Bao-Hu
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Wei-Bing
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Xiao-Bing
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhen-Guo
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Liu