title: The Impact of Hyperoxia on Human Performance and Recovery.
abstract: Hyperoxia results from the inhalation of mixtures of gas containing higher partial pressures of oxygen (O2) than normal air at sea level. Exercise in hyperoxia affects the cardiorespiratory, neural and hormonal systems, as well as energy metabolism in humans. In contrast to short-term exposure to hypoxia (i.e. a reduced partial pressure of oxygen), acute hyperoxia may enhance endurance and sprint interval performance by accelerating recovery processes. This narrative literature review, covering 89 studies published between 1975 and 2016, identifies the acute ergogenic effects and health concerns associated with hyperoxia during exercise; however, long-term adaptation to hyperoxia and exercise remain inconclusive. The complexity of the biological responses to hyperoxia, as well as the variations in (1) experimental designs (e.g. exercise intensity and modality, level of oxygen, number of participants), (2) muscles involved (arms and legs) and (3) training status of the participants may account for the discrepancies.
authors.affiliation: Integrative and Experimental Training Science, Department of Sport Science, University of Würzburg, Judenbühlweg 11, 97082, Würzburg, Germany. billy.sperlich@uni-wuerzburg.de.
authors.forename: Billy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sperlich
authors.affiliation: Integrative and Experimental Training Science, Department of Sport Science, University of Würzburg, Judenbühlweg 11, 97082, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zinner
authors.affiliation: Section for Elite Sport, Swiss Federal Institute of Sport, 2532, Magglingen, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Hans-Christer
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Holmberg
authors.affiliation: Integrative and Experimental Training Science, Department of Sport Science, University of Würzburg, Judenbühlweg 11, 97082, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wegrzyk
mesh_terms: D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D018496:Hyperoxia / Q000378:metabolism*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen