title: Effects of Physical Exercise on the Intestinal Mucosa of Rats Submitted to a Hypothalamic Obesity Condition.
abstract: The small intestine plays a role in obesity as well as in satiation. However, the effect of physical exercise on the morphology and function of the small intestine during obesity has not been reported to date. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of physical exercise on morphological aspects of the rat small intestine during hypothalamic monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced obesity. The rats were divided into four groups: Sedentary (S), Monosodium Glutamate (MSG), Exercised (E), and Exercised Monosodium Glutamate (EMSG). The MSG and EMSG groups received a daily injection of monosodium glutamate (4 g/kg) during the 5 first days after birth. The S and E groups were considered as control groups and received injections of saline. At weaning, at 21 days after birth, the EMSG and E groups were submitted to swimming practice 3 times a week until the 90th day, when all groups were sacrificed and the parameters studied recorded. Exercise significantly reduced fat deposits and the Lee Index in MSG-treated animals, and also reduced the thickness of the intestinal wall, the number of goblet cells and intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity. However, physical activity alone increased the thickness and height of villi, and the depth of the crypts. In conclusion, regular physical exercise may alter the morphology or/and functions of the small intestine, reducing the prejudicial effects of hypothalamic obesity. Anat Rec, 299:1389-1396, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Estrutural Molecular e Genetica, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brasil, Avenida Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, PR, CEP 84030-900, Brazil. 1967jrgomes@gmail.com.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Estrutural Molecular e Genetica, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brasil, Avenida Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, PR, CEP 84030-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná -Campus de Cascavel, Rua Universitária, 2069, Bairro: Jardim Universitário, CEP 85819-110, Cascavel, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grassiolli
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002452:Cell Count; D020397:Goblet Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D012970:Sodium Glutamate; D013550:Swimming
chemical_list: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D012970:Sodium Glutamate
keywords: MSG; animal models; exercise; obesity; small intestine