title: Phage Display Technique: A Novel Medicinal Approach to Overcome An tibiotic Resistance by Using Peptide-Based Inhibitors Against β-Lactamases.
abstract: The emergence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria is a serious threat with enormous social and economic implications. The distribution of resistance genes/markers through horizontal gene transfer leads to the dissemination of resistant strains in different parts of the world. The resistant bacteria acquire the ability to overcome resistance by different modes amongst which the expression of β-lactamases is a major factor. The β-lactamase enzymes cleave the amide bond of the β-lactam antibiotics, which constitute about one-third of the antibiotics used all over the world. In a quest to control the spread of resistant bacteria, advanced generations of antibiotics are used either alone or in combination with inhibitors. However, these antibiotics and inhibitors also contain β-lactam ring in their structure and hence are prone to be hydrolyzed by β-lactamase enzymes in the near future. Thus, the severity of the problem is manifested due to the paucity of novel non-β-lactam core containing antibiotics in the drug development stage. One approach to overcome these shortcomings is to use peptide-based inhibitors. Here, we describe the potential use of phage display technique to screen commercially available libraries to pan against β-lactamase enzymes. The main advantage of using peptide-based inhibitors is that the bacteria will not be able to recruit pre-existing defense mechanisms and it will take a long time to evolve a new mechanism in its defense against peptide-based inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Lab. Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Wadi Al Dawasir, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University. Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ghazala
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Muteeb
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, 11451. Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Md Tabish
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Rehman
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra. Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Saeedut Zafar
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine/Neurology, College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra. Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdurrahman M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Al-Shahrani
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammad Amjad
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kamal
authors.affiliation: King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Ghulam Md
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Ashraf
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D061505:Cell Surface Display Techniques; D006801:Humans; D010455:Peptides / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance; D065093:beta-Lactamase Inhibitors / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010455:Peptides; D065093:beta-Lactamase Inhibitors
keywords: Antibiotic resistance; antimicrobial peptides; gram-negative bacteria; peptide-based inhibitors; phage display