title: Neomensularia duplicata gen. et sp. nov. (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) and two new combinations.
abstract: Neomensularia (Hymenochaetaceae) is a new genus introduced for N. duplicata sp. nov. (generic type), N. crocitincta and N. kanehirae combs. nov., based on a combination of distinct morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses inferred from nuc rDNA partial 28S and ITS datasets. The new genus is characterized by annual, pileate, brown to fuscous basidiocarps, duplex context, dimitic hyphal structure, ventricose, and hooked hymenial setae, golden yellow, thick-walled, smooth basidiospores that are negative in both Melzer's reagent and Cotton Blue and a growth habit in tropical forests. Neomensularia duplicata closely resembles Mensularia radiata by hooked hymenial setae, but M. radiata has a homogenous context, larger pores (5-7 per mm), monomitic hyphal structure, hyphoid setae, larger cyanophilic basidiospores and occurs in temperate forests. Central American specimens labeled as Inonotus crocitinctus and Asian specimens identified as Fulvifomes kanehirae were re-examined. The duplex context, hooked hymenial setae and colored basidiospores are similar to N. duplicata Phylogenetic inferences based on 28S and ITS sequence data confirm their affinities with N. duplicata and result in the proposal of new combinations, Neomensularia crocitincta and N. kanehirae.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology, PO Box 61, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China.
authors.forename: Li-Wei
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology, PO Box 61, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China yuchengd@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Yu-Cheng
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Dai
mesh_terms: D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000145:classification* / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D065928:Forests; D010802:Phylogeny; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014329:Tropical Climate
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S
keywords: Hymenochaetaceae; phylogeny; taxonomy; wood-rotting fungi