title: A Study of Hmong Immigrants' Experience With Diabetes Education: A Community-Engaged Qualitative Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The prevalence of diabetes is increasing in Hmong Americans, an understudied ethnic minority group. This research sought to identify barriers and facilitators related to the diabetes education experience of Hmong Americans with type 2 diabetes, living in central California.
  
  
  METHODS
  This qualitative study employed a hybrid design to identify barriers and facilitators to diabetes education. Two focus group interviews were conducted among 16 participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The three barriers identified are language, self-management, and stress; the three facilitators are focused culturally specific education, use of media, and peer support group. A priori elements of the Study of Access framework were confirmed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a need for diabetes education in Hmong Americans. Health care access and education should incorporate culturally appropriate strategies that could improve health outcomes for the Hmong.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To improve diabetes care in the Hmong population, health educators should consider the use of cultural competency, language assistance, and culturally appropriate education to achieve better clinical outcomes.
authors.affiliation: 1 California State University, Chico, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Fay
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mitchell-Brown
authors.affiliation: 2 Medical University of Charleston, Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Lynne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nemeth
authors.affiliation: 2 Medical University of Charleston, Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cartmell
authors.affiliation: 2 Medical University of Charleston, Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.affiliation: 1 California State University, Chico, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Goto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001213:Asian / Q000193:education* / Q000523:psychology*; D002140:California; D054521:Cultural Competency / Q000523:psychology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D036301:Qualitative Research
keywords: Hmong Americans; clinical areas; diabetes; diabetes education; grounded theory; research methods