title: In situ remediation and phytotoxicity assessment of lead-contaminated soil by biochar-supported nHAP.
abstract: In this study, a kind of biochar-supported nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP@BC) material was used in in-situ remediation of lead-contaminated soil. Column experiments were performed to compare the mobility of nHAP@BC and Bare-nHAP. The immobilization, accumulation and toxic effects of Pb in the after-amended soil were assessed by the in vitro toxicity tests and pot experiments. The column experiments showed a significant improvement in the mobility of nHAP@BC. The immobilization rate of Pb in the soil was 74.8% after nHAP@BC remediation. Sequential extraction procedures revealed that the residual fraction of Pb increased by 66.6% after nHAP@BC remediation, which greatly reduced the bioavailability of Pb in the soil. In addition, pot experiments indicated that nHAP@BC could effectively reduce the upward translocation capacity of Pb in a soil-plant system. The concentration of Pb in the aerial part of the cabbage mustard was 0.1 mg/kg, which is lower than the tolerance limit (0.3 mg/kg). nHAP@BC can remediate Pb-contaminated soil effectively, which can restore soil quality for planting.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Technology Research Centre for Ecological Management and Remediation of Water Systems, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
authors.forename: Zhangmei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Technology Research Centre for Ecological Management and Remediation of Water Systems, Guangzhou, 510006, China. Electronic address: sunmoon124@163.com.
authors.forename: Zhanqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Technology Research Centre for Ecological Management and Remediation of Water Systems, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong, 00852, China.
authors.forename: Pokeung Eric
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Tsang
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Technology Research Centre for Ecological Management and Remediation of Water Systems, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
authors.forename: Jianzhang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Environmental Engineering Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
authors.forename: Dongye
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000032:analysis / Q000517:prevention & control; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis*; D009149:Mustard Plant / Q000737:chemistry; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C540010:biochar; D002606:Charcoal; D007854:Lead; D017886:Durapatite
keywords: In-situ remediation; Lead-contaminated soil; Mobility; Phytotoxicity; nHAP@BC