title: Antimüllerian hormone among women with and without type 1 diabetes: the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Study and the Michigan Bone Health and Metabolism Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare concentrations of antimüllerian hormone (AMH) in women with and without type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional analysis of longitudinal studies, adjusting for repeated measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women aged 30-45 years who had not undergone oophorectomy, hysterectomy, or natural menopause at the time of AMH measurement were included (n = 376 in the Michigan Bone Health and Metabolism Study and n = 321 in the Epidemiology of Interventions and Complications Study). Linear mixed regression was used to evaluate whether AMH concentrations differed by diabetes status, adjusting for repeated measurements of AMH within individual women, body mass index, smoking status, and oral contraceptive use.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  Concentrations of AMH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In unadjusted comparisons, women with and without diabetes had similar median AMH values before 35 years of age, although women with type 1 diabetes had a lower proportion of women with elevated AMH concentrations (≥5.0 ng/dL). After adjustment for covariates and multiple observations per woman, log AMH concentrations were significantly lower among women with type 1 diabetes compared with women without diabetes (β-coefficient -1.27, 95% confidence interval [-2.18, -0.36] in fully adjusted models) before 35 years of age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Before 35 years of age, women with type 1 diabetes have lower AMH levels than women without diabetes. Further investigation is needed to determine the etiologies of this difference and how it may contribute to reproductive disorders among women with type 1 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Electronic address: cathkim@umich.edu.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Carrie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Karvonen-Gutierrez
authors.affiliation: Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California.
authors.forename: Shengchun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Arends
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Steffes
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: McConnell
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Randolph
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Siobán D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Harlow
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008824:Michigan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D060728:Reproductive Health; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016387:Women's Health
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone
keywords: Ovarian hormones; reproductive endocrinology; type 1 diabetes; women's health