title: A recombinant TGF-β1 vaccine ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in OLETF rats.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of a recombinant vaccine encoding TGF-β1 in OLETF rats with diabetic nephropathy (DN).
  
  
  
  OLETF rats were treated with vehicle or TGF-β1 vaccine. LETO rats were used as normal controls. At 42 weeks after immunization with vaccine, samples from blood, urine and kidney were collected for biochemical, histologic, immunohistochemical and molecular analyses.
  
  
  
  OLETF rats treated with the vaccine reduced blood glucose levels, improved renal pathological changes, and inhibited overexpression of TGF-β1 and p-Smad3, as well as MCP-1, TNF-α and IL-1β.
  
  
  
  TGF-β1 vaccine attenuated diabetic nephropathy in OLETF rats through reduction of inflammation, improvement of kidney fibrosis and partial correction of glucose metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Haojun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Meihua
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoguang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
authors.forename: Yuewen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005355:Fibrosis; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051381:Rats; D020334:Rats, Inbred OLETF; D051900:Smad3 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D051900:Smad3 Protein; C497787:Smad3 protein, rat; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic
keywords: OLETF rats; diabetic nephropathy; transforming growth factor beta 1; vaccine