title: Association between Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease, APOE Genotypes and Auditory Verbal Learning Task in Subjective Cognitive Decline, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer's Disease.
abstract: In the course of Alzheimer's disease (AD), early pathological changes in the brain start decades before any clinical manifestation. The concentration levels of AD cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, such as amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ1-42), total tau (T-tau), and phosphorylated tau (P-tau), may reflect a cerebral pathology facilitating an early diagnosis of the disease and predicting a cognitive deterioration. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of AD CSF biomarkers in those individuals with a subjective cognitive decline (SCD), a mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's dementia (AD-D), together with the relationships between the biomarkers, an APOE ɛ4 presence, and a verbal episodic memory performance. We included 252 patients from the memory clinic with a diagnosis of SCD (n = 85), MCI (n = 87), and AD-D (n = 80). A verbal episodic memory performance level was assessed and was based on a delayed recall trial from the 10-word list of an auditory verbal learning task (AVLT). We found that the patients with more severe cognitive impairments had significantly lower levels of Aβ1-42 and higher levels of T-tau and P-tau. This pattern was also typical for the APOE ɛ4 carriers, who had lower levels of Aβ1-42 than the noncarriers in the AD-D and MCI groups. The levels of T-tau and P-tau were significantly higher in the APOE ɛ4 carriers than in the noncarriers, but only in the MCI patients. The AVLT performance in the whole study samples was predicted by age, Aβ1-42, and the T-tau CSF biomarkers, but not by the APOE genotyping.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mandecka
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Budziszewska
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barczak
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pepłońska
authors.affiliation: Neurology Clinic MSW Hospital, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chodakowska-Żebrowska
authors.affiliation: Neurology Clinic MSW Hospital, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Filipek-Gliszczyńska
authors.affiliation: Neurology Clinic MSW Hospital, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nesteruk
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Styczyńska
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barcikowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gabryelewicz
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D010465:Perception; D012307:Risk Factors; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013067:Speech Perception; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D015415:Biomarkers; C054369:MAPT protein, human; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C075222:amyloid beta-protein (1-42); D016875:tau Proteins
keywords: APOE genotype; Alzheimer’s disease; auditory verbal learning task; cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers; diagnosis; mild cognitive impairment; subjective cognitive decline