title: Association of interactions between dietary salt consumption and hypertension-susceptibility genetic polymorphisms with blood pressure among Japanese male workers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Blood pressure is influenced by hereditary factors and dietary habits. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of dietary salt consumption and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on blood pressure (BP).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional analysis of 2728 male participants who participated in a health examination in 2009. Average dietary salt consumption was estimated using electronically collected meal purchase data from cafeteria. A multivariate analysis, adjusting for clinically relevant factors, was conducted to examine whether the effect on BP of salt consumption, SNPs, and interaction between salt consumption and each SNP. This study examined the SNPs AGT rs699 (Met235Thr), ADD1 rs4961 (Gly460Trp), NPPA rs5063 (Val32Met), GPX1 rs1050450 (Pro198Leu), and AGTR1 rs5186 (A1166C) in relation to hypertension and salt sensitivity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BP was not significantly associated with SNPs or salt consumption. The interaction between salt consumption and SNPs with systolic BP showed a significant association in NPPA rs5063 (Val32Met) (P = 0.023) and a marginal trend toward significance in rs4961 and rs1050450 (P = 0.060 and 0.067, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effect of salt consumption on BP differed by genotype. Dietary salt consumption and genetic variation can predict a high risk of hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imaizumi
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan. mando@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakatochi
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Shoichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.affiliation: Department of CKD Initiatives, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Yachiyo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuwatsuka
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Sawako
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Program in Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.affiliation: Safety and Health Promotion Division, Toyota Motor Corporation, Toyota, Japan.
authors.forename: Masamitsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.affiliation: Safety and Health Promotion Division, Toyota Motor Corporation, Toyota, Japan.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.affiliation: Safety and Health Promotion Division, Toyota Motor Corporation, Toyota, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.affiliation: R & D management Division, Toyota Motor Corporation, Toyota, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takamatsu
authors.affiliation: R & D management Division, Toyota Motor Corporation, Toyota, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okajima
authors.affiliation: Innovative Research Center for Preventative Medical Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000235:genetics; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000235:genetics*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004651:Employment; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016272:Occupational Health; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: C472955:NPPA protein, human; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor
keywords: Dietary; Hypertension; NPPA; Single nucleotide polymorphism; Sodium chloride