title: Assessing Fungal Population in Soil Planted with Cry1Ac and CPTI Transgenic Cotton and Its Conventional Parental Line Using 18S and ITS rDNA Sequences over Four Seasons.
abstract: Long-term growth of genetically modified plants (GMPs) has raised concerns regarding their ecological effects. Here, FLX-pyrosequencing of region I (18S) and region II (ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2) rDNA was used to characterize fungal communities in soil samples after 10-year monoculture of one representative transgenic cotton line (TC-10) and 15-year plantation of various transgenic cotton cultivars (TC-15mix) over four seasons. Soil fungal communities in the rhizosphere of non-transgenic control (CC) were also compared. No notable differences were observed in soil fertility variables among CC, TC-10, and TC-15mix. Within seasons, the different estimations were statistically indistinguishable. There were 411 and 2 067 fungal operational taxonomic units in the two regions, respectively. More than 75% of fungal taxa were stable in both CC and TC except for individual taxa with significantly different abundance between TC and CC. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between CC and TC-10, while discrimination of separating TC-15mix from CC and TC-10 with 37.86% explained variance in PCoA and a significant difference of Shannon indexes between TC-10 and TC-15mix were observed in region II. As TC-15mix planted with a mixture of transgenic cottons (Zhongmian-29, 30, and 33B) for over 5 years, different genetic modifications may introduce variations in fungal diversity. Further clarification is necessary by detecting the fungal dynamic changes in sites planted in monoculture of various transgenic cottons. Overall, we conclude that monoculture of one representative transgenic cotton cultivar may have no effect on fungal diversity compared with conventional cotton. Furthermore, the choice of amplified region and methodology has potential to affect the outcome of the comparison between GM-crop and its parental line.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Medicine, Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China.
authors.forename: Xiemin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biosafety, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Biao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Medicine, Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China.
authors.forename: Qinxin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Medicine, Nanjing University Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Bingjie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.affiliation: Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Haiping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Medicine, Nanjing University Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Guohua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhou
keywords: farmland ecosystem; fungal diversity; genetically modified cotton; indicator taxa; pyrosequencing; seasonality