title: Fingolimod hydrochloride gel shows promising therapeutic effects in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy of topically applied 2% hydroxypropyl cellulose gels containing 0.5% fingolimod hydrochloride (FNGL) with or without 6% colloidal oatmeal in an in vivo model of atopic dermatitis (AD).
  
  
  METHODS
  AD-like lesions were induced in SKH1/Hr hairless mice and were treated with FNGL gels, non-medicated base gels and Elidel(®) cream for 6 weeks. The severity/improvement of the lesions was assessed regularly using the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), pH of the skin, transepidermal water loss, g/m(2) /h (TEWL), humidity and temperature. At the end of the experiments, the plasma levels of cytokines, FNGL and white blood cells were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The EASI score was almost unchanged for the vehicle-only groups compared to before the treatments, whereas the medicated groups showed a significant decrease in the overall EASI score (P < 0.01), although there was non-significant differences among them (P > 0.081). Both the FNGL groups also showed a significant (P ˂ 0.05) reduction in blood WBC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that the gels containing 0.50% FNGL and FNGL 0.50% plus 6% colloidal oatmeal have potential for the treatment of AD. The presence of colloidal oatmeal may provide additional benefits.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Mayurkumar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tamakuwala
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Warren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ratna
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA. gstagni@liu.edu.
authors.forename: Grazia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stagni
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D000068876:Fingolimod Hydrochloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005782:Gels / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D000068876:Fingolimod Hydrochloride
keywords: Eczema Area and Severity Index score; T-lymphocyte-driven inflammatory skin disease; atopic dermatitis; colloidal oatmeal (Aveeno®); fingolimod hydrochloride