title: Antioxidant and Carbohydrate-Hydrolysing Enzymes Potential of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz (Cucurbitaceae) Peel, Leaves and Pulp Fresh and Processed.
abstract: Sechum edule peel, leaves and pulp were investigated for their chemical composition (total phenol, flavonoid, carotenoid and vitamin C content), and for antioxidant activity and carbohydrate-hydrolysing enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) inhibition. In order to evaluate the incidence of cooking process on retention of healthy phytochemicals, the pulp was subjected to different treatments (grill roasting, domestic oven baking, microwave cooking, blanching and steaming). Cooking processes reduced the total phenol content (58.5 mg/g extract for fresh pulp vs 26.3 and 29.3 mg/g extract for roasted and steamed samples, respectively). Pulp was found to be the most active in 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) (IC50of 0.1 mg/mL), whereas peel showed the highest activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test (IC50of 0.4 mg/mL). Moreover, peel exhibited the highest inhibitory activity against α-amylase with an IC50of 0.2 mg/mL, except for steamed cooking process, which drastically influenced the bioactivity against both enzymes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences and Nutrition, University of Calabria, (CS), 87036, Rende, Italy. monica_rosa.loizzo@unical.it.
authors.forename: Monica Rosa
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Loizzo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences and Nutrition, University of Calabria, (CS), 87036, Rende, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonesi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences and Nutrition, University of Calabria, (CS), 87036, Rende, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Menichini
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences and Nutrition, University of Calabria, (CS), 87036, Rende, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Concetta
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Tenuta
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences and Nutrition, University of Calabria, (CS), 87036, Rende, Italy.
authors.forename: Mariarosaria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leporini
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences and Nutrition, University of Calabria, (CS), 87036, Rende, Italy.
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tundis
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis; D003296:Cooking; D019662:Cucurbitaceae / Q000201:enzymology*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D006868:Hydrolysis; D016014:Linear Models; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000201:enzymology*; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000378:metabolism; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002338:Carotenoids; D000516:alpha-Amylases; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases; D001205:Ascorbic Acid
keywords: Health properties; Leaves; Peel; Processing; Pulp; Sechium edule