title: Influence of an iron-rich amendment on chemical lability and plant (Raphanus sativus L.) availability of two metallic elements (As and Pb) on mine-impacted agricultural soils.
abstract: Variation of the chemical extractability and phytoavailability of two metallic elements (e.g., As and Pb) on amendment-treated soils was investigated. Four mine-impacted agricultural soils contaminated with both As (174-491 mg kg-1) and Pb (116-357 mg kg-1) were amended with an iron-rich sludge at the rate of 5 % (w/w). After a 4-, 8-, and 16-week incubation, the extractability of metallic elements was assessed by sequential extraction procedure (SEP; F1-F5). The control without amendment was also run. In amended soils, the labile element mass (i.e., F1 + F2) promptly decreased (15-48 % of As and 5-10 % of Pb) in 4 weeks, but the decrement was continued over 16 weeks up to 70 and 28 % for As and Pb, respectively. The labile mass decrement was quantitatively corresponded with the increment of F3 (bound to amorphous metal oxides). In plant test assessed by radish (Raphanus sativus) grown on the 16-week soils, up to 57 % of As and 28 % of Pb accumulation was suppressed and 10-43 % of growth (i.e., shoot/root elongation and fresh weight) was improved. For both the control and amended soils, element uptake by plant was well correlated with their labile soil concentrations (r2= 0.799 and 0.499 for As and Pb, respectively). The results confirmed that the iron-rich material can effectively suppress element uptake during R. sativus seedling growth, most likely due to the chemical stabilization of metallic elements in growth medium.
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, South Korea.
authors.forename: Juhee
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, South Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Seong
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, South Korea. soilhyun@korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Seunghun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hyun
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, 501-759, South Korea.
authors.forename: Deok Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, 404-708, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jun Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods; D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D008906:Mining; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development; D031224:Raphanus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000592:standards; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D007854:Lead; D007501:Iron; D001151:Arsenic
keywords: Amendment; Chemical lability; Contaminated soils; Phytoavailability of As and Pb; Radish (R. sativus)