title: Orthodontic Consideration in Patients with Beta-Thalassemia Major: Case Report and Literature Review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Beta Thalassemia (βT) patients present a unique facial appearance and specific craniofacial, jaw and dental patterns. Although this anomaly often requires orthodontic management, βT patients have received scant attention in the orthodontic and dental literature over the past 50 years. The aim of this article is to review the characteristic craniofacial and dental manifestation pattern of βT patients and to emphasize their preferred orthodontic management protocol by presenting a βT orthodontic treated patient.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 10 year old patient presented with a complaint of severe esthetic and functional disorders due to her diagnosis of βT. We initiated orthodontic treatment including a combined orthopedic and functional treatment modality to improve facial appearance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maxillary restraint and increased mandibular size during treatment along with an increase in the vertical dimension were achieved. The patient presented with Angle class I molar relationship, with reduction of the excessive overjet and deep overbite.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Orthodontic treatment comprised of maxillary orthopedic treatment directed especially toward premaxilla with light forces, and mandibular modification by functional appliance along with fixed orthodontic treatment is recommended in βT patients.
authors.forename: Shmuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Einy
authors.forename: Hagai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hazan-Molina
authors.forename: Ayelet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ben-Barak
authors.forename: Dror
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aizenbud
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D005115:Extraoral Traction Appliances; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy*; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D017289:Orthodontic Appliances, Functional; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D057887:Overbite / Q000628:therapy; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D017086:beta-Thalassemia / Q000150:complications*
keywords: beta thalassemia; children; orthodontic