title: Mechanical properties, biological behaviour and drug release capability of nano TiO2-HAp-Alginate composite scaffolds for potential application as bone implant material.
abstract: Nanocomposite scaffolds of TiO2 and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with alginate as the binding agent were fabricated using the freeze drying technique. TiO2, hydroxyapatite and alginate were used in the ratio of 1:1:4. The scaffolds were characterized using X-ray diffraction, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The biocompatibility of the scaffolds was evaluated using cell adhesion and MTT assay on osteosarcoma (MG-63) cells. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that cells adhered to the surface of the scaffolds with good spreading. The mechanical properties of the scaffolds were investigated using dynamic mechanical analysis. The swelling ability, porosity, in vitro degradation, and biomineralization of the scaffolds were also evaluated. The results indicated controlled swelling, limited degradation, and enhanced biomineralization. Further, drug delivery studies of the scaffolds using the chemotherapeutic drug methotrexate exhibited an ideal drug release profile. These scaffolds are proposed as potential candidates for bone tissue engineering and drug delivery applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa, India.
authors.forename: Kshipra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Naik
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa, India.
authors.forename: V Girish
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Chandran
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa, India.
authors.forename: Raghavan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rajashekaran
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa, India.
authors.forename: Sachin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Waigaonkar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa, India meenal@goa.bits-pilani.ac.in.
authors.forename: Meenal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kowshik
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D019245:Compressive Strength; D004058:Diffusion; D004343:Drug Implants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006244:Hardness; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D053769:Nanocapsules / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D010316:Particle Size; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D004343:Drug Implants; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D053769:Nanocapsules; C009495:titanium dioxide; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D017886:Durapatite; D014025:Titanium; D008727:Methotrexate
keywords: Nanocomposite; biocompatibility; drug delivery; mechanical properties; methotrexate; scaffolds