title: Olive Oil Consumption and Age-Related Macular Degeneration: The Alienor Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Olive oil provides a mixture of lipids and antioxidant nutrients which may help preventing age-related diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, little is known about the associations between olive oil consumption and the risk of AMD.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine associations between olive oil use and AMD prevalence in elderly subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Alienor (Antioxydants, Lipides Essentiels, Nutrition et maladies OculaiRes) is a population-based study on eye diseases performed in elderly residents of Bordeaux (France). In 1999-2000, frequencies of consumption of main categories of dietary fats used were collected. In 2006-2088, AMD was graded from non mydriatic retinal photographs into three exclusive stages: no AMD, early AMD, and late AMD. Two categories of preferred dietary fat used (olive oil, n-3 rich oils, n-6 rich oils, mixed oils, butter and margarine) were defined: "no use" and "regular use" (using fat for spreading and/or cooking and/or dressing). Associations of AMD with each fat use were estimated using Generalized Estimating Equation logistic regressions models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our study included 654 subjects (1269 eyes) with complete data (n = 268 eyes with early AMD and n = 56 with late AMD). After adjustment for potential confounders, regular use of olive oil was significantly associated with a decreased risk of late AMD (odds ratio [OR] = 0.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.21;0.91). In contrast, regular use of olive oil was not significantly associated with early AMD (OR = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.59;1.21). No associations were found between regular consumption of n-3 rich oils, n-6 rich oils, mixed oils, butter and margarine and AMD, whatever the stage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests a protective effect of olive oil consumption for late AMD in this elderly community-dwelling population. Characterization of the mediating nutrients deserves further research.
authors.affiliation: Univ Bordeaux, ISPED, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.|Inserm U1219 -Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cougnard-Grégoire
authors.affiliation: Univ Bordeaux, ISPED, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.|Inserm U1219 -Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Bénédicte M J
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Merle
authors.affiliation: Univ Bordeaux, ISPED, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.|Inserm U1219 -Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.|CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Ophtalmologie, Bordeaux, F-33000, France.
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Korobelnik
authors.affiliation: Univ Bordeaux, ISPED, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.|Inserm U1219 -Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.|CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Ophtalmologie, Bordeaux, F-33000, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Bénédicte
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Rougier
authors.affiliation: Univ Bordeaux, ISPED, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.|Inserm U1219 -Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.|CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Ophtalmologie, Bordeaux, F-33000, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Noëlle
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Delyfer
authors.affiliation: Univ Bordeaux, ISPED, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.|Inserm U1219 -Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Mélanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Le Goff
authors.affiliation: Univ Bordeaux, ISPED, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.|Inserm U1219 -Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Cécilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Samieri
authors.affiliation: Univ Bordeaux, ISPED, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.|Inserm U1219 -Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Dartigues
authors.affiliation: Univ Bordeaux, ISPED, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.|Inserm U1219 -Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Delcourt
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status; D000069463:Olive Oil; D011159:Population Surveillance
chemical_list: D000069463:Olive Oil