title: Assessment of genotoxicity of pyrethrin in cultured human lymphocytes.
abstract: Pyrethrin is an insecticide that is obtained from the Chrysanthemum flower (Pyrethrum). In this study, we examined the genotoxic effects of pyrethrin on cultured human lymphocytes using sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) assays. Cultures were treated with different concentrations of pyrethrin (25, 50, and 100 μg/mL), which was dissolved in in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The results showed that treatment of cultured lymphocytes with pyrethrin at 50 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL induced significant elevation in SCEs (p < 0.05). In addition, the 100 μg/mL concentration significantly affected both mitotic and proliferative indices (p < 0.05). Finally, pyrethrin induced significant elevation in the oxidative stress marker 8-OHdG in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the results suggest that pyrethrin is genotoxic as measured by two independent assays on genetic toxicity.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Basic Medical Sciences , Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University , Zarqa , Jordan.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azab
authors.affiliation: b Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences , Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan.
authors.forename: Omar F
authors.initials: OF
authors.lastname: Khabour
authors.affiliation: c Department of Clinical Pharmacy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan , and.
authors.forename: Karem H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Alzoubi
authors.affiliation: a Department of Basic Medical Sciences , Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University , Zarqa , Jordan.
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hawamdeh
authors.affiliation: b Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences , Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan.
authors.forename: Maram
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Quttina
authors.affiliation: d Department of Applied Biological Sciences , Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan.
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nassar
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000633:toxicity*; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009153:Mutagens; D011722:Pyrethrins; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine
keywords: 8-OHdG; DNA damage; Pyrethrin; sister chromatid exchange