title: 2-Chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA): A Potent Chemotherapeutic and Immunosuppressive Nucleoside.
abstract: Hereditary adenosine deaminase deficiency results in failure of the lymphocyte development. This occurs because of the accumulation of deoxyadenine nucleotides in cells with high deoxycytidine kinase and low 5'-nucleotidase activity. 2-Chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA) resists the action of adenosine deaminase and accumulates in cells with high deoxycytidine kinase and low 5'-nucleotidase activity. It is equally toxic to dividing and nondividing cells and may act by preventing repair of DNA single-strand breaks. In doses of 0.1 mg/kg/day given for seven days 2-CdA manifests low toxicity. It has been found to be effective in the treatment of patients with lymphoid neoplasms, including advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, and hairy cell leukemia. In the latter disorder it appears to be as or more effective than the tight-binding adenosine deaminase inhibitor, deoxycoformycin, and is probably less toxic. 2-CdA also appears to be effective in controlling autoimmune hemolytic anemia and shows promise in the treatment of other autoimmune diseases.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Molecular, Research Institute of Scripps Clinic, 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Beutler
authors.affiliation: b Experimental Medicine Research Institute of Scripps Clinic, 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA.
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Piro
authors.affiliation: b Experimental Medicine Research Institute of Scripps Clinic, 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saven
authors.affiliation: b Experimental Medicine Research Institute of Scripps Clinic, 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Kay
authors.affiliation: b Experimental Medicine Research Institute of Scripps Clinic, 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McMillan
authors.affiliation: b Experimental Medicine Research Institute of Scripps Clinic, 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Longmire
authors.affiliation: b Experimental Medicine Research Institute of Scripps Clinic, 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Carrera
authors.affiliation: b Experimental Medicine Research Institute of Scripps Clinic, 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Morin
authors.affiliation: b Experimental Medicine Research Institute of Scripps Clinic, 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037, USA.
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Carson
keywords: 2 chlorodeoxyadenosine; 2-CdA; hairy cell leukemia; lymphoid leukemias