title: Soluble corn fiber increases bone calcium retention in postmenopausal women in a dose-dependent manner: a randomized crossover trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dietary soluble corn fiber (SCF) significantly improves calcium absorption in adolescents and the bone strength and architecture in rodent models.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we aimed to determine the skeletal benefits of SCF in postmenopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used our novel technology of determining bone calcium retention by following the urinary appearance of (41)Ca, a rare long-lived radioisotope, from prelabeled bone to rapidly and sensitively evaluate the effectiveness of SCF in reducing bone loss. A randomized-order, crossover, double-blinded trial was performed in 14 healthy postmenopausal women to compare doses of 0, 10, and 20 g fiber from SCF/d for 50 d.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A dose-response effect was shown with 10 and 20 g fiber from SCF/d, whereby bone calcium retention was improved by 4.8% (P < 0.05) and 7% (P < 0.04), respectively. The bone turnover biomarkers N-terminal telopeptide and osteocalcin were not changed by the interventions; however, a significant increase in bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, which is a bone-formation marker, was detected between 0 and 20 g fiber from SCF/d (8%; P = 0.035).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Daily SCF consumption significantly increased bone calcium retention in postmenopausal women, which improved the bone calcium balance by an estimated 50 mg/d. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02416947.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Food Science.
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Jakeman
authors.affiliation: Statistics.
authors.forename: Courtney N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Science, and.
authors.forename: Berdine R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Statistics.
authors.forename: George P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: McCabe
authors.affiliation: Statistics.
authors.forename: Linda D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: McCabe
authors.affiliation: Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN; and.
authors.forename: George S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN.
authors.forename: Munro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peacock
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Science, and weavercm@purdue.edu.
authors.forename: Connie M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Weaver
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D002132:Calcium Radioisotopes; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005527:Food, Fortified / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007196:Indiana; D008875:Middle Aged; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000652:urine; D056692:Prebiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D012995:Solubility; D051598:Whole Body Imaging; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D002132:Calcium Radioisotopes; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D056692:Prebiotics
keywords: 41Ca; bone calcium retention; bone-specific alkaline phosphatase; postmenopausal women; soluble corn fiber