title: Associations of autophagy with lung diffusion capacity and oxygen saturation in severe COPD: effects of particulate air pollution.
abstract: Although traffic exposure has been associated with the development of COPD, the role of particulate matter <10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) in the pathogenesis of COPD is not yet fully understood. We assessed the 1-year effect of exposure to PM10 on the pathogenesis of COPD in a retrospective cohort study. We recruited 53 subjects with COPD stages III and IV and 15 healthy controls in a hospital in Taiwan. We estimated the 1-year annual mean levels of PM10 at all residential addresses of the cohort participants. Changes in PM10 for the 1-year averages in quintiles were related to diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide levels (r=-0.914, P=0.029), changes in the pulse oxygen saturation (ΔSaO2; r=-0.973, P=0.005), receptor for advanced glycation end-products (r=-0.881, P=0.048), interleukin-6 (r=0.986, P=0.002), ubiquitin (r=0.940, P=0.017), and beclin 1 (r=0.923, P=0.025) in COPD. Next, we observed that ubiquitin was correlated with ΔSaO2 (r=-0.374, P=0.019). Beclin 1 was associated with diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (r=-0.362, P=0.028), ΔSaO2 (r=-0.354, P=0.032), and receptor for advanced glycation end-products (r=-0.471, P=0.004). Autophagy may be an important regulator of the PM10-related pathogenesis of COPD, which could cause deterioration in the lung diffusion capacity and oxygen saturation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Kang-Yun
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital; School of Respiratory Therapy.
authors.forename: Ling-Ling
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital; School of Respiratory Therapy.
authors.forename: Shu-Chuan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine; School of Respiratory Therapy.
authors.forename: Wen-Te
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital.
authors.forename: Tzu-Tao
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Po-Hao
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital; School of Respiratory Therapy.
authors.forename: Chien-Ling
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine; School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kai-Jen
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Chih-Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine; School of Respiratory Therapy.
authors.forename: Hsiao-Chi
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chuang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001343:Autophagy; D000071186:Beclin-1 / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011653:Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products / Q000097:blood; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013624:Taiwan; D013997:Time Factors; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C000593871:AGER protein, human; D000393:Air Pollutants; C491997:BECN1 protein, human; D000071186:Beclin-1; D015415:Biomarkers; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D052638:Particulate Matter; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D025801:Ubiquitin; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: 6-minute walk distance; air pollution; beclin 1; lung function; receptor for advanced glycation end-products