title: Upregulation of LINC-AP2 is negatively correlated with AP2 gene expression with Turnip crinkle virus infection in Arabidopsis thaliana.
abstract: A long intergenic noncoding RNA LINC - AP2 is upregulated and negatively correlated with AP2 gene expression with Turnip crinkle virus infection in Arabidopsis. Plant vegetative growth and floral reproductive structure were severely retarded and distorted in Turnip crinkle virus (TCV)-infected Arabidopsis thaliana. Compared to mock-inoculated plants, the stamen filaments were shorter in flowers of TCV-infected plants. However, TCV-infected plants can still produce normal seeds through artificial pollination, indicating both its pollen and stigma were biologically functional. From our high-throughput RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis, a floral structure-related APETALA2 (AP2) gene was found to be downregulated and its neighboring long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNA), At4NC069370 (named LINC-AP2 in this study), were upregulated significantly in TCV-infected plants. This LINC-AP2 was further confirmed for its existence using 5'RACE technology. LINC-AP2 overexpression (LINC-AP2 OE) transgenic Arabidopsis plants were generated to compare with TCV-infected WT plants. TCV-infected LINC-AP2 OE plants which contained lower AP2 gene expression displayed more severe symptoms (including floral structure distortion) and higher TCV-CP gene transcript and coat protein levels. Furthermore, compared to TCV-infected WT plants, TCV-infected ap2 mutant plants failed to open their flower buds and displayed more severe viral symptoms. In conclusion, upregulation of LINC-AP2 is negatively correlated with AP2 gene expression with TCV infection in Arabidopsis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Ruimin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: NUS High School of Mathematics and Science, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Irwanto
authors.affiliation: NUS High School of Mathematics and Science, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: De Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Loh
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. dbswsm@nus.edu.sg.|Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore, Singapore. dbswsm@nus.edu.sg.|National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu, China. dbswsm@nus.edu.sg.
authors.forename: Sek-Man
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000821:virology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019184:Carmovirus / Q000502:physiology*; D035264:Flowers / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C499534:APETALA2 protein, Arabidopsis; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: Floral structure; LINC-AP2; Long intergenic noncoding RNAs; RNA-Seq; TCV; Transcriptome analysis