title: In vitro model adapted to the study of skin ageing induced by air pollution.
abstract: More than a barrier against environmental agents, skin reflects individual health and is a visible sign of ageing with the progressive loss of skin integrity. In order to evaluate the consequences of an environmental complex mixture, with tobacco smoke (TS) as model, on cellular and morphological changes, a 3D skin model was used. Morphologically, tissue integrity was intact after one TS-exposure while the superficial layers were drastically reduced after two TS-exposures. However, TS modified epidermal organisation at the molecular level after just one exposure. A decrease in loricrin protein staining was showed in the epidermis, while production of inflammatory cytokines (IL-8, IL-1α, IL-18) and metalloproteinase (MMP-1, MMP-3) were stimulated. Oxidative stress was also illustrated with an increase in 4-HNE protein staining. Moreover, terminal differentiation, cell-cell junction and anchorage gene expression was down-regulated in our model after one TS-exposure. In conclusion, tobacco smoke impacted the fundamental functions of skin, namely tissue anchorage, cornification and skin desquamation. Oxidative stress resulted in skin ageing. The tissue was even reactive with the inflammatory pathways, after one TS-exposure. The 3D-RHE model is appropriate for evaluating the impact of environmental pollutants on skin ageing.
authors.affiliation: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité - Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, EA 4064, Laboratoire de Santé Publique et Environnement, Paris, France; Laboratoires Clarins, Centre de Recherche, Pontoise, France. Electronic address: s.lecas@laposte.net.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lecas
authors.affiliation: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité - Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, EA 4064, Laboratoire de Santé Publique et Environnement, Paris, France. Electronic address: elsa.bourcier@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Elsa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Boursier
authors.affiliation: Laboratoires Clarins, Centre de Recherche, Pontoise, France. Electronic address: richard.fitoussi@clarins.com.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fitoussi
authors.affiliation: Laboratoires Clarins, Centre de Recherche, Pontoise, France. Electronic address: katell.vie@clarins.net.
authors.forename: Katell
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vié
authors.affiliation: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité - Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, EA 4064, Laboratoire de Santé Publique et Environnement, Paris, France. Electronic address: isabelle.momas@parisdescartes.fr.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Momas
authors.affiliation: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité - Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, EA 4064, Laboratoire de Santé Publique et Environnement, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Biochimie, Paris, France. Electronic address: nathalie.seta@parisdescartes.fr.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Seta
authors.affiliation: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité - Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, EA 4064, Laboratoire de Santé Publique et Environnement, Paris, France. Electronic address: sophie.achard@parisdescartes.fr.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Achard
mesh_terms: D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects*; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution
keywords: 3D-in vitro model; Air pollutant; Air-liquid exposure; Skin ageing; Tobacco smoke exposure