title: Dissociable Fronto-Operculum-Insula Control Signals for Anticipation and Detection of Inhibitory Sensory Cue.
abstract: The ability to anticipate and detect behaviorally salient stimuli is important for virtually all adaptive behaviors, including inhibitory control that requires the withholding of prepotent responses when instructed by external cues. Although right fronto-operculum-insula (FOI), encompassing the anterior insular cortex (rAI) and inferior frontal cortex (rIFC), involvement in inhibitory control is well established, little is known about signaling mechanisms underlying their differential roles in detection and anticipation of salient inhibitory cues. Here we use 2 independent functional magnetic resonance imaging data sets to investigate dynamic causal interactions of the rAI and rIFC, with sensory cortex during detection and anticipation of inhibitory cues. Across 2 different experiments involving auditory and visual inhibitory cues, we demonstrate that primary sensory cortex has a stronger causal influence on rAI than on rIFC, suggesting a greater role for the rAI in detection of salient inhibitory cues. Crucially, a Bayesian prediction model of subjective trial-by-trial changes in inhibitory cue anticipation revealed that the strength of causal influences from rIFC to rAI increased significantly on trials in which participants had higher anticipation of inhibitory cues. Together, these results demonstrate the dissociable bottom-up and top-down roles of distinct FOI regions in detection and anticipation of behaviorally salient cues across multiple sensory modalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Weidong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Tianwen
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
authors.forename: Jaime S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ide
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry.|Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
authors.forename: Chiang-Shan R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.|Program in Neuroscience.|Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Vinod
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Menon
mesh_terms: D059031:Anticipation, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003463:Cues; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D016014:Linear Models; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008959:Models, Neurological; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: dynamic causal modeling; fMRI; human; prefrontal cortex; response inhibition