title: Novel Antigen Detection Assay to Monitor Therapeutic Efficacy of Visceral Leishmaniasis.
abstract: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) diagnosis is routinely performed by invasive liver, spleen, bone marrow, or lymph node biopsies, followed by microscopic identification of the parasites. Conventional serological tests cannot distinguish active disease from asymptomatic VL or from cured infection. Here, we report the initial validation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assembled to detect the Leishmania infantum/donovani antigens iron superoxide dismutase 1 (Li-isd1), tryparedoxin 1 (Li-trx1), and nuclear transport factor 2 (Li-ntf2) as a tool to monitor therapeutic efficacy of VL. The assembled ELISA detected the antigens in the urine samples from seven VL patients before initiation of therapy. Importantly, the antigens were no longer detected in all patients after completion of the treatment. These preliminary observations point to a promising tool to follow treatment efficacy of VL.
authors.affiliation: DetectoGen Inc., Grafton, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Abeijon
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: Om Prakash
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: Jaya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chakravarty
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: Shyam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sundar
authors.affiliation: DetectoGen Inc., Grafton, Massachusetts. Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts. acampos@forsyth.org.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Campos-Neto
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology*; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000652:urine*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D002645:Chickens; D003840:Deoxycholic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D006801:Humans; D018314:Leishmania infantum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D029543:Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000652:urine; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000652:urine*; D011817:Rabbits; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000276:immunology / Q000652:urine; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000276:immunology / Q000652:urine; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D015415:Biomarkers; D004338:Drug Combinations; D029543:Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Proteins; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C114110:tryparedoxin; D003840:Deoxycholic Acid; D013879:Thioredoxins; D000666:Amphotericin B; C059765:amphotericin B, deoxycholate drug combination; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase