title: Association between Breast Milk and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Single Center Observational Study.
abstract: IntroductionBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a frequent, long-term complication in very low-birth-weight (VLBW) newborns. Its etiology is multifactorial and the oxidative stress is one of its main causes. Breast milk (BM) reduces oxidative stress and provides antioxidant protection, therefore, BM may have a protective effect against BPD.ObjectivesThis study aims to assess the possible protective effects of BM on BPD.MethodsThis is a cohort study including infants with a birth weight below 1,500 g and/or gestational age of less than 32 weeks, born between January 2011 and October 2014. BPD was defined as the need for supplementary oxygen for 28 days or more.ResultsThe incidence of BPD was 29.1%. The median amount of BM received by the patients in the first 6 weeks of life was significantly higher in patients without BPD (10.8 mL/kg/day) than in those with BPD (2.3 mL/kg/day). The amount of BM received was inversely associated with the incidence of BPD, even after multivariate analysis. The cutoff point at which the protective effect emerged was an average amount of 7 mL/kg/day of BM during the first 42 days of life.ConclusionFeeding VLBW infants with BM is associated with a lower risk of developing BPD.
authors.affiliation: Neonatology Section, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital da Criança Conceição (HCC), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciana T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.affiliation: Neonatology Section, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital da Criança Conceição (HCC), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Denise C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Senna
authors.affiliation: Neonatology Section, Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rita C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Silveira
authors.affiliation: Neonatology Section, Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renato S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Procianoy
mesh_terms: D019540:Area Under Curve; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D008297:Male; D008895:Milk, Human; D010102:Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; D065840:Protective Factors; D012372:ROC Curve