title: Magnetofection Based on Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Weakens Glioma Stem Cell Proliferation and Invasion by Mediating High Expression of MicroRNA-374a.
abstract: Glioma stem cells belong to a special subpopulation of glioma cells that are characterized by strong proliferation, invasion and drug resistance capabilities. Magnetic nanoparticles are nanoscale biological materials with magnetic properties. In this study, CD133(+) primary glioma stem cells were isolated from patients and cultured. Then, magnetic nanoparticles were used to mediate the transfection and expression of a microRNA-374a overexpression plasmid in the glioma stem cells. Transmission electron microscopy detected the presence of significant magnetic nanoparticle substances within the CD133(+) glioma stem cells after transfection. The qRT-PCR and Northern blot results showed that the magnetic nanoparticles could be used to achieve the transfection of the microRNA-374a overexpression plasmid into glioma stem cells and the efficient expression of mature microRNA-374a. The MTT and flow cytometry results showed that the proliferation inhibition rate was significantly higher in cells from the microRNA-374a transfection group than in cells from the microRNA-mut transfection group; additionally, the former cells presented significant cell cycle arrest. The Transwell experiments confirmed that the overexpression of microRNA-374a could significantly reduce the invasiveness of CD133(+) glioma stem cells. Moreover, the high expression of microRNA-374a mediated by the magnetic nanoparticles effectively reduced the tumourigenicity of CD133(+) glioma stem cells in nude mice. The luciferase assays revealed that mature microRNA-374a fragments could bind to the 3'UTR of Neuritin (NRN1), thereby interfering with Neuritin mRNA expression. The qRT-PCR and Western blotting results showed that the overexpression of microRNA-374a significantly reduced the expression of genes such as NRN1, CCND1, CDK4 and Ki67 in glioma stem cells. Thus, magnetic nanoparticles can efficiently mediate the transfection and expression of microRNA expression plasmids in mammalian cells. The overexpression of microRNA-374a can effectively silence NRN1 expression, thereby inhibiting the proliferation, invasion and in vivo tumourigenicity of human glioma stem cells.
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China;
authors.forename: Zhiguang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China;
authors.forename: Zhifeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China;
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: 2. Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Research Center of Aging Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;
authors.forename: Fengyan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China;
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: 3. Laboratoire PROTEE, Bâtiment R, Université du Sud Toulon-Var, 83957 LA GARDE Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Yongyi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: 4. Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China.; 5. Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
authors.forename: Te
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China;
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mao
keywords: Glioma stem cells (GSCs); Magnetofection based on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs); Neuritin (NRN1); Proliferation and invasion.; microRNA-374a (miR-374a)