title: PREDICTIVE PHARMACOKINETICS OF TRAMADOL HYDROCHLORIDE FLOATING TABLETS.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to propose the effectiveness of convolution approach to predict pharmacokinetics of tramadol hydrochloride floating tablets, prepared by using various ratios of carbopol, HPMC K100M, and Hibiscus rosa Sinensis as excipient. The in vitro dissolution test was conducted using paddle method in 900 mL of HCl buffer with pH 1.2 to simulate the gastric condition. The stirring speed of paddles was set at 70 rpm. Temperature of dissolution medium was adjusted at 37 ± 5 °C. At predetermined time points, 5 mL of dissolution samples were taken with a replacement of same volume using fresh medium. The obtained samples were analyzed at 271 nm using UV visible spectrophotometer. The values of predicted pharmacokinetic parameters like Cmax (maximum blood drug level), Tmax (time required to attain maximum blood drug level), and AUC (area under blood drug concentration curve) ranged between 80.8 ± 3.2-119.6 ± 4.7 ng/mL, 11.4 ± 0.2-12.2 ± 0.2 h, and 1430.5 ± 209.5-1970.6 ± 287.4 ng.h/mL, respectively. This certainly is a desired feature required at the formulation development step, where the formulator requires the development of a formulation using desired in vivo features on the basis of only accessible in vitro data. It can be concluded from the results that convolution method is a practical method for the prediction of drug concentration in blood and for quality control.
authors.forename: Jianming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yanzhen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhiling
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Qingwen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Yongjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D005079:Excipients; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D012995:Solubility; D013607:Tablets; D014147:Tramadol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D005079:Excipients; D013607:Tablets; D014147:Tramadol