title: Preparedness and response to chemical and biological threats: the role of exposure science.
abstract: There are multiple components to emergency preparedness and the response to chemical and biological threat agents. The 5Rs framework (rescue, reentry, recovery, restoration, and rehabitation) outlines opportunities to apply exposure science in emergency events. Exposure science provides guidance and refined tools for characterizing, assessing, and reducing risks from catastrophic events, such as the release of hazardous airborne chemicals or biological agents. Important challenges to be met include deployment of assets, including medications, before and after an emergency response situation. Assessment of past studies demonstrates the value of integrating exposure science methods into risk analysis and the management of catastrophic events.
authors.affiliation: Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey.|Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lioy
authors.affiliation: Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey.|Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey.
authors.forename: Jeffrey D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Laskin
authors.affiliation: Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI), Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey. panosg@ccl.rutgers.edu.|Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey. panosg@ccl.rutgers.edu.
authors.forename: Panos G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Georgopoulos
mesh_terms: D054045:Biological Warfare Agents; D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D002959:Civil Defense / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D004189:Disaster Planning / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D023481:Terrorism / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000639:trends; D000067453:War Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D054045:Biological Warfare Agents; D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents
keywords: airborne chemical and biological agents; anthrax; emergency preparedness; exposure modeling; hazardous releases; population exposures