title: Novel immunological strategies for HIV-1 eradication.
abstract: Despite the significant advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-1 is able to persist in cellular reservoirs. Preclinical studies suggest that the latent reservoir is established within days of virus exposure, even before virus can be detected in peripheral blood. Latently infected cells remain undetectable by the immune system and can persist for years without losing their ability to produce infectious virus when ART is discontinued. Novel concepts for viral eradication strategies combine pharmacological induction of latently infected cells to produce virus together with immune-enhancing interventions to enable the host to clear these cells. In this review, we describe the early establishment of HIV-1 latency and discuss current strategies to disrupt latency and potentially enable clearance of these persistently infected cells.
authors.affiliation: Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jülg
authors.affiliation: Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Barouch
keywords: HIV-1 cure; HIV-1 latency; HIV-1 reservoir; latency disruption; therapeutic vaccines