title: The More Things Change, the More They Stay the Same: Thirty Years of Fetal Monitoring in Perspective.
abstract: Thirty years ago, the inaugural issue of The Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing was published and the entire perinatal portion of the journal was devoted to electronic fetal monitoring (EFM). This article provides a historical perspective on EFM in perinatal care since the 1980s by exploring the similarities and differences of the state of the science presented in that first issue. Both EFM and intermittent auscultation are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Perinatal Risk Management and Education Services, Portland, Oregon.
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D015148:Cardiotocography / Q000266:history / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006326:Heart Auscultation / Q000379:methods; D006340:Heart Rate, Fetal; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D018743:Perinatal Care / Q000266:history / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D011643:Publishing