title: Anti-Respiratory Syncytial Virus Compounds from Two Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Nigerian Medicinal Plants.
abstract: Background:Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is known to cause severe respiratory infections particularly in infants younger than 2 years of age. The only approved drug, ribavirin, is expensive and is not likely to improve therapeutic outcome, thereby necessitating the search for safer and more potent alternatives from natural sources such as endophytic fungi. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-RSV activity of compounds from endophytic fungi.Methods:Two endophytic fungiColletotrichum gloeosporioidesandPestalotiopsis theawere isolated from the fresh leaves of the host Nigerian plantsAnthocleista djalonensisandFagara zanthoxyloides,respectively. After fermentation in solid rice media,C. gloeosporioidesafforded 4 known compounds 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (1), vanillic acid (2), ferulic acid (3) and Nb-acetyltryptamine (4)whileP. theaafforded 3 known compounds chloroisosulochrin (5), ficipyrone A (6) and pestheic acid (7). The compounds were investigated for their anti-RSV activity using the HEP-2 cell lines and ribavirin as the standard drug.Results:Compound5was found to show the strongest inhibition of the RSV with IC50of 4.22±1.03 µM (ribavirin 4.91±1.85 µM). Other compounds showed moderate inhibition of the virus (IC50ranging from 45.00±0.98 to 259.23±2.36 µM).Conclusion:The results of the present study have shown that chloroisosulochrin (5), isolated from an endophytic fungusP. thea,possesses strong activity against RSV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Uzor
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Odimegwu
authors.affiliation: Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ebrahim
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
authors.forename: P O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Osadebe
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Nwodo
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
authors.forename: F B C
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Okoye
authors.affiliation: Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Proksch
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020231:Colletotrichum / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009549:Nigeria; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / Q000187:drug effects*; D013098:Xylariales / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents