title: Clinical and prognostic significance of serum transforming growth factor-beta1 levels in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
abstract: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor 5-year survival rate of 5%. Biomarkers for the early detection of pancreatic cancer are urgently needed. Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) is elevated in the tissues and plasma of patients with PDAC. However, no studies systemically report prognostic significance of plasma TGF-β1 levels in PDAC. In the present study, we assessed the prognostic significance of serum TGF-β levels in patients with PDAC. TGF-β levels were determined in serum from 146 PDAC patients, and 58 patients with benign pancreatic conditions. Regression models were used to correlate TGF-β levels to gender, age, stage, class, and metastasis. Survival analyses were performed using multivariate Cox models. Serum levels of TGF-β1 distinguished PDAC from benign pancreatic conditions (P<0.001) and healthy control subjects (P<0.001). Serum levels of TGF-β also distinguished tumor stage (P=0.002) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.001). High serum levels of TGF-β1 were significantly correlated with reduced patient survival. Multivariate analysis revealed that TGF-β1, lymph node metastasis and tumor stage were independent factors for PDAC survival. Our results indicate that serum TGF-β1 may be used as a potential prognostic marker for PDAC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Weifang, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Shandong, China.|Department of Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Zhangqiu, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Shandong, China.|Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1