title: A review of chitosan and its derivatives in bone tissue engineering.
abstract: Critical-sized bone defects treated with biomaterials offer an efficient alternative to traditional methods involving surgical reconstruction, allografts, and metal implants. Chitosan, a natural biopolymer is widely studied for bone regeneration applications owing to its tunable chemical and biological properties. However, the potential of chitosan to repair bone defects is limited due to its water insolubility, faster in vivo depolymerization, hemo-incompatibility, and weak antimicrobial property. Functionalization of chitosan structure through various chemical modifications provides a solution to these limitations. In this review, current trends of using chitosan as a composite with other polymers and ceramics, and its modifications such as quaternization, carboxyalkylation, hydroxylation, phosphorylation, sulfation and copolymerization in bone tissue engineering are elaborated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: LogithKumar
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: KeshavNarayan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dhivya
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chawla
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saravanan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: selvamn2@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Selvamurugan
mesh_terms: D000478:Alkylation; D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D010766:Phosphorylation; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry; D023822:Tissue Engineering
chemical_list: D013431:Sulfates; D048271:Chitosan
keywords: Biomaterials; Bone tissue engineering; Chitosan; Osteoblasts; Stem cells