title: Influence of physical properties of carrier on the performance of dry powder inhalers.
abstract: Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) offer distinct advantages as a means of pulmonary drug delivery and have attracted much attention in the field of pharmaceutical science. DPIs commonly contain micronized drug particles which, because of their cohesiveness and strong propensity to aggregate, have poor aerosolization performance. Thus carriers with a larger particle size are added to address this problem. However, the performance of DPIs is profoundly influenced by the physical properties of the carrier, particularly their particle size, morphology/shape and surface roughness. Because these factors are interdependent, it is difficult to completely understand how they individually influence DPI performance. The purpose of this review is to summarize and illuminate how these factors affect drug-carrier interaction and influence the performance of DPIs.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Shiqi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Boyi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Xinyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Xuejuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou Neworld Pharm. Co. Ltd., Guangzhou 51006, China.
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Research Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Guangzhou 510006, China.
authors.forename: Chuanbin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
keywords: API, active pharmaceutical ingredient; CLF, coarse lactose fines; Carrier; DPI, dry powder inhaler; Dry powder inhaler; ED, emission dose; ER, elongation ratio; FLF, fine lactose fines; FPF, fine particle fraction; FR, flatness ratio; Fshape, shape factor; Fsurface, surface factor; MFV, minimum fluidization velocity; Morphology; PDD, pulmonary drug delivery; Particle size; Performance; RO, roundness; Surface roughness; dae, aerodynamic diameter; pMDI, pressurized metered-dose inhaler