title: Materials and surface modification for tissue engineered vascular scaffolds.
abstract: Although vascular implantation has been used as an effective treatment for cardiovascular disease for many years, off-the-shelf and regenerable vascular scaffolds are still not available. Tissue engineers have tested various materials and methods of surface modification in the attempt to develop a scaffold that is more suitable for implantation. Extracellular matrix-based natural materials and biodegradable polymers, which are the focus of this review, are considered to be suitable materials for production of tissue-engineered vascular grafts. Various methods of surface modification that have been developed will also be introduced, their impacts will be summarized and assessed, and challenges for further research will briefly be discussed.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , PR China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Kui
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , PR China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Shi
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , PR China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , PR China.
authors.forename: Hao-Yong
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , PR China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , PR China.
authors.forename: Zhen-Jie
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , PR China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , PR China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: a Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha , PR China.
authors.forename: Si-Ming
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D006801:Humans; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011108:Polymers
keywords: Tissue engineering; endothelialization; surface modification; vascular disease; vascular grafts