title: Wild Prunus Fruit Species as a Rich Source of Bioactive Compounds.
abstract: Sugars, organic acids, carotenoids, tocopherols, chlorophylls, and phenolic compounds were quantified in fruit of 4 wild growing Prunus species (wild cherry, bird cherry, blackthorn, and mahaleb cherry) using HPLC-DAD-MSn. In wild Prunus, the major sugars were glucose and fructose, whereas malic and citric acids dominated among organic acids. The most abundant classes of phenolic compounds in the analyzed fruit species were anthocyanins, flavonols, derivatives of cinnamic acids, and flavanols. Two major groups of anthocyanins measured in Prunus fruits were cyanidin-3-rutinoside and cyanidin-3-glucoside. Flavonols were represented by 19 derivatives of quercetin, 10 derivatives of kaempferol, and 2 derivatives of isorhamnetin. The highest total flavonol content was measured in mahaleb cherry and bird cherry, followed by blackthorn and wild cherry fruit. Total phenolic content varied from 2373 (wild cherry) to 11053 mg GAE per kg (bird cherry) and ferric reducing antioxidant power antioxidant activity from 7.26 to 31.54 mM trolox equivalents per kg fruits.
authors.affiliation: Chair for Fruit, Viticulture and Vegetable Growing, Dept. of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, Univ. of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mikulic-Petkovsek
authors.affiliation: Chair for Fruit, Viticulture and Vegetable Growing, Dept. of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, Univ. of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Franci
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stampar
authors.affiliation: Chair for Fruit, Viticulture and Vegetable Growing, Dept. of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, Univ. of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Veberic
authors.affiliation: Chair for Applied Botany, Ecology, Plant Physiology and Informatics, Dept. of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, Univ. of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sircelj
mesh_terms: D000143:Acids / Q000032:analysis; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D044948:Flavonols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027861:Prunus / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000143:Acids; D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D002241:Carbohydrates; D044948:Flavonols; D005960:Glucosides; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; C462279:cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside; C428983:cyanidin 3-rutinoside
keywords: P. mahaleb; P. padus; P. spinosa; Prunus avium; antioxidant activity; carotenoids; phenolics; sugars acids