title: Nanofibrous polymeric beads from aramid fibers for efficient bilirubin removal.
abstract: Polymer based hemoperfusion has been developed as an effective therapy to remove the extra bilirubin from patients. However, the currently applied materials suffer from either low removal efficiency or poor blood compatibility. In this study, we report the development of a new class of nanofibrous absorbent that exhibited high bilirubin removal efficiency and good blood compatibility. The Kevlar nanofiber was prepared by dissolving micron-sized Kevlar fiber in proper solvent, and the beads were prepared by dropping Kevlar nanofiber solutions into ethanol. Owing to the nanofiborous structure of the Kevlar nanofiber, the beads displayed porous structures and large specific areas, which would facilitate the adsorption of toxins. In the adsorption test, it was noticed that the beads possessed an adsorption capacity higher than 40 mg g(-1) towards bilirubin. In plasma mimetic solutions, the beads still showed high bilirubin removal efficiency. Furthermore, after incorporating with carbon nanotubes, the beads were found to have increased adsorption capacity for human degradation waste. Moreover, the beads showed excellent blood compatibility in terms of a low hemolysis ratio, prolonged clotting times, suppressed coagulant activation, limited platelet activation, and inhibited blood related inflammatory activation. Additionally, the beads showed good compatibility with endothelial cells. In general, the Kevlar nanofiber beads, which integrated with high adsorption capacity, good blood compatibility and low cytotoxicity, may have great potential for hemoperfusion and some other applications in biomedical fields.
authors.affiliation: College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China. Chuanxiong_Nie@163.com zhaochsh70@163.com zhaochsh70@scu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zihang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China. Chuanxiong_Nie@163.com zhaochsh70@163.com zhaochsh70@scu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China. Chuanxiong_Nie@163.com zhaochsh70@163.com zhaochsh70@scu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jiyue
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China. Chuanxiong_Nie@163.com zhaochsh70@163.com zhaochsh70@scu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Chuanxiong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.affiliation: College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China. Chuanxiong_Nie@163.com zhaochsh70@163.com zhaochsh70@scu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China. Chuanxiong_Nie@163.com zhaochsh70@163.com zhaochsh70@scu.edu.cn and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitat Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Chong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China. Chuanxiong_Nie@163.com zhaochsh70@163.com zhaochsh70@scu.edu.cn and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
authors.forename: Changsheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006464:Hemoperfusion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C039578:Kevlar Aramid fibers; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D011108:Polymers; D001663:Bilirubin