title: The Orchestra and Its Maestro: Shigella's Fine-Tuning of the Inflammasome Platforms.
abstract: Shigella spp. are the causative agents of bacillary dysentery, leading to extensive mortality and morbidity worldwide. These facultative intracellular bacteria invade the epithelium of the colon and the rectum, inducing a severe inflammatory response from which the symptoms of the disease originate. Shigella are human pathogens able to manipulate and subvert the innate immune system surveillance. Shigella dampens inflammasome activation in epithelial cells. In infected macrophages, inflammasome activation and IL-1β and IL-18 release lead to massive neutrophil recruitment and greatly contribute to inflammation. Here, we describe how Shigella hijacks and finely tunes inflammasome activation in the different cell populations involved in pathogenesis: epithelial cells, macrophages, neutrophils, DCs, and B and T lymphocytes. Shigella emerges as a "sly" pathogen that switches on/off the inflammasome mechanisms in order to optimize the interaction with the host and establish a successful infection.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin", Sapienza-Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna-Karin
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Hermansson
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin", Sapienza-Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Ida
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Paciello
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin", Sapienza-Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy. marialina.bernardini@uniroma1.it.|Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin", Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza-Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy. marialina.bernardini@uniroma1.it.
authors.forename: Maria Lina
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bernardini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004405:Dysentery, Bacillary / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D058847:Inflammasomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D012760:Shigella / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D058847:Inflammasomes
keywords: Cell death; Dendritic cells; Epithelial cells; IL-18; IL-1β; Inflammasome; Inflammatory response; Lymphocytes; Macrophages; NLRC4; Neutrophils; Pyroptosis; Shigella; T3SS