title: The Effect of Complete Decongestive Therapy on Edema Volume Reduction and Pain in Women With Post Breast Surgery Lymph Edema.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Upper extremity lymph edema is the most common side effect of breast cancer treatment that may produce significant physical and psychological morbidity. Pain is the frequent symptom of lymph edema that causes impairment of activities in daily life.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was assessment of the effect of complex decongestive therapy (CDT) on upper extremity lymph edema and pain in women with post breast surgery lymph edema.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this quasi- experimental research with before- after design, 36 women with moderate lymph edema after breast surgery participated in the program. Edema volume was measured by water displacement method; pain values were evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS). Data were recorded before intervention and 2 and 4 weeks after it. CDT included the first phase (intensive phase) and the second phase (maintenance phase). Each phase lasted 2 weeks. After use of Shapiro Wilk test for normality, analysis of variances with GEE and repeated measurements were used to analyze the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After one month doing CDT program, significant decrease of edema was noticed (P < 0.0001), also pain decreased during 2 and 4 weeks after intervention (P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicated that CDT program is effective in reducing lymph edema volume and pain in women with moderate post breast surgery lymph edema. It seems that raising patients' awareness and training healthcare professionals regarding lymph edema preventive strategies have an important role in earlier and better combating this complication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Therapy, Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Angooti Oshnari
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Ali
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Shahpar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haghighat
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
authors.forename: Samaneh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hossein Zadeh
keywords: Breast Cancer; Complex Decongestive Therapy; Lymph Edema; Pain