title: Pharmacokinetics of homoplantaginin in rats following intravenous, peritoneal injection and oral administration.
abstract: The purpose of the present paper was to study the pharmacokinetic characteristics of homoplantaginin, a major active ingredient of Salvia plebeia R.Br. In this study, the effective partition coefficient, in situ absorption in rat intestinal segments and in vitro biotransformation of homoplantaginin by rat intestinal bacteria were determined. In addition, homoplantaginin was administered to rats by intravenous, peritoneal injection and oral administration. The concentrations of homoplantaginin and hispidulin, a metabolite of homoplantaginin, were determined by a validated highperformance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay. After intravenous, peritoneal injection, the concentration of hispidulin could not be determined. In contrast, after oral administration, hispidulin and homoplantaginin were simultaneous quantified, homoplantaginin was rapidly absorbed (Tmax=16.00±8.94min), reaching a mean Cmax between 0.77 and 1.27nmol/mL. The absolute oral bioavailability was calculated to be only 0.75%, and the area under curve (AUC) of hispidulin was about 5.4 times than that of homoplantaginin. The poor oral bioavailability may be attributed to the biotransformation of homoplantaginin by rat intestinal bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Youquan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cong
authors.affiliation: Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Qiwen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China. Electronic address: njglfy@163.com.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fang
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001682:Biological Availability; D001711:Biotransformation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D047309:Flavones / Q000737:chemistry; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: C403862:6-methoxy-4',5-dihydroxyflavone-7-O-glucoside; D047309:Flavones; D005419:Flavonoids; D005960:Glucosides; C055957:hispidulin
keywords: Biotransformation; HPLC; Homoplantaginin; In situ single-pass intestinal perfusion; Pharmacokinetics