title: Osteogenic response of human MSCs and osteoblasts to hydrophilic and hydrophobic nanostructured titanium implant surfaces.
abstract: Microstructured implant surfaces created by grit blasting and acid etching titanium (Ti) support osseointegration. This effect is further enhanced by storing in aqueous solution to retain hydrophilicity, but this also leads to surface nanostructure formation. The purpose of this study was to assess the contributions of nanostructures on the improved osteogenic response of osteoblast lineage cells to hydrophilic microstructured Ti. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and normal human osteoblasts (NHOsts) were cultured separately on non-nanostructured/hydrophobic (SLA), nanostructured/hydrophilic (modSLA), or nanostructured/hydrophobic (SLAnano) Ti surfaces. XPS showed elevated carbon levels on SLA and SLAnano compared to modSLA. Contact angle measurements indicated only modSLA was hydrophilic. Confocal laser microscopy revealed minor differences in mean surface roughness. SEM showed the presence of nanostructures on modSLA and SLAnano. MSCs and NHOst cells exhibited similar morphology on the substrates and osteoblastic differentiation and maturation were greatest on modSLA. These results suggest that when the appropriate microstructure is present, hydrophilicity may play a greater role in stimulating MSC and NHOst osteoblastic differentiation and maturation than the presence of nanostructures generated during storage in an aqueous environment. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 3137-3148, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23284.
authors.forename: Ethan M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Lotz
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23284.
authors.forename: Rene
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Olivares-Navarrete
authors.affiliation: Institut Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Berner
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23284. bboyan@vcu.Edu.|Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332. bboyan@vcu.Edu.
authors.forename: Barbara D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Boyan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23284.|Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229.
authors.forename: Zvi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Schwartz
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D016348:Osseointegration; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D014025:Titanium
keywords: hydrophilic; nanostructures; osteoblast; titanium