title: Contact mechanics of highly porous oxide nanoparticle agglomerates.
abstract: Efficient nanopowder processing requires knowledge of the powder's mechanical properties. Due to the large surface area to volume ratio, nanoparticles experience relatively strong attractive interactions, leading to the formation of micron-size porous structures called agglomerates. Significant effort has been directed towards the development of models and experimental procedures to estimate the elasticity of porous objects such as nanoparticle agglomerates; however, none of the existing models has been validated for solid fractions below 0.1. Here, we measure the elasticity of titania (TiO[Formula: see text], 22 nm), alumina (Al[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text], 8 nm), and silica (SiO[Formula: see text], 16 nm) nanopowder agglomerates by Atomic Force Microscopy, using a 3.75 [Formula: see text]m glass colloid for the stress-strain experiments. Three sample preparations with varying degree of powder manipulation are assessed. The measured Young's moduli are in the same order of magnitude as those predicted by the model of Kendall et al., thus validating it for the estimation of the Young's modulus of structures with porosity above 90 %.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fabre
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Samir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salameh
authors.affiliation: Hybrid Materials Interfaces University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
authors.forename: Lucio Colombi
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Ciacchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Michiel T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Kreutzer
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J Ruud
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: van Ommen
keywords: Atomic force microscopy; Instrumentation; Nanoparticles; Oxide particles; Particle characterization; Porous agglomerates; Young’s modulus