title: Élie Metchnikoff (1845-1916): celebrating 100 years of cellular immunology and beyond.
abstract: The year 2016 marks 100 years since the death of Élie Metchnikoff (1845-1916), the Russian zoologist who pioneered the study of cellular immunology and who is widely credited with the discovery of phagocytosis, for which he was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1908. However, his long scientific career spanned many disciplines and has had far-reaching effects on modern immunology beyond the study of phagocytosis. In this Viewpoint article, five leading immunologists from the fields of phagocytosis, macrophage biology, leukocyte migration, the microbiota and intravital imaging tell Nature Reviews Immunology how Metchnikoff's work has influenced past, present and future research in their respective fields.
authors.affiliation: Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Underhill
authors.affiliation: Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Siamon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, CMU, rue Michel Servet 1, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Beat A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Imhof
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Núñez
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Dynamics of Immune Responses Unit, 75015 Paris, France, and INSERM U1223, Rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bousso
mesh_terms: D000486:Allergy and Immunology / Q000266:history; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology*; D009613:Nobel Prize; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000276:immunology