title: Analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions on bradykinin route of a polysulfated fraction from alga Ulva lactuca.
abstract: We investigated structural features of polysaccharides from Ulva lactuca and their effects on the classical models of nociception and inflammation. Crude extract was obtained by enzymatic digestion and isolated by ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. The fraction with higher yield was used in the tests (SP-Ul). Swiss mice received SP-Ul (1, 3 or 9mg/kg; i.v.), 30min prior to injection of 0.8%-acetic acid or 1%-formalin or prior to a thermal stimulus. At same doses, SP-Ul was tested on Wistar rats on paw edema elicited by different irritants (carrageenan, dextran, bradykinin, histamine or serotonin). The results of infrared characterization indicated the presence of hydroxyl groups, sulfate, uronic acid and glycosidic linkages in all SP fractions spectrums. SP-Ul decreased significantly the antinociception in response to acetic acid or formalin (second phase), but not in the hot-plate test, suggesting that its analgesia occurs through a peripheral mechanism. SP-Ul did not reduce carrageenan-induced paw edema as supported by both histological and myeloperoxidase activity assessments. However, SP-Ul (1mg/kg; s.c.) reduced dextran-elicited edema, showing vascular anti-inflammatory effect, with bradykinin as major target because it did not reduce histamine- and serotonin-induced paw edemas. Therefore, SP-Ul acts on bradykinin pathway in its antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory responses.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Avenida Humberto Monte, s/n, Campus do Pici, CEP: 60455-760, Fortaleza, Brazil. Electronic address: iwfaraujo@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Ianna Wivianne Fernandes
authors.initials: IW
authors.lastname: de Araújo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Avenida Humberto Monte, s/n, Campus do Pici, CEP: 60455-760, Fortaleza, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Ariévilo Gurgel
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Avenida Humberto Monte, s/n, Campus do Pici, CEP: 60455-760, Fortaleza, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Luíza Gomes
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Quinderé
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Avenida Humberto Monte, s/n, Campus do Pici, CEP: 60455-760, Fortaleza, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jane de Fátima Teixeira
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Avenida Humberto Monte, s/n, Campus do Pici, CEP: 60455-760, Fortaleza, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabrielle de Freitas
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Maciel
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Avenida Humberto Monte, s/n, Campus do Pici, CEP: 60455-760, Fortaleza, Brazil.
authors.forename: Natássia Albuquerque
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Avenida Humberto Monte, s/n, Campus do Pici, CEP: 60455-760, Fortaleza, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edfranck
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Sousa Oliveira Vanderlei
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Coronel Estanislau Frota, s/n-Centro, Campus Sobral, CEP: 62010-560, Sobral, Brazil.
authors.forename: Kátia Alves
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Coronel Estanislau Frota, s/n-Centro, Campus Sobral, CEP: 62010-560, Sobral, Brazil.
authors.forename: Hellíada Vasconcelos
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Coronel Estanislau Frota, s/n-Centro, Campus Sobral, CEP: 62010-560, Sobral, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karuza Maria Alves
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Coronel Estanislau Frota, s/n-Centro, Campus Sobral, CEP: 62010-560, Sobral, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mirna Marques
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Bezerra
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Avenida Humberto Monte, s/n, Campus do Pici, CEP: 60455-760, Fortaleza, Brazil. Electronic address: nmbb@ufc.br.
authors.forename: Norma Maria Barros
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Benevides
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000700:Analgesics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D003911:Dextrans / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006632:Histamine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007249:Inflammation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D059225:Nociception / Q000187:drug effects; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012701:Serotonin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D044445:Ulva / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D003911:Dextrans; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; D005557:Formaldehyde; D012701:Serotonin; D006632:Histamine; D002351:Carrageenan; D019342:Acetic Acid; D001920:Bradykinin
keywords: Inflammation; Seaweed; Sulfated polysaccharides