title: New Suturing Techniques to Reconstruct the Keystone Area in Extracorporeal Septoplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Severe septal deformations require adequate treatment to restore shape and function using extracorporeal septoplasty. Because it has been criticized for being technically demanding to execute and has increased risk for aesthetic complications, the authors have developed two new suture techniques for refixation of the neoseptum.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of multisurgeon consecutive extracorporeal septoplasties performed from January of 2014 to December of 2014 was conducted at a single institution using the criss-cross or transcutaneous transosseous cerclage suture (group 1) compared with fixation at the upper lateral cartilages only (group 2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred ten extracorporeal septoplasties were performed in 110 patients over 12 months. Group 1 consisted of 58 patients (53 percent), whether receiving the criss-cross [12 patients (21 percent)] or the transcutaneous transosseous cerclage suture [46 patients (79 percent)], and group 2 consisted of 52 patients (47 percent). The median follow-up was 11 months (range, 6 to 16 months). Operative revision because of complications at the dorsum or the keystone area had to be performed in no case in group 1 and in five cases (9.6 percent) in group 2, resulting in a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.0212). There were no complications such as bleeding or infection observed in any of the 110 cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To facilitate and to reduce the complication rate after extracorporeal septoplasty, the authors have developed the criss-cross and transcutaneous transosseous cerclage suture to overcome the important and technically demanding reimplantation of the neoseptum. Thus, the authors believe that these new operative techniques are safe and reproducible procedures that may take a permanent place among extracorporeal septoplasty procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic, III.
authors.affiliation: Stuttgart, Germany and Zurich, Switzerland.|From the Department of Facial Plastic Surgery, Marienhospital Stuttgart and the Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University of Zurich.
authors.forename: Farid
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rezaeian
authors.affiliation: Stuttgart, Germany and Zurich, Switzerland.|From the Department of Facial Plastic Surgery, Marienhospital Stuttgart and the Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University of Zurich.
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gubisch
authors.affiliation: Stuttgart, Germany and Zurich, Switzerland.|From the Department of Facial Plastic Surgery, Marienhospital Stuttgart and the Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University of Zurich.
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Janku
authors.affiliation: Stuttgart, Germany and Zurich, Switzerland.|From the Department of Facial Plastic Surgery, Marienhospital Stuttgart and the Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University of Zurich.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haack
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015508:Nasal Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D013536:Suture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013537:Sutures; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult