title: Differences in Mental Health and Sexual Outcomes Based on Type of Nonconsensual Sexual Penetration.
abstract: Little is known based on the stratification and localization of penetration type of rape: oral, vaginal, and/or anal. The current study examined associations between type of rape and mental and sexual health symptoms in 865 community women. All penetration types were positively associated with negative mental and sexual health symptoms. Oral and/or anal rape accounted for additional variance in anxiety, depression, some trauma-related symptoms, and dysfunctional sexual behavior than the association with vaginal rape alone. Findings suggest that penetration type can be an important facet of a rape experience and may be useful to assess in research and clinical settings.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.|2 University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Hanna T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Pinsky
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.|3 Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Molly E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Shepard
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Bird
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.|4 Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Amanda K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Gilmore
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.|5 Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Jeanette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Norris
authors.affiliation: 6 School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Kelly Cue
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: William H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: George
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D011902:Rape / Q000523:psychology*; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: mental health; rape; sexual health