title: Rosiglitazone ameliorates diffuse axonal injury by reducing loss of tau and up-regulating caveolin-1 expression.
abstract: Rosiglitazone up-regulates caveolin-1 levels and has neuroprotective effects in both chronic and acute brain injury. Therefore, we postulated that rosiglitazone may ameliorate diffuse axonal injury via its ability to up-regulate caveolin-1, inhibit expression of amyloid-beta precursor protein, and reduce the loss and abnormal phosphorylation of tau. In the present study, intraperitoneal injection of rosiglitazone significantly reduced the levels of amyloid-beta precursor protein and hyperphosphorylated tau (phosphorylated at Ser(404)(p-tau (S(404))), and it increased the expression of total tau and caveolin-1 in the rat cortex. Our results show that rosiglitazone inhibits the expression of amyloid-beta precursor protein and lowers p-tau (S(404)) levels, and it reduces the loss of total tau, possibly by up-regulating caveolin-1. These actions of rosiglitazone may underlie its neuroprotective effects in the treatment of diffuse axonal injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Jin-Ning
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-0620-8983
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Xu-Dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Bin-Fei
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Dan-Dong
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Gang
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Pang
keywords: amyloid precursor protein; caveolin-1; cortex; diffuse axonal injury; hyperphosphorylated tau; immunocytochemistry; nerve regeneration; neural regeneration; rats; rosiglitazone; ser404; total tau; western blot assay