title: Effects of bilateral vasectomy on the interleukin 1 system in mouse epididymis.
abstract: Regional difference in the inflammatory response in vasectomized (VAX) epididymis remains unraveled.
  
  
  
  Epididymal expression of interleukin 1α (IL1α), IL1β, IL1 receptor antagonist (IL1ra), IL1 receptor 1 (IL1R1), IL6, IL10, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) was examined in bilateral VAX mice by real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  
  IL1α, IL1β, IL1ra, and IL1R1 were expressed in the epididymal epithelia of normal mice. Following VAX, IL1R1 mRNA was not changed, but TNF-α, IL10, IL1α, IL1β, and IL1ra mRNA were significantly upregulated in whole epididymis, whereas IL6 and TGF-β1 mRNA were significantly increased in corpus and cauda but not in caput epididymis. Consistently, IL1α, IL1β, and IL1ra immunoreactivities were visibly increased in epididymis following VAX.
  
  
  
  Following VAX, IL1α, IL1β, IL1ra, IL10, and TNF-α may mediate immune reaction in whole epididymis, whereas IL6 and TGF-β1 may mediate regionally different immune response primarily in the lower part of epididymis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yeong Seok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Ju
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Na
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Myung Chan
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004822:Epididymis / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000276:immunology*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology*; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha / Q000276:immunology*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000276:immunology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D053573:Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I / Q000276:immunology; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology*; D014659:Vasectomy
chemical_list: C556062:IL10 protein, mouse; C587672:IL1B protein, mouse; C583355:IL1R1 protein, mouse; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D053573:Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I; C508961:Tgfb1 protein, mouse; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C577686:interleukin-6, mouse; D016753:Interleukin-10
keywords: epididymis; interleukin 1; mouse; vasectomy