title: Asiatic acid inhibits pulmonary inflammation induced by cigarette smoke.
abstract: Asiatic acid (AA) is one of the major components of Titrated extract of Centella asiatica (TECA), which has been reported to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of AA on pulmonary inflammation induced by cigarette smoke (CS). AA significantly attenuated the infiltration of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of CS exposure mice. AA also decreased ROS production and NE activity, and inhibited the release of proinflammatory cytokines in BALF. AA reduced the recruitment of inflammatory cells and MCP-1 expression in lung tissue of CS exposure mice. AA also attenuated mucus overproduction, and decreased the activation of MAPKs and NF-kB in lung tissue. Furthermore, AA increased HO-1 expression and inhibited the reduced expression of SOD3 in lung tissue. These findings indicate that AA effectively inhibits pulmonary inflammatory response, which is an important process in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) via suppression of inflammatory mediators and induction of HO-1. Therefore, we suggest that AA has the potential to treat inflammatory disease such as COPD.
authors: Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jae-Won
authors: JW
authors: Lee
authors: Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hyun Ah
authors: HA
authors: Park
authors: Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea; Department of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea.
authors: Ok-Kyoung
authors: OK
authors: Kwon
authors: Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea.
authors: Yin-Gi
authors: YG
authors: Jang
authors: Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea.
authors: Ju Yeong
authors: JY
authors: Kim
authors: Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea.
authors: Bo Kyung
authors: BK
authors: Choi
authors: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon 200-701, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hee Jae
authors: HJ
authors: Lee
authors: International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
authors: Sangwoo
authors: S
authors: Lee
authors: International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jin-Hyub
authors: JH
authors: Paik
authors: Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea.
authors: Sei-Ryang
authors: SR
authors: Oh
authors: Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: ksahn@kribb.re.kr.
authors: Kyung-Seop
authors: KS
authors: Ahn
authors: Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Chungju-si, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hjlee7@kribb.re.kr.
authors: Hyun-Jun
authors: HJ
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D028041:Centella / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009093:Mucus / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C017032:asiatic acid; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; C496542:Hmox1 protein, mouse; C499090:Sod3 protein, mouse; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Asiatic acid; Cigarette smoke; HO-1; MAPKs; NF-kB; Pulmonary inflammation