title: Glycemic variability evaluated by continuous glucose monitoring system is associated with the 10-y cardiovascular risk of diabetic patients with well-controlled HbA1c.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study aimed to identify the relationship between glycemic variability (GV) and the 10-y risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with good glycemic control.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-hundred forty consecutive T2DM patients (HbA1c≤7.0%) without CVD were included to calculate the 10-y CVD risk by Framingham risk score (FRS), and divided into 3 groups: low-risk group (FRS≤10%), intermediate-risk group (>10%, ≤20%) and high-risk group (>20%). Inter-group differences of GV were determined by comparing the SD of blood glucose (SDBG), mean amplitudes of glycemic excursion (MAGE), and mean of daily differences (MODD) gathered from 72-h continuous glucose monitoring system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of SDBG and MAGE significantly increased along with the raises of 10-y CVD risk of T2DM patients (p<0.01). FRS was positively correlated with age, systolic blood pressure, SDBG and MAGE (r=0.717, 0.525, 0.509 and 0.485 respectively, p<0.01), while negatively correlated with the level of HDL-C (r=-0.348, p<0.01). Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that increased MAGE [OR: 1.623(1.198-2.316), p<0.001] and patients with high urine albumin excretion rates [OR: 1.743(1.247-2.793), p<0.001] were independent predictors for high 10-y CVD risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GV predicts independently the 10-y CVD risk of T2DM patients with well-controlled HbA1c.
authors: Advanced Medical Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Tian-he Road, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors: Xixiang
authors: X
authors: Tang
authors: Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Tian-he Road, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors: Suhua
authors: S
authors: Li
authors: Advanced Medical Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Tian-he Road, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors: Yina
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Division of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Tian-he Road, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors: Manman
authors: M
authors: Wang
authors: Advanced Medical Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Tian-he Road, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors: Qiongli
authors: Q
authors: Yin
authors: Division of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Tian-he Road, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors: Panwei
authors: P
authors: Mu
authors: Division of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Tian-he Road, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors: Shuo
authors: S
authors: Lin
authors: Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Tian-he Road, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors: Xiaoxian
authors: X
authors: Qian
authors: Advanced Medical Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Tian-he Road, Guangzhou 510630, China.
authors: Xiaoming
authors: X
authors: Ye
authors: Division of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Tian-he Road, Guangzhou 510630, China. Electronic address: txx_8711@126.com.
authors: Yanming
authors: Y
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis*; D038321:Glycemic Index; D000067940:Glycemic Load; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Framingham risk score; Glycemic variability; Type 2 diabetes mellitus