title: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in immunocompetent hosts without radiation or chemotherapy.
abstract: Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation can cure diverse diseases of the blood system, including hematologic malignancies, anemias, and autoimmune disorders. However, patients must undergo toxic conditioning regimens that use chemotherapy and/or radiation to eliminate host HSCs and enable donor HSC engraftment. Previous studies have shown that anti-c-Kit monoclonal antibodies deplete HSCs from bone marrow niches, allowing donor HSC engraftment in immunodeficient mice. We show that host HSC clearance is dependent on Fc-mediated antibody effector functions, and enhancing effector activity through blockade of CD47, a myeloid-specific immune checkpoint, extends anti-c-Kit conditioning to fully immunocompetent mice. The combined treatment leads to elimination of >99% of host HSCs and robust multilineage blood reconstitution after HSC transplantation. This targeted conditioning regimen that uses only biologic agents has the potential to transform the practice of HSC transplantation and enable its use in a wider spectrum of patients.
authors: Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors: Akanksha
authors: A
authors: Chhabra
authors: Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors: Aaron M
authors: AM
authors: Ring
authors: Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors: Kipp
authors: K
authors: Weiskopf
authors: Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors: Peter John
authors: PJ
authors: Schnorr
authors: Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors: Sydney
authors: S
authors: Gordon
authors: Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors: Alan C
authors: AC
authors: Le
authors: Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors: Hye-Sook
authors: HS
authors: Kwon
authors: Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors: Nan Guo
authors: NG
authors: Ring
authors: Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors: Jens
authors: J
authors: Volkmer
authors: Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors: Po Yi
authors: PY
authors: Ho
authors: Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors: Serena
authors: S
authors: Tseng
authors: Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors: Irving L
authors: IL
authors: Weissman
authors: Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. jshizuru@stanford.edu.
authors: Judith A
authors: JA
authors: Shizuru
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051928:CD47 Antigen / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D011961:Receptors, Fc / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051928:CD47 Antigen; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C499308:Rag2 protein, mouse; D011961:Receptors, Fc