title: Active hexose correlated compound modulates LPS-induced hypotension and gut injury in rats.
abstract: We hypothesized that AHCC; (Amino UP Chemical Co., Ltd., Sapporo, Japan), a mushroom mycelium extract obtained from liquid culture of Lentinula edodes, restores immune function in LPS-induced inflammation in the gut, especially when the nitric oxide signaling pathway is impaired. This is the first inter-disciplinary proposal to identify molecular mechanisms involved in LPS-induced immune dysfunction in the gut in conscious animals treated or non-treated with AHCC, a promoter of immune support. Specifically, we have tested the effects of AHCC on LPS-induced deleterious effects on blood pressure and gut injury in conscious rats. The time course of biological markers of innate/acquired immune responses, and inflammation/oxidative stress is fully described in the present manuscript. Rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups (N=6 per group). Group 1 received 10% of AHCC in drinking water for 5days; Group 2 received lipopolysaccharide (LPS; Escherichia coli 0111:B4 purchased from Sigma) only at 20mg/kg IV; Group 3 received combined treatments (AHCC + LPS). LPS was administered at 20mg/kg IV, 5days following AHCC treatment. We have demonstrated that AHCC decreased the LPS-deleterious effects of blood pressure and also decreased inflammatory markers e.g., cytokines, nitric oxide and edema formation. Finally, AHCC diminished lymphocyte infiltration, restoring gut architecture. Because AHCC was administered prior to LPS, our results indicate the potential impact of AHCC's prophylactic effects on LPS inflammation. Consequently, additional experiments are warrant to assess its therapeutic effects in sepsis-induced inflammation.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, United States. Electronic address: Marie-Francoise.Doursout@uth.tmc.edu.
authors: Marie-Francoise
authors: MF
authors: Doursout
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, United States.
authors: Yangyan
authors: Y
authors: Liang
authors: Department of Biology, Texas Southern University, 3100 Cleburne St., Houston, TX, 77004, United States.
authors: Alamelu
authors: A
authors: Sundaresan
authors: Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University School of Pharmacy, Department of Life Science, 7-1 Katsurakoka-cho, Otaru, 047-0264, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors: Koji
authors: K
authors: Wakame
authors: Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University School of Pharmacy, Department of Life Science, 7-1 Katsurakoka-cho, Otaru, 047-0264, Hokkaido, Japan; Research and Development Division, Amino Up Chemical Co., Ltd., 363-32 Shinei Kiyota-ku, Sapporo 004-0839, Japan.
authors: Hajime
authors: H
authors: Fujii
authors: Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University School of Pharmacy, Department of Life Science, 7-1 Katsurakoka-cho, Otaru, 047-0264, Hokkaido, Japan; Research and Development Division, Amino Up Chemical Co., Ltd., 363-32 Shinei Kiyota-ku, Sapporo 004-0839, Japan.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Takanari
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, United States.
authors: Sundar
authors: S
authors: Devakottai
authors: Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030, United States.
authors: Anil
authors: A
authors: Kulkarni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004386:Duodenum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007022:Hypotension / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020942:Shiitake Mushrooms / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011134:Polysaccharides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C499366:Active Hexose Correlated Compound
keywords: AHCC; Gut; Hemodynamic; Inflammation; Nitric oxide; Rats