title: Niosomal approach to brain delivery: Development, characterization and in vitro toxicological studies.
abstract: The majority of active agents do not readily permeate into brain due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. Currently, the most innovative and promising non-invasive strategy in brain delivery is the design and preparation of nanocarriers, which can move through the brain endothelium. Niosomes can perform brain delivery, in fact polysorbates, can act as an anchor for apolipoprotein E from blood plasma. The particles mimic LDL and interact with the LDL receptor leading to the endothelial cells uptake. The efficacy of niosomes for anticancer therapeutic applications was correlated to their physicochemical and drug delivery properties. Dimensions and ζ-potential were characterized using dynamic light scattering and asymmetric flow-field fractionation system. Lipid bilayer was characterized measuring the fluidity, polarity and microviscosity by fluorescent probe spectra evaluation. Morphology and homogeneity were characterized using atomic force microscopy. Physicochemical stability and serum stability (45% v/v fetal bovine and human serum) were evaluated as a function of time using dynamic light scattering. U87-MG human glioblastoma cells were used to evaluate vesicle cytotoxicity and internalisation efficiency. From the obtained data, the systems appear useful to perform a prolonged (modified) release of biological active substances to the central nervous system.
authors: Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (ITT), Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.zzle A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Ingallina
authors: Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (ITT), Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Rinaldi
authors: European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, Nanobiosciences Unit, via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Bogni
authors: European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, Nanobiosciences Unit, via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Ponti
authors: Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, SAPIENZA University of Rome, via A. Scarpa 14, 00161 Rome, Italy.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Passeri
authors: Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, SAPIENZA University of Rome, via A. Scarpa 14, 00161 Rome, Italy.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Reggente
authors: Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, SAPIENZA University of Rome, via A. Scarpa 14, 00161 Rome, Italy.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Rossi
authors: European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, Nanobiosciences Unit, via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Kinsner-Ovaskainen
authors: European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, Nanobiosciences Unit, via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Mehn
authors: European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, Nanobiosciences Unit, via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Rossi
authors: Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.zzle A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Botta
authors: Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.zzle A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Carafa
authors: Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.zzle A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy. Electronic address: carlotta.marianecci@uniroma1.it.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Marianecci
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D008081:Liposomes; D012709:Serum Albumin
keywords: AFM; Asymmetric flow-field fractionation system; Brain delivery; Cell internalization; Citotoxicity; Niosomes