title: Neuroanatomical bases of effortful control: evidence from a large sample of young healthy adults using voxel-based morphometry.
abstract: Effortful control (EC) is a base of individuality in cognition and psychological adjustment. EC is defined as a capacity to control responses and behaviors. We investigated associations between individual differences of EC and regional gray and white matter volume (rGMV/rGMV) in 374 men and 306 women (age, 20.61 ± 1.82 years) using Japanese version of Effortful control scale (J-ECS). J-ECS consists of three subscales such as inhibitory control (IC), activation control (ACTC), and attentional control (ATC). Results showed that (a) IC was associated with larger rGMV in the dorsal part of anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), the supplementary motor area (SMA) and the pre SMA and larger rWMV in the dACC, (b) ACTC was correlated with smaller rGMV in the insula and the putamen, and (c) ATC was associated with larger rWMV in the inferior frontal gyrus, orbital frontal gyrus, ACC, and insula. Our study revealed key neuroanatomical correlations between EC and rGMV and rWMV.
authors: Creative Interdisciplinary Research Division, Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science (FRIS), Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.|Smart Ageing International Research Center, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Rui
authors: R
authors: Nouchi
authors: Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Hikaru
authors: H
authors: Takeuchi
authors: Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.|Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.|Division of Medical Neuroimaging Analysis, Department of Community Medical Supports, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Yasuyuki
authors: Y
authors: Taki
authors: Division of Medical Neuroimaging Analysis, Department of Community Medical Supports, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.|Department of Adult Mental Health, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8553, Japan.
authors: Atsushi
authors: A
authors: Sekiguchi
authors: Smart Ageing International Research Center, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Yuka
authors: Y
authors: Kotozaki
authors: Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Seishu
authors: S
authors: Nakagawa
authors: Graduate Schools for Law and Politics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Carlos Makoto
authors: CM
authors: Miyauchi
authors: Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.|Department of Psychiatry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Kunio
authors: K
authors: Iizuka
authors: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.|Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University, 7-5-1kusunoki-cho, Kobe, 950-0017 Japan.
authors: Ryoichi
authors: R
authors: Yokoyama
authors: Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Takamitsu
authors: T
authors: Shinada
authors: Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Yuki
authors: Y
authors: Yamamoto
authors: Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Sugiko
authors: S
authors: Hanawa
authors: Smart Ageing International Research Center, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Tsuyoshi
authors: T
authors: Araki
authors: Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Yuko
authors: Y
authors: Sassa
authors: Smart Ageing International Research Center, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.|Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.|Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Ryuta
authors: R
authors: Kawashima
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003071:Cognition; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D066128:Gray Matter / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007206:Individuality; D007564:Japan; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D066127:White Matter / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D055815:Young Adult