title: Community-Based Culturally Preferred Physical Activity Intervention Targeting Populations at High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: Results and Implications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In Canada, an ageing population, obesity rates and high risk among certain ethnocultural populations are driving diabetes prevalence. Given the burden associated with type 2 diabetes and its link to modifiable risk factors, this study aimed to implement culturally preferred physical activities at the community level, targeting individuals at high risk for type 2 diabetes. Glycated hemoglobin (A1C) levels were used to detect potential improvements in glycemic control.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were screened for diabetes risk using a questionnaire and capillary point-of-care A1C blood testing. Participants were offered community-based physical activity classes 2 to 3 times per week for 6 months. A subset of participants (n=84) provided additional measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 718 subjects were reached during recruitment. Substantial participant dropout took place, and 487 participants were exposed to the intervention. Among those who participated in the physical activity and provided follow up, mean A1C levels were reduced by 0.17 (p=0.002) after 3 months (n=84) and by 0.06 (p=0.35; n=49) after 6 months. The homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-beta) showed a significant improvement of 23.6% after 3 months (n=20; p=0.03) and 45.2% after 6 months (n=12; p=0.02). Resting systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure plus combined hand-grip strength improved after 6 months (n=12).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Implementation of this community-based, culturally preferred physical activity program presented several challenges and was associated with significant participant dropout. After considering participant dropout, the relatively small group who participated and provided follow-up measures showed improvements various physiologic measures. Despite efforts to enhance accessibility, it appears that several barriers to physical activity participation remain and need to be explored to enhance the success of future programs.
authors: School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Chip P
authors: CP
authors: Rowan
authors: School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; LMC Diabetes and Endocrinology & Manna Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Michael C
authors: MC
authors: Riddell
authors: School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Norman
authors: N
authors: Gledhill
authors: School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: ronij@yorku.ca.
authors: Veronica K
authors: VK
authors: Jamnik
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D003153:Community Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003469:Culture; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018479:Early Intervention, Educational / Q000379:methods*; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008403:Mass Screening; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human
keywords: communauté; community; de l'origine ethnique; ethnicity; exercice en fonction; exercise; glycated hemoglobin (A1C); hémoglobine glyquée (A1C); prediabetes; prédiabète