title: Relationship between fluoride exposure and osteoclast markers during RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation.
abstract: Skeletal fluorosis is a metabolic bone disease caused by excessive accumulation of fluoride. Although the cause of this disease is known, the mechanism by which fluoride accumulates on the bone has not been clearly defined, thus there are no markers that can be used for screening skeletal fluorosis in epidemiology. In this study, osteoclasts were formed from bone marrow cells of C57BL/6 mice-treated with macrophage colony stimulating factor and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand. The mRNA expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP5b), osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR), calcitonin receptor (CTR), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and cathepsin K (CK) were detected using real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Results showed that fluoride between 0.5 and 8mg/l had no effect on osteoclast formation. However fluoride at 0.5mg/l level significantly decreased the activity of osteoclast bone resorption. Fluoride concentration was negatively correlated with the activity of osteoclast bone resorption. On day 5 of osteoclast differentiation maturity, MMP9 and CK mRNA expression were not only negatively correlated with fluoride concentration, but directly correlated with the activity of osteoclast bone resorption. TRAP5b, CTR and OSCAR mRNA expression were positively correlated with the number of osteoclast and they had no correlation with the activity of osteoclast bone resorption. Thus, it can be seen that MMP9 and CK may reflect the change of activity of bone resorption as well the degree of fluoride exposure. TRAP5b, CTR and OSCAR can represent the change of number of osteoclast formed.
authors: Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.
authors: Pei
authors: P
authors: Junrui
authors: Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Bingyun
authors: Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.
authors: Gao
authors: G
authors: Yanhui
authors: Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.
authors: Jiaxun
authors: J
authors: Xu
authors: Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.
authors: Gottfried M
authors: GM
authors: Darko
authors: Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China. Electronic address: hrbmusdj@163.com.
authors: Sun
authors: S
authors: Dianjun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005269:Femur / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005459:Fluorides / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity*; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013977:Tibia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D053245:RANK Ligand; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D005459:Fluorides
keywords: Biomarker; Cathepsin K (CK); Fluoride; Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9); Osteoclast