title: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Checklist: A Safety Tool.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  About one in ten patients experiences iatrogenic events, and more than half of these occur in the perioperative environment. The objective of this study was to develop a complete and functional checklist for aesthetic plastic surgery and test it in patients who would undergo elective plastic surgeries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patient data were collected from a general hospital and the particular clinic between October 2013 and October 2015, through history, physical examination, diagnosis, laboratory tests, pre-, during, and postoperatively, and complications. An expanded safety checklist was developed and optimized for aesthetic plastic surgery based on the model presented by the WHO in 2009 with reference to the information related to the prevention of more frequent complications in this specialty.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tool was applied to 486 patients, of whom 430 (88 %) were women and 56 (12 %) were men. The most frequently performed procedure was liposuction with 30 % of cases, and the most widely used type of anesthesia (39 %) was local anesthesia + sedation. The greater adherence of professionals to the checklist was the group of residents (98 %). The observed complications were seromas (7 %), other complications unrelated to the wound (3 %), and hematoma (0.2 %) in only one patient who underwent facelift.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of the checklist in addition to allowing data collection and the identification of potential risks promoted favorable changes in the attitudes of some professionals and generated interest in patient safety and teamwork.
  
  
  METHODS
  This journal requires that the authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
authors: Full member of SBCP, Santa Casa da Misericórdia Hospital of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors: Eduardo
authors: E
authors: Sucupira
authors: Plastic Surgery Resident, São Lucas Hospital of PUC-RS, Porto Alegre, Brazil. renatomatta82@hotmail.com.
authors: Renato
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4118
authors: R
authors: Matta
authors: Full member of SBCP, Santa Casa da Misericórdia Hospital of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors: Patrícia
authors: P
authors: Zuker
authors: Plastic Surgery Resident, Materno Infantil Perinatal Institute, Recife, Brazil.
authors: Jorge
authors: J
authors: Matta
authors: General Surgery Resident, Santa Casa da Misericórdia Hospital of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors: Juan Pablo
authors: JP
authors: Arbeláez
authors: Full member of SBCP, São Lucas Hospital of PUC-RS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors: Carlos O
authors: CO
authors: Uebel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001938:Brazil; D057189:Checklist; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D061214:Patient Safety; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017751:Safety Management; D012737:Sex Factors; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods
keywords: Checklist; Plastic surgery; Protocols; Security