title: Rate of gestational weight gain and preterm birth in relation to prepregnancy body mass indices and trimester: a follow-up study in China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate the association between rate of gestational weight gain and preterm birth varying prepregnancy body mass indices and trimester.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from Maternal and Newborn's Health Monitoring System on 17475 pregnant women who delivered live singletons at ≥ 28 weeks of gestation between October 2013 and September 2014 from 12 districts/counties of 6 provinces in China and started prenatal care at ≤ 12 weeks of gestation was analyzed. Gestational weight gain was categorized by rate of weight gain during the 2(nd) and 3(rd) trimester, based on the 2009 Institute of Medicine guidelines. Multivariable binary logistic regression models were conducted to investigate the association between rate of gestational weight gain and preterm birth stratified by prepregnancy body mass indices and trimester.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Excessive weight gain occurred in 57.9 % pregnant women, and insufficient weight gain 12.5 %. Average rate of gestational weight gain in 2(nd) and 3(rd) trimester was independently associated with preterm birth (U-shaped), and the association varied by prepregnancy body mass indices and trimesters. In underweight women, excessive gestational weight gain was positively associated with preterm birth (OR 1.93, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.29- 2.88) when compared with women who gained adequately. While in overweight/obese women, insufficient gestational weight gain was positively associated with preterm birth (OR 3.92, 95 % CI: 1.13-13.67). When stratifying by trimester, we found that excessive weight gain in 3(rd) trimester had a significantly positive effect on preterm birth (OR 1.27, 95 % CI: 1.02-1.58).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Excessive gestational weight gain among underweight pregnant women, insufficient gestational weight gain among overweight/obese women and excessive gestational weight gain in 3(rd) trimester were important predictors of preterm birth.
authors: National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.12, Dahuisi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
authors: Aiqun
authors: A
authors: Huang
authors: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University, School of Public Health, No.38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
authors: Zhenpeng
authors: Z
authors: Ji
authors: National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.12, Dahuisi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Zhao
authors: National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.12, Dahuisi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
authors: Huanqing
authors: H
authors: Hu
authors: National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.12, Dahuisi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China. yangqi@chinawch.org.cn.
authors: Qi
authors: Q
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University, School of Public Health, No.38, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China. dafangchen@bjmu.edu.cn.
authors: Dafang
authors: D
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013851:Thinness / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Chinese women; Prepregnancy body mass indices; Preterm birth; Rate of gestational weight gain; Trimester