title: SUSCEPTIBILITY OF RESPIRATORY ISOLATES OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE ISOLATED FROM CHILDREN HOSPITALIZED IN THE CLINICAL CENTER NIS.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the most common causes of respiratory infections. The aim was to study the susceptibility to antimicrobial agents of respiratory isolates ofStreptococcus pneumoniae obtained from hospitalized children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 190 respiratory pneumococcal isolates obtained from children aged from 0 to 14 years were isolated and identified by using standard microbiological methods. Susceptibility to oxacillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, cotrimoxazole, ofloxacin and rifampicin was tested by disc diffusion method. Minimal inhibitory concentrations for amoxicillin and ceftriaxone were determined by means of E test. The macrolide-resistant phenotype was detected by double disc diffusion test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All tested isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin and ceftriaxone. The minimal amoxicillin concentration inhibiting the growth of 50% of isolates and of 90% of isolates was 0.50 microg/ml and 1.0 microg/ml, respectively and the minimal ceftriaxone concentration inhibiting the growth of 50% of isolates and of 90% of isolates was 0.25 microg/ml and 0.50 microg/ml, respectively. Susceptibility to erythromycin and clindamycin was observed in 21.6% and 29.47% of isolates, respectively. The resistence to macrolides-M phenotype was detected in 10.07% of isolates and constitutive macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin phenotype (constitutive MLS phenotype) was found in 89.93% of isolates. All tested isolates were susceptible to ofloxacin and rifampicin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Amoxicillin could be the therapy of choice in pediatric practice. The macrolides should not be recommended for the empirical therapy of pneumococcal respiratory tract infection in our local area.
authors: Marina M
authors: MM
authors: Dinić
authors: Snezana
authors: S
authors: Mladenović Antić
authors: Branislava
authors: B
authors: Kocić
authors: Dobrila
authors: D
authors: Stanković Dordević
authors: Miodrag
authors: M
authors: Vrbić
authors: Milena
authors: M
authors: Bogdanović
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D010068:Oxacillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D010641:Phenotype; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D012293:Rifampin / Q000494:pharmacology; D055771:Serbia; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013752:Tetracycline / Q000494:pharmacology; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002981:Clindamycin; D004917:Erythromycin; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D000658:Amoxicillin; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; D015242:Ofloxacin; D013752:Tetracycline; D010068:Oxacillin; D012293:Rifampin