title: Use of antibiotics is associated with lower enterolactone plasma concentration.
abstract: High enterolactone levels may have health benefits in relation to risk of noncommunicable diseases. Enterolactone is produced by the colonic microbiota after intake of lignans and treatment with antimicrobials may result in altered enterolactone production. This study investigates the association between antibiotic use and enterolactone concentration.
  
  
  
  Using LC-MS/MS, enterolactone concentrations were quantified in plasma samples from 2237 participants from the Diet, Cancer and Health cohort. The participants were healthy at enrollment, but were later diagnosed with cancer. At enrollment, participants had blood drawn and completed a food frequency questionnaire and lifestyle questionnaire. Antibiotic use was assessed as reimbursed antibiotic prescriptions up to 12 months before enrollment. Antibiotic use ≤3 months before enrollment was associated with a 41% (Δcrude: -41; 95% CI: -52, -28) lower enterolactone concentration in women and 12% in men (Δcrude: -12; 95% CI: -31, 11), while antibiotic use >3-12 months before enrollment was associated with 26% lower enterolactone in women (Δcrude: -26; 95% CI: -37, -14) and 14% in men (Δcrude: -14; 95% CI: -28, 1).
  
  
  
  Use of antibiotics up to 12 months before enrollment was associated with lower plasma enterolactone levels, especially among women.
authors: Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark.
authors: Anne K
authors: AK
authors: Bolvig
authors: Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors: Cecilie
authors: C
authors: Kyrø
authors: Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark.
authors: Natalja P
authors: NP
authors: Nørskov
authors: Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors: Anne K
authors: AK
authors: Eriksen
authors: Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors: Jane
authors: J
authors: Christensen
authors: Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: Tjønneland
authors: Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark.
authors: Knud E Bach
authors: KE
authors: Knudsen
authors: Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors: Anja
authors: A
authors: Olsen
mesh_terms: D015107:4-Butyrolactone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D017705:Lignans / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017705:Lignans; D015107:4-Butyrolactone; C029497:2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone
keywords: Antibiotics; Enterolactone; Epidemiology; Lignans; Microbiota