title: Biodegradation of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDT) by using Serratia marcescens NCIM 2919.
abstract: A solvent tolerant bacterium Serratia marcescens NCIM 2919 has been evaluated for degradation of DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis (4-chlorophenyl) ethane). The bacterium was able to degrade up to 42% of initial 50 mg L-1of DDT within 10 days of incubation. The highlight of the work was the elucidation of DDT degradation pathway in S. marcescens. A total of four intermediates metabolites viz. 2,2-bis (chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethane (DDD), 2,2-bis (chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene (DDE), 2,2-bis (chlorophenyl)-1-chloroethylene (DDMU), and 4-chlorobenzoic acid (4-CBA) were identified by GC-Mass and FTIR. 4-CBA was found to be the stable product of DDT degradation. Metabolites preceding 4-CBA were not toxic to strain as reveled through luxuriant growth in presence of varying concentrations of exogenous DDD and DDE. However, 4-CBA was observed to inhibit the growth of bacterium. The DDT degrading efficiency of S. marcescens NCIM 2919 hence could be used in combination with 4-CBA utilizing strains either as binary culture or consortia for mineralization of DDT. Application of S. marcescens NCIM 2919 to DDT contaminated soil, showed 74.7% reduction of initial 12.0 mg kg-1of DDT after 18-days of treatment.
authors: a Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory , Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Delhi , New Delhi , India.
authors: Jasneet
authors: J
authors: Grewal
authors: a Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory , Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Delhi , New Delhi , India.
authors: Amrik
authors: A
authors: Bhattacharya
authors: a Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory , Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Delhi , New Delhi , India.
authors: Sumit
authors: S
authors: Kumar
authors: b Department of Zoology , University of Delhi , New Delhi , India.
authors: Dileep K
authors: DK
authors: Singh
authors: a Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory , Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Delhi , New Delhi , India.
authors: Sunil K
authors: SK
authors: Khare
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002723:Chlorobenzoates / Q000378:metabolism; D003634:DDT / Q000378:metabolism*; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene / Q000378:metabolism; D003632:Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane / Q000378:metabolism; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D012706:Serratia marcescens / Q000378:metabolism*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
chemical_list: D002723:Chlorobenzoates; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene; D003634:DDT; C040768:4-chlorobenzoic acid; D003632:Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane
keywords: DDT; Serratia marcescens; biodegradation; metabolites; pathway