title: Hookah tobacco use and stressful life events in a sample of young non-daily cigarette smokers.
abstract: Understanding factors that influence hookah use among young adults is important given its increasing popularity and health risks. The purpose of this study was to examine whether young adult non-daily cigarette smokers use hookah for stress regulation. We hypothesized that greater perceived stress and greater stressful life events would predict probability and frequency of recent hookah use.
  
  
  
  Participants (n=598, 50.7% male) were non-daily smokers aged 18-24years (M=20.5, SD=1.8), who completed a baseline assessment online or via mobile phone as part of a longitudinal study. Participants had been non-daily smokers for at least six months but had never been daily smokers.
  
  
  
  Thirty-one percent of participants reported using hookah over the past 14days. Full-time students were more likely to have used hookah recently. More stressful life events and more frequent alcohol use predicted likelihood and frequency of hookah use (ps<0.05). Perceived stress was not associated with hookah use.
  
  
  
  Findings suggest that hookah tobacco use is related to frequency of stressful life events but not perceived stress among non-daily cigarette smokers. Tobacco prevention and intervention programs should address hookah use and should include adaptive strategies for coping with stressful events.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, United States. Electronic address: kbrikmanis@ucsd.edu.
authors: Kristin
authors: K
authors: Brikmanis
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, United States.
authors: Neal
authors: N
authors: Doran
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000073865:Cigarette Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D000075387:Smoking Water Pipes / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Hookah; Stress; Tobacco; Young adult