title: Dietary litchi pulp polysaccharides could enhance immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects in mice.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities of litchi pulp polysaccharides (LP) in cyclophosphamide (Cy)-induced mice. The administration of LP (50, 100 and 200mg/kg/d) remarkably enhanced mesenteric lymph node cells proliferation and serum IgA. Moreover, IL-6, TNF-α, IgG and IgM levels in serum were significantly improved in a dose-dependent manner with LP treatment. Dietary LP induced systemic immune responses including stimulating the proliferation of splenocytes, balancing the ratio of spleen lymphocyte subsets, up-regulating the thymus and spleen indices. Thus, we speculate litchi polysaccharides would express their systemic immunomodulatory effects by triggering the intestinal mucosal immunity. Likewise, LP also significantly increased total antioxidant capacity, as well as superoxidase dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity, while decreasing malondialdehyde levels in the serum and liver. The immunomodulatory activity of LP was accompanied with its antioxidant activity, which might be related with its structure and prebiotic effect. This is a novel study on the relationship between the immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities of litchi polysaccharides.
authors: Sericultural & Agri-food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
authors: Fei
authors: F
authors: Huang
authors: Sericultural & Agri-food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
authors: Ruifen
authors: R
authors: Zhang
authors: Sericultural & Agri-food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Sericultural & Agri-food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Xiao
authors: Sericultural & Agri-food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Liu
authors: Sericultural & Agri-food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
authors: Zhencheng
authors: Z
authors: Wei
authors: College of Food Science & Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Yi
authors: Sericultural & Agri-food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China. Electronic address: mwzhh@vip.tom.com.
authors: Mingwei
authors: M
authors: Zhang
authors: Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fermentation, Purification and Analysis, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, China. Electronic address: liudongsz@szpt.edu.cn.
authors: Dong
authors: D
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000187:drug effects*; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D032125:Litchi / Q000737:chemistry*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C577686:interleukin-6, mouse; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Antioxidant activity; Immunomodulatory activity; Litchi pulp polysaccharides