title: Three peanut-allergic/sensitized phenotypes with gender difference.
abstract: Peanut-allergic reactions are heterogeneous ranging from mild symptoms to anaphylaxis.
  
  
  
  Identify peanut-allergic/sensitized phenotypes to personalize patient management.
  
  
  
  A combined factor and cluster analysis was used to study the phenotypes of 696 patients diagnosed with peanut sensitization and enrolled in the MIRABEL survey. The method was first applied to the 247 patients with an oral food challenge (OFC). It was then applied to the 449 patients without OFC to confirm the findings in an independent population.
  
  
  
  Three independent clusters emerged from the OFC subgroup. Cluster 1, 'Severe peanut allergy with little allergic multi-morbidity' (123 subjects), had the highest proportion of patients with positive OFC (92%), a medium level of peanut protein inducing a positive OFC (235 mg), lower percentage of allergic multi-morbidity (2% asthma plus atopic dermatitis (A + AD), no cases of A + AD + multiple food allergies (MFA)). Cluster 2, 'Severe peanut allergy with frequent allergic multi-morbidity' (62 subjects), had a high proportion of patients with positive OFC (85%) with the lowest level of peanut protein inducing a positive OFC (112 mg), 89% allergic subjects, 100% with allergic multi-morbidity (A + AD) and 84% with A + AD + MFA. Cluster 3, 'Mild peanut-allergic/sensitized phenotype' (62 subjects), had the lowest mean age, the lowest proportion of patients with positive OFC (53%) with a high level of peanut protein inducing a positive OFC (770 mg), a low percentage of allergic multi-morbidity (48% A + AD + MFA). The two severe peanut-allergic phenotypes were more frequent in girls. The same clusters were found in the subgroup of patients without OFC.
  
  
  
  Besides the classic markers associated with lower threshold doses of OFC (such as SPT and rAra h 2), allergic multi-morbidity and female gender should also be taken into account to better adapt the progressive dosage of provocation tests.
authors: Allergology Department, Centre de l'Asthme et des Allergies. Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau - 26, Paris Cedex 12, France.|INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 - Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Equipe EPAR, Paris, France.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Just
authors: Risk Assessment Department (DER), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Maisons-Alfort, France.|French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Paris Institute of Technology for Life, Food and Environmental Sciences (AgroParisTech), UMR Economie Publique INRA-AgroParisTech, Paris, France.
authors: C F
authors: CF
authors: Elegbede
authors: Pneumologie et allergologie pédiatriques, Pôle enfant, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, University Hospital, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille cedex, France.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Deschildre
authors: CHRU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Bousquet
authors: Allergyvigilance Network, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France.|Lorraine University, Nancy, France.
authors: D A
authors: DA
authors: Moneret-Vautrin
authors: Risk Assessment Department (DER), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (ANSES), Maisons-Alfort, France.
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Crepet
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology*; D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D010367:Arachis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D021183:Peanut Hypersensitivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D010641:Phenotype; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D012882:Skin Tests; D063189:Symptom Assessment
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D007073:Immunoglobulin E
keywords: asthma; atopic dermatitis; cluster analysis; gender; multi-morbidity; peanut allergy