title: Specialist-Led Diabetes Registries and Prevalence of Poor Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes: The Diabetes Registry Outcomes Project for A1C Reduction (DROP A1C).
abstract: To highlight the utility of a large patient registry to identify functionally refractory patients (persistent HbA1c ≥75 mmol/mol [9.0%]) with type 2 diabetes, identify their barriers to glycemic control, and implement barrier-specific care path strategies to improve glycemic control.
  
  
  
  A working group developed a structured tool to optimize the collection of information on barriers to glycemic control and designed structured care paths to address each barrier. Participants were identified from a large Canadian registry and were assigned to a certified diabetes educator (CDE) as their case manager for a 12-month period to coordinate assessment of their barriers and to implement appropriate care path strategies. The primary outcome measure was the mean change in HbA1c from baseline at 12 months.
  
  
  
  Overall, 3,662 refractory patients were initially identified of whom 1,379 were eligible for inclusion and 155 enrolled. The most common barrier categories participants identified were psychological/support (93%), socioeconomic (87%), and accessibility (82%), with high concordance (75-94%) between participant and CDE. No specific barriers were predictive of hyperglycemia. After implementation of barrier-specific care paths, the mean reduction in HbA1c at 12 months was 17 mmol/mol (1.5%; P < 0.01 vs. baseline) versus only 5 mmol/mol (0.5%) in the source cohort (n = 966) who continued with standard care. The incidence of severe hypoglycemia did not change significantly during the study.
  
  
  
  In registry-identified hyperglycemic patients with type 2 diabetes, the use of barrier-specific care paths significantly improved glycemic control in otherwise refractory patients with persistently elevated HbA1c. Further studies using this strategy in other practice settings are warranted.
authors: LMC Diabetes & Endocrinology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada ronnie.aronson@lmc.ca.
authors: Ronnie
authors: R
authors: Aronson
authors: LMC Diabetes & Endocrinology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Naomi
authors: N
authors: Orzech
authors: Oncology Biostatistics, Genentech, San Francisco, CA.
authors: Chenglin
authors: C
authors: Ye
authors: LMC Diabetes & Endocrinology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Ruth E
authors: RE
authors: Brown
authors: LMC Diabetes & Endocrinology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Ronald
authors: R
authors: Goldenberg
authors: University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Vivien
authors: V
authors: Brown
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002170:Canada; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012042:Registries
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin