title: Analysis of the Enantioselective Effects of PCB95 in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos through Targeted Metabolomics by UPLC-MS/MS.
abstract: As persistent organic pollutants, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) accumulate in the bodies of animals and humans, resulting in toxic effects on the reproductive, immune, nervous, and endocrine systems. The biological and toxicological characteristics of enantiomers of chiral PCBs may differ, but these enantioselective effects of PCBs have not been fully characterized. In this study, we performed metabolomics analysis, using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to investigate the enantioselective toxic effects of PCB95 in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos after exposure to three dose levels of 0.1, 1, and 10 μg/L for 72 h. Multivariate analysis directly reflected the metabolic perturbations caused by PCB95. The effects of (-)-PCB95 and (+)-PCB95 were more prominent than those of the racemate in zebrafish embryos. A total of 26 endogenous metabolites were selected as potential marker metabolites with variable importance at projection values larger than 1 and significant differences (p<0.05). These metabolites included amino acids, organic acids, nucleosides, betaine, and choline. The changes in these biomarkers were dependent on the enantiomer-specific structures of PCB95. Fifteen metabolic pathways were significantly affected, and several nervous and immune system-related metabolites were significantly validated after exposure. These metabolic changes indicated that the toxic effects of PCB95 may be associated with the interaction of PCB95 with the nervous and immune systems, thus resulting in disruption of energy metabolism and liver function.
authors: Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
authors: Nana
authors: N
authors: Xu
authors: Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
authors: Pengqian
authors: P
authors: Mu
authors: Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
authors: Zhiqiang
authors: Z
authors: Yin
authors: Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
authors: Qi
authors: Q
authors: Jia
authors: Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
authors: Shuming
authors: S
authors: Yang
authors: Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
authors: Yongzhong
authors: Y
authors: Qian
authors: Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Qiu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000187:drug effects; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C032904:2,2',3,5',6-pentachlorobiphenyl; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls