title: "Headache Tools to Stay in School": Assessment, Development, and Implementation of an Educational Guide for School Nurses.
abstract: Headache is the most common type of pain reported in the pediatric population, and chronic headache is an increasingly prevalent and debilitating pain condition in children and adolescents. With large numbers of students experiencing acute headaches and more students with chronic headache reentering typical school settings, greater availability of tailored evidence-based practice guidelines for school nurses is imperative.
  
  
  
  A 2-armed study was developed to assess the need for and evaluate the use and favorability of a headache-driven school nurse guide. Students and their parents were first surveyed on their school nurse's headache knowledge and management skills. School nurses were also interviewed on their desire for a headache educational tool. This feedback aided in developing a headache resource guide. Next, the guide was distributed to school nurses who provided feedback after a 3-month trial.
  
  
  
  Results indicate that "Headache Tools to Stay in School" is a useful resource in facilitating communication among health care providers, students, families, and school personnel on how to best meet the complex needs of students with headaches.
  
  
  
  Given the guide's favorability, we encourage school nurses to demand the creation of additional evidence-based resources. Continued dissemination of this guide may improve students' headache management under the informed care of school nurses, and may encourage the development of more evidence-based guides across various medical conditions.
authors: Pediatric Headache Program, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 9 Hope Avenue, Waltham, MA 02453. Lori.lazdowsky@childrens.harvard.edu.
authors: Lori
authors: L
authors: Lazdowsky
authors: Pediatric Headache Program, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 9 Hope Avenue, Waltham, MA 02453. Jonathan.rabner@childrens.harvard.edu.
authors: Jonathan
authors: J
authors: Rabner
authors: Pediatric Headache Program, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 9 Hope Avenue, Waltham, MA 02453. Alessandra.caruso@childrens.harvard.edu.
authors: Alessandra
authors: A
authors: Caruso
authors: Pediatric Headache Program, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 9 Hope Avenue, Waltham, MA 02453. Karen.kaczynski@childrens.harvard.edu.|Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 9 Hope Avenue, Waltham, MA 02453. Karen.kaczynski@childrens.harvard.edu.
authors: Karen
authors: K
authors: Kaczynski
authors: Pediatric Headache Program, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 9 Hope Avenue, Waltham, MA 02453. Sarah.gottlieb@childrens.harvard.edu.
authors: Sarah
authors: S
authors: Gottlieb
authors: Pediatric Headache Program, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 9 Hope Avenue, Waltham, MA 02453. Elyse.Mahoney@childrens.harvard.edu.
authors: Elyse
authors: E
authors: Mahoney
authors: Pediatric Headache Program, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 9 Hope Avenue, Waltham, MA 02453. Alyssa.lebel@childrens.harvard.edu.|Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, 9 Hope Avenue, Waltham, MA 02453. Alyssa.lebel@childrens.harvard.edu.
authors: Alyssa
authors: A
authors: LeBel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D055317:Evidence-Based Practice; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000458:organization & administration*; D012572:School Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D012573:School Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration*
keywords: educational guide; evidence-based practices; headache; pediatrics; school nurse