title: Antimicrobial evaluation of selected naturally occurring oxyprenylated secondary metabolites.
abstract: This study tested the antimicrobial activity of eight selected naturally occurring oxyprenylated secondary metabolites against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, S. epidermidis ATCC 35984, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Results showed a moderate antimicrobial activity. The most active compounds were 3-(4-geranyloxyphenyl)-1-ethanol (4) and 3-(4-isopentenyloxyphenyl)-1-propanol (5) that were tested on mature and in-formation biofilms of all micro-organisms, moreover the cytotoxic activity was evaluated. Except for S. epidermidis, both compounds reduced significantly (p < 0.05) the microbial biofilm formation at 1/2 MIC and 1/4 MIC, in particular, compounds 4 and 5 at each concentration, inhibited E. coli biofilm formation to a greater extent, the biofilm formation was never more than 44% in respect to the control, moreover both compounds showed a low cytotoxic effect. Oxyprenylated derivatives may be of great interest for the development of novel antimicrobial therapeutic strategies and the synthesis of semi-synthetic analogues with anti-biofilm efficacy.
authors: a Department of Pharmacy , University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy.
authors: Mara
authors: M
authors: Di Giulio
authors: a Department of Pharmacy , University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy.
authors: Salvatore
authors: S
authors: Genovese
authors: a Department of Pharmacy , University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy.
authors: Serena
authors: S
authors: Fiorito
authors: a Department of Pharmacy , University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy.
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Epifano
authors: b Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Health Products , University of Messina , Messina , Italy.
authors: Antonia
authors: A
authors: Nostro
authors: a Department of Pharmacy , University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy.
authors: Luigina
authors: L
authors: Cellini
mesh_terms: D000433:1-Propanol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D064210:Secondary Metabolism; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013729:Terpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D013729:Terpenes; D000433:1-Propanol
keywords: Antimicrobial activity; Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria; biofilm formation; oxyprenylated secondary metabolites