title: Cumulative risk assessment of the exposure to pyrethroids through fruits consumption in China - Based on a 3-year investigation.
abstract: In the present study, the long-term and short-term cumulative risks of pyrethroids exposured for the Chinese general population and children through fruits consumption were evaluated. A total of 1450 fruit samples and seven pyrethroids were included based on the pesticide residues monitoring programme of China from 2013 to 2015. The exposure was estimated using both deterministic approach and semi-probabilistic model for comparison. The hazard index approach was used to assess cumulative risk. 26% of samples contained pyrethroid residues with concentrations ranged from 0.0050 mg/kg to 1.2 mg/kg, of which 30% simultaneously with 2-4 mixture residues. Results demonstrated that the cumulative health risks were extremely low for both general population and children (1-6 years old) of China in the long term. Acute risk estimations calculated by deterministic method were several or many times overestimated than the results based on semi-probabilistic method. Acute cumulative exposure of children to pyrethroid compounds in 0.76% samples were exceeded 1 in worst case scenario. More detailed assessments with adequate data in the future use probabilistic method is expected to reduce the uncertainties of cumulative dietary exposure.
authors: Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 125100, Xingcheng, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, 125100, Xingcheng, China.
authors: Zhixia
authors: Z
authors: Li
authors: Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 125100, Xingcheng, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, 125100, Xingcheng, China. Electronic address: niejiyun@caas.cn.
authors: Jiyun
authors: J
authors: Nie
authors: Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 265500, Yantai, China.
authors: Zeqi
authors: Z
authors: Lu
authors: Zhengzhou Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 450009, Zhengzhou, China.
authors: Hanzhong
authors: H
authors: Xie
authors: Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 830091, Urumchi, China.
authors: Lu
authors: L
authors: Kang
authors: Institute of Tianjin Agriculture Quality Standard and Testing Technology, 300381, Tianjin, China.
authors: Qiusheng
authors: Q
authors: Chen
authors: Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, 100097, Beijing, China.
authors: An
authors: A
authors: Li
authors: Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, 712100, Yangling, China.
authors: Xubo
authors: X
authors: Zhao
authors: Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 125100, Xingcheng, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, 125100, Xingcheng, China.
authors: Guofeng
authors: G
authors: Xu
authors: Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 125100, Xingcheng, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture, 125100, Xingcheng, China.
authors: Zhen
authors: Z
authors: Yan
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues; D011722:Pyrethrins
keywords: Cumulative dietary exposure; Deterministic assessment; Fruits; Pyrethroid residue; Semi-probabilistic assessment