title: Light-intensity and high-intensity interval training improve cardiometabolic health in rats.
abstract: Physical activity has the potential to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors but evaluation of different intensities of physical activity and the mechanisms behind their health effects still need to be fully established. This study examined the effects of sedentary behaviour, light-intensity training, and high-intensity interval training on biometric indices, glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, and vascular and cardiac function in adult rats. Rats (12 weeks old) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups: control (CTL; no exercise), sedentary (SED; no exercise and housed in small cages to reduce activity), light-intensity trained (LIT; four 30-min exercise bouts/day at 8 m/min separated by 2-h rest period, 5 days/week), and high-intensity interval trained (HIIT, four 2.5-min work bouts/day at 50 m/min separated by 3-min rest periods, 5 days/week). After 12 weeks of intervention, SED had greater visceral fat accumulation (p < 0.01) and slower cardiac conduction (p = 0.04) compared with the CTL group. LIT and HIIT demonstrated beneficial changes in body weight, visceral and epididymal fat weight, glucose regulation, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, and mesenteric vessel contractile response compared with the CTL group (p < 0.05). LIT had significant improvements in insulin sensitivity and cardiac conduction compared with the CTL and SED groups whilst HIIT had significant improvements in systolic blood pressure and endothelium-independent vasodilation to aorta and mesenteric artery compared with the CTL group (p < 0.05). LIT and HIIT induce health benefits by improving traditional cardiometabolic risk factors. LIT improves cardiac health while HIIT promotes improvements in vascular health.
authors: a School of Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia.|b Centre for Physical Activity Studies, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia.
authors: Romeo B
authors: RB
authors: Batacan
authors: c School of Medicine & Public Health, Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
authors: Mitch J
authors: MJ
authors: Duncan
authors: a School of Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia.|d Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia.
authors: Vincent J
authors: VJ
authors: Dalbo
authors: a School of Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia.
authors: Kylie J
authors: KJ
authors: Connolly
authors: a School of Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia.|b Centre for Physical Activity Studies, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia.
authors: Andrew S
authors: AS
authors: Fenning
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000072696:High-Intensity Interval Training; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000254:growth & development / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D050177:Overweight / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011897:Random Allocation; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D057185:Sedentary Behavior
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: activité physique; cardiovasculaire; cardiovascular; comportement sédentaire; inflammation; metabolism; métabolisme; oxidative stress; physical activity; sedentary behaviour; stress oxydatif