title: Spectrum optimization for computed radiography mammography systems.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Technical quality assurance is a key issue in breast screening protocols. While full-field digital mammography systems produce excellent image quality at low dose, it appears difficult with computed radiography (CR) systems to fulfill the requirements for image quality, and to keep the dose below the limits. However, powder plate CR systems are still widely used, e.g., they represent ∼30% of the devices in the Austrian breast cancer screening program. For these systems the selection of an optimal spectrum is a key issue.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated different anode/filter (A/F) combinations over the clinical range of tube voltages. The figure-of-merit (FOM) to be optimized was squared signal-difference-to-noise ratio divided by glandular dose. Measurements were performed on a Siemens Mammomat 3000 with a Fuji Profect reader (SiFu) and on a GE Senograph DMR with a Carestream reader (GECa).
  
  
  RESULTS
  For 50mm PMMA the maximum FOM was found with a Mo/Rh spectrum between 27kVp and 29kVp, while with 60mm Mo/Rh at 28kVp (GECa) and W/Rh 25kVp (SiFu) were superior. For 70mm PMMA the Rh/Rh spectrum had a peak at about 31kVp (GECa). FOM increases from 10% to >100% are demonstrated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Optimization as proposed in this paper can either lead to dose reduction with comparable image quality or image quality improvement if necessary. For systems with limited A/F combinations the choice of tube voltage is of considerable importance. In this work, optimization of AEC parameters such as anode-filter combination and tube potential was demonstrated for mammographic CR systems.
authors: Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Figl
authors: Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Homolka
authors: Reference Center for Technical Quality Assurance in the Mammography Screening Program, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Vienna, Austria.
authors: Friedrich
authors: F
authors: Semturs
authors: Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors: Marcus
authors: M
authors: Kaar
authors: Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: johann.hummel@meduniwien.ac.at.
authors: Johann
authors: J
authors: Hummel
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008327:Mammography / Q000379:methods*; D008403:Mass Screening; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio; D013057:Spectrum Analysis
keywords: Computed radiography; Mammography; Technical quality assurance