title: Tailoring the mucoadhesive and sustained release characteristics of mesalamine loaded formulations for local treatment of distal forms of ulcerative colitis.
abstract: Direct delivery of sustained therapeutic levels of mesalamine (MS) via rectal systems to manage distal forms of ulcerative colitis was studied. The High molecular weight hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC K4M) polymer was combined with hydrophilic surfactants to control polymer hydration process allowing optimization of the mucoadhesive and controlled drug release properties for the rectal systems. Physical mixtures and granules of MS and HPMC K4M were prepared and in vitro characterized using scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction techniques. Rectal formulations were prepared utilizing MS-HPMC K4M mixtures in different polyethylene glycol (PEG) combination bases. The developed rectal formulations were investigated for physical, mucoadhesion, in-vitro drug release and swelling characteristics. Results revealed acceptable physical characteristics of the prepared formulations with good content uniformity and minimum weight variation. Sustained release patterns of MS form HPMC K4M based formulations were observed. Formulations prepared using high proportions of the polymer or PEG 400 showed higher extent of mucoadhesion, swelling and greatly extended drug release time. Efficacy of an optimized formulation was assessed using the acetic acid induced colitis model in rats and compared to a reference polymer-free formulation of the drug. Clinical evaluation included bleeding from rectum, consistency of animal stool and colon/body weight ratio. Furthermore, histopathological analysis was carried out to evaluate the degree of inflammation and mucosal damage. Overall results showed a significant enhancement in the clinical pictures and colon histopathology of animals treated by the sustained release mucoadhesive formulation compared to the reference polymer free formulation and the non-treated colitis group.
authors: Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. Electronic address: hafandy2000@yahoo.com.
authors: Hany S M
authors: HS
authors: Ali
authors: Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia; Research and Development Department, European Egyptian Pharmaceutical Industries, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors: Ahmed F
authors: AF
authors: Hanafy
authors: Department of Surgical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors: Samar N
authors: SN
authors: El Achy
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004339:Drug Compounding; D065546:Drug Liberation; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D019804:Mesalamine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013488:Suppositories; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D013488:Suppositories; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives; D019804:Mesalamine
keywords: Clinical score; HPMC K4M; Histopathology; Mesalamine; Mucoadhesion; Sustained release; Ulcerative colitis