title: Isolation of All CD44 Transcripts in Human Epidermis and Regulation of Their Expression by Various Agents.
abstract: CD44, a cell surface proteoglycan, is involved in many biological events. CD44 transcripts undergo complex alternative splicing, resulting in many functionally distinct isoforms. To date, however, the nature of these isoforms in human epidermis has not been adequately determined. In this study, we isolated all CD44 transcripts from normal human epidermis, and studied how their expressions are regulated. By RT-PCR, we found that a number of different CD44 transcripts were expressed in human epidermis, and we obtained all these transcripts from DNA bands in agarose and acrylamide gels by cloning. Detailed sequence analysis revealed 18 CD44 transcripts, 3 of which were novel. Next, we examined effects of 10 different agents on the expression of CD44 transcripts in cultured human keratinocytes, and found that several agents, particularly epidermal growth factor, hydrogen peroxide, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, retinoic acid, calcium and fetal calf serum differently regulated their expressions in various patterns. Furthermore, normal and malignant keratinocytes were found to produce different CD44 transcripts upon serum stimulation and subsequent starvation, suggesting that specific CD44 isoforms are involved in tumorigenesis via different CD44-mediated biological pathways.
authors: Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan.
authors: Kwesi
authors: K
authors: Teye
authors: Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan.
authors: Sanae
authors: S
authors: Numata
authors: Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan.
authors: Norito
authors: N
authors: Ishii
authors: Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan.
authors: Rafal P
authors: RP
authors: Krol
authors: Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan.
authors: Atsunari
authors: A
authors: Tsuchisaka
authors: Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan.
authors: Takahiro
authors: T
authors: Hamada
authors: Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan.
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Koga
authors: Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan.
authors: Tadashi
authors: T
authors: Karashima
authors: Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan.
authors: Chika
authors: C
authors: Ohata
authors: Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Daisuke
authors: D
authors: Tsuruta
authors: Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Hideyuki
authors: H
authors: Saya
authors: University of Lyon 1, EA 4169 and CNRS, Lyon, France.
authors: Marek
authors: M
authors: Haftek
authors: Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan.
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Hashimoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D000078404:Epidermal Cells; D004817:Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012333:RNA, Messenger