title: Periodontitis promotes the diabetic development of obese rat via miR-147 induced classical macrophage activation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Emerging evidence has indicated the bad effect of periodontal inflammation on diabetes control. However, the exact regulatory mechanisms within the association between periodontitis and diabetic development remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the function of microRNAs in regulating periodontitis-induced inflammation in an obese rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental periodontitis was introduced into OLETF and LETO rat. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test was performed to detect diabetic development. Serum cytokines levels and microRNAs expression were detected by ELISA and RT-PCR analysis respectively. And, macrophages were isolated for gain- and loss-of-function studies, to investigate the regulatory mechanism of miR-147 in periodontitis-induced inflammation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Periodontitis induced proinflammatory response with classical activated macrophages in both rats, but distinctively aggravated the impaired glucose tolerance of OLETF rat with spontaneous type 2 diabetes. Analysis for serum microRNAs expression showed the distinctive and synergistic upregulation of miR-147 with periodontitis-induced effects in rats, while further experiments demonstrated the positive regulatory mechanism of miR-147 on classical activated macrophages with overexpressed proinflammatory markers, showing M1 phenotype.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provided new evidence for the positive effect of periodontal inflammation on diabetic development, while the regulatory mechanism of miR-147 on classical macrophage activation, was verified, and presumed to contribute to the impaired glucose tolerance aggravated by periodontitis in obese rats. Besides, this study indicated the application of miR-147 for therapeutic approach in the treatment of diabetes with periodontitis.
authors: Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
authors: Ran
authors: R
authors: Xu
authors: Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
authors: Guang
authors: G
authors: Zeng
authors: Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontic, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
authors: Shuyong
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Tao
authors: Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
authors: Le
authors: L
authors: Ren
authors: Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
authors: Zhe
authors: Z
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
authors: Qingna
authors: Q
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
authors: Jinxiu
authors: J
authors: Zhao
authors: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changle West Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: gaojingg@yeah.net.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Gao
authors: Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: daxul2210@163.com.
authors: Daxu
authors: D
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000473:pathology; D016764:Cell Polarity; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000235:genetics*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D020334:Rats, Inbred OLETF
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; C000613893:MIRN147 microRNA, rat; D035683:MicroRNAs
keywords: Diabetes; M1 macrophage; Periodontitis; miR-147