title: Transcriptome sequencing and de novo characterization of Korean endemic land snail, Koreanohadra kurodana for functional transcripts and SSR markers.
abstract: The Korean endemic land snail Koreanohadra kurodana (Gastropoda: Bradybaenidae) found in humid areas of broadleaf forests and shrubs have been considered vulnerable as the number of individuals are declining in recent years. The species is poorly characterized at the genomic level that limits the understanding of functions at the molecular and genetics level. In the present study, we performed de novo transcriptome sequencing to produce a comprehensive transcript dataset of visceral mass tissue of K. kurodana by the Illumina paired-end sequencing technology. Over 234 million quality reads were assembled to a total of 315,924 contigs and 191,071 unigenes, with an average and N50 length of 585.6 and 715 bp and 678 and 927 bp, respectively. Overall, 36.32 % of the unigenes found matches to known protein/nucleotide sequences in the public databases. The direction of the unigenes to functional categories was determined using COG, GO, KEGG, and InterProScan protein domain search. The GO analysis search resulted in 22,967 unigenes (12.02 %) being categorized into 40 functional groups. The KEGG annotation revealed that metabolism pathway genes were enriched. The most prominent protein motifs include the zinc finger, ribonuclease H, reverse transcriptase, and ankyrin repeat domains. The simple sequence repeats (SSRs) identified from >1 kb length of unigenes show a dominancy of dinucleotide repeat motifs followed with tri- and tetranucleotide motifs. A number of unigenes were putatively assessed to belong to adaptation and defense mechanisms including heat shock proteins 70, Toll-like receptor 4, AMP-activated protein kinase, aquaporin-2, etc. Our data provide a rich source for the identification and functional characterization of new genes and candidate polymorphic SSR markers in K. kurodana. The availability of transcriptome information ( http://bioinfo.sch.ac.kr/submission/ ) would promote the utilization of the resources for phylogenetics study and genetic diversity assessment.
authors: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, Korea.
authors: Se Won
authors: SW
authors: Kang
authors: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, Korea.|Trident School of Biotech Sciences, Trident Academy of Creative Technology (TACT), Chandaka Industrial Estate, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
authors: Bharat Bhusan
authors: BB
authors: Patnaik
authors: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, Korea.
authors: Hee-Ju
authors: HJ
authors: Hwang
authors: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, Korea.
authors: So Young
authors: SY
authors: Park
authors: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, Korea.
authors: Jong Min
authors: JM
authors: Chung
authors: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, Korea.
authors: Dae Kwon
authors: DK
authors: Song
authors: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, Korea.
authors: Hongray Howrelia
authors: HH
authors: Patnaik
authors: Korea Zoonosis Research Institute (KOZRI), Chonbuk National University, 820-120 Hana-ro, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, 54528, Korea.
authors: Jae Bong
authors: JB
authors: Lee
authors: National Institute of Biological Resources, 42, Hwangyeong-ro, Seo-gu, Incheon, 22689, Korea.
authors: Changmu
authors: C
authors: Kim
authors: National Institute of Biological Resources, 42, Hwangyeong-ro, Seo-gu, Incheon, 22689, Korea.
authors: Soonok
authors: S
authors: Kim
authors: Research Institute, GnC BIO Co., LTD., 621-6 Banseok-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34069, Korea.
authors: Hong Seog
authors: HS
authors: Park
authors: College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61186, Korea.
authors: Yeon Soo
authors: YS
authors: Han
authors: Institute of Environmental Research, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 243341, Korea.
authors: Jun Sang
authors: JS
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyangro, Shinchang-myeon, Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31538, Korea. yslee@sch.ac.kr.
authors: Yong Seok
authors: YS
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / Q000379:methods; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D010802:Phylogeny; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA / Q000379:methods; D012908:Snails / Q000235:genetics*
keywords: De novo assembly; Functional annotation; Koreanohadra kurodana; Simple sequence repeats; Transcriptomics