title: Selenate mitigates arsenite toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by reducing arsenic uptake and ameliorates amino acid content and thiol metabolism.
abstract: Arsenic (As) is a toxic element with the potential to cause health effects in humans. Besides rice is a source of both amino acids (AAs) and mineral nutrients, it is undesired source of As for billions of people consuming rice as the staple food. Selenium (Se) is an essential metalloid, which can regulate As toxicity by strengthening antioxidant potential. The present study was designed to investigate As(III) stress mitigating effect of Se(VI) in rice. The level of As, thiolic ligands and AAs was analyzed in rice seedlings after exposure to As(III)/Se(VI) alone and As(III)+Se(VI) treatments. Selenate supplementation (As(III) 25μM+Se(VI) 25μM) decreased total As accumulation in both root and shoot (179 & 144%) as compared to As(III) alone treatment. The As(III)+Se(VI) treatment also induced the levels of non-protein thiols (NPTs), glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatins (PCs) as compared to As(III) alone treatment and also modulated the activity of enzymes of thiol metabolism. The content of amino acids (AAs) was significantly altered with Se(VI) supplementation. Importantly, essential amino acids (EAAs) were enhanced in As(III)+Se(VI) treatment as compared to As(III) alone treatment. In contrast, stress related non-essential amino acids (NEAAs) like GABA, Glu, Gly, Pro and Cys showed enhanced levels in As(III) alone treatment. In conclusion, rice supplemented with Se(VI) tolerated As toxicity with reduced As accumulation and increased the nutrition quality by increasing EAAs.
authors: Department of Botany, Lucknow University, Lucknow 226 007, India; CSIR, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226 001, India. Electronic address: amit_gene@yahoo.com.
authors: Amit
authors: A
authors: Kumar
authors: CSIR, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226 001, India.
authors: Garima
authors: G
authors: Dixit
authors: CSIR, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226 001, India.
authors: Amit Pal
authors: AP
authors: Singh
authors: CSIR, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226 001, India.
authors: Sanjay
authors: S
authors: Dwivedi
authors: Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
authors: Sudhakar
authors: S
authors: Srivastava
authors: Department of Botany, Lucknow University, Lucknow 226 007, India.
authors: Kumkum
authors: K
authors: Mishra
authors: CSIR, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow 226 001, India. Electronic address: tripathi_rd@rediffmail.com.
authors: Rudra Deo
authors: RD
authors: Tripathi
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001151:Arsenic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D018053:Arsenites / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D012275:Oryza / Q000187:drug effects*; D054811:Phytochelatins / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects; D064586:Selenic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012643:Selenium / Q000378:metabolism; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000975:Antioxidants; D018053:Arsenites; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D054811:Phytochelatins; D005978:Glutathione; D012643:Selenium; D064586:Selenic Acid; D001151:Arsenic
keywords: Amino acid; Arsenite; Rice; Selenate; Thiol metabolism