title: Association of cardiovascular emerging risk factors with acute coronary syndrome and stroke: A case-control study.
abstract: In this study, we estimated the risk of acute coronary syndrome and stroke associated with several emerging cardiovascular risk factors. This was a case-control study, where an age - and sex-matched acute coronary syndrome group and stroke group were compared with controls. Demographic and clinical data were collected through patient interviews, and blood samples were taken for analysis. In the bivariate analysis, all cardiovascular risk factors analyzed showed as predictors of acute coronary syndrome and stroke, except total cholesterol and smoking. In the multivariate logistic regression model for acute coronary syndrome, hypertension and body mass index, N-terminal section brain natriuretic peptide and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A were independent predictors. For stroke, the predictors were hypertension, diabetes mellitus, body mass index, and N-terminal section brain natriuretic peptide. Controlling for age, sex, and classical cardiovascular risk factors, N-terminal section brain natriuretic peptide and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A were independent emerging cardiovascular risk factors for acute coronary syndrome, but pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A was not for stroke. High levels of cardiovascular risk factors in individuals with no episodes of cardiovascular disease requires the implementation of prevention programs, given that at least half of them are modifiable.
authors: Virgen de las Nieves Universitary Hospital, Granada, Spain.
authors: José Manuel
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3527-934X
authors: JM
authors: Martínez Linares
authors: School of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Guisado Barrilao
authors: School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors: Francisco Manuel
authors: FM
authors: Ocaña Peinado
authors: Laboratory Unit, Hospital of Motril, Granada, Spain.
authors: Francisco Javier
authors: FJ
authors: Salgado Parreño
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000401:mortality*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001244:Association; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D045265:Natriuretic Peptides / Q000032:analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000401:mortality*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D045265:Natriuretic Peptides
keywords: acute coronary syndrome; cardiovascular disease; case-control study; risk factor; stroke