title: Substance Use as a Risk Factor for Sleep Problems Among Adolescents Presenting to the Emergency Department.
abstract: To determine correlates of sleep problems among adolescents. Specifically, to assess the relative strength of associations between sleep problems and dating victimization, reasons for emergency department (ED) visit, depression, unhealthy alcohol use, and other drug use (marijuana, nonmedical use of prescription opioids, stimulants, and tranquilizers).
  
  
  
  A total of 1852 adolescents aged 14 to 20 years presenting for care to the University of Michigan Emergency Department, Ann Arbor, Michigan, during 2011-2012, self-administered a computerized health survey. Sleep problems were identified if any of the 4 items on the Sleep Problems Questionnaire were rated by a patient as greater than 3 on a 0 to 5 scale. Adolescents who were too sick to be screened in the ED were eligible to participate in the study during their inpatient stay. Exclusion criteria for baseline included insufficient cognitive orientation precluding informed consent, not having parent/guardian present if younger than 18 years, medical severity precluding participation, active suicidal/homicidal ideation, non-English-speaking, deaf/visually impaired, or already participated in this study on a prior visit.
  
  
  
  23.5% of adolescents reported clinically significant sleep problems. Female gender, depression, dating victimization, tobacco use, nonmedical use of prescription medication, and an ED visit for medical reasons were each associated with sleep problems among adolescents, even while controlling for age, other types of drug use, receiving public assistance, and dropping out of school.
  
  
  
  These exploratory findings indicate that ED-based screening and brief intervention approaches addressing substance use and/or dating victimization may need to account for previously undiagnosed sleep problems.
authors: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ukrainian Research Institute of Social and Forensic Psychiatry and Drug Abuse, Kyiv, Ukraine (OZ); University of Michigan Injury Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine (EA, PE, VS, QE-N, RMC, MAW); Department of Psychiatry (DAC, MAW); Department of Surgery (PE, RMC); Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, (VS); University of Michigan Institute for Research on Women and Gender (QE-N); and University of Michigan Addiction Research Center, Ann Arbor, MI (MAW).
authors: Olena
authors: O
authors: Zhabenko
authors: Elizabeth
authors: E
authors: Austic
authors: Deirdre A
authors: DA
authors: Conroy
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Ehrlich
authors: Vijay
authors: V
authors: Singh
authors: Quyen
authors: Q
authors: Epstein-Ngo
authors: Rebecca M
authors: RM
authors: Cunningham
authors: Maureen A
authors: MA
authors: Walton
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000328:Adult; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult