title: On the feasibility of the Chevron Notch Beam method to measure fracture toughness of fine-grained zirconia ceramics.
abstract: The fracture toughness determination of fine-grained zirconia ceramics using the chevron notched beam method (CNB) was investigated to assess the feasibility of this method for quality assurance and material characterization.
  
  
  
  CNB tests were performed using four different yttria-stabilized zirconia ceramics under various testing modes and conditions, including displacement-controlled and load-rate-controlled four point bending to assess the influence of slow crack growth and identify most suitable test parameters. For comparison, tests using single-edge V-notch beams (SEVNB) were conducted.
  
  
  
  It was observed that the CNB method yields well-reproducible results. However, slow crack growth effects significantly affect the measured KIC values, especially when slow loading rates are used. To minimize the effect of slow crack growth, the application of high loading rates is recommended.
  
  
  
  Despite a certain effort needed for setting up a sample preparation routine, the CNB method is considered to be very useful for measuring and controlling the fracture toughness of zirconia ceramics.
authors: Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM, Wöhlerstraße 11, 79108 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: andreas.kailer@iwm.fraunhofer.de.
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Kailer
authors: Institut Straumann AG, Peter Merian-Weg 12, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address: marc.stephan@straumann.com.
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: Stephan
mesh_terms: D002516:Ceramics; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D008422:Materials Testing; D015040:Zirconium
chemical_list: D003776:Dental Porcelain; D015040:Zirconium; C028541:zirconium oxide
keywords: Ceramics; Chevron; Fracture toughness testing; Properties; Zirconia