title: Evidence for increased immune mobilization in First Episode Psychosis compared with the prodromal stage in males.
abstract: The aim of the study was to gauge both the immune and neuroendocrine function in Ultra High Risk for psychosis (UHR) subjects and compare them with a cohort presenting with First Episode Psychosis (FEP). We recruited two groups, the first group consisted of 12 UHR males and the second of 25 males with FEP. We measured serum cortisol levels at 08:00, 12:00, 18:00 with their Area Under Curve with respect to the ground (AUCg) and the increase (AUCi) and we measured serum cytokines levels, Interleukin-1a, IL-1a, IL-2, IL-4,IL-5,IL-6,IL-8, IL-10,IL-12, IL-17a, Tumor Necrosis Factor-a (TNF-a), Interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Dexamethasone Suppression Test (DST) was also performed . The results suggest higher levels of both pro-inflammatory (TNF-a, IL-2, IL-12, IFN-γ) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines in the FEP group compared with the UHR counterparts. Regarding the HPA axis function, the prodromal subjects showed a trend for higher AUCg and AUCi change/decrease cortisol levels. On the contrary, the DST results did not differ between the groups. No significant associations were demonstrated within each group among cytokines, cortisol and psychopathology. The findings favor a hypothesis of a relatively increased mobilization of both the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine networks, in FEP compared with that of UHR subjects.
authors: The University of Queensland, Rural Clinical School, School of Medicine, 152 West St, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia; 424 General Military Hospital of Thessaloniki, Psychiatric Department, Thessaloniki Ring Road, 56429 Efkarpia, Thessaloniki, Greece. Electronic address: epkarani@yahoo.com.
authors: Evangelos
authors: E
authors: Karanikas
authors: 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, P Kanelopoulou 1 st, 11525 Goudi, Athens, Greece.
authors: Ioannis
authors: I
authors: Griveas
authors: 424 General Military Hospital of Thessaloniki, Psychiatric Department, Thessaloniki Ring Road, 56429 Efkarpia, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors: Evangelos
authors: E
authors: Ntouros
authors: 2nd Psychiatric Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Psychiatric Hospital of Thessaloniki, 196 Lagkada St, Stavroupoli 564 29, Greece.
authors: Georgios
authors: G
authors: Floros
authors: 2nd Psychiatric Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Psychiatric Hospital of Thessaloniki, 196 Lagkada St, Stavroupoli 564 29, Greece.
authors: George
authors: G
authors: Garyfallos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006115:Greece / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D062706:Prodromal Symptoms; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D006854:Hydrocortisone
keywords: Cortisol; Cytokines; First Episode Psychosis; HPA axis; Immunity; Inflammation; Ultra high risk