title: The total alkaloid fraction of bulbs of Fritillaria cirrhosa displays anti-inflammatory activity and attenuates acute lung injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bulb of Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don (BFC) has been wildly used in China for a long time for folk medicine since its significant therapeutic effects on respiratory diseases, such as cough, expectoration, pneumonia and bronchial inflammation, which are related to respiratory inflammatory response. However, there is a lack of investigation on the in vivo anti-inflammatory properties of BFC.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of the purified total alkaloid fraction of BFC (TAF) by using different animal models of inflammation to provide scientific evidence for its traditional use.
  
  
  METHODS
  The total alkaloid fraction from BFC was prepared by using H-103 resin column. Anti-inflammatory effect of TAF was evaluated by models of acetic acid-induced capillary permeability accentuation, carrageenan-induced rat paw edema, cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation and LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI). The level of cytokines (TNF, IL-6, IL-4 and IL-10) was measured by ELISA. Histopathological analyses were performed by using hematoxylin and eosin staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TAF can inhibit acetic acid-induced capillary permeability accentuation, carrageenan-induced paw edema, cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation, suppress inflammatory cells recruitment and cytokine production in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from LPS-induced ALI mice, and attenuate pathological changes in the lung tissues of ALI mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides scientific evidence for bulb of F. cirrhosa to treat respiratory inflammation.
authors: Department of Pharmacognosy, West China College of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, RenMin NanLu 3 Duan, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna A-1090, Austria. Electronic address: wddong1988@hotmail.com.
authors: Dongdong
authors: D
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Urology, Chengdu First People's Hospital, GaoXinQu WanXiang BeiLu 18 Hao, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Pharmacognosy, West China College of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, RenMin NanLu 3 Duan, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
authors: Qingdan
authors: Q
authors: Du
authors: Department of Pharmacognosy, West China College of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, RenMin NanLu 3 Duan, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
authors: Houcong
authors: H
authors: Li
authors: Department of Pharmacognosy, West China College of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, RenMin NanLu 3 Duan, Chengdu 610041, PR China. Electronic address: huaxiyaoxue3000@gmail.com.
authors: Shu
authors: S
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000470:Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D031410:Fritillaria / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Acute lung injury; Alkaloid; Anti-inflammatory activity; Fritillaria cirrhosa