title: CT Radiation Dose Reduction in Robot-assisted Pediatric Spinal Surgery.
abstract: METHODS
  Retrospective consecutive cohort series.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to develop a low-dose computed tomography (CT) protocol for use in robot-assisted pediatric spinal surgery.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  CT scans are utilized preoperatively for preoperative planning, by navigation software during robot-assisted surgery, and postoperatively to assess surgical implant placement. Traditionally high radiation doses produced by CT scanning are a concern in the highly radiosensitive pediatric population.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed a low-dose protocol using phantom scans. A cohort of patients undergoing CT scanning using the low-dose protocol was collected. Further, a matching cohort of patients who underwent standard scanning was collected. Image quality was assessed by observer ratings. Radiation doses and image quality metrics were compared for the standard and low-dose protocol patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Effective dose significantly decreased 84% to 91% depending on patient size and whether the scan was preoperative or postoperative. All scans were compatible with the navigation software. No clinically significant differences in image quality were observed between low-dose and standard patient cohorts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Task-based CT protocol optimization can produce acceptable image quality with dose comparable to standard two-view radiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  2.
authors: Department of Radiology, Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL.|College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL.|College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL.
authors: William F
authors: WF
authors: Sensakovic
authors: Department of Radiology, Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL.|College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL.
authors: M Cody
authors: MC
authors: O'Dell
authors: Department of Radiology, Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL.
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Agha
authors: Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery, Florida Hospital for Children, Orlando, FL.
authors: Raymund
authors: R
authors: Woo
authors: Department of Radiology, Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL.|College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL.|College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL.
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Varich
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D065287:Robotic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*