title: A nationwide survey of common viral infections in childhood among patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases.
abstract: Patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID) are highly susceptible to various microorganisms. However, no population-based studies have been performed among common viral pathogens, such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rotavirus (RV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and influenza virus (IV). The objective of this study was to reveal the clinical burden of these four infections among PID patients in Japan.
  
  
  
  We conducted a nationwide survey by sending questionnaires to 898 hospitals with pediatric departments throughout Japan.
  
  
  
  Nine hundred ten PID patients from 621 hospitals were registered (response rate: 69.2%). Fifty-four of the patients were hospitalized due to these viral infections. The durations of hospitalization due to RSV and RV infections differed significantly in the PID patients with and without cellular immunodeficiency (12.0 vs 6.5 days, p = 0.041; and 14.0 vs 6.0 days, p = 0.031, respectively). There was no significant difference in the duration of hospitalization in PID patients with and without cellular immunodeficiency who were hospitalized with IV infections (7.3 vs 6.1 days, p = 0.53).
  
  
  
  Special attention should be paid to PID patients with compromised cellular immunity who present with RSV and RV infection due to their high risk for severe disease.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. Electronic address: nanishi@pediatr.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors: Etsuro
authors: E
authors: Nanishi
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan.
authors: Takayuki
authors: T
authors: Hoshina
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Perinatal and Pediatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Hidetoshi
authors: H
authors: Takada
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Masataka
authors: M
authors: Ishimura
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Center for the Study of Global Infection, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Hisanori
authors: H
authors: Nishio
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan.
authors: Takahiro
authors: T
authors: Uehara
authors: Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Yumi
authors: Y
authors: Mizuno
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan.
authors: Shunji
authors: S
authors: Hasegawa
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan.
authors: Shouichi
authors: S
authors: Ohga
authors: Department of Pediatrics and Clinical Research, NHO Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan.
authors: Masayoshi
authors: M
authors: Nagao
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Saiseikai Kawaguchi General Hospital, Kawaguchi, Japan.
authors: Maiko
authors: M
authors: Igarashi
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu Medical Center, Hamamatsu, Japan.
authors: Shuhei
authors: S
authors: Yajima
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Osaka General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Yoshio
authors: Y
authors: Kusumoto
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Fujita General Hospital, Fukushima, Japan.
authors: Noriko
authors: N
authors: Onishi
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Yoji
authors: Y
authors: Sasahara
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Takahiro
authors: T
authors: Yasumi
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors: Toshio
authors: T
authors: Heike
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Toshiro
authors: T
authors: Hara
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002644:Chickenpox / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D014645:Herpesvirus 3, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000821:virology; D018113:Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Cellular immunodeficiency; Influenza virus; Primary immunodeficiency diseases; Respiratory syncytial virus; Rotavirus; Varicella-zoster virus