title: Reducing nitrogen runoff from paddy fields with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under different fertilizer regimes.
abstract: Nitrogen (N) runoff from paddy fields serves as one of the main sources of water pollution. Our aim was to reduce N runoff from paddy fields by fertilizer management and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). In northeast China, Shuangcheng city in Heilongjiang province, a field experiment was conducted, using rice provided with 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% of the local norm of fertilization (including N, phosphorus and potassium), with or without inoculation with Glomus mosseae. The volume, concentrations of total N (TN), dissolved N (DN) and particulate N (PN) of runoff water were measured. We found that the local norm of fertilization led to 18.9kg/ha of N runoff during rice growing season, with DN accounting for 60%-70%. We also found that reduction in fertilization by 20% cut down TN runoff by 8.2% while AMF inoculation decreased N runoff at each fertilizer level and this effect was inhibited by high fertilization. The combination of inoculation with AMF and 80% of the local norm of fertilization was observed to reduce N runoff by 27.2%. Conclusively, we suggested that the contribution of AMF inoculation combined with decreasing fertilization should get more attention to slow down water eutrophication by reducing N runoff from paddy fields.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China. Electronic address: zhangshujuan525@sina.com.
authors: Shujuan
authors: S
authors: Zhang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China. Electronic address: wli@hit.edu.cn.
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China. Electronic address: mafang@hit.edu.cn.
authors: Fang
authors: F
authors: Ma
authors: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
authors: Xue
authors: X
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
authors: Dafang
authors: D
authors: Fu
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005068:Eutrophication; D005308:Fertilizers; D038821:Mycorrhizae; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis*; D012275:Oryza; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014872:Water Movements; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D014877:Water Pollution, Chemical / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D010758:Phosphorus; D009584:Nitrogen
keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Dissolved nitrogen; Fertilization; Nitrogen loss; Paddy fields; Particulate nitrogen; Runoff