title: A Careful Consideration of the Calibration Concept.
abstract: This paper presents a detailed discussion of the technical aspects of the calibration process with emphasis on the definition of the measurand, the conditions under which the calibration results are valid, and the subsequent use of the calibration results in measurement uncertainty statements. The concepts of measurement uncertainty, error, systematic error, and reproducibility are also addressed as they pertain to the calibration process.
authors: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-0001.
authors: S D
authors: SD
authors: Phillips
authors: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-0001.
authors: W T
authors: WT
authors: Estler
authors: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-0001.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Doiron
authors: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-0001.
authors: K R
authors: KR
authors: Eberhardt
authors: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-0001.
authors: M S
authors: MS
authors: Levenson
keywords: calibration; error; influence quantities; measurand; systematic error; uncertainty