title: Rupatadine: global safety evaluation in allergic rhinitis and urticaria.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rupatadine is a second-generation H1-antihistamine with dual affinity for histamine H1 and PAF receptors. Rupatadine is indicated for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Medline search was conducted to identify preclinical and clinical studies of rupatadine. This was supplemented with additional articles obtained from online sources. The focus of this review is on the safety profile of rupatadine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The review of these data indicates that rupatadine is highly selective for histamine H1-receptors, exhibits additional PAF antagonism in in vitro and in vivo studies, does not cross the blood-brain barrier, and has similar adverse events comparable with other second-generation antihistamines. Rupatadine is a safe and well tolerated drug in patients over 2 years old, with no central nervous system or cardiovascular effects and it can be taken with or without foods.
authors: a Department of Allergology , Hospital Quirón , Barcelona , Spain.
authors: Vanesa
authors: V
authors: González-Núñez
authors: b Upper Airway Research Laboratory, Department of Oto-rhino-laryngology , Ghent University , Ghent , Belgium.
authors: Claus
authors: C
authors: Bachert
authors: c Unitat de Rinologia & Clínica de l'Olfacte, ENT Department , Hospital Clínic i Universitari; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS); and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) , Barcelona , Spain.
authors: Joaquim
authors: J
authors: Mullol
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism; D003533:Cyproheptadine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014581:Urticaria / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; C103639:rupatadine; D003533:Cyproheptadine
keywords: H1-antihistamine; H1-receptor antagonist; PAF antagonist; Rupatadine; allergic rhinitis; chronic spontaneous urticaria; intermittent; perennial; persistent; pharmacodynamics; pharmacokinetics; safety; seasonal; second-generation antihistamine; therapeutic use; urticaria