title: Nutrient production from dairy cattle manure and loading on arable land.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Along with increasing livestock products via intensive rearing, the accumulation of livestock manure has become a serious issue due to the fact that there is finite land for livestock manure recycling via composting. The nutrients from livestock manure accumulate on agricultural land and the excess disembogues into streams causing eutrophication. In order to systematically manage nutrient loading on agricultural land, quantifying the amount of nutrients according to their respective sources is very important. However, there is a lack of research concerning nutrient loss from livestock manure during composting or storage on farms. Therefore, in the present study we quantified the nutrients from dairy cattle manure that were imparted onto agricultural land.
  
  
  METHODS
  Through investigation of 41 dairy farms, weight reduction and volatile solids (VS), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) changes of dairy cattle manure during the storage and composting periods were analyzed. In order to support the direct investigation and survey on site, the three cases of weight reduction during the storing and composting periods were developed according to i) experiment, ii) reference, and iii) theoretical changes in phosphorus content (ΔP = 0).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The data revealed the nutrient loading coefficients (NLCs) of VS, TN, and TP on agricultural land were 1.48, 0.60, and 0.66, respectively. These values indicated that the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus was 40% and 34%, respectively, and that there was an increase of VS since bedding materials were mixed with excretion in the barn.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As result of nutrient-footprint analyses, the amounts of TN and TP particularly entered on arable land have been overestimated if applying the nutrient amount in fresh manure. The NLCs obtained in this study may assist in the development of a database to assess the accurate level of manure nutrient loading on soil and facilitate systematic nutrient management.
authors: Department of Animal Resources, College of Life & Environmental Science, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Korea.
authors: Seunggun
authors: S
authors: Won
authors: Division of Animal Resource Sciences, College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.
authors: Soo-Min
authors: SM
authors: Shim
authors: Division of Animal Resource Sciences, College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.
authors: Byung-Gu
authors: BG
authors: You
authors: Division of Animal Resource Sciences, College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.
authors: Yoon-Seok
authors: YS
authors: Choi
authors: Division of Animal Resource Sciences, College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.
authors: Changsix
authors: C
authors: Ra
keywords: Composting; Dairy Cattle Manure; Nutrient Loading Coefficients; Nutrient Loss; Weight Reduction