title: Evaluating the efficacy of a centrifugation-flotation method for extracting Ascaris ova from soil.
abstract: Soil transmitted helminths (STH) continue to be associated with high burdens of disease, with an estimated 1.45 billion people infected with STH globally. The promotion and construction of latrines is considered the first barrier to prevent transmission of STH. The absence of a reliable method to extract STH ova from soil makes it challenging to examine whether the use of latrines may or may not have an effect on environmental contamination with ova. The present study evaluated the recovery rate of a method developed to extract STH ova from soil.
  
  
  
  The adapted centrifugation and flotation technique was applied to 15 soil types, which were seeded with Ascaris suum ova. Soil type, soil moisture content, soil texture and organic matter content were assessed for each soil sample.
  
  
  
  The average ova recovery rate was 28.2%, with the recovery rate of the method decreasing with increasing soil moisture content, particle size and organic matter content. The association between recovery rate and organic matter content was statistically significant.
  
  
  
  The present study identified a low recovery rate for an adapted centrifugation-flotation method, although this was similar to the recovery rate demonstrated by other methods developed for soil. Soil organic matter content was significantly associated with ova recovery rates.
authors: Environmental Health Group, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious Disease, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK mollycranston@hotmail.co.uk.
authors: Imogen
authors: I
authors: Cranston
authors: Environmental Health Group, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious Disease, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
authors: Penelope J
authors: PJ
authors: Teoh
authors: School of Medicine, Tulane University, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
authors: Sarah M
authors: SM
authors: Baker
authors: Section for Parasitology and Aquatic Diseases, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlaegevej 100, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
authors: Mita E
authors: ME
authors: Sengupta
authors: Environmental Health Group, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious Disease, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
authors: Jeroen H J
authors: JH
authors: Ensink
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001200:Ascaris / Q000254:growth & development*; D002498:Centrifugation / Q000379:methods*; D006373:Helminthiasis / Q000635:transmission*; D006376:Helminths; D006801:Humans; D010063:Ovum; D012424:Rural Population; D012499:Sanitation / Q000379:methods*; D012987:Soil; D014038:Toilet Facilities
chemical_list: D012987:Soil
keywords: Ascaris suum; Centrifugation-flotation; Hygiene; STH; Sanitation; Soil