title: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the growth and extraction of trace elements by Chrysopogon zizanioides (vetiver) in a substrate containing coal mine wastes.
abstract: Vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides) is a fast-growing, high biomass producing plant employed for environmental rehabilitation. The study evaluated the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth and trace element phytoextracting capabilities of vetiver in a substrate containing coalmine wastes in Southern Brazil. AMF included Acaulospora colombiana, Acaulospora morrowiae, Acaulospora scrobiculata, Dentiscutata heterogama, Gigaspora margarita, and Rhizophagus clarus. Among those, A. colombiana, G. margarita, and R. clarus promoted higher growth. AMF stimulated average increments in the accumulated P of 82% (roots), 194% (shoots first harvest-90 days) and 300% (shoots second harvest-165 days) and affected the phytoextraction of trace elements by vetiver, with larger concentrations in the roots. Plants inoculated with A. colombiana, A. morrowiae, and A. scrobiculata, in addition to the control, presented the highest levels of Cu and Zn in the roots. Overall, G. margarita stimulated the highest production of biomass, and, therefore, showed the most significant levels of trace elements in the plants. This work shows the benefits of certain AMF (especially A. morrowiae, G. margarita, and R. clarus) for the production of biomass and P uptake by vetiver, demonstrating the potential of those species for the rehabilitation of coal-mine-degraded soils.
authors: a Biological Sciences Center, Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) , Florianópolis , Santa Catarina , Brazil.
authors: Edenilson
authors: E
authors: Meyer
authors: a Biological Sciences Center, Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) , Florianópolis , Santa Catarina , Brazil.
authors: Diana Marcela Morales
authors: DM
authors: Londoño
authors: a Biological Sciences Center, Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) , Florianópolis , Santa Catarina , Brazil.
authors: Rafael Dutra
authors: RD
authors: de Armas
authors: a Biological Sciences Center, Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) , Florianópolis , Santa Catarina , Brazil.
authors: Admir José
authors: AJ
authors: Giachini
authors: a Biological Sciences Center, Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) , Florianópolis , Santa Catarina , Brazil.
authors: Márcio José
authors: MJ
authors: Rossi
authors: a Biological Sciences Center, Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) , Florianópolis , Santa Catarina , Brazil.
authors: Shantau Camargo Gomes
authors: SC
authors: Stoffel
authors: a Biological Sciences Center, Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) , Florianópolis , Santa Catarina , Brazil.
authors: Cláudio Roberto Fonsêca Sousa
authors: CR
authors: Soares
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D001938:Brazil; D049930:Chrysopogon / Q000378:metabolism*; D003031:Coal; D055137:Glomeromycota / Q000378:metabolism*; D008906:Mining; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000378:metabolism*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003031:Coal; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014131:Trace Elements
keywords: Heavy metals; phytoremediation; revegetation; soil contamination