title: Polydopamine-Coated Porous Microspheres Conjugated with Immune Stimulators for Enhanced Cytokine Induction in Macrophages.
abstract: Polydopamine-coated porous microsphere (PPM) is investigated as a simple and versatile immobilization strategy for immune-stimulating biomolecules to enhance delivery efficiency and immune-stimulating effects such as cytokine induction in macrophages. The PPMs, with diameters of about 2 μm, exhibit simultaneous and efficient incorporation of biomolecules (nucleotides and proteins), which is comparable to that achieved using microspheres carrying biomolecules internally by virtue of their porous structure. Ovalbumin-conjugated PPMs are internalized into macrophages efficiently and selectively via the phagocytic pathway, without any noticeable toxicity. Internalized CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN)-conjugated PPMs (PPM-CpG) greatly enhance the induction of selected cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 cells compared to that by the soluble CpG ODN and ionic complexes. Therefore, PPMs generated in this study may serve as effective carriers of immune-stimulating biomolecules such as diverse toll-like receptor agonists.
authors: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hyo-Eun
authors: HE
authors: Jang
authors: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hyejung
authors: H
authors: Mok
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008863:Microspheres; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D016062:Porosity; D000067996:RAW 264.7 Cells; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; C408982:CPG-oligonucleotide; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D007211:Indoles; D015850:Interleukin-6; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011108:Polymers; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C577686:interleukin-6, mouse; C568283:polydopamine
keywords: cytokines; immune stimulators; macrophages; polydopamine; porous microspheres