title: Total enbloc spondylectomy for metastatic high grade spinal tumors: Early results.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High grade metastatic spinal tumors are most common and are invasive. These patients can succumb to disease progression if not treated timely. Although considered as invasive and morbid, total enbloc spondylectomy (TES) in selected cases has better survival rates. The authors describe the results of TES for high grade metastatic spinal tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients (four females and one male) underwent TES for solitary metastatic vertebral lesion between November 2012 and January 2014. These patients presented to us with spinal instability, unrelenting severe spinal pain and/or with severe progressive radiculopathy. Average age was 46.2 years (range 39-62 years). After complete investigations, computed tomography scan, magnetic resonance imaging scan and positron emission tomography (PET) scan, it was confirmed that these patients had high grade solitary vertebral metastatic tumor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Average duration of followup was 18 months (range 16-20 months). The average preoperative visual analog scale score of 9.4 (range 9-10) improved to 2 (range 1-4) at last followup. Average blood loss was 1440 mL (range 1000-2000 mL). Average duration of surgery was 198 min (range 180-240 min). Significant pain relief was noticed in each patient in the immediate postoperative period and during followups. These patients attained complete functional activities of daily living with in a month. The imaging showed implants in situ, no recurrence of tumor, and no activity on PET scan at the final followup.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present series shows favorable short term results of TES for solitary, metastatic, high grade vertebral body tumors by a team approach.
authors: Department of Spine Surgery, Wockhardt Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors: Sanganagouda S
authors: SS
authors: Patil
authors: Department of Spine Surgery, Wockhardt Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
authors: Abhay M
authors: AM
authors: Nene
keywords: High grade tumor; Vertebral; metastasis; spinal neoplasm; total enbloc spondylectomy; tumors; vertebral metastasis