title: Searching for patent foramen ovale in a 44-year-old female patient after ischemic stroke - diagnostic problems.
abstract: Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is associated with the occurrence of cryptogenic strokes in young patients. Transesophageal echocardiography with contrast is the established standard in PFO diagnostics. We present the case of a 44-year-old female patient after ischemic stroke, in whom PFO was not detected by echocardiography; the defect was ultimately diagnosed by right heart catheterization.
authors: Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
authors: Małgorzata
authors: M
authors: Zalewska-Adamiec
authors: Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
authors: Paweł
authors: P
authors: Kralisz
authors: ;
authors: Hanna
authors: H
authors: Bachórzewska-Gajewska
authors: Department of Invasive Cardiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
authors: Sławomir
authors: S
authors: Dobrzycki
keywords: cryptogenic stroke; patent foramen ovale