title: Effect of Bonding Application Time on Bond Strength of Composite Resin to Glass Ionomer Cement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This experimental study evaluated the effect of bonding application time on the microshear bond strength of composite resin to different types of glass ionomer cements (GICs).
  
  
  METHODS
  One-hundred and sixty specimens (two conventional and two resin-modified GICs) were prepared and divided into 16 groups. The surface of all specimens was prepared using two different bonding systems (Frog and Stea) at three different times. After setting, the composite resin (Z100) was placed over the GICs. The specimens were then stored in distilled water for 24 hours (37°C) and exposed to microshear stresses at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. The results were analyzed using three-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (P<0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In conventional GICs, bond strength was affected by the type of bonding system at different times, and bond strength was significantly higher in the Fuji II group compared to Riva Self Cure group. In the Riva Self Cure group, bond strength was significantly affected by time; whereas, the type of bonding system failed to exert a significant effect on bond strength. There was no significant correlation between the type of bonding system and the two brands of resin-modified GICs. Bond strength was not affected by the type of bonding agent; however, among the two brands of resin-modified GICs, Fuji II LC yielded a significantly stronger bond.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It appears that the type of bonding agent does not affect the microshear bond strength, and the bonding application time affects the microshear bond strength in Riva Self Cure GICs.
authors: Assistant Professor, Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Narges
authors: N
authors: Panahandeh
authors: Professor, Preventive Dentistry Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Hassan
authors: H
authors: Torabzadeh
authors: Professor, Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Amir
authors: A
authors: Ghassemi
authors: Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
authors: Mina
authors: M
authors: Mahdian
authors: Associate Professor, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Alireza
authors: A
authors: Akbarzadeh Bagheban
authors: Dentist, Private Practice, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Seddigheh
authors: S
authors: Moayyedi
keywords: Acid Etching, Dental; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Glass Ionomer Cements