title: Determination and correlation of lower limb anatomical parameters and bone age during skeletal growth (based on 1005 cases).
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate bone age and its correlation with the lower limbs' developing skeletal anatomy during growth. 1005 children and young adults were evaluated for bone age and 14 different parameters measured on lower-limb reconstructions from radiological examinations carried out with an EOS 2D/3D system in the course of routine orthopedic indicated diagnostic practice. Cervical vertebral morphology evaluation for bone age using the Hassel-Farman method, which describes six stages of maturity, was selected. Intra- and inter-observer reliability tests for this method, and for the EOS 3D reconstructions were performed. Statistical analysis were performed using Spearman correlation, multiple linear regression, and t-test. The intra- and inter-observer reliability of the Hassel-Farman method and the EOS 3D lower-limb reconstruction were found to be excellent. Interestingly one bone age stage could include individuals across a 12.1 year range, and conversely individuals of the same calendar age could be of one of 3.2 different bone age stages. In the prepubertal age groups all six bone stages could be observed. Bone age revealed a stronger relationship, lower standard deviations with groups and proved to be a better discriminating variable than the calendar age by collodiaphyseal angle, femoral, and tibial torsion, femorotibial rotation, and mechanical tibiofemoral angle. Bone age is an indicator of skeletal maturity and may more accurately describe the growth of some lower limb parameters. As a result we suggest the consideration of bone age when evaluating lower-limb biomechanic-anatomical parameters. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:1431-1441, 2017.
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Akác str. 1. PC: 7632, Pécs, Hungary.
authors: Ádám Tibor
authors: ÁT
authors: Schlégl
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Akác str. 1. PC: 7632, Pécs, Hungary.
authors: Ian
authors: I
authors: O'Sullivan
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Akác str. 1. PC: 7632, Pécs, Hungary.
authors: Péter
authors: P
authors: Varga
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Akác str. 1. PC: 7632, Pécs, Hungary.
authors: Péter
authors: P
authors: Than
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Akác str. 1. PC: 7632, Pécs, Hungary.
authors: Csaba
authors: C
authors: Vermes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000365:Age Determination by Skeleton / Q000379:methods*; D001846:Bone Development; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: EOS 2D/3D; Hassel-Farman method; biomechanical parameters; bone age; lower limb