title: Age-Related Changes in Locomotor Performance Reveal a Similar Pattern for Caenorhabditis elegans, Mus domesticus, Canis familiaris, Equus caballus, and Homo sapiens.
abstract: Locomotion is one of the major physiological functions for most animals. Previous studies have described aging mechanisms linked to locomotor performance among different species. However, the precise dynamics of these age-related changes, and their interactions with development and senescence, are largely unknown. Here, we use the same conceptual framework to describe locomotor performances in Caenorhabditis elegans, Mus domesticus, Canis familiaris, Equus caballus, and Homo sapiens. We show that locomotion is a consistent biomarker of age-related changes, with an asymmetrical pattern throughout life, regardless of the type of effort or its duration. However, there is variation (i) among species for the same mode of locomotion, (ii) within species for different modes of locomotion, and (iii) among individuals of the same species for the same mode of locomotion. Age-related patterns are modulated by genetic (such as selective breeding) as well as environmental conditions (such as temperature). However, in all cases, the intersection of the rising developmental phase and the declining senescent phase reveals neither a sharp transition nor a plateau, but a smooth transition, emphasizing a crucial moment: the age at peak performance. This transition may define a specific target for future investigations on the dynamics of such biological interactions.
authors: Institut de Recherche bio-Médicale et d'Epidémiologie du Sport (IRMES), EA 7329, Institut National du Sport, de l'Expertise et de la Performance (INSEP) and Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.|Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057, Université Paris Diderot and CNRS, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors: Adrien
authors: A
authors: Marck
authors: Institut de Recherche bio-Médicale et d'Epidémiologie du Sport (IRMES), EA 7329, Institut National du Sport, de l'Expertise et de la Performance (INSEP) and Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors: Geoffroy
authors: G
authors: Berthelot
authors: Institut de Recherche bio-Médicale et d'Epidémiologie du Sport (IRMES), EA 7329, Institut National du Sport, de l'Expertise et de la Performance (INSEP) and Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors: Vincent
authors: V
authors: Foulonneau
authors: Institut de Recherche bio-Médicale et d'Epidémiologie du Sport (IRMES), EA 7329, Institut National du Sport, de l'Expertise et de la Performance (INSEP) and Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors: Andy
authors: A
authors: Marc
authors: Institut de Recherche bio-Médicale et d'Epidémiologie du Sport (IRMES), EA 7329, Institut National du Sport, de l'Expertise et de la Performance (INSEP) and Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors: Juliana
authors: J
authors: Antero-Jacquemin
authors: Institut de Recherche bio-Médicale et d'Epidémiologie du Sport (IRMES), EA 7329, Institut National du Sport, de l'Expertise et de la Performance (INSEP) and Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Noirez
authors: Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames.
authors: Anne M
authors: AM
authors: Bronikowski
authors: Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan.
authors: Theodore J
authors: TJ
authors: Morgan
authors: Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside.
authors: Theodore
authors: T
authors: Garland
authors: School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman.
authors: Patrick A
authors: PA
authors: Carter
authors: Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057, Université Paris Diderot and CNRS, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors: Pascal
authors: P
authors: Hersen
authors: Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057, Université Paris Diderot and CNRS, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors: Jean-Marc
authors: JM
authors: Di Meglio
authors: Institut de Recherche bio-Médicale et d'Epidémiologie du Sport (IRMES), EA 7329, Institut National du Sport, de l'Expertise et de la Performance (INSEP) and Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.|Centre d'Investigations en Médecine du Sport, Hôtel-Dieu, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, France.
authors: Jean-François
authors: JF
authors: Toussaint
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000502:physiology*; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology*; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors
keywords: Aging; Comparative biology; Epidemiology; Exercise physiology; Senescence