title: Use of mixed solid waste as a soil amendment for saline-sodic soil remediation and oat seedling growth improvement.
abstract: Soil salinization has become a worldwide problem that imposes restrictions on crop production and food quality. This study utilizes a soil column experiment to address the potential of using mixed solid waste (vinegar residue, fly ash, and sewage sludge) as soil amendment to ameliorate saline-sodic soil and enhance crop growth. Mixed solid waste with vinegar residue content ranging from 60-90 %, sewage sludge of 8.7-30 %, and fly ash of 1.3-10 % was added to saline-sodic soil (electrical conductivity (EC1:5) = 1.83 dS m-1, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR1:5) = 129.3 (mmolcL-1)1/2, pH = 9.73) at rates of 0 (control), 130, 260, and 650 kg ha-1. Results showed that the application of waste amendment significantly reduced SAR, while increasing soil soluble K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+, at a dose of 650 kg ha-1. The wet stability of macro-aggregates (>1 mm) was improved 90.7-133.7 % when the application rate of amendment was greater than 260 kg ha-1. The application of this amendment significantly reduced soil pH. Germination rates and plant heights of oats were improved with the increasing rate of application. There was a positive correlation between the percentage of vinegar residue and the K/Na ratio in the soil solutions and roots. These findings suggest that applying a mixed waste amendment (vinegar residue, fly ash, and sewage sludge) could be a cost-effective method for the reclamation of saline-sodic soil and the improvement of the growth of salt-tolerant plants.
authors: Research Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China.|State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization Technology of Coal Waste Resources, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
authors: Yuan
authors: Y
authors: Fan
authors: Research Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China.|State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization Technology of Coal Waste Resources, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
authors: Tian
authors: T
authors: Ge
authors: Research Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China.|State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization Technology of Coal Waste Resources, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
authors: Yanli
authors: Y
authors: Zheng
authors: Research Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China.|State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization Technology of Coal Waste Resources, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
authors: Hua
authors: H
authors: Li
authors: Research Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People's Republic of China. cfangqin@sxu.edu.cn.|State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization Technology of Coal Waste Resources, Taiyuan, 030006, China. cfangqin@sxu.edu.cn.
authors: Fangqin
authors: F
authors: Cheng
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D000327:Adsorption; D018554:Avena / Q000254:growth & development*; D060729:Coal Ash / Q000032:analysis; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000254:growth & development; D054712:Salinity; D055051:Salt-Tolerant Plants / Q000254:growth & development*; D036226:Seedlings / Q000254:growth & development; D012722:Sewage / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D012964:Sodium / Q000032:analysis; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D062611:Solid Waste / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D060729:Coal Ash; D012722:Sewage; D012987:Soil; D062611:Solid Waste; D012964:Sodium; D019342:Acetic Acid
keywords: Amendment; K/Na ratio; Mixed solid wastes; Oat seedlings; Saline-sodic soil; Wet stability of macro-aggregate