title: Internal Cardioverter Defibrillator Indications and Therapies after Atrial Baffle Procedure for d-Transposition of the Great Arteries: A Multicenter Analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is the most important cause of late mortality after atrial baffle procedure for d-transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA). Experience with internal cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy in this population is limited. We conducted a multicenter cohort study to determine the current state of ICD therapy in individuals after atrial baffle procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographic and clinical data as well as data on device implantation, programming, ICD discharges, and complications after atrial baffle procedure for d-TGA from four German centers were analyzed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ICD implantation was undertaken in 33 subjects. ICD implantation was undertaken as primary prevention in 29 (88%) and secondary prevention in four (12%) individuals. There were 21 (64%) subjects with atrial reentrant tachycardia (IART). During a median follow-up of 4.8 years, seven appropriate ICD therapies were delivered in three (10%) individuals with primary prevention indication. No appropriate shocks were documented in subjects with secondary prevention indication. A total of 12 inappropriate ICD discharges occurred in eight (24%) individuals due to IART (n = 6) or lead failure (n = 2). ICD-related complications were noted in seven individuals (21%): lead dislodgement/failure in five (15%) and ICD infection in two subjects (6%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority of individuals received an ICD for primary prevention of SCD, thus representing a liberal attitude of physicians for ICD implantation. During a median follow-up of 4.8 years, the rate of appropriate ICD therapies was low and clearly exceeded by inappropriate ICD discharges. Lead failure and IART were present in >20% of the individuals and were frequent reasons for inappropriate ICD discharges. Facing these results, rigorous treatment of IART and careful ICD programming seems mandatory.
authors: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany. David.Backhoff@med.uni-goettingen.de.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Backhoff
authors: Pediatric Heart Center, Justus-Liebig-University, Gießen, Germany.
authors: Gunter
authors: G
authors: Kerst
authors: Pediatric Heart Center, Justus-Liebig-University, Gießen, Germany.
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Peters
authors: Pediatric Heart Center, Justus-Liebig-University, Gießen, Germany.
authors: Monika
authors: M
authors: Lüdemann
authors: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Frische
authors: German Heart Center, Technical University, München, Germany.
authors: Michaela
authors: M
authors: Horndasch
authors: German Heart Center, Technical University, München, Germany.
authors: Gabriele
authors: G
authors: Hessling
authors: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany.
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Paul
authors: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany.
authors: Ulrich
authors: U
authors: Krause
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013611:Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry / Q000517:prevention & control; D014188:Transposition of Great Vessels / Q000628:therapy*
keywords: ICD; adult; atrial baffle procedure; sudden cardiac death; transposition of the great arteries