title: Disparities in Provider Recommendation of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination for U.S. Adolescents.
abstract: To determine the prevalence of and examine factors associated with provider recommendation of human papillomavirus vaccination for U.S. adolescents.
  
  
  
  Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed using data from the National Immunization Survey-Teen 2014 on 34,478 adolescents aged 13-17 years.
  
  
  
  Overall prevalence of vaccine recommendation was 72.6% for girls and 51.8% for boys. Lower rates were observed among girls aged 13 years, living below poverty line, adolescents of lesser educated mothers, and those residing in the South. Overall, girls had higher odds of vaccine recommendation (odds ratio [OR] = 2.57; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.35-2.82). Correlates of higher vaccine recommendation for girls were: older age-17 versus 13 (OR = 1.51; 95% CI = 1.20-1.89), living above versus below poverty line, and residing in Northeast (OR = 1.45; 95% CI = 1.21-1.73) and Midwest (OR = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.11-1.50) versus South. For boys, correlates of higher vaccine recommendation were: non-Hispanic black (OR = 1.30; 95% CI = 1.07-1.58) and Hispanic (OR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.03-1.48) versus non-Hispanic white race and residing in Northeast (OR = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.54-2.08) and West (OR = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.17-1.70) versus South. Other factors associated with vaccine recommendation were having a college-educated mother and frequent doctor visits in the past 12 months.
  
  
  
  This study highlights significant disparities in provider recommendation of human papillomavirus vaccination for U.S. adolescents. Findings suggest possible areas for tailored interventions to bridge the gap in vaccine recommendation and uptake in high-risk populations.
authors: St Louis University Center for Outcomes Research (SLUCOR), St Louis University, St Louis, Missouri. Electronic address: kmohamm2@slu.edu.
authors: Kahee A
authors: KA
authors: Mohammed
authors: Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.
authors: Christian J
authors: CJ
authors: Geneus
authors: Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice, St Louis University, St Louis, Missouri; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, St Louis University, St Louis, Missouri; St Louis University Cancer Center, St Louis, Missouri.
authors: Nosayaba
authors: N
authors: Osazuwa-Peters
authors: St Louis University Center for Outcomes Research (SLUCOR), St Louis University, St Louis, Missouri.
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Adjei Boakye
authors: Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice, St Louis University, St Louis, Missouri.
authors: Betelihem B
authors: BB
authors: Tobo
authors: St Louis University Center for Outcomes Research (SLUCOR), St Louis University, St Louis, Missouri.
authors: Thomas E
authors: TE
authors: Burroughs
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D054625:Healthcare Disparities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012737:Sex Factors; D012923:Social Class; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D014611:Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines
keywords: Adolescent; HPV vaccine; Human papillomavirus; NIS-Teen; Provider; Recommendation