title: 2016 updated MASCC/ESMO consensus recommendations: Prevention of nausea and vomiting following moderately emetogenic chemotherapy.
abstract: An update of the recommendations for the prophylaxis of acute and delayed emesis induced by moderately emetogenic chemotherapy published after the last MASCC/ESMO antiemetic consensus conference in 2009 has been carried out.
  
  
  
  A systematic literature search using PubMed from January 1, 2009 to January 6, 2015 with a restriction to papers in English was conducted.
  
  
  
  Overall, two randomized phase II and seven randomized phase III studies plus the results of three subgroup analysis of large phase III trials and those of a pilot study have been included.
  
  
  
  In carboplatin-treated patients, a moderate benefit from adding an NK1 receptor antagonist to dexamethasone and a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist has been shown. However, in oxaliplatin-treated patients, contrasting results about the role of NK1 receptor antagonists have been obtained. At present, it is not possible to suggest a specific 5-HT3 receptor antagonist to use for the prevention of acute emesis in these patients. No routine prophylaxis for delayed emesis is recommended but in patients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy with known potential for delayed emesis (e.g., oxaliplatin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide) the use of dexamethasone for days 2-3 can be considered.
authors: Medical Oncology, Santa Maria Hospital, Via Tristano di Joannuccio 1, 05100, Terni, Italy. roila.fausto@libero.it.
authors: Fausto
authors: F
authors: Roila
authors: Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Warr
authors: Lahey Health Cancer Institute, Burlington, USA.
authors: Paul J
authors: PJ
authors: Hesketh
authors: Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, NY, USA.
authors: Richard
authors: R
authors: Gralla
authors: Department of Oncology, Odense University, 5000, Odense, Denmark.
authors: Jorn
authors: J
authors: Herrstedt
authors: Department of Hematology/Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
authors: Karin
authors: K
authors: Jordan
authors: Clinique de Genolier, Multidisciplinary Oncology Institute, Genolier, Switzerland.
authors: Matti
authors: M
authors: Aapro
authors: , Spinetoli, Italy.
authors: Enzo
authors: E
authors: Ballatori
authors: Medical Oncology Centre of Rosebank, 129 Oxford Road, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors: Bernardo
authors: B
authors: Rapoport
mesh_terms: D000932:Antiemetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004639:Emetics / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004639:Emetics
keywords: 5-HT3 receptor antagonists; Carboplatin; Irinotecan; Moderately emetogenic chemotherapy; NK1 receptor antagonists; Oxaliplatin