title: Detection of Respiratory Syncytial Virus using Direct Fluorescent Antibody Assay in Paediatric Patients with Acute Respiratory Tract Infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) pulmonary disease manifesting as bronchiolitis and pneumonia continues to play a major role in the childhood mortality and morbidity. Hence the present study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence of RSV among hospitalized children presenting with Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARTI) and its correlation with risk factors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the occurrence of RSV related respiratory tract infection in paediatric patients and to access the risk factors and clinical features associated.
  
  
  METHODS
  RSV antigen detection was performed by Direct Fluorescent Antibody (DFA) staining on 100 nasopharyngeal aspirate collected from hospitalized children below 5 years of age with a diagnosis of ARTI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of the 100 samples tested for RSV with DFA, 22 (22%) were found RSV positive with a mean age of 12 months and a male to female ratio of (1.75:1). Clinical features significantly associated with RSV were wheezing and breathlessness. Congenital heart disease (CHD) and prematurity were the risk factors significantly associated with RSV infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RSV infection is a significant cause of morbidity among children presenting with ARTI. In resource limited countries DFA can be used as an important tool for rapid detection of RSV and can potentially eliminate prolonged hospitalization and unnecessary use of antibiotics.
authors: Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, AJ Institute of Medical Sciences , Kuntikana, Mangalore, Karnataka, India .
authors: Roopa
authors: R
authors: Bhandary
authors: Professor and Head of Department, Department of Microbiology, Father Muller Medical College , Mangalore, Karnataka, India .
authors: Rekha
authors: R
authors: Boloor
keywords: Congenital heart disease; Nasopharyngeal aspirate; Prematurity