title: Timing of eczema onset and risk of food allergy at 3 years of age: A hospital-based prospective birth cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although recent studies suggest that eczema in early childhood is important in the development of food allergy, the importance of the timing of eczema onset has not been fully clarified.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aim to identify an association between the timing of eczema onset and development of food allergy in a prospective birth cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were obtained from the Tokyo Children's Health, Illness and Development (T-CHILD) study, which is a hospital-based birth cohort study currently in progress in Japan. A total of 1550 children were born to the recruited women. Outcome data for children were collected from questionnaires completed at 6 months, 1 and 3 years of age. Association between the timing of eczema onset and development of food allergy was estimated by logistic regression analyses. All analysis were performed using SPSS software with a two-sided 5% significance level.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eczema in the first year of life was a significant risk factor in multivariate analysis (aOR 3.90, 95% CI 2.34-6.52, p<0.001). In each age (by month) stratum, infants with onset of eczema within the first 1-2 months after birth had the highest risk of food allergy at 3 years of age (aOR 6.61, 95% CI 3.27-13.34, p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infants with early eczema onset (especially within the first 1-4 months after birth) were found to have an increased risk of developing food allergy at 3 years of age. Our findings may contribute to a better understanding of the timing of eczema onset as a potentially modifiable risk factor and to defining those who may need to be on guard for food allergy.
authors: Division of Allergy, Department of Medical Subspecialties, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Tetsuo
authors: T
authors: Shoda
authors: Division of Allergy, Department of Medical Subspecialties, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Pediatrics, Nagoya Medical Center, Aichi, Japan.
authors: Masaki
authors: M
authors: Futamura
authors: Division of Allergy, Department of Medical Subspecialties, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Limin
authors: L
authors: Yang
authors: Division of Allergy, Department of Medical Subspecialties, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Kiwako
authors: K
authors: Yamamoto-Hanada
authors: Division of Allergy, Department of Medical Subspecialties, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Masami
authors: M
authors: Narita
authors: Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Hirohisa
authors: H
authors: Saito
authors: Division of Allergy, Department of Medical Subspecialties, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: ohya-y@ncchd.go.jp.
authors: Yukihiro
authors: Y
authors: Ohya
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004485:Eczema / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000175:diagnosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Birth cohort; Eczema; Epicutaneous sensitization; Food allergy; Infant