title: Kinematics of anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knees in a Chinese population during stair ascent.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to measure the tibiofemoral kinematics of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency in a Chinese population and compare the kinematics with published data about a Caucasian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Unilateral knees of 18 Chinese ACL-deficient (ACL-D) subjects were studied while subjects ascended stairs. Kinematic alteration was compared between ACL-D knees and contralateral ACL-intact (ACL-I) knees. The kinematic alteration of ACL deficiency was also compared between the Chinese population and published data about a Caucasian population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A statistical difference was found in the three-dimensional rotations between ACL-D and ACL-I knees. In the sagittal plane, ACL-I knees had a larger flexion angle than ACL-D knees during 40 to 50 % of the activity during stair ascent (P < 0.027) and throughout the gait cycle. A significant difference in rotational motion between ACL-D and ACL-I knees was also observed in the frontal plane during 40 to 60 % (P < 0.017) of the activity and in the transverse plane during 70 to 80 % (P < 0.028) of the activity. A greater tibial varus was demonstrated in the Chinese population while the published data revealed external tibial rotation and a statistical difference in translation in the Caucasian population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ACL-D knees show different kinematics than ACL-I knees in the Chinese population. ACL-I knees had a larger flexion angle than ACL-D knees in the middle stage of the activity during stair ascent. A significant difference in rotational motion between ACL-D and ACL-I knees was also observed in the frontal plane during the middle phase and in the transverse plane during the terminal phase of the activity. A greater tibial varus was demonstrated in the Caucasian population while the published data revealed external tibial rotation and a statistical difference in translation in the Caucasian population.
authors: Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 Zhongshan Avenue West, Guangzhou, 510665, China.
authors: Chang
authors: C
authors: Zhao
authors: Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 Zhongshan Avenue West, Guangzhou, 510665, China.
authors: Chuangxin
authors: C
authors: Lin
authors: Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 Zhongshan Avenue West, Guangzhou, 510665, China.
authors: Wenhao
authors: W
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 Zhongshan Avenue West, Guangzhou, 510665, China. Cun_Zeng2013@126.com.
authors: Chun
authors: C
authors: Zeng
authors: Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 Zhongshan Avenue West, Guangzhou, 510665, China.
authors: Hang
authors: H
authors: Fang
authors: Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 Zhongshan Avenue West, Guangzhou, 510665, China.
authors: Jianying
authors: J
authors: Pan
authors: Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, 183 Zhongshan Avenue West, Guangzhou, 510665, China. daozhang_cai2013@126.com.
authors: Daozhang
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0386-7473
authors: D
authors: Cai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000502:physiology; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D044466:Asian People; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology*; D012399:Rotation; D000072799:Stair Climbing / Q000502:physiology*; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Anterior cruciate ligament; Chinese; Gait; Kinematics; Knee