title: The QuickWee trial: protocol for a randomised controlled trial of gentle suprapubic cutaneous stimulation to hasten non-invasive urine collection from infants.
abstract: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in young children. Urine sample collection is required to diagnose or exclude UTI; however, current collection methods for pre-continent children all have limitations and guidelines vary. Clean catch urine (CCU) collection is a common and favoured non-invasive collection method, despite its high contamination rates and time-consuming nature. This study aims to establish whether gentle suprapubic cutaneous stimulation with cold fluid-soaked gauze can improve the rate of voiding for CCU within 5 min in young pre-continent children.
  
  
  
  This study is a randomised controlled trial of 354 infants (aged 1-12 months) who require urine sample collection, conducted in a single emergency department in a tertiary paediatric hospital in Melbourne, Australia. After standard urogenital cleaning, patients will be randomised to either a novel technique of suprapubic cutaneous stimulation using cold saline-soaked gauze in circular motions or no stimulation. The study period is 5 min, after which care is determined by the treating clinician if a urine sample has not been collected.
  
  
  
  whether the child voids within 5 min (yes/no).
  
  
  
  parental and clinician satisfaction with the method, success in catching a urine sample if the child voids, and sample contamination rates. This trial will allow the definitive assessment of this novel technique, gentle suprapubic cutaneous stimulation with cold saline-soaked gauze, and its utility to hasten non-invasive urine collection in infants.
  
  
  
  The study has hospital ethics approval and is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry-ACTRN12615000754549. The results of the study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
  
  
  
  ACTRN12615000754549; Pre-results.
authors: Emergency Department, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors: Jonathan
authors: J
authors: Kaufman
authors: Emergency Department, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors: Patrick
authors: P
authors: Fitzpatrick
authors: Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of General Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors: Shidan
authors: S
authors: Tosif
authors: Emergency Department, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors: Sandy M
authors: SM
authors: Hopper
authors: Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of General Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors: Penelope A
authors: PA
authors: Bryant
authors: Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors: Susan M
authors: SM
authors: Donath
authors: Emergency Department, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors: Franz E
authors: FE
authors: Babl
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D059349:Urine Specimen Collection / Q000379:methods*
keywords: GENITOURINARY MEDICINE