title: The Arabidopsis Protein Phosphatase PP2C38 Negatively Regulates the Central Immune Kinase BIK1.
abstract: Plants recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) via cell surface-localized pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), leading to PRR-triggered immunity (PTI). The Arabidopsis cytoplasmic kinase BIK1 is a downstream substrate of several PRR complexes. How plant PTI is negatively regulated is not fully understood. Here, we identify the protein phosphatase PP2C38 as a negative regulator of BIK1 activity and BIK1-mediated immunity. PP2C38 dynamically associates with BIK1, as well as with the PRRs FLS2 and EFR, but not with the co-receptor BAK1. PP2C38 regulates PAMP-induced BIK1 phosphorylation and impairs the phosphorylation of the NADPH oxidase RBOHD by BIK1, leading to reduced oxidative burst and stomatal immunity. Upon PAMP perception, PP2C38 is phosphorylated on serine 77 and dissociates from the FLS2/EFR-BIK1 complexes, enabling full BIK1 activation. Together with our recent work on the control of BIK1 turnover, this study reveals another important regulatory mechanism of this central immune component.
authors: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Couto
authors: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors: Roda
authors: R
authors: Niebergall
authors: Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors: Xiangxiu
authors: X
authors: Liang
authors: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors: Christoph A
authors: CA
authors: Bücherl
authors: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors: Jan
authors: J
authors: Sklenar
authors: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors: Alberto P
authors: AP
authors: Macho
authors: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors: Vardis
authors: V
authors: Ntoukakis
authors: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Derbyshire
authors: Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany.
authors: Denise
authors: D
authors: Altenbach
authors: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors: Dan
authors: 0000-0003-1032-0887
authors: D
authors: Maclean
authors: Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany.
authors: Silke
authors: S
authors: Robatzek
authors: Botanical Institute III, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors: Joachim
authors: J
authors: Uhrig
authors: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors: Frank
authors: F
authors: Menke
authors: Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors: Jian-Min
authors: JM
authors: Zhou
authors: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors: Cyril
authors: 0000-0003-4935-8583
authors: C
authors: Zipfel
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D057865:Plant Immunity / Q000502:physiology*; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C568857:AT5G47910 protein, Arabidopsis; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D011494:Protein Kinases; C463660:BAK1 protein, Arabidopsis; C411853:FLS2 protein, Arabidopsis; C509522:BIK1 protein, Arabidopsis; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases