title: Gut Microbiome Associates With Lifetime Cardiovascular Disease Risk Profile Among Bogalusa Heart Study Participants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few studies have systematically assessed the influence of gut microbiota on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between gut microbiota and lifetime CVD risk profile among 55 Bogalusa Heart Study participants with the highest and 57 with the lowest lifetime burdens of CVD risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  16S ribosomal RNA sequencing was conducted on microbial DNA extracted from stool samples of the Bogalusa Heart Study participants. α Diversity, including measures of richness and evenness, and individual genera were tested for associations with lifetime CVD risk profile. Multivariable regression techniques were used to adjust for age, sex, and race (model 1), along with body mass index (model 2) and both body mass index and diet (model 3). In model 1, odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for each SD increase in richness, measured by the number of observed operational taxonomic units, Chao 1 index, and abundance-based coverage estimator, were 0.62 (0.39-0.99), 0.61 (0.38-0.98), and 0.63 (0.39-0.99), respectively. Associations were consistent in models 2 and 3. Four genera were enriched among those with high versus low CVD risk profile in all models. Model 1 P values were 2.12×10(-3), 7.95×10(-5), 4.39×10(-4), and 1.51×10(-4) for Prevotella 2, Prevotella 7, Tyzzerella, and Tyzzerella 4, respectively. Two genera were depleted among those with high versus low CVD risk profile in all models. Model 1 P values were 2.96×10(-6) and 1.82×10(-4) for Alloprevotella and Catenibacterium, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current study identified associations of overall microbial richness and 6 microbial genera with lifetime CVD risk.
authors: From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine (T.N.K., L.A.B., H.H., J.Z., J.H.) and Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (L.A.B., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.J.A., J.F.P.); and Department of Pediatrics & Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS (A.C.). tkelly@tulane.edu.
authors: Tanika N
authors: TN
authors: Kelly
authors: From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine (T.N.K., L.A.B., H.H., J.Z., J.H.) and Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (L.A.B., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.J.A., J.F.P.); and Department of Pediatrics & Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS (A.C.).
authors: Lydia A
authors: LA
authors: Bazzano
authors: From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine (T.N.K., L.A.B., H.H., J.Z., J.H.) and Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (L.A.B., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.J.A., J.F.P.); and Department of Pediatrics & Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS (A.C.).
authors: Nadim J
authors: NJ
authors: Ajami
authors: From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine (T.N.K., L.A.B., H.H., J.Z., J.H.) and Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (L.A.B., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.J.A., J.F.P.); and Department of Pediatrics & Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS (A.C.).
authors: Hua
authors: H
authors: He
authors: From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine (T.N.K., L.A.B., H.H., J.Z., J.H.) and Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (L.A.B., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.J.A., J.F.P.); and Department of Pediatrics & Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS (A.C.).
authors: Jinying
authors: J
authors: Zhao
authors: From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine (T.N.K., L.A.B., H.H., J.Z., J.H.) and Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (L.A.B., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.J.A., J.F.P.); and Department of Pediatrics & Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS (A.C.).
authors: Joseph F
authors: JF
authors: Petrosino
authors: From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine (T.N.K., L.A.B., H.H., J.Z., J.H.) and Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (L.A.B., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.J.A., J.F.P.); and Department of Pediatrics & Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS (A.C.).
authors: Adolfo
authors: A
authors: Correa
authors: From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine (T.N.K., L.A.B., H.H., J.Z., J.H.) and Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (L.A.B., J.H.), Tulane University, New Orleans, LA; The Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (N.J.A., J.F.P.); and Department of Pediatrics & Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS (A.C.).
authors: Jiang
authors: J
authors: He
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008145:Louisiana / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
keywords: blood glucose; blood pressure; body mass index; lipids; microbiota