title: Determination of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in human milk by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Human populations are widely exposed to numerous so-called endocrine-disrupting chemicals, exogenous compounds able to interfere with the endocrine system. This exposure has been associated with several health disorders. New analytical procedures are needed for biomonitoring these xenobiotics in human matrices. A quick and inexpensive methodological procedure, based on sample treatment by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, is proposed for the determination of bisphenols, parabens and benzophenones in samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LOQs ranged from 0.4 to 0.7 ng ml(-1) and RSDs from 4.3 to 14.8%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This methodology was satisfactorily applied in the simultaneous determination of a wide range of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in human milk samples and is suitable for application in biomonitoring studies.
authors: Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors: Fernando
authors: F
authors: Vela-Soria
authors: Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Granada, Spain.|CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Granada, Spain.
authors: Inmaculada
authors: I
authors: Jiménez-Díaz
authors: Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía. Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Av del Conocimiento, 34, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
authors: Caridad
authors: C
authors: Díaz
authors: Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía. Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Av del Conocimiento, 34, 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
authors: José
authors: J
authors: Pérez
authors: Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Granada, Spain.|Departamento de Radiología y Medicina Física, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors: Luz María
authors: LM
authors: Iribarne-Durán
authors: Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Serrano-López
authors: Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Granada, Spain.|CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Granada, Spain.
authors: Juan Pedro
authors: JP
authors: Arrebola
authors: Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Granada, Spain.|CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Granada, Spain.|Departamento de Radiología y Medicina Física, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors: Mariana Fátima
authors: MF
authors: Fernández
authors: Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs. GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Granada, Spain.|CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Granada, Spain.|Departamento de Radiología y Medicina Física, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors: Nicolás
authors: N
authors: Olea
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D001577:Benzophenones / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000032:analysis*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D059627:Liquid Phase Microextraction / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D010226:Parabens / Q000032:analysis; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D001577:Benzophenones; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D010226:Parabens; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
keywords: dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction; endocrine-disrupting chemicals; human milk