title: Farnesoid X receptor as a regulator of fuel consumption and mitochondrial function.
abstract: Maintenance of energy homeostasis is crucial for survival of organism. There exists a close link between energy metabolism and cell survival, which are coordinately regulated by common signaling pathways. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) serves as a ligand-mediated transcription factor to regulate diverse genes involved in bile acid, lipid, and glucose metabolism, controlling cellular and systemic energy metabolism. Another important aspect on FXR biology is related to its beneficial effect on cell survival. FXR exerts antioxidative and cytoprotective effect, which is closely associated with the ability of FXR to regulate mitochondrial function. To maintain complex biological processes under homeostasis, FXR activity needs to be dynamically and tightly controlled by different signaling pathways and modifications. In this review, we discuss the role of FXR in the regulation of energy metabolism and cell survival, with the goal of understanding molecular basis for FXR regulation in physiological and pathological conditions. This information may be of assistance in understanding recent advancements of FXR research and strategies for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders.
authors: College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Chang Yeob
authors: CY
authors: Han
authors: College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Tae Hyun
authors: TH
authors: Kim
authors: College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Ja Hyun
authors: JH
authors: Koo
authors: College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea. sgk@snu.ac.kr.
authors: Sang Geon
authors: SG
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000502:physiology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000502:physiology*; D000099150:Receptor, Farnesoid X-Activated
chemical_list: D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D000099150:Receptor, Farnesoid X-Activated
keywords: Autophagy; Cell viability; Energy metabolism; FXR; Mitochondria