title: Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Ph+ Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Therapy: a Review.
abstract: Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative hematopoietic stem cell disorder. Deregulated BCRABL fusion tyrosine kinase activity is the main cause of CML disease pathogenesis, making BCRABL an ideal target for inhibition. Current tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) designed to inhibit BCRABL oncoprotein activity, have completely transformed the prognosis of CML. Interruption of TKI treatment leads to minimal residual disease reside (MRD), thought to reside in TKIinsensitive leukaemia stem cells which remain a potential reservoir for disease relapse. This highlights the need to develop new therapeutic strategies for CML either as small molecule master TKIs or phytopharmaceuticals derived from nature to achieve chronic molecular remission. This review outlines the past, present and future therapeutic approaches for CML including coverage of relevant mechanisms, whether ABL dependent or independent, and epigenetic factors responsible for developing resistance against TKIs. Appearance of mutant clones along the course of therapy either preexisting or induced due to therapy is still a challenge for the clinician. A proposed invitro model of generating colony forming units from CML stem cells derived from diagnostic samples seems to be achievable in the era of high throughput technology which can take care of single cell genomic profiling.
authors: Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacogenomics, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, AHMEDABAD, India Email : rakeshmrawal@gmail.com.
authors: Krupa
authors: K
authors: Shah
authors: Sonia
authors: S
authors: Parikh
authors: Rakesh
authors: R
authors: Rawal
mesh_terms: D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl