title: Adverse Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy.
abstract: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment commonly used for depression and other major psychiatric disorders. We discuss potential adverse effects (AEs) associated with ECT and strategies for their prevention and management. Common acute AEs include headache, nausea, myalgia, and confusion; these are self-limiting and are managed symptomatically. Serious but uncommon AEs include cardiovascular, pulmonary, and cerebrovascular events; these may be minimized with screening for risk factors and by physiologic monitoring. Although most cognitive AEs of ECT are short-lasting, troublesome retrograde amnesia may rarely persist. Modifications of and improvements in treatment techniques minimize cognitive and other AEs.
authors: Department of Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560 029, India. Electronic address: andradec@gmail.com.
authors: Chittaranjan
authors: C
authors: Andrade
authors: Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560 029, India.
authors: Shyam Sundar
authors: SS
authors: Arumugham
authors: Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560 029, India.
authors: Jagadisha
authors: J
authors: Thirthalli
mesh_terms: D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans
keywords: Adverse effects; Cognition; Complications; Electroconvulsive therapy; Risk factors