title: Species from within the Phytophthora cryptogea complex and related species, P. erythroseptica and P. sansomeana, readily hybridize.
abstract: During a study on the phylogenetic relationships between species in the Phytophthora cryptogea complex and related species, Phytophthora erythroseptica and Phytophthora sansomeana, 19 hybrid isolates with multiple polymorphisms in the nuclear sequences were observed. Molecular characterization of hybrids was achieved by sequencing three nuclear (internal transcribed spacers, β-tubulin (TUB), heat shock protein 90) and two mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (coxI), NADH dehydrogenase subunit I (NADH)) gene regions and cloning of the single-copy nuclear gene, TUB. Based on the molecular studies the hybrid isolates belonged to six distinct groups between P. cryptogea, P. erythroseptica, Phytophthora pseudocryptogea, P. sansomeana, and Phytophthora sp. kelmania. In all cases, only a single coxI and NADH allele was detected and nuclear genes were biparentally inherited, suggesting that the hybrids arose from sexual recombination events. Colony morphology, growth rate, cardinal temperatures, breeding system, and morphology of sporangia, oogonia, oospores, and antheridia were also determined. Some morphological differences between the hybrids and the parental species were noted; however, they were not sufficient to reliably distinguish the taxa and DNA markers from nuclear and mitochondrial genes will to be necessary for their identification. The parental species are all important pathogens of agricultural fields that have been transported globally. With the apparent ease of hybridization within this group there is ample opportunity for virulent hybrids to form, perhaps with extended host ranges.
authors: Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7144165186, Iran.
authors: Banafsheh
authors: B
authors: Safaiefarahani
authors: Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7144165186, Iran. Electronic address: rmostofi@shirazu.ac.ir.
authors: Reza
authors: R
authors: Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa
authors: Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
authors: Giles E St J
authors: GESJ
authors: Hardy
authors: Centre for Phytophthora Science and Management, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
authors: Treena I
authors: TI
authors: Burgess
mesh_terms: D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010838:Phytophthora / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins
keywords: Agricultural pathogens; Interspecific hybridization; Morphology; Oomycetes; Phylogeny