title: The use of neutron scattering to determine the functional structure of glycoside hydrolase.
abstract: Neutron diffraction provides different information from X-ray diffraction, because neutrons are scattered by atomic nuclei, whereas X-rays are scattered by electrons. One of the key advantages of neutron crystallography is the ability to visualize hydrogen and deuterium atoms, making it possible to observe the protonation state of amino acid residues, hydrogen bonds, networks of water molecules and proton relay pathways in enzymes. But, because of technical difficulties, less than 100 enzyme structures have been evaluated by neutron crystallography to date. In this review, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of neutron crystallography as a tool to investigate the functional structure of glycoside hydrolases, with some examples.
authors: The University of Tokyo, School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Department of Biomaterial Sciences, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors: Akihiko
authors: A
authors: Nakamura
authors: The University of Tokyo, School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Department of Biomaterial Sciences, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors: Takuya
authors: T
authors: Ishida
authors: The University of Tokyo, School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Department of Biomaterial Sciences, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Samejima
authors: The University of Tokyo, School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Department of Biomaterial Sciences, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Tietotie 2, Espoo FI-02044 VTT, Finland. Electronic address: aquarius@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
authors: Kiyohiko
authors: K
authors: Igarashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D033363:Neutron Diffraction / Q000379:methods*; D011522:Protons
chemical_list: D011522:Protons; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases