title: Alkali modified hydrochar of grape pomace as a perspective adsorbent of Pb(2+) from aqueous solution.
abstract: Hydrochar produced via hydrothermal carbonization of grape pomace was considered as novel sorbent of Pb(2+) from aqueous solution. In order to enhance the adsorption capacity, hydrochar was chemically modified using 2 M KOH solution. Both materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction technique. Batch experiments were performed to examine the effect of sorbent dosage, pH and contact time. Obtained results showed that the KOH treatment increased the sorption capacity of hydrochar from 27.8 mg g(-1) up to 137 mg g(-1) at pH 5. Adsorption of lead on either of the materials was achieved through ion-exchange mechanism, chemisorption and Pb(2+)-π interaction. The Sips isotherm model gave the best fit with the experimental data obtained for Pb(2+) sorption using activated hydrochar. The adsorption kinetic followed a pseudo second-order model. Thermodynamic parameters implied that the Pb(2+) binding for hydrochar surface was spontaneous and exothermic process. Findings from this work suggest that the hydrothermal carbonization is a promising route for production of efficient Pb (2+) sorbents for wastewater treatment.
authors: Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Mineral Raw Materials, 86 Franchet d'Esperey St., 11000 Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address: j.petrovic@itnms.ac.rs.
authors: Jelena T
authors: JT
authors: Petrović
authors: Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Mineral Raw Materials, 86 Franchet d'Esperey St., 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors: Mirjana D
authors: MD
authors: Stojanović
authors: Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Mineral Raw Materials, 86 Franchet d'Esperey St., 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors: Jelena V
authors: JV
authors: Milojković
authors: Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Mineral Raw Materials, 86 Franchet d'Esperey St., 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors: Marija S
authors: MS
authors: Petrović
authors: Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Mineral Raw Materials, 86 Franchet d'Esperey St., 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors: Tatjana D
authors: TD
authors: Šoštarić
authors: Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, 4 Karnegijeva St., 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors: Mila D
authors: MD
authors: Laušević
authors: Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Mineral Raw Materials, 86 Franchet d'Esperey St., 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors: Marija L
authors: ML
authors: Mihajlović
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007854:Lead / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D007854:Lead; D062065:Wastewater; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
keywords: Adsorption isotherms; Grape pomace hydrochar; KOH activation; Lead removal; Mechanism