title: Effect of visible laser light on ATP level of anaemic red blood cell.
abstract: In this work we present influence of visible laser light on ATP level and viability of anaemic red blood cell (RBC). The visible laser lights used in this work are 460nm and 532nm. The responses of ATP level in anaemic and normal RBC before and after laser irradiation at different exposure time (30, 40, 50 and 60s) were observed. Three aliquots were prepared from the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) blood sample. One served as a control (untreated) and another two were irradiated with 460nm and 560nm lasers. Packed RBC was prepared to study ATP level in the RBC using CellTiter-GloLuminescent cell Viability Assay kit. The assay generates a glow type signal produced by luciferase reaction, which is proportional to the amount of ATP present in RBCs. Paired t-test were done to analyse ATP level before and after laser irradiation. The results revealed laser irradiation improve level of ATP in anaemic RBC. Effect of laser light on anaemic RBCs were significant over different exposure time for both 460nm (p=0.000) and 532nm (p=0.003). The result of ATP level is further used as marker for RBC viability. The influence of ATP level and viability were studied. Optical densities obtained from the data were used to determine cell viability of the samples. Results showed that laser irradiation increased viability of anaemic RBC compared to normal RBC.
authors: School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia. Electronic address: nsakinahsuardi@usm.my.
authors: Nursakinah
authors: N
authors: Suardi
authors: School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia.
authors: Bashiru Kayode
authors: BK
authors: Sodipo
authors: Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.
authors: Mohd Zulkifli
authors: MZ
authors: Mustafa
authors: School of Mathematical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia,11800, Penang, Malaysia.
authors: Zalila
authors: Z
authors: Ali
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000528:radiation effects; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate
keywords: Adenosine triphosphate; Anaemic; Laser; Red blood cells