title: How to close open choledochotomy: primary closure, primary closurewith T-tube drainage, or choledochoduodenostomy?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although common bile duct stones are generally treated endoscopically, surgery is required if endoscopic removal is impossible. The aim of this study was to compare the surgical options in such patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 282 patients with common bile duct stones underwent open choledochotomy; primary closure was applied in 48 (17.0%), primary closure with T-tube drainage in 81 (28.7%), and choledochoduodenostomy in 153 (54.3%) patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperative complications were seen in 8 (16.7%) patients in the primary closure, 33 (40.7%) patients in the primary closure with T-drainage, and 37 (24.2%) patients in the choledochoduodenostomy group. No significant differences were observed among the groups (P > 0.05). The mean postoperative hospital stays in the primary closure, primary closure with T-tube drainage, and choledochoduodenostomy groups were 5.5, 13.5, and 8.9 days, respectively. The mean postoperative hospitalization was significantly shorter in the primary closure group than in the other groups (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Primary closure is a safe and feasible method in selected patients.
authors: Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors: Bülent
authors: B
authors: Aydinli
authors: Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors: Gürkan
authors: G
authors: Öztürk
authors: Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors: Sabri Selçuk
authors: SS
authors: Atamanalp
authors: Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors: Bünyami
authors: B
authors: Özoğul
authors: Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors: Şükrü
authors: Ş
authors: Arslan
authors: Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors: Ercan
authors: E
authors: Korkut
authors: Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors: Abdullah
authors: A
authors: Kisaoğlu
authors: Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors: Abdulmecit
authors: A
authors: Kantarci
authors: Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors: Rüstem Berhan
authors: RB
authors: Pirimoğlu
authors: Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors: Mehmet İlhan
authors: Mİ
authors: Yildirgan
authors: Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors: Nurhak
authors: N
authors: Aksungur
mesh_terms: D001662:Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures; D002768:Choledochostomy; D004322:Drainage; D042882:Gallstones; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D007902:Length of Stay; D011183:Postoperative Complications
keywords: Primary closure; T-tube drainage; choledochoduodenostomy; endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography