title: Atypical variants of bovine spongiform encephalopathy: rare diseases with consequences for BSE surveillance and control.
abstract: Occurring for the first time in 1986 in the United Kingdom, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), the so-called "mad-cow disease", has had unprecedented consequences in veterinary public health. The implementation of drastic measures, including the ban of meat-and-bone-meal from livestock feed and the removal of specified risk materials from the food chain has eventually resulted in a significant decline of the epidemic. The disease was long thought to be caused by a single agent, but since the introduction of immunochemical diagnostic techniques, evidence of a phenotypic variation of BSE has emerged. Reviewing the literature available on the subject, this paper briefly summarizes the current knowledge about these atypical forms of BSE and discusses the consequences of their occurrence for disease control measures.
authors: Division of Neurological Sciences, NeuroCenter, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Switzerland.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Boujon
authors: Division of Neurological Sciences, NeuroCenter, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Switzerland.|Graduate School of Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Berne, Switzerland.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Serra
authors: Division of Neurological Sciences, NeuroCenter, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Switzerland.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Seuberlich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D060740:Disease Eradication; D016643:Encephalopathy, Bovine Spongiform / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D035583:Rare Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006113:United Kingdom
keywords: Bovine Spongiforme Enzephalopathie (BSE); Schweiz; Seuchenbekämpfung; Seuchenüberwachung; Switzerland; atypical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (atypical BSE); atypische Bovine Spongiforme Enzephalopathie (atypische BSE); bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE); control measures; surveillance