title: Association between sleep disorders and hypertension in Taiwan: a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study.
abstract: There is insufficient evidence to assess the risk for hypertension in patients with sleep disorders (SDs) in a large population-based cohort study. The aim of this study was to examine the risk of hypertension in groups both with and without SDs. Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) data from 2005 to 2010 were used in a retrospective cohort study. A Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to evaluate the effects of SDs on hypertension risk. The overall incidence of hypertension was 120.7 per 1000 person-years for patients with SDs, which was significantly higher than that of the non-SD comparison cohort (76.4 per 1000 person-years). Overall, patients with SDs had a higher risk of hypertension compared with comparison cohort (adjusted hazard ratio (HR)=1.58, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.26-1.79). Among patients aged <40 years, patients with SDs had a higher risk for hypertension than the comparison cohort (adjusted HR, 2.90 (95% CI, 2.46-3.14)). Compared with the cohort without insomnia, patients with insomnia had a 21% higher risk for hypertension (adjusted HR, 1.21 (95% CI, 1.01-1.76)). Compared with non-SD comparison cohort, patients with SDs had a higher risk for developing hypertension, particularly pronounced among those who were younger adults (age ⩽40 years) and who had insomnia. We suggest that possible persisting exposure to sleep problems was correlated with a greater risk of hypertension.
authors: Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors: C-L
authors: CL
authors: Lin
authors: Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors: T-C
authors: TC
authors: Liu
authors: School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: F-H
authors: FH
authors: Lin
authors: Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: C-H
authors: CH
authors: Chung
authors: School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Medical Research 7115R, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: W-C
authors: WC
authors: Chien
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology