title: Anti-Atherogenic Properties of Allium ursinum Liophylisate: Impact on Lipoprotein Homeostasis and Cardiac Biomarkers in Hypercholesterolemic Rabbits.
abstract: The present investigation evaluates the capacity of Allium ursinum (wild garlic) leaf lyophilisate (WGLL; alliin content: 0.261%) to mitigate cardiovascular damage in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups: (i) cholesterol-free rabbit chow (control); (ii) rabbit chow containing 2% cholesterol (hypercholesterolemic, HC); (iii) rabbit chow containing 2% cholesterol + 2% WGLL (hypercholesterolemic treated, HCT); for eight weeks. At the zero- and eight-week time points, echocardiographic measurements were made, along with the determination of basic serum parameters. Following the treatment period, after ischemia-reperfusion injury, hemodynamic parameters were measured using an isolated working heart model. Western blot analyses of heart tissue followed for evaluating protein expression and histochemical study for the atheroma status determination. WGLL treatment mediated increases in fractional shortening; right ventricular function; peak systolic velocity; tricuspidal annular systolic velocity in live animals; along with improved aortic and coronary flow. Western blot analysis revealed WGLL-associated increases in HO-1 protein and decreases in SOD-1 protein production. WGLL-associated decreases were observed in aortic atherosclerotic plaque coverage, plasma ApoB and the activity of LDH and CK (creatine kinase) in plasma. Plasma LDL was also significantly reduced. The results clearly demonstrate that WGLL has complex cardioprotective effects, suggesting future strategies for its use in prevention and therapy for atherosclerotic disorders.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary. bombicz.mariann@pharm.unideb.hu.|Institute of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary. bombicz.mariann@pharm.unideb.hu.
authors: Mariann
authors: M
authors: Bombicz
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary. priksz.daniel@pharm.unideb.hu.|Institute of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary. priksz.daniel@pharm.unideb.hu.
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Priksz
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary. varga.balazs@pharm.unideb.hu.|Institute of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary. varga.balazs@pharm.unideb.hu.
authors: Balazs
authors: B
authors: Varga
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary. gesztelyi.rudolf@pharm.unideb.hu.
authors: Rudolf
authors: R
authors: Gesztelyi
authors: Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary. dr.kertesz.attila@gmail.com.
authors: Attila
authors: A
authors: Kertesz
authors: Institute of Applied Informatics and Logistics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary. lengyel.peter@econ.unideb.hu.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Lengyel
authors: Department of Research Methodology and Statistics, Institute of Sectoral Economics and Methodology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary. balogh.peter@econ.unideb.hu.
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Balogh
authors: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6720, Hungary. csupor.dezso@pharmacognosy.hu.
authors: Dezso
authors: D
authors: Csupor
authors: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged H-6720, Hungary. hohmann@pharm.u-szeged.hu.
authors: Judit
authors: J
authors: Hohmann
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary. harjit@med.unideb.hu.
authors: Harjit Pal
authors: HP
authors: Bhattoa
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary. ddhaines2002@yahoo.com.
authors: David D
authors: DD
authors: Haines
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary. juhasz.bela@pharm.unideb.hu.|Institute of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen H-4032, Hungary. juhasz.bela@pharm.unideb.hu.
authors: Bela
authors: B
authors: Juhasz
mesh_terms: D000490:Allium / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D004452:Echocardiography; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008074:Lipoproteins; D010936:Plant Extracts
keywords: Allium species; atherosclerosis; cardiovascular homeostasis; echocardiography; lipoprotein