title: Nanostructured Tendon-Derived Scaffolds for Enhanced Bone Regeneration by Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells.
abstract: Decellularized matrix-based scaffolds can induce enhanced tissue regeneration due to their biochemical, biophysical, and mechanical similarity to native tissues. In this study, we report a nanostructured decellularized tendon scaffold with aligned, nanofibrous structures to enhance osteogenic differentiation and in vivo bone formation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs). Using a bioskiving method, we prepared decellularized tendon scaffolds from tissue slices of bovine Achilles and neck tendons with or without fixation, and investigated the effects on physical and mechanical properties of decellularized tendon scaffolds, based on the types and concentrations of cross-linking agents. In general, we found that decellularized tendon scaffolds without fixative treatments were more effective in inducing osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of hADSCs in vitro. When non-cross-linked decellularized tendon scaffolds were applied together with hydroxyapatite for hADSC transplantation in critical-sized bone defects, they promoted bone-specific collagen deposition and mineralized bone formation 4 and 8 weeks after hADSC transplantation, compared to conventional collagen type I scaffolds. Interestingly, stacking of decellularized tendon scaffolds cultured with osteogenically committed hADSCs and those containing human cord blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs) induced vascularized bone regeneration in the defects 8 weeks after transplantation. Our study suggests that biomimetic nanostructured scaffolds made of decellularized tissue matrices can serve as functional tissue-engineering scaffolds for enhanced osteogenesis of stem cells.
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Eunkyung
authors: E
authors: Ko
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University , Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States.
authors: Kyle
authors: K
authors: Alberti
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jong Seung
authors: JS
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Kisuk
authors: K
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Yoonhee
authors: Y
authors: Jin
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jisoo
authors: J
authors: Shin
authors: Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University , Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea.
authors: Hee Seok
authors: HS
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University , Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States.
authors: Qiaobing
authors: Q
authors: Xu
authors: Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University , Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Seung-Woo
authors: SW
authors: Cho
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D002417:Cattle; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D010012:Osteogenesis; D013234:Stem Cells; D013710:Tendons; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
keywords: bone formation; human adipose-derived stem cells; mineralization; nanostructured decellularized tendon scaffolds; osteogenic differentiation