title: Male Urethral Stricture: American Urological Association Guideline.
abstract: The purpose of this Guideline is to provide a clinical framework for the diagnosis and treatment of male urethral stricture.
  
  
  
  A systematic review of the literature using the Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane databases (search dates 1/1/1990 to 12/1/2015) was conducted to identify peer-reviewed publications relevant to the diagnosis and treatment of urethral stricture. The review yielded an evidence base of 250 articles after application of inclusion/exclusion criteria. These publications were used to create the Guideline statements. Evidence-based statements of Strong, Moderate, or Conditional Recommendation were developed based on benefits and risks/burdens to patients. Additional guidance is provided as Clinical Principles and Expert Opinion when insufficient evidence existed.
  
  
  
  The Panel identified the most common scenarios seen in clinical practice related to the treatment of urethral strictures. Guideline statements were developed to aid the clinician in optimal evaluation, treatment, and follow-up of patients presenting with urethral strictures.
  
  
  
  Successful treatment of male urethral stricture requires selection of the appropriate endoscopic or surgical procedure based on anatomic location, length of stricture, and prior interventions. Routine use of imaging to assess stricture characteristics will be required to apply evidence based recommendations, which must be applied with consideration of patient preferences and personal goals. As scientific knowledge relevant to urethral stricture evolves and improves, the strategies presented here will be amended to remain consistent with the highest standards of clinical care.
authors: American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc., Linthicum, Maryland.
authors: Hunter
authors: H
authors: Wessells
authors: American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc., Linthicum, Maryland.
authors: Keith W
authors: KW
authors: Angermeier
authors: American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc., Linthicum, Maryland.
authors: Sean
authors: S
authors: Elliott
authors: American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc., Linthicum, Maryland.
authors: Christopher M
authors: CM
authors: Gonzalez
authors: American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc., Linthicum, Maryland.
authors: Ron
authors: R
authors: Kodama
authors: American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc., Linthicum, Maryland.
authors: Andrew C
authors: AC
authors: Peterson
authors: American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc., Linthicum, Maryland.
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Reston
authors: American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc., Linthicum, Maryland.
authors: Keith
authors: K
authors: Rourke
authors: American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc., Linthicum, Maryland.
authors: John T
authors: JT
authors: Stoffel
authors: American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc., Linthicum, Maryland.
authors: Alex J
authors: AJ
authors: Vanni
authors: American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc., Linthicum, Maryland.
authors: Bryan B
authors: BB
authors: Voelzke
authors: American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc., Linthicum, Maryland.
authors: Lee
authors: L
authors: Zhao
authors: American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc., Linthicum, Maryland.
authors: Richard A
authors: RA
authors: Santucci
mesh_terms: D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012955:Societies, Medical; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000379:methods*; D014572:Urology / Q000592:standards
keywords: penis; urethra; urethral stricture