title: The Effect of Osteotomy Dimension on Implant Insertion Torque, Healing Mode, and Osseointegration Indicators: A Study in Dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the effect of the osteotomy diameter for implant placement torque and its effect on the osseointegration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight male beagle dogs received 48 implants (3.75 mm × 10 mm) in their right and left radius, 3 implants per side and allowed to heal for 3 weeks. Three experimental groups were evaluated. Group 1: implant with an undersized osteotomy of 3.0 mm; group 2: osteotomy of 3.25 mm, and group 3: osteotomy of 3.5 mm. The insertion torque was recorded for all implants. Histological sectioning and histometric analysis were performed evaluating bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Implants of group 1 presented statistically higher insertion torque than those of groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.01). No differences in BIC or BAFO were observed between the groups. From a morphologic standpoint, substantial deviations in healing mode were observed between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the present methodology, the experimental alterations of surgical technic can be clinically used with no detrimental effect over the osseointegration process.
authors: *Assistant Professor, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry UNIGRANRIO, University School of Health Sciences, Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. †Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, University of Sao Paulo, Bauru College of Dentistry, Bauru, Sao Paulo, Brazil. ‡Associate Professor, Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL; Director of the Graduate Program in Periodontics of the University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL. §PhD Candidate, Department of Dentistry, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. ¶Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of the West of Sao Paulo, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil. ‖Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics and Operative Dentistry, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA. #Associate Professor, Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY.
authors: Charles
authors: C
authors: Marin
authors: Estevam
authors: E
authors: Bonfante
authors: Rodrigo
authors: R
authors: Granato
authors: Rodrigo
authors: R
authors: Neiva
authors: Luiz Fernando
authors: LF
authors: Gil
authors: Heloisa Fonseca
authors: HF
authors: Marão
authors: Marcelo
authors: M
authors: Suzuki
authors: Paulo G
authors: PG
authors: Coelho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D004285:Dogs; D008297:Male; D016348:Osseointegration; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D011884:Radius / Q000637:transplantation; D019415:Torque; D014945:Wound Healing