title: Three-Dimensional Printing of Reduction Template in the Contouring of Craniofacial Fibrous Dysplasia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Contouring is a minimal invasive procedure to remove excess lesions and restore facial appearance of patients with craniofacial fibrous dysplasia; however, it is difficult to measure the amount of excess lesions. This study is to demonstrate the use of reduction template produced by three-dimensional printer in contouring procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Computed tomography data were reconstructed into a three-dimensional model by Mimics software. The unaffected side was mirrored and superimposed on the affected side. Excess fibrous dysplasia lesions were calculated by Boolean operations. Lesions to be removed were separated and saved as stereolithography file. This model was further constructed in 3-matic package of Mimics software, and several holes were designed to indicate the variation in depth. Finally, the virtual model was exported into three-dimensional printer to produce physical template.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With the direct guidance of three-dimensional reduction template, contouring procedure was performed easily and accurately. Good facial symmetry was achieved with reduced operative time and loss of bleeding.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The application of reduction template produced by three-dimensional printer in contouring procedure improves the efficient and safety of surgery. Good outcomes are obtained without extra requirement in craniofacial surgery.
authors: *Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Chinese PLA 309 Hospital †Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China.
authors: Ruichen
authors: R
authors: Wang
authors: Guizhen
authors: G
authors: Li
authors: Chunming
authors: C
authors: Liu
authors: Chiyu
authors: C
authors: Jia
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Han
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005359:Fibrous Dysplasia, Polyostotic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D061646:Operative Time; D066330:Printing, Three-Dimensional; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012886:Skull / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult