title: Correlation of Cadmium and Magnesium in the Blood and Serum Samples of Smokers and Non-Smokers Chronic Leukemia Patients.
abstract: It was studied that cancer-causing processes are related with the disproportions of essential and toxic elements in body tissues and fluid. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the levels of magnesium (Mg) and cadmium (Cd) in serum and blood samples of smokers and nonsmokers who have chronic myeloid (CML) and lymphocytic (CLL) leukemia, age ranged 31-50 years. For comparative study, age-matched smokers and nonsmoker males were chosen as controls/referents. The levels of elements in patient were analyzed before any treatment by atomic absorption spectrophotometer, after microwave assisted acid digestion. The validation of the method was done by using certified reference materials of serum and blood samples. The resulted data indicated that the adult male smokers and nonsmokers have two- to fourfold higher levels of Cd in the blood and sera samples as compared to the referents (p < 0.01), whereas two- to threefold lower levels of Mg was found in blood and serum samples of both types of leukemia patients as related to referent values. The resulted data indicates significant negative correlation among Mg and Cd in leukemia patients and smoker referents. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of these elements in pathogenesis of chronic leukemia.
authors: National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan.
authors: Noman
authors: N
authors: Khan
authors: National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan. hassanimranafridi@yahoo.com.
authors: Hasan Imran
authors: HI
authors: Afridi
authors: National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan.
authors: Tasneem Gul
authors: TG
authors: Kazi
authors: Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Mardan, PK, 23200, Pakistan.
authors: Muhammad Balal
authors: MB
authors: Arain
authors: National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan.
authors: Muhammad
authors: M
authors: Bilal
authors: National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan.
authors: Asma
authors: A
authors: Akhtar
authors: National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan.
authors: Mustafa
authors: M
authors: Khan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002104:Cadmium / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000097:blood*; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000097:blood*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood*; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium; D008274:Magnesium
keywords: Atomic absorption spectrophotometer; Biological samples; Cadmium; Chronic myeloid and lymphocytic leukemia; Magnesium; Smoker