title: Adolescent fiber intake and mammographic breast density in premenopausal women.
abstract: To date, there is limited and inconsistent epidemiologic evidence for associations of adolescent diet with mammographic breast density, a strong and consistent predictor of breast cancer. We investigated the association of adolescent fiber intake with mammographic density in premenopausal women.
  
  
  
  This study included 743 cancer-free premenopausal women (mean age, 44.9 years) within the Nurses' Health Study II cohort. Percent breast density, absolute dense and non-dense areas were measured from digitized film mammograms using a computer-assisted thresholding technique. Adolescent and adult diet were assessed with a food frequency questionnaire; energy-adjusted nutrient intakes were estimated for each food item. Information regarding breast cancer risk factors was obtained from baseline or biennial questionnaires closest to the mammogram date. We used generalized linear regression to quantify associations between quartiles of adolescent fiber intake and each of the breast density measures, adjusted for potential confounders. Associations were examined separately for total fiber intake; fiber from fruits, vegetables, legumes, and cereal; and food sources of fiber (fruits, vegetables, and nuts).
  
  
  
  In multivariable analyses, total fiber intake during adolescence was not associated with percent breast density (p for trend = 0.64), absolute dense area (p for trend = 0.80), or non-dense area (p for trend = 0.75). Similarly, neither consumption of fiber from fruits, vegetables, legumes, or cereal nor specific sources of fiber intake (fruits, vegetables, or nuts) during adolescence were associated with any of the mammographic density phenotypes.
  
  
  
  Our findings do not support the hypothesis that adolescent fiber intake is associated with premenopausal mammographic breast density.
authors: Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, 2004 Mowry Rd., Gainesville, 32610, FL, USA. lyaghjyan@ufl.edu.
authors: Lusine
authors: L
authors: Yaghjyan
authors: Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
authors: Gabriela L
authors: GL
authors: Ghita
authors: Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: Bernard
authors: B
authors: Rosner
authors: Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.|Harvard/Massachusetts General Hospital Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations, and Health Disparities, Mongan Institute for Health Policy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: Maryam
authors: M
authors: Farvid
authors: Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: Kimberly A
authors: KA
authors: Bertrand
authors: Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: Rulla M
authors: RM
authors: Tamimi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000071060:Breast Density; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009726:Nurses; D017697:Premenopause; D062486:Public Health Surveillance; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Adolescent diet; Breast density; Fiber intake