title: The association between particulate air pollution and respiratory admissions among young children in Hanoi, Vietnam.
abstract: While the effects of ambient air pollution on health have been studied extensively in many developed countries, few studies have been conducted in Vietnam, where the population is exposed to high levels of airborne particulate matter. The aim of our study was to examine the short-term effects of PM10, PM2.5, and PM1on respiratory admissions among young children in Hanoi. Data on daily admissions from the Vietnam National Hospital of Paediatrics and daily records of PM10, PM2.5, PM1and other confounding factors as NO2, SO2, CO, O3and temperature were collected from September 2010 to September 2011. A time-stratified case-crossover design with individual lag model was applied to evaluate the associations between particulate air pollution and respiratory admissions. Significant effects on daily hospital admissions for respiratory disease were found for PM10, PM2.5and PM1. An increase in 10μg/m3of PM10, PM2.5or PM1was associated with an increase in risk of admission of 1.4%, 2.2% or 2.5% on the same day of exposure, respectively. No significant difference between the effects on males and females was found in the study. The study demonstrated that infants and young children in Hanoi are at increased risk of respiratory admissions due to the high level of airborne particles in the city's ambient air.
authors: School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Australia; Children's Health and Environment Program, The University of Queensland, Australia; Faculty of Environmental Sciences, VNU University of Science, Vietnam. Electronic address: maily.luong@uq.net.au.
authors: Ly M T
authors: LM
authors: Luong
authors: Centre for Environment and Population Health, Griffith University, Australia.
authors: Dung
authors: D
authors: Phung
authors: Children's Health and Environment Program, The University of Queensland, Australia.
authors: Peter D
authors: PD
authors: Sly
authors: International Laboratory for Air Quality & Health, Queensland University of Technology, Australia.
authors: Lidia
authors: L
authors: Morawska
authors: International Laboratory for Air Quality & Health, Queensland University of Technology, Australia. Electronic address: phong.thai@qut.edu.au.
authors: Phong K
authors: PK
authors: Thai
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002947:Cities; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000009:adverse effects; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014744:Vietnam / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter
keywords: Airborne particles; Children; Hanoi; Particulate air pollution; Respiratory admission; Vietnam