title: Late-Life Vascular Risk Factors and Alzheimer Disease Neuropathology in Individuals with Normal Cognition.
abstract: Vascular risk factors (VRFs) have been associated with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer disease (AD), but few studies have examined the association between VRF and AD neuropathology (ADNP) in cognitively normal individuals. We used longitudinal data from the National Alzheimer's Disease Center's Uniform Data Set and Neuropathology Data Set to examine the association between VRF and ADNP (moderate to frequent neuritic plaques; Braak stage III-VI) in those with normal cognition. Our sample included 53 participants with ADNP and 140 without ADNP. Body mass index (BMI), resting heart rate (HR), and pulse pressure (PP) were measured at each visit; values were averaged across participant visits and examined annual change in BMI, PP, and HR. Hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia were self-reported. In the multivariable logistic regression analyses, average BMI and HR were associated with lower odds of ADNP, and annual increases in HR and BMI were associated with higher odds of ADNP. A previously experienced decline in BMI or HR in late-life (therefore, currently low BMI and low HR) as well as a late-life increase in BMI and HR may indicate underlying AD pathology. Additional clinicopathological research is needed to elucidate the role of changes in late-life VRF and AD pathogenesis.
authors: From the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA (LMB, XHZ, WAK), Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA (LRG), VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bedford, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Neurosurgery and Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (RAS), Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA (JG), Departments of Pathology and Neurological Science, Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA (JAS) and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (HC) lmbesser@uw.edu.
authors: Lilah M
authors: LM
authors: Besser
authors: From the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA (LMB, XHZ, WAK), Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA (LRG), VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bedford, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Neurosurgery and Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (RAS), Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA (JG), Departments of Pathology and Neurological Science, Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA (JAS) and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (HC).
authors: Michael L
authors: ML
authors: Alosco
authors: From the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA (LMB, XHZ, WAK), Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA (LRG), VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bedford, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Neurosurgery and Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (RAS), Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA (JG), Departments of Pathology and Neurological Science, Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA (JAS) and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (HC).
authors: Liliana
authors: L
authors: Ramirez Gomez
authors: From the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA (LMB, XHZ, WAK), Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA (LRG), VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bedford, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Neurosurgery and Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (RAS), Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA (JG), Departments of Pathology and Neurological Science, Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA (JAS) and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (HC).
authors: Xiao-Hua
authors: XH
authors: Zhou
authors: From the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA (LMB, XHZ, WAK), Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA (LRG), VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bedford, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Neurosurgery and Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (RAS), Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA (JG), Departments of Pathology and Neurological Science, Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA (JAS) and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (HC).
authors: Ann C
authors: AC
authors: McKee
authors: From the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA (LMB, XHZ, WAK), Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA (LRG), VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bedford, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Neurosurgery and Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (RAS), Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA (JG), Departments of Pathology and Neurological Science, Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA (JAS) and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (HC).
authors: Robert A
authors: RA
authors: Stern
authors: From the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA (LMB, XHZ, WAK), Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA (LRG), VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bedford, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Neurosurgery and Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (RAS), Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA (JG), Departments of Pathology and Neurological Science, Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA (JAS) and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (HC).
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Gunstad
authors: From the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA (LMB, XHZ, WAK), Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA (LRG), VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bedford, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Neurosurgery and Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (RAS), Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA (JG), Departments of Pathology and Neurological Science, Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA (JAS) and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (HC).
authors: Julie A
authors: JA
authors: Schneider
authors: From the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA (LMB, XHZ, WAK), Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA (LRG), VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bedford, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Neurosurgery and Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (RAS), Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA (JG), Departments of Pathology and Neurological Science, Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA (JAS) and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (HC).
authors: Helena
authors: H
authors: Chui
authors: From the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA (LMB, XHZ, WAK), Boston University Alzheimer's Disease and CTE Center (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (MLA, ACM, RAS), Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA (LRG), VA Boston Healthcare System, U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bedford, MA, USA (ACM), Department of Neurosurgery and Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (RAS), Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA (JG), Departments of Pathology and Neurological Science, Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA (JAS) and University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA (HC).
authors: Walter A
authors: WA
authors: Kukull
keywords: Alzheimer disease; Asymptomatic; Body mass index; Heart rate; Neuropathology; Normal cognition; Vascular risk factor.