title: Veterans' pain management goals: Changes during the course of a peer-led pain self-management program.
abstract: Goal setting is a common element of self-management support programs; however, little is known about the nature of patients' goals or how goals change during pain self-management. The purpose of the current study is to explore how patients' goals and views of goal setting change over the course of a peer-led pain self-management program.
  
  
  
  Veterans (n=16) completing a 4-month peer-led pain self-management program completed semi-structured interviews at baseline and follow-up regarding their goals for their pain. Interviews were analyzed using immersion/crystallization.
  
  
  
  Analyses revealed six themes: motivation to do something for their pain, more goal-oriented, actually setting goals, clarity of goal importance, more specific/measurable goal criteria, and more specific/measurable strategies.
  
  
  
  The current analyses illustrate how participants' goals can evolve over the course of a peer-led pain self-management program. Specifically, increased motivation, more openness to using goals, greater clarity of goal importance, more specific and measurable goals and strategies, and the influence of the peer coach relationship were described by participants.
  
  
  
  Pain self-management interventions should emphasize goal setting, and development of specific, measurable goals and plans. Trainings for providers should address the potential for the provider-patient relationship, particularly peer providers, to facilitate motivation and goal setting.
authors: VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA. Electronic address: smbauer.psych@gmail.com.
authors: Sarah M
authors: SM
authors: Bauer
authors: VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors: Alan B
authors: AB
authors: McGuire
authors: VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors: Marina
authors: M
authors: Kukla
authors: VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors: Shannon
authors: S
authors: McGuire
authors: VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Regenstrief Institute, INC., Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors: Matthew J
authors: MJ
authors: Bair
authors: VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Regenstrief Institute, INC., Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Communications Studies, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors: Marianne S
authors: MS
authors: Matthias
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D059408:Pain Management; D010379:Peer Group; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods*; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology*
keywords: Goal setting; Pain self-management; Working alliance