title: Smartphone-enabled optofluidic exosome diagnostic for concussion recovery.
abstract: A major impediment to improving the treatment of concussion is our current inability to identify patients that will experience persistent problems after the injury. Recently, brain-derived exosomes, which cross the blood-brain barrier and circulate following injury, have shown great potential as a noninvasive biomarker of brain recovery. However, clinical use of exosomes has been constrained by their small size (30-100 nm) and the extensive sample preparation (>24 hr) needed for traditional exosome measurements. To address these challenges, we developed a smartphone-enabled optofluidic platform to measure brain-derived exosomes. Sample-to-answer on our chip is 1 hour, 10x faster than conventional techniques. The key innovation is an optofluidic device that can detect enzyme amplified exosome biomarkers, and is read out using a smartphone camera. Using this approach, we detected and profiled GluR2+ exosomes in the post-injury state using both in vitro and murine models of concussion.
authors: Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
authors: Jina
authors: J
authors: Ko
authors: Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
authors: Matthew A
authors: MA
authors: Hemphill
authors: Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Gabrieli
authors: Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
authors: Leon
authors: L
authors: Wu
authors: Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
authors: Venkata
authors: V
authors: Yelleswarapu
authors: Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
authors: Gladys
authors: G
authors: Lawrence
authors: Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
authors: Wesley
authors: W
authors: Pennycooke
authors: Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
authors: Anup
authors: A
authors: Singh
authors: Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.|Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
authors: Dave F
authors: DF
authors: Meaney
authors: Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.|Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Issadore
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000503:physiopathology; D001924:Brain Concussion / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D055354:Exosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D044085:Microfluidics; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D011379:Prognosis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000378:metabolism*; D000068997:Smartphone
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018091:Receptors, AMPA; C104722:glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 2