title: Relationship between soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), body composition and fat distribution in healthy women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) is a decoy receptor which sequesters RAGE ligands and acts as a cytoprotective agent. To date, it is unclear whether the lower sRAGE levels observed in obesity are a marker of increased overall adiposity or reflect increases in particular fat depots. Therefore, we evaluated in healthy women the relationship among sRAGE and indicators of adiposity, including abdominal visceral (VAT) and epicardial visceral (EAT) adipose tissues, to explore the potential role of sRAGE as an earlier biomarker of cardiometabolic risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma sRAGE levels were quantified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 47 healthy women. Total fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass were estimated with bioimpedance analysis. Anthropometric measures and biochemical data were recorded. Subcutaneous adipose tissue, VAT and EAT volumes were measured by magnetic resonance imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Obese women had lower sRAGE levels compared to normal-weight women. sRAGE levels were also lower in women with a waist circumference (WC) larger than 80 cm. Correlation analyses indicated an inverse association of sRAGE with body mass index and FM. Concerning adipose tissue distribution, sRAGE inversely correlated with WC, EAT and VAT depots. In a multiple stepwise regression analysis, performed to emphasize the role of fat distribution, EAT volume was the only predictor of sRAGE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lower sRAGE levels reflect accumulation of visceral fat mainly at the epicardial level and are present in advance of metabolic complications in adult women. sRAGE quantification might be an early marker of cardiometabolic risk.
authors: Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 31, 20133, Milan, Italy. elena.dozio@unimi.it.
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Dozio
authors: Diabetology and Metabolic Disease Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato, Via R. Morandi 30, 20097, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
authors: Silvia
authors: S
authors: Briganti
authors: Unit of Radiology, I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato, Via R. Morandi 30, 20097, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
authors: Alessandra
authors: A
authors: Delnevo
authors: Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 31, 20133, Milan, Italy.
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Vianello
authors: Diabetology and Metabolic Disease Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato, Via R. Morandi 30, 20097, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
authors: Federica
authors: F
authors: Ermetici
authors: Unit of Radiology, I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato, Via R. Morandi 30, 20097, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Secchi
authors: Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 31, 20133, Milan, Italy.|Unit of Radiology, I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato, Via R. Morandi 30, 20097, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Sardanelli
authors: Diabetology and Metabolic Disease Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato, Via R. Morandi 30, 20097, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
authors: Lelio
authors: L
authors: Morricone
authors: Diabetology and Metabolic Disease Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato, Via R. Morandi 30, 20097, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
authors: Alexis E
authors: AE
authors: Malavazos
authors: Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 31, 20133, Milan, Italy.|Service of Laboratory Medicine 1- Clinical Pathology, I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato, Via R. Morandi 30, 20097, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
authors: Massimiliano M
authors: MM
authors: Corsi Romanelli
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition; D050218:Body Fat Distribution; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products / Q000097:blood*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference; D016387:Women's Health
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol
keywords: Adipose tissue; Adipose tissue distribution; Epicardial adipose tissue; Receptor for advanced glycation end products; Subcutaneous adipose tissue; Visceral adipose tissue