title: Estimation of Salivary and Serum Biomarkers in Diabetic and Non Diabetic Patients - A Comparative Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Blood is the gold standard body fluid for diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) but saliva offers an alternative to serum as a biological fluid for diagnostic purposes because it contains serum constituents.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The study was conducted to estimate and compare serum and salivary glucose, amylase, proteins, calcium and phosphorus levels in DM and healthy subjects and to evaluate whether saliva can be used as a diagnostic fluid in DM patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study consisted of 120 subjects from OPD of Surendera Dental College, Sriganganagar, Rajasthan, India. The study groups were divided into Group I-60 DM patients (Type I & II) and Group II-60 healthy subjects. The saliva and serum samples were collected from each subject and levels of different biochemical parameters were estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean serum level of glucose (211.50 ± 43.82), amylase (79.86 ± 16.23), total proteins (6.65 ± 0.84), calcium (7.17 ± 0.91) and phosphorus (3.68±0.65) as observed in Group I while in Group II, glucose (88.81±11.29), amylase (77.67±14.88), total proteins (6.35±0.76), calcium (7.52±0.97) and phosphorus (3.96 ± 0.91) were noted. Mean salivary level of glucose (14.10±6.99), amylase (1671.42±569.86), total proteins (1.33±1.11), calcium (10.06±2.76) and phosphorus (13.75±4.45) as observed in Group I while in Group II, glucose (5.87± 2.42), amylase (1397.59 ±415.97), total proteins (1.36±0.81), calcium (7.73±2.78) and phosphorus (8.39 ± 1.95) were noted. On comparing values in saliva and serum, among two groups, an insignificant difference (p>0.005) was found between few of them.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Values regarding blood and salivary biochemical parameters were distinctly different between two groups suggesting salivary parameters can be used as a diagnostic alternative to blood parameters for diabetes mellitus.
authors: Post Graduate Student, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Surendera Dental College & Research Institute , Sriganganagar, Rajasthan, India .
authors: Amit
authors: A
authors: Ladgotra
authors: Reader, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Surendera Dental College & Research Institute , Sriganganagar, Rajasthan, India .
authors: Pradhuman
authors: P
authors: Verma
authors: Professor and Head, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Surendera Dental College & Research Institute , Sriganganagar, Rajasthan, India .
authors: Seetharamaiah Sunder
authors: SS
authors: Raj
keywords: Analyzer; Biochemical; Noninvasive; Salivary glucose