title: Estimation of stature and sex from scapular measurements by three-dimensional volume-rendering technique using in Chinese.
abstract: In order to develop population - specific discriminant function equations and stature prediction equations for predicting sex and stature from measurements of the scapula in a contemporary Chinese, 414 individual 3D CT images were collected from participants undergoing routine examination. Sex differences for the variables were tested by Student's t-test. Fisher's method has been followed for discriminant analysis. Regression analysis was applied to match the six linear parameters against stature. The stepwise analysis of all measurements yielded a sex classification accuracy rate of 86.7% and a sex bias of 3.1%. All the classification accuracy rates of the univariate discriminant function analyses are of more than 80%. For stature estimation, the accuracy of stature prediction ranged from 5.252 to 7.210cm for male, from 4.630 to 6.484cm for female, respectively. This paper provides indications that the scapula is an important bone for sex diagnosis and it could be effectively used as alternatives in forensic cases. Furthermore, the equations presented for stature estimation in this study should be used as alternatives in forensic cases when long bones were unavailable for stature estimation.
authors: Department of Forensic Pathology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China.
authors: Kui
authors: K
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Forensic Pathology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China.
authors: Jing-Hui
authors: JH
authors: Cui
authors: Department of Forensic Pathology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China.
authors: Ying-Zhen
authors: YZ
authors: Luo
authors: Department of Forensic Pathology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China.
authors: Fei
authors: F
authors: Fan
authors: Nan Chong Public Security Bureau, Nan Chong, Sichuan 610000, PR China.
authors: Ming
authors: M
authors: Yang
authors: Nan Chong Public Security Bureau, Nan Chong, Sichuan 610000, PR China.
authors: Xing-Hai
authors: XH
authors: Li
authors: Department of Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nan Chong, Sichuan 610000, PR China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Forensic Pathology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, PR China. Electronic address: newman-zhk@163.com.
authors: Zhen-Hua
authors: ZH
authors: Deng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D018732:Forensic Anthropology / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012540:Scapula / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D054881:Sex Determination by Skeleton / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Discriminant function analysis; Forensic anthropology; Regression equations; Scapula; Sexual dimorphism; Stature estimation