title: Inhibitors for the bacterial ectonucleotidase Lp1NTPDase from Legionella pneumophila.
abstract: Legionella pneumophila is an aerobic, Gram-negative bacterium of the genus Legionella, which constitutes the major causative agent of Legionnaires' disease. Recently a nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase) from L. pneumophila was identified and termed Lp1NTPDase; it was found to be a structural and functional homolog of mammalian NTPDases catalyzing the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and ADP to AMP. Its activity is believed to contribute to the virulence of Legionella pneumophila. Therefore Lp1NTPDase inhibitors are considered as novel antibacterial drugs. However, only weakly potent compounds are available so far. In the present study, a capillary electrophoresis (CE)-based enzyme assay for monitoring the Lp1NTPDase activity was established. The enzymatic reaction was performed in a test tube followed by separation of substrate and products by CE and subsequent quantification by UV analysis. After kinetic characterization of the enzyme, a series of 1-amino-4-ar(alk)ylamino-2-sulfoanthraquinone derivatives structurally related to the anthraquinone dye Reactive Blue 2, a non-selective ecto-NTPDase inhibitor, was investigated for inhibitory activity on Lp1NTPDase using the CE-based enzyme assay. Derivatives bearing a large lipophilic substituent (e.g., fused aromatic rings) in the 4-position of the 1-amino-2-sulfoanthraquinone showed the highest inhibitory activity. Compounds with IC50 values in the low micromolar range were identified. The most potent inhibitor was 1-amino-4-[phenanthrene-9-yl-amino]-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-sulfonate (28, PSB-16131), with an IC50-value of 4.24μM. It represents the most potent Lp1NTPDase inhibitor described to date. These findings may serve as a starting point for further optimization. Lp1NTPDase inhibition provides a novel approach for the (immuno)therapy of Legionella infections.
authors: PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
authors: Amelie
authors: A
authors: Fiene
authors: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 36, 123 Muscat, Oman.
authors: Younis
authors: Y
authors: Baqi
authors: PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
authors: Enas M
authors: EM
authors: Malik
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
authors: Patrice
authors: P
authors: Newton
authors: PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
authors: Wenjin
authors: W
authors: Li
authors: PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
authors: Sang-Yong
authors: SY
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
authors: Elizabeth L
authors: EL
authors: Hartland
authors: PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. Electronic address: christa.mueller@uni-bonn.de.
authors: Christa E
authors: CE
authors: Müller
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D002384:Catalysis; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007700:Kinetics; D016952:Legionella pneumophila / Q000201:enzymology*; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; C027201:ectoATPase
keywords: Anthraquinone; Antibacterial drug; Capillary electrophoresis; Ecto-5′-nucleotidase; Legionnaires’ disease; Lpg1905; NTPDase; Reactive Blue 2; Structure–activity relationships; Synthesis