title: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with SFTS virus infection: A case report with literature review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a new emerging zoonosis. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening syndrome caused by hyperinflammation. Here, we report the case of SFTS-associated HLH.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 62-year-old man was admitted to local hospital with 8 days of fever and chill. He had leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and developed seizure. An attending physician examined bone marrow to rule out hematologic malignancy. He was transferred to tertiary referral hospital for suspicious HLH. We decided to confirm its histologic feature for sure. Bone marrow and liver biopsy showed hemophagocyotic histiocytes. Serological tests for other infections were all negative except SFTS virus polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) as positive from serum, bone marrow, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and liver biopsy specimen. A definitive diagnosis was SFTS-associated HLH. During 2 weeks of conservative treatment, he succeeded in recovery from multiple organ failure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SFTS should be considered one of differential diagnosis of HLH. In certain endemic areas, SFTS infection deserves clinicians' attention because it can be presented hematologic diseases as HLH.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine Department of Laboratory Medicine Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.
authors: Hong Sang
authors: HS
authors: Oh
authors: Moonsuk
authors: M
authors: Kim
authors: Jeong-Ok
authors: JO
authors: Lee
authors: Haeryoung
authors: H
authors: Kim
authors: Eu Suk
authors: ES
authors: Kim
authors: Kyoung Un
authors: KU
authors: Park
authors: Hong Bin
authors: HB
authors: Kim
authors: Kyoung-Ho
authors: KH
authors: Song
mesh_terms: D002044:Bunyaviridae Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000209:etiology; D051359:Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000209:etiology; D016856:Phlebovirus / Q000235:genetics; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012640:Seizures / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral