title: Hydrogen prevents corneal endothelial damage in phacoemulsification cataract surgery.
abstract: In phacoemulsification, ultrasound induces hydroxyl radical (·OH) formation, damaging corneal endothelium. Whether H2 can prevent such oxidative damage in phacoemulsification was examined by in vitro and in vivo studies. H2 was dissolved in a commercial irrigating solution. The effects of H2 against ·OH generation were first confirmed in vitro by electron-spin resonance (ESR) and hydroxyphenyl fluorescein (HPF). ESR showed a significantly decreased signal magnitude, and fluorescence intensity by oxidized HPF was significantly less in the H2-dissolved solution. The effects of H2 in phacoemulsification were evaluated in rabbits, comparing H2-dissolved and control solutions. Five hours after the procedure, the whole cornea was excised and subjected to image analysis for corneal edema, real-time semiquantitative PCR (qPCR) for heme oxygenase (HO)-1, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), and SOD2 mRNA, and immunohistochemistry. Corneal edema was significantly less and the increases in anti-oxidative HO-1, CAT and SOD2 mRNA expressions were significantly suppressed in the H2 group. In addition, corneal endothelial cell expressions of two oxidative stress markers, 4-HNE and 8-OHdG, were significantly lower in the H2 group. In conclusion, H2 dissolved in the ocular irrigating solution protected corneal endothelial cells from phacoemulsification-induced oxidative stress and damage.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan.
authors: Tsutomu
authors: T
authors: Igarashi
authors: Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015 Japan.
authors: Ikuroh
authors: I
authors: Ohsawa
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan.
authors: Maika
authors: M
authors: Kobayashi
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan.
authors: Toru
authors: T
authors: Igarashi
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Musashikosugi Hospital, 1-396 Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa 211-8533, Japan.
authors: Hisaharu
authors: H
authors: Suzuki
authors: Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015 Japan.
authors: Masumi
authors: M
authors: Iketani
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan.
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002386:Cataract / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D003315:Cornea / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D004727:Endothelium / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D006859:Hydrogen