title: Evaluation of TLR2 and 4 in Chronic Periodontitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Periodontal disease is the major cause of adult tooth loss and is commonly characterized by a chronic inflammation caused by infection due to oral bacteria. Members of Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) family recognize conserved microbial structures, such as bacterial lipopolysaccharides and activate signalling pathways that result in immune responses against microbial infections.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to assess the mRNA expression of Toll-Like Receptor 2 and 4 in tissues with or without chronic periodontitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gingival tissue samples were collected from controls (30 subjects with healthy periodontal tissues) and experimental group (30 subjects with chronic periodontitis). Total RNA was extracted and RT-PCR was done for evaluation of TLR-2 and TLR-4. Mann Whitney U-test, Pearson Chi-square Test was used for statistics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that there is a significant (p-value= 0.004) association between TLR-4 and the experimental group comprising of chronic periodontitis patients in comparison to the insignificant (p-value= 0.085) TLR-2 expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study concludes that TLR-2 and TLR-4 expressed in the gingival tissues recognize different bacterial cell wall components thus helping us to associate its potential in diagnosing periodontal disease. Hence, in the future, these scientific findings can pave the way in using TLR as a diagnostic biomarker for periodontal disease.
authors: Reader, Department of Periodontology, Priyadarshini Dental College and Hospital , Pandur, Tamil Nadu, India .
authors: Paavai
authors: P
authors: Ilango
authors: Reader, Department of Pedodontics, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital , Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India .
authors: Arulpari
authors: A
authors: Mahalingam
authors: Professor, Department of Periodontology, SRM Dental College and Hospital , Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India .
authors: Harinath
authors: H
authors: Parthasarathy
authors: Reader, Department of Periodontology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences , Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu, India .
authors: Vineela
authors: V
authors: Katamreddy
authors: Reader, Department of Periodontology, CKS Teja Dental College and Hospital , Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, India .
authors: Venkat
authors: V
authors: Subbareddy
keywords: Gingival tissues; Intercellular signalling; Pathogens; Transmembrane proteins