title: Histone acetyltransferase general control non-repressed protein 5 (GCN5) affects the fatty acid composition of Arabidopsis thaliana seeds by acetylating fatty acid desaturase3 (FAD3).
abstract: Seed oils are important natural resources used in the processing and preparation of food. Histone modifications represent key epigenetic mechanisms that regulate gene expression, plant growth and development. However, histone modification events during fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that a mutation of the histone acetyltransferase GCN5 can decrease the ratio of α-linolenic acid (ALA) to linoleic acid (LA) in seed oil. Using RNA-Seq and ChIP assays, we identified FAD3, LACS2, LPP3 and PLAIIIβ as the targets of GCN5. Notably, the GCN5-dependent H3K9/14 acetylation of FAD3 determined the expression levels of FAD3 in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds, and the ratio of ALA/LA in the gcn5 mutant was rescued to the wild-type levels through the overexpression of FAD3. The results of this study indicated that GCN5 modulated FA biosynthesis by affecting the acetylation levels of FAD3. We provide evidence that histone acetylation is involved in FA biosynthesis in Arabidopsis seeds and might contribute to the optimization of the nutritional structure of edible oils through epigenetic engineering.
authors: State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.|National Plant Gene Research Centre (Beijing), Beijing, 100193, China.|Department of Plant Genetics & Breeding, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan Xi Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors: Tianya
authors: T
authors: Wang
authors: State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.|National Plant Gene Research Centre (Beijing), Beijing, 100193, China.|Department of Plant Genetics & Breeding, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan Xi Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors: Jiewen
authors: J
authors: Xing
authors: State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.|National Plant Gene Research Centre (Beijing), Beijing, 100193, China.|Department of Plant Genetics & Breeding, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan Xi Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors: Xinye
authors: X
authors: Liu
authors: State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.|National Plant Gene Research Centre (Beijing), Beijing, 100193, China.|Department of Plant Genetics & Breeding, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan Xi Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors: Zhenshan
authors: Z
authors: Liu
authors: State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.|National Plant Gene Research Centre (Beijing), Beijing, 100193, China.|Department of Plant Genetics & Breeding, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan Xi Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors: Yingyin
authors: Y
authors: Yao
authors: State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.|National Plant Gene Research Centre (Beijing), Beijing, 100193, China.|Department of Plant Genetics & Breeding, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan Xi Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors: Zhaorong
authors: Z
authors: Hu
authors: State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.|National Plant Gene Research Centre (Beijing), Beijing, 100193, China.|Department of Plant Genetics & Breeding, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan Xi Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors: Huiru
authors: H
authors: Peng
authors: State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.|National Plant Gene Research Centre (Beijing), Beijing, 100193, China.|Department of Plant Genetics & Breeding, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan Xi Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors: Mingming
authors: M
authors: Xin
authors: Institute of Plant Science Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Sud, 91405, Orsay, France.
authors: Dao-Xiu
authors: DX
authors: Zhou
authors: National Maize Improvement Centre of China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors: Yirong
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.|National Plant Gene Research Centre (Beijing), Beijing, 100193, China.|Department of Plant Genetics & Breeding, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan Xi Road No. 2, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
authors: Zhongfu
authors: Z
authors: Ni
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003066:Coenzyme A Ligases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000099224:p300-CBP-Associated Factor
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D003066:Coenzyme A Ligases; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; C474651:fad3 protein, Arabidopsis; C474636:GCN5 protein, Arabidopsis; D000099224:p300-CBP-Associated Factor; C523086:LACS2 protein, Arabidopsis
keywords: 
  Arabidopsis thaliana
  ; fatty acid; fatty acid desaturase3; general control non-repressed protein 5; histone acetylation