title: Clinical and Molecular Characteristics in 100 Chinese Pediatric Patients with m.3243A>G Mutation in Mitochondrial DNA.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mitochondrial diseases are a group of energy metabolic disorders with multisystem involvements. Variable clinical features present a major challenge in pediatric diagnoses. We summarized the clinical spectrum of m.3243A>G mutation in Chinese pediatric patients, to define the common clinical manifestations and study the correlation between heteroplasmic degree of the mutation and clinical severity of the disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical data of one-hundred pediatric patients with symptomatic mitochondrial disease harboring m.3243A>G mutation from 2007 to 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Detection of m.3243A>G mutation ratio was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Correlation between m.3243A>G mutation ratio and age was evaluated. The differences in clinical symptom frequency of patients with low, middle, and high levels of mutation ratio were analyzed by Chi-square test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-six patients (66%) had suffered a delayed diagnosis for an average of 2 years. The most frequent symptoms were seizures (76%), short stature (73%), elevated plasma lactate (70%), abnormal magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography (MRI/CT) changes (68%), vomiting (55%), decreased vision (52%), headache (50%), and muscle weakness (48%). The mutation ratio was correlated negatively with onset age (r = -0.470, P < 0.001). Myopathy was more frequent in patients with a high level of mutation ratio. However, patients with a low or middle level of m.3243A>G mutation ratio were more likely to suffer hearing loss, decreased vision, and gastrointestinal disturbance than patients with a high level of mutation ratio.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study showed that half of Chinese pediatric patients with m.3243A>G mutation presented seizures, short stature, abnormal MRI/CT changes, elevated plasma lactate, vomiting, and headache. Pediatric patients with these recurrent symptoms should be considered for screening m.3243A>G mutation. Clinical manifestations and laboratory abnormalities should be carefully monitored in patients with this point mutation.
authors: Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors: Chang-Yu
authors: CY
authors: Xia
authors: Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors: Yan-Chun
authors: YC
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors: Yi-Nan
authors: YN
authors: Ma
authors: Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Qi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017668:Age of Onset; D044466:Asian People; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D028361:Mitochondrial Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009154:Mutation; D017354:Point Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012640:Seizures / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D019344:Lactic Acid