title: Climate change, air pollution, and allergic respiratory diseases: an update.
abstract: The rising trend in prevalence of allergic respiratory disease and bronchial asthma, observed over the last decades, can be explained by changes occurring in the environment, with increasing presence of biologic, such as allergens, and chemical atmospheric trigger factors able to stimulate the sensitization and symptoms of these diseases.
  
  
  
  Many studies have shown changes in production, dispersion, and allergen content of pollen and spores because of climate change with an increasing effect of aeroallergens on allergic patients.
  
  
  
  Over the last 50 years, global earth's temperature has markedly risen likely because of growing emission of anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations. Major changes involving the atmosphere and the climate, including global warming induced by human activity, have a major impact on the biosphere and human environment.Urbanization and high levels of vehicle emissions are correlated to an increase in the frequency of pollen-induced respiratory allergy prevalent in people who live in urban areas compared with those who live in rural areas. Measures of mitigation need to be applied for reducing future impacts of climate change on our planet, but until global emissions continue to rise, adaptation to the impacts of future climate variability will also be required.
authors: aDivision of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Department of Respiratory Diseases, High Specialty Hospital 'A. Cardarelli', Napoli bSchool of Specialization in Respiratory Diseases, University of Naples Federico II, Naples cDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno dRespiratory Department, High Speciality Hospital 'V. Monaldi' and University 'Federico II', Napoli, Italy.
authors: Gennaro
authors: G
authors: D'Amato
authors: Carolina
authors: C
authors: Vitale
authors: Maurizia
authors: M
authors: Lanza
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Molino
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: D'Amato
mesh_terms: D000397:Air Pollution; D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D057231:Climate Change; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D017752:Greenhouse Effect; D006801:Humans; D010944:Plants; D011058:Pollen / Q000276:immunology; D012130:Respiratory Hypersensitivity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D014507:Urbanization; D001335:Vehicle Emissions
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D001335:Vehicle Emissions