title: Airborne Dioxins, Furans, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Exposure to Military Personnel in Iraq.
abstract: The objective of this study was to use ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF) concentrations measured at Joint Base Balad in Iraq in 2007 to identify the sources of these species and their spatial patterns.
  
  
  
  The ratios of the measured species were compared with literature data for likely emission sources. Using the multiple site measurements on specific days, contour maps have been drawn using inverse distance weighting (IDW).
  
  
  
  These analyses suggest multiple sources, including the burn pit (primarily a source of PCDD/PCDFs), the transportation field (primarily as source of PAHs), and other sources of PAHs that include aircraft, space heating, and diesel power generation.
  
  
  
  The nature and locations of the sources were identified. PCDD/PCDFs were emitted by the burn pit. Multiple PAH sources exist across the base.
authors: Center for Air Resources Engineering and Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York (Drs Masiol and Hopke); Professor, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics (Dr Mallon), Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814; Bioenvironmental Engineering Flight Commander, 30th Medical Group, 338 South Dakota Ave, Vandenberg AFB, CA 93437 (Maj. Haines); Departments of Medicine and Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York (Dr Utell).
authors: Mauro
authors: M
authors: Masiol
authors: Col Timothy M
authors: CT
authors: Mallon
authors: Kevin M
authors: KM
authors: Haines
authors: Mark J
authors: MJ
authors: Utell
authors: Philip K
authors: PK
authors: Hopke
mesh_terms: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000032:analysis*; D001572:Benzofurans; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005663:Furans / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007493:Iraq; D008889:Military Personnel; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D001572:Benzofurans; D004147:Dioxins; D005663:Furans; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons