title: Plasma Clusterin and the CLU Gene rs11136000 Variant Are Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is related to an elevated risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Plasma clusterin is reported associated with the early pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and longitudinal brain atrophy in subjects with MCI. The rs11136000 single nucleotide polymorphism within the clusterin (CLU) gene is also associated with the risk of AD. We aimed to investigate the associations among plasma clusterin, rs11136000 genotype and T2DM-associated MCI.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 231 T2DM patients, including 126 MCI and 105 cognitively healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Demographic parameters were collected and neuropsychological tests were conducted. Plasma clusterin and CLU rs11136000 genotype were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma clusterin was significantly higher in MCI patients than in control group (p = 0.007). In subjects with MCI, plasma clusterin level was negatively correlated with Montreal cognitive assessment and auditory verbal learning test_delayed recall scores (p = 0.027 and p = 0.020, respectively). After adjustment for age, educational attainment, and gender, carriers of rs11136000 TT genotype demonstrated reduced risk for MCI compared with the CC genotype carriers (OR = 0.158, χ(2) = 4.113, p = 0.043). Multivariable regression model showed that educational attainment, duration of diabetes, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and plasma clusterin levels are associated with MCI in T2DM patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma clusterin was associated with MCI and may reflect a protective response in T2DM patients. TT genotype exhibited a reduced risk of MCI compared to CC genotype. Further investigations should be conducted to determine the role of clusterin in cognitive decline. Trial registration Advanced Glycation End Products Induced Cognitive Impairment in Diabetes: BDNF Signal Meditated Hippocampal Neurogenesis ChiCTR-OCC-15006060; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=10536.
authors: Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast UniversityNanjing, China; Medical School of Southeast UniversityNanjing, China.
authors: Rongrong
authors: R
authors: Cai
authors: Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University Nanjing, China.
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Han
authors: Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University Nanjing, China.
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Sun
authors: Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University Nanjing, China.
authors: Rong
authors: R
authors: Huang
authors: Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University Nanjing, China.
authors: Sai
authors: S
authors: Tian
authors: Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University Nanjing, China.
authors: Yanjue
authors: Y
authors: Shen
authors: Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University Nanjing, China.
authors: Xue
authors: X
authors: Dong
authors: Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University Nanjing, China.
authors: Wenqing
authors: W
authors: Xia
authors: Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University Nanjing, China.
authors: Shaohua
authors: S
authors: Wang
keywords: clusterin; memory; mild cognitive impairment; polymorphism; type 2 diabetes mellitus