title: Ionic-liquid-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with magnetic solid-phase extraction for the determination of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2in animal feeds by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.
abstract: A novel two-step extraction technique combining ionic-liquid-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with magnetic solid-phase extraction was developed for the preconcentration and separation of aflatoxins in animal feedstuffs before high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection. In this work, ionic liquid 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate was used as the extractant in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, and hydrophobic pelargonic acid modified Fe3O4magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient adsorbent were applied to retrieve the aflatoxins-containing ionic liquid. Notably, the target of magnetic nanoparticles was the ionic liquid rather than the aflatoxins. Because of the rapid mass transfer associated with the dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and magnetic solid phase steps, fast extraction could be achieved. The main parameters affecting the extraction recoveries of aflatoxins were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, vortexing at 2500 rpm for 1 min in the dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and magnetic solid-phase extraction and then desorption by sonication for 2 min with acetonitrile as eluent. The recoveries were 90.3-103.7% with relative standard deviations of 3.2-6.4%. Good linearity was observed with correlation coefficients ranged from 0.9986 to 0.9995. The detection limits were 0.632, 0.087, 0.422 and 0.146 ng/mL for aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2, respectively. The results were also compared with the pretreatment method carried out by conventional immunoaffinity columns.
authors: Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Province, China.
authors: Jiao
authors: J
authors: Zhao
authors: Central monitoring center of Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Zhu
authors: Yunnan Jianniu Bio Technology Co., Ltd, Kunming, China.
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Jiao
authors: Yunnan Jianniu Bio Technology Co., Ltd, Kunming, China.
authors: Jinyan
authors: J
authors: Ning
authors: Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Province, China. yilyil8@163.com.
authors: Yaling
authors: Y
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D000348:Aflatoxins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005453:Fluorescence; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D059627:Liquid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods*; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000348:Aflatoxins
keywords: Aflatoxins; Fluorescence detection / High performance liquid chromatography; Ionic liquids; Magnetic solid-phase extraction