title: The therapeutic potential of epigenetic manipulation during infectious diseases.
abstract: Epigenetic modifications are increasingly recognized as playing an important role in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases. They represent a critical mechanism regulating transcriptional profiles in the immune system that contributes to the cell-type and stimulus specificity of the transcriptional response. Recent data highlight how epigenetic changes impact macrophage functional responses and polarization, influencing the innate immune system through macrophage tolerance and training. In this review we will explore how post-translational modifications of histone tails influence immune function to specific infectious diseases. We will describe how these may influence outcome, highlighting examples derived from responses to acute bacterial pathogens, models of sepsis, maintenance of viral latency and HIV infection. We will discuss how emerging classes of pharmacological agents, developed for use in oncology and other settings, have been applied to models of infectious diseases and their potential to modulate key aspects of the immune response to bacterial infection and HIV therapy.
authors: Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield Medical School, UK; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, UK; Chemical and Biologic Engineering, University of Sheffield, UK.
authors: Joby
authors: J
authors: Cole
authors: Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield Medical School, UK; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, UK.
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Morris
authors: Chemical and Biologic Engineering, University of Sheffield, UK.
authors: Mark J
authors: MJ
authors: Dickman
authors: Department of Infection and Immunity, University of Sheffield Medical School, UK; Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, UK. Electronic address: d.h.dockrell@sheffield.ac.uk.
authors: David H
authors: DH
authors: Dockrell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015195:Drug Design; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D006657:Histones
keywords: Chromatin; Epigenetic; Immune regulation