title: Treatment of Head and Neck Injuries in the Helmeted Athlete.
abstract: Sport-related concussion treatment includes three major phases: initial evaluation at the time of the injury, treatment while the patient is symptomatic, and evaluation of the readiness for a gradual return to participation. Each concussion evaluation should include similar elements: assessment of symptoms, assessment of cognitive ability, assessment of coordination (of the eyes, upper extremities, and lower extremities), and assessment for additional injuries. The spine-boarding recommendations from the American College of Emergency Physicians, National Association of EMS Physicians, and National Athletic Trainers' Association have changed. These recommendations include both decreased use of spinal immobilization and removal of the helmet and shoulder pads prior to securing the athlete to the board when sufficient numbers of trained providers are present. Preseason training and pregame meetings or "medical time outs" should become standard practice for the sidelines medical team (including the athletic trainer, team physician, emergency response personnel, and possibly others).
authors: Department of Health Sciences, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia.
authors: B Kent
authors: BK
authors: Diduch
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital & Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC.
authors: Korin
authors: K
authors: Hudson
authors: Department of Kinesiology (J.E.R.), Spine Division, Spine Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (F.S.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences (D.K.B.), Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine (W.B.), Orthopedic Inpatient Unit, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (A.S.), Division of Sports Medicine (M.D.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors: Jacob E
authors: JE
authors: Resch
authors: Department of Kinesiology (J.E.R.), Spine Division, Spine Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (F.S.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences (D.K.B.), Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine (W.B.), Orthopedic Inpatient Unit, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (A.S.), Division of Sports Medicine (M.D.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors: Francis
authors: F
authors: Shen
authors: Department of Kinesiology (J.E.R.), Spine Division, Spine Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (F.S.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences (D.K.B.), Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine (W.B.), Orthopedic Inpatient Unit, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (A.S.), Division of Sports Medicine (M.D.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors: Donna K
authors: DK
authors: Broshek
authors: Department of Kinesiology (J.E.R.), Spine Division, Spine Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (F.S.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences (D.K.B.), Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine (W.B.), Orthopedic Inpatient Unit, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (A.S.), Division of Sports Medicine (M.D.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors: William
authors: W
authors: Brady
authors: College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia.
authors: Steven L
authors: SL
authors: Cole
authors: University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.
authors: Ron
authors: R
authors: Courson
authors: Albemarle County Fire Rescue, Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors: Titus
authors: T
authors: Castens
authors: Department of Kinesiology (J.E.R.), Spine Division, Spine Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (F.S.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences (D.K.B.), Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine (W.B.), Orthopedic Inpatient Unit, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (A.S.), Division of Sports Medicine (M.D.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors: Adam
authors: A
authors: Shimer
authors: Department of Kinesiology (J.E.R.), Spine Division, Spine Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (F.S.), Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences (D.K.B.), Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine (W.B.), Orthopedic Inpatient Unit, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (A.S.), Division of Sports Medicine (M.D.M.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
authors: Mark D
authors: MD
authors: Miller
mesh_terms: D056352:Athletes; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000628:therapy*; D001924:Brain Concussion / Q000628:therapy*; D006260:Head Protective Devices; D006801:Humans; D019838:Neck Injuries