title: Impact of Prior Use of an Androgen Receptor-Axis-Targeted (ARAT) Agent With or Without Subsequent Taxane Therapy on the Efficacy of Another ARAT Agent in Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.
abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate whether the prior use of a novel androgen receptor-axis-targeted (ARAT) agent with or without subsequent taxane therapy could affect the efficacy of another ARAT agent in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
  
  
  
  This study included a total of 302 patients with mCRPC, who were treated with abiraterone acetate and/or enzalutamide. These 302 patients were classified into the following 3 groups: group A, 173 received an ARAT agent without the prior use of another ARAT agent; group B, 102 sequentially received ARAT agents without any treatment between the 2 agents; group C, 27 sequentially received ARAT agents, with taxane therapy between the 2 ARAT agents.
  
  
  
  The response rate to the ARAT agent in group A (63.6%) was significantly higher than those to the ARAT agent introduced late-line in groups B and C (20.6% and 29.6%, respectively). In addition, prostate-specific antigen progression-free survival during the ARAT therapy in group A was significantly superior to those during the ARAT therapy conducted late-line in groups B and C. Multivariate analyses of several parameters identified the prior use of an ARAT agent, but not the administration of taxane between the ARAT therapies, as one of the independent predictors of prostate-specific antigen progression-free survival.
  
  
  
  Cross-resistance between ARAT agents may be a common phenomenon in patients with mCRPC, irrespective of the introduction of taxane between the ARAT therapies.
authors: Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan. Electronic address: hideakimiyake@hotmail.com.
authors: Hideaki
authors: H
authors: Miyake
authors: Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
authors: Takuto
authors: T
authors: Hara
authors: Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
authors: Seiichiro
authors: S
authors: Ozono
authors: Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
authors: Masato
authors: M
authors: Fujisawa
mesh_terms: D000069501:Abiraterone Acetate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001549:Benzamides; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D006801:Humans; D007610:Kallikreins / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009570:Nitriles; D010669:Phenylthiohydantoin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D064129:Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D043823:Taxoids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D009570:Nitriles; D043823:Taxoids; D010669:Phenylthiohydantoin; C540278:enzalutamide; C549870:KLK3 protein, human; D007610:Kallikreins; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D000069501:Abiraterone Acetate
keywords: Abiraterone acetate; Cross-resistance; Docetaxel; Enzalutamide; Progression-free survival