title: Sonography and Transthoracic Echocardiography for Diagnosis of Systemic Cardiovascular Metastatic Tumor Thrombi.
abstract: Sonography and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) are seldom used for assessment of metastatic tumor thrombi in the cardiovascular system in routine clinical practice. We performed this retrospective study to evaluate the combination of sonography with TTE for diagnosis of metastatic tumor thrombi in heart and systemic vessels. Vascular, abdominal, pelvic, and small-part sonography was applied in 18 patients, and TTE was conducted simultaneously in 14 patients. Tumor thrombi invaded into the inferior vena cava system in 12 patients, superior vena cava system in 5 patients, and aorta in 1 patient; they extended to the right cardiac chambers in 11 patients. Six patients had diagnoses by pathologic examination. The primary neoplasms were identified by conventional imaging in 17 patients. The morphologic and echogenic characteristics of the tumor thrombi were diverse and depended on their original tumors. The thrombi were either contiguous or discrete from the original tumors. The neoplastic vascularity of the thrombi and the invasive extension were the primary characteristics that distinguished them from bland thrombi. Simultaneous application of sonography and TTE is a feasible way to comprehensively evaluate cardiovascular metastatic tumor thrombi in most patients.
authors: Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China, Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina USA, Department of Medical Ultrasonography, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China tjw7169@126.com.
authors: Jiong
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors: Yi
authors: Y
authors: Cheng
authors: Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina USA.
authors: Yueh Z
authors: YZ
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors: Yongmei
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors: Ye
authors: Y
authors: Zheng
authors: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors: Ran
authors: R
authors: Dong
authors: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors: Yongqiang
authors: Y
authors: Lai
authors: Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors: Xiaobin
authors: X
authors: Tang
authors: Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors: Yaoguo
authors: Y
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors: Sheng
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors: Nan
authors: N
authors: He
authors: Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors: Yunfeng
authors: Y
authors: Jia
authors: Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Cheng
authors: Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors: Dan
authors: D
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors: Xiaona
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Echocardiography, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors: Chun
authors: C
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003328:Coronary Thrombosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006338:Heart Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000556:secondary*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: inferior vena cava; metastatic tumor thrombus; sonography; superior vena cava; transthoracic echocardiography; vascular ultrasound