title: Biological Activities of Triterpenoids and Phenolic Compounds from Myrica cerifera Bark.
abstract: Seven triterpenoids, 1 - 7, two diarylheptanoids, 8 and 9, four phenolic compounds, 10 - 13, and three other compounds, 14 - 16, were isolated from the hexane and MeOH extracts of the bark of Myrica cerifera L. (Myricaceae). Among these compounds, betulin (1), ursolic acid (3), and myricanol (8) exhibited cytotoxic activities against HL60 (leukemia), A549 (lung), and SK-BR-3 (breast) human cancer cell lines (IC503.1 - 24.2 μm). Compound 8 induced apoptotic cell death in HL60 cells (IC505.3 μm) upon evaluation of the apoptosis-inducing activity by flow cytometric analysis and by Hoechst 33342 staining method. Western blot analysis on HL60 cells revealed that 8 activated caspases-3, -8, and -9 suggesting that 8 induced apoptosis via both mitochondrial and death receptor pathways in HL60. Upon evaluation of the melanogenesis-inhibitory activity in B16 melanoma cells induced with α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), erythrodiol (7), 4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl β-d-glucopyranoside (13), and butyl quinate (15) exhibited inhibitory effects (65.4 - 86.0% melanin content) with no, or almost no, toxicity to the cells (85.9 - 107.4% cell viability) at 100 μm concentration. In addition, 8, myricanone (9), myricitrin (10), protocatechuic acid (11), and gallic acid (12) revealed potent DPPH radical-scavenging activities (IC506.9 - 20.5 μm).
authors: Department of Natural Medicine Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China.
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 1-8-14 Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8308, Japan.
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Yamada
authors: College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 1-8-14 Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8308, Japan.
authors: Eri
authors: E
authors: Ogihara
authors: College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, 1-8-14 Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8308, Japan.
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Kurita
authors: Ichimaru Pharcos Company Ltd., 318-1 Asagi, Motosu-shi, Gifu, 501-0475, Japan.
authors: Norihiro
authors: N
authors: Banno
authors: Department of Natural Medicine Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Qu
authors: Department of Natural Medicine Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China.
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Feng
authors: Akihisa Medical Clinic, 1086-3 Kamo, Sanda-shi, Hyogo, 669-1311, Japan.
authors: Toshihiro
authors: T
authors: Akihisa
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D031641:Myrica / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D010636:Phenols; D014315:Triterpenes
keywords: Antioxidant activity; Cytotoxicity; Melanogenesis-inhibitory activity; Myrica cerifera; Phenolic compounds; Triterpenoids