title: Shaping of Metal-Organic Frameworks: From Fluid to Shaped Bodies and Robust Foams.
abstract: The applications of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) toward industrial separation, catalysis, sensing, and some sophisticated devices are drastically affected by their intrinsic fragility and poor processability. Unlike organic polymers, MOF crystals are insoluble in any solvents and are usually not thermoplastic, which means traditional solvent- or melting-based processing techniques are not applicable for MOFs. Herein, a continuous phase transformation processing strategy is proposed for fabricating and shaping MOFs into processable fluids, shaped bodies, and even MOF foams that are capable of reversible transformation among these states. Based on this strategy, a cup-shaped Cu-MOF composite and hierarchically porous MOF foam were developed for highly efficient catalytic C-H oxidation (conv. 76% and sele. 93% for cup-shaped Cu-MOF composite and conv. 92% and sele. 97% for porous foam) with ease of recycling and dramatically improved kinetics. Furthermore, various MOF-based foams with low densities (<0.1 g cm(-3)) and high MOF loadings (up to 80 wt %) were obtained via this protocol. Imparted with hierarchically porous structures and fully accessible MOFs uniformly distributed, these foams presented low energy penalty (pressure drop <20 Pa, at 500 mL min(-1)) and showed potential applications as efficient membrane reactors.
authors: Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
authors: Yifa
authors: Y
authors: Chen
authors: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University , Liaocheng, 252059, P. R. China.
authors: Xianqiang
authors: X
authors: Huang
authors: Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
authors: Shenghan
authors: S
authors: Zhang
authors: Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
authors: Siqing
authors: S
authors: Li
authors: Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
authors: Sijia
authors: S
authors: Cao
authors: Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
authors: Xiaokun
authors: X
authors: Pei
authors: Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
authors: Junwen
authors: J
authors: Zhou
authors: Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
authors: Xiao
authors: X
authors: Feng
authors: Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology , 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
authors: Bo
authors: B
authors: Wang