title: Suppressed Recurrent Bladder Cancer after Androgen Suppression with Androgen Deprivation Therapy or 5α-Reductase Inhibitor.
abstract: We determined whether intravesical recurrence is affected by inhibition of androgen signaling among men with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer.
  
  
  
  We examined the intravesical recurrence rate among men treated with or without androgen suppression therapy by androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer or 5α-reductase inhibitor dutasteride for benign prostatic hyperplasia.
  
  
  
  We studied 228 men, including 32 with and 196 without androgen suppression therapy. During a median followup of 3.6 and 3.0 years intravesical recurrence developed in 4 (12.5%) and 59 men (30.1%) with and without androgen suppression therapy, respectively. On multivariate analysis multiple tumors (HR 1.82, p = 0.027), a large tumor (HR 2.13, p = 0.043) and ever smoking (HR 2.45, p = 0.020) as well as the presence of androgen suppression therapy (HR 0.36, p = 0.024) were independent risk factors for intravesical recurrence. Notably, tumor progressed to muscle invasive bladder cancer in 6 men (3.1%) without androgen suppression therapy. No man with androgen suppression therapy progressed to muscle invasive bladder cancer.
  
  
  
  Our study suggests the possibility of androgen suppression therapy as prophylaxis for intravesical recurrence of bladder cancer. Further explorations are warranted of the prophylactic effect of androgen suppression therapy on bladder cancer pathogenesis.
authors: Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. Electronic address: shiota@uro.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
authors: Masaki
authors: M
authors: Shiota
authors: Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Keijiro
authors: K
authors: Kiyoshima
authors: Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Yokomizo
authors: Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Ario
authors: A
authors: Takeuchi
authors: Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Eiji
authors: E
authors: Kashiwagi
authors: Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Dejima
authors: Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Ryosuke
authors: R
authors: Takahashi
authors: Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Junichi
authors: J
authors: Inokuchi
authors: Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Katsunori
authors: K
authors: Tatsugami
authors: Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors: Masatoshi
authors: M
authors: Eto
mesh_terms: D058891:5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000368:Aged; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000188:drug therapy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D058891:5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors; D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents
keywords: 5-alpha reductase inhibitors; androgen antagonists; bladder neoplasms; local; neoplasm recurrence; prevention and control