title: Dissecting the polysaccharide-rich grape cell wall matrix using recombinant pectinases during winemaking.
abstract: The effectiveness of enzyme-mediated-maceration in red winemaking relies on the use of an optimum combination of specific enzymes. A lack of information on the relevant enzyme activities and the corresponding polysaccharide-rich berry cell wall structure is a major limitation. This study used different combinations of purified recombinant pectinases with cell wall profiling tools to follow the deconstruction process during winemaking. Multivariate data analysis of the glycan microarray (CoMPP) and gas chromatography (GC) results revealed that pectin lyase performed almost as effectively in de-pectination as certain commercial enzyme mixtures. Surprisingly the combination of endo-polygalacturonase and pectin-methyl-esterase only unraveled the cell walls without de-pectination. Datasets from the various combinations used confirmed pectin-rich and xyloglucan-rich layers within the grape pomace. These data support a proposed grape cell wall model which can serve as a foundation to evaluate testable hypotheses in future studies aimed at developing tailor-made enzymes for winemaking scenarios.
authors: Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Gao
authors: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1001, Denmark.
authors: Jonatan U
authors: JU
authors: Fangel
authors: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1001, Denmark.
authors: William G T
authors: WGT
authors: Willats
authors: Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
authors: Melané A
authors: MA
authors: Vivier
authors: Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa. Electronic address: moorejp@sun.ac.za.
authors: John P
authors: JP
authors: Moore
mesh_terms: D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D011096:Polygalacturonase / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*; D014920:Wine
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011096:Polygalacturonase
keywords: Cell wall model; Grape pomace; Multivariate data analysis; Pectin; Recombinant pectinases; Winemaking