title: Preparation of a reproducible long-acting formulation of risperidone-loaded PLGA microspheres using microfluidic method.
abstract: The aim of the present study is to prepare risperidone-loaded poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microspheres within microfluidic system and to achieve a formulation with uniform size and monotonic and reproducible release profile. In comparison to batch method, T-junction and serpentine chips were utilized and optimizing study was carried out at different processing parameters (e.g. PLGA and surfactant concentration and flow rates ratio of outer to inner phase). The computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling was performed, and loading and release study were carried out. CFD simulation indicates that increasing the flow rate of aqueous phase cause to decrease the droplet size, while the change in size of microspheres did not follow a specific pattern in the experimental results. The most uniform microspheres and narrowest standard deviation (66.79 μm ± 3.32) were achieved using T-junction chip, 1% polyvinylalcohol, 1% PLGA and flow rates ratio of 20. The microfluidic-assisted microspheres were more uniform with narrower size distribution. The release of risperidone from microspheres produced by the microfluidic method was more reproducible and closer to zero-order kinetic model. The release profile of formulation with 2:1 drug-to-polymer ratio was the most favorable release, in which 41.85% release could be achieved during 24 days.
authors: a Student Research Committee , Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran.
authors: Elham
authors: E
authors: Jafarifar
authors: b Department of Pharmaceutics, Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran.
authors: Marziyeh
authors: M
authors: Hajialyani
authors: c CFD Research Center, Chemical Engineering Department , Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran.
authors: Mona
authors: M
authors: Akbari
authors: c CFD Research Center, Chemical Engineering Department , Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran.
authors: Masoud
authors: M
authors: Rahimi
authors: d Department of Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran.
authors: Yalda
authors: Y
authors: Shokoohinia
authors: b Department of Pharmaceutics, Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran.|d Department of Pharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran.
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Fattahi
mesh_terms: D006018:Glycols; D044085:Microfluidics; D008863:Microspheres; D018967:Risperidone
chemical_list: D006018:Glycols; D018967:Risperidone
keywords: Microfluidics; PLGA; monodisperse microspheres; monotonic and reproducible release; risperidone; the computational fluid dynamic