title: Pulse modulated radiofrequency exposure influences cognitive performance.
abstract: To investigate whether exposure to pulse modulated radiofrequency (PM RF) influences human cognitive performance, and whether it does so in a dose-dependent manner.
  
  
  
  Thirty-six healthy adults participated in a randomized, double-blind, counterbalanced provocation study. Cognitive performance was assessed using a visual discrimination task and a modified Sternberg working memory task, which were calibrated to individual performance levels in a preliminary testing session. An sXh920 planar exposure system was used to generate a 920 MHz GSM-like signal, providing three conditions (peak-spatial SAR averaged over 10 g) of 0 W/kg (sham), 1 W/kg (low RF) and 2 W/kg (high RF).
  
  
  
  A significant decrease in reaction time (RT) in the Sternberg working memory task was found during exposure compared to sham. This effect was not dose-dependent.
  
  
  
  Cognitive performance was shown to be faster under PM RF conditions, relative to sham, in a working memory task. While the majority of the literature has not found effects of PM RF exposure on cognitive performance, it is possible that the methodological improvements employed in the present study increased sensitivity, and thus the ability to detect potential effects.
authors: a Australian Centre for Electromagnetic Bioeffects Research , Wollongong , Australia ;|b Centre for Health Initiatives, School of Psychology, Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong , Australia ;
authors: Adam
authors: A
authors: Verrender
authors: a Australian Centre for Electromagnetic Bioeffects Research , Wollongong , Australia ;|b Centre for Health Initiatives, School of Psychology, Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong , Australia ;|c Population Health Research on Electromagnetic Energy , Wollongong , Australia ;
authors: Sarah P
authors: SP
authors: Loughran
authors: b Centre for Health Initiatives, School of Psychology, Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong , Australia ;|c Population Health Research on Electromagnetic Energy , Wollongong , Australia ;
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Dalecki
authors: a Australian Centre for Electromagnetic Bioeffects Research , Wollongong , Australia ;|d Australian Mobile Telecommunications Association , Melbourne , Australia.
authors: Ray
authors: R
authors: McKenzie
authors: a Australian Centre for Electromagnetic Bioeffects Research , Wollongong , Australia ;|b Centre for Health Initiatives, School of Psychology, Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong , Australia ;|c Population Health Research on Electromagnetic Energy , Wollongong , Australia ;
authors: Rodney J
authors: RJ
authors: Croft
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Cognition; RF bioeffects; mobile phones; working memory