title: Antimalarial potential of leaves of Chenopodium ambrosioides L.
abstract: In an effort to identify novel therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of malaria, the present study evaluated the antimalarial effect of the crude hydroalcoholic extract (HCE) from the leaves of Chenopodium ambrosioides L. For this purpose, the molecular affinity between the total proteins from erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium falciparum and HCE or chloroquine was evaluated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Subsequently, the plasmodicidal potential of HCE was assessed in a P. falciparum culture. Using BALB/c mice infected with Plasmodium berghei intraperitoneally (ip.), we evaluated the effects of ip. treatment, for three consecutive days (day 7, 8, and 9 after infection), with chloroquine (45 mg/kg) or HCE (5 mg/kg), considering the survival index and the parasitaemia. The groups were compared to an untreated control group that receives only PBS at the same periods. The results indicated that HCE could bind to the total proteins of infected erythrocytes and could inhibit the parasite growth in vitro (IC50= 25.4 g/mL). The in vivo therapeutic treatment with HCE increased the survival and decreased the parasitaemia in the infected animals. Therefore, the HCE treatment exhibited a significant antiplasmodial effect and may be considered as a potential candidate for the development of new antimalarial drugs.
authors: Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Department of Pathology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), 65080-805, São Luís, Brazil.
authors: Dalila Nunes
authors: DN
authors: Cysne
authors: Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Department of Pathology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), 65080-805, São Luís, Brazil.
authors: Thiare Silva
authors: TS
authors: Fortes
authors: Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Department of Pathology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), 65080-805, São Luís, Brazil.|Department of Parasitology, Laboratory of Experimental Immunoparasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.|Medical College, Center of Social Sciences, Health and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), 65900-410, Imperatriz, Brazil.
authors: Aramys Silva
authors: AS
authors: Reis
authors: Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Department of Pathology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), 65080-805, São Luís, Brazil.
authors: Bruno
authors: B
authors: de Paulo Ribeiro
authors: Laboratory of Biotechnology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz Rondônia), 76812-245, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.
authors: Amália
authors: A
authors: Dos Santos Ferreira
authors: Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Herbal Medicine, Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), 65085-580, São Luís, Brazil.
authors: Flavia Maria Mendonça
authors: FM
authors: do Amaral
authors: Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Department of Pathology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), 65080-805, São Luís, Brazil.
authors: Rosane Nassar Meireles
authors: RN
authors: Guerra
authors: Department of Parasitology, Laboratory of Experimental Immunoparasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Claudio Romero Farias
authors: CR
authors: Marinho
authors: Laboratory of Biotechnology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz Rondônia), 76812-245, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.|Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz-Ceará), 60175-047, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Nicolete
authors: Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Department of Pathology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), 65080-805, São Luís, Brazil. nascimentofrf@yahoo.com.br.
authors: Flávia Raquel Fernandes
authors: FR
authors: Nascimento
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027464:Chenopodium ambrosioides / Q000737:chemistry*; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000469:parasitology; D006801:Humans; D008288:Malaria / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018512:Parasitemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D010962:Plasmodium berghei / Q000187:drug effects*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects*; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002738:Chloroquine
keywords: Chenopodium ambrosioides; Malaria; Plasmodium; Treatment