title: Developmental profile of select immune cells in mice infected with Trichinella spiralis during the intestinal phase.
abstract: Trichinella spiralis can cause immunosuppression during the intestinal phase of early infection. However, changes in the peripheral blood during T. spiralis early infection remain unclear. Here, select immune cells in mice infected with 500 muscle larvae (ML) of T. spiralis during the intestinal phase of infection were studied. First, the recovery rates of the intestinal worms and female fecundity were determined, and the results showed that the intestinal worms were completely eliminated at 17 days post-infection (dpi) and that large numbers of new-born larvae (NBL) were generated from 5 to 9dpi. Using flow cytometry, it was shown that the number of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells increased over the entire intestinal phase, except on 7dpi when CD4+ T cells decreased significantly compared to the control groups. Although both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells increased, CD8+ T cells increased more than CD4+ T cells, leading to a lower CD4+/CD8+ ratio compared to the control group. Subsequently, a depression of the proliferative response of T cells to concanavalin A (Con A) was noticed at 7 and 11dpi. Although the proliferative response of B cells to LPS was enhanced, the number of B cells from mouse peripheral blood stimulated by T. spiralis antigens showed no differences with the control group prior to 11dpi. The expression of CD14 on monocyte-macrophages decreased during the same period, which meant that the antigen-presenting response was reduced in the immune system of the infected mice. Moreover, the alternatively activated macrophages were induced in T. spiralis early infection. These data provide a better understanding of the development of the intestinal immune response in mice infected with T. spiralis.
authors: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Ding
authors: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors: X
authors: X
authors: Bai
authors: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors: X L
authors: XL
authors: Wang
authors: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
authors: Y F
authors: YF
authors: Wang
authors: Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital East, USA.
authors: H N
authors: HN
authors: Shi
authors: Animal Parasitic Disease Laboratory, USDA, Building 1180, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Rosenthal
authors: ANSES, Laboratory for Animal Health, Maisons Alfort, France.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Boireau
authors: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, Jilin University, Changchun, China. Electronic address: lvy.2001@163.com.
authors: X P
authors: XP
authors: Wu
authors: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China. Electronic address: liumy@jlu.edu.cn.
authors: M Y
authors: MY
authors: Liu
authors: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, Key Laboratory for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonoses, Jilin University, Changchun, China. Electronic address: liuxlei@163.com.
authors: X L
authors: XL
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000469:parasitology*; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology; D017160:Trichinella spiralis / Q000502:physiology*; D014235:Trichinellosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger
keywords: B cells; CD4+/CD8+ ratio; Immune response; Macrophages; T cells; Trichinella spiralis