title: A 3D Toolbox to Enhance Physiological Relevance of Human Tissue Models.
abstract: We discuss the current challenges and future prospects of flow-based organoid models and 3D self-assembling scaffolds. The existing paradigm of 3D culture suffers from a lack of control over organoid size and shape; can be an obstacle for cell harvesting and extended cellular and molecular analysis; and does not provide access to the function of exocrine glands. Moreover, existing organ-on-chip models are mostly composed of 2D extracellular matrix (ECM)-coated elastomeric membranes that do not mimic real organ architectures. A new comprehensive 3D toolbox for cell biology has emerged to address some of these issues. Advances in microfabrication and cell-culturing approaches enable the engineering of sophisticated models that mimic organ 3D architectures and physiological conditions, while supporting flow-based drug screening and secretomics-based diagnosis.
authors: CEA, BIG, BGE, F-38054 Grenoble, France; University Grenoble-Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France; INSERM, U1038, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
authors: Nathalie
authors: N
authors: Picollet-D'hahan
authors: CEA, BIG, BGE, F-38054 Grenoble, France; University Grenoble-Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France; INSERM, U1038, F-38054 Grenoble, France.
authors: Monika E
authors: ME
authors: Dolega
authors: TIMC-IMAG/CNRS UMR 5525, F-38041 Grenoble, France; University Grenoble-Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
authors: Lavinia
authors: L
authors: Liguori
authors: University Lyon 1-CNRS 5246 ICBMS, F-69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex, France.
authors: Christophe
authors: C
authors: Marquette
authors: Applied Microfluidics for Bioengineering Research (AMBER), MESA+Institute for Nanotechnology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors: Séverine
authors: S
authors: Le Gac
authors: CEA, BIG, BGE, F-38054 Grenoble, France; University Grenoble-Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France; INSERM, U1038, F-38054 Grenoble, France. Electronic address: xavier.gidrol@cea.fr.
authors: Xavier
authors: X
authors: Gidrol
authors: TIMC-IMAG/CNRS UMR 5525, F-38041 Grenoble, France; University Grenoble-Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France. Electronic address: don.martin@imag.fr.
authors: Donald K
authors: DK
authors: Martin
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005109:Extracellular Matrix; D006801:Humans; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques; D008954:Models, Biological; D009940:Organoids; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
keywords: 3D models; 3D scaffolds; microfluidics; microtechnologies; organs-on-chip