title: Post-translocational adaptation drives evolution through genetic selection and transcriptional shift in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: Adaptation by natural selection might improve the fitness of an organism and its probability to survive in unfavorable environmental conditions. Decoding the genetic basis of adaptive evolution is one of the great challenges to deal with. To this purpose, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been largely investigated because of its short division time, excellent aneuploidy tolerance and the availability of the complete sequence of its genome with a thorough genome database. In the past, we developed a system, named bridge-induced translocation, to trigger specific, non-reciprocal translocations, exploiting the endogenous recombination system of budding yeast. This technique allows users to generate a heterogeneous population of cells with different aneuploidies and increased phenotypic variation. In this work, we demonstrate that ad hoc chromosomal translocations might induce adaptation, fostering selection of thermo-tolerant yeast strains with improved phenotypic fitness. This "yeast eugenomics" correlates with a shift to enhanced expression of genes involved in stress response, heat shock as well as carbohydrate metabolism. We propose that the bridge-induced translocation is a suitable approach to generate adapted, physiologically boosted strains for biotechnological applications.
authors: Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Polje 42, 6310, Izola, Slovenia. vrftosato@hotmail.com.|Yeast Molecular Genetics, ICGEB, AREA Science Park, Padriciano, 99, 34149, Trieste, Italy. vrftosato@hotmail.com.
authors: Valentina
authors: V
authors: Tosato
authors: Department of Chromosome Biology, Max Perutz Laboratories, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria.
authors: Jason
authors: J
authors: Sims
authors: Yeast Molecular Genetics, ICGEB, AREA Science Park, Padriciano, 99, 34149, Trieste, Italy.|Clinical Pathology, Maggiore Hospital, Piazza dell' Ospitale 2, 34125, Trieste, Italy.
authors: Nicole
authors: N
authors: West
authors: Yeast Molecular Genetics, ICGEB, AREA Science Park, Padriciano, 99, 34149, Trieste, Italy.
authors: Martina
authors: M
authors: Colombin
authors: Yeast Molecular Genetics, ICGEB, AREA Science Park, Padriciano, 99, 34149, Trieste, Italy.|Genetics Division, Department of Cell Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
authors: Carlo V
authors: CV
authors: Bruschi
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics*; D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal / Q000235:genetics*; D056084:Genetic Fitness; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018869:Heat-Shock Response / Q000235:genetics; D008957:Models, Genetic; D010641:Phenotype; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
keywords: Adaptation; Bridge-induced translocation (BIT); Evolution; Genetic selection; Yeast