title: Impaired executive control and reward circuit in Internet gaming addicts under a delay discounting task: independent component analysis.
abstract: This study utilized independent component analysis to explore the abnormal functional connectivity (FC) in male participants with Internet gaming disorder (IGD). Functional magnetic resonance imaging and behavioral data were collected from 21 healthy controls (HC) and 18 IGD patients when they were performing a delay discounting task. Behavioral results revealed that the IGD patients showed higher delay discounting rates than HC. Two networks were found to be associated with IGD: (1) the executive control network containing the anterior cingulate cortex and the medial and superior frontal gyrus, and (2) the basal ganglia network containing the lentiform nucleus. Comparing to HC, IGD exhibited stronger FC when selecting small and now options. In addition, the delay discounting rates were positively correlated with the modulation of the two networks and the reaction time. The results suggested that the IGD patients have enhanced sensitivity to reward and decreased ability to control their impulsivity effectively, which leads to myopic decision making.
authors: Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
authors: Yifan
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany.
authors: Lingdan
authors: L
authors: Wu
authors: Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
authors: Hongli
authors: H
authors: Zhou
authors: Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Xiao
authors: X
authors: Lin
authors: Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
authors: Yifen
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Department of Physics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors: Xiaoxia
authors: X
authors: Du
authors: Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China. dongguangheng@zjnu.edu.cn.
authors: Guangheng
authors: G
authors: Dong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D065786:Delay Discounting / Q000502:physiology*; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D020407:Internet; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C464502:Arl6ip5 protein, mouse; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins
keywords: Decision making; Delay discounting task; Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Independent component analysis; Internet gaming disorder