title: Characteristic calcaneal ossification: an additional early radiographic finding in infants with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We have clinically encountered children with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva who had abnormal calcaneal ossification.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether calcaneal ossification variants are significant radiographic findings in children with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lateral feet radiographs in nine children who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva were reviewed. The studies were obtained during infancy or early childhood.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen lateral foot radiographs of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva were available for this study (ages at examination: 1-104 months). Four children ages 2 months to 11 months showed double calcaneal ossification centers; 7 children had plantar calcaneal spurs that decreased in size with age. Overall, eight of nine children with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva demonstrated double calcaneal ossifications and/or plantar calcaneal spurs in infancy or childhood.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Double calcaneal ossification centers in early infancy and plantar calcaneal spurs in childhood are frequently seen in children with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva and may be a useful radiologic indicator for early diagnosis.
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
authors: Sachi
authors: S
authors: Hasegawa
authors: Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors: Teresa
authors: T
authors: Victoria
authors: Medical Genetics Department, Koç University School of Medicine (KUSOM), İstanbul, Turkey.
authors: Hülya
authors: H
authors: Kayserili
authors: Department of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors: Elaine
authors: E
authors: Zackai
authors: The Research Committee on Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Gen
authors: G
authors: Nishimura
authors: The Research Committee on Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Nobuhiko
authors: N
authors: Haga
authors: The Research Committee on Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Yasuharu
authors: Y
authors: Nakashima
authors: The Research Committee on Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Osamu
authors: O
authors: Miyazaki
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan. hkitoh@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp.|The Research Committee on Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva, Tokyo, Japan. hkitoh@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp.
authors: Hiroshi
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6271-1586
authors: H
authors: Kitoh
mesh_terms: D002111:Calcaneus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009221:Myositis Ossificans / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*
keywords: Calcaneal spur; Children; Double calcaneal ossification center; Early diagnosis; Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva; Radiography