title: Maximum Urine Flow Rate of Less than 15ml/Sec Increasing Risk of Urine Retention and Prostate Surgery among Patients with Alpha-1 Blockers: A 10-Year Follow Up Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to determine the subsequent risk of acute urine retention and prostate surgery in patients receiving alpha-1 blockers treatment and having a maximum urinary flow rate of less than 15ml/sec.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified patients who were diagnosed with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and had a maximum uroflow rate of less than 15ml/sec between 1 January, 2002 to 31 December, 2011 from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database into study group (n = 303). The control cohort included four BPH/LUTS patients without 5ARI used for each study group, randomly selected from the same dataset (n = 1,212). Each patient was monitored to identify those who subsequently developed prostate surgery and acute urine retention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prostate surgery and acute urine retention are detected in 5.9% of control group and 8.3% of study group during 10-year follow up. Compared with the control group, there was increase in the risk of prostate surgery and acute urine retention in the study group (HR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.16 to 2.91) after adjusting for age, comorbidities, geographic region and socioeconomic status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maximum urine flow rate of less than 15ml/sec is a risk factor of urinary retention and subsequent prostate surgery in BPH patients receiving alpha-1 blocker therapy. This result can provide a reference for clinicians.
authors: Department of Urology, Taichung Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan.|School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualian, Taiwan.
authors: Hsin-Ho
authors: HH
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Urology, Taichung Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan.|School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualian, Taiwan.
authors: Tsung-Hsun
authors: TH
authors: Tsai
authors: Department of Urology, Taichung Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan.|School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualian, Taiwan.
authors: Shang-Sen
authors: SS
authors: Lee
authors: Department of Research, Taichung Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Yu-Hung
authors: YH
authors: Kuo
authors: Department of Urology, Taichung Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan.|School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualian, Taiwan.|Department of Research, Taichung Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors: Tengfu
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0535-7239
authors: T
authors: Hsieh
mesh_terms: D058668:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011467:Prostate / Q000601:surgery*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D012307:Risk Factors; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D058668:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists