title: An integrated electrophoretic mobility control device with split design for signal improvement in liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis of aminoglycosides using a heptafluorobutyric acid containing mobile phase.
abstract: Electrophoretic mobility control (EMC) was used to alleviate the adverse effect of the ion-pairing agent heptafluorobutyric acid (HFBA) in the liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) analysis of aminoglycosides. Aminoglycosides separated by LC were directed to a connecting column before their detection via ESI. Applying an electric field across the connecting column caused the positively charged aminoglycosides to migrate toward the mass spectrometer whereas the HFBA anions remained in the junction reservoir, thus alleviating the ion suppression caused by HFBA. To accommodate the flow rate of a narrow-bore column, minimize the effect of electrophoretic mobility on separation, and facilitate the operation, an integrated EMC device with a split design was fabricated. With the proposed EMC device, the signals of aminoglycosides were enhanced by a factor of 5-85 without affecting the separation efficiency or elution order. For the analysis of aminoglycosides in bovine milk, the proposed approach demonstrates a sensitivity that is at least 10 times below the maximum residue limits set by most countries.
authors: Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Sih-Hua
authors: SH
authors: Hung
authors: Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Meng-Ju
authors: MJ
authors: Yu
authors: Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Nan-Hsuan
authors: NH
authors: Wang
authors: Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Ren-Yu
authors: RY
authors: Hsu
authors: Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Kainan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors: Guor-Jien
authors: GJ
authors: Wei
authors: Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: grher@ntu.edu.tw.
authors: Guor-Rong
authors: GR
authors: Her
mesh_terms: D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004586:Electrophoresis; D004867:Equipment Design; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000737:chemistry*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D005466:Fluorocarbons; C033094:perfluorobutyric acid
keywords: Aminoglycoside; Electrophoretic mobility control; Heptafluorobutyric acid; Ion pairing agent