title: Impact of thermo-chemo-sonic pretreatment in solubilizing waste activated sludge for biogas production: Energetic analysis and economic assessment.
abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the impact of solubilization during thermo-chemo-sonic pretreatment of waste activated sludge (WAS) on anaerobic biodegradability and cost for biogas production. The results revealed that it was possible to achieve 40-50% of solubilization of WAS when ultrasonic energy input was doubled (11,520-27,000kJ/kgTS). The cost to achieve 30-35% of solubilization of WAS was calculated to be 0.22-0.24USD/L, which was relatively lower than the cost of 0.53-0.8USD/L when 40-50% of solubilisation of WAS was achieved. There was no significant difference in biodegradability (0.60-0.64gCOD/gCOD) for samples with solubilization efficiency of 35-50%. Comparing energetic balance and economic assessment of samples with different solubilization percentages, the results showed that samples with 30-35% of solubilization had lower net cost (7.98-2.33USD/Ton of sludge) and negative energy balance compared to samples with other percentages of solubilization.
authors: Department of Civil Engineering, Regional Centre of Anna University, Tirunelveli, India.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Kavitha
authors: Department of Civil Engineering, Regional Centre of Anna University, Tirunelveli, India. Electronic address: rajeshces@gmail.com.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Rajesh Banu
authors: Department of Civil Engineering, Regional Centre of Anna University, Tirunelveli, India.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Subitha
authors: Department of Civil Engineering, Regional Centre of Anna University, Tirunelveli, India.
authors: U
authors: U
authors: Ushani
authors: Graduate School of Water Resource, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.
authors: Ick Tae
authors: IT
authors: Yeom
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental / Q000528:radiation effects*; D056804:Biofuels; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility / Q000528:radiation effects; D013010:Sonication
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D012722:Sewage
keywords: Biodegradability; Energetic analysis; Solubilization; Specific energy; Thermo-chemo-sonic pretreatment