title: Proposed cut-off value of the intrahepatic lipid content for metabolically normal persons assessed by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in a Japanese population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the threshold intrahepatic lipid (IHL) content separating metabolically normal from abnormal in a Japanese population based on proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 305 Japanese subjects aged 20-69years were investigated. The subjects underwent general examination, blood tests, and (1)H-MRS of the liver after an overnight fast. They completed a questionnaire about daily drinking habits and their daily alcohol intake was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median IHL content was 4.7% in men and 1.7% in women, and it increased along with the number of features of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The optimum IHL cut-off value for separating normal subjects from those with at least one feature of MetS was 6.5% in men (AUC of ROC: 0.727, 95%-CI: 0.649-0.804) and 1.8% in women (0.765, 0.685-0.844). Alcohol intake was not correlated with the IHL content according to multiple logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated a close association of IHL with features of MetS and identified IHL content cut-off values for metabolic normality in Japanese subjects.
authors: Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasushiobara, Japan.
authors: Fumiaki
authors: F
authors: Matsubara
authors: Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasushiobara, Japan. Electronic address: ynagai@marianna-u.ac.jp.
authors: Yoshio
authors: Y
authors: Nagai
authors: Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan; International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasushiobara, Japan.
authors: Hidekazu
authors: H
authors: Tsukiyama
authors: International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasushiobara, Japan.
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Shimizu
authors: International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasushiobara, Japan.
authors: Eigoro
authors: E
authors: Yamanouchi
authors: International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasushiobara, Japan.
authors: Teruaki
authors: T
authors: Iwamoto
authors: Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.
authors: Yukiyoshi
authors: Y
authors: Sada
authors: Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Kato
authors: Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.
authors: Akio
authors: A
authors: Ohta
authors: Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.
authors: Yasushi
authors: Y
authors: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids
keywords: Intrahepatic lipid content; Metabolic syndrome; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy