title: Aging Reduces an ERRalpha-Directed Mitochondrial Glutaminase Expression Suppressing Glutamine Anaplerosis and Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
abstract: Aging deteriorates osteogenic capacity of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), contributing to imbalanced bone remodeling and osteoporosis. Glutaminase (Gls) catabolizes glutamine into glutamate at the first step of mitochondrial glutamine (Gln)-dependent anaplerosis which is essential for MSCs upon osteogenic differentiation. Estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) regulates genes required for mitochondrial function. Here, we found that ERRα and Gls are upregulated by osteogenic induction in human MSCs (hMSCs). In contrast, osteogenic differentiation capacity and glutamine consumption of MSCs, as well as ERRα, Gls and osteogenic marker genes are significantly reduced with age. We demonstrated that ERRα binds to response elements on Gls promoter and affects glutamine anaplerosis through transcriptional induction of Gls. Conversely, mTOR inhibitor rapamycin, ERRα inverse agonist compound 29 or Gls inhibitor BPTES leads to reduced Gln anaplerosis and deteriorated osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. Importantly, overexpression of ERRα or Gls restored impairment by these inhibitors. Finally, we proved that compensated ERRα or Gls expression indeed potentiated Gln anaplerosis and osteogenic capability of elderly mice MSCs in vitro. Together, we establish that Gls is a novel ERRα target gene and ERRα/Gls signaling pathway plays an important role in osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, providing new sights into novel regenerative therapeutics development. Our findings suggest that restoring age-related mitochondrial Gln-dependent anaplerosis may be beneficial for degenerative bone disorders such as osteoporosis. Stem Cells 2017;35:411-424.
authors: National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.|Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
authors: Tongling
authors: T
authors: Huang
authors: National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.|Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
authors: Renzhong
authors: R
authors: Liu
authors: Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
authors: Xuekun
authors: X
authors: Fu
authors: National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors: Dongsheng
authors: D
authors: Yao
authors: Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
authors: Meng
authors: M
authors: Yang
authors: Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
authors: Qingli
authors: Q
authors: Liu
authors: Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.|Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors: William W
authors: WW
authors: Lu
authors: Department of Biology and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, China.|Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors: Chuanyue
authors: C
authors: Wu
authors: Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Guan
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000473:pathology; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000235:genetics; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D016922:Cellular Senescence; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005972:Glutaminase / Q000378:metabolism*; D005973:Glutamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D010012:Osteogenesis; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011485:Protein Binding; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D000097983:ERRalpha Estrogen-Related Receptor
chemical_list: D005972:Glutaminase; D005973:Glutamine; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D000097983:ERRalpha Estrogen-Related Receptor
keywords: Aging; ERRalpha; Glutaminase; Mesenchymal stem cells; Osteogenic differentiation