title: Environmental influences on reproductive health: the importance of chemical exposures.
abstract: Chemical exposures during pregnancy can have a profound and life-long impact on human health. Because of the omnipresence of chemicals in our daily life, there is continuous contact with chemicals in food, water, air, and consumer products. Consequently, human biomonitoring studies show that pregnant women around the globe are exposed to a variety of chemicals. In this review we provide a summary of current data on maternal and fetal exposure, as well as health consequences from these exposures. We review several chemical classes, including polychlorinated biphenyls, perfluoroalkyl substances, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, phenols, phthalates, pesticides, and metals. Additionally, we discuss environmental disparities and vulnerable populations, and future research directions. We conclude by providing some recommendations for prevention of chemical exposure and its adverse reproductive health consequences.
authors: Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors: Aolin
authors: A
authors: Wang
authors: Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors: Amy
authors: A
authors: Padula
authors: Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
authors: Marina
authors: M
authors: Sirota
authors: Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California. Electronic address: Tracey.Woodruff@ucsf.edu.
authors: Tracey J
authors: TJ
authors: Woodruff
mesh_terms: D001822:Body Burden; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D018812:Paternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D064186:Prenatal Education; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D060728:Reproductive Health; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004785:Environmental Pollutants
keywords: Chemical; environmental chemical; environmental exposure; pregnancy; reproductive health