title: The evaluation of the caveolin-1 and AT-rich interactive domain 1 alpha expressions in uterine smooth muscle tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This retrospective study was designed to evaluate the importance of tissue expressions of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and AT-rich interactive domain 1 alpha (ARID-1A) which are known as signal regulator and tumor suppressor in differential diagnosis of uterine smooth muscle tumors (SMTs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients recently diagnosed as uterine SMTs at the Tepecik Training and Research Hospital were identified using pathology databases. Immunohistochemical stains for Cav-1 and ARID-1A were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this series, there were 10 leiomyosarcomas (LMSs), 10 uterine smooth muscle tumors of uncertain malignant potentials (STUMPs), and 10 leiomyomas (LMs). Cav-1 expression located cytoplasmic or perivascular area. Cytoplasmic Cav-1 expression was determined in 5 LMSs and 2 STUMPs while perivascular Cav-1 expression was determined in 9 LMSs and 2 STUMPs. Statistically, it was determined that if the tumor becomes malignant and more invasive, it gains the perivascular Cav-1 expression (P = 0.029). On the other hand, the mean nuclear staining rate for ARID-1A in LMSs (63 ± 23.4%) was higher than both STUMPs (60 ± 18.5%) and LMs (34.5 ± 16.5%). Statistically, it was determined that the expression of ARID-1A was significantly downregulated in LMs when compared with STUMPs and LMSs (P = 0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings were demonstrated that perivascular Cav-1 expression was seen to be a marker for malignancy of uterine SMTs. Similarly, we found to link of ARID-1A expression and the aggressiveness of SMTs. Therefore, it may be suggested that Cav-1 and ARID-1A may act as predictive biomarkers in uterine SMTs.
authors: Pathology Laboratory, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors: Duygu
authors: D
authors: Ayaz
authors: Pathology Laboratory, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors: Gulden
authors: G
authors: Diniz
authors: Pathology Laboratory, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors: Dudu Solakoglu
authors: DS
authors: Kahraman
authors: Pathology Laboratory, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors: Sevil
authors: S
authors: Sayhan
authors: Pathology Laboratory, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors: Melek
authors: M
authors: Uncel
authors: Pathology Laboratory, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors: Tugba
authors: T
authors: Karadeniz
authors: Gynecologic Oncology Clinics, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
authors: Muzaffer
authors: M
authors: Sanci
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D051242:Caveolin 1 / Q000032:analysis*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018235:Smooth Muscle Tumor / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis*; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C112476:ARID1A protein, human; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051242:Caveolin 1; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors