title: Treatment attrition: Associations with negative affect smoking motives and barriers to quitting among treatment-seeking smokers.
abstract: Pre-treatment attrition and perceived barriers for quitting are clinically important processes involved in early phases of quitting smoking. However, less is known about the constructs that may contribute to these processes such as negative affect reduction smoking motives.
  
  
  
  The current study sought to evaluate the relation between negative affect reduction smoking motives and pre-treatment attrition and perceived barriers for quitting in a sample of 425 treatment-seeking smokers (48.5% female; Mage=37.69 years; SD=13.61) enrolled in a smoking cessation study examining the efficacy of a transdiagnostic panic-smoking cessation treatment relative to a standard smoking cessation treatment.
  
  
  
  Results indicated that greater negative affect reduction smoking motives was associated with an increased likelihood of treatment initiation (odds ratio=1.49, CI: 1.09, 2.04). Additionally, negative affect reduction smoking motives was associated with greater perceived barriers for cessation among pre-treatment drop-outs and treatment initiators.
  
  
  
  This initial investigation provides evidence for the possible clinical utility in addressing negative affect reduction smoking motives during early stages of quitting. Additionally, such findings could potentially inform the development of personalized, early stages of quitting interventions for smoking cessation.
authors: Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States.
authors: Lorra
authors: L
authors: Garey
authors: Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States.
authors: Brooke Y
authors: BY
authors: Kauffman
authors: Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States.
authors: Clayton
authors: C
authors: Neighbors
authors: Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States.
authors: Norman B
authors: NB
authors: Schmidt
authors: Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States; Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States. Electronic address: mjzvolen@central.uh.edu.
authors: Michael J
authors: MJ
authors: Zvolensky
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000074285:Smokers / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Barriers to quitting; Motives; Negative affect; Smoking; Treatment attrition