title: Single mode waveguide platform for spontaneous and surface-enhanced on-chip Raman spectroscopy.
abstract: We review an on-chip approach for spontaneous Raman spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy based on evanescent excitation of the analyte as well as evanescent collection of the Raman signal using complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible single mode waveguides. The signal is either directly collected from the analyte molecules or via plasmonic nanoantennas integrated on top of the waveguides. Flexibility in the design of the geometry of the waveguide, and/or the geometry of the antennas, enables optimization of the collection efficiency. Furthermore, the sensor can be integrated with additional functionality (sources, detectors, spectrometers) on the same chip. In this paper, the basic theoretical concepts are introduced to identify the key design parameters, and some proof-of-concept experimental results are reviewed.
authors: Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Photonics Research Group, University of Ghent-imec, Ghent, Belgium; Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors: Ashim
authors: 0000-0003-3025-9809
authors: A
authors: Dhakal
authors: Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Photonics Research Group, University of Ghent-imec, Ghent, Belgium; Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors: Frédéric
authors: F
authors: Peyskens
authors: Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Photonics Research Group, University of Ghent-imec, Ghent, Belgium; Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors: Stéphane
authors: S
authors: Clemmen
authors: Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Photonics Research Group, University of Ghent-imec, Ghent, Belgium; Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Raza
authors: Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Photonics Research Group, University of Ghent-imec, Ghent, Belgium; Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors: Pieter
authors: P
authors: Wuytens
authors: Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Photonics Research Group, University of Ghent-imec, Ghent, Belgium; Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors: Haolan
authors: H
authors: Zhao
authors: Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Photonics Research Group, University of Ghent-imec, Ghent, Belgium; Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors: Nicolas
authors: N
authors: Le Thomas
authors: Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Photonics Research Group, University of Ghent-imec, Ghent, Belgium; Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors: Roel
authors: R
authors: Baets
keywords: Raman spectroscopy; laboratory on a chip; silicon photonics; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy; waveguides