title: Ingenol Mebutate for Lentigo Maligna: A Case Report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lentigo maligna (LM) is a melanoma in situ on sun-damaged skin, with a strong predilection to the head and neck area of the elderly. Many therapeutic modalities have been proposed in the treatment of this pathology, including surgery, cryotherapy, radiotherapy and topical imiquimod. Up to date surgical excision remains the treatment of choice with the lowest recurrence rate. Recently, a new topical treatment with ingenol mebutate has been described to be efficacious and well tolerated in the treatment of melanoma in situ.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to demonstrate that ingenol mebutate might be an efficacious and well-tolerated treatment in a patient suffering from LM on an aesthetically challenging location.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After therapeutic failure with imiquimod 5% cream, a new topical treatment with ingenol mebutate gel 0.015% once daily on 3 consecutive days was initiated. Despite visible inflammation, no macroscopic lesion clearance was observed. While the first follow-up using reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) performed at 6 weeks after the completion of the therapy showed no signs of LM, the second follow-up examination at 12 weeks using RCM and biopsy confirmed recurrence of the lesion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ingenol mebutate cannot be considered a standard treatment modality for all types of LM. Further studies are needed to evaluate the prerequisites that can ensure therapeutic success.
authors: Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors: Karolina
authors: K
authors: Gadaldi
authors: Laurence
authors: L
authors: Feldmeyer
authors: Nikhil
authors: N
authors: Yawalkar
authors: Robert E
authors: RE
authors: Hunger
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018327:Hutchinson's Melanotic Freckle / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: C486592:3-ingenyl angelate; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004224:Diterpenes