title: Epigenetic control of exercise training-induced cardiac hypertrophy bymiR-208.
abstract: Aerobic exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is a physiological response involving accurate orchestration of gene and protein expression of contractile and metabolic components. The microRNAs:miR-208a,miR-208bandmiR-499are each encoded by a myosin gene and thus are also known as 'MyomiRs', regulating several mRNA targets that in turn regulate CH and metabolic pathways. To understand the role of myomiRs in the fine-tuning of cardiac myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform expression by exercise training-induced physiological hypertrophy, Wistar rats were subjected to two different swim training protocols. We observed that high-volume swim training (T2), improved cardiac diastolic function, induced CH and decreased the expression ofmiR-208aandmiR-208bConsequently, the increased expression of their targets, sex determining region y-related transcription factor 6 (Sox6), Med13, Purβ, specificity proteins (Sp)/Krüppel-like transcription factor 3 (SP3) and HP1β (heterochromatin protein 1β) was more prominent in T2, thus converging to modulate cardiac metabolic and contractile adaptation by exercise training, with an improvement in the α-MHC/β-MHC ratio, bypassing the increase in PPARβ and histone deacetylase (HDAC) class I and II regulation. Altogether, we conclude that high-volume swim training finely assures physiological cardiac remodelling by epigenetic regulation of myomiRs, because inhibition ofmiR-208aandmiR-208bincreases the expression of their target proteins and stimulates the interaction among metabolic, contractile and epigenetic genes.
authors: Department of Biodynamics of Human Movement, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, CEP 05508-030, Brazil.
authors: Ursula Paula Renó
authors: UPR
authors: Soci
authors: Department of Biodynamics of Human Movement, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, CEP 05508-030, Brazil.
authors: Tiago
authors: T
authors: Fernandes
authors: Department of Physiological Sciences, Biomedical Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, CEP 29075-910, Brazil.
authors: Valerio Garrone
authors: VG
authors: Barauna
authors: Department of Biodynamics of Human Movement, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, CEP 05508-030, Brazil.
authors: Nara Yumi
authors: NY
authors: Hashimoto
authors: Department of Biodynamics of Human Movement, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, CEP 05508-030, Brazil.
authors: Gloria
authors: G
authors: de Fátima Alves Mota
authors: Department of Biodynamics of Human Movement, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, CEP 05508-030, Brazil.|Department of Physiological Sciences, Biomedical Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, CEP 29075-910, Brazil.|Heart Institute (InCor), Laboratory of Hypertension, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, CEP 05403-900, Brazil.|Keck Graduate Institute, Center for Rare Disease Therapies, Laboratory of Stem Cells, Claremont, CA 91711, U.S.A.
authors: Kaleizu Teodoro
authors: KT
authors: Rosa
authors: Department of Biodynamics of Human Movement, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, CEP 05508-030, Brazil.|Department of Physiological Sciences, Biomedical Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, CEP 29075-910, Brazil.|Heart Institute (InCor), Laboratory of Hypertension, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, CEP 05403-900, Brazil.|Keck Graduate Institute, Center for Rare Disease Therapies, Laboratory of Stem Cells, Claremont, CA 91711, U.S.A.
authors: Maria Claudia
authors: MC
authors: Irigoyen
authors: Keck Graduate Institute, Center for Rare Disease Therapies, Laboratory of Stem Cells, Claremont, CA 91711, U.S.A.
authors: Michael Ian
authors: MI
authors: Philips
authors: Department of Biodynamics of Human Movement, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, CEP 05508-030, Brazil edilamar@usp.br.
authors: Edilamar Menezes
authors: EM
authors: de Oliveira
keywords: Cardiovascular system; RNA; aerobic training; cardiac hypertrophy; myomiRs