title: Systematic review of interventions for depression and anxiety in persons with inflammatory bowel disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Depression and anxiety are common in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and can affect disease outcomes, including quality of life and success of disease treatment. Successful management of psychiatric comorbidities may improve outcomes, though the effectiveness of existing treatments in IBD is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched multiple online databases from inception until March 25, 2015, without restrictions on language, date, or location of publication. We included controlled clinical trials conducted in persons with IBD and depression or anxiety. Two independent reviewers reviewed all abstracts and full-text articles and extracted information including trial and participant characteristics. We also assessed the risk of bias.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 768 unique abstracts, we included one trial of pharmacological anxiety treatment in IBD (48 participants), which found an improvement in anxiety symptoms (p < 0.001). There was a high risk of bias in this trial. We found no controlled clinical trials on the treatment of depression in persons with IBD and depression and no controlled clinical trials reporting on psychological interventions for anxiety or depression in IBD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Only one trial examined an intervention for anxiety in adults with IBD and no trials studied depression in adults with IBD. The level of evidence is low because of the risk of bias and limited evidence.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, R3A1R9, Canada. kfiest@hsc.mb.ca.|Health Sciences Centre, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, MB, R3A 1R9, Canada. kfiest@hsc.mb.ca.
authors: Kirsten M
authors: KM
authors: Fiest
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, R3A1R9, Canada.
authors: Charles N
authors: CN
authors: Bernstein
authors: Department of Clinical Health Psychology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 771 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, R3E3N4, Canada.
authors: John R
authors: JR
authors: Walker
authors: Department of Clinical Health Psychology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 771 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, R3E3N4, Canada.
authors: Lesley A
authors: LA
authors: Graff
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, R3A1R9, Canada.
authors: Carol A
authors: CA
authors: Hitchon
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, R3A1R9, Canada.
authors: Christine A
authors: CA
authors: Peschken
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, R3A1R9, Canada.|George and Fay Yee Centre for Health Care Innovation, University of Manitoba, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, R3A1R9, Canada.
authors: Ryan
authors: R
authors: Zarychanski
authors: George and Fay Yee Centre for Health Care Innovation, University of Manitoba, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, R3A1R9, Canada.
authors: Ahmed
authors: A
authors: Abou-Setta
authors: Departments of Community Health Sciences and Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, T2N4Z6, Canada.
authors: Scott B
authors: SB
authors: Patten
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 771 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, R3E3N4, Canada.
authors: Jitender
authors: J
authors: Sareen
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 771 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, R3E3N4, Canada.
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Bolton
authors: Department of Family Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 770 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, R3E0W3, Canada.
authors: Alexander
authors: A
authors: Singer
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, R3A1R9, Canada.|Department of Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, R3A1R9, Canada.
authors: Ruth Ann
authors: RA
authors: Marrie
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D017594:Publication Bias; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Inflammatory bowel disease; Systematic review