title: Plant-crafted starches for bioplastics production.
abstract: Transgenically-produced amylose-only (AO) starch was used to manufacture bioplastic prototypes. Extruded starch samples were tested for crystal residues, elasticity, glass transition temperature, mechanical properties, molecular mass and microstructure. The AO starch granule crystallinity was both of the B- and Vh-type, while the isogenic control starch was mainly A-type. The first of three endothermic transitions was attributed to gelatinization at about 60°C. The second and third peaks were identified as melting of the starch and amylose-lipid complexes, respectively. After extrusion, the AO samples displayed Vh- and B-type crystalline structures, the B-type polymorph being the dominant one. The AO prototypes demonstrated a 6-fold higher mechanical stress at break and 2.5-fold higher strain at break compared to control starch. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed a significant increase in the storage modulus (E') for AO samples compared to the control. The data support the use of pure starch-based bioplastics devoid of non-polysaccharide fillers.
authors: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
authors: Domenico
authors: D
authors: Sagnelli
authors: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, Forsøgsvej 1, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark.
authors: Kim H
authors: KH
authors: Hebelstrup
authors: UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44316 Nantes, France.
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Leroy
authors: UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44316 Nantes, France.
authors: Agnès
authors: A
authors: Rolland-Sabaté
authors: UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44316 Nantes, France.
authors: Sophie
authors: S
authors: Guilois
authors: Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors: Jacob J K
authors: JJK
authors: Kirkensgaard
authors: Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors: Kell
authors: K
authors: Mortensen
authors: UR1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, INRA, F-44316 Nantes, France.
authors: Denis
authors: D
authors: Lourdin
authors: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Electronic address: abl@plen.ku.dk.
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Blennow
mesh_terms: D000688:Amylose / Q000737:chemistry*; D063566:Biodegradable Plastics / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000737:chemistry*; D001467:Hordeum / Q000737:chemistry*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D063566:Biodegradable Plastics; D000688:Amylose; D005990:Glycerol
keywords: Amylose; Bioplastics; Crystallinity; Mechanics; Rheology; Thermoplastic starch