title: Food avoidance in athletes: FODMAP foods on the list.
abstract: We surveyed 910 athletes to assess behaviours towards self-selected food/ingredient avoidance to minimize gastrointestinal distress. Fifty-five percent eliminated at least 1 high fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) food/category, with up to 82.6% reporting symptom improvement. In athletes indicating that high FODMAP foods trigger gastrointestinal symptoms, lactose (86.5%) was most frequently eliminated, followed by galactooligosaccharides (23.9%), fructose (23.0%), fructans (6.2%), and polyols (5.4%). Athletes avoid predominantly lactose and to a lesser extent other high FODMAP foods to reduce gastrointestinal distress.
authors: a Sport Performance Optimisation Research Team, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Locked Bag 1322, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia.
authors: Dana
authors: D
authors: Lis
authors: a Sport Performance Optimisation Research Team, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Locked Bag 1322, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia.
authors: Kiran D K
authors: KD
authors: Ahuja
authors: a Sport Performance Optimisation Research Team, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Locked Bag 1322, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia.|b Canadian Sports Institute - Pacific, Victoria, BC V9E 2C5, Canada.
authors: Trent
authors: T
authors: Stellingwerff
authors: a Sport Performance Optimisation Research Team, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Locked Bag 1322, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia.
authors: Cecilia M
authors: CM
authors: Kitic
authors: a Sport Performance Optimisation Research Team, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Locked Bag 1322, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia.
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Fell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D056352:Athletes; D015331:Cohort Studies; D055050:Diet, Gluten-Free / Q000009:adverse effects; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D005502:Food / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000145:classification; D005630:Fructans / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005632:Fructose / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D007785:Lactose / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007787:Lactose Intolerance / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D057566:Self Report; D064133:Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D005630:Fructans; D005632:Fructose; D007785:Lactose
keywords: diet; diète; elimination; fructans; fructosanes; fructose; gastro-intestinal; gastrointestinal; lactose; élimination