title: Patient satisfaction is biased by renovations to the interior of a primary care office: a pretest-posttest assessment.
abstract: Measuring quality of care is essential to improve primary care. Quality of primary care for patients is usually assessed by patient satisfaction questionnaires. However, patients may not be able to judge quality of care without also reflecting their perception of the environment. We determined the effect that redesigning a primary care office had on patient satisfaction. We hypothesized that renovating the interior would make patients more satisfied with the quality of medical care.
  
  
  
  We performed a Pretest-Posttest analysis in a recently renovated single-practice primary care office in Grenchen, Switzerland. Before and after renovation, we distributed a questionnaire to assess patient satisfaction in four domains. We chose a Likert scale (1 = very poor to 6 = very good), and 12 quality indicators, and included two consecutive samples of patients presenting at the primary care office before (n = 153) and after (n = 153) interior design renovation.
  
  
  
  Response rate was high (overall 85 %). The sample was similar to the enlisted patient collective, but the sample population was older (60 years) than the collective (52 years). Patient satisfaction was higher for all domains after the office was renovated (p < 0.01-0.001). Results did not change when we included potential confounders in the multivariable model (p < 0.01).
  
  
  
  Renovating the interior of a primary care office was associated with improved patient satisfaction, including satisfaction in domains otherwise unchanged. Physician skills and patient satisfaction sometimes depend on surrounding factors that may bias the ability of patients to assess the quality of medical care. These biases should be taken into account when quality assessment instruments are designed for patients.
authors: Primary Care Office, Grenchen, Switzerland.
authors: Raphaël
authors: R
authors: Tièche
authors: Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Gesellschaftsstrasse 49, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.
authors: Bruno R
authors: BR
authors: da Costa
authors: Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Gesellschaftsstrasse 49, 3012, Bern, Switzerland. sven.streit@biham.unibe.ch.
authors: Sven
authors: 0000-0002-3813-4616
authors: S
authors: Streit
mesh_terms: D015982:Bias; D005160:Facility Design and Construction; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009819:Office Visits / Q000639:trends*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D017064:Process Assessment, Health Care; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013557:Switzerland
keywords: Patient satisfaction; Primary care; Quality of care; and Change of appearance