title: Lifestyle medicine curriculum for a preventive medicine residency program: implementation and outcomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The vast majority of the healthcare problems burdening our society today are caused by disease-promoting lifestyles (e.g., physical inactivity and unhealthy eating). Physicians report poor training and lack of confidence in counseling patients on lifestyle changes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate a new curriculum and rotation in lifestyle medicine for preventive medicine residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Training included didactics (six sessions/year), distance learning, educational conferences, and newly developed lifestyle medicine rotations at the Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, the Yale-Griffin Prevention Research Center, and the Integrative Medicine Center. We used a number of tools to assess residents' progress including Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs), self-assessments, and logs of personal health habits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 20 residents participated in the lifestyle medicine training between 2010 and 2013. There was a 15% increase in residents' discussions of lifestyle issues with their patients based on their baseline and follow-up surveys. The performance of preventive medicine residents on OSCEs increased each year they were in the program (average OSCE score: PGY1 73%, PGY2 83%, PGY3 87%, and PGY4 91%, p=0.01). Our internal medicine and preliminary residents served as a control, since they did participate in didactics but not in lifestyle medicine rotations. Internal medicine and preliminary residents who completed the same OSCEs had a slightly lower average score (76%) compared with plural for resident, preventive medicine residents (80%). However, this difference did not reach statistical significance (p=0.11).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Incorporating the lifestyle medicine curriculum is feasible for preventive medicine training allowing residents to improve their health behavior change discussions with patients as well as their own personal health habits.
authors: Department of Preventive Medicine, Griffin Hospital, Derby, CT, USA.|Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; hnawaz@griffinhealth.org.
authors: Haq
authors: H
authors: Nawaz
authors: Department of Preventive Medicine, Griffin Hospital, Derby, CT, USA.|Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors: Paul V
authors: PV
authors: Petraro
authors: Department of Preventive Medicine, Griffin Hospital, Derby, CT, USA.|Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors: Christina
authors: C
authors: Via
authors: Department of Preventive Medicine, Griffin Hospital, Derby, CT, USA.|Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors: Saif
authors: S
authors: Ullah
authors: Department of Preventive Medicine, Griffin Hospital, Derby, CT, USA.|Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors: Lionel
authors: L
authors: Lim
authors: Department of Preventive Medicine, Griffin Hospital, Derby, CT, USA.|Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors: Dorothea
authors: D
authors: Wild
authors: Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton, MA, USA.
authors: Mary
authors: M
authors: Kennedy
authors: Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton, MA, USA.
authors: Edward M
authors: EM
authors: Phillips
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003479:Curriculum; D000072001:Diet, Healthy; D020375:Education, Distance; D005260:Female; D006184:Habits; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000458:organization & administration*; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D018802:Patient-Centered Care; D010809:Physical Fitness; D010819:Physician's Role; D011315:Preventive Medicine / Q000193:education*; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy
keywords: lifestyle medicine; medical education; preventive medicine