title: Drug-Induced Extrapyramidal Syndromes: Implications for Contemporary Practice.
abstract: The development of drugs to treat psychosis is a fascinating nexus for understanding mechanisms underlying disorders of mind and movement. Although the risk of drug-induced extrapyramidal syndromes has been mitigated by the acceptance of less potent dopamine antagonists, expansive marketing and off-label use has increased the number of susceptible people who may be at risk for these neurologic effects. Clinicians need to be familiar with advances in diagnosis and management, which are reviewed herein. A better understanding of drug-induced effects on the motor circuit may improve patient safety, enhance antipsychotic effectiveness, and provide insights into mechanisms underlying antipsychotic activity in parallel brain circuits.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 300 Blockley Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: caroffs@mail.med.upenn.edu.
authors: Stanley N
authors: SN
authors: Caroff
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center-116A, University & Woodland Avenues, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors: E Cabrina
authors: EC
authors: Campbell
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents
keywords: Akathisia; Antipsychotic drugs; Catatonia; Dystonia; Neuroleptic malignant syndrome; Parkinsonism; Schizophrenia; Tardive dyskinesia