title: Follow up with HPV test and cytology as test of cure, 6 months after conization, is reliable.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is an objective marker with a high sensitivity for finding cervical dysplasia. The objective of the current study is to investigate whether HPV testing, combined with liquid-based cytology, is reliable as a test of cure after the loop electrical excision procedure (LEEP).
  
  
  METHODS
  The LEEP was performed in 330 women for excision of cervical dysplasia. Follow up consisted of HPV testing and liquid-based cytology at six, 12, and 36 months after treatment. Patients with negative co-testing after 6 months were re-examined after 3 years. Patients who tested positive for high-risk HPV and/or dysplasia were followed up 12 months postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 6 months, the co-testing was double negative in 169 of 260 tested cases (65%). A positive high-risk HPV test (n = 40) was associated with cytological abnormalities (p < 0.001). After 3 years, 227 of 275 examined cases (83%) co-tested negative, including 154 patients who had already tested negative at 6 months and 37 cases with viral clearance at 12 months. Of 26 patients with high-risk HPV at the 3-year follow up, six had LSIL findings on liquid-based cytology, but neither HSIL lesions nor glandular atypia or cervical cancer was found. A negative high-risk HPV test showed a negative predictive value for HSIL of 100% (95% CI 99.8-100%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Negative co-testing 6 months after LEEP can be considered a reliable test of cure as 3-year follow-up results are consistent with neither HSIL or cancer.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden. christine.asciutto@yahoo.com.
authors: Katrin Christine
authors: KC
authors: Asciutto
authors: Reproductive Medicine Center, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
authors: Emir
authors: E
authors: Henic
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
authors: Lotten
authors: L
authors: Darlin
authors: Department of Microbiology and Laboratory Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
authors: Ola
authors: O
authors: Forslund
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
authors: Christer
authors: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2267-8325
authors: C
authors: Borgfeldt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000359:Aftercare / Q000379:methods*; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000821:virology; D019092:Conization / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000821:virology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D014626:Vaginal Smears
keywords: Human papillomavirus; cervical cancer; cervical dysplasia; cervix; conization