title: Visceral leishmaniasis in a lung transplant recipient: usefulness of highly sensitive real-time polymerase chain reaction for preemptive diagnosis.
abstract: We report the case of a lung transplant recipient in whom the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was made by detection of parasites in a peripheral blood smear when the parasite load already reached 8.9 × 103parasites/mL. We demonstrated that the VL diagnosis could have been done months before the development of symptoms by the use of Leishmania-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), suggesting the role of preemptive PCR-based diagnosis in transplant recipients at risk for VL.
authors: Institute of Microbiology, University of Lausanne and University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Opota
authors: Pneumology Service, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: Z
authors: Z
authors: Balmpouzis
authors: Transplantation Center, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Berutto
authors: Hematology Service, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Kaiser-Guignard
authors: Institute of Microbiology, University of Lausanne and University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.|Infectious Diseases Service, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Greub
authors: Pneumology Service, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.|Transplantation Center, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: J-D
authors: JD
authors: Aubert
authors: Institute of Microbiology, University of Lausanne and University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Prod'hom
authors: Transplantation Center, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. oriol.manuel@chuv.ch.|Infectious Diseases Service, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. oriol.manuel@chuv.ch.
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Manuel
authors: Institute of Microbiology, University of Lausanne and University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Jaton
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D054990:Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000601:surgery*; D007891:Leishmania / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D059208:Parasite Load; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D066027:Transplant Recipients
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; C068538:liposomal amphotericin B; D000666:Amphotericin B
keywords: kinetoplastic DNA; leishmaniasis; lung transplant; preemptive diagnosis; real-time polymerase chain reaction; solid organ transplant