title: Acute acquired concomitant esotropia and decompensated monofixation syndrome: a sensory-motor status assessment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess and compare sensory-motor status and clinical features of type I and type II acute acquired concomitant esotropia (group A) and decompensated monofixation syndrome (group B).
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective, comparative study, 26 patients with a confirmed postoperative diagnosis of type I and II acute acquired concomitant esotropia and monofixation syndrome were enrolled. The 2-tailed unpaired t test and 2-tailed χ(2) test were performed to compare angle of deviation and sensory-motor status under the environmental conditions and after prismatic adaptation test and progressive prism test of 2 groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All of the patients of group A and 4 patients (33%) of group B experienced diplopia under viewing conditions in the Worth's 4 dot and Bagolini striated glass tests. The TNO stereo test showed the total absence of stereopsis in 6 patients in group B and a significantly lower stereoacuity in group A in the remaining 6 patients (p < 0.0001). The prismatic adaptation test was positive in all of the patients in group B and in 10 patients (71%) in group A (p = 0.39). The value of the angle of deviation after the progressive prism test was significantly higher in group B than in group A (p = 0.02). At the end of the progressive prism test, all of the patients in group A and only 2 patients in group B were orthotropic (p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bagolini striated glass and Worth's 4 dot tests under viewing conditions and responses under prisms allow for the differentiation of the 2 forms and lead to an accurate aesthetic and functional prognosis.
authors: M.D. Institute of Ophthalmology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: gustavo.savino@rm.unicatt.it.
authors: Gustavo
authors: G
authors: Savino
authors: M.D. Institute of Ophthalmology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors: Edoardo
authors: E
authors: Abed
authors: C.O. Institute of Ophthalmology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors: Maria Teresa
authors: MT
authors: Rebecchi
authors: C.O. Institute of Ophthalmology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Spreca
authors: M.D. Institute of Ophthalmology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors: Costanza
authors: C
authors: Tredici
authors: M.D. Institute of Ophthalmology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Dickmann
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003867:Depth Perception / Q000502:physiology; D004172:Diplopia / Q000503:physiopathology; D004948:Esotropia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005139:Eyeglasses; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015357:Vision Disparity / Q000502:physiology*; D014792:Visual Acuity; D055815:Young Adult