title: Metastatic bone disease: A review of survival, prognostic factors and outcomes following surgical treatment of the appendicular skeleton.
abstract: Survival data and prognostic factors may help to provide insight when deciding on the appropriate orthopaedic treatment for patients presenting with metastatic bone disease. This review was conducted to look at the outcomes following orthopaedic surgery for metastatic lesions in the extremities. The literature was identified through the Medline and Embase database and further refined via a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Overall, patients presenting with metastatic bone disease from renal cell cancer or breast cancer had the longest survival rate. Important factors found to predict prognosis was the presence of visceral metastasis, multiple metastases, pathological fracture and the type of primary tumour involved. These prognostic factors may help to direct future inquiry into metastatic bone disease and help determine the type of surgery to use in a metastatic setting in order to avoid complications and unnecessary revisions as well as provide durability.
authors: School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne Medical School, Level 2 West, Medical Building (181), Victoria 3010, Australia.
authors: M N
authors: MN
authors: Kirkinis
authors: School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne Medical School, Level 2 West, Medical Building (181), Victoria 3010, Australia.
authors: C J
authors: CJ
authors: Lyne
authors: School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne Medical School, Level 2 West, Medical Building (181), Victoria 3010, Australia.
authors: M D
authors: MD
authors: Wilson
authors: School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne Medical School, Level 2 West, Medical Building (181), Victoria 3010, Australia; University of Melbourne, Department of Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Level 2, Clinical Sciences Building, 29 Regent Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia; Department of Orthopaedics, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia; Bone and Soft Tissue Tumour Unit, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 2 St Andrews Pl, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia. Electronic address: pchoong@unimelb.edu.au.
authors: P F M
authors: PF
authors: Choong
mesh_terms: D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D005121:Extremities; D005260:Female; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009026:Mortality; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D015996:Survival Rate; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Extremities; Fractures; Neoplasm metastasis; Orthopaedics; Prognosis; Spontaneous; Survival rate