title: Airborne bacterial contaminations in typical Chinese wet market with live poultry trade.
abstract: Chinese wet markets with live poultry trade have been considered as major sources of pathogen dissemination, and sites for horizontal transfer of bacterial and viral pathogens. In this study, the pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) in air samples collected at a typical Chinese wet market had been analysis and quantified. Corynebacterium minutissimum and other pathogenic bacteria accounted for 0.81-8.02% of the whole microbial community in different air samples. The four ARGs quantified in this study showed a comparable relative concentration (copies/ng_DNA) with municipal wastewater. Poultry manures were demonstrated to be important microbial contamination source in wet market, which was supported by both microbial composition based source tracking and the quantification of airborne microbial density. A series of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes indicators of poultry area contamination were successfully screened, which will be useful for the more convenient monitoring of airborne poultry area contamination. Our results indicate bioaerosols acted as important route for the transmissions of pathogens and ARGs. Continued surveillance of airborne microbial contamination is required in poultry trade wet market.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urban live poultry markets are important sources of pathogen dissemination, and sites for horizontal transfer of viral and bacterial pathogens. In the present field-study, pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes were focused to provide quantitative information on the levels of microbial contaminations at the indoor air of wet markets. Results demonstrated that poultry manures were important microbial contamination source in wet market, and in the meanwhile bioaerosols were identified as important route for the transmissions of microbial contaminants. A series of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes indicators of poultry area contamination were successfully screened, which will be useful for the more convenient monitoring of airborne poultry area contamination.
authors: Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen 518055, China.
authors: Xin-Lei
authors: XL
authors: Gao
authors: Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen 518055, China. Electronic address: mfshao@hitsz.edu.cn.
authors: Ming-Fei
authors: MF
authors: Shao
authors: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Key laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors: Yi
authors: Y
authors: Luo
authors: Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen 518055, China.
authors: Yu-Fang
authors: YF
authors: Dong
authors: Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen 518055, China.
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Ouyang
authors: Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen 518055, China.
authors: Wen-Yi
authors: WY
authors: Dong
authors: Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen 518055, China. Electronic address: Liji99@hitsz.edu.cn.
authors: Ji
authors: J
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000391:Air Microbiology; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D008372:Manure; D011200:Poultry
chemical_list: D008372:Manure
keywords: Antibiotic resistance gene; Bioaerosol; Live poultry trade; Microbial contaminant; Pathogenic bacteria; Wet market