title: Crude oil exposures reveal roles for intracellular calcium cycling in haddock craniofacial and cardiac development.
abstract: Recent studies have shown that crude oil exposure affects cardiac development in fish by disrupting excitation-contraction (EC) coupling. We previously found that eggs of Atlantic haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) bind dispersed oil droplets, potentially leading to more profound toxic effects from uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Using lower concentrations of dispersed crude oil (0.7-7 μg/L ∑PAH), here we exposed a broader range of developmental stages over both short and prolonged durations. We quantified effects on cardiac function and morphogenesis, characterized novel craniofacial defects, and examined the expression of genes encoding potential targets underlying cardiac and craniofacial defects. Because of oil droplet binding, a 24-hr exposure was sufficient to create severe cardiac and craniofacial abnormalities. The specific nature of the craniofacial abnormalities suggests that crude oil may target common craniofacial and cardiac precursor cells either directly or indirectly by affecting ion channels and intracellular calcium in particular. Furthermore, down-regulation of genes encoding specific components of the EC coupling machinery suggests that crude oil disrupts excitation-transcription coupling or normal feedback regulation of ion channels blocked by PAHs. These data support a unifying hypothesis whereby depletion of intracellular calcium pools by crude oil-derived PAHs disrupts several pathways critical for organogenesis in fish.
authors: Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870, Nordnes, NO-5817, Bergen, Norway.|Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066, Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway.
authors: Elin
authors: E
authors: Sørhus
authors: Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NOAA), 2725 Montlake Blvd. East, Seattle, WA 98112-2097, USA.
authors: John P
authors: JP
authors: Incardona
authors: Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Austevoll Research Station, and Hjort Centre for Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, NO-5392 Storebø, Norway.
authors: Ørjan
authors: Ø
authors: Karlsen
authors: Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NOAA), 2725 Montlake Blvd. East, Seattle, WA 98112-2097, USA.
authors: Tiffany
authors: T
authors: Linbo
authors: Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870, Nordnes, NO-5817, Bergen, Norway.|University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, NO-5020 Bergen, Norway.
authors: Lisbet
authors: L
authors: Sørensen
authors: SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, P.O. Box 4760, Sluppen, NO-7465 Trondheim, Norway.
authors: Trond
authors: T
authors: Nordtug
authors: Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Austevoll Research Station, and Hjort Centre for Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, NO-5392 Storebø, Norway.
authors: Terje
authors: T
authors: van der Meeren
authors: Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870, Nordnes, NO-5817, Bergen, Norway.
authors: Anders
authors: A
authors: Thorsen
authors: University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, NO-5020 Bergen, Norway.
authors: Maja
authors: M
authors: Thorbjørnsen
authors: Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066, Blindern, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway.|Department of Natural Sciences, University of Agder, NO-4604 Kristiansand, Norway.
authors: Sissel
authors: S
authors: Jentoft
authors: Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870, Nordnes, NO-5817, Bergen, Norway.
authors: Rolf B
authors: RB
authors: Edvardsen
authors: Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870, Nordnes, NO-5817, Bergen, Norway.
authors: Sonnich
authors: S
authors: Meier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005399:Fishes / Q000502:physiology*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D042541:Intracellular Space; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D008018:Life Cycle Stages; D009024:Morphogenesis; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000502:physiology*; D010578:Petroleum / Q000009:adverse effects*; D059392:Petroleum Pollution; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012886:Skull / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D029941:Fish Proteins; D007473:Ion Channels; D010578:Petroleum; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D002118:Calcium