title: Ergot species of the Claviceps purpurea group from South Africa.
abstract: Results of a survey and study of the Claviceps purpurea group of species in South Africa are being presented and five new species are described. Morphological descriptions are based on the anamorphs and four nuclear genetic loci. Claviceps fimbristylidis sp. nov. on Fimbristylis complanata was discovered wide-spread across five provinces of the country associated with water and represents the fourth Claviceps species recorded from the Cyperaceae. Claviceps monticola sp. nov. is described from Brachypodium flexum growing in mountain forests in Mpumalanga Province, as well as the northern Drakensberg southwards into the Eastern Cape Province. Claviceps pazoutovae sp. nov. is recorded from Stipa dregeana var. dregeana and Ehrharta erecta var. erecta, also associated with these mountain ranges. Claviceps macroura sp. nov. is recorded from Cenchrus macrourus from the Eastern Cape and Claviceps capensis sp. nov. from Ehrharta villosa var. villosa is recorded from the Western Cape Province. Claviceps cyperi, only recorded from South Africa is included in the study. Ergot alkaloid profiles of all species are provided and showed similarity to C. purpurea. Only C. cyperi and in lesser degree C. capensis, C. macroura, and C. pazoutovae produced ergot alkaloids in clinically significant amounts. Several reported species infect invasive grass species, native to South Africa, and thus represent potentially invasive species.
authors: Biosystematics Division, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Council, Private Bag X134, Pretoria 0121, South Africa. Electronic address: VDLindeE@arc.agric.za.
authors: Elna J
authors: EJ
authors: van der Linde
authors: Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Praha 4, Czech Republic; Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, 128 01 Praha 2, Czech Republic.
authors: Kamila
authors: K
authors: Pešicová
authors: Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Praha 4, Czech Republic.
authors: Sylvie
authors: S
authors: Pažoutová
authors: Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Praha 4, Czech Republic.
authors: Eva
authors: E
authors: Stodůlková
authors: Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Praha 4, Czech Republic.
authors: Miroslav
authors: M
authors: Flieger
authors: Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Praha 4, Czech Republic. Electronic address: mkolarik@biomed.cas.cz.
authors: Miroslav
authors: M
authors: Kolařík
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002967:Claviceps / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D004876:Ergot Alkaloids / Q000032:analysis*; D065928:Forests; D064168:Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 7 / Q000235:genetics; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1 / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013019:South Africa; D014404:Tubulin / Q000235:genetics; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D004876:Ergot Alkaloids; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1; D014404:Tubulin; D014867:Water; D064168:Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 7
keywords: Alkaloids; Cyperaceae; Phylogeny; Plant pathogens; Poaceae; Taxonomy