title: Pain Increases the Risk of Developing Frailty in Older Adults with Osteoarthritis.
abstract: While osteoarthritis (OA)-related pain increases the risk of physical inactivity, disability, and falls, less is known about whether pain increases the risk of frailty. We investigated if people with OA reporting pain are more likely to develop frailty than people with OA without pain.
  
  
  
  Population-based prospective cohort study with a follow-up of 4.4 years.
  
  
  
  Community.
  
  
  
  The subjects were 1,775 older men and women with osteoarthritis, enrolled in the Progetto Veneto Anziani.
  
  
  
  Pain was ascertained according to medical records, symptoms/signs, and use of analgesics. Participants were considered frail if they met three out of five criteria of Fried's Index.
  
  
  
  Cross-sectional analysis at baseline demonstrated that after adjusting for potential confounders (age, gender, anthropometric and demographic data, comorbidities), people with OA and pain (n = 568) were significantly more likely to have frailty compared with those with OA without pain (n = 1,207; hand OA, OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.65-2.09; hip OA, OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.44-1.83; knee OA, OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.26-1.60; all p  < 0.0001). Prospective analysis of 1,152 nonfrail subjects at baseline demonstrated that 19.9% developed incident frailty. A fully-adjusted logistic regression analysis demonstrated that lower limb OA-related pain was associated with an increased risk of developing frailty compared with people with OA and no pain.
  
  
  
  Pain related to OA might be an important factor influencing the relationship between OA and the development of frailty.
authors: Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padova, Italy.
authors: Nicola
authors: N
authors: Veronese
authors: National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Padova, Italy.
authors: Stefania
authors: S
authors: Maggi
authors: Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padova, Italy.
authors: Caterina
authors: C
authors: Trevisan
authors: National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Padova, Italy.
authors: Marianna
authors: M
authors: Noale
authors: Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padova, Italy.
authors: Marina
authors: M
authors: De Rui
authors: Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padova, Italy.
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Bolzetta
authors: National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Padova, Italy.|Department of Medicine (DIMED), Clinica Medica I, University of Padova, Italy.
authors: Sabina
authors: S
authors: Zambon
authors: Department of Medicine (DIMED), Clinica Medica I, University of Padova, Italy.
authors: Estella
authors: E
authors: Musacchio
authors: Department of Medicine (DIMED), Clinica Medica I, University of Padova, Italy.
authors: Leonardo
authors: L
authors: Sartori
authors: Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors: Egle
authors: E
authors: Perissinotto
authors: Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.|Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors: Brendon
authors: B
authors: Stubbs
authors: National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Padova, Italy.
authors: Gaetano
authors: G
authors: Crepaldi
authors: Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padova, Italy.|National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Padova, Italy.
authors: Enzo
authors: E
authors: Manzato
authors: Department of Medicine (DIMED), Geriatrics Division, University of Padova, Italy.
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Sergi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000150:complications*; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology*
keywords: Frailty and Elderly; Osteoarthritis; Pain