title: Fish Oil and Microalga Omega-3 as Dietary Supplements: A Comparative Study on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in High-Fat Fed Rats.
abstract: Dietary supplementation with marine omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) can have beneficial effects on a number of risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We compared the effects of two n-3 PUFA rich food supplements (freeze-dried Odontella aurita and fish oil) on risk factors for CVD. Male rats were randomly divided into four groups of six animals each and fed with the following diets: control group (C) received a standard diet containing 7 % lipids; second group (HF high fat) was fed with a high-fat diet containing 40 % lipids; third group (HFFO high fat+fish oil) was fed with the high-fat diet supplemented with 0.5 % fish oil; and fourth group (HFOA high fat+O. aurita) received the high-fat diet supplemented with 12 % of freeze-dried O. aurita. After 8 weeks rats fed with the high-fat diet supplemented with O. aurita displayed a significantly lower bodyweight than those in the other groups. Both the microalga and the fish oil significantly reduced insulinemia and serum lipid levels. O. aurita was more effective than the fish oil in reducing hepatic triacyglycerol levels and in preventing high-fat diet-induced steatosis. O. aurita and fish oil also reduced platelet aggregation and oxidative status induced by high fat intake. After an OA supplementation, the adipocytes in the HFOA group were smaller than those in the HF group. Freeze-dried O. aurita showed similar or even greater biological effects than the fish oil. This could be explained by a potential effect of the n-3 PUFA but also other bioactive compounds of the microalgae.
authors: IUT Département Génie Biologique, Rue des Drs Calmette et Guérin, 53020, Laval Cedex 9, France.|Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université du Maine, Avenue O. Messiaen, 72085, Le Mans, France.|EA 2160-MMS, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, Université du Maine, Le Mans, France.|Equipe Nutrition, Environnement, Santé. Laboratoire de Virologie, Microbiologie, Qualité/Ecotoxicologie et Biodiversité, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan II, Mohammedia, Morocco.
authors: Adil
authors: A
authors: Haimeur
authors: IUT Département Génie Biologique, Rue des Drs Calmette et Guérin, 53020, Laval Cedex 9, France.|EA 2160-MMS, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, Université du Maine, Le Mans, France.
authors: Virginie
authors: V
authors: Mimouni
authors: IUT Département Génie Biologique, Rue des Drs Calmette et Guérin, 53020, Laval Cedex 9, France.|EA 2160-MMS, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, Université du Maine, Le Mans, France.
authors: Lionel
authors: L
authors: Ulmann
authors: ONIRIS, Unité Nutrition et Endocrinologie, Nantes, France.
authors: Anne-Sophie
authors: AS
authors: Martineau
authors: Equipe Nutrition, Environnement, Santé. Laboratoire de Virologie, Microbiologie, Qualité/Ecotoxicologie et Biodiversité, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan II, Mohammedia, Morocco.
authors: Hafida
authors: H
authors: Messaouri
authors: Centre Hospitalier du Mans, Laboratoire d'Hémostase, Avenue Rubillard, 72037, Le Mans Cedex 9, France.
authors: Fabienne
authors: F
authors: Pineau-Vincent
authors: Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université du Maine, Avenue O. Messiaen, 72085, Le Mans, France. Gerard.Tremblin@univ-lemans.fr.|EA 2160-MMS, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, Université du Maine, Le Mans, France. Gerard.Tremblin@univ-lemans.fr.
authors: Gérard
authors: G
authors: Tremblin
authors: Equipe Nutrition, Environnement, Santé. Laboratoire de Virologie, Microbiologie, Qualité/Ecotoxicologie et Biodiversité, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Hassan II, Mohammedia, Morocco.
authors: Nadia
authors: N
authors: Meskini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D058086:Microalgae / Q000737:chemistry*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005395:Fish Oils; D008055:Lipids
keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Fish oil; High fat diet; N-3 PUFA; Odontella aurita; Platelet aggregation; Wistar rat