title: Subjective evaluation of the frequency of coffee intake and relationship to osteoporosis in Chinese men.
abstract: The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations between frequency of coffee intake and osteoporosis (OP) in a general Chinese male sample.
  
  
  
  We conducted a large-scale, community-based, cross-sectional study to investigate the associations by using a self-report questionnaire to estimate the frequency of coffee intake. A total of 992 men were available for data analysis in this study. Multiple regression models controlling for confounding factors to include frequency of coffee intake variable were performed to investigate the relationships for OP.
  
  
  
  Positive correlations between frequency of coffee intake and T-score were reported (β = 0.211, P = 0.024). Multiple regression analysis indicated that the frequency of coffee intake was significantly associated with OP (P < 0.05 for model 1 and model 2). The men with moderate frequency of coffee intake had a lower prevalence of OP.
  
  
  
  The findings indicated that consumption of coffee was independently and significantly associated with OP. The prevalence of OP was less frequent in Chinese men with moderate coffee intake.
  
  
  
  ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02451397.
authors: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China.
authors: Qian
authors: Q
authors: Yu
authors: Shanghai Changfeng Community Health Care Center, Putuo, Shanghai, China.
authors: Zhong-Hua
authors: ZH
authors: Liu
authors: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China. leitongjih@yeah.net.
authors: Tao
authors: T
authors: Lei
authors: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China. dr_zhtang@yeah.net.
authors: Zihui
authors: Z
authors: Tang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D040503:Coffea; D003069:Coffee / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee
keywords: Association; Chinese men; Coffee intake; Frequency; Osteoporosis