title: Secondary ion yields for vacuum-type electrospray droplet beams measured with a triple focus time-of-flight analyzer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We previously developed a massive cluster ion beam gun for secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) in which the primary beam source is a vacuum electrospray. The secondary ion yields produced by this method had not yet been measured with a commercial time-of-flight (TOF) secondary ion mass spectrometer, and the ionization performance was unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  A vacuum-type electrospray droplet ion gun was connected to a triple-focus TOF analyzer. The flight time of the secondary ions was measured using a sample-bias pulsing method, because a short pulse of the electrospray droplet beam could not be obtained. The secondary ion yields of an amino acid sample produced by the electrospray droplet beams and atomic Ga ion beams were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TOF secondary ion spectra were measured for the amino acid and peptide samples with a mass resolution of ~500 using the sample-bias pulsing method. The secondary ion yield of the amino acid sample produced with the 10 kV vacuum-type electrospray droplet beams was much higher than that produced by 10 kV Ga ion beams. In addition, the secondary ion yields for the peptide sample and amino acid samples were almost similar.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report on secondary ion yields produced with vacuum-type electrospray droplet ion beams and measured with a semi-commercial TOF analyzer. The enhancement of secondary ion yields, in particular for relatively high-mass molecules, would be very useful in the SIMS analysis of a wide variety of biological samples. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors: Interdisciplinary Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan. sninomiya@yamanashi.ac.jp.
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Ninomiya
authors: Clean Energy Research Center, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.
authors: Yuji
authors: Y
authors: Sakai
authors: Interdisciplinary Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.
authors: Ryo
authors: R
authors: Watanabe
authors: ULVAC-PHI Inc., 370 Enzo, Chigasaki, Kanagawa, 253-8522, Japan.
authors: Mauo
authors: M
authors: Sogou
authors: ULVAC-PHI Inc., 370 Enzo, Chigasaki, Kanagawa, 253-8522, Japan.
authors: Takuya
authors: T
authors: Miyayama
authors: ULVAC-PHI Inc., 370 Enzo, Chigasaki, Kanagawa, 253-8522, Japan.
authors: Daisuke
authors: D
authors: Sakai
authors: ULVAC-PHI Inc., 370 Enzo, Chigasaki, Kanagawa, 253-8522, Japan.
authors: Katsumi
authors: K
authors: Watanabe
authors: Interdisciplinary Graduate School, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan.
authors: Lee Chuin
authors: LC
authors: Chen
authors: Clean Energy Research Center, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan. hiraoka@yamanashi.ac.jp.
authors: Kenzo
authors: K
authors: Hiraoka
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry*; D018629:Spectrometry, Mass, Secondary Ion / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D010455:Peptides