title: Genotypes and virulence factors of Candida species isolated from oralcavities of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study compared the genotypes and virulence factors of Candida species isolated from oral cavities of healthy individuals and patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 142 healthy individuals and 73 diabetic patients participated in this study. Study populations were classified into 4 groups as follows: Group I - Healthy, without caries; Group II - Healthy, with caries; Group III - DM, with caries; Group IV - DM, without caries. Diabetic patients' blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c concentrations were determined. Identification of Candida species was performed with conventional methods. Biofilm production, proteinase, phospholipase, and esterase were analyzed. The genetic diversity of Candida species was established using rep-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most isolated species was Candida albicans. There were statistical differences in terms of isolated Candida frequency between healthy subjects and diabetic patients. There was no statistical difference between the virulence factors of groups. Twelve genotypes were determined. While there were statistical differences in aerobe biofilm production, proteinase, and phospholipase activity between genotypes, there were no statistical differences in anaerobe biofilm production and esterase activity between genotypes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diabetes has no effect on the activities of virulence factors of Candida species. Different genotypes of Candida albicans exhibited different virulence activities.
authors: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors: Soley
authors: S
authors: Arslan
authors: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors: Ayşe Nedret
authors: AN
authors: Koç
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors: Ahmet Ercan
authors: AE
authors: Şekerci
authors: Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors: Fatih
authors: F
authors: Tanriverdi
authors: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors: Hafize
authors: H
authors: Sav
authors: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors: Gonca
authors: G
authors: Aydemir
authors: Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors: Halit
authors: H
authors: Diri
mesh_terms: D002176:Candida albicans; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D009055:Mouth; D014774:Virulence; D037521:Virulence Factors
chemical_list: D037521:Virulence Factors
keywords: Candida; diabetes mellitus; genotype; virulence factors