title: No Association Between Unintentional Head Injuries and Early-Life Exposure to Tetrachloroethylene (PCE)-Contaminated Drinking Water.
abstract: Because of emerging evidence that early-life exposure to the solvent tetrachloroethylene (PCE) has long-lasting neurological consequences, we examined the risk of unintentional head injuries following prenatal and childhood exposure to PCE-contaminated drinking water.
  
  
  
  Participants provided information on head injuries and other relevant characteristics in a self-administered questionnaire. Exposure to PCE was modeled using a leaching and transport algorithm set in water system modeling software.
  
  
  
  We did not observe any evidence of an increased risk of any type of head injury among exposed participants.
  
  
  
  PCE is a widespread water pollutant. Thus, documenting possible health effects of early-life exposure is vital for ensuring that drinking water regulations adequately protect vulnerable populations.
authors: Department of Epidemiology (Aschengrau, Gallagher); Data Coordinating Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Crosstown, Boston, Massachusetts (Winter); Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California (Vieira); and Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (Janulewicz, Webster, Ozonoff).
authors: Ann
authors: A
authors: Aschengrau
authors: Lisa G
authors: LG
authors: Gallagher
authors: Michael R
authors: MR
authors: Winter
authors: Veronica M
authors: VM
authors: Vieira
authors: Patricia A
authors: PA
authors: Janulewicz
authors: Thomas F
authors: TF
authors: Webster
authors: David M
authors: DM
authors: Ozonoff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000453:epidemiology*; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013750:Tetrachloroethylene / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D013750:Tetrachloroethylene