title: Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae does not affect the interferon-related anti-viral response but predisposes the pig to a higher level of inflammation following swine influenza virus infection.
abstract: In pigs, influenza A viruses and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhp) are major contributors to the porcine respiratory disease complex. Pre-infection with Mhp was previously shown experimentally to exacerbate the clinical outcomes of H1N1 infection during the first week after virus inoculation. In order to better understand the interactions between these pathogens, we aimed to assess very early responses (at 5, 24 and 48 h) after H1N1 infection in pigs pre-infected or not with Mhp. Clinical signs and macroscopic lung lesions were similar in both infected groups at early times post-H1N1 infection; and Mhp pre-infection affected neither the influenza virus replication nor the IFN-induced antiviral responses in the lung. However, it predisposed the animals to a higher inflammatory response to H1N1 infection, as revealed by the massive infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages into the lungs and the increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α). Thus, it seems it is this marked inflammatory state that would play a role in exacerbating the clinical signs subsequent to H1N1 infection.
authors: Université Bretagne Loire, France.|ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané, Unité Virologie Immunologie Porcines, Ploufragan, France.
authors: Céline
authors: C
authors: Deblanc
authors: ISP, INRA, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France.
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Delgado-Ortega
authors: ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané, Unité Virologie Immunologie Porcines, Ploufragan, France.|Université Bretagne Loire, France.
authors: Stéphane
authors: S
authors: Gorin
authors: ISP, INRA, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France.
authors: Mustapha
authors: M
authors: Berri
authors: Université Bretagne Loire, France.|ANSES, Service de Production de Porcs Assainis et d'Expérimentation, Ploufragan, France.
authors: Frédéric
authors: F
authors: Paboeuf
authors: ISP, INRA, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France.
authors: Patricia
authors: P
authors: Berthon
authors: Institut für Virologie, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
authors: Georg
authors: G
authors: Herrler
authors: VIDO-InterVac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
authors: François
authors: F
authors: Meurens
authors: ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané, Unité Virologie Immunologie Porcines, Ploufragan, France.|Université Bretagne Loire, France.
authors: Gaëlle
authors: G
authors: Simon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D007372:Interferons / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000276:immunology; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D045705:Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D045729:Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007372:Interferons