title: Pilot study on the correlation between skin auto-fluorescence and serum antioxidant enzyme: skin auto-fluorescence is negatively associated with levels of malondialdehyde.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Various methods have been used to objectively record skin changes. However, estimating the intrinsic and extrinsic aging of skin remains a challenge. Our objective was to study intrinsic skin aging with respect to patient age and extrinsic photo-aging of human dorsal (photo-exposed) and volar (photo-protected) forearm in vivo through skin auto-fluorescence (AF). We also examined the correlations between serum antioxidant enzyme, malondialdehyde(MDA), and skin AF.
  
  
  METHODS
  37 healthy volunteers were enrolled. We measured skin AF and its heterogeneity on the dorsal and volar forearms. We also examined serum concentration of catalase, superoxide dismutase, vitamin E, and MDA levels in every participant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In photo-protected areas, skin AF intensity in the 40 years or older group was significantly higher compared to the group less than 40 years-old. On the other hand, heterogeneity value was significantly higher in the less than 40 years-old group in photo-protected area. With respect to serum antioxidant enzyme and MDA level, only MDA level showed a negative correlation with skin AF intensity in photo-exposed area.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We determined that skin AF intensity of the photo-protected area reflects intrinsic skin aging. In addition, degree of photo-aging could be indirectly inferred by skin AF of photo-exposed area and serum MDA level.
authors: Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: J H
authors: JH
authors: Yim
authors: Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: K H
authors: KH
authors: Jeong
authors: Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: J Y
authors: JY
authors: Kim
authors: Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Y H
authors: YH
authors: Cho
authors: Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan, Korea.
authors: S J
authors: SJ
authors: Bae
authors: Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: M K
authors: MK
authors: Shin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014810:Vitamin E; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase
keywords: Antioxidant enzyme; Malondialdehyde (MDA); Photo-aging; skin auto-fluorescence (AF)