title: Proliferation and differentiation markers of colorectal adenocarcinomaand their correlation with clinicopathological factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate proliferation and differentiation markers in colorectal adenocarcinoma and their correlation with clinicopathological factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples were collected from 38 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma and 10 healthy controls. E-cadherin, carcinoembryonic antigen (mCEA), cyclin B1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and erythropoietin (EPO) receptor (EPOR) were examined by immunohistochemistry; VEGF and EPO were examined by real-time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tumor samples were mostly characterized by large dimension (pT3), moderate level of differentiation (G2), negative lymph node status (N0), and no metastasis. Cyclin B1 and VEGF gene and protein expressions were significantly higher in tumor tissues than in control tissues; E-cadherin expression was significantly decreased in tumor samples and in positive correlation with mCEA. EPO was almost undetectable in tumor tissues of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Significant positive correlation was detected between tumor size and cyclin B1, tumor grade, and lymph node status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Decreased expression of EPO, high levels of VEGF and cyclin B1 expression, predominant moderate tumor differentiation, absence of metastasis, and negative lymph node status may suggest low level of aggressiveness, better prognosis, and longer patient survival.
authors: Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors: Olivera
authors: O
authors: Mitrović Ajtić
authors: Department of Surgery, Medical Center Bezanijska kosa, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors: Slobodan
authors: S
authors: Todorović
authors: Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors: Miloš
authors: M
authors: Diklić
authors: Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors: Tijana
authors: T
authors: Subotički
authors: Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Diseases of Metabolism, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors: Bojana
authors: B
authors: Beleslin-Čokić
authors: Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors: Gordana
authors: G
authors: Jovčić
authors: Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
authors: Vladan
authors: V
authors: Čokić
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms; D006801:Humans; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
keywords: Adenocarcinoma of colon; E-cadherin; cyclin B1; erythropoietin; erythropoietin receptor; mCEA; vascular endothelial growth factor