title: Risk factors for child pneumonia - focus on the Western Pacific Region.
abstract: Pneumonia is a major cause of disease and death in infants and young children (aged <5 years) globally, as it is in the World Health Organization Western Pacific region. A better understanding of the underlying risk factors associated with child pneumonia is important, since pragmatic primary prevention strategies are likely to achieve major reductions in pneumonia-associated morbidity and mortality in children. This review focuses on risk factors with high relevance to the Western Pacific region, including a lack of exclusive breastfeeding, cigarette smoke and air pollution exposure, malnutrition and conditions of poverty, as well as common co-morbidities. Case management and vaccination coverage have been considered elsewhere.
authors: Discipline of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, The University of Sydney, Australia; Da Nang Hospital for Women and Children, Da Nang, Viet Nam. Electronic address: thng5150@uni.sydney.edu.au.
authors: T K P
authors: TK
authors: Nguyen
authors: Da Nang Hospital for Women and Children, Da Nang, Viet Nam.
authors: T H
authors: TH
authors: Tran
authors: Clinical and Population Perinatal Health Research, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia; Sydney Medical School Northern, The University of Sydney, Australia.
authors: C L
authors: CL
authors: Roberts
authors: Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney.
authors: G J
authors: GJ
authors: Fox
authors: Centre for International Child Health, University of Melbourne and Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
authors: S M
authors: SM
authors: Graham
authors: Discipline of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, The University of Sydney, Australia.
authors: B J
authors: BJ
authors: Marais
mesh_terms: D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001210:Asia, Southeastern / Q000453:epidemiology; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002648:Child; D015362:Child Nutrition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D005202:Asia, Eastern / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011203:Poverty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution
keywords: breastfeeding; cigarette smoke exposure; indoor air pollution; lower respiratory tract infections; malnutrition