title: Relationship of Physical Activity and Healthy Eating with Mortality and Incident Heart Failure among Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Normal Body Mass Index.
abstract: Normal body mass index (BMI) is associated with lower mortality and may be achieved by physical activity (PA), healthy eating (HE), or both. We examined the association of PA and HE with mortality and incident heart failure (HF) among 2040 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 65 years with baseline BMI 18.5 to 24.99 kg/m2during 13 years of follow-up in Cardiovascular Health Study.
  
  
  
  Baseline PA was defined as ≥500 weekly metabolic equivalent task-minutes (MET-minutes) and HE as ≥5 daily servings of vegetable and fruit intake. Participants were categorized into 4 groups: (1) PA-/HE- (n=384); (2) PA+/HE- (n=992); (3) PA-/HE+ (n=162); and (4) PA+/HE+ (n=502). Participants had a mean age of 74 (±6) years, mean BMI of 22.6 (±1.5) kg/m2, 61% were women, and 4% African American. Compared with PA-/HE-, age-sex-race-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause mortality for PA-/HE+, PA+/HE-, and PA+/HE+ groups were 0.96 (0.76-1.21), 0.61 (0.52-0.71) and 0.62 (0.52-0.75), respectively. These associations remained unchanged after multivariable adjustment and were similar for cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortalities. Respective demographic-adjusted HRs (95% Cis) for incident HF among 1954 participants without baseline HF were 1.21 (0.81-1.81), 0.71 (0.54-0.94) and 0.71 (0.51-0.98). These later associations lost significance after multivariable-adjustment.
  
  
  
  Among community-dwelling older adults with normal BMI, physical activity, regardless of healthy eating, was associated with lower risk of mortality and incident HF, but healthy eating had no similar protective association in this cohort.
authors: University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
authors: Ahmed
authors: A
authors: Abdelmawgoud
authors: University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL.
authors: Cynthia J
authors: CJ
authors: Brown
authors: University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208.
authors: Xuemei
authors: X
authors: Sui
authors: University of California, Los Angeles, CA.
authors: Gregg C
authors: GC
authors: Fonarow
authors: Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC.
authors: Peter F
authors: PF
authors: Kokkinos
authors: University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
authors: Vera
authors: V
authors: Bittner
authors: New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.
authors: Wilbert S
authors: WS
authors: Aronow
authors: Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA; George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
authors: Raya E
authors: RE
authors: Kheirbek
authors: Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC.
authors: Ross D
authors: RD
authors: Fletcher
authors: University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208.
authors: Steven N
authors: SN
authors: Blair
authors: Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Ahmed
keywords: Physical activity; healthy eating; incident heart failure; older adults