title: Development of New Lemon-Lime Flavored Beverage for OGTT: Acceptability and Reproducibility.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is essential procedure in both screening and diagnosis of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diabetes mellitus (DM), but it is not easy to perform because of intense sweetness of the 75-g glucose test beverage causing abdominal discomfort post-testing. Therefore, the new formula of non-carbonated lemon-lime flavored beverage was developed to increase its palatability and better compliance.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop a new non-carbonated lemon-lime flavored beverage to replace the standard beverage for OGTT Subsequently, the diagnostic value and acceptability between the new formula and the traditional 75-g OGTT formula were compared in healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The new lemon-lime flavored formula was developed to replace the standard beverage for OGTT by adding 1,000 milligram of citric acid and 0.03 gram of lime flavor to 75 gram of anhydrous glucose to a final volume of 300 ml. The study was conducted in 30 healthy subjects who underwent the traditional 75-gram OGTT test and the new formula of OGTT beverage one week later, or vice versa, to access acceptability, indices markers of insulin secretion, and insulin sensitivity. Palatability was determined by rating on a 9-point Hedonic Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty healthy subjects (15 females) with the age of 33.2 ± 7.5 years and body mass index of 22.9 ± 3.5 kg/m² were enrolled. No significant difference was found between plasma glucose in 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes, insulin level (0 and 120 minutes) and four insulin surrogate markers in both traditional 75-gram OGTT and new formula of lemon-lime flavored OGTT beverage. The overall satisfaction score of the new formula OGTT was better when compared with the scores of the traditional OGTT (7.1 ± 1.8 vs. 4.7 ± 2.0). Only one subject complained about abdominal discomfort in both episode of OGTT CONCLUSION: The modified lemon-lime flavored beverage for OGTT demonstrated better acceptance in the subjects without difference in plasma glucose values and OGTT derived parameters responses to OGTT in comparison to the traditional formula.
authors: Phawinpon
authors: P
authors: Chotwanvirat
authors: Yotsapon
authors: Y
authors: Thewjitcharoen
authors: Wyn
authors: W
authors: Parksook
authors: Sirinate
authors: S
authors: Krittiyawong
authors: Kritchana
authors: K
authors: Hutaphat
authors: Soontaree
authors: S
authors: Nakasatien
authors: Sming
authors: S
authors: Kaocharoen
authors: Thep
authors: T
authors: Himathongkam
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001628:Beverages; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010087:Oxides; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D010087:Oxides; C016538:lime