title: Short-term effects of goal-setting focusing on the life goal concept on subjective well-being and treatment engagement in subacute inpatients: a quasi-randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the short-term effects of the life goal concept on subjective well-being and treatment engagement, and to determine the sample size required for a larger trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  A quasi-randomized controlled trial that was not blinded.
  
  
  METHODS
  A subacute rehabilitation ward.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 66 patients were randomized to a goal-setting intervention group with the life goal concept (Life Goal), a standard rehabilitation group with no goal-setting intervention (Control 1), or a goal-setting intervention group without the life goal concept (Control 2).
  
  
  METHODS
  The goal-setting intervention in the Life Goal and Control 2 was Goal Attainment Scaling. The Life Goal patients were assessed in terms of their life goals, and the hierarchy of goals was explained. The intervention duration was four weeks.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were assessed pre- and post-intervention. The outcome measures were the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, 12-item General Health Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Rehabilitation Participation Scale, and Functional Independence Measure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 296 potential participants, 66 were enrolled; Life Goal (n = 22), Control 1 (n = 22) and Control 2 (n = 22). Anxiety was significantly lower in the Life Goal (4.1 ±3.0) than in Control 1 (6.7 ±3.4), but treatment engagement was significantly higher in the Life Goal (5.3 ±0.4) compared with both the Control 1 (4.8 ±0.6) and Control 2 (4.9 ±0.5).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The life goal concept had a short-term effect on treatment engagement. A sample of 31 patients per group would be required for a fully powered clinical trial.
authors: Department of Neurorehabilitation, Kio University, Nara, Japan Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nishiyamato Rehabilitation Hospital, Nara, Japan t.ogawa.pt@gmail.com.
authors: Tatsuya
authors: T
authors: Ogawa
authors: Department of Neurorehabilitation, Kio University, Nara, Japan.
authors: Kyohei
authors: K
authors: Omon
authors: Department of Neurorehabilitation, Kio University, Nara, Japan Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nishiyamato Rehabilitation Hospital, Nara, Japan.
authors: Tomohisa
authors: T
authors: Yuda
authors: Department of Neurorehabilitation, Kio University, Nara, Japan.
authors: Tomoya
authors: T
authors: Ishigaki
authors: Department of Neurorehabilitation, Kio University, Nara, Japan.
authors: Ryota
authors: R
authors: Imai
authors: Department of Neurorehabilitation, Kio University, Nara, Japan.
authors: Satoko
authors: S
authors: Ohmatsu
authors: Department of Neurorehabilitation, Kio University, Nara, Japan Neuro Rehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, Nara, Japan.
authors: Shu
authors: S
authors: Morioka
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006040:Goals; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D011788:Quality of Life; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation*
keywords: Goal-setting; engagement; life goal; well-being