title: Protocols for treating patients with end-stage renal disease: a survey of undergraduate dental programs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Approximately 14% of Americans are living with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), the result of progressing CKD continues to rise by 21,000 per year. There are no updated, evidence-based antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines for patients with renal disease undergoing dental treatment. The most recent was a scientific statement from the American Heart Association (AHA) in 2003. Presented in three parts, the goal of the first part of this study is to determine the current protocol being used to treat renal patients at U.S. dental schools.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 21 multiple-choice question survey was e-mailed to 58 clinic deans of accredited dental schools in the United States regarding renal treatment protocol details including antibiotic prophylaxis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-two percent of programs report having no established renal patient treatment protocol. For programs with a protocol, when using prophylactic antibiotics, 54% followed AHA protocol, whereas 62% used a modified protocol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a lack of consistent, established protocols among undergraduate dental programs. It is suggested that evidence-based guidelines for the safe treatment of patients be developed.
authors: Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia.
authors: Jeremiah
authors: J
authors: Sturgill
authors: Assistant Professor, A.T. Still University, Arizona School of Dentistry & Oral Health, Arizona. showell@atsu.edu.
authors: Scott
authors: S
authors: Howell
authors: Associate Dean for Post-Doctoral Education Director, The Center for Advanced Oral Health, Arizona.|Associate Professor & Director, Special Care Dentistry, A.T. Still University, Arizona School of Dentistry & Oral Health, Arizona.
authors: Maureen Munnelly
authors: MM
authors: Perry
authors: Hemali
authors: H
authors: Kothari
mesh_terms: D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000592:standards*; D017742:Dental Care for Chronically Ill / Q000592:standards*; D004497:Education, Dental; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D015995:Prevalence; D012575:Schools, Dental; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: antibiotic prophylaxis; dental school; kidney failure; protocols; renal dialysis; renal transplant