title: The effects of dopamine receptor 2 expression on B cells on bone metabolism and TNF-α levels in rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: Dopamine receptor 2 (DR2) expressions on B cells from Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients has been found to be negatively correlated with disease activity and can potentially predict the response to treatment. This study aimed to investigate the role of B cell DR2 expression on bone remodeling in RA.
  
  
  
  Patients with RA (n = 14) or osteoarthritis (OA; n = 12), and healthy controls (n = 12) were recruited for this study. Dopamine receptor (DR) 2 expression was assessed using flow cytometry. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleuin(IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, and bone turnovers, including osteocalcin (OC),serum procollagen type I N propeptide (PINP), C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX), collagen type I cross-linked telopeptide (ICTP), as well as matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were measured by electrochemiluminescence, chemiluminescence, or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. DR2 expression on synovial B cells from 4 RA patients and 3 OA patients was detected by immunofluorescence.
  
  
  
  There were more DR2(+)CD19(+) B cells in synovial tissues from RA patients than in those from OA patients. The frequency of peripheral B cells that expressed DR2 was positively correlated with plasma TNF-α level. Levels of ICTP and MMP-3 were significantly higher, and OPG were lower in RA patients compared to those in the OA group and healthy controls (all P < 0.05).
  
  
  
  The frequency of B cells that expressed DR2 showed a correlation with levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. DR2(+)CD19(+) B cells in synovial tissues might have a role in bone metabolism and TNF-α production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Road Fenglin, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Road Fenglin, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Road Fenglin, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiu-Fang
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Integrative Medicine Hospital, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Integrative Medicine Hospital, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Guanghua Integrative Medicine Hospital, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Dong-Yi
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Road Fenglin, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China. zsh-rheum@hotmail.com.|Center of evidence based medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. zsh-rheum@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Lin-Di
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017746:Joint Capsule / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000378:metabolism; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2
keywords: B cells; Bone metabolism; Dopamine receptor; Rheumatoid arthritis