title: Corneal Higher Order Aberrations in Granular, Lattice and Macular Corneal Dystrophies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) in granular, lattice and macular corneal dystrophies.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study includes consecutive patients who were diagnosed as granular corneal dystrophy type2 (GCD2; 121 eyes), lattice corneal dystrophies type 1, type 3A (LCDI; 20 eyes, LCDIIIA; 32 eyes) and macular corneal dystrophies (MCD; 13 eyes), and 18 healthy control eyes. Corneal HOAs were calculated using anterior segment optical coherence tomography, and the correlations between HOAs and visual acuity were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HOAs of the total cornea within 4 mm diameter were significantly larger in GCD2 (0.17 ± 0.35 μm), in LCDI (0.33 ± 0.27), LCDIIIA (0.61 ± 1.56) and in MCD (0.23 ± 0.18), compared with healthy controls (0.09 ± 0.02μm, all P < 0.01). HOAs of the total cornea within 6 mm diameter were significantly larger in GCD2 (0.32 ± 0.48), in LCDI (0.60 ± 0.46), LCDIIIA (0.83 ± 2.29) and in MCD (0.44 ± 0.24), compared with healthy controls (0.19 ± 0.06, all P < 0.001). In GCD2, there was no significant correlation between logMAR and HOAs (r = 0.113, P = 0.227). In MCD, LCDI and LCDIIIA, logMAR was positively significantly correlated with HOAs (r = 0.620 and P = 0.028, r = 0.587 and P = 0.007, r = 0.614 and P < 0.001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased HOAs occur in eyes with corneal dystrophies, especially in eye with LCD and MCD. Larger amount corneal HOAs are associated with poorer visual acuity in patients with LCD and MCD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yagi-Yaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Takefumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okuyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Satake
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsubota
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shimazaki
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology*; D003317:Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014792:Visual Acuity