title: Translational Quality Control by Bacterial Threonyl-tRNA Synthetases.
abstract: Translational fidelity mediated by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases ensures the generation of the correct aminoacyl-tRNAs, which is critical for most species. Threonyl-tRNA synthetase (ThrRS) contains multiple domains, including an N2 editing domain. Of the ThrRS domains, N1 is the last to be assigned a function. Here, we found that ThrRSs from Mycoplasma species exhibit differences in their domain composition and editing active sites compared with the canonical ThrRSs. The Mycoplasma mobile ThrRS, the first example of a ThrRS naturally lacking the N1 domain, displays efficient post-transfer editing activity. In contrast, the Mycoplasma capricolum ThrRS, which harbors an N1 domain and a degenerate N2 domain, is editing-defective. Only editing-capable ThrRSs were able to support the growth of a yeast thrS deletion strain (ScΔthrS), thus suggesting that ScΔthrS is an excellent tool for studying the in vivo editing of introduced bacterial ThrRSs. On the basis of the presence or absence of an N1 domain, we further revealed the crucial importance of the only absolutely conserved residue within the N1 domain in regulating editing by mediating an N1-N2 domain interaction in Escherichia coli ThrRS. Our results reveal the translational quality control of various ThrRSs and the role of the N1 domain in translational fidelity.
authors.affiliation: From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China and.
authors.forename: Xiao-Long
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China and.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China and.
authors.forename: Zhi-Peng
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China and.
authors.forename: Zhi-Rong
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.affiliation: the School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 200031 Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China and.
authors.forename: Ru-Juan
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China and.
authors.forename: Mei-Qin
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.affiliation: From the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China and the School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 200031 Shanghai, China edwang@sibcb.ac.cn.
authors.forename: En-Duo
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D045623:Mycoplasma capricolum / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D000072417:Protein Domains; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity; D013914:Threonine-tRNA Ligase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D013914:Threonine-tRNA Ligase
keywords: aminoacyl tRNA synthetase; protein synthesis; transfer RNA (tRNA); translation; translation control