title: Emerging role of chemokine CC motif ligand 4 related mechanisms in diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease: friends or foes?
abstract: Chemokines are critical components in pathology. The roles of chemokine CC motif ligand 4 (CCL4) and its receptor are associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and atherosclerosis cardiovascular diseases. However, due to the complexity of these diseases, the specific effects of CCL4 remain unclear, although recent reports have suggested that multiple pathways are related to CCL4. In this review, we provide an overview of the role and potential mechanisms of CCL4 and one of its major receptors, fifth CC chemokine receptor (CCR5), in DM and cardiovascular diseases. CCL4-related mechanisms, including CCL4 and CCR5, might provide potential therapeutic targets in DM and/or atherosclerosis cardiovascular diseases.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Ting-Ting
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. jwchen@vghtpe.gov.tw.|Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. jwchen@vghtpe.gov.tw.|Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. jwchen@vghtpe.gov.tw.|Division of Clinical Research, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. jwchen@vghtpe.gov.tw.
authors.forename: Jaw-Wen
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D054407:Chemokine CCL4 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008024:Ligands; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C066507:CCL4 protein, human; C584933:CCR5 protein, human; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D008024:Ligands; D019713:Receptors, CCR5
keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Chemokine; Chemokine CC motif ligand 4; Diabetes mellitus; Fifth CC chemokine receptor