title: Molecular characterization and serodiagnostic potential of a novel dithiol glutaredoxin 1 from Echinococcus granulosus.
abstract: The larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus is the etiological agent of cystic echinococcosis (CE), which causes serious morbidity and mortality in many areas. There is no reliable method to monitor sheep CE. Here, we characterize E. granulosus glutaredoxin 1 (Eg-Grx1) and report an improved immunodiagnostic method for CE.
  
  
  
  We cloned and expressed recombinant Eg-Grx1 and generated antibodies. We analyzed the location of the protein in different parasite stages by fluorescence immunohistochemistry, detected the immunogenicity of recombinant Eg-Grx1, and developed an indirect ELISA (iELISA) for CE serodiagnosis.
  
  
  
  Eg-Grx1 is a classic dithiol Grx with several GSH-binding motifs. Native Eg-Grx1 protein was distributed in the tegument of protoscoleces, the whole germinal layer, and the parenchymatous tissue of adult worms. Recombinant Eg-Grx1 exhibited good immunoreactivity to CE-infected sheep serum. An iELISA using this antigen showed specificity of 64.3 % (9/14) and sensitivity of 1:3200, and the diagnostic accordance rate was 97.9 % (47/48) compared with the results of necropsy.
  
  
  
  We characterized a novel Grx (Eg-Grx1) from a parasitic helminth and present a comprehensive analysis of the sequence and structure of this protein. The recombinant Eg-Grx1 protein showed good potential serodiagnostic performance, and we established an iELISA method, which may contribute to the surveillance of sheep CE in epidemic areas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Xingju
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Song
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Dandan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Xiaobin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, College of Life and Basic Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China.
authors.forename: Xuerong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China. guangyou1963@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Guangyou
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004443:Echinococcosis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary; D048209:Echinococcus granulosus / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000502:physiology; D054477:Glutaredoxins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007814:Larva; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011487:Protein Conformation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012698:Serologic Tests; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D054477:Glutaredoxins
keywords: Cystic echinococcosis; Echinococcus granulosus; Glutaredoxin; Immunolocalization; Indirect ELISA