title: The Effectiveness of Diaphragmatic Breathing Relaxation Training for Reducing Anxiety.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness on reducing anxiety of a diaphragmatic breathing relaxation (DBR) training program.
  
  
  METHODS
  This experimental, pre-test-post-test randomized controlled trial with repeated measures collected data using the Beck Anxiety Inventory and biofeedback tests for skin conductivity, peripheral blood flow, heart rate, and breathing rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The experimental group achieved significant reductions in Beck Anxiety Inventory scores (p < .05), peripheral temperature (p = .026), heart rate (p = .005), and breathing rate (p = .004) over the 8-week training period. The experimental group further achieved a significant reduction in breathing rate (p < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings provide guidance for providing quality care that effectively reduces the anxiety level of care recipients in clinical and community settings.
authors.affiliation: Nurse, Department of Nursing, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Yu-Fen
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Xuan-Yi
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Ching-Hui
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chien
authors.affiliation: Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Jui-Fen
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000628:therapy*; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology / Q000379:methods*; D001945:Breathing Exercises / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D012064:Relaxation Therapy / Q000193:education / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Abdominal breathing; anxiety; effect; relaxation training