title: Microbiota in Breast Milk of Chinese Lactating Mothers.
abstract: The microbiota of breast milk from Chinese lactating mothers at different stages of lactation was examined in the framework of a Maternal Infant Nutrition Growth (MING) study investigating the dietary habits and breast milk composition in Chinese urban mothers. We used microbiota profiling based on the sequencing of fragments of 16S rRNA gene and specific qPCR for bifidobacteria, lactobacilli and total bacteria to study microbiota of the entire breast milk collected using standard protocol without aseptic cleansing (n = 60), and the microbiota of the milk collected aseptically (n = 30). We have also investigated the impact of the delivery mode and the stage of lactation on the microbiota composition. The microbiota of breast milk was dominated by streptococci and staphylococci for both collection protocols and, in the case of standard collection protocol, Acinetobacter sp. While the predominance of streptococci and staphylococci was consistently reported previously for other populations, the abundance of Acinetobacter sp. was reported only once before in a study where milk collection was done without aseptic cleansing of the breast and rejection of foremilk. Higher bacterial counts were found in the milk collected using standard protocol. Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli were present in few samples with low abundance. We observed no effect of the stage of lactation or the delivery mode on microbiota composition. Methodological and geographical differences likely explain the variability in microbiota composition reported to date.
authors.affiliation: Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sakwinska
authors.affiliation: Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Déborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Moine
authors.affiliation: Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delley
authors.affiliation: Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Séverine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Combremont
authors.affiliation: Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Enea
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rezzonico
authors.affiliation: Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Descombes
authors.affiliation: Nestlé Research Center Beijing, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vinyes-Pares
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition & Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yumei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition & Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Peiyu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Sagar K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Thakkar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002681:China; D006801:Humans; D007774:Lactation; D064307:Microbiota / Q000235:genetics; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000382:microbiology*; D009035:Mothers; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S