title: Acute effect of static exercise in patients with aortic regurgitation assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance: role of left ventricular remodelling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In patients with aortic regurgitation (AR), the effect of static exercise (SE) on global ventricular function and AR severity has not been previously studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Resting and SE cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) were prospectively performed in 23 asymptomatic patients with AR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During SE, we observed a decrease in regurgitant volume in both end-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic (ESV) volume in both ventricles, as well as a slight decrease in LV ejection fraction (EF). Interestingly, responses varied depending on the degree of LV remodelling. Among patients with a greater degree of LV remodelling, we observed a decrease in LVEF (56 ± 4 % at rest vs 48 ± 7 % during SE, p = 0.001) as a result of a lower decrease in LVESV (with respect to LVEDV. Among patients with a lower degree of LV remodelling, LVEF remained unchanged. RVEF remained unchanged in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with AR, SE provoked a reduction in preload, LV stroke volume, and regurgitant volume. In those patients with higher LV remodelling, we observed a decrease in LVEF, suggesting a lower LV contractile reserve.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • In patients with aortic regurgitation, static exercise reduced preload volume. • In patients with aortic regurgitation, static exercise reduced stroke volume. • In patients with aortic regurgitation, static exercise reduced regurgitant volume. • In patients with greater remodelling, static exercise unmasked a lower contractile reserve. • Effect of static exercise on aortic regurgitation was assessed by cardiac MR.
authors.affiliation: Grup de Recerca Cardiovascular, Departments of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. del Dr. Josep Laporte 2, 43204, Reus, Spain. josepmaria.alegret@urv.cat.
authors.forename: Josep M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Alegret
authors.affiliation: Grup de Recerca Cardiovascular, Departments of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. del Dr. Josep Laporte 2, 43204, Reus, Spain.
authors.forename: Neus
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Martinez-Micaelo
authors.affiliation: Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: La Gerche
authors.affiliation: Grup de Recerca Cardiovascular, Departments of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. del Dr. Josep Laporte 2, 43204, Reus, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Franco-Bonafonte
authors.affiliation: Grup de Recerca Cardiovascular, Departments of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. del Dr. Josep Laporte 2, 43204, Reus, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rubio-Pérez
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
authors.forename: Nahum
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montero
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D001022:Aortic Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012146:Rest; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*
keywords: Aortic regurgitation; Cardiovascular magnetic resonance; Left ventricular remodelling; Static exercise; Ventricular function