title: Association between carotid intima-media thickness and adiponectin in participants without diabetes or cardiovascular disease of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).
abstract: Objective The study assessed the association of adiponectin concentration with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in middle-aged participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) without diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Design Cross-sectional analyses. Methods A sample of 687 individuals (35-54 years old) without diabetes or cardiovascular disease was stratified into two categories according to CIMT (< or ≥ 75th percentile). Traditional risk factors, C-reactive protein and adiponectin values were compared between categories by Student's t-test and frequencies by chi-square test. In linear regression models, associations of CIMT with adiponectin, adjusted for adiposity, blood pressure, C-reactive protein and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance were tested. Mean CIMT values were compared across quartiles of adiponectin concentrations using analysis of variance. Results Three hundred and forty-one individuals (49.6%) were women and 130 (19.0%) had three traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Those with elevated CIMT (21.8%) had greater mean values of body mass index (26.2(3.8) vs. 27.7(4.0)kg/m2, p < 0.001), waist circumference (86.9(10.1) vs. 90.1(10.8) cm, p = 0.001), systolic blood pressure (116.2(13.6) vs.121.2(16.1) mmHg, p < 0.001), homeostasis model assessment index (1.4(0.9-2.4) vs. 1.8(1.1-2.9), p = 0.011), C-reactive protein (1.2 (0.6-2.6) vs. 1.4(0.8-3.2) mg/l, p = 0.054) and adiponectin (9.9 (6.0-14.7) vs. 8.9 (5.3-13.8) µg/ml, p = 0.002) levels than the counterpart, while plasma glucose and lipids were not different between groups. In the adjusted model, blood pressure (directly) and adiponectin (inversely) persisted associated with high CIMT. Mean CIMT was greater in the first quartile of adiponectin when compared with the other three quartiles ( p = 0.019). Conclusions Lower adiponectin levels together with higher blood pressure were independently associated with elevated CIMT. Adiponectin concentration may be an independent marker of early structural damage in individuals at low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk.
authors.affiliation: 1 School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: de Almeida-Pititto
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando Flexa
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Ribeiro-Filho
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Itamar S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Lotufo
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Isabela M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Bensenor
authors.affiliation: 1 School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sandra Rg
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Ferreira
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D016014:Linear Models; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers
keywords: Adiponectin; IMT; cardiovascular risk factors; insulin resistance