title: Supplementation with L-glutamine prevents tumor growth and cancer-induced cachexia as well as restores cell proliferation of intestinal mucosa of Walker-256 tumor-bearing rats.
abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the intestinal mucosa of the duodenum and jejunum of Walker-256 tumor-bearing rats supplemented with L-glutamine. Thirty-two male 50-day-old Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly divided into four groups: control (C), control supplemented with 2 % L-glutamine (GC), Walker-256 tumor (WT), and Walker-256 tumor supplemented with 2 % L-glutamine (TWG). Walker-256 tumor was induced by inoculation viable tumor cells in the right rear flank. After 10 days, celiotomy was performed and duodenal and jejunal tissues were removed and processed. We evaluated the cachexia index, proliferation index, villus height, crypt depth, total height of the intestinal wall, and number of goblet cells by the technique of periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). Induction of Walker-256 tumor promoted a reduction of metaphase index in the TW group animals, which was accompanied by a reduction in the villous height and crypt depths, resulting in atrophy of the intestinal wall as well as increased PAS-positive goblet cells. Supplementation with L-glutamine reduced the tumor growth and inhibited the development of the cachectic syndrome in animals of the TWG group. Furthermore, amino acid supplementation promoted beneficial effects on the intestinal mucosa in the TWG animals through restoration of the number of PAS-positive goblet cells. Therefore, supplementation with 2 % L-glutamine exhibited a promising role in the prevention of tumor growth and cancer-associated cachexia as well as restoring the intestinal mucosa in the duodenum and jejunum of Walker-256 tumor-bearing rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Heber Amilcar
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila Caviquioli
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Sehaber
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Catchia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hermes-Uliana
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Centro Universitário Cesumar, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernando Augusto
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Mariani
authors.affiliation: Department of General Pathology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flavia Alessandra
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Guarnier
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Geraldo Emílio
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Vicentini
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gleison Daion Piovezana
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Bossolani
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Centro Universitário Cesumar, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Laraine Almeida
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Jussani
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana Machado
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberto Barbosa
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Bazotte
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, No. 5790 Bloco H-79, Maringá, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil. zanonijn@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Jacqueline Nelisis
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Zanoni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002100:Cachexia / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005973:Glutamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D005973:Glutamine
keywords: Cancer-associated cachexia; Cell proliferation; Intestinal mucosa; L-Glutamine; Tumor growth