title: Patients' experiences of support for learning to live with diabetes to promote health and well-being: A lifeworld phenomenological study.
abstract: Learning to live with diabetes in such a way that the new conditions will be a normal and natural part of life imposes requirements on the person living with diabetes. Previous studies have shown that there is no clear picture of what and how the learning that would allow persons to incorporate the illness into their everyday life will be supported. The aim of this study is to describe the phenomenon of support for learning to live with diabetes to promote health and well-being, from the patient's perspective. Data were collected by interviews with patients living with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. The interviews were analysed using a reflective lifeworld approach. The results show that reflection plays a central role for patients with diabetes in achieving a new understanding of the health process, and awareness of their own responsibility was found to be the key factor for such a reflection. The constituents are responsibility creating curiosity and willpower, openness enabling support, technology verifying bodily feelings, a permissive climate providing for participation and exchanging experiences with others. The study concludes that the challenge for caregivers is to create interactions in an open learning climate that initiates and supports reflection to promote health and well-being.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Science, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.|Department of Administration, Kronoberg County Council, Växjö, Sweden.|Primary Care, Region Kronoberg County Council, Växjö, Sweden; karin.johansson@kronoberg.se.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Science, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sofia Almerud
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Österberg
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Social Sciences, University Dalarna, Falun, Sweden.|Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Janeth
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leksell
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Education, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berglund
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001364:Awareness; D032882:Comprehension; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000523:psychology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006262:Health; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D013850:Thinking
keywords: Diabetes; health; lifeworld; phenomenology; reflection; support for learning; well-being