title: Flavonoids Isolated from Flowers of Lonicera japonica Thunb. Inhibit Inflammatory Responses in BV2 Microglial Cells by Suppressing TNF-α and IL-β Through PI3K/Akt/NF-kb Signaling Pathways.
abstract: Decoctions of the dried flowers of Lonicera japonica Thunb. (Indongcho) have been utilized in folk remedies against various inflammatory diseases, and it is reported neuroprotective effects. The cytokines release from microglia is closely linked to various chronic neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. It is still unknown whether the neuroprotective effects are associated with the antiinflammatory effects. Here, we determined whether polyphenols extracted from lyophilized Lonicera japonica Thunb. (PELJ) would inhibit inflammatory cytokines and mediators. We stimulated microglia with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to produce inflammatory cytokines, and then assessed the effects of PELJ on these cytokines. PELJ significantly inhibited LPS-induced interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α expressions and LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2expressions by down-regulating inducible enzyme NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 at the protein and mRNA levels. All the suppression of these mediators did not cause any significant cytotoxicity. PELJ also inhibited the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B and phosphorylated Akt. These findings suggest that PELJ may offer substantial therapeutic potential for treating inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines through inhibiting phosphoinositol 3-kinase /Akt/nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Natural Products Research Team, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, 33662, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, 660-702, Korea. lwshmo@hanmail.net.
authors.forename: Won Sup
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, 660-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Arulkumar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagappan
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Oriental Medicine and anti-Aging Research Center & Blue-Bio Industry RIC, Dongeui University, Busan, 614-052, South Korea.
authors.forename: Su Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, 660-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Dongeui University, Busan, 614-714, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Cheol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, 660-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, 690-756, South Korea.
authors.forename: Gi-Young
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: GonSup
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, 660-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Myung
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science(BK 21 Program), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Chung Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.affiliation: Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, 660-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Soon Chan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Oriental Medicine and anti-Aging Research Center & Blue-Bio Industry RIC, Dongeui University, Busan, 614-052, South Korea. choiyh@deu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yung Hyun
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry*; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry*; D031239:Lonicera / Q000737:chemistry*; D017628:Microglia / Q000166:cytology*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D005419:Flavonoids; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
keywords: Akt; BV2; Lonicera japonica Thunb; NF-kB; antiinflammatory activity