title: Near-Infrared Emitting PbS Quantum Dots for in Vivo Fluorescence Imaging of the Thrombotic State in Septic Mouse Brain.
abstract: Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent imaging is a powerful tool for the non-invasive visualization of the inner structure of living organisms. Recently, NIR fluorescence imaging at 1000-1400 nm (second optical window) has been shown to offer better spatial resolution compared with conventional NIR fluorescence imaging at 700-900 nm (first optical window). Here we report lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots (QDs) and their use for in vivo NIR fluorescence imaging of cerebral venous thrombosis in septic mice. Highly fluorescent PbS QDs with a 1100 nm emission peak (QD1100) were prepared from lead acetate and hexamethyldisilathiane, and the surface of QD1100 was coated with mercaptoundecanoic acid so as to be soluble in water. NIR fluorescence imaging of the cerebral vessels of living mice was performed after intravascular injection (200-300 μL) of QD1100 (3 μM) from a caudal vein. By detecting the NIR fluorescence of QD1100, we achieved non-invasive NIR fluorescence imaging of cerebral blood vessels through the scalp and skull. We also achieved NIR fluorescence imaging of cerebral venous thrombosis in septic mice induced by the administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). From the NIR fluorescence imaging, we found that the number of thrombi in septic mice was significantly increased by the administration of LPS. The formation of thrombi in cerebral blood vessels in septic mice was confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We also found that the number of thrombi significantly decreased after the administration of heparin, an inhibitor of blood coagulation. These results show that NIR fluorescence imaging with QD1100 is useful for the evaluation of the pathological state of cerebral blood vessels in septic mice.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Nano-Bio Probes, Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), Riken, Suita 565-0874, Japan. yukio.imamura@riken.jp.
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Imamura
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Nano-Bio Probes, Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), Riken, Suita 565-0874, Japan. sayumi.yamada@riken.jp.
authors.forename: Sayumi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Nano-Bio Probes, Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), Riken, Suita 565-0874, Japan. setsuko.tsuboi@riken.jp.
authors.forename: Setsuko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsuboi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Nano-Bio Probes, Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), Riken, Suita 565-0874, Japan. yuko_nakane@digital-biology.co.jp.|Tomy Digital Biology Co. Ltd., Tokyo 110-0008, Japan. yuko_nakane@digital-biology.co.jp.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakane
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Nano-Bio Probes, Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), Riken, Suita 565-0874, Japan. ytsuka0214@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsukasaki
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Nano-Bio Probes, Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), Riken, Suita 565-0874, Japan. komatsu.qbic@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Akihito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Komatsuzaki
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Nano-Bio Probes, Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), Riken, Suita 565-0874, Japan. tjin@riken.jp.|Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan. tjin@riken.jp.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D061848:Optical Imaging / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D045663:Quantum Dots / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D018805:Sepsis / Q000150:complications*; D013440:Sulfides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D013440:Sulfides; C018391:lead sulfide; D007854:Lead
keywords: in vivo imaging; lipopolysaccharide; near-infrared fluorescence; pathological state; quantum dots; sepsis