title: High Triglycerides Predicts Arteriogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Subjects With Sexual Dysfunction.
abstract: The atherogenic role of triglycerides (TG) remains controversial. The aim of the present study is to analyze the contribution of TG in the pathogenesis of erectile dysfunction (ED) and to verify the value of elevated TG in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).
  
  
  
  An unselected series of 3,990 men attending our outpatient clinic for sexual dysfunction was retrospectively studied. A subset of this sample (n = 1,687) was enrolled in a longitudinal study.
  
  
  
  Several clinical, biochemical, and instrumental (penile color Doppler ultrasound; PCDU) factors were evaluated.
  
  
  
  Among the patients studied, after adjustment for confounders, higher TG levels were associated with arteriogenic ED and a higher risk of clinical and biochemical hypogonadism. Conversely, no association between TG and other sexual dysfunctions was observed. When pathological PCDU parameters-including flaccid acceleration (<1.17 m/sec(2)) or dynamic peak systolic velocity (PSV <35 cm/sec)-were considered, the negative association between impaired penile flow and higher TG levels was confirmed, even when subjects taking lipid-lowering drugs or those with diabetes were excluded from the analysis (OR = 6.343 [1.243;32.362], P = .026 and 3.576 [1.104;11.578]; P = .34 for impaired acceleration and PSV, respectively). Similarly, when the same adjusted models were applied, TG levels were associated with a higher risk of hypogonadism, independently of the definition criteria (OR = 2.892 [1.643;5.410], P < .0001 and 4.853 [1.965;11.990]; P = .001 for total T <12 and 8 nM, respectively). In the longitudinal study, after adjusting for confounders, elevated TG levels (upper quartile: 162-1686 mg/dL) were independently associated with a higher incidence of MACE (HR = 2.469 [1.019;5.981]; P = .045), when compared to the rest of the sample.
  
  
  
  Our data suggest an association between elevated TG and arteriogenic ED and its cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification. Whether the use of TG lowering drugs might improve ED and its associated CV risk must be confirmed through specific trials.
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology Unit, Medical Department, Azienda Usl Bologna Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Corona
authors.affiliation: Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental, Clinical, and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cipriani
authors.affiliation: Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental, Clinical, and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rastrelli
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology Unit, Medical Department, Azienda Usl Bologna Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sforza
authors.affiliation: Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental, Clinical, and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Diabetes Agency, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Edoardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mannucci
authors.affiliation: Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental, Clinical, and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. Electronic address: m.maggi@dfc.unifi.it.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maggi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007006:Hypogonadism / Q000150:complications; D018783:Impotence, Vasculogenic / Q000150:complications*; D015994:Incidence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010413:Penis / Q000098:blood supply; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color
chemical_list: D014280:Triglycerides
keywords: Cardiovascular Diseases; Erectile Dysfunction; Late Onset Hypogonadism; Testosterone; Triglycerides