title: Catalase and ascorbate peroxidase-representative H2O2-detoxifying heme enzymes in plants.
abstract: Plants have to counteract unavoidable stress-caused anomalies such as oxidative stress to sustain their lives and serve heterotrophic organisms including humans. Among major enzymatic antioxidants, catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX; EC 1.11.1.11) are representative heme enzymes meant for metabolizing stress-provoked reactive oxygen species (ROS; such as H2O2) and controlling their potential impacts on cellular metabolism and functions. CAT mainly occurs in peroxisomes and catalyzes the dismutation reaction without requiring any reductant; whereas, APX has a higher affinity for H2O2 and utilizes ascorbate (AsA) as specific electron donor for the reduction of H2O2 into H2O in organelles including chloroplasts, cytosol, mitochondria, and peroxisomes. Literature is extensive on the glutathione-associated H2O2-metabolizing systems in plants. However, discussion is meager or scattered in the literature available on the biochemical and genomic characterization as well as techniques for the assays of CAT and APX and their modulation in plants under abiotic stresses. This paper aims (a) to introduce oxidative stress-causative factors and highlights their relationship with abiotic stresses in plants; (b) to overview structure, occurrence, and significance of CAT and APX in plants;
authors.affiliation: CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal. anjum@ua.pt.
authors.forename: Naser A
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9953-0703
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Anjum
authors.affiliation: Centre for Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi, 435020, India. drpallavi1978@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Pallavi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre for Biotechnology, MD University, Rohtak, 124001, India.
authors.forename: Sarvajeet S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Mirza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hasanuzzaman
authors.affiliation: Centre for Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi, 435020, India.
authors.forename: Ekhlaque A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Centre for Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi, 435020, India.
authors.forename: Kiran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kachhap
authors.affiliation: Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Egypt.
authors.forename: Amal A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, Tamil Nadu, -636011, India.
authors.forename: Palaniswamy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thangavel
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, Tamil Nadu, -636011, India.
authors.forename: Gurumayum Devmanjuri
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Devi
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, Tamil Nadu, -636011, India.
authors.forename: Palanisamy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vasudhevan
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sofo
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
authors.forename: Nafees A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.affiliation: Centre for Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu Lohardaga Road, Brambe, Ranchi, 435020, India. misraan@yahoo.co.uk.
authors.forename: Amarendra Narayan
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Misra
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Physiology and Ecology of Plants, N.P. Ogarev Mordovia State University, Bolshevistskaja Str., 68, Saransk, 430005, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexander S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Lukatkin
authors.affiliation: Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
authors.forename: Harminder Pal
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.affiliation: CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Eduarda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Amity Institute of Microbial Technology (AIMT), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, E3 Block, Sector 125, Noida, UP, 201303, India. ntuteja@amity.edu.
authors.forename: Narendra
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tuteja
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D060387:Ascorbate Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006418:Heme / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D010944:Plants / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D006418:Heme; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D060387:Ascorbate Peroxidases; D002374:Catalase
keywords: Abiotic stress; Ascorbate peroxidase; Catalase; Oxidative stress; Plant stress tolerance; Reactive oxygen species