title: An analysis of HPV infection incidence and clearance by genotype and age in men: The HPV Infection in Men (HIM) Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Genital HPV infection in men causes benign and cancerous lesions, the incidence of which differs by age. The goal of this work was to comprehensively evaluate incidence and clearance of individual HPV genotypes among men by age group.
  
  
  METHODS
  HIV-negative men ages 18-70 with no history of anogenital cancer were recruited for theHPV Infection in Men (HIM) Study. Participants completed clinical exams and questionnaires every six months for up to ~4 years. Genital specimens underwent HPV genotyping, with associations between age and HPV assessed using Cox analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  4085 men were followed for a median of 48.6 months (range: 0.3-94.0). Significantly lower HPV incidence rates were observed among the oldest age group (55-70 years) for grouped high-risk (incidence rate ratio [IRR]=0.71), HPV16 (IRR=0.54), grouped low-risk (IRR=0.74), and HPV6 (IRR=0.57) infections compared to men ages 18-24. However, incidence of the grouped 9-valent HPV vaccine types remained constant across the lifespan. Likelihood of HPV6 and HPV16 clearance remained constant until age 54, then increased significantly for men ages 55-70 (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR]=1.92 and 1.65, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Men remain susceptible to HPV infections throughout their lifespan, highlighting the need for prevention efforts with long-lasting duration.
authors.affiliation: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Donna J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Ingles
authors.affiliation: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Hui-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Fulp
authors.affiliation: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Staci L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Sudenga
authors.affiliation: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Beibei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Schabath
authors.affiliation: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Mary R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Papenfuss
authors.affiliation: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Martha E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Abrahamsen
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico; Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salmeron
authors.affiliation: University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luisa L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Mexico; Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico.
authors.forename: Eduardo Lazcano
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Ponce
authors.affiliation: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Anna R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Giuliano
keywords: Age-specific; Clearance; HIM Study; Human papillomavirus; Incidence; Natural history