title: Factors Associated with (18)F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake in T1 and T2 Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between diversity of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) uptake of primary tumor in positron emission tomography (PET) and various clinicopathologic factors in breast cancer of same pathologic T1, T2 stage.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 258 patients with invasive ductal breast cancer were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent (18)F-FDG PET-CT before surgery. Patients were divided into two groups according to tumor size based on the pathologic T stage, and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of 2.5, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the univariate analysis, estrogen receptor (ER), tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, p53, pathologic N status (pN) and Nottingham tumor grade (NG) were associated with high SUVmax in T1 and T2 breast cancer. On the multivariate logistic regression, tumor size and NG remained significant variables dividing high and low SUVmax. In the T1 group, ER, p53 and NG were significantly associated with high SUVmax on the univariate analysis. In this group, p53 and NG remained significant variables for dividing high and low SUVmax on the multivariate logistic regression. In the T2 group, only NG was associated with high SUVmax on the univariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NG showed an association with (18)F-FDG uptake in both T1 and T2 breast cancer independently; however, p53 in T1 breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea.
authors.forename: So Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea ; Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seong-Jang
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea.
authors.forename: In Joo
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyoungjune
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pak
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Bum Soo
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seunghyeon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shin
keywords: Breast neoplasms; F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose; Positron emission tomography; TNM staging