title: Expression of activated Notch1 and Hey1 in papillary thyroid carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Notch signalling pathway is involved in normal development as well as tumorigenesis. However, it is unclear whether Notch activation is related to diverse clinicopathological factors in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We examined the relationship between clinicopathological factors and the expression of activated Notch1 and Hey1, which are indicators of Notch signalling pathway activation, in 109 PTC cases. Activated Notch1 showed strong, moderate and weak expression in 23, 48 and 36 cases, respectively. Its expression was related significantly to histopathological variants (P = 0.007), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.016), BRAF mutation (P = 0.036) and extent of surgery (P = 0.014). Hey1 immunostaining could be divided into two groups: positive and negative, with 26 and 83 cases, respectively. Its expression was related significantly to histopathological variants (P = 0.026), extrathyroidal extension (P = 0.005), BRAF mutation (P = 0.048) and recurrence or soft tissue metastasis (P = 0.000). Multivariate analysis revealed that tumour size (>1 cm), Hey1 immunoreactivity and the presence of lymph node metastasis were associated significantly with recurrence or soft tissue metastasis (odds ratio = 7.38, 4.28 and 12.00, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thus, we found that activation of Notch signalling was correlated significantly with clinicopathological parameters. Therefore, Notch signalling could be a useful prognostic marker in patients with PTC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang Won
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jun Suk
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyesil
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seol
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea.|Laboratory of Radiation Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sunhoo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea.|Laboratory of Radiation Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Sook
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Joo
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ik Joon
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea.|Laboratory of Radiation Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Kyung
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Myung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051881:Receptor, Notch1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000077273:Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D051881:Receptor, Notch1; C485631:HEY1 protein, human; C497761:NOTCH1 protein, human
keywords: Hey1; activated Notch1; papillary thyroid carcinoma