title: Peripheral levels of angiotensins are associated with depressive symptoms in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The pathogenesis of PD remains elusive. The renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) has recently been implicated in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. This study aimed to compare plasma levels of components of the RAS of individuals with PD with controls. We also investigated the association between these circulating markers and motor, depressive and cognitive parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty PD patients and twenty controls were subjected to clinical evaluation, including cognitive and depressive symptoms assessment. Plasma levels of Angiotensin (Ang) I, Ang II, Ang- (1-7), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and ACE2 were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  PD patients presented lower plasma levels of Ang I, Ang II and Ang- (1-7) than control individuals. Among PD patients, lower circulating levels of angiotensins were associated with increased severity of depressive symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study showing that peripheral levels of RAS components are changed in PD and associated with depressive symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica (LIIM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Neuropsychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States. Electronic address: npessoarocha@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Natalia Pessoa
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Neurobiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paula Luciana
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Scalzo
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica (LIIM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Izabela Guimarães
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica (LIIM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Salvina Maria
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: de Campos-Carli
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica (LIIM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lívia Duarte
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Tavares
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte Hospital, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana Soares
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte Hospital, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Pereira
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Christo
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Helton José
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica (LIIM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Cristina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Simões E Silva
authors.affiliation: Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica (LIIM), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Neuropsychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.
authors.forename: Antônio Lúcio
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Teixeira
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000809:Angiotensins / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications*; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000097:blood; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D000809:Angiotensins; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
keywords: Cognition; Depression; Non-motor symptoms; Parkinson's disease; Renin-angiotensin system