title: Probiotics as an environment-friendly approach to enhance red sea bream, Pagrus major growth, immune response and oxidative status.
abstract: A usual strategy in modern aquaculture to combat production bottlenecks associated with intensification is preventive health care through the use of consumer and environment-friendly alternatives including probiotics. The current study evaluates the influence of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR), a lyophilized probiotic bacterium, on health status and performance of red sea bream (Pagrus major). Probiotics were incorporated in the diets at four different concentrations: 0 (control diet, LR0), 10(2) (LR1), 10(4) (LR2) and 10(6) (LR3) cells g(-1) and diets were administered to the fish for a period of 8 weeks. After the feeding trial, final body weight, body weight gain, specific growth rate, protease activity, protein digestibility, Lactobacillus sp. intestinal count, and superoxide dismutase were significantly higher in all probiotic-fed groups (P < 0.05). In addition, lipid and dry matter digestibility, reactive oxygen metabolites, biological antioxidant potential, and humoral and mucosal immune parameters including (total serum protein, alternative complement pathway, bactericidal and peroxidase activities) were also significantly elevated in fish fed probiotic supplementations being the effects dose-dependent. All growth, feed utilization, immune and oxidative parameters were significantly improved following probiotic administration. Present results revealed that L. rhamnosus is a promising probiotic candidate employed to help red sea bream protect themselves, thus promoting safe farming that would be less dependent on chemotherapy against infectious diseases.
authors.affiliation: The United Graduate School of Agriculture Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan; Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt. Electronic address: omdawood_eg@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Mahmoud A O
authors.initials: MAO
authors.lastname: Dawood
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan.
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koshio
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan.
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and clinical nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mabrouk
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El-Sabagh
authors.affiliation: Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: M Angeles
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Esteban
authors.affiliation: Animal Health Research Institute(AHRI-DOKI), Egypt.
authors.forename: Amr I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Zaineldin
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D052201:Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus / Q000737:chemistry*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010473:Perciformes / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology*; D019936:Probiotics; D011897:Random Allocation
keywords: Environmental approach; Growth; Gut microbiota; Humoral immunity; Mucosal immunity; Oxidative status; Probiotics; Red sea bream