title: High Prevalence of Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease in Children With Intestinal Failure.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to describe the prevalence and clinical features of gastrointestinal (GI) eosinophilic inflammation among pediatric patients with intestinal failure (IF).
  
  
  
  Medical records of all patients studied in our institution's IF program who underwent GI endoscopy over a 15-year period were reviewed, and clinical, pathologic, nutrition, and laboratory data collected.
  
  
  
  One hundred five patients underwent 208 GI endoscopic procedures with biopsy. The overall prevalence of eosinophilic inflammation, defined as increased eosinophils in at least 1 tissue type on at least 1 endoscopy, was 39 of 105 (37%). The tissue-specific prevalence of eosinophilic inflammation ranged widely, with the colon/rectosigmoid being the most common (18/68, 26%), followed by the esophagus (17/83, 20%), ileum (9/54, 17%), duodenum (4/83, 5%), and stomach (3/83, 4%). Higher peripheral eosinophil count and hematochezia were associated with eosinophilic inflammation in the colon (P = 0.002 and 0.0004, respectively). The use of a strict elemental diet for 3 months before endoscopy was not associated with a decreased frequency of eosinophilic inflammation in any tissue.
  
  
  
  Eosinophilic inflammation is a common histopathological finding in patients with IF. Colonic eosinophilic inflammation is associated with clinical symptoms of GI blood loss, and peripheral eosinophilia, and was not abrogated by a strict elemental diet.
authors.affiliation: *Center for Advanced Intestinal Rehabilitation†Department of Surgery‡Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition§Clinical Research Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Danielle A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Stamm
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hait
authors.forename: Heather J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Litman
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Duggan
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D004724:Endoscopy; D004751:Enteritis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004802:Eosinophilia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005756:Gastritis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition / Q000009:adverse effects; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors