title: Preoperative paracetamol improves post-cesarean delivery pain management: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the analgesic effect of preoperative single dose intravenous paracetamol on postoperative pain and analgesic consumption within 24hours after elective cesarean surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  University Teaching Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I and II 60 patients between 18-40years of age who were scheduled to undergo elective cesarean section.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomized into two groups to receive either intravenous 1g paracetamol (100mL) (Group P) or 0.9% NaCl solution (100mL) (Group C) 15minutes before the induction of general anesthesia. After delivery of newborn 0.15mg kg(-1) morphine was administered to all patients in both groups. Postoperative analgesia was provided with patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with morphine in the postoperative period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pain which is the primary outcome measure was assessed at 15th, 30th minutes and 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 12th, 24th hours by the Visual Analogue Scale. Patients' demographics, hemodynamics, Apgar score, additional analgesic requirement, side effects, patients' satisfaction and postoperative total morphine consumption within 24hours were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median visual analogue scale for pain in Group P was significantly lower compared to Group C at all time points except for the score at 24th h postoperatively (P<.05). Additional analgesic requirement during postoperative first hour was lower in Group P (P<.05). Total morphine consumption was higher in Group C compared with Group P (P<.05). There was no difference between groups with respect to Apgar scores, side effects, and patient satisfaction (P>.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative use of single-dose intravenous 1g paracetamol was found to be effective in reducing the severity of pain and opioid requirements within 24hours after cesarean section.
authors.affiliation: Baskent University School of Medicine, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Adana, Turkey. Electronic address: ozlemyilma@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ozlem
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ozmete
authors.affiliation: Baskent University School of Medicine, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Adana, Turkey. Electronic address: caglaetike@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Cagla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bali
authors.affiliation: Baskent University School of Medicine, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Adana, Turkey. Electronic address: oyacok01@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Oya Yalcin
authors.initials: OY
authors.lastname: Cok
authors.affiliation: Baskent University School of Medicine, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Adana, Turkey. Electronic address: pergenoglu@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Pinar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ergenoglu
authors.affiliation: Baskent University School of Medicine, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Adana, Turkey. Electronic address: nesrinbozdogan@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Nesrin Bozdogan
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Ozyilkan
authors.affiliation: Baskent University School of Medicine, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Adana, Turkey. Electronic address: sakin00@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Sule
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akin
authors.affiliation: Baskent University School of Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Adana, Turkey. Electronic address: hakankalay78@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kalayci
authors.affiliation: Baskent University School of Medicine, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Adana, Turkey. Electronic address: aaribogan@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Anis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aribogan
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000328:Adult; D016362:Analgesia, Obstetrical / Q000379:methods*; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000379:methods; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical / Q000379:methods; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000379:methods*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D011247:Pregnancy; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000082:Acetaminophen; D009020:Morphine
keywords: Cesarean delivery; General anesthesia; Paracetamol; Preoperative analgesia