title: Immunoglobulin replacement therapy reduces chronic rhinosinusitis in patients with antibody deficiency.
abstract: Patients with primary antibody deficiencies have an increased frequency of sinonasal and pulmonary infections. Immunoglobulin (Ig) replacement is a standard therapy for common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and other antibody deficiency diseases. Although there is convincing evidence that Ig replacement reduces pulmonary infections, there is little evidence that it reduces sinus infections or abates chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). This study aims to identify the impact of Ig replacement on CRS in antibody deficiencies.
  
  
  
  A single-center, retrospective chart review of adult patients from 1995 to 2015 was performed. Inclusion criteria were diagnosis of CVID or specific antibody deficiency (SAD), history of CRS requiring medical and/or surgical management within the year prior to presentation, treatment with Ig replacement therapy, and follow-up interval of at least 1 year after initiating Ig replacement. Patients with secondary immune deficiencies were excluded. Thirty-one patients met criteria. Data collected included pretreatment and posttreatment Lund-Mackay scores, and frequency of sinusitis and pulmonary infections requiring rescue antibiotics. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.
  
  
  
  A significant decline in the Lund-Mackay score was evidenced from pretreatment to posttreatment (p < 0.01). Treatment also resulted in significantly lower rates of sinusitis (p < 0.01) and pulmonary infections (p < 0.01). Additionally, 56% of patients who were on prophylactic antibiotics prior to Ig replacement were able to discontinue their use.
  
  
  
  We present objective evidence showing that Ig replacement therapy has a positive impact on the frequency of sinusitis and confirm its positive impact on pulmonary infections in adult patients with CVID and SAD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA.
authors.forename: Jarrett E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA.
authors.forename: Jose G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Gurrola
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA.
authors.forename: Scott M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.affiliation: Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA.
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Mott
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Immunology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA.|Iowa City Veterans Affairs Health Care Center, Iowa City, IA.
authors.forename: Zuhair K
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Ballas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004406:Dysgammaglobulinemia / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D007136:Immunoglobulins
keywords: chronic rhinosinusitis; immunodeficiency; immunotherapy; medical therapy of chronic rhinosinusitis; specific antibody deficiency