title: The Development and Psychometric Properties of the Children's Sleep Assessment Questionnaire in Taiwan.
abstract: To develop and examine the validity and reliability of the Children's Sleep Assessment Questionnaire (CSAQ) for school-aged children in Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a cross-sectional study design with stratified random sampling. Pairs of children and parents were recruited from a school-based sample of third- and fourth-grade students, enrolling 362 child and parent pairs. The content validity, construct validity, convergent validity, internal consistency, and inter-rater reliability of the CSAQ were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CSAQ comprised three parts: sleep hygiene, sleep quality, and sleep disturbance. Sleep hygiene showed a moderate intra-class correlation coefficient (0.37-0.66) between children and parents. Results of exploratory factor analysis suggested a four-factor structure model for sleep quality with 64.9% of variance and a two-factor structure for sleep disturbance with 57.7% of variance. These two models also demonstrated good fit with the confirmatory factor analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CSAQ is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing sleep problems in school-aged children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both clinicians and researchers can use the CSAQ to screen or elucidate the children' sleep problems.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiao-Ling
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ching-Pyng
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Michigan State University.
authors.forename: Cheng-Ching
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Ying
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address: wcl@csmu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Wen-Chun
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Liao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012890:Sleep; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D013624:Taiwan
keywords: Children's sleep assessment questionnaire; School-aged child; Sleep problems