title: Cold Shock Proteins Are Expressed in the Retina Following Exposure to Low Temperatures.
abstract: Hypothermia has been proposed as a therapeutic intervention for some retinal conditions, including ischemic insults. Cold exposure elevates expression of cold-shock proteins (CSP), including RNA-binding motif protein 3 (RBM3) and cold inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP), but their presence in mammalian retina is so far unknown. Here we show the effects of hypothermia on the expression of these CSPs in retina-derived cell lines and in the retina of newborn and adult rats. Two cell lines of retinal origin, R28 and mRPE, were exposed to 32°C for different time periods and CSP expression was measured by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Neonatal and adult Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to a cold environment (8°C) and expression of CSPs in their retinas was studied by Western blotting, multiple inmunofluorescence, and confocal microscopy. RBM3 expression was upregulated by cold in both R28 and mRPE cells in a time-dependent fashion. On the other hand, CIRP was upregulated in R28 cells but not in mRPE. In vivo, expression of CSPs was negligible in the retina of newborn and adult rats kept at room temperature (24°C). Exposure to a cold environment elicited a strong expression of both proteins, especially in retinal pigment epithelium cells, photoreceptors, bipolar, amacrine and horizontal cells, Müller cells, and ganglion cells. In conclusion, CSP expression rapidly rises in the mammalian retina following exposure to hypothermia in a cell type-specific pattern. This observation may be at the basis of the molecular mechanism by which hypothermia exerts its therapeutic effects in the retina.
authors.affiliation: Angiogenesis Study Group, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26006, Logroño, Spain.
authors.forename: Ignacio M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Larrayoz
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Paraguay 2155 (C1428ABG), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rey-Funes
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Paraguay 2155 (C1428ABG), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Daniela S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Contartese
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Paraguay 2155 (C1428ABG), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rolón
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Paraguay 2155 (C1428ABG), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Anibal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sarotto
authors.affiliation: Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y Diagnóstico (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Hidalgo 775 (C1405BCK), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Veronica B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Dorfman
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. E. De Robertis" (IBCN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Paraguay 2155 (C1428ABG), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.|Laboratorio de Neurociencia, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo. San Juan, Argentina.
authors.forename: Cesar F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Loidl
authors.affiliation: Angiogenesis Study Group, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26006, Logroño, Spain.
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martínez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D015415:Biomarkers; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D057773:Cold Shock Proteins and Peptides / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D015870:Gene Expression; D007035:Hypothermia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D011485:Protein Binding; D021381:Protein Transport; D051381:Rats; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D057773:Cold Shock Proteins and Peptides