title: Aging impairs osteoblast differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells grown on titanium by favoring adipogenesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from young and aged rats cultured on Ti.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bone marrow MSCs derived from 1-month and 21-month rats were cultured on Ti discs under osteogenic conditions for periods of up to 21 days and osteoblast and adipocyte markers were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, extracellular matrix mineralization and gene expression of RUNX2, osterix, ALP, bone sialoprotein, osteopontin, and osteocalcin were reduced in cultures of 21-month rats compared with 1-month rats grown on Ti. Gene expression of PPAR-γ , adipocyte protein 2, and resistin and lipid accumulation were increased in cultures of 21-month rats compared with 1-month rats grown on the same conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that the lower osteogenic potential of MSCs derived from aged rats compared with young rats goes along with the higher adipogenic potential in cultures grown on Ti surface. This unbalance between osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation should be considered in dental implant therapy to the elderly population.
authors.affiliation: - Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Laboratório de Cultura de Células, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Paolo Flores
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Abuna
authors.affiliation: - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina e do Envelhecimento, Araçatuba, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Camila Tami
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Stringhetta-Garcia
authors.affiliation: - Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Laboratório de Cultura de Células, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Leonardo Pimentel
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Fiori
authors.affiliation: - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina e do Envelhecimento, Araçatuba, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Rita Cassia Menegati
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Dornelles
authors.affiliation: - Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Laboratório de Cultura de Células, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Adalberto Luiz
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.affiliation: - Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Laboratório de Cultura de Células, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Marcio Mateus
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Beloti
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000502:physiology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D008055:Lipids; D014025:Titanium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase