title: Association of Empirically Derived Dietary Patterns with Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Comparison of PCA and RRR Methods.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Principal component analysis is used to determine dietary behaviors of a population whereas reduced rank regression is used to construct disease-related dietary patterns. This study aimed to compare both types of DP and theirs associations with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were derived from the cross sectional NESCAV (Nutrition, Environment and Cardiovascular Health) study, aiming to describe the cardiovascular health of the Greater region's population (Grand duchy of Luxembourg, Wallonia (Belgium), Lorraine (France)). 2298 individuals were included for this study and dietary intake was assessed using a 134-item food frequency questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that CVRF-related patterns also reflect eating behaviours of the population. Comparing concordant food groups between both dietary pattern methods, a diet high in fruits, oleaginous and dried fruits, vegetables, olive oil, fats rich in omega 6 and tea and low in fried foods, lean and fatty meat, processed meat, ready meal, soft drink and beer was associated with lower prevalence of CVRF. In the opposite, a pattern characterized by high intakes of fried foods, meat, offal, beer, wine and aperitifs and spirits, and low intakes of cereals, sugar and sweets and soft drinks was associated with higher prevalence of CVRF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In sum, we found that a "Prudent" and "Animal protein and alcohol" patterns were both associated with CVRF and behaviourally meaningful. Moreover, the relationships of those dietary patterns with lifestyle characteristics support the theory that food choices are part of a larger pattern of healthy lifestyle.
authors.affiliation: Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sauvageot
authors.affiliation: Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.affiliation: Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg.
authors.forename: Ala'a
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alkerwi
authors.affiliation: APHP, Department of Neurology and Stroke center, Bichat Hospital, INSERM LVTS-U1148, DHU FIRE, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne-Paris Cité, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sisanni
authors.affiliation: Hypertension Unit, Département des maladies cardiovasculaires, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Faiez
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zannad
authors.affiliation: Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg.
authors.forename: Stranges
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saverio
authors.affiliation: Ecole de Santé Publique, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Anne-Françoise
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Donneau
authors.affiliation: Ecole de Santé Publique, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Adelin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Albert
authors.affiliation: Ecole de Santé Publique, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guillaume
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D001530:Belgium / Q000453:epidemiology; D002253:Carbonated Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods*; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000523:psychology*; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008189:Luxembourg / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry