title: Comparing the impacts of sediment-bound bifenthrin on aquatic macroinvertebrates in laboratory bioassays and field microcosms.
abstract: We conducted two laboratory bioassays and two field microcosm exposures with bifenthrin (a synthetic pyrethroid) in order to evaluate the capacity of single-species laboratory bioassays to predict lethal and sublethal impacts on aquatic invertebrates in microcosms. For the laboratory species, Chironomus tepperi, larval survival was reduced by 24% at 53.66µg/g OC, while adult emergence was reduced at concentrations of 33.33µg/g OC and higher, with a 61% decrease at 77.78µg/g OC and no emergence at 126.67µg/g OC. The abundance of several other microcosm taxa was reduced in the microcosms at a similar concentration range (33.33µg/g OC and above), however there was no impact on the abundance of the congeneric species, Chironomus oppositus. The differences in impacts between test systems were potentially due to both differing species sensitivity and the interaction of ambient temperature with bifenthrin toxicity. Bifenthrin also was associated with early emergence of Chironomus sp. in both test systems, at concentrations of 10µg/g OC and higher (laboratory) and 43.90µg/g OC (microcosm), and with a significant decrease in the proportion of C. oppositus males in a microcosm. These findings indicate that while laboratory bioassays accurately predict many impacts in the field, there are some limitations to the predictive capacity of these tests.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Aquatic Pollution Identification and Management, School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia. Electronic address: rhianna.boyle@unimelb.edu.au.
authors.forename: Rhianna L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Boyle
authors.affiliation: Centre for Aquatic Pollution Identification and Management, School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Molly N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Hoak
authors.affiliation: Centre for Aquatic Pollution Identification and Management, School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Vincent J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Pettigrove
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Ary A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.affiliation: Centre for Aquatic Pollution Identification and Management, School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Sara M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Long
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods*; D002683:Chironomidae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D007448:Invertebrates / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000633:toxicity*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D011722:Pyrethrins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C099952:bifenthrin
keywords: Chaoboridae; Chironomidae; Emergence; Pesticide; Synthetic pyrethroid; Toxicity