title: Minimally invasive and robotic esophagectomy: Evolution and evidence.
abstract: Esophageal cancer has a poor prognosis, with little improvement in outcomes in recent years. Surgery maintains its pivotal role in cure, but this involves two or three compartment dissection with associated high risks. Chiefly, pulmonary complications following surgery are most common, and can be life-threatening. As a consequence, minimally invasive and robotic esophagectomy have been performed with improving efficacy and equivalent oncological outcomes. This is a review of the pertinent literature regarding these techniques. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:731-735. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Upper Gastro-Intestinal Surgery, University College Hospital, London, United Kingdom. yassar.qureshi@uclh.nhs.uk.
authors.forename: Yassar A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.affiliation: Department of Upper Gastro-Intestinal Surgery, University College Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Khaled I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Dawas
authors.affiliation: Department of Upper Gastro-Intestinal Surgery, University College Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Muntzer
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mughal
authors.affiliation: Department of Upper Gastro-Intestinal Surgery, University College Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Borzoueh
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
mesh_terms: D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D016629:Esophagectomy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D065287:Robotic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013906:Thoracoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: esophageal cancer; minimally invasive esophagectomy; robotic esophagectomy; robotic surgery