title: Changes in Bacillus anthracis CodY regulation under host-specific environmental factor deprived conditions.
abstract: Host-specific environmental factors induce changes in Bacillus anthracis gene transcription during infection. A global transcription regulator, CodY, plays a pivotal role in regulating central metabolism, biosynthesis, and virulence in B. anthracis. In this study, we utilized RNA-sequencing to assess changes in the transcriptional patterns of CodY-regulated B. anthracis genes in response to three conditions of environmental starvation: iron, CO2, or glucose deprivation. In addition, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation on newly identified CodY-mediated genes.
  
  
  
  Environmental deprivation induced transcriptional changes in CodY-regulated genes in both wild-type and codY null strains, and both CodY-specific and environment-specific patterns were observed. In the iron-depleted condition, overexpression of iron homeostasis genes was observed independent of codY deletion; however, transcription of siderophore and amino acid biosynthesis genes was CodY dependent. Although CodY has a significant regulatory role in central metabolism and the carbon overflow pathway, metabolism-associated genes exhibited CodY-independent expression patterns under glucose starvation. Genes that were differentially expressed in response to CO2 availability showed CodY-dependent regulation, though their maximal expression did require a supply of CO2/bicarbonate.
  
  
  
  We speculate that CodY regulates the expression of environmental-responsive genes in a hierarchical manner and is likely associated with other transcription regulators that are specific for a particular environmental change.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University ERICA, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Se Kye
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University ERICA, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyoung Hwa
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University ERICA, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea. ygchai@hanyang.ac.kr.|Department of Bionanotechnology, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea. ygchai@hanyang.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Young Gyu
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Chai
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001408:Bacillus anthracis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D004777:Environment; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000235:genetics; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; C544168:CodY protein, Bacillus anthracis; D014157:Transcription Factors; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D007501:Iron; D005947:Glucose
keywords: Bacillus anthracis; Chromatin immunoprecipitation; CodY; Environmental signals; RNA-sequencing; Starvation