title: Optimization of antifungal activity of Aeollanthus heliotropioides oliv essential oil and Time Kill Kinetic Assay.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The limitations encountered in the management of fungal infections are due to the resistance, high toxicity, and overuse of conventional antifungal drugs. For bringing solutions, the antifungal activity of Aeollanthus heliotropioides essential oil will be evaluated and optimized.
  
  
  METHODS
  The aerial parts of A. heliotropioides were harvested and essential oil extracted by hydrodistillation. The chemical composition was determined using gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. The sensitivity of fungal strains was determined using broth microdilution method. The fungicidal parameters were checked by viability assay using methylene blue dye. The Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index was determined according the two-dimensional checkboard methods. The efficiency of the simulated optimum concentrations confirmed experimentally on American type culture collection strains, through the Time Kill Kinetic Study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The yield of extraction of essential oil was 0.1%. The major compounds were linalool (38.5%), Z-α-farnesene (25.1%), 9-hexa-decen-1-ol (13.9%) saturated/unsaturated massoia and γ-lactones (4.5%). The MIC of extract on yeast isolates ranged from 0.6mg/mL to 5mg/mL. The combination of essential oil with thymol leads mainly to synergistic effects (0.5≤FICI). The optimums of essential oil (1.6±0.4μl/mL) and thymol (0.6±0.1mg/mL) revealed a total inhibition of yeast after 120 and 180minutes according to the yeasts strains used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study highlights the in vitro antifungal activity of A. heliotropioides essential oil and it synergistic effect with thymol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, PO Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: M N L
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Ngo Mback
authors.affiliation: Université des sciences et techniques de Massuku, BP 983, Franceville, Gabon.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Agnaniet
authors.affiliation: Université des Montagnes, BP 208, Bangangté, Cameroon.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nguimatsia
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Douala, BP 24157, Douala, Cameroon. Electronic address: mjazet@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: P-M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Jazet Dongmo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, PO Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontostomatology, Cheikh Anta Diop University, BP 5005, Dakar, Senegal.
authors.forename: J-B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Hzounda Fokou
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, PO Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon; IBMM, Montpellier-UMR 5247, Faculté de pharmacie, 15, avenue Charles-Flahault, 34093, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bakarnga-Via
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, PO Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fekam Boyom
authors.affiliation: IBMM, Montpellier-UMR 5247, Faculté de pharmacie, 15, avenue Charles-Flahault, 34093, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Menut
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002138:Calibration; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D019686:Lamiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D009181:Mycoses / Q000382:microbiology; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils
keywords: Aeollanthus heliotropioides; Antifongique; Antifungal; Cinétique de mortalité; Essential oil; Huile essentielle; Optimisation; Optimization; Time Kill Kinetic