title: A randomized controlled trial comparing in-person and wiki-inspired nominal group techniques for engaging stakeholders in chronic kidney disease research prioritization.
abstract: Few studies have evaluated stakeholder engagement in chronic kidney disease (CKD) research prioritization. In this two-arm, parallel group randomized controlled trial, we sought to compare an in-person nominal group technique (NGT) approach with an online wiki-inspired alternative to determining the top 10 CKD research priorities, and to evaluate stakeholder engagement and satisfaction with each process.
  
  
  
  Eligible participants included adults ≥18 years with access to a computer and Internet, high health literacy, and from one of the following stakeholder groups: patients with CKD not on dialysis, their caregivers, health care providers who care for patients with CKD, or CKD-related health policymakers. Fifty-six participants were randomized to a wiki-inspired modified NGT that occurred over 3 weeks vs. a 1-day in-person NGT workshop, informed by James Lind Alliance methodology, to determine the top 10 CKD-related research priorities. The primary outcome was the pairwise agreement between the two groups' final top 10 ranked priorities, evaluated using Spearman's correlation coefficient. Secondary outcomes included participant engagement and satisfaction and wiki tool usability.
  
  
  
  Spearman's rho for correlation between the two lists was 0.139 (95 % confidence interval -0.543 to 0.703, p = 0.71), suggesting low correlation between the top 10 lists across the two groups. Both groups ranked the same item as the top research priority, with 5 of the top 10 priorities ranked by the wiki group within the top 10 for the in-person group. In comparison to the in-person group, participants from the wiki group were less likely to report: satisfaction with the format (73.7 vs.100 %, p = 0.011); ability to express their views (57.9 vs 96.0 %, p = 0.0003); and perception that they contributed meaningfully to the process (68.4 vs 84.0 %, p = 0.004).
  
  
  
  A CKD research prioritization approach using an online wiki-like tool identified low correlation in rankings compared with an in-person approach, with less satisfaction and perceptions of active engagement. Modifications to the wiki-inspired tool are required before it can be considered a potential alternative to an in-person workshop for engaging patients in determining research priorities.
  
  
  
  ( ISRCTN18248625 ).
authors.affiliation: Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada. meghan.elliott@mail.utoronto.ca.|Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M6, Canada. meghan.elliott@mail.utoronto.ca.
authors.forename: Meghan J
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5434-2917
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Elliott
authors.affiliation: Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada.|Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Suite RFE 3-805, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada.
authors.forename: Sharon E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Straus
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, 8440 112 Street, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G3, Canada.
authors.forename: Neesh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pannu
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, 1403 29 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 2T9, Canada.
authors.forename: Sofia B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada.|Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M6, Canada.|Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Suite RFE 3-805, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laupacis
authors.affiliation: , Suite 200, 5970 Centre Street SE, Calgary, Alberta, T2H 0C1, Canada.
authors.forename: George C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.affiliation: , 343 Webb Court, Newmarket, Ontario, L3Y 5E8, Canada.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Hillier
authors.affiliation: , 23-1140 Falcon Drive, Coquitlam, British Columbia, V3E 2J6, Canada.
authors.forename: Kate T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Huffman
authors.affiliation: , 4K Spadina Avenue, Suite 1820, Toronto, Ontario, M5V 3Y9, Canada.
authors.forename: Andrew C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.affiliation: , A4123-409 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R2H 2A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Berlene V
authors.initials: BV
authors.lastname: Villanueva
authors.affiliation: , 31 Seligs Road, Prospect Village, Nova Scotia, B3T 2A6, Canada.
authors.forename: Donna M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Young
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tam-Tham
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, 1403 29 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 2T9, Canada.
authors.forename: Maoliosa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Donald
authors.affiliation: Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, East Building, Toronto, Ontario, M5B 1T8, Canada.
authors.forename: Erin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lillie
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, 1403 29 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 2T9, Canada.|Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
authors.forename: Braden J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Manns
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, 1403 29 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 2T9, Canada.|Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
authors.forename: Brenda R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Hemmelgarn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D035843:Biomedical Research; D017028:Caregivers; D004493:Education / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057240:Patient Preference / Q000523:psychology*; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Patient preferences; Research priorities; Wiki