title: Protective effects of Solanum cernuum extract against chromosomal and genomic damage induced by methyl methanesulfonate in Swiss mice.
abstract: Solanum cernuum Vell is a Brazilian shrub or small tree, restricted to Southeast states of the country. The leaves are commercialized as "panacéia" and indicated for the treatment of urinary disorders, gonorrhea, scabies, skin diseases and as desobstruent, diuretic and antiarrhythmic. The hydroalcholic extract is active in the treatment of gastric ulcer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of S. cernuum hydroalcoholic extract (SC) in Swiss mice by micronucleus and comet assays. The animals were treated by gavage with the doses of 500, 1000 and 2000mg/kg body weight (b.w.). For antigenotoxicity assessment, the doses of 15, 30, 60, 120 and 240mg/kg b.w SC were administered simultaneously with the mutagen methyl methanesulfonate (MMS, 40mg/kg b.w., i.p.). The results showed that the SC was not genotoxic in both micronucleus and comet assays. On the other hand, the treatment with the lowest dose of SC (15mg/kg b.w.) plus MMS showed a statistically significant reduction in the frequency of micronuclei compared to treatment only with MMS. For the comet assay, significant reduction in extensions of DNA damage was observed in all treatments with SC combined with MMS in comparison with only MMS. The antigenotoxic activity observed for the SC may be due to the antioxidant potential of the compounds present in the extract such as guanidine alkaloids and flavonoids.
authors.affiliation: University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201-Parque Universitário, 14404-600, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jaqueline L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Damasceno
authors.affiliation: University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201-Parque Universitário, 14404-600, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Pollyanna F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, s/n-Monte Alegre, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariza A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.affiliation: University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201-Parque Universitário, 14404-600, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luis F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Leandro
authors.affiliation: University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201-Parque Universitário, 14404-600, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nathália O
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: Acésio
authors.affiliation: University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201-Parque Universitário, 14404-600, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Saulo D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Ozelin
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, s/n-Monte Alegre, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jairo K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Bastos
authors.affiliation: University of Franca, Avenida Dr. Armando Salles de Oliveira, 201-Parque Universitário, 14404-600, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: denisecrispim2001@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Denise C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Tavares
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D033481:Chromosomes, Mammalian / Q000378:metabolism*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000235:genetics*; D016678:Genome; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate / Q000633:toxicity*; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032322:Solanum / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D020011:Protective Agents; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate
keywords: Antigenotoxicity; Comet assay; Genotoxicity; Micronucleus test; Solanum cernuum Vell