title: Acute Changes in Non-esterified Fatty Acids in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Receiving Bariatric Surgery.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare acute changes of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in relation to beta cell function (BCF) and insulin resistance in obese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who underwent laparoscopic gastric bypass (GBP), laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) or very low calorie diet (VLCD).
  
  
  
  In a non-randomised study, fasting plasma samples were collected from 38 obese patients with T2D, matched for age, body mass index (BMI) and glycaemic control, who underwent GBP (11) or SG (14) or VLCD (13). Samples were collected the day before and 3 days after the intervention, during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Glucose, insulin, c-peptide, glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) were measured, and individual NEFAs were measured using a triple-quadrupole liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). BCF by mathematical modelling and insulin resistance were estimated.
  
  
  
  Palmitic acid significantly decreased after each intervention. Monounsaturated/polyunsaturated ratio (MUFA/PUFA) and unsaturated/saturated fat ratios increased after each intervention. BCF was improved only after VLCD. Linoleic acid was positively correlated with total insulin secretion (p = 0.03). Glucose sensitivity correlated with palmitic acid (p = 0.01), unsaturated/saturated ratio (p = 0.0008) and MUFA/PUFA (p = 0.009). HOMA-IR correlated with stearic acid (p = 0.03), unsaturated/saturated ratio (p = 0.005) and MUFA/PUFA (p = 0.009). GIP AUC0-120 correlated with stearic acid (p = 0.04), but not GLP-1.
  
  
  
  GBP, SG and VLCD have similar acute effects on decreasing palmitic acid. Several NEFAs correlated with BCF parameters and HOMA-IR.
authors.affiliation: School of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nemati
authors.affiliation: School of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.|School of Interprofessional Health Studies, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.|Institute of Biomedical Technology, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-0225-6643
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, 35127, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tura
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Greg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand. r.murphy@auckland.ac.nz.
authors.forename: Rinki
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D050110:Bariatric Surgery; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005227:Fatty Acids; D007328:Insulin; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
keywords: Diabetes; Gastric bypass; Incretin; Incretin hormones; NEFA; Sleeve gastrectomy; Very low calorie diet