title: Can one-wall bone defects be augmented with xenogenic bone grafting material alone?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The main aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of xenogenic bovine bone grafting material particle size, addition of harvested autogenic bone as well as the influence of a periosteum on growth of newly formed bone, bone marrow, residual bone grafting material and connective tissue of one-wall defects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Overall 32 augmentation sites were placed on the frontal skull of four minipigs and covered with titanium pin immobilized absorbable porcine membranes. After a 6 month healing period the harvested specimens were analyzed using light- and fluorescence microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the augmented areas 47%-57% bone, 14%-34% bone marrow, 10%-20% residual xenogenic bone grafting material and 4.5%-10% connective tissue were found. Admixture of autogenic bone resulted in statistically significantly more newly formed bone, more bone marrow, less residual xenogenic bone grafting material and less connective tissue (P ≤ 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While augmenting one-wall defects seems to be possible with xenogenic grafting material and absorbable membranes alone, the addition of autogenic bone seems to benefit the augmentation site.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, Haus 26, Kiel, Germany. Electronic address: cmehl@proth.uni-kiel.de.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mehl
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, Haus 26, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kern
authors.affiliation: Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4, 24118, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Niclas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Meinke
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, Haus 26, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Yahya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Açil
authors.affiliation: Lassabeker Weg 3, 24211, Lehmkuhlen, Germany.
authors.forename: Telse
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bähr
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, Haus 26, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wiltfang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, Haus 26, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gaßling
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000818:Animals; D001858:Bone Nails; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D002417:Cattle; D064593:Heterografts; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D010316:Particle Size; D012886:Skull / Q000601:surgery*; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D014025:Titanium; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D014025:Titanium
keywords: Animal study; Bone grafting; Endobon; Membrane; Osseoguard; Xenogenic bone