title: Water-Based Chitosan for Thymine Conjugation: A Simple, Efficient, Effective, and Green Pathway to Introduce Cell Compatible Nucleic Acid Recognition.
abstract: Chitosan is a potential biopolymer for cell recognition and targeting; however, when those functions are based on cationic amine groups of chitosan, cell damage is a concern. This study presents water-based chitosan conjugated with thymine (CsT) through a mild and homogeneous conjugating reaction via amide bond without the use of organic and/or acidic solvents. The CsT displays water-solubility in a wide range of pH. A series of comparative gel retardation assays confirm the selective binding with poly(A), resulting in nanoparticles of 100 to 250 nm in size. PrestoBlue cell viability assay clarifies nontoxicity and reveals noncytotoxicity to normal colon cells but inhibition of colon cancer cells. This simple pathway for water-soluble chitosan-nucleic acid leads to synergistic effects of cell compatibility and DNA recognition.
authors.forename: Juthathip
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fangkangwanwong
authors.forename: Nutchanart
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sae-Liang
authors.affiliation: Bangkok Christian College , Bangkok 10500, Thailand.
authors.forename: Chaichontat
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sriworarat
authors.forename: Amornpun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sereemaspun
authors.forename: Suwabun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chirachanchai
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D048271:Chitosan / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002942:Circular Dichroism; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D011061:Poly A / Q000378:metabolism; D012995:Solubility; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013941:Thymine / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water; D011061:Poly A; D004247:DNA; D048271:Chitosan; D013941:Thymine