title: Glycaemic Profiles of Children With Overweight and Obesity in Free-living Conditions in Association With Cardiometabolic Risk.
abstract: Insulin resistance is common among children with overweight and obesity. However, knowledge about glucose fluctuations in these children is scarce. This study aims to evaluate glycaemic profiles in children with overweight and obesity in free-living conditions, and to examine the association between glycaemic profiles with insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk parameters. One hundred eleven children with overweight and obesity were included. 48-hour sensor glucose concentrations in free-living conditions, fasting plasma and post-glucose load concentrations, serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and blood pressure were evaluated. Hyperglycaemic glucose excursions (≥7.8 mmol/L) were observed in 25% (n = 28) of the children. The median sensor glucose concentration was 5.0 (2.7-7.3) mmol/L, and correlated with fasting plasma glucose concentrations (rs = 0.190, p = 0.046), serum insulin concentrations (rs = 0.218, p = 0.021), and HOMA-IR (rs = 0.230, p = 0.015). The hyperglycaemic area under the curve (AUC) correlated with waist circumference z-score (rs = 0.455, p = 0.025), triacylglycerol concentrations (rs = 0.425, p = 0.024), and HOMA-IR (rs = 0.616, p < 0.001). In conclusion, hyperglycaemic glucose excursions are frequently observed in children with overweight and obesity in free-living conditions. Children with insulin resistance had higher median sensor glucose concentrations and a larger hyperglycaemic sensor glucose AUC, which are both associated with specific parameters predicting cardiovascular disease risk.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Overweight Adolescent and Children's Healthcare, Department of Paediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.|School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jesse
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rijks
authors.affiliation: Centre for Overweight Adolescent and Children's Healthcare, Department of Paediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.|School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kylie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karnebeek
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports and Exercise Studies, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jan-Willem
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: van Dijk
authors.affiliation: Centre for Overweight Adolescent and Children's Healthcare, Department of Paediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.|School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Elke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dorenbos
authors.affiliation: Centre for Overweight Adolescent and Children's Healthcare, Department of Paediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.|School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Willem-Jan
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Gerver
authors.affiliation: Centre for Overweight Adolescent and Children's Healthcare, Department of Paediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Pauline
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stouthart
authors.affiliation: School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.|Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jogchum
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Plat
authors.affiliation: Centre for Overweight Adolescent and Children's Healthcare, Department of Paediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.|School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vreugdenhil
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids