title: MALDI-MS drug analysis in biological samples: opportunities and challenges.
abstract: Drug analysis represents a large field in different disciplines. Plasma is commonly considered to be the biosample of choice for that purpose. However, concentrations often do not represent the levels present within deeper compartments and therefore cannot sufficiently explain efficacy or toxicology of drugs. MALDI-MS in drug analysis is of great interest for high-throughput quantification and particularly spatially resolved tissue imaging. The current perspective article will deal with challenges and opportunities of MALDI-MS drug analysis in different biological samples. A particular focus will be on hair samples. Recent applications were included, reviewed for their instrumental setup and sample preparation and pros and cons as well as future perspectives are critically discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine (ZIFM), University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190/52, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Andrea E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Steuer
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine (ZIFM), University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190/52, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Poetzsch
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine (ZIFM), University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190/52, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kraemer
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000818:Animals; D003042:Cocaine / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006197:Hair / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000378:metabolism; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000032:analysis*; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D011725:Pyridines / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051381:Rats; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D000077334:Zolpidem
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D011725:Pyridines; D000077334:Zolpidem; D003042:Cocaine
keywords: MALDI; biological sample; drug analysis