title: Hedonism and the choice of everyday activities.
abstract: Most theories of motivation have highlighted that human behavior is guided by the hedonic principle, according to which our choices of daily activities aim to minimize negative affect and maximize positive affect. However, it is not clear how to reconcile this idea with the fact that people routinely engage in unpleasant yet necessary activities. To address this issue, we monitored in real time the activities and moods of over 28,000 people across an average of 27 d using a multiplatform smartphone application. We found that people's choices of activities followed a hedonic flexibility principle. Specifically, people were more likely to engage in mood-increasing activities (e.g., play sports) when they felt bad, and to engage in useful but mood-decreasing activities (e.g., housework) when they felt good. These findings clarify how hedonic considerations shape human behavior. They may explain how humans overcome the allure of short-term gains in happiness to maximize long-term welfare.
authors.affiliation: Computational Radiology Laboratory, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; Maxime.Taquet@tch.harvard.edu jordi.quoidbach@upf.edu.
authors.forename: Maxime
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taquet
authors.affiliation: Department of Economics and Business, University Pompeu Fabra, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; Maxime.Taquet@tch.harvard.edu jordi.quoidbach@upf.edu.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quoidbach
authors.affiliation: MIT Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139; Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom;
authors.forename: Yves-Alexandre
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: de Montjoye
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Namur, 5000 Namur, Belgium;
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Desseilles
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gross
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology*; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006240:Happiness; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009042:Motivation / Q000502:physiology*; D010684:Philosophy
keywords: decision making; emotions; happiness; hedonism; motivation