title: Structural conservation in the template/pseudoknot domain of vertebrate telomerase RNA from teleost fish to human.
abstract: Telomerase is an RNA-protein complex that includes a unique reverse transcriptase that catalyzes the addition of single-stranded telomere DNA repeats onto the 3' ends of linear chromosomes using an integral telomerase RNA (TR) template. Vertebrate TR contains the template/pseudoknot (t/PK) and CR4/5 domains required for telomerase activity in vitro. All vertebrate pseudoknots include two subdomains: P2ab (helices P2a and P2b with a 5/6-nt internal loop) and the minimal pseudoknot (P2b-P3 and associated loops). A helical extension of P2a, P2a.1, is specific to mammalian TR. Using NMR, we investigated the structures of the full-length TR pseudoknot and isolated subdomains in Oryzias latipes (Japanese medaka fish), which has the smallest vertebrate TR identified to date. We determined the solution NMR structure and studied the dynamics of medaka P2ab, and identified all base pairs and tertiary interactions in the minimal pseudoknot. Despite differences in length and sequence, the structure of medaka P2ab is more similar to human P2ab than predicted, and the medaka minimal pseudoknot has the same tertiary interactions as the human pseudoknot. Significantly, although P2a.1 is not predicted to form in teleost fish, we find that it forms in the full-length pseudoknot via an unexpected hairpin. Model structures of the subdomains are combined to generate a model of t/PK. These results provide evidence that the architecture for the vertebrate t/PK is conserved from teleost fish to human. The organization of the t/PK on telomerase reverse transcriptase for medaka and human is modeled based on the cryoEM structure of Tetrahymena telomerase, providing insight into function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569;
authors.forename: Yaqiang
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-6822-4778
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305;
authors.forename: Joseph D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Yesselman
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599;
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569; University of California Los Angeles-Department of Energy Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
authors.forename: Mijeong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569; University of California Los Angeles-Department of Energy Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 feigon@mbi.ucla.edu.
authors.forename: Juli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feigon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009154:Mutation; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D009990:Oryzias / Q000235:genetics*; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019098:Telomerase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014714:Vertebrates / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C422952:telomerase RNA; D012313:RNA; D019098:Telomerase
keywords: NMR; RNA structure; RNP; TERT; medaka