title: Analysis of carotenoid accumulation and expression of carotenoid biosynthesis genes in different organs of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis).
abstract: The relationship between carotenoid accumulation and expression of carotenoid biosynthesis genes was investigated in the flowers, stems, young leaves, old leaves, and roots of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis). Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the mRNA levels of BrPSY, BrPDS, BrZDS, BrLCYB, BrLCYE, BrCHXB, and BrZEP leading to the production of carotenoids were highest in the flowers or the leaves and lowest in the roots of Chinese cabbage. In contrast, the mRNA expression of BrNCED, a gene involved in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, was highest in the roots. High-performance liquid chromatography revealed that carotenoids, namely, lutein and β-carotene, were distributed predominantly in the flowers and leaves, with very little in the underground organ, the roots. Specifically, old leaves contained 120.3 μg/g lutein and 103.93 μg/g β-carotene, which is the most potent dietary precursor of vitamin A. Moreover, we found a relatively large amount of cis isomers of β-carotene, namely, 9-cis β-carotene and 13-cis β-carotene, in Chinese cabbage. These results provide insight into carotenoid biosynthetic mechanisms in Chinese cabbage and may be helpful in the metabolic engineering of carotenoid biosynthesis in plants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, 79 Daehangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea.
authors.forename: Pham Anh
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Tuan
authors.affiliation: National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Kwang
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Green Bio Research Center, Cabbage Genomics assisted breeding supporting Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 305-806, Korea.
authors.forename: Jeongyeo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, 79 Daehangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea.
authors.forename: Woo Tae
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, 79 Daehangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea.
authors.forename: Do Yeon
authors.initials: do Y
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, 79 Daehangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea.
authors.forename: Yeon Bok
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Well-being Resources, Sunchon National University, 413 Jungangno, Suncheon, Jeollanam-do, 540-742, Korea.
authors.forename: Haeng Hoon
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Green Bio Research Center, Cabbage Genomics assisted breeding supporting Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 305-806, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Ran
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, 79 Daehangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Un
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Park
keywords: Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis; Chinese cabbage; beta-carotene; carotenoid biosynthesis genes; carotenoids