title: Caspase-1 inhibition attenuates activation of BV2 microglia induced by LPS-treated RAW264.7 macrophages.
abstract: Neuroinflammation has been recognized as a factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that peripheral inflammation, besides neuroinflammation, functions as a modulator of disease progression and neuropathology in several neurodegenerative diseases. However, detailed correlations among peripheral inflammation, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration remain unknown. In the present study, we prepared a peripheral inflammation model with lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages to explore its activation on BV2 microglia. We found that LPS induced the production of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the culture medium of RAW264.7 macrophages. We further showed that LPS plus ATP activated inflammasome, evidenced by the upregulation of caspase-1 and IL-1β, which was suppressed by ZYVAD, a caspase-1 inhibitor. Furthermore, the conditioned medium obtained from LPS-treated RAW264.7 macrophages activated BV2 microglia, stimulating the release of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α from BV2 cells. ZYVAD pretreatment markedly suppressed BV2 microglia activation induced by RAW264.7 cells conditioned medium. Taken together, our study indicates that macrophage-mediated peripheral inflammation subsequently evokes neuroinflammation and may aggravate neural damage. Inflammasome and caspase-1 may be potential targets for modulating systemic inflammatory responses in neurodegenerative diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, China.|Department of Geriatrics, Nanjing Brain Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, Nanjing Brain Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, Nanjing Brain Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, Nanjing Brain Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
authors.forename: Jingde
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, Nanjing Brain Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China. neuro_zhangli@163.com.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, China. zhangyingdong@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Yingdong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
keywords: NLRP3 inflammasome; caspase-1; neurodegenerative diseases; neuroinflammation; peripheral inflammation