title: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), fumarate hydratase (FH): three players for one phenotype in cancer?
abstract: In the early 1920s Otto Warburg observed that cancer cells have altered metabolism and from this, posited that mitochondrial dysfunction underpinned the aetiology of cancers. The more recent identification of mutations of mitochondrial metabolic enzymes in a wide range of human cancers has now provided a direct link between metabolic alterations and cancer. In this review we discuss the consequences of dysfunction of three metabolic enzymes involved in or associated with the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle: succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), fumarate hydratase (FH) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) focusing on the similarity between the phenotypes of cancers harbouring these mutations.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K. g.laurenti@bham.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Laurenti
authors.affiliation: Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Tennant
mesh_terms: D002952:Citric Acid Cycle; D005649:Fumarate Hydratase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase; D005649:Fumarate Hydratase
keywords: cancer metabolism; fumarate hydratase; hypoxia; isocitrate dehydrogenase; reactive oxygen species (ROS); succinate dehydrogenase