title: Exposure to PM2.5causes genetic changes in fetal rat cerebral cortex and hippocampus.
abstract: PM2.5travels along the respiratory tract and enters systemic blood circulation. Studies have shown that PM2.5increases the incidence of various diseases not only in adults but also in newborn infants. It causes chronic inflammation in pregnant women and retards fetal development. In this study, pregnant rats were exposed to PM2.5for extended periods of time and it was found that PM2.5exposure increased immune cells in mother rats. In addition, cytokines and free radicals rapidly accumulated in the amniotic fluid and indirectly affected the fetuses. The authors collected cerebral cortex and hippocampus samples at E18 and analyzed changes of miRNA levels. Expression levels of cortical miR-6315, miR-3588, and miR-466b-5p were upregulated, and positively correlated with the genes Pkn2 (astrocyte migration), Gorab (neuritogenesis), and Mobp (allergic encephalomyelitis). In contrast, PM2.5decreased expression of miR-338-5p and let-7e-5p, both related to mental development. Further, PM2.5exposure increased miR-3560 and let-7b-5p in the hippocampus, two proteins that regulate genes Oxct1 and Lin28b that control ketogenesis and glycosylation, and neural cell differentiation, respectively. miR-99b-5p, miR-92b-5p, and miR-99a-5p were decreased, leading to reduced expression of Kbtbd8 and Adam11 which reduced cell mitosis, migration, and differentiation, and inhibited learning abilities and motor coordination of the fetus. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1412-1425, 2017.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience Technology College of Science, Chung Yuan Christian University, Zhongli district, Taoyaun, 320, Taiwan.|Center for Nanotechnology, College of Science, Chung Yuan Christian University, Zhongli district, Taoyaun, 320, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Wei
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Taoyuan General Hospital, Taoyaun, 310, Taiwan.|Departmewnt of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Science, National Tsing Hua University, East District, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chin-Hua
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Zhongli district, Taoyaun, 320, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Po-Ting
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Zhongli district, Taoyaun, 320, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Hsiu
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Zhongli district, Taoyaun, 320, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Chen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience Technology College of Science, Chung Yuan Christian University, Zhongli district, Taoyaun, 320, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Meng-Chi
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanotechnology, College of Science, Chung Yuan Christian University, Zhongli district, Taoyaun, 320, Taiwan.|Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Zhongli district, Taoyaun, 320, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Yi
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Tseng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000633:toxicity*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D016207:Cytokines; D035683:MicroRNAs; D052638:Particulate Matter
keywords: PM2.5; cortex; fetus; hippocampus; miRNA