title: Graphene quantum dots conjugated neuroprotective peptide improve learning and memory capability.
abstract: Alzheimer disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder and the most common form of dementia. Histopathologically is characterized by the presence extracellular neuritic plaques and with a large number of neurons lost. In this paper, we design a new nanomaterial, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) conjugated neuroprotective peptide glycine-proline-glutamate (GQDG) and administer it to APP/PS1 transgenic mice. The in vitro assays including ThT and CD proved that GQDs and GQDG could inhibit the aggregation of Aβ1-42 fibrils. Morris water maze was performed to exanimate learning and memory capacity of APP/PS1 transgenic mice. The surface area of Aβ plaque deposits reduced in the GQDG group compared to the Tg Ctrl groups. Furthermore, newly generated neuronal precursor cell and neuron were test by immunohistochemical. Besides, neurons were impregnated by DiI using gene gun to show dendritic spine. Results indicated enhancement of learning and memory capacity and increased amounts of dendritic spine were observed. Inflammation factors and amyloid-β (Aβ) were tested with suspension array and ELISA, respectively. Several pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-33, IL-17α, MIP-1β and TNF-α) had decreased in GQDG group compared with Control group. Reversely, anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) had increased in GQDG group compared with Control group. Thus, we demonstrate that the GQDG is a promising drug in treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
authors.forename: Songhua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Outpatient Department of Internal Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
authors.forename: Daoyou
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Luan
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
authors.forename: Beibei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
authors.forename: Longbao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
authors.forename: Shengnuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
authors.forename: Wenli
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
authors.forename: Lianhong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
authors.forename: Enxiang
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. Electronic address: guorui@jnu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Laboratory of RNA and Major Diseases of Brain and Heart, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China. Electronic address: docliujun@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D058726:Nanoconjugates; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D045663:Quantum Dots; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D058726:Nanoconjugates; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010455:Peptides; D006108:Graphite
keywords: Alzheimer disease (AD); Amyloid-β (Aβ); Dendritic spine; Graphene quantum dots; Neuroprotective peptide