title: Effects of Physical Exercise on Working Memory and Prefrontal Cortex Function in Post-Stroke Patients.
abstract: Physical exercise enhances prefrontal cortex activity and improves working memory performance in healthy older adults, but it is not clear whether this remains the case in post-stroke patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the acute effect of physical exercise on prefrontal cortex activity in post-stroke patients using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). We studied 11 post-stroke patients. The patients performed Sternberg-type working memory tasks before and after moderate intensity aerobic exercise (40 % of maximal oxygen uptake) with a cycling ergometer for 15 min. We measured the NIRS response at the prefrontal cortex during the working memory task. We evaluated behavioral performance (response time and accuracy) of the working memory task. It was found that physical exercise improved behavioral performance of the working memory task compared with the control condition (p < 0.01). In addition, NIRS analysis indicated that physical exercise enhanced prefrontal cortex activation, particularly in the right prefrontal cortex (p < 0.05), during the working memory task compared with the control condition. These findings suggest that the moderate-intensity aerobic exercise enhances prefrontal cortex activity and improves working memory performance in post-stroke patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Nihon University Itabashi Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.|Graduate School of Health Sciences Research, Major of Physical Therapy, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moriya
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Health Sciences Research, Major of Physical Therapy, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, NEWCAT Research Institute, College of Engineering, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan. sakatani.kaoru@nihon-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakatani
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001642:Bicycling; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D015444:Exercise; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010092:Oximetry / Q000379:methods; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006454:Hemoglobins; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins; C100003:deoxyhemoglobin; D010100:Oxygen
keywords: Cognitive function; Exercise; NIRS; Prefrontal cortex; Rehabilitation