title: Combination of sorption properties of polydimethylsiloxane and solid-phase extraction sorbents in a single composite material for the passive sampling of polar and apolar pesticides in water.
abstract: Passive sampling techniques have been developed as an alternative method for in situ integrative monitoring of trace levels of neutral pesticides in environmental waters. The objective of this work was to develop a new receiving phase for pesticides with a wide range of polarities in a single step. We describe the development of three new composite silicone rubbers, combining polydimethylsiloxane mechanical and sorption properties with solid-phase extraction sorbents, prepared as a receiving phase for passive sampling. A composite silicone rubber composed of polydimethylsiloxane/poly(divinylbenzene-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone) was selected by batch experiments for its high sorption properties for pesticides with octanol-water partition coefficients ranging from 2.3 to 5.5. We named this composite material "Polar/Apolar Composite Silicone Rubber". A structural study by scanning electron microscopy confirmed the homogeneous dispersion of the sorbent particles and the encapsulation of particles within the polydimethylsiloxane matrix. We also demonstrate that this composite material is resistant to common solvents used for the back-extraction of analytes and has a maximal resistance temperature of 350°C. Therefore, the characteristics of the "Polar/Apolar Composite Silicone Rubber" meet most of the criteria for use as a receiving phase for the passive sampling of pesticides.
authors.affiliation: Irstea, UR MALY, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Irstea, UR MALY, Villeurbanne Cedex, France. christelle.margoum@irstea.fr.
authors.forename: Christelle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Margoum
authors.affiliation: Irstea, UR MALY, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coquery
authors.affiliation: Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ens de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Randon
keywords: Composite materials; Passive sampling; Pesticides; Solid-phase extraction; Stir bar sorptive extraction