title: Premature Atrial Contractions on the Screening Electrocardiogram and Risk of Ischemic Stroke: The Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study.
abstract: It is currently unknown if premature atrial contractions (PACs) detected on the routine screening electrocardiogram are associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke.
  
  
  
  We examined the association between PACs and ischemic stroke in 22,975 (mean age 64 ± 9.2; 56% women; 40% black) participants from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study. Participants who were free of stroke at baseline were included. PACs were detected from centrally read electrocardiograms at baseline. Cox regression was used to examine the association between PACs and ischemic stroke events through March 31, 2014.
  
  
  
  PACs were present in 1,687 (7.3%) participants at baseline. In a Cox regression model adjusted for stroke risk factors and potential confounders, PACs were associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke (hazards ratio (HR) 1.34, 95% CI 1.04-1.74). The relationship was limited to non-lacunar infarcts (HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.08-1.87), and not lacunar strokes (HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.51-2.03). An interaction by sex was detected, with the association between PACs and ischemic stroke being stronger among women (HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.29-2.56) than men (HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.69-1.52; p-interaction = 0.0095).
  
  
  
  PACs detected on the routine electrocardiogram are associated with an increased risk for non-lacunar ischemic strokes, especially in women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga., USA.
authors.forename: Wesley T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: O'Neal
authors.forename: Hooman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kamel
authors.forename: Dawn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kleindorfer
authors.forename: Suzanne E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Judd
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: Virginia J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: Elsayed Z
authors.initials: EZ
authors.lastname: Soliman
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D018880:Atrial Premature Complexes / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology*; D044465:White People