title: Dietary intake and risk of rheumatoid arthritis-a cross section multicenter study.
abstract: Environmental factors play an important role in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Among these factors, smoking is generally considered to be an established risk factor for RA. Data regarding the impact of diet on risk of RA development is limited. This study assessed the impact of dietary patterns on RA susceptibility in Chinese populations. This was a large scale, case-control study composed of 968 patients with RA and 1037 matched healthy controls. Subjects were recruited from 18 teaching hospitals. Socio-demographic characteristics and dietary intakes 5 years prior to the onset of RA were reported by a self-administered questionnaire. Differences in quantity of consumption between cases and controls were analyzed by Student's t test. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to identify independent dietary risk factor(s) responsible for RA susceptibility. Compared to healthy individuals, RA patients had decreased consumption of mushrooms (P = 0.000), beans (P = 0.006), citrus (P = 0.000), poultry (P = 0.000), fish (P = 0.000), edible viscera (P = 0.018), and dairy products (P = 0.005). Multivariate analyses revealed that several dietary items may have protective effects on RA development, such as mushrooms (aOR = 0.669; 95%CI = 0.518-0.864, P = 0.002), citrus fruits (aOR = 0.990; 95%CI = 0.981-0.999, P = 0.04), and dairy products (aOR = 0.921; 95%CI 0.867-0.977, P = 0.006). Several dietary factors had independent effects on RA susceptibility. Dietary interventions may reduce the risk of RA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: School of Statistics and The Center for Applied Statistics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, 100872, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China.
authors.forename: Yue-Bo
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital of Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi, 445000, China.
authors.forename: Lin-Chong
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Su
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China.
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, China.
authors.forename: Ai-Xue
authors.initials: AX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830001, China.
authors.forename: Li-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Hebei Province, Cangzhou, 061001, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Xia
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
authors.forename: Xiang-Yuan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014010, China.
authors.forename: Hui-Ming
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014010, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Fu
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hebei Province Central Hospital of Handan City, Handan, 056001, China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hebei Province Central Hospital of Handan City, Handan, 056001, China.
authors.forename: Jun-Fang
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
authors.forename: Jie-Mei
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
authors.forename: Feng-Xiao
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China.
authors.forename: Liu-Fu
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050082, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050082, China.
authors.forename: Zhen-Bin
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050052, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Li
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050052, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Wen
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, 100005, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Jing
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, 100005, China.
authors.forename: Ci-Bo
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yuan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
authors.forename: Hui-Fang
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Tao
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Chun
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Xia
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The 309th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100000, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China. jianping.guo@bjmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jian-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China. li99@bjmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhan-Guo
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D044466:Asian People; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D018450:Disease Progression; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Chinese population; Dietary factors; Disease susceptibility; Rheumatoid arthritis