title: High-performance liquid chromatography based chemical fingerprint analysis and chemometric approaches for the identification and distinction of three endangered Panax plants in Southeast Asia.
abstract: Among Panax genus, only three endangered species Panax notoginseng, P. vietnamensis, and P. stipuleanatus that have a similar morphology are mainly distributed in Southeast Asia. These three plants are usually misidentified or adulterated. To identify them well, their chemical chromatographic fingerprints were established by an effective high-performance liquid chromatography method. By comparing the chromatograms, the three Panax species could be distinguished easily using the 22 characteristic peaks. Besides, the data of the chromatographic fingerprints aided by chemometric approaches were applied for the identification and investigation the relationship of different samples and species. Using similarity analysis, the chemical components revealed higher similarity between P. vietnamensis and P. stipuleanatus. The results of hierarchical clustering analysis indicated that samples belonging to the same species could be clustered together. The result of principal component analysis was similar with hierarchical clustering analysis and the three principal components accounted for >80.5% of total variability.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou.
authors.forename: Pengguo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Shaanxi Research Center of TCM Fingerprint and NP Library, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Yangling, China.
authors.forename: Zhenqing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou.
authors.forename: Tongyao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou.
authors.forename: Dongfeng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou. liangzs@ms.iswc.ac.cn.|Shaanxi Research Center of TCM Fingerprint and NP Library, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Yangling, China. liangzs@ms.iswc.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Zongsuo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Tasly Modern TCM Resources Co. Ltd, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Xijun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Tasly Modern TCM Resources Co. Ltd, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D001210:Asia, Southeastern; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D056727:Endangered Species; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D025341:Principal Component Analysis
keywords: Chemometrics; Chromatographic fingerprints; Panax notoginseng; Panax stipuleanatus; Panax vietnamensis