title: Doping-dependent charge order correlations in electron-doped cuprates.
abstract: Understanding the interplay between charge order (CO) and other phenomena (for example, pseudogap, antiferromagnetism, and superconductivity) is one of the central questions in the cuprate high-temperature superconductors. The discovery that similar forms of CO exist in both hole- and electron-doped cuprates opened a path to determine what subset of the CO phenomenology is universal to all the cuprates. We use resonant x-ray scattering to measure the CO correlations in electron-doped cuprates (La2-x Ce x CuO4 and Nd2-x Ce x CuO4) and their relationship to antiferromagnetism, pseudogap, and superconductivity. Detailed measurements of Nd2-x Ce x CuO4 show that CO is present in the x = 0.059 to 0.166 range and that its doping-dependent wave vector is consistent with the separation between straight segments of the Fermi surface. The CO onset temperature is highest between x = 0.106 and 0.166 but decreases at lower doping levels, indicating that it is not tied to the appearance of antiferromagnetic correlations or the pseudogap. Near optimal doping, where the CO wave vector is also consistent with a previously observed phonon anomaly, measurements of the CO below and above the superconducting transition temperature, or in a magnetic field, show that the CO is insensitive to superconductivity. Overall, these findings indicate that, although verified in the electron-doped cuprates, material-dependent details determine whether the CO correlations acquire sufficient strength to compete for the ground state of the cuprates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.; Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.; Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.; Quantum Materials Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8, Canada.
authors.forename: Eduardo H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: da Silva Neto
authors.affiliation: School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Biqiong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Minola
authors.affiliation: Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2V3, Canada.
authors.forename: Ronny
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-1969-3690
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sutarto
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schierle
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.; Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boschini
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.; Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zonno
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.; Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bluschke
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Higgins
authors.affiliation: School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Yangmu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Guichuan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Eugen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Weschke
authors.affiliation: Canadian Light Source, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2V3, Canada.
authors.forename: Feizhou
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-3125-1406
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.; Institut für Festkörperphysik, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, 76201 Karlsruhe, Germany.
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5838-3724
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Le Tacon
authors.affiliation: Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Greene
authors.affiliation: School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Greven
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.; Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Sawatzky
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Keimer
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.; Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Damascelli
mesh_terms: D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004583:Electrons; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D013696:Temperature
keywords: High-temperature superconductivity; antiferromagnetism; charge density waves; cuprates; pseudogap; resonant x-ray scattering