title: Parental Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms as Predictors of Psychosocial Problems in Children Treated for Cancer.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the association between psychosocial functioning of children treated for cancer and that of their parents. Factors associated with psychosocial functioning were also examined. The present study was a cross-sectional survey of 33 mothers and one father (mean age: 37.9), each of whom had a child that had been treated for cancer. The participants answered a package of questionnaires consisting of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), the Parent Experience of Child Illness (PECI), and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Information about the children's illnesses was collected from medical records. The CBCL total problems T score was correlated with the parental IES-R total scores. Intensity of treatment independently predicted the variance of parental long-term uncertainty. In conclusion, psychosocial problems of children with cancer were associated with parental post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Provision of early, adequate support to parents who are vulnerable to PTSS will help not only the parents, but also their children with cancer.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan. c0530320@md.tsukuba.ac.jp.|Departments of Social Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan. c0530320@md.tsukuba.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Ryoko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nakajima-Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Departments of Social Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan. nobuakim@nifty.com.
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Amakubo 2-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8576, Japan. tnakao@umin.ac.jp.|Department of Pediatrics, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Amakubo 2-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8576, Japan. tnakao@umin.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Tomohei
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.affiliation: Departments of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan. t.shimizu@iseharahp.com.|Department of Pediatrics, Isehara Kyodo Hospital, 345 Tanaka, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1187, Japan. t.shimizu@iseharahp.com.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.affiliation: Departments of Social Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan. ogai.ys@md.tsukuba.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yasukazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogai
authors.affiliation: Office of Information Management and Statistics, Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Faculty of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan. htaka@fmu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Hideto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.affiliation: Departments of Social Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan. hhd02063@nifty.ne.jp.
authors.forename: Tamaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Kubota Clinic, 3-2-4 Yokokawa, Sumida, Tokyo 130-0003, Japan. yojinaka47@yahoo.co.jp.
authors.forename: Yoji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakatani
authors.affiliation: Departments of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan. tksfksm@md.tsukuba.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukushima
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: adolescent behavior; child behavior; childhood cancer; communication; parent-child relations; posttraumatic stress symptoms