title: Comparative lipidomic study of urothelial cancer models: association with urothelial cancer cell invasiveness.
abstract: Comparative lipidomic studies were performed across the RT4 versus T24 urothelial cancer cell lines, as models for noninvasive urothelial papilloma cells (with a relatively high level of differentiation) and invasive urothelial carcinoma cells (with low level of differentiation), respectively. The aim was to investigate the differences in lipid profile associated with different levels of urothelial cancer cell invasiveness. The cellular lipidomes were characterized using our previously developed joint methodology of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance, which included analysis of the phospholipids and ceramide-based glycosphingolipids. This study shows that the invasive T24 cells have 3-fold lower levels of 1-alkyl (ether)-2-acyl phosphocholine species, which are accompanied by greater length and higher unsaturation of acyl chains of several lipid classes. Moreover, d18:1-based glycosphingolipids show different profiles; in particular, α-hydroxylated glucosylceramides have lower levels in the T24 cells, along with increased lactosyl ceramides. These differences between RT4 and T24 cells suggest significantly different organization of the cellular membranes, which can affect the membrane fluidity and membrane-dependent functions, and contribute to the lower stiffness of plasma membrane and reduced cell-cell adhesion required for movement and invasiveness of these T24 urothelial carcinoma cells with a high metastatic potential.
authors.affiliation: Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy. graziano.guella@unitn.it.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia and Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Matej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skočaj
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Mateja Erdani
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kreft
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Nataša
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Resnik
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Veranič
authors.affiliation: Biostatistics and Data Management, Research and Innovation Centre-Fondazione Edmund Mach, S. Michele all'Adige, TN, Italy.
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Franceschi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sepčić
authors.affiliation: Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy. graziano.guella@unitn.it and CNR, Institute of Biophysics, Povo, Trento, Italy.
authors.forename: Graziano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guella
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D014523:Urethral Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008055:Lipids