title: Current status and recommendations for biomarkers and biobanking in neurofibromatosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Clinically validated biomarkers for neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2), and schwannomatosis (SWN) have not been identified to date. The biomarker working group's goals are to (1) define biomarker needs in NF1, NF2, and SWN; (2) summarize existing data on biomarkers in NF1, NF2, and SWN; (3) outline recommendations for sample collection and biomarker development; and (4) standardize sample collection and methodology protocols where possible to promote comparison between studies by publishing standard operating procedures (SOPs).
  
  
  METHODS
  The biomarker group reviewed published data on biomarkers in NF1, NF2, and SWN and on biobanking efforts outside these diseases via literature search, defined the need for biomarkers in NF, and developed recommendations in a series of consensus meetings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We describe existing biomarkers in NF and report consensus recommendations for SOP and a minimal clinical dataset to accompany samples derived from patients with NF1, NF2, and SWN in decentralized biobanks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These recommendations are intended to provide clinicians and researchers with a common set of guidelines to collect and store biospecimens and for establishment of biobanks for NF1, NF2, and SWN.
authors.affiliation: From Plymouth University (C.O.H.), Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, The Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth, UK; Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pediatrics (F.P.N.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (K.R., M.F.), Indiana University; Tailored Therapeutics (F.P.N.), Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (A.S.-R.), Neuro-oncology (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurologische Klinik (V.M.), Uniklinik Eppendorf, Hamburg; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (A.K.), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Seoul National University (A.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Republic of Korea; NCI (B.C.W.), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), University of Manchester, UK; National Neurofibromatosis Service (R.F.), Department of Neurology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London UK; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (S.L.C.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences (B.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Dermatology (P.W.), GHU Henri Mondor, Paris, France; Children's Tumor Foundation (P.K.), New York. Oliver.Hanemann@plymouth.ac.uk.
authors.forename: C Oliver
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Hanemann
authors.affiliation: From Plymouth University (C.O.H.), Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, The Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth, UK; Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pediatrics (F.P.N.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (K.R., M.F.), Indiana University; Tailored Therapeutics (F.P.N.), Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (A.S.-R.), Neuro-oncology (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurologische Klinik (V.M.), Uniklinik Eppendorf, Hamburg; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (A.K.), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Seoul National University (A.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Republic of Korea; NCI (B.C.W.), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), University of Manchester, UK; National Neurofibromatosis Service (R.F.), Department of Neurology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London UK; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (S.L.C.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences (B.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Dermatology (P.W.), GHU Henri Mondor, Paris, France; Children's Tumor Foundation (P.K.), New York.
authors.forename: Jaishri O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Blakeley
authors.affiliation: From Plymouth University (C.O.H.), Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, The Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth, UK; Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pediatrics (F.P.N.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (K.R., M.F.), Indiana University; Tailored Therapeutics (F.P.N.), Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (A.S.-R.), Neuro-oncology (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurologische Klinik (V.M.), Uniklinik Eppendorf, Hamburg; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (A.K.), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Seoul National University (A.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Republic of Korea; NCI (B.C.W.), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), University of Manchester, UK; National Neurofibromatosis Service (R.F.), Department of Neurology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London UK; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (S.L.C.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences (B.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Dermatology (P.W.), GHU Henri Mondor, Paris, France; Children's Tumor Foundation (P.K.), New York.
authors.forename: Fabio P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.affiliation: From Plymouth University (C.O.H.), Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, The Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth, UK; Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pediatrics (F.P.N.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (K.R., M.F.), Indiana University; Tailored Therapeutics (F.P.N.), Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (A.S.-R.), Neuro-oncology (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurologische Klinik (V.M.), Uniklinik Eppendorf, Hamburg; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (A.K.), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Seoul National University (A.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Republic of Korea; NCI (B.C.W.), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), University of Manchester, UK; National Neurofibromatosis Service (R.F.), Department of Neurology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London UK; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (S.L.C.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences (B.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Dermatology (P.W.), GHU Henri Mondor, Paris, France; Children's Tumor Foundation (P.K.), New York.
authors.forename: Kent
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.affiliation: From Plymouth University (C.O.H.), Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, The Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth, UK; Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pediatrics (F.P.N.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (K.R., M.F.), Indiana University; Tailored Therapeutics (F.P.N.), Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (A.S.-R.), Neuro-oncology (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurologische Klinik (V.M.), Uniklinik Eppendorf, Hamburg; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (A.K.), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Seoul National University (A.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Republic of Korea; NCI (B.C.W.), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), University of Manchester, UK; National Neurofibromatosis Service (R.F.), Department of Neurology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London UK; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (S.L.C.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences (B.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Dermatology (P.W.), GHU Henri Mondor, Paris, France; Children's Tumor Foundation (P.K.), New York.
authors.forename: Anat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stemmer-Rachamimov
authors.affiliation: From Plymouth University (C.O.H.), Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, The Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth, UK; Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pediatrics (F.P.N.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (K.R., M.F.), Indiana University; Tailored Therapeutics (F.P.N.), Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (A.S.-R.), Neuro-oncology (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurologische Klinik (V.M.), Uniklinik Eppendorf, Hamburg; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (A.K.), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Seoul National University (A.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Republic of Korea; NCI (B.C.W.), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), University of Manchester, UK; National Neurofibromatosis Service (R.F.), Department of Neurology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London UK; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (S.L.C.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences (B.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Dermatology (P.W.), GHU Henri Mondor, Paris, France; Children's Tumor Foundation (P.K.), New York.
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mautner
authors.affiliation: From Plymouth University (C.O.H.), Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, The Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth, UK; Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pediatrics (F.P.N.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (K.R., M.F.), Indiana University; Tailored Therapeutics (F.P.N.), Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (A.S.-R.), Neuro-oncology (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurologische Klinik (V.M.), Uniklinik Eppendorf, Hamburg; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (A.K.), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Seoul National University (A.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Republic of Korea; NCI (B.C.W.), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), University of Manchester, UK; National Neurofibromatosis Service (R.F.), Department of Neurology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London UK; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (S.L.C.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences (B.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Dermatology (P.W.), GHU Henri Mondor, Paris, France; Children's Tumor Foundation (P.K.), New York.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kurtz
authors.affiliation: From Plymouth University (C.O.H.), Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, The Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth, UK; Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pediatrics (F.P.N.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (K.R., M.F.), Indiana University; Tailored Therapeutics (F.P.N.), Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (A.S.-R.), Neuro-oncology (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurologische Klinik (V.M.), Uniklinik Eppendorf, Hamburg; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (A.K.), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Seoul National University (A.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Republic of Korea; NCI (B.C.W.), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), University of Manchester, UK; National Neurofibromatosis Service (R.F.), Department of Neurology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London UK; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (S.L.C.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences (B.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Dermatology (P.W.), GHU Henri Mondor, Paris, France; Children's Tumor Foundation (P.K.), New York.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferguson
authors.affiliation: From Plymouth University (C.O.H.), Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, The Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth, UK; Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pediatrics (F.P.N.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (K.R., M.F.), Indiana University; Tailored Therapeutics (F.P.N.), Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (A.S.-R.), Neuro-oncology (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurologische Klinik (V.M.), Uniklinik Eppendorf, Hamburg; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (A.K.), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Seoul National University (A.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Republic of Korea; NCI (B.C.W.), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), University of Manchester, UK; National Neurofibromatosis Service (R.F.), Department of Neurology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London UK; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (S.L.C.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences (B.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Dermatology (P.W.), GHU Henri Mondor, Paris, France; Children's Tumor Foundation (P.K.), New York.
authors.forename: Brigitte C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Widemann
authors.affiliation: From Plymouth University (C.O.H.), Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, The Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth, UK; Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pediatrics (F.P.N.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (K.R., M.F.), Indiana University; Tailored Therapeutics (F.P.N.), Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (A.S.-R.), Neuro-oncology (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurologische Klinik (V.M.), Uniklinik Eppendorf, Hamburg; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (A.K.), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Seoul National University (A.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Republic of Korea; NCI (B.C.W.), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), University of Manchester, UK; National Neurofibromatosis Service (R.F.), Department of Neurology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London UK; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (S.L.C.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences (B.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Dermatology (P.W.), GHU Henri Mondor, Paris, France; Children's Tumor Foundation (P.K.), New York.
authors.forename: D Gareth
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.affiliation: From Plymouth University (C.O.H.), Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, The Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth, UK; Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pediatrics (F.P.N.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (K.R., M.F.), Indiana University; Tailored Therapeutics (F.P.N.), Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (A.S.-R.), Neuro-oncology (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurologische Klinik (V.M.), Uniklinik Eppendorf, Hamburg; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (A.K.), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Seoul National University (A.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Republic of Korea; NCI (B.C.W.), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), University of Manchester, UK; National Neurofibromatosis Service (R.F.), Department of Neurology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London UK; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (S.L.C.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences (B.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Dermatology (P.W.), GHU Henri Mondor, Paris, France; Children's Tumor Foundation (P.K.), New York.
authors.forename: Rosalie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ferner
authors.affiliation: From Plymouth University (C.O.H.), Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, The Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth, UK; Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pediatrics (F.P.N.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (K.R., M.F.), Indiana University; Tailored Therapeutics (F.P.N.), Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (A.S.-R.), Neuro-oncology (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurologische Klinik (V.M.), Uniklinik Eppendorf, Hamburg; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (A.K.), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Seoul National University (A.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Republic of Korea; NCI (B.C.W.), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), University of Manchester, UK; National Neurofibromatosis Service (R.F.), Department of Neurology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London UK; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (S.L.C.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences (B.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Dermatology (P.W.), GHU Henri Mondor, Paris, France; Children's Tumor Foundation (P.K.), New York.
authors.forename: Steven L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.affiliation: From Plymouth University (C.O.H.), Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, The Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth, UK; Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pediatrics (F.P.N.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (K.R., M.F.), Indiana University; Tailored Therapeutics (F.P.N.), Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (A.S.-R.), Neuro-oncology (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurologische Klinik (V.M.), Uniklinik Eppendorf, Hamburg; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (A.K.), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Seoul National University (A.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Republic of Korea; NCI (B.C.W.), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), University of Manchester, UK; National Neurofibromatosis Service (R.F.), Department of Neurology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London UK; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (S.L.C.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences (B.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Dermatology (P.W.), GHU Henri Mondor, Paris, France; Children's Tumor Foundation (P.K.), New York.
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Korf
authors.affiliation: From Plymouth University (C.O.H.), Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, The Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth, UK; Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pediatrics (F.P.N.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (K.R., M.F.), Indiana University; Tailored Therapeutics (F.P.N.), Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (A.S.-R.), Neuro-oncology (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurologische Klinik (V.M.), Uniklinik Eppendorf, Hamburg; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (A.K.), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Seoul National University (A.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Republic of Korea; NCI (B.C.W.), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), University of Manchester, UK; National Neurofibromatosis Service (R.F.), Department of Neurology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London UK; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (S.L.C.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences (B.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Dermatology (P.W.), GHU Henri Mondor, Paris, France; Children's Tumor Foundation (P.K.), New York.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wolkenstein
authors.affiliation: From Plymouth University (C.O.H.), Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, The Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth, UK; Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pediatrics (F.P.N.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (K.R., M.F.), Indiana University; Tailored Therapeutics (F.P.N.), Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (A.S.-R.), Neuro-oncology (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurologische Klinik (V.M.), Uniklinik Eppendorf, Hamburg; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (A.K.), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Seoul National University (A.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Republic of Korea; NCI (B.C.W.), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), University of Manchester, UK; National Neurofibromatosis Service (R.F.), Department of Neurology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London UK; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (S.L.C.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences (B.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Dermatology (P.W.), GHU Henri Mondor, Paris, France; Children's Tumor Foundation (P.K.), New York.
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.affiliation: From Plymouth University (C.O.H.), Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, The Institute of Translational and Stratified Medicine, Plymouth, UK; Department of Neurology (J.O.B.), Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Baltimore, MD; Department of Pediatrics (F.P.N.) and Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine (K.R., M.F.), Indiana University; Tailored Therapeutics (F.P.N.), Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN; Department of Pathology (A.S.-R.), Neuro-oncology (S.R.P.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurologische Klinik (V.M.), Uniklinik Eppendorf, Hamburg; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (A.K.), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Seoul National University (A.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Republic of Korea; NCI (B.C.W.), Pediatric Oncology Branch, Bethesda, MD; Genomic Medicine (D.G.E.), University of Manchester, UK; National Neurofibromatosis Service (R.F.), Department of Neurology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London UK; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (S.L.C.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Heflin Center for Genomic Sciences (B.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Dermatology (P.W.), GHU Henri Mondor, Paris, France; Children's Tumor Foundation (P.K.), New York.
authors.forename: Scott R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Plotkin
mesh_terms: D018070:Biological Specimen Banks; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D066264:Datasets as Topic; D006801:Humans; D009442:Neurilemmoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D017253:Neurofibromatoses / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D009456:Neurofibromatosis 1 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D016518:Neurofibromatosis 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers