title: Global Navigation Satellite System Multipath Mitigation Using a Wave-Absorbing Shield.
abstract: Code multipath is an unmanaged error source in precise global navigation satellite system (GNSS) observation processing that limits GNSS positioning accuracy. A new technique for mitigating multipath by installing a wave-absorbing shield is presented in this paper. The wave-absorbing shield was designed according to a GNSS requirement of received signals and collected measurements to achieve good performance. The wave-absorbing shield was installed at the KUN1 and SHA1 sites of the international GNSS Monitoring and Assessment System (iGMAS). Code and carrier phase measurements of three constellations were collected on the dates of the respective installations plus and minus one week. Experiments were performed in which the multipath of the measurements obtained at different elevations was mitigated to different extents after applying the wave-absorbing shield. The results of an analysis and comparison show that the multipath was mitigated by approximately 17%-36% on all available frequencies of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), Global Positioning System (GPS), and Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) satellites. The three-dimensional accuracies of BDS, GPS, and GLONASS single-point positioning (SPP) were, respectively, improved by 1.07, 0.63 and 0.49 m for the KUN1 site, and by 0.72, 0.79 and 0.73 m for the SHA1 site. Results indicate that the multipath of the original observations was mitigated by using the wave-absorbing shield.
authors.affiliation: National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China. yanghy@ntsc.ac.cn.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. yanghy@ntsc.ac.cn.|Key Laboratory of Precision Navigation and Timing Technology, National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China. yanghy@ntsc.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China. yyang@ntsc.ac.cn.|Key Laboratory of Precision Navigation and Timing Technology, National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China. yyang@ntsc.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Xuhai
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China. sunbaoqi@ntsc.ac.cn.|Key Laboratory of Precision Navigation and Timing Technology, National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China. sunbaoqi@ntsc.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Baoqi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China. suxing11@mails.ucas.ac.cn.|University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. suxing11@mails.ucas.ac.cn.|Key Laboratory of Precision Navigation and Timing Technology, National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China. suxing11@mails.ucas.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Su
keywords: global navigation satellite system (GNSS); multipath; single-point positioning (SPP); wave-absorbing shield