title: Circulating MicroRNA-188, -30a, and -30e as Early Biomarkers for Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury.
abstract: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is typically defined by an increase in serum creatinine after intravascular administration of contrast medium. Because creatinine is an unreliable indicator of acute changes in kidney function, we assessed whether circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) could serve as biomarkers for early detection of CI-AKI.
  
  
  
  Using a rat model of CI-AKI, we first evaluated the miRNA profile of rat plasma and kidney. Three miRNA species with >1.5-fold increase in plasma samples of CI-AKI rats, including miRNA-188, miRNA-30a, and miRNA-30e, were selected as candidate miRNAs. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that these candidate miRNAs peaked in concentration around 4 hours after contrast medium exposure and were relatively renal-specific. We compared the plasma levels of these candidate miRNAs in 71 patients who underwent coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention and developed CI-AKI with those of 71 matched controls. The plasma levels of the 3 candidate miRNAs were significantly elevated in the CI-AKI group as compared to the control group. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that these miRNAs significantly distinguished patients with CI-AKI from those without CI-AKI. MiRNA composites were highly accurate for CI-AKI prediction, as shown in maximized specificity by treble-positive miRNA composite or maximized Youden index by any-positive miRNA composite. Moreover, the selected miRNAs changes were associated with Mehran Risk Scores.
  
  
  
  Plasma levels of candidate miRNAs significantly distinguished patients with CI-AKI from those without CI-AKI. Thus, miRNAs are potential biomarkers for early detection of CI-AKI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Shi-Qun
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Tuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
authors.forename: Ding
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Feng
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Lei
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Liu-Hua
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Sheng-Ying
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China rjshenlinghong@126.com rjheben@126.com.
authors.forename: Ling-Hong
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China rjshenlinghong@126.com rjheben@126.com.
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D000074166:Circulating MicroRNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007472:Iohexol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D000074166:Circulating MicroRNA; D003287:Contrast Media; D007472:Iohexol
keywords: biomarker; contrast‐induced nephropathy; microRNA