title: Emerging roles of the bone morphogenetic protein pathway in cancer: potential therapeutic target for kinase inhibition.
abstract: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) belong to the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family signalling pathway. Similar to TGF-β, the complex roles of BMPs in development and disease are demonstrated by their dichotomous roles in various cancers and cancer stages. Although early studies implicated BMP signalling in tumour suppressive phenotypes, the results of more recent experiments recognize BMPs as potent tumour promoters. Many of these complexities are becoming illuminated by understanding the role of BMPs in their contextual role in unique cell types of cancer and the impact of their surrounding tumour microenvironment. Here we review the emerging roles of BMP signalling in cancer, with a focus on the molecular underpinnings of BMP signalling in individual cancers as a valid therapeutic target for cancer prevention and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Pawina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jiramongkolchai
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232 U.S.A. Philip.owens@vanderbilt.edu.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Owens
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, U.S.A. Research Medicine, Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, U.S.A. charles.c.hong@vanderbilt.edu.
authors.forename: Charles C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D015398:Signal Transduction; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
chemical_list: D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors
keywords: bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling; cancer; small molecule BMP inhibitors