title: Characterization of μ-oxo-(BsubPc)2 in Multiple Organic Photovoltaic Device Architectures: Comparing against and Combining with Cl-BsubPc.
abstract: We demonstrate the first application of a unique boron subphthalocyanine (BsubPc) derivative, the oxygen bridged dimer μ-oxo-(BsubPc)2, as a multifunctional material within planar heterojunction organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. We first explored the pairing of μ-oxo-(BsubPc)2 with well-known electron accepting and electron donating materials to explore its basic functionality. These preliminary device structures and metrics indicated that μ-oxo-(BsubPc)2 is best applied as an electron donating material when used in simple bilayer structures, as it yielded comparable OPV device efficiencies to that of the more well-established and highly optimized chloro-boron subphthalocyanine (Cl-BsubPc) OPV device structures. Thereafter we established that the HOMO/LUMO energy levels of μ-oxo-(BsubPc)2 are well-placed to apply it as a bifunctional donor/acceptor interlayer material in both energy and charge cascade OPV device architectures. Within this context, we found that μ-oxo-(BsubPc)2 was particularly effective in a charge cascade device as an interlayer between Cl-BsubPc and C70. We finally found evidence of an alloying-like effect for devices with mixed electron donor layers of (Cl-BsubPc) and μ-oxo-(BsubPc)2, achieved through co-deposition. The overarching conclusion is therefore that μ-oxo-(BsubPc)2 has the ability to improve the performance of Cl-BsubPc OPV devices and is a multifunctional material worthy of further study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada.|Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto , 184 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada.
authors.forename: Jeffrey S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Castrucci
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada.
authors.forename: Richard K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Garner
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada.
authors.forename: Jeremy D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Dang
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto , 184 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada.
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Thibau
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto , 184 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada.
authors.forename: Zheng-Hong
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada.|Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto , 184 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada.|Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
authors.forename: Timothy P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Bender
keywords: acceptor; boron; bridge; cascade; donor; electron; oxygen; subphthalocyanine