title: Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase producing Cephalosporin resistant Salmonella Typhi, reported from Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
abstract: Typhoid is endemic in many parts of southeast Asia. Due to the resistance of the organism to first line of antibiotics (ampicillin, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole) as well as to fluoroquinolones, third generation cephalosporins have been in use for the empiric treatment of typhoid for years. However an increasing incidence of Salmonella Typhi is being reported sporadically from various regions. We report a case of typhoid due to Salmonella Typhi which was non-responsive to treatment with a cephalosporin, was found to be multidrug resistant and resistant to ciprofloxacin and third generation cephalosporin as well. The patient was finally treated successfully with intravenous administration of a carbapenem.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Army Medical College, NUST, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Tehmina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Munir
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics and Medicine, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Munir
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lodhi
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Jawad Khaliq
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Atta ur Rehman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), NUST, Islamabad.
authors.forename: Saadia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Andleeb
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Mushtaq
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahmed
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015780:Carbapenems / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018550:Cephalosporin Resistance; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010154:Pakistan; D012485:Salmonella typhi; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D015780:Carbapenems
keywords: Typhoid fever, Salmonella Typhi, cephalosporin, carbapenem.