title: The emerging insights into catalytic or non-catalytic roles of TET proteins in tumors and neural development.
abstract: The Ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins have been recently identified as critical regulators in epigenetic modification, especially in the methylation of cytosine in DNA. TET-mediated DNA oxidation plays prominent roles in a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes, especially in tumor and neural development. TET proteins execute stepwise enzymatic conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). In addition to the more proverbial enzymatic role of TET proteins, TET proteins also possess non-enzymatic activity, through interacting with some epigenetic modifiers. In this review article, we focus on TET proteins dual activities (catalytic or non-catalytic) in tumor and neural development. Hence, the clarification of TET proteins dual activities will contribute to our further understanding of neural development and may open the possibility of new therapeutic avenues to human tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Bin
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Key Lab. for Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Information and Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.|National Centers for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Wei-Lin
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D044503:5-Methylcytosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D019175:DNA Methylation; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D009474:Neurons / Q000201:enzymology*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C011865:5-hydroxymethylcytosine; D044503:5-Methylcytosine
keywords: TET proteins; cancer; epigenetics; glioma; neural development