title: Modulatory role of Pterocarpus santalinus against alcohol-induced liver oxidative/nitrosative damage in rats.
abstract: Pterocarpus santalinus, a traditional medicinal plant has shown protective mechanisms against various complications. The aim of the present study is to evaluate therapeutic efficacy of P. santalinus heartwood methanolic extract (PSE) against alcohol-induced oxidative/nitrosative stress leading to hepatotoxicity. In-vitro studies revealed that PSE possess strong DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl) and nitric oxide radical scavenging activity. For in vivo studies male albino Wistar rats were treated with 20% alcohol (5g/kg b.wt/day) and PSE (250mg/kg b.wt/day) for 60days. Results showed that alcohol administration significantly altered plasma lipid profile with marked increase in the levels of plasma transaminases (ALT and AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and gamma glutamyl transferase (γGT). Moreover, lipid peroxides, nitric oxide (NOx) levels in plasma and liver were increased with increased iNOS protein expression in liver was noticed in alcohol administered rats and these levels were significantly brought back close to normal level by PSE administration except iNOS protein expression. Alcohol administration also decreased the content of reduced glutathione (GSH) and activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-s transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in liver, which were significantly enhanced by administration of PSE. The active compounds pterostilbene, lignan and lupeols present in PSE might have shown protection against alcohol-induced hepatic damage by possibly reducing the rate of lipid peroxidation, NOx levels and increasing the antioxidant defence mechanism in alcohol administered rats. Both biochemical and histopathological results in the alcohol-induced liver damage model emphasize beneficial action of PSE as a hepatoprotective agent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515 003, AP, India.
authors.forename: Saradamma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bulle
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515 003, AP, India.
authors.forename: Vaddi Damodara
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.affiliation: Oil Technological Research Institute, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Anantapur 515 001, AP, India.
authors.forename: Pannuru
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Padmavathi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Texas children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX-77030, USA.
authors.forename: Paramahamsa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maturu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515 003, AP, India. Electronic address: vdp_1975@yahoo.co.in.
authors.forename: Varadacharyulu
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: N Ch
mesh_terms: D000438:Alcohols / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D015538:Nitrosation / Q000187:drug effects; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D035721:Pterocarpus / Q000737:chemistry*; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols; D000975:Antioxidants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D005978:Glutathione
keywords: Alcohol; Hepatotoxicity; Nitrosative stress; Oxidative stress; P. santalinus