title: Operative outcomes of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in patients with congenital heart disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to compare the outcomes of pyloromyotomy for infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) in children with and without congenital heart disease (CHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective, single pediatric center, case-control, matched cohort study was performed over 10years. A case of IHPS with CHD was paired with control patients of IHPS without CHD, matched by age and gender. Perioperative morbidity, 30-day mortality, length of hospital stay, and hospital cost were compared. Subgroups were analyzed based on the severity of CHD and the reason for admission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-six patients who underwent pyloromyotomy for IHPS with CHD (CHD group) were matched with 78 patients with IHPS without CHD (Non-CHD group). No 30-day mortality was identified in either group. Overall perioperative complications were not significantly different between groups (11.5% vs 5.2%, p=0.163). However, postoperative length of stay was longer in CHD group (6 vs 1days, p<0.001) and any subgroups of CHD as compared to Non-CHD group. CHD group patients admitted only for IHPS had short postoperative LOS, whereas those who developed pyloric stenosis during a hospital admission stayed longer postoperatively (1.5 vs 26.5days, p<0.001). Mean hospital costs in patients admitted for IHPS were $16,270 and $3591 for CHD group and Non-CHD group, respectively (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IHPS patients with CHD have prolonged postpyloromyotomy course, especially when inpatients with CHD incidentally develop IHPS.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA. Electronic address: drmiyatas@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.affiliation: LAC+USC Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Jayun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: LAC+USC Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Kazuhide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsushima
authors.affiliation: Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Colton, California, USA.
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Bliss
mesh_terms: D002140:California; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications* / Q000191:economics / Q000401:mortality; D017721:Hospital Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D046248:Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic / Q000150:complications / Q000191:economics / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D011708:Pylorus / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Atropine therapy; Congenital heart disease; Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis; Pyloromyotomy