title: [Characteristics, advantages, and limits of matrix tests].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Deterioration of communication abilities due to hearing problems is particularly relevant in listening situations with noise. Therefore, speech intelligibility tests in noise are required for audiological diagnostics and evaluation of hearing rehabilitation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study analyzed the characteristics of matrix tests assessing the 50 % speech recognition threshold in noise. What are their advantages and limitations?
  
  
  METHODS
  Matrix tests are based on a matrix of 50 words (10 five-word sentences with same grammatical structure). In the standard setting, 20 sentences are presented using an adaptive procedure estimating the individual 50 % speech recognition threshold in noise. At present, matrix tests in 17 different languages are available.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A high international comparability of matrix tests exists. The German language matrix test (OL﻿SA, male speaker) has a reference 50 % speech recognition threshold of -7.1 (± 1.1) dB SNR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Before using a matrix test for the first time, the test person has to become familiar with the basic speech material using two training lists. Hereafter, matrix tests produce constant results even if repeated many times. Matrix tests are suitable for users of hearing aids and cochlear implants, particularly for assessment of benefit during the fitting process. Matrix tests can be performed in closed form and consequently with non-native listeners, even if the experimenter does not speak the test person's native language. Short versions of matrix tests are available for listeners with a shorter memory span, e.g., children.
authors.affiliation: Exzellenzcluster Hearing4all, Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Deutschland. thomas.brand@uni-oldenburg.de.|Medizinische Physik, Department für Medizinische Physik und Akustik, Fakultät VI, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Postfach 2503, 26111, Oldenburg, Deutschland. thomas.brand@uni-oldenburg.de.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.affiliation: Exzellenzcluster Hearing4all, Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Deutschland.|Hörzentrum Oldenburg GmbH, Oldenburg, Deutschland.
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Wagener
mesh_terms: D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio; D013063:Speech Discrimination Tests / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D013069:Speech Reception Threshold Test / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D014175:Translating
keywords: Children; Cochlear implant; Hearing loss; Rehabilitation; Speech intelligibility tests