title: Boar seminal plasma exosomes maintain sperm function by infiltrating into the sperm membrane.
abstract: Seminal plasma ingredients are important for maintenance of sperm viability. This study focuses on the effect of boar seminal plasma exosomes on sperm function during long-term liquid storage. Boar seminal plasma exosomes had typical nano-structure morphology as measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and molecular markers such as AWN, CD9 and CD63 by western blot analysis. The effect on sperm parameters of adding different ratio of boar seminal plasma exosomes to boar sperm preparations was analyzed. Compared to the diluent without exosomes, the diluent with four times or sixteen times exosomes compared to original semen had higher sperm motility, prolonged effective survival time, improved sperm plasma membrane integrity (p < 0.05), increased total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) activity and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The diluent containing four times concentration of exosomes compared to original semen was determined to inhibit premature capacitation, but not to influence capacitation induced in vitro. Inhibition of premature capacitation is likely related to the concentration of exosomes which had been demonstrated to transfer proteins including AWN and PSP-1 into sperm. In addition, using fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis, it was demonstrated that exosomes in diluent were directly binding to the membrane of sperm head which could improve sperm plasma membrane integrity.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Du
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yuanxian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Chuanying
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Weijun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: NPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptives and Devices, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research (SIPPR), Institutes of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Diao
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Wuzi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D055354:Exosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012661:Semen / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D055101:Semen Analysis; D029589:Seminal Plasma Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013075:Sperm Capacitation; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013084:Sperm-Ovum Interactions; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology*; D013552:Swine; D060245:Tetraspanin 29 / Q000378:metabolism; D060149:Tetraspanin 30 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C450059:PSPC1 protein, human; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D029589:Seminal Plasma Proteins; D060245:Tetraspanin 29; D060149:Tetraspanin 30; C425042:spermadhesin
keywords: Pathology Section; boar sperm quality; capacitation; liquid storage; seminal plasma exosomes