title: Phylogenetic characterization of virulent Newcastle disease viruses isolated during outbreaks in northwestern Iran in 2010.
abstract: The northwest of Iran shares long borders with three neighboring countries; therefore, it is considered one of the main entry portals of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) into the country. Ten virulent NDVs were recovered from 19 poultry farms of various prefectures in northwestern Iran during Newcastle disease outbreaks in 2010. The isolates were genotypically analyzed using an F-gene-specific reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. The amplified F gene (nucleotides 189-1666) sequences of the NDV isolates were compared phylogenetically with those of previously published strains in GenBank. All of the NDV isolates belonged to genotype VIIb and were closely related to some isolates from Iran, Russia, and Sweden. Therefore, it can be postulated that these isolates evolved from previously reported strains. The velogenic viruses carried the motif (112)R-R-Q-K-R/F(117) at the F0 cleavage site and a unique substitution of (190)L→F which had never been reported in any NDV genotype VIIb isolate. They shared high sequence similarity with each other but were distinct from current NDV vaccines and NDV strains reported from other countries. This information is fundamental for improving the efficacy of controlling strategies and vaccine development for NDV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran. elham.ahmadi.vet@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Elham
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ahmadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Poultry Diseases, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Ali
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Pourbakhsh
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, West Azarbaijan, Iran.
authors.forename: Malahat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahmadi
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, West Azarbaijan, Iran.
authors.forename: Karim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mardani
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, West Azarbaijan, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Talebi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005838:Genotype; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins