title: Multiple Ocular and Systemic Disorders in Association with Bilateral Duane's Retraction Syndrome.
abstract: Duane's retraction syndrome (DRS) is characterized by limitations in horizontal eye movements, globe retraction, and palpebral fissure narrowing on attempted adduction. This disorder is caused by a disturbance in innervation originating in the brain stem and represents <1% of all cases of strabismus. It is postulated that this syndrome is due to an insult during the early weeks (8-10 weeks) of pregnancy and is 10-20 times more frequently associated with other systemic congenital anomalies. This case report of bilateral DRS included bilateral iris-retinal coloboma and congenital heart disease, sensory hearing loss, and inguinal hernia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zare
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Akbari
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Yaser
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Kiarudi
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hadi Zare
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Mehrjardi
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003103:Coloboma / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D004370:Duane Retraction Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007498:Iris / Q000002:abnormalities*; D012160:Retina / Q000002:abnormalities*
keywords: Coloboma; Duane's Retraction Syndrome; Tetralogy of Fallot