title: Establishing and characterizing a new primary effusion lymphoma cell line harboring Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary effusion lymphoma is a rare distinct large B-cell neoplasm that is associated with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection. Over recent years, 9 KSHV-positive/Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative PEL cell lines have been established.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tumor cells were collected from the pleural effusion of a 49-year-old male with AIDS. Cells were grown in RPMI1640 culture medium supplemented with 10 % fetus bovine serum. Single cell cloning was performed successfully by a limiting dilution method in a 96-well plate. The cell line obtained was designated SPEL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SPEL cells showed gourd-shaped morphology with a polarized nucleus, expressing CD38, CD138, and Blimp-1, but not B cell markers such as CD19 and CD20. Polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that SPEL cells were positive for KSHV but negative for EBV. Tetradecanoylphorbol acetate induced expression of KSHV lytic proteins and the production of KSHV particles in SPEL cells. Subcutaneous inoculation of SPEL cells into severe combined immunodeficiency mice resulted in the formation of solid tumors. Next-generation sequencing revealed the 138 kbp genome sequence of KSHV in SPEL cells. Suberic bishydroxamate, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, induced the expression of KSHV-encoded lytic proteins and cell death in SPEL cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A new KSHV-positive and EBV-negative PEL cell line, SPEL was established. This cell line may contribute to furthering our understanding of the pathogenesis of PEL and KSHV infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640 Japan.|Military Medicine Research Unit, Test and Evaluation Command, Japan Ground Self Defense Force, 1-2-24 Ikejiri, Setagaya, Tokyo, 154-0001 Japan.
authors.forename: Madori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640 Japan.|Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan.
authors.forename: Sohtaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mine
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513 Japan.
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.affiliation: Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640 Japan.
authors.forename: Kengo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.affiliation: Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640 Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sekizuka
authors.affiliation: Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640 Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640 Japan.
authors.forename: Michiyo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kataoka
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640 Japan.
authors.forename: Hitomi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukumoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640 Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640 Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanno
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640 Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.affiliation: Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan.
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan.
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukayama
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513 Japan.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513 Japan.
authors.forename: Soichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanoh
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513 Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawana
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513 Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujikura
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640 Japan.
authors.forename: Harutaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katano
keywords: Cell line; KSHV; Kaposi’s sarcoma–associated herpesvirus; PEL; Primary effusion lymphoma