title: Antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoids content variations of leaves extracts of white Horehound (Marrubium vulgare Linné) from three geographical origins.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate the effect of the sampling location of Marrubium vulgare L. leaves on phenolic contents and antioxidant proprieties of flavonoids extracts.
  
  
  METHODS
  M. vulgare L. leaves were collected from three different geographical locations belonging to northwest Algeria: Tessala (mountain region), M'sila forest (coastal region), and Ain Skhouna (steppe region). The flavonoid extraction was achieved using organic solvents with different polarities (methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and hexane). Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method was used for quantification of total phenolic contents, and aluminum chloride assay for quantification of total flavonoid contents. The antioxidant properties of flavonoids extract were studied by free l,l-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total phenolic and flavonoids concentrations varied respectively between 40.7 and 160mg gallic acid equivalents/g and 27.4 and 66.3mg catechin equivalents/g. The DPPH free radical-scavenging activity shows that the antioxidant activity of the flavonoid extracts varied significantly (P<0.001) depending on the type of the organic solvent used, and the sampling location. The methanol, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts exhibited the highest percentages of inhibition unlike to the aqueous and hexane extracts. These percentages are ranged from 54.8 to 98.8% at 1000μg/mL. In general, M'sila forest flavonoids extracts showed the highest free radical inhibition capacity; followed by those of Ain Skhouna and Tessala Mountain. The inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) ranged from 33.7 to 774μg/mL and often exceeded those recorded by phenolic standards (ascorbic acid, gallic acid, caffeic acid, tannic acid and catechin). The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of some flavonoid classes, such as flavans and flavanols.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggested a potent antioxidant activity of M. vulgare flavonoids extracts, which may find its application in feature research for the food and the pharmacological industries.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of vegetal biodiversity: conservation and valorization, faculty of life and natural sciences, Djillali Liabes university, 22000 Sidi Bel-Abbes, Algeria. Electronic address: bouterfas_karim@yahoo.fr.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bouterfas
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of vegetal biodiversity: conservation and valorization, faculty of life and natural sciences, Djillali Liabes university, 22000 Sidi Bel-Abbes, Algeria.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mehdadi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of biotoxicology, faculty of life and natural sciences, Djillali Liabes university, 22000 Sidi Bel-Abbes, Algeria.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Elaoufi
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of vegetal biodiversity: conservation and valorization, faculty of life and natural sciences, Djillali Liabes university, 22000 Sidi Bel-Abbes, Algeria.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Latreche
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of vegetal biodiversity: conservation and valorization, faculty of life and natural sciences, Djillali Liabes university, 22000 Sidi Bel-Abbes, Algeria.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Benchiha
mesh_terms: D000462:Algeria; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005843:Geography; D027522:Marrubium / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010636:Phenols; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
keywords: Activité antioxydante; Antioxidant activity; CI(50); DPPH; Extraits flavonoïques; Flavonoid extracts; Geographical location; IC(50); Localité géographique; Marrubium vulgare; Marrubium vulgare L.