title: Association Between Vaginal Douching and Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Women in the United States.
abstract: The very few studies that have examined the association between vaginal douching and genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection have found contrary results. We investigated the associations between douching and numbers of HPV genotypes infecting 1271 participants aged 20-49 years in the 2003-2004 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. After controlling for relevant covariates, douching in the past 6 months was significantly associated with infection by higher numbers of all genital HPV types (relative risk ratio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.54) and HPV high-risk types (1.40; 1.09-1.80).
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Science.
authors.forename: Thanh Cong
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Bui
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens.
authors.forename: Thuy Nhu
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Thai
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.
authors.forename: Ly Thi-Hai
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics (Division of Quantitative Sciences).
authors.forename: Sanjay S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Shete
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston.
authors.forename: Lois M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ramondetta
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Science.
authors.forename: Karen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Basen-Engquist
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000209:etiology* / Q000821:virology; D014481:United States; D044364:Vaginal Douching / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: United States; cervical cancer; human papillomavirus; vaginal douching