title: High Tumor Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression Is Associated With Poorer Clinical Outcomes in Resected T3 Gastric Adenocarcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the clinical and prognostic significance of high vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in resected T3 gastric adenocarcinoma (GA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data of VEGF expression on 453 patients with resected T3 GA were collected from a single institute in Fuzhou, China. VEGF expression in the resected tumor tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Associations between VEGF expression outcomes and prognosis were investigated using by the χ(2) test, Kaplan-Meier plus log-rank test, and univariate and multivariate Cox models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 48.6% (220/453) patients had low VEGF expression (IHC score ≤2+). Patients with high VEGF expression (IHC>2+; 233/453, 51.4%) had significantly poorer median recurrence-free survival time (20 vs 55 months, P < 001) and median overall survival time (28 vs 58 months; P < 001) than patients with low VEGF. High VEGF was associated with higher overall recurrence (68.2% vs 51.4%, P = 2.675 × 10(-4)), poorer overall survival (27.5% vs 47.3%, P = 1.719 × 10(-5)), and increased risk of recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 1.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.33-2.19; P = 2.43 × 10(-5)) and death (HR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.41-2.3; P = 2.19 × 10(-6)).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High VEGF expression is associated with a higher risk of recurrence and shorter survival in resected T3 GA. These findings may provide a foundation for evaluating VEGF-targeted molecular therapies in T3 GA.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of General Surgery.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: From the Department of General Surgery.
authors.forename: Zaizhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, 174th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Xiamen, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Ruohan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: From the Department of General Surgery.
authors.forename: Shaoquan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Clinical Institute of Fuzhou General Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Daiyong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital (Dongfang Hospital), Fuzhou, China.
authors.forename: Qiaojia
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: From the Department of General Surgery Clinical Institute of Fuzhou General Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China. tuxiaohuang@126.com fzptwk@xmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiaohuang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.affiliation: From the Department of General Surgery Clinical Institute of Fuzhou General Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China. tuxiaohuang@126.com fzptwk@xmu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
keywords: Biomarker; Clinical outcomes; Gastric adenocarcinoma; Resection; T3 category; VEGF