title: Maxillary Sinus Floor Augmentation Using Biphasic Calcium Phosphate and a Hydrogel Polyethylene Glycol Covering Membrane: An Histological and Histomorphometric Evaluation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Maxillary sinus floor augmentation with a lateral approach is usually performed using a bone substitute covered with standard collagen or a synthetic barrier membrane to prevent soft tissue ingrowth within the bone graft. The purpose of this case series was to evaluate a polyethylene glycol (PEG) membrane with a hydrogel consistency, used to protect the lateral sinus anstrotomy, by analyzing the histological quality and histomorphometric quantity of newly formed bone (NB) in a maxillary sinus graft using biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen sinuses were grafted from 12 patients. Six months after the maxillary sinus floor augmentation, bone biopsies were harvested from 7 patients during the implant placement second-step surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The histomorphometric evaluation of the 7 grafted sinuses showed mean values of 27.4 ± 4.6% for NB, 26.9 ± 5.4% for remaining BCP particles, and 45.7 ± 6.0% for connective tissue/bone marrow. No implant failure was observed in the 14- to 45-month follow-up period after maxillary sinus floor augmentation procedure and in the 8- to 39-month follow-up period after implant loading.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of a hydrogel PEG membrane to protect BCP proved to be a valuable grafting procedure to enhance the vital bone formation in the maxillary sinus floor augmentation procedure.
authors.affiliation: *Private Practice, Saint Maur des Fosses, France. †Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Research Center in Oral Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. ‡IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Dental Clinic, Milan, Italy. §Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Research Center in Oral Implantology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ohayon
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taschieri
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Corbella
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Fabbro
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001846:Bone Development; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000473:pathology; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008875:Middle Aged; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D020100:Hydrogels; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; C074950:hydroxyapatite-beta tricalcium phosphate; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols