title: Relative Risks for Lethal Prostate Cancer Based on Complete Family History of Prostate Cancer Death.
abstract: There are few published familial relative risks (RR) for lethal prostate cancer. This study estimates RRs for lethal prostate cancer based on comprehensive family history data, with the goal of improving identification of those men at highest risk of dying from prostate cancer.
  
  
  
  We used a population-based genealogical resource linked to a statewide electronic SEER cancer registry and death certificates to estimate relative risks (RR) for death from prostate cancer based upon family history. Over 600,000 male probands were analyzed, representing a variety of family history constellations of lethal prostate cancer. RR estimates were based on the ratio of the observed to the expected number of lethal prostate cancer cases using internal rates.
  
  
  
  RRs for lethal prostate cancer based on the number of affected first-degree relatives (FDR) ranged from 2.49 (95% CI: 2.27, 2.73) for exactly 1 FDR to 5.30 (2.13, 10.93) for ≥3 affected FDRs. In an absence of affected FDRs, increased risk was also significant for increasing numbers of affected second-degree or third degree relatives. Equivalent risks were observed for similar maternal and paternal family history.
  
  
  
  This study provides population-based estimates of lethal prostate cancer risk based on lethal prostate cancer family history. Many family history constellations associated with two to greater than five times increased risk for lethal prostate cancer were identified. These lethal prostate cancer risk estimates hold potential for use in identification, screening, early diagnosis, and treatment of men at high risk for death from prostate cancer. Prostate77:41-48, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacotherapy Outcomes Research Center, Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Frederick S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Albright
authors.affiliation: Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah.|Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.|George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Stephenson
authors.affiliation: Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah.|Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Neeraj
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.affiliation: George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.|Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Cannon-Albright
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008487:Medical History Taking / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D009026:Mortality / Q000639:trends; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality*; D012307:Risk Factors; D018426:SEER Program / Q000639:trends*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
keywords: UPDB; family history; prostate cancer; relative risk