title: European marketable grain legume seeds: Further insight into phenolic compounds profiles.
abstract: Twenty-nine mature raw varieties of grain legume seeds (chickpeas, field peas, faba beans, common vetch and lupins) produced in Europe were investigated for their phenolic profile by means of high performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). To the best of our knowledge, this study reported for the first time the phenolic composition of mature raw seeds of chickpea type Desi, field pea and common vetch. Phenolic acids were predominant compounds in chickpeas, field peas and common vetch compared to flavonoids, whereas the opposite was observed for lupin seeds. Yellow lupins presented the highest levels of total phenolic compounds followed by narrow-leafed lupins (in average 960 and 679mg/kg, dry basis, respectively), whereas Kabuli chickpeas got the lowest ones (in average 47mg/kg, dry basis). Principal component analysis revealed that flavones and total levels of phenolic compounds were responsible for nearly 51% of total data variability.
authors.affiliation: REQUIMTE/LAQV, ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Sara C Q
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Magalhães
authors.affiliation: REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taveira
authors.affiliation: REQUIMTE/LAQV, ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Ana R J
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Cabrita
authors.affiliation: REQUIMTE/LAQV, ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: António J M
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.affiliation: REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Patrícia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Valentão
authors.affiliation: REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal. Electronic address: pandrade@ff.up.pt.
authors.forename: Paula B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Andrade
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry*; D005060:Europe; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols
keywords: (−)-Epicatechin (PubChem CID: 72276); Apigenin-6-C-glucoside (PubChem CID: 162350); Apigenin-8-C-glucoside (PubChem CID: 5280441); Europe; Food/feed; Grain legumes; HPLC-DAD; Luteolin-6-C-glucoside (PubChem CID: 114776); Luteolin-8-C-glucoside (PubChem CID: 5281675); Myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside (PubChem CID: 5281673); Phenolic compounds; Protocatechuic acid (PubChem CID: 72)