title: Changes of Brain Glucose Metabolism in the Pretreatment Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective PET/CT Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The tumor-to-brain communication has been emphasized by recent converging evidences. This study aimed to compare the difference of brain glucose metabolism between patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and control subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  NSCLC patients prior to oncotherapy and control subjects without malignancy confirmed by 6 months follow-up were collected and underwent the resting state 18F-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) PET/CT. Normalized FDG metabolism was calculated by a signal intensity ratio of each brain region to whole brain. Brain glucose metabolism was compared between NSCLC patients and control group using two samples t-test and multivariate test by statistical parametric maps (SPM) software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the control subjects (n = 76), both brain glucose hyper- and hypometabolism regions with significant statistical differences (P<0.01) were found in the NSCLC patients (n = 83). The hypermetabolism regions (bilateral insula, putamen, pallidum, thalamus, hippocampus and amygdala, the right side of cerebellum, orbital part of right inferior frontal gyrus and vermis) were component parts of visceral to brain signal transduction pathways, and the hypometabolism regions (the left superior parietal lobule, bilateral inferior parietal lobule and left fusiform gyrus) lied in dorsal attention network and visuospatial function areas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The changes of brain glucose metabolism exist in NSCLC patients prior to oncotherapy, which might be attributed to lung-cancer related visceral sympathetic activation and decrease of dorsal attention network function.
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Weishan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.|Nuclear Medicine Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xianjun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lijun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Youmin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.|Department of Biomedical Engineering, the Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D001692:Biological Transport; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000072078:Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose