title: Lumbar scoliosis associated with spinal stenosis in idiopathic and degenerative cases.
abstract: Degenerative de novo scoliosis is commonly present in older adult patients. The degenerative process including disc bulging, facet arthritis, and ligamentum flavum hypertrophy contributes to the appearance of symptoms of spinal stenosis. Idiopathic scoliosis has also degenerative changes that can lead to spinal stenosis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aetiology, prevalence, biomechanics, classification, symptomatology, and treatment of idiopathic and degenerative lumbar scoliosis in association with spinal stenosis are reviewed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Review study is based on a review of pertinent but non-exhaustive literature of the last 20 years in PubMed in English language.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of studies focused on all parameters concerning scoliosis associated with stenosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Very few publications have focused specifically on idiopathic scoliosis and stenosis, and this was before the advent of modern segmental instrumentation. On the other hand, many papers were found for degenerative scoliosis and stenosis with treatment methods based on aetiology of spinal canal stenosis and analysis of global sagittal and frontal parameters. Satisfactory clinical results after operative treatment range from 83 to 96 % but with increased percentage of complications. Recent literature analysed the importance of stabilizing or not the spine after decompression in such situation knowing the increasing risk of instability after facet resection. No prospective randomized studies were found to support short instrumentation. Long instrumentation and fusion to prevent distabilization after decompression were always associated with higher complication rates. Imbalance patients with unsatisfactory compensation capacities were at risk of complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Operative treatment using newly proposed classification system of lumbar scoliosis with associated canal stenosis is useful. Sagittal balance and rotatory dislocation are the main parameters to analyse to determine the length of fusion.
authors.affiliation: Orthospine Department, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France. j-c.lehuec@u-bordeaux.fr.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Le Huec
authors.affiliation: Orthospine Department, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cogniet
authors.affiliation: Orthospine Department, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mazas
authors.affiliation: Departement Orthopedie, Hôpitaux Universitaire de Genève, Hôpital La Tour, Meyrin, Switzerland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Faundez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D055959:Intervertebral Disc Degeneration / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D013130:Spinal Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome
keywords: Canal stenosis; De novo; Idiopathic; Rotatory dislocation; Sagittal balance; Scoliosis