title: Furfural Production from d-Xylose and Xylan by Using Stable Nafion NR50 and NaCl in a Microwave-Assisted Biphasic Reaction.
abstract: Pentose dehydration and direct transformation of xylan into furfural were performed in a water-cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) biphasic system under microwave irradiation. Heated up between 170 and 190 °C in the presence of Nafion NR50 and NaCl, d-xylose, l-arabinose and xylan gave furfural with maximum yields of 80%, 42% and 55%, respectively. The influence of temperature and reaction time on the reaction kinetics was discussed. This study was also completed by the survey of different reactant ratios, such as organic layer-water or catalyst-inorganic salt ratios. The exchange between proton and cation induced by an excess of NaCl was monitored, and a synergetic effect between the remaining protons and the released HCl was also discovered.
authors.affiliation: Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC), CS 60319, 60203 Compiègne Cedex, France. sarah.le-guenic@utc.fr.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Le Guenic
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic. David.Gergela@seznam.cz.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gergela
authors.affiliation: Ecole Supérieure de Chimie Organique et Minérale (ESCOM), 1 rue du Réseau Jean-Marie Buckmaster, 60200 Compiègne, France. c.ceballos@escom.fr.
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ceballos
authors.affiliation: Ecole Supérieure de Chimie Organique et Minérale (ESCOM), 1 rue du Réseau Jean-Marie Buckmaster, 60200 Compiègne, France. f.delbecq@escom.fr.
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Delbecq
authors.affiliation: Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC), CS 60319, 60203 Compiègne Cedex, France. christophe.len@utc.fr.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Len
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D005465:Fluorocarbon Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D005662:Furaldehyde / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008872:Microwaves; D015394:Molecular Structure; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014990:Xylans / Q000737:chemistry*; D014994:Xylose / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005465:Fluorocarbon Polymers; D014990:Xylans; D014867:Water; C040402:perfluorosulfonic acid; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D014994:Xylose; D005662:Furaldehyde
keywords: ">d-xylose; Nafion NR50; biphasic system; furfural; microwave-assisted dehydration; xylan