title: Psychological Evaluation of Patients Seeking Rhinoplasty.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate different determinants of the patient's psychosocial functioning that might possibly affect the outcome of rhinoplastic surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one patients undergoing rhinoplasty, consecutively admitted to and operated upon at the Department of Otolaryngology, Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital, Turkey, were studied with regard to their psychological characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the patient group, Liebowitz anxiety, Liebowitz/avoidance, and Liebowitz/total scores were significantly higher than the control group (p<0.001). No significant differences were found between the patient and control groups according to Rosenberg self-esteem scale and The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. In the Quality of Life SF-36 results, significant differences were found between the patient and control groups apart from SF-36 scores of pain (p<0.05), vitality (p<0.05), social functioning (p<0.05) and emotional role difficulties (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patient selection must be done very carefully to obviate not only physical, but also psychological postoperative complications. The SF-36 questionnaire may be of value in screening-patients for psychological problems prior to rhinoplasty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Dumlupınar University Evliya Çelebi Training and Research Hospital, Kütahya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cuneyt
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kucur
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Erzurum Bölge Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kuduban
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Bezmialem University Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ozturk
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Atatürk University Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa Sitki
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Gozeler
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Dumlupınar University Evliya Çelebi Training and Research Hospital, Kütahya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Isa
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ozbay
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Bezmialem University Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Erdem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Deveci
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Erzurum Bölge Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Eda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Simsek
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Erzurum Bölge Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Zulkuf
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kaya
keywords: Rhinoplasty; patient satisfaction; patient selection; psychological characteristics