title: Change in Carotid Intraplaque Hemorrhage in Community-dwelling Subjects: A Follow-up Study Using Serial MR Imaging.
abstract: Purpose To investigate intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) development and change over time. Materials and Methods Institutional review board approval and written informed consent from all participants were obtained. From a population-based study on subclinical atherosclerosis, 40 participants with IPH at baseline magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (53 carotids with IPH) were randomly selected and were matched with 27 control subjects (53 carotids without IPH) to undergo a second MR examination (mean interval, 17 months ± 4 [standard deviation]) to assess IPH change. IPH volume change was evaluated by using both a visual rating scale and an automated volumetric segmentation tool. Cardiovascular risk factors for IPH volume change were investigated with linear regression analyses. Results IPH remained present in 50 (94%) of the 53 carotids with IPH at baseline, and it developed in five (7%) of the 40 carotids without IPH at baseline. Visual progression of IPH volume was present in 14 (26%) of the 53 carotids with IPH at baseline, and regression was present in 16 (30%). Mean quantitative change in IPH volume was -13.7 mm3± 62.6 per year of follow-up. Male sex (men vs women, 37.7 mm3; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 11.0, 64.4; P = .006), smoking (smokers vs nonsmokers, 45.2 mm3; 95% CI: 7.1, 83.4; P = .020), and hypertension (subjects with hypertension vs those without hypertension, 32.5 mm3; 95% CI: 7.7, 57.2; P = .010) were associated with IPH volume change. Conclusion During 17 months of follow-up, both visual progression and regression of IPH volume occurs, whereas quantitatively IPH volume decreases. This suggests that IPH is a dynamic process with potential for either growth or resolution over time.©RSNA, 2016 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Epidemiology (Q.J.A.v.d.B., M.S., A.H., O.H.F., M.W.V.), Radiology (Q.J.A.v.d.B., M.S., H.T., W.J.N., A.v.d.L., M.W.V.), and Medical Informatics (H.T., W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, PO Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Imaging Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands (H.T., W.J.N.).
authors.forename: Quirijn J A
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2957-3350
authors.initials: QJ
authors.lastname: van den Bouwhuijsen
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Epidemiology (Q.J.A.v.d.B., M.S., A.H., O.H.F., M.W.V.), Radiology (Q.J.A.v.d.B., M.S., H.T., W.J.N., A.v.d.L., M.W.V.), and Medical Informatics (H.T., W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, PO Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Imaging Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands (H.T., W.J.N.).
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Selwaness
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Epidemiology (Q.J.A.v.d.B., M.S., A.H., O.H.F., M.W.V.), Radiology (Q.J.A.v.d.B., M.S., H.T., W.J.N., A.v.d.L., M.W.V.), and Medical Informatics (H.T., W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, PO Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Imaging Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands (H.T., W.J.N.).
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Epidemiology (Q.J.A.v.d.B., M.S., A.H., O.H.F., M.W.V.), Radiology (Q.J.A.v.d.B., M.S., H.T., W.J.N., A.v.d.L., M.W.V.), and Medical Informatics (H.T., W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, PO Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Imaging Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands (H.T., W.J.N.).
authors.forename: Wiro J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Niessen
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Epidemiology (Q.J.A.v.d.B., M.S., A.H., O.H.F., M.W.V.), Radiology (Q.J.A.v.d.B., M.S., H.T., W.J.N., A.v.d.L., M.W.V.), and Medical Informatics (H.T., W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, PO Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Imaging Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands (H.T., W.J.N.).
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hofman
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Epidemiology (Q.J.A.v.d.B., M.S., A.H., O.H.F., M.W.V.), Radiology (Q.J.A.v.d.B., M.S., H.T., W.J.N., A.v.d.L., M.W.V.), and Medical Informatics (H.T., W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, PO Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Imaging Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands (H.T., W.J.N.).
authors.forename: Oscar H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Epidemiology (Q.J.A.v.d.B., M.S., A.H., O.H.F., M.W.V.), Radiology (Q.J.A.v.d.B., M.S., H.T., W.J.N., A.v.d.L., M.W.V.), and Medical Informatics (H.T., W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, PO Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Imaging Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands (H.T., W.J.N.).
authors.forename: Aad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van der Lugt
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Epidemiology (Q.J.A.v.d.B., M.S., A.H., O.H.F., M.W.V.), Radiology (Q.J.A.v.d.B., M.S., H.T., W.J.N., A.v.d.L., M.W.V.), and Medical Informatics (H.T., W.J.N.), Erasmus Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, PO Box 2040, 3000CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Department of Imaging Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands (H.T., W.J.N.).
authors.forename: Meike W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Vernooij
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D057187:Independent Living; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors