title: The MET/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor (VEGFR)-targeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Also Attenuates FMS-dependent Osteoclast Differentiation and Bone Destruction Induced by Prostate Cancer.
abstract: The tyrosine kinase inhibitor TAS-115 that blocks VEGF receptor and hepatocyte growth factor receptor MET signaling exhibits antitumor properties in xenografts of human gastric carcinoma. In this study, we have evaluated the efficacy of TAS-115 in preventing prostate cancer metastasis to the bone and bone destruction using the PC3 cell line. When PC3 cells were injected into proximal tibiae in nude mouse, severe trabecular and cortical bone destruction and subsequent tumor growths were detected. Oral administration of TAS-115 almost completely inhibited both PC3-induced bone loss and PC3 cell proliferation by suppressing osteoclastic bone resorption. In an ex vivo bone organ culture, PC3 cells induced osteoclastic bone resorption when co-cultured with calvarial bone, but TAS-115 effectively suppressed the PC3-induced bone destruction. We found that macrophage colony-stimulating factor-dependent macrophage differentiation and subsequent receptor activator of NF-κB ligand-induced osteoclast formation were largely suppressed by adding TAS-115. The phosphorylation of the macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor FMS and osteoclast related kinases such as ERK and Akt were also suppressed by the presence of TAS-115. Gene expression profiling showed that FMS expression was only seen in macrophage and in the osteoclast cell lineage. Our study indicates that tyrosine kinase signaling in host pre-osteoclasts/osteoclasts is critical for bone destruction induced by tumor cells and that targeting of MET/VEGF receptor/FMS activity makes it a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Biotechnology and Life Science and.
authors.forename: Kenta
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Biotechnology and Life Science and.
authors.forename: Michiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.affiliation: Global Innovation Research Organization, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588.
authors.forename: Tsukasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tominari
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Biotechnology and Life Science and.
authors.forename: Chiho
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.affiliation: the Tsukuba Research Center, Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidenori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.affiliation: the Tsukuba Research Center, Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yonekura
authors.affiliation: the Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, United Kingdom, and.
authors.forename: Gillian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.affiliation: Global Innovation Research Organization, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, the Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FY, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagase
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Biotechnology and Life Science and Global Innovation Research Organization, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588.
authors.forename: Chisato
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Miyaura
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Biotechnology and Life Science and Global Innovation Research Organization, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184-8588, m-inada@cc.tuat.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary*; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016186:Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013890:Thiourea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D011804:Quinolines; C491743:MET protein, human; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met; D016186:Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D013890:Thiourea; C000590217:4-(2-fluoro-4-((((2-phenylacetyl)amino)thioxomethyl)amino)phenoxy)-7-methoxy-N-methyl-6-quinolinecarboxamide
keywords: Bone metastasis; HGF/Met; M-CSF/FMS; VEGF/VEGFR; inhibitor; osteoclast; prostate cancer; signaling; tumor microenvironment; tyrosine-protein kinase (tyrosine kinase)