title: Radiolabeled Phosphonium Salts as Mitochondrial Voltage Sensors for Positron Emission Tomography Myocardial Imaging Agents.
abstract: Despite substantial advances in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, (18)F-labeled positron emission tomography (PET) radiopharmaceuticals remain necessary to diagnose heart disease because clinical use of current PET tracers is limited by their short half-life. Lipophilic cations such as phosphonium salts penetrate the mitochondrial membranes and accumulate in mitochondria of cardiomyocytes in response to negative inner-transmembrane potentials. Radiolabeled tetraphenylphosphonium cation derivatives have been developed as myocardial imaging agents for PET. In this review, a general overview of these radiotracers, including their radiosynthesis, in vivo characterization, and evaluation is provided and clinical perspectives are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, 160 Ilsimri, Hwasun, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Yeon
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, 160 Ilsimri, Hwasun, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Joon
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Min
keywords: 18F-Fluoroalkylphosphonium cations; Mitochondrial voltage sensors; Myocardial imaging agents; Positron emission tomography; Tetraphenylphosphonium cation derivatives