title: Discovery of A-type procyanidin dimers in yellow raspberries by untargeted metabolomics and correlation based data analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Raspberries are becoming increasingly popular due to their reported health beneficial properties. Despite the presence of only trace amounts of anthocyanins, yellow varieties seems to show similar or better effects in comparison to conventional raspberries.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this work is to characterize the metabolic differences between red and yellow berries, focussing on the compounds showing a higher concentration in yellow varieties.
  
  
  METHODS
  The metabolomic profile of 13 red and 12 yellow raspberries (of different varieties, locations and collection dates) was determined by UPLC-TOF-MS. A novel approach based on Pearson correlation on the extracted ion chromatograms was implemented to extract the pseudospectra of the most relevant biomarkers from high energy LC-MS runs. The raw data will be made publicly available on MetaboLights (MTBLS333).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the metabolites showing higher concentration in yellow raspberries it was possible to identify a series of compounds showing a pseudospectrum similar to that of A-type procyanidin polymers. The annotation of this group of compounds was confirmed by specific MS/MS experiments and performing standard injections.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In berries lacking anthocyanins the polyphenol metabolism might be shifted to the formation of a novel class of A-type procyanidin polymers.
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisabete
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-5711-4429
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Franceschi
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
authors.forename: Antje
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Feller
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
authors.forename: Lorena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Herrera
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Palmieri
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
authors.forename: Panagiotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arapitsas
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Riccadonna
authors.affiliation: Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martens
keywords: Data analysis; Metabolomics; Polyphenols; Rubus idaeus; Secondary metabolism