title: Birth Asphyxia and Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in the Preterm Infant.
abstract: Birth asphyxia, also termed perinatal hypoxia-ischemia, is a modifiable condition as evidenced by improved outcomes of infants ≥36 weeks' gestation provided hypothermia treatment in randomized trials. Preterm animal models of asphyxia in utero demonstrate that hypothermia can provide short-term neuroprotection for the developing brain, supporting the interest in extending therapeutic hypothermia to preterm infants. This review focuses on the challenge of identifying preterm infants with perinatal asphyxia; the neuropathology of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury across extreme, moderate, and late preterm infants; and patterns of brain injury, use of therapeutic hypothermia, and approach to patient selection for neuroprotective treatments among preterm infants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, 101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI 02905, USA. Electronic address: alaptook@wihri.org.
authors.forename: Abbot R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Laptook
mesh_terms: D001238:Asphyxia Neonatorum / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D062071:Infant, Extremely Premature; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007969:Leukomalacia, Periventricular / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011247:Pregnancy
keywords: Asphyxia; Hypoxia-ischemia; Neuroprotection; Preterm infants; Therapeutic hypothermia