title: Effect of the Keratinized Mucosa Width on the Health Status of Periimplant and Contralateral Periodontal Tissues: A Cross-sectional Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to examine whether the width of keratinized mucosa (WKM) is associated with the health status of tissue surrounding dental implants and the contralateral teeth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty patients who received implant-fixed unilateral prostheses in the premolar or molar region were recruited for the study. The following parameters were measured for each implant and contralateral tooth: WKM, gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), pus discharge, plaque accumulation (PA), gingival recession (GR), and difficulty of brushing. The effect of the WKM on the health status of the surrounding tissue was evaluated by comparing the different WKM groups (WKM < 2 mm vs WKM ≥ 2 mm).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Implants with a WKM <2 mm demonstrated significantly greater PPD, PA, and a higher rate of BOP compared with implants with a WKM ≥2 mm. There was significantly greater GR in contralateral teeth with a WKM <2 mm compared with a WKM ≥2 mm. In addition, implant sites had a higher rate of BOP compared with the contralateral teeth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inadequate keratinized mucosa decreased cleansibility of implant sites and increased mucosal inflammation. There is a possibility that PA in implant sites caused more pronounced inflammatory response compared to contralateral tooth.
authors.affiliation: *Senior Assistant Professor, Division of Implantology and Periodontology, Department of Highly Advanced Stomatology, Kanagawa Dental University Yokohama Clinic, Yokohama, Japan. †Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan. ‡Clinical Research Associate, Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Tsurumi University Dental Hospital, Yokohama, Japan. §Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan. ‖Professor and Chair, Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Takatoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagano
authors.forename: Tsuneaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shirakawa
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yashima
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gomi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007633:Keratins; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010519:Periodontium / Q000033:anatomy & histology*
chemical_list: D007633:Keratins