title: The comparison of perioperative outcomes of robot-assisted and open partial nephrectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) has been widely used worldwide, to determine whether RAPN is a safe and effective alternative to open partial nephrectomy (OPN) via the comparison of RANP and OPN.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comprehensive literature search was performed within the databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase updated on 30 September 2015. Summary data with their corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random effects or fixed effects model. Heterogeneity and publication bias were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 16 comparative studies including 3024 cases were used for this meta-analysis. There are no significant differences in the demographic characteristic between the two groups, but the age was lower and the tumor size was smaller for the RAPN group. RAPN had a longer operative time and warm ischemia time but which showed less estimated blood loss, hospital stay, and perioperative complications. No differences existed in the margin status, the change of glomerular filtration rate, transfusion rate, and conversion rate between the two groups. There was no significant publication bias.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RAPN offered a lower rate of perioperative complications, less estimated blood loss, and shorter length of hospital stay than OPN, suggesting that RAPN can be an effective alternative to OPN. Well-designed prospective randomized controlled trials will be helpful in validating our findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China.|Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
authors.forename: Zhonghua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China.|Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
authors.forename: Linguo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Genetics and Birth Health of Hunan Province, The Family Planning Research Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, 410126, China.
authors.forename: Wanqin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China.|Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
authors.forename: Hailong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China.|Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China.|Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoteng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China.|Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China.|Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China.|Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
authors.forename: Zhouliang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China. daweitian@163.com.|Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China. daweitian@163.com.
authors.forename: Dawei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road 23, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China. wujygc2003@163.com.|Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China. wujygc2003@163.com.
authors.forename: Changli
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D016913:Blood Component Transfusion / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D061887:Conversion to Open Surgery / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000072662:Margins of Excision; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D061646:Operative Time; D065287:Robotic Surgical Procedures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D052096:Warm Ischemia / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
keywords: Meta-analysis; Open partial nephrectomy; Renal tumor; Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy