title: In vitro effect of clarithromycin and alginate lyase against helicobacter pylori biofilm.
abstract: It is now established that the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori has the ability to form biofilms in vitro as well as on the human gastric mucosa. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of Clarithromycin on H. pylori biofilm and to enhance the effects of this antibiotic by combining it with Alginate Lyase, an enzyme degrading the polysaccharides present in the extracellular polymeric matrix forming the biofilm. We evaluated the Clarithromycin minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) on in vitro preformed biofilm of a H. pylori. Then the synergic effect of Clarithromycin and Alginate Lyase treatment has been quantified by using the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration index, measured by checkerboard microdilution assay. To clarify the mechanisms behind the effectiveness of this antibiofilm therapeutic combination, we used Atomic Force Microscopy to analyze modifications of bacterial morphology, percentage of bacillary or coccoid shaped bacteria cells and to quantify biofilm properties. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 32:1584-1591, 2016.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bugli
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Palmieri
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Torelli
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Papi
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Spirito
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cacaci
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Galgano
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Masucci
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Paroni Sterbini
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vella
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Graffeo
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Posteraro
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Microbiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanguinetti
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011133:Polysaccharide-Lyases / Q000378:metabolism*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D011133:Polysaccharide-Lyases; C016158:poly(beta-D-mannuronate) lyase; D017291:Clarithromycin
keywords: alginate lyase; atomic force microscopy; biofilm; clarithromycin; helicobacter pylori