title: Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection among HIV-Infected Men in Korea.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about the epidemiology on human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among HIV-infected men in Korea. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, genotype distribution and risk factors associated with anal HPV infection among HIV-infected men in Korea.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single-center cross-sectional study was conducted with HIV-infected men in Korea. Participants completed a detailed sexual behavior risk factor questionnaire. Anal samples were collected for cytology and HPV genotyping. Factors associated with anal HPV infection were assessed using multivariable logistic regression, stratifying by sexual behaviour.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 201 HIV-infected men were included in the study: 133 were from men who have sex with men (MSM) and 68 from men who have sex with women (MSW). Any anal HPV infection was detected in 82.7% of HIV-infected MSM and in 51.5% of HIV- infected MSW (P < 0.001). High-risk HPV (HR-HPV) prevalence was higher among MSM (47.4%) than MSW (25.0%; P = 0.002). The HR-HPV types identified most frequently were HPV 16 (11%), HPV 18 (9.9%), and HPV 58 (5%) in MSM, and HPV 58(11%) and HPV 16 (8.9%) in MSW. Prevalence of any HPV types in 9-valent vaccine types was higher among MSM than MSW (47.4% vs 22.1%. P = 0.001). Abnormal anal cytology was more commonly detected in MSM than MSW (42.9% vs.19.1%, P < 0.001). In HIV-infected MSM, higher number of lifetime male sex partners was significantly associated with any anal HPV infection, but age was a significant risk factor associated with anal HR-HPV infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anal HPV infection was highly prevalent in HIV-infected MSM in Korea, and also commonly found in HIV-infected MSW. In HIV-infected MSM, the significant risk factor for being infected with any HPV infection was lifetime number of male sexual partners, and with anal oncogenic HPV infection was age.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang Hun
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Sun Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Shinwon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Heerim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Kye-Hyung
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Ju
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan Pusan National University Hospital, Geongsangnam-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Su Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan Pusan National University Hospital, Geongsangnam-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Jung
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Ki Hyung
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Eunsoo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Hong Je
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001004:Anus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000821:virology; D044466:Asian People; D060085:Coinfection; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D006678:HIV / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000821:virology; D020010:Heterosexuality; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000208:ethnology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D052161:Human papillomavirus 18 / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000821:virology; D015995:Prevalence; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D012747:Sexual Partners; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral