title: Molecular survey of Ehrlichia canis and Coxiella burnetii infections in wild mammals of southern Italy.
abstract: Ehrlichiosis and Q fever caused by the intracellular bacteria Ehrlichia canis and Coxiella burnetii, respectively, are tick-borne diseases with zoonotic potential and widespread geographical distribution. This study investigated the prevalence of both infections in wild mammals in southern Italy. Tissue samples obtained from the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), European badger (Meles meles), gray wolf (Canis lupus), beech marten (Martes foina), and crested porcupine (Hystrix cristata) were processed for molecular detection of both pathogens. E. canis was detected in 55 out of 105 (52 %) red foxes and three out of six gray wolves. Four sequence types were identified, three of which were found in the spleen and liver samples of red foxes and wolves, and one in the kidney of a red fox. None of the examined mammals was positive to C. burnetii type. This represents the first report of E. canis in free-ranging wolves worldwide, as well as the first evidence of this pathogen in red foxes in the peninsular Italy. Our results suggest that E. canis infection is common in free-ranging canids in southern Italy and that a sylvatic life cycle of this pathogen may occur.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy. marisant@libero.it.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santoro
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Veneziano
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: D'Alessio
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Prisco
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Gabriella
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Lucibelli
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Borriello
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cerrone
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Research Center, 50740465, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.|Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010, Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Filipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dantas-Torres
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010, Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Stefania
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Latrofa
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010, Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Otranto
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Galiero
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild; D016997:Coxiella burnetii; D041061:Ehrlichia canis; D016873:Ehrlichiosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D005589:Foxes / Q000382:microbiology; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008322:Mammals / Q000382:microbiology*; D011778:Q Fever / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017282:Tick-Borne Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary; D019596:Wolves / Q000382:microbiology
keywords: Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis; Gray wolf; Q fever; Red fox; Reservoir; Tick-borne diseases