title: Analysis of dental hard tissues exposed to high temperatures for forensic applications: An in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to observe and record the macroscopic, radiographic, and microscopic findings obtained after subjecting the teeth to high temperatures.
  
  
  METHODS
  An in vitro study was conducted to observe macroscopic, radiographic, and microscopic changes in dental hard tissues in 60 unrestored non carious extracted human teeth. The teeth were grouped based on age: Below 30 years, 30-40 years, and above 40 years The teeth from each age group were further divided into five subgroups, and each subgroup was subjected to a particular temperature: 200°C, 400°C, 600°C, 800°C, and 1000°C. [C = Celsius].
  
  
  RESULTS
  Various degrees of changes in relation to temperature were observed macroscopically, radiographically, and microscopically. The histological examination was limited for teeth exposed to 200°C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This investigation was carried out to study the gross changes, radiographic changes and histological changes in dental hard tissues exposed to high temperatures, which is an important part of forensic science. The aforementioned alterations caused by heat may provide useful information about temperature ranges and duration of exposure to high temperatures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Dentistry, Srinivas Institute of Dental Sciences, Mukkaa, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Kuldeep Singh
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Shekhawat
authors.affiliation: Deptartment of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Arunima
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chauhan
keywords: Color changes in teeth; forensic odontology; high temperatures; teeth incineration