title: The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase Polymorphisms in Ischemic Stroke.
abstract: Stroke remains the fifth leading cause of mortality in the United States with an annual rate of over 128,000 deaths per year. Differences in incidence, pathogenesis, and clinical outcome have long been noted when comparing ischemic stroke among different ethnicities. The observation that racial disparities exist in clinical outcomes after stroke has resulted in genetic studies focusing on specific polymorphisms. Some studies have focused on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). MMPs are a ubiquitous group of proteins with extensive roles that include extracellular matrix remodeling and blood-brain barrier disruption. MMPs play an important role in ischemic stroke pathophysiology and clinical outcome. This review will evaluate the evidence for associations between polymorphisms in MMP-1, 2, 3, 9, and 12 with ischemic stroke incidence, pathophysiology, and clinical outcome. The role of polymorphisms in MMP genes may influence the presentation of ischemic stroke and be influenced by racial and ethnic background. However, contradictory evidence for the role of MMP polymorphisms does exist in the literature, and further studies will be necessary to consolidate our understanding of these multi-faceted proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38104, USA. jjwchang@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Jason J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing and Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38104, USA. astanfi4@uthsc.edu.
authors.forename: Ansley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stanfill
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38104, USA. tpourmot@uthsc.edu.
authors.forename: Tayebeh
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pourmotabbed
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D020521:Stroke / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases
keywords: epidemiology; incidence; ischemic stroke; matrix metalloproteinase; polymorphism