title: (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)-nanoethosomes as a transdermal delivery system for docetaxel to treat implanted human melanoma cell tumors in mice.
abstract: (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG), a versatile natural product in fresh tea leaves and green tea, has been investigated as a preventative treatment for cancers and cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to develop EGCG-nanoethosomes for transdermal delivery and to evaluate them for treating subcutaneously implanted human melanoma cell tumors. EGCG-nanoethosomes, composed of 0.2% EGCG, 2% soybean phosphatidylcholine, 30% ethanol, 1% Tween-80 and 0.1% sugar esters, were prepared and characterized using laser transmission electron microscopy. These nanoethosomes were smoother and more compact than basic-nanoethosomes with the same components except for EGCG. The effectiveness of transdermal delivery by EGCG-nanoethosomes was demonstrated in an in vitro permeability assay system using mouse skin. The inhibitory effect of docetaxel (DT) loaded in EGCG-nanoethosomes (DT-EGCG-nanoethosomes) was analyzed by monitoring growth of a subcutaneously implanted tumor from A-375 human melanoma cells in mice. Mice treated with DT-EGCG-nanoethosomes exhibited a significant therapeutic effect, with tumors shrinking, on average, by 31.5% of initial volumes after 14 d treatment. This indicated a potential for treating skin cancer. In a pharmacokinetic study, transdermal delivery by DT-EGCG-nanoethosomes enabled sufficient DT exposure to the tumor. Together, these findings indicated that EGCG-nanoethosomes have great potential as drug carriers for transdermal delivery.
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, The College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan 311300, China.
authors.forename: Bingwu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, The College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan 311300, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.affiliation: Experimental Animal Center of the Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou 310013, China.
authors.forename: Chenhuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, The College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan 311300, China.
authors.forename: Zhaoyang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, The College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan 311300, China.
authors.forename: Weihua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Guelph Food Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, Ontario N1G 5C9, Canada.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Experimental Animal Center of the Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou 310013, China.
authors.forename: Huazhong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, The College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan 311300, China.
authors.forename: Nagaiya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ravichandran
authors.affiliation: Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310008, China.
authors.forename: Yongquan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310008, China.
authors.forename: Junfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310008, China.
authors.forename: Yongwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, The College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Linan 311300, China. Electronic address: qizhendu@163.com.
authors.forename: Qizhen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Du
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D002392:Catechin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077143:Docetaxel; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004355:Drug Stability; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010539:Permeability; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D043823:Taxoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D057968:Transdermal Patch; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D043823:Taxoids; D000077143:Docetaxel; D002392:Catechin; C045651:epigallocatechin gallate
keywords: (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate; (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (PubChem CID: 65064); Docetaxel; Docetaxel (PubChem CID: 148124); Nanoethosomes; Pharmacokinetics; Skin cancer; Transdermal delivery