title: Correlation Between Hip Arthroscopy Outcomes and Preoperative Anesthetic Hip Joint Injections, MR Arthrogram Imaging Findings, and Patient Demographic Characteristics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to determine whether the preoperative response to intraarticular hip anesthetic injection correlates with the outcome of hip arthroscopy. A secondary aim is to determine whether the outcome of arthroscopy correlates with intraarticular pathologic findings or patient demographic characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-three patients who underwent MR arthrography (MRA), preoperative injections of anesthetic into the hip joint (with pain scores documented), and subsequent hip arthroscopy (with a modified Harris Hip Score [mHHS] determined at 1 year after arthroscopy) were included in the study. MRA images and surgery reports were retrospectively reviewed to identify information about labral tear type and size and cartilage damage grade. The correlation between the response to hip anesthetic injection (defined as poor [0-30% improvement], moderate [31-60% improvement], or good [61-100% improvement]) and the surgical outcome (poor, fair, or good, as determined on the basis of the mHHS or the need for repeat surgery) was evaluated using the Fisher exact test. Univariate analysis (performed using the Fisher exact test) and multivariate analysis (performed using ANOVA) of correlations with age, sex, body mass index (BMI [weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters]), the interval between injection and surgery, labral tear type and size, and cartilage damage grade were also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparison of the response to preoperative hip anesthetic injection with the outcome of arthroscopy at 1 year indicated no statistically significant association (p = 0.59). The BMI of the patient, however, was statistically significantly associated with surgical outcome (p = 0.03), with a BMI of less than 25 denoting a higher likelihood of a good surgical outcome. No statistically significant correlations were noted in analyses of surgical outcomes and patient age (p = 0.31) and sex (p = 0.83); the interval between injection and surgery (p = 0.28); labral tear type, as determined by MRA (p = 0.34) and arthroscopy (p = 0.47); labral tear size, as determined by MRA (p = 0.34); and cartilage grade, as determined by MRA (p = 0.58) and arthroscopy (p = 0.26).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No positive or negative correlation was noted between the response to preoperative hip anesthetic injection and the outcome at 1 year after hip arthroscopy. Only BMI was shown to correlate with the surgical outcome.
authors.affiliation: 1 Department of Radiology, Indiana University Health, 1701 N Senate Blvd, MH1238A, Indianapolis, IN 46202.
authors.forename: Lauren M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ladd
authors.affiliation: 2 Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Keene
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.|4 Present address: Epic Systems, Verona, WI.
authors.forename: Alejandro Munoz
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Del Rio
authors.affiliation: 3 Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.
authors.forename: Humberto G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Rosas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D025981:Hip Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local
keywords: MR arthrography; anesthetic joint injection; arthroscopy; hip; surgical outcome