title: Barcodes of marine invertebrates from north Iberian ports: Native diversity and resistance to biological invasions.
abstract: Ports are gateways for many marine organisms transported by ships worldwide, especially non-indigenous species (NIS). In this study carried out in North Iberian ports (Cantabrian Sea, Bay of Biscay) we have observed 38% of exotic macroinvertebrates. Four species, namely the barnacle Austrominius modestus, the tubeworm Ficopomatus enigmaticus, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and the pygmy mussel Xenostrobus securis, exhibited clear signs of invasiveness. A total of 671 barcode (cytochrome oxidase subunit I or 18S rRNA) genes were obtained and confirmed the species status of some cryptic NIS. Negative and significant correlation between diversity estimators of native biota and proportion of NIS suggests biotic resistance in ports. This could be applied to management of port biota for contributing to prevent the settlement of biopollutants in these areas which are very sensitive to biological invasions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Miralles
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL", Université de Perpignan CBETM, 58 rue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ardura
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology of Organisms and Systems, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arias
authors.affiliation: Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain.
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Borrell
authors.affiliation: Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Clusa
authors.affiliation: Department of Education Sciences, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dopico
authors.affiliation: Oceanographic Institute of Spain, Avda. Príncipe de Asturias, 70 bis, 33212 Gijon, Spain.
authors.forename: A Hernandez
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: de Rojas
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology of Organisms and Systems, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.affiliation: Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Colmenero
authors.affiliation: Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roca
authors.affiliation: Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain.
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Valiente
authors.affiliation: Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, 98 Halifax Street East, 7010 Nelson, New Zealand.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zaiko
authors.affiliation: Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain. Electronic address: egv@uniovi.es.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garcia-Vazquez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D059001:Aquatic Organisms; D044822:Biodiversity; D058448:Biota; D049872:Bivalvia; D049896:Crassostrea; D058893:DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic; D058865:Introduced Species; D007448:Invertebrates / Q000235:genetics; D012767:Ships; D013030:Spain
keywords: Biotic resistance; DNA barcoding; Marine biological invasions; Non-indigenous species; Ports