title: Effects of hair sprays on colour perception: a hyperspectral imaging approach to shine and chroma on heads.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hair sprays apply fixative ingredients to provide hold to a hair style as well as weather resistance and optical properties such as shine. Generally, sprays distribute fine particles containing polymeric ingredients to form a thin film on the surface of hair. Different hair types require different strengths of the formed deposit on the hair surface. The present study shows how sprays also alter the visibility of the hair colour by altering the surface topology of the hair fibres.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hyperspectral imaging is used to map spectral characteristics of hair on mannequins and panelists over the curvature of heads. Spectral and spatial characteristics are measured before and after hair spray applications. The hair surface is imaged by SEM to visualize the degree of cuticle coverage. Finally, the perception of hair colour was evaluated on red-coloured mannequins by consumer questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hair sprays deposit different degrees of fixatives, which lead to a progressive leveling of the cuticle natural tilt angle with respect to the fibre axis. As a result, shine is progressively shifting towards the region of hair colour visibility and decreases the perceived colour of hair seen by consumers. Lighter sprays show thinner film formation on the hair surface and less of a shine shift than strong hold hair sprays.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hair sprays are generally employed for hair style hold and weather resistance and considered without effect on hair colour. Our approach shows that spray-deposited films can affect colour perception by altering the microstructure of the hair surface. Thin films deposited on the hair fibre surface can partially fill gaps between cuticles, which reduces the cuticle natural angle. This partial erasure results in a angle shift of the shine regions towards the angle of internal reflection, thus decreasing the perceived hair colour regions as experienced by a group of consumers.
authors.affiliation: Ashland Specialty Ingredients, R&D, 1046 Route 202/206, Bridgewater, NJ, 08807, USA.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Puccetti
authors.affiliation: Ashland Specialty Ingredients, R&D, 1046 Route 202/206, Bridgewater, NJ, 08807, USA.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D003118:Color Perception; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D006200:Hair Color; D006203:Hair Preparations; D006801:Humans; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D006203:Hair Preparations
keywords: color; hair; human head; hyperspectral imaging; shine