title: Endovascular ischemic stroke models of adult rhesus monkeys: a comparison of two endovascular methods.
abstract: To further investigate and improve upon current stroke models in nonhuman primates, infarct size, neurologic function and survival were evaluated in two endovascular ischemic models in sixteen rhesus monkeys. The first method utilized a micro-catheter or an inflatable balloon to occlude the M1 segment in six monkeys. In the second model, an autologous clot was injected via a micro-catheter into the M1 segment in ten monkeys. MRI scanning was performed on all monkeys both at baseline and 3 hours after the onset of ischemia. Spetzler neurologic functions were assessed post-operatively, and selective perfusion deficits were confirmed by DSA and MRI in all monkeys. Animals undergoing micro-catheter or balloon occlusion demonstrated more profound hemiparesis, larger infarct sizes, lower Spetzler neurologic scores and increased mortality compared to the thrombus occlusion group. In animals injected with the clot, there was no evidence of dissolution, and the thrombus was either near the injection site (M1) or flushed into the superior division of the MCA (M2). All animals survived the M2 occlusion. M1 occlusion with thrombus generated 50% mortality. This study highlighted clinically important differences in these two models, providing a platform for further study of a translational thromboembolic model of acute ischemic stroke.
authors.affiliation: China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.|Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.|Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.|Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Bincheng
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
authors.forename: Mo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
authors.forename: Jingfei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Yanhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
authors.forename: Zixin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoduo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shengli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dornbos Iii
authors.affiliation: China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.|Department of Neurological Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Yuchuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.|Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.|Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xunming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ji
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020520:Brain Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology