title: Vitamin D Intake and Risk of Skin Cancer in US Women and Men.
abstract: Previous studies suggested a protective effect of vitamin D against skin cancer development. However, epidemiologic studies on orally taken vitamin D and risk of skin cancer (basal cell carcinoma [BCC], squamous cell carcinoma [SCC], and melanoma) are few. We prospectively evaluated whether total, dietary and supplemental vitamin D intake were associated with skin cancer risk based on 63,760 women in the Nurses' Health Study (1984-2010) and 41,530 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2010). Dietary information on vitamin D intake was assessed every 2 to 4 years during the follow-up and cumulative averaged intake was used. We used Cox proportional hazard models to compute the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Pooled HR of cohort-specific results were calculated using a random-effects model. During the follow-up, we documented 20,840 BCC, 2,329 SCC and 1,320 melanoma cases. Vitamin D consumption was not associated with the risk of SCC or melanoma but was modestly positively associated with BCC; the pooled HRs of BCC for extreme quintiles of vitamin D intake were 1.10 (95%CI = 1.05-1.15; Ptrend = 0.05) for total vitamin D and 1.13 (95% CI = 1.07 to 1.20; Ptrend <0.01) for dietary vitamin D. Stratified analysis according to sun exposure related factors showed similar results. In conclusion, vitamin D intake was positively associated with risk of BCC, while null associations were found with SCC and melanoma. Our data do not support a beneficial role of orally taken vitamin D on skin cancer carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America.|Department of Family Medicine & Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America.
authors.forename: Tricia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America.
authors.forename: Shaowei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America.|Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, United States of America.
authors.forename: Wen-Qing
authors.initials: WQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America.|Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America.|Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, United States of America.
authors.forename: Abrar A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.affiliation: Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America.|Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America.|Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, United States of America.
authors.forename: Eunyoung
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D