title: Effect of extraction temperature on composition, structure and functional properties of flaxseed gum.
abstract: Flaxseed gum (FG) was extracted at four different temperatures (30, 50, 70 and 90°C). Chemical composition and structural features of FG extracted at different temperatures were investigated to determine the effect of temperature. Content of acidic monosaccharides and denatured protein increased with increasing FG extraction temperature. The ratio of neutral to acidic monosaccharides decreased from 6.7 to 5.7 as the extraction temperature was increased from 30 to 90°C. Physiochemical and functional properties, including zeta-potential, surface morphology, emulsifying activity index (EAI) and emulsion stability index (ESI), water absorption capacity (WAC) and fat absorption capacity (FAC) of FG samples, were also investigated as a function of extraction temperature. EAI and WAC of FG samples reduced significantly with rise in extraction temperature. Our study suggests that FG extracted at different temperatures may be specifically targeted for different applications, such as for emulsification or gel formation in food systems.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science and Technology, Federation University, Mount Helen, VIC 3353, Australia.
authors.forename: Pratibha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kaushik
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science and Technology, Federation University, Mount Helen, VIC 3353, Australia. Electronic address: k.dowling@federation.edu.au.
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dowling
authors.affiliation: Materials Science and Engineering, CSIRO Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3169, Australia.
authors.forename: Raju
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Adhikari
authors.affiliation: Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3217, Australia.
authors.forename: Colin J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Barrow
authors.affiliation: School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
authors.forename: Benu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Adhikari
mesh_terms: D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry; D019597:Flax / Q000737:chemistry*; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009005:Monosaccharides / Q000032:analysis; D053149:Plant Gums / Q000737:chemistry*; D011489:Protein Denaturation; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D009005:Monosaccharides; D053149:Plant Gums; D014867:Water
keywords: Acidic monosaccharides; Emulsion activity index; Neutral monosaccharides; Xylose; Zeta potential