title: Investigation of concentration of thiocyanate ion in raw cow's milk from China, New Zealand and the Netherlands.
abstract: Thiocyanate ion is a natural component of cow's milk (hereinafter as milk) which may be artificially augmented to activate the lactoperoxidase milk preservation system. This study presents a survey of thiocyanate levels in raw milk and proposes a naturally occurring baseline concentration of thiocyanate in milk, which is the basis for market supervision. 1669 raw milk samples from China, 270 samples from New Zealand and 120 from the Netherlands were collected in the survey. 65% of the samples contained thiocyanate above the detection limit. The average concentration of thiocyanate was 2.11mg/kg (0.10-16.20mg/kg). Differences in the concentrations of thiocyanate were found among three countries, the 12 selected provinces in China, and between summer and winter. The baseline concentration of thiocyanate found in raw cow's milk was statistically calculated and rounded to 9.0mg/kg. Thiocyanate in milk at this level does not present a food safety concern.
authors.affiliation: China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, No. 37, Guangqu Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100022 PR China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.affiliation: China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, No. 37, Guangqu Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100022 PR China.
authors.forename: Yibaina
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, No. 37, Guangqu Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100022 PR China.
authors.forename: Dajin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, No. 37, Guangqu Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100022 PR China. Electronic address: liuzhaoping@cfsa.net.cn.
authors.forename: Zhaoping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Fonterra Co-Operative Group Limited, Fonterra Research and Development Centre, Dairy Farm Rd, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Grant
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Abernethy
authors.affiliation: China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, No. 37, Guangqu Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100022 PR China. Electronic address: lijianwen@cfsa.net.cn.
authors.forename: Jianwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002681:China; D059022:Food Safety / Q000379:methods*; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D009426:Netherlands; D009520:New Zealand; D013861:Thiocyanates / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D013861:Thiocyanates; C031760:thiocyanate
keywords: Baseline; Bootstrap; Lactoperoxidase system; Raw cow’s milk; Thiocyanate; Thiocyanate ion (PubChem CID: 9322)