title: A Simple and Effective Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for the Selective Detection of Cysteine and Homocysteine in Aqueous Media.
abstract: Biothiols such as cysteine (Cys) and homocysteine (Hcy) are essential biomolecules participating in molecular and physiological processes in an organism. However, their selective detection remains challenging. In this study, ethyl 2-(3-formyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylate (NL) was synthesized as a ratiometric fluorescent probe for the rapid and selective detection of Cys and Hcy over glutathione (GSH) and other amino acids. The fluorescence intensity of the probe in the presence of Cys/Hcy increased about 3-fold at a concentration of 20 equiv. of the probe, compared with that in the absence of these chemicals in aqueous media. The limits of detection of the fluorescent assay were 0.911 μM and 0.828 μM of Cys and Hcy, respectively. ¹H-NMR and MS analyses indicated that an excited-state intramolecular proton transfer is the mechanism of fluorescence sensing. This ratiometric probe is structurally simple and highly selective. The results suggest that it has useful applications in analytical chemistry and diagnostics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Science of Pesticides, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China. risongna@163.com.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Wenhua Road No. 95, Zhengzhou 450002, China. risongna@163.com.
authors.forename: Risong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Na
authors.affiliation: Department of Science of Pesticides, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China. zhumeiqing@ahau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Meiqing
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China. fanshisuo@ahau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Shisuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China. zwang@ahau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Science of Pesticides, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China. wxw@ahau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Xiangwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Science of Pesticides, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China. tangjun@ahau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Department of Science of Pesticides, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China. ljia198346@163.com.|Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Wenhua Road No. 95, Zhengzhou 450002, China. ljia198346@163.com.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Science of Pesticides, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China. wangyi@ahau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Science of Pesticides, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China. rimaohua@ahau.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Rimao
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hua
mesh_terms: D003545:Cysteine / Q000032:analysis*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000737:chemistry; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D015336:Molecular Probe Techniques; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D013844:Thiazoles; D006710:Homocysteine; D005978:Glutathione; D003545:Cysteine
keywords: cysteine and homocysteine; detection; fluorescent probe