title: In vivo diffusion-tensor MRI of the human heart on a 3 tesla clinical scanner: An optimized second order (M2) motion compensated diffusion-preparation approach.
abstract: To optimize a diffusion-prepared balanced steady-state free precession cardiac MRI (CMR) technique to perform diffusion-tensor CMR (DT-CMR) in humans on a 3 Tesla clinical scanner METHODS: A previously developed second order motion compensated (M2) diffusion-preparation scheme was significantly shortened (40%) yielding sufficient signal-to-noise ratio for DT-CMR imaging. In 20 healthy volunteers and 3 heart failure (HF) patients, DT-CMR was performed comparing no motion compensation (M0), first order motion compensation (M1), and the optimized M2. Mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy (FA), helix angle (HA), and HA transmural slope (HATS) were calculated. Reproducibility and success rate (SR) were investigated.
  
  
  
  M2-derived left ventricular (LV) MD, FA, and HATS (1.4 ± 0.2 μm2/ms, 0.28 ± 0.06, -1.0 ± 0.2 °/%trans) were significantly (P < 0.001) less than M1 (1.8 ± 0.3 μm2/ms, 0.46 ± 0.14, -0.1 ± 0.3 °/%trans) and M0 (4.8 ± 1.0 μm2/ms, 0.70 ± 0.14, 0.1 ± 0.3 °/%trans) indicating less motion corruption and yielding values more consistent with previous literature. M2-derived DT-CMR parameters had higher reproducible (ICC > 0.85) and SR (82%) than M1 (ICC = 0.20-0.85; SR = 37%) and M0 (ICC = 0.20-0.30; SR = 11%). M2 DT-CMR was able to yield HA maps with smooth transmural transition from endocardium to epicardium.
  
  
  
  The proposed M2 DT-CMR reproducibly yielded bulk motion robust estimations of mean LV MD, FA, HA, and HATS on a 3T clinical scanner. Magn Reson Med 76:1354-1363, 2016. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Zhaoyang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Yibin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Jianing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.affiliation: Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Speier
authors.affiliation: Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaoming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.affiliation: Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kobashigawa
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA. debiao.li@cshs.org.|Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA. debiao.li@cshs.org.
authors.forename: Debiao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D055424:Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009038:Motion; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
keywords: DT-CMR; DT-MRI; DTI; M2; bSSFP; cardiovascular MRI; diffusion preparation; diffusion tensor; second order motion compensation