title: Receptive and expressive language performance in children with and without Cleft Lip and Palate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the performance in the abilities of receptive and expressive language of children with cleft lip and palate with that of children without cleft lip and palate with typical 12 to 36-month chronological development.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample consisted of 60 children aged 12 and 36 months: 30 with cleft lip and palate diagnosis and 30 without cleft lip and palate diagnosis with typical development. The groups were paired according to gender, age (in months), and socioeconomic level. The procedures consisted of analysis of medical records, anamnesis with family members, and valuation of the Early Language Milestone Scale (ELMS). The chart analysis showed 63.34% of the children with unilateral cleft lip and palate, 16.66% with bilateral incisive transforamen cleft, and 20% with post-foramen cleft. Children with cleft lip and palate underwent surgeries (lip repair and/or palatoplasty) at the recommended ages and participated in early intervention programs; 40% presented recurrent otitis history, and 50% attended schools. Statistical analysis included the use of the Mann Whitney test with significance level of p <0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a statistically significant difference between the groups regarding receptive and expressive skills.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The group of children with cleft lip and palate showed statistically significant low performance in receptive and expressive language compared with children without cleft lip and palate.
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo - USP - Bauru (SP), Brasil.
authors.forename: Dionísia Aparecida Cusin
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Lamônica
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo - USP - Bauru (SP), Brasil.
authors.forename: Mariana Jales Felix da
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Silva-Mori
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo - USP - Bauru (SP), Brasil.
authors.forename: Camila da Costa
authors.initials: Cda C
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo - USP - Bauru (SP), Brasil.
authors.forename: Luciana Paula
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Maximino
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007804:Language Development; D008297:Male; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*