title: Investigation of pulmonary involvement in inflammatory bowel disease in an experimental model of colitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may also involve various extra-intestinal organs. Clinical studies have found asymptomatic/symptomatic pulmonary involvement in 1% to 6% of patients with IBD. The present study histopathologically investigated pulmonary involvement in an experimental model of colitis in order to demonstrate pulmonary tissue involvement in IBD and to expose potential etiological factors. It also explored the relation between inflammation and tissue concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study comprised 24 male Wistar albino rats. The rats were divided into four groups of six rats each. Acute colitis was induced in two separate groups using either the dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) or trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) method, while the other two groups were used as controls for each model of colitis. Wallace scoring was used for macroscopic assessment of colitis, and the lungs were histopathologically examined. Concentrations of VEGF and TNF-α in pulmonary tissue were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of animals that had alveolar hemorrhage was significantly higher in the TNBS-induced colitis and DSS-induced colitis groups compared to their own control groups (p = 0.015 and p = 0.015, respectively). VEGF and TNF-α concentrations in pulmonary tissues were significantly increased in both the TNBS colitis and DSS colitis groups compared to their own control groups (p = 0.002 and p = 0.004, respectively; and p = 0.002 and p = 0.002, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrated that significant and serious histopathological changes directly associated with colitis occur in the lungs in IBD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey.
authors.forename: Bunyamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Aydin
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Memorial Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yıldıran
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Songur
authors.affiliation: Department of Chest Disease, Memorial Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Necla
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Songur
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey.
authors.forename: Oğuzhan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Aksu
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Memorial Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Altug
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Senol
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey.
authors.forename: I Metin
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Ciris
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey.
authors.forename: Recep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sutcu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D016264:Dextran Sulfate / Q000633:toxicity; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid / Q000633:toxicity; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467498:vascular endothelial growth factor A, rat; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid; D016264:Dextran Sulfate
keywords: Experimental colitis; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Pulmonary involvement