title: Developing brain networks of attention.
abstract: Attention is a primary cognitive function critical for perception, language, and memory. We provide an update on brain networks related to attention, their development, training, and pathologies.
  
  
  
  An executive attention network, also called the cingulo-opercular network, allows voluntary control of behavior in accordance with goals. Individual differences among children in self-regulation have been measured by a higher order factor called effortful control, which is related to the executive network and to the size of the anterior cingulate cortex.
  
  
  
  Brain networks of attention arise in infancy and are related to individual differences, including pathology during childhood. Methods of training attention may improve performance and ameliorate pathology.
authors.affiliation: University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.
authors.forename: Michael I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Posner
authors.forename: Mary K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Rothbart
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Voelker
mesh_terms: D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity