title: Prevalence and factors associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: a multicenter observational study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Data on the prevalence of and factors associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in patients with non-cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis are limited. Our aim was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with isolation of NTM in this population.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a multicenter observational study of historical cohorts comprising consecutive patients with non-CF bronchiectasis and at least 2 sputum samples cultured for mycobacteria over a period of 5 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study population included 218 adult patients (61.9 % women) with a mean (SD) age of 55.7 (16) years and a mean (SD) of 5.1 (3.3) cultures/patient. NTM was isolated from sputum in 18 patients (8.3 %). Of these, 5 patients (28 %) met the American Thoracic Society criteria for NTM disease. Mycobacterium avium complex was the most frequently isolated microorganism (9 patients, 4.1 %). The variables independently associated with isolation of NTM were FVC ≥ 75 % predicted (OR, 4.84; 95 % CI 1.47 to 15.9; p < 0.05), age ≥ 50 years (OR, 4.74; 95 % CI 1.25 to 17.97; p < 0.05), and body mass index (BMI) ≤ 23 kg/m(2) (OR, 2.97; 95 % CI 1.03-8.58; p < 0.05). Patients with these three characteristics had a 40 % probability of having at least one isolation of NMT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A significant number of patients with non-CF bronchiectasis are positive for the isolation of NTM. M. avium complex is the most frequently isolated mycobacteria. FVC ≥ 75 % predicted, age ≥ 50 years, and a BMI ≤ 23 kg/m(2) were independently associated with the presence of NTM in patients with non-CF bronchiectasis.
authors.affiliation: Pneumology Service, Chronic Bronchial Infection, Cystic Fibrosis and Bronchiectasis Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Carretera de Colmenar Km 9,100, 28034, Madrid, Spain. luis.maiz@salud.madrid.org.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Máiz
authors.affiliation: Pneumology Service, Hospital La Princesa, Institute for Health Research (IP), Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Girón
authors.affiliation: Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, Instituto de Biomedicina de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga University, Málaga, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Olveira
authors.affiliation: Bronchiectasis Group (Girona Biomedical Research Institute) IDIBGI, Dr Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes CB06/06/0030), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vendrell
authors.affiliation: Pneumology Service, Chronic Bronchial Infection, Cystic Fibrosis and Bronchiectasis Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Carretera de Colmenar Km 9,100, 28034, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nieto
authors.affiliation: Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, CIBERes, CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Martínez-García
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001987:Bronchiectasis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D015269:Mycobacterium avium Complex / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: Disease prevalence; Epidemiology; Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis; Nontuberculous mycobacteria