title: Visible-Light Photocatalytic Aerobic Annulation for the Green Synthesis of Pyrazoles.
abstract: A selective and high yielding synthesis of polysubstituted pyrazoles through a VLPC (visible light photoredox catalysis)-promoted reaction of hydrazine with Michael acceptors is reported. The method employs very mild reaction conditions and uses air as the terminal oxidant, which makes the process environmentally benign. Different types of Michael acceptors with various substituents can undergo the reaction to afford corresponding pyrazoles in good to excellent yields. The reaction is proposed to go through VLPC-promoted oxidation of hydrazine to diazene followed by its addition to Michael acceptors, other than the conventional condensation of hydrazine with a carbonyl.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Ya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Te
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Qiu-Yun
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China.|State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Chunyin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu