title: Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infects Monocyte-Derived Bovine Dendritic Cells by an E2-Glycoprotein-Mediated Mechanism and Transiently Impairs Antigen Presentation.
abstract: Infection of professional antigen presenting cells by viruses can have a marked effect on these cells and important consequences for the generation of subsequent immune responses. In this study, we demonstrate that different strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infect bovine dendritic cells differentiated from nonadherent peripheral monocytes (moDCs). BVDV did not cause apoptosis in these cells. Infection of moDC was prevented by incubating the virus with anti-E2 antibodies or by pretreating the cells with recombinant E2 protein before BVDV contact, suggesting that BVDV infects moDC through an E2-mediated mechanism. Virus entry was not reduced by incubating moDC with Mannan or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) before infection, suggesting that Ca(2+) and mannose receptor-dependent pathways are not mediating BVDV entry to moDC. Infected moDC did not completely upregulate maturation surface markers. Infection, but not treatment with inactivated virus, prevented moDC to present a third-party antigen to primed CD4(+) T cells within the first 24 hours postinfection (hpi). Antigen-presenting capacity was recovered when viral replication diminished at 48 hpi, suggesting that active infection may interfere with moDC maturation. Altogether, our results suggest an important role of infected DCs in BVDV-induced immunopathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: 1 INTA, Instituto de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas , Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina .|2 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas , CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina .
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.affiliation: 1 INTA, Instituto de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas , Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina .|2 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas , CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina .
authors.forename: Olga Lucía
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Franco-Mahecha
authors.affiliation: 1 INTA, Instituto de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas , Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina .
authors.forename: Wenzel
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Czepluch
authors.affiliation: 1 INTA, Instituto de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas , Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina .|2 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas , CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina .
authors.forename: María Eugenia
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Quintana
authors.affiliation: 1 INTA, Instituto de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas , Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina .
authors.forename: Darío Amílcar
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Malacari
authors.affiliation: 1 INTA, Instituto de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas , Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina .
authors.forename: Myrian Vanesa
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Trotta
authors.affiliation: 1 INTA, Instituto de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas , Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina .|2 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas , CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina .
authors.forename: Florencia Celeste
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Mansilla
authors.affiliation: 1 INTA, Instituto de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas , Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina .|2 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas , CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina .
authors.forename: Alejandra Victoria
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Capozzo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D030241:Diarrhea Virus 1, Bovine Viral / Q000502:physiology*; D006023:Glycoproteins; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D053586:Virus Internalization
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C076551:gp53, bovine viral diarrhea virus