title: The Role of the Microbiome in Gastrointestinal Cancer.
abstract: Humans are host to complex microbial communities previously termed normal flora and largely overlooked. However, resident microbes contribute to both health and disease. Investigators are beginning to define microbes that contribute to the development of gastrointestinal malignancies and the mechanisms by which this occurs. Resident microbes can induce inflammation, leading to cell proliferation and altered stem cell dynamics, which can lead to alterations in DNA integrity and immune regulation and promote carcinogenesis. Studies in human patients and rodent models of cancer have identified alterations in the microbiota of the stomach, esophagus, and colon that increase the risk for malignancy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2215 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
authors.forename: Lydia E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Wroblewski
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2215 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Peek
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2215 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, 1310 24th Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37212, USA. Electronic address: lori.coburn@vanderbilt.edu.
authors.forename: Lori A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Coburn
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D000818:Animals; D063646:Carcinogenesis / Q000276:immunology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003111:Colonic Polyps / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D004032:Diet; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D000069196:Gastrointestinal Microbiome; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D064307:Microbiota; D013234:Stem Cells; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology
keywords: Colon cancer; Gastric adenocarcinoma; Helicobacter pylori; Inflammation; Microbiota; Pyrosequencing