title: Effects of dynamic controlled atmosphere by respiratory quotient on some quality parameters and volatile profile of 'Royal Gala' apple after long-term storage.
abstract: The effects of dynamic controlled atmosphere (DCA) storage based on chlorophyll fluorescence (DCA-CF) and respiratory quotient (DCA-RQ) on the quality and volatile profile of 'Royal Gala' apple were evaluated. DCA storage reduces ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate) oxidase activity, ethylene production and respiration rate of apples stored for 9months at 1.0°C plus 7days at 20°C, resulting in higher flesh firmness, titratable acidity and lesser physiological disorders, and provided a higher proportion of healthy fruit. Storage in a regular controlled atmosphere gave higher levels of key volatiles (butyl acetate, 2-methylbutyl acetate and hexyl acetate), as compared to fruit stored under DCA-CF, but fruit stored under DCA-RQ 1.5 and RQ 2.0 also showed higher amounts of key volatile compounds, with increment in ethanol and ethyl acetate, but far below the odour threshold. Storage in DCA-CF reduces fruit ester production, especially 2-methylbutyl acetate, which is the most important component of 'Royal Gala' apple flavour.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Science, Postharvest Research Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Roraima Avenue 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil. Electronic address: vanderleiboth@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Vanderlei
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Both
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Science, Postharvest Research Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Roraima Avenue 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabio Rodrigo
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Thewes
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Science, Postharvest Research Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Roraima Avenue 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Auri
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brackmann
authors.affiliation: Federal Institute of Santa Catarina (IFSC), Campus Urupema, Senadinho Road, Center, Urupema, Santa Catarina 88625-000 SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rogerio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Oliveira Anese
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Roraima Avenue 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: de Freitas Ferreira
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Roraima Avenue 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wagner
mesh_terms: D001272:Atmosphere; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D061353:Food Storage / Q000379:methods*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D027845:Malus / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005030:Ethylenes; C036216:ethylene
keywords: Aroma; Chlorophyll fluorescence; Ethylene production; Flesh firmness; Malus domestica; Physiological disorders