title: In vitro and in vivo study of microporous ceramics using MC3T3 cells, CAM assay and a pig animal model.
abstract: Bone tissue engineering combines biomaterials with biologically active factors and cells to hold promise for reconstructing craniofacial defects. In this study the biological activity of biphasic hydroxyapatite ceramics (HA; a bone substitute that is a mixture of hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate in fixed ratios) was characterized (1) in vitro by assessing the growth of MC3T3 mouse osteoblast lineage cells, (2) in ovo by using the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay and (3) in an in vivo pig animal model. Biocompatibility, bioactivity, bone formation and biomaterial degradation were detected microscopically and by radiology and histology. HA ceramics alone demonstrated great biocompatibility on the CAM as well as bioactivity by increased proliferation and alkaline phosphatase secretion of mouse osteoblasts. The in vivo implantation of HA ceramics with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MMSCs) showed de novo intramembranous bone healing of critical-size bone defects in the right lateral side of pig mandibular bodies after 3 and 9 weeks post-implantation. Compared with the HA ceramics without MMSCs, the progress of bone formation was slower with less-developed features. This article highlights the clinical use of microporous biphasic HA ceramics despite the unusually shaped elongated micropores with a high length/width aspect ratio (up to 20) and absence of preferable macropores (>100 µm) in bone regenerative medicine.
authors.affiliation: Railway Hospital in Kosice, Masarykova 1632/9, 04001, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomco
authors.affiliation: Institute of Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 04181, Kosice, Slovakia. eva.petrovova@uvlf.sk.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Petrovova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 04001, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giretova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Histology and Embryology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 04181, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Viera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Almasiova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Histology and Embryology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 04181, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Holovska
authors.affiliation: Institute of Histology and Embryology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 04181, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Viera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cigankova
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, L. Pasteur University Hospital in Kosice, Rastislavova 43, 04011, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Andrej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jenca
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, L. Pasteur University Hospital in Kosice, Rastislavova 43, 04011, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Janka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jencova
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, L. Pasteur University Hospital in Kosice, Rastislavova 43, 04011, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Andrej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jenca
authors.affiliation: Clinical Department of Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 04181, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boldizar
authors.affiliation: Clinical Department of Swine, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, 04181, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Kosa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Balazs
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 04001, Kosice, Slovakia.
authors.forename: Lubomir
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Medvecky
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002516:Ceramics; D002642:Chick Embryo; D049033:Chorioallantoic Membrane; D017886:Durapatite; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D051379:Mice; D023421:Models, Animal; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D016062:Porosity; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D044968:Regenerative Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D013552:Swine; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D017886:Durapatite; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase
keywords: Biocompatibility; Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; Hydroxyapatite ceramics; Osteogenesis; Tissue engineering