title: Production of N-Acetyl-d-glucosamine from Mycelial Waste by a Combination of Bacterial Chitinases and an Insect N-Acetyl-d-glucosaminidase.
abstract: N-Acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) has great potential to be used as a food additive and medicine. The enzymatic degradation of chitin-containing biomass for producing GlcNAc is an eco-friendly approach but suffers from a high cost. The economical efficiency can be improved by both optimizing the member and ratio of the chitinolytic enzymes and using new inexpensive substrates. To address this, a novel combination of bacterial and insect chitinolytic enzymes was developed in this study to efficiently produce GlcNAc from the mycelia of Asperillus niger, a fermentation waste. This enzyme combination contained three bacterial chitinases (chitinase A from Serratia marcescens (SmChiA), SmChiB, SmChiC) and one insect N-acetyl-d-glucosaminidase from Ostrinia furnacalis (OfHex1) in a ratio of 39.1% of SmChiA, 26.7% of SmChiB, 32.9% of SmChiC, and 1.3% of OfHex1. A yield of 6.3 mM (1.4 mg/mL) GlcNAc with a purity of 95% can be obtained from 10 mg/mL mycelial powder in 24 h. The enzyme combination reported here exhibited 5.8-fold higher hydrolytic activity over the commercial chitinase preparation derived from Streptomyces griseus.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemical Engineering and School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024, China.
authors.forename: Weixing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemical Engineering and School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024, China.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemical Engineering and School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024, China.
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemical Engineering and School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024, China.|Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000737:chemistry; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D002688:Chitinases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006596:Hexosaminidases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D009036:Moths / Q000201:enzymology; D025282:Mycelium / Q000737:chemistry; D012706:Serratia marcescens / Q000201:enzymology; D014866:Waste Products / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D014866:Waste Products; D006596:Hexosaminidases; D002688:Chitinases; D000117:Acetylglucosamine
keywords: N-acetyl-d-glucosamine; N-acetyl-d-glucosaminidase; chitin; chitinase; mycelial waste