title: Dose response of multiple parameters for calyculin A-induced premature chromosome condensation in human peripheral blood lymphocytes exposed to high doses of cobalt-60 gamma-rays.
abstract: Many studies have investigated exposure biomarkers for high dose radiation. However, no systematic study on which biomarkers can be used in dose estimation through premature chromosome condensation (PCC) analysis has been conducted. The present study aims to screen the high-dose radiation exposure indicator in calyculin A-induced PCC. The dose response of multiple biological endpoints, including G2/A-PCC (G2/M and M/A-PCC) index, PCC ring (PCC-R), ratio of the longest/shortest length (L/L ratio), and length and width ratio of the longest chromosome (L/B ratio), were investigated in calyculin A-induced G2/A-PCC spreads in human peripheral blood lymphocytes exposed to 0-20Gy (dose-rate of 1Gy/min) cobalt-60 gamma-rays. The G2/A-PCC index was decreased with enhanced absorbed doses of 4-20Gy gamma-rays. The G2/A PCC-R at 0-12Gy gamma-rays conformed to Poisson distribution. Three types of PCC-R were scored according to their shape and their solidity or hollowness. The frequencies of hollow PCC-R and PCC-R including or excluding solid ring in G2/A-PCC spreads were enhanced with increased doses. The length and width of the longest chromosome, as well as the length of the shortest chromosome in each G2/M-PCC or M/A-PCC spread, were measured. All L/L or L/B ratios in G2/M-PCC or M/A-PCC spread increased with enhanced doses. A blind test with two new irradiated doses was conducted to validate which biomarker could be used in dose estimation. Results showed that hollow PCC-R and PCC-R including solid ring can be utilized for accurate dose estimation, and that hollow PCC-R was optimal for practical application.
authors.affiliation: China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, PR China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, PR China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, PR China.
authors.forename: Jiang-Bin
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Tao
authors.initials: XT
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, PR China.
authors.forename: De-Qing
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, PR China. Electronic address: qjliu@nirp.cn.
authors.forename: Qing-Jie
authors.initials: QJ
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D003037:Cobalt Radioisotopes; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005720:Gamma Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008297:Male; D008387:Marine Toxins; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D003037:Cobalt Radioisotopes; D008387:Marine Toxins; D010080:Oxazoles; C059041:calyculin A
keywords: Dose response; Ionizing radiation; Multiple parameters; Premature chromosome condensation