title: Type 1 diabetes mellitus presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in a neonate.
abstract: Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare manifestation with an incidence of one affected individual among 400000 live births. NDM can be divided into Transient (TNDM) and Permanent (PNDM) types. A significant overlap occurs between both groups, to an extent that TNDM cannot be distinguished from PNDM based solely on clinical features. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (TIDM). DKA at diagnosis is more common in young children near the age of five years. Neonatal DKA is a rare occurrence causing it to be missed in the differential diagnosis of neonatal illness and results delay in appropriate management and increase in morbidity and mortality rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.
authors.forename: Fareed
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.
authors.forename: Ghazala
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kazi
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.
authors.forename: Waqas
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D016883:Diabetic Ketoacidosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin
keywords: Neonate diabetes mellitus, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Pakistan.