title: Rapid Quantification of Melamine in Different Brands/Types of Milk Powders Using Standard Addition Net Analyte Signal and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.
abstract: Multivariate calibration (MVC) and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy have demonstrated potential for rapid analysis of melamine in various dairy products. However, the practical application of ordinary MVC can be largely restricted because the prediction of a new sample from an uncalibrated batch would be subject to a significant bias due to matrix effect. In this study, the feasibility of using NIR spectroscopy and the standard addition (SA) net analyte signal (NAS) method (SANAS) for rapid quantification of melamine in different brands/types of milk powders was investigated. In SANAS, the NAS vector of melamine in an unknown sample as well as in a series of samples added with melamine standards was calculated and then the Euclidean norms of series standards were used to build a straightforward univariate regression model. The analysis results of 10 different brands/types of milk powders with melamine levels 0~0.12% (w/w) indicate that SANAS obtained accurate results with the root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) values ranging from 0.0012 to 0.0029. An additional advantage of NAS is to visualize and control the possible unwanted variations during standard addition. The proposed method will provide a practically useful tool for rapid and nondestructive quantification of melamine in different brands/types of milk powders.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Chemistry, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China.
authors.forename: Bang-Cheng
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-2179-9750
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chuxiong Normal University, Chuxiong 675000, China.
authors.forename: Chen-Bo
authors.identifier: 0000-0001-6799-9232
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Chemistry, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-5246-7839
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Chemistry, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China; The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, College of Pharmacy, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-4742-5623
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu