title: Early blood pressure alterations are associated with pro-inflammatory markers in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between early blood pressure (BP) changes (detected using ambulatory BP monitoring; ABPM) with different markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The study design was observational cross-sectional in 85 T1DM patients, clinically normotensive and with normo-albuminuria. We analyzed the relationships between ABPM-measured BP alterations over 24 h with the inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)) and the markers of endothelial damage (vascular adhesion molecule, intercellular adhesion molecule and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI)). Despite being recorded as normotensive, 27 (31.8%) subjects presented with an average of pathological BP. VEGF levels were significantly elevated in the patients with an altered mean diurnal values compared with normotensives (112.33 (72.87-213.53) pg ml-1vs 71.03 (37.71-107.92) pg ml-1; P=0.007). Further, VEGF levels correlated significantly with the parameters of diurnal BP and of 24 h values. IL-6 concentration was a risk factor in the patients with hypertension (OR=1.406; P=0.027). There were no modifications in the levels of markers of endothelial damage. Summarizing, there is an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, but not the endothelial adhesion molecules, in early stages of arterial hypertension in patients with T1DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Puerta del Mar Hospital, Cadiz, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mateo-Gavira
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Puerta del Mar Hospital, Cadiz, Spain.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Vílchez-López
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Puerta del Mar Hospital, Cádiz, Spain.
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: García-Palacios
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Puerto Real Hospital, Cádiz, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carral-San Laureano
authors.affiliation: Department of Investigation, Puerta del Mar Hospital, Cádiz, Spain.
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Visiedo-García
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Investigation Unit, Puerta del Mar Hospital, Cádiz, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aguilar-Diosdado
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D059468:Masked Hypertension / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers