title: Investigation of ethyl lactate as a green solvent for desorption of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) from contaminated soil.
abstract: Treatment of oil-contaminated soil is a major environmental concern worldwide. The aim of this study is to examine the applicability of a green solvent, ethyl lactate (EL), in desorption of diesel aliphatic fraction within total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in contaminated soil and to determine the associated desorption kinetics. Batch desorption experiments were carried out on artificially contaminated soil at different EL solvent percentages (%). In analysing the diesel range of TPH, TPH was divided into three fractions and the effect of solvent extraction on each fraction was examined. The experimental results demonstrated that EL has a high and fast desorbing power. Pseudo-second order rate equation described the experimental desorption kinetics data well with correlation coefficient values, R2, between 0.9219 and 0.9999. The effects of EL percentage, initial contamination level of soil and liquid to solid ratio (L/S (v/w)) on initial desorption rate have also been evaluated. The effective desorption performance of ethyl lactate shows its potential as a removal agent for remediation of TPH-contaminated soil worldwide.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Seyedeh Pegah
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Jalilian Ahmadkalaei
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. suyin.gan@nottingham.edu.my.
authors.forename: Suyin
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5284-4297
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Hoon Kiat
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Suhaimi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abdul Talib
mesh_terms: D004787:Environmental Pollution; D005742:Gasoline; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000737:chemistry*; D007773:Lactates / Q000737:chemistry*; D010578:Petroleum; D059392:Petroleum Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005742:Gasoline; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D007773:Lactates; D010578:Petroleum; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D012997:Solvents; C015866:ethyl lactate
keywords: Ethyl lactate (EL); Extraction; Remediation; Soil; Solvent; Total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH)