title: Protective effects of Huangqin Decoction against ulcerative colitis and associated cancer in mice.
abstract: Individuals with ulcerative colitis (UC) are at a high risk for developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Huangqin Decoction (HQD), a traditional Chinese medicinal formula chronicled in the Shang Han Lun, is commonly used to treat gastrointestinal symptoms. However, experimental evidence for supporting the clinical practice is lacking. This study used modern biomedical approaches to investigate the protective/preventive effects of HQD in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute/chronic UC and azoxymethane (AOM)/DSS-induced CRC in mice. HQDs were prepared in 4 different ways: HQD-1 and HQD-2 were prepared in boiling water, whereas HQD-3 and HQD-4 were prepared in heated ethanol (70%). For HQD-1 and HQD-3, the 4 constituent herbs were processed together, whereas for HQD-2 and HQD4, these herbs were processed individually and then combined. The mice were administered 9.1 g/kg HQD via oral gavage daily. HQD-1 significantly inhibited DSS-induced acute UC, whereas HQD-3 and HQD-4 exhibited mild ameliorative effects; but HQD-2 had no protective effect and resulted in a higher mortality rate. This higher mortality rate may be due to the greater abundance of baicalein and wogonin in HQD-2 than HQD-1. Furthermore, HQD-1 protected against DSS-induced chronic UC and significantly inhibited AOM/DSS-induced CRC in mice. HQD-1 also inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines and increased antioxidant capacity both in chronic DSS and AOM/DSS treated mice. Overall, HQD-1 inhibits the development of acute/chronic colitis and prevents colitis-associated CRC, possibly by inhibiting inflammation and preventing oxidative stress induced cellular damage.
authors.affiliation: Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.|Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.|School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.|Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.|Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Chunping
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.|Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Xiaolan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.|Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Yuehua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.|Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Xueting
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
authors.forename: Chung S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.|Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D001397:Azoxymethane / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology; D044950:Flavanones / Q000737:chemistry; D007249:Inflammation; D008297:Male; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031364:Scutellaria baicalensis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D044950:Flavanones; D010936:Plant Extracts; C006680:baicalein; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D001397:Azoxymethane; C085514:wogonin
keywords: Huangqin Decoction; anti-inflammation and antioxidant; colitis-associated cancer; ulcerative colitis