title: Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and resistin are associated with dengue infection in adults.
abstract: Dengue is a major health problem in tropical areas, including Taiwan. Dengue virus infection affects various types of cells and results in elevation of serum inflammatory molecules. Because these molecules may be associated with dengue virus infection, the aim of this study was to identify novel molecules in febrile patients with dengue infection. In addition, we determined whether these molecules were correlated with the count of leukocytes and platelets.
  
  
  
  Febrile adults (Age >18 years old) who presented to the emergency department and were confirmed dengue virus infection were enrolled in this study. Serum from dengue patients and healthy controls was collected and serum level of sepsis-associated inflammatory molecules was measured by Luminex assay.
  
  
  
  Elevated level of macrophage migration inhibitory factor, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, sFasL, resistin and interferon-γ were detected in patients' serum. Higher levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and resistin were detected in dengue patients with normal leukocyte count and all dengue patients, respectively. Furthermore, the serum level of NGAL, but not resistin, was correlated with cell count in dengue patients.
  
  
  
  Our results revealed that resistin and NGAL are novel dengue-associated molecules. These results may help elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of anti-dengue immune responses.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.|Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.|School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kuan-Ting
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yao-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.|Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chun-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Ju
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ya-Ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan. 1030605@ms.kmuh.org.tw.
authors.forename: Meng-Chi
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3915-4114
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan. kuopolin@seed.net.tw.|Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan. kuopolin@seed.net.tw.
authors.forename: Po-Lin
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003715:Dengue / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000150:complications; D000071068:Lipocalin-2 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood*; D013624:Taiwan; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000150:complications; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C489506:LCN2 protein, human; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D052243:Resistin; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D007371:Interferon-gamma
keywords: Dengue; Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL); Resistin; Serum