title: Physical activity and training in sarcoidosis: review and experience-based recommendations.
abstract: Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic inflammatory disorder with a great variety of symptoms, including fatigue, dyspnea, pain, reduced exercise tolerance and muscle strength. Physical training has the potential to improve exercise capacity and muscle strength, and reduce fatigue. The aim of this review and survey was to present information about the role of physical training in sarcoidosis and offer practical guidelines.
  
  
  
  A systematic literature review guided an international consensus effort among sarcoidosis experts to establish practice-basic recommendations for the implementation of exercise as treatment for patients with various manifestations of sarcoidosis. International sarcoidosis experts suggested considering physical training in symptomatic patients with sarcoidosis. Expert commentary: There is promising evidence of a positive effect of physical training. Recommendations were based on available data and expert consensus. However, the heterogeneity of these patients will require modification and program adjustment of the standard rehabilitation format for e.g. COPD or interstitial lung diseases. An optimal training program (types of exercise, intensities, frequency, duration) still needs to be defined to optimize training adjustments, especially reduction of fatigue. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to consolidate these findings and optimize the comprehensive care of sarcoidosis patients.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Physical Therapy Hospital Gelderse Vallei , ZGV , Ede , Netherlands.|b ILD care foundation research team , Ede , Netherlands.|c ILD Center of Excellence , St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein , Nieuwegein , Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bert
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Strookappe
authors.affiliation: b ILD care foundation research team , Ede , Netherlands.|d New Orleans Scleroderma and Sarcoidosis Patient Care and Research Center , Tulane University Lung Center , New Orleans , LA , USA.
authors.forename: Lesley Ann
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Saketkoo
authors.affiliation: a Department of Physical Therapy Hospital Gelderse Vallei , ZGV , Ede , Netherlands.|b ILD care foundation research team , Ede , Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marjon
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elfferich
authors.affiliation: e Department of Rehabilitation , Nutrition and Sport, Alfred Health and La Trobe University Clinical School , Melbourne , Australia.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.affiliation: b ILD care foundation research team , Ede , Netherlands.|f Department of Medical Psychology, Elisabeth TweeSteden Ziekenhuis Tilburg and Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, CoRPS , Tilburg University , Tilburg , Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jolanda
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Vries
authors.affiliation: a Department of Physical Therapy Hospital Gelderse Vallei , ZGV , Ede , Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ton
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Knevel
authors.affiliation: b ILD care foundation research team , Ede , Netherlands.|c ILD Center of Excellence , St. Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein , Nieuwegein , Netherlands.|g Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Science , Maastricht University , Maastricht , Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marjolein
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Drent
mesh_terms: D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000534:rehabilitation*
keywords: Dyspnea; endurance; fatigue; muscle strength; physical training; pulmonary rehabilitation; quality of life; recommendations; sarcoidosis