title: Insights into newly discovered marks and readers of epigenetic information.
abstract: The field of chromatin biology has been advancing at an accelerated pace. Recent discoveries of previously uncharacterized sites and types of post-translational modifications (PTMs) and the identification of new sets of proteins responsible for the deposition, removal, and reading of these marks continue raising the complexity of an already exceedingly complicated biological phenomenon. In this Perspective article we examine the biological importance of new types and sites of histone PTMs and summarize the molecular mechanisms of chromatin engagement by newly discovered epigenetic readers. We also highlight the imperative role of structural insights in understanding PTM-reader interactions and discuss future directions to enhance the knowledge of PTM readout.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
authors.forename: Forest H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, the University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Brian D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Strahl
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
authors.forename: Tatiana G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Kutateladze
mesh_terms: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002843:Chromatin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D006657:Histones / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002843:Chromatin; D006657:Histones; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C104434:spindlin; D008239:Lysine