title: A Well-Mixed Computational Model for Estimating Room Air Levels of Selected Constituents from E-Vapor Product Use.
abstract: Concerns have been raised in the literature for the potential of secondhand exposure from e-vapor product (EVP) use. It would be difficult to experimentally determine the impact of various factors on secondhand exposure including, but not limited to, room characteristics (indoor space size, ventilation rate), device specifications (aerosol mass delivery, e-liquid composition), and use behavior (number of users and usage frequency). Therefore, a well-mixed computational model was developed to estimate the indoor levels of constituents from EVPs under a variety of conditions. The model is based on physical and thermodynamic interactions between aerosol, vapor, and air, similar to indoor air models referred to by the Environmental Protection Agency. The model results agree well with measured indoor air levels of nicotine from two sources: smoking machine-generated aerosol and aerosol exhaled from EVP use. Sensitivity analysis indicated that increasing air exchange rate reduces room air level of constituents, as more material is carried away. The effect of the amount of aerosol released into the space due to variability in exhalation was also evaluated. The model can estimate the room air level of constituents as a function of time, which may be used to assess the level of non-user exposure over time.
authors.affiliation: Research, Development and Regulatory Affairs, Altria Client Services LLC, 601 East Jackson Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA. Ali.A.Rostami@altria.com.
authors.forename: Ali A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Rostami
authors.affiliation: Research, Development and Regulatory Affairs, Altria Client Services LLC, 601 East Jackson Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA. yezdi.b.pithawalla@altria.com.
authors.forename: Yezdi B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Pithawalla
authors.affiliation: Research, Development and Regulatory Affairs, Altria Client Services LLC, 601 East Jackson Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA. Jianmin.liu@altria.com.
authors.forename: Jianmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Research, Development and Regulatory Affairs, Altria Client Services LLC, 601 East Jackson Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA. Michael.J.Oldham@altria.com.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Oldham
authors.affiliation: Research, Development and Regulatory Affairs, Altria Client Services LLC, 601 East Jackson Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA. Karl.a.wagner@altria.com.
authors.forename: Karl A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.affiliation: Research, Development and Regulatory Affairs, Altria Client Services LLC, 601 East Jackson Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA. Kimberly.frost-pineda@altria.com.
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Frost-Pineda
authors.affiliation: Research, Development and Regulatory Affairs, Altria Client Services LLC, 601 East Jackson Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA. Mohamadi.a.sarkar@altria.com.
authors.forename: Mohamadi A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sarkar
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols / Q000032:analysis*; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis*; D045853:Exhalation; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009538:Nicotine / Q000032:analysis; D012907:Smoking; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D005740:Gases; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D009538:Nicotine
keywords: EVP; aerosol; computational model; e-cigarette; e-vapor product; exhaled breath; indoor air quality; modeling; passive vaping; secondhand exposure