title: Nasal carriage of resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a medical student community.
abstract: Staphylococcus aureus can cause a variety of infections due to its high transmissibility, high pathogenic potential and resistance to multiple drugs, factors that contribute to the relevance of infections in healthcare services. The aim of this study was to document phenotypic and genotypic resistance factors of Staphylococcus aureus strains, isolated from nasal mucosa of medical students. A nasal swab was collected from the nares (nostrils) of 222 medical students. After collection, the samples were submitted to isolation and identification procedures. From 204 valid samples, 20.6% (42 samples) were positive for S. aureus. For the assessment of phenotypic resistance by disk-diffusion technique, from 42 samples, 95.2% showed resistance to erythromycin, 42.8% to clindamycin, 16.6% to cephoxitin and 9.5% to oxacillin. The D test showed that 26.2% of samples were resistant to macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramin B. A PCR assay allowed for the evaluation of a genotypic resistance profile, in which 16.6% of the samples were positive for the mecA gene, 35.7% positive for the ermC gene or ermA gene and 28.5% were positive for both genes. These results demonstrate that medical students can enter the healthcare service previously colonized by multidrug resistant strains and become potential spreaders in the hospital environment.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Biomedicina, Universidade do Oeste Paulista/UNOESTE, Rua José Bongiovani, 700, 19050-920 Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Carolina Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Gushiken
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Biomedicina, Universidade do Oeste Paulista/UNOESTE, Rua José Bongiovani, 700, 19050-920 Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Liliane B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina de Presidente Prudente/FAMEPP, Universidade do Oeste Paulista/UNOESTE, Rua José Bongiovani, 700, 19050-920 Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Bruna P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Correia
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Biomedicina, Universidade do Oeste Paulista/UNOESTE, Rua José Bongiovani, 700, 19050-920 Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil.|Programa de Pós-Gradução em Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Regional, Universidade do Oeste Paulista/UNOESTE, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Km 572, Bairro Limoeiro, 19067-175 Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Joyce M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Biomedicina, Universidade do Oeste Paulista/UNOESTE, Rua José Bongiovani, 700, 19050-920 Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil.|Programa de Pós-Gradução em Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Regional, Universidade do Oeste Paulista/UNOESTE, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Km 572, Bairro Limoeiro, 19067-175 Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Daniela V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Moris
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Biomedicina, Universidade do Oeste Paulista/UNOESTE, Rua José Bongiovani, 700, 19050-920 Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Valeria C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Gradução em Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Regional, Universidade do Oeste Paulista/UNOESTE, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Km 572, Bairro Limoeiro, 19067-175 Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Rogerio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giuffrida
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Biomedicina, Universidade do Oeste Paulista/UNOESTE, Rua José Bongiovani, 700, 19050-920 Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil.|Programa de Pós-Gradução em Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento Regional, Universidade do Oeste Paulista/UNOESTE, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Km 572, Bairro Limoeiro, 19067-175 Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: Marcus V P
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002353:Carrier State / Q000382:microbiology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D055231:Lincosamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009666:Nose / Q000382:microbiology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D025381:Streptogramin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D013337:Students, Medical
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D055231:Lincosamides; D025381:Streptogramin B