title: Early consciousness disorder in acute ischemic stroke: incidence, risk factors and outcome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about the incidence and risk factors of early consciousness disorder (ECD) in patients with acute ischemic stroke, or about how ECD may affect complications and outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients admitted to our hospital within 24 h of onset of acute ischemic stroke were consecutively enrolled. ECD was evaluated clinically and using the Glasgow coma scale. Multivariate analysis was used to identify risk factors of ECD, as well as associations between ECD and clinical outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 569 patients enrolled, 199 (35 %) had ECD. Independent risk factors of ECD were advanced age (OR 1.027, 95 % CI 1.007 to 1.048), National Institutes of Health Stroke Score on admission (OR 1.331, 95 % CI 1.257 to 1.410), and massive cerebral infarct (OR 3.211, 95 % CI 1.642 to 6.279). ECD was associated with higher frequency of stroke-related complications (83.4 % vs. 31.1 %, P < 0.001) and higher in-hospital mortality (17.1 % vs. 0.5 %, P < 0.001). ECD independently predicted 3-month death/disability (OR 3.272, 95 % CI 1.670 to 6.413).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ECD is prevalent in Chinese patients with acute ischemic stroke. Risk factors include advanced age, stroke severity, and massive cerebral infarct. ECD is associated with higher frequency of stroke-related complications and 3-month death/disability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Stroke Clinical Research Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, GuoXue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.|Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Deyang City, Deyang, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Stroke Clinical Research Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, GuoXue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Deren
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2388-3585
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Stroke Clinical Research Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, GuoXue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wendan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Stroke Clinical Research Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, GuoXue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Stroke Clinical Research Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, GuoXue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Stroke Clinical Research Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, GuoXue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. wyplmh@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003244:Consciousness Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications*; D014481:United States
keywords: Complication; Early consciousness disorder; Ischemic stroke; Occurrence; Outcome; Risk factor