title: Applicability of the Ricketts' posteroanterior cephalometry for sex determination using logistic regression analysis in Hispano American Peruvians.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Ricketts' posteroanterior (PA) cephalometry seems to be the most widely used and it has not been tested by multivariate statistics for sex determination.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to determine the applicability of Ricketts' PA cephalometry for sex determination using the logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The logistic models were estimated at distinct age cutoffs (all ages, 11 years, 13 years, and 15 years) in a database from 1,296 Hispano American Peruvians between 5 years and 44 years of age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The logistic models were composed by six cephalometric measurements; the accuracy achieved by resubstitution varied between 60% and 70% and all the variables, with one exception, exhibited a direct relationship with the probability of being classified as male; the nasal width exhibited an indirect relationship.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The maxillary and facial widths were present in all models and may represent a sexual dimorphism indicator. The accuracy found was lower than the literature and the Ricketts' PA cephalometry may not be adequate for sex determination. The indirect relationship of the nasal width in models with data from patients of 12 years of age or less may be a trait related to age or a characteristic in the studied population, which could be better studied and confirmed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Radiology and Statistics, Dentofacial Disarmonies Research Center, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Dental School of Dentistry, Cayetano Heredia Peruvian University, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Allison K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Chavez
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Radiology and Statistics, Dentofacial Disarmonies Research Center, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ponce
keywords: Cephalometry; logistic models; nasal cavity; sex determination; sex dimorphisms