title: A qualitative study on a 30-year trend of tobacco use and tobacco control programmes in Islamic Republic of Iran.
abstract: We conducted in-depth interviews with key tobacco control policy-makers to explore their views and opinions of trends in tobacco use and the effectiveness of tobacco control programmes over the past 3 decades. A qualitative interview study was conducted in 2014 using a grounded theory approach. In-depth interviews were conducted with 86 key tobacco control policy-makers and data collection was based on principles of saturation. The core code "tobacco consumption and its control programme" was extracted and its related themes were listed. After review and classification by an expert panel, 9 categorized codes emerged. The final 31 codes were ordered according to their conceptual differentiations. Overall, tobacco consumption was constant over the past 3 decades; however it was increasing in females and young people and decreasing in older people; hookah consumption was increasing. A positive outcome is that tobacco use is now viewed negatively in the Islamic Republic of Iran, largely due to tobacco control programmes but the current situation is still not ideal and a comprehensive tobacco control law is needed.
authors.affiliation: Tobacco Prevention and Control Research Centre; National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: Gh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Heydari
authors.affiliation: Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: A Ebn
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Ahmady
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States of America.
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Lando
authors.affiliation: Department of Library, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chamyani
authors.affiliation: Chronic Respiratory Research Centre, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masjedi
authors.affiliation: Tracheal Diseases Research Centre, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Shadmehr
authors.affiliation: Telemedicine Research Centre, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fadaizadeh
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007492:Iran; D007514:Islam; D008297:Male; D036301:Qualitative Research; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D064424:Tobacco Use / Q000639:trends*