title: Extending the Lifetime of Perovskite Solar Cells using a Perfluorinated Dopant.
abstract: The principle limitation of perovskite solar cells is related to their instability and, hence, their limited lifetime. Herein, we employ an imidazolium iodide dopant, 1-methyl-3-(1H,1H,2H,2H-nonafluorohexyl)-imidazolium iodide, containing a perfluorous appendage, which leads to prolonged (unencapsulated, under Ar atmosphere) device activities exceeding 100 days without compromising the power conversion efficiency and other photovoltaic parameters. The extended lifetime of the device can be attributed, at least in part, to the hydrophobic nature of the imidazolium iodide salt. The functionalization of the perovskite material was found to have negligible influence on the perovskite crystal structure.
authors.affiliation: Abengoa Research, Abengoa, C/Energía Solar n° 1, Campus Palmas Altas, 41014, Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salado
authors.affiliation: Abengoa Research, Abengoa, C/Energía Solar n° 1, Campus Palmas Altas, 41014, Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: F Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), CH 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Valentin M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Manzanares
authors.affiliation: Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), EPFL Valais Wallis, CH-1951, Sion, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), EPFL Valais Wallis, CH-1951, Sion, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Mohammad Khaja
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Nazeeruddin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), CH 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Dyson
authors.affiliation: Abengoa Research, Abengoa, C/Energía Solar n° 1, Campus Palmas Altas, 41014, Sevilla, Spain. shahzada.ahmad@abengoa.com.
authors.forename: Shahzada
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000737:chemistry*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D012993:Solar Energy; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D017610:Calcium Compounds; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D007093:Imidazoles; D010087:Oxides; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C059910:perovskite; D014025:Titanium
keywords: doping; fluorination; perovskite; solar cells; stability