title: The Influence of Voice Sample Length in the Auditory-Perceptual Judgment of Overall Voice Quality.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to explore the influence of voice sample lengths (VSLs) on the perceived degree of severity of overall voice quality. To increase a valid judgment in voice quality, a consistent rating is essential to estimate the presence and degree of severity of a voice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three VSLs were defined by varying only the length of continuous speech followed by constant duration of 3 seconds of the mid-vowel portion sustained vowel [a:]. VSL-1 contained 17 syllables as is used for the Acoustic Voice Quality Index by Maryn et al (2010). VSL-2 consisted of a customized length (ie, with a mean number of 35.5 syllables of the original text, which corresponds to 3 seconds of only-voiced segments in continuous speech). VSL-3 had 93 syllables, which represent a complete phonetically balanced text. An expert panel of five judges rated 100 voice samples with various degrees of hoarseness. In total, three sessions were achieved judging one VSL variant in one session of the 100 voice samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed significant differences of auditory-perceptual judgment between VSL-1 and VSL-2 (U = -4.985, P = 0.000), and between VSL-1 and VSL-3 (U = -5.642, P = 0.000). However, judgments of VSL-2 and VSL-3 did not differ significantly (U = -1.785, P = 0.074).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on these results, it can be concluded that the judgment of VSL-2 is comparable with the judgment of VSL-3. Therefore, speech material for clinical judgment can be reduced to VSL-2 for rating overall voice quality.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Medical School, Hochschule Fresenius University of Applied Sciences, Hamburg, Germany. Electronic address: ben.barsties@t-online.de.
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Barsties
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium; European Institute for ORL, Sint-Augustinus Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Faculty of Education, Health & Social Work, University College Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Youri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maryn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013061:Speech Acoustics; D013067:Speech Perception; D013066:Speech-Language Pathology / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014833:Voice Quality; D055815:Young Adult
keywords: Auditory-perceptual judgment; Continuous speech; Sample length; Sustained vowel; Voice quality