title: Protecting Public Health in Nuclear Emergencies-the Need to Broaden the Process.
abstract: It is necessary for the radiation protection system to broaden beyond radioactive dose, the view on impact of nuclear accidents, taking in consideration the psychological, social and economic determinants impacting the vulnerability of the exposed population, as well as the impacts of emergency countermeasures. It is strongly recommended to pursue strategies, approaches and services that will address these aspects within the general health protection system and will be applied before, during and after an emergency. The paper raises awareness and proposes a three-step development process for an integrated framework based on the social determinants of health approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Environmental and Social Determinants of Health, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland Carrz@who.int.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.affiliation: Federal Office for Radiological Protection (retired), Hölderlinstr. 31, 79312 Emmendingen, Germany.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Environmental and Social Determinants of Health, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Roebbel
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Risk Management and Humanitarian Response, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abrahams
mesh_terms: D004189:Disaster Planning / Q000379:methods; D004630:Emergencies; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D011634:Public Health; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011834:Radiation Monitoring; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000379:methods*; D018788:Radioactive Hazard Release / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012308:Risk Management / Q000379:methods