title: Temperature-sensitive albino gene TCD5, encoding a monooxygenase, affects chloroplast development at low temperatures.
abstract: Chloroplasts are essential for photosynthesis and play critical roles in plant development. In this study, we characterized the temperature-sensitive chlorophyll-deficient rice mutant tcd5, which develops albino leaves at low temperatures (20 °C) and normal green leaves at high temperatures (32 °C). The development of chloroplasts and etioplasts is impaired in tcd5 plants at 20 °C, and the temperature-sensitive period for the albino phenotype is the P4 stage of leaf development. The development of thylakoid membranes is arrested at the mid-P4 stage in tcd5 plants at 20 °C. We performed positional cloning of TCD5 and then complementation and knock-down experiments, and the results showed that the transcript LOC_Os05g34040.1 from the LOC_Os05g34040 gene corresponded to the tcd5 phenotype. TCD5 encodes a conserved plastid-targeted monooxygenase family protein which has not been previously reported associated with a temperature-sensitive albino phenotype in plants. TCD5 is abundantly expressed in young leaves and immature spikes, and low temperatures increased this expression. The transcription of some genes involved in plastid transcription/translation and photosynthesis varied in the tcd5 mutant. Although the phenotype and temperature dependence of the TCD5 orthologous mutant phenotype were different in rice and Arabidopsis, OsTCD5 could rescue the phenotype of the Arabidopsis mutant, suggesting that TCD5 function is conserved between monocots and dicots.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
authors.forename: Jianhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoliang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
authors.forename: Dongzhi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
authors.forename: Yanjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China steng@sibs.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Teng
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000502:physiology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000502:physiology*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000502:physiology*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D002734:Chlorophyll; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases
keywords: Albino; chloroplast development; map-based cloning; monooxygenase; rice; temperature-sensitive.