title: Infection-resistant MRI-visible scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.
abstract: Tissue engineering utilizes porous scaffolds as template to guide the new tissue growth. Clinical application of scaffolding biomaterials is hindered by implant-associated infection and impaired in vivo visibility of construct in biomedical imaging modalities. We recently demonstrated the use of a bioengineered type I collagen patch to repair damaged myocardium. By incorporating superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles into this patch, here, we developed an MRI-visible scaffold. Moreover, the embedded nanoparticles impeded the growth of Salmonella bacteria in the patch. Conferring anti-infection and MRI-visible activities to the engineered scaffolds can improve their clinical outcomes and reduce the morbidity/mortality of biomaterial-based regenerative therapies.
authors.affiliation: Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, 94305 USA ; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr., Stanford, CA 94305 ; Nanotechnology Research Center and Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14155-6451, Iran.
authors.forename: Morteza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahmoudi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr., Stanford, CA 94305.
authors.forename: Mingming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr., Stanford, CA 94305.
authors.forename: Yuka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.affiliation: Department of General, Organic, and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Avenue Maistriau, 19, B-7000 Mons, Belgium ; CMMI - Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Avenue A. Bolland, 8 B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laurent
authors.affiliation: Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, 94305 USA ; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr., Stanford, CA 94305.
authors.forename: Phillip C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, 94305 USA ; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr., Stanford, CA 94305.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bernstein
authors.affiliation: Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, 94305 USA ; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr., Stanford, CA 94305.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Lozano
authors.affiliation: Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA, 94305 USA ; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr., Stanford, CA 94305.
authors.forename: Vahid
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Serpooshan
keywords: Antibacterial properties; Collagen scaffold; Magnetic resonance imaging; SPION; Superparamagnetic iron oxide; Tissue engineering; nanoparticles