title: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor negatively regulates lipid synthesis and involves in cell differentiation of SZ95 sebocytes in vitro.
abstract: The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is the receptor for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and other exogenous compounds. In human sebocytes, TCDD and BaP were found to activate the expression of multiple genes, including cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), and inhibit lipid synthesis via AhR, while little is known about endogenous functions of the AhR. In order to expand this knowledge, we analyzed the impact of AhR knockdown on lipid synthesis as well as on cell differentiation of SZ95 sebocytes in vitro and observed that lipid synthesis was significantly induced in AhR silenced SZ95 sebocytes. In line with this result, expression of lipogenesis-associated genes, such as peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) δ and PPARγ, was increased. Morphological changes with smaller cells in size but more abundant cytoplasmic lipids were observed in AhR silenced SZ95 sebocytes compared with the AhR activated cells. Besides, the expression of keratin 7, an early sebaceous differentiation marker, was increased, while the expression of the terminal sebocyte differentiation marker epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) was reduced. Moreover, the terminal keratinocyte differentiation markers keratin 10 and involucrin, and the AhR downstream protein CYP1A1 were reduced after AhR silencing. To the best of our knowledge, we provide evidence that in the absence of exogenous ligands, the AhR inhibits lipid synthesis and involves in cell differentiation of human SZ95 sebocytes, which indicates the physiological function of this receptor in human sebocytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital and Division of Medical Genetics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Duo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Dermatology Hospital, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital and Division of Medical Genetics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Dermatology Hospital, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhanyan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Dessau, Germany.
authors.forename: Christos C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Zouboulis
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital and Division of Medical Genetics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Luying
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Longqing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China. Electronic address: qiangju@aliyun.com.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ju
mesh_terms: D000941:Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D048430:Cell Shape; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay; D015536:Down-Regulation; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D020868:Gene Silencing; D018390:Gene Targeting; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon / Q000378:metabolism*; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D008055:Lipids; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon
keywords: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor; CYP1A1; Differentiation; SZ95 sebocytes; Sebaceous gland; TCDD