title: Absence of significant adverse events following thalidomide administration in bitches diagnosed with mammary gland carcinomas.
abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence of adverse events (AEs) in female dogs diagnosed with advanced clinical stage mammary gland neoplasms following treatment with thalidomide. A prospective analysis of 29 female dogs treated with a high dose (HD) of 20 mg/kg/day of thalidomide for three months followed by a low dose (LD) of 10 mg/kg/day of thalidomide for three months was performed. All patients underwent physical examination, complete blood count, serum biochemistry profile, thoracic radiographs, and abdominal ultrasound analysis before the treatment and after the HD and LD. Clinical AEs were absent in 16/29 (55.17 per cent) patients following HD. An initial 3-5 day period of somnolence was described in 4/29 (13.79 per cent), prolonged somnolence in 5/29 (17.24 per cent), a short period of somnolence lasting only a few hours in 3/29 (10.34 per cent), and difficulty to rouse was described in 5/29 (17.24 per cent) cases. Two patients (6.89 per cent) presented with prolonged somnolence that interfered with activities of daily living, resulting in anticipation of the dose reduction to the proposed LD after 15 days of the HD treatment. Following dose reduction, AE improvement was observed in all patients. Albeit remaining within the reference ranges, erythrocytes, haematocrit, total leucocyte count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase showed significant alteration associated to thalidomide treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences of the Sao Paulo State University (FCAV/UNESP) - Jaboticabal Campus, Jaboticabal, Brazil.
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: de Campos
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Lavalle
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical and Biotechnological Development, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fialho Ligório
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of General Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Camargo Nunes
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Carneiro
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinics, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Sao Paulo State University (FMVZ/UNESP) - Botucatu Campus, Botucatu, Brazil.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Amorim
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of General Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Cassali
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D015674:Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D013792:Thalidomide
keywords: Adverse events; Dogs; Mammary gland; Oncology; Thalidomide