title: Cerebral vasomotor reactivity in neurodegenerative diseases.
abstract: Small-caliber cerebral vessels change their diameters in response to alterations of key metabolite concentrations such as carbon dioxide or oxygen. This phenomenon, termed the cerebral vasomotor reactivity (CVMR), is the basis for blood flow regulation in the brain in accordance with its metabolic status. Typically, CVMR is determined as the amount of change in cerebral blood flow in response to a vasodilating stimulus, which can be measured by various neuroimaging methods or by transcranial Doppler. It has been shown that CVMR is impaired in cerebrovascular diseases, but there is also evidence of a similar dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we review studies that have investigated CVMR in the common neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis. Moreover, we discuss potential neurodegenerative mechanisms responsible for the impairment of CVMR.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Łukasz
authors.initials: Ł
authors.lastname: Smoliński
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: czlonkow@ipin.edu.pl.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Członkowska
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D059907:Functional Neuroimaging; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial; D014661:Vasoconstriction; D014664:Vasodilation; D014666:Vasomotor System
keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Cerebral vasomotor reactivity; Multiple sclerosis; Neurodegenerative disease; Parkinson's disease