title: Effects of long-term administration of pantoprazole on bone mineral density in young male rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Epidemiological studies suggest that long-term administration of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may decrease bone mineral density (BMD) and increase the risk of osteoporotic fractures. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of pantoprazole on bone metabolism in growing rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The experiment was carried out on twenty-four young male Wistar rats divided into two groups receiving either pantoprazole at the dose of 3mg/kg or vehicle for 12 weeks. Femoral bone mineral density (BMD) and bone histomorphometry were assessed. Serum total calcium, inorganic phosphate and markers of bone turnover were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In pantoprazole-treated rats a decreased BMD was detected (0.2618±0.0133g/cm(2)vs. 0.2715±0.0073g/cm(2), p<0.05). Bone histomorphometry revealed a decrease in growth plate thickness (G.Pl.RTh.) (161.0±27.8μm vs. 195.0±20.8, p<0.05) in pantoprazole-treated animals. Serum total calcium level and osteocalcin concentrations were decreased in the pantoprazole-treated group (9.62±0.55mg/dl vs. 10.15±0.38mg/dl, p<0.05 and 242.7±44.4pg/ml vs. 342.5±123.3pg/ml, p<0.05, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We observed that PPIs might have a negative impact on bone formation in growing rats mainly due to their inhibitory effects on the gastric proton pump, with probable deterioration of calcium absorption and decrease in growth plate thickness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matuszewska
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland. Electronic address: beata.nowak@umed.wroc.pl.
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathomorphology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rzeszutko
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathomorphology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zduniak
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szandruk
authors.affiliation: Department and Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Isotope Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jędrzejuk
authors.affiliation: Department and Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Isotope Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Landwójtowicz
authors.affiliation: Department and Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Isotope Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bolanowski
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pieśniewska
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kwiatkowska
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szeląg
mesh_terms: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D005269:Femur / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000187:drug effects; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000379:methods; D000077402:Pantoprazole; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D015675:Osteocalcin; D000077402:Pantoprazole; D002118:Calcium
keywords: Bone metabolism; Bone mineral density; Calcium; Pantoprazole; Rats