title: Compositions, Formation Mechanism, and Neuroprotective Effect of Compound Precipitation from the Traditional Chinese Prescription Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang.
abstract: Compounds in the form of precipitation (CFP) are universally formed during the decocting of Chinese prescriptions, such as Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang (HLJDT). The formation rate of HLJDT CFP even reached 2.63% ± 0.20%. The identification by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS(n)) proved that the main chemical substances of HLJDT CFP are baicalin and berberine, which is coincident with the theory that the CFP might derive from interaction between acidic and basic compounds. To investigate the formation mechanism of HLJDT CFP, baicalin and berberine were selected to synthesize a simulated precipitation and then the baicalin-berberine complex was obtained. Results indicated that the melting point of the complex interposed between baicalin and berberine, and the UV absorption, was different from the mother material. In addition, ¹H-NMR integral and high-resolution mass spectroscopy (HR-MS) can validate that the binding ratio was 1:1. Compared with baicalin, the chemical shifts of H and C on glucuronide had undergone significant changes by ¹H-, (13)C-NMR, which proved that electron transfer occurred between the carboxylic proton and the lone pair of electrons on the N atom. Both HLJDT CFP and the baicalin-berberine complex showed protective effects against cobalt chloride-induced neurotoxicity in differentiated PC12 cells. It is a novel idea, studying the material foundation of CFP in Chinese prescriptions.
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China. zcz920418@163.com.
authors.forename: Chenze
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China. zr1012@bucm.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China. ywq3226925@163.com.
authors.forename: Wenqiang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China. 15652387323@163.com.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China. 15001290933@163.com.
authors.forename: Menglu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China. nlzhu@implad.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Nailiang
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China. zhuyindi314@sina.com.
authors.forename: Yindi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China. zyz100102@126.com.
authors.forename: Yuzhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China. wpl581@126.com.
authors.forename: Penglong
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China. leihaimin@126.com.
authors.forename: Haimin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lei
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001599:Berberine / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D066244:Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005419:Flavonoids; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C045607:huang-lien-chieh-tu-tang; D001599:Berberine; C038044:baicalin
keywords: Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang; baicalin–berberine complex; compounds in the form of precipitation; formation mechanism; material foundation; neuroprotective effect