title: Following the Utøya attack - who received early assistance?
abstract: Following the terror attack on Utøya on 22 July 2011, the Norwegian Directorate of Health recommended a proactive model of follow-up in the municipalities. According to this model, crisis teams were to rapidly contact the survivors, and all survivors were to be assigned a fixed contact person in the municipality. The aim was to ensure early assistance and continuity of follow-up. In this study we investigate whether there were geographical differences in the assistance measures provided.
  
  
  
  The study includes 321 of 495 survivors of the Utøya attack. The participants were interviewed 4 – 5 months after the terror attack. We studied whether there were differences in the proportion of survivors who received proactive follow-up and other health services based on health region or centrality of the municipality of residence.
  
  
  
  The study showed that there were geographical differences in the health assistance provided, whereby a lower proportion of survivors received proactive follow-up in Oslo compared to the country as a whole. In Oslo, 66 % of the survivors reported that they had been contacted by a crisis team and 61 % that they had been assigned a contact person. In smaller central municipalities, 88 – 98 % reported contact with a crisis team and 85 – 91 % reported that they had been assigned a contact person.
  
  
  
  The findings must be seen in the context of the particularly severe effect on Oslo of the terror attacks on 22 July 2011. Organisational factors in the municipality may also have had an impact on the outcome.
authors.affiliation: Brattvåg legekontor Haram kommune.
authors.forename: Erik David
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Wiström
authors.affiliation: Nasjonalt kunnskapssenter om vold og traumatisk stress (NKVTS) og Sosialpediatrisk seksjon Barne- og ungdomsklinikken Oslo universitetssykehus, Ullevål.
authors.forename: Lise Eilin
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Stene
authors.affiliation: Nasjonalt kunnskapssenter om vold og traumatisk stress (NKVTS) og Institutt for klinisk medisin Det medisinske fakultet Universitetet i Oslo.
authors.forename: Grete
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dyb
mesh_terms: D003419:Crisis Intervention / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D061345:Early Medical Intervention; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D058006:General Practice / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D054625:Healthcare Disparities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009664:Norway; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology*; D023481:Terrorism