title: Sem analysis zirconia-ceramic adhesion interface.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Modern dentistry increasingly tends to use materials aesthetically acceptable and biomimetic. Among these are zirconia and ceramics for several years, a combination that now has becoming synonym of aesthetic; however, what could be the real link between these two materials and especially its nature, remains a controversial topic debated in the literature. The aim of our study was to "underline" the type of bonding that could exist between these materials.
  
  
  METHODS
  To investigate the nature of this bond we used a SEM microscopy (Zeiss SUPRA 25). Different bilaminar specimens: "white" zirconia Zircodent® and ceramic "Noritake®", after being tested with loading test in bending (three-point-bending) and FEM analysis, were analyzed by SEM. Fragments' analysis in closeness of the fracture's point has allowed us to be able to "see" if at large magnifications between these two materials, and without the use of linear, could exist a lasting bond and the possible type of failure that could incur.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From our analysis of the specimens' fragments analyzed after test Equipment, it is difficult to highlight a clear margin and no-adhesion zones between the two materials, although the analysis involving fragments adjacent to the fracture that has taken place at the time of Mechanical test Equipment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to our analysis and with all the clarification of the case, we can assume that you can obtain a long and lasting bond between the zirconia and ceramics. Agree to the data present in the literature, we can say that the type of bond varies according to the type of specimens and of course also the type of failure. In samples where the superstructure envelops the ceramic framework Zirconium we are in the presence of a cohesive failure, otherwise in a presence of adhesive failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cardelli
authors.affiliation: Doctorate in Materials for Health, Environment and Energy, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vertucci
authors.affiliation: Doctorate in Materials for Health, Environment and Energy, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montani
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arcuri
keywords: adhesion; ceramic; failure; interface; sem-analysis; zirconia