title: A molecular epidemiological perspective of rhinovirus types circulating in Amsterdam from 2007 to 2012.
abstract: Rhinoviruses (RVs) are frequently detected respiratory viruses that cause mild common cold symptoms, but may also lead to more severe respiratory tract infections. The large number of RV types, classified into species A, B and C, hampers clear insights into the epidemiology and clinical significance of each RV type. The aim of this study was to map the circulation of RV types in the Amsterdam area. RV-positive nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal samples, collected from 2007 to 2012 in the Academic Medical Centre (Amsterdam, the Netherlands), were typed based on the sequence of the region coding for capsid proteins VP4 and VP2. RV-A, RV-B and RV-C were found in proportions of of 52.4% (334/637), 11.3% (72/637), and 36.2% (231/637), respectively. We detected 129 of the 167 currently classified types. RVs circulated throughout the entire year with a peak in the autumn and a decline in the summer. Some RV types were observed throughout the entire sampling period and others had a more seasonal pattern. Nine RV-A and four RV-B novel provisionally assigned types were identified. This study provides an insight into the molecular epidemiology of RVs in the Amsterdam area. The RVs circulating are diverse and include several provisionally new types.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: l.vanderlinden@amc.uva.nl.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: van der Linden
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A H L
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Bruning
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: X V
authors.initials: XV
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Minnaar
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: S P H
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Rebers
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schinkel
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pajkrt
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Wolthers
mesh_terms: D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D003139:Common Cold / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D006801:Humans; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000821:virology; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012229:Rhinovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012621:Seasons; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; D012367:RNA, Viral
keywords: Epidemiology; Genotype; Respiratory tract infection; Rhinovirus; Seasonality