title: Efficacy of the projection onto convex sets (POCS) algorithm at Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced hepatobiliary-phase hepatic MRI.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the efficacy of the projection onto convex sets (POCS) algorithm at Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced hepatobiliary-phase MRI.
  
  
  METHODS
  In phantom study, we scanned a phantom and obtained images by conventional means (P1 images), by partial-Fourier image reconstruction (PF, P2 images) and by PF with the POCS algorithm (P3 images). Then we acquired and compared subtraction images (P2-P1 images and P3-P1 images). In clinical study, 55 consecutive patients underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA (EOB)-enhanced 3D hepatobiliary-phase MRI on a 1.5T scanner. Images were obtained using conventional method (C1 images), PF (C2 images), and PF with POCS (C3 images). The acquisition time was 17-, 14-, and 14 s for protocols C1, C2 and C3, respectively. Two radiologists assigned grades for hepatic vessel sharpness and we compared the visual grading among the 3 protocols. And one radiologist compared signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) of the hepatic parenchyma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In phantom study, there was no difference in signal intensity on a peripheral phantom column on P3-P1 images. In clinical study, there was no significant difference between C1 and C3 images (2.62 ± 0.49 vs. 2.58 ± 0.49, p = 0.70) in the score assigned for vessel sharpness nor in SNR (13.3 ± 2.67 vs. 13.1 ± 2.51, p = 0.18).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The POCS algorithm makes it possible to reduce the scan time of hepatobiliary phase (from 17 to 14 s) without reducing SNR and without increasing artifacts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Amakusa Regional Medical Center, Amakusa, Japan ; Department of Radiology, Kumamoto Rousai Hospital, 1670, Takehara-Machi, Yatushiro, Kumamoto 866-8533 Japan.
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Amakusa Regional Medical Center, Amakusa, Japan ; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakaura
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Amakusa Regional Medical Center, Amakusa, Japan ; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kidoh
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Radiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Awai
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Namimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Amakusa Regional Medical Center, Amakusa, Japan.
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yoshinaka
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Amakusa Regional Medical Center, Amakusa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamashita
keywords: Gd-EOB-DTPA; Hepatic MRI; Hepatobiliary phase; Iterative; Projection onto convex sets