title: Synthesis of Fluorine-Doped Hydrophilic Carbon Nanoparticles from Hexafluorobenzene by Femtosecond Laser Pulses.
abstract: We report on the preparation and characterization of fluorine-doped hydrophilic carbon nanoparticles by the exposure of hexafluorobenzene or a water/hexafluorobenzene bilayer solution to femtosecond laser pulses. Uniform atom distributions are achieved not only on the particle surface but also inside the particles. The semi-ionic character of C-F bonds and the non-aggregating feature of the nanoparticles play key roles in the water-dispersible character of fluorine-doped carbon nanoparticles. We suggest the following building-up process of carbon nanoparticles: the fragmentation of hexafluorobenzene initiated by the electrons generated in laser-induced plasma followed by the reconstruction of a carbon framework of nanoparticles.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.affiliation: Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute, 1-6-50 Morinomiya, Joto, Osaka, 536-8553, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitamura
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hamaguchi
authors.affiliation: Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute, 1-6-50 Morinomiya, Joto, Osaka, 536-8553, Japan.
authors.forename: Kimihiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsukawa
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6810-7774
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yatsuhashi
keywords: aggregation; carbon materials; femtosecond lasers; plasma chemistry; solvated electrons