title: Systematic review of risk prediction models for diabetes after bariatric surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes remission is an important outcome after bariatric surgery. The purpose of this study was to identify risk prediction models of diabetes remission after bariatric surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic literature review was performed in MEDLINE, MEDLINE-In-Process, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases in April 2015. All English-language full-text published derivation and validation studies for risk prediction models on diabetic outcomes after bariatric surgery were included. Data extraction included population, outcomes, variables, intervention, model discrimination and calibration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 2330 studies retrieved, eight met the inclusion criteria. Of these, six presented development of risk prediction models and two reported validation of existing models. All included models were developed to predict diabetes remission. Internal validation using tenfold validation was reported for one model. Two models (ABCD score and DiaRem score) had external validation using independent patient cohorts with diabetes remission assessed at 12 and 14 months respectively. Of the 11 cohorts included in the eight studies, calibration was not reported in any cohort, and discrimination was reported in two.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A variety of models are available for predicting risk of diabetes following bariatric surgery, but only two have undergone external validation.
authors.affiliation: Health Economy, Synergus AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Health Economy, Synergus AB, Stockholm, Sweden. oleg.borisenko@synergus.com.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Borisenko
authors.affiliation: Health Economy, Synergus AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Telegina
authors.affiliation: Healthcare, Policy and Reimbursement, Covidien (UK) Commercial Ltd, now part of Medtronic, Fareham, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hargreaves
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.affiliation: General Surgery, Hospital of Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sanchez Santos
authors.affiliation: Department of Bariatric Surgery, St Richard's Hospital, Chichester, UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pring
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.|Department of Clinical Medicine, Aleris Hamlet Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Funch-Jensen
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, St Jan's Hospital, Bruges, Belgium.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dillemans
authors.affiliation: Clinical Sciences Department of Surgery, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hedenbro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D050110:Bariatric Surgery; D018849:Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D012074:Remission Induction; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors