title: Qualitative and Quantitative Effect of a Protective Chlorhexidine Varnish Layer Over Resin-infiltrated Proximal Carious Lesions in Primary Teeth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to assess the progression of noncavitated initial proximal carious lesions in primary teeth, infiltrated with low viscosity resins, both with and without an overlying layer of chlorhexidine varnish.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five children, with at least two white spot lesions on the proximal surfaces of primary molars, were assessed. The clinical procedure of resin infiltration (DMG, ICON) was similar in both groups. In the test group, after infiltration a double layer of chlorhexidine varnish (Cervitec Plus) was coated on the surface. Participants were recalled after nine months. Radiographic assessment was performed with GIMP software using representative histograms of the lesion. McNemar and chi-square tests were used to measure clinical and radiographic scores within and between groups. A two-sided (α equals two) P-value less than 0.05 (P≤0.05) was considered statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The carious lesion with an International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) three score had a statistically significant shift of pixel count distribution to a higher grayscale range in the test compared to the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The statistically significant positive histogram changes in the test group suggest benefits of an overlying chlorhexidine varnish layer on resin infiltration only when the carious surface had microcavitations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. pritika.rai87@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Pritika
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Richa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Khanna
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D003736:Dental Cavity Lining; D018450:Disease Progression; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D019252:Radiography, Dental, Digital; D013943:Thymol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; C079161:chlorhexidine, thymol drug combination; D013943:Thymol; D002710:Chlorhexidine