title: Effect of Shilajit enriched diet on immunity, antioxidants, and disease resistance in Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) against Aeromonas hydrophila.
abstract: The effect of diet supplemented with Shilajit, a multi-component natural mineral substance on the antioxidant activity, immune response, and disease resistance in freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) against Aeromonas hydrophila is reported. The total hemocyte count (THC) and phagocytic activity significantly increased with 2 g kg(-1) supplemented diet on first week and with other enriched diets on weeks 2 and 4. The respiratory burst (RB) activity and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were significantly increased with 2 g kg(-1) supplemented diet on weeks 1 and 2 whereas 2 and 4 g kg(-1) diets on week 4. The phenoloxidase (PO) activity increased significantly with 2 g kg(-1) diet only on second week and with other enriched diets only on fourth week. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased significantly with any enriched diet during the experimental period except with 6 g kg(-1) diets on first week. However, the glutathione reductase (GR) activity was enhanced significantly only with 2 g kg(-1) enriched diets on weeks 2 and 4. The cumulative mortality of the prawn fed with 2 and 4 g kg(-1) enriched diets was 10% and 15% whereas with 6 g kg(-1) diet the mortality was 20%. The results suggest that diet enriched with Shilajit at 2 g kg(-1) or 4 g kg(-1) positively enhances the antioxidant activity, immunity, and disease resistance in M. rosenbergii against A. hydrophila.
authors.affiliation: P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College, Chennai 600 014, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: saiyad_musthafa@rediffmail.com.
authors.forename: Mohamed Saiyad
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Musthafa
authors.affiliation: P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College, Chennai 600 014, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Abdul Rahman
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Jawahar Ali
authors.affiliation: P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College, Chennai 600 014, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Abdul Rahuman
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Hyder Ali
authors.affiliation: P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College, Chennai 600 014, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Mohamed Jamal
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.affiliation: P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College, Chennai 600 014, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Mehrajuddin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: War
authors.affiliation: P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College, Chennai 600 014, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Mohamed Saquib
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Naveed
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Mohammad K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Al-Sadoon
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Bilal Ahmad
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Paray
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Kancheepuram 631 561, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Kuppusamy Umaa
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Rani
authors.affiliation: Division of Fisheries Biotechnology & Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Jesu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arockiaraj
authors.affiliation: Department of Herbal and Environmental Science, Tamil University, Thanjavur 613 005, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Chellam
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Balasundaram
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Pachaiyappa's College for Men, Kanchipuram 631 501, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: rhari123@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ramasamy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Harikrishnan
mesh_terms: D016980:Aeromonas hydrophila / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects*; D008903:Minerals; D033541:Palaemonidae / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012116:Resins, Plant
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008903:Minerals; D012116:Resins, Plant; C045109:mumie
keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila; Disease resistance; Immune response; Macrobrachium rosenbergii; Shilajit