title: Cerebrospinal fluid tau, neurogranin, and neurofilament light in Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau (total tau, T-tau), neurofilament light (NFL), and neurogranin (Ng) are potential biomarkers for neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is unknown whether these biomarkers provide similar or complementary information in AD. We examined 93 patients with AD, 187 patients with mild cognitive impairment, and 109 controls. T-tau, Ng, and NFL were all predictors of AD diagnosis. Combinations improved the diagnostic accuracy (AUC 85.5% for T-tau, Ng, and NFL) compared to individual biomarkers (T-tau 80.8%; Ng 71.4%; NFL 77.7%). T-tau and Ng were highly correlated (ρ = 0.79, P < 0.001) and strongly associated with β-amyloid (Aβ) pathology, and with longitudinal deterioration in cognition and brain structure, primarily in people with Aβ pathology. NFL on the other hand was not associated with Aβ pathology and was associated with cognitive decline and brain atrophy independent of Aβ. T-tau, Ng, and NFL provide partly independent information about neuronal injury and may be combined to improve the diagnostic accuracy for AD. T-tau and Ng reflect Aβ-dependent neurodegeneration, while NFL reflects neurodegeneration independently of Aβ pathology.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden niklas.mattsson@med.lu.se oskar.hansson@med.lu.se.
authors.forename: Niklas
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-8885-7724
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mattsson
authors.affiliation: Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Philip S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Insel
authors.affiliation: Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Palmqvist
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Portelius
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zetterberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.affiliation: Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.
authors.forename: Kaj
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blennow
authors.affiliation: Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden niklas.mattsson@med.lu.se oskar.hansson@med.lu.se.
authors.forename: Oskar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hansson
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D051579:Neurogranin / Q000032:analysis*; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C054369:MAPT protein, human; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins; C044882:neurofilament protein L; D016875:tau Proteins; D051579:Neurogranin
keywords: Alzheimer's; CSF; biomarker; neurodegeneration