title: Moxifloxacin loaded gelatin nanoparticles for ocular delivery: Formulation and in-vitro, in-vivo evaluation.
abstract: The current research focuses on developing positively charged gelatin nanoparticles loaded with moxifloxacin for its effective ocular delivery and controlled release in corneal eye layer. We selected type A gelatin because of its biodegradable and non-toxic nature as the polymer of choice for fabricating the nanoparticles by a modified two step desolvation technique. The produced nanoparticles were positively charged (+24±0.12mV) with a narrow particle size of 175±1.11nm as measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The in-vitro drug release from the nanoformulations exhibited a burst effect in the first hour followed by a controlled release of the drug for the subsequent 12h. The Korsmeyer-Peppas model showed better linearity and the formulations displayed non-Fickian drug release pattern. The optimized formulation was assessed for its utility as an anti-bacterial agent and its effectiveness was tested on the corneal eye surface of rabbits. The in-vivo tolerance tests revealed that the drug loaded nano-formulations was non-irritant to the ocular tissues indicating its safety. The in-vivo anti-bacterial activity of the nanosuspension was more effective against S. aureus than the commercially market product, MoxiGram®. Microbiological efficacy assessed against B. subtilus using cup-plate method suggested that our fabricated nanosuspension possess better anti-microbial activity as compared to the commercial agent, MoxiGram® revealing promising potentials for the currently developed gelatin based nanoformualtions.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, India. Electronic address: alokmpharma@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Alok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahor
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, India.
authors.forename: Sunil Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Prajapati
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, India. Electronic address: amitaverma.dr@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Amita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, India.
authors.forename: Rishikesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 259 Mack Ave, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, United States; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, United States.
authors.forename: Arun K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Iyer
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 259 Mack Ave, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, United States. Electronic address: prashantdops@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Prashant
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kesharwani
mesh_terms: D060433:Administration, Ophthalmic; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D003315:Cornea / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D052978:Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; D004339:Drug Compounding; D065546:Drug Liberation; D004355:Drug Stability; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005780:Gelatin / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D011817:Rabbits; D012995:Solubility; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D055672:Static Electricity
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D005780:Gelatin; D000077266:Moxifloxacin
keywords: Bacillus subtilus; Gelatin; In-vivo tolerance; Moxifloxacin; Ocular tissues; Staphylococcus aureus