title: Intravenous Fat Emulsion Formulations for the Adult and Pediatric Patient: Understanding the Differences.
abstract: Intravenous fat emulsions (IVFEs) provide essential fatty acids (EFAs) and are a dense source of energy in parenteral nutrition (PN). Parenterally administered lipid was introduced in the 17th century but plagued with side effects. The formulation of IVFEs later on made it a relatively safe component for administration to patients. Many ingredients are common to all IVFEs, yet the oil source(s) and its (their) percentage(s) makes them different from each other. The oil used dictates how IVFEs are metabolized and cleared from the body. The fatty acids (FAs) present in each type of oil provide unique beneficial and detrimental properties. This review provides an overview of IVFEs and discusses factors that would help clinicians choose the optimal product for their patients.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology Program and the Department of Surgery. Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Anez-Bustillos
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology Program and the Department of Surgery. Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Duy T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Dao
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology Program and the Department of Surgery. Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Meredith A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology Program and the Department of Surgery. Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Gillian L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Fell
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology Program and the Department of Surgery. Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puder
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Kathleen.Gura@childrens.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Gura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005228:Fatty Acids, Essential / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D000069463:Olive Oil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; D005228:Fatty Acids, Essential; D005395:Fish Oils; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D013024:Soybean Oil
keywords: fatty acids; intravenous fat emulsions; lipids; parenteral nutrition