title: Improved oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble glimepiride by utilizing microemulsion technique.
abstract: The objective of this work was to prepare an oil/water glimepiride (GM) microemulsion (ME) for oral administration to improve its solubility and enhance its bioavailability. Based on a solubility study, pseudoternary phase diagrams, and Box-Behnken design, the oil/water GMME formulation was optimized and prepared. GMME was characterized by dynamic laser light scattering, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy, and viscosity. The in vitro drug release, storage stability, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of GMME were investigated. The optimized GMME was composed of Capryol 90 (oil), Cremophor RH40 (surfactant), and Transcutol (cosurfactant), and increased GM solubility up to 544.6±4.91 µg/mL. The GMME was spherical in shape. The particle size and its polydispersity index were 38.9±17.46 nm and 0.266±0.057, respectively. Meanwhile, the GMME was physicochemically stable at 4°C for at least 3 months. The short-term efficacy in diabetic mice provided the proof that blood glucose had a consistent and significant reduction at a dose of 375 µg/kg whether via IP injection or IG administration of GMME. Compared with the glimepiride suspensions or glimepiride-meglumine complex solution, the pharmacokinetics of GMME in Wistar rats via IG administration exhibited higher plasma drug concentration, larger area under the curve, and more enhanced oral bioavailability. There was a good correlation of GMME between the in vitro release values and the in vivo oral absorption. ME could be an effective oral drug delivery system to improve bioavailability of GM.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmacy.
authors.forename: Haiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmacy.
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmacy.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmacy.
authors.forename: Xiaxia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmacy.
authors.forename: Jiefang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmacy.
authors.forename: Wenzhi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shigang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D065546:Drug Liberation; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010316:Particle Size; D044367:Phase Transition / Q000187:drug effects; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012995:Solubility; D055672:Static Electricity; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds; D014867:Water; C057619:glimepiride
keywords: glimepiride; microemulsion; pharmacodynamics; pharmacokinetics; solubility