title: Dosage Adjustments Related to Young or Old Age and Organ Impairment.
abstract: Differences in physiology related to young or old age and/or organ system impairment alter the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of many medications and consequently their effectiveness and toxicity. This module discusses common alterations in medication use and dosage that are required in the pediatric age group, in the elderly, and in patients with renal or hepatic disease.
authors.affiliation: Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Burris
authors.affiliation: CSL Behring, King of Prussia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Tortorici
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mandic
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital of Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neely
authors.affiliation: Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Reed
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004304:Dosage Forms / Q000592:standards; D054796:Drug Dosage Calculations; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000379:methods; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004304:Dosage Forms; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations
keywords: drug interactions; entrustable professional activities (EPA) in clinical pharmacology; medical education; medical misadventures; prescribing practices