title: Metabolic Syndrome Patients Have Lower Levels of Adropin When Compared With Healthy Overweight/Obese and Lean Subjects.
abstract: Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors, is a challenging public health issue. The aim of current study was to test the hypothesis that concentrations of plasma adropin and leptin differ between patients with MetS and comparable age- and sex-matched control groups. This case-control study involved 153 subjects (51 per group). The study group included obese subjects with MetS and the two control groups included weight-matched subjects without MetS ("healthy": obese) and normal weight subjects without MetS. Body composition parameters were measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Plasma levels of adropin, leptin, and their ratio were measured. Leptin was significantly different between obese patients with/without MetS groups and normal weight subjects. Patients with MetS had higher levels of leptin (14 ± 12.4) compared with those without MetS (11.2 ± 9.3 vs. 7 ± 7.1 obese and normal weight without MetS, respectively; p = .002). Compared with healthy obese and normal weight subjects, MetS subjects had lower levels of plasma adropin ( p < .001) and a lower plasma adropin to leptin ratio ( p < .001), which remained significant when adjusted for body fat mass by analysis of covariance ( p < .001). This study demonstrates low levels of adropin are correlated with MetS and hence identify it as a potentially protective agent against MetS development. Variation in adropin levels may partly explain the "healthy obese" phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: 1 Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|2 Larestan School of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran.
authors.forename: Somaye
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yosaee
authors.affiliation: 3 Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khodadost
authors.affiliation: 4 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Esteghamati
authors.affiliation: 5 University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Speakman
authors.affiliation: 1 Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Farzad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shidfar
authors.affiliation: 4 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahdiyeh Nasab
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Nazari
authors.affiliation: 4 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Vida
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bitarafan
authors.affiliation: 4 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Kurosh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Djafarian
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin; D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001798:Blood Proteins; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood*; D010455:Peptides / Q000097:blood*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins; C568440:Enho protein, human; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020738:Leptin; D010455:Peptides
keywords: adropin; body composition; leptin; metabolic syndrome; obesity