title: High-level expression and characterization of a novel serine protease in Pichia pastoris by multi-copy integration.
abstract: A novel serine protease from Trichoderma koningii (SPTK) was synthesized and expressed in Pichia pastoris. The recombinant SPTK was completely inhibited by phenyl methyl sulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), suggesting that SPTK belonged to the subgroup of serine proteases. The optimum pH and temperature for the recombinant SPTK reaction were 6.0 and 55°C, respectively. SPTK performed a tolerance to most organic solvents and metal ions, and the addition of Triton X-100 exhibited an activation of SPTK up to 243% of its initial activity but SDS strongly inhibited. Moreover, our study showed that a portion of SPTK was N-glycosylated during fermentation. The activity and thermal stability of the recombinant SPTK were improved after the removal of glycosylation, and the N-glycosylation of SPTK could be efficiently removed through co-culture with P. pastoris strains expressing Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase H. We constructed expression vectors harboring from one to four repeats of Sptk-expressing cassettes via an in vitro BioBrick assembly approach. And the result of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) indicated that the tandem expression cassettes were integrated into the genome of P. pastoris through a single recombination event. These strains were used to study the correlation between the gene copy number and the expression level of SPTK. The results of qPCR and enzyme activity assays indicated that the copy number variation of Sptk gene generally had a positive effect on the expression level of SPTK, while an increase in integration of target gene did not guarantee its high expression. The maximum yield and specific activity of SPTK in P. pastoris were obtained from the recombinant yeast strain harboring two-copy tandem Sptk-expressing cassettes, the yield reached 0.48g/l after a 6-d induction using menthol in shake flasks and 3.2g/l in high-density fermentation with specific activity of 5200U/mg. In addition, the recombinant SPTK could efficiently degrade chicken feather and hydrolyzed the gelatin layer of photographic film. These properties made the recombinant SPTK a suitable candidate for industrial applications and for eliminating the pollution of keratin.
authors.affiliation: Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: shumin012@qq.com.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.affiliation: Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: shenwei2219@163.com.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.affiliation: Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: shhyoung@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Shihui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: 379268748@163.com.
authors.forename: Xiaojuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: 867211033@qq.com.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: 956794575@qq.com.
authors.forename: Yaping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: malixing@hubu.edu.cn.
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002645:Chickens; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005241:Feathers; D005285:Fermentation; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018628:Gene Dosage; D015870:Gene Expression; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D006031:Glycosylation; D007700:Kinetics; D010843:Pichia / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D057057:Serine Proteases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D014866:Waste Products
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014866:Waste Products; D057057:Serine Proteases
keywords: Biobrick assembly; Feather degradation; Multi-copy gene expression; Pichia pastoris; Serine protease