title: Therapeutic Effects of Punicalagin Against Ovarian Carcinoma Cells in Association With β-Catenin Signaling Inhibition.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of punicalagin, a polyphenol isolated from Punica granatum, on human A2780 ovarian cancer cells in vitro.
  
  
  
  The viability of human A2780 ovarian cells was evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Cell cycle was detected with flow cytometry analysis. The protein expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, β-catenin, cyclin D1, survivin, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2, and TIMP-3 were measured using Western blot analysis. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 activity was determined with gelatin zymography. Wound healing assay was used to determine cell migration.
  
  
  
  Punicalagin inhibited the cell viability of A2780 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and the cell cycle of A2780 cells was arrested in G1/S phase transition. The treatment also induced apoptosis as shown by the up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2. On the other hand, punicalagin treatment increased the expressions of TIMP-2 and TIMP-3, decreased the activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9, and inhibited cell migration. In addition, the β-catenin pathway was suppressed as shown by the down-regulations of β-catenin and its downstream factors including cyclin D1 and survivin.
  
  
  
  Punicalagin may have cancer-chemopreventive as well as cancer-chemotherapeutic effects against human ovarian cancer in humans through the inhibition of β-catenin signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Ming
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Bing-Shu
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Sha-Sha
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D051176:beta Catenin; C115642:punicalagin; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases