title: Management of Oropharyngeal Cancer in the HPV Era.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Historically, oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) has been attributed to risk factors such as smoking and alcohol use. The increased incidence of OPC has been driven by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  A search of the literature involving HPV infection and OPC was performed, along with a search of ongoing clinical trials regarding HPV-positive OPC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This review summarizes the differences in epidemiology and prognosis of HPV-positive OPC compared with non-HPV-related OPC. It will also discuss use of de-escalating treatment to minimize toxicity while maintaining excellent outcomes. Disease management is also addressed, including prevention and follow-up recommendations for this cohort of patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HPV-positive OPC is a distinct disease, and efforts should be made to personalize its management. Preventive measures and vaccinations, along with de-escalation of treatment, may help optimize outcomes in this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. Arash.Naghavi@Moffitt.org.
authors.forename: Arash O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Naghavi
authors.forename: Tobin J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Strom
authors.forename: Kamran A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Michelle I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Echevarria
authors.forename: Yazan A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Abuodeh
authors.forename: Puja S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Venkat
authors.forename: Jessica M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Frakes
authors.forename: Louis B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: Andy M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Trotti
authors.forename: Jimmy J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Caudell
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000628:therapy*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors