title: Unique Regulatory Mechanisms for the Human Embryonic Stem Cell Cycle.
abstract: The cell cycle in pluripotent human embryonic stem cells is governed by unique mechanisms that support unrestricted proliferation and competency for endodermal, mesodermal, and ectodermal differentiation. The abbreviated G1 period with retention of uncompromised fidelity for genetic and epigenetic mechanisms operative in control of proliferation support competency for expansion of the pluripotent cell population that is fundamental for initial stages of development. Regulatory events during the G1 period of the pluripotent cell cycle are decisive for the transition from pluripotency to lineage commitment. Recent findings indicate that a G2 cell cycle pause is present in both endodermal and mesodermal lineage cells, and is obligatory for differentiation to endoderm. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1254-1257, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont.
authors.forename: Jennifer J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: VanOudenhove
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont.
authors.forename: Rodrigo A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Grandy
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont.
authors.forename: Prachi N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Ghule
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont.
authors.forename: Jane B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont.
authors.forename: Janet L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont.
authors.forename: Sayyed K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Zaidi
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and University of Vermont Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont.
authors.forename: Gary S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Stein
mesh_terms: D002453:Cell Cycle; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019070:Cell Lineage; D000066449:Human Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological