title: Ischemic Stroke After Wasp Sting.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite the common occurrence of hymenopteran stings worldwide, primary neurologic manifestations including stroke are rare. We report a case of a healthy male who developed a right middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory ischemic stroke after getting stung by a wasp.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 44-year-old man with hypertension presented to the hospital with sudden-onset left hemiparesis, left facial weakness, and dysarthria after being stung by a wasp. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) scans of the brain revealed a right MCA territory infarct and a lack of flow in the distal right internal carotid artery and MCA. He was treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator. A computed tomography angiography scan of the brain performed 24 hours later revealed multiple regions of vasoconstriction in the territory of the bilateral MCA. Evaluations for causes of stroke, including echocardiography and telemetry, were not revealing. Immunologic testing showed significantly elevated levels of serum wasp immunoglobulin E. Therapy with aspirin and atorvastatin was started. At discharge, the patient had a mild left facial droop but normal strength in his left arm and leg. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: Emergency physicians encounter large numbers of hymenopteran sting cases each year. These patients typically present with local reactions, such as itching, pain, and erythema. Systemic manifestations, such as anaphylaxis causing severe hypotension and bronchospasm, are less common but deadly. Neurologic complications, such as ischemic stroke, are extremely rare. This manuscript highlights the pathophysiology and management of stroke after a hymenopteran sting. There are no guidelines for the management of stroke after a hymenopteran sting, and therefore we intend to provide some guidance to physicians for treating stroke after a hymenopteran sting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: Ashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kulhari
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: Ashley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: Vishakhadatta Mathur
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Kumaraswamy
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: DeGeorgia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001733:Bites and Stings / Q000150:complications*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D020768:Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D014863:Wasps / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007073:Immunoglobulin E
keywords: ischemic; stroke; wasp