title: Treatment of early stage vaginal cancer with EBRT and MRI-based intracavitary brachytherapy: A retrospective case review.
abstract: This case series describes the use of pelvic radiotherapy (RT) and MRI-based intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) for patients with small volume, early-stage, primary vaginal cancer. A customized pelvic MRI protocol with a vaginal cylinder in place (MRVC) was used to measure disease extent and tumor thickness (defined as distance from lateral/apical margin of tumor to cylinder surface) at time of diagnosis. Non-bulky tumors with initial (pre-RT) thickness ≤ 2 cm from the cylinder surface received pelvic RT followed by ICBT. Ten patients with FIGO stage I-II primary vaginal cancer treated with pelvic RT +/- cisplatin and ICBT at our institution between 1998 and 2008 were included. Initial tumor thickness measured on MRVC ranged from 0 to 2 cm. Initial tumor volume ranged from 0 to 9.8 cm(3). Mean pelvic RT dose was 45 Gy. At the time of ICBT, 60% of patients had a complete response (cR) and 40% had a partial response (pR). No patients with a cR had a recurrence whereas one patient with a pR had a local recurrence following ICBT. For the entire cohort, the median follow-up time was 59.9 months (range: 15-153). The estimated 5-year overall survival, disease-specific survival, and local failure-free survival were 67%, 80%, and 90%, respectively. Among survivors, there were no late grade 3-4 toxicities. In this series of patients with small primary early-stage vaginal tumors, long term clinical outcomes were acceptable following RT and MRI-based ICBT, especially among those with a cR at time of brachytherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: Shari
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Damast
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Vinita
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Takiar
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: Shirley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.affiliation: Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: Susan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Higgins
keywords: Intra-cavitary brachytherapy; MRI; Vaginal cancer