title: A strategy for promoting astaxanthin accumulation in Haematococcus pluvialis by 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid application.
abstract: The green algae Haematococcus pluvialis is a freshwater unicellular microalga belonging to Chlorophyceae. It is one of the best natural sources of astaxanthin, a secondary metabolite commonly used as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Due to the importance of astaxanthin, various efforts have been made to increase its production. In this study, we attempted to develop a strategy for promoting astaxanthin accumulation in H. pluvialis using 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), a precursor of ethylene (normally known as an aging hormone in plants). Our results demonstrated that ACC could enhance the growth of H. pluvialis, thereby promoting astaxanthin accumulation. Therefore, ACC has an indirect influence on astaxanthin production. We further verified the effect of ACC with a direct treatment of ethylene originated from banana peels. These results indicate that ethylene could be applied as an indirect method for enhancing growth and astaxanthin biosynthesis in H. pluvialis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Changsu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: yechoi@Korea.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yoon-E
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: ysyun@jbnu.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Yeoung-Sang
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Yun
mesh_terms: D000598:Amino Acids, Cyclic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019149:Bioreactors; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D028521:Musa / Q000737:chemistry; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D016823:Volvocida / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000598:Amino Acids, Cyclic; D005030:Ethylenes; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D024341:Xanthophylls; C023863:1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid; C005948:astaxanthine; C036216:ethylene
keywords: ACC; Astaxanthin; Growth; Haematococcus pluvialis; ROS