title: Effects of fetal tobacco exposure on focused attention in infancy.
abstract: This study examined the association between fetal tobacco exposure (FTE) and focused attention at 9 months of child age, and the role of child sex and infant behavioral reactivity as potential moderators of this association. Data were obtained from 203 mothers and their infants (105 fetally exposed and 98 non-exposed) on infant focused attention and behavioral reactivity to a frustration task. FTE was ascertained via nicotine metabolites in infant meconium, reflecting primarily third trimester fetal exposure. Results demonstrated a main effect of FTE on focused attention, such that exposed infants exhibited lower levels of focused attention than non-exposed infants. Behavioral reactivity, but not infant sex, moderated the relationship between FTE and focused attention, such that exposed infants who were highly reactive to frustration had the lowest levels of focused attention. Results suggest that smoking interventions, even in the third trimester, may have a positive impact on attentional outcomes for infants.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute on Addictions, State University of New York at Buffalo, 1021 Main Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, United States. Electronic address: sshisler@ria.buffalo.edu.
authors.forename: Shannon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shisler
authors.affiliation: Research Institute on Addictions, State University of New York at Buffalo, 1021 Main Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, United States. Electronic address: eiden@ria.buffalo.edu.
authors.forename: Rina D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Eiden
authors.affiliation: Research Institute on Addictions, State University of New York at Buffalo, 1021 Main Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203, United States. Electronic address: dmolnar@ria.buffalo.edu.
authors.forename: Danielle S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Molnar
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, SUNY Buffalo State, 1300 Elmwood Avenue, Buffalo, NY 14222-1095, United States. Electronic address: schuetp@buffalostate.edu.
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schuetze
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Pediatrics, Emory University, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States. Electronic address: ccoles@emory.edu.
authors.forename: Claire D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Coles
authors.affiliation: Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, IRP, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Biomedical Research Center, Suite 200 Room 05A-721, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States. Electronic address: marilyn.huestis@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Marilyn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huestis
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, 227 Park Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States. Electronic address: ccolder@buffalo.edu.
authors.forename: Craig R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Colder
mesh_terms: D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018730:Infant Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D007508:Irritable Mood / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014026:Nicotiana
keywords: Behavioral reactivity; Focused attention; Infants; Prenatal tobacco exposure