title: Precise and selective sensing of DNA-DNA hybridization by graphene/Si-nanowires diode-type biosensors.
abstract: Single-Si-nanowire (NW)-based DNA sensors have been recently developed, but their sensitivity is very limited because of high noise signals, originating from small source-drain current of the single Si NW. Here, we demonstrate that chemical-vapor-deposition-grown large-scale graphene/surface-modified vertical-Si-NW-arrays junctions can be utilized as diode-type biosensors for highly-sensitive and -selective detection of specific oligonucleotides. For this, a twenty-seven-base-long synthetic oligonucleotide, which is a fragment of human DENND2D promoter sequence, is first decorated as a probe on the surface of vertical Si-NW arrays, and then the complementary oligonucleotide is hybridized to the probe. This hybridization gives rise to a doping effect on the surface of Si NWs, resulting in the increase of the current in the biosensor. The current of the biosensor increases from 19 to 120% as the concentration of the target DNA varies from 0.1 to 500 nM. In contrast, such biosensing does not come into play by the use of the oligonucleotide with incompatible or mismatched sequences. Similar results are observed from photoluminescence microscopic images and spectra. The biosensors show very-uniform current changes with standard deviations ranging ~1 to ~10% by ten-times endurance tests. These results are very promising for their applications in accurate, selective, and stable biosensing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics and Institute of Natural Sciences, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Jungkil
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.
authors.forename: Shin-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics and Institute of Natural Sciences, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics and Institute of Natural Sciences, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Hun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics and Institute of Natural Sciences, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Ju Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics and Institute of Natural Sciences, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.
authors.forename: Joong-Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics and Institute of Natural Sciences, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Jun Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics and Institute of Natural Sciences, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Hosun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics and Institute of Natural Sciences, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Suk-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015342:DNA Probes; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D053770:Nanowires / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization / Q000379:methods*; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C582173:DENND2D protein, human; D015342:DNA Probes; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D006108:Graphite; D012825:Silicon