title: Epileptic seizures in anaplastic gangliogliomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prevalence and predictors of epileptic seizures are unknown in the malignant variant of ganglioglioma.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective exploratory dataset of 18 supratentorial anaplastic World Health Organization grade III gangliogliomas, we studied: (i) the prevalence and predictors of epileptic seizures at diagnosis; (ii) the evolution of seizures during tumor evolution; (iii) seizure control rates and predictors of epilepsy control after oncological treatments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Epileptic seizures prevalence progresses throughout the natural course of anaplastic gangliogliomas: 44% at imaging discovery, 67% at histopathological diagnosis, 69% following oncological treatment, 86% at tumor progression, and 100% at the end-of-life phase. The medical control of seizures and their refractory status worsened during the tumor's natural course: 25% of uncontrolled seizures at histopathological diagnosis, 40% following oncological treatment, 45.5% at tumor progression, and 45.5% at the end-of-life phase. Predictors of seizures at diagnosis appeared related to the tumor location (i.e. temporal and/or cortical involvement). Prognostic parameters of seizure control after first-line oncological treatment were temporal tumor location, eosinophilic granular bodies, TP53 mutation, and extent of resection. Prognostic parameters of seizure control at tumor progression were a history of epileptic seizures at diagnosis, seizure control after first-line oncological treatment, eosinophilic granular bodies, and TP53 mutation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Epileptic seizures are frequently observed in anaplastic gangliogliomas and both prevalence and medically refractory status worsen during the tumor's natural course. Both oncological and antiepileptic treatments should be employed to improve the control of epileptic seizures and the quality of life of patients harboring an anaplastic ganglioglioma.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurosurgery , Sainte-Anne Hospital , Paris , France.|b Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zanello
authors.affiliation: b Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France.|c Department of Neuropathology , Sainte-Anne Hospital , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Mélanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pagès
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurosurgery , Sainte-Anne Hospital , Paris , France.|b Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roux
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurosurgery , Sainte-Anne Hospital , Paris , France.|b Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Peeters
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurosurgery , Sainte-Anne Hospital , Paris , France.|b Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Edouard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dezamis
authors.affiliation: b Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France.|d Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery , Necker Enfants Malades Hospital , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Puget
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurosurgery , Sainte-Anne Hospital , Paris , France.|b Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Bertrand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Devaux
authors.affiliation: b Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France.|d Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery , Necker Enfants Malades Hospital , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sainte-Rose
authors.affiliation: b Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France.|d Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery , Necker Enfants Malades Hospital , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zerah
authors.affiliation: e Department of Neurooncology , Gustave Roussy , Villejuif , France.
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Louvel
authors.affiliation: e Department of Neurooncology , Gustave Roussy , Villejuif , France.
authors.forename: Sarah N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Dumont
authors.affiliation: b Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France.|f Department of Neuroradiology , Sainte-Anne Hospital , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Meder
authors.affiliation: g Department of Pediatric Oncology , Gustave Roussy , Villejuif , France.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grill
authors.affiliation: h Clinical Neurophysiology Department & Epileptology Unit , Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, UPMC - APHP , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huberfeld
authors.affiliation: b Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France.|c Department of Neuropathology , Sainte-Anne Hospital , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chrétien
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurosurgery , Sainte-Anne Hospital , Paris , France.|b Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Parraga
authors.affiliation: b Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France.|i Department of Neuro-Anaesthesia and Neuro-Intensive Care , Sainte-Anne Hospital , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sauvageon
authors.affiliation: b Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France.|c Department of Neuropathology , Sainte-Anne Hospital , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Varlet
authors.affiliation: a Department of Neurosurgery , Sainte-Anne Hospital , Paris , France.|b Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pallud
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D018450:Disease Progression; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D018303:Ganglioglioma / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012640:Seizures / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
keywords: Anaplastic ganglioglioma; epilepsy; seizures; surgery