title: Potential of Pseudoshikonin I Isolated from Lithospermi Radix as Inhibitors of MMPs in IL-1β-Induced SW1353 Cells.
abstract: Pseudoshikonin I, the new bioactive constituent of Lithospermi radix, was isolated from this methanol extract by employing reverse-phase medium-pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC) using acetonitrile/water solvent system as eluents. The chemical structure was determined based on spectroscopic techniques, including 1D NMR (¹H, (13)C, DEPT), 2D NMR (gCOSY, gHMBC, gHMQC), and QTOF/MS data. In this study, we demonstrated the effect of pseudoshikonin I on matrix-metalloproteinase (MMPs) activation and expression in interleukin (IL)-1β-induced SW1353 chondrosarcoma cells. MMPs are considered important for the maintenance of the extracellular matrix. Following treatment with PS, active MMP-1, -2, -3, -9, -13 and TIMP-2 were quantified in the SW1353 cell culture supernatants using a commercially available ELISA kit. The mRNA expression of MMPs in SW1353 cells was measured by RT-PCR. Pseudoshikonin I treatment effectively protected the activation on all tested MMPs in a dose-dependent manner. TIMP-2 mRNA expression was significantly upregulated by pseudoshikonin I treatment. Overall, we elucidated the inhibitory effect of pseudoshikonin on MMPs, and we suggest its use as a potential novel anti-osteoarthritis agent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea. dylee0809@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Dae Young
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: YD Life Science Research Institutes, YD Life Science Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13235, Korea. langdeve@naver.com.
authors.forename: Soo-Im
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: YD Life Science Research Institutes, YD Life Science Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13235, Korea. sh.han@ydgls.com.
authors.forename: Se Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.affiliation: Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea. yejoo@rda.go.kr.|Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea. yejoo@rda.go.kr.
authors.forename: Ye-Joo
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: YD Life Science Research Institutes, YD Life Science Co., Ltd., Seongnam 13235, Korea. Jonggil@rda.go.kr.
authors.forename: Jong-Gil
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea. youngseoblee@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Young-Seob
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea. jehun@rda.go.kr.
authors.forename: Je Hun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea. seungeun@rda.go.kr.
authors.forename: Seung-Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea. kimgs0725@korea.kr.
authors.forename: Geum-Soog
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029684:Lithospermum / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / Q000378:metabolism; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1
keywords: Lithospermi radix; matrix-metalloproteinase (MMPs); nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR); pseudoshikonin I