title: Maternal Deprivation Influences Pup Ultrasonic Vocalizations of C57BL/6J Mice.
abstract: Maternal deprivation (MD) is frequently used as an early life stress model in rodents to investigate behavioral and neurological responses under stressful conditions. However, the effect of MD on the early postnatal development of rodents, which is when multiple neural systems become established, is rarely investigated due to methodological limitations. Ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) are one of the few responses produced by neonatal rodents that can be quantitatively analyzed, and the quantification of USVs is regarded as a novel approach to investigate possible alterations in the neurobehavioral and emotional development of infant rodents under stress. To investigate the effect of MD on pup mice, we subjected C57BL/6J mice to MD and recorded the USVs of pups on postnatal days 1, 3, 7, 8, and 14. To determine whether the effect of MD on USVs was acute or cumulative, pre- and post-separation USV groups were included; sex differences in pup USV emission were also investigated. Our results suggest that (i) USV activity was high on postnatal days 3-8; (ii) the MD effect on USVs was acute, and a cumulative effect was not found; (iii) the MD mice vocalized more and longer than the controls at a lower frequency, and the effect was closely related to age; and (iv) female pups were more susceptible than males to the effect of MD on USV number and duration between postnatal days 3-8.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.|Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.|Department of Psychiatry, The Seventh Hospital of HangZhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Xiaowen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.|Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Seventh Hospital of HangZhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America.
authors.forename: Qunkang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.|Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jiabei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The Seventh Hospital of HangZhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.|Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Zhaoxin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.|Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Haojie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Health Education Institute, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jianshu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.|Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yuqiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.|Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xudong
authors.identifier: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9543-9865
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000502:physiology; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D008426:Maternal Deprivation; D051379:Mice; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014828:Vocalization, Animal / Q000502:physiology*