title: Screening of pigmented Bacillus aquimaris SH6 from the intestinal tracts of shrimp to develop a novel feed supplement for shrimp.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a novel feed supplement for shrimp using pigmented spore-forming bacterial strains isolated from their gastrointestinal tracts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight pigmented Bacillus strains were selected from the isolates based on high production of heat-stable spores, typical UV-Vis spectra of produced carotenoids (400-550 nm), and free radical scavenging activity of their extracts. Of the eight strains, the red-orange pigmented Bacillus aquimaris SH6 was selected because it showed the highest abundance in shrimp guts (70% population). Whiteleg shrimp (n = 30 per group) fed with SH6 spores, at >3 × 106CFU g-1pellet for 4 weeks had redder colour (score of 21-23 vs 20-22), 2·7-fold higher astaxanthin level (0·69 vs 0·25 μg g-1shrimp), 34% higher weight gain (7·18 vs 5·32 g shrimp-1), and 85% higher phenoloxidase activity (OD490= 0·265 vs 0·143) than shrimp in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The result supports the potential use of B. aquimaris SH6 as a feed supplement for promoting the colourization and weight gain, and for enhancing innate immunity of whiteleg shrimp.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that carotenoids produced by B. aquimaris SH6 can be successfully absorbed and converted to astaxanthin in whiteleg shrimp.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, VNU University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Ngo
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, VNU University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: T T N
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: High School for Gifted Students, VNU University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: Q M
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: High School for Gifted Students, VNU University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: H T V
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Do
authors.affiliation: ANABIO Research & Development JSC, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, VNU University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam.
authors.forename: T-N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Phan
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, VNU University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam. vananhbiolab@gmail.com.
authors.forename: A T V
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001407:Bacillus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology*; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D024341:Xanthophylls; D002338:Carotenoids; C005948:astaxanthine
keywords: 
  Bacillus
  ; carotenoid; gastrointestinal tract; pigmented; shrimp; supplement