title: Ex vivo hyperpolarized MR spectroscopy on isolated renal tubular cells: A novel technique for cell energy phenotyping.
abstract: It has been demonstrated that hyperpolarized13C MR is a useful tool to study cultured cells. However, cells in culture can alter phenotype, which raises concerns regarding the in vivo significance of such findings. Here we investigate if metabolic phenotyping using hyperpolarized13C MR is suitable for cells isolated from kidney tissue, without prior cell culture.
  
  
  
  Isolation of tubular cells from freshly excised kidney tissue and treatment with either ouabain or antimycin A was investigated with hyperpolarized MR spectroscopy on a 9.4 Tesla preclinical imaging system.
  
  
  
  Isolation of tubular cells from less than 2 g of kidney tissue generally resulted in more than 10 million live tubular cells. This amount of cells was enough to yield robust signals from the conversion of13C-pyruvate to lactate, bicarbonate and alanine, demonstrating that metabolic flux by means of both anaerobic and aerobic pathways can be quantified using this technique.
  
  
  
  Ex vivo metabolic phenotyping using hyperpolarized13C MR in a preclinical system is a useful technique to study energy metabolism in freshly isolated renal tubular cells. This technique has the potential to advance our understanding of both normal cell physiology as well as pathological processes contributing to kidney disease. Magn Reson Med 78:457-461, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
authors.affiliation: MR Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Troels
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Juul
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Fredrik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Palm
authors.affiliation: MR Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Per Mose
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.affiliation: MR Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lotte Bonde
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Bertelsen
authors.affiliation: MR Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: Christoffer
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Laustsen
mesh_terms: D000409:Alanine / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003584:Cytological Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000166:cytology; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000166:cytology*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D010641:Phenotype; D019289:Pyruvic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D019344:Lactic Acid; D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D000409:Alanine
keywords: MRI; hyperpolarization; kidney; renal tubular cells; renal tubular metabolism