title: Examining Measures of Weight as Risk Factors for Sport-Related Injury in Adolescents.
abstract: Objectives. To examine body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) as risk factors for sport injury in adolescents. Design. A secondary analysis of prospectively collected data from a pilot cluster randomized controlled trial. Methods. Adolescents (n = 1,040) at the ages of 11-15 years from two Calgary junior high schools were included. BMI (kg/m(2)) and WC (cm) were measured from direct measures at baseline assessment. Categories (overweight/obese) were created using validated international (BMI) and national (WC) cut-off points. A Poisson regression analysis controlling for relevant covariates (sex, previous injury, sport participation, intervention group, and aerobic fitness level) estimated the risk of sport injury [incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI)]. Results. There was an increased risk of time loss injury (IRR = 2.82, 95% CI: 1.01-8.04) and knee injury (IRR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.00-6.94) in adolescents that were overweight/obese; however, increases in injury risk for all injury and lower extremity injury were not statistically significant. Estimates suggested a greater risk of time loss injury [IRR = 1.63 (95% CI: 0.93-2.47)] in adolescents with high measures of WC. Conclusions. There is an increased risk of time loss injury and knee injury in overweight/obese adolescents. Sport injury prevention training programs should include strategies that target all known risk factors for injury.
authors.affiliation: Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1X8; Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4; School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M3J 1P3.
authors.forename: Sarah A
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-3632-5037
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Richmond
authors.affiliation: Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4; Alberta Children's Hospital, Institute for Child and Maternal Health, 2888 Shaganappi Trail NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T3B 6A8; Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nettel-Aguirre
authors.affiliation: Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4.
authors.forename: Patricia K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Doyle-Baker
authors.affiliation: School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M3J 1P3.
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Macpherson
authors.affiliation: Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 1N4; Alberta Children's Hospital, Institute for Child and Maternal Health, 2888 Shaganappi Trail NW, Calgary, AB, Canada T3B 6A8.
authors.forename: Carolyn A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Emery