title: Evaluation of preoperative staging for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is known for its rapid progression and poor outcomes. China has the highest incidence and mortality in the world. Diagnoses made at early stages and accurate staging are associated with better outcomes, all of which can play a significant role in the selection of treatment protocols. ESCC is staged according to the widely accepted TNM system. Common imaging modalities used in staging ESCC before treatment include endoscopy, computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Endoscopic ultrasound is useful for staging tumor depth and nodal status. Narrow band imaging is valuable for early stage disease assessment. CT and PET provide additional valuable information regarding node and metastasis staging. The ability of MRI to delineate ESCC is continuously being improved and adds information regarding locoregional status to routine examinations.
authors.affiliation: Lin-Na Luo, Long-Jun He, Xiao-Yan Gao, Xin-Xin Huang, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Bao Wang, Rong Zhang, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 51006, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Lin-Na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Lin-Na Luo, Long-Jun He, Xiao-Yan Gao, Xin-Xin Huang, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Bao Wang, Rong Zhang, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 51006, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Long-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: He
authors.affiliation: Lin-Na Luo, Long-Jun He, Xiao-Yan Gao, Xin-Xin Huang, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Bao Wang, Rong Zhang, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 51006, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Lin-Na Luo, Long-Jun He, Xiao-Yan Gao, Xin-Xin Huang, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Bao Wang, Rong Zhang, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 51006, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Xin-Xin
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Lin-Na Luo, Long-Jun He, Xiao-Yan Gao, Xin-Xin Huang, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Bao Wang, Rong Zhang, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 51006, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Bo
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.affiliation: Lin-Na Luo, Long-Jun He, Xiao-Yan Gao, Xin-Xin Huang, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Bao Wang, Rong Zhang, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 51006, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Guang-Yu
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.affiliation: Lin-Na Luo, Long-Jun He, Xiao-Yan Gao, Xin-Xin Huang, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Bao Wang, Rong Zhang, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 51006, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Yin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Lin-Na Luo, Long-Jun He, Xiao-Yan Gao, Xin-Xin Huang, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Bao Wang, Rong Zhang, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 51006, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Shi-Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.affiliation: Lin-Na Luo, Long-Jun He, Xiao-Yan Gao, Xin-Xin Huang, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Bao Wang, Rong Zhang, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 51006, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Bao
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Lin-Na Luo, Long-Jun He, Xiao-Yan Gao, Xin-Xin Huang, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Bao Wang, Rong Zhang, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 51006, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Lin-Na Luo, Long-Jun He, Xiao-Yan Gao, Xin-Xin Huang, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Bao Wang, Rong Zhang, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 51006, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Liang
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Lin-Na Luo, Long-Jun He, Xiao-Yan Gao, Xin-Xin Huang, Hong-Bo Shan, Guang-Yu Luo, Yin Li, Shi-Yong Lin, Guo-Bao Wang, Rong Zhang, Guo-Liang Xu, Jian-Jun Li, Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 51006, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D019160:Endosonography; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000077277:Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
keywords: Computed tomography; Endoscopic ultrasound; Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; Magnetic resonance imaging; Positron emission tomography; Staging